PMID- 42948244 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261028 LR - 20261028 IS - 1664-2295 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2295 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - From past to present and toward the future: a mechanism-informed clinical framework for COVID-19-associated headache and post-viral pain. PG - 1937278 LID - 10.3389/fneur.2026.1937278 [doi] LID - 1937278 AB - Headache is a prominent acute and persistent neurological manifestation of COVID-19, representing both as a significant clinical challenge and a valuable model for understanding the neurotropic effects of SARS-CoV-2. This review synthesizes evidence showing that the epidemiology of COVID-19 headache is distinctly shaped by younger age, female sex, and a prior history of headache disorders; its clinical phenotypes are diverse, strongly associating with chemosensory dysfunctions such as anosmia; and its core pathophysiology involves neuroinflammation (e.g., cytokine-mediated pathways), trigeminovascular activation, and sex-specific neuroendocrine-immune interactions. Although acute headache often responds to conventional analgesics, persistent cases-a major component of Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)-necessitate a multidisciplinary management approach. This contrasts with the typically self-limiting headache following vaccination. Future research should prioritize longitudinal studies to define chronicity, mechanistic investigations into sex-specific pathways, and the development of phenotype-specific, personalized therapeutic strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 He, Xue, Liu, Xu, Zhao, Sun, Meng, Song, Zhang and Gui. FAU - He, Cheng AU - He C AD - Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China. AD - Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Xue, Yan AU - Xue Y AD - Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Liu, Yao AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China. FAU - Xu, Zhou-Can AU - Xu ZC AD - Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China. AD - Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhao, Rui-Qi AU - Zhao RQ AD - Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Sun, Jia-Yi AU - Sun JY AD - Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Meng, Jian-Feng AU - Meng JF AD - Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Song, Meng-Ruo AU - Song MR AD - Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhi-Jun AU - Zhang ZJ AD - Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China. AD - Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. AD - Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory in University for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Gui, Qun-Feng AU - Gui QF AD - Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261013 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurol JT - Frontiers in neurology JID - 101546899 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *Headache/epidemiology/etiology/physiopathology/virology MH - Female MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Pain/etiology PMC - PMC13711654 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cytokine storm OT - headache OT - long COVID OT - management OT - neuroinflammation OT - pathophysiology OT - trigeminovascular system COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/28 11:36 MHDA- 2026/10/28 11:37 PMCR- 2026/10/13 CRDT- 2026/10/28 05:21 PHST- 2026/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/28 11:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/28 11:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/28 05:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fneur.2026.1937278 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurol. 2026 Oct 13;17:1937278. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2026.1937278. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42943491 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2076-2607 (Print) IS - 2076-2607 (Electronic) IS - 2076-2607 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 4 TI - SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection Reveals Platform-Associated Long-Term Immune Remodeling in a Central Asian Cohort. LID - 10.3390/microorganisms14102252 [doi] LID - 2252 AB - This study aimed to evaluate platform-specific immune memory trajectories in patients with breakthrough COVID-19 over a 12-month period. This prospective longitudinal study enrolled adults hospitalized with PCR-confirmed COVID-19. Participants were stratified according to prior COVID-19 vaccination status into three groups: unvaccinated, adenoviral-vector-vaccinated, and inactivated-virus-vaccinated. Comprehensive immune profiling included quantification of humoral responses and flow cytometric analysis of T- and B-cell memory subsets. Group differences were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis tests; longitudinal naive CD8(+) T-cell dynamics were modeled using linear mixed-effects models; multivariate immune signatures were identified using random forest classification with SHAP analysis. The most distinct cellular finding was a sustained reduction in naive CD8(+) T cells in the adenoviral-vector-vaccine group, which persisted for 12 months in patients without pneumonia. Machine learning models demonstrated high discriminative performance for patients without pneumonia (AUC = 0.89-0.92), identifying a specific triad of markers in the adenoviral-vector-vaccine group: decreased naive CD8(+) T cells, decreased double-negative effector memory T cells, and increased naive CD19(+) B cells. Linear mixed-effects modeling confirmed that contraction of the naive CD8(+) T-cell compartment over time was significant exclusively in AdV recipients, whereas pneumonia was the dominant predictor in unvaccinated individuals. No significant temporal or disease-related dynamics were observed in the inactivated vaccine group, whose immune profiles largely overlapped with those of unvaccinated individuals. COVID-19 vaccine platforms induce distinct, durable immune imprints that modulate responses to subsequent breakthrough infections. The adenoviral-vector platform was associated with unique phenotypic remodeling of the T-cell compartment, specifically persistent contraction of the naive CD8(+) pool. These findings suggest that the vaccine platform itself, beyond the target antigen, shapes the trajectory of immune competence and long-term memory. FAU - Akhmaltdinova, Lyudmila AU - Akhmaltdinova L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5602-6136 AD - Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana Z05P3Y4, Kazakhstan. AD - Institute of Life Sciences, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda M01K6T3, Kazakhstan. FAU - Bekbossynova, Makhabbat AU - Bekbossynova M AD - Heart Center, Corporate Fund "University Medical Center", Astana Z05G9F9, Kazakhstan. FAU - Dossybayeva, Kuanysh AU - Dossybayeva K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1834-1909 AD - Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana Z05P3Y4, Kazakhstan. FAU - Tauekelova, Ainur AU - Tauekelova A AD - Heart Center, Corporate Fund "University Medical Center", Astana Z05G9F9, Kazakhstan. FAU - Sailybayeva, Aliya AU - Sailybayeva A AD - Heart Center, Corporate Fund "University Medical Center", Astana Z05G9F9, Kazakhstan. FAU - Mekhantseva, Irina AU - Mekhantseva I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6601-8172 AD - Institute of Life Sciences, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda M01K6T3, Kazakhstan. FAU - Isgandarov, Iskander AU - Isgandarov I AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-4386-3303 AD - Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty A15G7X2, Kazakhstan. AD - Department of General Immunology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty A05H2A6, Kazakhstan. FAU - Poddighe, Dimitri AU - Poddighe D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6431-9334 AD - College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. LA - eng GR - 10965164/Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261004 PL - Switzerland TA - Microorganisms JT - Microorganisms JID - 101625893 PMC - PMC13707658 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8+ T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - breakthrough infection OT - immune memory OT - vaccine platforms COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/04 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:45 PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:45 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - microorganisms14102252 [pii] AID - microorganisms-14-02252 [pii] AID - 10.3390/microorganisms14102252 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Microorganisms. 2026 Oct 4;14(10):2252. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms14102252. PMID- 42923005 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261024 LR - 20261025 IS - 2237-9622 (Electronic) IS - 1679-4974 (Print) IS - 1679-4974 (Linking) VI - 35 DP - 2026 TI - EpiFloripa COVID-Tel: methods and results of the telephone survey on the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults participating in the 2017-2019 and 2021-2022 EpiFloripa cohort study. PG - e20250021 LID - 10.1590/S2237-96222026v35e20250021.en [doi] LID - e20250021 AB - OBJECTIVES: To analyze the impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on the health conditions and behaviors of older adults participating in the EpiFloripa Aging cohort study, comparing Wave 3 (2017-2019) with Wave 4 (2021-2022), and describe the methodology of the survey used. METHODS: Telephone interviews were conducted. Data collection included sociodemographic and health information, adherence to distancing measures, internet use, and perceptions about the pandemic. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to assess changes before and during the pandemic. Frequency measures (n, %) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: Data from 1,335older adults interviewed in Wave 3 and 354 participants in Wave 4 were used. There was an increase in internet use (from 48.5% in Wave 3 to 65.5% in Wave 4), indicating greater digital inclusion during the pandemic. Self-rated health showed that 55.6% maintained a positive perception, but 10.9% began to rate it negatively, and 61.4% began to present depressive symptoms. The majority of older adults (53.7%) rigorously followed social distancing measures; 23.2% reported worsening health. High adherence was observed for both the first (98.0%) and second vaccine doses (98.8%). However, 20.6% showed probable cognitive decline during the COVID-19 period. CONCLUSION: There was an increase in digital inclusion, adherence to distancing measures, and vaccination. A worsening in self-perceived health, increased cognitive decline, and depressive symptoms were observed. These findings highlight the need for public policies targeting mental health, digital inclusion, and social support for older adults in crisis contexts.. FAU - Funk, Eliana AU - Funk E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8421-8140 AD - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianopolis FlorianopolisSC Brazil Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Hillesheim, Danubia AU - Hillesheim D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0600-4072 AD - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianopolis FlorianopolisSC Brazil Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Figueiro, Thamara Hubler AU - Figueiro TH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6502-1396 AD - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianopolis FlorianopolisSC Brazil Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Belchor, Ana Luisa Lages AU - Belchor ALL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1636-9403 AD - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianopolis FlorianopolisSC Brazil Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Rech, Cassiano Ricardo AU - Rech CR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9647-3448 AD - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianopolis FlorianopolisSC Brazil Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - d'Orsi, Eleonora AU - d'Orsi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2027-1089 AD - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianopolis FlorianopolisSC Brazil Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. FAU - Quialheiro, Anna AU - Quialheiro A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4168-6585 AD - Instituto Politecnico de Saude do Norte Unidade de Investigacao em Inteligencia Artificial e Saude Vila Nova de FamalicaoBR Portugal Instituto Politecnico de Saude do Norte, Unidade de Investigacao em Inteligencia Artificial e Saude, Vila Nova de Famalicao, BR, Portugal. LA - eng LA - por PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260724 PL - Brazil TA - Epidemiol Serv Saude JT - Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil JID - 101248287 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/psychology MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Cohort Studies MH - Male MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Internet Use/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Telephone MH - Pandemics MH - *Health Status MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Interviews as Topic PMC - PMC13686413 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aged OT - COVID-19 OT - Coronavirus Infections OT - Health Surveys OT - Pandemics COIS- Conflicts of interest: None to declare. EDAT- 2026/10/25 03:36 MHDA- 2026/10/25 03:37 PMCR- 2026/07/24 CRDT- 2026/10/24 10:38 PHST- 2025/02/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/25 03:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/24 10:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1590/S2237-96222026v35e20250021.en [doi] PST - epublish SO - Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2026 Jul 24;35:e20250021. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222026v35e20250021.en. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42905886 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261022 IS - 1809-452X (Electronic) IS - 1516-4446 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 21 TI - Protective Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on Post-Infection Visuospatial Deficits. LID - 10.47626/1516-4446-2026-4853 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 has been associated with persistent cognitive deficits months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccination reduces severe disease, but its effect on post-infection cognition remains uncertain. We evaluated whether COVID-19 vaccination attenuates cognitive deficits after SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We assessed 237 adults with COVID-19 and 105 controls. Patients were grouped by vaccination status at infection (vaccinated n=87; unvaccinated n=150). The neuropsychological assessment covered language, visuospatial ability, visual memory, verbal memory, attention, executive functions, and working memory. Group differences were tested with Aligned Rank Transform ANOVA with Holm-corrected post hoc comparisons, adjusting for education. RESULTS: Significant group differences were observed in visuospatial ability and visual memory, assessed with the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (Copy, Immediate and Delayed Recall) (all p < 0.001). The vaccinated group outperformed the unvaccinated group (p = 0.022) on visuospatial performance. The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test Copy did not differ significantly among participants vaccinated with CoronaVac, AstraZeneca, or Pfizer. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that COVID-19 vaccination may mitigate post-infection visuospatial deficits, reinforcing the importance of immunization in preventing cognitive sequelae associated with the disease. FAU - da Silva, Lucas Gomes AU - da Silva LG AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Fini, Bruna Carmeni Di AU - Fini BCD AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Oliveira, Jordano Cesar Milagres AU - Oliveira JCM AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Rosa, Daniela Valadao AU - Rosa DV AD - National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Costa, Danielle de Souza AU - Costa DS AD - National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - de Miranda, Debora Marques AU - de Miranda DM AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Romano-Silva, Marco Aurelio AU - Romano-Silva MA AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - de Paula, Jonas Jardim AU - de Paula JJ AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. LA - eng GR - CNPq/Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico/Brazil GR - FAPEMIG/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais/Brazil GR - Decit/SECTICS/MS/Departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia do Ministerio da Saude/Brazil GR - CAPES/Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/Brazil PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261021 PL - Brazil TA - Braz J Psychiatry JT - Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) JID - 100895975 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cognitive dysfunction OT - neuropsychological tests OT - post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome OT - spatial processing COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/22 23:29 MHDA- 2026/10/22 23:29 CRDT- 2026/10/22 18:44 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/22 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/22 18:44 [entrez] AID - 10.47626/1516-4446-2026-4853 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Braz J Psychiatry. 2026 Oct 21. doi: 10.47626/1516-4446-2026-4853. PMID- 42900956 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261020 IS - 1809-452X (Electronic) IS - 1516-4446 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 20 TI - Protective Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on Post-Infection Visuospatial Deficits. LID - 0.47626/1516-4446-2026-4853 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 has been associated with persistent cognitive deficits months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccination reduces severe disease, but its effect on post-infection cognition remains uncertain. We evaluated whether COVID-19 vaccination attenuates cognitive deficits after SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We assessed 237 adults with COVID-19 and 105 controls. Patients were grouped by vaccination status at infection (vaccinated n=87; unvaccinated n=150). The neuropsychological assessment covered language, visuospatial ability, visual memory, verbal memory, attention, executive functions, and working memory. Group differences were tested with Aligned Rank Transform ANOVA with Holm-corrected post hoc comparisons, adjusting for education. RESULTS: Significant group differences were observed in visuospatial ability and visual memory, assessed with the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (Copy, Immediate and Delayed Recall) (all p < 0.001). The vaccinated group outperformed the unvaccinated group (p = 0.022) on visuospatial performance. The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test Copy did not differ significantly among participants vaccinated with CoronaVac, AstraZeneca, or Pfizer. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that COVID-19 vaccination may mitigate post-infection visuospatial deficits, reinforcing the importance of immunization in preventing cognitive sequelae associated with the disease. FAU - da Silva, Lucas Gomes AU - da Silva LG AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Fini, Bruna Carmeni Di AU - Fini BCD AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Oliveira, Jordano Cesar Milagres AU - Oliveira JCM AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Rosa, Daniela Valadao AU - Rosa DV AD - National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Costa, Danielle de Souza AU - Costa DS AD - National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - de Miranda, Debora Marques AU - de Miranda DM AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Romano-Silva, Marco Aurelio AU - Romano-Silva MA AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - de Paula, Jonas Jardim AU - de Paula JJ AD - Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology for Responsible Neurotechnology (INCT-NeurotecR), School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. LA - eng GR - CNPq/Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico/Brazil GR - FAPEMIG/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais/Brazil GR - Decit/SECTICS/MS/Departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia do Ministerio da Saude/Brazil GR - CAPES/Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/Brazil PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261020 PL - Brazil TA - Braz J Psychiatry JT - Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) JID - 100895975 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cognitive dysfunction OT - neuropsychological tests OT - post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome OT - spatial processing COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/20 23:29 MHDA- 2026/10/20 23:29 CRDT- 2026/10/20 17:14 PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/20 23:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/20 23:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/20 17:14 [entrez] PST - aheadofprint SO - Braz J Psychiatry. 2026 Oct 20. PMID- 42881804 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261020 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Sep 22 TI - Self-Rated Health and Persistent Symptoms Among Adults Reporting Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/jcm15197342 [doi] LID - 7342 AB - Background/Objectives: Health self-assessment captures perceived physical and psychological well-being. This study described current and recalled pre-infection health ratings, persistent symptoms, and sociodemographic and clinical correlates among adults reporting previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 120 adults was conducted at University Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Lublin, Poland, and online between January and April 2026. An author-designed questionnaire assessed sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, current and recalled pre-infection general health, and symptoms following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30) assessed current psychological symptoms. Both general health ratings were obtained in the same survey. Bivariate analyses used non-parametric tests and chi-square tests, with p < 0.05 as the nominal significance threshold. Results: Very good health was reported by 44.2% when recalling pre-infection health and by 28.3% for current health. Current health ratings were associated with age, education, employment, financial situation, and reported disease severity (all p < 0.001). The most commonly reported current complaints were fatigue/weakness (30.8%), cognitive disturbances ('brain fog'; 17.5%), and dyspnoea (16.7%). Mean normalised GHQ-30 domain scores were 37.1/100 for anxiety and depression, 39.0/100 for general functioning, and 30.5/100 for interpersonal relationships. Poorer financial situation and more COVID-19 hospitalisations showed small positive correlations with poorer GHQ-30 scores (R = 0.19-0.27). Vaccine dose count showed a small correlation with general functioning (R = 0.18; p = 0.045). Conclusions: Current health was rated less favourably than recalled pre-infection health in this sample. Recall bias, selection effects, and unmeasured or uncontrolled confounding prevent attribution of this difference to infection. The exploratory associations do not establish independent risk factors, clinical diagnoses, or population prevalence. FAU - Weber, Dorota AU - Weber D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7616-789X AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation in Lublin, 20-209 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Luczyk, Robert Jan AU - Luczyk RJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0889-6326 AD - Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Siedlce, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland. FAU - Pacian, Anna AU - Pacian A AD - Department of Health Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Brus, Patrycja AU - Brus P AD - Department of Health Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Sikora, Kamil AU - Sikora K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0965-5172 AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Internal Nursing, Chair of Preventive Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Luczyk, Marta AU - Luczyk M AD - Long-Term Care Nursing Department, Chair of Preventive Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Ul. Chodzki 7, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Charuta, Anna AU - Charuta A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9778-9391 AD - Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Siedlce, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260922 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13665166 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - general health questionnaire OT - persistent symptoms OT - psychological distress OT - self-rated health COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:32 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:33 PMCR- 2026/09/22 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:01 PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15197342 [pii] AID - jcm-15-07342 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15197342 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Sep 22;15(19):7342. doi: 10.3390/jcm15197342. PMID- 42863757 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261020 IS - 1469-0691 (Electronic) IS - 1198-743X (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 13 TI - Circulating SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in acute COVID-19 disease and post-COVID condition. LID - S1198-743X(26)00495-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cmi.2026.08.045 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to determine the clinical significance of circulating plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA across acute COVID-19 and post-COVID condition (PCC) by investigating prevalence, determinants, and kinetics in a large longitudinal cohort, accounting for hospitalization and vaccination. METHODS: We consecutively enrolled individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Acute COVID-19 was classified as mild, severe, or critical per WHO criteria. PCC was assessed 3 months after symptom onset, and plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA (RNAemia) was quantified during acute infection (T0) and at follow-up (T1) by RT-qPCR. Associations between RNAemia and acute disease severity or PCC were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. RNAemia was analysed as tertiles, binary detectability, and continuous levels. RESULTS: A total of 442 individuals with COVID-19 were included, of whom 195 (44.1%) had mild disease, 161 (36.4%) had severe illness, and 86 (19.5%) had critical illness. At a median of 3.2 (interquartile range, 2.7-3.9 months) months from symptom onset, 184 of 442 patients were followed up, and 144 of 184 (78.3%) reported at least one persistent symptom compatible with PCC, most commonly asthenia (22.9%), myalgic pain (26.4%), brain fog (19.4%), dyspnoea (31.3%), and cough (42.4%). RNAemia was detected in 67.4% of participants at baseline and in 53.6% at follow-up. RNAemia in the II-III tertiles or any detectable RNAemia was associated with critical COVID-19. Neither baseline nor follow-up RNAemia was associated with PCC, and results were unchanged in a sensitivity analysis excluding vaccinated individuals. RNAemia trajectories were not associated with PCC, PCC clusters, or upper respiratory tract viral clearance. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia was closely linked to acute COVID-19 severity but showed no association with PCC or PCC phenotype, which were assessed at 3 months from symptom onset in a cohort predominantly experiencing severe COVID-19 and hospitalization during acute infection. This dissociation may suggest that viral RNA in the peripheral blood is primarily involved in acute pathogenesis, whereas PCC likely arises from distinct biological mechanisms. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Rovito, Roberta AU - Rovito R AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Terracciano, Laura AU - Terracciano L AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - De Pinto, Giuseppe AU - De Pinto G AD - Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro" Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Acampora, Claudia AU - Acampora C AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Limonta, Marta AU - Limonta M AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Santoro, Andrea AU - Santoro A AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Sala, Valentina AU - Sala V AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Augello, Matteo AU - Augello M AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Tincati, Camilla AU - Tincati C AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bravi, Francesca AU - Bravi F AD - Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro" Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Marchetti, Giulia Carla AU - Marchetti GC AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: giulia.marchetti@unimi.it. CN - EuCARE study group LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261013 PL - England TA - Clin Microbiol Infect JT - Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases JID - 9516420 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - PCC phenotype OT - Post-COVID condition (PCC) OT - RNAemia OT - SARS-CoV-2 EDAT- 2026/10/13 00:16 MHDA- 2026/10/13 00:16 CRDT- 2026/10/12 19:37 PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 00:16 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/12 19:37 [entrez] AID - S1198-743X(26)00495-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cmi.2026.08.045 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Clin Microbiol Infect. 2026 Oct 13:S1198-743X(26)00495-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2026.08.045. PMID- 42841133 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261007 LR - 20261008 IS - 1980-5764 (Print) IS - 2764-4863 (Electronic) IS - 1980-5764 (Linking) VI - 20 DP - 2026 TI - Prior COVID-19 vaccination and cognitive outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a mini-review. PG - e20260494 LID - 10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2026-0494 [doi] LID - e20260494 AB - COVID-19 infection has been frequently associated with cognitive deficits that persist for months after the acute phase, but the impact of vaccination on preventing these deficits remains uncertain. Evidence suggests that immunization reduces the incidence and severity of post-COVID symptoms, yet few studies have evaluated its influence on cognition using objective measures. To address this gap, a mini-review was conducted using a systematic search strategy, following PRISMA recommendations where applicable, with a protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025636772). Searches were carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases, and eligible studies were those that assessed cognition using objective measures and compared vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals at the time of infection. A total of 1,796 records were identified, of which only five met the inclusion criteria. The included studies varied considerably in cognitive assessment tools, study designs, and sample sizes. Four of the five studies found no association between prior vaccination and cognitive deficits, whereas the only study that identified a subtle difference among individuals who had received at least two doses of the vaccine had a substantially larger sample than all the others combined. Methodological inconsistencies in cognitive assessment, variability in the definitions of vaccination status, and the lack of stratification by specific cognitive domains limit the interpretation of the current findings. Although vaccination may play a role in protecting against cognitive deficits following COVID-19 infection, the evidence remains limited and inconclusive. Further studies with standardized definitions of vaccination status and comprehensive objective assessments are needed to clarify this relationship. FAU - da Silva, Lucas Gomes AU - da Silva LG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7314-1977 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Neurotecnologia Responsavel, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. FAU - Oliveira, Jordano Cesar Milagres AU - Oliveira JCM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8723-7251 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Neurotecnologia Responsavel, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. FAU - Fini, Bruna Carmeni Di AU - Fini BCD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3382-5186 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Neurotecnologia Responsavel, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. FAU - Porto, Aline Arantes AU - Porto AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8281-6729 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Neurotecnologia Responsavel, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. FAU - Costa, Danielle de Souza AU - Costa DS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6883-5133 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Neurotecnologia Responsavel, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. FAU - de Miranda, Debora Marques AU - de Miranda DM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7081-8401 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Neurotecnologia Responsavel, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. FAU - Romano-Silva, Marco Aurelio AU - Romano-Silva MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6558-4639 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Neurotecnologia Responsavel, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. FAU - de Paula, Jonas Jardim AU - de Paula JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5530-2346 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Neurotecnologia Responsavel, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20261002 PL - Brazil TA - Dement Neuropsychol JT - Dementia & neuropsychologia JID - 101506587 PMC - PMC13641761 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognition OT - Memory Disorders OT - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome OT - Vaccination. COIS- Disclosure: There is no conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/10/07 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/07 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/02 CRDT- 2026/10/07 11:00 PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/07 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/07 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/07 11:00 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2026-0494 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Dement Neuropsychol. 2026 Oct 2;20:e20260494. doi: 10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2026-0494. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42836482 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261009 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Immune checkpoint inhibition enhances memory T-cell responses to CEF(T), SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. PG - 2742035 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2026.2742035 [doi] LID - 2742035 AB - An extensive body of clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that immune checkpoint blockade can invigorate recall immune responses. This phenomenon has previously been highlighted using ex vivo (healthy donor) and in vivo (immunotherapy patients) models of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) administration that demonstrate an enhancement of the T-cell response to concomitant small-molecule drugs. However, the immunological and clinical impact of ICI therapy pre-ceding vaccination, where robust antigen-specific immunogenicity is essential, remains poorly defined. In this study, we utilized an ex vivo assay to evaluate lymphocyte recall responses within peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) derived from healthy donors and patients pre- and post-immunotherapy following exposure to SARS-CoV-2 derived peptides and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. In line with the anticipated effects of the primary pharmacology of immune checkpoint inhibitors, we outline an acute increase in proliferation and cytokine and cytolytic molecule secretion following immune checkpoint blockade in response to CEF(T), wild-type SARS-CoV-2 spike pools 1 and 2, and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Future studies are needed to evaluate the clinical correlates of the veracity of such responses with protection and incidence of adverse events. FAU - Grice, Sophie AU - Grice S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8355-4233 AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Gardner, Joshua AU - Gardner J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4520-108X AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Thomson, Paul AU - Thomson P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5431-0459 AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Hering, Luisa AU - Hering L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5736-8725 AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - MacDonald, Lonnie AU - MacDonald L AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Collins, Stacey AU - Collins S AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Turtle, Lance AU - Turtle L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0778-1693 AD - Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Carr, Daniel F AU - Carr DF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8028-4282 AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Olsson-Brown, Anna AU - Olsson-Brown A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7721-5817 AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Sussex Cancer Centre, University Hospitals Sussex, Brighton, UK. FAU - Hammond, Sean AU - Hammond S AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - ApconiX, Alderley Edge, UK. FAU - Naisbitt, Dean J AU - Naisbitt DJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4107-7832 AD - Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261006 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology/drug effects MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory/drug effects MH - Female MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Male MH - *T-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC13644633 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Immune checkpoint inhibitor OT - T-cells OT - cytokines OT - immunotherapy OT - vaccines COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/10/06 11:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:32 PMCR- 2026/10/06 CRDT- 2026/10/06 07:55 PHST- 2026/10/06 11:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 07:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2742035 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2026.2742035 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2026 Dec;22(1):2742035. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2026.2742035. Epub 2026 Oct 6. PMID- 42750672 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260917 LR - 20260918 IS - 2589-0042 (Electronic) IS - 2589-0042 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Sep 18 TI - Memory B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people with heart and lung transplantation: Identification of associated clinical factors. PG - 117428 LID - 10.1016/j.isci.2026.117428 [doi] LID - 117428 AB - Solid organ transplant recipients (SOT) have shown impaired immune responses to infection and vaccination. Here, serological data collected in heart and lung transplant recipients after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed using dimensionality reduction, clustering algorithms and statistical methods to define factors associated with immune responsiveness. Transplanted organ type, bivalent Omicron-adapted vaccine administration, and immunosuppressive regimen were associated with distinct serological profiles. These factors were associated with significant differences in the RBD-specific memory B cell (MBC) responses. Indeed, a lower frequency of MBC recognizing both wild-type and Omicron BA.2 RBD was detected in lung versus heart transplant recipients. Administration of the bivalent Omicron-adapted fifth dose was associated with the modulation of RBD-specific MBC phenotypes, and the mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) treatment was associated with significantly lower humoral and MBC responses in heart transplant recipients. This work identifies factors associated with vaccine-induced immune responses in SOT recipients, useful to inform tailored vaccination strategies. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). FAU - Coppola, Chiara AU - Coppola C AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Costagli, Simone AU - Costagli S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Montesi, Giorgio AU - Montesi G AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Lucchesi, Simone AU - Lucchesi S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Polvere, Jacopo AU - Polvere J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Lippi, Arianna AU - Lippi A AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Pierguidi, Fabio AU - Pierguidi F AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Montagnani, Francesca AU - Montagnani F AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fabbiani, Massimiliano AU - Fabbiani M AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Bernazzali, Sonia AU - Bernazzali S AD - Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Bennett, David AU - Bennett D AD - Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Medaglini, Donata AU - Medaglini D AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Mycobacteriology and Cell Response to Infection Programme, Department of Cell Therapies, Hematology and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Ciabattini, Annalisa AU - Ciabattini A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260907 PL - United States TA - iScience JT - iScience JID - 101724038 PMC - PMC13577873 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - clustering analysis OT - memory B cell profiling OT - omicron-adapted vaccines OT - solid organ transplant recipients COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/17 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/17 05:36 PMCR- 2026/09/07 CRDT- 2026/09/17 04:39 PHST- 2025/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/17 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/17 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/17 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2589-0042(26)02806-3 [pii] AID - 117428 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.isci.2026.117428 [doi] PST - epublish SO - iScience. 2026 Sep 7;29(9):117428. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.117428. eCollection 2026 Sep 18. PMID- 42718410 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260912 IS - 2398-502X (Print) IS - 2398-502X (Electronic) IS - 2398-502X (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2024 TI - SARS-CoV-2 memory response in non-hospitalised cases: immunology in the context of a population-based cohort study. PG - 580 LID - 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22942.2 [doi] LID - 580 AB - BACKGROUND: The study of non-hospitalised COVID-19 cases provides a context for improved understanding of the immune response to existing and new infections. Population-based cohorts provide a unique opportunity to do this in relation to rich longitudinal pre- and pan-pandemic data. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective population-based cohort study which recruited pregnant women in 1990-1992 and has subsequently followed participants for over 30 years. METHODS: A study comprising three clinic visits was implemented, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, amongst ALSPAC participants to measure SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral and cellular responses longitudinally. Here we present data from the first clinic in December 2020 before the start of the UK vaccination campaign and examine associations with a set of exemplar pre- and pan-pandemic health factors. RESULTS: We observed humoral and cellular memory immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in mild cases of COVID-19 up to 9 months post-infection. Symptomatic infection elicited a memory immune response of greater magnitude, though there was variation in response in both asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. We examined health factors associated with severe COVID-19 and found that cardio-metabolomic, respiratory and immune-related health factors associate with a memory immune response of higher magnitude. For example, in older participants (mean age 58 years), higher BMI was associated with an immune memory response of greater magnitude, particularly with anti-S and anti-N binding antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: We set out to illustrate the use of cohort studies to deliver detailed immunological data and to provide example analyses of how life course health factors can be examined in relation to the immune response following a widespread and novel infection. We expanded this assessment to include longitudinally assessed traits, opening up the potential for the more common use of longitudinal population studies for the better understanding the aetiology of infection outcome. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Mitchell RE et al. FAU - Mitchell, Ruth E AU - Mitchell RE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3506-160X AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Kibble, Milla AU - Kibble M AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK. AD - Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, England, UK. FAU - Santopaolo, Marianna AU - Santopaolo M AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Milodowski, Emily AU - Milodowski E AD - Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, England, UK. FAU - Baum, Holly E AU - Baum HE AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Francis, Ore AU - Francis O AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, England, UK. FAU - Halliday, Alice AU - Halliday A AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Oliver, Elizabeth AU - Oliver E AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Hitchings, Benjamin AU - Hitchings B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5248-9061 AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Thomas, Amy C AU - Thomas AC AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Ring, Susan M AU - Ring SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3103-9330 AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Ho, Karen AU - Ho K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3478-9751 AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Northstone, Kate AU - Northstone K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0602-1983 AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Entwistle, Katrina AU - Entwistle K AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-7166-8318 AD - Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, England, UK. FAU - Morales-Aza, Begonia AU - Morales-Aza B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4760-543X AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Oliver, Jennifer AU - Oliver J AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Goenka, Anu AU - Goenka A AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK. FAU - Davidson, Andrew AU - Davidson A AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Finn, Adam AU - Finn A AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK. FAU - Wooldridge, Linda AU - Wooldridge L AD - Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, England, UK. FAU - Rivino, Laura AU - Rivino L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6213-9794 AD - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, England, UK. FAU - Timpson, Nicholas J AU - Timpson NJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7141-9189 AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. AD - MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260613 PL - England TA - Wellcome Open Res JT - Wellcome open research JID - 101696457 PMC - PMC13550896 OAB - Although SARS-CoV-2 infections have resulted in severe disease, hospitalisation and death for millions globally during the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of infections have been mild or asymptomatic. In this study, we examine the immune responses of people unvaccinated and with mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and see how these responses are associated with their health prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Study participants were all part of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), with ages ranging from 27 to 70. We found evidence suggesting that cardio-metabolomic, respiratory and immune-related health associates with a memory immune response of higher magnitude. These associations remained when adjusting for symptom status. Whilst only exemplar associations were examined here, relationships suggest that whilst morbidity may be correlated with immune response, life course health factor associations with immunological response potentially exist in addition to this and may be connected to infection outcomes. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - ALSPAC OT - COVID-19 OT - Memory immune response OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- No competing interests were disclosed. EDAT- 2026/09/10 11:53 MHDA- 2026/09/10 11:54 PMCR- 2026/06/13 CRDT- 2026/09/10 05:51 PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:54 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/10 11:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:51 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22942.2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Wellcome Open Res. 2026 Jun 13;9:580. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22942.2. eCollection 2024. PMID- 42705227 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260907 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) DP - 2026 Sep 7 TI - Twenty-year persistence of SARS-CoV-1 immune imprinting shapes antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. LID - S1074-7613(26)00346-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.08.009 [doi] AB - Antibody imprinting is well recognized, yet its long-term dynamics and epitope specificity remain poorly understood. Here, we studied individuals sequentially infected with SARS-CoV-1 (SARS-1) and SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-2) over two decades and found durable imprinting of antibody responses following SARS-2 BF.7 breakthrough infection. Approximately 60% of isolated monoclonal antibodies were SARS-1 imprinted and targeted conserved receptor-binding domain regions, whereas 37% overcame imprinting to recognize the SARS-2 receptor-binding motif overlapping the ACE2-binding site. Notably, some SARS-1-only antibodies retained germline-like features and neutralizing activity 20 years after infection. One exceptionally imprinted broadly neutralizing antibody, THZ937, protected hamsters against contact and airborne transmission of Omicron EG.5.1, demonstrating the functional relevance of durable imprinted antibodies. Together, these findings define the remarkable longevity and molecular basis of antibody imprinting and provide insights for pan-sarbecovirus vaccine design. CI - Copyright (c) 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Zhang, Qi AU - Zhang Q AD - Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address: zhangqi2013@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn. FAU - Chen, Peng AU - Chen P AD - Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Guo, Fenglin AU - Guo F AD - The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Zhou, Runhong AU - Zhou R AD - AIDS Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. FAU - Guo, Ruihan AU - Guo R AD - Helixon, No. 1 Yard, Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, 100089 Beijing, China. FAU - Ge, Xiaofei AU - Ge X AD - Health and Wellness, City University of Macau, Macau 999078, China. FAU - Yang, Qianqian AU - Yang Q AD - Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Xie, Xin AU - Xie X AD - Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Xia, Wei AU - Xia W AD - Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. FAU - Fan, Junping AU - Fan J AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100730, China. FAU - Yang, Ziqing AU - Yang Z AD - Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Xu, Yan AU - Xu Y AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100730, China. FAU - Huang, Huiyu AU - Huang H AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100730, China. FAU - Li, Jinqian AU - Li J AD - Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Wang, Han AU - Wang H AD - Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Liao, Huiyu AU - Liao H AD - Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. FAU - Shi, Xuanling AU - Shi X AD - Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. FAU - Liu, Na AU - Liu N AD - AIDS Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. FAU - Chen, Yuting AU - Chen Y AD - AIDS Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. FAU - Chen, Zhiwei AU - Chen Z AD - AIDS Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Electronic address: zchenai@hku.hk. FAU - Ma, Jianzhu AU - Ma J AD - The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for AI Industry Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address: majianzhu@tsinghua.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Xinquan AU - Wang X AD - The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address: xinquanwang@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Tong AU - Zhang T AD - Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. Electronic address: zt_doc@ccmu.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Linqi AU - Zhang L AD - Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China. Electronic address: zhanglinqi@tsinghua.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260907 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-1 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody imprinting OT - antigenic divergence OT - conserved epitope OT - long-lived memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibody OT - sarbecoviruses COIS- Declaration of interests L.Z., Q.Z., P.C., and X.S. are co-inventors on antibody patents. EDAT- 2026/09/07 23:34 MHDA- 2026/09/07 23:34 CRDT- 2026/09/07 18:41 PHST- 2025/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/07 23:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/07 23:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/07 18:41 [entrez] AID - S1074-7613(26)00346-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.08.009 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Immunity. 2026 Sep 7:S1074-7613(26)00346-8. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.08.009. PMID- 42675735 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260901 LR - 20261014 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 35 DP - 2026 Aug 28 TI - Long-term adverse effects following COVID-19 vaccination: A comparative analysis of Oxford AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, and Moderna vaccines. PG - e50282 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050282 [doi] LID - e50282 AB - During the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccinations were highly beneficial to public health, preventing disease and reducing mortality. This study aimed to investigate long-term adverse clinical symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination with the Oxford AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Oxford), Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2), and Moderna (mRNA-1273) vaccines. In this cross-sectional study, the total number of participants was 429; among them, 243 (56.6%) were male, and 186 (43.4%) were female. An online Google Form was prepared in both Arabic and English and distributed to participants who received the Oxford AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, and Moderna vaccines. The most common long-term adverse effects reported after COVID-19 vaccination were chronic fatigue, impaired cognitive function, and menstrual irregularity. The Moderna vaccine had a higher self-reported symptom rate among male participants (50-61.5%) than among female participants (33.3-28%). Chronic fatigue was more frequent among Oxford AstraZeneca recipients (34.7%) than among Moderna (22.2%) and Pfizer-BioNTech (27.7%) recipients. The second dose was associated with slightly higher rates of chronic fatigue among Oxford AstraZeneca recipients (38.9%) than among Moderna (25%) and Pfizer-BioNTech recipients (27.3%). For cognitive problems, the prevalence was similar across all brands (25%). Menstrual irregularity was slightly higher among females who received Pfizer-BioNTech (14.8%) than among Oxford AstraZeneca recipients (18.9%). The highest proportion of recipients who were infected after vaccination was among those who received the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine (46.3%). In conclusion, the most commonly reported long-term adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccination were chronic fatigue, cognitive impairment, and menstrual irregularity. Further large-scale studies are required to provide more conclusive evidence. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. FAU - Aldali, Jehad A AU - Aldali JA AD - Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Meo, Sultan Ayoub AU - Meo SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9820-1852 AD - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - EPK39PL4R4 (2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/adverse effects MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - BNT162 Vaccine/adverse effects MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273/adverse effects MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Fatigue/epidemiology PMC - PMC13529125 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Moderna OT - Oxford AstraZeneca OT - Pfizer-BioNTech OT - adverse symptoms COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/09/01 05:41 MHDA- 2026/09/01 05:42 PMCR- 2026/08/28 CRDT- 2026/09/01 01:01 PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/01 05:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/01 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202608280-00067 [pii] AID - MD-D-26-08262 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000050282 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Aug 28;105(35):e50282. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050282. PMID- 42628376 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260909 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 131 DP - 2026 Sep TI - Role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in humoural and CD8(+) T-cell memory responses following BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination: a preclinical mouse study. PG - 106432 LID - S2352-3964(26)00316-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106432 [doi] LID - 106432 AB - BACKGROUND: The Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus vaccine (BNT162b2) was among the first nanoparticle-based vaccines approved by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and demonstrated 95% efficacy against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Despite its success, the precise immune mechanism behind its effectiveness remains poorly understood. This study investigated the early immune responses occurring in the draining lymph node (dLN) following vaccination. METHODS: A well-established murine vaccination model was used to investigate the distribution and immunological effects of BNT162b2 in vivo. Vaccine trafficking to the dLN, cellular uptake, and spike protein expression were assessed following immunisation. Single-cell transcriptomic analyses and functional in vivo experiments were performed to identify the immune cell populations involved in orchestrating vaccine-induced responses and to characterise their interactions with adaptive immune cells. FINDINGS: BNT162b2 was rapidly transported to the dLN, where it was predominantly captured by leukocytes that subsequently expressed the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Among these cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) emerged as regulators involved in both inflammatory and humoural immune responses. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling revealed active interactions between pDCs and CD8(+) T cells. Functional in vivo studies further demonstrated that pDCs promoted CD8(+) T-cell activation and expansion, indicating an involvement in shaping adaptive immunity following vaccination. INTERPRETATION: These findings identify pDCs as antigen-presenting cells involved in coordinating the immune response to BNT162b2. By regulating both innate and adaptive immune pathways and facilitating CD8(+) T-cell activation, pDCs appear to play a functional role in the efficacy of this mRNA vaccine. This study provides additional insights into the immunological processes underlying mRNA vaccine-induced protection and may inform the future design and optimisation of mRNA-based immunotherapies and vaccines. FUNDING: Swiss National Science Foundation, Leonardo Foundation. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Pizzichetti, Chiara AU - Pizzichetti C AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Latino, Irene AU - Latino I AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Virgilio, Tommaso AU - Virgilio T AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Capucetti, Arianna AU - Capucetti A AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Chahine, Kamil AU - Chahine K AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Cascione, Luciano AU - Cascione L AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Moro, Simone G AU - Moro SG AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Bilato, Giorgia AU - Bilato G AD - Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy; Unit of Molecular Pathology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy. FAU - Brugger, Melanie AU - Brugger M AD - Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhausern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Kozarac, Nedim AU - Kozarac N AD - Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhausern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Pulfer, Alain AU - Pulfer A AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Renner, Louis AU - Renner L AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Thakur, Roshan S AU - Thakur RS AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Benarafa, Charaf AU - Benarafa C AD - Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhausern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Legler, Daniel F AU - Legler DF AD - Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology Thurgau (BITG) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland; Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany. FAU - Gonzalez, Santiago F AU - Gonzalez SF AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. Electronic address: santiago.gonzalez@irb.usi.ch. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260821 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Dendritic Cells/immunology/metabolism MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - Mice MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Vaccination MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology/virology MH - Female MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/genetics/metabolism MH - Lymph Nodes/immunology MH - Humans MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL PMC - PMC13524885 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - CD8+ T cells OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Plasmacytoid dendritic cells OT - SARS-CoV2-immunity OT - mRNA vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/08/21 23:37 MHDA- 2026/09/09 23:36 PMCR- 2026/08/21 CRDT- 2026/08/21 18:06 PHST- 2025/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 23:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 23:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 18:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(26)00316-6 [pii] AID - 106432 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106432 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2026 Sep;131:106432. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106432. Epub 2026 Aug 21. PMID- 42625910 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260821 LR - 20260828 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Differential functional immune recall across homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens. PG - 1921846 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1921846 [doi] LID - 1921846 AB - INTRODUCTION: Understanding how different COVID-19 vaccine combinations shape long-term immunity is essential for improving durability and guiding booster strategies. Despite extensive characterization of neutralizing antibodies, long-term memory B and T cell responses after homologous and heterologous vaccination regimens remain poorly understood. METHODS: In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 50 individuals were analyzed 12 months after completion of a homologous two-dose primary COVID-19 vaccination series and had received a single booster dose (12-month follow-up). Participants initially received BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, or CoronaVac as the primary vaccination series, followed by either a homologous booster or a heterologous BNT162b2 booster (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 and CoronaVac/BNT162b2). Unvaccinated individuals served as controls. B cell phenotypes were assessed using flow cytometry, while B and T cell recall responses were determined using ELISpot. IgG levels and cytokine/chemokine/growth factor profiles were evaluated using ELISA and Bio-Plex multiplex before and after in vitro stimulation. RESULTS: The homologous BNT162b2 vaccination regimen exhibited significantly higher frequencies of memory B cells recognizing the ancestral (Wuhan strain-derived) SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein compared to the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, CoronaVac, and unvaccinated controls. The CoronaVac/BNT162b2 vaccination regimen demonstrated significantly elevated RBD-specific IgG+ memory B cells and higher stimulated IgG levels, together with the highest IFN-gamma-producing T cell responses. Homologous CoronaVac and CoronaVac/BNT162b2 vaccination regimens showed broader cytokine activation, including IL-6, IL-9, IL-15, TNF-alpha, and other cytokines. IL-6 levels were positively associated with memory B cell frequencies, suggesting a potential association with memory B cell differentiation and maintenance. DISCUSSION: Different vaccination regimens were associated with distinct long-term cellular immune profiles under real-world conditions, with both homologous BNT162b2 and heterologous CoronaVac/BNT162b2 vaccination regimens maintaining robust memory B cell signatures and functional recall responses. The results highlight how priming combinations shape the durability and quality of immune memory, supporting the potential utility of mixed-platform booster strategies for sustaining long-term immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Che-Kamaruddin, Johari, Yahaya, Zainal, Nguyen, Hontz, Letizia and AbuBakar. FAU - Che-Kamaruddin, Naim AU - Che-Kamaruddin N AD - Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. AD - Institute for Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Johari, Jefree AU - Johari J AD - Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Yahaya, Hasmawati AU - Yahaya H AD - Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Zainal, Nurhafiza AU - Zainal N AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Nguyen, Huy C AU - Nguyen HC AD - U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit INDO PACIFIC, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Hontz, Robert D AU - Hontz RD AD - U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit INDO PACIFIC, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Letizia, Andrew G AU - Letizia AG AD - U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit INDO PACIFIC, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - AbuBakar, Sazaly AU - AbuBakar S AD - Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20260806 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Female MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Cytokines PMC - PMC13490157 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 booster vaccination OT - SARS-CoV-2 immunity OT - cellular immune responses OT - heterologous vaccination strategies OT - memory B cells COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/21 11:39 MHDA- 2026/08/21 11:40 PMCR- 2026/08/06 CRDT- 2026/08/21 05:35 PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/21 11:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/21 05:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1921846 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2026 Aug 6;17:1921846. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1921846. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42599142 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260814 IS - 1758-2032 (Electronic) IS - 1758-2024 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 14 TI - Incidence and clinical characteristics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis during the post-COVID-19 Period: a population-based study from Isfahan, Iran. PG - 1-8 LID - 10.1080/17582024.2026.2718409 [doi] AB - AIMS: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Understanding the underlying causes would help further studies on the pathogenesis and treatments. Recent interest has emerged in evaluating whether the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination have any influence on the epidemiological patterns of ALS. MATERIALS & METHODS: To assess this association in Isfahan, Iran, during the post-COVID-19 era, we conducted this retrospective study. Newly diagnosed ALS cases were identified, and demographic data, environmental exposures, comorbidities, vaccination history, and other aspects were collected. RESULTS: A total of 63 patients were diagnosed with definite ALS, yielding an incidence rate of 0.74 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI: 0.57-0.94). The mean age was 59.7 +/- 11.6 years, and cases were predominantly male (73%). Of the 63 new ALS-diagnosed cases, 45% of patients reported probable prior COVID-19 infection, and 95.3% mentioned at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Bulbar signs, including facial muscle weakness, tongue atrophy, and fasciculation, were present in 46% of cases, and emotional lability and cognitive decline were observed in 20.6%. CONCLUSION: We showed a probable relation between COVID-19 infection and the epidemiology of ALS in post-COVID era. However, our results and symptom alterations require further investigation. FAU - Etemadifar, Masoud AU - Etemadifar M AD - Neurology Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Salari, Mehri AU - Salari M AD - Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Kashefi, Mohammadamin AU - Kashefi M AD - School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Shams, Yalda AU - Shams Y AD - Neurology Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Heydari Sichani, Mohammadamin AU - Heydari Sichani M AD - Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Hojjatipour, Fatemeh AU - Hojjatipour F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1861-7063 AD - Neurology Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260814 PL - England TA - Neurodegener Dis Manag JT - Neurodegenerative disease management JID - 101517977 SB - IM OAB - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare and serious disease that causes the nerve cells controlling movement to gradually stop working. Because ALS has no cure, understanding when and how it appears in the community is important for improving care and planning future research.Since the COVID-19 pandemic affected many body systems, including the brain and immune system, some people have wondered whether COVID-19 infection or vaccination might influence the development of ALS. To explore this question, we studied all new ALS cases diagnosed in Isfahan Province, Iran, between May 2023 and December 2024. This is the first study to examine ALS patterns in this region after the pandemic.We identified 63 new patients with definite ALS. The number of new cases was higher than the rate reported in Isfahan before the pandemic, suggesting that COVID-19 changed how often ALS occurs in this population. Almost half of the patients reported a previous COVID-19 infection, and most had received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose, which reflects the high vaccination rate in the general population. We did not find evidence that infection or vaccination affected the type or severity of ALS symptoms.However, many patients showed bulbar symptoms (such as speech or swallowing problems) and some had cognitive changes at diagnosis, which highlights the need for early evaluation and support.Overall, our findings show that ALS patterns in Isfahan have changed after the COVID-19 pandemic, and continued monitoring is important. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis OT - COVID-19 OT - Iran OT - epidemiology OT - vaccination EDAT- 2026/08/14 12:16 MHDA- 2026/08/14 12:16 CRDT- 2026/08/14 09:42 PHST- 2026/08/14 12:16 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/14 12:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/14 09:42 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/17582024.2026.2718409 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Neurodegener Dis Manag. 2026 Aug 14:1-8. doi: 10.1080/17582024.2026.2718409. PMID- 42590004 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260813 LR - 20260815 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 15 DP - 2026 Jul 28 TI - Determinants and Consequences of Long Impact of COVID-19: A National Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia. LID - 10.3390/jcm15155902 [doi] LID - 5902 AB - Background: The post-acute consequences of prolonged Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection are a major public health problem characterized by long-lasting, multisystem manifestations. There is limited evidence from Saudi Arabia, particularly from nationally representative studies using standard case definitions. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Long COVID, characterize its symptoms, identify risk factors, and assess disease burden and healthcare utilization among Saudi adults. Methods: Between June 2023 and December 2024, we conducted a national cross-sectional mixed-methods study among 1790 adults with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection in all 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. Long COVID was defined using the WHO consensus case definition (symptoms persisting >/= 3 months post-infection not attributable to alternative diagnoses). Results: The prevalence of Long COVID was 32.0% (95% CI 29.8-34.3). The most common symptoms were fatigue (68%), dyspnea (45%), and cognitive impairment (39%). Independent predictors included female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.3), moderate-to-severe acute infection (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 2.0-3.1), incomplete vaccination (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1), metabolic disorders (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1), and obesity (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-1.9). Among Long COVID patients, 41% required specialty care and 12% reported work disability. Conclusions: Long COVID affects approximately one-third of COVID-19 survivors in Saudi Arabia, imposing a significant healthcare and socioeconomic burden. These findings highlight the need for swift action and policy implementation within the health care system to mitigate long-term consequences. FAU - Alshomrani, Abdulaziz AU - Alshomrani A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6225-9574 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha P.O. Box 67976, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hussaini, Anum S AU - Hussaini AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0761-3718 AD - Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Miskeen, Elhadi AU - Miskeen E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6853-3004 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha P.O. Box 67976, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng GR - Ub-11-1442/Deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260728 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13467125 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 sequelae OT - chronic fatigue OT - cognitive dysfunction OT - population health OT - post-acute COVID-19 COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/13 05:35 MHDA- 2026/08/13 05:36 PMCR- 2026/07/28 CRDT- 2026/08/13 01:06 PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/13 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/13 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15155902 [pii] AID - jcm-15-05902 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15155902 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Jul 28;15(15):5902. doi: 10.3390/jcm15155902. PMID- 42568479 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260808 LR - 20260826 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Conserved CD4 T-cell responses correlate with antibody neutralization in solid organ transplant recipients after bivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. PG - 1856861 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1856861 [doi] LID - 1856861 AB - INTRODUCTION: Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza require reformulation due to viral evolution. It remains unclear how vaccination against evolving antigens influences T-cell responses and the impact of reformulation on T-cell responses to new variants in immunocompromised hosts. Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) had significantly lower antibody levels following vaccination and required repeated boosting during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: With the introduction of the Omicron spike (S) to the bivalent mRNA vaccines in 2022, the relative contribution of T-cell responses cross-reactive for Omicron mutated S sequences was assessed via intracellular cytokine staining using peptide pools containing conserved or mutated S sequences. RESULTS: S-specific CD4 T cells recognize both conserved and Omicron mutated S sequences pre- and post-bivalent vaccination, even in the absence of evidence of prior infection as detected by T-cell responses to a novel peptide pool. CD4 T-cell responses to both conserved and Omicron mutated sequences correlated with antibody pseudo-neutralization of BA.5 S. Importantly, pre-bivalent conserved S CD4 T-cell responses significantly correlated with antibody pseudo-neutralization of BA.5 S post-bivalent. DISCUSSION: These results emphasize the importance of conserved and cross-reactive responses in vaccine immunogenicity, providing a mechanism through which repeated boosting enhances vaccine immunogenicity in SOTRs and other immunocompromised populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Stavrakis, Roznik, Stoddart, Johnston, Panda, Hage, Teles, Eby, Werbel, Tobian, Milstone, Sette, Grifoni, Karaba, Thompson and Cox. FAU - Stavrakis, Georgia AU - Stavrakis G AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Roznik, Katerina AU - Roznik K AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Stoddart, Laila AU - Stoddart L AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Johnston, T Scott AU - Johnston TS AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Panda, Snigdha AU - Panda S AD - Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Hage, Camille AU - Hage C AD - Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Teles, Aura T AU - Teles AT AD - Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Eby, Yolanda AU - Eby Y AD - Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Werbel, William A AU - Werbel WA AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Tobian, Aaron A R AU - Tobian AAR AD - Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Milstone, Aaron M AU - Milstone AM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United States. AD - Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Karaba, Andrew H AU - Karaba AH AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Thompson, Elizabeth A AU - Thompson EA AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Cox, Andrea L AU - Cox AL AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. LA - eng GR - U54 CA260492/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI109565/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI138897/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K08 AI156021/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 AI157893/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260724 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (BNT162b5) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/genetics MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - Vaccination MH - Organ Transplantation MH - Transplant Recipients MH - Immunocompromised Host MH - BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - Cross Reactions MH - BNT162b5 PMC - PMC13447162 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - T cells OT - immunocompromised OT - memory OT - vaccines COIS- AS reported shares of Sandoz Group, Alcon Inc., Sanofi, Eurofin, EuroApi, Merck, Amgen, Johnson and J.; has received honoraria in 2023 from Roche, Flowpharma, Gritstone Bio, Moderna and Rivervest. LJI has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T-cell epitope and vaccine design work. WW reported receiving consulting fees from and serving on the advisory boards of AstraZeneca and Novavax; consulting fees from US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Infectious Diseases Society of America. AHK reports consulting fees from Hologic and GSK. AC reported equity in AssayQuant Technologies, Inc., consulting fees from Eradivir, Inc. and XARNA Medicine, and patent: Use of Consensus Sequences as Vaccine Antigen to Enhance Recognition of Virulent Viral Variants US Patent Number: 8,168,771. The remaining author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/08 12:52 MHDA- 2026/08/08 12:53 PMCR- 2026/07/24 CRDT- 2026/08/08 05:05 PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/08 12:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/08 12:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/08 05:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1856861 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2026 Jul 24;17:1856861. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1856861. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42543573 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260803 IS - 1884-2836 (Electronic) IS - 1344-6304 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jul 31 TI - Long COVID symptom trajectories according to post-COVID-19 vaccination status: a prospective longitudinal study. LID - 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2026.021 [doi] AB - Long COVID remains a substantial public health challenge, and the relationship between post-COVID-19 vaccination and symptom persistence remains uncertain. This prospective longitudinal study evaluated long COVID symptom trajectories according to post-COVID-19 vaccination status. Adult patients who were unvaccinated at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis were followed at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months and categorized according to vaccination status. Symptom Tool (ST) and Impact Tool (IT) scores and SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels were assessed longitudinally. A total of 59 patients (mean age 43.1+/-14.1 years; 45.8% male) were included, of whom eight were vaccinated. The most frequently reported symptoms were memory problems, fatigue, brain fog, word-finding difficulties, and excessive sweating. Baseline characteristics were broadly comparable between groups. ST and IT scores decreased significantly over time in the overall cohort; however, no statistically significant association between vaccination status and symptom trajectories was identified. SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels were higher among vaccinated participants but were not associated with symptom burden. Given the small sample size and substantial group imbalance, the study is underpowered and the findings should be interpreted cautiously. Larger prospective studies are needed to better clarify the relationship between post-COVID-19 vaccination and long COVID outcomes. FAU - Benli, Aysun AU - Benli A AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. FAU - Ala Selek, Selva AU - Ala Selek S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bagcilar Training and Education Hospital, Turkey. FAU - Basaran, Seniha AU - Basaran S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. FAU - Simsek Yavuz, Serap AU - Simsek Yavuz S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. FAU - Mese, Sevim AU - Mese S AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. FAU - Cagatay, Atahan AU - Cagatay A AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. FAU - Oncul, Oral AU - Oncul O AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. FAU - Ozsut, Halit AU - Ozsut H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. FAU - Onel, Mustafa AU - Onel M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. FAU - Agacfidan, Ali AU - Agacfidan A AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. FAU - Eraksoy, Haluk AU - Eraksoy H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260731 PL - Japan TA - Jpn J Infect Dis JT - Japanese journal of infectious diseases JID - 100893704 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibody OT - COVID-19 OT - Long COVID OT - SARS-CoV-2 IgG OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccine EDAT- 2026/08/03 06:36 MHDA- 2026/08/03 06:36 CRDT- 2026/08/03 00:53 PHST- 2026/08/03 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/03 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:53 [entrez] AID - 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2026.021 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Jpn J Infect Dis. 2026 Jul 31. doi: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2026.021. PMID- 42543244 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260802 IS - 1476-8321 (Electronic) IS - 0887-0446 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 2 TI - Predicting parents' COVID-19 vaccination intentions and behavior for their children: application of an integrated social cognition model. PG - 1-34 LID - 10.1080/08870446.2026.2707302 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Identifying modifiable determinants of parent-for-child vaccination may inform interventions for ongoing management of infectious diseases including COVID-19. We tested an integrated theoretical model in which social cognition constructs (coping appraisals, anticipated regret, moral norms) mediated effects of dispositional constructs (political orientation, conspiracy beliefs, vaccine hesitancy) on parent-for-child COVID-19 vaccination intention and behaviour. METHODS AND MEASURES: In a prospective correlational study, US parents (N = 497) with an unvaccinated child completed political orientation, conspiracy beliefs, vaccine hesitancy, and social cognition construct measures referring to COVID-19 vaccination for their child. Parents reported their vaccination behaviour for their child five weeks later. RESULTS: Consistent with predictions, we observed indirect effects of political orientation and vaccination hesitancy on intentions mediated by coping efficacy, anticipated regret, and moral norms, and sums of indirect effects of political orientation, conspiracy beliefs, and vaccine hesitancy on intention mediated by social cognition constructs. We also observed a sum of indirect effects of vaccine hesitancy on behaviour. CONCLUSION: Findings contribute to an evidence base for the effects of dispositional and social cognition constructs of parent-for-child COVID-19 vaccination intentions and behaviour and signal a candidate mechanism. Findings may provide formative evidence for developing interventions to manage childhood COVID-19 infection rates. FAU - Griffith, Zoe M AU - Griffith ZM AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, USA. FAU - Royer, Zoe AU - Royer Z AD - Department of Psychology, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, California, USA. FAU - Gaffney, Amber M AU - Gaffney AM AD - Department of Psychology, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, California, USA. FAU - Hagger, Martin S AU - Hagger MS AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, USA. AD - Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, USA. AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. AD - School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260802 PL - England TA - Psychol Health JT - Psychology & health JID - 8807983 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Social cognition theory OT - dispositional-belief-motivation model OT - psychological determinants OT - theory integration EDAT- 2026/08/03 00:35 MHDA- 2026/08/03 00:35 CRDT- 2026/08/02 22:22 PHST- 2026/08/03 00:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/02 22:22 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/08870446.2026.2707302 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Psychol Health. 2026 Aug 2:1-34. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2026.2707302. PMID- 42522246 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 1600-065X (Electronic) IS - 0105-2896 (Print) IS - 0105-2896 (Linking) VI - 341 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug TI - The Role of CD4 T Cell Repertoire and Immune Memory Mechanisms in Vaccination and Infection Immunity. PG - e70148 LID - 10.1111/imr.70148 [doi] LID - e70148 AB - CD4(+) T cells orchestrate adaptive immunity against respiratory viruses through functionally distinct subsets, yet the qualitative differences between vaccine- and infection-induced responses remain incompletely understood. This review summarizes current evidence on how CD4(+) T cell subsets shape the magnitude, breadth, and durability of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. mRNA vaccines elicit a potent Th1/Tfh1-biased response that generates high-affinity neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic CD4(+) T cells (CD4-CTLs) with stem-cell memory properties. However, this strong type I bias may come at the cost of long-term maintenance of humoral memory. Natural infection additionally establishes tissue-resident memory CD4(+) T cells (CD4 TRMs) at respiratory mucosal surfaces, providing a frontline defense that current intramuscular vaccines fail to recapitulate efficiently. Crucially, this T cell immunity proves far more resilient than neutralizing antibodies against Variants of Concern, as many memory T cell epitopes from the ancestral strain are conserved across successive variants, a robustness further reinforced by pre-existing cross-reactive CD4(+) T cells primed through prior seasonal coronavirus exposure or influenza infection. These observations argue for a fundamental shift in vaccine design toward mucosal delivery and conserved-epitope antigens to achieve durable, broadly cross-reactive protection. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Immunological Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Kubo, Masato AU - Kubo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7867-3086 AD - Immunomonitoring Center (KIC) Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba, Japan. AD - Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS), RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. LA - eng GR - 19gm1310002/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)/ GR - 25K10403/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Immunol Rev JT - Immunological reviews JID - 7702118 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Animals MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - *Influenza, Human/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *Influenza Vaccines/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Memory T Cells/immunology PMC - PMC13416234 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T follicular helper (Tfh) OT - cytotoxic CD4+ T cells (CD4-CTL) OT - cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) OT - helper T cells (Th) OT - influenza virus OT - memory CD4+ T cells (Tm) OT - variants of concern (VOC) COIS- The author declares no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/29 06:35 MHDA- 2026/07/29 18:39 PMCR- 2026/07/29 CRDT- 2026/07/29 02:13 PHST- 2026/07/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/29 18:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/29 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/29 02:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IMR70148 [pii] AID - 10.1111/imr.70148 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunol Rev. 2026 Aug;341(1):e70148. doi: 10.1111/imr.70148. PMID- 42513511 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260729 LR - 20260813 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 14 DP - 2026 Jul 16 TI - The Burden of Long-COVID-19 Among Pediatric Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. LID - 10.3390/jcm15145597 [doi] LID - 5597 AB - Background/Objectives: There is wide variability in the available estimates on the burden of Long-COVID (LC), both among adults and children. Preliminary evidence suggests that this inconsistency may be due, at least in part, to the adoption of uneven diagnostic criteria, proposed by several international entities during the course of the pandemic, but no comprehensive evaluation has been performed so far to quantify the extent of variation among children. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to update the available epidemiological estimates of LC among pediatric subjects, and to systematically appraise the degree of variability that can be attributed to the diagnostic criteria adopted. Methods: A systematic literature search identified cohort studies providing data on LC among children and adolescents with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. We computed (a) proportion and (b) head-to-head meta-analyses (a) to quantify the pooled rates of LC and LC-related symptoms, and (b) to assess the likelihood of developing LC based upon selected demographic and/or clinical characteristics, respectively. Results: In total, 52 cohort studies and 960,089 subjects were included. The pooled rate of LC was 18.1% (95% CI: 13.1-23.6), ranging from 16.2% to 21.6%, according to NIH or WHO diagnostic criteria, respectively. Fatigue, respiratory and neurological symptoms were most commonly reported by LC patients. Stratified analyses showed that females, adolescents (vs. children), subjects with comorbidities, and those with a previous severe COVID-19 (as compared to asymptomatic primary infections) were more likely to develop LC (all p < 0.05). In contrast, the likelihood of LC onset did not significantly vary between individuals with >/=1 anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose, versus the unvaccinated (pooled OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.61-1.41). Conclusions: Although the available estimates may largely vary depending on the adopted definition, LC affects a meaningful proportion of the pediatric population; as such, common clinical criteria and diagnostic approaches are urgently needed. Moreover, given the relevant methodological heterogeneity and the generally poor-to-fair quality of a large part of the available literature, high-quality studies adopting standardized methodologies are warranted to identify at-risk populations and guide the implementation of targeted follow-up strategies. FAU - Cioni, Giovanni AU - Cioni G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-0035-1101 AD - Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Calo', Giovanna Letizia AU - Calo' GL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-0058-1850 AD - Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Kerpaci, Borana AU - Kerpaci B AD - Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Troia, Anastasia AU - Troia A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-4770-5838 AD - Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Gregori, Natalia AU - Gregori N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0929-5090 AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40138 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Manzoli, Lamberto AU - Manzoli L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8129-9344 AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40138 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Flacco, Maria Elena AU - Flacco ME AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1404-4314 AD - Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260716 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC13413068 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Long-COVID OT - Long-COVID symptoms OT - adolescents OT - children OT - meta-analysis OT - post COVID-19 condition (PCC) OT - post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/28 06:37 MHDA- 2026/07/28 06:38 PMCR- 2026/07/16 CRDT- 2026/07/28 01:15 PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/28 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/28 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm15145597 [pii] AID - jcm-15-05597 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm15145597 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2026 Jul 16;15(14):5597. doi: 10.3390/jcm15145597. PMID- 42506641 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260727 LR - 20260813 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul 9 TI - Evaluating Memory B Cell Cross-Reactivity Between Ancestral and Future SARS-CoV-2 Variants-Evidence for Original Antigenic Sin. LID - 10.3390/vaccines14070604 [doi] LID - 604 AB - Background: Despite the circulation of evolutionarily related cold-causing coronaviruses (CCCs) in the pre-COVID era, most individuals lacked pre-existing serum IgG and/or class-switched memory B cell (B(mem)) reactivity for the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) glycoprotein expressed by the ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 (WH1) strain. Subsequent priming of the immune system through natural infection or prophylactic COVID-19 mRNA vaccination successfully generated robust B(mem) responses against the WH1-S antigen, along with eliciting cross-reactivity for the future Omicron (BA.1) variant responsible for breakthrough infections (BTIs). However, to what extent immunological imprinting of B(mem) towards the WH1-S antigen detrimentally constrains the elicitation of variant-specific antibody responses following subsequent booster vaccinations or BTIs-a phenomena referred to as "original antigenic sin"-remains an unresolved and open question. Methods: Using ImmunoSpot((R)), we evaluated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from defined human cohorts for IgG(+) ASC reactivity against Spike proteins representing CCCs and SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, we developed a novel dual-label inverted FluoroSpot assay to distinguish between strain-specific and cross-reactive IgG(+) ASCs recognizing epitopes in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants. Results: Our data demonstrate a lack of appreciable back-boosting of IgG(+) B(mem) recognizing structurally conserved epitopes shared between CCCs and SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, we found evidence for immunological imprinting and the preferential expansion of B(mem) recognizing cross-reactive epitopes in the RBD following BTI. Nevertheless, Omicron strain-specific B(mem) were detected in PBMC donors collected in 2025. Conclusions: Our novel inverted dual-label FluoroSpot methodology evidenced preferential expansion of cross-reactive B(mem) following breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection and supports the influence of original antigenic sin shaping the recall response. Moreover, the inverted dual-label assay provides a highly flexible and easily implementable technique for distinguishing between strain-specific and cross-reactive B cell responses and has broad applications in translational vaccine research against pathogens that undergo antigenic drift. FAU - Yao, Lingling AU - Yao L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3134-8630 AD - Research and Development, Cellular Technology Ltd. (CTL), Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Megyesi, Zoltan AU - Megyesi Z AD - CTL Software Ltd., Vago str. 2, H-6000 Kecskemet, Hungary. FAU - Lehmann, Paul V AU - Lehmann PV AD - Research and Development, Cellular Technology Ltd. (CTL), Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Kirchenbaum, Greg A AU - Kirchenbaum GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6463-7623 AD - Research and Development, Cellular Technology Ltd. (CTL), Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC13417495 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ELISPOT OT - antigenic imprinting OT - antigenic seniority OT - high-content analysis OT - immune monitoring OT - immunological memory OT - vaccine COIS- P.V.L. is a co-founder of Cellular Technology Limited (CTL), a company that specializes in immune monitoring by ImmunoSpot((R)). Z.M. and G.A.K. are current employees of CTL. L.Y. is a former employee of CTL. This study was funded by CTL, and the funder directed the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of this article, and made the decision to submit it for publication. EDAT- 2026/07/27 12:36 MHDA- 2026/07/27 12:37 PMCR- 2026/07/09 CRDT- 2026/07/27 09:43 PHST- 2026/06/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/27 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/27 09:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines14070604 [pii] AID - vaccines-14-00604 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines14070604 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2026 Jul 9;14(7):604. doi: 10.3390/vaccines14070604. PMID- 42498786 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260724 LR - 20260813 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 24 TI - JN.1-adapted vaccination is associated with readjustment of ancestral memory B cells toward neutralization within the JN.1 antigenic space. LID - 10.1038/s41467-026-76035-z [doi] LID - 7266 AB - The antigenic drift of SARS-CoV-2 toward the JN.1 lineage has prompted the development of variant-adapted COVID-19 booster vaccines. However, these boosters are thought to primarily recall pre-existing memory B cells (MBC), raising concerns about their ability to realign the immune response in highly pre-exposed populations. Here we analyze antibody and B cell responses in pre-exposed individuals (n = 42; median 4.5 prior COVID-19 vaccinations; 90% with at least one prior SARS-CoV-2 infection) following vaccination with a JN.1-adapted mRNA vaccine. Vaccination is associated with increased IgG binding and enhanced neutralization of JN.1 and related descendant variants. Longitudinal profiling of antigen-specific MBC shows that Wu01-only and Wu01/JN.1 cross-reactive cells remain dominant, while JN.1-only cells modestly increase by day 21. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of antigen-specific MBC in a representative sub-cohort (n = 7), combined with functional monoclonal antibody analyses, demonstrates that somatic hypermutation (SHM) drives intra-clonotype specialization toward improved JN.1 binding and neutralization. These findings indicate maturation of pre-existing, class-switched MBC rather than substantial de novo recruitment of naive B cells. In conclusion, JN.1-adapted booster vaccination is associated with refinement of pre-existing MBC repertoires toward the JN.1 antigenic space and with enhanced neutralization of contemporary and antigenically proximate variants. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Stankov, Metodi V AU - Stankov MV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3001-2478 AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Bruhn, Matthias AU - Bruhn M AD - Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Hoffmann, Markus AU - Hoffmann M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4603-7696 AD - Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Gottingen, Germany. FAU - Salam, Abdus AU - Salam A AD - Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Eichmann, Amy AU - Eichmann A AD - Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Gottingen, Germany. FAU - Nehlmeier, Inga AU - Nehlmeier I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8752-7491 AD - Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Gottingen, Germany. FAU - Manthey, Luis A AU - Manthey LA AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Witte, Torsten AU - Witte T AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Pohlmann, Stefan AU - Pohlmann S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6086-9136 AD - Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Gottingen, Germany. AD - Faculty of Biology and Psychology, Georg-August-University Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany. FAU - Ahrenstorf, Gerrit AU - Ahrenstorf G AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Happle, Christine AU - Happle C AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. AD - Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. AD - Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. FAU - Dopfer-Jablonka, Alexandra AU - Dopfer-Jablonka A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7129-100X AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Kalinke, Ulrich AU - Kalinke U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0503-9564 AD - Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. AD - Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Behrens, Georg M N AU - Behrens GMN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3111-621X AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. Behrens.georg@mh-hannover.de. AD - Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. Behrens.georg@mh-hannover.de. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany. Behrens.georg@mh-hannover.de. AD - Center for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), Hannover, Germany. Behrens.georg@mh-hannover.de. LA - eng SI - Dataset DOI/PRJNA1431958 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260724 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology/genetics MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Vaccination MH - Antigens, Viral/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory PMC - PMC13400639 COIS- Competing interests: M.V.S., M.B., M.H., U.K. and G.M.N.B. are listed as co-inventors on a patent application encompassing monoclonal antibodies generated in this study (European Patent Application No. 25 210 459.1). The remaining authors (A.S., A.E., I.N., L.A.M., T.W., S.P., G.A., C.H., A.D.-J.) declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/25 00:35 MHDA- 2026/07/25 00:36 PMCR- 2026/07/24 CRDT- 2026/07/24 23:16 PHST- 2025/08/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/25 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/24 23:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-026-76035-z [pii] AID - 76035 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-026-76035-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2026 Jul 24;17(1):7266. doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-76035-z. PMID- 42478837 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260812 LR - 20260815 IS - 2150-7511 (Electronic) VI - 17 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug 12 TI - Mucosal boosting of chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine encoding SARS-CoV-2 RBD-heterodimer provides robust protection in mice. PG - e0146426 LID - 10.1128/mbio.01464-26 [doi] LID - e01464-26 AB - The major route of COVID-19 vaccination currently is via intramuscular injection. Data from clinical trials and real-world studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in preventing severe illness and death caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, its protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission in situ remains relatively low. Given that SARS-CoV-2, especially the Omicron variant and its sub-variants, primarily infects and replicates in the human upper respiratory tract, mucosal immune responses are crucial for preventing viral infection. Therefore, we constructed a chimpanzee adenovirus (AdC68)-vectored vaccine expressing the Delta-XBB receptor-binding domain (RBD)-dimer and comprehensively compared the immune responses induced by intramuscular injection, intranasal administration, or aerosol inhalation. Our results revealed that aerosol inhalation of the recombinant AdC68 vaccine induced robust systemic and mucosal immune responses and immune memory, particularly activating memory T cells in the lungs with a long duration in the mouse model. Additionally, we assessed long-term protection against a SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1 challenge after ~6 months following a booster vaccination with AdC68-Delta-XBB via different immunization routes. We found that, compared with the intramuscular route, aerosol inhalation provided significantly better protection, without detectable replicating virus in the nasal tissue. This study demonstrates that the AdC68-Delta-XBB vaccine induces robust mucosal immune responses via aerosol inhalation vaccination and prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection in mucosa.IMPORTANCEImmunity induced by first-generation COVID-19 vaccines administered by intramuscular injection is highly effective against severe disease and death but is limited in its ability to prevent viral infection and transmission. A more cost-effective and practical vaccine delivered by the respiratory route is needed to better understand mucosal immune responses and to assess protective efficacy. This study evaluated the immune responses and protective efficacy elicited by intramuscular injection, intranasal administration, or aerosol inhalation of AdC68-Delta-XBB in a mouse model and demonstrated that the aerosol inhalation approach is particularly advantageous for robustly stimulating both systemic and mucosal immune responses. These findings will help guide future clinical development and provide a basis for developing vaccines against other respiratory pathogens. FAU - Liu, Xueyuan AU - Liu X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-4319-0568 AD - School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. ROR: https://ror.org/0207yh398 FAU - An, Yaling AU - An Y AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/034t30j35 FAU - Duan, Huixin AU - Duan H AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/034t30j35 FAU - Shao, Fei AU - Shao F AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/034t30j35 FAU - Xu, Ke AU - Xu K AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/04wktzw65 FAU - Yang, Chenxi AU - Yang C AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/034t30j35 FAU - Xu, Senyu AU - Xu S AD - Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/05qbk4x57 FAU - Zhou, Xuemei AU - Zhou X AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/034t30j35 FAU - Duan, Minrun AU - Duan M AD - College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China. RINGGOLD: 12664. ROR: https://ror.org/02c9qn167 FAU - Zheng, Tianyi AU - Zheng T AD - Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. RINGGOLD: 26441. ROR: https://ror.org/00a2xv884 FAU - Sun, Shiyu AU - Sun S AD - College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China. RINGGOLD: 12664. ROR: https://ror.org/02c9qn167 FAU - Yang, Mengjie AU - Yang M AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/04wktzw65 FAU - Cai, Kun AU - Cai K AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/04wktzw65 FAU - Liu, William J AU - Liu WJ AD - Strategic Pandemic Preparedness Action and Research Center (SPARC), Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. RINGGOLD: 612039. ROR: https://ror.org/03ybmxt82 FAU - Zhou, Dongming AU - Zhou D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5989-7591 AD - Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical University, Tianjin, China. FAU - Xu, Kun AU - Xu K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9762-5001 AD - Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. RINGGOLD: 53024. ROR: https://ror.org/034t30j35 FAU - Dai, Lianpan AU - Dai L AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/034t30j35 FAU - Wang, Shuo AU - Wang S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5383-3386 AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/034t30j35 FAU - Liu, Peipei AU - Liu P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8374-9823 AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/04wktzw65 FAU - Ma, Wei AU - Ma W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8092-3280 AD - School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. ROR: https://ror.org/0207yh398 FAU - Gao, George F AU - Gao GF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3869-615X AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/034t30j35 AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China. ROR: https://ror.org/04wktzw65 AD - Strategic Pandemic Preparedness Action and Research Center (SPARC), Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. RINGGOLD: 612039. ROR: https://ror.org/03ybmxt82 LA - eng GR - 2020YFA0907100/National Key R&D Program of China/ GR - 2018113/Chinese Academy of Sciences/ GR - 2023YFC2307604/National Key R&D Program of China/ GR - 2021YFC2302600/National Key R&D Program of China/ GR - YSBR-010/Chinese Academy of Sciences/ GR - 2023000CA0020/Beijing Life Science Academy/ GR - 2022QNRC001/Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST/ GR - 82202030/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - INV-027420/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States GR - INV-027420/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/ GR - GZB20230818/Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (CPSF)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260721 PL - United States TA - mBio JT - mBio JID - 101519231 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Mice MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology/genetics MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *Immunity, Mucosal MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage/genetics MH - Female MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/genetics MH - Injections, Intramuscular MH - Administration, Intranasal MH - Genetic Vectors MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Pan troglodytes MH - *Adenoviruses, Simian/genetics MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory PMC - PMC13463698 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adenovirus-vectored vaccine OT - aerosol inhalation OT - memory T cells OT - mucosal immune responses COIS- T.Z., Kun Xu, L.D., and G.F.G. are listed in the patent as the inventors of the RBD heterodimer as a coronavirus vaccine. EDAT- 2026/07/21 12:35 MHDA- 2026/08/12 11:38 PMCR- 2026/07/21 CRDT- 2026/07/21 09:13 PHST- 2026/08/12 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/21 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/21 09:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - mbio01464-26 [pii] AID - mbio.01464-26 [pii] AID - 10.1128/mbio.01464-26 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - mBio. 2026 Aug 12;17(8):e0146426. doi: 10.1128/mbio.01464-26. Epub 2026 Jul 21. PMID- 42442360 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261013 LR - 20261015 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 59 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct 13 TI - Nasal immunity in respiratory viral infection, transmission, and protection. PG - 2623-2642 LID - S1074-7613(26)00262-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.011 [doi] AB - The nasal mucosa plays key roles in protecting against airborne pathogens as the major barrier to the airway. Catalyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic, recent studies focusing on nasal immunity have begun to elucidate how epithelial and immune cells work in concert to fight viral infection, reduce spread to the lower airways, and limit onward transmission. Technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing and air-liquid interface models are enabling high-resolution views of the cell states and responses that dictate infection resolution and memory formation. Here, we review our current understanding of the cells of the nasal mucosa at homeostasis and their responses during and following viral infection in mice and humans. We discuss emerging correlates of protection before and after exposure, noting the differences between infection and intramuscular vaccination. Finally, we examine novel intranasal vaccination strategies and propose approaches to program tissue-scale memory into the nose to prevent disease and viral spread. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kazer, Samuel W AU - Kazer SW AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. FAU - Walsh, Jaclyn M L AU - Walsh JML AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Juttukonda, Lillian J AU - Juttukonda LJ AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Ordovas-Montanes, Jose AU - Ordovas-Montanes J AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. Electronic address: jose.ordovas-montanes@childrens.harvard.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 DE031928/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL162642/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 HD098061/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260713 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Animals MH - *Nasal Mucosa/immunology/virology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/transmission/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunity, Mucosal MH - Mice MH - Vaccination MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *Respiratory Tract Infections/immunology/transmission MH - Administration, Intranasal PMC - PMC13372208 MID - NIHMS2188826 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cell networks OT - epithelial biology OT - immunity OT - nose OT - tissue memory OT - vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests J.O.-M. reports compensation for consulting services from Tessel Biosciences, Radera Biotherapeutics, and Passkey Therapeutics. S.W.K. reports compensation for consulting services from Radera Biotherapeutics. J.M.L.W. reports compensation for employment at Genentech that is unrelated to this work. EDAT- 2026/07/14 04:10 MHDA- 2026/10/13 23:35 PMCR- 2026/07/16 CRDT- 2026/07/13 18:41 PHST- 2025/08/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/14 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/13 18:41 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(26)00262-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.011 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2026 Oct 13;59(10):2623-2642. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.011. Epub 2026 Jul 13. PMID- 42426643 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261006 LR - 20261008 IS - 1471-2318 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2318 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 9 TI - Strict long COVID, symptom persistence, and functional decline among community-dwelling older adults in Quito, Ecuador: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12877-026-07976-9 [doi] LID - 1256 AB - BACKGROUND: Long COVID is an increasingly recognized health concern in older adults, yet data from Latin America remain limited. Older adults may be particularly vulnerable to post-COVID sequelae because of frailty, multimorbidity, and reduced physiological reserve. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of strict long COVID among older Ecuadorian adults and to characterize persistent post-COVID symptoms, clinical correlates, and functional/cognitive worsening. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,050 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in Quito, Ecuador. Data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews and cognitive screening. Strict long COVID was defined as symptoms persisting for more than 12 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptoms lasting 4-12 weeks were classified as persistent post-COVID symptoms but were not considered strict long COVID. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with strict long COVID. RESULTS: The mean age was 74.2 +/- 7.5 years, and 565 participants (53.8%) were women. Overall, 191 participants met criteria for strict long COVID, corresponding to a prevalence of 18.2% (95% CI, 16.0-20.6). Persistent post-COVID symptoms lasting 4-6 weeks and 7-12 weeks were reported by 401 (38.2%) and 458 (43.6%) participants, respectively. Participants with strict long COVID had higher frequencies of dyspnea, cognitive impairment, sleep disturbance, myalgia, depression, anxiety, and difficulty sleeping. Functional/cognitive worsening was more frequent among participants with strict long COVID than among those without strict long COVID (53.4% vs. 36.6%; p < 0.001), particularly for walking or climbing stairs. In multivariable analysis, severe or critical acute COVID-19 was independently associated with strict long COVID (adjusted OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.62-3.41; p < 0.001). Female sex, age >/= 81 years, incomplete vaccination, diabetes with organ involvement, hospitalization, and care dependence were not independently associated with strict long COVID. CONCLUSION: Strict long COVID affected nearly one in five older adults with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in Quito, Ecuador. Severe or critical acute COVID-19 was the main factor independently associated with strict long COVID, and affected participants had greater functional/cognitive worsening. These findings support integrating post-COVID screening, functional assessment, and geriatric rehabilitation into primary care for older adults in Latin America. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Gonzalez-Andrade, Fabricio AU - Gonzalez-Andrade F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2091-9095 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Dean's Office of Postgraduate Studies in Health, Indoamerica Technological University, Machala and Sabanilla Street, Quito, 170301, Ecuador. fabriciogonzaleza@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260709 PL - England TA - BMC Geriatr JT - BMC geriatrics JID - 100968548 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ecuador/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Aged MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Male MH - *Independent Living MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/diagnosis/psychology/complications MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology PMC - PMC13640318 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive impairment OT - Ecuador OT - Functional decline OT - Long COVID OT - Older adults OT - Persistent post-COVID symptoms OT - Post-COVID condition OT - Strict long COVID OT - Sustainable development goal 3 OT - Vaccination COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study received approval from the Committee on Ethics in Human Research (CEISH) from Carlos Andrade Marin Specialty Hospital (HCAM) on July 6, 2020, under protocol code IESS-HCAM-CEISH-2020-200-DF, in compliance with national and international research regulations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain identifying images or personal clinical details that could compromise participant anonymity. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/10 06:35 MHDA- 2026/10/06 05:29 PMCR- 2026/07/09 CRDT- 2026/07/10 00:06 PHST- 2026/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/06 05:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/10 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/10 00:06 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12877-026-07976-9 [pii] AID - 7976 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12877-026-07976-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Geriatr. 2026 Jul 9;26(1):1256. doi: 10.1186/s12877-026-07976-9. PMID- 42415697 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 2314-7156 (Electronic) IS - 2314-8861 (Print) IS - 2314-7156 (Linking) VI - 2026 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Dynamics of Circulating Follicular Helper and Regulatory T-Cell Memory Induced by mRNA, Inactivated, and Live-Attenuated Vaccines. PG - e2293380 LID - 10.1155/jimr/2293380 [doi] LID - 2293380 AB - OX40 signaling promotes the differentiation of memory CD4(+) T cells into T follicular helper (Tfh) cells that support germinal center (GC) B-cell responses. Using an extended activation-induced marker (AIM) assay based on OX40 (CD134) and CD25 coexpression, we quantified antigen-specific circulating memory Tfh and T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells following in vitro stimulation with influenza, SARS-CoV-2, or measles antigens. Responses were assessed longitudinally in recipients of inactivated influenza (n = 20) and mRNA COVID-19 (n = 13) vaccines and cross-sectionally in individuals vaccinated with the live-attenuated measles vaccine (n = 8). All three vaccines elicited humoral responses. Functional assays, performed when sufficient cell numbers were available, showed that sorted influenza-specific Tfh cells (OX40(+)CD25(+)CXCR5(+)), cocultured with autologous CD27(+)CD19(+) memory B cells, promoted B-cell expansion and antibody secretion. This was accompanied by increased CXCL13, IL-21, soluble CD40L, and APRIL, consistent with effective T-cell help and B-cell activation. Comparative analyses revealed distinct patterns of follicular immune responses: influenza vaccination induced coordinated Tfh and Tfr responses, whereas mRNA COVID-19 vaccination generated increased Tfh but minimal Tfr cells. At peak response, measles and influenza vaccinees exhibited comparable Tfh and Tfr frequencies, while COVID-19 vaccinees showed similar Tfh but reduced Tfr proportions. Overall, the extended AIM assay represents a practical and minimally invasive approach for simultaneous monitoring of Tfh and Tfr populations in humans, providing a scalable framework to investigate follicular immune balance across vaccination settings. Beyond enabling sensitive detection of antigen-specific memory responses, this approach highlights the importance of assessing both helper and regulatory follicular compartments to better understand vaccine-induced immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 A. China et al. Journal of Immunology Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - China, A AU - China A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6790-4496 AD - U955 -Team 16, Faculty of Medicine, INSERM, Creteil, 94000, France, inserm.fr. AD - Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, 94000, France. AD - Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Creteil, 94000, France, vaccine-research-institute.fr. FAU - Rahman, A AU - Rahman A AD - U955 -Team 16, Faculty of Medicine, INSERM, Creteil, 94000, France, inserm.fr. AD - Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, 94000, France. AD - Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Creteil, 94000, France, vaccine-research-institute.fr. FAU - Hani, L AU - Hani L AD - U955 -Team 16, Faculty of Medicine, INSERM, Creteil, 94000, France, inserm.fr. AD - Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, 94000, France. AD - Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Creteil, 94000, France, vaccine-research-institute.fr. FAU - Kumamoto, M AU - Kumamoto M AD - Laboratory of Precision Immunology, Center for Intractable Disease and ImmunoGenomics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Aging and Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan, osaka-u.ac.jp. FAU - Surenaud, Mathieu AU - Surenaud M AD - U955 -Team 16, Faculty of Medicine, INSERM, Creteil, 94000, France, inserm.fr. AD - Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, 94000, France. AD - Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Creteil, 94000, France, vaccine-research-institute.fr. FAU - Tcherakian, C AU - Tcherakian C AD - Pneumology Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France. AD - Simone Veil Research Unit, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France, uvsq.fr. FAU - Godot, V AU - Godot V AD - U955 -Team 16, Faculty of Medicine, INSERM, Creteil, 94000, France, inserm.fr. AD - Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, 94000, France. AD - Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Creteil, 94000, France, vaccine-research-institute.fr. FAU - Nogimori, T AU - Nogimori T AD - Laboratory of Precision Immunology, Center for Intractable Disease and ImmunoGenomics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan. FAU - Lelievre, J D AU - Lelievre JD AD - U955 -Team 16, Faculty of Medicine, INSERM, Creteil, 94000, France, inserm.fr. AD - Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, 94000, France. AD - Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Creteil, 94000, France, vaccine-research-institute.fr. AD - Henri Mondor Hospital- A. Chenevier, Service Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases Department, Creteil, 94000, France. FAU - Levy, Y AU - Levy Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5549-6256 AD - U955 -Team 16, Faculty of Medicine, INSERM, Creteil, 94000, France, inserm.fr. AD - Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, 94000, France. AD - Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Creteil, 94000, France, vaccine-research-institute.fr. AD - Henri Mondor Hospital- A. Chenevier, Service Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases Department, Creteil, 94000, France. FAU - Tangy, F AU - Tangy F AD - Institut Pasteur - Oncovita Joint Laboratory, Universite de Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Yamamoto, T AU - Yamamoto T AD - Laboratory of Precision Immunology, Center for Intractable Disease and ImmunoGenomics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Aging and Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan, osaka-u.ac.jp. AD - Department of Virology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan, osaka-u.ac.jp. FAU - Seddiki, N AU - Seddiki N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0379-8527 AD - U955 -Team 16, Faculty of Medicine, INSERM, Creteil, 94000, France, inserm.fr. AD - Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, 94000, France. AD - Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Creteil, 94000, France, vaccine-research-institute.fr. AD - Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Inserm, Paris-Saclay University, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France, universite-paris-saclay.fr. AD - Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Comprehensive SEPSIS Center, Paris-Saclay University, Saclay, France, universite-paris-saclay.fr. AD - Immunology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, unsw.edu.au. LA - eng GR - INSERM/University of Paris-Est-Creteil/ GR - 24K02498/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ PT - Journal Article PL - Egypt TA - J Immunol Res JT - Journal of immunology research JID - 101627166 RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Attenuated) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) RN - 0 (Measles Vaccine) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Influenza Vaccines/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Female MH - *T Follicular Helper Cells/immunology MH - Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology MH - Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology MH - *T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology MH - Measles Vaccine/immunology MH - mRNA Vaccines/immunology MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC13342843 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/08 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/08 18:50 PMCR- 2026/07/08 CRDT- 2026/07/08 04:22 PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 18:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/08 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/08 04:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JIMR2293380 [pii] AID - 10.1155/jimr/2293380 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Immunol Res. 2026;2026(1):e2293380. doi: 10.1155/jimr/2293380. PMID- 42404887 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260706 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Mechanisms and impact of long COVID: pathophysiology, neuropsychiatric effects and vaccination. PG - 1710777 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1710777 [doi] LID - 1710777 AB - Long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 is defined as an after-effect of acute COVID-19 infection. Its broad clinical symptoms include brain fog, shortness of breath, fatigue, joint, chest, or muscle pain, dysautonomia and neuropsychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. It is estimated that 1 in every 5 COVID-19 survivors exhibit symptoms within the Long COVID bracket. An array of risk factors such as smoking habit, age, obesity, female sex, and prior hospitalization may increase the probability of a person developing Long COVID. While the underlying mechanisms of Long COVID remain elusive, we examine the various possible pathophysiologies involved in Long COVID. We take up impactful neuropsychiatric issues as another spectrum of Long COVID symptoms and the likely effect of various forms of COVID-19 vaccines. In this review, the focus will be on the main mechanisms associated with the development of long COVID, which include latent Epstein-Barr virus reactivation, molecular mimicry, virus persistence, autoantibodies, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Understanding these mechanisms shed light on the continued persistence of COVID-19 related symptoms long after the resolution of acute infection. For instance, the reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus in the immunocompromised context seen post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection could lead to the symptoms commonly observed in Long COVID such as fatigue and brain fog. The Epstein-Barr virus could possibly disrupt mitochondrial function, explaining the fatigue commonly observed in Long COVID patients. Other factors such as continued presence of viral particles in specific areas such as the gut may result in continued inflammation, leading to manifestations such as fatigue, cognitive impairment and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Additionally, heightened and persistent presence of autoantibodies post-acute infection results in persistent symptoms and could potentially trigger the onset of autoimmune disorders. We also aim to revisit the diverse and prolonged effects of the COVID-19 pandemic that continue to affect the well-being and quality of human life. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Ponnachan, Dhawlarker, Yasmin, Shah, Malhotra, Shastri, Al-Ramadi and Kishore. FAU - Ponnachan, Pretty AU - Ponnachan P AD - Department of Veterinary Medicine (CAVM), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Dhawlarker, Anam AU - Dhawlarker A AD - National Institute of Virology (NIV), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Pune, India. FAU - Yasmin, Hadida AU - Yasmin H AD - Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. FAU - Shah, Akash AU - Shah A AD - Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom. AD - Ashford and St Peter's NHS Foundation Trust, Ashford, United Kingdom. FAU - Malhotra, Aastha AU - Malhotra A AD - Department of Zoology, Hans Raj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India. FAU - Shastri, Abhishek AU - Shastri A AD - Central and North West London National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Al-Ramadi, Basel K AU - Al-Ramadi BK AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. AD - Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. AD - ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Kishore, Uday AU - Kishore U AD - Department of Veterinary Medicine (CAVM), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. AD - Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260619 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/physiopathology/psychology/complications/prevention & control MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Mental Disorders/etiology PMC - PMC13328189 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Epstein-Barr virus OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - autoimmunity OT - complement system OT - immune dysregulation OT - long COVID OT - neuropsychiatric effects COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/06 10:10 MHDA- 2026/07/06 12:42 PMCR- 2026/06/19 CRDT- 2026/07/06 05:40 PHST- 2025/09/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/06 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 10:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/06 05:40 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1710777 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2026 Jun 19;17:1710777. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1710777. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42402260 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260929 LR - 20260930 IS - 1878-3511 (Electronic) IS - 1201-9712 (Linking) VI - 171 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Time to recovery from long COVID: a longitudinal analysis of symptom duration and risk factors using accelerated failure time models. PG - 108963 LID - S1201-9712(26)00598-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108963 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Long COVID comprises heterogeneous symptoms that may persist for months to years after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. While prevalence is well described, less is known about symptom duration and determinants of recovery. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter longitudinal cohort study across 12 institutions in Korea (December 2022-March 2025), enrolling adults with confirmed infection and uninfected controls. Participants were followed for up to 22 months with repeated assessments of symptoms, vaccination, and comorbidities. Eight common symptoms were analyzed. Time to resolution was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods and log-normal accelerated failure time models, adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. Results are reported as time ratios (TRs). RESULTS: Among 757 infected participants and 558 controls, respiratory and physical symptoms resolved similarly between groups, whereas systemic and neurological symptoms persisted longer in infected individuals. At one year, 20-25% reported fatigue and 15-20% sleep disturbance versus approximately 10% and approximately 5% in controls. Infection was associated with approximately 50% longer duration of fatigue and sleep disturbance. Individuals aged 40-59 recovered more slowly; other factors showed minimal associations. CONCLUSION: Persistent long COVID burden is driven by systemic neuro-related symptoms, highlighting the need for targeted, symptom-specific management strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Jo, Youngji AU - Jo Y AD - Departments of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA. FAU - Hu, Zeyu AU - Hu Z AD - Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. FAU - Joo, Hyejin AU - Joo H AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Jaehun AU - Jung J AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Jacob AU - Lee J AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: litjacob@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20260705 PL - Canada TA - Int J Infect Dis JT - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases JID - 9610933 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Fatigue/etiology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/complications/epidemiology MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - Time Factors MH - Sleep Wake Disorders/etiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Accelerated Failure Time OT - Fatigue OT - Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome OT - Republic of Korea OT - Sleep disorder EDAT- 2026/07/06 00:30 MHDA- 2026/09/29 05:30 CRDT- 2026/07/05 19:09 PHST- 2026/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/29 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/06 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/05 19:09 [entrez] AID - S1201-9712(26)00598-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108963 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Oct;171:108963. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108963. Epub 2026 Jul 5. PMID- 42396417 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260703 LR - 20260813 IS - 0019-5545 (Print) IS - 1998-3794 (Electronic) IS - 0019-5545 (Linking) VI - 68 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms in India: Prevalence, risk factors, and persistence. PG - 552-559 LID - 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_946_25 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The global research has actively investigated the post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms (PCNS). There is a paucity of studies from India that explore long-term PCNS. AIM: This study aims to estimate prevalence, types of PCNS, associated factors (sociodemographic factors, life events, COVID-19-related variables, and vaccination status) and persistence of PCNS after two years. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2022 to October 2023 in a tertiary care hospital. A total of 2,281 randomly selected individuals with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-positive for COVID-19 were screened for PCNS. Among 927 participants consented to and completed the telephonic screening for PCNS. Structured clinical interviews for DSM-5-Research Version and World Health Organization-Post-COVID Case Report Form were applied. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Median age of individuals was 34 years, and 51.3% being female. Only 21.6% had lifetime PCNS, and 7.3% had persistent PCNS at two years of COVID-19. The common lifetime PCNS were persistent fatigue (15.6%), reduced smell (5.9%), reduced taste (4.8%), anxiety (4.3%), insomnia (3.6%), depressed mood (2.6%), cognitive symptoms (2.6%), and persistent muscle pain (2.6%). The logistic regression analysis revealed a positive association of lifetime PCNS with female gender, preexisting medical comorbidities, symptomatic COVID-19, oxygen supplementation, repeated infections, and life events. Full or partially vaccinated against COVID-19 appeared to be protective against PCNS. CONCLUSION: About one in five individuals developed lifetime PCNS following COVID. Among them, one in three had persistent PCNS after two years of COVID. Female gender, life events, severity of COVID-19, repeated infection, and Vaccine-naive status were associated with the development of PCNS. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Indian Journal of Psychiatry. FAU - Laha, Poulami AU - Laha P AD - Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Gowda, Guru S AU - Gowda GS AD - Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Moirangthem, Sydney AU - Moirangthem S AD - Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Veenakumari, H B AU - Veenakumari HB AD - Department of Neuro-Microbiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Binukumar, Bhaskarapillai AU - Binukumar B AD - Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Reddi, Venkata Senthil Kumar AU - Reddi VSK AD - Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Thippeswamy, Harish AU - Thippeswamy H AD - Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260620 PL - India TA - Indian J Psychiatry JT - Indian journal of psychiatry JID - 0013255 PMC - PMC13327406 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - neuropsychiatry OT - persistent post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms OT - post-COVID COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/07/03 06:31 MHDA- 2026/07/03 06:32 PMCR- 2026/06/01 CRDT- 2026/07/03 05:31 PHST- 2025/09/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/03 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/03 05:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJPsy-68-552 [pii] AID - 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_946_25 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Psychiatry. 2026 Jun;68(6):552-559. doi: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_946_25. Epub 2026 Jun 20. PMID- 42387343 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260922 LR - 20260924 IS - 1742-4933 (Print) IS - 1742-4933 (Electronic) IS - 1742-4933 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Longitudinal humoral and memory B-cell responses to repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in long-term care facilities residents. LID - 10.1186/s12979-026-00581-9 [doi] LID - 34 AB - BACKGROUND: Long-term care facility (LTCF) residents represent one of the populations most vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection and have experienced repeated vaccination and natural viral exposure since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. The long-term dynamics of humoral and cellular immunity in this population remain incompletely characterized. In this multicenter longitudinal study, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were monitored in LTCF residents over 12 months. A total of 388 residents from LTCF across five Italian regions were enrolled and stratified according to receipt of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 mRNA booster during the 2023-2024 vaccination campaign. In a subgroup of residents, peripheral B-cell phenotypes and Spike-specific memory B cells were characterized by flow cytometry and compared with those of younger healthcare workers vaccinated with the same formulation. RESULTS: Anti-Spike IgG titers peaked in residents who received the XBB.1.5 booster and subsequently declined over time, consistent with contraction of vaccine-induced humoral responses. In contrast, individuals who did not receive the booster maintained lower but stable antibody levels. Anti-nucleocapsid seroconversion and clinically diagnosed intercurrent infections occurred at broadly comparable observed rates in boosted and non-boosted residents, suggesting a comparable incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during follow-up. Regarding B-cell-mediated immunity, LTCF residents exhibited age-associated remodeling of the B-cell compartment, with reduced total B-cell frequencies but preserved antigen-experienced memory populations. Despite declining circulating antibodies, Spike-specific memory B-cell frequencies remained stable. A late increase in anti-Spike titers coincided with rising anti-nucleocapsid seropositivity, suggesting reactivation of immune memory following natural viral exposure. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that repeated vaccination and natural exposure generate durable immunological memory in LTCF residents. In highly exposed populations, immune maintenance may increasingly rely on reactivation of memory responses rather than persistently high antibody titers. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Palmieri, Annapina AU - Palmieri A AD - Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Damiano, Cecilia AU - Damiano C AD - Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Leone, Pasqualina AU - Leone P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sugoni, Chiara AU - Sugoni C AD - B Lymphocytes Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Albano, Christian AU - Albano C AD - B Lymphocytes Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Mortari, Eva Piano AU - Mortari EP AD - B Lymphocytes Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Schiavoni, Ilaria AU - Schiavoni I AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Trevisan, Caterina AU - Trevisan C AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. AD - Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Malara, Alba AU - Malara A AD - ANASTE Humanitas Foundation, Rome, Italy. FAU - Zucchelli, Alberto AU - Zucchelli A AD - Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society,Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Incalzi, Raffaele Antonelli AU - Incalzi RA AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Universita Campus Bio-Medico Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Prato, Rosa AU - Prato R AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Hygiene Unit, Policlinico Foggia Hospital, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FAU - Fortunato, Francesca AU - Fortunato F AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Hygiene Unit, Policlinico Foggia Hospital, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FAU - Baldovin, Tatjana AU - Baldovin T AD - Department of Cardiac,Unit of Hygiene and Public Health, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. FAU - Coin, Alessandra AU - Coin A AD - Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy. FAU - Minchella, Pasquale AU - Minchella P AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit, "Pugliese-Ciaccio" Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Giordano, Stefania AU - Giordano S AD - ANASTE Humanitas Foundation, Rome, Italy. FAU - Palamara, Anna Teresa AU - Palamara AT AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - B Lymphocytes Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Onder, Graziano AU - Onder G AD - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fedele, Giorgio AU - Fedele G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0017-6711 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. giorgio.fedele@iss.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - England TA - Immun Ageing JT - Immunity & ageing : I & A JID - 101235427 PMC - PMC13595613 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ageing OT - B-cell memory OT - Humoral Immunity OT - Long-term Care Facility OT - SARS-CoV2 OT - mRNA booster vaccination COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legally authorized representatives. The study protocol was approved by the Italian National Ethics Committee for clinical trials of public research bodies and other national public institutions (CEN) at the Istituto Superiore di Sanita (ISS) (approval number AOO-ISS 10/10/2023 0045874). Local ethics committees subsequently provided approval or acknowledgment as required. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with applicable ethical standards, and participant data were anonymized prior to analysis. Consent for publication: Not Applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/02 06:39 MHDA- 2026/07/02 06:40 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2026/07/02 00:33 PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/02 06:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 06:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12979-026-00581-9 [pii] AID - 581 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12979-026-00581-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Immun Ageing. 2026 Jul 1;23(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s12979-026-00581-9. PMID- 42385794 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260811 LR - 20260811 IS - 1532-2742 (Electronic) IS - 0163-4453 (Linking) VI - 93 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Age-associated impairment of humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a large community cohort with hybrid immunity. PG - 106803 LID - S0163-4453(26)00128-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106803 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To characterize SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in a large community cohort, focusing on age-related differences following hybrid immunity from prior infection and vaccination. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 1186 adults (median age: 62 years, IQR 43-73) were enrolled from six districts in Jiangsu province, eastern China. Spike-specific immune responses including serum total antibodies (Abs), nasal secretory IgA (sIgA), memory B cells, circulating follicular helper T (cTfh) cells, and CD4(+)/CD8(+) memory T cell subsets were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with immune responses. RESULTS: Compared with younger adults, individuals aged >/=65 years exhibited significantly lower levels of spike-specific serum total Abs, spike-specific memory B cells, spike-specific cTfh cells, and spike-specific CD4(+) terminally differentiated effector memory T (T(EMRA)) cells, but significantly higher levels of spike-specific CD8(+) T(EMRA) cells (all P < 0.05). Spike-specific nasal sIgA, CD4(+)/CD8(+) T(CM) and T(EM) subsets were comparable between age groups. After adjustment for sex, infection history, vaccination status, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, and lifestyle factors, age >/=65 years was associated with reduced spike-specific total Abs (OR 0.653, 95% CI 0.512-0.839), memory B cells (OR 0.780, 95% CI 0.613-0.992), and cTfh cells (OR 0.706, 95% CI 0.554-0.899). In contrast, older age was associated with elevated spike-specific CD8(+) T(EMRA) cells (OR 1.396, 95% CI 1.096-1.778). CONCLUSIONS: Despite widespread hybrid immunity, older adults displayed impaired humoral and T-B helper responses alongside selective expansion of spike-specific CD8(+) T(EMRA) cells. These findings define an age-associated immune phenotype in the endemic phase and support age-tailored vaccination and immune monitoring strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Ran, Jinqiu AU - Ran J AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhu, Liguo AU - Zhu L AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Ning, Mingzhe AU - Ning M AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yizheng Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhang, Wanying AU - Zhang W AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhang, Wen AU - Zhang W AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Joint Institute of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital for Life and Health, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Liu, Pei AU - Liu P AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Yin, Shengxia AU - Yin S AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhang, Juan AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Chu, Jinjin AU - Chu J AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Qin, Yuanfang AU - Qin Y AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Shi, Chao AU - Shi C AD - Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Wei, Ye AU - Wei Y AD - Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Cai, Qun AU - Cai Q AD - Huishan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Guo, Chentao AU - Guo C AD - Xishan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Qian, Cheng AU - Qian C AD - Jiangyin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Gao, Jianfei AU - Gao J AD - Rudong County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Pu, Wenwen AU - Pu W AD - Qidong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhang, Fang AU - Zhang F AD - Chongchuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Tong, Xin AU - Tong X AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Wu, Chao AU - Wu C AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: dr.wu@nju.edu.cn. FAU - Huang, Rui AU - Huang R AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: doctor_hr@126.com. FAU - Chen, Yuxin AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: yuxin.chen@nju.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260701 PL - England TA - J Infect JT - The Journal of infection JID - 7908424 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunity, Cellular MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - China MH - Cohort Studies MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aging OT - CD8(+) T cells OT - Circulating T follicular helper cells OT - Hybrid immunity OT - Memory B cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T(EMRA) cells COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest We declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/07/02 00:34 MHDA- 2026/08/11 23:35 CRDT- 2026/07/01 19:29 PHST- 2026/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/11 23:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/02 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 19:29 [entrez] AID - S0163-4453(26)00128-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106803 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect. 2026 Aug;93(2):106803. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106803. Epub 2026 Jul 1. PMID- 42382104 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260813 IS - 0972-7531 (Print) IS - 0976-3260 (Electronic) IS - 0972-7531 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 29 TI - COVID-19 Vaccine-triggered Relapsing Immune Dysregulation: An Observational Study with Four-year Follow-up. PG - 09727531261434290 LID - 10.1177/09727531261434290 [doi] LID - 09727531261434290 AB - BACKGROUND: Vaccination against COVID-19 infection became mandatory because of the field situation during the pandemic. PURPOSE: Vaccine efficacy and safety need many field years of study; time constraints due to the pandemic limited the same. A hospital-based study was done in South India among patients who presented with immune-mediated disorders in temporal correlation with COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS: The study period was 20 months, from March 2020 to November 2021. There were a total of 3,235 patients with neurological issues seen in two tertiary institutions, catering predominantly to patients from lower socio-economic strata in South India. A total of 1,007 (31.12%) patients had received COVID-19 vaccination (single dose in 511 [50.7%] and both doses in 496 [49.3%]). The general prevalence of primary demyelinating disease was compared with the background of vaccine-induced demyelination. Chi-square test was utilised for determining the association between neurological sequelae and the type of vaccine administered. RESULTS: Eighteen patients had neurological sequelae, and 16 had a monophasic pattern. Recurrent autoimmunity was seen in two patients who took the Sputnik vaccine. Comparing the prevalence of primary multiple sclerosis (MS) versus vaccine-induced demyelination, there was a statistically significant difference (chi (2) = 572.38; p < .001), which indicates a definite role of vaccination in these patients. The association between neurological manifestations of Covishield and Covaxin showed no statistically significant difference in neurological sequelae (chi (2) = 0.0466; p = .8). The Sputnik vaccine was not considered, as the number was less than five. Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated recurrent optic neuritis was seen in one patient, and tongue atrophy, pyramidal signs, ulcerative colitis and arthritis after 3 months, and C-ANCA positivity were seen following the Sputnik vaccine in one patient. CONCLUSION: Vaccination is an effective public health intervention. However, in susceptible individuals, it can probably trigger a recurrent and multisystem event by immune dysregulation. The association is an observation-based postulate that needs a longer, larger follow-up. As per this study, it is non-fatal and remits permanently. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Annapoorni, C S Vidhya AU - Annapoorni CSV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3789-5082 AD - SAT Hospital Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. FAU - Chandra, S R AU - Chandra SR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6756-9475 AD - S. K. Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. FAU - Isaac, Thomas Gregor AU - Isaac TG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3148-3466 AD - Centre for Brain Research (CBR), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260629 PL - United States TA - Ann Neurosci JT - Annals of neurosciences JID - 101523367 PMC - PMC13314644 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - immune dysregulation OT - sequelae OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/07/01 10:11 MHDA- 2026/07/01 10:11 PMCR- 2026/06/29 CRDT- 2026/07/01 05:08 PHST- 2025/08/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/07/01 10:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/07/01 05:08 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_09727531261434290 [pii] AID - 10.1177/09727531261434290 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Ann Neurosci. 2026 Jun 29:09727531261434290. doi: 10.1177/09727531261434290. PMID- 42350987 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260911 LR - 20260915 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - Expression levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgG, and neutralizing antibodies in a Chinese cohort and detection of peptide-specific antibodies in COVID-19 patients. LID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13532-y [doi] LID - 1638 AB - BACKGROUND: Long COVID is a complex multisystem disorder affecting approximately 65 million individuals worldwide, with autoimmune mechanisms implicated in its pathogenesis. This study aimed to elucidate the role of SARS-CoV-2-induced autoantibodies and immune dysregulation in the development of Long COVID, focusing specifically on autoimmunity and aberrant immune activation. The investigation sought to explore the underlying mechanisms through serological and peptide-based analyses. METHODS: Serum samples from 315 healthcare workers, serving as a control cohort, were analyzed for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgG, and Neutralizing Antibodies (NAbs), with stratification based on age, gender, vaccination timing, and symptom clusters. Bioinformatic approaches were employed to identify SARS-CoV-2 epitopes with homology to human proteins, screening for epitopes of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) and Nucleocapsid (N) proteins and their human homologous peptides through analyses of hydrophilicity, antigenicity, and homology prediction. An ELISA-based method was utilized to detect antibody responses to these peptides in both COVID-19 infected groups (categorized as mild, moderate, or severe) and an uninfected group. RESULTS: The primary findings indicated a high seropositivity rate for IgG (97%) and Neutralizing Antibodies (94%) among the control group, with notable age-related trends: IgM levels increased with age, whereas IgG and Neutralizing Antibodies showed a decline. Female participants demonstrated higher IgG levels compared to their male counterparts. Antibody levels did not exhibit significant differences across acute or persistent symptom clusters (>/= 6 months post-infection). However, neurological symptoms, whether acute or chronic, were associated with elevated IgG and Neutralizing Antibody titers, suggesting that neurotropic infections may elicit a more robust humoral immune response. Bioinformatic analyses identified 29 potential epitopes within the S protein and 10 within the N protein, with 91 and 24 human homologous peptides, respectively. The detection of peptide-specific antibodies in the serum of the COVID-19 infected group revealed that antibodies against eight peptides displayed a greater than 2.5-fold difference between the COVID-19-infected and uninfected groups. CONCLUSION: These findings underscore age- and gender-related variations in antibody responses, identify immunodominant peptides with potential implications for COVID-19 symptoms, and suggest that cross-reactive antibodies targeting viral-human homologous peptides (e.g., S68-CHL1) may play a role in autoimmune mechanisms associated with COVID-19. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trial number: Not applicable. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Yang, Suli AU - Yang S AD - Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, ShenZhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Wen, Xiaosha AU - Wen X AD - Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital; Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shen Zhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Lin, Yi AU - Lin Y AD - Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, ShenZhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Zhang, Ranrong AU - Zhang R AD - Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, ShenZhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Luo, Dixian AU - Luo D AD - Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital; Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shen Zhen, Guangdong, China. luodixian_2@163.com. LA - eng GR - 2023YFA0915602/National Key R&D Program of China/ GR - JCYJ20240813114502004/Shenzhen Natural Science Foundation Project/ GR - 82273236/General Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - NSZD2023020/Newly introduced discipline leader fund project in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (Peptides) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - China/epidemiology MH - Cohort Studies MH - Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/blood MH - Epitopes/immunology MH - *Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - *Immunoglobulin M/blood/immunology MH - Peptides/immunology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC13563895 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autoantibodies OT - Immune dysregulation OT - Long COVID OT - Molecular mimicry OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All participants provided informed consent.This research is guided by the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for the study was granted by the Research Ethic Committee of Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital(committee's reference number:EC-20240202-1014). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/26 04:10 MHDA- 2026/09/11 05:36 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/06/25 23:54 PHST- 2025/11/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/11 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 04:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 23:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13532-y [pii] AID - 13532 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-026-13532-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 25;26(1):1638. doi: 10.1186/s12879-026-13532-y. PMID- 42333961 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260623 IS - 1461-7277 (Electronic) IS - 1359-1053 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 23 TI - An integrated model of the emotional, cognitive, and community-related dimensions affecting vaccine hesitancy during COVID-19 pandemic. PG - 13591053261460718 LID - 10.1177/13591053261460718 [doi] AB - This paper proposes an integrated model of cognitive, emotional, and community-related predictors of vaccine hesitancy. A multiple mediation model was run using Structural Equation Modeling to test the role of perceived job and economic insecurities, pandemic-related emotions, and Sense of Community (SoC) as to respondents' vaccine hesitancy, through the mediation of safeguarding one's own and others' health and re-accessing pre-pandemic public and social life as motivations toward vaccination. Data was gathered from 432 Italian citizens through an online questionnaire. Results suggest that while emotional and community-related dimensions were effective in motivating individuals to protect their and others' health up to reducing their vaccine hesitancy, the perception of material hardships and re-accessing pre-pandemic public and social life were not. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed, paying also attention to the contextual constraints stemming from the specific policies and approaches adopted in Italy to face COVID-19 outbreak. FAU - Gatti, Flora AU - Gatti F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2149-6570 AD - University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy. FAU - Procentese, Fortuna AU - Procentese F AD - University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy. FAU - Compare, Christian AU - Compare C AD - University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy. FAU - Albanesi, Cinzia AU - Albanesi C AD - University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy. FAU - Rizzo, Marco AU - Rizzo M AD - eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy. FAU - Fedi, Angela AU - Fedi A AD - University of Torino, Italy. FAU - Gattino, Silvia AU - Gattino S AD - University of Torino, Italy. FAU - Aresi, Giovanni AU - Aresi G AD - Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy. AD - CERISVICO Research Centre on Community Development and Organisational Quality of Life, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Rochira, Alessia AU - Rochira A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4240-5076 AD - University of Salento, Lecce, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260623 PL - England TA - J Health Psychol JT - Journal of health psychology JID - 9703616 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - anxiety OT - green pass OT - pandemic OT - scarcity theory OT - sense of community OT - vaccine hesitancy OT - worry EDAT- 2026/06/23 12:34 MHDA- 2026/06/23 12:34 CRDT- 2026/06/23 08:03 PHST- 2026/06/23 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/23 12:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/23 08:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/13591053261460718 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Health Psychol. 2026 Jun 23:13591053261460718. doi: 10.1177/13591053261460718. PMID- 42299732 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process LR - 20260624 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 98 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Correction to "Preconception COVID-19 Vaccination Reprograms Fetal Metabolism to Accelerate Intrauterine Recovery and Suppress Persistent Metabolic Memory". PG - e71017 LID - 10.1002/jmv.71017 [doi] LA - eng PT - Published Erratum PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 SB - IM EFR - J Med Virol. 2025 Dec;97(12):e70740. doi: 10.1002/jmv.70740. PMID: 41347654 EDAT- 2026/06/16 06:35 MHDA- 2026/06/16 06:35 CRDT- 2026/06/16 05:53 PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/16 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/16 05:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jmv.71017 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2026 Jun;98(6):e71017. doi: 10.1002/jmv.71017. PMID- 42292488 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260615 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Preliminary evaluation of a DDA cationic liposome-based pulmonary mucosal immunization platform carrying a SARS-CoV-2 spike-derived branched peptide. PG - 1824741 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1824741 [doi] LID - 1824741 AB - INTRODUCTION: Current injectable vaccines targeting respiratory viruses are highly effective in inducing systemic immunity, yet they fall short in establishing effective defenses at mucosal sites, ultimately failing to completely block viral infection and transmission. Developing novel immune strategies that can simultaneously activate mucosal and systemic immunity is vitally important. METHODS: In this study, we created a pulmonary mucosal immune nanovaccine platform based on dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium (DDA) cationic liposomes. The immune effect was systematically evaluated using in vitro dendritic cell activation tests and a mouse pulmonary mucosal immune model. RESULTS: The results showed that the prepared formulation had a uniform particle size (approximately 101 nm), positive zeta potential (+42.67 mV), and high encapsulation efficiency (over 80%). The formulation effectively stimulated the maturation of dendritic cells, induced high levels of antigen-specific IgG antibodies in serum and IgA antibodies in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. It also significantly promoted the proliferation of activated T/B cells and the formation of tissue-resident memory T cells in lung tissues. Mechanistic studies revealed that the vaccine was retained in the lung for a long time and was subsequently detected in mediastinal lymph nodes, accompanied by increased activation-associated dendritic-cell phenotypes, thereby synergistically activating mucosal and systemic immune responses. DISCUSSION: Overall, this study provides preliminary proof-of-concept evidence that the DDA liposome-based formulation has immunogenic potential following pulmonary mucosal administration. However, additional in vivo control groups and more rigorous validation of antigen-specific immune responses will be required in future studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Xia, Yang, Shi, Huang and Xu. FAU - Xia, Zhifa AU - Xia Z AD - Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Zhenyong AU - Yang Z AD - Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Shi, Zhenwei AU - Shi Z AD - Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Huang, Songtao AU - Huang S AD - Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Xu, Fenghua AU - Xu F AD - Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260529 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Liposomes) RN - 0 (Nanovaccines) RN - 0 (Quaternary Ammonium Compounds) RN - 251IW5I21C (dimethyldioctadecylammonium) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Cations) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Liposomes/chemistry MH - Mice MH - Immunity, Mucosal MH - *Lung/immunology MH - Nanovaccines MH - Female MH - *Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/chemistry MH - Dendritic Cells/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Immunization MH - Cations MH - Immunoglobulin A MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC13260544 OTO - NOTNLM OT - DDA cationic liposomes OT - cellular immunity OT - humoral immunity OT - mucosal vaccine OT - pulmonary immunization OT - tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM cells) COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/15 12:49 MHDA- 2026/06/15 12:50 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/06/15 07:28 PHST- 2026/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:50 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/15 12:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/15 07:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1824741 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2026 May 29;17:1824741. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1824741. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42283509 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260928 LR - 20260928 IS - 2374-4243 (Electronic) IS - 2374-4243 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 10 DP - 2026 Oct TI - Fatigue, neurological, and cognitive symptoms after COVID-19 - a nationwide matched cohort study in Denmark. PG - 1015-1027 LID - 10.1080/23744235.2026.2684539 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To investigate if COVID-19 increases the odds of fatigue, headache, dizziness, concentration difficulties, and memory impairment as well as at least three of these symptoms, at <4 weeks, 4-12 weeks, and >12 weeks after COVID-19. Additionally, we investigated whether symptoms were influenced by severity of COVID-19, sex, and pre-infection COVID-19 vaccination. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This study utilised data from the DanishBiCoVac cohort and national registers. The BiCoVac cohort collected information about symptoms through four questionaries distributed between May 2021 and May 2022. Participants with COVID-19 were matched to participants without COVID-19.Three matching samples were created according to time since COVID-19. Logistic regression was performed for the association between COVID-19 and each outcome. RESULTS: Participants with COVID-19 within 0-4 weeks had higher odds of reporting all outcomes compared to participants without COVID-19. Between 4 and 12 weeks after COVID-19, the odds of symptoms were also higher, although attenuated. After 12 weeks, participants with COVID-19 also had higher odds of symptoms except for concentration difficulties compared to those without COVID-19. Odds for symptoms were highest for participants reporting severe infection. Prior COVID-19 vaccination might weaken the association while no clear modification was found for sex. CONCLUSION: Participants with COVID-19 had higher odds of all outcomes, especially within the first 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, the ORs were attenuated but still indicated an association for all outcomes except concentration difficulties. Individuals vaccinated against COVID-19 tended to report fewer symptoms after COVID-19. Participants with severe COVID-19 had the highest odds of symptoms. FAU - Hansen, Kristoffer Torp AU - Hansen KT AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-3120-8790 AD - Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Jensen, Christina Bisgaard AU - Jensen CB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5120-5589 AD - Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Overgaard, Rikke AU - Overgaard R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-9161-4636 AD - Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Hansen, Stefan Nygaard AU - Hansen SN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0877-556X AD - Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Rask, Charlotte Ulrikka AU - Rask CU AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7426-0353 AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Fink, Per AU - Fink P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2921-4099 AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Nielsen, Henrik AU - Nielsen H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0841-8255 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. FAU - Dantoft, Thomas Meinertz AU - Dantoft TM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7437-7052 AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Jorgensen, Torben AU - Jorgensen T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9453-2830 AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Thysen, Sanne Moller AU - Thysen SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4541-3901 AD - Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Rytter, Dorte AU - Rytter D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1518-0975 AD - Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Bech, Bodil Hammer AU - Bech BH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0287-3687 AD - Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260612 PL - England TA - Infect Dis (Lond) JT - Infectious diseases (London, England) JID - 101650235 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Denmark/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Fatigue/epidemiology/etiology MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Cohort Studies MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology/etiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cognitive symptoms OT - fatigue OT - long COVID OT - neurological symptoms OT - post-acute sequelae EDAT- 2026/06/12 13:03 MHDA- 2026/09/28 05:33 CRDT- 2026/06/12 09:13 PHST- 2026/09/28 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 13:03 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 09:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/23744235.2026.2684539 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Infect Dis (Lond). 2026 Oct;58(10):1015-1027. doi: 10.1080/23744235.2026.2684539. Epub 2026 Jun 12. PMID- 42272704 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260813 IS - 2055-2076 (Print) IS - 2055-2076 (Electronic) IS - 2055-2076 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2026 Jan-Dec TI - Specialist care at a distance: Patient-reported experience with telemedicine video consultations for neurological symptoms associated with post-COVID-19 condition or in temporal association with COVID-19 vaccination in a single-center retrospective cross-sectional study. PG - 20552076261451372 LID - 10.1177/20552076261451372 [doi] LID - 20552076261451372 AB - OBJECTIVES: To describe patient-reported experience with a structured telemedicine video consultation (TVC) pathway in routine neurological care among adults with persistent neurological symptoms with onset after SARS-CoV-2 infection or in temporal association with COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cross-sectional study examined TVC delivered in routine clinical care at the Department of Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin (11/2022-12/2023). Patients with neurological symptoms persisting >/=3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection or occurring in temporal association with COVID-19 vaccination were included. Data included demographics, symptom assessments, validated questionnaires on mood, fatigue, and subjective memory, audiovisual cognitive screening, and a post-consultation survey of patient-reported telemedicine experience. RESULTS: Forty-one patients (mean age 41.3+/-12.8 years; 61% female) were included. The median home-to-clinic distance was 356 km; and 39% reported mobility limitations affecting in-person attendance. Patients reported positive immediate experiences: most found scheduling easy, reported good audio/video quality, and considered the consultation relevant and time-saving. A minority reported technical difficulties or required assistance. Patients reported high fatigue levels (Fatigue Severity Scale 5.3+/-1.8), frequent subjective cognitive symptoms, moderate subjective memory satisfaction (Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire-Satisfaction Domain, 47.7+/-17.3), and mean Montreal Cognitive Assessment score of 27.3+/-2.3. DISCUSSION: These exploratory findings indicate positive patient-reported experience with a structured TVC pathway in routine neurological care. Fatigue and subjective cognitive difficulties were common across the selected cohort. This study describes a tele-neurology workflow integrating document pre-review, digital symptom assessment, remote history taking, and cognitive screening. Further controlled longitudinal studies are needed to determine the clinical role, safety, and equitable implementation of such approaches. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2026. FAU - Raeder, Vanessa AU - Raeder V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5969-7581 AD - Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Boesl, Fabian AU - Boesl F AD - Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Bremer, Benno AU - Bremer B AD - Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Breuer, Ameli AU - Breuer A AD - Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Audebert, Heinrich J AU - Audebert HJ AD - Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Franke, Christiana AU - Franke C AD - Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260608 PL - United States TA - Digit Health JT - Digital health JID - 101690863 PMC - PMC13247382 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognitive dysfunction OT - fatigue OT - patient satisfaction OT - post-COVID-19 condition OT - telemedicine OT - vaccination OT - video conferencing COIS- The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/06/11 06:36 MHDA- 2026/06/11 06:37 PMCR- 2026/06/08 CRDT- 2026/06/11 04:46 PHST- 2025/11/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/11 04:46 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_20552076261451372 [pii] AID - 10.1177/20552076261451372 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Digit Health. 2026 Jun 8;12:20552076261451372. doi: 10.1177/20552076261451372. eCollection 2026 Jan-Dec. PMID- 42268936 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20261009 IS - 1946-6242 (Electronic) IS - 1946-6234 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 853 DP - 2026 Jun 10 TI - SARS-CoV-2 variant booster vaccination and infection alter the breadth of the memory B cell repertoire. PG - eaeb9847 LID - 10.1126/scitranslmed.aeb9847 [doi] AB - Evolving endemic viruses such as influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remain major health threats. Although variant updated vaccines aim to enhance protection, preexisting immunity shapes memory B cell (MBC) responses. To assess how SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variant-based vaccine boosters and infections alter the MBC repertoire, we analyzed MBC responses in the COVAIL vaccine trial, where participants previously vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-1 spike immunogen were boosted with Wuhan-1, variant, or bivalent spike immunogens. Some participants also experienced a subsequent infection with an Omicron variant. We determined that variant vaccine boosters and SARS-CoV-2 infections led to transiently greater recall of cross-reactive MBCs compared with a Wuhan-1 vaccine booster. Long term, we detected little change in the MBC repertoire after an Omicron vaccine booster, but MBCs evaluated several months after Omicron variant infection had higher neutralization capacity to both Wuhan-1 and BA.1 compared with those from individuals who had not experienced an infection. However, these Wuhan-1/BA.1 cross-reactive MBCs from infected individuals displayed less breadth toward the more distant BA.2.86 lineage than MBCs from uninfected individuals. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 variant boosters and infections differentially shape the long-term MBC repertoire. FAU - Malek, Rory AU - Malek R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4433-6430 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Matassoli, Flavio AU - Matassoli F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-5559-8781 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Gordon, Kyle AU - Gordon K AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Shimberg, Geoffrey D AU - Shimberg GD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7986-0895 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Mantus, Grace E AU - Mantus GE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1925-0851 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Spangler, Abby AU - Spangler A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0028-9348 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Chopde, Ankita J AU - Chopde AJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-6998-0245 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Teng, I-Ting AU - Teng IT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4704-7100 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Zhou, Tongqing AU - Zhou T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3935-4637 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Lin, Bob C AU - Lin BC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1373-1406 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Carroll, Robin AU - Carroll R AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Kazmierski, Rachel AU - Kazmierski R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0870-3666 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Wang, Lingshu AU - Wang L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8404-4910 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Posavad, Christine M AU - Posavad CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5641-3934 AD - IDCRC Laboratory Operations Unit, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA98109, USA. AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Rouphael, Nadine G AU - Rouphael NG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2512-7919 AD - Hope Clinic of Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30030, USA. FAU - Branche, Angela R AU - Branche AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7742-5352 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. FAU - Roberts, Paul C AU - Roberts PC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4452-141X AD - Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Serebryannyy, Leonid AU - Serebryannyy L AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Andrews, Sarah F AU - Andrews SF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2583-1949 AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. LA - eng GR - UM1 AI148450/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260610 PL - United States TA - Sci Transl Med JT - Science translational medicine JID - 101505086 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Cross Reactions MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Female MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - Adult EDAT- 2026/06/11 05:38 MHDA- 2026/06/12 13:03 CRDT- 2026/06/10 14:03 PHST- 2026/06/12 13:03 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/11 05:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 14:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1126/scitranslmed.aeb9847 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Transl Med. 2026 Jun 10;18(853):eaeb9847. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aeb9847. Epub 2026 Jun 10. PMID- 42245362 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260611 LR - 20260926 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2026 TI - Post-COVID syndrome in Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh: a systematic narrative review of epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and healthcare system responses. PG - 1714880 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1714880 [doi] LID - 1714880 AB - BACKGROUND: Post-COVID syndrome, defined by the WHO as persistent multisystem symptoms extending beyond 4 weeks post-infection, has emerged as a critical public health concern in South Asia, a region home to approximately 1. 9 billion individuals across Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Despite the disproportionate burden affecting an estimated 54.3 million individuals in this region, no prior systematic synthesis has integrated evidence across all three major South Asian countries, creating a significant gap in the evidence-based policy development. METHODS: This systematic narrative review, conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, synthesized evidence from 388 peer-reviewed publications identified through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases (January 2020-December 2023). Study quality was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist and the GRADE framework. Two independent reviewers performed the screening (inter-rater reliability: 87.3%) and data extraction (concordance: 94.1%). RESULTS: The prevalence of post-COVID syndrome varied geographically: 15.8%-18.3% in Pakistan, 9.4%-22.5% to 11.2%-16.8% in India, Females consistently demonstrated higher prevalence across all countries, with ratios ranging from 1.41:1 to 1.81:1. The peak burden occurred in the 35-54 age group. Urban areas reported a higher prevalence than rural areas, with disparities correlating with healthcare infrastructure metrics. Fatigue (58.3%), brain fog (52.1%), and memory problems (48.7%) were the most prevalent symptoms. The prevalence declined across successive pandemic waves, with vaccination associated with substantial reductions in later waves. CONCLUSION: Post-COVID syndrome poses a substantial and ongoing public health challenge in South Asia, disproportionately affecting women and adults of working age. Urban-rural disparities in prevalence reflect underlying healthcare access inequities rather than true epidemiological differences. Urgent priorities include establishing dedicated post-COVID clinics, strengthening rehabilitation infrastructure, and conducting region-specific genetic and long-term outcome research to inform evidence-based interventions for this vulnerable population. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Alrossies. FAU - Alrossies, Amani S AU - Alrossies AS AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260520 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - India/epidemiology MH - Bangladesh/epidemiology MH - Pakistan/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Prevalence MH - *Delivery of Health Care PMC - PMC13230156 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bangladesh OT - COVID-19 sequelae OT - India OT - cognitive impairment OT - epidemiology OT - fatigue OT - female predominance OT - healthcare disparities COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/05 06:36 MHDA- 2026/06/11 18:35 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/06/05 05:03 PHST- 2025/09/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/11 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/05 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/05 05:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1714880 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2026 May 20;14:1714880. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1714880. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42236640 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260618 LR - 20260926 IS - 2193-8229 (Print) IS - 2193-6382 (Electronic) IS - 2193-6382 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Prior SGLT2 Inhibitor and Metformin Use and Risk of Long COVID in Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. PG - 1955-1976 LID - 10.1007/s40121-026-01362-z [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk of post-acute sequelae after COVID-19 (PASC). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and metformin may have systemic benefits beyond glycemic control. We evaluated the impact of prior SGLT2i and metformin use on the risk of post-acute COVID-19 complications. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study using national healthcare claims databases, from July 1, 2021 to February 28, 2023. Cohorts were stratified based on SGLT2i or metformin, against patients had not received these medications. Overlap weighting was applied to adjust for baseline differences in demographics, vaccination status, comorbidities, and prior healthcare utilization. Competing-risks regression models were used to assess differences in the risk of long-COVID outcomes between 31 and 300 days post-infection. RESULTS: Among 71,698 patients with T2DM, 22,501 (31.4%) had prior SGLT2i use, and 66,792 (93.1%) had prior metformin use. Compared with non-SGLT2i users, patients treated with SGLT2i had a significantly lower risk of neurological sequelae (aHR = 0.60 [0.45-0.81]), particularly memory and cognitive impairment (aHR = 0.63 [0.41-0.98]). SGLT2i was also associated with a reduced risk of post-acute symptoms (aHR = 0.87 [0.77-0.99]). Metformin use was associated with significantly lower risk of composite post-acute outcomes (aHR = 0.80 [0.68-0.96]) and post-acute symptoms (aHR = 0.77 [0.63-0.93]). Amongst patients on metformin, the addition of SGLT2i further lowered the risk of neurological sequelae (aHR = 0.81 [0.71-0.93]) and composite symptoms (aHR 0.87 [0.76-0.99]). CONCLUSION: SGLT2i and metformin use were associated with a lower risk of PASC and post-acute symptoms. There may be additional protective benefits when both agents are used concurrently. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Ngiam, Jinghao Nicholas AU - Ngiam JN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3339-7281 AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National University Health System Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, NUHS Tower Block, Level 10, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. nicholas_ngiam@nuhs.edu.sg. AD - Communicable Diseases Agency, Singapore, Singapore. nicholas_ngiam@nuhs.edu.sg. FAU - Loy, Enoch Xueheng AU - Loy EX AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Communicable Diseases Agency, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Koh, Matthew Chung Yi AU - Koh MCY AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National University Health System Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, NUHS Tower Block, Level 10, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. FAU - Chiew, Calvin J AU - Chiew CJ AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Ministry of Health, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Communicable Diseases Agency, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Li, Russell Jingxian AU - Li RJ AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Communicable Diseases Agency, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Lim, Su Chi AU - Lim SC AD - Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Tai, E Shyong AU - Tai ES AD - Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Bee, Yong Mong AU - Bee YM AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Chow, Wai Leng AU - Chow WL AD - Ministry of Health, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Lye, David Chien Boon AU - Lye DCB AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Communicable Diseases Agency, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Chia, Yew Woon AU - Chia YW AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Chan, Mark Yan Yee AU - Chan MYY AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Hausenloy, Derek J AU - Hausenloy DJ AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore. AD - The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK. FAU - Tan, Kelvin Bryan AU - Tan KB AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Ministry of Health, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Communicable Diseases Agency, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Wee, Liang En AU - Wee LE AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Communicable Diseases Agency, Singapore, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260603 PL - New Zealand TA - Infect Dis Ther JT - Infectious diseases and therapy JID - 101634499 PMC - PMC13280275 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Long COVID OT - Metformin OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - SGLT-2 inhibitors COIS- Declarations. Conflict of Interest: All authors [Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam, Enoch Xueheng Loy, Matthew Chung Yi Koh, Calvin J Chiew, Russell Jingxian Li, Su Chi Lim, E Shyong Tai, Yong Mong Bee, Wai Leng Chow, David Chien Boon Lye, Yew Woon Chia, Mark Yan Yee Chan, Derek J Hausenloy, Kelvin Bryan Tan, Liang En Wee] report no conflicts of interest. Ethical Approval: This study was conducted as part of national public health surveillance under the Singapore Infectious Diseases Act, and separate ethics approval by an Institutional Review Board (IRB) was not required. This study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later amendments. EDAT- 2026/06/04 00:39 MHDA- 2026/06/04 00:40 PMCR- 2026/06/03 CRDT- 2026/06/03 23:20 PHST- 2026/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/04 00:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/03 23:20 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40121-026-01362-z [pii] AID - 1362 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40121-026-01362-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Infect Dis Ther. 2026 Jul;15(7):1955-1976. doi: 10.1007/s40121-026-01362-z. Epub 2026 Jun 3. PMID- 42216347 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260922 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 22 DP - 2026 May 29 TI - Prevalence and long-term outcomes of brain fog and cognitive impairment in individuals with long COVID: A systematic review. PG - e49022 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049022 [doi] LID - e49022 AB - BACKGROUND: Long COVID is increasingly recognized as a complex multisystem condition, with brain fog and cognitive impairment emerging as some of its manifestations. Despite growing literature, the pooled prevalence, subgroup differences, and underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. METHODS: We systematically reviewed 47 studies (2000-2025) encompassing over 25,000 patients to evaluate the prevalence of brain fog and cognitive impairment among long COVID populations. Data were extracted on study design, patient demographics, follow-up duration, and subgroup variables including gender, hospitalization, vaccination, and geographic region. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS v9.0) and JBI checklists. Quantitative synthesis was performed with subgroup and temporal analyses, presented in forest plots and summary figures. RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of brain fog was 30% (95% CI: 28-32), while cognitive impairment was 25% (95% CI: 23-27). Female patients consistently showed higher rates compared to males (34% vs 23% for brain fog; 29% vs 21% for cognitive impairment). Community-managed patients demonstrated higher prevalence compared to hospitalized cohorts, and unvaccinated individuals had a greater burden than vaccinated ones. Temporal analyses indicated that prevalence increased with longer follow-up, suggesting symptom persistence or late manifestation. Pathophysiological explanations include neuroinflammation, microvascular injury, immune dysregulation, and psychosocial stressors. CONCLUSION: Brain fog and cognitive impairment are common, persistent, and clinically significant features of long COVID. Gender differences, vaccination status, and follow-up duration influence prevalence. Future studies should focus on mechanisms, preventive strategies, and targeted interventions to mitigate long-term cognitive sequelae. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Faseeh, Ahmar AU - Faseeh A AD - Department of Dentistry, Islamic International Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan. FAU - Rida, Maryam AU - Rida M AD - Department of Medicine, NUMS Hitec Institute of Medical Sciences, Taxila, Pakistan. FAU - Karim, Noor E AU - Karim NE AD - Department of Medicine, NUMS Hitec Institute of Medical Sciences, Taxila, Pakistan. FAU - Zafar, Ayesha AU - Zafar A AD - Department of Medicine, NUMS Hitec Institute of Medical Sciences, Taxila, Pakistan. FAU - Shah, Arif AU - Shah A AD - Department of Medicine, Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital, Swat, Pakistan. FAU - Perveen, Abida AU - Perveen A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7548-8833 AD - Department of Medicine, Ibn e Seena Hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology/etiology MH - Prevalence MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Female MH - Male MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC13225561 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long COVID OT - brain fog OT - cognitive impairment OT - neuroinflammation OT - post-acute sequelae COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2026/05/30 06:36 MHDA- 2026/05/30 06:37 PMCR- 2026/05/29 CRDT- 2026/05/30 01:01 PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/30 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/30 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/30 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202605290-00033 [pii] AID - MD-D-25-18536 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000049022 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 May 29;105(22):e49022. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000049022. PMID- 42190640 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260613 LR - 20260813 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 128 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Comprehensive longitudinal profiling identifies differential frequency, epitope specificity, and effector function of CD8(+) T-cells across COVID-19 disease severities. PG - 106310 LID - S2352-3964(26)00192-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106310 [doi] LID - 106310 AB - BACKGROUND: CD8(+) T-cells are crucial for controlling and resolving SARS-CoV-2 infection, yet their epitope specificity and relationship to COVID-19 disease severity remain incompletely understood. METHODS: We performed comprehensive longitudinal profiling of antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell populations using DNA-barcoded peptide-HLA multimers, analysing 553 SARS-CoV-2 epitopes across globally prevalent HLA alleles in patients with mild and severe COVID-19. Functional and phenotypic characterisation was performed using multidimensional single-cell analysis and detailed cytokine profiling. The impact of post-infection COVID-19 vaccination on T-cell memory was also assessed. FINDINGS: Severe and mild COVID-19 were associated with robust yet distinct patterns of CD8(+) T-cell activation. In the acute phase, severe disease was characterised by a broader T-cell repertoire (139 unique epitopes) with a median frequency of 1.4% (IQR 0.2-5.0) and a high-frequency of immunodominant epitope-specific T-cells that exhibited reduced cytotoxic profile. In contrast, patients with mild COVID-19 mounted responses against a more limited set of epitopes (98 unique epitopes), partially overlapping with those observed in severe disease, with a median T-cell frequency of 0.7% (IQR 0-1.9) and displayed a stronger cytotoxic phenotype and functional state. Over time, the memory T-cell compartment contracted to a restricted subset of immunodominant epitopes in the two patient groups and COVID-19 vaccination further enhanced frequencies of spike-specific T-cells independent of prior disease severity. INTERPRETATION: These findings delineate the epitope-specific frequency, function, and persistence of antigen-specific T-cell populations during SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting how differential activation, rather than magnitude alone, shapes immune outcomes across disease severities and other viral infections. FUNDING: This work was supported by the Independent Research Fund Denmark (DFF-Sapere Aude, 2066-00044B), the EU Horizon Europe REACT project (101057129), the European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant MIMIC (101045517), and the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF170). CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Amaya Hernandez, Susana Patricia AU - Amaya Hernandez SP AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. FAU - Munk, Kamilla Kjaergaard AU - Munk KK AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. FAU - Danilov, Konstantin AU - Danilov K AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. FAU - Kadivar, Mohammad AU - Kadivar M AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. FAU - Hersby, Ditte Stampe AU - Hersby DS AD - Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark. FAU - Tamhane, Tripti AU - Tamhane T AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. FAU - Stegenborg-Grathwohl, Simone Majken AU - Stegenborg-Grathwohl SM AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. FAU - Pedersen, Anders Gorm AU - Pedersen AG AD - Department of Health Technology, Section for Bioinformatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. FAU - Gang, Anne Ortved AU - Gang AO AD - Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark. FAU - Hadrup, Sine Reker AU - Hadrup SR AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. FAU - Saini, Sunil Kumar AU - Saini SK AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. Electronic address: sukusa@dtu.dk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/pathology MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Aged MH - Adult MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC13234737 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8(+) T-cells OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T-cell epitopes OT - T-cell memory OT - Viral infections COIS- Declaration of interests Otto Monsteds Fond Travel grant was paid to S.P.A.H., and subsequently transferred to the author's institution, in accordance with institutional policy. All other authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2026/05/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/06/15 11:36 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/26 18:19 PHST- 2025/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/15 11:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 18:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(26)00192-1 [pii] AID - 106310 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106310 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2026 Jun;128:106310. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106310. Epub 2026 May 26. PMID- 42156850 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 19 TI - Population-based comparison of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 and health-related quality of life across pandemic periods: Omicron era versus early pandemic. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-52945-2 [doi] LID - 15603 AB - Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) may vary across pandemic phases. We compared the prevalence of post-acute COVID-19 symptom clusters following SARS-CoV-2 infection in the early pandemic and during the Omicron era using a population-based approach. The EPILOC study enrolled individuals aged 18-65 years who tested PCR-positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the early pandemic, between October 2020 and April 2021, in defined geographic regions within Baden-Wurttemberg. EPILOC-Omicron used an identical design for individuals infected between June and July 2022. Participants completed a standardised questionnaire assessing sociodemographics, lifestyle, symptoms, and health-related quality of life (SF-12). PCS was defined as 92%). PCS prevalence was 29.6% in EPILOC and 14.5% in EPILOC-Omicron. Predictors of PCS were similar for both. Symptom clusters were consistently less frequent after infection during the Omicron era (e.g., fatigue RR = 0.54; neurocognitive impairment RR = 0.53; chest symptoms RR = 0.47; smell/taste disorder RR = 0.17). Health-related quality of life was similar in PCS cases of both cohorts (mean SF-12(Physical) 40.3 vs. 41.0, mean SF-12(Mental) 38.9 vs. 40.7). PCS was less common following SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Omicron era compared to the early pandemic period. However, affected individuals continue to experience substantial, comparable impairment in hrQoL across both pandemic periods. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Peter, Raphael S AU - Peter RS AD - Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany. raphael.peter@uni-ulm.de. FAU - Nieters, Alexandra AU - Nieters A AD - Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Sedelmaier, Lisamaria AU - Sedelmaier L AD - Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Krausslich, Hans-Georg AU - Krausslich HG AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Brockmann, Stefan O AU - Brockmann SO AD - Department of Health Protection, Infection Control and Epidemiology, Baden-Wuerttemberg Federal State Health Office, Ministry of Social Affairs, Health and Integration, Stuttgart, Germany. FAU - Gopel, Siri AU - Gopel S AD - Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Merle, Uta AU - Merle U AD - Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Steinacker, Jurgen M AU - Steinacker JM AD - Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Research at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. AD - Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Rothenbacher, Dietrich AU - Rothenbacher D AD - Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Kern, Winfried V AU - Kern WV AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany. CN - EPILOC Omicron Study Group LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260519 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Quality of Life MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Male MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Pandemics MH - Young Adult MH - SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Prevalence PMC - PMC13187147 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Health-related quality of life OT - Long COVID OT - Omicron OT - Post-COVID-19 syndrome OT - SARS-CoV-2 variants COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. FIR - Bauer, Christoph IR - Bauer C FIR - Blankenhorn, Benedict IR - Blankenhorn B FIR - Bopp-Haas, Ulrike IR - Bopp-Haas U FIR - Braig, Stefanie IR - Braig S FIR - Conzelmann, Nadine IR - Conzelmann N FIR - Deibert, Peter IR - Deibert P FIR - Dietz, Armin IR - Dietz A FIR - Friedmann-Bette, Birgit IR - Friedmann-Bette B FIR - Gotz, Veronika IR - Gotz V FIR - Grote, Sylvia IR - Grote S FIR - Junginger, Alexandra IR - Junginger A FIR - Kappert, Oliver IR - Kappert O FIR - Kuhn, Anne IR - Kuhn A FIR - Matits, Lynn IR - Matits L FIR - Muller, Barbara IR - Muller B FIR - Niess, Andreas IR - Niess A FIR - Piechotowski, Isolde IR - Piechotowski I FIR - Rottele, Sibylle IR - Rottele S FIR - Schellenberg, Jana IR - Schellenberg J FIR - Schilling, Claudia IR - Schilling C FIR - Schwertz, Rainer IR - Schwertz R FIR - Spannenkrebs, Monika IR - Spannenkrebs M FIR - Wagner, Gabriele IR - Wagner G FIR - Walter-Frank, Birgit IR - Walter-Frank B FIR - Wolfers, Kersten IR - Wolfers K FIR - Zhu, Mengyu IR - Zhu M EDAT- 2026/05/20 00:34 MHDA- 2026/05/20 06:32 PMCR- 2026/05/19 CRDT- 2026/05/19 23:38 PHST- 2026/01/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/20 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/19 23:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-52945-2 [pii] AID - 52945 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-52945-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 19;16(1):15603. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-52945-2. PMID- 42151278 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260719 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 19 TI - A novel lexicon dictionary and CNN-LSTM employed hybrid approach for sentiment detection of COVID-19 vaccines. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-51418-w [doi] LID - 22615 AB - With the rapid advancement of the internet, social media has become an integral part of human life. It provides a soothing platform for people to share their opinions. Twitter became the most popular social platform during the COVID-19 pandemic to connect people internationally and support the fight against the infectious epidemic. Nevertheless, the increasing use of social media generates a massive amount of meaningless information, which researchers need to refine to interpret the material. Recently, investigators have proposed various approaches to gain insights from unstructured data on social platforms. Still, researchers face innumerable challenges in dealing with vague content. Meticulous polarity detection of people's opinions is an exhilarating and ongoing problem. Therefore, a hybrid lexicon-based dictionary and a CNN-LSTM-based approach have been proposed to analyze tweets related to COVID-19 vaccines. This model is enriched with enhanced feature transformations via the attention mechanism and an extensive lexicon. However, the lexicon approach is very domain-specific; on the other hand, neural networks are less interpretable and dependent on content quality. Consequently, the proposed hybrid model combines the strengths of lexicon-based dictionaries and neural networks while mitigating their limitations. The experimental results demonstrated the outperformance of the proposed hybrid model, achieving 83.44% accuracy, 88% F1-score, 91% recall, and 86% precision on COVID-19 tweets. It indicates that the proposed hybrid solution is robust and practical for addressing similar problems and other epidemic situations. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Tiwari, Dimple AU - Tiwari D AD - School of Engineering & Technology, Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies - Technical Campus, Delhi, India. FAU - Bhati, Bhoopesh Singh AU - Bhati BS AD - Indian Institute of Information Technology, Sonepat, India. FAU - Garg, Puneet AU - Garg P AD - Krishna Institute of Engineering & Technology (KIET), Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Babbar, Nandini AU - Babbar N AD - Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. nandini.babbar@jaipur.manipal.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260519 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Convolutional Neural Networks MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Social Media MH - *Sentiment Analysis MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Long Short Term Memory MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - Neural Networks, Computer PMC - PMC13381905 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 Vaccines OT - Convolutional Neural Network OT - Feature Engineering OT - Long Short-Term Memory OT - Sentiment Analysis OT - VADER Lexicon COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/19 00:28 MHDA- 2026/07/20 00:37 PMCR- 2026/05/19 CRDT- 2026/05/18 23:25 PHST- 2025/09/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/20 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/18 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-51418-w [pii] AID - 51418 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-51418-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 19;16(1):22615. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-51418-w. PMID- 42099508 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260821 IS - 2474-0896 (Electronic) IS - 0967-4845 (Print) IS - 0967-4845 (Linking) VI - 83 DP - 2026 TI - Clinical Utility of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Titers in the Management of Patients With Long COVID Infected With the Omicron Variant. PG - 16255 LID - 10.3389/bjbs.2026.16255 [doi] LID - 16255 AB - BACKGROUND: Long COVID (LC) presents persistent symptoms that pose a major clinical challenge. Identification of reliable biomarkers to evaluate LC pathophysiology is needed. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether serum S- and N-antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins reflect the clinical features of LC. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included patients diagnosed with Omicron variant-related LC who attended a post-COVID-19 outpatient clinic between July 2023 and November 2024 and provided informed consent for antibody testing. RESULTS: Among 275 patients (129 men and 146 women), 57 (21%) were unvaccinated. Median S- and N-antibody titers in vaccinated versus unvaccinated patients were 20,963 U/mL and 24.8 cut-off index (COI) versus 24 U/mL and 44.5 COI, respectively. S-antibody titers were associated with the number of vaccine doses received, whereas N-antibody titers correlated with disease severity during the acute phase of COVID-19 infection, with females having higher titers by multivariable analysis. N-antibody titers in unvaccinated patients with LC were negatively correlated with time interval from infection to clinic visit, with an estimated daily decline of 0.34% in measured N-antibody levels. Patients with LC having memory impairment had low S-antibody titers by multivariable logistic regression analysis, and low S-antibody levels were associated with reduced quality of life (QOL). Additionally, N-antibody titers positively correlated with lymphocyte counts and immunoglobulin levels. CONCLUSION: Serum N-antibody titers reflect immune responses to COVID-19, although they are affected by gender differences and interval between infection and evaluation. Lower S-antibody titers were associated with brain fog symptoms and reduced QOL in patients with LC. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Kawaguchi, Sakurada, Tokumasu, Otsuka, Nakano, Matsuda, Honda, Omura, Matsuki, Furukawa, Higashikage and Otsuka. FAU - Kawaguchi, Marina AU - Kawaguchi M AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Sakurada, Yasue AU - Sakurada Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Tokumasu, Kazuki AU - Tokumasu K AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Otsuka, Yuki AU - Otsuka Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Nakano, Yasuhiro AU - Nakano Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Matsuda, Yui AU - Matsuda Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Honda, Hiroyuki AU - Honda H AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Omura, Daisuke AU - Omura D AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Matsuki, Nobuyoshi AU - Matsuki N AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Furukawa, Masanori AU - Furukawa M AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Higashikage, Akihito AU - Higashikage A AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Otsuka, Fumio AU - Otsuka F AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260422 PL - Switzerland TA - Br J Biomed Sci JT - British journal of biomedical science JID - 9309208 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/immunology/blood/virology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Aged MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Unvaccinated Persons MH - Adult MH - Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - Biomarkers/blood PMC - PMC13143840 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Omicron variants OT - SARS-CoV-2 antibodies OT - brain fog OT - long COVID COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/08 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/08 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/22 CRDT- 2026/05/08 04:55 PHST- 2026/01/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/08 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/08 04:55 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 16255 [pii] AID - 10.3389/bjbs.2026.16255 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Br J Biomed Sci. 2026 Apr 22;83:16255. doi: 10.3389/bjbs.2026.16255. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42094979 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260507 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Hybrid immunity strategies: heterologous vaccination combined with natural SARS-CoV-2 infection. PG - 1828887 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1828887 [doi] LID - 1828887 AB - The continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2 poses a significant challenge to existing immune barriers, highlighting the limitations of single-modality immunization. Hybrid immunity, shaped by the combination of natural infection and vaccination, induces more potent, broad-spectrum, and durable protective immunity. This review proposes that heterologous vaccination - the sequential use of vaccines based on different technological platforms - can serve as an active public health strategy to simulate and optimize hybrid immunity. We systematically elaborate on the synergistic advantages of hybrid immunity at both the humoral and cellular levels, citing evidence from multiple clinical trials that for both convalescent individuals and infection-naive populations, heterologous vaccination regimens outperform homologous regimens in enhancing the breadth of neutralizing antibodies, strengthening cross-protection, and establishing robust immune memory. By mimicking the antigenic distance effect, heterologous vaccination safely replicates the immunological benefits of natural infection without the associated risks, positioning it as a key strategic tool to counter persistent viral evolution and build a resilient population-wide immune barrier. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Huang, Zhang, Miao, Wang, Xi, Pan, Lu and Li. FAU - Huang, Yuan AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Xiaolu AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Miao, Ruixia AU - Miao R AD - Department of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Jing AU - Wang J AD - Department of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Xi, Xuan AU - Xi X AD - Department of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Pan, Heng AU - Pan H AD - Department of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Lu, Yan AU - Lu Y AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China. FAU - Li, Dehong AU - Li D AD - Department of Blood Transfusion, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260421 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC13138905 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 variants OT - antigenic distance OT - heterologous strategies OT - hybrid immunity OT - immune memory COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/07 06:36 MHDA- 2026/05/07 06:37 PMCR- 2026/04/21 CRDT- 2026/05/07 05:19 PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 05:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1828887 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2026 Apr 21;13:1828887. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1828887. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42092802 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2377 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2377 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 6 TI - Dynamic recovery of piriform cortex function and its impact on cognitive processing speed following mild COVID-19. LID - 10.1186/s12883-026-04943-0 [doi] LID - 371 AB - BACKGROUND: Although the neurological sequelae of severe COVID-19 are increasingly recognized, the long-term neural impact of uncomplicated mild SARS-CoV-2 infection remains insufficiently characterized. This study investigated post-infection alterations in piriform cortex activity, a region central to olfactory processing and integrative cognitive-emotional networks, and their associations with cognitive outcomes in adults. METHODS: Fifty adults with pre- and post-SARS-CoV-2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical/neuropsychological data were analyzed. A demographically matched control group of 50 individuals without prior COVID-19 or vaccination was included. Resting-state functional MRI assessed amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) within the piriform cortex as an index of regional neural activity. RESULTS: Baseline piriform ALFF did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.421). Following infection, piriform ALFF exhibited a significant quadratic trajectory (p = 0.003), characterized by early elevation relative to baseline, a decline to a nadir at approximately three months, and subsequent recovery toward baseline levels by six months. Greater acute COVID-19 symptom burden correlated with higher piriform ALFF (beta = 0.34, p = 0.017). Elevated ALFF was associated with reduced processing speed (beta = -0.52, p = 0.001). Mediation analysis demonstrated that piriform ALFF significantly mediated the relationship between symptom burden and processing speed (indirect effect b = -0.081, p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: Piriform cortex function demonstrated a dynamic, nonlinear pattern within six months after mild COVID-19, marked by early hyperactivity, later downregulation, and gradual normalization. Altered piriform activity mediated the association between symptom burden and processing speed deficits, suggesting transient post-infection neurophysiological disruption with potential relevance to cognitive symptoms. Longitudinal follow-up is warranted to clarify underlying mechanisms and long-term implications. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Jeong, Hyeonseok AU - Jeong H AD - Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Shim, Youngeun AU - Shim Y AD - Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Joo, Yoonji AU - Joo Y AD - Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Yejin AU - Kim Y AD - Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Suh, Chaewon AU - Suh C AD - Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Jin, Yunjung AU - Jin Y AD - Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Song, Harin AU - Song H AD - Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lyoo, In Kyoon AU - Lyoo IK AD - Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. inkylyoo@ewha.ac.kr. AD - Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. inkylyoo@ewha.ac.kr. AD - Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. inkylyoo@ewha.ac.kr. FAU - Yoon, Sujung AU - Yoon S AD - Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. sujungjyoon@ewha.ac.kr. AD - Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. sujungjyoon@ewha.ac.kr. LA - eng GR - RS-2025-16070333/National Research Foundation of Korea/ GR - RS-2020-NR049587/National Research Foundation of Korea/ GR - RS-2024-00440371/National Research Foundation of Korea/ GR - E0232201/Korea Food Research Institute/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260506 PL - England TA - BMC Neurol JT - BMC neurology JID - 100968555 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Cognition/physiology MH - *COVID-19/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging/psychology/complications MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - *Piriform Cortex/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology/psychology MH - *Processing Speed/physiology MH - *Recovery of Function/physiology PMC - PMC13242123 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Amplitude of low‑frequency fluctuations OT - COVID-19 OT - Functional magnetic resonance imaging OT - Neuroplasticity OT - Piriform cortex OT - Processing speed COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Institutional Review Board of Ewha Womans University. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/05/07 06:37 MHDA- 2026/06/12 13:01 PMCR- 2026/05/06 CRDT- 2026/05/07 00:35 PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/12 13:01 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/07 06:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/07 00:35 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12883-026-04943-0 [pii] AID - 4943 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12883-026-04943-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Neurol. 2026 May 6;26(1):371. doi: 10.1186/s12883-026-04943-0. PMID- 42072463 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9059 (Print) IS - 2227-9059 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9059 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 17 TI - The Effects of Past COVID-19 and Vaccination on Antibody Levels, Cellular Immunity, and Cytokine Production by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. LID - 10.3390/biomedicines14040923 [doi] LID - 923 AB - Background/Objective: This study is a cross-sectional investigation of long-term immune responses measured at different time intervals after COVID-19 infections, vaccinations, or combined exposure. The focus is on immune reactivity against recombinant spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) protein antigens. Materials and Methods: Serum antibody levels were assessed up to four to four and a half years after infection or immunization, including virus-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA and IgM antibodies, as well as neutralizing antibodies against the S-protein. Cellular immunity was assessed by analyzing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC; n = 43 in first cohort, n = 32 in second cohort), including T-helper memory and cytotoxic subsets, and cytokine production after in vitro stimulation with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 proteins. A multiplex cytokine assay was used to analyze effector and regulatory immune responses. Results: Virus-specific IgG antibodies persisted for years after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, with IgG against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) correlating most strongly with neutralizing activity. Vaccinated individuals demonstrated higher IgA responses, whereas antibodies to the N-protein were associated with previous infection. No IgM antibodies were detected in any subjects, suggesting an immune response based on memory rather than ongoing infection. PBMCs from individuals with a history of both COVID-19 exposure and vaccination exhibited enhanced responsiveness, characterized by increased frequencies of memory T cells compared to vaccination alone. Stimulating with the S-protein induces higher cytokine production, including IFN-gamma, TNF-alfa, and IL-12(p70), compared with stimulation by the N-protein. Cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-beta are also elevated, suggesting immune regulation rather than persistent inflammation. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination are associated with persistent humoral and cellular immune responses detectable several years after exposure. Individuals with hybrid immunity exhibit broader and functionally enhanced immune reactivity, indicating more robust long-term immune memory. Future studies should focus on the long-term consequences of hybrid immunity and optimize other vaccine strategies, including recombinant antigen vaccines. FAU - Desheva, Yulia A AU - Desheva YA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9794-3520 AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Gupalova, Tatiana V AU - Gupalova TV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4824-3621 AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Kudar, Polina A AU - Kudar PA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3342-5828 AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Leontieva, Galina F AU - Leontieva GF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9876-6594 AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Kudryavtsev, Igor V AU - Kudryavtsev IV AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Trulioff, Andrey S AU - Trulioff AS AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Guzenkov, Danila S AU - Guzenkov DS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-1680-399X AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Matyushenko, Victoria A AU - Matyushenko VA AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Bormotova, Elena A AU - Bormotova EA AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Sokolovsky, Daniil D AU - Sokolovsky DD AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-8530-8059 AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Matveev, Georgy A AU - Matveev GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2695-4924 AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. FAU - Nikolaev, Boris P AU - Nikolaev BP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7574-5996 AD - Technopark of St. Petersburg, Prospekt Medikov, 3, lit. A, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. AD - Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg 194064, Russia. FAU - Suvorov, Alexander N AU - Suvorov AN AD - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Academician Pavlova St., 12D, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia. LA - eng GR - FGWG-2026-0007/Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260417 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomedicines JT - Biomedicines JID - 101691304 PMC - PMC13113839 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IFN-gamma OT - IL-10 OT - IL-12p70 OT - PBMC stimulation OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - TNF-alpha OT - antigen-specific cellular immunity OT - cytokine profile OT - immune memory OT - long-term immune response OT - nucleocapsid protein OT - recombinant viral antigens OT - spike protein COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:32 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:33 PMCR- 2026/04/17 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:07 PHST- 2026/02/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biomedicines14040923 [pii] AID - biomedicines-14-00923 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biomedicines14040923 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomedicines. 2026 Apr 17;14(4):923. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines14040923. PMID- 42072390 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260504 LR - 20260813 IS - 2227-9059 (Print) IS - 2227-9059 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9059 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 8 TI - A Longitudinal Exploratory Study of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Dynamics in Young Adults in Bogota: Lessons from Natural Infection and Post-Vaccination Memory. LID - 10.3390/biomedicines14040849 [doi] LID - 849 AB - Background: Infections caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have generated major public health concerns worldwide. Young adults represent a critical group for viral transmission due to their high proportion of asymptomatic infections. Objective: To characterize the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in individuals aged 20-29 years from Bogota, Colombia, across two longitudinal phases. Methods: Phase I assessed seroprevalence, seroconversion, spatial clustering, symptoms associated with seropositivity and antibody kinetics following natural infection. Phase II evaluated vaccine-induced antibodies, immune memory, and neutralizing capacity. Analyses included Functional Principal Component Analysis, survival analysis, clustering, and predictive modeling. Results: In Phase I, a seroprevalence of 15.59% (17/109 participants enrolled) was observed, while seroconversion among those who completed all six sampling points was 30.18% (16/53), with clusters of positive cases in different areas of Bogota. The symptoms most associated with seropositivity included mucus hypersecretion, fever, and respiratory difficulty. Antibody responses were heterogeneous: naturally infected individuals generally showed high titers during the first 1-2 months, remaining detectable up to 4 months. The reduction in dimensionality suggested dominant humoral patterns, and clustering revealed two immune profiles differing in the risk of seroconversion. Predictive modeling indicated diverse antibody trajectories over 12 months. In Phase II (2024), three long-term immune memory clusters (low, medium, high) were observed; post-vaccination IgG titers were observed, although in most cases they lacked neutralizing activity. Conclusions: This longitudinal exploratory observational study provides an initial characterization of antibody dynamics in young adults, suggesting their potential epidemiological relevance and offering preliminary insights into post-infection and post-vaccination immunity. FAU - Naranjo-Ortiz, Maria F AU - Naranjo-Ortiz MF AD - Centro de Investigacion en Inmunologia e Infectologia Veterinaria (CI3V), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogota, Bogota 111321, Colombia. FAU - Parada-Rubio, Luz AU - Parada-Rubio L AD - Laboratorio de Investigacion en Ciencias Biologicas (LiCiB), Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencia y Tecnologia (CEINTECCI), Universidad ECCI, Bogota 111311, Colombia. FAU - Fuentes-Montoya, Jose AU - Fuentes-Montoya J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6574-5677 AD - Grupo INDEVOS, Data Science Program, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Ean, Bogota 111311, Colombia. FAU - Poveda, Jean Carlos Villamil AU - Poveda JCV AD - Centro de Investigaciones Odontologicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia. FAU - Torres-Suarez, Francy Elaine AU - Torres-Suarez FE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8547-2132 AD - Centro de Investigacion en Salud para el Tropico-CIST, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia-Sede Santa Marta, Santa Marta 470004, Colombia. FAU - Martinez-Diaz, Heidy-C AU - Martinez-Diaz HC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7239-6428 AD - Centro de Investigaciones Odontologicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia. FAU - Ortiz, Laura Daniela Ardila AU - Ortiz LDA AD - Grupo de Investigacion Armonia, Centro de Investigacion y Atencion Psicosocial Hanami, Bogota 111221, Colombia. FAU - Velosa-Porras, Juliana AU - Velosa-Porras J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1387-1935 AD - Centro de Investigaciones Odontologicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia. FAU - Jaramillo, Lorenza AU - Jaramillo L AD - Centro de Investigaciones Odontologicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia. FAU - Castillo, Jorge Andres AU - Castillo JA AD - Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia. FAU - Jaime, Jairo AU - Jaime J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7697-5101 AD - Centro de Investigacion en Inmunologia e Infectologia Veterinaria (CI3V), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogota, Bogota 111321, Colombia. FAU - Roa, Nelly S AU - Roa NS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9884-9242 AD - Centro de Investigaciones Odontologicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia. FAU - Corredor-Figueroa, Adriana P AU - Corredor-Figueroa AP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9839-6151 AD - Laboratorio de Investigacion en Ciencias Biologicas (LiCiB), Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencia y Tecnologia (CEINTECCI), Universidad ECCI, Bogota 111311, Colombia. LA - eng GR - BPIN 2020000100127/Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion/ GR - ID 20475, ID 20360/Pontificia Universidad Javeriana/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260408 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomedicines JT - Biomedicines JID - 101691304 PMC - PMC13113533 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bogota-Colombia OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - seroprevalence COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/04 06:33 MHDA- 2026/05/04 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/08 CRDT- 2026/05/04 01:07 PHST- 2026/02/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/04 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/04 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biomedicines14040849 [pii] AID - biomedicines-14-00849 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biomedicines14040849 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomedicines. 2026 Apr 8;14(4):849. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines14040849. PMID- 42034835 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1573-2592 (Electronic) IS - 0271-9142 (Print) IS - 0271-9142 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 25 TI - Three Doses and Six Months Later: Real-World SARS-CoV-2 Specific Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity in Children With Inborn Errors of Immunity. LID - 10.1007/s10875-026-02021-1 [doi] LID - 68 AB - PURPOSE: To assess the durability of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity following three doses of COVID-19 vaccine in children with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). METHODS: In this multi-center observational study, we compared SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral and T-cell immunity 24 weeks after the third dose of monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in children (5-18 years) with IEI and healthy controls (HC). Participants with IEI were categorized into predominant antibody deficiency (PAD) or non-PAD subgroups. RESULTS: Forty-three children with IEI (26 with PAD and 17 with non-PAD; 16 females, mean age 10.5 +/- 4 years) and 12 HC (7 females, mean age 14.1 +/- 3 years) were included. Anti-RBD IgG and anti-S IgG seropositivity was 100% in both groups. However, geometric mean concentrations (95% confidence interval) were significantly lower in IEI versus HC: 1,349.0 (905.4-2,009.9) vs. 3,324.2 (1,762.8-6,268.6) BAU/mL, p = 0.03 for anti-RBD IgG, and 1,336.4 (938.2 - 1,903.5) vs. 3,320.9 (2,158.4 - 5109.7), BAU/mL, p = 0.012 for anti-S IgG. Neutralizing antibody titers against ancestral and Omicron BA.1, BA.4/BA.5, and XBB.1.5 were also significantly lower in IEI, especially among PAD participants (p = 0.001). In contrast, S-specific T-cell responses did not differ significantly between IEI and HC. CONCLUSION: Six months after the third COVID-19 vaccine dose, children with IEI retained SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity, though antibody responses were attenuated, particularly among PAD cases. Importantly, spike-specific T-cell responses were preserved and comparable to HC. These findings underscore that, in real-world settings, children with IEI maintain durable SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immunity-including memory T-cell responses-highlighting the benefit of vaccination and the potential for continued immune protection despite impaired humoral responses. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Porto, Luana L T N AU - Porto LLTN AD - The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Yazji, Dina AU - Yazji D AD - Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Unninayar, Dana AU - Unninayar D AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Decaluwe, Helene AU - Decaluwe H AD - Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Derfalvi, Beata AU - Derfalvi B AD - Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Palma, Alejandro AU - Palma A AD - Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Issekutz, Thomas AU - Issekutz T AD - Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Kalashnikova, Tatiana AU - Kalashnikova T AD - Section of Hematology and Immunology, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Murguia-Favela, Luis AU - Murguia-Favela L AD - Section of Hematology and Immunology, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Pham-Huy, Anne AU - Pham-Huy A AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Rubin, Tamar AU - Rubin T AD - Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Children's Hospital Winnipeg, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. FAU - Suresh, Sneha AU - Suresh S AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. FAU - Upton, Julia AU - Upton J AD - The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Wright, Nicola A M AU - Wright NAM AD - Section of Hematology and Immunology, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Chapdelaine, Hugo AU - Chapdelaine H AD - Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM) and Department of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Falcone, Emilia Liana AU - Falcone EL AD - Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM) and Department of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Top, Karina A AU - Top KA AD - Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. FAU - Sadarangani, Manish AU - Sadarangani M AD - Department of Pediatrics, and Vaccine Evaluation Center, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada, Canada. FAU - Vinh, Donald C AU - Vinh DC AD - McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Barrett, Lisa AU - Barrett L AD - Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Oldford, Sharon AU - Oldford S AD - Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Langlois, Marc-Andre AU - Langlois MA AD - Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Arnold, Corey AU - Arnold C AD - Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Zhang, Tinghua AU - Zhang T AD - The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Ramsay, Tim AU - Ramsay T AD - The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Cowan, Juthaporn AU - Cowan J AD - The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. jcowan@toh.ca. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. jcowan@toh.ca. AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. jcowan@toh.ca. CN - VISID study investigators LA - eng GR - 2122-HQ-000073/The Canada COVID-19 Immunity Task Force, Public Health Agency of Canada/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260425 PL - Netherlands TA - J Clin Immunol JT - Journal of clinical immunology JID - 8102137 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Child MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - *Immunity, Cellular MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology PMC - PMC13284020 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - Children OT - Durability OT - Inborn errors of immunity OT - Memory responses COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: KAT and HD received grants from the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations outside the submitted work. MS has been an investigator on projects funded by GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Moderna, Pfizer and Sanofi-Pasteur. All funds have been paid to his institute, and he has not received any personal payments. JC has received consultation, speaker fees, and educational funding not related to this study from Takeda, CSL Behring, Grifols, and Octapharma, GSK, Pfizer, Astrazeneca, EMD Serono, and Avir Pharma. LMF is a member of the Data Safety Monitoring Committee for Encoded Therapeutics and has participated as an Advisory Board Member for Takeda, both unrelated to the submitted work. BD is a member of a Data Safety Monitoring Committee and has participated as an Advisory Board Member for Takeda, not related to this study. APH has received educational funding not related to this study from CSL Behring. The authors whose names are listed immediately below certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers' bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript: LLTNP, DY, DU, ELF, HC, DV, TI, JU, BS, TR, SS, NW, TK, LB, SO, MAL, CA, TZ, TR. FIR - Ritchie, Bruce IR - Ritchie B FIR - Buchan, Arianne C IR - Buchan AC FIR - Kalincinsky, Chrystyna IR - Kalincinsky C FIR - Haddad, Elie IR - Haddad E FIR - Touzot, Fabien IR - Touzot F FIR - Lacuesta, Gina IR - Lacuesta G FIR - Hildebrand, Kyla IR - Hildebrand K FIR - Kim, Vy IR - Kim V FIR - Betschel, Stephen D IR - Betschel SD EDAT- 2026/04/26 05:13 MHDA- 2026/06/22 13:42 PMCR- 2026/04/25 CRDT- 2026/04/25 23:57 PHST- 2025/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/26 05:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/25 23:57 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10875-026-02021-1 [pii] AID - 2021 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10875-026-02021-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Immunol. 2026 Apr 25;46(1):68. doi: 10.1007/s10875-026-02021-1. PMID- 42027105 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Pre-vaccination immune signatures of children with inborn errors of immunity associate with COVID-19 vaccine response. PG - 2661495 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2026.2661495 [doi] LID - 2661495 AB - Individuals with inborn errors of immunity often mount suboptimal responses to vaccination, yet the molecular determinants underlying their variable responses to mRNA vaccines remain poorly defined. The present study aimed to identify baseline immune transcriptional signatures predictive of humoral responses to the BNT162b2 (Comirnaty) mRNA vaccine in individuals with inborn errors of immunity. Twenty-one SARS-CoV-2-naive participants with diverse inborn errors of immunity were stratified as high or low responders to the BNT162b2 vaccine based on anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers at day 28 post-vaccination. Although vaccine-induced T cell responses were broadly comparable, low responders had significantly lower frequencies of switched memory B cells (p = .014). Transcriptional profiling revealed 41 differentially expressed genes between groups at baseline. Activated memory B cells and peripheral T follicular helper cells from high responders exhibited greater induction of activation and memory-related genes, including NFKB1, CD69, TIGIT, CD40L, and BATF, indicating greater intrinsic readiness to support coordinated antibody production. These findings demonstrate that distinct pre-vaccination gene expression patterns within specific immune subsets are associated with differential humoral responses to mRNA vaccination in individuals with inborn errors of immunity. More broadly, the study highlights that baseline molecular immune features substantially influence vaccine efficacy and suggests that pre-vaccination transcriptional profiling may enable more personalized vaccination strategies for individuals with impaired immunity. FAU - Palma, Paolo AU - Palma P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3066-4719 AD - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. AD - Vaccinopolis, Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination and Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. FAU - Emili, Elena AU - Emili E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6779-1378 AD - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. FAU - Pighi, Chiara AU - Pighi C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6163-0135 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Colantoni, Nicole AU - Colantoni N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-7122-1766 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Morrocchi, Elena AU - Morrocchi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3243-9291 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pascucci, Giuseppe Rubens AU - Pascucci GR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5978-1193 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Rivalta, Beatrice AU - Rivalta B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2199-289X AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Rotulo, Gioacchino Andrea AU - Rotulo GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6926-0877 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Rossetti, Chiara AU - Rossetti C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8200-8724 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Santilli, Veronica AU - Santilli V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1329-6827 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Zangari, Paola AU - Zangari P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0892-6222 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Manno, Emma Concetta AU - Manno EC AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0095-8167 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sanna, Marco AU - Sanna M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5709-5782 AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Finocchi, Andrea AU - Finocchi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0958-8536 AD - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cancrini, Caterina AU - Cancrini C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8410-9617 AD - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cicalese, Maria Pia AU - Cicalese MP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0371-3279 AD - Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program and San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. FAU - Cenciarelli, Sabina AU - Cenciarelli S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1413-4371 AD - Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program and San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cirillo, Emilia AU - Cirillo E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0605-649X AD - Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. FAU - Giardino, Giuliana AU - Giardino G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0621-9527 AD - Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. FAU - Moschese, Viviana AU - Moschese V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7650-0632 AD - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. FAU - Amodio, Donato AU - Amodio D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4550-3018 AD - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cotugno, Nicola AU - Cotugno N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7748-1581 AD - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. AD - Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260424 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - Male MH - Child MH - Female MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Child, Preschool MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Vaccination MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology PMC - PMC13114128 OAB - People with inborn errors of immunity do not gain the same level of protection from vaccines as others but the reasons underlying such phenomena are not fully understood. In this study, 21 participants with this condition, who had never had COVID-19, received the BNT162b2 (Comirnaty) mRNA vaccine. Participants were classified as "high responders" or "low responders" based on the amount of antibodies they produced 28 d after vaccination. While both groups showed similar T cell responses, which help fight infections, low responders had fewer switched memory B cells, a type of immune cell important for producing strong and long-lasting antibodies. To investigate why these differences occurred, researchers examined several immune cell types before vaccination. After stimulating these cells in the laboratory, 41 genes were identified as being different between high and low responders. High responders showed stronger activity in genes that help immune cells respond and remember infections. These results show that differences already present in the immune system before vaccination can influence how well people with inborn errors of immunity respond to an mRNA vaccine. Understanding these differences may help researchers find better ways to protect people with immune deficiencies and improve vaccine effectiveness for everyone. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - COVID-19 OT - Inborn errors of immunity OT - T follicular helper cells OT - antibody response OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cells OT - transcriptional profiling OT - vaccine response biomarkers COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. NC, DA and GRP are respectively co-founders and CEO of Probiomics SRL, which is unrelated to the present work. EDAT- 2026/04/24 06:33 MHDA- 2026/04/24 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/24 CRDT- 2026/04/24 04:03 PHST- 2026/04/24 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/24 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/24 04:03 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2661495 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2026.2661495 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2026 Dec;22(1):2661495. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2026.2661495. Epub 2026 Apr 24. PMID- 42022686 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260423 LR - 20260813 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Critical Evaluation of the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Child Health and Wellbeing and Suggested Preparedness for Future Pandemics-A Narrative Review. PG - e72073 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.72073 [doi] LID - e72073 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The immediate and long-term effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the children go beyond just being a viral infection. A child's mental health and psychological issues like irritability, anxiety, sadness, non-attentiveness, attention deficit and hyperactive disorder needed evaluation. Based on these study queries, an investigation was carried out to correlate the psychological state and the emergency measures in children with respect to the health and wellbeing outcomes. METHODS: A web-search across scientific databases like the Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed was undertaken for a situational review through available literature, and derive credible solutions. This narrative review included peer-reviewed articles published between January 2020 and February 2026 in English language, focusing on children wellbeing in wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. After analysing the authenticity and relevance of the literature, 158 articles/data were shortlisted for further analyses. The data were qualitatively validated, synthesised into discrete sections and interpreted in the context of the objective of the study. RESULT: Children particularly in low-economy families were likely to experience violence and abuse if they stayed for long in high-risk settings like refugee settlements for internally displaced community. On the contrary, the children of high-economy families had weight gain issues owing to erratic consumption patterns of high-calorie food (like dairy products and sugar-rich packaged snacks) coupled with restricted or limited physical activities. Their dietary patterns and unhealthy eating habits needed monitoring and restrictions to curb obesity risk in the long run. Elevated stress, anxiety and depression levels in a child may result in cognitive impairment. The possibilities of their getting addicted, developing insomnia and acquiring non-communicable illnesses were aspects to consider. Preventive measures like social distancing, lockdowns and shutdowns and mass vaccination drives had wider and critical long-term impact on the young and adolescent. Formulating workable modalities to identify critical influencing factors of a pandemic and assess the impact on the children and beyond is essential for foolproof solutions to combat future occurrences. CONCLUSION: Identifying the associated risk factors and correlating the emergency measures and psychological health seem essential. The supply of quality food seamlessly to the affected communities and the provision of protective gears for the healthcare workers could help keep the children well-fed and relaxed while ensuring the wellbeing of healthcare workers. Maternal and infant care, child-health services, and life-saving medicines and vaccines would also help ease the pressure. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Mohapatra, Ranjan K AU - Mohapatra RK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7623-3343 AD - Department of Chemistry Government College of Engineering Keonjhar Odisha India. FAU - Sarangi, Ashish K AU - Sarangi AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5602-4736 AD - Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences Centurion University of Technology and Management R. Sitapur India. FAU - Pattnaik, Gurudutta AU - Pattnaik G AD - School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences Centurion University of Technology and Management R. Sitapur India. FAU - Singh, Puneet K AU - Singh PK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1424-7648 AD - School of Biotechnology, Campus-11 KIIT Deemed-to-be-University Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Dash, Rasmita AU - Dash R AD - School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences Centurion University of Technology and Management R. Sitapur India. FAU - Kandi, Venkataramana AU - Kandi V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7197-0448 AD - Department of Microbiology Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences Karimnagar Telangana India. FAU - Kutikuppala, L V Simhachalam AU - Kutikuppala LVS AD - Department of General Surgery Dr NTR University of Health Sciences Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh India. FAU - Sahoo, Rudra Narayan AU - Sahoo RN AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Mishra, Snehasish AU - Mishra S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2139-0075 AD - School of Biotechnology, Campus-11 KIIT Deemed-to-be-University Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Mishra, Anita AU - Mishra A AD - QA Lead India RASA AI, ChatOwl Inc. 201 Spear Street, Suite 1100 San Francisco California USA. FAU - Nasker, Sourya Subhra AU - Nasker SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5020-5595 AD - School of Biotechnology, Campus-11 KIIT Deemed-to-be-University Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Nayak, Sasmita AU - Nayak S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8663-5802 AD - School of Biotechnology, Campus-11 KIIT Deemed-to-be-University Bhubaneswar Odisha India. FAU - Alrasheed, Hayam A AU - Alrasheed HA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6186-848X AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. FAU - Kaabi, Nawal A Al AU - Kaabi NAA AD - College of Medicine and Health Science Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates. AD - Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA) Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates. FAU - Alshengeti, Amer AU - Alshengeti A AD - Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Taibah University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Prince Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz Hospital National Guard Health Affairs Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia. FAU - Abdulkhaliq, Altaf A AU - Abdulkhaliq AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8148-1103 AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia. FAU - Rabaan, Ali A AU - Rabaan AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6774-9847 AD - Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare Dhahran Saudi Arabia. AD - College of Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Public Health and Nutrition The University of Haripur Haripur Pakistan. FAU - Al-Subaie, Maha F AU - Al-Subaie MF AD - College of Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group Riyadh Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alhumaid, Saad AU - Alhumaid S AD - School of Pharmacy University of Tasmania Hobart Australia. FAU - Dhama, Kuldeep AU - Dhama K AD - Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India. FAU - Kudrat-E-Zahan, Md AU - Kudrat-E-Zahan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8159-5293 AD - Department of Chemistry Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260317 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC13098172 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-associated complication OT - child nutrition OT - children OT - mental health OT - yoga COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/23 06:32 MHDA- 2026/04/23 06:33 PMCR- 2026/03/17 CRDT- 2026/04/23 05:13 PHST- 2024/09/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/23 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/23 05:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR272073 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.72073 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2026 Mar 17;9(3):e72073. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.72073. eCollection 2026 Mar. PMID- 41987025 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260715 IS - 1473-6527 (Electronic) IS - 0951-7375 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jun 1 TI - Neurological manifestations of respiratory viral infections. PG - 218-226 LID - 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001189 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes current evidence on the general epidemiology, routes of central nervous system (CNS) invasion, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment considerations associated with neurological complications of respiratory viral infections. Greater awareness of the neurological impact of respiratory viral infections is crucial to improving patient outcomes and mitigating long-term burden of these diseases. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies have reinforced the association between respiratory viral infections and a broad spectrum of neurological complications. Evidence accumulated during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has expanded this awareness, and emerging data suggest that immune-mediated mechanisms such as glial cell activation, rather than direct viral neurotropism alone, play a central role in CNS injury. Although diagnostic limitations still exist, some advances have been made to increase specificity of resources available for clinicians, particularly PCR and immunologic profiling. Furthermore, vaccination against certain respiratory viruses may reduce the risk of subsequent neurodegenerative disease, highlighting the potential impact of preventive strategies on long-term neurological burden. SUMMARY: Establishing causality between respiratory viral infections and subsequent neurological dysfunction remains challenging given the ubiquitous nature of many respiratory viruses and their capacity to cause lifelong latent or persistent infection. Even though some efforts have been made to optimize diagnosis and treatment, addressing these challenges will require further coordinated efforts across clinicians, researchers and healthcare policymakers. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Mora Castano, Irene AU - Mora Castano I AD - Multi-Partner RED-LAT Consortium on Dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). FAU - Hasbun, Rodrigo AU - Hasbun R AD - Infectious Diseases - Department of Internal Medicine UTHealth Houston, TX, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260404 PL - United States TA - Curr Opin Infect Dis JT - Current opinion in infectious diseases JID - 8809878 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Respiratory Tract Infections/complications/virology/epidemiology MH - *Nervous System Diseases/virology/etiology/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - *Virus Diseases/complications MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 OTO - NOTNLM OT - encephalitis OT - neurological manifestations OT - postinfectious neurological sequelae OT - respiratory viral infections OT - virus related neuroinflammation EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/04/29 18:35 CRDT- 2026/04/16 00:53 PHST- 2026/04/29 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/16 00:53 [entrez] AID - 00001432-990000000-00290 [pii] AID - 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001189 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 1;39(3):218-226. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001189. Epub 2026 Apr 4. PMID- 41985440 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260926 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 59 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr 14 TI - Immunological memory to vaccines. PG - 813-832 LID - S1074-7613(26)00089-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.02.019 [doi] AB - The extraordinary success of vaccines saving lives and improving human health is predicated on immune memory. Within the armamentarium of adaptive immunity, a holistic view of the different components contributing to immune protection is important for understanding the myriad benefits of vaccines. This review presents the current understanding of vaccine-generated memory, integrating layers of immunity including B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and antibody responses, with emphasis on human vaccine data. Functions and durability of distinct memory types are considered, including those of tissue-resident and circulating cells as well as hybrid immunity, and within this context, common misconceptions and important next questions are discussed. Understanding the multifaceted layers that underlie protective immunity can guide future vaccines and broader immune-focused interventions. A video lecture accompanies this review (https://youtu.be/8DeZJ6V7nuI). VIDEO ABSTRACT. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: shane@lji.org. LA - eng GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI144462/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - *Vaccines/immunology MH - Animals MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Adaptive Immunity MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control PMC - PMC13124080 MID - NIHMS2163931 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B(RM) OT - COVID OT - T(RM) OT - hybrid immunity OT - plasma cells OT - resident memory COIS- Declaration of interests The author declares no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/16 13:09 MHDA- 2026/04/16 13:10 PMCR- 2026/04/28 CRDT- 2026/04/15 18:16 PHST- 2025/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/16 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/15 18:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(26)00089-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.02.019 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2026 Apr 14;59(4):813-832. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.02.019. PMID- 41973883 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process LR - 20260605 IS - 1097-6825 (Electronic) IS - 0091-6749 (Linking) VI - 157 IP - 6 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Three-dose COVID-19 vaccination elicits immune memory in patients with inborn errors of immunity even in the absence of neutralizing antibodies. PG - 1450-1453 LID - S0091-6749(26)00181-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2026.02.040 [doi] FAU - Edwards, Emily S J AU - Edwards ESJ AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: emily.edwards@monash.edu. FAU - Gugasyan, Raffi AU - Gugasyan R AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia; Immunohaematology Research Group, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia; Diagnostic Markers and Chronic Immune Disorders Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Varese, Nirupama AU - Varese N AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Sun, Shir AU - Sun S AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia; Immunohaematology Research Group, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia; Diagnostic Markers and Chronic Immune Disorders Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Canning, Jessica E AU - Canning JE AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Blight, Ebony G AU - Blight EG AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Aui, Pei M AU - Aui PM AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Boo, Irene AU - Boo I AD - Viral Entry and Vaccines Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Turville, Stuart AU - Turville S AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Aggarwal, Anupriya AU - Aggarwal A AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Ojaimi, Samar AU - Ojaimi S AD - Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia; Monash Pathology, Monash Infectious Diseases, and Monash Lung, Sleep, Allergy and Immunology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash Health and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Bosco, Julian J AU - Bosco JJ AD - Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Stojanovic, Stephanie AU - Stojanovic S AD - Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Hogarth, P Mark AU - Hogarth PM AD - Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. FAU - Drummer, Heidi E AU - Drummer HE AD - Viral Entry and Vaccines Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia. FAU - Bornheimer, Scott J AU - Bornheimer SJ AD - BD Biosciences, San Jose, Calif. FAU - O'Hehir, Robyn E AU - O'Hehir RE AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - van Zelm, Menno C AU - van Zelm MC AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: m.vanzelm@erasmusmc.nl. LA - eng PT - Letter DEP - 20260413 PL - United States TA - J Allergy Clin Immunol JT - The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology JID - 1275002 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Inborn errors of immunity OT - immune memory OT - neutralizing antibodies COIS- Disclosure statement Supported by the Australian Medical Research Future Fund (project no. 2016108), the Jeffrey Modell Foundation, and the Allergy and Immunology Foundation of Australasia (a Primary Immunodeficiency Clinical Research Grant [supported by CSL Behring, Australia]). Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: M. C. van Zelm, R. E. O'Hehir, and P. M. Hogarth are inventers on a patent application related to this work. S. J. Bornheimer is an employee of and owns stock in BD. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/13 18:31 MHDA- 2026/04/13 18:31 CRDT- 2026/04/13 14:57 PHST- 2025/10/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/13 18:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/13 14:57 [entrez] AID - S0091-6749(26)00181-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2026.02.040 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2026 Jun;157(6):1450-1453. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2026.02.040. Epub 2026 Apr 13. PMID- 41939860 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2026 TI - Immune correlates underlying small fiber neuropathy presenting as vaccine-associated post-acute SARS- coronavirus syndrome. PG - 1752120 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1752120 [doi] LID - 1752120 AB - BACKGROUND: A spectrum of adverse events overlapping with Post-acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) occurs in some patients following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination including small fiber neuropathy (SFN) and cognitive symptoms. AIMS: Accruing information regarding disease course and immune response imbalances in these patients. METHODS: We studied 71 previously healthy patients with neurological symptoms following SARS-CoV-vaccination. All had negative neurological workup for central/peripheral involvement (MR, EMG/EN). Cutaneous biopsy (21pts.) and peripheral blood sampling (20pts) were performed for anti-idiotype Ab analysis (ACE-2,NRP-1) (ELISA, IF) and for Flowcytometric analysis. RESULTS: Paresthesia, cognitive impairment and autonomic symptoms agreed with SFN international definition. Comparative differences included abrupt onset, presence of simultaneous diverse paresthesia across multiple body regions frequently affecting the facial and cervical regions (44%) and the trunk (26%), associated to dysautonomia. Median time from vaccination to symptom manifestation was 3 days (mean +/- SD: 8.76 +/- 17.4 days). Symptom severity was still high (5.9 +/- 1.9 mean+SD) at the time of evaluation and sampling, (382 +/- 133 days from onset. Reduced small fiber density was observed in 19/21 biopsies. Anti-ACE-2 antibodies in 9/71pts. (12%) and 4/19 (21%) vaccinated HD sera and NRP-1 reactivity in 14/71 (20%) patient and 1/19 (5%) HD sera were not significantly increased. Peripheral NKG2D+CD8+ and NKG2D+DNAM-1+CD4+ T-cells were increased. Circulating inflammatory CD34+ cells were increased and generated in vitro a prevalence of NKG2D+DNAM-1+ T-cells. CONCLUSION: PASC-vac SFN is associated with persistent immune imbalances common to other immune-mediated diseases. Additional effort to identify immune mechanisms unleashing PASC-vac SFN will contribute to modulate future early interventions for these patients and refine vaccine design. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Limongelli, Bozzano, Hajabbas Farshchi, Bellucci, Bavastro, Castellano, Pesce, Antonini, Incensi, Giannoccaro, Uccelli, Del Zotto, Moretta, Donadio, Benedetti and De Maria. FAU - Limongelli, Alessandro AU - Limongelli A AD - Universita degli Studi di Genova, Department of Health Sciences, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Bozzano, Federica AU - Bozzano F AD - Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy. FAU - Hajabbas Farshchi, Alireza AU - Hajabbas Farshchi A AD - Universita degli Studi di Genova, Department of Health Sciences, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Bellucci, Margherita AU - Bellucci M AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Bavastro, Martina AU - Bavastro M AD - Universita degli Studi di Genova, Department of Health Sciences, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Castellano, Chiara AU - Castellano C AD - Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy. FAU - Pesce, Giampaola AU - Pesce G AD - Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy. FAU - Antonini, Francesca AU - Antonini F AD - Integrated Department of Services and Laboratories, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy. FAU - Incensi, Alex AU - Incensi A AD - IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Giannoccaro, Maria Pia AU - Giannoccaro MP AD - IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Uccelli, Antonio AU - Uccelli A AD - Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Del Zotto, Genny AU - Del Zotto G AD - Integrated Department of Services and Laboratories, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy. FAU - Moretta, Lorenzo AU - Moretta L AD - Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Donadio, Vincenzo AU - Donadio V AD - IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Benedetti, Luana AU - Benedetti L AD - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy. FAU - De Maria, Andrea AU - De Maria A AD - Universita degli Studi di Genova, Department of Health Sciences, Genoa, Italy. AD - S.C. Malattie Infettive, Azienda Sociosanitaria Ligure n.5, La Spezia, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260319 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Small Fiber Neuropathy/immunology/etiology/pathology MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects/immunology MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Aged PMC - PMC13043346 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long-COVID OT - NKG2D OT - PASC OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - innate-like T cells OT - post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - small fiber neuropathy OT - vaccine COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/04/06 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/06 12:37 PMCR- 2026/03/19 CRDT- 2026/04/06 06:21 PHST- 2025/11/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 06:21 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1752120 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2026 Mar 19;17:1752120. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1752120. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41939224 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260406 LR - 20261027 IS - 1662-5161 (Print) IS - 1662-5161 (Electronic) IS - 1662-5161 (Linking) VI - 20 DP - 2026 TI - Factors associated with severe neurological sequelae of COVID-19: findings from the multicenter COVID-BRAIN imaging cohort. PG - 1754342 LID - 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1754342 [doi] LID - 1754342 AB - INTRODUCTION: Neurological post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (neuroPASC) are associated with persistent cognitive dysfunction and quality-of-life decline. We aimed to identify clinical, behavioral and sociodemographic factors associated with neuroPASC symptom burden two years after COVID-19 among individuals without prior neurological disease. METHODS: In this prospective, observational study, individuals with neuroPASC (n = 102) and controls without symptomatic COVID-19 (n = 74), all without prior neurological, psychiatric, or post-viral conditions, were enrolled between February 2022 and June 2024 across five academic sites. An unsupervised algorithm identified clusters with differing self-reported neurological symptom burden within the neuroPASC group. Functional differences between clusters were evaluated using quality-of-life, neurological and cognitive evaluations. Demographics, behavioral history, comorbidities, and blood biomarkers were compared across clusters and controls. Multivariable logistic regression assessed predictors of neuroPASC severity, including demographics, body-mass-index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Framingham Risk Score, pre-existing endocrine/metabolic and/or gastrointestinal/hepatobiliary conditions, COVID-19 vaccination prior to infection, hospitalization during acute infection, and cumulative alcohol use. RESULTS: Two clusters emerged based on neurological symptom burden, labeled "high-burden" and "low-burden" neuroPASC, reflecting differences in the number and frequency of symptoms. Both clusters had deficits in quality-of-life and cognitive function compared to controls, with greater impairment in high-burden than low-burden neuroPASC. The clusters did not differ by sex, education, tobacco and cannabis use, blood pressure, body-mass-index, HbA1C, days since infection, hospitalization during COVID-19, pre-COVID vaccination rate, antibody-positivity, inflammation, and neurodegeneration biomarkers. The high-burden cluster was older and exhibited higher comorbidity burden and greater cumulative alcohol use compared with the low-burden cluster and controls. Pre-existing endocrine/metabolic and gastrointestinal/hepatobiliary conditions were more common in high-burden (63%) than in low-burden neuroPASC (35%). After adjusting for clinical and demographic factors, these pre-existing conditions remained the only independent predictor of severity, conferring a 3.5-fold increase in the odds of high-burden versus low-burden neuroPASC. DISCUSSION: Older age, higher comorbidity burden, greater cumulative alcohol use, and endocrine/metabolic and gastrointestinal conditions, rather than acute COVID-19 severity, were observed in the high-burden neuroPASC cluster. After multivariable adjustment, only pre-existing endocrine/metabolic and/or gastrointestinal/hepatobiliary conditions remained independently associated with high-burden neuroPASC, conferring a 3.5-fold increase in odds and highlighting the need for targeted post-infection monitoring in at-risk patients. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Silva, Byrne, Pollak, Gundry, Manousakis, Metzler, Lenglet, Eberly, Kendall-Thomas, Kantarci, Zeydan, Mukerji, Yasar, Ashizawa, Kantarci, Ratai, Oz and COVID-BRAIN Investigators. FAU - Silva, Ana I AU - Silva AI AD - Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. FAU - Byrne, Keenan Christopher AU - Byrne KC AD - Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States. FAU - Pollak, Lauren AU - Pollak L AD - Department of Psychiatry, Psychology Assessment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Gundry, Katherine AU - Gundry K AD - Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. FAU - Manousakis, Georgios E AU - Manousakis GE AD - Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. FAU - Metzler, Abby I AU - Metzler AI AD - Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. FAU - Lenglet, Christophe AU - Lenglet C AD - Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. FAU - Eberly, Lynn E AU - Eberly LE AD - Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. AD - Division of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. FAU - Kendall-Thomas, June AU - Kendall-Thomas J AD - Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Kantarci, Orhun H AU - Kantarci OH AD - Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Zeydan, Burcu AU - Zeydan B AD - Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Mukerji, Shibani S AU - Mukerji SS AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Yasar, Sevil AU - Yasar S AD - Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Ashizawa, Tetsuo AU - Ashizawa T AD - Stanley Appel Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX, United States. FAU - Kantarci, Kejal AU - Kantarci K AD - Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Ratai, Eva-Maria AU - Ratai EM AD - Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Oz, Gulin AU - Oz G AD - Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. CN - COVID-BRAIN Investigators LA - eng GR - R01 NS124065/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260319 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Hum Neurosci JT - Frontiers in human neuroscience JID - 101477954 PMC - PMC13044115 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - blood biomarkers OT - long COVID OT - neurocognitive impairment OT - post-acute COVID-19 COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors GM and CL declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. FIR - Joers, James M IR - Joers JM FIR - Lorente, Alfredo IR - Lorente A FIR - Thotland, Jeromy IR - Thotland J FIR - Lavallee, Jaime IR - Lavallee J FIR - Deelchand, Dinesh K IR - Deelchand DK FIR - Woo Park, Young IR - Woo Park Y FIR - Li, Xiufeng IR - Li X FIR - Atik, Merve IR - Atik M FIR - Senjem, Matthew L IR - Senjem ML FIR - Juttukonda, Meher R IR - Juttukonda MR FIR - Salat, David H IR - Salat DH FIR - Sherman, Janet C IR - Sherman JC FIR - Harrold, G Kyle IR - Harrold GK FIR - Nabi, Mehreen IR - Nabi M FIR - Rehman, Sana IR - Rehman S FIR - Ozdemir, Ipek IR - Ozdemir I FIR - Senapati, Dillip IR - Senapati D FIR - Barker, Peter B IR - Barker PB FIR - Karmonik, Christof IR - Karmonik C FIR - Gillani, Syed A IR - Gillani SA FIR - Flores, Valerie IR - Flores V FIR - Davis, Rachel IR - Davis R EDAT- 2026/04/06 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/06 12:37 PMCR- 2026/03/19 CRDT- 2026/04/06 06:16 PHST- 2025/11/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/06 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/06 06:16 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1754342 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Hum Neurosci. 2026 Mar 19;20:1754342. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1754342. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41906364 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1529-8027 (Electronic) IS - 1085-9489 (Print) IS - 1085-9489 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Jun TI - A Next-Generation ELISA for the Detection of Anti-(Para)Nodal Antibodies in Autoimmune Nodopathy and COVID-19 Vaccinated Individuals. PG - e70117 LID - 10.1111/jns.70117 [doi] LID - e70117 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Autoimmune nodopathy (AN) is a subtype of antibody-mediated inflammatory neuropathy targeting the node of Ranvier (NoR). Diagnosis requires detection of anti-(para)nodal autoantibodies like contactin-1 and neurofascin-155 via ELISA or cell-based assays, but protocols are inconsistent. Causes of node autoimmunity are unknown, and respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination as triggers, have not been thoroughly investigated. We aim to establish and validate a next-generation automated ELISA for anti-(para)nodal antibodies and investigate whether low-titer antibodies occur in recently COVID-19-vaccinated healthy individuals. METHODS: We used the Ella platform to customize an automated ELISA for anti-contactin-1, -neurofascin-155, and -Caspr-1 serum IgG. Patients with known AN (23 anti-neurofascin, 13 anti-contactin-1, and 8 anti-Caspr-1), 64 patients with seronegative (sub) acute inflammatory neuropathies, and 30 healthy controls served for validation, including quality analysis versus standard ELISA. Thirty-seven diagnostic samples of patients with suspected AN and 280 sera of healthcare workers included in the CoVacSer study, collected 3 weeks after COVID-19 vaccination or infection, were tested for anti-contactin-1 and anti-neurofascin-155. RESULTS: The automated ELISA showed high sensitivity (87.5%-100%) and specificity (98.4%-100%) for identifying AN, with reduced hands-on time, high automation, and similar quality and titer characteristics as standard ELISA. Low-titer anti-neurofascin-155, but no anti-contactin-1 autoantibodies, were detected in 1/280 post-SARS-CoV-2-vaccination or infection sera (0.36%). Longitudinal testing and clinical assessment did not indicate SARS-CoV-2-related neurological symptoms. INTERPRETATION: We provide a highly automated, rapid, universally applicable test platform for anti-(para)nodal antibodies. The low frequency of anti-(para)nodal antibodies and absence of clinical AN manifestations in COVID-19-vaccinated individuals support vaccination safety regarding AN development. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Peripheral Nerve Society. FAU - Appeltshauser, Luise AU - Appeltshauser L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5248-4009 AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Ruprecht, Chiara AU - Ruprecht C AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Reusch, Julia AU - Reusch J AD - Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Mees, Juliane AU - Mees J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-4383-3107 AD - Central Laboratory Unit, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Glenewinkel, Helena AU - Glenewinkel H AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Sommer, Claudia AU - Sommer C AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine and Pain Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Krone, Manuel AU - Krone M AD - Central Laboratory Unit, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Wagenhauser, Isabell AU - Wagenhauser I AD - Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Doppler, Kathrin AU - Doppler K AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Petri, Nils AU - Petri N AD - Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. LA - eng GR - AP1/1/Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Muskelkranke/ GR - 01KX2021/German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, BMBF)/ GR - 01KX2121/German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, BMBF)/ GR - Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Peripher Nerv Syst JT - Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS JID - 9704532 RN - 0 (Autoantibodies) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Contactin 1) RN - 0 (Nerve Growth Factors) RN - 0 (Cell Adhesion Molecules) RN - 0 (NFASC protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods MH - Female MH - *Autoantibodies/blood MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Male MH - Contactin 1/immunology MH - Nerve Growth Factors/immunology MH - Aged MH - Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC13033911 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - ELISA OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - autoimmune nodopathy OT - contactin-1 OT - neurofascin EDAT- 2026/03/30 06:29 MHDA- 2026/03/30 06:30 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/03/30 01:23 PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/30 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/30 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/30 01:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JNS70117 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jns.70117 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2026 Jun;31(2):e70117. doi: 10.1111/jns.70117. PMID- 41832317 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 14 TI - Characterizing persistent Post-COVID-19 vaccination symptoms using MedDRA system organ class and preferred term classifications. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-43949-z [doi] LID - 12366 AB - Post-COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome (PCVS) refers to persistent, multisystemic symptoms developing after SARS-CoV-2 immunization. We established a nationwide registry across 14 Japanese outpatient clinics and analyzed 179 "clinically definitive" cases from 279 enrollees (December 2020-August 2023). All adverse events (AEs) were coded using MedDRA/J Preferred Terms and System Organ Classes; severity followed NCI-CTCAE V5.0. The cohort (66.5% female; mean age 59 years) experienced 493 AEs (median 2 per patient, range 1-29). Three System Organ Classes-General Disorders (29.2%), Nervous System Disorders (22.3%), and Musculoskeletal Disorders (10.1%)-accounted for 61.7% of events; fatigue, brain fog, dizziness, and extremity pain predominated. While 69.4% of AEs arose within 90 days post-vaccination, 12.4% appeared >/= 360 days later. Severe AEs (>/= Grade 3) occurred in 14.6% of patients; overall improvement was 65.1%, leaving 29.4% unresolved. A provisional phenotype classification combining symptom patterns, onset timing, and severity identified high-risk subgroups with > 60% non-recovery rates. These findings underscore the need for enhanced post-vaccination surveillance systems and comprehensive care frameworks specifically tailored to address the protean manifestations and persistent nature of PCVS. FAU - Fujisawa, Akinori AU - Fujisawa A AD - Kokoro Medical Corporation, Honbetsu Cardiovascular Medicine Clinic, Hokkaido, Japan. FAU - Kodama, Shinichiro AU - Kodama S AD - Kodama Hospital & Kodama Medical Office, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Konishi, Nafuko AU - Konishi N AD - Viola Clinic, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Ueda, Jun AU - Ueda J AD - Department of Advanced Medical Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan. FAU - Kitagawa, Akiko AU - Kitagawa A AD - Kitaris Co., Ltd, Aichi, Japan. FAU - Okada, Eri AU - Okada E AD - Kitaris Co., Ltd, Aichi, Japan. FAU - Miyokawa, Mariko AU - Miyokawa M AD - Kitaris Co., Ltd, Aichi, Japan. FAU - Hirai, Yuriko AU - Hirai Y AD - MCL Corporation, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Nakatani, Eiji AU - Nakatani E AD - Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan. nakatani.eiji.int@gmail.com. FAU - Fukushima, Masanori AU - Fukushima M AD - Learning Health Society Institute, Nagoya, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260314 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Japan/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Registries PMC - PMC13079843 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adverse drug reaction reporting systems OT - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects OT - Chronic OT - Fatigue syndrome OT - Nervous system diseases/etiology OT - Pharmacovigilance OT - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/15 06:49 MHDA- 2026/06/27 12:36 PMCR- 2026/03/14 CRDT- 2026/03/15 00:17 PHST- 2025/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/15 06:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/15 00:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-43949-z [pii] AID - 43949 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-43949-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Mar 14;16(1):12366. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-43949-z. PMID- 41824149 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20261009 IS - 1534-6293 (Electronic) IS - 1528-4042 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar 13 TI - Cognition and Long COVID: a Review. LID - 15 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s11910-026-01485-3 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Provide an overview of current knowledge regarding cognitive issues in patients with long COVID, also termed brain fog or cognitive COVID. RECENT FINDINGS: Subjective cognitive symptoms in long COVID patients are common but often go undetected by traditional standardised cognitive test batteries. This discrepancy poses a major clinical and societal problem, given the prevalence, protracted course and impact of cognitive COVID on work functioning. New, online assessment methods for cognitive function are feasible and corroborate subjective self-report symptoms, finding executive function impairments in cognitive COVID. As vaccination protects against brain fog and not against anxiety and depression in long COVID, brain fog can be seen as a core symptom of long COVID, concerning executive functioning, and a direct effect of neurotropic viral brain infiltration. Depression and anxiety are comorbid conditions due to indirect factors associated with the pandemic, such as increased social isolation and loss of work. Ongoing vaccination programs should not only target the elderly, but also working-age people. Online cognitive assessment batteries are recommended for assessment and treatment monitoring in long COVID. Integrated care is recommended given the high rate of multimorbidity. Future research might explore the effects of antiviral medication, modulation of the immune response, and GLP-1 agonists in long COVID. FAU - van der Feltz-Cornelis, Christina M AU - van der Feltz-Cornelis CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6925-8956 AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of York, ARRC Building, MHARG, Heslington York, York, YO10 5DD, UK. christina.vanderfeltz-cornelis@york.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260313 PL - United States TA - Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep JT - Current neurology and neuroscience reports JID - 100931790 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/psychology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Pandemics MH - *Cognition Disorders/etiology MH - *Cognition/physiology MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology MH - Neuropsychological Tests OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain fog OT - Cognitive function OT - Diagnostic assessment OT - Integrated care OT - Long COVID OT - Review OT - Vaccination COIS- Declarations. Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/03/13 19:31 MHDA- 2026/06/27 12:36 CRDT- 2026/03/13 12:18 PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/13 19:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/13 12:18 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11910-026-01485-3 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11910-026-01485-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2026 Mar 13;26(1):15. doi: 10.1007/s11910-026-01485-3. PMID- 41819160 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260810 IS - 1878-3511 (Electronic) IS - 1201-9712 (Linking) VI - 166 DP - 2026 May TI - Prevalence of post-COVID symptoms across variants of concern and follow-up periods: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 108522 LID - S1201-9712(26)00157-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108522 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoC) and post-COVID symptom duration remains unexplored. This is the first study to evaluate post-COVID prevalence stratified by VoC and follow-up periods. METHODS: Six databases were searched (12/2019-12/2024) for studies of adults with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 and symptoms lasting >/=3 months. Data were stratified by VoC (Alpha through Omicron) and follow-up (<6 vs >/=6 months) to estimate pooled prevalence using random-effects models. RESULTS: Pooled prevalence across 35 studies (n = 159,000) was 28.5% (95% CI: 21.6-36.0), higher in pre-Omicron (35.5%) than Omicron (22.8%) eras (P = 0.04). Symptoms persisted beyond 6 months in 29.9% of cases. Fatigue was the most prevalent symptom across all VoCs and follow-ups followed by brain fog, dyspnea, and sleep impairment. Pre-Omicron variants were linked to dyspnea and anosmia, while Omicron was associated with brain fog and paresthesia. Most symptoms showed no significant reduction beyond 6 months. Sleep problems were higher in early pre-Omicron cohorts but improved over time; conversely, palpitations and ocular manifestations increased in later pre-Omicron follow-ups. CONCLUSION: Post-COVID condition remains a burden despite vaccination. Distinct symptomatology patterns across VoC and timelines highlight the need for tailored management strategies to mitigate long-term global impacts. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Lugtu, Eiron John AU - Lugtu EJ AD - Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Iv, Delfin Ynigo Pilapil AU - Iv DYP AD - Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Cabunoc, Mikhail Harvey AU - Cabunoc MH AD - Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Bautista, Joshua Lawrence AU - Bautista JL AD - Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Pleta, Francis Matthew AU - Pleta FM AD - Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Ng, Jeremy Ace AU - Ng JA AD - College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Shahid, Farid AU - Shahid F AD - National Institute of Neurological Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. FAU - Carandang, Timothy Hudson David Culasino AU - Carandang THDC AD - Research Development Unit, Dr. Paulino J. Garcia Memorial Research and Medical Center, Nueva Ecija, Philippines; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. FAU - Lippi, Giuseppe AU - Lippi G AD - Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Henry, Brandon Michael AU - Henry BM AD - Clinical Laboratory, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Ohio, USA. FAU - Fernandez-de-Las-Penas, Cesar AU - Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: cesar.fernandez@urjc.es. FAU - Notarte, Kin Israel AU - Notarte KI AD - Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Electronic address: knotart1@jmi.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20260310 PL - Canada TA - Int J Infect Dis JT - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases JID - 9610933 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Prevalence MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Symptom Burden MH - Fatigue/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - PASC OT - Post-COVID OT - SARS-CoV-2 variants OT - Symptomatology COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/03/13 00:50 MHDA- 2026/04/09 00:34 CRDT- 2026/03/12 20:10 PHST- 2026/02/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/13 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/12 20:10 [entrez] AID - S1201-9712(26)00157-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108522 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May;166:108522. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108522. Epub 2026 Mar 10. PMID- 41817302 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260926 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Print) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Heterogeneous Activated B Cell Compartments Arising Early and Transiently After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination. PG - e70165 LID - 10.1002/eji.70165 [doi] LID - e70165 AB - In humans, the stages and dynamics of B cell development after antigen encounter remain unclear. Identifying early B cell differentiation stages could reveal biomarkers for humoral immunity and potential targets to prevent unwanted antibody responses. We characterized antigen-specific B cell responses longitudinally after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination using multiparameter spectral flow cytometry. Spike-specific IgG(+) CD27(+) CD71(+) activated B cells (ActBCs), presumed to be germinal center-derived and IgG(+) DN2 extrafollicular B cells, dominated the early antigen-specific B cell response, while memory B cells were the main population 6 months after vaccination. Within the IgG(+) ActBC compartment, we delineated six novel clusters with specific contraction dynamics. Following the second vaccination, certain ActBC clusters displayed sustained expansion over time, being phenotypically similar to memory B cells, while others strongly expanded and subsequently contracted. Several of the rapidly contracting ActBC clusters expressed CD11c, a defining marker for atypical B cells, suggesting a possible extrafollicular origin of these clusters. The transient presence of heterogeneous ActBC clusters was also observed for total B cells when gated in an antigen-independent manner. Characterization of novel ActBC clusters early after antigen encounter helps delineate and dissect the complexity of B cell differentiation, which is vital for understanding unwanted B cell responses. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). European Journal of Immunology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Fernandez Blanco, Laura AU - Fernandez Blanco L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3485-1378 AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Kuijper, Lisan H AU - Kuijper LH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3009-0943 AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Kummer, Laura Y L AU - Kummer LYL AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Verstegen, Niels J M AU - Verstegen NJM AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Bos, Amelie AU - Bos A AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Claireaux, Mathieu AU - Claireaux M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Duurland, Mariel C AU - Duurland MC AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Jorritsma, Tineke AU - Jorritsma T AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Steenhuis, Maurice AU - Steenhuis M AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Kerster, Gius AU - Kerster G AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Vallejo, Juan J Garcia AU - Vallejo JJG AD - Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - van Gils, Marit J AU - van Gils MJ AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - van Dam, Koos P J AU - van Dam KPJ AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Stalman, Eileen W AU - Stalman EW AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Wieske, Luuk AU - Wieske L AD - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands. FAU - Boekel, Laura AU - Boekel L AD - Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Wolbink, Gertjan J AU - Wolbink GJ AD - Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Tas, Sander W AU - Tas SW AD - Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Rispens, Theo AU - Rispens T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9600-1312 AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Kuijpers, Taco W AU - Kuijpers TW AD - Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Eftimov, Filip AU - Eftimov F AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Brinke, Anja Ten AU - Brinke AT AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - van Ham, S Marieke AU - van Ham SM AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. CN - of T2B! Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Study Group LA - eng GR - 10430072010007/ZONMW_/ZonMw/Netherlands GR - L2506/Sanquin Blood Supply PPOC OPTIMAL/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Lymphocyte Activation/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Vaccination MH - Germinal Center/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - Cell Differentiation/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology PMC - PMC12981206 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B-cell differentiation OT - CD11c+ activated B cells OT - extrafollicular responses OT - germinal center OT - immunological memory OT - mRNA vaccination COIS- Filip Eftimov, Gertjan J. Wolbink, S. Marieke van Ham, and Taco W. Kuijpers report (governmental) grants from ZonMw to study immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in autoimmune diseases. Filip Eftimov also reports grants from Prinses Beatrix Spierfonds, CSL Behring, Kedrion, Terumo BCT, Grifols, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, and GBS-CIDP Foundation; consulting fees from UCB Pharma and CSl Behring; honoraria from Grifols. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/03/12 13:55 MHDA- 2026/03/12 13:56 PMCR- 2026/03/12 CRDT- 2026/03/12 09:53 PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/12 13:56 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/12 13:55 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/12 09:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EJI70165 [pii] AID - 10.1002/eji.70165 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2026 Mar;56(3):e70165. doi: 10.1002/eji.70165. PMID- 41800618 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260710 LR - 20260928 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 45 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar 24 TI - Repeated COVID-19 vaccine boosters elicit variant-specific memory B cells in humans. PG - 117052 LID - S2211-1247(26)00130-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2026.117052 [doi] AB - The first exposure to a pathogen impacts subsequent immune responses toward related pathogens. This immune imprinting explains that infection or vaccination with circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants primarily recalls cross-reactive memory B cells induced by prior Wuhan-Hu-1 (Wu) spike (S) exposure. The magnitude and persistence of immune imprinting in mRNA vaccinees are not understood. We investigate serum antibody and memory B cell responses after administration of multiple XBB.1.5 and JN.1/KP.2 COVID-19 vaccine boosters. We find that the JN.1/KP.2 booster elicits broadly neutralizing antibody responses against recent SARS-CoV-2 variants by recalling Wu S-induced immunity in all but one individual. We detect an increased fraction of serum antibodies, and particularly memory B cells, recognizing XBB.1.5 and KP.2, but not Wu, relative to individuals who received a single XBB.1.5 booster. Repeated exposures to antigenically divergent S thus contribute to overcoming immune imprinting and support vaccine updates for continued protection. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Tortorici, M Alejandra AU - Tortorici MA AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Sprouse, Kaitlin R AU - Sprouse KR AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Addetia, Amin AU - Addetia A AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Brown, Jack T AU - Brown JT AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Lee, Jimin AU - Lee J AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Stewart, Cameron AU - Stewart C AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Merz, Benjamin AU - Merz B AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Harteloo, Alex AU - Harteloo A AD - Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Elias-Warren, Anna AU - Elias-Warren A AD - Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Chu, Helen Y AU - Chu HY AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Veesler, David AU - Veesler D AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Electronic address: dveesler@uw.edu. LA - eng GR - HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United States GR - 75N93022C00036/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - DP1 AI158186/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI167966/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260307 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2025 Oct 20:2025.10.16.682893. doi: 10.1101/2025.10.16.682893. PMID: 41279737 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunization, Secondary/methods MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory PMC - PMC13607844 MID - NIHMS2210869 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - CP: immunology OT - SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein OT - antigenic sin OT - coronaviruses OT - immune imprinting OT - immunology OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - serum antibodies OT - virology COIS- Declaration of interests H.Y.C. has served on advisory boards for Vir and AbbVie. D.V. is named as an inventor on patents for coronavirus vaccines filed by the University of Washington. EDAT- 2026/03/09 13:42 MHDA- 2026/03/27 07:14 PMCR- 2026/09/24 CRDT- 2026/03/09 07:12 PHST- 2025/09/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/27 07:14 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/09 13:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/03/09 07:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(26)00130-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2026.117052 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2026 Mar 24;45(3):117052. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2026.117052. Epub 2026 Mar 7. PMID- 41762950 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260709 LR - 20260804 IS - 2211-0356 (Electronic) IS - 2211-0348 (Linking) VI - 109 DP - 2026 May TI - Machine learning model predicts prognosis in SARS-CoV-2-infected autoimmune encephalitis patients. PG - 107028 LID - S2211-0348(26)00064-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.msard.2026.107028 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the neurological prognosis of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and construct risk prediction models for a worse prognosis. METHODS: This was a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study. Patients with AE, with or without SARS-CoV-2, were followed up every 3 months. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors influencing neurological prognosis. Prediction models were created using nine machine-learning strategies. RESULTS: SARS-CoV-2 infection was noted in 241 of 308 patients. Multivariate logistic regression showed inactivated immunizations plus recombinant or adenovirus vector vaccines protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio [OR] 0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01-0.52, p = 0.01). Three months after infection, 12.4% of patients with stable AE had a worse neurological prognosis, 6.2% failed to recover their working conditions. Pre-infection modified Rankin Scale (mRS) = 1 (OR 4.06, 95% CI 1.11-14.91, p = 0.04) and mRS > 1 (OR 13.4, 95% CI 3.31-54.02, p < 0.01), immunotherapy during infection (OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.65-15.79, p = 0.01), and SARS-CoV-2-related drowsiness (OR 19.5, 95% CI 5.42-70.34, p < 0.01) and gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.58-11.96, p < 0.01) were identified as risk factors for worse prognosis. The ranger model(https://xingjieli1999.shinyapps.io/clinical_prediction_app/) using these four parameters showed a discrimination accuracy of 0.96 (95% CI 0.94-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AE could experience exacerbated neurological symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Machine-learning algorithms showed feasibility of predicting prognoses based on clinical information in patients with AE. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Li, Xingjie AU - Li X AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Kong, Xueying AU - Kong X AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Li, Aiqing AU - Li A AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Gong, Xue AU - Gong X AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Guo, Kundian AU - Guo K AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Liu, Xu AU - Liu X AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Liu, Yue AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Zhang, Tianyu AU - Zhang T AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Deng, Xiaolin AU - Deng X AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Li, Jinmei AU - Li J AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurology, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611730, China. FAU - Zhou, Dong AU - Zhou D AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurology, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611730, China. FAU - Hong, Zhen AU - Hong Z AD - Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurology, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611730, China. Electronic address: hongzhengoog@aliyun.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260206 PL - Netherlands TA - Mult Scler Relat Disord JT - Multiple sclerosis and related disorders JID - 101580247 RN - Hashimoto's encephalitis SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Prognosis MH - Predictive Learning Models MH - *COVID-19/complications/diagnosis MH - *Hashimoto Disease/diagnosis/complications MH - Male MH - *Machine Learning MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Encephalitis/diagnosis MH - SARS-CoV-2 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autoimmune encephalitis OT - Machine learning prediction model OT - Prognosis OT - SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination COIS- Declaration of competing interest None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to disclose. Funding sources were not involved in the study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, writing of the report, or decision to submit the article for publication. EDAT- 2026/03/01 00:35 MHDA- 2026/04/11 00:32 CRDT- 2026/02/28 18:07 PHST- 2024/08/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/11 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/03/01 00:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/28 18:07 [entrez] AID - S2211-0348(26)00064-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.msard.2026.107028 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2026 May;109:107028. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2026.107028. Epub 2026 Feb 6. PMID- 41751924 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260709 LR - 20260926 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Feb 13 TI - Prevalence of Circulating Autoantibodies Against G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Potential Biomarkers for Long COVID: Preliminary Investigations. LID - 10.3390/ijms27041787 [doi] LID - 1787 AB - This prospective, single-center, case-control study investigated circulating autoantibodies (AAbs) targeting G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in Long COVID (LC) patients to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Fifteen participants were enrolled at the LC clinic in Rome: eleven with severe LC-defined as >4 persistent symptoms (fatigue, cognitive impairment, poor exercise tolerance, dyspnea, arthralgia, or dysautonomic manifestations) >3 months post-infection-and four asymptomatic post-COVID (APC) individuals. Fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS >/= 22; severe >/= 35). Auto-Abs against AT1R, endothelin receptor A, adrenergic (alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2), and muscarinic (M1-M5) receptors were quantified, along with blood cortisol and ACTH levels. SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses to Spike and Nucleocapsid proteins were evaluated by ELISpot assay. In our small cohort, LC patients were younger, had fewer comorbidities (p = 0.03), fewer vaccine doses (p = 0.03), and higher FAS scores (33 vs. 12; p = 0.001). Mean GPCR AAbs levels were higher in LC than in APC (8.88 vs. 5.45 Units/mL; p = 0.17), indicating a coherent autoimmune signature in LC that correlates with symptom development. Morning cortisol was lower in LC (12.7 vs. 17 mg/dL; p = 0.01), and T-cell responses tended to be weaker. These findings suggest GPCR AAbs may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for a subset of patients, guiding diagnosis and treatments with IV immunoglobulin or immunoadsorption. FAU - Camici, Marta AU - Camici M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6624-7917 AD - Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Franco, Marta AU - Franco M AD - Endocrinology Clinical Unit, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Talamanca, Lorenzo AU - Talamanca L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0846-7946 AD - Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Paulicelli, Jessica AU - Paulicelli J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-8361-9605 AD - Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Scarnecchia, Liliana AU - Scarnecchia L AD - Department of Clinical Pathology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Petino, Manuela AU - Petino M AD - Azienda Sanitaria Locale ASL Roma 1, 00193 Rome, Italy. FAU - Mazzotta, Valentina AU - Mazzotta V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0240-7504 AD - Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Mastrorosa, Ilaria AU - Mastrorosa I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1944-662X AD - Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Cimini, Eleonora AU - Cimini E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2659-0868 AD - Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Tartaglia, Eleonora AU - Tartaglia E AD - Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Notari, Stefania AU - Notari S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7692-6606 AD - Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Zuppi, Paolo AU - Zuppi P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-5314-7010 AD - Ordine di Malta Italia, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Endocrinology Project, 00148 Rome, Italy. FAU - Baldelli, Roberto AU - Baldelli R AD - Department of Clinical Pathology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Bocci, Maria Grazia AU - Bocci MG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6100-8442 AD - Intensive Care and Anestesiology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Maggi, Fabrizio AU - Maggi F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7489-5271 AD - Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Girardi, Enrico AU - Girardi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8182-5896 AD - Scientific Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Antinori, Andrea AU - Antinori A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2121-4684 AD - Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260213 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Autoantibodies) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Autoantibodies/blood/immunology MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/immunology/blood/diagnosis MH - Male MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Aged MH - Adult PMC - PMC12940979 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IVIG OT - Long COVID OT - auto-Abs targeting G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) OT - autoimmune signature OT - immunoadsorption OT - beta2-adrenergic-Ab OT - beta2-adrenergic-R COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/02/27 06:31 MHDA- 2026/03/06 09:11 PMCR- 2026/02/13 CRDT- 2026/02/27 01:09 PHST- 2025/12/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/06 09:11 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/27 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/27 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms27041787 [pii] AID - ijms-27-01787 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms27041787 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Feb 13;27(4):1787. doi: 10.3390/ijms27041787. PMID- 41737426 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260225 LR - 20260813 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Feb TI - The Impact of COVID-19 on Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: A Narrative Review of Long-Term Consequences and Vaccination Strategies. PG - e71882 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.71882 [doi] LID - e71882 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges for individuals with obstructive pulmonary diseases (OPDs), such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Emerging evidence highlights the complex interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and OPDs, including increased risks of severe disease, long-term sequelae, and potential new-onset respiratory conditions. This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical outcomes, and management strategies for COVID-19 in OPD patients, with a focus on long-term consequences and vaccination efficacy. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus (January 2020-June 2025). Inclusion criteria encompassed original studies, reviews, and meta-analyses examining COVID-19's impact on asthma or COPD, while non-English publications, animal studies, and case reports were excluded. Data were extracted and thematically synthesized to address acute outcomes, long COVID, vaccination, and therapeutic considerations. RESULTS: Risk and Severity: COPD patients faced higher risks of severe COVID-19 (hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality), while asthma phenotypes influenced outcomes (eosinophilic asthma conferred milder disease).Long COVID: Persistent respiratory symptoms (dyspnea and cough), fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction were prevalent in OPD patients, with new-onset asthma reported post-infection.Vaccination: mRNA vaccines significantly reduced severe outcomes in OPDs, though biologic therapies in asthma may attenuate immune responses.Treatment: Antivirals (e.g., nirmatrelvir-ritonavir) and corticosteroids were effective, but drug interactions (e.g., CYP3A4 inhibitors) required careful management. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 exacerbates OPD-related morbidity, underscoring the need for tailored prevention (vaccination and early diagnosis) and multidisciplinary management. Future research should prioritize phenotype-specific therapeutic strategies and long-term surveillance to mitigate post-COVID sequelae in this vulnerable population. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Dalfardi, Behnam AU - Dalfardi B AD - Clinical Research Development Unit, Afzalipour Hospital Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran. FAU - Abtahi, Hamidreza AU - Abtahi H AD - Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Edalatifard, Maryam AU - Edalatifard M AD - Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Mozaffari, Sedigheh AU - Mozaffari S AD - Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Rahimi, Besharat AU - Rahimi B AD - Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Roostaei, Ghazal AU - Roostaei G AD - Rasool Akram Hospital Clinical Research Development Center, School of Medicine, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. FAU - Khoshnam Rad, Niloofar AU - Khoshnam Rad N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6700-3570 AD - Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260220 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC12927929 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COPD OT - COVID-19 OT - asthma OT - long COVID OT - obstructive pulmonary diseases OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/02/25 10:21 MHDA- 2026/02/25 10:22 PMCR- 2026/02/20 CRDT- 2026/02/25 04:50 PHST- 2025/03/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/25 10:22 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/25 10:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/25 04:50 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR271882 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.71882 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2026 Feb 20;9(2):e71882. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.71882. eCollection 2026 Feb. PMID- 41709791 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260813 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Understanding the practices and perceptions of Chinese older adults towards vaccination in the context of COVID-19: A qualitative study in Anhui Province. PG - 2622184 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2026.2622184 [doi] LID - 2622184 AB - This study examines vaccination perceptions and practices among rural older adults in China during the COVID-19 pandemic to inform strategies for promoting vaccination among older adults. Qualitative research was employed, involving 13 rural older adults aged 60 and above in Anhui Province. Two rounds of in-depth interviews were conducted in May 2022 (during the severe pandemic period) and May 2024 (post-pandemic era), with data analyzed using grounded theory. Rural older adults exhibited dual perceptions of COVID-19 characterized by "seriousness" and "relative reassurance," maintaining trust, understanding, and acknowledgment of government prevention policies. They generally recognized the necessity of COVID-19 vaccination as a key means to alleviate infection fears and reduce risk exposure. However, they exhibited self-marginalization, believing vaccine resources should be prioritized for younger individuals and those deemed more deserving. And, collectivist values motivated active compliance with epidemic control policies but also led to attention bias, causing them to overlook routine vaccines such as influenza and pneumonia vaccines that received less government promotion. As the pandemic progressed, individual awareness gradually awakened. Professional authority and family opinions emerged as new drivers for vaccination, though health belief biases also surfaced, with some seniors refusing shots citing "good physical constitution." The government should intensify vaccination outreach, optimize community services, guide seniors toward accurate self-perception, and leverage the roles of family members and medical professionals in vaccination efforts. These measures will enhance vaccination rates among rural seniors and safeguard the health of the population. FAU - He, Aiping AU - He A AD - Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Wang, Zixin AU - Wang Z AD - Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Yang, Yang AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Zhang, Xinyi AU - Zhang X AD - Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Yao, Lili AU - Yao L AD - Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Wang, Li AU - Wang L AD - Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. AD - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Chen, Ren AU - Chen R AD - Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Wang, Peizhong Peter AU - Wang PP AD - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Division of Population Health and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada. AD - Centre for New Immigrant Well-Being (CNIW), Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Wei, Xiaolin AU - Wei X AD - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260219 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - Chinese people SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - China/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Vaccination/psychology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - Qualitative Research MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Middle Aged MH - Rural Population MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - East Asian People PMC - PMC12928655 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cognition OT - older adults OT - qualitative research OT - rural OT - vaccination COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/02/19 07:03 MHDA- 2026/02/19 07:04 PMCR- 2026/02/19 CRDT- 2026/02/19 03:53 PHST- 2026/02/19 07:04 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/19 07:03 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/19 03:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2622184 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2026.2622184 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2026 Dec;22(1):2622184. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2026.2622184. Epub 2026 Feb 19. PMID- 41695180 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260216 LR - 20260218 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Long-term health effects of COVID-19 among patients in Croatian primary care settings. PG - 1740432 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1740432 [doi] LID - 1740432 AB - INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has left lasting effects that extend beyond the acute phase of infection, with increasing evidence of long-term health consequences. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of post-COVID symptoms and conditions and to identify associated risk factors, including pre-existing chronic diseases, COVID-19 vaccination status, and severity of acute infection. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 family medicine practices in Croatia. The data collected from medical records included demographics, COVID-19 vaccination status, SARS-CoV-2 infection history and severity, and documented health conditions before and after infection. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Group differences were analyzed using the independent samples t-test or chi(2) test. Variables significant in univariate analyses (p < 0.05) were included into multivariate regression models. Multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of COVID-19 severity, and binary logistic regression was applied to determine factors associated with post-COVID conditions. Results are presented as regression coefficients (beta) or odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The study included 1,423 participants (58.0% female; mean age 52.6 +/- 17.2 years), of whom 82.4% had confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 32.3% were unvaccinated. At least one chronic disease was present in 28.1% of participants. The most frequently reported post-COVID conditions were brain fog (4.9%), neurological disorders (4.7%), cardiovascular diseases (2.9%), shortness of breath (2.8%), obesity (2.7%) and mental health disorders (2.6%). Greater COVID-19 severity was independently associated with pulmonary disease (beta = 0.22; p = 0.031) and older age, particularly 51-65 years (beta = 0.31; p < 0.001) and >/=66 years (beta = 0.50; p < 0.001). COVID-19 vaccination was associated with milder disease (beta = -0.21; p < 0.001). Previous cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases significantly increased the risk of thromboembolism. Diabetes, obesity, and number of vaccine doses were predictors of brain fog, while neurological comorbidities predicted post-COVID mental health disorders. CONCLUSION: Post-COVID symptoms and conditions represent an important long-term public health challenge. Family medicine physicians play a key role in early recognition, monitoring, and management of post-COVID sequelae, contributing to improved long-term patient outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Popovic, Lesac Brizic, Ljubotina, Zavidic, Tudor Spalj, Markovic Stimac, Fisic Jurkovic, Basic Markovic, Diminic Lisica, Vucak and Radosevic Quadranti. FAU - Popovic, Branislava AU - Popovic B AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Family Medicine Practice Branislava Popovic, Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Lesac Brizic, Ana AU - Lesac Brizic A AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Community Health Centre Primorsko Goranska County, Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Ljubotina, Aleksandar AU - Ljubotina A AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Family Medicine Practice Aleksandar Ljubotina, Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Zavidic, Tina AU - Zavidic T AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Istrian Health Centres, Pazin, Croatia. FAU - Tudor Spalj, Vedrana AU - Tudor Spalj V AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Community Health Centre Primorsko Goranska County, Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Markovic Stimac, Roberta AU - Markovic Stimac R AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Primary Health Care Institution Srdoci, Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Fisic Jurkovic, Martina AU - Fisic Jurkovic M AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Community Health Centre Primorsko Goranska County, Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Basic Markovic, Nina AU - Basic Markovic N AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Primary Health Care Institution Srdoci, Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Diminic Lisica, Ines AU - Diminic Lisica I AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Health Institution dr. Ines Diminic Lisica, Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Vucak, Jasna AU - Vucak J AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Family Medicine Practice Jasna Vucak, Sukosan, Croatia. FAU - Radosevic Quadranti, Nives AU - Radosevic Quadranti N AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Community Health Centre Primorsko Goranska County, Rijeka, Croatia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260129 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC12893981 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - chronic diseases OT - long COVID OT - post-COVID syndrome OT - primary care COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/02/16 12:32 MHDA- 2026/02/16 12:33 PMCR- 2026/01/29 CRDT- 2026/02/16 06:47 PHST- 2025/11/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/16 12:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/16 12:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/16 06:47 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1740432 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2026 Jan 29;13:1740432. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1740432. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41691247 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260904 IS - 1479-5876 (Electronic) IS - 1479-5876 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Feb 14 TI - HLA-E-restricted SARS-CoV-2 epitopes drive CD8(+) T cell memory in convalescent and vaccinated individuals: implications for the design of next-generation vaccines and immunotherapeutics. PG - 280 LID - 10.1186/s12967-026-07825-8 [doi] LID - 280 AB - BACKGROUND: Human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E) is a non-polymorphic, non-classical HLA class Ib molecule that presents signal peptides from classical HLA class Ia molecules to natural killer (NK) cell receptors. Emerging evidence suggests that HLA-E also presents viral peptides to CD8+ T cells, potentially influencing the control of viral infections. However, CD8+ T cell responses to viral epitopes presented by HLA-E remain largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the potential of SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides presented by HLA-E to elicit CD8+ T cell responses and to identify T cell-mediated immunity in SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS: We describe seven peptides from SARS-CoV-2 that display substantial conservation among the predominant strains from December 2021 to February 2025. These peptides fit within the HLA-E pocket and elicit HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T cell responses by producing cytokines. RESULTS: HLA-E/SARS-CoV-2-restricted CD8+ T cells were identified in the blood of convalescent patients, predominantly expressing TNF-alpha, with lower levels of IFN-gamma and IL-2, in response to predicted immunogenic epitopes. These cytokines were detected at higher frequencies in convalescent patients but were nearly absent in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19. HLA-E/SARS-CoV-2-restricted CD8+ T cells were induced after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination, with their frequencies increasing with more vaccine doses. Furthermore, they were significantly elicited in vaccinated individuals after SARS-CoV-2 infection. CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the translational potential of targeting HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T cell responses in next-generation vaccine design. The high conservation of HLA-E-presented epitopes across SARS-CoV-2 variants suggests that these peptides may offer a potentially valuable basis for expanding studies on vaccineinduced cellular immunity, independent of viral sequence drift. This strategy could be extended beyond SARS-CoV-2 to other rapidly evolving pathogens, providing a framework for broad-spectrum, T cell-focused vaccine platforms in precision vaccinology. FAU - Rafieiyan, Mahsa AU - Rafieiyan M AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico (AOUP) Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Badami, Giusto Davide AU - Badami GD AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico (AOUP) Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Scichilone, Nicola AU - Scichilone N AD - Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Corrao, Salvatore AU - Corrao S AD - Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina, Benfratelli Hospital, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Restivo, Vincenzo AU - Restivo V AD - Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, 94100, Enna, Italy. FAU - Farinella, Enzo Massimo AU - Farinella EM AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Villa Sofia- Cervello Hospitals, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Bottone, Martina AU - Bottone M AD - Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. AD - Clinical Oncology Unit - St. Anna University-Hospital, Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Pietra, Gabriella AU - Pietra G AD - Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. AD - UO Pathology and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, San Martino, Genova, Italy. FAU - Fallo, Miriana AU - Fallo M AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico (AOUP) Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Aglio, Andrea Maria AU - Aglio AM AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico (AOUP) Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. FAU - La Manna, Marco Pio AU - La Manna MP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3327-9541 AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico (AOUP) Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. marcopio.lamanna@unipa.it. FAU - Dieli, Francesco AU - Dieli F AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico (AOUP) Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Azgomi, Mojtaba Shekarkar AU - Azgomi MS AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico (AOUP) Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. AD - CANTHER - Cancer, Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies- Research Center, Lille, France. FAU - Caccamo, Nadia AU - Caccamo N AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico (AOUP) Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260214 PL - England TA - J Transl Med JT - Journal of translational medicine JID - 101190741 RN - 0 (HLA-E Antigens) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class I) RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - HLA-E Antigens MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - *Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Female MH - Immunotherapy MH - Vaccination MH - Convalescence MH - Cytokines MH - Male MH - Adult PMC - PMC12922205 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8+ T cells OT - COVID-19 disease OT - Cytokines OT - HLA-E OT - SARS CoV-2 COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethical Committee of the A.O.U.P. "Paolo Giaccone" Hospital (protocol code 09/2021). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent for publication:: All the authors have approved this manuscript for publication. Conflict of interest: Mojtaba Shekarkar Azgomi, Marco Pio La Manna, Nadia Caccamo, and Francesco Dieli are inventors on patent application WO/2023/180966 submitted by the University of Palermo entitled "Peptides for the preparation of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2". EDAT- 2026/02/15 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/27 18:36 PMCR- 2026/02/14 CRDT- 2026/02/14 23:25 PHST- 2025/11/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/02/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/15 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/14 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12967-026-07825-8 [pii] AID - 7825 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12967-026-07825-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Transl Med. 2026 Feb 14;24(1):280. doi: 10.1186/s12967-026-07825-8. PMID- 41685877 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260813 IS - 1600-0412 (Electronic) IS - 0001-6349 (Print) IS - 0001-6349 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Long COVID following SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy: An observational study in a large Italian hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. PG - 604-612 LID - 10.1111/aogs.70127 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Despite mounting evidence on Long COVID, data regarding its impact on women infected during pregnancy remains scarce. This study aimed to assess the development of Long COVID in women who had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy, focusing on possible risk factors and potential protective elements associated with its development. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of 348 pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to ASST-Spedali Civili (Brescia, Italy) between March 2020 and May 2022. Data collection included demographics, comorbidities, COVID-19 severity markers, and vaccination status. To assess the possible association between the analyzed risk factors and Long Covid, beyond standard multivariable models, we employed inverse probability weighting techniques (IPTW) and calculated e-values to assess unmeasured confounding. RESULTS: Among study participants, 27.0% (94/348) developed Long COVID. Risk factors included preexisting respiratory comorbidities (adjusted OR = 3.171, 95% CI 0.99-10.1), pneumonia at admission (adjusted OR = 4.48, 95% CI 2.16-9.28), and earlier pregnancy stage at infection (adjusted OR = 0.96 per week, 95% CI 0.93-0.99). COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a significantly lower risk of Long COVID (15.5% in vaccinated vs. 31.8% in unvaccinated women; IPTW-adjusted OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.20-0.71, p-value: 0.003). The most common symptoms were fatigue (46.8%) and memory impairment (38.3%), with unvaccinated patients exhibiting a higher prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that one in four pregnant women hospitalized with COVID-19 develop persistent symptoms. The most frequently affected women had preexisting respiratory disease, pneumonia at admission, and infection earlier in pregnancy. COVID-19 vaccination appears to reduce risk and alter symptom presentation. These findings underscore the importance of vaccination throughout pregnancy and highlight the need for targeted surveillance in high-risk subgroups. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology (NFOG). FAU - Fichera, Anna AU - Fichera A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7368-0823 AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Biancareddu, Eleonora AU - Biancareddu E AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Bozzo, Marco AU - Bozzo M AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Ezenwa, Mirabella AU - Ezenwa M AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Ongarini, Emma Paola AU - Ongarini EP AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-7089-4035 AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Ferrari, Federico Giorgio AU - Ferrari FG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7065-2432 AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Prefumo, Federico AU - Prefumo F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7793-714X AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy. FAU - Odicino, Franco Edoardo AU - Odicino FE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8870-4739 AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. AD - Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20260213 PL - United States TA - Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand JT - Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica JID - 0370343 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - *Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Risk Factors MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Comorbidity PMC - PMC13140548 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PASC OT - SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - long COVID OT - pandemic OT - pregnancy COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/02/13 12:48 MHDA- 2026/03/30 12:49 PMCR- 2026/02/13 CRDT- 2026/02/13 08:52 PHST- 2025/11/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/30 12:49 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/13 12:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/13 08:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AOGS70127 [pii] AID - 10.1111/aogs.70127 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2026 Apr;105(4):604-612. doi: 10.1111/aogs.70127. Epub 2026 Feb 13. PMID- 41672424 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260707 IS - 1439-4286 (Electronic) IS - 0018-5043 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Lactate, Capnia, and Fat Oxidation as Therapeutic Axes for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-Induced Sequelae. PG - 90-102 LID - 10.1055/a-2794-9646 [doi] AB - Metabolic alterations characterize a large subset of those with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, and similar symptoms affect those with post-acute COVID-19 vaccination syndrome. These symptoms are characterized by the triumvirate of post-acute COVID-19 (vaccination) syndrome symptoms: post-exertional malaise, fatigue, and cognitive impairment, commonly referred to as brain fog. These symptoms can be recreated through perturbations that disrupt mitochondria, and spike protein has been observed to disrupt mitochondria in vitro, providing mechanistic support for this relationship. Post-acute COVID-19 (vaccination) syndrome patients suffer from a severely decreased lactate threshold and can experience symptoms of overexertion even at low power output. Furthermore, biopsies have revealed disrupted mitochondria, and energetics and physiological studies have shown that lipid oxidation constitutes a significantly reduced fraction of total energy production/consumption in post-acute COVID-19 (vaccination) syndrome patients. This review explores the therapeutic axes of lactate, carbon dioxide, and fatty acid oxidation for resolving the energy production challenges in post-acute COVID-19 (vaccination) syndrome, suggesting interventions that increase the lactate threshold, increase tissue oxygenation (paradoxically through increasing partial pressure of CO(2)), and increase the rates at which lipids are oxidized relative to carbohydrates. Analogies from the world of exercise science are introduced, comparing post-acute COVID-19 (vaccination) syndrome to an overabundance of fast-twitch muscle fibers, with oxygenation similar to that experienced at high altitude, and presenting as an inverse 'fat adaptation' phenomenon, as observed in endurance athletes, especially those adopting low-carbohydrate diets. CI - Thieme. All rights reserved. FAU - Gracidas, Carlos AU - Gracidas C AD - Medicine, Dorrington Medical Associates, Houston, USA. FAU - Levy, Rakeem AU - Levy R AD - Medicine, Dorrington Medical Associates, Houston, USA. FAU - Varon, Joseph AU - Varon J AD - Science, Independent Medical Alliance, Washington, USA. FAU - Halma, Matthew AU - Halma M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2487-0636 AD - Science, Independent Medical Alliance, Washington, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260211 PL - Germany TA - Horm Metab Res JT - Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme JID - 0177722 RN - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide) RN - 0 (Fatty Acids) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Oxidation-Reduction MH - *COVID-19/metabolism MH - *Lactic Acid/metabolism MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *SARS-CoV-2/metabolism MH - *Carbon Dioxide/metabolism MH - Lipid Metabolism MH - *Fatty Acids/metabolism MH - Energy Metabolism COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/02/12 00:47 MHDA- 2026/03/18 01:43 CRDT- 2026/02/11 19:23 PHST- 2026/03/18 01:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/12 00:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/11 19:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-2794-9646 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Horm Metab Res. 2026 Mar;58(3):90-102. doi: 10.1055/a-2794-9646. Epub 2026 Feb 11. PMID- 41644979 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260628 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Feb 5 TI - Mesoporous silicon microparticles enhance antiviral immunity and memory responses against SARS-CoV-2. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-38583-8 [doi] LID - 7355 AB - Silica-based materials have attracted considerable interest as vaccine adjuvants due to their ability to potentiate immune responses. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of heteromorphous mesoporous silicon microparticles (MSMPs) as an adjuvant in the context of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. MSMPs conjugated with the S1 subunit of the spike protein (MSMPs-S1) elicited a robust and sustained humoral immune response in BALB/c mice, comparable to that induced by aluminum-based adjuvants. Following a booster dose, MSMPs-S1 significantly increased IgG2a titers and neutralizing antibody levels, surpassing those observed with Al(OH)(3)-based formulations. In addition, MSMPs-S1 enhanced cellular immunity, as reflected by higher IFN-gamma production in T cells relative to the aluminum-adjuvanted group. In k18-hACE2 transgenic mice, vaccination with MSMPs-S1 conferred protection against a lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge, resulting in marked reductions in viral loads in both lung and brain tissues. In vitro, stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with MSMPs-S1 increased IFN-gamma production in T cells, particularly in the presence of dendritic cells. Collectively, these findings support the potential of MSMPs as an effective adjuvant capable of promoting both humoral and cellular immunity, with relevance for the development of vaccines targeting emerging viral pathogens. FAU - Lopez-Gomez, Ana AU - Lopez-Gomez A AD - Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. AD - Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. FAU - Real-Arevalo, Irene AU - Real-Arevalo I AD - Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. AD - Inmunotek S.L., Alcala de Henares, 28805, Spain. FAU - Mayol-Hornero, Elsa AU - Mayol-Hornero E AD - Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. AD - Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. FAU - Cendra, Jana Ausio AU - Cendra JA AD - Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. FAU - Laxalde-Fernandez, Diego AU - Laxalde-Fernandez D AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain. FAU - Nogales-Altozano, Pablo AU - Nogales-Altozano P AD - Centro de Investigacion en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Rivas-Pardo, Benigno AU - Rivas-Pardo B AD - Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. FAU - Amoros-Perez, Beatriz AU - Amoros-Perez B AD - Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. AD - Inmunotek S.L., Alcala de Henares, 28805, Spain. FAU - Martin-Adrados, Beatriz AU - Martin-Adrados B AD - Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. FAU - Juarez, Ignacio AU - Juarez I AD - Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Del-Pozo, Alvaro AU - Martinez-Del-Pozo A AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain. FAU - Martin-Palma, Raul J AU - Martin-Palma RJ AD - Department of applied physics, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Espana. FAU - Sevilla, Noemi AU - Sevilla N AD - Centro de Investigacion en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Naves, Eduardo AU - Martinez-Naves E AD - Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. emnaves@ucm.es. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain. emnaves@ucm.es. FAU - Del Moral, Manuel Gomez AU - Del Moral MG AD - Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain. mgomezm@ucm.es. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain. mgomezm@ucm.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260205 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - Z4152N8IUI (Silicon) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) RN - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic) RN - 0 (Protein Subunit Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Silicon/chemistry MH - Mice MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology/virology MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Humans MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Female MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Interferon-gamma/metabolism MH - Adjuvants, Immunologic MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Mice, Transgenic MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Porosity MH - Protein Subunit Vaccines PMC - PMC12923835 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cytotoxic OT - Mesoporous silicon microparticles OT - Vaccine OT - Virus COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Universidad Complutense of Madrid and Comunidad of Madrid (Dec 14/2022/PROEX 272.5/22). Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. EDAT- 2026/02/06 00:30 MHDA- 2026/06/28 16:09 PMCR- 2026/02/05 CRDT- 2026/02/05 23:36 PHST- 2025/09/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/28 16:09 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/06 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/05 23:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-38583-8 [pii] AID - 38583 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-38583-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 Feb 5;16(1):7355. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-38583-8. PMID- 41638327 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260706 LR - 20260706 IS - 1521-7035 (Electronic) IS - 1521-6616 (Linking) VI - 284 DP - 2026 Apr TI - HIV patients with poor immune recovery show exhausted CD4(+) stem cell memory cells and impaired COVID-19 vaccine response. PG - 110676 LID - S1521-6616(26)00014-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clim.2026.110676 [doi] AB - Vaccination triggers both humoral and cellular immune responses, generating memory T cells that ensure long-term protection. Among these, stem cell-like memory T cells (T(SCM)) are crucial for durable immunity due to their self-renewal and multipotency. In people with HIV (PWHIV), vaccine-induced responses can be weakened by persistent immune dysfunction. In this study, we longitudinally analyzed T cell memory responses following mRNA-1273 vaccination in PWHIV. Individuals with incomplete immune reconstitution (CD4(+) < 500 cells/muL, CD4/CD8 < 0.4) showed reduced frequencies of Spike-specific CD4(+) T(SCM), lower levels of TCF-1 and higher expression of immune checkpoint molecules. We identified a subset of PD-1(+)TIGIT(+) CD4(+) T(SCM) and T(CM) cells that phenotypically resemble CD8(+) exhausted-like progenitors (T(PEX)) and are enriched in PWHIV with poor immune recovery. Modulation of the Wnt/mTORs pathway via GSK3beta inhibition restored TCF-1 expression and partially rescued antigen responsiveness, highlighting a potential strategy to improve vaccine efficacy in PWHIV. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Scaglioni, Susanna AU - Scaglioni S AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DISFEB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Lombardi, Andrea AU - Lombardi A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milano, Milan 20122, Italy. FAU - Butta, Giacomo M AU - Butta GM AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DISFEB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bozzi, Giorgio AU - Bozzi G AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Centazzo, Matteo AU - Centazzo M AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DISFEB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Mariani, Bianca AU - Mariani B AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Muscatello, Antonio AU - Muscatello A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bono, Patrizia AU - Bono P AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Donnici, Lorena AU - Donnici L AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Conti, Matteo AU - Conti M AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Nodari, Riccardo AU - Nodari R AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DISFEB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Callegaro, Annapaola AU - Callegaro A AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Scarpa, Edoardo AU - Scarpa E AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Grifantini, Renata AU - Grifantini R AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; CheckmAb Srl, Milan, Italy. FAU - Abrignani, Sergio AU - Abrignani S AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - De Francesco, Raffaele AU - De Francesco R AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DISFEB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Gori, Andrea AU - Gori A AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bandera, Alessandra AU - Bandera A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milano, Milan 20122, Italy. FAU - Manganaro, Lara AU - Manganaro L AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DISFEB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: lara.manganaro@unimi.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260202 PL - United States TA - Clin Immunol JT - Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) JID - 100883537 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (T Cell Transcription Factor 1) RN - 0 (TCF7 protein, human) RN - 0 (Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *HIV Infections/immunology MH - T-Cell Exhaustion/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Female MH - Male MH - T Cell Transcription Factor 1 MH - Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Incomplete immune reconstitution OT - People with HIV (PWHIV) OT - Stem cell-like memory T cells OT - Vaccine-induced immune response EDAT- 2026/02/05 00:30 MHDA- 2026/03/08 01:37 CRDT- 2026/02/04 19:11 PHST- 2025/10/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/08 01:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/05 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/04 19:11 [entrez] AID - S1521-6616(26)00014-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clim.2026.110676 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Immunol. 2026 Apr;284:110676. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2026.110676. Epub 2026 Feb 2. PMID- 41635700 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260204 LR - 20260206 IS - 1662-4548 (Print) IS - 1662-453X (Electronic) IS - 1662-453X (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2025 TI - Neural mechanisms of cognitive conflict: processing COVID-19 vaccine misinformation. PG - 1661523 LID - 10.3389/fnins.2025.1661523 [doi] LID - 1661523 AB - INTRODUCTION: The rapid spread of misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised important questions about how individuals evaluate false information, particularly when it conflicts with strongly held prior attitudes. Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying the processing of vaccine-related misinformation may clarify why such beliefs persist despite corrective information. METHODS: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined neural responses to COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and factual information in vaccine-receptive participants (N = 29). During scanning, participants were presented with a series of vaccine-related statements-both accurate and false-and indicated their level of agreement. Analyses focused on the influence of prior beliefs and attitude congruence on neural activation. RESULTS: Contrary to our hypotheses, exposure to attitude-incongruent misinformation did not elicit significant activation in emotional processing regions such as the amygdala or precuneus. However, when participants made attitude-incongruent responses-endorsing misinformation or rejecting accurate information-we observed increased activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and middle frontal gyrus (MFG), regions associated with decision-making, moral reasoning, memory integration, and cognitive control. DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that conflicts between incoming information and prior attitudes engage effortful, higher-order cognitive systems rather than affective processing. Resolving such conflicts appears to rely on decision-making and control mechanisms that manage uncertainty and cognitive dissonance. Due to recruitment limitations, the present study focused exclusively on vaccine-receptive individuals. Future research should investigate whether vaccine-resistant individuals exhibit similar or distinct neural patterns, which may provide further insight into the persistence of misinformation in the context of negative prior attitudes. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 McClellan, Kirwan and Ashby. FAU - McClellan, Morgan Chase AU - McClellan MC AD - Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States. FAU - Kirwan, C Brock AU - Kirwan CB AD - MindCORE, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States. FAU - Ashby, Stefania R AU - Ashby SR AD - Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States. AD - Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260119 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurosci JT - Frontiers in neuroscience JID - 101478481 PMC - PMC12862833 OTO - NOTNLM OT - decision-making OT - functional MRI (fMRI) OT - misinformation OT - prior attitudes OT - semantic memory OT - vaccine hesitancy COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/02/04 11:32 MHDA- 2026/02/04 11:33 PMCR- 2026/01/19 CRDT- 2026/02/04 04:09 PHST- 2025/07/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/04 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/04 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/04 04:09 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnins.2025.1661523 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurosci. 2026 Jan 19;19:1661523. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2025.1661523. eCollection 2025. PMID- 41630534 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260203 IS - 1744-4144 (Electronic) IS - 1385-4046 (Linking) DP - 2026 Feb 2 TI - Impact of serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection on cognitive test performance in a vaccinated HIV+ adult cohort relative to pre-pandemic levels. PG - 1-17 LID - 10.1080/13854046.2026.2623824 [doi] AB - Objectives: Cognitive abnormalities have been documented following COVID-19 infection. Using pre-pandemic levels of cognitive functioning, we examined the impact of detectable serologic response to COVID-19 infection on cognitive domain performance in a cohort of people with HIV (PWH). We also evaluated the additional impact of potential risk factors for cognitive deficits in the context of SARS-CoV-2 serostatus, including psychiatric variables, number of medical comorbidities, and HIV biomarkers. Methods: 118 ethnically and racially diverse PWH (mean age 63.6; 50% women) completed comprehensive, in-person neuropsychological and medical assessments before the pandemic (March 2018 to March 2020) and at follow-up (August 2020 to June 2024). All but 4 study participants had been vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 prior to follow-up assessment. 54 participants had anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein antibodies. Mixed design repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to compare longitudinal performance among serological groups (anti-N positive, anti-N negative) on global cognitive function and 7 cognitive domains. Subsequently, multivariate regression models were used to examine the role of risk factors on cognitive functioning stratified by SARS-CoV-2 serostatus. Results: Positive anti-N serostatus did not influence cognitive test performance, self-perceived stress and depressive mood when compared to pre-pandemic levels. When stratified by serostatus, only greater number of medical comorbidities predicted worse motor domain functioning in the anti-N negative group. Conclusion: Serological response to COVID-19 infection had no deleterious cognitive or psychological impact relative to pre-pandemic levels. Number of medical comorbidities and HIV biomarkers may play a more central role on cognitive outcomes. FAU - Gonzalez, Jairo AU - Gonzalez J AD - Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Byrd, Desiree AU - Byrd D AD - Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. AD - Department of Psychology, Queens College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Lissinna, Hanna AU - Lissinna H AD - Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Kumkowski, Nicolette AU - Kumkowski N AD - Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Lopez, Johnny A AU - Lopez JA AD - Department of Psychology, Queens College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Morgello, Susan AU - Morgello S AD - Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. AD - Departments of Neuroscience and Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260202 PL - England TA - Clin Neuropsychol JT - The Clinical neuropsychologist JID - 8806548 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - HIV OT - SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - neuropsychological assessment EDAT- 2026/02/03 07:41 MHDA- 2026/02/03 07:41 CRDT- 2026/02/03 02:34 PHST- 2026/02/03 07:41 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/03 07:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/03 02:34 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/13854046.2026.2623824 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Clin Neuropsychol. 2026 Feb 2:1-17. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2026.2623824. PMID- 41605700 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260701 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Unexpectedly competent immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in Rett syndrome. PG - 2612817 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2026.2612817 [doi] LID - 2612817 AB - Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder of genetic origin characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, immune imbalance, and frequently associated with compromised respiratory function. During the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals with RTT were classified as high-risk and invited to follow stringent vaccination protocols that included multiple booster doses. However, the immune response elicited by vaccination in this population has never been systematically investigated. Here, we provide the first characterization of spike-specific antibody and memory B cell responses in 23 RTT patients following two or three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. RTT patients developed spike-specific IgG levels comparable to those observed in healthy female controls (GMT 8476 [range 5120-20480] and 9213 [640-81920] after the first two vaccine doses, respectively). The frequencies and phenotype of spike-specific memory B cells were also similar between RTT and controls (mean frequency of 1.3 +/- 0.6 and 1.6 +/- 1.1, respectively) and these cells displayed functional reactivity upon antigenic stimulation in vitro. The assessment of vaccine-induced immunity in RTT addresses a critical knowledge gap by demonstrating the ability of these patients to develop an immune response to mRNA vaccination, thereby providing insights that may inform tailored vaccination strategies and improve understanding of immune competence in this rare disorder. FAU - Soldateschi, Ludovica AU - Soldateschi L AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Leoncini, Silvia AU - Leoncini S AD - Rett Syndrome Trial Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. AD - U.O.S.A. Programmazione e Ricerca Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fiorino, Fabio AU - Fiorino F AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Bari, Italy. FAU - Lucchesi, Simone AU - Lucchesi S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Polvere, Jacopo AU - Polvere J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Boasiako, Lidia AU - Boasiako L AD - Rett Syndrome Trial Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. FAU - Pastore, Gabiria AU - Pastore G AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fazzi, Caterina AU - Fazzi C AD - Rett Syndrome Trial Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. FAU - Altamura, Maria AU - Altamura M AD - Rett Syndrome Trial Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. FAU - Scandurra, Valeria AU - Scandurra V AD - Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. FAU - Grosso, Salvatore AU - Grosso S AD - U.O.C. Pediatria, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. FAU - Montagnani, Francesca AU - Montagnani F AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. FAU - De Felice, Claudio AU - De Felice C AD - Rett Syndrome Trial Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. AD - U.O.S.A. Programmazione e Ricerca Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. AD - U.O.C. Pediatria, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy. FAU - Ciabattini, Annalisa AU - Ciabattini A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4585-7783 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Medaglini, Donata AU - Medaglini D AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260128 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Rett Syndrome/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Adult MH - Vaccination MH - Young Adult MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC12854380 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Rett syndrome OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory B cells OT - vaccination COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2026/01/29 01:47 MHDA- 2026/01/29 01:48 PMCR- 2026/01/28 CRDT- 2026/01/28 21:53 PHST- 2026/01/29 01:48 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/29 01:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/28 21:53 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2612817 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2026.2612817 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2026 Dec;22(1):2612817. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2026.2612817. Epub 2026 Jan 28. PMID- 41600936 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260128 LR - 20260131 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Dec 24 TI - A Comparison of Flow Cytometry-based versus ImmunoSpot- or Supernatant-based Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific Memory B Cells in Peripheral Blood. LID - 10.3390/vaccines14010020 [doi] LID - 20 AB - BACKGROUND: Memory B cells (B(mem)) facilitate the generation of renewed and rapid antigen-specific antibody responses long after the initial antigen exposure, at a time when circulating serum antibodies may have declined. As the generation and/or recruitment of B(mem) is at the core of most vaccination strategies, the assessment of antigen-specific B(mem) is highly informative for forecasting and profiling the elicited B cell immune response. METHODS: The two prevalent techniques used to detect antigen-specific B(mem) cells at single-cell resolution are probe-based flow cytometry and B cell ImmunoSpot, while the measurement of B cell-derived antibodies in culture supernatants of stimulated B cells offers a semi-quantitative alternative. To the best of our knowledge, a direct side-by-side comparison of these assay systems has not yet been reported using the same starting PBMC material in a blinded fashion to test all three assays simultaneously. RESULTS: These three assay systems were run in parallel to detect SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-1 strain Spike-specific IgG(+) B(mem) in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples obtained from well-defined cohorts comprising pre-COVID-19 era "naive" individuals (negative controls), individuals shortly after recovery from a PCR-verified SARS-CoV-2 infection (positive controls), and a cohort of donor PBMCs isolated in 2024 (the experimental group). Each assay was able to discern Spike-exposed individuals from naive , with ImmunoSpot suggesting superior sensitivity and specificity. ImmunoSpot and flow cytometry results were closely correlated. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates that all three assays are suited for the detection of specific B(mem) in antigen-primed individuals when such B(mem) occur in the mid- to high-frequency range, and that they broadly concur. Strengths and weaknesses of the three test systems are discussed. FAU - Stylianou, Georgia AU - Stylianou G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9062-8157 AD - Faculty of Science and Environment, School of Geography and Natural Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK. AD - Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK. FAU - Cookson, Sharon AU - Cookson S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9476-6741 AD - Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK. FAU - Nassif, Justin T AU - Nassif JT AD - Research & Development, Cellular Technology Limited, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Kirchenbaum, Greg A AU - Kirchenbaum GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6463-7623 AD - Faculty of Science and Environment, School of Geography and Natural Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK. AD - Research & Development, Cellular Technology Limited, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Lehmann, Paul V AU - Lehmann PV AD - Research & Development, Cellular Technology Limited, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Todryk, Stephen M AU - Todryk SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4566-0793 AD - Faculty of Science and Environment, School of Geography and Natural Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK. AD - Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK. LA - eng GR - NA/Cellular Technology Limited/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251224 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC12846400 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ELISA OT - ELISPOT OT - FluoroSpot OT - ImmunoSpot OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody OT - immune monitoring OT - memory B cell measurement OT - probe-based flow cytometry COIS- P.V.L. is founder, president, and CEO of Cellular Technology Limited (CTL), a company that specializes in immune monitoring by ImmunoSpot. G.A.K. and J.T.N. are employees of CTL. This study was funded by CTL. G.S., and S.M.T. declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/01/28 07:47 MHDA- 2026/01/28 07:48 PMCR- 2025/12/24 CRDT- 2026/01/28 01:27 PHST- 2025/11/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/28 07:48 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/28 07:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/28 01:27 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines14010020 [pii] AID - vaccines-14-00020 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines14010020 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Dec 24;14(1):20. doi: 10.3390/vaccines14010020. PMID- 41596479 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260701 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Jan 14 TI - Possible Involvement of Hypothalamic Dysfunction in Long COVID Patients Characterized by Delayed Response to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone. LID - 10.3390/ijms27020832 [doi] LID - 832 AB - Long COVID (LC) may involve endocrine dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To examine hypothalamic-pituitary responses in patients with LC, we conducted a single-center retrospective study of patients with refractory LC referred to our University Hospital who underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests. Between February 2021 and November 2025, 1251 patients with long COVID were evaluated, of whom 207 (19%) had relatively low random ACTH or cortisol levels. Ultimately, 16 underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests and were included. All tests were performed in an inpatient setting without exogenous steroids. Fifteen patients (six women, mean age 35.6 years) underwent corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) tests. All patients had mild acute COVID-19, eight had >/=2 vaccinations, and the mean interval from infection was 343 days. Frequent symptoms included fatigue (100%), insomnia (66.7%), headache (60.0%), anorexia/nausea (40.0%), and brain fog (40.0%). Mean early-morning cortisol and 24 h urinary free cortisol were 7.5 mug/dL and 41.0 mug/day, respectively. MRI showed an empty sella in one case. Peak hormonal responses were preserved (DeltaACTH 247%, DeltaTSH 918%, DeltaPRL 820%, DeltaFSH 187%, DeltaLH 1150%); however, peaks were delayed beyond 60 min in ACTH (13%), LH (33%), and FSH (87%). Notably, significantly delayed elevations remained at 120 min in the responses of TSH (4.1-fold), PRL (1.8-fold), LH (9.3-fold), and FSH (2.8-fold), suggesting possible hypothalamic involvement, particularly in the gonadotropin responses. Additionally, serum IGF-I was lowered (-0.70 SD), while GH response (mean peak 35.5 ng/mL) was preserved by growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP)-2 stimulation. Low-dose hydrocortisone and testosterone were initiated for three patients. Although direct viral effects and secondary suppression have been proposed, our findings may suggest that, at least in part, the observed response characteristics are consistent with functional secondary hypothalamic dysfunction rather than irreversible primary injury. These findings highlight the need for objective endocrine evaluation before initiating hormone replacements. FAU - Otsuka, Yuki AU - Otsuka Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6015-6128 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Soejima, Yoshiaki AU - Soejima Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2070-3892 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Nakano, Yasuhiro AU - Nakano Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9972-791X AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Suyama, Atsuhito AU - Suyama A AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Takase, Ryosuke AU - Takase R AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Oguni, Kohei AU - Oguni K AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Masuda, Yohei AU - Masuda Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9368-0521 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Omura, Daisuke AU - Omura D AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Sakurada, Yasue AU - Sakurada Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4588-5888 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Matsuda, Yui AU - Matsuda Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Hasegawa, Toru AU - Hasegawa T AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Honda, Hiroyuki AU - Honda H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6098-5006 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Tokumasu, Kazuki AU - Tokumasu K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9513-6864 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Ueda, Keigo AU - Ueda K AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Otsuka, Fumio AU - Otsuka F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7014-9095 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. LA - eng GR - 2025/Ofuji Endocrine Medical Award/ GR - 2025/Growth Science Foundation/ GR - 2025/Kobayashi-Magobei Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260114 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 33515-09-2 (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) RN - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) RN - 9015-71-8 (Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone) RN - 9002-60-2 (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism MH - Adult MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/complications/physiopathology MH - Hydrocortisone/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone MH - Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood MH - SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification MH - *Hypothalamus/metabolism/physiopathology MH - Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism/physiopathology MH - *Hypothalamic Diseases MH - Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis PMC - PMC12840638 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - gonadotropin OT - gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) OT - hypothalamus OT - long COVID COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/01/28 07:47 MHDA- 2026/01/28 19:19 PMCR- 2026/01/14 CRDT- 2026/01/28 01:10 PHST- 2025/12/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/28 19:19 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/28 07:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/28 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms27020832 [pii] AID - ijms-27-00832 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms27020832 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Jan 14;27(2):832. doi: 10.3390/ijms27020832. PMID- 41595843 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260827 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Dec 30 TI - Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 in Tunisia, 2020-2021. LID - 10.3390/ijerph23010049 [doi] LID - 49 AB - Background: Some patients suffer from persistent symptoms following a COVID-19 infection, referred to as long COVID. The aims of the study were to estimate the prevalence of long COVID and study its determinants in Tunisia. Methods: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study among a representative sample of COVID-19 survivors residing in Tunisia between June and August 2022. We selected a random sample, stratified by age and region, among residents registered in the national surveillance database with a SARS-CoV-2 positive test taken from September 2020 to September 2021 (n = 479,743). The expected sample size was 384. We defined a patient with long COVID as having at least one self-reported symptom persisting for more than four weeks after the first confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection (RT-PCR or Ag-RDT) and not explained by an alternative diagnosis. Trained healthcare workers interviewed consenting respondents by phone using a structured questionnaire. We described continuous variables using median and interquartile range (IQR). We measured the prevalence of long COVID and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). We estimated the association between explanatory variables (socio-demographic, lifestyle and comorbidities, SARS-CoV-2 history infection, COVID-19 vaccination status) and long COVID using a log-binomial model, reporting adjusted prevalence ratios (a-PR) and its 95% CI. Results: Of 1094 persons contacted, 416 were enrolled (response rate: 38%). Long-COVID prevalence was 64% (267/416); 95% CI [59-69%]. The sex ratio (M:F) was 0.72. Age ranged from 1 to 101 years, with a median of 41 years (IQR:31-55 years). The most common symptoms were fatigue (63%), myalgia/arthralgia (33%), and cognitive symptoms (52%). Median duration of long-COVID symptoms was 11 months (IQR: 3-14 months). In multivariate analysis, experiencing acute COVID-19 (a-PR = 1.5; 95% CI [1.0-2.1]), being a woman of childbearing age (a-PR = 1.2; 95% CI [1.0-1.4]) and residing in the central region (a-PR = 1.5; 95% CI [1.1-2.0]) were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of long COVID. Conclusions: Long COVID is prevalent in Tunisia affecting patients with multiple symptoms initially, those residing in the central region and young women. We recommend to enhance healthcare access and medical follow-up both during and after the infection, focusing on identified risk groups. We also recommend to conduct further research to optimize management of long-COVID patients. FAU - Dhaouadi, Sonia AU - Dhaouadi S AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. AD - LR01ES04 Epidemiologie et Prevention des Maladies Cardiovasculaires en Tunisie, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia. AD - Mediterranean and Black Sea Programme in Intervention Epidemiology Training (MediPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Solna, 16973 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Bouguerra, Hind AU - Bouguerra H AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. AD - LR01ES04 Epidemiologie et Prevention des Maladies Cardiovasculaires en Tunisie, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia. FAU - Hechaichi, Aicha AU - Hechaichi A AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. AD - LR01ES04 Epidemiologie et Prevention des Maladies Cardiovasculaires en Tunisie, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia. FAU - Letaief, Hejer AU - Letaief H AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. AD - LR01ES04 Epidemiologie et Prevention des Maladies Cardiovasculaires en Tunisie, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia. FAU - Safer, Mouna AU - Safer M AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. AD - LR01ES04 Epidemiologie et Prevention des Maladies Cardiovasculaires en Tunisie, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia. FAU - Aichouch, Chaima AU - Aichouch C AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. FAU - Zouayti, Amenallah AU - Zouayti A AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. FAU - Bougatef, Myriam AU - Bougatef M AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. FAU - Neffati, Arwa AU - Neffati A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0067-274X AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. FAU - El Mili, Nawel AU - El Mili N AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. FAU - Mhadhbi, Rim AU - Mhadhbi R AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. FAU - Bouafif Ep Ben Alaya, Nissaf AU - Bouafif Ep Ben Alaya N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3326-9861 AD - National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases, Tunis 1002, Tunisia. AD - LR01ES04 Epidemiologie et Prevention des Maladies Cardiovasculaires en Tunisie, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251230 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Tunisia/epidemiology MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC12840641 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Tunisia OT - determinants OT - epidemiology OT - long COVID OT - prevalence COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/01/28 07:47 MHDA- 2026/01/28 19:21 PMCR- 2025/12/30 CRDT- 2026/01/28 01:08 PHST- 2025/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/28 19:21 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/28 07:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/28 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph23010049 [pii] AID - ijerph-23-00049 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph23010049 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Dec 30;23(1):49. doi: 10.3390/ijerph23010049. PMID- 41535076 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260626 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan 14 TI - Trajectory, healthcare utilisation and recovery in 3590 individuals with long covid: a 4-year prospective cohort analysis. PG - e103884 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-103884 [doi] LID - e103884 AB - OBJECTIVE: To characterise long-term trajectory of recovery in individuals with long covid. DESIGN: Prospective cohort. SETTING: Single-centre, specialist post-COVID service (London, UK). PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged >/=18 years with long covid (hospitalised and non-hospitalised) from April 2020 to March 2024. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Routine, prospectively collected data on symptoms, quality of life (including Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), return to work status and healthcare utilisation (investigations, outpatient and emergency attendances). The primary outcome was recovery by self-reported >75% of 'best health' (EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale) and was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression models over 4 years. Linked National Health Service England registry data provided secondary care healthcare utilisation and expenditure. RESULTS: We included 3590 individuals (63.3% female, 73.5% non-hospitalised, median age 50.0 years, 71.9% with >/=2 doses of COVID-19 vaccination), who were followed up for a median of 136 (0-346) days since first assessment and 502 (251-825) days since symptom onset. At first assessment, 33.2% of employed individuals were unable to work. Dominant symptoms were fatigue (78.7%), breathlessness (68.1%) and brain fog (53.5%). 33.4% of individuals recovered to >75% of best health prior to clinic discharge (recovery occurred median 202 (94-468) days from symptom onset). Vaccinated individuals were more likely to recover faster (pre: HR 2.93 (2.00-4.28) and post: HR 1.34 (1.05-1.71) COVID-19 infection), whereas recovery hazard was inversely associated with FAS (HR 0.37 (0.33-0.42)), myalgia (HR 0.59 (0.45-0.76)) and dysautonomic symptoms (HR 0.46 (0.34-0.62)). There was high secondary care healthcare utilisation (both emergency and outpatient care). Annual inpatient and outpatient expenditure was significantly lower in hospitalised individuals while under the service. When compared with the prereferral period, emergency department attendances were reduced in non-hospitalised patients with long covid, but outpatient costs increased. CONCLUSIONS: In the largest long covid cohort from a single specialist post-COVID service to date, only one-third of individuals under follow-up achieved satisfactory recovery. Fatigue severity and COVID-19 vaccination at presentation, even after initial COVID-19 infection, was associated with long covid recovery. Ongoing service provision for this and other post-viral conditions is necessary to support care, progress treatment options and provide capacity for future pandemic preparedness. Research and clinical services should emphasise these factors as the strongest predictors of non-recovery. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Prashar, Jai AU - Prashar J AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. AD - The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Hillman, Toby AU - Hillman T AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Wall, Emma C AU - Wall EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2732-4497 AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. AD - The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. AD - Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Precision Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, UK. FAU - Sarna, Amanpreet AU - Sarna A AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Mi, Emma AU - Mi E AD - Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK. FAU - Bell, Robert AU - Bell R AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Sahota, Jagdeep AU - Sahota J AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Zandi, Michael AU - Zandi M AD - Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, England, UK. FAU - McNamara, Patricia AU - McNamara P AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Livingston, Rebecca AU - Livingston R AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Gore, Rebecca AU - Gore R AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Lunken, Catherine AU - Lunken C AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Bax, Elena AU - Bax E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-9789-8131 AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Nyam, Rachel AU - Nyam R AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Rafie Manzelat, Amir Masood AU - Rafie Manzelat AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4263-2474 AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Hishmeh, Lyth AU - Hishmeh L AD - Long Covid SOS, London, UK. FAU - Attree, Emily AU - Attree E AD - Ridgmount Practice, London, UK. FAU - Cone, Stephen AU - Cone S AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK. FAU - Banerjee, Amitava AU - Banerjee A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8741-3411 AD - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK ami.banerjee@ucl.ac.uk. AD - Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK. FAU - Heightman, Melissa AU - Heightman M AD - Respiratory Medicine, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260114 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/therapy/epidemiology/complications MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Quality of Life MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Fatigue MH - Return to Work/statistics & numerical data MH - Aged MH - London/epidemiology MH - Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC12815175 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Epidemiology OT - Health Services OT - Health policy OT - INTERNAL MEDICINE COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2026/01/15 16:13 MHDA- 2026/01/15 16:14 PMCR- 2026/01/14 CRDT- 2026/01/14 21:13 PHST- 2026/01/15 16:14 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/15 16:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/14 21:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2025-103884 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-103884 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2026 Jan 14;16(1):e103884. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-103884. PMID- 41527553 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260113 LR - 20260115 IS - 2050-0068 (Print) IS - 2050-0068 (Electronic) IS - 2050-0068 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Prolonged persistence of tissue-resident memory cells in the upper airway following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. PG - e70075 LID - 10.1002/cti2.70075 [doi] LID - e70075 AB - OBJECTIVES: Here, we characterised the diversity and persistence of immunological memory cells-particularly tissue-resident memory T (T(RM)) and B (B(RM)) cells-in the nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissues of healthy vaccinated (HV) individuals and those who experienced SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection (BR). METHODS: Nasopharynx (NP) samples were obtained using brushing from HV and BR subjects. Immune cell populations were analysed using transcriptomic profiling and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Transcriptomic profiling revealed that the NP of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals exhibited distinctive signatures of lymphocyte-mediated immunity, underscoring its role as a key site for viral invasion and immune activation. Effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T (T(EM)) cells, along with non-germinal center (GC) B cells, predominated in the NP. Although overall frequencies of memory T cells were comparable between HV and BR groups, CD4+ T(EM) and GC B cells were significantly enriched in the NP of BR individuals at least 1 year post infection. Notably, over 80% of CD4+ T(EM) and 40% of CD8+ T(EM) cells were T(RM), and more than 30% of memory B cells exhibited a B(RM) phenotype. These populations of CD4+, CD8+ T(RM) and B(RM) persisted in the NP for over 2 years following SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. In particular, CD4+ T(RM) cells were significantly more abundant and durably maintained in the NP mucosa of BR individuals. CONCLUSION: Our findings identify the nasopharynx as a key site of long-lived immunological memory, marked by persistent T(RM) and B(RM) cells after SARS-CoV-2 exposure. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology, Inc. FAU - Cha, Hyunkyung AU - Cha H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3462-3789 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital Cheonan Korea. FAU - Won, Jina AU - Won J AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea. FAU - Kim, Soo Min AU - Kim SM AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea. FAU - Lim, Suhyun AU - Lim S AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea. FAU - Kim, Sujin AU - Kim S AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea. FAU - Jin, Siyeon AU - Jin S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6358-8900 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea. FAU - Cho, Sung Dong AU - Cho SD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7140-6863 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyun Jik AU - Kim HJ AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea. AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea. AD - Sensory Organ Research Institute Seoul National University Medical Research Center Seoul Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260111 PL - Australia TA - Clin Transl Immunology JT - Clinical & translational immunology JID - 101638268 PMC - PMC12790937 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - localised immune memory OT - nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissues OT - tissue-resident memory T and B cells COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/01/13 07:43 MHDA- 2026/01/13 07:44 PMCR- 2026/01/11 CRDT- 2026/01/13 03:44 PHST- 2025/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/13 07:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/13 07:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/13 03:44 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CTI270075 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cti2.70075 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Transl Immunology. 2026 Jan 11;15(1):e70075. doi: 10.1002/cti2.70075. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41521412 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260111 LR - 20260114 IS - 2578-5745 (Electronic) IS - 2578-5745 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan TI - Impaired Generation of High-Affinity Memory B Cells and Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 in Adolescents and Young Adults With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated With Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors. PG - e70157 LID - 10.1002/acr2.70157 [doi] LID - e70157 AB - OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), focusing on the generation of spike-specific memory B cells (MBCs) and of neutralizing antibodies, and assessed the impact of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, particularly tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi). METHODS: This study enrolled 35 adolescent and young adult patients with JIA. Data concerning disease characteristics and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection were collected. We analyzed the frequency of low-affinity spike-specific and high-affinity spike-specific MBCs by flow cytometry. We measured total anti-spike antibodies levels using a chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay and assessed neutralizing antibody titers with a microneutralization assay. RESULTS: Patients with JIA showed a reduced frequency of high-affinity MBCs compared to controls, with a notably poorer response among those receiving TNFi treatment. Additionally, their ability to bind the Omicron variant was significantly lower, particularly among TNFi-treated patients. SARS-CoV-2 infection alone was not able to generate high-affinity MBCs and neutralizing antibodies in patients with JIA. After receiving three vaccine doses, 43% of patients with JIA exhibited a reduced frequency of high-affinity MBCs and neutralizing antibodies. CONCLUSION: Patients with JIA undergoing treatment with TNFi demonstrated a diminished immunogenic response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, with lower frequencies of high-affinity MBCs and decreased neutralizing antibody titers. These findings underscore the need for customized vaccination protocols, including the potential use of booster doses, to enhance immunoprotection in this group. Additionally, the development of reliable biomarkers to distinguish between patients with and without adequate protective immunity is imperative to refine therapeutic interventions and ensure optimal patient outcomes. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). ACR Open Rheumatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Rheumatology. FAU - Aquilani, Angela AU - Aquilani A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3569-6645 AD - Division of Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Marinaro, Francesca AU - Marinaro F AD - Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Tarantino, Giusyda AU - Tarantino G AD - Division of Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Caiello, Ivan AU - Caiello I AD - Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Nobili, Lorenzo AU - Nobili L AD - Division of Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Nicolai, Rebecca AU - Nicolai R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4298-0628 AD - Division of Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Petrone, Maria Isabella AU - Petrone MI AD - Division of Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Castilletti, Concetta AU - Castilletti C AD - Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, Italy. FAU - Magni-Manzoni, Silvia AU - Magni-Manzoni S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5714-1141 AD - Division of Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - De Benedetti, Fabrizio AU - De Benedetti F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8749-8232 AD - Division of Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Marasco, Emiliano AU - Marasco E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5346-3357 AD - Division of Rheumatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - Ricerca Corrente/Ministero della Salute/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - ACR Open Rheumatol JT - ACR open rheumatology JID - 101740025 PMC - PMC12791034 EDAT- 2026/01/12 00:37 MHDA- 2026/01/12 00:38 PMCR- 2026/01/11 CRDT- 2026/01/11 23:43 PHST- 2025/09/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/12 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/12 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/11 23:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ACR270157 [pii] AID - 10.1002/acr2.70157 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - ACR Open Rheumatol. 2026 Jan;8(1):e70157. doi: 10.1002/acr2.70157. PMID- 41515583 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260110 LR - 20260113 IS - 2075-4418 (Print) IS - 2075-4418 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4418 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Dec 26 TI - Cellular Immunological Memory T Cells and IL15RA Gene Polymorphism in COVID-19 Vaccinated Individuals from Southern Brazil. LID - 10.3390/diagnostics16010089 [doi] LID - 89 AB - Background: The development of safe and effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 was crucial for controlling COVID-19 and establishing long-lasting immune memory in the population. Methods: This study evaluated cellular immune memory in individuals vaccinated with different regimens in Rio Grande do Sul using flow cytometry. Additionally, the rs2228059 polymorphism in the IL15RA gene was genotyped. A total of 62 participants were randomly recruited. Results: A decrease in memory T cell subsets in response to SARS-CoV-2 stimuli was observed in total CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cells. Regarding the timing of the last vaccine dose, 94.4% of participants had received their final COVID-19 vaccination at least two years prior to recruitment. The rs2228059 polymorphism was genotyped in 443 individuals from the Rio Grande do Sul population. Among participants who received the ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 vaccination regimen and carried the TT genotype, an increase in CD8(+) naive, CD8(+) effector and CD4(+) naive subsets was observed in stimulated cells. Although preliminary, the results suggest no major differences between vaccination regimens. Conclusions: The progressive reduction in memory T cell counts supports the need for booster doses, which is essential not only in the context of new emerging variants but also especially to maintain adequate cellular immune protection. FAU - Rodrigues, Grazielle Motta AU - Rodrigues GM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3881-6526 AD - Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil. AD - Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. FAU - da Silva, Pamela Portela AU - da Silva PP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6911-8803 AD - Laboratory Diagnostic Service, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. FAU - Pinho, Maria Clara de Freitas AU - Pinho MCF AD - Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. FAU - Fischer, Tais da Silveira AU - Fischer TDS AD - Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. FAU - de Paris, Fernanda AU - de Paris F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2563-9487 AD - Laboratory Diagnostic Service, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. FAU - Campos, Fabricio Souza AU - Campos FS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5948-472X AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil. FAU - Garcia, Arthur Bandeira de Mello AU - Garcia ABM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9533-9562 AD - Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. FAU - Jatai, Lucas Fernandes AU - Jatai LF AD - Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. FAU - Ashton-Prolla, Patricia AU - Ashton-Prolla P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5093-4739 AD - Medical Genetics Service, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. FAU - Vianna, Fernanda Sales Luiz AU - Vianna FSL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6339-4869 AD - Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil. AD - Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. FAU - Rosset, Clevia AU - Rosset C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1728-4770 AD - Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil. AD - Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 22/2551-0000600-0/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/ GR - 2022-0098/Fundo de Incentivo a Pesquisa e Eventos (FIPE)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251226 PL - Switzerland TA - Diagnostics (Basel) JT - Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101658402 PMC - PMC12785960 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IL15RA OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell OT - cellular memory OT - vaccines COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/01/10 06:32 MHDA- 2026/01/10 06:33 PMCR- 2025/12/26 CRDT- 2026/01/10 01:07 PHST- 2025/11/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/10 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/10 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/10 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - diagnostics16010089 [pii] AID - diagnostics-16-00089 [pii] AID - 10.3390/diagnostics16010089 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Dec 26;16(1):89. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics16010089. PMID- 41502006 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260918 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Print) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan TI - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination Leads to Transient Humoral and B Cell Bystander Responses in Adults. PG - e70127 LID - 10.1002/eji.70127 [doi] LID - e70127 AB - After antigen encounter, long-lived antibody-secreting cells (ASC) secrete high-affinity circulating antibodies. In addition, memory B cells (MBC) are quickly reactivated upon antigen re-exposure and predominantly generate shorter-lived ASCs. Studies have suggested that MBC can differentiate into ASCs without recognizing their cognate antigen, a process known as "bystander activation". This antigen-independent reactivation of MBC could help maintain circulating antibody levels, thereby protecting against future infections. To elucidate whether SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination leads to bystander activation of B cells, the dynamics of antibody concentrations against six pathogen-specific antigens not encountered during the sampling period were analyzed over time. Deep profiling of antigen-specific B cell responses was simultaneously performed using multiparameter high-dimensional spectral flow cytometry. Antibody concentrations against tetanus toxoid (TT), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza hemagglutinin (HA) unexpectedly increased 6 weeks after the first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Deep profiling of B cell differentiation stages demonstrated a short-term increase in influenza-specific IgG+ DN3 B cells, RSV-specific IgG+ CD11c+ activated B cells, and TT-specific IgG+ MBC following vaccination. In this study, we demonstrated at both the antibody and cellular levels that SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination transiently activates distinct early activated B cell compartments directed against influenza HA, RSV, and TT. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). European Journal of Immunology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Kuijper, Lisan H AU - Kuijper LH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3009-0943 AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Kummer, Laura Y L AU - Kummer LYL AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Blanco, Laura Fernandez AU - Blanco LF AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - van der Straten, Karlijn AU - van der Straten K AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Claireaux, Mathieu A F AU - Claireaux MAF AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Bos, Amelie V AU - Bos AV AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Dieker-Meijer, Miranda C AU - Dieker-Meijer MC AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Jorritsma, Tineke AU - Jorritsma T AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Duurland, Mariel C AU - Duurland MC AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Steenhuis, Maurice AU - Steenhuis M AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Vallejo, Juan J Garcia AU - Vallejo JJG AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - van Dam, Koos P J AU - van Dam KPJ AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Stalman, Eileen W AU - Stalman EW AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Wieske, Luuk AU - Wieske L AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands. FAU - Tas, Sander W AU - Tas SW AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Boekel, Laura AU - Boekel L AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Wolbink, Gert-Jan AU - Wolbink GJ AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Rispens, Theo AU - Rispens T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9600-1312 AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Kuijpers, Taco W AU - Kuijpers TW AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Eftimov, Filip AU - Eftimov F AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - van Gils, Marit J AU - van Gils MJ AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Ten Brinke, Anja AU - Ten Brinke A AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - van Ham, S Marieke AU - van Ham SM AD - Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. CN - T2B! immunity against SARS-CoV-2 study group LA - eng GR - 10430072010007/ZONMW_/ZonMw/Netherlands GR - L2506/Sanquin Blood Supply program grant PPOC OPTIMAL/ PT - Journal Article PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Tetanus Toxoid) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Adult MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Lymphocyte Activation/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Bystander Effect/immunology MH - Tetanus Toxoid/immunology MH - Female MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Cell Differentiation PMC - PMC12779779 OTO - NOTNLM OT - DN3 OT - IgG+ activated B cells OT - antibodies OT - antibody-secreting cells OT - memory B cells OT - noncognate antigen OT - serological memory COIS- Filip Eftimov, Gert-Jan Wolbink, S. Marieke van Ham, and Taco W. Kuijpers report (governmental) grants from ZonMw to study immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in autoimmune diseases. Filip Eftimov also reports grants from Prinses Beatrix Spierfonds, CSL Behring, Kedrion, Terumo BCT, Grifols, Takeda Pharmaceutical, and GBS-CIDP Foundation; consulting fees from UCB Pharma and CSl Behring; and honoraria from Grifols. All other authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/01/08 07:13 MHDA- 2026/01/08 07:14 PMCR- 2026/01/08 CRDT- 2026/01/08 00:22 PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/08 07:14 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/08 07:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/08 00:22 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EJI70127 [pii] AID - 10.1002/eji.70127 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2026 Jan;56(1):e70127. doi: 10.1002/eji.70127. PMID- 41494490 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260130 LR - 20260806 IS - 1879-1379 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3956 (Linking) VI - 194 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Astrocyte-mediated hippocampal damage in the pathogenesis of dysexecutive syndrome following COVID-19: A narrative review. PG - 164-173 LID - S0022-3956(26)00007-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.007 [doi] AB - SARS-CoV-2 infection has been implicated in hippocampal damage, contributing to the pathogenesis of dysexecutive syndrome observed in post-COVID-19 patients. Given the growing prevalence of long-COVID worldwide, understanding how SARS-CoV-2 affects hippocampal structure and function has become an urgent scientific and clinical priority. The hippocampus-crucial for memory, emotional regulation, and executive functioning-is especially susceptible to viral-driven neuroinflammatory cascades. SARS-CoV-2 triggers astrocyte and microglia activation, disrupts blood-brain barrier integrity, and induces cytokine-mediated neurotoxicity, ultimately impairing neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. These mechanisms converge to produce cognitive and affective disturbances-most notably fatigue, apathy, low mood, and executive dysfunction-that typify dysexecutive syndrome in long-COVID. This review synthesizes current evidence from clinical and experimental studies, integrating findings on viral neurotropism, hippocampal hypometabolism, and astrocyte-mediated neurodegeneration. Distinctions between depressive symptoms driven by neuroinflammation and classical depressive disorders are clarified to improve diagnostic accuracy and guide personalized treatment. Emerging data on the neuroprotective role of COVID-19 vaccination-particularly its capacity to modulate microglial activation and support hippocampal neurogenesis-are also examined. Overall, the findings underscore the need for targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating neuroinflammation and supporting hippocampal plasticity, including cognitive rehabilitation approaches. Longitudinal studies are essential to elucidate the enduring impact of SARS-CoV-2 on hippocampal function and to inform effective clinical interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Messina, Antonino AU - Messina A AD - Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy; Psychiatry Unit, Department of Mental Health, ASP Enna, 94100, Enna, Italy. FAU - Bella, Fabrizio AU - Bella F AD - Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy. Electronic address: faber.bella92@gmail.com. FAU - Maccarone, Giuliana AU - Maccarone G AD - Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy. FAU - Avincola, Gabriele AU - Avincola G AD - Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy. FAU - Signorelli, Maria Salvina AU - Signorelli MS AD - Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy; Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018, Troina, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260103 PL - England TA - J Psychiatr Res JT - Journal of psychiatric research JID - 0376331 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/immunology/pathology MH - *Astrocytes/pathology/immunology/metabolism MH - *Hippocampus/pathology/physiopathology/metabolism/virology/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Neuroinflammatory Diseases MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology MH - *Executive Function/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Apathy OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognitive function OT - Depression OT - Dysexecutive syndrome OT - Fatigue OT - Hippocampus OT - Neuroinflammation OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/01/07 01:11 MHDA- 2026/01/31 00:29 CRDT- 2026/01/06 18:07 PHST- 2025/06/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/31 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/07 01:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/06 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0022-3956(26)00007-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Psychiatr Res. 2026 Mar;194:164-173. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.007. Epub 2026 Jan 3. PMID- 41487610 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260105 LR - 20260107 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2025 TI - Integrating sociocultural theories to inform public health response: unique relationships between moral foundations, cultural cognition worldviews, and COVID-19 attitudes and behaviors. PG - 1606229 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1606229 [doi] LID - 1606229 AB - Key variables from Moral Foundations Theory and the Cultural Theory of Risk were examined in relationship to COVID-19 attitudes and behaviors. Two surveys were conducted with unvaccinated U. S. adults (n = 1,025) that assessed five moral foundations (care, fairness, authority, loyalty, and purity), two dimensions of Cultural Cognition Worldviews (individualism-communitarianism and hierarchy-egalitarianism), COVID-19 vaccination likelihood and related attitudes (including measures of perceived risk, protective behavior, and trust), political orientation, and demographic characteristics. The individualism-communitarianism scale, derived from the Cultural Theory of Risk, was the most impactful predictor across surveys. When controlling for responses to all other measures, participants who placed greater emphasis on individualism tended to report a lower likelihood of getting a COVID-19 vaccination, to perceive a lower level of risk from COVID-19, and to express greater distrust in the safety of vaccines developed by the government. Many other moral and cultural worldview dimensions were uniquely predictive of COVID-19 attitudes as well, while political orientation and demographic characteristics were generally weak or non-significant in multiple regression models. Findings underscore the sociocultural foundations of health behavior. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Wolsko and Marino. FAU - Wolsko, Christopher AU - Wolsko C AD - Laboratory for the American Conversation, Oregon State University - Cascades, Bend, OR, United States. FAU - Marino, Elizabeth AU - Marino E AD - Laboratory for the American Conversation, Oregon State University - Cascades, Bend, OR, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251219 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Morals MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Public Health MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - United States MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - Health Behavior PMC - PMC12757365 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Moral Foundations Theory OT - cultural worldview OT - individualism OT - vaccine attitudes COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/01/05 06:47 MHDA- 2026/01/05 06:48 PMCR- 2025/12/19 CRDT- 2026/01/05 05:22 PHST- 2025/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/05 06:48 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/05 06:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/05 05:22 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1606229 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2025 Dec 19;13:1606229. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1606229. eCollection 2025. PMID- 41481757 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260102 LR - 20260106 IS - 2767-3375 (Electronic) IS - 2767-3375 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 1 DP - 2026 TI - Beyond emotions: Social cognitive predictors of COVID-19 vaccination intentions before and after vaccine roll-out. PG - e0005668 LID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0005668 [doi] LID - e0005668 AB - Understanding the drivers of COVID-19 vaccination intentions remains relevant as public health systems prepare for future pandemics. This study examined how emotional and social-cognitive factors influence COVID-19 vaccination intentions during two key phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: before (April-June 2020) and after (January-February 2021) vaccination rollout. A total of 586 adults completed an online survey assessing beliefs about COVID-19, self-efficacy to adhere to protective behaviours, perceived stress, affect, psychological flexibility, and prosociality. Self-efficacy, prosociality, psychological flexibility and positive affect significantly declined after vaccination rollout. Higher self-efficacy and perceived severity of the disease consistently predicted stronger vaccination intentions across time points. Perceived susceptibility was negatively associated with vaccination intention before, but not after rollout. The psychological variables were not significant predictors of intentions. These findings underscore the importance of social-cognitive factors, especially self-efficacy and perceived severity, in shaping vaccination-related decisions, with implications for designing effective communication strategies in future health emergencies. CI - Copyright: (c) 2026 Manoli et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Manoli, Athina AU - Manoli A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8500-7006 AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus. AD - Centre for Psychiatry & Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, United Kingdom. FAU - Kyprianidou, Maria AU - Kyprianidou M AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus. AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. AD - Department of Social and Political Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Lamnisos, Demetris AU - Lamnisos D AD - Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Lubenko, Jelena AU - Lubenko J AD - Psychological Laboratory, Faculty of Public Health and Social Welfare, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia. FAU - Presti, Giovambattista AU - Presti G AD - Kore University Behavioral Lab (KUBeLab), Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Enna "Kore", Enna, Italy. FAU - Squatrito, Valeria AU - Squatrito V AD - Kore University Behavioral Lab (KUBeLab), Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Enna "Kore", Enna, Italy. FAU - Constantinou, Marios AU - Constantinou M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6646-5877 AD - Department of Social Sciences, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Nicolaou, Christiana AU - Nicolaou C AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus. FAU - Papacostas, Savvas AU - Papacostas S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3845-7439 AD - Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Aydin, Gokcen AU - Aydin G AD - Department of Guidance and Psychological Counseling, TED University, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Chong, Yuen Yu AU - Chong YY AD - The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Chien, Wai Tong AU - Chien WT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5321-5791 AD - The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Cheng, Ho Yu AU - Cheng HY AD - The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Ruiz, Francisco AU - Ruiz F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8863-1111 AD - Department of Psychology, Fundacion Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogota, Colombia. FAU - Garcia-Martin, Maria Belen AU - Garcia-Martin MB AD - Department of Psychology and Education, Universidad de Loyola, Sevilla, Spain. FAU - Obando-Posada, Diana P AU - Obando-Posada DP AD - Department of Psychology, University of La Sabana, Chia, Colombia. FAU - Segura-Vargas, Miguel AU - Segura-Vargas M AD - Department of Psychology, Fundacion Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogota, Colombia. FAU - Vasiliou, Vasilis S AU - Vasiliou VS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3501-4093 AD - Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, United Kingdom. FAU - McHugh, Louise AU - McHugh L AD - School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Hofer, Stefan AU - Hofer S AD - Department of Psychiatry II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. FAU - Baban, Adriana AU - Baban A AD - Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Neto, David Dias AU - Neto DD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3129-262X AD - APPsyCI-Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, ISPA-Instituto Universitario, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Da Silva, Ana Nunes AU - Da Silva AN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7125-716X AD - CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Monestes, Jean-Louis AU - Monestes JL AD - LIP/PC2S, Universite Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France. FAU - Alvarez-Galvez, Javier AU - Alvarez-Galvez J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9512-7853 AD - CS2 DataLab, University Research Institute for Sustainable Social Development, University of Cadiz, Jerez, Spain. AD - Department of General Economy (Sociology area), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain. FAU - Paez-Blarrina, Marisa AU - Paez-Blarrina M AD - Instituto ACT, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Montesinos, Francisco AU - Montesinos F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7472-7734 AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Valdivia-Salas, Sonsoles AU - Valdivia-Salas S AD - Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Ori, Dorottya AU - Ori D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0878-165X AD - Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. AD - Department of Mental Health, Heim Pal National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Kleszcz, Bartosz AU - Kleszcz B AD - Behawioralnie, Poland. FAU - Lappalainen, Raimo AU - Lappalainen R AD - Department of Psychology, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. FAU - Ivanovic, Iva AU - Ivanovic I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6939-7489 AD - Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute for Children's Diseases, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro. AD - Centre for early development, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro. FAU - Gosar, David AU - Gosar D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5289-3459 AD - Department of Child, Adolescent and Developmental Neurology, Children's University Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. AD - Department of Psychology, Univerisity of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FAU - Dionne, Frederick AU - Dionne F AD - Departement de Psychologie, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivieres, Canada. FAU - Merwin, Rhonda AU - Merwin R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3729-0297 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University, Durham, United States of America. FAU - Karekla, Maria AU - Karekla M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7021-7908 AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Gloster, Andrew AU - Gloster A AD - Division of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural Sciences and Psychology, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland. FAU - Kassianos, Angelos AU - Kassianos A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6428-2623 AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260102 PL - United States TA - PLOS Glob Public Health JT - PLOS global public health JID - 9918283779606676 PMC - PMC12758815 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2026/01/02 19:38 MHDA- 2026/01/02 19:39 PMCR- 2026/01/02 CRDT- 2026/01/02 14:04 PHST- 2025/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/02 19:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/02 19:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/02 14:04 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PGPH-D-25-02717 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0005668 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLOS Glob Public Health. 2026 Jan 2;6(1):e0005668. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0005668. eCollection 2026. PMID- 41481458 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260102 LR - 20260919 IS - 1091-6490 (Electronic) IS - 0027-8424 (Print) IS - 0027-8424 (Linking) VI - 123 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan 6 TI - Memory B cell development in response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 and nanoparticle immunization in mice. PG - e2527869123 LID - 10.1073/pnas.2527869123 [doi] LID - e2527869123 AB - Nanoparticle immunogens excel at rapidly inducing high levels of circulating antibodies and are being deployed as part of several novel vaccines. However, their ability to elicit memory B cell responses is less well understood. Here, we compared serologic and memory B cell responses after prime boost vaccination with either SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 mRNA vaccine, or protein nanoparticles: SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 homotypic containing a single receptor binding domain (RBD); (homotypic beta) or a combination of different Sarbecovirus RBDs (mosaic 8b), respectively. The memory B cells elicited by the 3 vaccine regimens showed closely related antibody sequences, similar levels of somatic mutation, and clonal diversity. The breadth of serologic responses elicited by the mosaic nanoparticles was comparable to the homotypic nanoparticle and superior to the mRNA vaccine for some mismatched strains. However, serum neutralizing titers to SARS-CoV-2 were highest after mRNA vaccination. The three vaccines elicited memory B cells that produced antibodies specific to a broad range of epitopes on the RBD that differed in a way that may reflect epitope masking. Monoclonal antibodies derived from memory B cells elicited by the mosaic 8b nanoparticle showed greater breadth against a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants and SARS-CoV. FAU - Wiatr, Marie AU - Wiatr M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Wang, Zijun AU - Wang Z AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Canis, Marie AU - Canis M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9243-867X AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Hernandez, Brianna AU - Hernandez B AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Gazumyan, Anna AU - Gazumyan A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Santos, Gabriela S Silva AU - Santos GSS AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Shawraz, Sadman AU - Shawraz S AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Lee, Songhee AU - Lee S AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2368-3719 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. AD - HHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Hatziioannou, Theodora AU - Hatziioannou T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7889-0766 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. FAU - Muecksch, Frauke AU - Muecksch F AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. FAU - Nussenzweig, Michel C AU - Nussenzweig MC AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. AD - HHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065. LA - eng GR - R37 AI037526/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI144462/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 1UM1AI144462-01/HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - 5R37 AI037526/HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260102 PL - United States TA - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A JT - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America JID - 7505876 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2025 Oct 02:2025.10.01.679787. doi: 10.1101/2025.10.01.679787. PMID: 41256446 MH - Animals MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology/genetics MH - *Nanoparticles/administration & dosage MH - Mice MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Female MH - RNA, Messenger/immunology MH - mRNA Vaccines/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Humans MH - Immunization MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC12773752 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cell OT - nanoparticle vaccine OT - neutralizing antibodies COIS- Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2026/01/02 19:38 MHDA- 2026/01/02 19:39 PMCR- 2026/01/02 CRDT- 2026/01/02 12:43 PHST- 2026/01/02 19:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/02 19:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/02 12:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 202527869 [pii] AID - 10.1073/pnas.2527869123 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026 Jan 6;123(1):e2527869123. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2527869123. Epub 2026 Jan 2. PMID- 41480626 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260102 LR - 20260927 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan TI - Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment Can Correct COVID-19 Health-Related Misconceptions. PG - e71519 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.71519 [doi] LID - e71519 AB - BACKGROUND: Misconceptions are a major cause of poor health through adverse health-related decisions and behavior, yet common techniques to refute these beliefs may be ineffective for older adults and/or difficult to implement. Based on well-established methods from cognitive science, we tested the short- and long-term effectiveness of a simple learning method to dispel misconceptions related to COVID-19 in older adults with and without cognitive impairment. METHODS: Participants rated COVID-19 misconceptions as either true/false or yes/no, remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. Immediately following the pretest of misconceptions, participants received feedback about their responses consisting of the knowledge statement, their answer, the correct answer, and an explanation of the correct answer. A surprise retest of the same statements occurred after 30 min and then again after 1 week. Additional measures including cognitive testing, self-reported mood, and variables related to COVID-19 (e.g., vaccine hesitancy) were also given. Older adults were categorized into two groups (i.e., healthy, impaired) based on recommended cutoffs from a cognitive screener, the MoCA-Blind. RESULTS: Older adults with cognitive impairment (N = 32) were less knowledgeable about common COVID-19 misconceptions. Despite initial knowledge deficits, older adults with impairment demonstrated equivalent gains on the retests, compared to healthy older adults (N = 31), which was supported by moderate evidence. Groups made significant knowledge gains on the 30 min retest (d = 0.71), and these gains persisted over 1 week. Knowledge updating was not impacted by personal experience with COVID-19 or general vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that a simple learning method can lead to persistent knowledge gains in even older adults with demonstrated cognitive deficits. Adding these novel results to the existing literature suggests that "myth-busting" may be an effective learning technique for people with a range of ages, cognitive abilities, experiences, and beliefs. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - DeCaro, Renee E AU - DeCaro RE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2625-0633 AD - Psychology Department Butler University Indianapolis Indiana USA. AD - Department of Neurology Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Boston Massachusetts USA. FAU - Marin, Anna AU - Marin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4866-6296 AD - Department of Neurology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA. FAU - Waskow, Emily AU - Waskow E AD - Department of Neurology Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Boston Massachusetts USA. AD - Veteran's Affairs (VA) Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA. FAU - Vives-Rodriguez, Ana AU - Vives-Rodriguez A AD - Department of Neurology Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA. FAU - Di Crosta, Adolfo AU - Di Crosta A AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, Health, and Territory Universita degli Studi G. d'Annunzio Chieti e Pescara Chieti Italy. FAU - La Malva, Pasquale AU - La Malva P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8641-8851 AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, Health, and Territory Universita degli Studi G. d'Annunzio Chieti e Pescara Chieti Italy. FAU - Turk, Katherine W AU - Turk KW AD - Department of Neurology Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Boston Massachusetts USA. AD - Veteran's Affairs (VA) Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA. FAU - Palumbo, Rocco AU - Palumbo R AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, Health, and Territory Universita degli Studi G. d'Annunzio Chieti e Pescara Chieti Italy. FAU - Budson, Andrew E AU - Budson AE AD - Department of Neurology Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Boston Massachusetts USA. AD - Veteran's Affairs (VA) Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA. LA - eng GR - I01 CX002400/CX/CSRD VA/United States GR - IK2 CX002065/CX/CSRD VA/United States GR - P30 AG072978/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251230 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC12754260 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cognitive impairment OT - learning OT - misconceptions COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/01/02 06:29 MHDA- 2026/01/02 06:30 PMCR- 2025/12/30 CRDT- 2026/01/02 04:49 PHST- 2024/07/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/02 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/02 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/02 04:49 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR271519 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.71519 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2025 Dec 30;9(1):e71519. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.71519. eCollection 2026 Jan. PMID- 41466718 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251230 LR - 20260101 IS - 2042-0986 (Print) IS - 2042-0994 (Electronic) IS - 2042-0986 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Complex chronic adverse events following immunization: a systemic critique and reform proposal for vaccine pharmacovigilance. PG - 20420986251395925 LID - 10.1177/20420986251395925 [doi] LID - 20420986251395925 AB - The COVID-19 pandemic has renewed attention to complex chronic health conditions that challenge conventional biomedical paradigms. Syndromes such as postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome have gained broader visibility through the lens of Long COVID. As global vaccination campaigns expanded, a subset of individuals began reporting similarly persistent, multisystem symptoms following COVID-19 immunization-informally referred to as post-COVID-19 vaccination syndrome. These presentations, which include dysautonomia, neuropathic pain, post-exertional malaise, and cognitive dysfunction, resemble post-infectious syndromes and may involve shared immune-related mechanisms. Although no causal relationship to vaccination has been established, these cases-together with comparable reports following other vaccines-highlight limitations in current vaccine safety systems for detecting and evaluating complex chronic outcomes. This article introduces the concept of complex chronic adverse events following immunization (CC-AEFIs) as a pragmatic, surveillance-oriented framework to support the systematic identification and investigation of such cases. CC-AEFIs are not syndromic diagnoses but a higher-order category encompassing persistent, multifactorial conditions that may follow immunization yet challenge existing pharmacovigilance definitions and tools. These conditions often involve multiple organ systems, delayed onset, fluctuating trajectories, diagnostic ambiguity, and symptom heterogeneity. Drawing on the author's lived experience as an affected patient and integrating clinical, regulatory, and experiential evidence, the analysis examines structural and epistemic limitations across the pharmacovigilance continuum-from underrecognition in clinical settings to analytic exclusion and constrained governance. It concludes by proposing reforms to strengthen safety-system responsiveness, including enhanced diagnostic training, longitudinal surveillance, patient-reported outcome integration, and analytic transparency. Addressing these limitations is essential to sustain public trust, ensure equitable care, and uphold the scientific integrity of immunization programs. CI - (c) The Author(s), 2025. FAU - Kenny, Tiff-Annie AU - Kenny TA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9688-6149 AD - Faculte de medecine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - CRCHU de Quebec Universite Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251224 PL - England TA - Ther Adv Drug Saf JT - Therapeutic advances in drug safety JID - 101549074 PMC - PMC12743803 OAB - Improving vaccine safety systems to better detect and respond to chronic health problems after vaccination - Though vaccines are exceptionally safe and critical for public health, a small number of individuals develop long-lasting and complex health problems after vaccination that are difficult to diagnose and poorly understood. - These problems often involve symptoms such as fatigue, nerve pain, dizziness, heart rhythm issues, or brain fog. They may begin days or weeks after vaccination, affect multiple body systems, and change over time. Because they don't fit standard medical categories, many people are dismissed or misdiagnosed. - Similar symptoms have also been observed after infections like COVID-19 (known as Long COVID), suggesting that shared immune-related processes may be involved. While a direct causal link to vaccination is not always clear, emerging evidence shows the importance of systematically studying these cases. - Current vaccine safety systems work well to detect short-term or clearly defined side effects like fever or allergic reactions. However, they often miss longer-term, more complex, or delayed conditions that do not follow expected patterns. - This paper introduces a new framework-Complex Chronic Adverse Events Following Immunization (CC-AEFIs)-to help describe, investigate, and monitor these cases more effectively. - It also identifies challenges across the vaccine safety system-from diagnosis to reporting, data analysis, and governance: - Recognition: These conditions are often dismissed due to lack of clear tests (biomarkers) and a tendency to label symptoms as psychological. - Reporting: There are widespread underreporting issues, especially for complex or delayed symptoms. - Analysis: Current systems lack the long-term tracking and comparison data needed to detect rare or complex patterns. - Governance: Oversight processes are often opaque, influenced by vaccine manufacturers, and rarely include affected individuals. - The paper proposes concrete reforms to make vaccine safety systems more transparent, inclusive, and responsive. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - adverse events following immunization (AEFI) OT - long COVID OT - myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) OT - patient-reported outcomes OT - pharmacovigilance OT - post-vaccination syndrome OT - postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) OT - vaccine safety COIS- The author is an affected patient and has lived experience of a serious adverse event following immunization. This dual role-as both researcher and patient-informs the perspective and analysis offered in this article. The author declares no financial or other non-financial conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/12/30 07:40 MHDA- 2025/12/30 07:41 PMCR- 2025/12/24 CRDT- 2025/12/30 04:14 PHST- 2025/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/30 07:41 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/30 07:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/30 04:14 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_20420986251395925 [pii] AID - 10.1177/20420986251395925 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2025 Dec 24;16:20420986251395925. doi: 10.1177/20420986251395925. eCollection 2025. PMID- 41445104 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260223 LR - 20260224 IS - 1550-6606 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1767 (Linking) VI - 215 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Feb 9 TI - Highly efficient and low-cost single-cell culture platform for unbiased analysis of human memory B cell repertoire and antibody discovery. LID - vkaf305 [pii] LID - 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf305 [doi] AB - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic underscored the need for innovative approaches to study humoral immunity and isolate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Current methods for repertoire analysis at the clonal level require large-scale recombinant mAb production, limiting accessibility and delaying functional insight. We developed a single-cell culture (SCC) platform that enables profiling of human memory B cells and direct recovery of functional mAbs. Using samples from COVID-19 convalescent and vaccinated donors, we optimized SCCs with NB21 feeder cells, R848, and IL-2, achieving efficient clonal expansion and antibody secretion in short-term cultures. Screening and pseudovirus neutralization assays were performed directly with culture supernatants, bypassing the need for early recombinant antibody production. Antigen-baited cytometry sorting enriched spike-specific memory B cells by approximately 30-fold. Among 592 isolated mAbs, 53% bound the Wuhan spike, targeting the receptor-binding domain (28%), N-terminal domain (15%), or other regions (57%). Cross-reactivity analysis revealed that 40% of anti-spike mAbs recognized all tested variants of concern. VH/VL sequencing uncovered convergent rearrangements, including public V3-30 and V3-53/V3-66 clones, consistent with global findings. Two public receptor-binding domain-specific antibodies demonstrated broad neutralization when produced recombinantly. Together, these results validate the SCC system as a streamlined approach for unbiased repertoire analysis and functional mAb isolation. More broadly, the platform provides a practical framework for linking B cell clonal composition with antigen specificity and serum antibody responses. By reducing costs and simplifying workflows, it expands opportunities for antibody discovery and immunoepidemiological studies, fostering wider global participation in therapeutic antibody research. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The American Association of Immunologists. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Conde, Luciana AU - Conde L AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. AD - Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Oliveira, Debora L AU - Oliveira DL AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Maciel, Gabriela AU - Maciel G AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Castro, Fernando AU - Castro F AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira Albuquerque, Aline AU - de Oliveira Albuquerque A AD - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Ceara, Pasteur-Fiocruz Center on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Eusebio, CE, Brazil. FAU - Rodrigues, Danielle A AU - Rodrigues DA AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Mello, Yare AU - Mello Y AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Meira de Assis, Gustavo AU - Meira de Assis G AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Gabrielle, Barbara AU - Gabrielle B AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Ferreira, Suyane S AU - Ferreira SS AD - Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Cunha, Marcela S AU - Cunha MS AD - Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Navas, Carlena AU - Navas C AD - Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Biomimetics, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Emiliano, Manuela C AU - Emiliano MC AD - Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Biomimetics, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Rocha, Marcele N AU - Rocha MN AD - Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Biomimetics, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Soares, Barbara AU - Soares B AD - Laboratorio de Imunoreceptores e cao, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Tostes, Lucas AU - Tostes L AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Caloba, Philippe AU - Caloba P AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Maia, Bruno AU - Maia B AD - Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Bastos de Oliveira, Francisco M AU - Bastos de Oliveira FM AD - Laboratorio de Imunoreceptores e cao, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Tanuri, Amilcar AU - Tanuri A AD - Laboratorio de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genetica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Ferreira, Orlando C AU - Ferreira OC AD - Laboratorio de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genetica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Castineiras, Terezinha M AU - Castineiras TM AD - Nucleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doencas Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Martins da Silva, Joao Herminio AU - Martins da Silva JH AD - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Ceara, Pasteur-Fiocruz Center on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Eusebio, CE, Brazil. FAU - Echevarria, Juliana AU - Echevarria J AD - Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - T Bozza, Marcelo AU - T Bozza M AD - Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Castilho, Leda R AU - Castilho LR AD - Laboratorio de Engenharia de Cultivos Celulares, Programa de Engenharia Quimica, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - da Costa, Luciana J AU - da Costa LJ AD - Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. AD - Nucleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doencas Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Felicori, Liza F AU - Felicori LF AD - Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Biomimetics, Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Nobrega, Alberto AU - Nobrega A AD - Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Victora, Gabriel D AU - Victora GD AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Lucas, Carolina AU - Lucas C AD - Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Bonomo, Adriana AU - Bonomo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3938-9514 AD - Laboratory, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, IOC-FIOCRUZ, Thymus Research, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Vale, Andre M AU - Vale AM AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. LA - eng GR - GIISER-Brazil/Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation/ GR - Stavros Niarchos Foundation Institute for Global Infectious Disease at the Rockefeller University/ GR - Yale University/ GR - Instituto Serrapilheira/ GR - E-26/201.165/2022/Brazilian research funding agencies FAPERJ/ GR - E-26/201.165/2022/CNPq/ GR - CAPES/ GR - FINEP/ GR - APQ-03432-21/FAPEMIG/ GR - APQ-00501-23/FAPEMIG/ GR - APQ-04025-23/FAPEMIG/ GR - APQ-02375-25/FAPEMIG/ GR - #RED-00067-23/Rede Mineira de Imunobiologicos/ GR - INOVA COVID-19/FIOCRUZ/ GR - INCT NeuroImmunomodulation/ GR - Rede de ImunoInflamacao/ GR - FOCEM/Mercosul/ GR - MUCOVID-007/ANRS | Maladies infectieuses emergentes/Inserm/ GR - Corona-Omica-CNPq/FINEP/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Immunol JT - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) JID - 2985117R RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Single-Cell Analysis/methods/economics MH - *Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - *Cell Culture Techniques/methods MH - Immunologic Memory OTO - NOTNLM OT - antibody repertoire OT - functional screening OT - human memory B cells OT - monoclonal antibodies OT - single-cell culture EDAT- 2025/12/25 07:40 MHDA- 2026/02/23 18:52 CRDT- 2025/12/25 00:53 PHST- 2025/08/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/23 18:52 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/25 07:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/25 00:53 [entrez] AID - 8404540 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf305 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Immunol. 2026 Feb 9;215(2):vkaf305. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf305. PMID- 41433108 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260209 LR - 20260904 IS - 2379-3708 (Electronic) IS - 2379-3708 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Feb 9 TI - Intranasal booster drives class switching and homing of memory B cells for mucosal IgA response. LID - 10.1172/jci.insight.198045 [doi] LID - e198045 AB - Mucosal secretory IgA (sIgA) plays a central role in protecting against the invasion of respiratory pathogen via the upper respiratory tract. To understand how intranasal booster induces mucosal sIgA response in humans, we first used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for peptide identification of immunoglobulin (MS Ig-seq) and single-cell B cell receptor sequencing (scBCR-seq) to identify 42 mucosal spike-specific sIgA monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) after intranasal booster. These mucosal sIgA mAbs exhibited enhanced neutralization up to 100-fold against SARS-CoV-2 variants compared with their monomeric IgG and IgA isotypes. Deep sequencing and longitudinal analysis of B cell receptor repertoires revealed that intranasal booster restimulates memory B cells primed by intramuscular vaccination to undergo IgA class switching, somatic hypermutation, and clonal expansion. Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) revealed that intranasal booster upregulated the expression of mucosal homing receptors in spike-specific IgA-expressing B cells. This increase coincided with a transient increase of cytokines and chemokines that facilitate B cell recruitment in the nasal mucosa. Our findings demonstrate that intranasal booster can be an effective strategy for inducing upper respiratory mucosal sIgA and establishing mucosal immune protection. FAU - Chen, Si AU - Chen S AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangzhou Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhengyuan AU - Zhang Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Lin, Zihan AU - Lin Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Yin, Li AU - Yin L AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Ning, Lishan AU - Ning L AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Wenming AU - Liu W AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Qian AU - Wang Q AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Yang, Chenchen AU - Yang C AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Feng, Bo AU - Feng B AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Feng, Ying AU - Feng Y AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Yongping AU - Wang Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Hengchun AU - Li H AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - He, Ping AU - He P AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liang, Huan AU - Liang H AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Yichu AU - Liu Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Zhixia AU - Li Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Bo AU - Liu B AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Yang AU - Li Y AD - Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Boraschi, Diana AU - Boraschi D AD - Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Qu, Linbing AU - Qu L AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Niu, Xuefeng AU - Niu X AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhong, Nanshan AU - Zhong N AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Pingchao AU - Li P AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Ling AU - Chen L AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangzhou Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Human Cell Lineage Atlas Facility, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Institute of Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng SI - ChiCTR/ChiCTR2300070346 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20251223 PL - United States TA - JCI Insight JT - JCI insight JID - 101676073 RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A, Secretory) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Administration, Intranasal MH - *Immunization, Secondary/methods MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/immunology MH - *Immunoglobulin Class Switching/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Immunity, Mucosal MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Nasal Mucosa/immunology MH - Female MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology MH - Male MH - Immunoglobulin A/immunology PMC - PMC12892890 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - Immunoglobulins OT - Immunology OT - Infectious disease OT - Public Health OT - Vaccines EDAT- 2025/12/23 19:19 MHDA- 2026/02/09 12:53 PMCR- 2025/12/23 CRDT- 2025/12/23 12:03 PHST- 2025/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/09 12:53 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/23 19:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/23 12:03 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 198045 [pii] AID - 10.1172/jci.insight.198045 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JCI Insight. 2025 Dec 23;11(3):e198045. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.198045. eCollection 2026 Feb 9. PMID- 41432873 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251223 LR - 20261009 IS - 1573-2649 (Electronic) IS - 0962-9343 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Dec 23 TI - How do fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, activity and role functioning, and mental health inter-relate in adults with post-COVID-19 syndrome? A structural equation model analysis. PG - 3 LID - 10.1007/s11136-025-04122-7 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Post-COVID-19 Syndrome (PCS) is associated with persistent fatigue and cognitive symptoms that may disrupt daily functioning and mental health. This study examined interrelationships among fatigue, cognitive function, activity and role functioning, and mental health in individuals with PCS. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 535 adults in the Quebec Action for Post-COVID (QAPC) cohort who self-identified as experiencing PCS symptoms. Structural Equation Modelling was used to estimate associations among fatigue, self-reported cognitive concerns, cognitive performance, and two latent constructs: activity and role functioning and mental health. Models were adjusted for age, sex, education, race, alcohol use, prior mental health history, and vaccination status. RESULTS: Fatigue showed association with mental health (standardized regression coefficient, beta_std = 0.44, p < 0.001), primarily through a direct path (beta_std = 0.42) and a smaller indirect path via self-reported cognitive concerns (beta_std = 0.10). Fatigue was also associated with reduced activity and role functioning (beta_std = - 0.79), which did not mediate its link to mental health. Self-reported cognitive concerns were independently associated with poorer mental health (beta_std = 0.19). Cognitive performance was positively associated with activity and role functioning (beta_std = 0.11) but not with mental health. Covariates, including older age, Caucasian ethnicity, and vaccination, were linked to more favourable outcomes. CONCLUSION: Fatigue and self-reported cognitive concerns were associated with mental health symptoms in PCS. These findings highlight the value of symptom cluster-based screening to inform referral pathways for cognitive, psychological, and functional support. Longitudinal research is needed to clarify temporal ordering. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. FAU - Michael, Henry Ukachukwu AU - Michael HU AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1944-0650 AD - Division of Clinical and Translational Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. henry.michael@mail.mcgill.ca. AD - Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), 5252 de Maisonneuve, 2B:43, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada. henry.michael@mail.mcgill.ca. FAU - Aste, Fernando Gonzales AU - Aste FG AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Brouillette, Marie-Josee AU - Brouillette MJ AD - Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), 5252 de Maisonneuve, 2B:43, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Fellows, Lesley K AU - Fellows LK AD - Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Mayo, Nancy E AU - Mayo NE AD - Division of Clinical and Translational Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), 5252 de Maisonneuve, 2B:43, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada. AD - Division of Geriatrics, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. AD - School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251223 PL - Netherlands TA - Qual Life Res JT - Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation JID - 9210257 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/psychology/complications MH - *Fatigue/psychology/etiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology/etiology MH - *Mental Health MH - Quebec/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Latent Class Analysis MH - Aged MH - *Activities of Daily Living/psychology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome OAB - Some people continue to experience symptoms like extreme tiredness, memory problems, and emotional distress long after having COVID-19. This ongoing condition is often referred to as post-COVID syndrome (PCS). Our study aimed to understand how these symptoms are related and whether staying involved in everyday activities like work or household tasks can help protect mental health. We surveyed people living with PCS to explore the links between fatigue, thinking difficulties, and emotional well-being. We also looked at whether being active in daily roles helped reduce emotional distress. The results showed that people who felt more tired or had more difficulty thinking clearly also reported worse mental health. However, being engaged in regular activities did not appear to reduce this emotional impact. We found that how people rated their thinking abilities mattered more for mental health than how they scored on formal thinking tests. This suggests that feeling unable to think clearly can be very upsetting, even if test results do not show problems. Our findings highlight the importance of supporting people's concerns about fatigue and cognitive symptoms and suggest that the way we measure activity and role functioning in daily life may need to be broadened to fully understand its role in recovery. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognition OT - Fatigue OT - Long Covid OT - Mental health OT - Role functioning OT - Structural equation modelling COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Ethical approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for the QAPC study was obtained from the McGill University Health Centre Research Ethics Board (Project ID: 2022-8066). Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. EDAT- 2025/12/23 12:48 MHDA- 2025/12/23 12:49 CRDT- 2025/12/23 11:20 PHST- 2025/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/23 12:49 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/23 12:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/23 11:20 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11136-025-04122-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11136-025-04122-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Qual Life Res. 2025 Dec 23;35(1):3. doi: 10.1007/s11136-025-04122-7. PMID- 41416941 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251219 LR - 20260925 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Print) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 12 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Cell Responses in Rheumatoid Arthritis Subjects Vaccinated for COVID-19 Protection. PG - e70105 LID - 10.1002/eji.70105 [doi] LID - e70105 AB - The efficacy of mRNA-based vaccines to prevent COVID-19 in autoimmune patients is controversial due to immunosuppressive therapies. Here, we characterized the T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) subjects, who received as few as one or up to seven vaccine injections. The study population had different disease severities and an association with other autoimmune comorbidities. All the subjects studied showed SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4+ T helper (Th) cells in circulation, and in most of the subjects, CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were CCR6+, suggesting trafficking to tissues. T cell memory did not correlate with the number of vaccine boosts received. Nonspike-specific T cells were enumerated in subjects who had symptomatic or asymptomatic COVID-19. Spike- and nonspike-specific regulatory T cells (Treg) were detectable in most subjects. CD4(-) CD8(-) double-negative (DN) T cells expanded in response to SARS-CoV-2 peptides. DN T cells co-cultured with autologous myeloid dendritic cells (DC) differentiated into CD8(+) T cells, depending upon the strength of the stimuli. RA subjects responded to mRNA-based vaccination for COVID-19 protection, with no correlation with the number of injections. DN T cells differentiated into CD8(+) T cells after stimulation, potentially exacerbating inflammation in RA vaccine recipients. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). European Journal of Immunology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Song, Jaeyoon AU - Song J AD - School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - da Silva Antunes, Ricardo AU - da Silva Antunes R AD - Center For Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Seyede, Mehrnaz Agili AU - Seyede MA AD - Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Guma, Monica AU - Guma M AD - Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center For Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Franco, Alessandra AU - Franco A AD - School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. LA - eng GR - Praespero, an Autoimmune Research Fund/ GR - Gordon and Marylin Macklin Foundation/ GR - 75N9301900065/NIH NIAID/ PT - Journal Article PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Aged MH - Adult MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC12716210 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) T cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in rheumatoid arthritis OT - T cell memory OT - regulatory T cells COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/12/19 15:03 MHDA- 2025/12/19 15:04 PMCR- 2025/12/19 CRDT- 2025/12/19 10:13 PHST- 2025/11/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/19 15:04 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/19 15:03 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/19 10:13 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EJI70105 [pii] AID - 10.1002/eji.70105 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2025 Dec;55(12):e70105. doi: 10.1002/eji.70105. PMID- 41390011 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260125 LR - 20260125 IS - 1878-3511 (Electronic) IS - 1201-9712 (Linking) VI - 163 DP - 2026 Feb TI - Alterations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response in children vary according to the nature of their immunosuppression. PG - 108301 LID - S1201-9712(25)00523-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.108301 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Effective adaptive immune responses are essential for immune protection against SARS-CoV-2. We investigated the impact of various forms of acquired or iatrogenic immunodeficiency on anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral and cellular immune responses among children. DESIGN: We analyzed anti-spike (S) immunoglobulin G levels, neutralizing activities, and the magnitude and polyfunctionality of anti-S T-cell responses in immunocompromised children compared with immunocompetent children, prospectively recruited between June and October 2021, before vaccination. RESULTS: We observed marked quantitative and functional alterations in anti-S humoral immune response in children with inflammatory bowel diseases treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha. In children living with HIV and children after kidney transplantation, the production of anti-S antibody was conserved but with a decrease of their neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 strains. Regarding anti-S cellular immune response, immunocompetent and immunocompromised children similarly harbored a low anti-S response, predominantly displaying a clusters of differentiations (CD)4(+) phenotype, with a preserved CD4(+) T-cell polyfunctionality. CONCLUSION: The intensity and the nature of the anti-viral immune alterations depend on the type and the degree of the immune impairment. Evaluating the specific host immune actors responsible for maintaining a protective response appears essential to adapt vaccine strategy in these patients, opening the door to new, more personalized vaccination approaches. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Nel, Isabelle AU - Nel I AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Immunology Department, Paris, France; University Paris Cite, INSERM U1141, Paris, France. FAU - Minier, Marine AU - Minier M AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Saint-Louis Hospital, Virology Department, Paris, France. FAU - Milojkovic, Anastasia AU - Milojkovic A AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Immunology Department, Paris, France. FAU - De Swardt, Hippolyte AU - De Swardt H AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Immunology Department, Paris, France. FAU - Santonja, Arnault AU - Santonja A AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Immunology Department, Paris, France. FAU - Blumenthal, Noemie AU - Blumenthal N AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Immunology Department, Paris, France. FAU - Duneton, Charlotte AU - Duneton C AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Pediatric Nephrology Department, Paris, France. FAU - Baudouin, Veronique AU - Baudouin V AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Pediatric Nephrology Department, Paris, France. FAU - Viala, Jerome AU - Viala J AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Paris, France. FAU - Martinez-Vinson, Christine AU - Martinez-Vinson C AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Paris, France. FAU - Dollfus, Catherine AU - Dollfus C AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Trousseau Hospital, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Paris, France. FAU - Frange, Pierre AU - Frange P AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Department of Clinical Microbiology & Department of Pediatric Immunology - Hematology, Paris, France. FAU - Faye, Albert AU - Faye A AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert Debre Hospital, General Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Paris, France. FAU - Ghoneimi, Alaa El AU - Ghoneimi AE AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Paris, France. FAU - Peycelon, Matthieu AU - Peycelon M AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Paris, France. FAU - De Roux, Nicolas AU - De Roux N AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert Debre Hospital, Biological Resources Platform, Paris, France. FAU - Bidet, Philippe AU - Bidet P AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert Debre Hospital, Microbiology Department, Paris, France. FAU - Delaugerre, Constance AU - Delaugerre C AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Saint-Louis Hospital, Virology Department, Paris, France. FAU - Guilmin-Crepon, Sophie AU - Guilmin-Crepon S AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Inserm CIC-EC 1426, Paris, France. FAU - Carcelain, Guislaine AU - Carcelain G AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debre Hospital, Immunology Department, Paris, France; University Paris Cite, INSERM U1141, Paris, France. Electronic address: guislaine.carcelain@aphp.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251211 PL - Canada TA - Int J Infect Dis JT - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases JID - 9610933 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *Immunocompromised Host/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Immunosuppression Therapy MH - HIV Infections/immunology MH - Infant OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immunocompromised children OT - Neutralizing antibodies OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Specific memory T cell responses COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2025/12/14 00:39 MHDA- 2026/01/26 00:33 CRDT- 2025/12/13 19:37 PHST- 2025/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/26 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/14 00:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/13 19:37 [entrez] AID - S1201-9712(25)00523-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.108301 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Feb;163:108301. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.108301. Epub 2025 Dec 11. PMID- 41367201 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251210 LR - 20260702 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Print) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 12 DP - 2025 Dec TI - IL-10- and IL-13-Biased T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Diabetes. PG - e70112 LID - 10.1002/eji.70112 [doi] LID - e70112 AB - Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with increased severity and mortality from respiratory virus infections. Vaccination in the general population significantly reduces the risk of severe respiratory viral infection and triggers a strong, polyfunctional, and lasting T cell response in healthy individuals. However, vaccine effectiveness in people with type 1 diabetes is unclear. Here, we studied the magnitude and functional characteristics of vaccine-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses to vaccination in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and compared them to those of people living without diabetes, using the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine as a model. We found defects in both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell memory maintenance and the functionality of the vaccine-specific T cells in people with diabetes compared with people without. In those individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who harbored detectable vaccine-specific T cells, they displayed an unfocused, tolerogenic phenotype characterized by increased expression of IL-10 and IL-13 compared with people without diabetes. These results have implications for vaccination strategies for people with diabetes. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). European Journal of Immunology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Jones, Emma M AU - Jones EM AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Sourij, Caren AU - Sourij C AD - Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria. FAU - Stradner, Martin AU - Stradner M AD - Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Austria. FAU - Schlenke, Peter AU - Schlenke P AD - Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria. FAU - Sereban, Nazanin AU - Sereban N AD - Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria. FAU - Moser, Othmar AU - Moser O AD - University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany. AD - Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Austria. FAU - Quinlan, Rachael AU - Quinlan R AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK. FAU - Short, Charlotte-Eve AU - Short CE AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK. FAU - Harris, Benjamin H L AU - Harris BHL AD - Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Fertleman, Michael AU - Fertleman M AD - Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Taylor, Graham P AU - Taylor GP AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK. FAU - Oliver, Nick AU - Oliver N AD - Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Sourij, Harald AU - Sourij H AD - Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Austria. FAU - Dominguez-Villar, Margarita AU - Dominguez-Villar M AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. LA - eng GR - DUK_/Diabetes UK/United Kingdom GR - Austrian Science Fund/ PT - Journal Article PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10) RN - 0 (Interleukin-13) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (IL10 protein, human) RN - 0 (IL13 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology MH - *Interleukin-10/immunology/metabolism MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *Interleukin-13/immunology/metabolism MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Adult MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Aged MH - Immunologic Memory PMC - PMC12690275 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - diabetes OT - memory OT - type 1 diabetes OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/12/10 06:28 MHDA- 2025/12/10 06:29 PMCR- 2025/12/10 CRDT- 2025/12/10 03:03 PHST- 2025/11/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/10 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/10 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/10 03:03 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EJI70112 [pii] AID - 10.1002/eji.70112 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2025 Dec;55(12):e70112. doi: 10.1002/eji.70112. PMID- 41359411 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251219 LR - 20251222 IS - 1758-1095 (Electronic) IS - 0141-0768 (Print) IS - 0141-0768 (Linking) VI - 118 IP - 12 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Patterns of long COVID symptoms among healthcare workers in the UK and variations by sociodemographic, clinical and occupational factors: a cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide study (UK-REACH). PG - 387-406 LID - 10.1177/01410768251389692 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine symptom patterns between healthcare workers (HCWs) with and without long COVID, identify the most common long COVID symptom groups and investigate how these symptom profiles vary across different ethnic groups, demographic characteristics, clinical factors and occupational roles in UK HCWS. DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the United Kingdom Research study into Ethnicity and COVID-19 outcomes in Healthcare workers (UK-REACH) cohort study. Data were collected electronically between October 2021 and October 2022. SETTING: United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged 16 years or older, residing in the UK, working as HCWs or ancillary workers in a healthcare setting and/or registered with one of seven major UK healthcare professional regulators. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Long COVID was defined as symptoms persisting for ⩾12 weeks following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our primary outcome was the presence or absence of particular groups of long COVID symptoms. We collapsed 28 symptoms into seven groups: cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, neurocognitive/neurologic, upper respiratory tract, psychological/social and systemic. RESULTS: Among 4033 HCWs with a history of COVID-19, those with long COVID (26.5%; 1067/4033) reported a higher prevalence of systemic, neurological and psychological symptoms compared with those without long COVID. Among those with long COVID, the most commonly reported symptom groups were neurocognitive/neurologic (63.4%), cardiopulmonary (40.0%) - highest among Asian HCWs at 45.6% - and systemic (54.6%), which particularly affected Black and Mixed ethnicities at 64.0% and 63.9%, respectively. In multivariable analyses, Asian HCWs had higher odds of experiencing cardiopulmonary symptoms (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.62, 95% CI 1.04-2.51, p = 0.032), while female HCWs were more likely to experience gastrointestinal (aOR: 3.78, 95% CI 1.14-12.45, p = 0.029) and neurocognitive symptoms (aOR: 1.58, 95% CI 1.10-2.28, p = 0.014). Compared with those in medical roles, musculoskeletal symptoms were more commonly reported by those in nursing (aOR: 2.50, 95% CI 1.32-4.72, p = 0.005), allied health professional (aOR: 1.82, 95% CI 1.01-3.30, p = 0.048) and dental roles (aOR: 3.07, 95% CI 1.31-7.17, p = 0.010). Vaccination with two or three doses was protective against several symptom groups, including cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal and neurocognitive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are the first to reveal distinct patterns in long COVID symptoms among HCWs with significant variations by ethnicity, sex and occupational role. These findings emphasise the need for targeted support strategies and workplace adjustments that consider both occupation-specific risks and individual sociodemographic factors. FAU - Al-Oraibi, Amani AU - Al-Oraibi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1502-2627 AD - Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. AD - Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. AD - Centre For Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. FAU - Martin, Christopher A AU - Martin CA AD - Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. AD - Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. AD - NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK. AD - Department of Infection and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK. FAU - Woolf, Katherine AU - Woolf K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4915-0715 AD - University College London Medical School, London, UK. FAU - Nellums, Laura B AU - Nellums LB AD - College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. FAU - Tarrant, Carolyn AU - Tarrant C AD - Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. FAU - Pareek, Manish AU - Pareek M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1521-9964 AD - Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. AD - Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. AD - NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK. AD - Department of Infection and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK. AD - NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands, Leicester, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251208 PL - England TA - J R Soc Med JT - Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine JID - 7802879 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data MH - *Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/epidemiology MH - Sociodemographic Factors MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology PMC - PMC12685703 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long COVID OT - cross-sectional OT - ethnicity OT - healthcare workers OT - risk factors OT - symptoms COIS- MP reports grants from Sanofi, grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences and personal fees from QIAGEN, outside the submitted work. This does not alter our adherence to the journal's policies on sharing data and materials. AAO, CAM, CT, KW and LBN declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this manuscript. EDAT- 2025/12/08 19:23 MHDA- 2025/12/19 15:02 PMCR- 2025/12/08 CRDT- 2025/12/08 12:23 PHST- 2025/12/19 15:02 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/08 19:23 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/08 12:23 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_01410768251389692 [pii] AID - 10.1177/01410768251389692 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J R Soc Med. 2025 Dec;118(12):387-406. doi: 10.1177/01410768251389692. Epub 2025 Dec 8. PMID- 41349247 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251219 LR - 20251219 IS - 1950-6007 (Electronic) IS - 0753-3322 (Linking) VI - 193 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Metabolic modulation as a therapeutic strategy for post-acute vaccination syndrome (PACVS): A review of pathomechanisms and existing therapeutic components. PG - 118864 LID - S0753-3322(25)01058-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118864 [doi] AB - Post-Acute Vaccination Syndrome (PACVS) is a post-vaccination disorder marked by persistent fatigue, cognitive impairment, and exercise intolerance. Current research identifies interconnected pathophysiological processes, including persisting spike protein, mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased tissue oxygenation, and impaired metabolism. Emerging treatments rely on metabolic regulation and therapeutic agents promoting mitochondrial and vascular function. These therapies stimulate cellular energy generation, reduce oxidative stress, and regulate inflammatory pathways. This review examines metabolic and mitochondrial mechanisms underlying PACVS, evaluates existing therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways, and synthesizes current evidence for future research and clinical management. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved. FAU - Halma, Matthew AU - Halma M AD - Open Source Medicine Foundation, Harju maakond, Kesklinna linnaosa, Parnu mnt 139c, Tallinn 11317, Estonia; Independent Medical Alliance, 2001 L St. NW Suite 500, Washington DC 20036, USA. Electronic address: mhalma@imahealth.org. FAU - Varon, Joseph AU - Varon J AD - Independent Medical Alliance, 2001 L St. NW Suite 500, Washington DC 20036, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20251204 PL - France TA - Biomed Pharmacother JT - Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie JID - 8213295 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Oxidative Stress/drug effects MH - Mitochondria/metabolism/drug effects MH - Animals MH - *Energy Metabolism/drug effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long COVID OT - Metabolic modulation OT - Post-Acute COVID Syndrome OT - Post-Acute COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome OT - Post-viral fatigue COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/12/06 00:32 MHDA- 2025/12/19 06:30 CRDT- 2025/12/05 18:04 PHST- 2025/10/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/19 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/06 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/05 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0753-3322(25)01058-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118864 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Dec;193:118864. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118864. Epub 2025 Dec 4. PMID- 41347654 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251205 LR - 20260616 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 97 IP - 12 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Preconception COVID-19 Vaccination Reprograms Fetal Metabolism to Accelerate Intrauterine Recovery and Suppress Persistent Metabolic Memory. PG - e70740 LID - 10.1002/jmv.70740 [doi] AB - This study aimed to investigate the impact of preconception maternal inactivated COVID-19 vaccination on fetal metabolic recovery following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Umbilical cord blood samples were collected from neonates born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Mothers were stratified into two groups: those fully vaccinated (inactivated COVID-19 vaccines) before conception (n = 81) and unvaccinated (n = 56). Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was employed for metabolomic profiling. The vaccinated group exhibited markedly reduced amino acid/purine metabolism dysregulation and oxidative stress compared to unvaccinated counterparts. Crucially, within the critical IRT window of 5-6 months, vaccination effectively suppressed mTOR signaling-driven pathological metabolic remodeling. In contrast, the unvaccinated group demonstrated sustained metabolic disturbances (> 6 months from infection). In conclusion, preconception maternal inactivated COVID-19 vaccination reprograms fetal metabolism and accelerates intrauterine recovery from maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, which may confer a beneficial impact on early-life growth. It prevents the establishment of a detrimental "metabolic memory" effect posing potential developmental risks. These findings reveal a novel non-immune, metabolome-mediated protective mechanism of maternal vaccination, which thus supports COVID-19 vaccination for women of childbearing age. CI - (c) 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Huang, Roujie AU - Huang R AD - National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Xu, Jiyu AU - Xu J AD - State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Zimo AU - Liu Z AD - National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Sun, Tianshu AU - Sun T AD - Clinical Biobank, Medical Research Center, National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. AD - The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Xudong AU - Liu X AD - The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Laboratory Animal Research Facility, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Guo, Jianbin AU - Guo J AD - Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Research and Birth Defect Prevention, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhibo AU - Zhang Z AD - National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Hua AU - Yang H AD - National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Song, Yingna AU - Song Y AD - National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Jiangfeng AU - Liu J AD - State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Juntao AU - Yang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1180-391X AD - State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhu, Lan AU - Zhu L AD - National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. AD - The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China. LA - eng GR - This study was supported by grants from the National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project (U114000), the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFC2507102), the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences, China (CIFMS2021-I2M-1-044), the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022-PUMCH-C-060), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L232074), and the Special Foundation for Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province (tsqnz20240855)./ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM EIN - J Med Virol. 2026 Jun;98(6):e71017. doi: 10.1002/jmv.71017. PMID: 42299732 MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology/metabolism MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Adult MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/prevention & control/immunology/virology/metabolism MH - Fetal Blood/metabolism MH - *Fetus/metabolism MH - Vaccination MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Metabolomics MH - Oxidative Stress MH - Metabolome OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cord blood OT - maternal vaccination OT - metabolomics OT - vaccine EDAT- 2025/12/05 13:08 MHDA- 2025/12/05 13:09 CRDT- 2025/12/05 07:03 PHST- 2025/10/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/05 13:09 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/05 13:08 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/05 07:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jmv.70740 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2025 Dec;97(12):e70740. doi: 10.1002/jmv.70740. PMID- 41319437 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251211 LR - 20251211 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 70 DP - 2026 Jan 5 TI - Examining the independent and interactive roles of intolerance of uncertainty in vaccination intent. PG - 128008 LID - S0264-410X(25)01306-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.128008 [doi] AB - Vaccine hesitancy remains common and sociopolitical anti-vaccine movements continue to gain ground in the United States and beyond. To inform more effective public health campaigns and increase vaccination intent, research is needed on how cognitive and emotional variables interact to influence vaccination intent. Intolerance of uncertainty (IU), defined as experiencing distress or discomfort in response to uncertain situations, is known to influence both approach and avoidance behaviors. IU may interact with other decision-making factors that impact vaccination intent, including people's actual knowledge about disease, perception of disease risk, and worry about vaccine safety. We recruited a community sample of Florida residents (N = 2152) for a longitudinal study spanning the first eight months of the COVID-19 pandemic and tested how COVID-specific IU (i.e., IU pertaining specifically to the disease) independently and interactively influenced vaccination intent. We found that higher COVID-IU early in the pandemic (May/June 2020) significantly predicted greater vaccination intent measured months later (December 2020/January 2021), even after controlling for relevant demographic variables, depression and anxiety symptoms, subjective risk, perceived vaccine safety, and disease knowledge. There was also a significant interaction between IU and knowledge, such that the effect of COVID-IU on vaccination intent was stronger for those with less disease knowledge. These findings suggest that disease specific IU can shape vaccination intent, independently and in interaction with disease knowledge. Our findings suggest that public health messaging seeking to increase vaccine uptake could benefit from emphasizing the distressing nature of the uncertainty inherent in contracting major diseases. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Dev, Amelia S AU - Dev AS AD - Department of Psychology, University of Miami, United States. Electronic address: ameliadev@miami.edu. FAU - Broos, Hannah C AU - Broos HC AD - Department of Psychology, University of Miami, United States. FAU - Llabre, Maria M AU - Llabre MM AD - Department of Psychology, University of Miami, United States. FAU - Saab, Patrice G AU - Saab PG AD - Department of Psychology, University of Miami, United States. FAU - Timpano, Kiara R AU - Timpano KR AD - Department of Psychology, University of Miami, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251129 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Uncertainty MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Vaccination/psychology MH - *Vaccination Hesitancy/psychology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Florida/epidemiology MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - Intention MH - Decision Making MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognition OT - Disease knowledge OT - Intolerance of uncertainty OT - Vaccine hesitancy OT - Vaccine intent COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/12/01 00:29 MHDA- 2025/12/12 01:38 CRDT- 2025/11/30 18:03 PHST- 2025/08/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/12 01:38 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/01 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/30 18:03 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(25)01306-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.128008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2026 Jan 5;70:128008. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.128008. Epub 2025 Nov 29. PMID- 41316388 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251129 LR - 20260725 IS - 1479-5876 (Electronic) IS - 1479-5876 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Nov 28 TI - Booster dose reshapes SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific B cell immunity in people living with HIV. PG - 1364 LID - 10.1186/s12967-025-07414-1 [doi] LID - 1364 AB - BACKGROUND: Long-term persistence of spike-specific memory B cells (MBC) upon mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination remains poorly explored in people living with HIV (PLWH). We previously observed that the primary two-dose immunization elicited a B cell response quantitatively similar but phenotypically different compared to healthy participants (HC), with higher prevalence of CD27(-)IgD(-) double-negative cells and lower proportion of CD27(+) Ig-switched MBC. METHODS: The PatoVac_COV longitudinal prospective single-centre study included 74 PLWH vaccinated with mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Building upon our previous findings, blood samples were collected before and after the third and fourth doses, and two years after the first dose. PBMC were analysed for the RBD-specific MBC response by multidimensional flow cytometry, while spike-specific IgG were tested in plasma samples by ELISA and by surrogate virus neutralization assay. A supervised decision tree model was used to identify clinical and demographic predictors of RBD-specific MBC persistence. RESULTS: The third vaccine dose robustly recalled RBD-specific MBC, driving their differentiation into Ig-switched resting MBC, a subset undetectable before boosting and dominant also in HC. The fourth vaccine dose minimally impacted on the MBC response. IgG(+) resting MBC, recognizing both wild type and Omicron BA.2 strains, were still present two years after vaccination. Clinical and demographic factors associated to the persistence of IgG(+) resting RBD-specific MBC were time since initiation of current ART, BMI, CD8(+) cells count, granulocytes count and blood creatinine levels. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the impact of boosting, particularly the third dose, in enhancing and shaping the RBD-specific MBC in PLWH. Clinical and demographic variables associated with long-term MBC persistence may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting durable vaccine responses in PLWH. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Polvere, Jacopo AU - Polvere J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8345-0546 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Lucchesi, Simone AU - Lucchesi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3545-7433 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Montesi, Giorgio AU - Montesi G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9054-2756 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fiorino, Fabio AU - Fiorino F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1440-8061 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University "Giuseppe Degennaro", Bari, Italy. FAU - Pastore, Gabiria AU - Pastore G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3219-6170 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fabbiani, Massimiliano AU - Fabbiani M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1343-812X AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Tumbarello, Mario AU - Tumbarello M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9519-8552 AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Montagnani, Francesca AU - Montagnani F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2267-1337 AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. francesca.montagnani@unisi.it. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. francesca.montagnani@unisi.it. FAU - Medaglini, Donata AU - Medaglini D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1729-7325 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Mycobacteriology and Cell Response to Infection Programme, Department of Cell Therapies, Hematology and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Ciabattini, Annalisa AU - Ciabattini A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4585-7783 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. annalisa.ciabattini@unisi.it. LA - eng GR - ECS00000017-THE/Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20251128 PL - England TA - J Transl Med JT - Journal of translational medicine JID - 101190741 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *HIV Infections/immunology/virology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Prospective Studies MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology/blood PMC - PMC12661889 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - DN OT - HIV OT - Memory B cells OT - Omicron-adapted vaccines OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - mRNA vaccine COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the local Ethical Committee for Clinical experimentation (Comitato Etico Regione Toscana - Area Vasta Sud Est, CEAVSE) and written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Consent for publication: All authors have read and agreed to the submitted version of the manuscript. Competing interests: All the authors declare no conflict of interest regarding this study. EDAT- 2025/11/29 06:29 MHDA- 2025/11/29 06:30 PMCR- 2025/11/28 CRDT- 2025/11/29 00:57 PHST- 2025/08/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/29 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/29 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/29 00:57 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12967-025-07414-1 [pii] AID - 7414 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12967-025-07414-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Transl Med. 2025 Nov 28;23(1):1364. doi: 10.1186/s12967-025-07414-1. PMID- 41306864 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251127 LR - 20251129 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2025 TI - A systematic review on the psychological factors behind vaccine hesitancy in the COVID-19 era. PG - 1711428 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1711428 [doi] LID - 1711428 AB - BACKGROUND: Vaccine hesitancy may represent a global threat because of its inherent consequences for health, social and economic systems. Understanding the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy is fundamental to developing effective healthcare policies. While previous studies have mainly focused on sociological and cultural variables and transient illness-specific fears and beliefs, the present systematic review focuses on the psychological factors (such as emotional dispositions, cognitive functioning and expectations, and stable personality traits) associated with vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 era. METHODS: A systematic review using a systematic search of PubMed, PsychINFO and Web of Science databases was performed with a time frame ranging between 1 January 2020 to 31 January 2025 focusing on psychological factors and vaccine hesitancy. Studies targeting the general population and employing validated instruments to assess emotional, cognitive and personality factors and vaccine hesitancy were selected, while investigations on context-specific, psycho-social, cultural and political factors were excluded. Quality and risk of bias in the selected studies was assessed using an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and main studies' characteristics, variables and outcomes were synthesised using a narrative approach and table. RESULTS: Fourteen studies were finally included in the qualitative synthesis. The results showed that some variables such as depressive and anxiety levels, as well as emotion regulation strategies may affect vaccination behaviour, although some cultural and generational differences were also observed. Differences in cognitive flexibility, decision-making, and personal expectations may influence vaccine hesitancy. Notably, some personality factors, like extraversion, openness, conscientiousness and dark personality traits, may influence hesitancy to vaccinate. CONCLUSION: This review highlights emotional, cognitive, and personality factors associated with vaccine hesitancy, providing evidence for personalised, evidence-based interventions aimed at promoting adherence to national vaccination policies. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Panico, De Biase, Catalano, Zappullo, D'Olimpio, Trojano and Sagliano. FAU - Panico, Francesco AU - Panico F AD - Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy. FAU - De Biase, Rosalia AU - De Biase R AD - Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy. FAU - Catalano, Laura AU - Catalano L AD - Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy. FAU - Zappullo, Isa AU - Zappullo I AD - Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy. FAU - D'Olimpio, Francesca AU - D'Olimpio F AD - Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy. FAU - Trojano, Luigi AU - Trojano L AD - Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy. FAU - Sagliano, Laura AU - Sagliano L AD - Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20251111 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology MH - *Vaccination Hesitancy/psychology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Vaccination/psychology MH - Personality PMC - PMC12644076 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cognition OT - emotion OT - health OT - intervention OT - personality OT - vaccine hesitancy COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2025/11/27 06:28 MHDA- 2025/11/27 12:28 PMCR- 2025/11/11 CRDT- 2025/11/27 04:34 PHST- 2025/09/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/27 12:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/27 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/27 04:34 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1711428 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2025 Nov 11;13:1711428. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1711428. eCollection 2025. PMID- 41266153 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20251120 IS - 0929-6646 (Print) IS - 0929-6646 (Linking) DP - 2025 Nov 19 TI - Neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 in pediatric populations: The higher prevalence and related factors in adolescents. LID - S0929-6646(25)00624-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.017 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Pediatric individuals might exhibit enduring neuropsychiatric symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, there was a significant gap in comparative analyses between children and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictive factors of post-COVID-19 neuropsychiatric symptoms in both children and adolescents. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 180 individuals aged 18 years and younger, categorized into child (aged between 6 and 9 years) and adolescent groups (aged between 12 and 18 years). Questionnaire-based surveys collected sociodemographic and clinical data, including neuropsychiatric and non-neuropsychiatric symptoms upon COVID-19 diagnosis. RESULTS: Our findings indicated a higher prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in adolescents, with distinct predictive factors identified for each group. In children, behavioral changes (Exp[B] = 4.00, 95 % CI: 1.85-8.69), dysphagia (Exp[B] = 3.27, 95 % CI: 1.21-8.88), and chest tightness (Exp[B] = 2.14, 95 % CI: 1.10-4.15) were associated with more post-COVID-19 neuropsychiatric symptoms. In contrast, imbalance (Exp[B] = 2.28, 95 % CI: 1.51-3.46), dizziness (Exp[B] = 2.27, 95 % CI: 1.44-3.58), and diarrhea (Exp[B] = 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.29-2.70) were linked to a greater symptom burden in adolescents. Additionally, vaccinated adolescents were less likely to report brain fog (15.2 % vs. 53.8 %, p = 0.002), memory deficit (17.9 % vs. 46.2 %, p = 0.028), and dysgeusia/dysosmia (7.5 % vs. 30.8 %, p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS: This study underscored the differential manifestations of neuropsychiatric symptoms and predictive factors between children and adolescents, emphasizing the need for particular attention to adolescents. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Formosan Medical Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Ni, Shih-Ying AU - Ni SY AD - Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Chang, Luan-Yin AU - Chang LY AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Gau, Susan Shur-Fen AU - Gau SS AD - Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Shang, Chi-Yung AU - Shang CY AD - Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: cyshang@ntu.edu.tw. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251119 PL - Singapore TA - J Formos Med Assoc JT - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi JID - 9214933 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent psychiatry OT - COVID-19 OT - Child psychiatry OT - Neuropsychiatry OT - Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome COIS- Competing of interests The authors have declared that they have no competing or potential conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/11/21 00:27 MHDA- 2025/11/21 00:27 CRDT- 2025/11/20 21:51 PHST- 2025/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/21 00:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/21 00:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/20 21:51 [entrez] AID - S0929-6646(25)00624-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.017 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - J Formos Med Assoc. 2025 Nov 19:S0929-6646(25)00624-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.017. PMID- 41258118 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260213 LR - 20260216 IS - 1433-8491 (Electronic) IS - 0940-1334 (Print) IS - 0940-1334 (Linking) VI - 276 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Feb TI - Cognitive impairment, depression, and fatigue in post-COVID and post-vaccination syndrome: a large-scale cross-sectional study. PG - 221-234 LID - 10.1007/s00406-025-02144-3 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Persistent cognitive difficulties are among the most prevalent symptoms observed after COVID-19. This study examined the neuropsychological characteristics, mental health and risk factors associated with cognitive impairment in patients with Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). In addition, differences regarding the cognitive dysfunctions between individuals with PASC and Post-Vaccination Syndrome (PVS) were explored. METHODS: Participants were consecutively recruited at the Post-COVID Center of the University Hospital Erlangen in Germany (12/2022-02/2025). Assessments included a broad neuropsychological assessment: d2 Test of Attention, digit span backwards from the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) and module 1 (formal lexical fluency) of the Regensburger Verbal Fluency Test (RWT), along with assessments of depression, fatigue, and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein). RESULTS: The sample (N = 793, mean age: 46.1 +/- 12.4 years; 66.8% women) included n = 723 PASC patients and n = 70 PVS patients. In the total sample, deficits were most frequent in working speed (61.7%), attention (54.7%) and verbal fluency (48.8%); 30.3% showed multidomain impairment. Clinically significant depressive symptoms (64.5%) and fatigue (92.4%) were common. Cognitive patterns, depressive symptoms and fatigue in the PVS group closely resembled those observed in PASC. In PASC, lower education, older age, depressive symptoms, and elevated CRP were associated with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION: Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent in PASC and PVS and appears to be influenced by both psychological and biological factors. Similar patterns identified in PVS suggest possible shared mechanisms. Further research is needed to clarify trajectories and optimize treatment strategies. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Hanc, Evelyne AU - Hanc E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-6008-9573 AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. evelyne.hanc@uk-erlangen.de. FAU - Koller, Katharina AU - Koller K AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. FAU - Herold, Regina AU - Herold R AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. FAU - Erim, Yesim AU - Erim Y AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. AD - Post-COVID Center of the University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany. FAU - Morawa, Eva AU - Morawa E AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251119 PL - Germany TA - Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci JT - European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience JID - 9103030 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Fatigue/epidemiology/etiology/physiopathology MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology/etiology/physiopathology MH - *Depression/epidemiology/etiology MH - Germany/epidemiology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Vaccination/adverse effects PMC - PMC12904920 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive impairments OT - Depression OT - Fatigue OT - Neuropsychological assessment OT - Post-COVID syndrome OT - Post-Vaccination syndrome COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Avaliability of data and materials: The datasets analyzed during the current study contain sensitive patient information and are therefore not publicly avaliable due to ethical and legal restrictions. Aggregate statistical results relevant to the study are provided within the article. EDAT- 2025/11/19 12:28 MHDA- 2026/02/13 12:50 PMCR- 2025/11/19 CRDT- 2025/11/19 09:12 PHST- 2025/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/13 12:50 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/19 12:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/19 09:12 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00406-025-02144-3 [pii] AID - 2144 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00406-025-02144-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2026 Feb;276(1):221-234. doi: 10.1007/s00406-025-02144-3. Epub 2025 Nov 19. PMID- 41254536 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251119 LR - 20251123 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Nov 18 TI - Risk factors for severe disease in children hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection in China: a retrospective cohort study. PG - 1611 LID - 10.1186/s12879-025-12024-9 [doi] LID - 1611 AB - BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has spread rapidly worldwide since its emergence in 2019. While infections in children are generally mild, severe disease can occur in some rare cases. Herein, we aim to identify risk factors for severe disease in children hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the post-Omicron period. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was based on a review of the records of children aged under 15 years hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection at a university hospital in Xi'an, China between December 8, 2022, and January 17, 2023. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with severe disease. RESULTS: Of 164 children included in the analysis, 33 had severe disease and 131 had non-severe disease. Disease severity did not differ significantly according to sex or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status. The prevalence of comorbidities was significantly higher in children with severe disease than in those with non-severe disease (30% [10/33] vs. 10.7% [14/131], p = 0.04). The prevalence of neurological manifestations and multisystem disease were also significantly higher in children with severe disease than in those with non-severe disease (91% [30/33] vs. 27.5% [36/131], p = 0.001; and 64% [21/33] vs. 43.5% [57/131], p = 0.039, respectively). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified younger age (odds ratio [OR]: 0.702, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.551-0.893; p = 0.004), the presence of comorbidities (OR: 9.042, 95% CI: 2.505X-32.645; p = 0.001), and neurological signs (OR: 217.21, 95% CI: 34.988-1348.469; p < 0.001) as independent risk factors for severe disease. CONCLUSION: This single-center retrospective cohort study reveals that younger children with comorbidities and neurological manifestations are at higher risk of developing severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings should be interpreted considering limitations including short study timeframe, homogeneous vaccine types, and lack of variant-specific analyses. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Wang, Yan AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P.R. China. FAU - Song, Ye AU - Song Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P.R. China. AD - International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20030, China. FAU - Zhu, Binhui AU - Zhu B AD - Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P.R. China. FAU - Feng, You AU - Feng Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P.R. China. FAU - Lou, Dandan AU - Lou D AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, P.R. China. DanielleLOU@xjtu.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Yueping AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P.R. China. ypzhang@fmmu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 2023-YBSF-640/Shaanxi Provincial Key R&D Programs/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251118 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/pathology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - China/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Risk Factors MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Infant MH - Comorbidity MH - Logistic Models PMC - PMC12624980 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Comorbidities OT - Neurological signs OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: This study was conducted in accordance with principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (Number:KY20252368-C-1). The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective study design. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/11/19 06:32 MHDA- 2025/11/19 06:33 PMCR- 2025/11/18 CRDT- 2025/11/19 00:04 PHST- 2024/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/19 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/19 06:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/19 00:04 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-12024-9 [pii] AID - 12024 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-12024-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Nov 18;25(1):1611. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-12024-9. PMID- 41251472 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251223 LR - 20260127 IS - 2379-5042 (Electronic) IS - 2379-5042 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 12 DP - 2025 Dec 23 TI - T and B cell responses following primary COVID-19 vaccination with CoronaVac and two heterologous BNT162b2 booster doses. PG - e0072225 LID - 10.1128/msphere.00722-25 [doi] LID - e00722-25 AB - The present study investigated T and B cell responses following a second heterologous booster dose of BNT162b2 administered after a two-dose CoronaVac regimen for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in 15 healthcare workers. Blood samples were collected 4 weeks after the first booster and at both 4 and 24 weeks after the second BNT162b2 booster. Interferon-gamma-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were detectable 4 weeks after the first booster, whereas only CD4+ T cells remained detectable at both 4 and 24 weeks after the second booster. Seven of the 15 participants (46.7%) were diagnosed with COVID-19 approximately 16 weeks after receiving the second booster. These individuals exhibited significantly higher frequencies of CD4+ T cells at 24 weeks post-booster than at 4 weeks post-booster. In contrast, the non-COVID-19 group exhibited significantly higher CD4+ T cell responses 4 weeks after the second booster. Memory B cells were detected at low frequencies at all three time points. IgG antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein were detectable at all three time points, with a significant decline observed 24 weeks after the second booster. Overall, CD4+ T and B cell responses induced by a heterologous second booster dose of BNT162b2 following a primary two-dose CoronaVac regimen were rapidly elicited and sustained for at least 6 months.IMPORTANCEThere is limited evidence regarding T and B cell responses following a primary COVID-19 vaccination series with CoronaVac and two heterologous BNT162b2 booster doses. This study investigated the longitudinal T and B cell responses induced by a second heterologous BNT162b2 booster following a primary two-dose CoronaVac COVID-19 vaccination regimen. These results demonstrate that CD4+ T cells induced by the second heterologous BNT162b2 booster play a key role in protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and progression to severe disease. This study suggests the need for the future consideration of repeated emergency vaccine-boosting strategies in response to emerging viral infections. FAU - Wangteeraprasert, Apirath AU - Wangteeraprasert A AD - Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand. RINGGOLD: 59212. ROR: https://ror.org/03e2qe334 FAU - Pongcharoen, Sutatip AU - Pongcharoen S AD - Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand. RINGGOLD: 59212. ROR: https://ror.org/03e2qe334 FAU - Ngoenkam, Jatuporn AU - Ngoenkam J AD - Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand. RINGGOLD: 59212. ROR: https://ror.org/03e2qe334 FAU - Makanut, Supawadee AU - Makanut S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2708-5863 AD - Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand. RINGGOLD: 59212. ROR: https://ror.org/03e2qe334 LA - eng GR - L60 MD002565/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - MD2565C004/Naresuan University/ GR - R2565B001, R2566B001/Thailand Science Research and Innovation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251118 PL - United States TA - mSphere JT - mSphere JID - 101674533 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) RN - 0 (sinovac COVID-19 vaccine) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Health Personnel MH - Interferon-gamma MH - Vaccines, Inactivated PMC - PMC12724281 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4+ T cell OT - CD8+ T cell OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - memory B cell OT - memory T cell COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/11/18 12:28 MHDA- 2025/12/23 12:47 PMCR- 2025/11/18 CRDT- 2025/11/18 09:04 PHST- 2025/12/23 12:47 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/18 12:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/18 09:04 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - msphere00722-25 [pii] AID - msphere.00722-25 [pii] AID - 10.1128/msphere.00722-25 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - mSphere. 2025 Dec 23;10(12):e0072225. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00722-25. Epub 2025 Nov 18. PMID- 41249009 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260224 LR - 20260224 IS - 1743-9159 (Electronic) IS - 1743-9159 (Linking) VI - 112 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Feb 1 TI - Postoperative delirium and delayed neurocognitive recovery in older adults with prior coronavirus disease: a prospective cohort study. PG - 3433-3442 LID - 10.1097/JS9.0000000000003975 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), accumulating evidence has indicated alterations in cognitive function after infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the causative agent of COVID-19). However, the specific effect of a prior COVID-19 history on postoperative neurocognitive outcomes remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to establish the correlation between COVID-19 history and the onset of postoperative delirium (POD) and delayed neurocognitive recovery (DNR) among older adults. METHODS: This study recruited a total of 578 older adults (aged >/=60 years) who were scheduled for major abdominal surgeries. The primary outcome was POD incidence. Secondary outcomes included the frequency and subtype of POD; DNR occurrence; acute postsurgical pain (APSP); and other prognosis-related indicators. RESULTS: Among the 448 patients included, patients with prior COVID-19 exhibited an increased risk of developing POD [odds ratio (OR): 3.09; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19-7.98; P = 0.02]. The risk of DNR 30 days after surgery was not significantly associated with COVID-19 (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.23-1.26; P = 0.15). Both APSP (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.06-2.16; P = 0.02) and COVID-19 vaccination (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.26-0.86; P = 0.01) were identified as independent influencing factors for POD. E-value analysis supported the robustness of the primary finding. Mediation analysis further revealed that APSP had a significant indirect effect (0.12; 95% CI: 0.02-0.27) in the relationship between COVID-19 and POD. CONCLUSION: Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was independently associated with an increased risk of POD, which was potentially mediated by APSP. In contrast, no significant association was observed between prior COVID-19 and DNR incidence. In addition, full COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced the risk of POD, suggesting that perioperative COVID-19 vaccine promotion is a potential public health strategy for improving the prognosis of the elderly. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Cui, Kaile AU - Cui K AD - Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Yao, Xingen AU - Yao X AD - Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Tong, Yuzhou AU - Tong Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Li, Yuan AU - Li Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Liang, Xin AU - Liang X AD - Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Zhang, Shaoqiong AU - Zhang S AD - Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China. FAU - Fang, Bo AU - Fang B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4812-6919 AD - Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251111 PL - United States TA - Int J Surg JT - International journal of surgery (London, England) JID - 101228232 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Aged MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Delirium/epidemiology/etiology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Postoperative Complications/epidemiology MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Incidence MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - delayed neurocognitive recovery OT - elderly patients OT - postoperative cognitive complications OT - postoperative delirium OT - surgery EDAT- 2025/11/18 00:27 MHDA- 2026/02/24 06:33 CRDT- 2025/11/17 21:13 PHST- 2025/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/24 06:33 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/18 00:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/17 21:13 [entrez] AID - 01279778-990000000-03693 [pii] AID - 10.1097/JS9.0000000000003975 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Surg. 2026 Feb 1;112(2):3433-3442. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000003975. Epub 2025 Nov 11. PMID- 41204293 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251108 LR - 20251112 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Nov 7 TI - Health service use and work related outcomes in older adults with functional and cognitive impairments during the COVID-19 pandemic. PG - 3846 LID - 10.1186/s12889-025-25129-2 [doi] LID - 3846 AB - BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic had a lasting global health impact, with many survivors facing Long Covid. Older adults, already vulnerable to disability and cognitive decline, may also experience long-term challenges after COVID-19 infection. This study explores whether a history of COVID-19 infection interacts with pre-existing impairments in older adults, focusing on its effects on health services and work-related outcomes. METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study used data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), spanning 2018 to 2022. Participants >/= 50 years old in 2018 with documented functional and cognitive status scores and self-reported presence or absence of COVID-19 infection were included. Functional status was assessed using the Functional Limitation score, and cognitive status using the Crimmins cognitive scale or Langa scale if the HRS respondents were represented by a proxy. Health services use and work outcomes were evaluated using the 2022 HRS survey. Multivariable logistic regression models examined the association between baseline functional and cognitive status and outcomes, controlling for COVID-19 history, 2018 functional or cognitive status, age, gender, marital status, number of chronic conditions, household size, graduation from high school, and self-report of COVID-19 vaccination. RESULTS: The study included 8,621 respondents. Those with severe functional limitations in 2018 were more likely to report health services use in 2022, irrespective of COVID-19 history. COVID-19 history did not significantly interact with baseline functional or cognitive impairments when evaluating health services use, ability to work, or disability benefit access. While older adults with moderate or severe functional limitations were more likely to report hospitalizations and nursing home stays, these outcomes were not significantly different based on COVID-19 history. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of older adults, the relationship between baseline functional and cognitive impairment with health services use, ability to work, or disability benefit access did not significantly vary by self-reported COVID-19 infection history. While COVID-19 may have long-term impacts on older populations, our data suggest that infection history alone did not amplify the effects of pre-existing impairments in those who survived the pandemic. Further research using validated measures of persistent symptoms is needed to understand how Long Covid may manifest in older adults. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Prasad, Priya A AU - Prasad PA AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, 521 Parnassus Ave, Box 0131, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Priya.Prasad@ucsf.edu. FAU - Hubbard, Colin C AU - Hubbard CC AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, 521 Parnassus Ave, Box 0131, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. FAU - Cenzer, Irena AU - Cenzer I AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Boscardin, John AU - Boscardin J AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Weerahandi, Himali AU - Weerahandi H AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, 521 Parnassus Ave, Box 0131, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. LA - eng GR - Project ID140673V/California Department of Public Health CPR3 program/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251107 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Aged MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Functional Status MH - *Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC12598834 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive limitations OT - Functional limitations OT - Health and retirement study OT - Health services use OT - Long Covid OT - Older adults COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study which included the use of de-identified data was deemed not human subjects research by the UCSF Institutional Review Board. UCSF ascribes unequivocally to the principles of The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects in Research by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/11/08 00:28 MHDA- 2025/11/08 06:28 PMCR- 2025/11/07 CRDT- 2025/11/07 23:56 PHST- 2025/06/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/08 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/08 00:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/07 23:56 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-25129-2 [pii] AID - 25129 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-25129-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2025 Nov 7;25(1):3846. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-25129-2. PMID- 41180683 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251230 LR - 20260917 IS - 2049-0801 (Print) IS - 2049-0801 (Electronic) IS - 2049-0801 (Linking) VI - 87 IP - 11 DP - 2025 Nov TI - Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and its vaccines: an updated comprehensive review with an insight into pathophysiology. PG - 7390-7399 LID - 10.1097/MS9.0000000000003931 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has had a significant global impact on the respiratory system and multiple organ systems, including the nervous system. Neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19 infection and its vaccines have been increasingly recognized, ranging from problems with smell and taste to more severe conditions such as encephalitis, stroke, and Guillain-Barre syndrome. This narrative review critically evaluates the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 infection and its vaccines, providing insights into potential pathophysiological mechanisms. A comprehensive literature search was conducted, and data were retrieved from various databases. The prevalence, types, and severity of neurological symptoms in COVID-19 patients were discussed. The possible mechanisms of neurological injury in COVID-19 were explored, including direct viral invasion, hypoxic brain injury, immune-mediated damage, and cerebrovascular injury. Furthermore, the review addressed the neurological complications associated with COVID-19 vaccination. While severe vaccine-related adverse effects remain rare, understanding their occurrence is essential for risk assessment and public health interventions. In conclusion, COVID-19 can affect the nervous system in various ways, leading to various neurological symptoms. Further research is necessary to enhance our understanding of these manifestations and develop effective preventive and treatment strategies to manage this global health crisis. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed, Khabab AU - Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4608-5321 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Kalool Fadlalla Ahmad, Tagwa AU - Kalool Fadlalla Ahmad T AD - Faculty of Medicine, Ahfad University for Women, Omdurman, Sudan. FAU - Ismail Abdu Ismail, Mohamed AU - Ismail Abdu Ismail M AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Elgadi, Ammar T AU - Elgadi AT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1730-9023 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Hassan Salih Elhaj, Esraa AU - Hassan Salih Elhaj E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9363-9230 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Mustafa Ahmed, Ghassan E AU - Mustafa Ahmed GE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0258-6282 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Khan, Faheemullah AU - Khan F AD - Cardiovascular Imaging Fellow, Diagnostic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Main Campus, Ohio, USA. FAU - Mohammed, Mohammed Babiker Habbiballah AU - Mohammed MBH AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Manhal, Gaffar Alemam A AU - Manhal GAA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7939-0117 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Daffalla Mussaad Mohammed, Ahmed AU - Daffalla Mussaad Mohammed A AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Ali, Mustafa Mohamed Ibrahim AU - Ali MMI AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-3870-2791 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Abdullah Mohammed, Mohammed Elmustafa Adil AU - Abdullah Mohammed MEA AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. FAU - Meshref, Mostafa AU - Meshref M AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Hussien, Abbasher AU - Hussien A AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250918 PL - England TA - Ann Med Surg (Lond) JT - Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) JID - 101616869 PMC - PMC12577873 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 pathophysiology OT - SARS-coV-2 OT - neurological manifestations OT - vaccination COIS- Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2025/11/03 13:42 MHDA- 2025/11/03 13:43 PMCR- 2025/09/18 CRDT- 2025/11/03 07:12 PHST- 2024/12/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/03 13:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/03 13:43 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/03 07:12 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AMSU-D-24-02716 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MS9.0000000000003931 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2025 Sep 18;87(11):7390-7399. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000003931. eCollection 2025 Nov. PMID- 41179613 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251103 LR - 20260925 IS - 2050-0904 (Print) IS - 2050-0904 (Electronic) IS - 2050-0904 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 11 DP - 2025 Nov TI - Parsonage-Turner Syndrome and Vocal Fold Paresis Following Soberana 2 FINLAY-FR-2 COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report. PG - e71348 LID - 10.1002/ccr3.71348 [doi] LID - e71348 AB - This case report presents a 58-year-old male who developed Parsonage-Turner syndrome (PTS) and vocal cord paresis after receiving the Soberana 2 FINLAY-FR-2 COVID-19 vaccine. The patient experienced escalating pain and weakness in both shoulders and upper limbs after each vaccine dose, with subsequent neurological symptoms including headaches, dysphagia, hoarseness, numbness, dyspnea, and chest discomfort. Neurological examinations and electrodiagnostic studies confirmed upper trunk brachial plexopathy along with vocal fold paresis. This patient was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone. Despite therapeutic intervention, the patient exhibited persistent neurological deficits during follow-up. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Bordbari, Amir-Hassan AU - Bordbari AH AD - Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran. FAU - Heidari, Negar AU - Heidari N AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Research Development Unit of Bou Ali Sina Hospital Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran. FAU - Karimi, Narges AU - Karimi N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5912-3732 AD - Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Immunogenetics Research Center, Clinical Research Development Unit of Bou Ali Sina Hospital Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251031 PL - England TA - Clin Case Rep JT - Clinical case reports JID - 101620385 PMC - PMC12578595 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Parsonage-Turner syndrome OT - brachial plexus neuritis OT - vocal fold paralysis COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/11/03 13:42 MHDA- 2025/11/03 13:43 PMCR- 2025/10/31 CRDT- 2025/11/03 06:59 PHST- 2024/09/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/03 13:43 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/03 13:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/03 06:59 [entrez] PHST- 2025/10/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CCR371348 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ccr3.71348 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Case Rep. 2025 Oct 31;13(11):e71348. doi: 10.1002/ccr3.71348. eCollection 2025 Nov. PMID- 41169891 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251031 LR - 20251102 IS - 2296-2360 (Print) IS - 2296-2360 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2360 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2025 TI - Exploring long COVID in pediatric patients: clinical insights from a long COVID clinic. PG - 1640747 LID - 10.3389/fped.2025.1640747 [doi] LID - 1640747 AB - BACKGROUND: Long COVID describes the persistence or recurrence of symptoms beyond the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection and is increasingly recognized in children and adolescents. Despite its prevalence, understanding of symptom patterns and the influence of vaccination on disease trajectory in pediatric populations remains limited. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of patients aged 0-21 years evaluated at the Long COVID Clinic at Children's Hospital Los Angeles between August 2021 and November 2023. Patients were included if they reported persistent or new symptoms >/=4 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: A total of 123 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 13.1 years, and 51% were male. Symptom onset occurred a mean of 5 weeks after infection. At presentation, 56% of patients reported symptoms lasting 0-24 weeks, 28% for 25-52 weeks, and 16% for >52 weeks. Fatigue (93%) and headache (70%) were the most prevalent symptoms in both younger (<12 years) and older (>12 years) cohorts. Female patients more frequently reported brain fog, dizziness, palpitations, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Overall symptom burden decreased significantly over time (p < 0.001). Vaccination status at baseline was not associated with difference in symptom duration on initial presentation (p = 0.4). However, among those vaccinated after developing long COVID, 41% reported subjective improvement in the following weeks. CONCLUSION: Pediatric long COVID is marked by prolonged, multisystem symptoms. Vaccination may offer symptomatic benefit for some patients, though larger prospective studies are necessary to better define its role. CI - (c) 2025 Kamel, Vu, Bender, Warburton, Wood and Mohandas. FAU - Kamel, Dina AU - Kamel D AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Vu, My H AU - Vu MH AD - Biostatistics and Data Management Core, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Bender, Jeffery AU - Bender J AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Warburton, David AU - Warburton D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Wood, John C AU - Wood JC AD - Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. AD - Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Mohandas, Sindhu AU - Mohandas S AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251015 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC12568432 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID 19 vaccine OT - COVID-19 OT - PASC OT - long COVID OT - post COVID COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/10/31 06:26 MHDA- 2025/10/31 06:27 PMCR- 2025/10/15 CRDT- 2025/10/31 04:51 PHST- 2025/06/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/31 06:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/31 06:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/31 04:51 [entrez] PHST- 2025/10/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2025.1640747 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2025 Oct 15;13:1640747. doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1640747. eCollection 2025. PMID- 41161981 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251029 LR - 20251029 IS - 1557-9832 (Electronic) IS - 0272-2712 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Hemostatic Disorders Following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection, COVID-19 Vaccination, and Long-COVID Syndrome: Current Evidence and Controversies in Clinical Practice. PG - 643-655 LID - S0272-2712(25)00062-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cll.2025.07.008 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has presented profound global health challenges. Beyond acute illness, a substantial proportion of individuals experience persistent symptoms including fatigue, brain fog, and post-exertional malaise, collectively known as Long-COVID. Among the complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination, hemostatic disorders ranging from mild platelet dysfunction to severe thromboembolic events, and rare but serious coagulation-related adverse effects, such as vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia, have emerged as a significant concern. Herein we provide an overview of current information and controversies surrounding hemostatic complications in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Vishnu, Prakash AU - Vishnu P AD - Fred Hutch Cancer Center, 825 Eastlake Avenue E (LG7-710), Seattle, WA 98109, USA; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: pvishnu1@uw.edu. FAU - Aboulafia, David M AU - Aboulafia DM AD - University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Floyd and Delores Jones Cancer Institute at Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250811 PL - United States TA - Clin Lab Med JT - Clinics in laboratory medicine JID - 8100174 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Hemostatic Disorders/etiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Vaccination/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection OT - Thrombosis OT - Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia COIS- Disclosures The authors have no commercial or financial conflicts of interest to disclose. Dr Aboulafia receives funding from a National Institutes of Health, United States grant as a member of the AIDS Malignancy Consortium. EDAT- 2025/10/30 00:27 MHDA- 2025/10/30 00:28 CRDT- 2025/10/29 21:54 PHST- 2025/10/30 00:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/30 00:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/29 21:54 [entrez] AID - S0272-2712(25)00062-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cll.2025.07.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Lab Med. 2025 Dec;45(4):643-655. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2025.07.008. Epub 2025 Aug 11. PMID- 41146907 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251028 LR - 20251030 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 49 DP - 2025 Nov TI - Blood diagnostic biomarkers for neurologic manifestations of long COVID. PG - 101110 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.101110 [doi] LID - 101110 AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 responsible for COVID-19 caused a global pandemic, with billions of infections, millions of deaths and ongoing manifestations post COVID-19. "Long Covid", a Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), is an ongoing global healthcare problem, affecting all age groups, with many manifestations, and occurring despite vaccines and antivirals. Neurologic manifestations of PASC (Neuro-PASC) such as brain fog can last for years and are amongst the most debilitating and prevalent. There is a need for diagnostic tools and treatments. METHODS: Plasma samples from 48 non-hospitalized PASC patients with diagnosed Neuro-PASC symptoms (NP), 20 convalescent control (CC) subjects, and 24 unvaccinated healthy control (HC) subjects, was used to generate data on over 7000 proteins using the SomaLogic(R) proteomics platform. ProViz(R) software was used to perform T-tests, U-Tests, ANOVA and Kruskalis-Wallis tests at a Bonferroni p < 0.05 and a Benjamini-Hochberg corrected False Discovery Rate <0.02, and box plots and knowhow used to identify diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. RESULTS: C5a, TGFbeta1, and Gliomedin, used together differentiated patients with Neuro-PASC from control subjects with 94 % sensitivity and 86 % specificity, a 90 % accuracy. Additional biomarkers, Gal3ST1, IFNlambda1, and GHRH, improved accuracy to 94 %, and a combination of 5 more biomarkers, LFA-3, FASLG + Transgelin-1 and GPNMB + IGHG1, improved accuracy close to 100 %. These markers are suggestive of pathways involved in Neuro-PASC pathogenesis. A dozen partly overlying biomarkers were modulated to which there are FDA approved drugs. CONCLUSION: C5a, TGFbeta1, Gliomedin expressed highly in serum could be developed as a diagnostic tool, and with clinical assessment used to personalize treatments with repurposed novel drugs. CI - (c) 2025 Percheron Therapeutics Limited. FAU - Padhye, A S AU - Padhye AS AD - Percheron Therapeutics Limited, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia. FAU - Koralnik, I J AU - Koralnik IJ AD - Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. FAU - Hanson, B A AU - Hanson BA AD - Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. FAU - Visvabharathy, L AU - Visvabharathy L AD - Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA. FAU - DeLisle, R K AU - DeLisle RK AD - Glysade LLC, Aurora, CO, 80016, USA. FAU - Tachas, G AU - Tachas G AD - Percheron Therapeutics Limited, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250925 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC12554056 COIS- The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dr Koralnik, Dr Hanson, as employees of Northwestern University and Dr Visvabharathy as an employee of the University of Chicago (at the time of the study an employee of Northwestern University) have no competing financial interest or relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.Dr DeLisle, Glysade LLC, at the time of the study an employee of SomaLogic, Inc, Boulder, CO 80301, USA, have no competing financial interest or relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.Mr Padhye and Dr Tachas at the time of the study, were employees of the sponsor Percheron Therapeutics Ltd (formerly Antisense Therapeutics Ltd), and received payment for services from the sponsor as employees. Mr Padhye was until January 31, 2025 an employee of the sponsor.Dr George Tachas was until March 7, 2025 an employee of the sponsor and holds an equity interest in the sponsor. Dr Tachas is the named inventor on the sponsor's patent application PCT/AU2023/050777 in relation to diagnosis and treatment of neuro-PASC, and in the process of in-licensing via an agreement with the sponsor.The author's interest does not influence the objectivity and integrity of work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/10/28 06:30 MHDA- 2025/10/28 06:31 PMCR- 2025/09/25 CRDT- 2025/10/28 04:08 PHST- 2025/02/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/28 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/28 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/28 04:08 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(25)00168-1 [pii] AID - 101110 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.101110 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2025 Sep 25;49:101110. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.101110. eCollection 2025 Nov. PMID- 41117273 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260306 LR - 20260306 IS - 2578-5826 (Electronic) IS - 2578-5826 (Linking) VI - 49 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Long COVID: mechanisms of disease, multisystem sequelae, and prospects for treatment. PG - 35-58 LID - 10.1080/25785826.2025.2570902 [doi] AB - Long COVID has emerged as a significant global health issue, affecting individuals across a wide spectrum of initial disease severity. While its definition and prevalence vary across studies, persistent symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, respiratory difficulties, and cardiovascular complications have been widely reported. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed, including incomplete viral clearance, reactivation of latent viruses, immune dysregulation, autoimmunity, endothelial dysfunction, microbiome alterations, and mitochondrial impairment. These interconnected processes are thought to contribute to chronic inflammation and multi-organ disease. To date, there are no established therapies for Long COVID, and management primarily focuses on symptomatic relief and rehabilitation. Vaccination has been shown to reduce the incidence of Long COVID, and emerging strategies, including antiviral agents, immune-modulating therapies, microbiome restoration, and mitochondria-targeted interventions, are under investigation. This review summarizes the current understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, organ-specific manifestations, and potential therapeutic approaches for Long COVID, aiming to provide insights into future research directions and clinical management strategies. FAU - Oba, Seiya AU - Oba S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3835-734X AD - Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Hosoya, Tadashi AU - Hosoya T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5177-6413 AD - Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Iwai, Hideyuki AU - Iwai H AD - Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Yasuda, Shinsuke AU - Yasuda S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6171-2077 AD - Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20251021 PL - England TA - Immunol Med JT - Immunological medicine JID - 101736847 RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/therapy/epidemiology/complications/immunology/physiopathology MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Long COVID OT - disease mechanism OT - post-acute COVID-19 syndrome OT - post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection EDAT- 2025/10/21 12:35 MHDA- 2026/03/06 13:47 CRDT- 2025/10/21 07:13 PHST- 2026/03/06 13:47 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/21 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/21 07:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/25785826.2025.2570902 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunol Med. 2026 Mar;49(1):35-58. doi: 10.1080/25785826.2025.2570902. Epub 2025 Oct 21. PMID- 41117021 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251021 LR - 20261003 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Print) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 97 IP - 10 DP - 2025 Oct TI - The Clinical Presentations of Patients With COVID-19 in the Omicron Era: Missed Opportunities in the Antiviral Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infections. PG - e70652 LID - 10.1002/jmv.70652 [doi] LID - e70652 AB - COVID-19 has posed a significant global health challenge. SARS-CoV-2 has accumulated several mutations and adapted to humans, with its clinical manifestations evolving from severe bilateral interstitial pneumonia with respiratory failure to predominantly milder forms of disease. Effective antiviral treatments have been developed but remain underutilized, even in high-risk individuals. We conducted a retrospective study on patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in our hospital's Infectious Disease/COVID-19 wards. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were collected. Due to limited viral sequencing, time periods were categorized based on the dominant epidemiological variants: Wild-Type/Alpha (February 2020 to June 2021), Delta (July to December 2021), and Omicron (January 2022 to January 2024). We included 606 patients, of whom 381 (62.9%) were male, with a mean age of 65.5 years (+/-17.0) and a mean BMI of 26.4 kg/m(2) (+/-5.7). The most common comorbidities were arterial hypertension (43.8%), cardiovascular diseases (25.2%) and diabetes (21%). A total of 380 (62.7%)of patients were infected with the Wild-Type variant, 49 (8.1%) with Wild-Type/Alpha, 17 (2.8%)with Alpha, 20 (3.3%)with Alpha/Delta,45 (7.4%)with Delta, 4 (0.7%)with Delta/Omicron, and 91 (15%) with Omicron. The clinical presentation evolved significantly: we observed a decline in the prevalence of fever (78% in Wild-Type vs. 57% in Omicron), myalgia (19% vs. 4%), diarrhoea (15% vs. 3%), rhinorrhoea (9% vs. 1%), and ageusia, which disappeared entirely in Omicron cases. In contrast, neurological symptoms became more frequent, increasing from 13% in Wild-Type to 27% in Omicron infections, with delirium being the most common manifestation (59% of neurological cases). In-hospital mortality was significantly lower with Omicron variants (5.5%) as compared to the older ones (Delta 15.9%, WT/alpha 13.2%, p < 0.001). Out of 256 participants with risk factors for severe disease, 116 (45.3%) could have potentially been treated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs for early treatment: only two patients (1.7%) were treated with such drugs in out-of-hospital settings. These results underscore the importance of targeted vaccination campaigns, enhanced access to early antiviral therapies, and further research to understand evolving clinical patterns and optimize therapeutic strategies. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Bartolucci, G AU - Bartolucci G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6955-6619 AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Garro, E AU - Garro E AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Mussa, M AU - Mussa M AD - Local Health Authority (ASL) Citta di Torino, Turin, Italy. FAU - Pepe, A AU - Pepe A AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Angilletta, R AU - Angilletta R AD - Local Health Authority (ASL) Citta di Torino, Turin, Italy. FAU - Rizzello, B AU - Rizzello B AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Ranzani, F A AU - Ranzani FA AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Bonora, S AU - Bonora S AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Di Perri, G AU - Di Perri G AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Calcagno, A AU - Calcagno A AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. AD - Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Western Piedmont, Novara, Italy. AD - Unit of Infectious Diseases, Ospedale Maggiore della Carita, Novara, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Aged MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/virology/pathology MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/genetics/drug effects MH - *COVID-19 Drug Treatment MH - Comorbidity MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Adult MH - Hospitalization PMC - PMC12538379 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/10/21 06:27 MHDA- 2025/10/21 06:28 PMCR- 2025/10/21 CRDT- 2025/10/21 04:34 PHST- 2025/07/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/21 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/21 06:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/21 04:34 [entrez] PHST- 2025/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JMV70652 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jmv.70652 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2025 Oct;97(10):e70652. doi: 10.1002/jmv.70652. PMID- 41082015 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251013 LR - 20261010 IS - 1557-1904 (Electronic) IS - 1557-1890 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Oct 13 TI - Neurological Adverse Events from COVID-19 Vaccination and It's Associated Factors in Burkina Faso: Analysis of Spontaneous Reports from the National Database of Pharmacovigilance from 2021 to 2023. PG - 89 LID - 10.1007/s11481-025-10249-8 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Neurological adverse effects are frequent, primarily non-serious, due to the tropism of COVID 19 adverse effects for neuronal structures and tissues. To our knowledge, there are no studies on neurological adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines in Burkina Faso. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of neurological side effects of COVID-19 vaccines, to catalogue neurological adverse effects, to describe these manifestations, and to identify factors associated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of people who had experienced adverse events of COVID-19 vaccines during the period from 1 December 2021 to 31 December 2023. Individuals who had experienced at least one adverse event after immunisation (AEFI) of the COVID-19 vaccine registered in the Vigibase Burkina database were included. The data was gathered through a questionnaire. RESULTS: The study included 1,060 people who experienced adverse events. Of them, 614 (57.9%) had neurological adverse effects. Their mean age was 44.08 +/- 18 years. Most of the participants were men (56.8%) and healthcare workers (61.2%). Most of the participants (65.8%) had their side effects occur within 24 h. The AstraZeneca vaccine was reported in 51.8% of participants. The prevalence of side effects after the first dose was 83%.The most common symptoms were headaches (49.7%), myalgia (21.7%) and radiculopathies (9%). There was a significant association between the AstraZeneca vaccine and adverse neurological events (p = 0.000000). Factors associated with the appearance of serious neurological symptoms were age >/= 60 years (p = 0.02744) and comorbidities (p = 0.000002). CONCLUSION: Neurological adverse events after COVID-19 immunisation were frequent and benign among spontaneous notifications. Headache was the most common neurological adverse effect of COVID-19 vaccines. Serious side effects were more frequent in the elderly and people with comorbidities. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Dabilgou, Alfred Anselme AU - Dabilgou AA AD - Department of Neurology, Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. dabilgouanselm@yahoo.fr. FAU - Ouedraogo, Emile Wendni AU - Ouedraogo EW AD - Laboratory for Medical Development, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. FAU - Kyelem, Julie Marie Adeline Wendlamita AU - Kyelem JMAW AD - Department of Neurology, Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. FAU - Drave, Alassane AU - Drave A AD - Department of Neurology, Regional University Hospital of Ouahigouya, Ouahigouya, Burkina Faso. FAU - Wanre, Ousmane AU - Wanre O AD - Department of Neurology, Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. FAU - Napon, Christain AU - Napon C AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bogodogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. FAU - Millogo, Athanase AU - Millogo A AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Sourou Sanou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251013 PL - United States TA - J Neuroimmune Pharmacol JT - Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology JID - 101256586 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Pharmacovigilance MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Burkina Faso/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology/chemically induced MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - Aged MH - Databases, Factual/trends MH - Adolescent MH - *Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Child OTO - NOTNLM OT - Burkina Faso OT - Covid-19 vaccines OT - Headaches OT - Neurological manifestations OT - Pharmacovigilance COIS- Declarations. Ethical Approval: We had the permission of the Ethics Board of the School of the University Joseph KI-ZERBO and of the Director of the National Department of Pharmacovigilance in Burkina Faso. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Human Ethics and Consent to Participate: Not applicable. Consent to Participate: Not applicable. Publication Consent of the Participants: Not applicable. Consent for Publication: All authors of the manuscript have read and agreed on its content and are responsible for all aspects of the accuracy and integrity of the manuscript in accordance with the ICMJE criteria. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. Conflicts of interest/Competing interests: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organisation or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. EDAT- 2025/10/13 12:30 MHDA- 2025/10/13 12:31 CRDT- 2025/10/13 11:22 PHST- 2024/07/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/13 12:31 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/13 12:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/13 11:22 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11481-025-10249-8 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11481-025-10249-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2025 Oct 13;20(1):89. doi: 10.1007/s11481-025-10249-8. PMID- 41080595 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251013 LR - 20251015 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Impact of chemotherapy on humoral and cellular immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination in patients with solid tumors. PG - 1664072 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1664072 [doi] LID - 1664072 AB - INTRODUCTION: Despite SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has subsided, vaccine response profiling in patients with cancer remains critical. METHODS: We longitudinally assessed humoral and cellular immunity in adults with solid tumours treated with chemotherapy (ChT) or non-ChT regimens after two mRNA vaccine doses plus booster, compared with vaccinated cancer-free controls, naturally infected (convalescent) subjects including both patients with cancer and cancer-free individuals, and unvaccinated/uninfected individuals with or without cancer as a baseline reference. RESULTS: Anti-Spike IgG titres matched cancer-free controls, but anti-RBD titres and neutralising activity were consistently lower in cancer post-vaccination, most markedly with ChT, and declined faster over 4-6 months. Boosters restored IgG, yet gains were smaller in ChT recipients. Cellular analyses revealed sustained and booster-enhanced Spike-specific B cells in all groups; however, ChT exposure was associated with reduced CD27 expression on these cells, suggesting impaired activation and memory maturation. DISCUSSION: These findings support tailored immune monitoring and vaccination strategies in oncology and identify CD27 downregulation as a novel B-cell dysfunction detected by high-dimensional immunophenotyping. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Favalli, Patelli, Gruarin, Gobbini, Pesce, Mariano, Bombaci, Vincenti, Donnici, Marchese, Piscazzi, Amatu, Tosi, Ghezzi, Pani, Principato, Lombardi, Bandera, Abrignani, Siena, Sartore-Bianchi and Grifantini. FAU - Favalli, Andrea AU - Favalli A AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Patelli, Giorgio AU - Patelli G AD - Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. AD - ⁠Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy. FAU - Gruarin, Paola AU - Gruarin P AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Gobbini, Andrea AU - Gobbini A AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Pesce, Elisa AU - Pesce E AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Mariano, Sara AU - Mariano S AD - ⁠Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bombaci, Mauro AU - Bombaci M AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Vincenti, Francesca AU - Vincenti F AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Donnici, Lorena AU - Donnici L AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Marchese, Silvia AU - Marchese S AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. AD - DiSFeB Dipartimento di scienze farmacologiche e biomolecolari, Universita degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Piscazzi, Daniele AU - Piscazzi D AD - Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. AD - ⁠Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy. FAU - Amatu, Alessio AU - Amatu A AD - ⁠Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy. FAU - Tosi, Federica AU - Tosi F AD - ⁠Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy. FAU - Ghezzi, Silvia AU - Ghezzi S AD - ⁠Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy. FAU - Pani, Arianna AU - Pani A AD - Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Principato, Silvia AU - Principato S AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Lombardi, Andrea AU - Lombardi A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bandera, Alessandra AU - Bandera A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Abrignani, Sergio AU - Abrignani S AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Siena, Salvatore AU - Siena S AD - Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. AD - ⁠Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy. FAU - Sartore-Bianchi, Andrea AU - Sartore-Bianchi A AD - Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. AD - ⁠Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy. FAU - Grifantini, Renata AU - Grifantini R AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. AD - CheckmAb Srl, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250925 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Neoplasms/drug therapy/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Immunity, Humoral/drug effects MH - *Immunity, Cellular/drug effects MH - Aged MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Adult MH - Vaccination MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/metabolism MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - *Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology PMC - PMC12507793 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - high-dimensional OT - memory B cells OT - seroconversion OT - solid tumors OT - unbiased immunophenotyping OT - vaccinations COIS- RG is currently employed by CheckmAb Srl. AS-B participates to advisory boards for Amgen, Bayer, Pierre-Fabre, Servier, Takeda. SS is an advisory board member for Agenus, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, CheckmAb, Daiichi-Sankyo, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Merck, Novartis, Pierre-Fabre, Pfizer, Seagen, and T-One Therapeutics. SA is a cofounder of the startup CheckMab s.r.l. and T-One Therapeutics s.r.l. AA has an advisory role for Amgen, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono. SP is currently employed by GlaxoSmithKline. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. RG declares that she was an Review Editor for Translational Medicine in Frontiers at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and final decision. EDAT- 2025/10/13 12:31 MHDA- 2025/10/13 12:32 PMCR- 2025/09/25 CRDT- 2025/10/13 07:36 PHST- 2025/07/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/13 12:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/13 12:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/13 07:36 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1664072 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Sep 25;16:1664072. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1664072. eCollection 2025. PMID- 41076807 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251101 LR - 20251101 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 66 DP - 2025 Nov 14 TI - Differentiating COVID-19 vaccine-related adverse events from long COVID: A comprehensive review of clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and diagnostic approaches. PG - 127842 LID - S0264-410X(25)01139-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127842 [doi] AB - The global deployment of COVID-19 vaccines has introduced diagnostic challenges due to overlapping symptoms with long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), prompting a comprehensive review of vaccine safety profiles, long COVID manifestations, and evidence-based differentiation strategies. Through a literature search (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) from December 2020 to June 2025, including peer-reviewed studies, clinical trials, and cohort studies, the present review reports that COVID-19 vaccines maintain robust safety, with rare adverse events like myocarditis and thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome, while long COVID affects 10-40 % of SARS-CoV-2 survivors, presenting symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and dyspnea. Differentiation between these conditions relies on careful analysis of the timing of symptom onset, detailed symptom characterization, and the use of advanced diagnostic tools. Systematic clinical assessment is essential for accurate diagnosis, which is critical for appropriate patient management, maintaining public confidence in vaccination, and guiding future research. Further studies are needed to validate diagnostic biomarkers, develop targeted therapies, and monitor long-term outcomes, with standardized global registries and interdisciplinary collaboration identified as key priorities for improving care and advancing the field. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Domingo, Jose L AU - Domingo JL AD - Universitat Rovira i Virgili, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, San Llorens 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.. Electronic address: joseluis.domingo@urv.cat. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20251011 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/diagnosis/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Vaccination/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - adverse events OT - differential diagnosis OT - long COVID OT - vaccine safety COIS- Declaration of competing interest The author declares that he has no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/10/13 00:27 MHDA- 2025/11/02 00:33 CRDT- 2025/10/12 18:04 PHST- 2025/07/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/02 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/13 00:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/12 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(25)01139-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127842 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2025 Nov 14;66:127842. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127842. Epub 2025 Oct 11. PMID- 41044528 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251004 LR - 20251007 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Oct 3 TI - Long COVID in the population of COVID-19 hospitalized patients discharged from SUS' hospitals in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil: a patient-engaged cohort survey study. PG - 1232 LID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11615-w [doi] LID - 1232 AB - BACKGROUND: Long COVID (LC) is a global health concern, affecting millions and placing significant strain on healthcare systems. However, there is a notable lack of LC research in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in the global south. This study aims to fill this gap by focusing on Brazil, a country with an emerging LC literature but limited population estimates due to sampling constraints. Our unique focus is to estimate the prevalence of persistent symptoms and LC self-reported diagnosis among COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Rio de Janeiro City public hospitals. We also aim to identify factors associated with the LC measures and most frequent symptoms, providing valuable insights for healthcare systems and policymakers. METHODS: We designed a comprehensive, patient-engaged cohort survey study to assess LC symptoms and administered it to a probability sample of adults six to 24 months post-discharge from public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro City. LC was measured as (i) at least one persistent symptom or (ii) self-reported LC. Among the symptoms, we considered post-exertional malaise, which is frequently neglected in LC studies. Additionally, we applied an adaptation of the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire to account not only for the presence but also the frequency of symptom occurrence. We estimate the prevalence of symptoms and use logistic regression models to identify associations between LC and the most frequent LC symptoms and independent variables, assessing demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics, vaccination, and severity of acute disease. RESULTS: Results indicate the predominant study's focus on low-income and highly vulnerable people, with an elevated prevalence of comorbidities before LC. In the study population of 11,328 persons, 71.3% (95%CI 66.3; 76.2) reported frequently experiencing at least one persistent symptom, and 39.3% (95%CI 34.2; 44.4) self-reported having LC. The most frequent symptoms were fatigue, post-exertional malaise, joint pain, sleep disturbance, and cognitive impairment, and symptoms were consistently more likely to occur among women. Age was non-linearly related to LC, and comorbidities before COVID-19 hospitalization were positively associated with LC symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence is provided for the LC burden among COVID-19 hospitalized patients even 24 months post-discharge. LC accessible and appropriate healthcare is fundamental. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Portela, Margareth Crisostomo AU - Portela MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9858-9276 AD - Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. margareth.portela@fiocruz.br. FAU - Lima, Sheyla Maria Lemos AU - Lima SML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1450-0498 AD - Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Escosteguy, Claudia Caminha AU - Escosteguy CC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0273-6911 AD - Hospital Federal Servidores do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Martins, Monica AU - Martins M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9962-0618 AD - Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - de Vasconcellos, Mauricio Teixeira Leite AU - de Vasconcellos MTL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1658-2589 AD - Sociedade para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa Cientifica (SCIENCE), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Caldas, Barbara do Nascimento AU - Caldas BDN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7174-6393 AD - Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Bernardino, Michelle AU - Bernardino M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6494-755X AD - Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Baginski, Natalie Perez AU - Baginski NP AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-7341-9189 AD - Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Goes, Gabriela AU - Goes G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7878-5336 AD - Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Sabaine, Brenda AU - Sabaine B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-5409-6638 AD - Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Furtado, Danielle AU - Furtado D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1103-3815 AD - Hospital Municipal Ronaldo Gazolla, Secretaria Municipal de Saude do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Cavalcanti, Marta AU - Cavalcanti M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8308-9853 AD - Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Soares, Leticia AU - Soares L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6933-8048 AD - Patient-Led Research Collaborative, Calabasas, CA, USA. FAU - Stelson, Elisabeth AU - Stelson E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5176-2652 AD - Patient-Led Research Collaborative, Calabasas, CA, USA. AD - Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Singer, Sara AU - Singer S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3374-1177 AD - Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Cornish, Flora AU - Cornish F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3404-9385 AD - London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. FAU - Aveling, Emma-Louise AU - Aveling EL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1259-9132 AD - Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251003 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Aged MH - Cohort Studies MH - Prevalence MH - Hospitalization MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Hospitals, Public MH - Patient Discharge MH - Young Adult MH - Self Report PMC - PMC12495698 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long COVID OT - Patient-engaged research OT - Post COVID condition OT - Prevalence OT - Survey OT - Symptoms COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study followed Resolution no. 466, issued by the Brazilian National Health Council on December 12, 2012, which draws upon the Declaration of Helsinki as one of its foundational references and seeks to protect the dignity, rights, safety, and well-being of research participants, upholding principles of autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice. The project was submitted to and approved by the Research Ethics Committees of ENSP/Fiocruz (CAAE 57680922.3.0000.5240), the Rio de Janeiro Municipal Health Secretariat/RJ (CAAE 57680922.3.3001.5279), and one of the participating hospitals (CAAE 57680922.3.3003.5257), as required by its Direction. Given the international collaboration and funding, it was also submitted and approved by the National Research Ethics Commission (CONEP) (CAAE 57680922.3.0000.5240). All participants provided verbal informed consent. Consent for publication: Consent for publication. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/10/04 00:30 MHDA- 2025/10/04 06:30 PMCR- 2025/10/03 CRDT- 2025/10/03 23:56 PHST- 2024/07/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/04 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/04 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/03 23:56 [entrez] PHST- 2025/10/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11615-w [pii] AID - 11615 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11615-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Oct 3;25(1):1232. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11615-w. PMID- 41043442 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260130 LR - 20261001 IS - 1474-4457 (Electronic) IS - 1473-3099 (Print) IS - 1473-3099 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Feb TI - Long COVID associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among children and adolescents in the omicron era (RECOVER-EHR): a retrospective cohort study. PG - 127-138 LID - S1473-3099(25)00476-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00476-1 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) remain a major public health challenge. Although previous studies have focused on characterising PASC in children and adolescents after an initial infection, the risks of PASC after reinfection with the omicron variant remain unclear. We aimed to assess the risk of PASC diagnosis (U09.9) and symptoms and conditions potentially related to PASC in children and adolescents after a SARS-CoV-2 reinfection during the omicron period. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used data from 40 children's hospitals and health institutions in the USA participating in the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative. We included patients younger than 21 years at the time of cohort entry; with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection after Jan 1, 2022; and who had at least one health-care visit within 24 months to 7 days before the first infection. The second SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by positive PCR, antigen tests, or a diagnosis of COVID-19 that occurred at least 60 days after the first infection. The primary endpoint was a clinician-documented diagnosis of PASC (U09.9). Secondary endpoints were 24 symptoms and conditions previously identified as being potentially related to PASC. We used the modified Poisson regression model to estimate the relative risk (RR) between the second and first infection episodes, adjusted for demographic, clinical, and health-care utilisation factors using exact and propensity-score matching. FINDINGS: We identified 407 300 (87.5%) of 465 717 eligible children and adolescents with a first infection episode and 58 417 (12.5%) with a second infection episode from Jan 1, 2022, to Oct 13, 2023, in the RECOVER database. 233 842 (50.2%) patients were male and 231 875 (49.8%) were female. The mean age was 8.17 years (SD 6.58). The incident rate of PASC diagnosis (U09.9) per million people per 6 months was 903.7 (95% CI 780.9-1026.5) in the first infection group and 1883.7 (1565.1-2202.3) in the second infection group. Reinfection was associated with a significantly increased risk of an overall PASC diagnosis (U09.9) (RR 2.08 [1.68-2.59]) and a range of symptoms and conditions potentially related to PASC (RR range 1.15-3.60), including myocarditis, changes in taste and smell, thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism, heart disease, acute kidney injury, fluid and electrolyte disturbance, generalised pain, arrhythmias, abnormal liver enzymes, chest pain, fatigue and malaise, headache, musculoskeletal pain, abdominal pain, mental ill health, POTS or dysautonomia, cognitive impairment, skin conditions, fever and chills, respiratory signs and symptoms, and cardiovascular signs and symptoms. INTERPRETATION: Children and adolescents face a significantly higher risk of various PASC outcomes after reinfection with SARS-CoV-2. These findings add to previous evidence linking paediatric long COVID to multisystem effects and highlight the need to promote vaccination in younger populations and support ongoing research to better understand PASC, identify high-risk subgroups, and improve prevention and care strategies. FUNDING: National Institutes of Health. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. FAU - Zhang, Bingyu AU - Zhang B AD - Center for Health AI and Synthesis of Evidence, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Graduate Group in Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Wu, Qiong AU - Wu Q AD - Center for Health AI and Synthesis of Evidence, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Jhaveri, Ravi AU - Jhaveri R AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Zhou, Ting AU - Zhou T AD - Center for Health AI and Synthesis of Evidence, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Becich, Michael J AU - Becich MJ AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Bisyuk, Yuriy AU - Bisyuk Y AD - University Medical Center New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA. FAU - Blancero, Frank AU - Blancero F AD - RECOVER Patient, Caregiver, or Community Advocate Representative, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Chrischilles, Elizabeth A AU - Chrischilles EA AD - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. FAU - Chuang, Cynthia H AU - Chuang CH AD - Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA. FAU - Cowell, Lindsay G AU - Cowell LG AD - O'Donnell School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. FAU - Fort, Daniel AU - Fort D AD - Center for Outcomes Research, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, USA. FAU - Horowitz, Carol R AU - Horowitz CR AD - Institute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Kim, Susan AU - Kim S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Ladino, Nathalia AU - Ladino N AD - NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Liebovitz, David M AU - Liebovitz DM AD - Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Liu, Mei AU - Liu M AD - Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, College of Medicine, FL, USA. FAU - Mosa, Abu S M AU - Mosa ASM AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics, and Medical Epidemiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. FAU - Schwenk, Hayden T AU - Schwenk HT AD - Stanford School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Stanford, CA, USA. FAU - Suresh, Srinivasan AU - Suresh S AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Taylor, Bradley W AU - Taylor BW AD - Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. FAU - Williams, David A AU - Williams DA AD - Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Morris, Jeffrey S AU - Morris JS AD - Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Forrest, Christopher B AU - Forrest CB AD - Applied Clinical Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Chen, Yong AU - Chen Y AD - Center for Health AI and Synthesis of Evidence, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Graduate Group in Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Medicine Center for Evidence-based Practice, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: ychen123@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. CN - RECOVER Consortium LA - eng GR - OT2 HL161847/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20250930 PL - United States TA - Lancet Infect Dis JT - The Lancet. Infectious diseases JID - 101130150 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2025 Mar 30:2025.03.28.25324858. doi: 10.1101/2025.03.28.25324858. PMID: 40196285 MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology/virology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child MH - *Reinfection/epidemiology/virology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC12671941 MID - NIHMS2115389 COIS- Declaration of interests RJ is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Seqirus, Gilead, and Sanofi; receives an editorial stipend from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society; research support from GSK; and royalties from Up To Date (Wolters Kluwer). DML received institutional funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative via a subcontract from Joan and Sanford I Weill Medical College of Cornell University (grants office ID SP0072825). ASMM received institutional funding from Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) for PCORnet Common Data Model creation, and from the NIH RECOVER Initiative through the University of Missouri as site principal investigator and serves as a board member of the i2b2 tranSMART Foundation, a non-profit organisation supporting the development of the i2b2 informatics platform. All other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/10/04 00:30 MHDA- 2026/01/31 00:29 PMCR- 2026/09/30 CRDT- 2025/10/03 18:52 PHST- 2025/04/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/31 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/04 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/03 18:52 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1473-3099(25)00476-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00476-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Lancet Infect Dis. 2026 Feb;26(2):127-138. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00476-1. Epub 2025 Sep 30. PMID- 41013180 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250927 LR - 20260904 IS - 1528-3658 (Electronic) IS - 1076-1551 (Print) IS - 1076-1551 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Sep 26 TI - Immunogenicity and memory B-cell potency induced by an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women. PG - 297 LID - 10.1186/s10020-025-01357-5 [doi] LID - 297 AB - During pregnancy, profound immunological, hormonal, and metabolic adaptations occur to support fetal development. The impact of pregnancy on vaccine-induced immunity remains incompletely characterized, as previous studies have primarily focused on serological antibody levels but not immune memory. Immune memory is critical for vaccine effectiveness, but effect of pregnancy on immune memory remain unknown. In addition, the memory B cell response profile induced by inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in pregnant women remains unclear. This study comprehensively investigated the serological responses and memory B cell response induced by an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women. The results demonstrated that while pregnant women and non-pregnant women of childbearing age showed comparable serological antibody levels, vaccine-induced monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from pregnant women exhibited significantly lower binding potency to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein and its segments and weaker neutralizing potency and breadth than those from non-pregnant women. Vaccine-induced mAbs from pregnant women were derived predominantly from IGHV3-30, whereas those from non-pregnant women were derived diverse germline genes. Most of mAbs from pregnant women targeted the receptor-binding domain (RBD) (40.9%) and S2 domain (31.8%), whereas most of mAbs from non-pregnant women targeted the RBD (51.3%) and N-terminal domain (30.8%). These findings suggested that pregnancy may impair the potency of vaccine-induced memory B cells. These insights may be valuable for the development of vaccination strategies for pregnant women. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Wen, Gui-Ping AU - Wen GP AD - Department of Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. wenguiping@xmu.edu.cn. AD - United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. wenguiping@xmu.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Yi-Zhen AU - Wang YZ AD - State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. AD - Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Wang, Min-Ming AU - Wang MM AD - United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Wang, Wen-Rong AU - Wang WR AD - Department of Aristogenesis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Wang, Si-Ling AU - Wang SL AD - State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. AD - Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Wang, Zheng AU - Wang Z AD - United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. AD - School of Pharmacy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Tang, Zi-Min AU - Tang ZM AD - State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. AD - Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. AD - NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Luo, Zhen-Yu AU - Luo ZY AD - Department of Aristogenesis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Chen, Zi-Hao AU - Chen ZH AD - State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. AD - Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Chen, Jia-Yan AU - Chen JY AD - Department of Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Cai, Mei-Jiao AU - Cai MJ AD - Department of Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Ge, Yun-Sheng AU - Ge YS AD - Department of Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. FAU - Zheng, Zi-Zheng AU - Zheng ZZ AD - State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. zhengzizheng@xmu.edu.cn. AD - Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. zhengzizheng@xmu.edu.cn. FAU - Zhou, Yu-Lin AU - Zhou YL AD - Department of Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. zhou_yulin@126.com. AD - United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China. zhou_yulin@126.com. LA - eng GR - 82101757/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2023J05263/Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2022J02005/Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2023J011607/Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2024GZL-GG39/the Xiamen Health High Quality Development Science and Technology Project/ GR - 2024YFC2310602/National Key Research and Development Program of China/ GR - 3502Z20224014/Science and Technology Project of Xiamen/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250926 PL - England TA - Mol Med JT - Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) JID - 9501023 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Adult MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology MH - *Immunogenicity, Vaccine MH - Young Adult MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC12465604 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Humoral immune response OT - Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine OT - Memory B cell OT - Pregnancy OT - SARS-CoV-2. COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: This study was carried out according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/09/27 06:33 MHDA- 2025/09/27 06:34 PMCR- 2025/09/26 CRDT- 2025/09/27 01:30 PHST- 2025/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/27 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/27 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/27 01:30 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s10020-025-01357-5 [pii] AID - 1357 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s10020-025-01357-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Mol Med. 2025 Sep 26;31(1):297. doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01357-5. PMID- 41012146 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20250927 LR - 20260925 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 9 DP - 2025 Sep 3 TI - SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Elicits Partially Different Spike-Reactive Memory B Cell Responses in Naive Individuals. LID - 10.3390/vaccines13090944 [doi] LID - 944 AB - Background: The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to evaluate how the human immune system responded to a novel pathogen and to determine whether immune responses initiated through natural infection differ from those elicited by vaccination against the same antigen. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S-antigen)-reactive memory B cells (B(mem)) elicited in previously immunologically naive subjects following their first infection with the original Wuhan-Hu-1 (WH1)-like strain or their initial COVID-19 mRNA prime-boost regimen encoding the same WH1-S-antigen. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that the primary encounter of SARS-CoV-2 S-antigen in lung mucosal tissues during infection vs. intramuscular COVID-19 mRNA injection would elicit different B(mem) responses. Methods: Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples collected following primary infection with the WH1 strain or completion of the initial prime-boost vaccination regimen were tested in ImmunoSpot((R)) assays to assess the frequency, Ig class/subclass usage, and cross-reactivity of the S-antigen-reactive B(mem) compartment; pre-pandemic blood draws served as naive controls. Results: The B(mem) repertoires generated post-infection vs. post-vaccination were found to be quite similar but with some subtle differences. In both cases, the prevalent induction of IgG1-expressing B(mem) in similar frequencies was seen, ~30% of which targeted the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the WH1-S-antigen. Also, the extent of cross-reactivity with the future Omicron (BA.1) RBD was found to be similar for both cohorts. However, IgA(+) B(mem) were preferentially induced after infection, while IgG4(+) B(mem) were detected only after vaccination. Conclusions: B(mem) elicited in naive human subjects following SARS-CoV-2 infection or after WH1-S encoding mRNA vaccination were only subtly different, although the relevance of these differences as it relates to immune protection warrants further investigation. Our findings serve to illustrate the usefulness and feasibility of performing comprehensive monitoring of antigen-specific B cell memory in larger cohorts using the ImmunoSpot((R)) technique. FAU - Yao, Lingling AU - Yao L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3134-8630 AD - Research and Development, Cellular Technology Ltd. (CTL), Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Becza, Noemi AU - Becza N AD - Research and Development, Cellular Technology Ltd. (CTL), Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Stylianou, Georgia AU - Stylianou G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9062-8157 AD - Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK. FAU - Tary-Lehmann, Magdalena AU - Tary-Lehmann M AD - Contract Laboratory, Cellular Technology Ltd. (CTL), Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Todryk, Stephen M AU - Todryk SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4566-0793 AD - Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK. FAU - Kirchenbaum, Greg A AU - Kirchenbaum GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6463-7623 AD - Research and Development, Cellular Technology Ltd. (CTL), Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. AD - Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK. FAU - Lehmann, Paul V AU - Lehmann PV AD - Research and Development, Cellular Technology Ltd. (CTL), Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. LA - eng GR - the R&D budget of Cellular Technology Limited (CTL)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250903 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC12474496 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ELISPOT OT - FluoroSpot OT - Ig class OT - IgG subclass OT - humoral OT - immune monitoring OT - immunological memory OT - plasma cell COIS- P.V.L. is Founder, President, and CEO of Cellular Technology Limited (CTL), a company that specializes in immune monitoring by ImmunoSpot((R)). M.T.-L. is a cofounder and CSO of CTL. L.Y., N.B. and G.A.K. are employees of CTL. G.S. and S.M.T. received funding, reagents, and instrumentation from CTL to support their research. This study was funded by CTL, and the funder directed the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article, and made the decision to submit it for publication. EDAT- 2025/09/27 06:33 MHDA- 2025/09/27 06:34 PMCR- 2025/09/03 CRDT- 2025/09/27 01:26 PHST- 2025/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/27 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/27 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/27 01:26 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines13090944 [pii] AID - vaccines-13-00944 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines13090944 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Sep 3;13(9):944. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13090944. PMID- 41008646 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250927 LR - 20260327 IS - 2218-273X (Electronic) IS - 2218-273X (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 9 DP - 2025 Sep 18 TI - Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species: A Unifying Mechanism in Long COVID and Spike Protein-Associated Injury: A Narrative Review. LID - 10.3390/biom15091339 [doi] LID - 1339 AB - Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (long COVID) present with persistent fatigue, cognitive impairment, and autonomic and multisystem dysfunctions that often go unnoticed by standard diagnostic tests. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are central drivers of these post-viral sequelae. Viral infections, particularly SARS-CoV-2, disrupt mitochondrial bioenergetics by altering membrane integrity, increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and impairing mitophagy, leading to sustained immune activation and metabolic imbalance. This review synthesizes an understanding of how mitochondrial redox signaling and impaired clearance of damaged mitochondria contribute to chronic inflammation and multisystem organ symptoms in both long COVID and post-vaccine injury. We discuss translational biomarkers and non-invasive techniques, exploring therapeutic strategies that include pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and nutritional approaches, as well as imaging modalities aimed at assessing and restoring mitochondrial health. Recognizing long COVID as a mitochondrial disorder that stems from redox imbalance will open new options for personalized treatment and management guided by biomarkers. Future clinical trials are essential to validate these approaches and translate mitochondrial resuscitation into effective care for patients suffering from long COVID and related post-viral syndromes. FAU - Lee, Eunseuk AU - Lee E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-3761-576X AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers Health/Community Medical Center, Toms River, NJ 08755, USA. FAU - Ozigbo, Adaobi Amelia AU - Ozigbo AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6174-6127 AD - College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA. FAU - Varon, Joseph AU - Varon J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7622-9974 AD - College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA. AD - Independent Medical Alliance, Washington, DC 20036, USA. FAU - Halma, Mathew AU - Halma M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2487-0636 AD - Independent Medical Alliance, Washington, DC 20036, USA. AD - Open Source Medicine OU, Parnu mnt. 139c, 11317 Tallinn, Estonia. FAU - Laezzo, Madison AU - Laezzo M AD - Department of Internal Medicine Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine Nutley, NJ 07110, USA. FAU - Ang, Song Peng AU - Ang SP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8557-9880 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers Health/Community Medical Center, Toms River, NJ 08755, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA. FAU - Iglesias, Jose AU - Iglesias J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7851-0498 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers Health/Community Medical Center, Toms River, NJ 08755, USA. AD - Department of Internal Medicine Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine Nutley, NJ 07110, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250918 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomolecules JT - Biomolecules JID - 101596414 RN - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/metabolism/complications/pathology MH - *Mitochondria/metabolism/pathology MH - *Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism MH - SARS-CoV-2/metabolism MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Oxidative Stress PMC - PMC12467101 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - autophagy OT - biomarkers OT - long COVID OT - mitochondrial dysfunction OT - mitochondrial reactive oxygen species OT - mitophagy COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/09/27 06:33 MHDA- 2025/09/27 06:34 PMCR- 2025/09/18 CRDT- 2025/09/27 01:09 PHST- 2025/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/27 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/27 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/27 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biom15091339 [pii] AID - biomolecules-15-01339 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biom15091339 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomolecules. 2025 Sep 18;15(9):1339. doi: 10.3390/biom15091339. PMID- 40991228 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process LR - 20251027 IS - 0971-5916 (Print) IS - 0971-5916 (Linking) VI - 162 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jul TI - Immunological memory in post SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. PG - 124 LID - 10.25259/IJMR_1178_2025 [pii] FAU - Daungsupawong, Hinpetch AU - Daungsupawong H AD - Private Academic Consultant, Phonhong 100 00, Lao People's Democratic Republic. FAU - Wiwanitkit, Viroj AU - Wiwanitkit V AD - Department of Community Medicine, DY Patil Medical College, Pune 411 018, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Indian J Med Res JT - The Indian journal of medical research JID - 0374701 SB - IM PMC - PMC12550370 COIS- None. EDAT- 2025/09/24 13:02 MHDA- 2025/09/24 13:02 PMCR- 2025/07/01 CRDT- 2025/09/24 11:22 PHST- 2025/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/24 13:02 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/24 13:02 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/24 11:22 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_1178_2025 [pii] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_1178_2025 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Med Res. 2025 Jul;162(1):124. doi: 10.25259/IJMR_1178_2025. PMID- 40977400 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20250922 LR - 20250926 IS - 2056-4724 (Print) IS - 2056-4724 (Electronic) IS - 2056-4724 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 5 DP - 2025 Sep 22 TI - Short-term risk of psychiatric adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination: nationwide self-controlled case series study. PG - e218 LID - 10.1192/bjo.2025.10803 [doi] LID - e218 AB - BACKGROUND: To date, little is known about the evidence of a potential risk of psychiatric adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination in large populations with adequate study design. AIMS: To investigate whether COVID-19 vaccination is associated with increased risk of psychiatric adverse events. METHOD: We used South Korea's linkage database to obtain registry data and claims data from 2019 to 2021, and conducted a population-based self-controlled case series study including 11 751 806 individuals. Primary outcomes included anxiety/nervousness, mood disorders, perceptual disturbances/psychoses, aggression/behavioural disturbances, cognitive impairments and sleep disorders within 21 days of COVID-19 vaccination. Secondary outcomes were the stratified primary outcomes according to each individual's psychiatric history. Conditional Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: COVID-19 vaccination did not increase the rate of anxiety and nervousness (adjusted IRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.95-0.96), mood disorders (adjusted IRR 0.75, 95% CI 0.75-0.76), perceptual disturbances and psychoses (adjusted IRR 0.72, 95% CI 0.70-0.74), aggression and behavioural disturbances (adjusted IRR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.97), cognitive impairment (adjusted IRR 0.68, 95% CI 0.67-0.69) or sleep disorders (adjusted IRR 0.90, 95% CI 0.89-0.91). Secondary outcomes were consistent with the primary outcome, although the adjusted IRRs for anxiety and nervousness (adjusted IRR 1.17, 95% CI 1.15-1.18) and sleep disorders (adjusted IRR 1.07, 95% CI 1.06-1.09) were statistically significant in individuals with no history of psychiatric disorders. Sensitivity analyses showed consistent results with our main findings. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide short-term safety profiles for COVID-19 vaccines regarding psychiatric adverse events. Continuous monitoring of anxiety/nervousness or sleep disorders after COVID-19 vaccination is required regardless of history of psychiatric comorbidities. FAU - Lee, Hyesung AU - Lee H AD - Department of Medical Informatics, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea. AD - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Bin AU - Hong B AD - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Eun AU - Lee E AD - Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Jin Young AU - Park JY AD - Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea. AD - Center for Digital Health, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Jaehun AU - Jung J AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Institute on Aging, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Woo Jung AU - Kim WJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4963-4819 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea. AD - Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Ju-Young AU - Shin JY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1010-7525 AD - Department of Medical Informatics, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. AD - Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250922 PL - England TA - BJPsych Open JT - BJPsych open JID - 101667931 PMC - PMC12458088 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - psychiatric adverse events OT - self-controlled case series COIS- J.-Y.S. received grants from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, the National Research Foundation of Korea and pharmaceutical companies, including Pfizer, Yuhan Corporation and the UCB Korea. No other relationships or activities have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2025/09/22 06:31 MHDA- 2025/09/22 06:32 PMCR- 2025/09/22 CRDT- 2025/09/22 05:05 PHST- 2025/09/22 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/22 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/22 05:05 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S205647242510803X [pii] AID - 10.1192/bjo.2025.10803 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BJPsych Open. 2025 Sep 22;11(5):e218. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2025.10803. PMID- 40969767 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250919 LR - 20250921 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - The impact of mycobacteria-induced trained immunity on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses. PG - 1633977 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1633977 [doi] LID - 1633977 AB - INTRODUCTION: Beyond the role of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for tuberculosis prevention, BCG has demonstrated heterologous protective effects. The global health crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus led to research on whether BCG-induced trained immunity could strengthen antiviral defenses. However, studies reported quite different results on its effect against COVID-19. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we evaluated the impact of pre-existing trained immunity induced by a BCG-derived Mycobacterium bovis strain (dpB), in both live and inactivated forms, in combination with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination prior to challenge in a mouse model. While the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was enough for protection in morbidity and mortality terms, its combination with live dpB significantly enhanced immune responses reflected in higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced pulmonary viral loads, and improved histopathological outcomes. Additionally, the formation of inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) in lungs in vaccinated animals pre-exposed to live dpB points to a potential mechanism for long-term immune surveillance in the respiratory tract. CONCLUSIONS: These immunological findings highlight the potential benefits of integrating trained immunity inducers with pathogen-specific vaccines to enhance immune responses and protection. Further research is needed to optimize immunomodulation strategies, dosing regimens and administration routes to maximize these synergistic effects and prevent potential negative effects. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Sanchez-Morales, Porras, Perez-Domingo, Perez-Sancho, Garcia-Seco, Diaz-Frutos, Buendia, Moreno, Zamora, Balseiro, Risalde, Rodriguez-Bertos, Gortazar, Dominguez and Dominguez. FAU - Sanchez-Morales, Lidia AU - Sanchez-Morales L AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Porras, Nestor AU - Porras N AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Perez-Domingo, Andrea AU - Perez-Domingo A AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Perez-Sancho, Marta AU - Perez-Sancho M AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Seco, Teresa AU - Garcia-Seco T AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Diaz-Frutos, Marta AU - Diaz-Frutos M AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Buendia, Aranzazu AU - Buendia A AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Moreno, Inmaculada AU - Moreno I AD - Immunology Unit, National Microbiology Centre, Carlos III Health Institute, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Zamora, Leydis AU - Zamora L AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Balseiro, Ana AU - Balseiro A AD - Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leon, Leon, Spain. AD - Instituto de Ganaderia de Montana (IGM, CSIC-ULE), Leon, Spain. FAU - Risalde, M A AU - Risalde MA AD - Department of Comparative Anatomy and Pathology and Toxicology, Animal Health and Zoonosis Research Group (GISAZ), UIC Zoonosis and Emerging Diseases (ENZOEM), University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Rodriguez-Bertos, Antonio AU - Rodriguez-Bertos A AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gortazar, Christian AU - Gortazar C AD - SaBio Instituto de Investigacion en Recursos Cinegeticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain. FAU - Dominguez, Mercedes AU - Dominguez M AD - Immunology Unit, National Microbiology Centre, Carlos III Health Institute, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Dominguez, Lucas AU - Dominguez L AD - VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250903 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BCG Vaccine) RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *BCG Vaccine/immunology MH - *Mycobacterium bovis/immunology MH - Female MH - Cytokines/immunology MH - Lung/immunology/virology/pathology MH - Humans MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Viral Load MH - Trained Immunity PMC - PMC12441830 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccine OT - adaptative immunity OT - innate memory OT - mycobacteria OT - trained immunity COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/09/19 06:33 MHDA- 2025/09/19 06:34 PMCR- 2025/09/03 CRDT- 2025/09/19 05:06 PHST- 2025/05/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/19 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/19 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/19 05:06 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1633977 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Sep 3;16:1633977. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1633977. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40952641 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251114 LR - 20261010 IS - 1538-2443 (Electronic) IS - 1355-0284 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 5 DP - 2025 Oct TI - Cognitive and vascular (dys)function after COVID-19. PG - 450-461 LID - 10.1007/s13365-025-01276-5 [doi] AB - COVID-19 is a systemic infection that causes endothelial dysfunction, contributing to severe cases. While vascular complications are well-documented, their impact on vascular structure, function, and cognition remains unclear. This cross-sectional study explored vascular and cognitive differences across patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, examining correlations between global cognitive performance and vascular parameters. This study included 83 working-age patients (30-65 years, both sexes) who recovered from COVID-19 within 6-12 months. They were grouped by severity: mild (outpatients, no oxygen support), moderate (hospitalized, conventional oxygen therapy), and severe (hospitalized, advanced oxygen therapy). Exclusions included pre-existing cognitive or neurological conditions, significant atherosclerosis, malignancies, and prior COVID-19 vaccination. Global cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test, while vascular parameters - carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), beta stiffness index (beta index), mean flow velocity (MVs), maximum velocity after breath-holding (MV-BH), and breath-holding index (BHI) - were evaluated using duplex ultrasound and transcranial Doppler. Patients with severe COVID-19 had the highest carotid stiffness and poorest cerebrovascular reactivity. While MoCA scores showed no significant group differences, 23-40% had mild cognitive impairment. MoCA scores negatively correlated with beta index in mild group (rho=--0.453; p = 0.034), while MVs positively correlated with MoCA in severe cases (rho = 0.414; p = 0.028). The association between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment in mild cases, suggests lasting effects of SARS-CoV-2 rather than pre-existing conditions. These findings highlight carotid stiffness as a key factor in post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment, emphasizing early risk identification for timely intervention. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Journal of NeuroVirology, Inc. FAU - Ilic, Aleksandra D AU - Ilic AD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1900-3733 AD - Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. aleksandra.dj.ilic@mf.uns.ac.rs. AD - Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. aleksandra.dj.ilic@mf.uns.ac.rs. FAU - Galic, Vladimir AU - Galic V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3961-1792 AD - Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. AD - Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. FAU - Ignjatovic, Vojislava Bugarski AU - Ignjatovic VB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9742-6512 AD - Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. AD - Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. FAU - Nikolasevic, Zeljka AU - Nikolasevic Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0229-1887 AD - Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. FAU - Vlahovic, Dmitar AU - Vlahovic D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0198-0111 AD - Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. AD - Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. FAU - Knezovic, Goran AU - Knezovic G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3454-8192 AD - Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. AD - Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. FAU - Boban, Jasmina AU - Boban J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9701-5484 AD - Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. AD - Center for Imaging Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia. FAU - Kozic, Dusko AU - Kozic D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6007-7072 AD - Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. AD - Center for Imaging Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia. FAU - Zivanovic, Zeljko AU - Zivanovic Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5414-8623 AD - Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. AD - Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. LA - eng GR - 142-451-3523/2023-01/Provincial Secretariat for Higher Education and Scientific Research, Autonomous Province of Vojvodina/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250915 PL - United States TA - J Neurovirol JT - Journal of neurovirology JID - 9508123 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/complications/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging/virology MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Carotid Intima-Media Thickness MH - Vascular Stiffness/physiology MH - SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/physiopathology/virology/diagnostic imaging/etiology MH - Cognition MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breath holding index OT - Carotid stiffness OT - Cerebrovascular reactivity OT - Cognition OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Beta index COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Clinical Center of Vojvodina (approval number 00-421/2020). All procedures performed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with 1964. Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Consent to participate: Informed written consent was obtained from all participants included in the study. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Data sharing statement: The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Clinical trial number: Not applicable. EDAT- 2025/09/15 12:35 MHDA- 2025/11/14 12:31 CRDT- 2025/09/15 11:23 PHST- 2025/04/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/14 12:31 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/15 12:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/15 11:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s13365-025-01276-5 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s13365-025-01276-5 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurovirol. 2025 Oct;31(5):450-461. doi: 10.1007/s13365-025-01276-5. Epub 2025 Sep 15. PMID- 40944962 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250916 LR - 20260325 IS - 1099-1654 (Electronic) IS - 1052-9276 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 5 DP - 2025 Sep TI - Post-COVID-19 Vaccination (or Long Vax) Syndrome: Putative Manifestation, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Options. PG - e70070 LID - 10.1002/rmv.70070 [doi] AB - With the global rollout of COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine safety remains a priority. Emerging concerns have raised the potential risk of a long COVID-like syndrome following vaccination, informally called long Vax and provisionally termed post-COVID-19 vaccination syndrome (PCVS). Our narrative review describes the putative manifestation, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches of PCVS based on the available evidence, mostly from case reports/series and observational studies. Our review noted that PCVS typically manifests within days to weeks post-vaccination, with symptoms lasting months to years. PCVS may present as recognized diagnoses such as postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), small-fibre neuropathy (SFN), myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), or as long-term sequelae of myocarditis, vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopaenia (VITT), or immune thrombocytopaenia purpura (ITP). Symptomatically, PCVS overlaps with long COVID, such as fatigue and brain fog, but PCVS may involve more frequent paraesthesia and less dyspnoea. We also review pathophysiological hypotheses of PCVS, focussing on the vaccine-derived spike protein and related immune responses. Finally, we discuss potential therapies used to treat patients with PCVS or related conditions, primarily documented in case reports/series, which could guide future clinical research. Overall, PCVS remains a poorly understood condition that requires more research to elucidate its prevalence, prognosis, risk factors, and treatments. CI - (c) 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Yong, Shin Jie AU - Yong SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9752-8386 AD - School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia. FAU - Kenny, Tiff-Annie AU - Kenny TA AD - Departement de medecine sociale et preventive, Faculte de medecine de l'universite Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. AD - Centre de recherche du CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Halim, Alice AU - Halim A AD - Royal Bolton Hospital, Bolton NHS Foundation Trust, Bolton, UK. FAU - Munipalli, Bala AU - Munipalli B AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA. FAU - Alhashem, Yousef N AU - Alhashem YN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4435-3003 AD - Clinical Laboratory Science Department, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlSaihati, Hajir AU - AlSaihati H AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al-Subaie, Maha F AU - Al-Subaie MF AD - Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al Kaabi, Nawal A AU - Al Kaabi NA AD - College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE. AD - Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company, Abu Dhabi, UAE. FAU - Al Fares, Mona A AU - Al Fares MA AD - Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Garout, Mohammed AU - Garout M AD - Department of Community Medicine and Health Care for Pilgrims, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Sabour, Amal A AU - Sabour AA AD - Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshiekheid, Maha A AU - Alshiekheid MA AD - Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Almansour, Zainab H AU - Almansour ZH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0227-6863 AD - Biological Science Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alotaibi, Jawaher AU - Alotaibi J AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alrasheed, Hayam A AU - Alrasheed HA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-6186-848X AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alamri, Aref A AU - Alamri AA AD - Molecular Microbiology and Cytogenetics Department, Riyadh Regional Laboratory, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Albayat, Hawra AU - Albayat H AD - Infectious Disease Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alamodi, Ameera Saeed AU - Alamodi AS AD - Department of Pharmacy, Mental Health Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Tombuloglu, Huseyin AU - Tombuloglu H AD - Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Mohapatra, Ranjan K AU - Mohapatra RK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7623-3343 AD - Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, India. FAU - Hazazi, Ali AU - Hazazi A AD - College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Rabaan, Ali A AU - Rabaan AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6774-9847 AD - College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Rev Med Virol JT - Reviews in medical virology JID - 9112448 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *Vaccination/adverse effects MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic MH - Syndrome OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - mRNA vaccine OT - post-COVID-19 vaccination syndrome OT - spike protein OT - vaccine safety EDAT- 2025/09/13 18:29 MHDA- 2025/09/16 06:36 CRDT- 2025/09/13 14:52 PHST- 2025/07/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/16 06:36 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/13 18:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/13 14:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/rmv.70070 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rev Med Virol. 2025 Sep;35(5):e70070. doi: 10.1002/rmv.70070. PMID- 40933864 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20250915 LR - 20250915 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 48 DP - 2025 Oct TI - Neurocognitive trajectories in long COVID: Evidence from longitudinal analyses. PG - 101093 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.101093 [doi] LID - 101093 AB - BACKGROUND: Patients frequently report symptoms of cognitive impairment or "brain fog" after acute COVID-19 infection, but the trajectory of these symptoms over time has yet to be determined. We assessed cognitive function over a 42-month period after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and identified factors associated with the trajectory of cognitive function over this period. METHODS: We analyzed data from participants in the Mount Sinai Health System Post-COVID-19 Registry in New York City, a prospective cohort study of adults followed after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection of any severity. Participants were identified from a list of all patients with COVID-19 who received care at an MSHS facility in New York, recruited beginning April 2020 and followed through January 2024. Cognition was assessed using well-validated in-person measures of attention, working memory, processing speed, executive functioning, language, and memory. We used linear mixed models to investigate the relationships between cognitive scores and time. We also assessed factors (including race, ethnicity, site of acute COVID-19 care, fatigue, depression, anxiety, body mass index, medical comorbidities, and COVID-19 vaccination) that may influence changes in cognitive scores over time. FINDINGS: We analyzed data from 1553 participants (median age 53 years, 63 % female, 17 % Black, 21 % Hispanic). In adjusted analyses, scores from cognitive measures of attention, working memory, processing speed, executive functions, and verbal learning and memory improved progressively through 42 months post-COVID. However, despite the improvements, on average, measures of processing speed and executive functioning remained >/=1 standard deviation below the normative mean. Having a body mass index of <25 kg/m(2) was predictive of a greater improvement in cognitive scores. INTERPRETATION: While cognitive impairment occurring after COVID-19 improved over time in most domains, processing speed and executive functioning remained below the normal range. The cognitive health burden of Long COVID is therefore significant and lasting. Future studies should examine interventions to support rapid recovery, as well as dynamic risk prediction models to determine factors that may impact cognitive recovery longer term. CI - (c) 2025 The Authors. FAU - Becker, Jacqueline H AU - Becker JH AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. FAU - Li, Jia AU - Li J AD - Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. FAU - Lin, Jenny J AU - Lin JJ AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. FAU - Federman, Alex AU - Federman A AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. FAU - Bagiella, Emilia AU - Bagiella E AD - Center for Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Science & Policy, Icahn school of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. FAU - Kale, Minal S AU - Kale MS AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. FAU - Fierer, Daniel AU - Fierer D AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. FAU - Bartram, Logan AU - Bartram L AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. FAU - Wisnivesky, Juan P AU - Wisnivesky JP AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. AD - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250819 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC12419117 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognitive impairment OT - Long COVID COIS- JPW has received consulting honorarium from 10.13039/100004339Sanofi, 10.13039/100009457American Medical Association, BionTech, Banook and PPD research grants from 10.13039/100004339Sanofi, 10.13039/100009857Regeneron and Axella. Other authors report no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/09/11 18:29 MHDA- 2025/09/11 18:30 PMCR- 2025/08/19 CRDT- 2025/09/11 12:44 PHST- 2025/05/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/11 18:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/11 18:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/11 12:44 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(25)00151-6 [pii] AID - 101093 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.101093 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2025 Aug 19;48:101093. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.101093. eCollection 2025 Oct. PMID- 40910738 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250905 LR - 20260904 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Correlation between the immune response to COVID-19 vaccines and the constitutions of traditional Chinese medicine. PG - 2553371 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2025.2553371 [doi] LID - 2553371 AB - Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) classifies individuals into constitution types that may influence physiological responses. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines induce spike-specific antibodies and activate B and T cells, including memory subsets. This study investigates whether TCM constitution types are associated with immune responses and adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination. From March 2021 to December 2023, 78 adults received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine, including AstraZeneca, Moderna, MVC-COV1901, and Pfizer-BioNTech. PBMCs were collected before and after vaccination. Immune parameters-cytokines, antibody titers, dendritic cells (DCs), T cells, B cells, and memory T cell subsets-were measured. TCM constitution scores were determined using the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ) before vaccination. Adverse reactions were recorded through structured surveys, and correlations between constitution scores and adverse events were analyzed using the Pearson correlation. Pre-vaccination TNF-alpha was negatively correlated with the gentleness constitution and positively with the qi-deficiency. DCs increased post-vaccination in individuals with qi-deficiency, phlegm-dampness, qi-depression, yin-deficiency, dampness-heat, and special diathesis constitutions. T cell proportions increased in yin-deficiency, dampness-heat, and special diathesis groups. Dampness-heat scores were negatively correlated with central memory T cell (Tcm) induction. No significant correlations were found between constitution types and antibody levels or neutralization. Adverse reactions were more frequent in individuals with phlegm-dampness, qi-depression, and blood-stasis constitutions, and less frequent in those with a gentleness constitution. TCM constitutions correlate with cellular immune responses and adverse reaction profiles, but not antibody production, after COVID-19 vaccination. This supports integrating TCM constitution frameworks into personalized vaccine prediction. FAU - Chen, Ping AU - Chen P AD - School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. FAU - Yen, Hung-Rong AU - Yen HR AD - School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. FAU - Lee, Hui-Ju AU - Lee HJ AD - Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. FAU - Wu, Mei-Yao AU - Wu MY AD - Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. FAU - Park, Kyungmo AU - Park K AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea. FAU - Song, Ying-Chyi AU - Song YC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0279-4652 AD - Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250905 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Cytokines/immunology MH - Dendritic Cells/immunology PMC - PMC12416171 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - adverse reaction OT - memory T-cell OT - spike antibody OT - traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutions COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2025/09/05 12:40 MHDA- 2025/09/05 12:41 PMCR- 2025/09/05 CRDT- 2025/09/05 08:42 PHST- 2025/09/05 12:41 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/05 12:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/05 08:42 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2553371 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2025.2553371 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2025 Dec;21(1):2553371. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2553371. Epub 2025 Sep 5. PMID- 40883696 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260626 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Aug 30 TI - Long COVID-19: a Four-Year prospective cohort study of risk factors, recovery, and quality of life. PG - 1082 LID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11468-3 [doi] LID - 1082 AB - PURPOSE: Long COVID-19 is a growing public health concern, but its long-term burden and predictors remain underexplored, particularly in underrepresented populations. METHODS: This four-year prospective cohort study was conducted in Saudi Arabia, enrolling adults with confirmed acute COVID-19 from multiple affiliated healthcare centers between March 2020 and March 2024. Of 1,521 screened patients, 816 were enrolled and followed for up to four years (median: 24 months). Per WHO criteria, participants were classified as having long COVID-19 (n = 238) or resolved infection (n = 578). Demographics, comorbidities, vaccination, reinfection, and acute illness severity were recorded. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed using SF-36 and EQ-5D-5 L. Logistic regression identified predictors of long COVID-19, and Cox proportional hazards models evaluated time to recovery. RESULTS: Fatigue (57.1%), post-exertional malaise (45.8%), cough (41.2%), and cognitive dysfunction (30.7%) were the most common persistent symptoms. Female sex (adjusted OR 11.11; 95% CI: 4.48-26.24) and diabetes mellitus (adjusted OR 14.3; 95% CI: 7.0-29.4) independently predicted long COVID-19. Delayed recovery was associated with female sex (aHR 3.36; 95% CI: 1.85-6.10), diabetes (aHR 1.57; 95% CI: 1.00-2.46), reinfection (aHR 1.86; 95% CI: 1.05-3.29), and hospitalization (aHR 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01-1.16). HRQoL scores remained significantly lower at 6 and 12 months. In the long COVID-19 group, 38.7% of patients normally resumed work within 12 months, compared to 82.3% in the resolved COVID-19 group. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly 29% of post-acute COVID-19 patients developed long COVID-19 in this Middle Eastern cohort. Female sex, diabetes, reinfection, and hospitalization predicted delayed recovery. Persistent symptoms and impaired HRQoL highlight the need for early risk stratification and structured post-COVID care. FAU - Kamal, Sanaa M AU - Kamal SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2052-7956 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Prince Sattam Abdulaziz University College of Medicine, Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. s.kamal@psau.edu.sa. AD - Department of Family Medicine, King Saud Medical City Academy, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. s.kamal@psau.edu.sa. FAU - Al Qahtani, Mohammed S AU - Al Qahtani MS AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Prince Sattam Abdulaziz University College of Medicine, Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al Aseeri, Ali AU - Al Aseeri A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Prince Sattam Abdulaziz University College of Medicine, Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Naghib, Mohey El Deen Mohamed AU - Naghib MEDM AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Prince Sattam Abdulaziz University College of Medicine, Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al Mazroua, Adul Majeed Mazroua AU - Al Mazroua AMM AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Prince Sattam Abdulaziz University College of Medicine, Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshamrani, Abdulaziz M M AU - Alshamrani AMM AD - Department of Neurosurgery, King Khalid Hospital, Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al Mazroua, Mohamed Mazroua AU - Al Mazroua MM AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Prince Sattam Abdulaziz University College of Medicine, Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlHarbi, Faisal S F AU - AlHarbi FSF AD - Department of Family Medicine, King Saud Medical City Academy, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250830 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Quality of Life MH - Female MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Risk Factors MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Aged PMC - PMC12398010 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diabetes OT - Long COVID-19 OT - Middle east OT - Post-COVID condition OT - Prospective cohort OT - Quality of life OT - Reinfection COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University (approval number: SCBR-102/2021). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrollment. The study was conducted following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. Consent for publication: All authors participated in conducting the study and preparing the manuscript. All authors approved the publication of the study in BMC Infectious Diseases. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/08/31 04:45 MHDA- 2026/06/27 04:10 PMCR- 2025/08/30 CRDT- 2025/08/29 23:40 PHST- 2025/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 04:10 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/31 04:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/29 23:40 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11468-3 [pii] AID - 11468 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11468-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Aug 30;25(1):1082. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11468-3. PMID- 40883541 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250829 LR - 20250901 IS - 2399-3642 (Electronic) IS - 2399-3642 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Aug 29 TI - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy enhances offspring hippocampal neurogenesis and working memory via IFN-gamma-responsive microglia. PG - 1307 LID - 10.1038/s42003-025-08691-8 [doi] LID - 1307 AB - In the face of severe outcomes from COVID-19, vaccines have proven immunogenic and safe and are strongly recommended during pregnancy. This study examines the effects of maternal COVID-19 vaccination on physical development, behavior, and neurogenesis in mouse offspring. After inoculation with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero Cell) at gestational day 14.5, antibodies were detected in the serum of dams and pups. At one month of age, offspring of vaccinated dams-but not controls-showed enhanced working memory, increased neural proliferation, neuroblast formation, stem cell activity, and more mature neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG). Luminex assay showed elevated hippocampal IFN-gamma and CX3CL1, both linked to neurogenesis and memory. Conditional knockout experiments identified microglial IFNgammaR1 and CX3CR1 as key mediators of neuronal development through regulating microglial activation and chemotaxis. These findings suggest maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination transiently enhances hippocampal neurogenesis and working memory in offspring, without causing neurodevelopmental risk. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Tang, Jiaoling AU - Tang J AD - Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Qi, Fangfang AU - Qi F AD - Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. qi.fangfang@mayo.edu. AD - Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. qi.fangfang@mayo.edu. FAU - Zou, Juntao AU - Zou J AD - Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Hao AU - Liu H AD - Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zuo, Zejie AU - Zuo Z AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Lingxiao AU - Wang L AD - Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. AD - Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Wang, Na AU - Wang N AD - Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Li, Zhihui AU - Li Z AD - Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Kumar, Ashutosh AU - Kumar A AD - Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, India. AD - Etiologically Elusive Disorders Research Network (EEDRN), New Delhi, India. FAU - Guo, Kaihua AU - Guo K AD - Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. guokh@mail.sysu.edu.cn. FAU - Hu, Dandan AU - Hu D AD - Children's Health Section, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. guohdd@126.com. FAU - Yao, Zhibin AU - Yao Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1613-9157 AD - Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. yao.zb@163.com. LA - eng GR - 82271473;81971021/National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250829 PL - England TA - Commun Biol JT - Communications biology JID - 101719179 RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Interferon gamma Receptor) RN - 0 (Receptors, Interferon) RN - 0 (CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1) RN - 0 (Cx3cr1 protein, mouse) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Neurogenesis/drug effects MH - Female MH - *Microglia/immunology/metabolism MH - Pregnancy MH - *Hippocampus/immunology MH - Mice MH - *Memory, Short-Term/drug effects MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *Interferon-gamma/metabolism MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Vaccination MH - Interferon gamma Receptor MH - Receptors, Interferon/genetics/metabolism MH - CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/genetics/metabolism MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Male MH - Mice, Knockout PMC - PMC12397237 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/08/31 04:45 MHDA- 2025/08/31 04:46 PMCR- 2025/08/29 CRDT- 2025/08/29 23:34 PHST- 2024/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/31 04:46 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/31 04:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/29 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s42003-025-08691-8 [pii] AID - 8691 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s42003-025-08691-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Commun Biol. 2025 Aug 29;8(1):1307. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08691-8. PMID- 40884220 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260114 LR - 20260622 IS - 1460-2377 (Electronic) IS - 0953-8178 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan 14 TI - The role of IL-4+ memory T cells in SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination. PG - 41-55 LID - 10.1093/intimm/dxaf051 [doi] AB - Vaccines effectively stimulate protective immune responses in healthy individuals, but the precise roles of germinal center (GC) and follicular helper T (TFH) cells in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine responses are not fully understood. This study used a conditional loss-of-function mouse model to investigate antibody responses to the Wuhan spike protein, specifically eliminating newly developed TFH cells during either the primary or memory phase. Our findings demonstrated that TFH-mediated GC responses are essential for primary vaccination. However, after booster immunization, memory B-cell responses were effectively regulated through extrafollicular mechanisms, independent of TFH cells. Ablating IL-4 receptor signaling in B cells attenuated antibody production in both the primary and memory phases, highlighting the critical role of IL-4 for optimal humoral immunity. We identified a unique population of IL-4-expressing memory T (IL-4+Tm) cells, characterized by CD27, GATA3, and IRF4 expression, that is strongly associated with these extrafollicular memory B-cell responses, capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 variants. Furthermore, Omicron-based booster immunization recovered the immunity against emerging variants under TFH-deficient conditions. These results suggest that IL-4+Tm cells are an alternative pathway to sustain memory responses when GC function is impaired, particularly in immunocompromised states. Our study advances the understanding of memory T-cell-mediated humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2, offering insights for future vaccine strategies. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Society for Immunology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Khalil, Jumana AU - Khalil J AD - Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan. AD - Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. FAU - Miyauchi, Kosuke AU - Miyauchi K AD - Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. AD - Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. FAU - Suzuki, Yoshie AU - Suzuki Y AD - Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. FAU - Ki, Sewon AU - Ki S AD - Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. FAU - Harada, Yasuyo AU - Harada Y AD - Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Sasaki, Takanori AU - Sasaki T AD - Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan. AD - Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Yamamoto, Yuichiro AU - Yamamoto Y AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Hashimoto, Rina AU - Hashimoto R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7174-4563 AD - Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Yamamoto, Takako AU - Yamamoto T AD - Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. FAU - Matsuda, Masashi AU - Matsuda M AD - Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. FAU - Koseki, Haruhiko AU - Koseki H AD - Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. FAU - Nakayama, Manabu AU - Nakayama M AD - Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Department of Frontier Research and Development, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Japan. FAU - Fukasawa, Masayoshi AU - Fukasawa M AD - National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Wakita, Takaji AU - Wakita T AD - National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Ueno, Hideki AU - Ueno H AD - Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. AD - Kyoto University Immunomonitoring Center (KIC) Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyou-ku, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan. FAU - Noguchi, Kohji AU - Noguchi K AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Takayama, Kazuo AU - Takayama K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1132-2457 AD - Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Department of Synthetic Human Body System, Medical Research Institute, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Kubo, Masato AU - Kubo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7867-3086 AD - Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan. AD - Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. AD - Kyoto University Immunomonitoring Center (KIC) Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyou-ku, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan. LA - eng GR - 19gm1310002/AMED-CREST/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Int Immunol JT - International immunology JID - 8916182 RN - 207137-56-2 (Interleukin-4) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Il4 protein, mouse) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - *Interleukin-4/immunology/metabolism MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Germinal Center/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Vaccination MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - IL-4 signal OT - germinal center OT - mRNA vaccine OT - virus immunity EDAT- 2025/08/30 08:45 MHDA- 2026/01/18 20:59 CRDT- 2025/08/30 05:12 PHST- 2025/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/18 20:59 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/30 08:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/30 05:12 [entrez] AID - 8244489 [pii] AID - 10.1093/intimm/dxaf051 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Immunol. 2026 Jan 14;38(1):41-55. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxaf051. PMID- 40882689 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260708 IS - 1521-7035 (Electronic) IS - 1521-6616 (Linking) VI - 281 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Structural and functional characteristics of local immune memory formation in SARS-CoV-2-infected cynomolgus macaques. PG - 110589 LID - S1521-6616(25)00164-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clim.2025.110589 [doi] AB - As the primary interface with the environment, the lungs require a robust local immune defense against pathogens. In a non-human primate model of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, we used scRNA-seq, spatial transcriptomics, and immunoassays to investigate localized immune memory. Our results demonstrated established adaptive responses in lung tissue and medLNs, with significant activation of tissue-resident T cells and GC (germinal center) B cells. Inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) formed a functional tertiary lymphoid structure, suggesting potential involvement in local immune responses. These findings highlight the pivotal role of local immunity in preventing re-infection and can facilitate targeted mucosal vaccine development. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kim, Dong-Yeon AU - Kim DY AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Green AU - Kim G AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Taehwan AU - Oh T AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea. FAU - Woo, YoungMin AU - Woo Y AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea; KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST); Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Koo, Bon-Sang AU - Koo BS AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea; KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST); Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Baek, Seung Ho AU - Baek SH AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hwang, Eun-Ha AU - Hwang EH AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea. FAU - Min, Gukhui AU - Min G AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea; KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST); Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - An, You Jung AU - An YJ AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea. FAU - Won, Jinyoung AU - Won J AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Youngjeon AU - Lee Y AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lim, Kyung Seob AU - Lim KS AD - Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Yujin AU - Kim Y AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ryu, Choong-Min AU - Ryu CM AD - KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST); Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine, University of California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, United States of America. FAU - Nizet, Victor AU - Nizet V AD - Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine, University of California San Diego; La Jolla, CA, United States of America. FAU - Hong, Jung Joo AU - Hong JJ AD - National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea; KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST); Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hong75@kribb.re.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250827 PL - United States TA - Clin Immunol JT - Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) JID - 100883537 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Macaca fascicularis MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - *Lung/immunology/virology/pathology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - Lymph Nodes/immunology MH - Lymphoid Tissue/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Bronchi/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Local immunity OT - Lung OT - Mediastinal lymph node OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Tissue-resident-memory cells OT - iBALT COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/08/30 00:44 MHDA- 2026/07/08 16:09 CRDT- 2025/08/29 19:10 PHST- 2025/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 16:09 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/30 00:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/29 19:10 [entrez] AID - S1521-6616(25)00164-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clim.2025.110589 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Immunol. 2025 Dec;281:110589. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2025.110589. Epub 2025 Aug 27. PMID- 40881041 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20250915 LR - 20250915 IS - 2632-6140 (Electronic) IS - 2632-6140 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 2 DP - 2025 TI - Altered amyloid plasma profile in patients with disabling headaches after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. PG - e001013 LID - 10.1136/bmjno-2024-001013 [doi] LID - e001013 AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Persistent headache has emerged as a symptom following acute COVID-19 and, to a lesser extent, after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate plasma levels of amyloid-related biomarkers in patients experiencing persistent headaches after COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. METHODS: In this prospective observational cohort, patients presenting with severe headache as the dominating symptom after COVID-19 (n=29) or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (n=31) had neurological assessments with reassessments after 6 months. Plasma levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP), pregnancy zone protein (PZP), cathepsin L1 (CTSL) and serum Amyloid A (SAA1) were measured using ELISA and compared with levels in healthy controls (n=16). RESULTS: We found a strong and persistent upregulation of APP in patients with headache after COVID-19 as compared with the two other groups. Notably, APP levels remained elevated at both inclusion and after 6 months in individuals with accompanying cognitive symptoms. In contrast, PZP levels were increased in patients with headache after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination at both time points relative to healthy controls. CTSL was only elevated in the post-COVID-19 at baseline, whereas SAA1 showed levels comparable across all groups. CONCLUSION: Altered plasma levels of soluble markers, potentially reflecting changes in amyloid processing, were found in patients with persistent headache following SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, particularly in those with persistent headache after COVID-19. In the latter group, we also found some association with cognitive symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT04576351 and NCT05235776. CI - Copyright (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Aamodt, Anne Hege AU - Aamodt AH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2824-2760 AD - Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - Neuroscience and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. FAU - Ueland, Thor AU - Ueland T AD - Research Institute of Internal Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - Thrombosis Research Center (TREC), Division of internal medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway. FAU - Boldingh, Marion AU - Boldingh M AD - Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Bezgal, Burcu Ella AU - Bezgal BE AD - Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Argren, Maria Bengtson AU - Argren MB AD - Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Dunne, Cecilia Adele AU - Dunne CA AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Otterdal, Kari AU - Otterdal K AD - Neurology, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Gregersen, Ida AU - Gregersen I AD - Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Bjerkeli, Vigdis AU - Bjerkeli V AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. AD - Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Michelsen, Annika Elisabet AU - Michelsen AE AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. AD - Neurology, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Husoy, Andreas AU - Husoy A AD - Neuroscience and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. AD - Department of Neurology, St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital Neurology Clinic, Trondheim, Norway. FAU - Morsund, Ase Hagen AU - Morsund AH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4890-9654 AD - Department of Neurology, Helse More og Romsdal HF, Alesund, Norway. FAU - Devik, Kristina AU - Devik K AD - Neurology, Namsos Hospital, Namsos, Norway. AD - Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Trondheim, Norway. FAU - Poole, Anne Christine AU - Poole AC AD - Oslo Headache Centre, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Gjendemsjo, Kristine Bodding AU - Gjendemsjo KB AD - Sandvika Neuro Centre, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Schluter, Katrin AU - Schluter K AD - Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. FAU - Mathisen, Sara Maria AU - Mathisen SM AD - Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. FAU - Aalstad-Johansen, Mari AU - Aalstad-Johansen M AD - Neurology, Sykehuset Innlandet HF Divisjon Lillehammer, Lillehammer, Norway. FAU - Skattor, Thor Hakon AU - Skattor TH AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. AD - Radiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Sonnervik, Julie AU - Sonnervik J AD - Hodeverket, Sandnes, Norway. FAU - Boye, Turid Birgitte AU - Boye TB AD - Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. AD - Unit Psychosomatic Medicine and CL Psychiatry, Oslo universitetssykehus, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Popperud, Trine Haug AU - Popperud TH AD - Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Hogestol, Einar August AU - Hogestol EA AD - Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Harbo, Hanne Flinstad AU - Harbo HF AD - Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Lund-Johansen, Fridtjof AU - Lund-Johansen F AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. AD - Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Aukrust, Pal AU - Aukrust P AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. AD - Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Tronvik, Erling AU - Tronvik E AD - Neuroscience and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. AD - Department of Neurology, St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital Neurology Clinic, Trondheim, Norway. FAU - Dahl, Tuva Borresdatter AU - Dahl TB AD - Neurology, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Halvorsen, Bente Evy AU - Halvorsen BE AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. AD - Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05235776 SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04576351 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250826 PL - England TA - BMJ Neurol Open JT - BMJ neurology open JID - 101775450 PMC - PMC12382501 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AMYLOID OT - COVID-19 OT - HEADACHE OT - MIGRAINE COIS- The authors report no disclosures relevant to this study. AHA has received honoraria for advice or lecturing from Pfizer Allergan, Teva, Novartis, Roche, Lundbeck and Teva and research grant from Boehringer Ingelheim. ACP: lecturing, advisory boards and/or clinical studies: AbbVie, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Novartis, Teva, Eli Lilly. EDAT- 2025/08/30 04:46 MHDA- 2025/08/30 04:47 PMCR- 2025/08/26 CRDT- 2025/08/29 14:20 PHST- 2024/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/30 04:47 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/30 04:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/29 14:20 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjno-2024-001013 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjno-2024-001013 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Neurol Open. 2025 Aug 26;7(2):e001013. doi: 10.1136/bmjno-2024-001013. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40872886 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20250915 LR - 20250915 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 8 DP - 2025 Jul 28 TI - Humoral and Memory B Cell Responses Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and mRNA Vaccination. LID - 10.3390/vaccines13080799 [doi] LID - 799 AB - BACKGROUND: Understanding the duration and quality of immune memory following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination is critical for informing public health strategies and vaccine development. While waning antibody levels have raised concerns about long-term protection, the persistence of memory B cells (MBCs) and T cells plays a vital role in sustaining immunity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal prospective study over 12 months, enrolling 285 participants in total, either after natural infection or vaccination with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. Peripheral blood samples were collected at four defined time points (baseline, 1-2 months, 6-7 months, and 12-13 months after vaccination or disease onset). Immune responses were assessed through serological assays quantifying anti-RBD IgG and neutralizing antibodies, B-ELISPOT, and multiparameter flow cytometry for S1-specific memory B cells. RESULTS: Both mRNA vaccines induced robust B cell and antibody responses, exceeding those observed after natural infection. Memory B cell frequencies peaked at 6 months and declined by 12 months, but remained above the baseline. The mRNA-1273 vaccine elicited stronger and more durable humoral and memory B-cell-mediated immunity compared to BNT162b2, likely influenced by its higher mRNA dose and longer prime-boost interval. Class-switched memory B cells and S1-specific B cells were significantly expanded in vaccine recipients. Natural infection induced more heterogeneous immune memory. CONCLUSIONS: Both mRNA vaccination and natural SARS-CoV-2 infection induce a comparable expansion of memory B cell subsets, reflecting a consistent pattern of humoral immune responses across all studied groups. These findings highlight the importance of vaccination in generating sustained immunological memory and suggest that the vaccine platform and dosage influence the magnitude and durability of immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. FAU - Bozhkova, Martina AU - Bozhkova M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4230-3299 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology-"Prof. Dr. Elissay Yanev", Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. AD - Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. FAU - Raycheva, Ralitsa AU - Raycheva R AD - Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. FAU - Petrov, Steliyan AU - Petrov S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0522-5682 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology-"Prof. Dr. Elissay Yanev", Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. AD - Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. FAU - Dudova, Dobrina AU - Dudova D AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology-"Prof. Dr. Elissay Yanev", Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. AD - Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. FAU - Kalfova, Teodora AU - Kalfova T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6395-4109 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology-"Prof. Dr. Elissay Yanev", Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. AD - Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. FAU - Murdjeva, Marianna AU - Murdjeva M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology-"Prof. Dr. Elissay Yanev", Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. AD - Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. FAU - Taskov, Hristo AU - Taskov H AD - Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria. FAU - Shivarov, Velizar AU - Shivarov V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5362-7999 AD - Department of Experimental Research, Medical University-Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria. LA - eng GR - capital KA, Cyrilliccapital PE, Cyrillic-06-capital EN, Cyrillic53/1/Duration of immunological memory after vaccination against COVID-19 - cellular and humoral immunity defined by memory T and B cell subsets/ GR - SRIPD-MUP/Strategic Research and Innovation Program for the Development of MU - PLOVDIV-(SRIPD-MUP) ", Creation of a network of research higher schools, National plan for recovery and sustainability, financed by the European Union - NextGenerationEU./ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250728 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC12390443 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell memory OT - BNT162b2 OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antigen-specific B cells OT - humoral immune response OT - mRNA-1273 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/08/30 04:50 MHDA- 2025/08/30 04:51 PMCR- 2025/07/28 CRDT- 2025/08/28 01:26 PHST- 2025/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/30 04:51 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/30 04:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/28 01:26 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines13080799 [pii] AID - vaccines-13-00799 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines13080799 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Jul 28;13(8):799. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13080799. PMID- 40867400 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20250914 LR - 20250914 IS - 2076-328X (Print) IS - 2076-328X (Electronic) IS - 2076-328X (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 8 DP - 2025 Aug 1 TI - Cognitive-Affective Dynamics of Political Attitude Polarization: EEG-Based Behavioral Evidence from a COVID-19 Vaccine Mandate Task. LID - 10.3390/bs15081043 [doi] LID - 1043 AB - Political polarization in policy evaluations arises from identity-driven cognitive-affective dynamics, yet the neural mechanisms underlying the real-time processing of policy texts remain unexplored. This study bridges this gap by employing EEG to capture neurobehavioral responses during a COVID-19 vaccine mandate judgment task. The analysis of 70 politically stratified participants revealed significantly elevated gamma1 (30-50 Hz) activity in the right prefrontal cortex among policy supporters, reflecting enhanced attentional engagement and value integration. These topographically specific neural dissociations demonstrate how ideological alignment modulates cognitive-affective processing. Our findings establish EEG as a robust tool for quantifying implicit identity-driven evaluations, offering new pathways to decode polarization in contested policy contexts. FAU - Li, Jing AU - Li J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9132-2700 AD - School of Political Science and Public Administration, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China. FAU - Xu, Zhiwei AU - Xu Z AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-8480-1739 AD - School of Business, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China. LA - eng GR - 71872062/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250801 PL - Switzerland TA - Behav Sci (Basel) JT - Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101576826 PMC - PMC12383215 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EEG OT - behavioral neuroscience OT - cognitive engagement OT - political polarization OT - right prefrontal cortex COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/08/30 04:49 MHDA- 2025/08/30 04:50 PMCR- 2025/08/01 CRDT- 2025/08/28 01:03 PHST- 2025/05/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/30 04:50 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/30 04:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/28 01:03 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bs15081043 [pii] AID - behavsci-15-01043 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bs15081043 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Aug 1;15(8):1043. doi: 10.3390/bs15081043. PMID- 40842294 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251215 LR - 20260129 IS - 1552-5775 (Electronic) IS - 1552-5767 (Print) IS - 1552-5767 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Dec 15 TI - Back to the Future: Long-Term Leadership Lessons From the COVID-19 Pandemic. PG - 20-28 LID - 10.7812/TPP/25.030 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The loss of 50,000,000 people during the 1918 influenza pandemic was blamed on war, unsanitary conditions, and lack of vaccines and preparation. Nine decades later, a similar virus (H1N1) killed 285,000 people, and again, the response was that preparation was ineffective, inefficient, and inequitable. Less than a decade later, preparedness for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak revealed the United States was not prepared. This study's objectives were: 1) to develop a deeper understanding of leadership practices that led to successful responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, and 2) to learn about the underlying principles and practices that may help in preparing for the next pandemic. METHODS: Senior leaders (14/23 or 61%) from across a multisite, multicountry integrated health system were recruited using maximum variation sampling. Individual recorded interviews (averaging 20 minutes) were based on principles of Appreciative Inquiry and critical incident reporting. Iterative consensus coding produced 6 major themes: self- and situation awareness, teamwork, readiness, inspirational leadership, internal communication, and external communication. RESULTS: Beyond individual leadership decisions, organizational culture, shared cognition, and history may play a major role in shaping system-wide responses to catastrophic events like the COVID-19 pandemic. DISCUSSION: Lack of preparation for dealing with novel events and one-way communication may be risk factors for chaotic and ineffective responses. CONCLUSION: Senior leaders must balance clinical necessity with humanistic values and purpose. Situation awareness and attention to organizational culture may improve the quality, timeliness, and effectiveness of responses to the next pandemic threat. FAU - Frankel, Richard AU - Frankel R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4132-4506 AD - Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. AD - Education Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. FAU - Brogley Webb, Jordan AU - Brogley Webb J AD - Department of Family Medicine, Akron General Hospital, Akron, OH, USA. AD - Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. FAU - Bowen, John AU - Bowen J AD - Cleveland Clinic Archives, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. FAU - Mehta, Neil AU - Mehta N AD - Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. FAU - Isaacson, J Harry AU - Isaacson JH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6791-7898 AD - Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250822 PL - United States TA - Perm J JT - The Permanente journal JID - 9800474 SB - IM MH - *Leadership MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - United States/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Pandemics MH - Male PMC - PMC12703523 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID OT - distributed cognition OT - leadership OT - organizational culture OT - pandemic COIS- Conflicts of Interest None declared EDAT- 2025/08/22 08:44 MHDA- 2025/12/15 06:28 PMCR- 2025/08/22 CRDT- 2025/08/22 03:03 PHST- 2025/12/15 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/22 08:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/22 03:03 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - TPJ-25-030 [pii] AID - 10.7812/TPP/25.030 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Perm J. 2025 Dec 15;29(4):20-28. doi: 10.7812/TPP/25.030. Epub 2025 Aug 22. PMID- 40832032 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250820 LR - 20250822 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2025 TI - Mental symptoms in post-COVID syndrome and post-COVID-19 vaccination syndrome: results of a representative population survey. PG - 1623757 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1623757 [doi] LID - 1623757 AB - BACKGROUND: Mental symptoms such as fatigue, concentration difficulties, and sleep disorders are frequently reported in both Post-COVID Syndrome (PCS) and Post-COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome (PCVS). Although symptom profiles may overlap, comparative epidemiological data from the general population are limited. METHODS: We conducted a representative online survey of 4,632 adults in Germany and investigated mental symptoms associated with PCS and PCVS, including fatigue, cognitive problems, sleep disturbances, impaired performance and depressed mood. Socio-demographic factors, vaccination status, vaccine type and number of vaccinations were analysed. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-reported mental symptoms of PCS was 12.1% among respondents, with women and younger individuals more commonly affected. The prevalence of self-reported PCVS was 12.6% among vaccinated individuals, with no significant gender differences, but fewer cognitive symptoms in older adults. Respondents with only one vaccination reported the highest rate of PCVS symptoms (20.8%), which decreased to 8.9% for those with four or more vaccinations. Differences between vaccine types were small overall, but non-mRNA vaccines were associated with a slightly higher rate of sleep and concentration problems. CONCLUSION: Mental symptoms are relatively common after both SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination and show overlap, especially fatigue. These findings highlight how difficult it is to distinguish PCS from PCVS and emphasize the need to consider alternative explanations, such as undiagnosed depressive disorders, in clinical assessments. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Czaplicki, Hipper and Hegerl. FAU - Czaplicki, Andreas AU - Czaplicki A AD - German Foundation for Depression and Suicide Prevention, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Hipper, Leonie AU - Hipper L AD - German Foundation for Depression and Suicide Prevention, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Hegerl, Ulrich AU - Hegerl U AD - German Foundation for Depression and Suicide Prevention, Leipzig, Germany. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt (Goethe Research Professorship), Frankfurt am Main, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250804 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Germany/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - Aged MH - Fatigue/epidemiology/etiology MH - *Vaccination/adverse effects/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult MH - Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology/etiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Mental Disorders/epidemiology/etiology MH - Adolescent MH - Prevalence MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC12358428 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID 19 OT - COVID-vaccine OT - depression OT - differential diagnosis OT - mental health OT - mental symptoms OT - population survey OT - post-COVID COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/08/20 06:33 MHDA- 2025/08/20 06:34 PMCR- 2025/08/04 CRDT- 2025/08/20 05:06 PHST- 2025/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/20 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/20 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/20 05:06 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1623757 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2025 Aug 4;13:1623757. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1623757. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40828879 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250903 LR - 20260925 IS - 1553-7358 (Electronic) IS - 1553-734X (Print) IS - 1553-734X (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 8 DP - 2025 Aug TI - Leaky or polarised immunity: Non-Markovian modelling highlights the impact of immune memory assumptions. PG - e1013399 LID - 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013399 [doi] LID - e1013399 AB - Mathematical models tend to oversimplify the biological details of vaccine or infection-derived immunity effectiveness. Yet, epidemiological outcomes may diverge when assuming polarised immunity-individuals are either fully susceptible or completely immune-compared to leaky immunity-where all individuals are partially protected. We explore the differences between the two by taking advantage of a non-Markovian framework, which allows us to explicitly record the 'age' of the immunity and vary its effectiveness accordingly. A basic scenario reveals that leaky immunity leads to a shorter time between reinfections. A more data-driven scenario based on SARS-CoV-2 data finds that leaky immunity yields substantially more reinfections than polarised immunity and a higher number of infected individuals, yet with a lower probability of hospitalisation. Our findings emphasize the critical role of immune memory modelling assumptions, especially for long-term epidemiological dynamics and public health policies. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 Reyne et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Reyne, Bastien AU - Reyne B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4899-1240 AD - Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, INRIA, BPH, U1219, Bordeaux, France. AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France. AD - MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France. FAU - Kamiya, Tsukushi AU - Kamiya T AD - CIRB, College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Universite PSL, Paris, France. FAU - Djidjou-Demasse, Ramses AU - Djidjou-Demasse R AD - MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France. AD - Ecole Polytechnique de Thies, Thies, Senegal. FAU - Alizon, Samuel AU - Alizon S AD - CIRB, College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Universite PSL, Paris, France. FAU - Sofonea, Mircea T AU - Sofonea MT AD - PCCEI, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France. AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, Intensive Care, Pain and Emergency Medicine, CHU Nimes, Nimes, France. LA - eng GR - ExposUM Institute of the University of Montpellier/ GR - France 2030 programme/ GR - Occitanie Region/ GR - ANRS Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes and France 2030/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250819 PL - United States TA - PLoS Comput Biol JT - PLoS computational biology JID - 101238922 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/epidemiology MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Models, Immunological MH - Computational Biology MH - Reinfection/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Markov Chains PMC - PMC12407549 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2025/08/19 18:30 MHDA- 2025/09/03 18:36 PMCR- 2025/08/19 CRDT- 2025/08/19 13:47 PHST- 2025/01/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/03 18:36 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/19 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/19 13:47 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PCOMPBIOL-D-25-00077 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013399 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS Comput Biol. 2025 Aug 19;21(8):e1013399. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013399. eCollection 2025 Aug. PMID- 40803144 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250915 LR - 20250915 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 62 DP - 2025 Aug 30 TI - Type 2 diabetes compromises SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological memory following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. PG - 127604 LID - S0264-410X(25)00901-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127604 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Despite the success of vaccination, isolated cases of COVID-19 infection are being reported in the vulnerable subjects worldwide. Given that individuals with type-2 diabetes (T2D) often exhibit immune dysregulation, this study aimed to characterize SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination in subjects with T2D. METHODS: We recruited 55 T2D and 60 healthy control (HC) subjects and monitored their immunological parameters at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month post-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. The frequency of SARS-CoV-2 epitope-specific CD8+ T cells were determined using MHC-I dextramers. The SARS-CoV-2 specific recall responses were assessed by lymphocyte proliferation, intracellular (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) and extracellular (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-gamma, TGF-beta) cytokine estimation following in-vitro stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 S-protein peptide pool (SP). The anti-S antibody titers and the frequency of memory B cells (CD19+ CD27+), plasmablasts (CD19+ CD27hiCD38hi), and plasma cells (CD38hi CD138+) were also determined. RESULTS: Following vaccination, the incidence of COVID-19 disease was significantly higher in T2D individuals, suggesting an increased rate of breakthrough infections. The T2D cohort also exhibited lower frequency of SARS-CoV-2-specific peripheral CD8+ T cells and demonstrated diminished recall responses, as evidenced by reduced in-vitro lymphocyte proliferation. During breakthrough COVID-19 disease, systemic levels of IFN-gamma were elevated in T2D subjects, whereas higher IL-10 levels were observed only in HC. Upon SP stimulation, a greater proportion of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from HC expressed IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, indicating a more robust antiviral cell-mediated immune response. Additionally, B cell immunophenotyping revealed a reduced frequency of memory B cells in T2D. CONCLUSION: The data indicate that individuals with T2D exhibit impaired vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological memory, in contrast to HC, who demonstrate a well-regulated balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Bhat, Swati AU - Bhat S AD - Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. FAU - Basak, Preetam AU - Basak P AD - Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. FAU - Verma, Shivani AU - Verma S AD - Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. FAU - Siddiqui, Kasmeen AU - Siddiqui K AD - Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. FAU - Dutta, Pinaki AU - Dutta P AD - Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. FAU - Das, Liza AU - Das L AD - Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. FAU - Singh, Harvinder AU - Singh H AD - Department of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. FAU - Bhadada, Sanjay AU - Bhadada S AD - Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. FAU - Sachdeva, Naresh AU - Sachdeva N AD - Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. Electronic address: sachdeva.naresh@pgimer.edu.in. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250812 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell memory OT - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine OT - Hybrid immunity OT - Lymphocyte proliferation OT - Type 2 diabetes COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/08/14 00:28 MHDA- 2025/09/16 00:33 CRDT- 2025/08/13 18:08 PHST- 2025/06/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/16 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/14 00:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/13 18:08 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(25)00901-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127604 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2025 Aug 30;62:127604. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127604. Epub 2025 Aug 12. PMID- 40802507 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250829 LR - 20260307 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 44 IP - 8 DP - 2025 Aug 26 TI - Clonal expansion and diversification of germinal center and memory B cell responses to booster immunization in primates. PG - 116142 LID - S2211-1247(25)00913-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116142 [doi] AB - Effective vaccines elicit B cell clonal expansion in germinal centers (GCs) that produce memory B cells and antibody-secreting plasma cells. In mice, memory B cells rarely re-enter GCs upon boosting and instead differentiate into plasma cells. However, mouse circulating memory constitutes only 1%-2% of B cells, compared to 30%-50% in primates. We examine memory and GC B cell responses in rhesus macaques immunized and boosted ipsilaterally or contralaterally with an mRNA vaccine encoding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. The neutralizing activity of antibodies cloned from the memory compartment, as well as the size of the compartment, was independent of the site of boosting. We show that memory B cells enter and undergo iterative expansion in newly developing GCs when boosting is at a site distal to the site of priming. Thus, in primates, high-affinity memory B cells constitute a reservoir that actively participates in further development of immunity irrespective of the anatomical site of vaccine boosting. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Deimel, Lachlan P AU - Deimel LP AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: ldeimel@rockefeller.edu. FAU - Nishimura, Yoshiaki AU - Nishimura Y AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Silva Santos, Gabriela S AU - Silva Santos GS AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Baharani, Viren A AU - Baharani VA AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Hernandez, Brianna AU - Hernandez B AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Oliveira, Thiago Y AU - Oliveira TY AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - MacLean, Andrew J AU - MacLean AJ AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Canis, Marie AU - Canis M AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Shawraz, Sadman AU - Shawraz S AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Gazumyan, Anna AU - Gazumyan A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Hartweger, Harald AU - Hartweger H AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Hatziioannou, Theodora AU - Hatziioannou T AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Martin, Malcolm A AU - Martin MA AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Nussenzweig, Michel C AU - Nussenzweig MC AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: nussen@rockefeller.edu. LA - eng GR - P01 AI100148/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R37 AI037526/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI144462/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250812 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2025 Jun 30:2025.06.27.661994. doi: 10.1101/2025.06.27.661994. PMID: 40747431 MH - Animals MH - *Germinal Center/immunology/cytology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Macaca mulatta/immunology MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology PMC - PMC12617206 MID - NIHMS2107294 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - CP: Immunology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - germinal center OT - mRNA vaccines OT - memory B cells OT - neutralization OT - non-human primates OT - vaccine boosters COIS- Declaration of interests M.C.N. is a member of the Celldex Scientific Advisory Board. EDAT- 2025/08/13 18:27 MHDA- 2025/08/31 20:07 PMCR- 2025/11/14 CRDT- 2025/08/13 12:35 PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/31 20:07 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/13 18:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/13 12:35 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(25)00913-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116142 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2025 Aug 26;44(8):116142. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116142. Epub 2025 Aug 12. PMID- 40802282 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250910 LR - 20260709 IS - 2150-7511 (Electronic) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2025 Sep 10 TI - COVID-19-associated neuroinflammation and astrocyte death in the brain linked to ORF3a-induced activation of Sur1-mediated ion channels. PG - e0201225 LID - 10.1128/mbio.02012-25 [doi] LID - e02012-25 AB - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately affected individuals with pre-existing medical conditions, such as neurocognitive disorders. Premorbid neurocognitive conditions compounded by COVID-19 can escalate into COVID-associated neurological complications, leading to severe illness or even death. As COVID-19 continues to persist and vaccines lose efficacy against emerging variants, individuals with neurocognitive disorders often experience prolonged symptoms that are further exacerbated by repeated breakthrough infections of highly diversified viral variants due to emergence of new viral mutations. Despite the significance of neurocognitive disorders as risk factors for COVID-19-related mortality and long COVID, the underlying causes remain largely unknown. In this study, we report a link between ORF3a expression and COVID-associated neuroinflammation and neurocytotoxicity in postmortem brain tissues from COVID-19 patients. These findings were further verified through neural cell-based in vitro and in vivo animal studies introducing ORF3a either alone or in the context of viral infection. As a membrane-associated protein, ORF3a induces upregulation of Sur1-regulated ion channels, resulting in intracellular Ca(2+) influx, apoptosis, and necrosis through both NF-kB-dependent and independent proinflammatory responses in astrocytes. These findings reveal a novel clinical and mechanistic link between ORF3a and Sur1-regulated ion channels, which are highly responsive to neuroinflammatory conditions causing neurodegeneration. Additionally, we have identified a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug, glibenclamide, and a natural antiviral compound glycyrrhizin that effectively mitigates the neuropathological effects of ORF3a, underscoring the therapeutic potential and clinical significance of these findings.IMPORTANCECoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disproportionately affects individuals with pre-existing neurocognitive conditions primarily due to COVID-19-associated neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity (CNN), which can progress to COVID-associated neurological disorders (CANDs), leading to severe illness and mortality. Despite CNN's significant contribution to CANDs and related morbidity and mortality, its underlying causes remain poorly understood. Our study identifies ORF3a as a key driver of CNN, establishing a direct clinical and functional link between ORF3a and CNN linking to CANDs. Mechanistically, ORF3a disrupts ion homeostasis in astrocytes by promoting Ca(2)(+) influx through Sur1-regulated ion channels, contributing to CNN. Notably, the Food and Drug Administration-approved drug glibenclamide, a Sur1-specific inhibitor, and the natural compound glycyrrhizin effectively mitigate ORF3a-induced neuropathology, highlighting ORF3a as a promising therapeutic target. These findings present a potential strategy to eliminate CNN and prevent CANDs. FAU - Gerzanich, Volodymyr AU - Gerzanich V AD - Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Zhang, Chenyu AU - Zhang C AD - Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Zhang, Jiantao AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Sallapalli, Bhargava Teja AU - Sallapalli BT AD - Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA. FAU - Pei, Shaokai AU - Pei S AD - Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA. FAU - Nasr, Mohamed AU - Nasr M AD - Drug Development and Preclinical Research Branch, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. FAU - Tosun, Cigdem AU - Tosun C AD - Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Zhang, Yanjin AU - Zhang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5847-3260 AD - Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA. FAU - Tang, Qiyi AU - Tang Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6487-2356 AD - Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA. FAU - Simard, J Marc AU - Simard JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5373-1988 AD - Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. AD - Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. AD - Drug Development and Preclinical Research Branch, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. FAU - Zhao, Richard Y AU - Zhao RY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3424-2852 AD - Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. AD - Research & Development Service, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. AD - Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. AD - Institute of Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. LA - eng GR - G12MD007597/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01NS102589, R01NS105633/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 NS105633/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - I01 BX004652/BX/BLRD VA/United States GR - I01BX004652/U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs/ GR - R01NS107262/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 NS107262/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 NS102589/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI175931/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - G12 MD007597/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL082517/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - SC1 AI112785/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21AI175931/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/ GR - SC1AI112785/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/ GR - I01RX003060, I01BX004652/U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs/ GR - I01 RX003060/RX/RRD VA/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20250813 PL - United States TA - mBio JT - mBio JID - 101519231 RN - 0 (Viroporin Proteins) RN - 0 (Sulfonylurea Receptors) RN - 0 (ORF3a protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (ABCC8 protein, human) RN - 0 (Ion Channels) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Astrocytes/pathology/metabolism/virology MH - *COVID-19/pathology/complications/metabolism/virology MH - Animals MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Viroporin Proteins/metabolism/genetics MH - *Brain/pathology/virology/metabolism MH - *Sulfonylurea Receptors/metabolism/genetics MH - *Neuroinflammatory Diseases/virology/metabolism/pathology MH - Mice MH - Male MH - *Ion Channels/metabolism MH - Female PMC - PMC12421821 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - ORF3a OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Sur1-regulated ion channels OT - glibenclamide OT - glycyrrhizin OT - neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity OT - reactive astrocytes COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/08/13 12:31 MHDA- 2025/09/10 12:32 PMCR- 2025/08/13 CRDT- 2025/08/13 11:47 PHST- 2025/09/10 12:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/13 12:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/13 11:47 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - mbio02012-25 [pii] AID - mbio.02012-25 [pii] AID - 10.1128/mbio.02012-25 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - mBio. 2025 Sep 10;16(9):e0201225. doi: 10.1128/mbio.02012-25. Epub 2025 Aug 13. PMID- 40791594 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250812 LR - 20250814 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Mixed lipopeptide-based mucosal vaccine elicits a long-term bone marrow memory response that is potentially cross-reactive against a broad-spectrum of coronaviruses in mice. PG - 1619882 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1619882 [doi] LID - 1619882 AB - INTRODUCTION: SARS-CoV-2 is continuing to prevail as an endemic virus, and therefore, we need a next-generation vaccine that prevents SARS-CoV-2 infections, broadly protects against multiple CoVs, and induces long-term local and systemic immunity. To address that need, we have designed a mixed lipopeptide-based pan-coronavirus (LP(Mix)) vaccine based on T and B cell epitopes derived from highly conserved and functional regions of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S), nucleocapsid (N), and membrane (M) proteins. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice (n=5 per group) were immunized intranasally twice, 14 days apart, with the LP(Mix) vaccine candidates, which consisted of seven lipopeptides (LP1-LP7), with or without HKCC (heat-killed Caulobacter crescentus), a novel mucosal adjuvant. At 2.5 weeks, 2 months, and 7 months post-immunization, lung, spleen, bone marrow, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were collected for immunological analyses. Additionally, blood samples were collected monthly to monitor antibody titers. RESULTS: We demonstrate that intranasal immunizations of mice with LP(Mix) induced a long-lasting systemic IgM/IgG, and mucosal IgA response against a broad-spectrum of CoVs, showing clinically significant levels of neutralizing antibody titers. Splenocytes and bone marrow cells, derived from LP(Mix) immunized mice, demonstrated a robust proliferation response against vaccine antigens (P(1-7)), which were maintained up to 2 months and 7 months, after LP(Mix) immunizations, respectively. Moreover, antigen-specific B cells and memory CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cells were long-lived and maintained up to 7 months after LP(Mix) immunizations, in the lungs, spleen and bone marrow. The addition of HKCC (heat-killed Caulobacter crescentus), a novel mucosal adjuvant, promoted the longevity of memory CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cell and B cell responses. DISCUSSION: Overall, our study demonstrates that a mucosal lipopeptide-based vaccine targeting conserved SARS-CoV-2 epitopes elicits durable, long-lasting immune responses against a broad range of coronaviruses. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Patel and Agrawal. FAU - Patel, Raj S AU - Patel RS AD - Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. FAU - Agrawal, Babita AU - Agrawal B AD - Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250728 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Lipopeptides) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Lipopeptides/immunology MH - Mice MH - Male MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Cross Reactions/immunology MH - *Bone Marrow/immunology MH - Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Administration, Intranasal MH - Immunity, Mucosal PMC - PMC12336212 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - broad-spectrum OT - immunological memory OT - lipopeptide-based vaccine OT - mucosal immunity OT - pan-coronavirus COIS- BA is a co-inventor on a number of patents issued worldwide on HKCC adjuvant. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2025/08/12 11:15 MHDA- 2025/08/12 11:16 PMCR- 2025/07/28 CRDT- 2025/08/12 05:14 PHST- 2025/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/12 11:16 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/12 11:15 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/12 05:14 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1619882 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Jul 28;16:1619882. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1619882. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40774112 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250924 LR - 20260729 IS - 1879-1379 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3956 (Linking) VI - 190 DP - 2025 Oct TI - Associations of elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor alpha with neuropsychiatric symptoms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). PG - 128-136 LID - S0022-3956(25)00463-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.07.038 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of clinically elevated interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and explored their associations with sociodemographic, medical, and neuropsychiatric symptoms of Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). METHOD: Participants were assessed for acute and current COVID-19 symptomatology, measures of distress and neuropsychological testing approximately 6 months (mean 183 days, SD 137 days, range 30-598 days) after acute infection. Serum IL-6, CRP and TNF-alpha levels were drawn from 80 participants concurrently. Laboratory cutoffs were used to determine elevated IL-6, CRP and TNF-alpha. Participants with elevated markers were compared to those in the normal range on demographic, medical, and neuropsychiatric measures. RESULTS: Of those with available results, 34 % had elevated IL-6, 32 % had elevated CRP and 16 % had elevated TNF-alpha. Elevated IL-6 was associated with older age (p = 0.02), more medical comorbidities (p = 0.02), particularly obesity (p < 0.001), greater acute COVID-19 severity (p < 0.001), fatigue (p = 0.02), anxiety (p < 0.05) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (p = 0.04), and lower scores on tests of attention (p = 0.01), psychomotor speed (p < 0.05), and executive function (p = 0.02). Elevated IL-6 was more common in those seeking care for PASC (p < 0.01). Elevated CRP was associated with more medical comorbidities (p = 0.01), including obesity (p = 0.01), increased fatigue (p = 0.01) and depression symptoms (p = 0.01) and diminished quality of life (=0.05). Elevated TNF-alpha was associated with obesity (p = 0.02), less time since infection (p = 0.04) and lower vaccination rates (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Elevation of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and CRP was present in over one-third of participants approximately 6 months after acute COVID-19. Elevated IL-6, and less frequently, CRP, was associated with multiple neuropsychiatric PASC symptoms. Findings support further research into these pro-inflammatory cytokines as clinical markers, and as potential targets for neuropsychiatric PASC treatment. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Ferrando, Stephen J AU - Ferrando SJ AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA; Westchester Medical Center Health System, Department of Psychiatry, 100 Woods Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA. Electronic address: Stephen.Ferrando@wmchealth.org. FAU - Lynch, Sean T AU - Lynch ST AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Department of Psychiatry, 281 1st Avenue, New York, NY, 10002, USA. FAU - Dornbush, Rhea AU - Dornbush R AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA; Westchester Medical Center Health System, Department of Psychiatry, 100 Woods Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA. FAU - Groenendaal, Emily AU - Groenendaal E AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA; Westchester Medical Center Health System, Department of Psychiatry, 100 Woods Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA. FAU - Klepacz, Lidia AU - Klepacz L AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA; Westchester Medical Center Health System, Department of Psychiatry, 100 Woods Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA. FAU - Shahar, Sivan AU - Shahar S AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, 1468 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA. FAU - Bilal, Adil AU - Bilal A AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA. FAU - Mansour, Rayah AU - Mansour R AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA. FAU - Aftab, Sahar AU - Aftab S AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA. FAU - Libretti, Alexia AU - Libretti A AD - New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250805 PL - England TA - J Psychiatr Res JT - Journal of psychiatric research JID - 0376331 RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 0 (IL6 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/blood/complications/psychology/epidemiology MH - Male MH - *Interleukin-6/blood MH - Female MH - *C-Reactive Protein/metabolism/analysis MH - Middle Aged MH - *Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Aged MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Neuropsychological Tests OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - CRP OT - IL-6 OT - Inflammatory markers OT - PASC OT - Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 OT - TNF-alpha COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/08/08 00:28 MHDA- 2025/09/25 00:28 CRDT- 2025/08/07 18:16 PHST- 2025/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/25 00:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/08 00:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/07 18:16 [entrez] AID - S0022-3956(25)00463-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.07.038 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Psychiatr Res. 2025 Oct;190:128-136. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.07.038. Epub 2025 Aug 5. PMID- 40768846 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250915 LR - 20250915 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 62 DP - 2025 Aug 30 TI - Memory T cell reactivity to a broad range of conserved SARS-CoV-2-derived ORF1ab epitopes in first wave COVID-19 convalescents. PG - 127571 LID - S0264-410X(25)00868-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127571 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Understanding T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for developing effective vaccines. Memory T cells, including CD8(+) cytotoxic and CD4(+) helper T cells, play key roles in controlling viral infections. The open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab) region of SARS-CoV-2, essential for viral replication, is highly conserved. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze whether memory T cell responses against ORF1ab derived HLA class I peptides are present in convalescent individuals. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 53 staff members, including 20 healthy and 33 convalescent subjects, in September 2020 during the first wave of COVID-19 at the Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, and Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. The frequency of interferon gamma (IFNgamma)-producing T cells in response to SARS-CoV-2 peptides was assessed using the ELISpot assay. Flow cytometry characterized memory T cell populations, including activation and exhaustion markers on CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells. RESULTS: Significant increases in IFNgamma production were observed in four out of ten ORF1ab-derived peptides tested: WSMATYYLF (p = 0.002), YVFCTVNAL (p = 0.007), LMIERFVSL (p = 0.011), and YLITPVHVM (p = 0.019). Convalescent subjects with prior mild and moderate COVID-19 exhibited significantly higher IFNgamma responses to WSMATYYLF compared to controls. Correlation analyses showed that IFNgamma responses to several peptides positively correlated with both infection and post-infection intervals. Flow cytometry analysis revealed significant increases in peptide-induced IFNgamma production in CD8(+) memory T cells, including central and effector memory subsets among convalescent subjects, along with notable differences in the exhaustion marker PD-1 compared to controls. CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 ORF1ab-derived HLA class 1 peptides, particularly WSMATYYLF, YVFCTVNAL, and LMIERFVSL, induce durable memory CD8(+) T cell responses in COVID-19 convalescents. The correlation between T cell responses and the time since infection supports the persistence of ORF1ab-specific T cell immunity. This finding may potentially contribute to non-spike-based COVID-19 vaccine strategies and T cell-based immunomonitoring. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Ahsan, Fadhil AU - Ahsan F AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitatsklinikum Wurzburg, Germany. Electronic address: fadhil.ahsan@fk.unair.ac.id. FAU - Rahmawati, Nanda Yuli AU - Rahmawati NY AD - Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. FAU - Dachlan, Erry Gumilar AU - Dachlan EG AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. FAU - Alditia, Fidyah Nanda AU - Alditia FN AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Elbe-Elster Klinikum, Finsterwalde, Germany. FAU - Santoso, Budi AU - Santoso B AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. Electronic address: budi.santoso@fk.unair.ac.id. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250806 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Male MH - *Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Interferon-gamma/metabolism MH - Convalescence MH - Young Adult MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Indonesia MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Open Reading Frames OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 convalescent OT - ELISpot assay OT - Interferon-gamma OT - Memory T lymphocytes OT - SARS-CoV-2 ORF1ab epitope COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/08/07 00:27 MHDA- 2025/09/16 00:32 CRDT- 2025/08/06 18:04 PHST- 2024/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/16 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/07 00:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/06 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(25)00868-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127571 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2025 Aug 30;62:127571. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127571. Epub 2025 Aug 6. PMID- 40761637 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20261011 IS - 1664-2295 (Print) IS - 1664-2295 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2295 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Neurologic symptoms following COVID-19 in Lima, Peru: a prospective longitudinal observational study. PG - 1524613 LID - 10.3389/fneur.2025.1524613 [doi] LID - 1524613 AB - INTRODUCTION: There is limited research on long-term neurologic symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection in Peru. This study aimed to describe the longitudinal experience of survivors of mild to moderate COVID-19 in Lima, Peru. METHODS: This prospective, longitudinal observational study included neurologic follow-up data between 3- and 12-months following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recruitment to a parent study: "Natural History of SARS-CoV-2 in Comparison to Influenza Virus: A Multi-site Study Focused on the Southern Hemisphere and Equatorial Regions" (COFLU Peru), occurred between February 2021 and February 2022 in a Callao, Peru public hospital emergency department. In-person visits for this sub-study, "Neuro COFLU," included neurologic history and symptom questionnaire. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients were seen for at least one visit, two of whom required hospitalization for COVID-19. Forty-one (76%) reported at least one pre-existing neurologic diagnosis (59% headaches; 24% migraines). At follow-up visits, patients reported at least one new neurologic symptom since COVID-19: 24/29 (83%) at 90 days, 31/42 (74%) at 180 days, 41/46 (89%) at 270 days, and 20/21 (95%) at 365 days. The median number of new symptoms was 3 at 90 days, 3 at 180, 4 at 270 and 3 at 365 days. Days 90-180 frequent symptoms included: muscular pain, neck stiffness, headache, loss of appetite, numbness, insomnia, and weakness (24-31%). Days 181-365 frequent symptoms included: fatigue, weakness, memory problems, irritability, changes in hearing, muscular pain, joint pain, and insomnia (28-33%). Pre-existing anxiety was associated with post-COVID-19 hearing changes, muscular pain, numbness and weakness and pre-existing depression with neck stiffness and numbness. No significant association was found with age, sex, vaccination status, or pre-existing headaches. Full recovery was reported for 6/29 (21%) at day 90, 13/42 (31%) at day 180, 17/46 (37%) at day 270, and 9/20 (45%) at day 365. By day 365, patients reported median recovery of 85-90%. DISCUSSION: Persistent neurological symptoms are common in COVID-19 survivors in Lima. Many new neurologic symptoms persisted and increased in prevalence over 3-12 months. Limitations include lack of control group and small sample size. Longitudinal studies of outcomes are needed to predict and mitigate the long-term physical, social and economic effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Huff, Villanueva-Colina, Diaz, Tovar, Davila Luna, Wu, Hamer, Koralnik, Solomon, Caniza and Garcia. FAU - Huff, Hanalise V AU - Huff HV AD - Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Villanueva-Colina, Carla AU - Villanueva-Colina C AD - School of Public Health, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru. FAU - Diaz, Monica M AU - Diaz MM AD - Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. FAU - Tovar, Sofia AU - Tovar S AD - School of Public Health, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru. FAU - Davila Luna, Andrea AU - Davila Luna A AD - School of Public Health, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru. FAU - Wu, Tianxia AU - Wu T AD - Clinical Trials Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Hamer, Davidson H AU - Hamer DH AD - Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States. AD - Boston University Center on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Koralnik, Igor J AU - Koralnik IJ AD - Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States. FAU - Solomon, Tom AU - Solomon T AD - The Pandemic Institute and The National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom. AD - The Walton Centre, NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom. FAU - Caniza, Miguela A AU - Caniza MA AD - Department of Global Pediatric Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States. FAU - Garcia, Patricia J AU - Garcia PJ AD - School of Public Health, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru. LA - eng GR - D43 TW010540/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States GR - D43 TW010543/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201400006C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 MH131466/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250721 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurol JT - Frontiers in neurology JID - 101546899 EIN - Front Neurol. 2025 Oct 10;16:1676667. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1676667. PMID: 41159191 PMC - PMC12320530 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Latin America OT - Long-COVID OT - Peru OT - global health OT - neuroinfectious disease OT - neurologic COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/08/05 06:28 MHDA- 2025/08/05 06:29 PMCR- 2025/07/21 CRDT- 2025/08/05 04:51 PHST- 2024/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/05 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/05 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/05 04:51 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fneur.2025.1524613 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurol. 2025 Jul 21;16:1524613. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1524613. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40746539 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250801 LR - 20260127 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Immune memory reactivation and T cell dynamics following 12-month homologous CoronaVac booster: a longitudinal cohort study. PG - 1636629 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1636629 [doi] LID - 1636629 AB - BACKGROUND: Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines exhibit more rapid declines in antibody levels than other vaccine platforms, likely owing to transient antigen exposure and limited germinal center persistence. Moreover, although homologous boosting effectively restores humoral immunity, concerns persist regarding potential T cell exhaustion with repeated antigen exposure. We evaluated the effectiveness of delayed homologous CoronaVac booster immunization in reactivating immune memory. METHODS: A prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted with 83 healthy adults who received two CoronaVac vaccine doses (14-day interval) and a homologous booster shot after 12 months. Peripheral blood samples were collected 0, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days after booster vaccination. Neutralizing antibodies were analysed using live-virus microneutralization assays. Anti-receptor-binding domain immunoglobulin subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cytokine secretion (interferon [IFN]-gamma/interleukin [IL]-2/IL-4/IL-5) was assessed using enzyme-linked immunospot assay. T cell polarization and exhaustion markers (T-bet/GATA3 and CD69/CTLA-4/PD-1) were evaluated using flow cytometry. RESULTS: The geometric mean titer of neutralizing antibodies reached 254.5 on day 14. The initial immune response was dominated by IgG3, which subsequently shifted to IgG1. A significant Th1-type cellular immune response was characterized by increased IFN-gamma and IL-2 secretion, and upregulated T-bet expression. Transient CD69+ T cell activation occurred between days 3 and 10 without sustained PD-1 and CTLA-4 elevation. CONCLUSIONS: Delayed homologous CoronaVac booster immunization effectively reactivates immune memory, facilitated by Th1 polarization and transient T cell activation, which do not result in T cell exhaustion. These findings suggest the potential application of long-interval immunization strategies against COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Song, Chen, Bai, Lv, Wang, Zhang, Wu and Zhao. FAU - Song, Xinran AU - Song X AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Weixin AU - Chen W AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China. FAU - Bai, Shuang AU - Bai S AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China. FAU - Lv, Min AU - Lv M AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Jian AU - Wang J AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Ao AU - Zhang A AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Jiang AU - Wu J AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhao, Wei AU - Zhao W AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China. AD - School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250717 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (sinovac COVID-19 vaccine) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Middle Aged MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - *T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Cytokines MH - Young Adult MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Vaccines, Inactivated PMC - PMC12310696 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine OT - T cell exhaustion OT - Th1 polarization OT - homologous boosting OT - neutralizing antibodies COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/08/01 11:33 MHDA- 2025/08/01 11:34 PMCR- 2025/07/17 CRDT- 2025/08/01 05:00 PHST- 2025/05/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/01 11:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/01 11:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/01 05:00 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1636629 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Jul 17;16:1636629. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1636629. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40727493 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250731 IS - 0974-777X (Print) IS - 0974-8245 (Electronic) IS - 0974-777X (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Apr-Jun TI - Impact, Trends, and Visibility of Scientific Publications on Neurological Effects of COVID-19 Vaccine: A Scientometric Analysis. PG - 98-103 LID - 10.4103/jgid.jgid_159_24 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Neurological complications associated with the COVID-19 vaccine can include different neurological diseases. Although these cases are rare, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to recognize them for timely diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact, trend, and visibility of scientific publications on the neurological effects of the COVID-19 vaccine during 2020-2023 in Scopus. METHODS: A bibliometric, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted. Through Scopus (SciVal), variables were measured objectively. Data were sought from December 2018 to August 2023. All papers on neurological effects associated with the COVID-19 vaccine were published between January 2020 and August 2023 in the Scopus database. On August 18, 2023, 65 articles were identified, of which 59 met the inclusion criteria. They were downloaded and exported in.csv format and subsequently analyzed in Microsoft Excel(R) 2019 using tables. RESULTS: The United States was the country with the highest number of authors (six) publishing on the subject in Scopus, followed by India with two authors. In addition, it was observed that the United States was the country with the highest production, with 30 publications and 411 countable citations. However, India, being the second in scientific production, was the country with the highest impact. Of the most productive institutions, six were from the United States, with Harvard University being the institution with the highest scientific production. With respect to the journals, six obtained two publications on the subject under study, where "Journal of Neurology" and "Journal of Clinical Medicine" stand out with 100 and 80 publications, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The bibliometric analysis reveals that the USA leads in publications on adverse neurological effects of COVID-19 vaccine. India stands out for its impact, especially through institutions such as Ahmedabad Civil Hospital and B. J. Medical College. It is suggested to expand the research to other databases. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 Journal of Global Infectious Diseases. FAU - Ramirez, Ana Paula Sangama AU - Ramirez APS AD - Department of Academic, Faculty of Human Medicine, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru. FAU - Cavero, Raul Sebastian Tello AU - Cavero RST AD - Department of Academic, Faculty of Human Medicine, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru. FAU - Mayta-Tovalino, Frank AU - Mayta-Tovalino F AD - Department of Academic, Bibliometrics, Evidence Evaluation and Systematic Reviews Group, Human Medicine Faculty, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250626 PL - India TA - J Glob Infect Dis JT - Journal of global infectious diseases JID - 101521436 PMC - PMC12294153 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bibliometrics OT - COVID-19 OT - neurological manifestations OT - vaccines COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/07/29 06:30 MHDA- 2025/07/29 06:31 PMCR- 2025/06/26 CRDT- 2025/07/29 05:57 PHST- 2024/08/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/02/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/29 06:31 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/29 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/29 05:57 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JGID-17-98 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jgid.jgid_159_24 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Glob Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 26;17(2):98-103. doi: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_159_24. eCollection 2025 Apr-Jun. PMID- 40708533 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260228 IS - 2056-4724 (Print) IS - 2056-4724 (Electronic) IS - 2056-4724 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Jul 25 TI - Chronic post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms persisting more than 1 year after infection during the 'Omicron wave'. PG - e160 LID - 10.1192/bjo.2025.10078 [doi] LID - e160 AB - BACKGROUND: The heterogeneity of chronic post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms (PCNPS), especially after infection by the Omicron strain, has not been adequately explored. AIMS: To explore the clustering pattern of chronic PCNPS in a cohort of patients having their first COVID infection during the 'Omicron wave' and discover phenotypes of patients based on their symptoms' patterns using a pre-registered protocol. METHOD: We assessed 1205 eligible subjects in Hong Kong using app-based questionnaires and cognitive tasks. RESULTS: Partial network analysis of chronic PCNPS in this cohort produced two major symptom clusters (cognitive complaint-fatigue and anxiety-depression) and a minor headache-dizziness cluster, like our pre-Omicron cohort. Participants with high numbers of symptoms could be further grouped into two distinct phenotypes: a cognitive complaint-fatigue predominant phenotype and another with symptoms across multiple clusters. Multiple logistic regression showed that both phenotypes were predicted by the level of pre-infection deprivation (adjusted P-values of 0.025 and 0.0054, respectively). The severity of acute COVID (adjusted P = 0.023) and the number of pre-existing medical conditions predicted only the cognitive complaint-fatigue predominant phenotype (adjusted P = 0.003), and past suicidal ideas predicted only the symptoms across multiple clusters phenotype (adjusted P < 0.001). Pre-infection vaccination status did not predict either phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that we should pursue a phenotype-driven approach with holistic biopsychosocial perspectives in disentangling the heterogeneity under the umbrella of chronic PCNPS. Management of patients complaining of chronic PCNPS should be stratified according to their phenotypes. Clinicians should recognise that depression and anxiety cannot explain all chronic post-COVID cognitive symptoms. FAU - Chau, Steven Wai Ho AU - Chau SWH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2986-8677 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. AD - Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Chue, Timothy Mitchell AU - Chue TM AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Lam, Tsz Ching AU - Lam TC AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Lai, Yee Lok AU - Lai YL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1002-8805 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Chan, Rachel Ngan Yin AU - Chan RNY AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. AD - Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Wong, Paul W C AU - Wong PWC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3388-6285 AD - Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Li, Shirley Xin AU - Li SX AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Liu, Yaping AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. AD - Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Chan, Joey Wing Yan AU - Chan JWY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2692-2666 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. AD - Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Chan, Paul Kay-Sheung AU - Chan PK AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Lai, Christopher Koon-Chi AU - Lai CK AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. AD - S.H. Ho Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Leung, Thomas W H AU - Leung TWH AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Wing, Yun Kwok AU - Wing YK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5745-5474 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. AD - Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR. AD - Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250725 PL - England TA - BJPsych Open JT - BJPsych open JID - 101667931 PMC - PMC12260592 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Infection OT - long-COVID OT - network analysis OT - neuropsychiatry COIS- J.W.Y.C. has received personal fees from Eisai Co., Ltd and travel support from Lundbeck HK Ltd for overseas conferences. C.K.-C.L. has received honoraria for lectures from GSK and support for attending meetings from Pfizer. Y.K.W. has received personal fees from Eisai Co., Ltd for delivering a lecture and sponsorship from Lundbeck HK Ltd and Aculys Pharma, Inc. EDAT- 2025/07/25 06:38 MHDA- 2025/07/25 06:39 PMCR- 2025/07/25 CRDT- 2025/07/25 04:02 PHST- 2025/07/25 06:39 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/25 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/25 04:02 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2056472425100781 [pii] AID - 10.1192/bjo.2025.10078 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BJPsych Open. 2025 Jul 25;11(4):e160. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2025.10078. PMID- 40706509 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260205 LR - 20260205 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 62 DP - 2025 Aug 30 TI - Evaluation of T cell immune memory response after BBIBP-CorV, gam-COVID-Vac, and heterologous gam-COVID-Vac /mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccination schemes against different SARS-CoV-2 variants. PG - 127526 LID - S0264-410X(25)00823-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127526 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The adaptive immune response plays a crucial role in resolution of viral infections; however, there is limited data on the T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines such as BBIBP-CorV, Gam-COVID-Vac, and especially for the heterologous combination Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273 scheme. Furthermore, emerging variants may compromise the adaptive immune response established in the population. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the T cell immune response induced by the BBIBP-CorV, Gam-COVID-Vac and Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273, against the ancestral wild type (WT) virus and the Gamma and Omicron variants. METHODS: Serum levels of IgG antibodies were assessed by CMIA (Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, Illinois). T cell responses against WT virus, Gamma and Omicron were evaluated through an activation-induced marker assay. Sixty individuals, evenly distributed across the BBIBP-CorV, Gam-COVID-Vac, and Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273 groups, were included. RESULTS: The median age of participants was 48 years (IQR: 34-56), with 58.3 % (n = 35) being female. Seventeen (28.3 %) individuals had a prior confirmed COVID-19 infection. Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273 scheme elicited significantly higher humoral responses (p < 0.001). However, the three vaccination platforms showed consistent T cell responses across the three stimuli tested. Particularly, all three schemes induced stronger CD8(+) responses against the WT virus. In addition, more responders to WT were observed in the BBIBP-CorV and Gam-COVID-Vac groups, while the Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273 group showed a greater proportion of responders to Omicron. CONCLUSION: This study provides new data on effective humoral and cellular immune responses against the ancestral WT virus as well as the Gamma and Omicron variants. Moreover, memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses remain protective, and the heterologous scheme may elicit stronger T cell responses against emerging variants. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Pereson, Matias J AU - Pereson MJ AD - Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Academia Nacional de Medicina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Badano, Maria Noel AU - Badano MN AD - Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Academia Nacional de Medicina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Sabbione, Florencia AU - Sabbione F AD - Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Academia Nacional de Medicina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Keitelman, Irene AU - Keitelman I AD - Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Academia Nacional de Medicina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Aloisi, Natalia AU - Aloisi N AD - Instituto de Investigaciones Hematologicas Mariano R. Castex (IIHEMA), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Fink, Susana AU - Fink S AD - Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Academia Nacional de Medicina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Amaya, Lucas AU - Amaya L AD - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica. Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Garcia, Gabriel H AU - Garcia GH AD - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica. Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Martinez, Alfredo P AU - Martinez AP AD - Virology Section, Centro de Educacion Medica e Investigaciones Clinicas Norberto Quirno (CEMIC). Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Di Lello, Federico A AU - Di Lello FA AD - Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Academia Nacional de Medicina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Bare, Patricia AU - Bare P AD - Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Academia Nacional de Medicina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Hematologicas Mariano R. Castex (IIHEMA), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: pbare@hematologia.anm.edu.ar. LA - eng PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250723 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - *T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/genetics/immunology MH - Mutation MH - Vaccination/methods MH - Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Argentina OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell immune response OT - Vaccines OT - Variants of concern COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/07/25 00:29 MHDA- 2025/09/16 00:34 CRDT- 2025/07/24 18:12 PHST- 2024/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/16 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/25 00:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/24 18:12 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(25)00823-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127526 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2025 Aug 30;62:127526. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127526. Epub 2025 Jul 23. PMID- 40672943 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250717 LR - 20250719 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - The quantity and quality of B-cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in children with cancer and hematological diseases. PG - 1613778 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1613778 [doi] LID - 1613778 AB - BACKGROUND: Our understanding of protective immunity after natural viral infections in children with cancer and hematological diseases is restricted. Current cancer treatments cause significant immunosuppression, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity which leads to reduced B-cell and antibody responses. The aim of this study was to characterize SARS-CoV-2 immune response in children with cancer or hematological disease. METHODS: A single-center study was conducted from June 2020 to June 2023, including 135 patients and 14 healthy siblings. Blood samples were obtained for serological analysis and cell-based assays. SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA responses were quantified using suspension multiplex immunoassay (SMIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgG ELISA) while neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses were assessed by plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT). The memory B-cell (MBC) population was evaluated through flow cytometry and MBC responses through FluoroSpot, respectively. RESULTS: In total, 78 patients seroconverted in response to SARS-Co-V-2 but neither immunosuppression nor cancer diagnosis significantly affected seroconversion. SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA levels correlated positively with increasing age, and IgA seroconversion was significantly associated with the presence of nAbs. Antigen-specific MBC responses against both spike and receptor-binding domain (RBD) were elevated in older children, while children on immunosuppression had significantly lower RBD IgG-secreting cells. CONCLUSION: Our results show that most pediatric oncological and hematological patients can mount a broad antibody response upon SARS-CoV-2 natural infection or vaccination, although there is a variability in their responses influenced by increasing age. MBC responses in children with immunosuppression were blunted with fewer RBD IgG-secreting cells. Essentially, our findings underscore that young children with severe treatment-related immunosuppression are at risk for less effective B-cell responses upon viral infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Tiselius, Sundberg, Ramilo Amor, Andersson, Varnaite, Kolstad, Akaberi, Ling, Harila, Saghafian-Hedengren, Hoffman and Nilsson. FAU - Tiselius, Eva AU - Tiselius E AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Oncology and Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Sundberg, Emil AU - Sundberg E AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Ramilo Amor, Amanda AU - Ramilo Amor A AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Oncology and Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Andersson, Hanna AU - Andersson H AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Oncology and Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Varnaite, Renate AU - Varnaite R AD - Mabtech AB, Nacka Strand, Sweden. FAU - Kolstad, Linda AU - Kolstad L AD - Zoonosis Science Center (ZSC), Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Akaberi, Dario AU - Akaberi D AD - Zoonosis Science Center (ZSC), Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Ling, Jiaxin AU - Ling J AD - Zoonosis Science Center (ZSC), Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Harila, Arja AU - Harila A AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. AD - Department of Children's Oncology and Hematology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Saghafian-Hedengren, Shanie AU - Saghafian-Hedengren S AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Oncology and Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Hoffman, Tove AU - Hoffman T AD - Zoonosis Science Center (ZSC), Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Nilsson, Anna AU - Nilsson A AD - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Oncology and Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250702 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Neoplasms/immunology MH - Adolescent MH - Immunoglobulin A/blood/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Hematologic Diseases/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - Infant PMC - PMC12263943 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - antibody responses OT - childhood cancer OT - hematological disease OT - memory B cells COIS- SSH was employed by Amgen during the time of the study. Amgen was not involved and had no influence on this study. RV was employed by Mabtech. The FluoroSpot kits and reader used within this study were produced by Mabtech. Mabtech had no influence on the study design or content of this study. HA was employed by Karolinska Institutet during the time of performing experiments in the study. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2025/07/17 10:51 MHDA- 2025/07/17 12:31 PMCR- 2025/07/02 CRDT- 2025/07/17 05:42 PHST- 2025/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/17 12:31 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/17 10:51 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/17 05:42 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1613778 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Jul 2;16:1613778. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1613778. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40660830 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251002 LR - 20251002 IS - 1746-045X (Electronic) IS - 1746-0441 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 10 DP - 2025 Oct TI - How do drug discovery scientists address the unmet need of long COVID syndrome therapeutics and what more can be done? PG - 1251-1265 LID - 10.1080/17460441.2025.2534056 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Long COVID (LC), also known as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PASC), has emerged as a significant public health concern characterized by persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This condition affects regardless of initial illness severity and can significantly impair daily functioning. Understanding the implications of LC is crucial, given that approximately 6.9 % of adults reported related symptoms in 2022, with increased prevalence among women and individuals of Hispanic descent. The pathogenesis of LC is multifactorial, involving mechanisms such as endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and potential viral persistence. The clinical manifestations include fatigue, cognitive impairment, musculoskeletal pain, and sleep disturbances. Current research emphasizes the importance of early antiviral interventions and vaccines to mitigate the risk of developing LC. Despite promising therapies like anti-inflammatory agents and metabolic enhancers, the lack of established biomarkers complicates diagnosis and treatment. AREAS COVERED: The authors provide an overview of the pathogenesis of LC and briefly review the currently available therapy. The authors then give their perspectives on how best future drug discovery efforts can be utilized to address the current demand for novel LC therapeutics to reduce the burden of this public health problem. EXPERT OPINION: Progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology and potential treatment options, as well as in establishing reliable biomarkers for potential tailored strategies. Future research should prioritize both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life. Addressing these challenges is essential for developing comprehensive care protocols for individuals affected by LC. FAU - Pagliano, Pasquale AU - Pagliano P AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, AOU, "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy. FAU - Salzano, Flora AU - Salzano F AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy. AD - School of Specialization in Pathology and Clinical Biochemistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy. FAU - D'Amore, Chiara AU - D'Amore C AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, AOU, "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy. FAU - Spera, Annamaria AU - Spera A AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, AOU, "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy. FAU - Conti, Valeria AU - Conti V AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy. FAU - Folliero, Veronica AU - Folliero V AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy. FAU - Franci, Gianluigi AU - Franci G AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy. FAU - Ascione, Tiziana AU - Ascione T AD - Service of Infectious Diseases, AORN Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250716 PL - England TA - Expert Opin Drug Discov JT - Expert opinion on drug discovery JID - 101295755 RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/physiopathology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *Drug Discovery/methods MH - *COVID-19 Drug Treatment MH - *Antiviral Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - SARS-CoV-2 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - drug discovery OT - long COVID OT - mechanism of action OT - neurological sequelae OT - post-acute COVID-19 syndrome OT - therapeutics EDAT- 2025/07/15 06:27 MHDA- 2025/10/02 06:28 CRDT- 2025/07/15 03:22 PHST- 2025/10/02 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/15 06:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/15 03:22 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/17460441.2025.2534056 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Expert Opin Drug Discov. 2025 Oct;20(10):1251-1265. doi: 10.1080/17460441.2025.2534056. Epub 2025 Jul 16. PMID- 40655221 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250714 LR - 20260925 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2025 TI - Understanding the social and cognitive influences on the adoption of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions: a survey of a Saudi Arabian sample. PG - 1588931 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1588931 [doi] LID - 1588931 AB - INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 vaccines prevent death and severe illness, but not infection. Public health leaders continue to stress the importance of non-pharmaceutical intervention behaviors (NPIs). However, little is known about how social, environmental, and cognitive factors influence the adoption of NPIs. METHODS: A theory-informed survey was distributed to adults living in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. The primary focus is self-reported adherence with NPIs. Socio-environmental factors included observational learning, social norms, and media. Personal cognitive factors included self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and knowledge. RESULTS: The mean age was 31 years (n = 368), most participants were males (62%), and the study sample were significantly more vaccinated (40%) than the Saudi public (5.3%). NPIs were strongly correlated with social norms (r = 0.73, p < 0.001), and positively correlated with self-efficacy (r = 0.25, p < 0.001). Females reported higher NPIs adherence rates (M = 17.04, SD = 3.86) than males (M = 16.29, SD = 4.12). The hierarchical multiple regression model revealed that socio-environmental factors explained a significant proportion of variance in NPIs (R (2) = 0.52, p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: The findings highlight the usefulness of a social cognitive model in predicting NPIs. The study shows that social factors, especially social norms, significantly influence the adoption of NPIs. Hence, health organizations should consider social factors when developing campaigns against current and future infectious diseases. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Alobaydullah, LaJoie, Thomas, Fumey and Alsaleem. FAU - Alobaydullah, Ahmed AU - Alobaydullah A AD - Emergency Medical Services Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. FAU - LaJoie, Andrew Scott AU - LaJoie AS AD - Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States. FAU - Thomas, Susann Denise AU - Thomas SD AD - Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States. FAU - Fumey, Raphael AU - Fumey R AD - Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States. FAU - Alsaleem, Abdulrahman AU - Alsaleem A AD - Emergency Medical Services Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250627 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Self Efficacy MH - Middle Aged MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - Young Adult MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - *Cognition MH - Adolescent MH - Social Norms PMC - PMC12245856 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Saudi Arabia OT - non-pharmaceutical interventions OT - preventive behaviors OT - social cognitive theory OT - social norms COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/07/14 12:29 MHDA- 2025/07/14 12:30 PMCR- 2025/06/27 CRDT- 2025/07/14 07:36 PHST- 2025/03/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/14 12:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/14 12:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/14 07:36 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1588931 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 27;13:1588931. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1588931. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40649991 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250712 LR - 20260925 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 13 DP - 2025 Jun 27 TI - Immunomodulatory Mechanisms Underlying Neurological Manifestations in Long COVID: Implications for Immune-Mediated Neurodegeneration. LID - 10.3390/ijms26136214 [doi] LID - 6214 AB - The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the profound and lasting impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on the nervous system. Beyond acute infection, SARS-CoV-2 acts as a potent immunomodulatory agent, disrupting immune homeostasis and contributing to persistent inflammation, autoimmunity, and neurodegeneration. Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), is characterized by a spectrum of neurological symptoms, including cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, neuropathy, and mood disturbances. These are linked to immune dysregulation involving cytokine imbalance, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, glial activation, and T-cell exhaustion. Key biomarkers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NFL) correlate with disease severity and chronicity. This narrative review examines the immunopathological mechanisms underpinning the neurological sequelae of long COVID, focusing on neuroinflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and molecular mimicry. We also assess the role of viral variants in shaping neuroimmune outcomes and explore emerging diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, including biomarker-guided and immune-targeted interventions. By delineating how SARS-CoV-2 reshapes neuroimmune interactions, this review aims to support the development of precision-based diagnostics and targeted therapies for long COVID-related neurological dysfunction. Emerging approaches include immune-modulatory agents (e.g., anti-IL-6), neuroprotective drugs, and strategies for repurposing antiviral or anti-inflammatory compounds in neuro-COVID. Given the high prevalence of comorbidities, personalized therapies guided by biomarkers and patient-specific immune profiles may be essential. Advancements in vaccine technologies and targeted biologics may also hold promise for prevention and disease modification. Finally, continued interdisciplinary research is needed to clarify the complex virus-immune-brain axis in long COVID and inform effective clinical management. FAU - Hein, Zaw Myo AU - Hein ZM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7621-7132 AD - Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Thazin AU - Thazin AD - Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, SEGi University, Petaling Jaya 47810, Selangor, Malaysia. FAU - Kumar, Suresh AU - Kumar S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5682-0938 AD - Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Science, Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia. FAU - Che Ramli, Muhammad Danial AU - Che Ramli MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5261-0391 AD - Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Science, Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia. FAU - Che Mohd Nassir, Che Mohd Nasril AU - Che Mohd Nassir CMN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2019-4565 AD - Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Terengganu, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250627 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/complications MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Neurodegenerative Diseases/immunology/etiology MH - Blood-Brain Barrier/immunology MH - Biomarkers MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *Immunomodulation PMC - PMC12249592 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - immune system OT - long COVID-19 OT - neurological disease COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/07/13 03:32 MHDA- 2025/07/13 03:33 PMCR- 2025/06/27 CRDT- 2025/07/12 01:21 PHST- 2025/05/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/13 03:33 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/13 03:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/12 01:21 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms26136214 [pii] AID - ijms-26-06214 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms26136214 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jun 27;26(13):6214. doi: 10.3390/ijms26136214. PMID- 40645616 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250711 LR - 20250714 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 7 DP - 2025 Jul 10 TI - Basel Long COVID Cohort Study (BALCoS): protocol of a prospective cohort study. PG - e093981 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093981 [doi] LID - e093981 AB - INTRODUCTION: The recent pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 had a profound global impact. While many individuals recovered from COVID-19, some developed long-lasting symptoms that significantly disrupted daily life. The WHO defines this condition as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). Common symptoms include fatigue, dyspnoea, sleep disturbances and cognitive difficulties. Increasing evidence suggests that PCC is a multifactorial condition, shaped not only by biomedical but also psychological and social factors. This article presents the protocol of the Basel Long COVID Cohort Study (BALCoS), which aims to improve understanding of PCC by capturing clinical, functional and psychosocial aspects through repeated assessments over the course of 1 year. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: BALCoS is a prospective, single-site cohort study. Inclusion criteria include either a probable or confirmed history of SARS-CoV-2 infection with persistent symptoms consistent with the WHO definition of PCC, sufficient German language skills and age >/=18 years. At baseline, we collected detailed information on previous SARS-CoV-2 infections, symptom history, reinfections, COVID-19 vaccination status and pre-existing medical conditions. The study includes standardised psychometric assessments, physical performance tests, ecological momentary assessments (EMAs), neurocognitive testing and blood sample collection. Assessments are scheduled at baseline and at 3-month, 6-month and 12-month follow-up. All participants complete psychometric assessments at each time point. Blood samples are only collected at baseline. Neurocognitive testing and physical performance measures are collected at baseline and 12-month follow-up for in-person participants only. Participants who are unable to attend in person complete a remote version of the study, excluding these in-clinic assessments. EMAs are initiated the day after each time point and consist of eight questions over 10 consecutive days. The study is exploratory in nature, with a target sample size of 120 participants. BALCoS is part of the Horizon Europe Long COVID project, a multinational interdisciplinary research consortium integrating mechanistic, clinical and interventional studies. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was approved by the Ethics Commission of Northwest and Central Switzerland (BASEC-ID: 2023-00359) and is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT05781893). All participants provide written informed consent. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTERATION NUMBER: NCT05781893. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. FAU - Rohner, Stefan AU - Rohner S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4812-6433 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Schnepper, Rebekka AU - Schnepper R AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AD - Digital and Blended Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Meinlschmidt, Gunther AU - Meinlschmidt G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3488-193X AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AD - Department of Digital and Blended Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AD - Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy - Methods and Approaches, University of Trier, Trier, Germany. FAU - Schaefert, Rainer AU - Schaefert R AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Mayr, Michael AU - Mayr M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1962-8186 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AD - Medical Outpatient Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Bopp, Katrin AU - Bopp K AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AD - Medical Outpatient Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Meienberg, Andrea AU - Meienberg A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0751-2469 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland andrea.meienberg@usb.ch. AD - Medical Outpatient Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05781893 PT - Clinical Trial Protocol PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250710 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/complications/psychology/epidemiology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Prospective Studies MH - Psychometrics MH - Research Design MH - Switzerland/epidemiology MH - Observational Studies as Topic PMC - PMC12248209 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - EPIDEMIOLOGY OT - Observational Study OT - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome OT - Public health OT - SARS-CoV-2 Infection COIS- Competing interests: GM received funding from the Stanley Thomas Johnson Stiftung & Gottfried und Julia Bangerter-Rhyner-Stiftung under projects no. PC 28/17 and PC 05/18, from Health Promotion Switzerland (Gesundheitsforderung Schweiz) under project no. 18.191/K50001, from the Swiss Heart Foundation under project no. FF21101, from the Research Foundation of the International Psychoanalytic University (IPU) Berlin under projects no. 5087 and 5217, from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) under project no. 100014_135328, from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research under budget item 68606, from the Hasler Foundation under project No. 23004, from SERI under contract number 22.00094 in the context of a European Union (Horizon Europe) research consortium "Long COVID" (funding number: 101057553) and from Wings Health in the context of a proof-of-concept study. GM is a co-founder and shareholder of Therayou AG, active in digital and blended mental healthcare. GM receives royalties from publishing companies as author, including a book published by Springer, and an honourarium from Lundbeck for speaking at a symposium. Furthermore, GM is compensated for providing psychotherapy to patients, acting as a supervisor, serving as a self-experience facilitator ('Selbsterfahrungsleiter'), and for postgraduate training of psychotherapists, psychosomatic specialists and supervisors. RaS received funding from Health Promotion Switzerland (Gesundheitsforderung Schweiz) under contract no. 18.191/ K50001, from the Health Department Basel-City, from SERI under contract number 22.00094 in the context of a European Union (Horizon Europe) research consortium "Long COVID" (funding number: 101057553), and from Wings Health in the context of a proof of concept study. RaS is co-editor of the German AWMF S3-Guidelines on Functional Complaints and contributed to the German guidelines on irritable bowel syndrome and on Lyme Borreliosis. RaS is chairman of the Basel Institute for Psychosomatic Medicine (BIPM), and founder and managing director of the Psychosomatic and Psychosocial Services GmbH, which develops and implements psychosomatic and psychosocial training and continuing education programmes. RaS is a member of the Swiss Academy of Psychosomatic and Psychosocial Medicine (SAPPM) - where he is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board, of the Societe Medicale Suisse d'Hypnose (SMSH), of the Dt. Kollegium fur Psychosomatische Medizin (DKPM), of the Dt. Gesellschaft fur Psychosomatische Medizin und Arztliche Psychotherapie (DGPM) and of the German Balint Society (DBG). RaS serves as spokesman of DKPM and DGPM for Consultation and Liaison Psychosomatics. He is a member of the board of trustees of the Foundation Psychosomatic and Social Medicine (Ascona Foundation). MM served as a consultant for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim and Bayer and received unrestricted grants from Menarini, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, GlaxoSmithKline, IBSA, Lilly, MSD, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis and Viatris to support the organisation of independent medical education events. ReS received funding from SERI under contract number 22.00094 in the context of a European Union (Horizon Europe) research consortium "Long COVID" (funding number: 101057553). AM received unrestricted grants from Menarini, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, GlaxoSmithKline, IBSA, Lilly, MSD, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis and Viatris to support the organisation of independent medical education events. All other authors have no competing interest to declare. EDAT- 2025/07/12 16:44 MHDA- 2025/07/12 16:45 PMCR- 2025/07/10 CRDT- 2025/07/11 20:33 PHST- 2025/07/12 16:45 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/12 16:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/11 20:33 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2024-093981 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093981 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2025 Jul 10;15(7):e093981. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093981. PMID- 40642065 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250711 LR - 20250712 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - A consensus mathematical model of vaccine-induced antibody dynamics for multiple vaccine platforms and pathogens. PG - 1596518 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1596518 [doi] LID - 1596518 AB - INTRODUCTION: Vaccine platforms used in successful, licensed vaccines have varied among pathogens. However, antibody level is still the main clinical correlate of protection in most approved vaccines. Decisions as to the best vaccine platform to pursue for a given pathogen may be informed through improved understanding of the process of antibody generation and its temporal dynamics, as well as the relationship between these processes and the type of vaccine. METHODS: We have analyzed the dynamics of antibody generation for different vaccine platforms against diverse pathogens, and developed a consensus mathematical model that captures antibody dynamics across these diverse systems. Initially, the model was fitted to a rich dataset of antibody and immune cell concentrations in a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine experiment. We then used concepts from machine learning, such as transfer learning, to apply the same model to a variety of systems, involving different pathogens, vaccine platforms, and booster dose use/timing, fixing most parameter values relating to the dynamics of the immune system. RESULTS: The model includes B cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as the generation of plasma cells, which secrete large amounts of antibody, and memory B cells. Overall, the model describes antibody generation in all systems tested well and shows that the main differences across platforms are related to the dynamics of antigen presentation. DISCUSSION: This model can be used to predict antibody generation in pairs of vaccine platform/pathogen, allowing for the use of in silico results to narrow down experimental burden in vaccine development. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Wilding, Molina-Paris, Kubicek-Sutherland, McMahon, Perelson and Ribeiro. FAU - Wilding, Kristen M AU - Wilding KM AD - Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States. FAU - Molina-Paris, Carmen AU - Molina-Paris C AD - Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States. FAU - Kubicek-Sutherland, Jessica Z AU - Kubicek-Sutherland JZ AD - Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States. FAU - McMahon, Benjamin AU - McMahon B AD - Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States. FAU - Perelson, Alan S AU - Perelson AS AD - Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States. FAU - Ribeiro, Ruy M AU - Ribeiro RM AD - Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250626 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Models, Immunological MH - *Models, Theoretical MH - Animals PMC - PMC12241011 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody dynamics OT - ebola OT - mathematical model OT - memory OT - vaccine OT - vaccine platform COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/07/11 06:27 MHDA- 2025/07/11 06:28 PMCR- 2025/06/26 CRDT- 2025/07/11 05:12 PHST- 2025/03/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/11 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/11 06:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/11 05:12 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1596518 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Jun 26;16:1596518. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1596518. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40604014 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250703 LR - 20250705 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jul 2 TI - Serum butyrylcholinesterase activity as a predictor of severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. PG - 23437 LID - 10.1038/s41598-025-07017-2 [doi] LID - 23437 AB - Previous studies suggest that butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), an enzyme involved in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, may be linked to inflammation, disease severity, and risk of death in COVID-19 patients. Extending earlier work on BChE and COVID-19 severity, this study investigates additional factors such as age, sex, vaccination status, and symptom profiles. We analyzed 462 patients with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 from the first epidemic wave in Spain, examining the association between BChE activity, clinical outcomes, demographic factors, and symptoms. The cohort consisted of 78 asymptomatic patients, 200 patients with mild symptoms, 122 patients with severe symptoms, and 62 critically ill patients. Of the patients in the severe symptoms group and critically ill patients, 26 died within 30 days of diagnosis. Our results showed that BChE activity was not affected by sex but decreased significantly with age (P < 0.0001). Patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms and critically ill patients exhibited lower BChE activity than asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic individuals (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, lower BChE activity was observed in patients with respiratory symptoms, such as pneumonia (P = 0.0027) and dyspnea (P = 0.0120), while higher BChE activity was seen in patients with neurological symptoms, such as anosmia (P < 0.0001), ageusia (P = 0.0012), and headache (P = 0.0005). No significant association was found between BChE activity and gastrointestinal, algesic, musculoskeletal, or systemic inflammatory symptoms. Additionally, vaccinated patients, particularly those who received two doses, had lower BChE activity compared to unvaccinated individuals (P = 0.0465). In conclusion, serum BChE activity is significantly associated with the severity, mortality, and specific symptoms of COVID-19, and is influenced by age and vaccination status. These findings imply that BChE may be a potential biomarker to support prognosis and risk stratification in COVID-19 patients. However, further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and to validate the role of BChE in clinical practice. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Fazekas, Tomas AU - Fazekas T AD - Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, Bratislava, 832 32, Slovakia. FAU - Kovacik, Lucia AU - Kovacik L AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, Bratislava, 832 32, Slovakia. FAU - Rad, Morteza Motahari AU - Rad MM AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, Bratislava, 832 32, Slovakia. FAU - Barrios, Xavier Gabaldo AU - Barrios XG AD - Microbiology Laboratory, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, Reus, 43204, Spain. FAU - Iftimie, Simona Mihaela AU - Iftimie SM AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, Reus, 43204, Spain. FAU - Camps, Jordi AU - Camps J AD - Biochemical Research Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, Reus, 43204, Spain. FAU - Hrabovska, Anna AU - Hrabovska A AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, Bratislava, 832 32, Slovakia. anna.paul.hrabovska@uniba.sk. AD - Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32, Bratislava, Slovakia. anna.paul.hrabovska@uniba.sk. LA - eng GR - VEGA 1/0293/25/Ministerstvo skolstva, vedy, vyskumu a sportu Slovenskej republiky/ GR - VEGA 1/0283/22/Ministerstvo skolstva, vedy, vyskumu a sportu Slovenskej republiky/ GR - VEGA 1/0283/22/Ministerstvo skolstva, vedy, vyskumu a sportu Slovenskej republiky/ GR - APVV-22-0541/Agentura Ministerstva Skolstva, Vedy, Vyskumu a Sportu SR/ GR - APVV-22-0541/Agentura Ministerstva Skolstva, Vedy, Vyskumu a Sportu SR/ GR - 201807-10/Fundacio la Marato de TV3/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250702 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - EC 3.1.1.8 (Butyrylcholinesterase) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/mortality/blood/diagnosis/enzymology/pathology MH - *Butyrylcholinesterase/blood MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Adult MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Prognosis MH - Biomarkers/blood PMC - PMC12222779 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Butyrylcholinesterase OT - COVID-19 OT - Ellman's assay OT - Mortality OT - Severity OT - Symptoms COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/07/03 00:27 MHDA- 2025/07/03 06:27 PMCR- 2025/07/02 CRDT- 2025/07/02 23:57 PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/03 06:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/03 00:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/02 23:57 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-025-07017-2 [pii] AID - 7017 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-025-07017-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):23437. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07017-2. PMID- 40601430 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250725 LR - 20250729 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 44 IP - 7 DP - 2025 Jul 22 TI - Antibody durability is influenced by interleukin-2 production by undifferentiated memory T helper cells and extensive B cell clonal expansion. PG - 115934 LID - S2211-1247(25)00705-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115934 [doi] AB - SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody titers serve as immune correlates of protection against COVID-19; however, the durability varies among vaccinees. Here, we demonstrate that the durability of vaccine-boosted antibody responses is closely correlated with the pre-booster capacity of spike-reactive CD4(+) T cells to produce interleukin (IL)-2 and T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines. IL-2 production by CD4(+) T cells was also associated with extensive B cell clonal expansion, which preceded the durable antibody responses. High-dimensional cytometric and transcriptomic analyses revealed that IL-2-producing CD4(+) T cells exhibit low expression of markers characteristic of circulating T follicular helper cells or peripheral helper T cells. Nonetheless, IL-2-producing T cells highly express key helper molecules such as CD40L, ICOS, and IL-21, along with the transcription factor BACH2, which is known to prevent T cell differentiation and senescence. Thus, our study indicates a potential role of undifferentiated memory T helper cells in orchestrating the durability of antibody responses. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Isogawa, Masanori AU - Isogawa M AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. Electronic address: nisogawa@niid.go.jp. FAU - Shinoda, Masahiro AU - Shinoda M AD - Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan. FAU - Kotaki, Ryutaro AU - Kotaki R AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Terahara, Kazutaka AU - Terahara K AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Onodera, Taishi AU - Onodera T AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Kabasawa, Kiyomi AU - Kabasawa K AD - Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan. FAU - Toyama-Kousaka, Mio AU - Toyama-Kousaka M AD - Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan. FAU - Fujisawa, Mizuki AU - Fujisawa M AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Watanabe, Mitsukaze AU - Watanabe M AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Tonouchi, Keisuke AU - Tonouchi K AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Terooatea, Tommy AU - Terooatea T AD - Kotai Biotechnologies, Inc., Osaka, Japan. FAU - Kitano, Ayumi AU - Kitano A AD - Kotai Biotechnologies, Inc., Osaka, Japan. FAU - Adachi, Yu AU - Adachi Y AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Moriyama, Saya AU - Moriyama S AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Takano, Tomohiro AU - Takano T AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Fukushi, Shuetsu AU - Fukushi S AD - Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Matsumura, Takayuki AU - Matsumura T AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Yamashita, Kazuo AU - Yamashita K AD - Kotai Biotechnologies, Inc., Osaka, Japan. FAU - Shinkai, Masaharu AU - Shinkai M AD - Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan. Electronic address: shinkai050169@gmail.com. FAU - Takahashi, Yoshimasa AU - Takahashi Y AD - Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. Electronic address: ytakahas@niid.go.jp. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250701 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Interleukin-2) RN - MKM3CA6LT1 (Interleukin-21) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Cell Differentiation MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *Interleukin-2/immunology/metabolism/biosynthesis MH - Interleukin-21 MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - BACH2 OT - CP: Immunology OT - antibody durability OT - helper T cells OT - interleukin-2 OT - mRNA vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests T.T., A.K., and K.Y. are employees of KOTAI Biotechnologies, Inc. K.Y. is a founder, shareholder, and board director of KOTAI Biotechnologies, Inc. EDAT- 2025/07/02 18:46 MHDA- 2025/07/25 06:38 CRDT- 2025/07/02 12:35 PHST- 2024/11/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/25 06:38 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/02 18:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/02 12:35 [entrez] AID - S2211-1247(25)00705-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115934 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2025 Jul 22;44(7):115934. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115934. Epub 2025 Jul 1. PMID- 40590624 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260601 LR - 20260622 IS - 1939-9278 (Electronic) IS - 0018-5868 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr-Jun TI - Post-COVID Syndrome in Southern Tunisia: Prevalence, Clinical Spectrum, and Associated Factors Among Non-Severe Patients. PG - 112-122 LID - 10.1080/00185868.2025.2524796 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Post-COVID syndrome, a long-term consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, remains insufficiently understood. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of post-COVID syndrome, describe its clinical spectrum, and identify associated factors among patients with non-severe forms of the disease. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using telephone interviews in Sfax, southern Tunisia, during January 2021. The study population included individuals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in October 2020. Minors and deceased individuals were excluded. Post-COVID syndrome was defined as the persistence of symptoms for more than eight weeks following the initial COVID-19 diagnosis. RESULTS: A total of 2,070 patients were enrolled. The sample included 1,230 women (59.4%), with a male-to-female ratio of 0.68. The median age was 40 years [semi-interquartile range (SIR): 12.5 years]. The prevalence of post-COVID syndrome was 41.6% (n = 861). Among these, 229 patients (26.5%) consulted a physician for persistent symptoms, and 122 (14.13%) underwent further paraclinical evaluation. The most commonly reported symptoms were ageusia (68.9%), cognitive difficulties including concentration and memory impairment (24.9%), and fatigue (17.4%). Independent factors significantly associated with post-COVID syndrome included: age under 60 years (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.50-2.66), female gender (AOR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.35-1.96), history of chronic respiratory disease (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.8), history of cancer (AOR = 3.5; 95% CI: 1.03-12.2), anticoagulant therapy (AOR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.1-1.8), salicylic acid use (AOR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1-1.9), and initial clinical severity categorized as mild (AOR = 5.5; 95% CI: 3.5-8.5) or moderate (AOR = 7.1; 95% CI: 4.2-11.9). CONCLUSION: A better understanding of the long-term manifestations of COVID-19, such as post-COVID syndrome, is essential. In the context of widespread vaccination and evolving variants, multidisciplinary approaches must be reconsidered to improve patient follow-up and healthcare strategies. FAU - Ketata, Nouha AU - Ketata N AD - Preventive medicine and epidemiology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Jdidi, Jihen AU - Jdidi J AD - Preventive medicine and epidemiology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Maamri, Hanen AU - Maamri H AD - Preventive medicine and epidemiology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Baklouti, Mouna AU - Baklouti M AD - Preventive medicine and epidemiology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Issaoui, Fadhila AU - Issaoui F AD - Emergency Department, CHU Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Olfa, Chakroun AU - Olfa C AD - Emergency Department, CHU Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Damak, Jamel AU - Damak J AD - Preventive medicine and epidemiology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Yaich, Sourour AU - Yaich S AD - Preventive medicine and epidemiology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Mejdoub, Yosra AU - Mejdoub Y AD - Preventive medicine and epidemiology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. FAU - Hammami, Rania AU - Hammami R AD - Cardiology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250701 PL - United States TA - Hosp Top JT - Hospital topics JID - 0411772 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Tunisia/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Long COVID OT - Post-COVID Syndrome OT - complications OT - evolution EDAT- 2025/07/01 21:15 MHDA- 2026/06/01 08:05 CRDT- 2025/07/01 09:33 PHST- 2026/06/01 08:05 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/01 21:15 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/01 09:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/00185868.2025.2524796 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hosp Top. 2026 Apr-Jun;104(2):112-122. doi: 10.1080/00185868.2025.2524796. Epub 2025 Jul 1. PMID- 40573941 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250630 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 6 DP - 2025 Jun 5 TI - Antibody Kinetics of Immunological Memory in SARS-CoV-2-Vaccinated Healthcare Workers-The ORCHESTRA Project. LID - 10.3390/vaccines13060611 [doi] LID - 611 AB - Background/Objectives: This study examines the longitudinal dynamics of anti-nucleocapsid (anti-N) and anti-spike (anti-S) antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and mRNA vaccination based on 81,878 serum samples from 23,616 healthcare workers (HCWs) across five European countries. It includes data across four scheduled vaccine doses-predominantly BNT162b2-with 25% of samples originating from individuals with confirmed prior infection, as evidenced by elevated anti-S levels, positive Anti-N antibodies, or PCR results. Methods: The study employed a shifted transformation method for data normalization and utilized the Bass diffusion model to predict antibody titer dynamics influenced by both internal factors-such as immune activation contextualized through sociodemographic issues-and external factors, including infection and vaccination. Despite the absence of direct measurements for some internal variables, the model effectively inferred their impact, enabling a rigorous and nuanced delineation of immune response profiles. Results: The Bass diffusion model rigorously captured variations in antibody titers, analyzed through demographic factors such as gender, age, and job role, while thoroughly accounting for pre-infection status. The results indicate that Anti-N antibodies, exclusively produced post-infection, exhibited a rapid decline, while anti-S antibodies, generated from both infection and vaccination, demonstrated prolonged persistence. A significant decline in anti-S levels was observed 3-5 months post-vaccination, with adaptive immunity-characterized by the dominance of internal factors effects relative to external ones-achieved in most groups after the fourth dose. However, adaptive immunity post second dose was limited to specific demographics. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the significance of the Bass Method in predicting vaccine-induced, hybrid immune responses and detecting adaptive immunity by overcoming limitations in internal factor data, thereby advancing effective vaccination and infection control strategies during public health crises. These findings highlight the Bass Method's value in predicting vaccine-induced and hybrid immunity, effectively addressing internal factor data gaps to enhance vaccination and infection control strategies. FAU - Seyedi, Seyedalireza AU - Seyedi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3809-5693 AD - Department of Economics, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Sottile, Sara AU - Sottile S AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Abedini, Mahsa AU - Abedini M AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Boffetta, Paolo AU - Boffetta P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3811-2791 AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. AD - Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA. FAU - Violante, Francesco Saverio AU - Violante FS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4084-2782 AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Lodi, Vittorio AU - Lodi V AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. AD - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138 Bologna, Italy. FAU - De Palma, Giuseppe AU - De Palma G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9821-3060 AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy. FAU - Sala, Emma AU - Sala E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0882-6574 AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy. FAU - Mauro, Marcella AU - Mauro M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1317-3448 AD - Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Rui, Francesca AU - Rui F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4788-9076 AD - Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Porru, Stefano AU - Porru S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3564-7202 AD - Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy. AD - Occupational Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy. FAU - Spiteri, Gianluca AU - Spiteri G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8536-7095 AD - Occupational Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy. FAU - Vimercati, Luigi AU - Vimercati L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4072-2871 AD - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy. FAU - De Maria, Luigi AU - De Maria L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0553-5309 AD - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy. FAU - Toran-Monserrat, Pere AU - Toran-Monserrat P AD - Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, Institut Universitari d'Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Mare de Deu de Guadalupe, 2, 08303 Mataro, Spain. AD - Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra de Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles s/n Street, 08916 Badalona, Spain. AD - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, 17071 Girona, Spain. AD - Multidisciplinary Research Group in Health and Society (GREMSAS) (2021-SGR-0148), Institut Universitari d'Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAPJGol), Mare de Deu de Guadalupe, 2, 08303 Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Violan, Concepcion AU - Violan C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3309-5360 AD - Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, Institut Universitari d'Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Mare de Deu de Guadalupe, 2, 08303 Mataro, Spain. AD - Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra de Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles s/n Street, 08916 Badalona, Spain. AD - Grup de REcerca en Impacte de les Malalties Croniques i les seves Trajectories (GRIMTra) (2021 SGR 01537), Institut Universitari d'Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAPJGol), Mare de Deu de Guadalupe, 2, 08303 Barcelona, Spain. AD - Immunology Department, FOCIS Center of Excellence, Universitat Autnoma de Barcelona, Placa Civica, 1, 08913 Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain. AD - Immunology Division, Laboratori Clinic Metropolitana Nord (LCMN), Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain. AD - Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, PlaCa Civica, 1, 08193 Cerdanyola de Valles, Spain. AD - Red de Investigacion en Cronicidad, Atencion Primaria y Prevencion y Promocion de la Salut (RICAPPS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Fabianova, Eleonora AU - Fabianova E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5519-8427 AD - Occupational Health Department, Regional Authority of Public Health, 97556 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia. AD - Faculty of Health, Catholic University, 03401 Ruzomberok, Slovakia. FAU - Oravec Beresova, Jana AU - Oravec Beresova J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9163-5866 AD - Epidemiology Department, Regional Authority of Public Health, 97556 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia. FAU - Calota, Violeta AU - Calota V AD - National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Neamtu, Andra AU - Neamtu A AD - National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania. LA - eng GR - 101016167/EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation program/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250605 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC12197645 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody OT - bass diffusion OT - healthcare workers OT - immunization OT - serology OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2025/06/27 06:27 MHDA- 2025/06/27 06:28 PMCR- 2025/06/05 CRDT- 2025/06/27 01:11 PHST- 2025/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/27 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/27 06:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/27 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines13060611 [pii] AID - vaccines-13-00611 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines13060611 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Jun 5;13(6):611. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13060611. PMID- 40573938 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250702 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 6 DP - 2025 Jun 4 TI - Ethnic Comparisons of Spike-Specific CD4+ T Cells, Serological Responses, and Neutralizing Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants. LID - 10.3390/vaccines13060607 [doi] LID - 607 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate how immune responses compare among ethnic groups approximately 2 years after receiving a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1or BBIBP-CorV), we tested T cell responses and Spike-specific RBD-antibody titer, and neutralized antibody titer levels utilizing Spectral Flow cytometry, ELISA, and SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped-based neutralization assays, respectively. METHODS: Forty-four individuals from January-December 2023 were identified within the cohort and were classified into different ethnic backgrounds; Black (N = 13), Asian (N = 14), Caucasian (N = 17). We recognize that the "Asian" group includes diverse subpopulations with distinct genetic and environmental backgrounds, which could not be further stratified due to sample-size limitations. Spike-specific AIM+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cell responses were assessed and evaluated against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the ancestral Wuhan, Delta, and multiple Omicron subvariants (B1.1529, BA2.86, BA.4/5, and XBB.1). Alongside we tested the RBD-IgG and neutralizing antibody titers against the ancestral Wuhan. Spearman's correlation analysis was utilized to determine corelative relationships among the AIM+ and CD4+ T cell responses, as well as the RBD-IgG and neutralizing antibody titers. RESULTS: Our results show robust and comparable RBD-IgG and neutralizing antibody titers across all groups, with a significant positive correlation between these two measurements. Significant differences were observed in T-cell activation, with Asian participants exhibiting lower frequencies of Spike-specific CD4+ T cells against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants and higher frequencies of cytokine-producing CD4+ T cells (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-2) as compared to the Caucasian group. Breakthrough infection status was not fully controlled and may influence these findings. CONCLUSION: Despite a small sample size and potential confounding by natural infections within our long-time-span sampling, our data suggest persistent cellular and humoral immunity 2 years after vaccination across ethnicities, with notable differences in T cell activation and cytokine profile. These preliminary observations highlight the need for larger, more detailed studies that consider intra-ethnic diversity and hybrid immunity to better understand ethnic differences in COVID-19 vaccine responses. FAU - Pantouli, Fani AU - Pantouli F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1767-7248 AD - Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, 9801 SW Discovery Way, Port Saint Lucie, FL 34987, USA. FAU - Silva-Moraes, Vanessa AU - Silva-Moraes V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2991-7210 AD - Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, 9801 SW Discovery Way, Port Saint Lucie, FL 34987, USA. FAU - Ross, Ted M AU - Ross TM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1947-7469 AD - Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, 9801 SW Discovery Way, Port Saint Lucie, FL 34987, USA. AD - Department of Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. LA - eng GR - 75N93019C00052/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002378/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - GRA-001/Georgia Research Alliance/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250604 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC12197605 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AIM+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - RBD-IgG antibody titers OT - SARS-CoV-2 variants OT - activation markers OT - cytokines OT - ethnicity OT - memory cells OT - neutralizing antibody titers OT - spike COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2025/06/27 06:27 MHDA- 2025/06/27 06:28 PMCR- 2025/06/04 CRDT- 2025/06/27 01:11 PHST- 2025/03/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/27 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/27 06:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/27 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines13060607 [pii] AID - vaccines-13-00607 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines13060607 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Jun 4;13(6):607. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13060607. PMID- 40573882 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250630 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 6 DP - 2025 May 22 TI - Longitudinal Immunoprofiling of the CD8(+) T-Cell Response in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccinees and COVID-19 Patients. LID - 10.3390/vaccines13060551 [doi] LID - 551 AB - Background: SARS-CoV-2 was the causing agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in millions of deaths worldwide and massive economic losses. Although there are already several vaccines licensed, as novel variants develop, understanding the immune response induced by vaccination and natural infection is key for the development of future vaccines. Methods: In this study, we have used flow cytometry and next-generation sequencing to assess the longitudinal CD8(+) T-cell response against natural infection and vaccination in convalescent and vaccinated individuals, from early activation to immune memory establishment. Moreover, we have characterized the T-cell receptor clonality and diversity at different stages post-infection and post-vaccination. Results: We have found no significant differences in CD8(+) T-cell activation during the first three weeks post-infection compared to the first three weeks after first vaccination. Conversely, natural infection resulted in sustained high levels of T-cell activation at four weeks post-infection, a point in which we observed a decline in T-cell activation post-vaccination despite boosting with a second vaccination shot. Moreover, additional vaccination did not result in enhanced T-cell activation. Of note, we have observed variations in the memory subset structure at every stage of disease and vaccination. Overall, both infection and immunization induced a highly diverse T-cell receptor repertoire, which was observed both between study groups and between patients inside a given group. Conclusions: These data contribute to expand our knowledge about the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination and call for additional strategies to enhance T-cell responses by booster immunization. FAU - Brunetti, Jesus Emanuel AU - Brunetti JE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9276-3408 AD - Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany. AD - Centre de Recherche de Saint Antoine (CRSA), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Universite, 75012 Paris, France. FAU - Escudero-Perez, Beatriz AU - Escudero-Perez B AD - Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Borstel-Lubeck-Riems, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. AD - Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Lasala, Fatima AU - Lasala F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8183-1866 AD - Instituto de Investigacion, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (Imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Rivas, Gonzalo AU - Rivas G AD - Instituto de Investigacion, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (Imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Mancheno-Losa, Mikel AU - Mancheno-Losa M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Rial-Crestelo, David AU - Rial-Crestelo D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9951-712X AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain. AD - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lora-Tamayo, Jaime AU - Lora-Tamayo J AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain. AD - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Cadar, Daniel AU - Cadar D AD - Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Carroll, Miles AU - Carroll M AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK. FAU - Delgado, Rafael AU - Delgado R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6912-4736 AD - Instituto de Investigacion, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (Imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain. AD - School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Munoz-Fontela, Cesar AU - Munoz-Fontela C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7725-2586 AD - Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Borstel-Lubeck-Riems, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Rodriguez, Estefania AU - Rodriguez E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3367-2754 AD - Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Borstel-Lubeck-Riems, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. AD - National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng GR - GR4261/4-1 | RO 5956/2-1/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ GR - 101046084; 848166/European Union/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250522 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC12197383 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8+ T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T-cell activation OT - T-cell memory OT - TCR OT - natural infection OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/06/27 06:27 MHDA- 2025/06/27 06:28 PMCR- 2025/05/22 CRDT- 2025/06/27 01:11 PHST- 2025/04/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/27 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/27 06:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/27 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines13060551 [pii] AID - vaccines-13-00551 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines13060551 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2025 May 22;13(6):551. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13060551. PMID- 40554922 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250810 LR - 20250810 IS - 1973-8102 (Electronic) IS - 0010-9452 (Linking) VI - 189 DP - 2025 Aug TI - Changes in memory function in adults following SARS-CoV-2 infection: Findings from the Covid and Cognition online study. PG - 205-225 LID - S0010-9452(25)00158-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.019 [doi] AB - SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the Covid-19 pandemic, has been shown to have an impact on cognitive function, but the specific aspects of cognition that are affected remain unclear. In this Registered Report, we analysed cognitive data collected online from 296 participants (209 who had experienced Covid-19 infection and 87 who did not). We have found previously reported effect of Covid status on accuracy in 2 long-term memory tasks (verbal item memory task and nonverbal associative memory task), but did not replicate previously reported effect on reaction times. Further, across 4 long-term memory tasks, we found consistent effect of Covid status on memory accuracy but not reaction times. Contrary to our predictions, we did not find an interaction with memory type (associative versus item) or stimulus type (verbal versus nonverbal). Moreover, we compared cognitive functioning amongst vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals to explore the role of vaccination status in cognitive symptoms associated with Covid-19. Using Bayesian analysis, we did not find conclusive evidence for either the null or alternative hypothesis. Overall, the study replicates and extends previously reported findings, thereby providing valuable insights into the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cognitive functions. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Weinerova, Josefina AU - Weinerova J AD - School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom. FAU - Yeung, Sabine AU - Yeung S AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Guo, Panyuan AU - Guo P AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Yau, Alice AU - Yau A AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Horne, Connor AU - Horne C AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Ghinn, Molly AU - Ghinn M AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Curtis, Lyn AU - Curtis L AD - School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. FAU - Adlard, Francess AU - Adlard F AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Bhagat, Vidita AU - Bhagat V AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Zhang, Seraphina AU - Zhang S AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Kaser, Muzaffer AU - Kaser M AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Bozic, Mirjana AU - Bozic M AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Schluppeck, Denis AU - Schluppeck D AD - School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom. FAU - Reid, Andrew AU - Reid A AD - School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands. FAU - Tibon, Roni AU - Tibon R AD - School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom. Electronic address: roni.tibon@nottingham.ac.uk. FAU - Cheke, Lucy AU - Cheke L AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250611 PL - Italy TA - Cortex JT - Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior JID - 0100725 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/psychology/complications MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *Cognition/physiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Reaction Time/physiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - Aged MH - Young Adult MH - *Memory/physiology MH - *Memory, Long-Term/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Associative memory OT - Cognition OT - Covid-19 OT - Item memory OT - Long Covid OT - Long-term memory OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccination COIS- Declaration of competing interest No conflict of interest is declared. EDAT- 2025/06/25 00:28 MHDA- 2025/08/11 00:26 CRDT- 2025/06/24 18:04 PHST- 2025/05/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/11 00:26 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/25 00:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/24 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0010-9452(25)00158-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.019 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cortex. 2025 Aug;189:205-225. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.019. Epub 2025 Jun 11. PMID- 40531392 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250916 LR - 20260925 IS - 1179-2000 (Electronic) IS - 1177-1062 (Print) IS - 1177-1062 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 5 DP - 2025 Sep TI - Advances in Understanding Long COVID: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Role of Omics Technologies in Biomarker Identification. PG - 617-636 LID - 10.1007/s40291-025-00792-8 [doi] AB - Long coronavirus disease (COVID) is a multisystem condition that affects a significant proportion of individuals following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, with persistent symptoms ranging from fatigue and cognitive dysfunction to cardiovascular disorders. It is estimated that 30-60% of infected individuals experience symptoms lasting more than 12 weeks. Despite advances in understanding acute infection, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying long COVID remain unclear. Current hypotheses suggest that viral persistence, immune dysfunction, and metabolic alterations play central roles. Omics approaches, including metabolomics, proteomics, and lipidomics, have played a crucial role in investigating molecular changes, identifying biomarkers, and refining therapeutic strategies. This review discusses recent advances in understanding long COVID, addressing its mechanisms, risk factors, the impact of viral variants, and the role of vaccination, with an emphasis on the importance of omics technologies in elucidating this condition. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - da Silva, Monica Duarte AU - da Silva MD AD - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. AD - Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo (FMVZ/USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - da Silva, Thamires Santos AU - da Silva TS AD - Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo (FMVZ/USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Mendes, Claudemir Gregorio AU - Mendes CG AD - Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Valbao, Maria Carolina Miglino AU - Valbao MCM AD - Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Badu-Tawiah, Abraham Kwame AU - Badu-Tawiah AK AD - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. FAU - Laurindo, Lucas Fornari AU - Laurindo LF AD - Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Barbalho, Sandra Maria AU - Barbalho SM AD - Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Direito, Rosa AU - Direito R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4143-4302 AD - Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical and Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines, Universidade de Lisboa (iMed.ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal. rdireito@ff.ulisboa.pt. FAU - Miglino, Maria Angelica AU - Miglino MA AD - Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - Postgraduate Program in Animal Health, Production and Environment, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - Department of Animal Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 200177/2022-2/Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250618 PL - New Zealand TA - Mol Diagn Ther JT - Molecular diagnosis & therapy JID - 101264260 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/metabolism/virology/complications/physiopathology MH - *Biomarkers/metabolism/analysis MH - Metabolomics/methods MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Proteomics/methods MH - Lipidomics MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC12436531 COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors (M.D.d.S., T.S.d.S., C.G.M., M.C.M.V., A.K.B.T., L.F.L., S.M.B., R.D., and M.A.M) declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Author contributions: Conceptualization, M.D.d.S., T.S.d.S., C.G.M., M.C.M.V., A.K.B.T., L.F.L., S.M.B., R.D., and M.A.M.; methodology, M.D.d.S., T.S.d.S., C.G.M., M.C.M.V., A.K.B.T., L.F.L., S.M.B., R.D., and M.A.M.; writing-original draft preparation, M.D.d.S., T.S.d.S., C.G.M., M.C.M.V., A.K.B.T., L.F.L., S.M.B., R.D. and M.A.M.; writing-review and editing, M.D.d.S., T.S.d.S., C.G.M., M.C.M.V., A.K.B.T., L.F.L., S.M.B., R.D., and M.A.M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Funding: Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN (b-on). This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) (Process No. 200177/2022-2). Ethics approval: Not applicable. Consent (participation and publication): Not applicable. Data availability: Data sharing is not applicable to this article, as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. Code availability: Not applicable. EDAT- 2025/06/18 14:19 MHDA- 2025/09/16 13:02 PMCR- 2025/06/18 CRDT- 2025/06/18 11:17 PHST- 2025/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/16 13:02 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/18 14:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/18 11:17 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40291-025-00792-8 [pii] AID - 792 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40291-025-00792-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Diagn Ther. 2025 Sep;29(5):617-636. doi: 10.1007/s40291-025-00792-8. Epub 2025 Jun 18. PMID- 40512699 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250613 LR - 20261016 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 6 DP - 2025 TI - Severity, mortality, long COVID-19, and quality of life: Insights from a cohort study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the delta variant predominance period in Thailand. PG - e0324061 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0324061 [doi] LID - e0324061 AB - BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic, declared in March 2020, has had significant global impacts, with Thailand reporting over 4.6 million cases and 32,000 fatalities by September 2022. Long COVID, or Post-COVID Conditions (PCC), affects 10-30% of COVID-19 patients globally, with symptoms lasting beyond three months. Common issues include fatigue, brain fog, respiratory problems, and psychological effects such as anxiety and depression. Symptoms can persist regardless of the initial infection severity, and ongoing research continues to refine understanding and management strategies. To address residual symptoms of COVID-19 during the Delta variant predominance period, a study was conducted from July to December 2021 at a tertiary care hospital in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The study aimed to describe the characteristics of COVID-19 patients, explore the Long COVID symptoms experienced by patients after discharge, and assess their quality of life. METHODS: The study characterized 604 are moderate to severe COVID-19 patients at Tertiary Care Hospital during the Delta wave in Thailand (July-December 2021), using secondary data from medical records. Confirmed cases were cohort monitored using a Long COVID questionnaire for symptoms, chronic conditions, and social impact a year after discharge. Quality of life was evaluated using the SF-12 questionnaire (SF-12: 12-Item Short Form Survey). Long COVID, in this study, is defined as the persistence or emergence of one or more physical, psychological, or cognitive symptoms that last for more than 12 weeks after the initial onset of COVID-19 and cannot be explained by alternative diagnoses. This includes, but is not limited to, symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnea, chest pain, cough, cognitive dysfunction ("brain fog"), insomnia, anxiety, or depression. FINDINGS: Most patients were Thai (85.9%) and female (57.3%), with obesity common among those aged 18-60 (48.3%). Severe cases and mortality were higher in patients over 60 (30.2%) and unvaccinated patients (60.4%). Severity was related with male gender, older age, lack of antiviral use, and being unvaccinated; overweight status, comorbidities, and abnormal chest x-rays were not significant. Deaths were influenced by gender, age, and antiviral use, but not hospital stay duration, overweight status, comorbidities, or vaccination status. At one-year follow-up, Long COVID symptoms were reported in a small proportion of patients (4.2% shortness of breath, 1.5% chronic cough), mostly in adults and older adults. Other symptoms were rare (<1%) and limited to the 18-60 age group. No severe neurological or systemic symptoms were reported. One-year post-hospitalization, 79.15% had no Long COVID symptoms. Quality of life scores were high (Physical Component Summary: PCS = 48.62, Mental Component Summary: MCS = 50.65). INTERPRETATION: This study found a very low prevalence of Long COVID symptoms, which may be due to the severity of the Delta variant leading to higher mortality among patients with severe illness. Those who survived and recovered mostly had moderate symptoms and were predominantly under 60 years of age, which may explain the lower occurrence of Long COVID in this group. The majority of COVID-19 patients in Chiang Mai experienced moderate symptoms and had a high survival rate. Despite varied long COVID symptoms, most reported good physical and mental health one year after recovery. These findings highlight the resilience of patients and the importance of monitoring long-term health outcomes. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 Khammawan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Khammawan, Pimpinan AU - Khammawan P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-4309-1802 AD - Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. AD - Nakornping Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai, Thailand. FAU - Thongprachum, Aksara AU - Thongprachum A AD - Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. FAU - Intawong, Kannikar AU - Intawong K AD - Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. FAU - Chariyalertsak, Suwat AU - Chariyalertsak S AD - Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250613 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/mortality/epidemiology/virology/pathology MH - Thailand/epidemiology MH - *Quality of Life MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification MH - Hospitalization MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Cohort Studies MH - Anxiety MH - Fatigue PMC - PMC12165381 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2025/06/13 18:27 MHDA- 2025/06/13 18:28 PMCR- 2025/06/13 CRDT- 2025/06/13 13:33 PHST- 2024/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/13 18:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/13 18:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/13 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-24-33832 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0324061 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2025 Jun 13;20(6):e0324061. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324061. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40499677 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250804 LR - 20250804 IS - 1878-3511 (Electronic) IS - 1201-9712 (Linking) VI - 158 DP - 2025 Sep TI - Long-term multisystemic sequelae post-hospitalisation for Omicron COVID-19 vs influenza: A retrospective cohort study. PG - 107946 LID - S1201-9712(25)00170-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107946 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To contrast long-term sequelae post-COVID-19 hospitalisations attributed to Omicron, vs seasonal influenza; stratified by vaccination. METHODS: Retrospective population-based cohort study in Singapore, including all adult COVID-19 hospitalisations post-Omicron emergence (1(st) January 2022-3(rd) September 2023), and historical influenza hospitalisations (1(st) January 2017-3(rd) September 2023). Risks of post-acute diagnoses/symptoms 31-300 days post-COVID-19 hospitalisation, vs influenza, were estimated using overlap-weighted competing-risks-regression, with death as a competing risk. RESULTS: 70,628 COVID-19 hospitalisations and 10,454 influenza hospitalisations were included. Lower overall risk of post-acute cardiac symptoms (adjusted-hazards-ratio, aHR = 0.77 [95% CI = 0.64-0.92]; P < 0.001) was observed following any COVID-19 hospitalisation vs influenza. Similarly, lower risk of any post-acute cardiac diagnosis/symptom (aHR = 0.80 [95% CI = 0.68-0.94]; P < 0.001) was observed following unboosted COVID-19 hospitalisations vs unvaccinated influenza, and lower risk of other cardiac disorders (e.g., heart failure) was observed following boosted COVID-19 hospitalisations vs vaccinated influenza (aHR = 0.58 [95% CI = 0.39-0.86]; P < 0.001), However, risks of post-acute cognitive impairment and fatigue/malaise were significantly higher post-COVID-19 vs influenza (cognition: aHR = 1.34 [95% CI = 1.08-1.68]; P < 0.001; fatigue/malaise: aHR = 1.75 [95% CI = 1.23-2.50]; P < 0.001) and when unboosted COVID-19 was compared against unvaccinated influenza (memory/cognition: aHR = 1.67 [95% CI = 1.27-2.19; P < 0.001]; fatigue/malaise: aHR = 1.77 [95% CI = 1.18-2.64]; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Risks of cognitive impairment/fatigue were increased while risk of cardiac sequelae was significantly lower post-COVID-19 vs influenza in unboosted/unvaccinated individuals. Vaccination for COVID-19/influenza remains important during endemicity. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Wee, Liang En AU - Wee LE AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Department of Infection Prevention and Epidemiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. Electronic address: ian.wee.l.e@singhealth.com.sg. FAU - Ho, Reen Wan Li AU - Ho RWL AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore. FAU - Lim, Jue Tao AU - Lim JT AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. FAU - Chiew, Calvin J AU - Chiew CJ AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Ministry of Health, Singapore. FAU - Lye, David Chien Boon AU - Lye DCB AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Tan, Kelvin Bryan AU - Tan KB AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Ministry of Health, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250609 PL - Canada TA - Int J Infect Dis JT - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases JID - 9610933 RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *Influenza, Human/complications/epidemiology MH - Aged MH - Singapore/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Adult MH - Vaccination MH - Influenza Vaccines OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Influenza OT - Post-acute OT - Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) OT - Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2025/06/12 00:38 MHDA- 2025/08/05 00:30 CRDT- 2025/06/11 19:36 PHST- 2025/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/05 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/12 00:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/11 19:36 [entrez] AID - S1201-9712(25)00170-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107946 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Infect Dis. 2025 Sep;158:107946. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107946. Epub 2025 Jun 9. PMID- 40483742 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250714 LR - 20260501 IS - 1878-5883 (Electronic) IS - 0022-510X (Linking) VI - 475 DP - 2025 Aug 15 TI - Impact of brain volume on coronavirus disease of 2019 severity and subsequent cognitive decline in patients with multiple sclerosis. PG - 123552 LID - S0022-510X(25)00169-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jns.2025.123552 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Clinical disability is among the risk factors of a more severe coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) course in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), but might provide an insensitive reflection of actual tissue pathology. Brain volume loss has emerged as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proxy of neurodegeneration in PwMS. Our main objective was to investigate whether brain volume predicts COVID-19 severity in PwMS. METHODS: Clinical data of PwMS followed at the Belgian National Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Center in Melsbroek are collected in a local database in case of COVID-19 diagnosis. One hundred ninety-eight unique PwMS with a suitable 3D brain MRI available, conducted maximally 24 months before their COVID-19 infection, were included. RESULTS: An unfavorable outcome due to COVID-19 was noted in fourteen PwMS (hospitalization: 7.1 %, death: 0.5 %). Neither global nor regional normalized brain volumes predicted COVID-19 severity. Similar results were obtained in patients fulfilling the criteria for benign MS. Being unprotected by vaccination was the only variable significantly associated with a poor COVID-19 outcome (OR 3.7; CI 1.2-10.2). We observed a significant worsening of Symbol Digit Modality Test performance in PwMS with the lowest (Q4) whole brain volume, as compared to those with the highest (Q1) (2.2 +/- 8.5 versus -1.2 +/- 9.1; P = 0.037). CONCLUSION: Brain volume does not predict COVID-19 outcome in PwMS, including those with benign MS. Unvaccinated individuals remain susceptible to developing a more severe infection. PwMS with the most profound pre-existing brain atrophy may be at risk for cognitive deterioration after COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2025. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Devogelaere, Jens AU - Devogelaere J AD - Nationaal Multiple Sclerose Centrum, Melsbroek, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences, NEUR and/or AIMS Research Groups, Brussels, Belgium; Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Van Remoortel, Ann AU - Van Remoortel A AD - Nationaal Multiple Sclerose Centrum, Melsbroek, Belgium. FAU - Van Laethem, Delphine AU - Van Laethem D AD - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences, NEUR and/or AIMS Research Groups, Brussels, Belgium; Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Faille, Laetitia Della AU - Faille LD AD - Nationaal Multiple Sclerose Centrum, Melsbroek, Belgium. FAU - D'hooghe, Marie B AU - D'hooghe MB AD - Nationaal Multiple Sclerose Centrum, Melsbroek, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences, NEUR and/or AIMS Research Groups, Brussels, Belgium; Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Van Schependom, Jeroen AU - Van Schependom J AD - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences, NEUR and/or AIMS Research Groups, Brussels, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, ETRO Department, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Stastna, Dominika AU - Stastna D AD - Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czechia. FAU - Uher, Tomas AU - Uher T AD - Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czechia. FAU - Nagels, Guy AU - Nagels G AD - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences, NEUR and/or AIMS Research Groups, Brussels, Belgium; Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Brussels, Belgium; Icometrix, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - D'Haeseleer, Miguel AU - D'Haeseleer M AD - Nationaal Multiple Sclerose Centrum, Melsbroek, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences, NEUR and/or AIMS Research Groups, Brussels, Belgium; Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: miguel.dhaeseleer@mscenter.be. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250529 PL - Netherlands TA - J Neurol Sci JT - Journal of the neurological sciences JID - 0375403 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/diagnostic imaging MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Multiple Sclerosis/diagnostic imaging/complications/psychology/pathology MH - *Brain/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging/etiology MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Organ Size MH - Belgium MH - SARS-CoV-2 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain volume loss OT - COVID-19 OT - Multiple sclerosis OT - Outcome OT - SDMT COIS- Declaration of competing interest JDV, AVR, DVL, LDF, MBD, JVS, DS, TU, MD have no potential conflicts of interest relevant to this study. GN is a shareholder of icometrix. EDAT- 2025/06/08 18:27 MHDA- 2025/07/15 00:30 CRDT- 2025/06/08 17:59 PHST- 2024/11/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/15 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/08 18:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/08 17:59 [entrez] AID - S0022-510X(25)00169-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jns.2025.123552 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurol Sci. 2025 Aug 15;475:123552. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2025.123552. Epub 2025 May 29. PMID- 40482741 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250719 LR - 20250719 IS - 1879-0003 (Electronic) IS - 0141-8130 (Linking) VI - 318 IP - Pt 1 DP - 2025 Jul TI - [Illuminating the shadows - perspectives on mRNA vaccine adverse events - mechanisms, risks and management]: A review. PG - 145010 LID - S0141-8130(25)05563-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145010 [doi] AB - Apparently, mRNA vaccines have played a pivotal role in curbing the further spread of COVID-19. However, their deployment has been accompanied by reports of adverse events (AEs), including cardiovascular and neurological symptoms. The comprehensive review proposes a conceptual framework to better characterize AEs, elucidate the underlying mechanisms, and outline therapeutic strategies. It also profiles AEs into a three-axe mechanism classification: host susceptibility, delivery system interactions, and mRNA component immunogenicity, thereby advancing current understanding of their etiology. Finally, the analysis integrates these axes with critical perspectives - mRNA molecular design, platform-specific toxicity, and human nature - to provide a comprehensive roadmap for addressing above issues. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Kang, Haobo AU - Kang H AD - Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University (the Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Sun, Yubo AU - Sun Y AD - Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University (the Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Bio-Hazard Damage and Prevention Medicine, Basic Medicine School, Air-Force Medical University (The Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China. FAU - Fang, Zhenchi AU - Fang Z AD - Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University (the Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Ding, Weijie AU - Ding W AD - Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University (the Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Bai, Tianyuan AU - Bai T AD - Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University (the Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China. FAU - Yang, Kun AU - Yang K AD - Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University (the Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Bio-Hazard Damage and Prevention Medicine, Basic Medicine School, Air-Force Medical University (The Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China. Electronic address: yangkunkun@fmmu.edu.cn. FAU - Jiang, Dongbo AU - Jiang D AD - Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University (the Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Bio-Hazard Damage and Prevention Medicine, Basic Medicine School, Air-Force Medical University (The Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Rehabilitation, Tangdu Hospital, Air-Force Medical University (The Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, China; Department of Microbiology, Basic Medicine School, Air-Force Medical University (the Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: superjames1991@fmmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250605 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Biol Macromol JT - International journal of biological macromolecules JID - 7909578 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *mRNA Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *RNA, Messenger/immunology MH - *Vaccines, Synthetic/adverse effects/immunology MH - *Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adverse event OT - Mechanism OT - mRNA vaccine COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/06/08 03:37 MHDA- 2025/07/19 16:45 CRDT- 2025/06/07 19:36 PHST- 2025/03/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/19 16:45 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/08 03:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/07 19:36 [entrez] AID - S0141-8130(25)05563-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Jul;318(Pt 1):145010. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145010. Epub 2025 Jun 5. PMID- 40435157 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250528 LR - 20261019 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 5 DP - 2025 TI - On improving public health after COVID-19 epidemic: A fractal-fractional mathematical solutions with short memory effect and efficient optimal strategies. PG - e0321195 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0321195 [doi] LID - e0321195 AB - As per the report of W.H.O. about 7 million people died in India till date due to COVID-19 infection. The transmission of COVID-19 infection can affect the temporal and geographic diversity of environmental pollution, thereby disrupting "planetary health" and livelihood. The consensus is that COVID-19 could have significant long-lasting effects on ecosystem and society. It is possible to reach an agreement to create and maintain an ecologically sound environment and a circular bio-economy to try to solve these issues. For the first time, a fractional mathematical model is formulated where the infection is considered due to unhygienic environment with a synergy between mathematical fractal parameters and biology of the disease transmission. Other mathematical analysis such as the boundedness of solutions, the wellposedness of the proposed model concerning existence results, etc. are investigated. Additionally, evaluation of vaccine-clearance equilibrium point is performed. Sensitivity parameters analysis and model's stability also steps in. To get numerical results, the "Adams-Bashforth-Moulton" method with slight modification in the kernel is used. The fractional parameters: memory effect and fractional diffusion shows a good performance of the proposed model in depicting the disease dynamics. Consequences of follow-up optimal control functions in Susceptives and Vaccinated individuals, where feasible strategies in terms of the control maps are presented. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 Dhar, Sajid. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Dhar, Biplab AU - Dhar B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7182-5865 AD - Applied Science Cluster-Mathematics, UPES Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. FAU - Sajid, Mohammad AU - Sajid M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9921-787X AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250528 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control/transmission MH - Humans MH - *Public Health MH - Fractals MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - India/epidemiology MH - *Models, Theoretical PMC - PMC12118899 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2025/05/28 18:27 MHDA- 2025/05/28 18:28 PMCR- 2025/05/28 CRDT- 2025/05/28 13:43 PHST- 2024/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/28 18:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/28 18:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/28 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-24-51010 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0321195 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2025 May 28;20(5):e0321195. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0321195. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40431432 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250528 LR - 20250616 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 10 DP - 2025 May 16 TI - Clinical Characteristics of Vitamin D Deficiency Detected in Long COVID Patients During the Omicron Phase. LID - 10.3390/nu17101692 [doi] LID - 1692 AB - Background: To characterize the clinical significance of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) detected in long COVID, a retrospective observational study was performed for outpatients who visited our clinic during the period from May 2024 to November 2024. Methods: Clinical trends in long COVID patients diagnosed with VDD who showed serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) lower than 20 ng/mL were compared with those in long COVID patients in a non-deficient vitamin D (NDD) group. Results: Of 126 patients with long COVID, 97 patients (female: 50) who had been infected during the Omicron phase were included. Sixty-six patients (68%) were classified in the VDD group. The median serum concentrations of 25-OHD were 14.8 ng/mL in the VDD group and 22.9 ng/mL in the NDD group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, BMI, severity of COVID-19, period after infection and vaccination history. Although the levels of serum calcium and phosphate were not significantly different between the two groups, the percentages of patients in the VDD group who complained of dizziness, memory impairment, palpitation and appetite loss were larger than those in the NDD group. Of note, the patients who complained of palpitation showed significantly lower concentrations of serum 25-OHD than those in the patients without palpitation (median: 11.9 vs. 17.3 ng/mL). Moreover, patients in the VDD group had significantly higher scores for physical and mental fatigue as well as higher scores for depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Collectively, VDD is involved in clinical manifestations of long COVID, particularly symptoms of palpitation, fatigue and depression. FAU - Matsuda, Yui AU - Matsuda Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Sakurada, Yasue AU - Sakurada Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4588-5888 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Nakano, Yasuhiro AU - Nakano Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9972-791X AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Otsuka, Yuki AU - Otsuka Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6015-6128 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Tokumasu, Kazuki AU - Tokumasu K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9513-6864 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Honda, Hiroyuki AU - Honda H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6098-5006 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Soejima, Yoshiaki AU - Soejima Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2070-3892 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Yokota, Yuya AU - Yokota Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Takase, Ryosuke AU - Takase R AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Omura, Daisuke AU - Omura D AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. FAU - Otsuka, Fumio AU - Otsuka F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7014-9095 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. LA - eng GR - 23fk0108585h0001/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development/ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20250516 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - A288AR3C9H (25-hydroxyvitamin D) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/blood/complications/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/complications/blood/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Vitamin D/blood/analogs & derivatives MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Aged MH - Adult PMC - PMC12114258 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 25-hydroxyvitamin D OT - COVID-19 OT - long COVID OT - palpitation OT - vitamin D deficiency COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/05/28 06:28 MHDA- 2025/05/28 06:29 PMCR- 2025/05/16 CRDT- 2025/05/28 01:34 PHST- 2025/04/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/28 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/28 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/28 01:34 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu17101692 [pii] AID - nutrients-17-01692 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu17101692 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2025 May 16;17(10):1692. doi: 10.3390/nu17101692. PMID- 40411153 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251104 LR - 20260814 IS - 1708-8267 (Electronic) IS - 1081-5589 (Linking) VI - 73 IP - 8 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Protective effects of booster dose of SARS-COV-2 vaccination against post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: A systematic review. PG - 606-613 LID - 10.1177/10815589251346963 [doi] AB - The global impact of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has extended beyond acute infection, with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) affecting an estimated 10% of recovered individuals. PACS manifests a range of debilitating symptoms, including fatigue, cognitive impairment, and gastrointestinal issues. While vaccination has proven effective in mitigating severe COVID-19 outcomes, the role of booster doses in preventing PACS remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate whether COVID-19 booster vaccinations reduce the incidence and severity of PACS in individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for peer-reviewed studies published in English from January 2020 to August 2023. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, and case-control studies comparing PACS prevalence between booster recipients and non-recipients. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tool. Data synthesis included pooled prevalence estimates and narrative analyses. Of 849 identified studies, 22 met inclusion criteria, with 12 providing complete data for meta-analysis. Among 38,718 participants, a trend toward lower PACS prevalence was observed in booster recipients (RR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.41-1.09), though heterogeneity (I(2) = 98%) limited statistical significance. Risk of bias analysis classified most studies as low or moderate risk, with two high-risk studies reporting higher PACS rates in boosted individuals. This study suggests a potential protective effect of booster vaccinations against PACS, though findings were not statistically significant. Further research with larger, standardized cohorts is essential to validate these observations and guide vaccination strategies.Prospero Record Number: CRD42023461326. FAU - Patel, Ved AU - Patel V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-7764-3844 AD - Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA. FAU - Korsun, Maximilian AU - Korsun M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7289-7564 AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Cervia, Joseph AU - Cervia J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8286-0009 AD - Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA. AD - HealthCare Partners, IPA, & MSO, Manhasset, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20250523 PL - England TA - J Investig Med JT - Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research JID - 9501229 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology/epidemiology/complications MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/epidemiology/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Vaccination OT - booster vaccination OT - post-acute COVID-19 syndrome COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2025/05/25 00:45 MHDA- 2025/11/04 06:29 CRDT- 2025/05/24 01:43 PHST- 2025/11/04 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/25 00:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/24 01:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/10815589251346963 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Investig Med. 2025 Dec;73(8):606-613. doi: 10.1177/10815589251346963. Epub 2025 May 23. PMID- 40386506 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250520 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 46 DP - 2025 Jul TI - Acute serum protein biomarker profile and prevalence of persistent (>6 months) neuropsychiatric symptoms in a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive patients in Cape Town, South Africa. PG - 100990 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100990 [doi] LID - 100990 AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 is a neurotrophic and pro-inflammatory virus, with several acute and more persistent neuropsychiatric sequelae reported. There are limited data from African cohorts and few acute illness biomarkers of persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms. OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of neuropsychiatric outcomes with clinical illness severity, systemic inflammation, cardiovascular and renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) biomarkers. Second, to determine the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in a cohort of South African SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive patients at least six months following infection/hospitalization. METHODOLOGY: SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive patients were recruited prospectively from Cape Town, South Africa, including hospitalized patients from ancestral, beta and delta-dominant COVID-19 waves (pre-vaccine rollout); and asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. The 96-protein O-link inflammation and cardiovascular panels, RAS fingerprinting, and antibody responses were measured in serum samples collected at peak severity and recovery (>3 months post-infection). Telephonic interviews were conducted at least six months post infection/hospitalization. Validated measures employed were: WHO Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS-11) and Telephonic Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T-MoCA). RESULTS: Ninety-seven participants completed telephonic interviews. The median (IQR) age was 48 (37-59) years, and 54 % were female. There were no significant associations between neuropsychiatric outcomes and illness severity, systemic inflammation, cardiovascular and/or renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) biomarkers from either peak illness or recovery samples. More than half of this SA COVID-19 cohort had one or more persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms >6 months post vaccine-naive infection. On the T-MoCA, 44 % of participants showed evidence of cognitive and/or memory impairments. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms in this African cohort supports ongoing attention to long COVID. Acute and early serum protein biomarkers were not associated with persistent neuropsychiatric outcomes post-COVD-19. CI - (c) 2025 The Authors. FAU - van Niekerk, Inette AU - van Niekerk I AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Panieri, Monica AU - Panieri M AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Muller, Talitha AU - Muller T AD - Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Mapahla, Lovemore AU - Mapahla L AD - The Modelling and Simulation Hub, Africa, Department of Statistical Science, University of Cape Town, South Africa. AD - Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Dzanibe, Sonwabile AU - Dzanibe S AD - Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. AD - Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, South Africa. AD - Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, South Africa. AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Day, Cascia AU - Day C AD - Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa. AD - Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, South Africa. FAU - Stein, Dan J AU - Stein DJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, South Africa. AD - SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Peter, Jonny AU - Peter J AD - Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa. AD - Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, South Africa. AD - Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250416 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC12084414 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anxiety OT - Cognitive impairment OT - Fatigue OT - Immunopathological OT - Long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae OT - Memory OT - Neuropsychiatric OT - Post COVID-19 OT - Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 OT - Renin-angiotensin system OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Serum immunoproteome COIS- None. EDAT- 2025/05/19 12:29 MHDA- 2025/05/19 12:30 PMCR- 2025/04/16 CRDT- 2025/05/19 06:25 PHST- 2024/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/04/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/19 12:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/19 12:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/19 06:25 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(25)00048-1 [pii] AID - 100990 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100990 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2025 Apr 16;46:100990. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100990. eCollection 2025 Jul. PMID- 40357274 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250514 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2025 TI - Vaccination with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine TURKOVAC induces durable humoral and cellular immune responses up to 8 months. PG - 1524393 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2025.1524393 [doi] LID - 1524393 AB - BACKGROUND: The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to a global health crisis, necessitating swift responses in medical science, mainly through vaccination strategies. While short-term vaccine effectiveness is evident, immune protection's long-term effects and duration remain incompletely understood. Systematic monitoring of these responses is essential for optimizing vaccination strategies. AIMS: This study aimed to explore the durability of antigen-specific T and B cell responses and antibody levels up to 8 months post-immunization with the inactivated TURKOVAC vaccine in volunteers. Additionally, the impact of two versus three doses of vaccination on these parameters was analyzed. METHODS: Volunteers (n = 80) received two or three doses of TURKOVAC. Spike-specific B cells, CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells, and antibody levels were measured at multiple time points post-immunization. RESULTS: Spike-specific B cells remained elevated up to 8 months post-immunization. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells peaked at 4 months but declined thereafter. TURKOVAC resulted in durable antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune memory with distinct kinetics. Still, most assessments observed no significant differences between two and three doses, except for antigen specific-IL-2 and CD4(+) LAMP1 responses. CONCLUSION: TURKOVAC vaccination induces durable immune responses, with spike-specific B cells persisting up to 8 months and T cell responses peaking at 4 months before declining. These findings suggest that TURKOVAC contributes to long-term immune protection against SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Yilmaz, Eken, Sezer, Bagci, Erdem, Sarikaya, Kaplan, Inal, Bayram, Kalin Unuvar, Zararsiz, Yerlitas, Cakir, Pavel, Uygut, Yetiskin, Kara and Ozdarendeli. FAU - Yilmaz, Secil AU - Yilmaz S AD - Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Eken, Ahmet AU - Eken A AD - Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. AD - Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Sezer, Zafer AU - Sezer Z AD - Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. AD - Good Clinical Practise Centre (IKUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Bagci, Burcu Sen AU - Bagci BS AD - Vaccine Research, Development and Application Centre (ERAGEM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Erdem, Serife AU - Erdem S AD - Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Sarikaya, Medine Dogan AU - Sarikaya MD AD - Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Kaplan, Busra AU - Kaplan B AD - Vaccine Research, Development and Application Centre (ERAGEM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Inal, Ahmet AU - Inal A AD - Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. AD - Good Clinical Practise Centre (IKUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Bayram, Adnan AU - Bayram A AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Kalin Unuvar, Gamze AU - Kalin Unuvar G AD - Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Zararsiz, Gokmen AU - Zararsiz G AD - Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Yerlitas, Serra Ilayda AU - Yerlitas SI AD - Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Cakir, Nuri AU - Cakir N AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Pavel, Shaikh Terkis Islam AU - Pavel STI AD - Vaccine Research, Development and Application Centre (ERAGEM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Uygut, Muhammet Ali AU - Uygut MA AD - Vaccine Research, Development and Application Centre (ERAGEM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Yetiskin, Hazel AU - Yetiskin H AD - Vaccine Research, Development and Application Centre (ERAGEM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. FAU - Kara, Ates AU - Kara A AD - Pediatric Infectious Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospitals, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Ozdarendeli, Aykut AU - Ozdarendeli A AD - Vaccine Research, Development and Application Centre (ERAGEM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250428 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC12066321 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - TURKOVAC OT - cellular OT - humoral OT - memory response OT - vaccine COIS- SP, MU, HY, and AO are the named inventors on patent applications covering inactivated COVID-19 vaccine development. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/05/13 06:33 MHDA- 2025/05/13 06:34 PMCR- 2025/04/28 CRDT- 2025/05/13 04:53 PHST- 2024/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/13 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/13 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/13 04:53 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2025.1524393 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Apr 28;12:1524393. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1524393. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40356891 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250513 LR - 20250514 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Mimicking immune complexes for efficient antibody responses. PG - 1570487 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1570487 [doi] LID - 1570487 AB - Efficient antibody responses are crucial for combating infectious diseases and vaccination remains a cornerstone of this effort. This study introduces a novel approach for enhancing immune responses in wild-type mice by utilizing pre-formed immune complexes, using the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 as a model antigen to illustrate the broader potential of the concept. Specifically, we found that pre-treating the antigen with bis-maleimide, a chemical linker that facilitates protein cross-linking, significantly enhances antibody production. Moreover, in vitro cross-linking of antigen to unrelated IgG using bis-maleimide generated immune complexes that markedly enhanced antigen-specific antibody responses, likely by mimicking natural memory-like mechanisms, suggesting that bis-maleimide pre-treated antigens may similarly engage IgG in vivo. In contrast, antigen crosslinking with IgA or IgM did not yield comparable effects, highlighting the unique capacity of IgG to boost immunogenicity. By leveraging the principles of immune memory, this study demonstrates the potential of pre-formed immune complexes to significantly enhance vaccine efficacy using an antigen-independent strategy broadly applicable to diverse pathogens. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Schonfelder, El Ayoubi, Havryliuk, Gross, Seidel, Bakchoul, Munch, Jumaa and Setz. FAU - Schonfelder, Jonathan AU - Schonfelder J AD - Institute of Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - El Ayoubi, Omar AU - El Ayoubi O AD - Institute of Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Havryliuk, Oles AU - Havryliuk O AD - Institute of Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Gross, Rudiger AU - Gross R AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Seidel, Alina AU - Seidel A AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Bakchoul, Tamam AU - Bakchoul T AD - Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Munch, Jan AU - Munch J AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Jumaa, Hassan AU - Jumaa H AD - Institute of Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Setz, Corinna S AU - Setz CS AD - Institute of Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250428 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antigen-Antibody Complex) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) SB - IM MH - *Antigen-Antibody Complex/immunology MH - Animals MH - Mice MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/chemistry MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *Antibody Formation/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Female MH - Immunoglobulin M/immunology MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Immunoglobulin A/immunology PMC - PMC12066251 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - IgG OT - adjuvant OT - antibody responses OT - memory COIS- HJ and CS have filed an invention disclosure for "activated antigens" and authorized Vaccinvent GmbH and Ulm University to obtain title of the patent. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/05/13 06:33 MHDA- 2025/05/13 13:50 PMCR- 2025/01/01 CRDT- 2025/05/13 04:48 PHST- 2025/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/13 13:50 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/13 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/13 04:48 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1570487 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Apr 28;16:1570487. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1570487. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40347503 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250510 LR - 20260502 IS - 0971-5916 (Print) IS - 0971-5916 (Linking) VI - 161 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Mar TI - Immunological memory in infected & exposure naive individuals one year post SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. PG - 287-297 LID - 10.25259/IJMR_923_2024 [pii] AB - Background & objectives COVID-19 has affected millions and wreaked havoc on global healthcare systems as well as a devastating impact on the economies of various nations. Vaccines are highly pivotal in promoting an appropriate immune response. Understanding the effectiveness and stability of the vaccines is essential as these may differ across populations. Hence, this study explored the durability and efficacy of the COVISHIELD (ChAdOx1 nCoV-A) vaccine among healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods In this study, 84 HCWs who received two doses of COVISHIELD and had no breakthrough infections or precautionary doses were assessed. Participants were categorised into four groups (A, B, C, and D) based on pre-immunisation antibody status and SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR results. Group A had prior infection and IgG antibodies, group B had RT-PCR positivity without detectable antibodies, group C had IgG antibodies without RT-PCR testing, and group D was exposure-naive. Humoral immunity was assessed by measuring IgG antibodies to the spike protein, while cell-mediated immunity was evaluated through SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell markers and immunophenotyping. Results Over one year, a significant decrease in anti-spike IgG levels was observed in all groups (P<0.0001). It was observed that memory B cells declined significantly among all the groups over a period of one year [group A (P<0.0001), group B (P=0.0080), group C (P=0.0158), and group D (P=0.0004)]; no significant decrease inactivated T-cells was observed over a year. The mean of anti-spike IgG levels in samples from exposed participants (group A, B, C) versus non-exposed (group D) was significantly higher (P<0.0001). Interpretation & conclusions These findings indicate the need for regular booster doses of vaccination due to the waning of immunity by the vaccine. We also demonstrate that hybrid immunity (a combination of immune response post-natural infection and vaccination) provides better protection than vaccination alone. FAU - Das, Priti AU - Das P AD - Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India. FAU - Varun, Chakrakodi N AU - Varun CN AD - Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India. FAU - Ashwini, M A AU - Ashwini MA AD - Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India. FAU - Kesavan, Muralidharan AU - Kesavan M AD - Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India. FAU - Ravi, Vasanthapuram AU - Ravi V AD - Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India. FAU - Desai, Anita AU - Desai A AD - Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Indian J Med Res JT - The Indian journal of medical research JID - 0374701 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology/blood MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Health Personnel MH - Middle Aged MH - Vaccination MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/immunology MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunity, Cellular PMC - PMC12066133 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVISHIELD vaccine OT - Cell-mediated immunity OT - humoral immunity COIS- None. EDAT- 2025/05/11 18:54 MHDA- 2025/05/11 18:55 PMCR- 2025/03/01 CRDT- 2025/05/10 14:20 PHST- 2024/07/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/11 18:55 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/11 18:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/10 14:20 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_923_2024 [pii] AID - 10.25259/IJMR_923_2024 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Med Res. 2025 Mar;161(3):287-297. doi: 10.25259/IJMR_923_2024. PMID- 40333337 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250513 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Apr 8 TI - Naive and Memory B Cell BCR Repertoires in Individuals Immunized with an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. LID - 10.3390/vaccines13040393 [doi] LID - 393 AB - BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a global race for a preventive vaccine, with a few becoming available just one year after describing this novel coronavirus disease. Among these are inactivated virus vaccines like CoronaVac (Sinovac Biotech), which are used in several countries to reduce the pandemic's effects. However, its use was associated with low protection, particularly against novel virus variants that quickly appeared in the following months. Vaccines play a crucial role in activating the immune system to combat infections, with Memory B-cells being a key part of this mechanism, eliciting protective neutralizing antibodies. This work focused on studying B-cell memory repertoire after two consecutive doses of CoronaVac. METHODOLOGY: Memory B-cells were isolated from five CoronaVac vaccinated and five pre-pandemic individuals and subsequently stimulated in vitro before high-throughput Illumina sequencing of the Heavy Chain Variable repertoire. RESULTS: We observed a shift in the VH repertoire with increased HCDR3 length and enrichment of IGVH 3-23, 3-30, 3-7, 3-72, and 3-74 for IgA BCRs and IGHV 4-39 and 4-59 for IgG BCRs. A high expansion of IgA-specific clonal populations was observed in vaccinated individuals relative to pre-pandemic controls, accompanied by shared IgA variable heavy chain (VH) sequences among memory B cells across different vaccine recipients of IgA clones was also observed in vaccinated individuals compared to pre-pandemic controls, with several IgA VH sharing between memory B cells from different vaccines. Moreover, a high convergence was observed among vaccinees and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody sequences found in the CoV-abDab database. CONCLUSION: These data show the ability of CoronaVac to elicit antibodies with characteristics similar to those previously identified as neutralizing antibodies, supporting its protective efficacy. Furthermore, this analysis of the immunological repertoire in the context of viral infections reinforces the importance of immunization in generating convergent antibodies for the antiviral response. FAU - Franca, Renato Kaylan Alves de Oliveira AU - Franca RKAO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4930-0971 AD - Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Science, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. AD - Molecular Pathology Post-Graduation Program, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. FAU - Barros, Pedro Henrique Aragao AU - Barros PHA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6834-5756 AD - Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Science, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. AD - Molecular Biology Post-Graduation Program, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. FAU - Silva, Jacyelle Medeiros AU - Silva JM AD - Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Science, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. FAU - Fontinele, Hitallo Guilherme Costa AU - Fontinele HGC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4531-5781 AD - Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Science, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. AD - Molecular Pathology Post-Graduation Program, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. FAU - Maranhao, Andrea Queiroz AU - Maranhao AQ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1946-7191 AD - Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Science, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. AD - Molecular Pathology Post-Graduation Program, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. AD - Molecular Biology Post-Graduation Program, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. AD - III-Immunology Investigation Institute, National Institute of Science and Technology (iii-INCT), Brasilia 70067-900, DF, Brazil. FAU - Brigido, Marcelo de Macedo AU - Brigido MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7136-7059 AD - Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Science, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. AD - Molecular Pathology Post-Graduation Program, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. AD - Molecular Biology Post-Graduation Program, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil. AD - III-Immunology Investigation Institute, National Institute of Science and Technology (iii-INCT), Brasilia 70067-900, DF, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 00193-00001263/2021-12/Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Distrito Federal/ GR - DPI-COPEI 7181/Fundacao Universidade de Brasilia/ GR - 001/Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250408 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC12031002 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BCR OT - CoronaVac OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - VH repertoire OT - memory B cell COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/05/07 18:48 MHDA- 2025/05/07 18:49 PMCR- 2025/04/08 CRDT- 2025/05/07 12:55 PHST- 2025/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/07 18:49 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/07 18:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/07 12:55 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines13040393 [pii] AID - vaccines-13-00393 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines13040393 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Apr 8;13(4):393. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13040393. PMID- 40332719 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250924 LR - 20261010 IS - 1439-0973 (Electronic) IS - 0300-8126 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 5 DP - 2025 Oct TI - Delayed but successful development of immune memory against SARS-COV-2 after B cell-depleting monotherapy. PG - 2045-2052 LID - 10.1007/s15010-025-02544-6 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Patients receiving CD20-directed therapies are known to insufficiently develop neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-COV-2 after two vaccinations. We investigated the impact of a third and fourth vaccination, possibly deriving predictive factors. METHODS: In a monocentric, prospective, non-interventional observational study patients who had received at least one administration of a monoclonal CD20 antibody (mCD20Ab) within 9 months prior to vaccination were included to receive mRNA-based third vaccination. SARS-COV-2 IgG titer was determined before and four weeks after immunisation. Patients without adequate humoral immune response proceeded to a fourth vaccination. Furthermore, tolerability and prespecified potentially influencing factors such as age, baseline lymphocyte counts and others were analysed. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients were included and vaccination was well tolerated. Quantitative analysis of humoral response four weeks after third vaccination revealed a significant increase which, however, did not translate into a clinically relevant seroconversion rate. In the subgroup analysis, patients older than 65 years and mCD20Ab therapy longer than 6 months ago benefited. All evaluable patients on mCD20Ab monotherapy (n = 7) showed an immediate or delayed immune response after third vaccination, while all non-responders (n = 7) were on combination therapy. Clinical parameters such as lymphocyte count, immunoglobulin status and others did not appear to have any influence. CONCLUSION: An interval of at least 6 months after the last mCD20Ab administration and mCD20Ab monotherapy appears to be favorable for humoral immune response to third vaccination. Furthermore, patients can be reassured that delayed immune responses are possible. Future studies should therefore also investigate seroconversion at later time points. CI - (c) 2025. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Graf, Nicolas AU - Graf N AD - Medical Department II, Section Oncology, Donau-Isar-Klinikum Deggendorf, Deggendorf, Germany. nicolasgraf@gmx.de. AD - Ambulantes Therapiezentrum fur Hamatologie und Onkologie Arztehaus, 4. Stock Ebertplatz 12, 77654, Offenburg, Germany. nicolasgraf@gmx.de. FAU - Bayerl, Joseph AU - Bayerl J AD - Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics, Immunohaematology and Microbiology, Donau-Isar-Klinikum Deggendorf, Deggendorf, Germany. FAU - Schmidt, Barbara AU - Schmidt B AD - Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Clinical Virology and Infection Immunology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20250507 PL - Germany TA - Infection JT - Infection JID - 0365307 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Aged MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Prospective Studies MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology/drug effects MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Adult MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - BNT162 Vaccine OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibodies OT - B-cell depletion OT - Immune memory OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccination COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: This study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics commitee of the Technical University of Munich (685/21 S). This work was performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed Consent: Written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all patients. Consent to publish from individual participants was not required. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/05/07 12:32 MHDA- 2025/09/24 13:01 CRDT- 2025/05/07 11:24 PHST- 2024/12/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/24 13:01 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/07 12:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/07 11:24 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s15010-025-02544-6 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s15010-025-02544-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Infection. 2025 Oct;53(5):2045-2052. doi: 10.1007/s15010-025-02544-6. Epub 2025 May 7. PMID- 40331973 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250507 LR - 20250509 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 8 DP - 2025 Apr 8 TI - Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Baseline Immune Profiles After Third Vaccination Associated with Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Naive Individuals. LID - 10.3390/ijms26083494 [doi] LID - 3494 AB - Even though vaccines protected many from infection, not all were protected, and vaccinated individuals displayed a wide range of clinical outcomes, from complete protection against infection to multiple breakthrough infections. This study aimed to identify baseline differences following identical ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 in infection-free and breakthrough-infected individuals to find molecular signatures linked to enhanced SARS-CoV-2 protection. Samples from a previous longitudinal study were analyzed, classifying subjects as 'Protected' or 'Infected' based on infection status over two years. SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological assays and single-cell RNA sequencing evaluated baseline differences. Although humoral response measurements showed no significant difference, enhanced cellular responses via enzyme-linked immunospot assays were observed in the Protected group. Differentially expressed genes and pathway analysis of T/NK subsets showed the Infected group had reduced inflammation and interferon responses. The Infected group also displayed downregulated interaction with CD4+ T cells. B subset analysis revealed more memory B cells in the Infected group, accompanied by downregulation of immune regulatory genes and upregulation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier pathway. Our findings revealed differential molecular signatures in the baseline immune subsets of vaccinated individuals with prolonged protection and breakthrough infection. Reduced immune regulation and altered cell interactions may contribute to breakthrough infection, providing insights for future vaccine development and targeted protective strategies. FAU - Kang, Hyunhye AU - Kang H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1338-6451 AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinwon Medical Foundation, Gwangmyeong-si 14316, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Junseong AU - Park J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0436-8614 AD - Cancer Evolution Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea. AD - Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea. FAU - Bae, Hyunjoo AU - Bae H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5143-6806 AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea. FAU - Chung, Yeun-Jun AU - Chung YJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6943-5948 AD - Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Eun-Jee AU - Oh EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5870-915X AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea. AD - Research and Development Institute for In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea. LA - eng GR - NRF-2020R1A2B5B01001859/National Research Foundation of Korea/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250408 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/genetics/virology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Single-Cell Analysis/methods MH - Vaccination MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Sequence Analysis, RNA MH - Middle Aged MH - BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology PMC - PMC12027237 OTO - NOTNLM OT - NK OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - innate immunity OT - interferon OT - memory B cell OT - single-cell RNA sequencing OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/05/07 12:31 MHDA- 2025/05/07 12:32 PMCR- 2025/04/08 CRDT- 2025/05/07 10:14 PHST- 2025/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/07 12:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/07 12:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/07 10:14 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms26083494 [pii] AID - ijms-26-03494 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms26083494 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 8;26(8):3494. doi: 10.3390/ijms26083494. PMID- 40326950 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250506 LR - 20260912 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 97 IP - 5 DP - 2025 May TI - Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain-Targeted Specific Peripheral Memory B Cells in Patients With End-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Replacement Therapy Following COVID-19 Vaccination. PG - e70382 LID - 10.1002/jmv.70382 [doi] AB - Memory B cells (MBCs) are responsible for maintaining long-lasting functional B-cell immune responses. Little is known about the kinetics of peripheral blood (PB) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced MBCs in end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing replacement therapies. We investigated this issue in this prospective, observational cohort study including 27 patients (9 females and 18 males; median age, 68.4 years, range 48-82) comprising 20 hemodialysis patients and 7 Kidney transplant recipients. SARS-CoV-2-Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD)-targeted PB-MBCs were enumerated by flow cytometry using a tetramer-binding assay after the second COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose (Post-2D), before (Pre-3D), and after the first mRNA vaccine booster dose (Post-3D). Commercially available electrochemiluminescent immunoassays were used to measure total anti-RBD antibodies targeting an IgG against the S trimeric protein. Overall, 18/27 patients (66.6%) exhibited detectable RBD-MBC responses at Post-2D, 12/27 (44.4%) at Pre-3D, and 16/27 (59.2%) at Post-3D. RBD-MBC levels dropped non-significantly between post-2D and Pre-3D (p = 0.38). A nonsignificant increase in RBD-MBCs was noticed post-3D (p = 0.65). Overall, both antibody specificities displayed the same dynamics but the drop in anti-trimeric spike antibody levels between Post-2D and Pre-3D and increases post-3D were statistically significant (p < 0.001). No correlation (rho = 0.05; p = 0.64) was observed between total antibodies against RBD and RBD-MBC counts. The correlation between IgG antibodies against the trimeric S protein and SARS-CoV-2 RBD-MBC counts was very weak (rho, 0.18; p = 0.11). In summary, waning RBD-MBC counts Pre-3D and increases post-3D are less marked than that of anti-RBD and anti-S trimeric antibodies. CI - (c) 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Sanchez-Simarro, Angela AU - Sanchez-Simarro A AD - Microbiology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Panizo, Nayara AU - Panizo N AD - Nephrology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Gimenez, Estela AU - Gimenez E AD - Microbiology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. AD - Nephrology Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain. AD - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Albert, Eliseo AU - Albert E AD - Microbiology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Montomoli, Marco AU - Montomoli M AD - Nephrology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Sanchis, Irina AU - Sanchis I AD - Nephrology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Kanter, Julia AU - Kanter J AD - Nephrology Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Gorriz, Jose Luis AU - Gorriz JL AD - Nephrology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. AD - Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Navarro, David AU - Navarro D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3010-4110 AD - Microbiology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. AD - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. LA - eng GR - This study was supported by Eliseo Albert holds a contract (Juan Rodes JR20/00011) funded by the Carlos III Health Institute (co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, ERDF/FEDER. This study was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (FIS, PI21/00563) granted to David Navarro./ PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Aged MH - Middle Aged MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Kidney Failure, Chronic/immunology/therapy MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Renal Dialysis MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - booster vaccine dose OT - hemodialysis OT - kidney transplant recipients OT - memory B cells OT - spike-specific antibodies EDAT- 2025/05/06 12:42 MHDA- 2025/05/06 12:43 CRDT- 2025/05/06 10:12 PHST- 2025/04/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/06 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/06 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/06 10:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jmv.70382 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2025 May;97(5):e70382. doi: 10.1002/jmv.70382. PMID- 40301791 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250430 LR - 20250502 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Apr 29 TI - Short and long-term trajectories of the post COVID-19 condition: Results from the EuCARE POSTCOVID study. PG - 625 LID - 10.1186/s12879-025-10805-w [doi] LID - 625 AB - BACKGROUND: Post COVID-19 condition (PCC) affects 10-40% of patients and is characterized by persisting symptoms at >/= 4 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptoms can last 7 or even more months. How long PCC persists and any changes in its clinical phenotypes over time require further investigation. We investigated PCC trajectories and factors associated with PCC persistence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included both hospitalized COVID-19 patients and outpatients from February 2020 to June 2023, who underwent at least one follow-up visit after acute infection at San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan. Follow-up visits were conducted at the post COVID-19 clinic or via telemedicine. During each follow-up examination, patients completed a short version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Case Report Form (CRF) for ongoing symptoms, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and a screening tool for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Statistical analyses involved Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We enrolled 853 patients (median age 62, IQR 52-73; 41% females). 551/853 (64.6%), 152/418 (36.4%) and 21/69 (30.4%) presented PCC at median follow up of 3 (IQR 2-3), 7 (IQR 6-10) and 26 (IQR 20-33) months, respectively (p < 0.001). The main clinical phenotypes were fatigue, respiratory sequelae, brain fog and chronic pain; anosmia/dysgeusia was observed mostly in the first post-acute period. Female sex, acute disease in 2020, a longer hospital stay and no COVID-19 vaccination were associated with persistence or resolution of PCC compared to never having had PCC. Anxiety, depression and PTSD were more common in PCC patients. By fitting a logistic regression analysis, acute infection in 2020 remained independently associated with persistent PCC, adjusting for age, sex, preexisting comorbidities and disease severity (AOR 0.479 for 2021 vs 2020, 95%CI 0.253-0.908, p = 0.024; AOR 0.771 for 2022 vs 2020, 95%CI 0.259-2.297, p = 0.641; AOR 0.086 for 2023 vs 2020, 95%CI 0.086-3.830, p = 0.565). CONCLUSIONS: There was a reduction in the PCC burden 7 months following the acute phase; still, one third of patients experienced long-lasting symptoms. The main clinical presentations of PCC remain fatigue, respiratory symptoms, brain fog, and chronic pain. Having had SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic phases appears to be associated with persistent PCC. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Santoro, Andrea AU - Santoro A AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bai, Francesca AU - Bai F AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Greco, Maria Francesca AU - Greco MF AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Rovito, Roberta AU - Rovito R AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Sala, Matteo AU - Sala M AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Borghi, Lidia AU - Borghi L AD - Department of Health Sciences, Unit of Clinical Psychology, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Piscopo, Kyrie AU - Piscopo K AD - Department of Health Sciences, Unit of Clinical Psychology, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Vegni, Elena AU - Vegni E AD - Department of Health Sciences, Unit of Clinical Psychology, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - de Morais Caporali, Julia Fonseca AU - de Morais Caporali JF AD - School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Marinho, Carolina Coimbra AU - Marinho CC AD - School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Leite, Arnaldo Santos AU - Leite AS AD - School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Santoro, Maria Mercedes AU - Santoro MM AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. FAU - Silberstein, Francesca Ceccherini AU - Silberstein FC AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. FAU - Iannetta, Marco AU - Iannetta M AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. FAU - Juozapaite, Dovile AU - Juozapaite D AD - Vilnius Santaros Klinikos Biobank, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania. FAU - Strumiliene, Edita AU - Strumiliene E AD - Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Dermatovenerology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania. FAU - Almeida, Andre AU - Almeida A AD - Department of Internal Medicine 4, Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Lisboa Central, Centro Clinico Academico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Toscano, Cristina AU - Toscano C AD - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Quinones, Jesus Arturo Ruiz AU - Quinones JAR AD - Hospital Juan Graham Casasus, Villahermosa, Tab, Mexico. FAU - Carioti, Luca AU - Carioti L AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. FAU - Mommo, Chiara AU - Mommo C AD - EuResist Network GEIE, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fanti, Iuri AU - Fanti I AD - EuResist Network GEIE, Rome, Italy. FAU - Incardona, Francesca AU - Incardona F AD - EuResist Network GEIE, Rome, Italy. AD - InformaPRO S.R.L, Rome, Italy. FAU - Marchetti, Giulia AU - Marchetti G AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. giulia.marchetti@unimi.it. CN - EuCARE POSTCOVID study LA - eng GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ GR - No 101046016/Horizon 2020/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250429 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/psychology/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology MH - Anxiety/epidemiology MH - Depression/epidemiology MH - Fatigue PMC - PMC12039296 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long COVID OT - Post Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 OT - Post COVID-19 condition OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, ICH-GCP, and relevant national legal and regulatory requirements. The Ethics Committee Area A Milan and the Ethics Committee at each clinical research site have approved the study protocol, informed consent forms, and participant information materials before the beginning of the study commences (version 1.1; 08/02/2022). Each enrolled subjects sign an informed consent for study participation and personal data handling before enrollment. The confidentiality of all study participants will be protected, and all data will be kept confidential and stored in accordance with regulatory laws. Data dissemination will only occur in anonymous form, and personal information will not be released without the patient's written consent. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/04/30 00:31 MHDA- 2025/04/30 12:29 PMCR- 2025/04/29 CRDT- 2025/04/29 23:46 PHST- 2024/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/30 12:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/30 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/29 23:46 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-10805-w [pii] AID - 10805 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-10805-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 29;25(1):625. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-10805-w. PMID- 40300604 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250627 LR - 20260706 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 13 DP - 2025 Jun 26 TI - Macrophages direct location-dependent recall of B cell memory to vaccination. PG - 3477-3496.e22 LID - S0092-8674(25)00407-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2025.04.005 [doi] AB - Vaccines generate long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells (Bmems) that may re-enter secondary germinal centers (GCs) to further mutate their B cell receptor upon boosting and re-exposure to antigen. We show in mouse models that lymph nodes draining the site of primary vaccination harbor a subset of Bmems that reside in the subcapsular niche, generate larger recall responses, and are more likely to re-enter GCs compared with circulating Bmems in non-draining lymph nodes. This location-dependent recall of Bmems into the GC in the draining lymph node was dependent on CD169(+) subcapsular sinus macrophages (SSMs) in the subcapsular niche. In human participants, boosting of the BNT162b2 vaccine in the same arm generated more rapid secretion of broadly neutralizing antibodies, GC participation, and clonal expansion of SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells than boosting of the opposite arm. These data reveal an unappreciated role for primed draining lymph node SSMs in Bmem cell fate determination. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Dhenni, Rama AU - Dhenni R AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Carey Hoppe, Alexandra AU - Carey Hoppe A AD - Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Reynaldi, Arnold AU - Reynaldi A AD - Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Kyaw, Wunna AU - Kyaw W AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Handoko, Nathalie Tricia AU - Handoko NT AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Grootveld, Abigail K AU - Grootveld AK AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Keith, Yuki Honda AU - Keith YH AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bhattacharyya, Nayan Deger AU - Bhattacharyya ND AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Ahel, Holly I AU - Ahel HI AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Telfser, Aiden Josiah AU - Telfser AJ AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - McCorkindale, Andrew N AU - McCorkindale AN AD - Data Science Platform, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. FAU - Yazar, Seyhan AU - Yazar S AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bui, Christina H T AU - Bui CHT AD - St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cancer Plasticity and Dormancy Program, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. FAU - Smith, James T AU - Smith JT AD - St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cancer Plasticity and Dormancy Program, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. FAU - Khoo, Weng Hua AU - Khoo WH AD - Cancer Plasticity and Dormancy Program, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. FAU - Boyd, Mollie AU - Boyd M AD - Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Obeid, Solange AU - Obeid S AD - St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Milner, Brad AU - Milner B AD - St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Starr, Mitchell AU - Starr M AD - St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Brilot, Fabienne AU - Brilot F AD - Brain Autoimmunity Group, Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Milogiannakis, Vanessa AU - Milogiannakis V AD - Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Akerman, Anouschka AU - Akerman A AD - Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Aggarwal, Anupriya AU - Aggarwal A AD - Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Davenport, Miles P AU - Davenport MP AD - Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Deenick, Elissa K AU - Deenick EK AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Chaffer, Christine L AU - Chaffer CL AD - St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cancer Plasticity and Dormancy Program, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. FAU - Croucher, Peter I AU - Croucher PI AD - St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cancer Plasticity and Dormancy Program, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. FAU - Brink, Robert AU - Brink R AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Immune Biotherapies Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. FAU - Goldstein, Leonard D AU - Goldstein LD AD - St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Data Science Platform, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. FAU - Cromer, Deborah AU - Cromer D AD - Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Turville, Stuart G AU - Turville SG AD - Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Kelleher, Anthony D AU - Kelleher AD AD - Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: akelleher@kirby.unsw.edu.au. FAU - Venturi, Vanessa AU - Venturi V AD - Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: vventuri@kirby.unsw.edu.au. FAU - Munier, C Mee Ling AU - Munier CML AD - Immunovirology and Pathogenesis Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: cmunier@kirby.unsw.edu.au. FAU - Phan, Tri Giang AU - Phan TG AD - Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: t.phan@garvan.org.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250429 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Siglec1 protein, mouse) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Mice MH - Lymph Nodes/immunology MH - Germinal Center/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Humans MH - *Macrophages/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Plasma Cells/immunology MH - Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1/metabolism MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Male OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - affinity maturation OT - broadly neutralizing antibodies OT - germinal center OT - immune imprinting OT - memory OT - original antigenic sin OT - plasma cells OT - subcapsular sinus macrophage OT - vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/04/30 00:31 MHDA- 2025/06/28 00:39 CRDT- 2025/04/29 18:41 PHST- 2023/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/28 00:39 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/30 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/29 18:41 [entrez] AID - S0092-8674(25)00407-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2025.04.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2025 Jun 26;188(13):3477-3496.e22. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.04.005. Epub 2025 Apr 29. PMID- 40294012 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250428 LR - 20260930 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 4 DP - 2025 TI - Impact of memory T cells on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response in hematopoietic stem cell transplant. PG - e0320744 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0320744 [doi] LID - e0320744 AB - During the COVID-19 pandemic, hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients had elevated mortality rates from SARS-CoV-2 infection, ranging between 10-40%. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines are important tools in preventing severe disease, yet their efficacy post-transplant remains unclear, especially in patients subjected to myeloablative chemotherapy and immunosuppression. We evaluated humoral and adaptive immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination series in 42 HSCT recipients and 5 healthy controls. Post-vaccination responses were assessed by anti-spike IgG and nucleocapsid levels, and antigen specific T cell activity. Immune profiling was performed using clinical flow and mass cytometry. Patients were selected based on humoral and cellular responses for single-cell RNA with TCR and BCR sequencing. Our studies revealed defects in memory T cells that correlated with an absence of cellular response despite nearly universal humoral response. Several patients with a robust antibody response developed COVID-19 infection, but none developed severe disease or died from the infection. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 VanOudenhove et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - VanOudenhove, Jennifer AU - VanOudenhove J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8206-5542 AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Liu, Yuxin AU - Liu Y AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Nelakanti, Raman AU - Nelakanti R AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Kim, Dongjoo AU - Kim D AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Busarello, Emma AU - Busarello E AD - Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy. FAU - Ovalle, Natalia Tijaro AU - Ovalle NT AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Qi, Zhihong AU - Qi Z AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Mamillapalli, Padmavathi AU - Mamillapalli P AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Siddon, Alexa AU - Siddon A AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Bai, Zhiliang AU - Bai Z AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Axtmayer, Alfredo AU - Axtmayer A AD - Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Corso, Cheryl AU - Corso C AD - Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Kothari, Shalin AU - Kothari S AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Foss, Francine AU - Foss F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7843-3162 AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Isufi, Iris AU - Isufi I AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. AD - Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Tebaldi, Toma AU - Tebaldi T AD - Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy. FAU - Gowda, Lohith AU - Gowda L AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Fan, Rong AU - Fan R AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Seropian, Stuart AU - Seropian S AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. FAU - Halene, Stephanie AU - Halene S AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. AD - Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America. LA - eng GR - S10 OD026996/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 DK106857/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA016359/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA260507/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - S10 OD030363/OD/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. DEP - 20250428 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2023 Oct 27:2023.10.26.564259. doi: 10.1101/2023.10.26.564259. PMID: 37961434 MH - Humans MH - *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Adult MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Aged MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC12036906 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2025/04/28 18:32 MHDA- 2025/04/28 18:33 PMCR- 2025/04/28 CRDT- 2025/04/28 13:34 PHST- 2024/10/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/28 18:33 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/28 18:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/28 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-24-45083 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0320744 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2025 Apr 28;20(4):e0320744. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320744. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40270969 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250424 LR - 20250929 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Long COVID in pediatric age: an observational, prospective, longitudinal, multicenter study in Italy. PG - 1466201 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1466201 [doi] LID - 1466201 AB - INTRODUCTION: This observational prospective longitudinal multicenter study examines the occurrence and characteristics of long COVID (LC) in the Italian pediatric population. METHODS: Conducted across 12 Pediatric Units in Italy from January to March 2022, the study involved 1129 children diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Data were collected via self-administered questionnaires at 1-3 months, 3-6 months, and 6-12 months post-infection, with LC defined as symptoms persisting for at least 2 months and occurring 3 months post-diagnosis. RESULTS: Results revealed that 68.6% of children reported at least one post-COVID symptom, with 16.2% experiencing LC. The most frequent symptoms included respiratory issues (43.4%), neurological and cognitive dysfunction (27.7%), gastrointestinal symptoms (22.1%), fatigue (21.6%), and sleep disturbances (18.8%). Age and gender differences were significant, with older children and females more prone to cardiovascular and neurological & cognitive dysfunction. DISCUSSION: The study highlights that LC in children presents similarly to adults, though less frequently. The occurrence of LC was lower compared to adult populations, likely due to the generally milder course of COVID-19 in children. The findings underscore the need for targeted follow-up and support for affected children, especially considering the long-term persistence of symptoms. Further research is necessary to explore the impact of COVID-19 vaccines on pediatric LC and the effects of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. These insights are crucial for developing strategies to manage and mitigate long-term impacts in children recovering from COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Esposito, Puntoni, Deolmi, Ramundo, Maglietta, Poeta, Zampogna, Colomba, Suppiej, Cardinale, Bosis, Castagnola, Midulla, Giaquinto, Giordano, Biasucci, Fainardi, Nunziata, Grandinetti, Condemi, Raiola, Guarino, Caminiti and Long-Covid-Ped Italian Study Group. FAU - Esposito, Susanna AU - Esposito S AD - Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Puntoni, Matteo AU - Puntoni M AD - Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Deolmi, Michela AU - Deolmi M AD - Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Ramundo, Greta AU - Ramundo G AD - Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Maglietta, Giuseppe AU - Maglietta G AD - Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Poeta, Marco AU - Poeta M AD - Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Maternal and Childealth, University Hospital "Federico II", Naples, Italy. FAU - Zampogna, Stefania AU - Zampogna S AD - Department Pediatrics, Hospital of Crotone, Crotone, Italy. FAU - Colomba, Claudia AU - Colomba C AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, "G. Di Cristina" Hospital, ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Suppiej, Agnese AU - Suppiej A AD - Pediatric Clinic, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Cardinale, Fabio AU - Cardinale F AD - Complex Operating Unit Paediatrics, Giovanni XXIII Paediatric Hospital, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. FAU - Bosis, Samantha AU - Bosis S AD - S.C. Pediatria-Pneumoinfettivologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Castagnola, Elio AU - Castagnola E AD - Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Midulla, Fabio AU - Midulla F AD - Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Giaquinto, Carlo AU - Giaquinto C AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. FAU - Giordano, Paola AU - Giordano P AD - Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Pediatric Section, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy. FAU - Biasucci, Giacomo AU - Biasucci G AD - Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy. FAU - Fainardi, Valentina AU - Fainardi V AD - Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Nunziata, Francesco AU - Nunziata F AD - Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Maternal and Childealth, University Hospital "Federico II", Naples, Italy. FAU - Grandinetti, Roberto AU - Grandinetti R AD - Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Condemi, Anna AU - Condemi A AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, "G. Di Cristina" Hospital, ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Raiola, Giuseppe AU - Raiola G AD - Department of Pediatrics, "Pugliese-Ciaccio" Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Guarino, Alfredo AU - Guarino A AD - Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Maternal and Childealth, University Hospital "Federico II", Naples, Italy. FAU - Caminiti, Caterina AU - Caminiti C AD - Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy. CN - Long-Covid-Ped Italian Study Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20250409 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM CIN - Front Immunol. 2025 Sep 12;16:1624011. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1624011. PMID: 41019063 MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Child MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Infant MH - Age Factors PMC - PMC12015939 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - long COVID OT - neurological dysfunction OT - pediatric infectious diseases OT - post-COVID symptoms COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2025/04/24 12:28 MHDA- 2025/04/24 12:29 PMCR- 2025/01/01 CRDT- 2025/04/24 06:21 PHST- 2024/07/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/24 12:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/24 12:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/24 06:21 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1466201 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Apr 9;16:1466201. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1466201. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40246347 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250417 LR - 20260526 IS - 1878-0814 (Electronic) IS - 1877-1173 (Linking) VI - 213 DP - 2025 TI - Analysis of the immune response in COVID-19. PG - 31-71 LID - S1877-1173(24)00198-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.10.004 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic, instigated by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has emerged as a significant global health challenge, demanding a profound grasp of the immune response. The innate immune system, a multifaceted network encompassing pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and effector cells, assumes a pivotal function in detecting and countering this viral assailant. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), situated on immune cell surfaces and within endosomes, play a central role in recognizing SARS-CoV-2. TLR-2 and TLR-4 discern specific viral constituents, such as the spike (S) protein, setting off inflammatory signaling cascades and catalyzing the generation of type I interferons. Intracellular PRRs, including the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), RIG-I and MDA5, detect viral RNA within the cytoplasm of infected cells, provoking antiviral responses by initiating the synthesis of type I interferons. The equilibrium between interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines dictates the outcomes of the disease. Interferons play an indispensable role in governing viral replication, while unregulated cytokine production can result in tissue harm and inflammation. This intricate dynamic underpins therapeutic strategies aimed at regulating immune responses in individuals grappling with COVID-19. Natural killer (NK) cells, with their capacity to recognize infected cells through the "missing self" phenomenon and activating receptors, make significant contributions to the defense against SARS-CoV-2. NK cells play a pivotal role in eliminating infected cells and boosting immune responses through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). In conclusion, comprehending the interplay among PRRs, interferons, and NK cells within innate immunity is paramount for discerning and combatting SARS-CoV-2. This comprehension illuminates therapeutic interventions and vaccine development, casting light on our endeavors to confront this worldwide health crisis. CI - Copyright (c) 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Hromic-Jahjefendic, Altijana AU - Hromic-Jahjefendic A AD - Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Electronic address: ahromic@ius.edu.ba. FAU - Aljabali, Alaa A A AU - Aljabali AAA AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250126 PL - Netherlands TA - Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci JT - Progress in molecular biology and translational science JID - 101498165 RN - 0 (Toll-Like Receptors) RN - 0 (Receptors, Pattern Recognition) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunity, Innate MH - Pandemics MH - Toll-Like Receptors/immunology/metabolism MH - Receptors, Pattern Recognition OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immune memory OT - Immune response OT - Receptors OT - SARS-CoV-2 EDAT- 2025/04/18 00:25 MHDA- 2025/04/18 00:26 CRDT- 2025/04/17 20:57 PHST- 2025/04/18 00:26 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/18 00:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/17 20:57 [entrez] AID - S1877-1173(24)00198-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.10.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2025;213:31-71. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.10.004. Epub 2025 Jan 26. PMID- 40244315 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250420 IS - 2731-4383 (Electronic) IS - 2731-4383 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Apr 17 TI - COVID-19 and cognitive impairment: a review of the emerging evidence. PG - 56 LID - 10.1007/s44192-025-00189-3 [doi] LID - 56 AB - The recent surge of COVID-19 cases has raised concerns about its potential long-term effects on cognitive function. This review explores the growing body of research investigating the link between COVID-19 infection and cognitive impairment. Studies employing observational, longitudinal, and case-control designs reveal a concerning prevalence of cognitive impairment in survivors, affecting domains like attention, memory, executive function, and processing speed. The persistence of these deficits for months after the initial infection highlights the potential for long-term consequences. While the precise mechanisms remain under investigation, potential contributing factors include neuroinflammation, hypoxia, and psychological effects. Limitations within the current research landscape necessitate further investigation into the long-term trajectory of cognitive decline, the potential for intervention and recovery, and the role of vaccination in mitigating these effects. Understanding the multifaceted nature of this issue is crucial for developing effective strategies to ensure optimal cognitive health outcomes for COVID-19 survivors. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Aderinto, Nicholas AU - Aderinto N AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. nicholasoluwaseyi6@gmail.com. FAU - Olatunji, Gbolahan AU - Olatunji G AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. FAU - Kokori, Emmanuel AU - Kokori E AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. FAU - Ogieuhi, Ikponmwosa Jude AU - Ogieuhi IJ AD - Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia. FAU - Yusuf, Ismaila Ajayi AU - Yusuf IA AD - Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. FAU - Egbunu, Emmanuel AU - Egbunu E AD - Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Nigeria. FAU - Ukoaka, Bonaventure Michael AU - Ukoaka BM AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Asokoro District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Babalola, Adetola Emmanuel AU - Babalola AE AD - Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. FAU - Adefusi, Temiloluwa Oluwakorede AU - Adefusi TO AD - Department of Medicine & Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria. FAU - Aboje, John Ehi AU - Aboje JE AD - College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue, Nigeria. FAU - Moradeyo, Abdulrahmon AU - Moradeyo A AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250417 PL - Switzerland TA - Discov Ment Health JT - Discover mental health JID - 9918350483906676 PMC - PMC12006571 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attention OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognitive decline OT - Cognitive impairment COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval: Not applicable. Consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/04/17 12:26 MHDA- 2025/04/17 12:27 PMCR- 2025/04/17 CRDT- 2025/04/17 11:06 PHST- 2024/08/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/17 12:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/17 12:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/17 11:06 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s44192-025-00189-3 [pii] AID - 189 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s44192-025-00189-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Discov Ment Health. 2025 Apr 17;5(1):56. doi: 10.1007/s44192-025-00189-3. PMID- 40242765 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250417 LR - 20260917 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Distinct immune memory induced by SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent liver transplant recipients. PG - 1420150 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1420150 [doi] LID - 1420150 AB - The understanding of how the host immune response differs in T-cell phenotype and memory formation during SARS-CoV-2 infection in liver transplant recipients (LTRs) remains limited. LTRs who recovered from COVID-19 infection without prior vaccination represent a unique population for studying immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Six LTRs with positive neutralizing antibodies (nAb+) and six LTRs with negative nAb (nAb-) were included at 6 months following COVID-19 infection. It was found that nAb+ LTRs had higher anti-RBD IgG titers and greater neutralizing percent inhibition compared to nAb- LTRs. Fifteen T-cell subsets were identified in COVID-19 convalescent LTRs, and it was shown that only terminal effector CD8+ - 3 decreased in the nAb+ group, while elevated IL-10 expression levels were found in the nAb- group. After stimulation with the SARS-CoV-2 XBB spike peptide pool in vitro, it was observed that the nAb+ group exhibited an increase in effector memory CD4+ cells with lower PD-1 expression, a reduction in effector memory CD4+ - 2 cells, and terminal effector CD8+ - 3 cells, while the nAb- group showed high expression of CTLA-4 and IL-10 in terminal effector CD8+ - 3 cells. Four SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell subsets were identified, with high expression of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma in terminal effector CD8+ - 1 and terminal effector CD8+ - 2 cells in both groups. Perforin was mainly detected in terminal effector CD8+ - 2 cells in nAb+ LTRs. In addition to these proportional differences, stem cell memory CD4+ cells with higher IL-17A expression and stem cell memory CD8+ cells with higher CTLA-4 expression were also found in nAb- LTRs. These findings suggest that LTRs who developed nAb+ following SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit stronger T-cell responses, with more robust immune activation and memory recall, compared to nAb- LTRs. This study underscores the importance of understanding T-cell responses during SARS-CoV-2 recovery for guiding vaccination strategies and managing immunity in LTRs. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Liu, Wu, Duan, Zhang, Wang, Chen, Sun, Zhang, Wang, Sun, Ouyang and Li. FAU - Liu, Mengcheng AU - Liu M AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Feng AU - Wu F AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Duan, Binwei AU - Duan B AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Yuxuan AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Wenjing AU - Wang W AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Zhuangzhuang AU - Chen Z AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Sun, Yibo AU - Sun Y AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Gongming AU - Zhang G AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Yifei AU - Wang Y AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Sun, Yueyi AU - Sun Y AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Ouyang, Yabo AU - Ouyang Y AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. AD - Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Guangming AU - Li G AD - Department of General Surgery Center, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. AD - Clinical Center for Liver Cancer, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250402 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Liver Transplantation MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - Male MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Adult MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Transplant Recipients MH - Aged MH - Interleukin-10 MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology MH - Convalescence PMC - PMC12000081 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 convalescent OT - T cell phenotype OT - immune memory OT - liver transplant recipients OT - neutralizing antibodies COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/04/17 10:57 MHDA- 2025/04/17 10:58 PMCR- 2025/01/01 CRDT- 2025/04/17 05:08 PHST- 2024/04/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/17 10:58 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/17 10:57 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/17 05:08 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1420150 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Apr 2;16:1420150. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1420150. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40222009 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250425 LR - 20250530 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 44 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Apr 22 TI - Phenotypic heterogeneity defines B cell responses to repeated SARS-CoV-2 exposures through vaccination and infection. PG - 115557 LID - S2211-1247(25)00328-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115557 [doi] AB - Long-lived humoral memory is key to durable immunity against pathogens yet remains challenging to define due to heterogeneity among antigen-reactive B cells. We addressed this gap through longitudinal sampling over the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccinations with or without breakthrough infection. High-dimensional phenotypic profiling performed on approximately 72 million B cells showed that receptor-binding domain (RBD) reactivity was associated with five distinct immunoglobulin G (IgG) B cell populations. Two expressed the activation marker CD71, both correlated with neutralizing antibodies, yet the one lacking the memory marker CD27 was induced by vaccination and blunted by infection. Two were resting memory populations; one lacking CD73 arose early and contributed to cross-reactivity; the other, expressing CD73, arose later and correlated with neutralizing antibodies. The fifth, a rare germinal center-like population, contributed to recall responses and was highly cross reactive. Overall, robust and distinct responses to booster vaccination overcame the superiority of hybrid immunity provided by breakthrough infection. CI - Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Kardava, Lela AU - Kardava L AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Lim, James AU - Lim J AD - Monoceros Biosystems, San Diego, CA 29130, USA. FAU - Buckner, Clarisa M AU - Buckner CM AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Lopes de Assis, Felipe AU - Lopes de Assis F AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Zhang, Xiaozhen AU - Zhang X AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Wang, Wei AU - Wang W AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Melnyk, Mattie L AU - Melnyk ML AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - El Merhebi, Omar AU - El Merhebi O AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Trihemasava, Krittin AU - Trihemasava K AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Teng, I-Ting AU - Teng IT AD - Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Carroll, Robin AU - Carroll R AD - Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Jethmalani, Yogita AU - Jethmalani Y AD - Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Castro, Mike AU - Castro M AD - Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Lin, Bob C AU - Lin BC AD - Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Praiss, Lauren H AU - Praiss LH AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Seamon, Catherine A AU - Seamon CA AD - Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Kwong, Peter D AU - Kwong PD AD - Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Koup, Richard A AU - Koup RA AD - Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Serebryannyy, Leonid AU - Serebryannyy L AD - Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Nickle, David C AU - Nickle DC AD - Monoceros Biosystems, San Diego, CA 29130, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. FAU - Chun, Tae-Wook AU - Chun TW AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Moir, Susan AU - Moir S AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: smoir@niaid.nih.gov. LA - eng GR - ZIA AI001325/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250412 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Phenotype MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC12080740 MID - NIHMS2076671 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 mRNA vaccines OT - CP: Immunology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive immune memory OT - antibodies OT - booster vaccination OT - breakthrough infection OT - hybrid immunity COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/04/13 23:18 MHDA- 2025/04/25 13:47 PMCR- 2025/05/15 CRDT- 2025/04/13 12:36 PHST- 2024/09/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/25 13:47 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/13 23:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/13 12:36 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(25)00328-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115557 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2025 Apr 22;44(4):115557. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115557. Epub 2025 Apr 12. PMID- 40217186 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250412 LR - 20250414 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Apr 11 TI - Association between infant feeding practices, COVID-19 related cognitive factors, and postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional online study in Thailand. PG - 1366 LID - 10.1186/s12889-025-22672-w [doi] LID - 1366 AB - BACKGROUND: Maternal beliefs towards COVID-19 vaccine safety may be associated with infant feeding practice and postpartum depression (PPD). Since there is a paucity of studies, this study aims to identify associations of COVID-19-related cognitive factors (e.g., COVID-19-vaccination-related belief and COVID-19-related knowledge and attitude) with infant feeding practices and their associations with PPD during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thai postpartum mothers. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 840 postpartum mothers whose infants were less than or equal to 6 months old. Mothers with a score >/= 13 using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were considered to have PPD. Student t-tests were used to measure the association between infant feeding practices and COVID-19-related cognitive factors, and Chi-square tests were used to assess their associations with PPD. Significant variables (p < 0.05) from the chi-square test were included in the logistic regression analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with PPD. The associations were reported in adjusted odds ratio at 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: This study showed one-third of the participants (32.4%) were at risk of having PPD. Mothers who fed expressed breastmilk had positive beliefs towards COVID-19 vaccination and higher scores on COVID-19 knowledge and attitude, while mothers who fed infant formula or solid, semi-solid, or soft food had negative beliefs towards the vaccination compared to their counterparts. Multivariable logistic regression showed women who fed their infant with solid, semi-solid, and soft foods (AOR = 3.28; 95% CI = 1.35-10.92) had significantly higher odds of PPD. Among COVID-19-related cognitive factors, negative or moderate COVID-19-related attitudes were associated with higher odds of PPD (1.91; 1.19-3.07 and 1.85; 1.20-2.86, respectively). Socio-demographic factors associated with PPD included living in urban areas, residing outside the Southern region, having food insecurity during the pandemic, having unintended pregnancy, and having health problems during the perinatal period. CONCLUSIONS: The association of COVID-19-related cognitive factors and feeding practices with PPD may suggest that proper education on prevention, control, and vaccination of emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19, as well as support for appropriate infant feeding practices, should be provided to postpartum mothers, which ultimately contributes to improving their mental health. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Suriyawongpaisal, Wichukorn AU - Suriyawongpaisal W AD - ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand. FAU - Kittikul, Punpawee AU - Kittikul P AD - Breastfeeding Clinic Nakhon Pathom Hospital, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. FAU - Lee, Eun Young AU - Lee EY AD - Department of Nursing, Catholic Kkottongnae University, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea. FAU - Chien, Li-Yin AU - Chien LY AD - Institute of Community Health Care, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan. FAU - Chang, Yan-Shing AU - Chang YS AD - Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, SE1 8WA, London, UK. FAU - Coca, Kelly Pereira AU - Coca KP AD - Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Buntup, Doungjai AU - Buntup D AD - Department of Community Health, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Hong, Seo Ah AU - Hong SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6702-8038 AD - Department of Public Health Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, 420/1 Ratchawithi RD., Ratchathewi District, Bangkok, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand. seoah.hon@mahidol.ac.th. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250411 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/psychology/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *Depression, Postpartum/epidemiology/psychology MH - Thailand/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - *Breast Feeding/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Infant MH - *Mothers/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC11987166 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 knowledge and attitude OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Infant feeding practices OT - Postpartum depression OT - Postpartum mothers COIS- Declarations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Conflict of interest: The authors declared no conflict of interests. Ethical approval and informed consent: An ethical committee at Mahidol University in Thailand approved the study protocol (No.: 2021/03-042). The study was in accordance with relevant institutional guidelines in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided an online informed consent prior to survey initiation after explanation of the study objectives, assurance of the confidentiality of their identity and assurance that choosing not to participate would not disadvantage them in any way. EDAT- 2025/04/12 00:43 MHDA- 2025/04/12 00:44 PMCR- 2025/04/11 CRDT- 2025/04/11 23:44 PHST- 2023/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/12 00:44 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/12 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/11 23:44 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-22672-w [pii] AID - 22672 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-22672-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2025 Apr 11;25(1):1366. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22672-w. PMID- 40213554 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250411 LR - 20250412 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Longitudinal cellular and humoral immune responses following COVID-19 BNT162b2-mRNA-based booster vaccination of craft and manual workers in Qatar. PG - 1557426 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1557426 [doi] LID - 1557426 AB - BACKGROUND: In March 2020, the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 prompted global vaccination campaigns to mitigate COVID-19 disease severity and mortality. The 2-dose BNT162b2-mRNA vaccine effectively reduced infection and mortality rates, however, waning vaccine effectiveness necessitated the introduction of a third vaccine dose or booster. AIM: To assess the magnitude and longevity of booster-induced immunity, we conducted a longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular and humoral immune responses among Qatar's vulnerable craft and manual worker community. We also investigated the impact of prior naturally acquired immunity on booster vaccination efficacy. METHODS: Seventy healthy participants were enrolled in the study, of whom half had prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Blood samples were collected before and after booster vaccination to evaluate immune responses through SARS-CoV-2 specific ELISpots, IgG ELISA, neutralization assays, and flow cytometric immunophenotyping. RESULTS: T cell analysis revealed increased Th1 cytokine responses, marked by enhanced IFN-gamma release, in recently infected participants, which was further enhanced by booster vaccination for up to 6-months. Furthermore, booster vaccination stimulated cytotoxic responses in infection-naive participants, characterized by granzyme B production. Both natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and booster vaccination induced robust and durable SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral immune responses, with high neutralizing antibody levels. Prior natural infection was also linked to an increased number of class-switched B cells prior to booster vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the importance of booster vaccination in enhancing anti-viral immunity across both infection-naive and previously infected individuals, enhancing distinct arms of the anti-viral immune response and prolonging naturally acquired immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Thomas, Zaqout, Meqbel, Jafar, Vaikath, Aldushain, Naik, Shaath, Al-Akl, Adam, Moussa, Shin, Taha, Abukhattab, Almaslamani, Alajez, Arredouani, Park, Abdulla, El-Agnaf, Omrani and Decock. FAU - Thomas, Remy AU - Thomas R AD - Translational Oncology Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Zaqout, Ahmed AU - Zaqout A AD - Communicable Disease Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Meqbel, Bakhita AU - Meqbel B AD - Translational Oncology Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Jafar, Umar AU - Jafar U AD - Translational Oncology Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. AD - College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Vaikath, Nishant N AU - Vaikath NN AD - Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Aldushain, Abdullah AU - Aldushain A AD - Communicable Disease Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Naik, Adviti AU - Naik A AD - Translational Oncology Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Shaath, Hibah AU - Shaath H AD - Translational Oncology Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Al-Akl, Neyla S AU - Al-Akl NS AD - Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Adam, Abdi AU - Adam A AD - Clinical Core, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Moussa, Houda Y A AU - Moussa HYA AD - Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Shin, Kyung C AU - Shin KC AD - Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Taha, Rowaida Z AU - Taha RZ AD - Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Abukhattab, Mohammed AU - Abukhattab M AD - Communicable Disease Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Almaslamani, Muna A AU - Almaslamani MA AD - Communicable Disease Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Alajez, Nehad M AU - Alajez NM AD - Translational Oncology Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. AD - College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Arredouani, Abdelilah AU - Arredouani A AD - College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. AD - Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Park, Yongsoo AU - Park Y AD - College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. AD - Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Abdulla, Sara A AU - Abdulla SA AD - College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. AD - Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - El-Agnaf, Omar M A AU - El-Agnaf OMA AD - College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. AD - Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. FAU - Omrani, Ali S AU - Omrani AS AD - Communicable Disease Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar. AD - College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Decock, Julie AU - Decock J AD - Translational Oncology Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. AD - College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250327 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Qatar MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Immunity, Cellular MH - Middle Aged MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - Young Adult MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage PMC - PMC11983602 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - booster OT - immune response OT - immunological memory COIS- All authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.​ The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2025/04/11 06:25 MHDA- 2025/04/11 12:28 PMCR- 2025/01/01 CRDT- 2025/04/11 05:51 PHST- 2025/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/11 12:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/11 06:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/11 05:51 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1557426 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Mar 27;16:1557426. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1557426. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40196126 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250409 LR - 20261017 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Memory B cell proliferation drives differences in neutralising responses between ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. PG - 1487066 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1487066 [doi] LID - 1487066 AB - INTRODUCTION: Vaccination against COVID-19 has been pivotal in reducing the global burden of the disease. However, Phase III trial results and observational studies underscore differences in efficacy across vaccine technologies and dosing regimens. Notably, mRNA vaccines have exhibited superior effectiveness compared to Adenovirus (AdV) vaccines, especially with extended dosing intervals. METHODS: Using in-host mechanistic modelling, this study elucidates these variations and unravels the biological mechanisms shaping the immune responses at the cellular level. We used data on the change in memory B cells, plasmablasts, and antibody titres after the second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine for Australian healthcare workers. Alongside this dataset, we constructed a kinetic model of humoral immunity which jointly captured the dynamics of multiple immune markers, and integrated hierarchical effects into this kinetics model, including age, dosing schedule, and vaccine type. RESULTS: Our analysis estimated that mRNA vaccines induced 2.1 times higher memory B cell proliferation than AdV vaccines after adjusting for age, interval between doses and priming dose. Additionally, extending the duration between the second vaccine dose and priming dose beyond 28 days boosted neutralising antibody production per plasmablast concentration by 30%. We also found that antibody responses after the second dose were more persistent when mRNA vaccines were used over AdV vaccines and for longer dosing regimens. DISCUSSION: Reconstructing in-host kinetics in response to vaccination could help optimise vaccine dosing regimens, improve vaccine efficacy in different population groups, and inform the design of future vaccines for enhanced protection against emerging pathogens. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Hodgson, Liu, Carolan, Mahanty, Subbarao, Sullivan, Fox and Kucharski. FAU - Hodgson, David AU - Hodgson D AD - Centre of Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Liu, Yi AU - Liu Y AD - WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Carolan, Louise AU - Carolan L AD - WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Mahanty, Siddhartha AU - Mahanty S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Subbarao, Kanta AU - Subbarao K AD - WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Sullivan, Sheena G AU - Sullivan SG AD - WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Fox, Annette AU - Fox A AD - WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Kucharski, Adam AU - Kucharski A AD - Centre of Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - HHSN272201400005C/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI141534/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250324 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2024 Jul 11:2024.07.11.24310221. doi: 10.1101/2024.07.11.24310221. PMID: 39040163 MH - Humans MH - BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Cell Proliferation MH - Adult MH - Vaccination MH - Middle Aged MH - Australia MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Female MH - Immunity, Humoral PMC - PMC11974255 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - immunology OT - mathematical modelling OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/04/08 06:24 MHDA- 2025/04/08 06:25 PMCR- 2025/01/01 CRDT- 2025/04/08 04:27 PHST- 2024/08/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/08 06:25 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/08 06:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/08 04:27 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1487066 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Mar 24;16:1487066. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1487066. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40191213 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250515 LR - 20250515 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2025 TI - Enhanced and long-lasting SARS-CoV-2 immune memory in individuals with common cold coronavirus cross-reactive T cell immunity. PG - 1501704 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1501704 [doi] LID - 1501704 AB - With the continuous emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants, long-lasting and broadly reactive cellular and humoral immunity is critical for durable protection from COVID-19. We investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in relation to antibodies, infection outcome and disease severity and assessed its durability in a longitudinal cohort over a three-year time course. We identified pre-existing T cells reactive to the seasonal coronavirus (CoV) OC43 that cross-react with the conserved SARS-CoV-2 spike S(813-829) peptide. These cross-reactive T cells increased in frequency following SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination and correlated with enhanced spike-specific T cell responses and significantly reduced viral loads. Furthermore, our data revealed that CoV-cross-reactive T cells were maintained as part of the long-lasting memory response, contributing to increased T cell frequencies against omicron variants. These findings suggest a functional role of CoV-cross-reactive T cells that extends beyond the initial SARS-CoV-2 exposure, contributing to enhanced immunity against highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 variants. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Florian, Bauer, Popovitsch, Fae, Springer, Graninger, Traugott, Weseslindtner, Aberle, Fischer, Kundi, Stiasny, Zoufaly, Landry and Aberle. FAU - Florian, David M AU - Florian DM AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Bauer, Michael AU - Bauer M AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Popovitsch, Amelie AU - Popovitsch A AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Fae, Ingrid AU - Fae I AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Springer, David N AU - Springer DN AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Graninger, Marianne AU - Graninger M AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Traugott, Marianna AU - Traugott M AD - Department of Medicine IV, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Weseslindtner, Lukas AU - Weseslindtner L AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Aberle, Stephan W AU - Aberle SW AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Fischer, Gottfried AU - Fischer G AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kundi, Michael AU - Kundi M AD - Center for Public Health, Department for Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Stiasny, Karin AU - Stiasny K AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Zoufaly, Alexander AU - Zoufaly A AD - Department of Medicine IV, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Landry, Samuel J AU - Landry SJ AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States. FAU - Aberle, Judith H AU - Aberle JH AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250321 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Cross Reactions/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Adult MH - *Common Cold/immunology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Viral Load MH - Aged MH - Coronavirus OC43, Human/immunology PMC - PMC11968687 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4 T cell response OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cell-mediated immunity OT - long term immunity OT - mRNA vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/04/07 06:25 MHDA- 2025/04/07 06:26 PMCR- 2025/01/01 CRDT- 2025/04/07 05:15 PHST- 2024/09/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/07 06:26 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/07 06:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/07 05:15 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1501704 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2025 Mar 21;16:1501704. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1501704. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40173043 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250425 LR - 20250426 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 44 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Apr 22 TI - Long-lasting antibody B-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 three years after the onset of the pandemic. PG - 115498 LID - S2211-1247(25)00269-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115498 [doi] AB - Immune memory is essential for the effectiveness of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. In the current context of the pandemic, with a diminished vaccine efficacy against emerging variants, it remains crucial to perform long-term studies to evaluate the durability and quality of immune responses. Here, we examined the antibody and memory B-cell responses in a cohort of 113 healthcare workers with distinct exposure histories over a 3-year period. Previously infected and naive participants developed comparable humoral responses by 17 months after receiving a full three-dose mRNA vaccination. In addition, both maintained a substantial SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory B-cell pool, associated with a lower incidence of breakthrough infections in naive participants. Of note, previously infected participants developed an expanded SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD27(-)CD21(-) atypical B-cell population that remained stable throughout the follow-up period. Thus, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection differentially imprints the memory B-cell compartment without compromising the development of long-lasting humoral responses. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Molinos-Albert, Luis M AU - Molinos-Albert LM AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: luis.molinos@isglobal.org. FAU - Rubio, Rocio AU - Rubio R AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Martin-Perez, Carla AU - Martin-Perez C AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Pradenas, Edwards AU - Pradenas E AD - IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain. FAU - Torres, Celia AU - Torres C AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Jimenez, Alfons AU - Jimenez A AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Canyelles, Mar AU - Canyelles M AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Vidal, Marta AU - Vidal M AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Barrios, Diana AU - Barrios D AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Marfil, Silvia AU - Marfil S AD - IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain. FAU - Aparicio, Ester AU - Aparicio E AD - IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain. FAU - Ramirez-Morros, Anna AU - Ramirez-Morros A AD - Unitat de Suport a la Recerca de la Catalunya Central, Fundacio Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJG), Manresa, Spain. FAU - Trinite, Benjamin AU - Trinite B AD - IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain. FAU - Vidal-Alaball, Josep AU - Vidal-Alaball J AD - Unitat de Suport a la Recerca de la Catalunya Central, Fundacio Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJG), Manresa, Spain; Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group (PROSAARU), Gerencia Territorial de la Catalunya Central, Institut Catala de la Salut, Manresa, Spain; Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (uVic-UCC), Vic, Spain. FAU - Santamaria, Pere AU - Santamaria P AD - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Serra, Pau AU - Serra P AD - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Izquierdo, Luis AU - Izquierdo L AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Aguilar, Ruth AU - Aguilar R AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Ruiz-Comellas, Anna AU - Ruiz-Comellas A AD - Unitat de Suport a la Recerca de la Catalunya Central, Fundacio Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atencio Primaria de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJG), Manresa, Spain; Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group (PROSAARU), Gerencia Territorial de la Catalunya Central, Institut Catala de la Salut, Manresa, Spain; Centre d'Atencio Primaria (CAP) Sant Joan de Vilatorrada, Gerencia Territorial de la Catalunya Central, Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Manresa, Spain; Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (uVic-UCC), Vic, Spain. FAU - Blanco, Julia AU - Blanco J AD - IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (uVic-UCC), Vic, Spain; Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain. FAU - Dobano, Carlota AU - Dobano C AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: carlota.dobano@isglobal.org. FAU - Moncunill, Gemma AU - Moncunill G AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: gemma.moncunill@isglobal.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250401 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/epidemiology/prevention & control/virology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Pandemics MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Health Personnel MH - Immunity, Humoral OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - CP: Immunology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - atypical memory B cells OT - humoral immunology OT - immune memory OT - longitudinal cohorts COIS- Declaration of interests J.B. reports institutional grants from Grifols, HIPRA, NESAPOR Europe, and MSD and honoraria for consulting from HIPRA, NESAPOR Europe, La Caixa Foundation, and MSD. Unrelated to the submitted work, J.B. is a founder and shareholder of AlbaJuna Therapeutics. P. Santamaria is a founder, scientific officer, and stockholder of Parvus Therapeutics and receives funding from the company. He also has a consulting agreement with Sanofi. EDAT- 2025/04/02 18:24 MHDA- 2025/04/25 13:46 CRDT- 2025/04/02 12:35 PHST- 2024/09/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/25 13:46 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/02 18:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/02 12:35 [entrez] AID - S2211-1247(25)00269-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115498 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2025 Apr 22;44(4):115498. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115498. Epub 2025 Apr 1. PMID- 40163003 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250514 LR - 20250514 IS - 0019-1442 (Print) IS - 0019-1442 (Linking) VI - 78 IP - 3-04 DP - 2025 Mar 30 TI - Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid: Clinical features and laboratory findings of hospitalized patients with neurologic symptoms in the pandemic era. PG - 136-144 LID - 10.18071/isz.77.0136 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: High titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) have been reported in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with COVID-19, but the data are limited. Our purpose is to report the clinical features and CSF findings of patients with neurologic symptoms in the pandemic era, and to discuss the origin and importance of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in CSF. METHODS: The data of 100 patients hospitalized in neurology inpatient clinics and tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in CSF samples, between May 2021 and March 2022, were evaluated in a retrospective manner. Demographic features, presence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and/or COVID-19 history, vaccination, vaccine type, and neurologic diagnoses were noted. CSF and serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody ratio (AR) were assessed using a Euroimmun ELISA assay. CSF cytology, CSF protein level, oligoclonal band, IgG index, and albumin quotient (QAlb) were analyzed and compared between CSF AR positive and negative groups. RESULTS: QAlb and CSF protein levels were higher in the CSF anti-SARS-CoV-2 AR-positive group compared with CSF anti-SARS-CoV-2 AR-negative group (p. CONCLUSION: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in CSF seem to be related to a past immunization or a pre-existing cross reactive immunity and passive diffusion through a disrupted blood-brain-barrier, but not to an intrathecal antibody synthesis. FAU - Alpaydin Baslo, Sezin AU - Alpaydin Baslo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4096-3552 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Yuksel, Burcu AU - Yuksel B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3976-5564 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Baytekin, Isil AU - Baytekin I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6044-7360 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Incesoy, Araz Ceren AU - Incesoy AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4865-1481 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Kara, Eda Salihoglu AU - Kara ES AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8756-7322 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Koseoglu, Mesrure AU - Koseoglu M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0469-0064 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Teker, Serap AU - Teker S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6825-8380 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Cengizler, Begum AU - Cengizler B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4341-5295 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Oktelik, Fatma Betul AU - Oktelik FB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7994-5618 AD - Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. AD - Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Sen, Aysu AU - Sen A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6192-4552 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Atakli, Dilek AU - Atakli D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6458-8374 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Deniz, Gunnur AU - Deniz G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0721-6213 AD - Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Soysal, Aysun AU - Soysal A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1598-5944 AD - University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatric, Neurologic, and Neurosurgical Diseases, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article TT - SARS-CoV-2 elleni antitestek az agy-gerincveloi folyadekban: neurologiai tunetekkel korhazba kerult betegek klinikai jellemzoi es laboratoriumi leletei a vilagjarvany idejen. PL - Hungary TA - Ideggyogy Sz JT - Ideggyogyaszati szemle JID - 17510500R RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/cerebrospinal fluid/immunology/complications/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Antibodies, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunoglobulin G/cerebrospinal fluid/blood MH - Aged MH - *Nervous System Diseases/cerebrospinal fluid/virology MH - Adult MH - Hospitalization OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody OT - cerebrospinal fluid EDAT- 2025/03/31 21:16 MHDA- 2025/03/31 21:17 CRDT- 2025/03/31 10:53 PHST- 2025/03/31 21:17 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/31 21:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/31 10:53 [entrez] AID - 10.18071/isz.77.0136 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ideggyogy Sz. 2025 Mar 30;78(3-04):136-144. doi: 10.18071/isz.77.0136. PMID- 40144475 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250328 IS - 0253-8253 (Print) IS - 2227-0426 (Electronic) IS - 0253-8253 (Linking) VI - 2025 IP - 1 DP - 2025 TI - A comparison of Gam-COVID-Vac vaccination and non-vaccination on neurological symptoms and immune response in post-COVID-19 syndrome. PG - 6 LID - 10.5339/qmj.2025.6 [doi] LID - 6 AB - The post-COVID-19 syndrome may present with a range of neurological symptoms such as headaches, sleep disorders, and dizziness. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine in mitigating the neurological symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome. The study involved 95 patients diagnosed with the neurological form of long COVID-19, who were divided into two groups according to their vaccination status. The immunological parameters of humoral immunity were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the parameters of cellular immunity were evaluated using flow cytometry. Administration of the vaccination resulted in a reduction in clinical symptoms of the neurological form of long COVID-19. Statistically significant differences (p = 0.035) were found in symptoms such as headaches, sleep disturbances, and dizziness, especially in central nervous system (CNS) disorders, between the groups that received the vaccination and those that did not. More than 90% of patients had elevated levels of Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G against the viral S-protein (>2,500 BAU/ml), indicating strong humoral immunity regardless of vaccination status. An increase in B-lymphocyte (CD3(-)CD19(+)) counts was noted in both groups, with levels significantly higher in the group that received the vaccination (p < 0.03). Analysis of T-cell profiles and NK (natural killer) cell levels showed no changes. The study suggests that administration of Gam-COVID-Vac vaccination could reduce the occurrence of CNS symptoms in individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome. Although certain neurological symptoms may continue, immunization has a beneficial influence on their progression. The results emphasize the crucial role of an increased humoral immune response in individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome, but do not show significant changes in T-cell immune parameters. CI - (c) 2025 Kurmangaliyeva, Madenbayeva, Urazayeva, Baktikulova, Kurmangaliyev, licensee HBKU Press. FAU - Kurmangaliyeva, Saulesh AU - Kurmangaliyeva S AD - Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan. FAU - Madenbayeva, Akzhan AU - Madenbayeva A AD - Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan. FAU - Urazayeva, Saltanat AU - Urazayeva S AD - Department of Epidemiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan. FAU - Baktikulova, Kristina AU - Baktikulova K AD - Department of Transfusiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan*Correspondence: Saltanat Urazayeva. Email: sal.urazayeva@gmail.com. FAU - Kurmangaliyev, Kairat AU - Kurmangaliyev K AD - Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250223 PL - Qatar TA - Qatar Med J JT - Qatar medical journal JID - 8101648 PMC - PMC11938678 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Post-COVID-19 OT - cellular and humoral immunity OT - coronavirus OT - damage to the nervous system OT - hybrid immunity OT - long COVID-19 COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2025/03/27 06:29 MHDA- 2025/03/27 06:30 PMCR- 2025/02/23 CRDT- 2025/03/27 05:11 PHST- 2024/05/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/27 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/27 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/27 05:11 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - qmj.2025.6 [pii] AID - 10.5339/qmj.2025.6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Qatar Med J. 2025 Feb 23;2025(1):6. doi: 10.5339/qmj.2025.6. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40133533 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250514 LR - 20260804 IS - 1744-4292 (Electronic) IS - 1744-4292 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Apr TI - Persistent epigenetic memory of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in monocyte-derived macrophages. PG - 341-360 LID - 10.1038/s44320-025-00093-6 [doi] LID - 2 AB - Immune memory plays a critical role in the development of durable antimicrobial immune responses. How precisely mRNA vaccines train innate immune cells to shape protective host defense mechanisms remains unknown. Here we show that SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination significantly establishes histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) at promoters of human monocyte-derived macrophages, suggesting epigenetic memory. However, we found that two consecutive vaccinations were required for the persistence of H3K27ac, which matched with pro-inflammatory innate immune-associated transcriptional changes and antigen-mediated cytokine secretion. H3K27ac at promoter regions were preserved for six months and a single mRNA booster vaccine potently restored their levels and release of macrophage-derived cytokines. Interestingly, we found that H3K27ac at promoters is enriched for G-quadruplex DNA secondary structure-forming sequences in macrophage-derived nucleosome-depleted regions, linking epigenetic memory to nucleic acid structure. Collectively, these findings reveal that mRNA vaccines induce a highly dynamic and persistent training of innate immune cells enabling a sustained pro-inflammatory immune response. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Simonis, Alexander AU - Simonis A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2945-9897 AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50937, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Theobald, Sebastian J AU - Theobald SJ AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50937, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Koch, Anna E AU - Koch AE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1593-9715 AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. FAU - Mummadavarapu, Ram AU - Mummadavarapu R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-4244-8982 AD - Max Planck Research Group "Chromatin and Ageing", Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, Cologne, 50931, Germany. FAU - Mudler, Julie M AU - Mudler JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1378-9648 AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50937, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. FAU - Pouikli, Andromachi AU - Pouikli A AD - Max Planck Research Group "Chromatin and Ageing", Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, Cologne, 50931, Germany. FAU - Gobel, Ulrike AU - Gobel U AD - Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Acton, Richard AU - Acton R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2574-9611 AD - Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Winter, Sandra AU - Winter S AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50937, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. FAU - Albus, Alexandra AU - Albus A AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50937, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. FAU - Holzmann, Dmitriy AU - Holzmann D AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50937, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. FAU - Albert, Marie-Christine AU - Albert MC AD - Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Hallek, Michael AU - Hallek M AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50937, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. FAU - Walczak, Henning AU - Walczak H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6312-4591 AD - Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Center for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Ulas, Thomas AU - Ulas T AD - Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - PRECISE Plattform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, DZNE, University of Bonn, Bonn and West German Genome Center, Bonn, Germany. AD - Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Koch, Manuel AU - Koch M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2962-7814 AD - Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Center for Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine (central facilities), Medical Faculty and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Tessarz, Peter AU - Tessarz P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6953-9835 AD - Max Planck Research Group "Chromatin and Ageing", Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, Cologne, 50931, Germany. AD - Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Department of Human Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Hansel-Hertsch, Robert AU - Hansel-Hertsch R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2835-4471 AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. robert.haensel-hertsch@uni-koeln.de. AD - Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. robert.haensel-hertsch@uni-koeln.de. AD - Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. robert.haensel-hertsch@uni-koeln.de. AD - Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. robert.haensel-hertsch@uni-koeln.de. FAU - Rybniker, Jan AU - Rybniker J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8351-2690 AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50937, Germany. jan.rybniker@uk-koeln.de. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany. jan.rybniker@uk-koeln.de. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. jan.rybniker@uk-koeln.de. LA - eng GR - 01KI2108/Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)/ GR - IdEpiCo/Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)/ GR - NaFoUniMedCovid19 grant COVIM 01KX2021/Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)/ GR - FI 773/15-1/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)/ GR - SFB1403/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)/ GR - INST 216/1057-2/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)/ GR - HA 8562/4-1/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)/ GR - HA 8562/5-1/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)/ GR - INST 216/1317-1/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)/ GR - TTU-TB grant 02.913/Deutsches Zentrum fur Infektionsforschung (DZIF)/ GR - TTU-TB grant 02.814/Deutsches Zentrum fur Infektionsforschung (DZIF)/ GR - ERA4TB/European Union Horizon 2020 program/ GR - 01KX2121/Federal Ministry of Education and Research/ GR - EXC 2030-390661388/German Excellence Strategy/ GR - 10.22.1.010MN/Fritz Thyssen Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250325 PL - Germany TA - Mol Syst Biol JT - Molecular systems biology JID - 101235389 RN - 0 (Histones) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Macrophages/immunology/metabolism MH - *Epigenesis, Genetic MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology/genetics MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Histones/metabolism/immunology/genetics MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Promoter Regions, Genetic MH - Acetylation MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Immunity, Innate MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Vaccination MH - RNA, Messenger/immunology MH - mRNA Vaccines/immunology MH - Epigenetic Memory PMC - PMC11965535 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Epigenetic Memory OT - G-quadruplex OT - H3K27ac OT - SARS-Cov-2 mRNA Vaccination OT - Trained Innate Immunity COIS- Disclosure and competing interests statement. The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/03/26 13:06 MHDA- 2025/04/03 18:25 PMCR- 2025/03/25 CRDT- 2025/03/26 00:27 PHST- 2023/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/04/03 18:25 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/26 13:06 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/26 00:27 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s44320-025-00093-6 [pii] AID - 93 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s44320-025-00093-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Syst Biol. 2025 Apr;21(4):341-360. doi: 10.1038/s44320-025-00093-6. Epub 2025 Mar 25. PMID- 40123228 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250619 LR - 20250619 IS - 1525-1489 (Electronic) IS - 0885-0666 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 8 DP - 2025 Aug TI - The Cleveland Clinic Post-ICU Recovery Clinic: Early Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic. PG - 893-901 LID - 10.1177/08850666251326551 [doi] AB - BackgroundOver half of ICU survivors experience post intensive care syndrome (PICS). Few PICS clinics were operational in the United States at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we describe early experience of such a clinic at a large academic medical center. Our objective was to describe the (a) model of care (b) clinic interventions (c) short-term cognitive, psychiatric, and functional outcomes (d) one-year outcomes of COVID-19 ICU survivors at the Cleveland Clinic post-ICU recovery clinic (PIRC).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study through a chart review of all patients seen in PIRC from April 2020 - December 2020. A total of 59 patients completed the visit with 49% being virtual, and 51% being in-person. The cohort was predominantly white (50.8%), and male (57.6%) with a median age of 58.2 years. We screened for cognitive and psychiatric impairments using several different validated questionnaires. Functional impairments were self-reported and detected after assessment by a physical therapist. Quantifiable clinic interventions were referrals, pharmacy medication reconciliation, and vaccine administration. One-year outcomes were health care utilization, and death.ResultsIn our cohort, 36%, 39.6%, and 17% of patients screened positive for cognitive impairment, anxiety and/or depression, and PTSD respectively. 42.3% of patients had lower extremity mobility impairment. 57.6% of patients required at least one referral after clinic. Of the 67.9% of patients who were working and 93.9% driving prior to hospitalization, only 24.6% and 73.2% had returned to those activities, respectively. The most common pharmacy intervention was discontinuation of a medication no longer in use. By one year, 34% of patients had hospital re-admissions with 5% requiring the ICU. There were no deaths.ConclusionsAdult survivors of COVID-19 critical illness have impairments in all PICS domains as well as high health care utilization in the first year after hospital discharge.MeSH TermsPost intensive care syndrome, COVID-19Key Points/SummaryAdult survivors of COVID-19 critical illness have impairments in all PICS domains as well as high health care utilization in the first year after hospital discharge. Post-ICU recovery clinics can help survivors with recovery. FAU - Kommaraju, Kavya AU - Kommaraju K AD - Fellow, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA. RINGGOLD: 6915 FAU - Torbic, Heather AU - Torbic H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1961-4104 AD - Department of Pharmacy, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA. RINGGOLD: 2569 FAU - Veith, Joshua AU - Veith J AD - Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA. RINGGOLD: 2569 FAU - Wang, Xiaofeng AU - Wang X AD - Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA. RINGGOLD: 2569 FAU - Biehl, Michelle AU - Biehl M AD - Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA. RINGGOLD: 2569 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250323 PL - United States TA - J Intensive Care Med JT - Journal of intensive care medicine JID - 8610344 RN - postintensive care syndrome SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/psychology/epidemiology/therapy MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Intensive Care Units MH - Aged MH - *Survivors/psychology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Ohio/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Critical Care MH - Critical Illness/psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - clinic OT - intensive care unit OT - post-intensive care recovery COIS- Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2025/03/24 06:30 MHDA- 2025/06/19 22:03 CRDT- 2025/03/24 02:43 PHST- 2025/06/19 22:03 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/24 06:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/24 02:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/08850666251326551 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Intensive Care Med. 2025 Aug;40(8):893-901. doi: 10.1177/08850666251326551. Epub 2025 Mar 23. PMID- 40115993 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250514 LR - 20260703 IS - 1468-1331 (Electronic) IS - 1351-5101 (Print) IS - 1351-5101 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Mar TI - Neurological long COVID in the outpatient clinic: Is it so long? PG - e16510 LID - 10.1111/ene.16510 [doi] LID - e16510 AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Neurological involvement in long COVID (coronavirus disease 2019) is well known. In a previous study we identified two subtypes of neurological long COVID, one characterized by memory disturbances, psychological impairment, headache, anosmia and ageusia, and the other characterized by peripheral nervous system involvement, each of which present a different risk factor profile. In this study, we aimed to clarify the persistence of neurological long COVID symptoms with a significantly longer term follow-up. METHODS: We prospectively collected data from patients with prior COVID-19 infection who showed symptoms of neurological long COVID. We conducted a descriptive analysis to investigate the progression of neurological symptoms over time at 3-, 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-ups. We performed a k-means clustering analysis on the temporal evolution of the symptoms at 6, 12, and 18 months. Finally, we assessed the difference between the recovery course of vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients by computing the cumulative recovery rate of symptoms in the two groups. RESULTS: The study confirmed the presence of two subtypes of neurological long COVID. Further, 50% of patients presented a complete resolution of symptoms at 18 months of follow-up, regardless of which subtype of neurological long COVID they had. Vaccination against SARS-Cov-2 appeared to imply a higher overall recovery rate for all neurological symptoms, although the statistical reliability of this finding is hampered by the limited sample size of the unvaccinated patients included in this study. CONCLUSIONS: Neurological long COVID can undergo complete resolution after 18 months of follow-up in 50% of patients and vaccination can accelerate the recovery. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology. FAU - Grisanti, Stefano Giuseppe AU - Grisanti SG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6293-9756 AD - Struttura Complessa Neurologia P.O. Ponente, Dipartimento Testa-Collo, Ospedale Santa Corona, Pietra Ligure, Italy. FAU - Garbarino, Sara AU - Garbarino S AD - Life Science Computational Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Bellucci, Margherita AU - Bellucci M AD - Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica E Scienze Materno-Infantili, Universita di Genova, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Schenone, Cristina AU - Schenone C AD - Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica E Scienze Materno-Infantili, Universita di Genova, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Candiani, Valentina AU - Candiani V AD - MIDA group, Dipartimento di Matematica, Universita di Genova, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Di Lillo, Simmaco AU - Di Lillo S AD - Dipartimento di Matematica, Universita di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. FAU - Campi, Cristina AU - Campi C AD - Life Science Computational Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. AD - MIDA group, Dipartimento di Matematica, Universita di Genova, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Barisione, Emanuela AU - Barisione E AD - IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Aloe, Teresita AU - Aloe T AD - IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Tagliabue, Elena AU - Tagliabue E AD - IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Serventi, Alberto AU - Serventi A AD - Chirurgia presidio ospedaliero Mons. Giovanni Galliano, Acqui Terme, Italy. FAU - Pesce, Giampaola AU - Pesce G AD - IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Massucco, Sara AU - Massucco S AD - Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica E Scienze Materno-Infantili, Universita di Genova, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Cabona, Corrado AU - Cabona C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4282-8805 AD - IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Lechiara, Anastasia AU - Lechiara A AD - IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Uccelli, Antonio AU - Uccelli A AD - Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica E Scienze Materno-Infantili, Universita di Genova, Genoa, Italy. AD - IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Schenone, Angelo AU - Schenone A AD - Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica E Scienze Materno-Infantili, Universita di Genova, Genoa, Italy. AD - IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Piana, Michele AU - Piana M AD - Life Science Computational Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. AD - MIDA group, Dipartimento di Matematica, Universita di Genova, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Benedetti, Luana AU - Benedetti L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9540-9727 AD - IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. LA - eng GR - NET-2018-12366666/Ministero della Salute/ GR - PE0000006/NEXTGENERATIONEU (NGEU)/ GR - ECS00000035/NEXTGENERATIONEU (NGEU)/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Eur J Neurol JT - European journal of neurology JID - 9506311 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology MH - Aged MH - Ambulatory Care Facilities MH - Prospective Studies MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Disease Progression MH - Anosmia/etiology PMC - PMC11926444 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - clustering OT - neurological long COVID OT - recovery rate OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/03/21 11:17 MHDA- 2025/03/21 11:18 PMCR- 2025/03/21 CRDT- 2025/03/21 05:11 PHST- 2024/09/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/21 11:18 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/21 11:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/21 05:11 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ENE16510 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ene.16510 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Neurol. 2025 Mar;32(3):e16510. doi: 10.1111/ene.16510. PMID- 40084715 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250513 LR - 20250513 IS - 2047-2986 (Electronic) IS - 2047-2978 (Print) IS - 2047-2978 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2025 Mar 14 TI - Evolution of long COVID over two years in hospitalised and non-hospitalised survivors in Bangladesh: a longitudinal cohort study. PG - 04075 LID - 10.7189/jogh.15.04075 [doi] LID - 04075 AB - BACKGROUND: In developing settings, comparative data on COVID hospitalised survivors (HS) and non-hospitalised survivors (NHS) is scarce. We determined burdens, incidence, evolution, and associated factors of long COVID-19 over two years among these groups. METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and recruited confirmed COVID-19 survivors from December 2020 to May 2021 (previously reported). 346 survivors underwent in-person follow-ups at five, nine, 18 months and two years post-infection. The assessment included long COVID symptoms, cardiorespiratory function, neuropsychiatric conditions, quality of life, and laboratory tests. The outcomes included one or more symptoms and/or signs indicative of long COVID, aligning closely with the World Health Organization definition of post-COVID-19 condition. RESULTS: Of the 346 participants, we included 326 in the analysis. 78% of HS (n/N = 171/219) and 62% of NHS (n/N = 55/89) reported at least one sequela symptom. HS had higher odds of palpitations, headaches, dizziness, sleeping difficulties, brain fog, muscle weakness, joint pain, hypertension, insulin requirement, poor quality of life, and prolonged corrected QT intervals on electrocardiogram compared to NHS at two years (95% confidence interval (CI)>1). Regarding evolution, sequelae-symptoms, neurological outcomes, restrictive spirometry findings, and electrocardiogram abnormalities remained unchanged, although psychiatric sequelae, quality of life, and exercise capacity improved in both groups. Hospital readmission rates significantly increased (P < 0.05). The incidence rates of palpitations, cough, and hypertension were higher in HS compared to NHS (95% CI>1). Two or more vaccine doses decreased the risk of respiratory (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.63-0.91) and psychiatric sequelae (aRR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.66-0.92) than one or no doses. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 survivors, particularly HS, experienced a higher burden of persistent symptoms and health issues two years after infection. However, vaccination significantly reduced the risk of respiratory and psychiatric outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of ongoing vaccination programs and the need for targeted rehabilitation services in low-resource settings. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 by the Journal of Global Health. All rights reserved. FAU - Afroze, Farzana AU - Afroze F AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Arafat, Shohael Mahmud AU - Arafat SM AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Ahmed, Chowdhury Meshkat AU - Ahmed CM AD - Department of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Alam, Baharul AU - Alam B AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Banu, Sayera AU - Banu S AD - Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Islam, Md Zahidul AU - Islam MZ AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Mahfuz, Mustafa AU - Mahfuz M AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Qadri, Firdausi AU - Qadri F AD - Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Bhuiyan, Taufiqur Rahman AU - Bhuiyan TR AD - Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Parvin, Irin AU - Parvin I AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Ackhter, Mst Mahmuda AU - Ackhter MM AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Islam, Farhana AU - Islam F AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Sultana, Monjeline AU - Sultana M AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Sultana, Eva AU - Sultana E AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Rahaman, Mohammad Ferdous Ur AU - Rahaman MFU AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Khan, Abed Hussain AU - Khan AH AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Hasan, Md Nazmul AU - Hasan MN AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Ahmed, Shahriar AU - Ahmed S AD - Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Chisti, Mohammod Jobayer AU - Chisti MJ AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Ahmed, Tahmeed AU - Ahmed T AD - Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250314 PL - Scotland TA - J Glob Health JT - Journal of global health JID - 101578780 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications/therapy MH - Bangladesh/epidemiology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Survivors/statistics & numerical data MH - *Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Quality of Life MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Incidence PMC - PMC11907736 COIS- Disclosure of interest: The authors completed the ICMJE Disclosure of Interest Form (available upon request from the corresponding author) and disclose no relevant interests. EDAT- 2025/03/14 11:22 MHDA- 2025/03/14 11:23 PMCR- 2025/03/14 CRDT- 2025/03/14 08:03 PHST- 2025/03/14 11:23 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/14 11:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/14 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jogh-15-04075 [pii] AID - 10.7189/jogh.15.04075 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Glob Health. 2025 Mar 14;15:04075. doi: 10.7189/jogh.15.04075. PMID- 40074874 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250416 LR - 20250419 IS - 1432-1440 (Electronic) IS - 0946-2716 (Print) IS - 0946-2716 (Linking) VI - 103 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Apr TI - Longitudinal study on immunologic, lipoproteomic, and inflammatory responses indicates the safety of sequential COVID-19 vaccination. PG - 421-433 LID - 10.1007/s00109-025-02527-y [doi] AB - COVID-19 vaccines are crucial in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and severe health outcomes. Despite widespread administration, their long-term systemic effects on human metabolism remain inadequately understood. This longitudinal study aims to evaluate IgG responses, 34 cytokines, 112 lipoproteins, and 21 low-molecular-weight metabolites in 33 individuals receiving two to four COVID-19 vaccine doses. Changes in metabolic profiles for the first 16 days post each dose of vaccine, and up to 480 days post-initial dose, were compared to baseline (before vaccination). Additionally, metabolic profiles of vaccinated participants were compared to a reference cohort of unvaccinated individuals without prior exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection (controls) and SARS-CoV-2 cases. Positive IgG responses were observed in 78.8% (N = 26) of participants after the first dose, reaching 100% with subsequent doses. The most common side effects were localized pain at the injection site and "flu-like" symptoms, reported by > 50% of participants. Systemic side effects, e.g., sore lymph nodes, fatigue, and brain fog, were reported but showed no significant correlations to IgG responses. Transient temporal changes were observed for cytokine IP10 (CXCL10) and glutamic acid around the third vaccine dose. Compared to the reference cohort, 497 vaccinated samples (95.0%) had profiles similar to the controls, while the remaining 26 samples with prior infection exposures were similar to mild cases of SARS-CooV-2 infection. In conclusion, COVID-19 vaccination did not induce lasting changes in inflammatory and metabolic responses, nor did it induce changes similar to mild cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This supports the metabolic safety of the vaccine and contributes to increased vaccine confidence. KEY MESSAGES: Minimal changes in inflammatory/metabolic markers up to 480 days post-vaccination. Transient increase in IP10 (CXCL10) and glutamic acid around the third dose. Post-vaccination IgG response did not alter metabolic profiles like SARS-CoV-2 cases. Our findings provide insights into the safety of repeated COVID-19 vaccinations. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Lang, Jurissa AU - Lang J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-3959-0946 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. FAU - Bernal, Andres AU - Bernal A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1668-7225 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. FAU - Wist, Julien AU - Wist J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3416-2572 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. AD - Chemistry Department, Universidad del Valle, Cali, 76001, Colombia. AD - Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. FAU - Egan, Siobhon AU - Egan S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4395-4069 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. FAU - Bong, Sze How AU - Bong SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3313-5097 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. FAU - Millet, Oscar AU - Millet O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8748-4105 AD - Centro de Investigacion Cooperativa en Biociencias -CIC bioGUNE, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160, Derio, Spain. FAU - Ryan, Monique AU - Ryan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9188-7097 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. FAU - Lee, Aude-Claire AU - Lee AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9692-9396 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. FAU - Hall, Drew AU - Hall D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6562-2335 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. FAU - Nitschke, Philipp AU - Nitschke P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5814-7529 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. FAU - Masuda, Reika AU - Masuda R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4891-7830 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. FAU - Imrie, Allison AU - Imrie A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4715-6662 AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia. FAU - Holmes, Elaine AU - Holmes E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0556-8389 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. AD - Nutrition Research, Department of Metabolism, Nutrition and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. FAU - Nicholson, Jeremy AU - Nicholson J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8123-8349 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. Jeremy.Nicholson@murdoch.edu.au. AD - Nutrition Research, Department of Metabolism, Nutrition and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. Jeremy.Nicholson@murdoch.edu.au. AD - Institute of Global Health and Innovation, Imperial College London, Faculty Building South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. Jeremy.Nicholson@murdoch.edu.au. FAU - Loo, Ruey Leng AU - Loo RL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5307-5709 AD - Australian National Phenome Centre and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia. rueyleng.loo@murdoch.edu.au. LA - eng GR - 2014349/Western Australian State Government, and the MRFF/ GR - PID2021-124171OB-I00/Agencia Estatal de Investigacion/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250312 PL - Germany TA - J Mol Med (Berl) JT - Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) JID - 9504370 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Cytokines/blood MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Inflammation/immunology MH - Proteomics/methods MH - Aged PMC - PMC12003606 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - IgG responses OT - Inflammation OT - Longitudinal study OT - Metabolomics OT - SARS-CoV-2 infection COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All participants used in the current study provided informed consent, and ethical approvals were obtained from the Murdoch University Human Research Ethics Committee (project numbers 2021/49, 2020/052, and 2020/053). Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/03/13 06:28 MHDA- 2025/04/16 14:34 PMCR- 2025/03/12 CRDT- 2025/03/13 00:20 PHST- 2024/09/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/04/16 14:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/13 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/13 00:20 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00109-025-02527-y [pii] AID - 2527 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00109-025-02527-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Mol Med (Berl). 2025 Apr;103(4):421-433. doi: 10.1007/s00109-025-02527-y. Epub 2025 Mar 12. PMID- 40034392 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250510 LR - 20250510 IS - 2235-2988 (Electronic) IS - 2235-2988 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2025 TI - Immunological memory to COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised and immunocompetent children. PG - 1527573 LID - 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1527573 [doi] LID - 1527573 AB - BACKGROUND: Most children in Argentina received only the initial COVID-19 vaccine series, with presumed hybrid immunity after multiple Omicron waves. However, the durability of immune memory, particularly in immunocompromised (IC) children, remains poorly studied. METHODS: A cohort of IC (n=45) and healthy children (HC, n=79) was assessed between 13 to 17 months after receiving two or three doses of BBIBP-CorV and/or BNT162b2. Plasma anti-spike IgG, neutralizing activity and antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells against Wuhan and Omicron BA.5 variants were assessed. RESULTS: Most children remained seropositive after two vaccine doses, but compared with HC, IC exhibited lower neutralizing titers against both Wuhan and Omicron BA.5, particularly those vaccinated with BBIBP-CorV. Even after three vaccine doses, IC showed weaker neutralizing antibody response, CD8+ T cell responses and lower IFN-gamma production compared with HC. Integrated analysis of neutralizing antibodies, memory CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cells revealed a weak immune memory among IC with an important compromise in memory CD8(+) T cell responses. CONCLUSIONS: Immunity can last up to 17 months, but reduced effectiveness against new variants highlights the need for updated COVID-19 vaccines, especially for IC children. Additional efforts are essential to enhance vaccination coverage and protect this vulnerable population. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Russo, Otero, Uranga, Seery, Raiden, Algieri, De Carli, Borda, Albistur, Heinitz, Marco del Pont, Pardini, Budano, Alvarez, Simaz, Merhar, Quintana, Garbini, Portela, Pereira, Ferrero, Geffner and Arruvito. FAU - Russo, Constanza AU - Russo C AD - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Otero, Adrian AU - Otero A AD - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Uranga, Macarena AU - Uranga M AD - Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Seery, Vanesa AU - Seery V AD - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Raiden, Silvina AU - Raiden S AD - Departamento de Medicina, Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Algieri, Silvia AU - Algieri S AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - De Carli, Norberto AU - De Carli N AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Clinica del Nino de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Borda, Mauricio AU - Borda M AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Pediatrico Juan Pablo II, Corrientes, Argentina. FAU - Albistur, Maria F AU - Albistur MF AD - Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Heinitz, Lourdes AU - Heinitz L AD - Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Marco Del Pont, Maria AU - Marco Del Pont M AD - Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Pardini, Martina AU - Pardini M AD - Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Budano, Guillermina AU - Budano G AD - Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Alvarez, Laura AU - Alvarez L AD - Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Simaz, Nancy AU - Simaz N AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Merhar, Claudia AU - Merhar C AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Quintana, Maria C AU - Quintana MC AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Garbini, Cecilia AU - Garbini C AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Portela, Luisa Aedo AU - Portela LA AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Clinica del Nino de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Pereira, Misael Salcedo AU - Pereira MS AD - Servicio de Pediatria, Clinica del Nino de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Ferrero, Fernando AU - Ferrero F AD - Departamento de Medicina, Hospital General de Ninos Pedro de Elizalde, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Geffner, Jorge AU - Geffner J AD - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Arruvito, Lourdes AU - Arruvito L AD - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250217 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Cell Infect Microbiol JT - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology JID - 101585359 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunocompromised Host/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Immunocompetence MH - Argentina MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC11873107 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - antibodies OT - children OT - vaccines OT - variants COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be constructed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/03/04 06:22 MHDA- 2025/03/04 06:23 PMCR- 2025/01/01 CRDT- 2025/03/04 04:48 PHST- 2024/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/04 06:23 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/04 06:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/04 04:48 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1527573 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Feb 17;15:1527573. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1527573. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40026299 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250511 LR - 20250511 IS - 1735-3688 (Electronic) IS - 0253-0716 (Print) IS - 0253-0716 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Feb TI - The Role of Memory T-Cell Mediated Immunity in Long-term COVID-19: Effects of Vaccination Status. PG - 61-68 LID - 10.30476/ijms.2024.104003.3744 [doi] AB - T-cell-mediated immunity is essential for controlling severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2) infection, preventing severe disease, and potentially reducing the risk of long-term coronavirus disease (COVID). This study investigated the impact of natural infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity on T-cell responses, with a particular emphasis on the role of memory T-cells in long-term COVID-19. The present study reviewed current literature on T-cell responses, including memory T-cell development, in individuals with natural SARS-CoV-2 infection, those vaccinated with messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, and those with hybrid immunity. It examined studies that compared T-cell activity, immune regulation, and the prevalence of long-term COVID-19 across these groups. Natural infection induces variable T-cell responses, with severe cases showing stronger but sometimes dysregulated immunological activity, which may contribute to prolonged COVID-19. Vaccination, particularly with mRNA vaccines, elicits targeted and consistent T-cell responses, including memory T-cells, reducing disease severity, and the incidence of long-term COVID-19. Hybrid immunity combines natural infection and vaccination, provides the most robust protection, enhanceds memory T-cell responses, and reduces the risk of long-term COVID-19 through balanced immune regulation. Memory T-cells play a critical role in mitigating long-term COVID-19. Vaccination significantly enhances T-cell-mediated immunity, minimizing the risk of chronic symptoms compared to natural infection alone. Hybrid immunity provides the most effective defense, emphasizing the importance of vaccination, even after natural infection, to prevent long-term COVID-19. CI - Copyright: (c) Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences. FAU - Kurmangaliyeva, Saulesh S AU - Kurmangaliyeva SS AD - Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan. FAU - Madenbayeva, Akzhan M AU - Madenbayeva AM AD - Department of Internal Diseases 1, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan. FAU - Urazayeva, Saltanat T AU - Urazayeva ST AD - Department of Epidemiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan. FAU - Bazargaliyev, Yerlan Sh AU - Bazargaliyev YS AD - Department of Internal Diseases 1, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan. FAU - Kudabayeva, Khatimya I AU - Kudabayeva KI AD - Department of Internal Diseases 1, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan. FAU - Kurmangaliyev, Kairat B AU - Kurmangaliyev KB AD - Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250201 PL - Iran TA - Iran J Med Sci JT - Iranian journal of medical sciences JID - 8104374 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - *Immunity, Cellular/immunology PMC - PMC11870859 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive immunity OT - COVID-19 Vaccines OT - Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T-lymphocytes COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2025/03/03 17:12 MHDA- 2025/03/03 17:13 PMCR- 2025/02/01 CRDT- 2025/03/03 06:05 PHST- 2024/09/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/03 17:13 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/03 17:12 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/03 06:05 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJMS-50-2 [pii] AID - 10.30476/ijms.2024.104003.3744 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Iran J Med Sci. 2025 Feb 1;50(2):61-68. doi: 10.30476/ijms.2024.104003.3744. eCollection 2025 Feb. PMID- 39987891 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250316 LR - 20260710 IS - 1096-0023 (Electronic) IS - 1043-4666 (Linking) VI - 189 DP - 2025 May TI - Seasonal variation in the associations between self-reported long-COVID symptoms and IL-6 signalling-related factors (particularly the rs2228145 variant of the IL-6R gene): A clinical study. PG - 156884 LID - S1043-4666(25)00031-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cyto.2025.156884 [doi] AB - This observational study focused on the impact of Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-related factors (notably the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) gene's rs2228145 polymorphism) on long-COVID risk in individuals who had previously experienced COVID-19 infection(s). The purpose of the study was to better understand such factors' contribution to long-COVID risk, and thus possibly initiate future strategies for using IL-6-related factors as biomarkers predictive of risk (while also obtaining data that may influence long-COVID management and treatment more generally). DNA and blood samples, plus questionnaire responses regarding long-COVID symptoms (including chronic fatigue and cognitive impairment), were collected from 175 participants who had previously experienced COVID-19 infection(s). Potential associations between self-reported long-COVID symptoms and participants' rs2228145 genotypes (determined using TaqMan-based genotyping assays) and/or their circulating IL-6, sIL-6R and sgp130 levels (determined using ELISA) were evaluated. Univariate-regression analyses demonstrated that odds of exhibiting long-COVID symptoms increased with severity/number of previous COVID-19 infection(s) and with hypertension as a co-morbidity, while vaccination decreased the likelihood of developing long-COVID. While long-COVID sufferers exhibited higher IL-6 signalling activity than healthy control individuals, rs2228145 genotype was not associated with long-COVID odds-ratios in- the entire-study cohort. Following identification of significant seasonal variations within our dataset, the entire-study cohort was stratified depending on when samples/questionnaire responses were obtained. In the resulting 'summer' sub-cohort (but not the 'winter' sub-cohort), the rs2228145 AA genotype was significantly over-represented amongst those exhibiting long-COVID symptoms, and long-COVID odds-ratios were significantly reduced for the CC and AC genotypes. While interpretation is complicated by seasonal variations, these findings may be of medical/biomedical value. Importantly, as IL-6 was higher in long-COVID sufferers than healthy controls, and rs2228145 AA genotype-bearing individuals within our 'summer' sub-cohort were at elevated risk of developing long-COVID, these findings point towards possible future use of IL-6 and/or rs2228145 genotype as biomarkers predictive of long-COVID risk, which may bring advantages regarding management and treatment of long-COVID. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Rees, Katie AU - Rees K AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Sport/Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK. FAU - Aicheler, Rebecca AU - Aicheler R AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Sport/Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK. FAU - Butcher, Lee AU - Butcher L AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Sport/Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK. FAU - Dodd, Alan AU - Dodd A AD - Clinical Biochemistry Department, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr Tydfil CF47 9DT, UK. FAU - Geen, John AU - Geen J AD - Clinical Biochemistry Department, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr Tydfil CF47 9DT, UK. FAU - Lynch, Ceri AU - Lynch C AD - Intensive Care Unit, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Ynysmaerdy, Pontyclun, CF72 8XR, UK. FAU - Massey, Isabel AU - Massey I AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Sport/Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK. FAU - Morris, Keith AU - Morris K AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Sport/Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK. FAU - Tennant, Brian AU - Tennant B AD - Clinical Biochemistry Department, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr Tydfil CF47 9DT, UK. FAU - Webb, Richard AU - Webb R AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Sport/Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK. Electronic address: rwebb@cardiffmet.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20250222 PL - England TA - Cytokine JT - Cytokine JID - 9005353 RN - 133483-10-0 (Cytokine Receptor gp130) RN - 0 (IL6 protein, human) RN - 0 (IL6R protein, human) RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 0 (Receptors, Interleukin-6) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/blood/diagnosis/genetics MH - Cytokine Receptor gp130/blood MH - Genotype MH - *Interleukin-6/blood/genetics/metabolism MH - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - *Receptors, Interleukin-6/genetics/blood MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Seasons MH - Self Report MH - Signal Transduction/genetics OTO - NOTNLM OT - Genetic variant OT - IL-6 OT - Long-COVID OT - Misclassification bias OT - Seasonal variation OT - sIL-6R COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/02/24 02:10 MHDA- 2025/03/17 00:42 CRDT- 2025/02/23 18:10 PHST- 2024/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/02/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/17 00:42 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/24 02:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/23 18:10 [entrez] AID - S1043-4666(25)00031-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cyto.2025.156884 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cytokine. 2025 May;189:156884. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2025.156884. Epub 2025 Feb 22. PMID- 39985688 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250602 LR - 20260507 IS - 1432-1777 (Electronic) IS - 0938-8990 (Print) IS - 0938-8990 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Jun TI - New mouse model for inducible hACE2 expression enables to dissect SARS-CoV-2 pathology beyond the respiratory system. PG - 403-416 LID - 10.1007/s00335-025-10115-1 [doi] AB - The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is not limited to the respiratory tract as receptors, including the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), are expressed across many tissues. This study employed a new conditional mouse model, Rosa26(creERT2/chACE2), which expresses human ACE2 (hACE2) across multiple organs, to investigate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond the respiratory system. This strain demonstrated susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dose and sex-dependent manner, showing that infected male mice exhibited more severe disease outcomes, including significant weight loss, pronounced lung pathology and dysfunction, and increased mortality, compared to females. In contrast to intratracheal infection, intranasal virus administration facilitated viral spread to the brain, thereby underscoring the nasal route's role in the pathogenesis of neurological manifestations. Intranasal infection also led to increased innate immune system activation as compared to intratracheal virus administration, even though both routes activated the adaptive immune response. This model provides a valuable tool to study SARS-CoV-2 in individual tissues or use a multisystemic approach, and it also advances possibilities for preclinical evaluation of antiviral therapies and vaccine strategies. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Gambini, Federica AU - Gambini F AD - Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic. FAU - Arbon, Dominik AU - Arbon D AD - Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic. FAU - Nickl, Petr AU - Nickl P AD - Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic. FAU - Zatecka, Vaclav AU - Zatecka V AD - Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic. FAU - Fedosieieva, Olha AU - Fedosieieva O AD - Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic. FAU - Labaj, Juraj AU - Labaj J AD - Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic. FAU - Novosadova, Vendula AU - Novosadova V AD - Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic. FAU - Trylcova, Jana AU - Trylcova J AD - Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 166 10, Czech Republic. FAU - Weber, Jan AU - Weber J AD - Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 166 10, Czech Republic. FAU - Prochazka, Jan AU - Prochazka J AD - Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic. AD - Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic. FAU - Balounova, Jana AU - Balounova J AD - Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic. jana.balounova@img.cas.cz. FAU - Sedlacek, Radislav AU - Sedlacek R AD - Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic. radislav.sedlacek@img.cas.cz. AD - Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic. radislav.sedlacek@img.cas.cz. LA - eng GR - GF22-17139K/Czech Science Foundation (GACR)/ GR - LM2023036/Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic/ GR - SLG-5404/European Molecular Biology Organization/ GR - RVO 61388963/Czech Academy of Sciences/ GR - RVO 68378050/Czech Academy of Sciences/ GR - LX22NPO5103/Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, Programme EXCELES/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250222 PL - United States TA - Mamm Genome JT - Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society JID - 9100916 RN - EC 3.4.17.23 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) RN - EC 3.4.17.23 (ACE2 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics/metabolism MH - *COVID-19/pathology/virology/immunology/genetics MH - *SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity MH - Mice MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Female MH - Male MH - Humans MH - Lung/virology/pathology MH - Respiratory System/virology/pathology MH - Immunity, Innate MH - Mice, Transgenic PMC - PMC12130128 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Conditional mouse model OT - Infection OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - hACE2 COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/02/22 20:10 MHDA- 2025/06/03 00:29 PMCR- 2025/02/22 CRDT- 2025/02/22 11:13 PHST- 2024/12/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/03 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/22 20:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/22 11:13 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00335-025-10115-1 [pii] AID - 10115 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00335-025-10115-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mamm Genome. 2025 Jun;36(2):403-416. doi: 10.1007/s00335-025-10115-1. Epub 2025 Feb 22. PMID- 39984803 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250805 LR - 20260813 IS - 1525-1497 (Electronic) IS - 0884-8734 (Print) IS - 0884-8734 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 9 DP - 2025 Jul TI - Interventions for Long COVID: A Narrative Review. PG - 2005-2023 LID - 10.1007/s11606-024-09254-z [doi] AB - Long COVID continues to impose a significant burden on COVID-19 survivors, presenting with diverse symptoms and clinical uncertainty. This review synthesized evidence from 97 studies, including 26 randomized controlled trials and 15 non-randomized comparative studies, which explored the effectiveness, comparative effectiveness, and potential risks of proposed interventions for managing common long COVID symptoms: fatigue, neurocognitive symptoms, anxiety, depression, and sleep issues. Our comprehensive analysis, encompassing English-language articles, gray literature, and feedback from 14 Key Informants (i.e., patients, caregivers, clinicians, payors, and researchers), reveals a persistently weak body of evidence, characterized by high imprecision and considerable uncertainty regarding the benefits and harms of the interventions. The studies examined a wide array of treatment categories, including multi-component rehabilitation, supplements, complementary treatments, prescription medications, and the COVID-19 vaccine. Key informants emphasized the critical need for establishing robust diagnostic criteria and utilizing functional outcomes while also highlighting significant barriers to care, including dismissive attitudes from healthcare providers, inadequate insurance coverage, and restricted access to specialty care. Given the evolving definitions of long COVID and the variable mechanisms of its management, our findings underscore the pressing need for further rigorous research to refine and validate effective treatment protocols. Until more definitive evidence is available, both clinicians and patients face substantial uncertainty in treatment decisions, with many resorting to self-treatment using costly and potentially ineffective options. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society of General Internal Medicine. FAU - Ivlev, Ilya AU - Ivlev I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8015-3626 AD - ECRI, 5200 Butler Pike, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA. ivlev@ohsu.edu. AD - Pacific Northwest Evidence-based Practice Center; Mail code: BICC, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam; Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239-3098, USA. ivlev@ohsu.edu. FAU - Wagner, Jesse AU - Wagner J AD - ECRI, 5200 Butler Pike, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA. FAU - Phillips, Taylor AU - Phillips T AD - ECRI, 5200 Butler Pike, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA. FAU - Treadwell, Jonathan R AU - Treadwell JR AD - ECRI, 5200 Butler Pike, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA. LA - eng GR - MSA-SOW#05-ECRI-ENG-11-07-2022/PCORI/Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20250221 PL - United States TA - J Gen Intern Med JT - Journal of general internal medicine JID - 8605834 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/therapy/complications/psychology/epidemiology MH - *Survivors/psychology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC12325819 COIS- Declarations:. Disclosures:: The authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Reproducible Research Statement:: Study protocol: See the full report's methods section. Statistical code: Not applicable. Data set: See the Supplement. Additional information is available from the investigators. Disclaimer:: The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors. The findings and conclusions do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, ECRI, or OHSU. EDAT- 2025/02/22 00:21 MHDA- 2025/08/05 12:34 PMCR- 2026/07/01 CRDT- 2025/02/21 23:49 PHST- 2024/07/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/05 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/22 00:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/21 23:49 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s11606-024-09254-z [pii] AID - 9254 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11606-024-09254-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Gen Intern Med. 2025 Jul;40(9):2005-2023. doi: 10.1007/s11606-024-09254-z. Epub 2025 Feb 21. PMID- 39970201 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250509 LR - 20261017 IS - 2375-2548 (Electronic) IS - 2375-2548 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 8 DP - 2025 Feb 21 TI - Deep profiling of B cells responding to various pathogens uncovers compartments in IgG memory B cell and antibody-secreting lineages. PG - eado1331 LID - 10.1126/sciadv.ado1331 [doi] LID - eado1331 AB - Improving our understanding of B cell transition to memory B cells (MBCs) and antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) is crucial for clinical monitoring and vaccine strategies. To explore these dynamics, we compared prepandemic antigen responses (influenza hemagglutinin, respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein, and tetanus toxoid) with recently encountered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen responses in convalescent COVID-19 patients using spectral flow cytometry. Our analysis revealed the CD43+CD71+IgG+ activated B cell subset, highly enriched for SARS-CoV-2 specificities, as a juncture for ASC and MBC differentiation, with CD86+ phenotypically similar to ASCs and CD86- to IgG+ MBCs. Moreover, subpopulations within IgG+ MBCs were further identified based on CD73 and CD24 expression. Activated MBCs (CD73-/CD24lo) were predominantly SARS-CoV-2-specific, while resting MBCs (CD73+/CD24hi) recognized prepandemic antigens. A CD95- subcluster within resting MBCs accounted for over 40% of prepandemic-specific cells, indicating long-lasting memory. These findings advance our understanding of IgG+ MBC and ASC development stages, shedding light on the decision-making process guiding their differentiation. FAU - Claireaux, Mathieu AU - Claireaux M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1890-9493 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Elias, George AU - Elias G AD - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Kerster, Gius AU - Kerster G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6880-7351 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Kuijper, Lisan H AU - Kuijper LH AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Duurland, Mariel C AU - Duurland MC AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Paul, Alberta G A AU - Paul AGA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9318-3760 AD - Application Department, Cytek Biosciences Inc., Fremont, CA, USA. FAU - Burger, Judith A AU - Burger JA AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Poniman, Meliawati AU - Poniman M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8390-2058 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Olijhoek, Wouter AU - Olijhoek W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1651-3954 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - de Jong, Nina AU - de Jong N AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - de Jongh, Rivka AU - de Jongh R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-2595-3304 AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Wynberg, Elke AU - Wynberg E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8245-086X AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, GGD, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - van Willigen, Hugo D G AU - van Willigen HDG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4567-3132 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Prins, Maria AU - Prins M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2967-0289 AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, GGD, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - De Bree, Godelieve J AU - De Bree GJ AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - de Jong, Menno D AU - de Jong MD AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Kuijpers, Taco W AU - Kuijpers TW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7421-3370 AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Eftimov, Filip AU - Eftimov F AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - van der Schoot, C Ellen AU - van der Schoot CE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8065-3540 AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Rispens, Theo AU - Rispens T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9600-1312 AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Garcia-Vallejo, Juan J AU - Garcia-Vallejo JJ AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (VUmc location), Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Ten Brinke, Anja AU - Ten Brinke A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0135-7496 AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - van Gils, Marit J AU - van Gils MJ AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - van Ham, S Marieke AU - van Ham SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1999-9494 AD - Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250219 PL - United States TA - Sci Adv JT - Science advances JID - 101653440 RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - *Antibody-Producing Cells/immunology MH - Female MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Cell Lineage PMC - PMC11837990 EDAT- 2025/02/19 18:21 MHDA- 2025/02/19 18:22 PMCR- 2025/02/19 CRDT- 2025/02/19 14:02 PHST- 2025/02/19 18:22 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/19 18:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/19 14:02 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ado1331 [pii] AID - 10.1126/sciadv.ado1331 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Adv. 2025 Feb 21;11(8):eado1331. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ado1331. Epub 2025 Feb 19. PMID- 39966881 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250508 LR - 20250508 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Feb 18 TI - Perceived social support and self-stigma as factors of COVID-19 booster vaccination behavior and intention via cognitive coping and emotion regulation among people infected with COVID-19 in Hong Kong. PG - 659 LID - 10.1186/s12889-025-21899-x [doi] LID - 659 AB - BACKGROUND: It is imperative to promote behavior/intention of taking up booster COVID-19 vaccination (BI-BV) among people who have ever contracted COVID-19 (PECC). The aims were to investigate the prevalence of BI-BV and its associations with perceived social support. Guided by the stress coping theory, we tested mediators between perceived social support and BI-BV via self-stigma, active coping, and maladaptive emotion regulation (rumination and catastrophizing). METHODS: A random population-based telephone survey was conducted among adult PECC having completed the primary series of COVID-19 vaccination prior to the diagnosis; 230 participants were interviewed from June to August 2022 during the fifth (last) major outbreak in Hong Kong. The associations between the independent variables and BI-BV were tested by logistic regression analysis. A structural equation model (SEM) tested the indirect effects of the latent variables of self-stigma, active coping, and maladaptive emotion regulation between the latent variable of perceived social support and BI-BV. RESULTS: The prevalence of BI-BV was 62.2%. It was associated with age, marital status, full-time employment, and chronic disease status. The logistic regression analysis found that BI-BV was positively associated with perceived social support (ORc = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.12- 1.54), active coping (ORc = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.10- 1.79), rumination (ORc = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.13- 2.70), and catastrophizing (ORc = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.49- 6.51) and negatively associated with self-stigma (ORc = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.72- 0.88). In the SEM analysis, the positive association between perceived social support and BI-BV was fully mediated: 1) via self-stigma (beta = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.03- 0.14), 2) via active coping (beta = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02- 0.12), and 3) via self-stigma and then active coping (beta = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.002- 0.04). Two of these indirect paths involved active coping. The indirect paths involving maladaptive emotion regulation were all non-significant. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived social support was associated with BI-BV, and was mediated via self-stigma, active coping, and serially self-stigma then active coping but not emotion maladaptation. The data supported the stress cognitive coping model in explaining the association between perceived social support and BI-BV. Interventions promoting BI-BV may consider modifying the observed significant factors. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the findings. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Zhang, Xiaoying AU - Zhang X AD - College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China. FAU - Luan, Yiming AU - Luan Y AD - Meilong Community Health Center of Minhang District, Shanghai, 201100, China. FAU - Tang, Yihan AU - Tang Y AD - School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. FAU - Lau, Mason M C AU - Lau MMC AD - Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Yu, Yanqiu AU - Yu Y AD - School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. yuyanqiu@fudan.edu.cn. FAU - Gu, Jing AU - Gu J AD - School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. gujing5@mail.sysu.edu.cn. FAU - Lau, Joseph T F AU - Lau JTF AD - Public Mental Health Center, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China. jlau@cuhk.edu.hk. AD - Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China. jlau@cuhk.edu.hk. AD - Center for Health Behaviors Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. jlau@cuhk.edu.hk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250218 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Hong Kong/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Social Support MH - *Adaptation, Psychological MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Social Stigma MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - *Emotional Regulation MH - *Intention MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Coping Skills PMC - PMC11834225 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Active coping OT - Booster COVID-19 vaccines OT - Catastrophizing OT - Emotion regulation OT - Mediation OT - Perceived social support OT - Rumination OT - Self-stigma OT - Stress coping model COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Survey and Behavioral Research Ethics Committee of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (No. SBRE-21-0778). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in this study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/02/19 06:22 MHDA- 2025/02/19 06:23 PMCR- 2025/02/18 CRDT- 2025/02/19 00:00 PHST- 2024/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/19 06:23 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/19 06:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/19 00:00 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-21899-x [pii] AID - 21899 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-21899-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2025 Feb 18;25(1):659. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21899-x. PMID- 39963186 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250508 LR - 20250508 IS - 2314-7156 (Electronic) IS - 2314-8861 (Print) IS - 2314-7156 (Linking) VI - 2025 DP - 2025 TI - Durability of Functional SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immunological Memory and T Cell Response up to 8-9 Months Postrecovery From COVID-19. PG - 9743866 LID - 10.1155/jimr/9743866 [doi] LID - 9743866 AB - Research on long-term follow-up in individuals who have recovered from coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) would yield insights regarding their immunity status and identify those who need booster vaccinations. This study evaluated the longevity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific cellular and humoral memory responses, as well as T cell effector functionalities, at 1-2 months (n = 40), 8-9 months (n = 40), and 12 months/1 year (n = 27) following recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection. CTL response by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT); levels of cytokine by Bio-Plex, natural killer (NK), CD4+ helper, and CD8+ cytotoxic T cell functionalities using flow cytometry; anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG by ELISA; and levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) by surrogate virus NAb assay were assessed. The levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and NAb at 1-2 and 8-9 months postrecovery were hand in hand and appeared declining. SARS-CoV-2-specific B, memory B and plasma cells, and T cells sustained up to 8-9 months. Increased expression of CD107a/IFN-gamma by NK cells and cytotoxic T cells at 8-9 months could be indicative of SARS-CoV-2-specific effector functions. Recovered individuals with positive and negative IgG antibody status displayed T cell response up to 1 year and 8-9 months, respectively, emphasizing the durabilty of effector immunity up to 8-9 months regardless of IgG antibody status. Overall, the recovered individuals exhibited robust immunological memory, sustained T cell response with effector functionality against SARS-CoV-2 that persists for at least 8-9 months. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Diptee Trimbake et al. Journal of Immunology Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Trimbake, Diptee AU - Trimbake D AD - Department of Dengue and Chikungunya, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India. FAU - Singh, Dharmendra AU - Singh D AD - Department of Dengue and Chikungunya, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India. FAU - K, Yogesh Gurav AU - K YG AD - Department of Dengue and Chikungunya, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India. FAU - Babar, Prasad AU - Babar P AD - Department of Dengue and Chikungunya, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India. FAU - S, Varsha Dange AU - S VD AD - Department of Medicine, Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation, Pimpri, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Tripathy, Anuradha S AU - Tripathy AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8919-3819 AD - Department of Dengue and Chikungunya, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250210 PL - Egypt TA - J Immunol Res JT - Journal of immunology research JID - 101627166 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - Aged MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Killer Cells, Natural/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology PMC - PMC11832264 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - ELISPOT OT - T cell response OT - antibody OT - flow cytometry OT - memory B and T cells OT - recovered individuals COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/02/18 06:22 MHDA- 2025/02/18 06:23 PMCR- 2025/02/10 CRDT- 2025/02/18 04:15 PHST- 2024/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/18 06:23 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/18 06:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/18 04:15 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/jimr/9743866 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Immunol Res. 2025 Feb 10;2025:9743866. doi: 10.1155/jimr/9743866. eCollection 2025. PMID- 39953916 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250507 LR - 20260731 IS - 1096-8652 (Electronic) IS - 0361-8609 (Print) IS - 0361-8609 (Linking) VI - 100 IP - 5 DP - 2025 May TI - Impairment of Innate Immunity and Depletion of Vaccine-Induced Memory B and T Cells in the Absence of the Spleen. PG - 770-784 LID - 10.1002/ajh.27634 [doi] AB - Splenectomy or congenital asplenia is associated with severe reduction of memory B cells and increased risk of fulminant sepsis by encapsulated bacteria. Current guidelines recommend vaccinations against these pathogens before or after splenectomy, but the longevity of immunity acquired after splenectomy has not been determined. The impact of splenectomy on innate immune cells is unknown. We analyzed frequency, differentiation stage, and function of innate and adaptive immunity in the peripheral blood of adult (n = 41) and pediatric (n = 14) patients splenectomized or born asplenic and in spleens of solid organ donors. The absence of the spleen impacts the B-cell compartment, causing a significant increase of circulating immature transitional and depletion of memory B cells. Using SARS-CoV-2 vaccination as a model, we show that 1 year after the last immunization, despite normal levels of neutralizing antibodies, memory B and T cells were significantly reduced. Analysis of post-pandemic spleens shows that spike-specific memory B and T cells homed to the spleen. We also show a previously unrecognized role of the spleen in the homeostasis of innate NK and Vdelta2 T cells. These populations showed altered phenotype and impaired function in the adults, but not in children, suggesting that other tissues may support innate cell development during early life. The reduced function of innate lymphocytes must be considered as an additional immune impairment and risk factor. These findings emphasize the spleen's irreplaceable role in maintaining immune memory across all ages and suggest that its absence contributes to dysfunctions of innate and adaptive immunity in adults. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). American Journal of Hematology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Bordoni, Veronica AU - Bordoni V AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cinicola, Bianca Laura AU - Cinicola BL AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. AD - Pediatric Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AD - Research Area of Immunology, B-Cell Lab, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Castilletti, Concetta AU - Castilletti C AD - Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Verona, Italy. FAU - Guarracino, Federica AU - Guarracino F AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Albano, Christian AU - Albano C AD - Research Area of Immunology, B-Cell Lab, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Accordini, Silvia AU - Accordini S AD - Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Verona, Italy. FAU - Baban, Anwar AU - Baban A AD - Cardiogenetic Centre, Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Units, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Sabatino, Antonio AU - Di Sabatino A AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Rossi, Carlo Maria AU - Rossi CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1314-361X AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Lenti, Marco Vincenzo AU - Lenti MV AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Zicari, Anna Maria AU - Zicari AM AD - Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cirelli, Riccardo AU - Cirelli R AD - Unit of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Liver and Kidney Transplantation, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Spada, Marco AU - Spada M AD - Unit of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Liver and Kidney Transplantation, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Forni, Gian Luca AU - Forni GL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9833-1016 AD - Unit of Hematology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy. AD - ForAnemia Foundation, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Quinti, Isabella AU - Quinti I AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Algeri, Mattia AU - Algeri M AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Casale, Maddalena AU - Casale M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4740-2421 AD - Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy. FAU - Perrotta, Silverio AU - Perrotta S AD - Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy. FAU - Locatelli, Franco AU - Locatelli F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7976-3654 AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. AD - Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. FAU - Agrati, Chiara AU - Agrati C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5252-0927 AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - Research Area of Immunology, B-Cell Lab, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - PNRR - M4C2-I1.3/NextGenerationEU/ GR - ASH Global Research Award 2019/ GR - 5x1000_2023/Ministero della Salute/ GR - 5x1000_2024/Ministero della Salute/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250215 PL - United States TA - Am J Hematol JT - American journal of hematology JID - 7610369 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM EIN - Am J Hematol. 2026 Oct;101(10):2706. doi: 10.1002/ajh.70461. PMID: 42533545 MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Innate MH - *Spleen/immunology/abnormalities MH - Adult MH - Splenectomy MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Middle Aged MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Adolescent MH - COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Aged MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Killer Cells, Natural/immunology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC11966361 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asplenia OT - Immune Memory OT - Innate immunity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/02/16 01:30 MHDA- 2025/04/03 18:25 PMCR- 2025/04/03 CRDT- 2025/02/15 06:23 PHST- 2025/02/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/03 18:25 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/16 01:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/15 06:23 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AJH27634 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ajh.27634 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Hematol. 2025 May;100(5):770-784. doi: 10.1002/ajh.27634. Epub 2025 Feb 15. PMID- 39949275 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process LR - 20250314 IS - 1557-8976 (Electronic) IS - 0882-8245 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Mar TI - Memory T Cells Subpopulations, COVID-19 Vaccinated and Recovered Subjects: Correspondence. PG - 70-71 LID - 10.1089/vim.2024.0083 [doi] FAU - Daungsupawong, Hinpetch AU - Daungsupawong H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-5881-2709 AD - Private Academic Consultant, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic. FAU - Wiwanitkit, Viroj AU - Wiwanitkit V AD - University Centre for Research & Development Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University Gharuan, Mohali, India. LA - eng PT - Letter DEP - 20250214 PL - United States TA - Viral Immunol JT - Viral immunology JID - 8801552 SB - IM EDAT- 2025/02/14 06:20 MHDA- 2025/02/14 06:20 CRDT- 2025/02/14 03:42 PHST- 2025/02/14 06:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/14 06:20 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/14 03:42 [entrez] AID - 10.1089/vim.2024.0083 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Viral Immunol. 2025 Mar;38(2):70-71. doi: 10.1089/vim.2024.0083. Epub 2025 Feb 14. PMID- 39920594 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250506 LR - 20250506 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Feb 7 TI - From information to action: modelling social and cognitive factors in health decisions. PG - 508 LID - 10.1186/s12889-025-21721-8 [doi] LID - 508 AB - BACKGROUND: This study examines the social and cognitive factors influencing health decisions to adopt protective behaviors in a U.S. SAMPLE: A theoretical framework was developed, incorporating key variables such as perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, use of formal and informal health information, conspiracy beliefs, and political ideology. The protective behaviors studied included mask-wearing and vaccination intentions. METHODS: This study employed a cross-sectional design to explore how cognitive appraisals and socio-political factors influence health decisions. Data were collected from 742 U.S.-based participants via Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) between January 28-30, 2023. RESULTS: Perceived vulnerability and perceived severity had distinct effects on information source preferences. Reliance on formal sources positively correlated with compliance behaviors such as mask-wearing and vaccination, while perceived severity strongly predicted mask adherence. In contrast, perceived vulnerability was associated with conspiracy beliefs and informal information use. Notably, fear of COVID-19 did not significantly influence health behaviors. Instead, political ideology and conspiracy beliefs played a more dominant role, emphasizing the importance of integrating socio-political factors into traditional health behavior models. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the complex interplay of cognitive and socio-political factors is crucial for developing effective public health strategies to enhance compliance with health guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic and future crises. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Yu, Jiadong AU - Yu J AD - California School of Professional Psychology, Alliant International University, Fresno, CA, 93727, USA. jyu1@alliant.edu. FAU - Bekerian, D A AU - Bekerian DA AD - California School of Professional Psychology, Alliant International University, Fresno, CA, 93727, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250207 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Decision Making MH - United States MH - *Health Behavior MH - Politics MH - *Cognition MH - Young Adult MH - Masks/statistics & numerical data MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC11806782 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognitive predictors OT - Health decisions OT - Protective behaviors OT - Social psychological predictors COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol received approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Alliant International University (Protocol Number: 2203238687A002). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. We can confirm all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations and all experimental protocols were approved by a named institution. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/02/08 00:31 MHDA- 2025/02/08 19:52 PMCR- 2025/02/07 CRDT- 2025/02/07 23:34 PHST- 2024/10/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/08 19:52 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/08 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/07 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-21721-8 [pii] AID - 21721 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-21721-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2025 Feb 7;25(1):508. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21721-8. PMID- 39908650 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250505 LR - 20250526 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 113 DP - 2025 Mar TI - Longitudinal immunogenicity cohort study of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines across individuals with different immunocompromising conditions: heterogeneity in the immune response and crucial role of Omicron-adapted booster doses. PG - 105577 LID - S2352-3964(25)00021-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105577 [doi] LID - 105577 AB - BACKGROUND: Individuals with primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, being more susceptible to infections, are a priority for vaccination. Here, we determined and compared in a longitudinal study the immune response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination across different groups of individuals who are immunocompromised. METHODS: In the PatoVac_COV longitudinal prospective single-centre study, the spike-specific B cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination were compared across 5 different groups of individuals with haematological malignancies, hematopoietic stem cell (HCT) or solid organ transplantation (SOT), undergoing haemodialysis, and people living with HIV (PLWH), for a total of 585 participants. Data from participants who were immunocompromised were compared to a group of 123 participants who were immunocompetent. Blood samples were collected before and after each vaccine administration, up to 2 years. FINDINGS: A different immune responsiveness was observed after the first two vaccine doses, with haematological, haemodialysis, and SOT participants showing reduced responsiveness compared to HCT and PLWH, and relative to the comparison group. Spike-specific B cell response was both slower and lower in all groups except in PLWH when compared to participants who were immunocompetent. However, the first booster dose enhanced both the B and the antibody responses in all groups, that persisted up to 2 years after the first vaccine administration. The administration of Omicron-adapted booster vaccines promoted a primary BA.2 RBD-specific B cell response, especially in participants who were immunocompromised. Despite repeated vaccinations, a subset of persistent low-responders, especially among SOT, was identified. INTERPRETATION: Our study highlights the heterogeneous immune response across individuals with different pathologies, the pivotal role of the first booster dose, the primary activation of Omicron-specific B cells elicited by updated variant-adapted vaccines and the persistence of low-responders despite multiple vaccine administrations. These aspects have a clinical relevance for planning vaccination schedules tailored for individuals with different immunocompromising conditions. FUNDING: This work was supported by funds from the Department of Medical Biotechnologies of the University of Siena, and from EU within the NextGenerationEU-MUR PNRR Tuscany Health Ecosystem (Project no ECS00000017-THE). CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Ciabattini, Annalisa AU - Ciabattini A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. Electronic address: annalisa.ciabattini@unisi.it. FAU - Pettini, Elena AU - Pettini E AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fiorino, Fabio AU - Fiorino F AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University "Giuseppe Degennaro", Bari, Italy. FAU - Polvere, Jacopo AU - Polvere J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Lucchesi, Simone AU - Lucchesi S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Coppola, Chiara AU - Coppola C AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Costagli, Simone AU - Costagli S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Pastore, Gabiria AU - Pastore G AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Sicuranza, Anna AU - Sicuranza A AD - Haematology Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Tozzi, Monica AU - Tozzi M AD - Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Innovation, Experimentation, Clinical and Translational Research, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Lippi, Arianna AU - Lippi A AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Panza, Francesca AU - Panza F AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Bocchia, Monica AU - Bocchia M AD - Haematology Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Bucalossi, Alessandro AU - Bucalossi A AD - Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Innovation, Experimentation, Clinical and Translational Research, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Garosi, Guido AU - Garosi G AD - Department of Medical Science, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Italy. FAU - Bennett, David AU - Bennett D AD - Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, University of Siena, University Hospital of Siena, Italy. FAU - Bernazzali, Sonia AU - Bernazzali S AD - Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fabbiani, Massimiliano AU - Fabbiani M AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Montagnani, Francesca AU - Montagnani F AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Medaglini, Donata AU - Medaglini D AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250204 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunocompromised Host/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology/virology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *Immunogenicity, Vaccine MH - Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - Vaccination MH - mRNA Vaccines/immunology PMC - PMC11847306 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immunocompromised OT - Memory B cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine immunogenicity OT - mRNA vaccines COIS- Declaration of interests MB has received honoraria and support for attending meetings from NOVARTIS, ABVVIE, INCYTE. EDAT- 2025/02/06 00:21 MHDA- 2025/03/15 00:37 PMCR- 2025/02/04 CRDT- 2025/02/05 18:02 PHST- 2024/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/01/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/15 00:37 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/06 00:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/05 18:02 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(25)00021-0 [pii] AID - 105577 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105577 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2025 Mar;113:105577. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105577. Epub 2025 Feb 4. PMID- 39907353 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250205 LR - 20260428 IS - 1518-8345 (Electronic) IS - 0104-1169 (Print) IS - 0104-1169 (Linking) VI - 33 DP - 2025 TI - Prevalent symptoms and characteristics of the Long COVID-19 population: a scoping review. PG - e4479 LID - S0104-11692025000100501 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1518-8345.7353.4479 [doi] LID - e4479 AB - to map the scientific literature on the clinical and demographic characteristics of Long COVID-19. this is a scoping review based on the principles recommended by the JBI and the PRISMA guidelines for data extraction, carried out on four databases. The PCC strategy was used for data collection, and the results were described and diagrammed. The studies were selected after removing duplicates, individual and peer review. an analysis of the 13 articles selected showed that Long COVID affects all age groups and people of both sexes, presenting a multiplicity of symptoms, such as fatigue (61.5%), dyspnea (46.1%), changes in smell and/or taste (38.6%), anxiety (15.3%) and cognitive impairment (30.7%). Females were found to be at increased risk of developing Long COVID. identifying the symptoms prevalent in Long COVID contributes to public health strategies for diagnosing and assisting people affected by the disease. Future studies are recommended on the approach to the persistence of symptoms in Long COVID and the relationship between adherence to the vaccination schedule against COVID-19, gender, race/ethnicity, degree of susceptibility in the different age groups, level of education and income, as well as the most recurrent comorbidities in the population. BACKGROUND: (1) It was found that Long COVID affects all age groups of both sexes. (2) Most common symptoms: fatigue, dyspnea and altered sense of smell and/or taste. (3) Risk factors: female gender, COVID-19 severity and comorbidities. FAU - Prediger, Karina Marques AU - Prediger KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8323-3632 AD - Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Departamento de Enfermagem, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. AD - Scholarship holder at the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil. FAU - Ribeiro, Ana Cristina AU - Ribeiro AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0493-8376 AD - Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Departamento de Enfermagem, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. FAU - Uehara, Silvia Carla da Silva Andre AU - Uehara SCDSA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0236-5025 AD - Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Departamento de Enfermagem, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. LA - eng LA - por LA - spa PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20250203 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Lat Am Enfermagem JT - Revista latino-americana de enfermagem JID - 9420934 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Dyspnea/epidemiology MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Sex Factors PMC - PMC11789739 COIS- Conflict of interest: the authors have declared that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/02/05 12:26 MHDA- 2025/02/05 12:27 PMCR- 2025/02/03 CRDT- 2025/02/05 08:53 PHST- 2024/02/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/05 12:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/05 12:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/05 08:53 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0104-11692025000100501 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1518-8345.7353.4479 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2025 Feb 3;33:e4479. doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.7353.4479. eCollection 2025. PMID- 39881668 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250131 IS - 2666-6065 (Electronic) IS - 2666-6065 (Linking) VI - 52 DP - 2024 Nov TI - Long COVID facts and findings: a large-scale online survey in 74,075 Chinese participants. PG - 101218 LID - 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101218 [doi] LID - 101218 AB - BACKGROUND: Research on long COVID in China is limited, particularly in terms of large-sample epidemiological data and the effects of recent SARS-CoV-2 sub-variants. China provides an ideal study environment owing to its large infection base, high vaccine coverage, and stringent pre-pandemic measures. METHODS: This retrospective study used an online questionnaire to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection status and long COVID symptoms among 74,075 Chinese residents over one year. The relationships between baseline characteristics, vaccination status, pathogenic infection, and long COVID were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression, and propensity matching. FINDINGS: Analysis of 68,200 valid responses revealed that the most frequent long COVID symptoms include fatigue (30.53%), memory decline (27.93%), decreased exercise ability (18.29%), and brain fog (16.87%). These symptoms were less prevalent among those infected only once: fatigue (24.85%), memory decline (18.11%), and decreased exercise ability (12.52%), etc. Women were more likely to experience long COVID, with symptoms varying by age group, except for sleep disorders and muscle/joint pain, which were more common in older individuals. Northern China exhibits a higher prevalence of long COVID, potentially linked to temperature gradients. Risk factors included underlying diseases, alcohol consumption, smoking, and the severity of acute infection (OR > 1, FDR < 0.05). Reinfection was associated with milder symptoms but led to a higher incidence and severity of long COVID (OR > 1, FDR < 0.05). Vaccination, particularly multiple boosters, significantly reduced long-term symptoms by 30%-70% (OR < 1, FDR < 0.05). COVID-19 participants also self-reported more bacterial, influenza and mycoplasma infections, and 8%-10% of patients felt SARS-CoV-2-induced chronic diseases. INTERPRETATION: This survey provides valuable insights into long COVID situation among Chinese residents, with 10%-30% (including repeated infection) reporting symptoms. Monitoring at-risk individuals based on identified risk factors is essential for public health efforts. FUNDING: This study was funded by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M723344, 2023M743729), Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2023A1515110489), and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-027420). CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). FAU - Qin, Shijie AU - Qin S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China. AD - Innovative Vaccine and Immunotherapy Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Zhang, Yanan AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China. AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Li, Yanhua AU - Li Y AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Huang, Ling AU - Huang L AD - Department of Critical Medicine, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China. FAU - Yang, Ting AU - Yang T AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Si, Jiahui AU - Si J AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Wang, Likui AU - Wang L AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases (CEEID), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China. AD - International Institute of Vaccine Research and Innovation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 101408, China. FAU - Zhao, Xin AU - Zhao X AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Ma, Xiaopeng AU - Ma X AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China. FAU - Gao, George F AU - Gao GF AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China. AD - Innovative Vaccine and Immunotherapy Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China. AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases (CEEID), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241011 PL - England TA - Lancet Reg Health West Pac JT - The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific JID - 101774968 PMC - PMC11776084 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Epidemiology OT - Long COVID OT - Questionnaire survey OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine background COIS- All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/01/30 11:07 MHDA- 2025/01/30 11:08 PMCR- 2024/10/11 CRDT- 2025/01/30 04:23 PHST- 2024/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/30 11:08 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/30 11:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/30 04:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/10/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-6065(24)00212-8 [pii] AID - 101218 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101218 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2024 Oct 11;52:101218. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101218. eCollection 2024 Nov. PMID- 39875584 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250504 LR - 20250524 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Print) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Mar TI - Robust mucosal SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells effectively combat COVID-19 and establish polyfunctional resident memory in patient lungs. PG - 459-472 LID - 10.1038/s41590-024-02072-9 [doi] AB - Mucosal antigen-specific T cells are pivotal for pathogen clearance and immune modulation in respiratory infections. Dysregulated T cell responses exacerbate coronavirus disease 2019 severity, marked by cytokine storms and respiratory failure. Despite extensive description in peripheral blood, the characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cells in the lungs remain elusive. Here we conducted integrated single-cell profiling of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in 122 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and 280 blood samples from 159 patients, including 27 paired BALF and blood samples from 24 patients. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were robustly elicited in BALF irrespective of prior vaccination, correlating with diminished viral loads, lessened systemic inflammation and improved respiratory function. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in BALF exhibited profound activation, along with proliferative and multi-cytokine-producing capabilities and a glycolysis-driven metabolic signature, which were distinct from those observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. After viral clearance, these specific T cells maintained a polyfunctional tissue-resident memory phenotype, highlighting their critical roles in infection control and long-term protection. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Zhu, Airu AU - Zhu A AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Zhao AU - Chen Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Yan, Qihong AU - Yan Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1645-8764 AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Jiang, Mei AU - Jiang M AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Xuesong AU - Liu X AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Zhengtu AU - Li Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Na AU - Li N AD - Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Tang, Chunli AU - Tang C AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Jian, Wenhua AU - Jian W AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - He, Jiangping AU - He J AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Lan AU - Chen L AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Cheng, Jinling AU - Cheng J AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Canjie AU - Chen C AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Tang, Tian AU - Tang T AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Xu, Zhiwei AU - Xu Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Hu, Qingtao AU - Hu Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8291-7116 AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Fang AU - Li F AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Yanqun AU - Wang Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Sun, Jing AU - Sun J AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhuang, Zhen AU - Zhuang Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wen, Liyan AU - Wen L AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhuo, Jianfen AU - Zhuo J AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Donglan AU - Liu D AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Yanjun AU - Zhang Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Xiaofang AU - Huang X AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Suxiang AU - Li S AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zeng, Qiuhui AU - Zeng Q AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Fangli AU - Chen F AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhou, Liang AU - Zhou L AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Dongdong AU - Liu D AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhong, Changhao AU - Zhong C AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Yu AU - Chen Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Shiyue AU - Li S AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liang, Kangli AU - Liang K AD - Guangdong Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, China. FAU - Zhong, Na AU - Zhong N AD - Shenzhen Peacock Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Zhang, Xinmei AU - Zhang X AD - Shenzhen Peacock Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Chen, Jiekai AU - Chen J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5168-7074 AD - Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaobo AU - Chen X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2866-5859 AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. xiaobo-win@163.com. FAU - Xu, Yonghao AU - Xu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4905-0979 AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. dryonghao@163.com. AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. dryonghao@163.com. AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. dryonghao@163.com. FAU - Zhong, Nanshan AU - Zhong N AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. nanshan@vip.163.com. AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. nanshan@vip.163.com. FAU - Zhao, Jingxian AU - Zhao J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2615-3182 AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. zhaojingxian@gird.cn. AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. zhaojingxian@gird.cn. FAU - Zhao, Jincun AU - Zhao J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2515-5589 AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. zhaojincun@gird.cn. AD - Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. zhaojincun@gird.cn. AD - Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. zhaojincun@gird.cn. AD - National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China. zhaojincun@gird.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250128 PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/immunology/cytology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Lung/immunology/virology MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Adult MH - Viral Load MH - *T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Immunity, Mucosal MH - Single-Cell Analysis PMC - PMC11876067 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/01/29 00:20 MHDA- 2025/03/04 00:21 PMCR- 2025/01/28 CRDT- 2025/01/28 23:24 PHST- 2024/06/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/04 00:21 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/29 00:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/28 23:24 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41590-024-02072-9 [pii] AID - 2072 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-024-02072-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2025 Mar;26(3):459-472. doi: 10.1038/s41590-024-02072-9. Epub 2025 Jan 28. PMID- 39857653 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260923 IS - 2227-9059 (Print) IS - 2227-9059 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9059 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Dec 30 TI - Persistent Health and Cognitive Impairments up to Four Years Post-COVID-19 in Young Students: The Impact of Virus Variants and Vaccination Timing. LID - 10.3390/biomedicines13010069 [doi] LID - 69 AB - Background: The long-term consequences of COVID-19 infection are becoming increasingly evident in recent studies. This repeated cross-sectional study aimed to explore the long-term health and cognitive effects of COVID-19, focusing on how virus variants, vaccination, illness severity, and time since infection impact post-COVID-19 outcomes. Methods: We examined three cohorts of university students (N = 584) and used non-parametric methods to assess correlations of various health and cognitive variables with SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 severity, vaccination status, time since infection, time since vaccination, and virus variants. Results: Our results suggest that some health and cognitive impairments may persist, with some even appearing to progressively worsen-particularly fatigue in women and memory in men-up to four years post-infection. The data further indicate that the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 variant may have the most significant long-term impact, while the Omicron variant appears to have the least. Interestingly, the severity of the acute illness was not correlated with the variant of SARS-CoV-2. The analysis also revealed that individuals who contracted COVID-19 after vaccination had better health and cognitive outcomes compared to those infected before vaccination. Conclusions: Overall, our results indicate that even in young individuals who predominantly experienced only mild forms of the infection, a gradual decline in health and fitness can occur over a span of four years post-infection. Notably, some negative trends-at least in men-only began to stabilize or even reverse during the fourth year, whereas in women, these trends showed no such improvement. These findings suggest that the long-term public health impacts of COVID-19 may be more severe and affect a much broader population than is commonly assumed. FAU - Latifi, Ashkan AU - Latifi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8725-2910 AD - Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology, Department of Philosophy and History of Sciences, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Flegr, Jaroslav AU - Flegr J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0822-0126 AD - Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology, Department of Philosophy and History of Sciences, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic. LA - eng GR - 22-20785S/Czech Science Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241230 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomedicines JT - Biomedicines JID - 101691304 PMC - PMC11760454 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cognition OT - long COVID OT - long-term effects OT - mental health COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/01/25 13:52 MHDA- 2025/01/25 13:53 PMCR- 2024/12/30 CRDT- 2025/01/25 01:06 PHST- 2024/11/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/25 13:53 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/25 13:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/25 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biomedicines13010069 [pii] AID - biomedicines-13-00069 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biomedicines13010069 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomedicines. 2024 Dec 30;13(1):69. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13010069. PMID- 39850323 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250129 IS - 1611-2156 (Print) IS - 1611-2156 (Electronic) IS - 1611-2156 (Linking) VI - 23 DP - 2024 TI - Current update on the neurological manifestations of long COVID: more questions than answers. PG - 1463-1486 LID - 10.17179/excli2024-7885 [doi] AB - Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a global surge in patients presenting with prolonged or late-onset debilitating sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, colloquially termed long COVID. This narrative review provides an updated synthesis of the latest evidence on the neurological manifestations of long COVID, discussing its clinical phenotypes, underlying pathophysiology, while also presenting the current state of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Approximately one-third of COVID-19 survivors experience prolonged neurological sequelae that persist for at least 12-months post-infection, adversely affecting patients' quality of life. Core neurological manifestations comprise fatigue, post-exertional malaise, cognitive impairment, headache, lightheadedness ('brain fog'), sleep disturbances, taste or smell disorders, dysautonomia, anxiety, and depression. Some of these features overlap substantially with those reported in post-intensive-care syndrome, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and postural-orthostatic-tachycardia syndrome. Advances in data-driven research utilizing electronic-health-records combined with machine learning and artificial intelligence have propelled the identification of long COVID sub-phenotypes. Furthermore, the evolving definitions reflect the dynamic conceptualization of long COVID in both research and clinical contexts. Although the underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely elucidated, neuroinflammatory responses, endotheliopathy, and metabolic imbalances, rather than direct viral neuroinvasion, are implicated in neurological sequelae. Genetic susceptibility has also emerged as a potential risk factor. While major limitations remain with existing definitions, collaborative strategies to standardize diagnostic approaches are needed. Current therapeutic paradigms advocate for multimodal approaches, integrating pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions along with comprehensive rehabilitation programs. Although preliminary evidence of therapeutic efficacy has been provided by a number of clinical trials, methodological constraints limit the generalizability of this evidence. Preventive measures, notably vaccination, have proven integral for reducing the global burden of long COVID. Considering the healthcare and socioeconomic repercussions incurred by long COVID worldwide, international collaborative initiatives are warranted to address the remaining challenges in diagnosing and managing patients presenting with neurological sequelae. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1). CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Stefanou et al. FAU - Stefanou, Maria-Ioanna AU - Stefanou MI AD - Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. AD - Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. AD - Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. FAU - Panagiotopoulos, Evangelos AU - Panagiotopoulos E AD - Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Palaiodimou, Lina AU - Palaiodimou L AD - Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Bakola, Eleni AU - Bakola E AD - Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Smyrnis, Nikolaos AU - Smyrnis N AD - Second Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Papadopoulou, Marianna AU - Papadopoulou M AD - Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. AD - Department of Physiotherapy, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece. FAU - Moschovos, Christos AU - Moschovos C AD - Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Paraskevas, George P AU - Paraskevas GP AD - Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Rizos, Emmanouil AU - Rizos E AD - Second Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Boutati, Eleni AU - Boutati E AD - Second Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute, University General Hospital Attikon, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. FAU - Tzavellas, Elias AU - Tzavellas E AD - First Department of Psychiatry, "Aiginition" Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. FAU - Gatzonis, Stylianos AU - Gatzonis S AD - Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. FAU - Mengel, Annerose AU - Mengel A AD - Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. AD - Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. FAU - Giannopoulos, Sotirios AU - Giannopoulos S AD - Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Tsiodras, Sotirios AU - Tsiodras S AD - Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece. FAU - Kimiskidis, Vasilios K AU - Kimiskidis VK AD - First Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Tsivgoulis, Georgios AU - Tsivgoulis G AD - Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20241127 PL - Germany TA - EXCLI J JT - EXCLI journal JID - 101299402 PMC - PMC11755773 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - PACS OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - brain fog OT - long COVID OT - long-haul EDAT- 2025/01/24 06:26 MHDA- 2025/01/24 06:27 PMCR- 2024/11/27 CRDT- 2025/01/24 04:18 PHST- 2024/09/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/24 06:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/24 06:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/24 04:18 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2024-7885 [pii] AID - Doc1463 [pii] AID - 10.17179/excli2024-7885 [doi] PST - epublish SO - EXCLI J. 2024 Nov 27;23:1463-1486. doi: 10.17179/excli2024-7885. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39827600 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250502 LR - 20250905 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 48 DP - 2025 Feb 27 TI - Impairment of the T cell memory response in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. PG - 126723 LID - S0264-410X(25)00020-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126723 [doi] AB - CLL patients face increased vulnerability to COVID-19 because of weakened immune systems from comorbidities and treatments. Therefore, the need for these patients of vaccination is of outermost importance. In our study we have evaluated T cell-mediated responses to COVID19 vaccines by performing the activation-induced markers (AIM) assay which allows to determine spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. A CD4+ T cell memory response was registered in all healthy control (HC) (responders), while 28.60 % of CLL patients did not respond to the stimulation (non-responders). CD8+ T cell memory response was impaired in 61.90 % of CLL patients and in 33.33 % of HC. In addition, CLL responders showed a significant impairment of the magnitude of memory response in CD8 subset. Interestingly, impairment of the CD4+ AIM+ memory was associated to a more severe COVID-19 infection. Ibrutinib therapy had negative impact on IL-2 production by CD8+ cells, while the duration of the treatment positively affected the memory response. The majority of CLL patients don't respond well to vaccination, leaving clinicians in need of a reliable way to identify non-responders and assess the protection levels of those who do. Our findings suggest the AIM test as a promising method for screening and categorizing patients, potentially addressing this need. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Raineri, Davide AU - Raineri D AD - Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy. Electronic address: davide.raineri@med.uniupo.it. FAU - Mazzucca, Camilla Barbero AU - Mazzucca CB AD - Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy. Electronic address: camilla.barbero@uniupo.it. FAU - Moia, Riccardo AU - Moia R AD - Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Universita del Piemonte Orientale and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, 28100 Novara, Italy. FAU - Bruna, Riccardo AU - Bruna R AD - Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Universita del Piemonte Orientale and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, 28100 Novara, Italy. FAU - Kustrimovic, Natasa AU - Kustrimovic N AD - Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy. Electronic address: natasa.kustrimovic@uniupo.it. FAU - Cappellano, Giuseppe AU - Cappellano G AD - Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.cappellano@med.uniupo.it. FAU - Bellan, Mattia AU - Bellan M AD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, "AOU Maggiore della Carita", Novara, Italy. FAU - Perazzi, Mattia AU - Perazzi M AD - Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, "AOU Maggiore della Carita", Novara, Italy. FAU - Gaidano, Gianluca AU - Gaidano G AD - Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Universita del Piemonte Orientale and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, 28100 Novara, Italy. FAU - Chiocchetti, Annalisa AU - Chiocchetti A AD - Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy. Electronic address: annalisa.chiocchetti@med.uniupo.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250118 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Piperidines) RN - 0 (Interleukin-2) RN - 1X70OSD4VX (ibrutinib) RN - JAC85A2161 (Adenine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology/drug therapy MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Female MH - Male MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Piperidines MH - Interleukin-2 MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Adenine/analogs & derivatives MH - Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Activation-induced markers assay OT - COVID-19 OT - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia OT - Vaccine COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/01/20 22:52 MHDA- 2025/02/20 00:21 CRDT- 2025/01/19 18:05 PHST- 2024/09/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/20 00:21 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/20 22:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/19 18:05 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(25)00020-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126723 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2025 Feb 27;48:126723. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126723. Epub 2025 Jan 18. PMID- 39787799 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250430 LR - 20250905 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 47 DP - 2025 Feb 15 TI - Post-COVID symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 omicron infection and the effect of booster vaccination: A population-based cohort study. PG - 126664 LID - S0264-410X(24)01346-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126664 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The impact of vaccination on the type and risk of specific post-COVID symptoms after Omicron infection is not clear. We aimed to investigate the excess risk and patterns of 22 symptoms 3-5 months after Omicron infection, comparing uninfected and infected subjects with and without recent booster vaccination. METHODS: We conducted a population-based prospective study based on four questionnaire-based cohorts linked to national health registries. Our study includes female and male participants aged 11-80 years from The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study, The Norwegian Influenza Pregnancy Cohort, The Senior Cohort, and The Young Adult Cohort. All participants registered presence of 22 COVID-related symptoms irrespective of infection and vaccination status. RESULTS: The study sample includes more than 31,000 uninfected and 26,000 Omicron infected subjects. Among infected subjects, 12 % were vaccinated with two doses >130 days before the primary infection (median 154 days) but had not received a third dose, while 76 % had received a third (booster) dose (median 40 days before infection). Among those with two doses only, the excess risk for new symptoms after infection (vs. no infection) were up to 15 % for women and 9 % for men. Among infected subjects with recent booster dose, the corresponding excess risks were 7 % among women and up to 5 % among men. The largest risk differences after recent booster vaccination were seen for poor memory, brain fog, and fatigue. Post-COVID symptoms were more often detected among young and middle-aged adults than among adolescents and older age groups. CONCLUSION: Recent booster vaccination before infection substantially reduced both neurocognitive and cardiorespiratory symptoms occurring at least 3 months after Omicron infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Caspersen, Ida Henriette AU - Caspersen IH AD - Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: ida.henriette.caspersen@fhi.no. FAU - Skodvin, Siri N AU - Skodvin SN AD - Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Blix, Kristine AU - Blix K AD - Department of Method Development and Analysis, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Robertson, Anna Hayman AU - Robertson AH AD - Department of Method Development and Analysis, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Laake, Ida AU - Laake I AD - Department of Method Development and Analysis, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Feiring, Berit AU - Feiring B AD - Department of Method Development and Analysis, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Magnus, Per AU - Magnus P AD - Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Mjaaland, Siri AU - Mjaaland S AD - Department of Method Development and Analysis, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Trogstad, Lill AU - Trogstad L AD - Department of Method Development and Analysis, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250108 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology/immunology/complications MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Prospective Studies MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Norway/epidemiology MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - MoBa OT - Post-acute sequelae OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/01/10 00:21 MHDA- 2025/01/31 00:21 CRDT- 2025/01/09 18:06 PHST- 2024/09/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/31 00:21 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/10 00:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/09 18:06 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(24)01346-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126664 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2025 Feb 15;47:126664. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126664. Epub 2025 Jan 8. PMID- 39777257 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260925 IS - 2632-1297 (Electronic) IS - 2632-1297 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 1 DP - 2025 TI - Vaccination prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection does not affect the neurologic manifestations of long COVID. PG - fcae448 LID - 10.1093/braincomms/fcae448 [doi] LID - fcae448 AB - Persistent symptoms after COVID-19 constitute the long COVID syndrome, also called post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). COVID-19 vaccines reduce the gravity of ensuing SARS-CoV-2 infections. However, whether vaccines also have an impact on PASC remain unknown. We investigated whether vaccination prior to infection alters the subsequent neurologic post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Neuro-PASC). We studied prospectively the first consecutive 200 post-hospitalization Neuro-PASC (PNP) and 1100 non-hospitalized Neuro-PASC (NNP) patients evaluated at our neuro-COVID-19 clinic between May 2020 and January 2023. Among PNP patients, 87% had a pre-vaccination infection and 13% had a breakthrough infection post-vaccination. Among the NNP patients, 70.7% had a pre-vaccination infection and 29.3% had a breakthrough infection. Both PNP and NNP breakthrough infection patients had more frequent pre-existing depression/anxiety than their respective pre-vaccination infection groups, and NNP breakthrough infection patients also had more frequent comorbidities of headache, lung and gastrointestinal diseases than the NNP pre-vaccination infection group. An average of 10 months after symptom onset, the three most common neurological symptoms for PNP patients were brain fog (86.5%), numbness/tingling (56.5%) and headache (56.5%). Of all Neuro-PASC symptoms, PNP breakthrough infection more frequently reported anosmia compared to PNP pre-vaccination infection patients (69.2 versus 37.9%; P = 0.005). For NNP patients, the three most common neurological symptoms were brain fog (83.9%), headache (70.9%) and dizziness (53.8%). NNP pre-vaccination infection reported anosmia (56.6 versus 39.1%; P < 0.0001) and dysgeusia (53.3 versus 37.3%; P < 0.0001) more frequently than breakthrough infection patients. NNP breakthrough infection more frequently reported dizziness compared to NNP pre-vaccination infection patients (61.5 versus 50.6%; P = 0.001). Both PNP and NNP patients had impaired quality-of-life in cognitive, fatigue, sleep, anxiety and depression domains with no differences between pre-vaccination infection and breakthrough infection groups. PNP patients performed worse on National Institutes of Health Toolbox tests of processing speed, attention, executive function and working memory than a US normative population whereas NNP patients had lower results in processing, speed, attention and working memory, without differences between pre-vaccination infection and breakthrough infection groups. These results indicate that vaccination prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection does not affect the neurologic manifestations of long COVID in either PNP or NNP patients. Minor differences in neurologic symptoms between pre-vaccination infection and breakthrough infection groups may be caused by SARS-CoV-2 strains evolution. Patients developing Neuro-PASC after breakthrough infection have a higher burden of comorbidities, highlighting different risk factors warranting targeted management. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. FAU - Mukherjee, Shreya AU - Mukherjee S AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Singer, Tracey AU - Singer T AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Venkatesh, Aditi AU - Venkatesh A AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Choudhury, Natasha A AU - Choudhury NA AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Perez Giraldo, Gina S AU - Perez Giraldo GS AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Jimenez, Millenia AU - Jimenez M AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Miller, Janet AU - Miller J AD - Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Lopez, Melissa AU - Lopez M AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Hanson, Barbara A AU - Hanson BA AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Bawa, Aasheeta P AU - Bawa AP AD - Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Batra, Ayush AU - Batra A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4783-5801 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Liotta, Eric M AU - Liotta EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3182-585X AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Koralnik, Igor J AU - Koralnik IJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6836-1468 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. LA - eng GR - K23 AG078705/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AG086751/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250107 PL - England TA - Brain Commun JT - Brain communications JID - 101755125 PMC - PMC11703551 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - long COVID OT - neurology OT - post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection COIS- The authors report no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/01/09 00:23 MHDA- 2025/01/09 00:24 PMCR- 2025/01/07 CRDT- 2025/01/08 18:04 PHST- 2024/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/09 00:24 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/09 00:23 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/08 18:04 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - fcae448 [pii] AID - 10.1093/braincomms/fcae448 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Commun. 2025 Jan 7;7(1):fcae448. doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae448. eCollection 2025. PMID- 39772064 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250108 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec 12 TI - Receptor Binding Domain-Specific B Cell Memory Responses Among Individuals Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2. LID - 10.3390/vaccines12121396 [doi] LID - 1396 AB - Background: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted unprecedented vaccine development efforts against SARS-CoV-2. India, which was one of the countries most impacted by COVID-19, developed its indigenous vaccine in addition to utilizing the ones developed by other countries. While antibody levels and neutralizing antibody titres are considered initial correlates of immune protection, long-term protection from the pathogen relies on memory B and T cells and their recall responses. In this regard, global research has primarily focused on mRNA-based vaccines. The studies on immune memory response, particularly B cell memory response induced by the vaccines given to Indians, remain relatively obscure. Methods: We assessed Receptor Binding Domain-specific memory B cells in the peripheral circulation and their ability to secrete antigen-specific antibodies among Indians vaccinated with Covaxin (BBV152), Covishield (AZD1222), Corbevax (BECOV2D), and Sputnik Light, as well as unvaccinated individuals. Results: Corbevax and Sputnik Light conferred better antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses over time compared to other groups. Conclusions: These findings contribute to our understanding of vaccine-induced immune memory in the Indian population; providing insights that could inform future vaccine strategies. FAU - Athavale, Atharv AU - Athavale A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-5066-1833 AD - BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India. FAU - Gaur, Anmol AU - Gaur A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0950-3228 AD - BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India. FAU - Ahmed, Nafees AU - Ahmed N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2590-9300 AD - BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India. FAU - Subramaniam, Adarsh AU - Subramaniam A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-0301-9303 AD - BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India. FAU - Dandotiya, Jyotsna AU - Dandotiya J AD - BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India. FAU - Raj, Sneha AU - Raj S AD - BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India. FAU - Upadhyay, Santosh Kumar AU - Upadhyay SK AD - Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital 263001, India. FAU - Samal, Sweety AU - Samal S AD - BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India. FAU - Pandey, Anil Kumar AU - Pandey AK AD - ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad 121012, India. FAU - Rai, Ramesh Chandra AU - Rai RC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8008-3904 AD - BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India. FAU - Awasthi, Amit AU - Awasthi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2563-1971 AD - BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241212 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC11680197 OTO - NOTNLM OT - antibody-secreting cell (ASC) OT - coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) OT - memory B cell (MBC) OT - receptor-binding domain (RBD) OT - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) COIS- The authors declare no known competing financial interests that could have influenced this work. EDAT- 2025/01/08 06:21 MHDA- 2025/01/08 06:22 PMCR- 2024/12/12 CRDT- 2025/01/08 01:41 PHST- 2024/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/10/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/08 06:22 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/08 06:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/08 01:41 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines12121396 [pii] AID - vaccines-12-01396 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines12121396 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Dec 12;12(12):1396. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12121396. PMID- 39765453 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250516 LR - 20250516 IS - 1995-9133 (Electronic) IS - 1684-1182 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Jun TI - BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine elicits robust virus-specific antibodies but poor cross-protective CD8(+) memory T cell responses in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. PG - 294-303 LID - S1684-1182(25)00001-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jmii.2024.12.009 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 mRNA vaccines have demonstrated 95 % efficacy in the general population. However, their immunogenicity in adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), who exhibit weaken immune responses, remains insufficiently explored. METHODS: Longitudinal analysis of innate immune responses following PRR-agonists and BNT162b2 vaccine stimulations, along with S-specific antibody responses, memory T cell recall responses, and RNA-sequencing were assessed in eight T1D adolescents and 16 healthy controls at six different timepoints. RESULTS: After BNT162b2 vaccination, T1D adolescents produced SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) comparable to healthy controls. Lower pre-vaccination blood HbA1c level correlated with higher antibody responses among T1D adolescents. However, they exhibited impaired TLR9-induced B cells and the first vaccine-induced monocyte activation. These differences were supported by transcriptomic analysis, which revealed the impairment in innate immune-related signatures both before and after vaccination. One year post-second vaccination, T1D adolescents demonstrated compromised cross-protection of T cell against BA.1 compared to healthy controls, which correlated with impaired innate immune responses identified in this study. CONCLUSION: This study reveals that while T1D adolescents vaccinated with the BNT162b2 vaccine develop robust S-specific antibodies, their cross-protective T cell responses are suboptimal. CI - Copyright (c) 2025. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Shen, Ching-Fen AU - Shen CF AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Chang, Pei-De AU - Chang PD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Chou, Yen-Yin AU - Chou YY AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Wang, Shih-Wei AU - Wang SW AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Pan, Yu-Wen AU - Pan YW AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Chen, Chih-An AU - Chen CA AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Lin, Ching-Wei AU - Lin CW AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Tsai, Bo-Yang AU - Tsai BY AD - Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Tsai, Pei-Jane AU - Tsai PJ AD - Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Liu, Ching-Chuan AU - Liu CC AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Cheng, Chao-Min AU - Cheng CM AD - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan. FAU - Ko, Wen-Chien AU - Ko WC AD - Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. FAU - Shieh, Chi-Chang AU - Shieh CC AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. Electronic address: cshieh@mail.ncku.edu.tw. CN - Taiwan Pediatric Infectious Disease Alliance (TPIDA) LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250103 PL - England TA - J Microbiol Immunol Infect JT - Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi JID - 100956211 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Immunity, Innate MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Child OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - BNT162b2 vaccine OT - Innate immune response OT - T cell responses OT - Type 1 diabetes COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/01/08 00:19 MHDA- 2025/05/16 11:43 CRDT- 2025/01/07 21:56 PHST- 2024/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/16 11:43 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/08 00:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/07 21:56 [entrez] AID - S1684-1182(25)00001-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jmii.2024.12.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2025 Jun;58(3):294-303. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2024.12.009. Epub 2025 Jan 3. PMID- 39742263 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250101 LR - 20260717 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Reduced durability of hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised children. PG - 1502598 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1502598 [doi] LID - 1502598 AB - BACKGROUND: In endemic COVID-19, immunocompromised children are vulnerable until vaccinated but the optimal primary vaccination regime and need for booster doses remains uncertain. METHODS: We recruited 19 immunocompromised children (post-solid organ transplantation, have autoimmune disease or were on current or recent chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia), and followed them from the start of primary vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 until 1-year post-vaccination. We investigated the quality of vaccine immunogenicity, and longevity of hybrid immunity, in comparison to healthy children. RESULTS: Immunocompromised children failed to produce T cell and memory B cell (MBC) responses reaching thresholds of protection after 2 doses; a third dose however improved both responses. Initially robust hybrid immunity demonstrated significantly more decline in T cell and MBC responses in immunocompromised compared to healthy children, to levels below the protective threshold by month 12. DISCUSSION: Immunocompromised children may benefit from a 3-dose primary vaccination regime, with yearly or twice-yearly booster doses for sustained immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Zhong, Kottaiswamy, Ang, Li, Yap, Tay, Osman, Roslan, Tan, Yap, Ang, Chan Ng, Yap, Lu, Aw, Karthik, Quak, Quah, Tham, Shek and Ooi. FAU - Zhong, Youjia AU - Zhong Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Program of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Kottaiswamy, Amuthavalli AU - Kottaiswamy A AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Ang, Chen Xiang AU - Ang CX AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Li, Hui' En AU - Li HE AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Yap, Gaik Chin AU - Yap GC AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Tay, Carina J X AU - Tay CJX AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Osman, Nurul Elyana AU - Osman NE AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Roslan, Siti Namirah Binte AU - Roslan SNB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Tan, Chee Wah AU - Tan CW AD - Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Yap, Wee Chee AU - Yap WC AD - Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Ang, Elizabeth Y AU - Ang EY AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Chan Ng, Pauline P L AU - Chan Ng PPL AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Yap, Hui Kim AU - Yap HK AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Lu, Liangjian AU - Lu L AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Aw, Marion M AU - Aw MM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Karthik, Sivaraman V AU - Karthik SV AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Quak, Seng Hock AU - Quak SH AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Quah, Thuan Chong AU - Quah TC AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Tham, Elizabeth H AU - Tham EH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Shek, Lynette P AU - Shek LP AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Ooi, Eng Eong AU - Ooi EE AD - Program of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Center, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Center, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Clinical Translational Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241217 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunocompromised Host MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Child MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child, Preschool MH - *BNT162 Vaccine/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Adolescent MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Immunogenicity, Vaccine MH - Vaccination MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC11685208 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - T cells OT - adaptive immunity OT - correlates of protection OT - memory B cells OT - vaccine durability OT - vaccine immunogenicity COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/01/01 21:24 MHDA- 2025/01/01 21:25 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2025/01/01 04:37 PHST- 2024/09/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/01 21:25 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/01 21:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/01 04:37 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1502598 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Dec 17;15:1502598. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1502598. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39740385 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250429 LR - 20250905 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 46 DP - 2025 Feb 6 TI - Mucosal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 using recombinant influenza viruses delivering self-assembling nanoparticles. PG - 126668 LID - S0264-410X(24)01350-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126668 [doi] AB - Recombinant influenza viruses are promising vectors that can bolster antibody and resident lymphocyte responses within mucosal sites. This study evaluates recombinant influenza viruses with SARS-CoV-2 RBD genes in eliciting mucosal and systemic responses. Using reverse genetics, we generated replication-competent recombinant influenza viruses carrying heterologous RBD genes in monomeric, trimeric, or ferritin-based nanoparticle forms. Following intranasal immunisation, mice developed potent serological anti-RBD responses, with ferritin nanoparticles superseding monomeric or trimeric RBD responses. While parenteral and mucosal immunisation elicited robust anti-RBD IgG in serum, mucosal immunisation seeded respiratory IgA, RBD-specific lung-resident memory and germinal centre (GC) B cells. In animals with prior intramuscular vaccination, intranasal boosting with recombinant influenza vectors augmented mucosal IgG, IgA, GC and memory B cells, and SARS-CoV-2 lung neutralising titres. Recall of RBD-specific memory B cells via antigen re-exposure in the lung increased antibody-secreting cells in the lung-draining lymph nodes, with maintenance of lung GC B cells. Recombinant influenza-based vaccines effectively deliver highly immunogenic self-assembling nanoparticles, generating antibodies and B cells in the respiratory mucosa. This strategy provides a tractable pathway to augment lung-localised responses against recurrent respiratory viral infections. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Pilapitiya, Devaki AU - Pilapitiya D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. FAU - Lee, Wen Shi AU - Lee WS AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. FAU - Vu, Mai N AU - Vu MN AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. FAU - Kelly, Andrew AU - Kelly A AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. FAU - Webster, Rosela H AU - Webster RH AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. FAU - Koutsakos, Marios AU - Koutsakos M AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. FAU - Kent, Stephen J AU - Kent SJ AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Juno, Jennifer A AU - Juno JA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. FAU - Tan, Hyon-Xhi AU - Tan HX AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. Electronic address: hxtan@unimelb.edu.au. FAU - Wheatley, Adam K AU - Wheatley AK AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. Electronic address: a.wheatley@unimelb.edu.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241230 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Nanoparticles/administration & dosage/chemistry MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Influenza Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Female MH - Administration, Intranasal MH - Immunity, Mucosal MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin A/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/genetics MH - Vaccination/methods MH - Lung/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Humans MH - Orthomyxoviridae/genetics/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Germinal centres OT - Memory B cells OT - Mucosal immunisation OT - Nanoparticle vaccines OT - Neutralising antibodies OT - Recombinant influenza viruses OT - Respiratory viral infections COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/01/01 12:42 MHDA- 2025/01/21 09:00 CRDT- 2024/12/31 18:05 PHST- 2024/08/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/21 09:00 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/01 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/31 18:05 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(24)01350-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126668 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2025 Feb 6;46:126668. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126668. Epub 2024 Dec 30. PMID- 39720104 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250318 IS - 2405-6502 (Electronic) IS - 2405-6502 (Linking) VI - 38 DP - 2025 Mar TI - Oral minocycline therapy as first-line treatment in patients with Myalgic encephalomyelitis and long COVID: A pilot study. PG - 100537 LID - 10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100537 [doi] LID - 100537 AB - BACKGROUND: Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) is associated with long COVID and also untoward sequelae after anti-coronavirus vaccination. Recently, oral minocycline therapy has been reported to ameliorate symptoms in patients with ME, particularly at the initial stage of the disease. METHODS: Oral minocycline (100 mg x 2 on the first day, followed by 100 mg/day for 41 days) was administered to 55 patients with ME that emerged during the "Corona era," including 19 patients with long COVID and 5 patients diagnosed with untoward sequalae following coronavirus vaccination. RESULTS: Acute adverse effects including nausea and/or dizziness caused four (7 %) patients to discontinue treatment in the first few days. Among the other 51 patients who completed therapy, favorable effects were observed, including a decrease in performance status score or index for restricted activities of daily living >/=2 points in 41 (80 %) patients. Disease duration was inversely associated with the favorable therapeutic effects (p = 0.02) and the disease duration within 6 months was significantly associated with the favorable therapeutic effects (27/30, 90 %, p = 0.02, hazard ratio: 3.6, 95 % confidence interval, 1.2-10.6). The favorable effects were observed in 16 (89 %) of 18 patients with long COVID. Significant amelioration of subjective symptoms of fatigue, post-exertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, brain fog, disequilibrium, orthostatic intolerance, and neuropathic pain were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Oral minocycline was effective at ameliorating symptoms in patients with ME including long COVID and post-coronavirus vaccination sequalae. It represents an effective first-line therapeutic option for these patients in the initial stage. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). FAU - Miwa, Kunihisa AU - Miwa K AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Miwa Naika Clinic, Toyama, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241202 PL - Netherlands TA - eNeurologicalSci JT - eNeurologicalSci JID - 101667077 EIN - eNeurologicalSci. 2025 Jan 24;38:100557. doi: 10.1016/j.ensci.2025.100557. PMID: 40099157 PMC - PMC11665601 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chronic fatigue syndrome OT - Disequilibrium OT - Long COVID OT - Minocycline OT - Myalgic encephalomyelitis OT - Post-coronavirus vaccination sequalae COIS- None. EDAT- 2024/12/25 06:19 MHDA- 2024/12/25 06:20 PMCR- 2024/12/02 CRDT- 2024/12/25 04:18 PHST- 2024/06/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/25 06:20 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/25 06:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/25 04:18 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-6502(24)00044-3 [pii] AID - 100537 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100537 [doi] PST - epublish SO - eNeurologicalSci. 2024 Dec 2;38:100537. doi: 10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100537. eCollection 2025 Mar. PMID- 39717779 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241224 LR - 20260803 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Booster COVID-19 mRNA vaccination ameliorates impaired B-cell but not T-cell responses in older adults. PG - 1455334 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1455334 [doi] LID - 1455334 AB - Age-associated differences in the effect of repetitive vaccination, particularly on memory T-cell and B-cell responses, remain unclear. While older adults (aged >/=65 years) exhibited enhanced IgG responses following COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination, they produced fewer spike-specific circulating follicular helper T cells-1 than younger adults. Similarly, the cytotoxic CD8(+) T-cell response remained diminished with reduced PD-1 expression even after booster vaccination compared with that in younger adults, suggesting impaired memory T-cell activation in older adults. In contrast, although B-cell responses in older adults were weaker than those in younger adults in the primary response, the responses were significantly enhanced upon booster vaccination, reaching levels comparable with that observed in younger adults. Therefore, while booster vaccination ameliorates impaired humoral immunity in older adults by efficiently stimulating memory B-cell responses, it may less effectively enhance T-cell-mediated cellular immunity. Our study provides insights for the development of effective therapeutic and vaccine strategies for the most vulnerable older population. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Kometani, Yorimitsu, Jo, Yamaguchi, Kikuchi, Fukahori, Sawada, Tsujimoto, Sunami, Li, Ito, Pretemer, Gao, Hidaka, Yamamoto, Kaku, Nakagama, Kido, Grifoni, Sette, Nagao, Morita, Nakajima, Muto and Hamazaki. FAU - Kometani, Kohei AU - Kometani K AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Yorimitsu, Takaaki AU - Yorimitsu T AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Jo, Norihide AU - Jo N AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Alliance Laboratory for Advanced Medical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Yamaguchi, Erina AU - Yamaguchi E AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Kikuchi, Osamu AU - Kikuchi O AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Clinical Bio-Resource Center, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Fukahori, Masaru AU - Fukahori M AD - Department of Early Clinical Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Kyoto Innovation Center for Next Generation Clinical Trials and iPS Cell Therapy (Ki-CONNECT), Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Sawada, Takeshi AU - Sawada T AD - Department of Early Clinical Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Kyoto Innovation Center for Next Generation Clinical Trials and iPS Cell Therapy (Ki-CONNECT), Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Tsujimoto, Yoshitaka AU - Tsujimoto Y AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Sunami, Ayana AU - Sunami A AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Li, Mengqian AU - Li M AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Ito, Takeshi AU - Ito T AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Pretemer, Yann AU - Pretemer Y AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Gao, Yuxian AU - Gao Y AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Hidaka, Yu AU - Hidaka Y AD - Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Yamamoto, Masaki AU - Yamamoto M AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Kaku, Natsuko AU - Kaku N AD - Department of Virology and Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Nakagama, Yu AU - Nakagama Y AD - Department of Virology and Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Kido, Yasutoshi AU - Kido Y AD - Department of Virology and Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United States. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, United States. FAU - Nagao, Miki AU - Nagao M AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Morita, Satoshi AU - Morita S AD - Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Nakajima, Takako E AU - Nakajima TE AD - Department of Early Clinical Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Kyoto Innovation Center for Next Generation Clinical Trials and iPS Cell Therapy (Ki-CONNECT), Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Muto, Manabu AU - Muto M AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Clinical Bio-Resource Center, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Kyoto Innovation Center for Next Generation Clinical Trials and iPS Cell Therapy (Ki-CONNECT), Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Hamazaki, Yoko AU - Hamazaki Y AD - Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. AD - Kyoto University Immunomonitoring Center, Kyoto, Japan. LA - eng GR - 75N93021C00016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20241209 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Young Adult MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - mRNA Vaccines/immunology MH - Age Factors PMC - PMC11663736 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 article type: original research article OT - booster vaccination OT - cTfh OT - immune aging OT - immunological memory OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cells OT - memory T cells COIS- AlS is a consultant for Darwin Health, EmerVax, Gilead Sciences, Guggenheim Securities, RiverVest Venture Partners, and Arcturus. LJI has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/12/24 11:24 MHDA- 2024/12/24 11:25 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/12/24 04:51 PHST- 2024/06/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/24 11:25 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/24 11:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/24 04:51 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1455334 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Dec 9;15:1455334. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1455334. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39685583 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250104 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 23 DP - 2024 Nov 25 TI - Lights and Shadows of Long COVID: Are Latent Infections the Real Hidden Enemy? LID - 10.3390/jcm13237124 [doi] LID - 7124 AB - Long COVID-19 (LC) is a poorly understood, multifactorial condition that persists for at least three months following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the wide range of associated symptoms-including fatigue, brain fog, and respiratory issues-remain unclear. However, emerging evidence suggests that the reactivation of latent viral infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and varicella-zoster virus, may significantly contribute to the complexity of LC. These latent viruses can be reactivated by SARS-CoV-2, contributing to a chronic inflammatory state that prolongs symptomatology. This review confirms the potential involvement of latent viral infections in LC and examines whether these infections play an independent role or act synergistically with other factors. In addition, recent studies have highlighted viral persistence and immune dysregulation as key elements in LC. Our findings suggest that preventative strategies, including vaccination and antiviral treatments during the acute phase of COVID-19, show potential in reducing LC risk by preventing viral reactivation. However, tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting these latent infections are urgently needed. Identifying biomarkers of viral reactivation, particularly for high-risk populations, could be considered another effective strategy to mitigate LC severity. Further research is crucial to better understand the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and latent infections, and to improve the prevention and treatment of LC. FAU - Serapide, Francesca AU - Serapide F AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Universita "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Talarico, Marisa AU - Talarico M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2523-7963 AD - Unita Operativa di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Renato Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Rotundo, Salvatore AU - Rotundo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5441-1727 AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Universita "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Pascale, Vittorio AU - Pascale V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0465-4709 AD - Unita Operativa di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Renato Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Serraino, Riccardo AU - Serraino R AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Universita "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Trecarichi, Enrico Maria AU - Trecarichi EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9064-7745 AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Universita "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. AD - Unita Operativa Complessa di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Renato Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. FAU - Russo, Alessandro AU - Russo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3846-4620 AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Universita "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. AD - Unita Operativa Complessa di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Renato Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20241125 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC11641947 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - EBV OT - HIV OT - Long COVID OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - VZV OT - latent viral infections OT - post-acute sequalae COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/12/17 11:49 MHDA- 2024/12/17 11:50 PMCR- 2024/11/25 CRDT- 2024/12/17 01:20 PHST- 2024/10/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/17 11:50 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/17 11:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/17 01:20 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm13237124 [pii] AID - jcm-13-07124 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm13237124 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2024 Nov 25;13(23):7124. doi: 10.3390/jcm13237124. PMID- 39667270 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250427 LR - 20250518 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 111 DP - 2025 Jan TI - Subunit protein CD40.SARS.CoV2 vaccine induces SARS-CoV-2-specific stem cell-like memory CD8(+) T cells. PG - 105479 LID - S2352-3964(24)00515-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105479 [doi] LID - 105479 AB - BACKGROUND: Ideally, vaccination should induce protective long-lived humoral and cellular immunity. Current licensed COVID-19 mRNA vaccines focused on the spike (S) region induce neutralizing antibodies that rapidly wane. METHODS: Herein, we show that a subunit vaccine (CD40.CoV2) targeting spike and nucleocapsid antigens to CD40-expressing cells elicits broad specific human (hu)Th1 CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in humanized mice. FINDINGS: CD40.CoV2 vaccination selectively enriched long-lived spike- and nucleocapsid-specific CD8(+) progenitors with stem-cell-like memory (Tscm) properties, whereas mRNA BNT162b2 induced effector memory CD8(+) T cells. CD8(+) Tscm cells produced IFNgamma and TNF upon antigenic restimulation and showed a high proliferation rate. We demonstrate that CD40 activation is specifically required for the generation of huCD8(+) Tscm cells. INTERPRETATION: These results support the development of a CD40-vaccine platform capable of eliciting long-lasting T-cell immunity. FUNDING: This work was supported by Inserm, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, and the Investissements d'Avenir program, Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), managed by the ANR. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Nguema, Laury AU - Nguema L AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France. FAU - Picard, Florence AU - Picard F AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France. FAU - El Hajj, Marwa AU - El Hajj M AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France. FAU - Dupaty, Lea AU - Dupaty L AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France. FAU - Fenwick, Craig AU - Fenwick C AD - Service of Immunology and Allergy Lausanne University Hospital, Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Cardinaud, Sylvain AU - Cardinaud S AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France. FAU - Wiedemann, Aurelie AU - Wiedemann A AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France. FAU - Pantaleo, Giuseppe AU - Pantaleo G AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France; Service of Immunology and Allergy Lausanne University Hospital, Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Zurawski, Sandra AU - Zurawski S AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France; Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Centlivre, Mireille AU - Centlivre M AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France. FAU - Zurawski, Gerard AU - Zurawski G AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France; Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States. FAU - Levy, Yves AU - Levy Y AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France; Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, Creteil, France. Electronic address: yves.levy@inserm.fr. FAU - Godot, Veronique AU - Godot V AD - Vaccine Research Institute, Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Faculte de Medecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Creteil, France. Electronic address: veronique.godot@inserm.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241211 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (CD40 Antigens) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Subunit) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - *CD40 Antigens/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Vaccines, Subunit/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology PMC - PMC11697708 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Long-lasting T-cell immunity OT - Pre-clinical models OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests The authors SZ, GZ, MC, SC, and YL are named inventors on patent applications based on this work held by Inserm Transfert. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. Inserm Transfert provided a license for CD40-targeting vaccines to the biotech company LinKinVax. EDAT- 2024/12/13 00:23 MHDA- 2025/01/17 00:20 PMCR- 2024/12/11 CRDT- 2024/12/12 18:13 PHST- 2023/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/17 00:20 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/13 00:23 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/12 18:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(24)00515-2 [pii] AID - 105479 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105479 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2025 Jan;111:105479. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105479. Epub 2024 Dec 11. PMID- 39662823 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250427 LR - 20250518 IS - 1469-0691 (Electronic) IS - 1198-743X (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Apr TI - Booster vaccination and post-COVID-19 condition during the Omicron variant-dominant wave: a large population-based study. PG - 630-635 LID - S1198-743X(24)00588-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.12.002 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: The effect of the COVID-19 booster vaccination and the long-term consequences concerning preventing post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of COVID-19 booster vaccination dose and vaccination timing before infection with the risk of PCC during the Omicron variant-dominant wave. METHODS: This population-based study included patients confirmed with COVID-19 (extracted from the Health Center Real-time Information-sharing System) aged 20-69 years, who were infected between 1 July and 31 August 2022. We used a self-report questionnaire to evaluate PCC and extracted information on vaccination from the municipal vaccine registry system. We calculated multiple propensity scores for COVID-19 vaccination status (unvaccinated, 1-2 doses and >/=3 doses) to control for baseline population differences. We then used a logistic regression model with inverse probability weighting to analyse the associations between the number of vaccine doses and the risk of PCC. Additionally, we conducted stratified analysis by gender and subgroup analysis for respiratory and neurological symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the association between vaccination timing and PCC risk, adjusting for vaccination doses. RESULTS: Of the 7936 participants with COVID-19 (mean age 42.9 years, 4553 women), 940 (11.8%) had at least 1 PCC. Compared with people unvaccinated, those vaccinated >/=3 times before the infection had a lower probability of PCC with the OR of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.53-0.90), although we detected no association with one or two doses. This association was present in women (>/=3 doses vs. unvaccinated OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.51-0.95) but not in men. Those vaccinated >/=3 times had fewer neurological symptoms compared with those unvaccinated (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.45-0.83); however, no significant association was found for respiratory symptoms. DISCUSSION: This study suggests that booster vaccination could lower the risk of PCC. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Iba, Arisa AU - Iba A AD - Institute of Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: aiba@it.ncgm.go.jp. FAU - Hosozawa, Mariko AU - Hosozawa M AD - Institute of Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Hori, Miyuki AU - Hori M AD - Institute of Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Muto, Yoko AU - Muto Y AD - Institute of Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Kihara, Tomomi AU - Kihara T AD - Institute of Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Public Health Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. FAU - Muraki, Isao AU - Muraki I AD - Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Masuda, Rie AU - Masuda R AD - Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. FAU - Tamiya, Nanako AU - Tamiya N AD - Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Department of Health Services Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. FAU - Iso, Hiroyasu AU - Iso H AD - Institute of Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241209 PL - England TA - Clin Microbiol Infect JT - Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases JID - 9516420 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology/virology/complications MH - Adult MH - *Immunization, Secondary/statistics & numerical data MH - Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology MH - Young Adult MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - Booster vaccine OT - Japan OT - Population study OT - Post-COVID-19 condition OT - Vaccination effect EDAT- 2024/12/12 00:24 MHDA- 2025/03/18 00:26 CRDT- 2024/12/11 19:32 PHST- 2024/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/18 00:26 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/12 00:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/11 19:32 [entrez] AID - S1198-743X(24)00588-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.12.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Microbiol Infect. 2025 Apr;31(4):630-635. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.12.002. Epub 2024 Dec 9. PMID- 39662181 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250427 LR - 20250518 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 111 DP - 2025 Jan TI - Refinement of post-COVID condition core symptoms, subtypes, determinants, and health impacts: a cohort study integrating real-world data and patient-reported outcomes. PG - 105493 LID - S2352-3964(24)00529-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105493 [doi] LID - 105493 AB - BACKGROUND: Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) affects millions of people, and is an essential component of the long-term impact of COVID-19 during the post-pandemic era. Yet, consensus on clinical case definition and core components of PCC remains lacking, affecting our ability to inform research and evidence-based management. Our study aims 1) to identify the most specific symptoms for PCC, and identify clinical subtypes; 2) to evaluate both virus- and host-related determinants of PCC, and 3) assess the impact of PCC on physical and mental health. METHODS: We studied participants from UK Biobank who completed a health and wellbeing survey between June and September 2022. Participants reported the current conditions of the presence, duration, and functional limitations of 45 symptoms, using an online questionnaire designed specifically for COVID-19 research. SARS-CoV-2 infection status and disease history were obtained through linkage to surveillance data and electronic medical records, respectively. Participants reporting symptoms within 30 days after infection (acute phase) were excluded. The most specific PCC symptoms were defined using two criteria: statistical significance (P < 0.05 after Bonferroni correction) and clinical relevance (absolute risk increase > 5%). Propensity score weighting was used to control for confounding. Subtypes of PCC were then defined based on the specific symptoms among the COVID-19 infected individuals. A multivariable regression was used to study pathogen- and host-related risk factors for PCC, and its impact on 13 physical and 4 mental health patient-reported functional outcomes. FINDINGS: 172,303 participants (mean age 68.9, 57.4% female) were included in the analysis, of whom 43,395 had PCR-confirmed COVID-19. We identified 10 most specific symptoms and classified four PCC subtypes: ENT subtype (30.1%), characterized by alterations in smell, taste, and hearing loss; cardiopulmonary subtype (10.4%), characterized by shortness of breath, postural tachycardia, chest tightness, and chest pressure; neurological subtype (23.5%), characterized by brain fog and difficulty speaking; and general fatigue subtype (38.0%), characterized by mild fatigue. A higher PCC risk was observed for patients with Wild-type variant, multiple infections, and severe acute COVID-19 illness, consistently across the four PCC subtypes. In addition, a range of factors, including socioeconomic deprivation, higher BMI, unhealthy lifestyle, and multiple chronic health conditions, were associated with increased PCC risk, except for age and sex. Conversely, vaccination was associated with a largely reduced PCC risk, particularly for the cardiopulmonary subtypes. Individuals with PCC experienced a much worse physical and mental health. Specifically, the cardiopulmonary subtype had the most pronounced adverse impact on function impairments, followed by neurological, mild fatigue, and ENT subtype. The most affected functions included the ability to concentrate, participate in day-to-day work, and emotional vulnerability to health problems. INTERPRETATION: PCC can be categorized into four distinct subtypes based on ten core symptoms. These subtypes appeared to share a majority of pathogen and host-related risk factors, but their impact on health varied markedly by subtype. Our findings could help refine current guidelines for precise PCC diagnosis and progression, enhance the identification of PCC subgroups for targeted research, and inform evidence-based policy making to tackle this new and debilitating condition. FUNDING: NIHR Senior Research Fellowship (grant SRF-2018-11-ST2-004). CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Wang, Yunhe AU - Wang Y AD - Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Alcalde-Herraiz, Marta AU - Alcalde-Herraiz M AD - Centre for Statistics in Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Guell, Kim Lopez AU - Guell KL AD - Centre for Statistics in Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Chen, Li AU - Chen L AD - Centre for Statistics in Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, China. FAU - Mateu, Lourdes AU - Mateu L AD - Department of Infectious Diseases & irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain; Chair in Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Center for Health and Social Care Research (CEESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic- Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Spain; Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; REICOP (Red de Investigacion Covid Persistente), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Li, Chunxiao AU - Li C AD - Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Ali, Raghib AU - Ali R AD - Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Wareham, Nicholas AU - Wareham N AD - Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Paredes, Roger AU - Paredes R AD - Chair in Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Center for Health and Social Care Research (CEESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic- Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Spain; Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA. FAU - Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel AU - Prieto-Alhambra D AD - Centre for Statistics in Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: daniel.prietoalhambra@ndorms.ox.ac.uk. FAU - Xie, Junqing AU - Xie J AD - Centre for Statistics in Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241210 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications/virology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Patient Reported Outcome Measures MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification MH - Cohort Studies MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology MH - Mental Health MH - Adult MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC11697707 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Definition OT - Disease subtype OT - Long COVID COIS- Declaration of interests D.P.-A. reported grants from Amgen, UCB Biopharma, Les Laboratoires Servier, Novartis, and Chiesi-Taylor, as well as speaker fees and advisory board membership with AstraZeneca and Johnson and Johnson outside the submitted work, in addition to research support from Janssen. R.P. has participated in advisory boards for Gilead, MSD, ViiV Healthcare, Theratechnologies and Lilly. His institution has received research support from Gilead, MSD, and ViiV Healthcare. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/12/12 00:24 MHDA- 2025/01/17 00:20 PMCR- 2024/12/10 CRDT- 2024/12/11 18:35 PHST- 2024/07/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/17 00:20 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/12 00:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/11 18:35 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(24)00529-2 [pii] AID - 105493 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105493 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2025 Jan;111:105493. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105493. Epub 2024 Dec 10. PMID- 39659018 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241211 LR - 20250116 IS - 2050-4527 (Electronic) IS - 2050-4527 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec TI - Post-COVID immunity in patients with solid tumor or hematological malignancies treated with SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies. PG - e70039 LID - 10.1002/iid3.70039 [doi] LID - e70039 AB - PURPOSE: SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody (mAB) therapy has effectively treated severe COVID-19, although how this contributes to protective antiviral immunity in settings of malignancy is poorly defined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We evaluated the development of post-infection immunity in five patients with malignancies who received mAB therapy targeting spike protein for their PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2021, compared with non-mAB controls. Patients were identified from a larger study on oncology with a history or documented current infection with SARS-CoV-2. Subjects include two patients with lymphoma and CD20-depletion therapy, one with myeloma and two with solid tumor (stage IIA rectal adenocarcinoma and metastatic breast cancer). Cancer therapies and COVID vaccination history varied by patient. Blood samples (1-4 per patient) were collected 71-635 days post-mAB therapy. We employed clinical histories with comprehensive immunoprofiling analysis, including systems serology antibody isotyping and effector function, T-cell immunophenotyping for subset and memory cells, and sensitive blood viral RNA detection up to 2 years post-mAB therapy. RESULTS: B-cell deficiency was confirmed in 3/5 patients. All patients had detectable anti-spike and nucleoprotein antibody isotypes, effector functions, and neutralizing antibodies (which increased over time by subject) at similar levels to the control group. Virus-specific T-cell activation and phenotypes varied by time and patient. Spike-specific effector and memory CD8 + T-cells were significantly elevated in mAB subjects compared to the control group. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA detection was also higher in mAB-treated patients. One patient on bortezomib therapy had unique alterations in these populations. CONCLUSION: All mAB-treated patients with malignancies developed polyfunctional immunity humoral and T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 even in the setting of B-cell deficiency. The evolution of this immunity, including new variant-specific antibodies, without secondary illnesses suggests that patients were protected from symptomatic re-infection, and mAB therapy did not blunt the development of host immunity. Future studies are warranted to better characterize immunologic memory over time with exposures to new viral variants, evaluate prolonged viral shedding and the continued use of appropriate mAB for infection in high-risk patients. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). Immunity, Inflammation and Disease published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Sabino-Santos, Gilberto AU - Sabino-Santos G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5462-5386 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Leggio, Cathryn E AU - Leggio CE AD - University Medical Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Litwin, Sean M AU - Litwin SM AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Waheed, Najia AU - Waheed N AD - University Medical Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Bai, Shuangyi AU - Bai S AD - Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA. FAU - Ulusan, Sinem AU - Ulusan S AD - Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA. FAU - Karunathilake, Anoli AU - Karunathilake A AD - Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA. FAU - Elliott, Debra H AU - Elliott DH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Smira, Ashley R AU - Smira AR AD - Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Chandra, Sruti AU - Chandra S AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Li, Lin AU - Li L AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Ning, Bo AU - Ning B AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Hu, Tony AU - Hu T AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Schieffelin, John S AU - Schieffelin JS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Gunn, Bronwyn M AU - Gunn BM AD - Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA. FAU - Robinson, James E AU - Robinson JE AD - Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Fuloria, Jyotsna AU - Fuloria J AD - University Medical Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. FAU - Norton, Elizabeth B AU - Norton EB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8426-3515 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. LA - eng GR - R21 AI169582/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 CA260581/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - England TA - Immun Inflamm Dis JT - Immunity, inflammation and disease JID - 101635460 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Hematologic Neoplasms/immunology/drug therapy MH - Middle Aged MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use MH - Aged MH - Neoplasms/immunology/drug therapy MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - COVID-19 Drug Treatment MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/therapeutic use PMC - PMC11632117 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - hematological malignancies OT - memory immunity OT - monoclonal antibody therapy COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/12/11 06:24 MHDA- 2024/12/11 06:25 PMCR- 2024/12/10 CRDT- 2024/12/11 01:42 PHST- 2024/09/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/11 06:25 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/11 06:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/11 01:42 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IID370039 [pii] AID - 10.1002/iid3.70039 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immun Inflamm Dis. 2024 Dec;12(12):e70039. doi: 10.1002/iid3.70039. PMID- 39652555 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241209 LR - 20261006 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 12 DP - 2024 TI - Phase-dependent trends in the prevalence of myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) related to long COVID: A criteria-based retrospective study in Japan. PG - e0315385 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0315385 [doi] LID - e0315385 AB - BACKGROUND: The characteristics of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) related to COVID-19 have remained uncertain. To elucidate the clinical trend of ME/CFS induced by long COVID, we examined data for patients who visited our outpatient clinic established in a university hospital during the period from Feb 2021 to July 2023. METHODS: Long COVID patients were classified into two groups, an ME/CFS group and a non-ME/CFS group, based on three diagnostic criteria. RESULTS: The prevalence of ME/CFS in the long COVID patients was 8.4% (62 of 739 cases; female: 51.6%) and factors related to ME/CFS were severe illness, smoking and alcohol drinking habits, and fewer vaccinations. The frequency of ME/CFS decreased from 23.9% in the Preceding period to 13.7% in the Delta-dominant period and to 3.3% in the Omicron-dominant period. Fatigue and headache were commonly frequent complaints in the ME/CFS group, and the frequency of poor concentration in the ME/CFS group was higher in the Omicron period. Serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in female patients in the ME/CFS group infected in the Preceding period. In the ME/CFS group, the proportion of patients complaining of brain fog significantly increased from 22.2% in the Preceding period to 47.9% in the Delta period and to 81.3% in the Omicron period. The percentage of patients who had received vaccination was lower in the ME/CFS group than the non-ME/CFS group over the study period, whereas there were no differences in the vaccination rate between the groups in each period. CONCLUSION: The proportion of long COVID patients who developed ME/CFS strictly diagnosed by three criteria was lower among patients infected in the Omicron phase than among patients infected in the other phases, while the proportion of patients with brain fog inversely increased. Attention should be paid to the variant-dependent trends of ME/CFS triggered by long COVID (300 words). CI - Copyright: (c) 2024 Morita et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Morita, Satoru AU - Morita S AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Tokumasu, Kazuki AU - Tokumasu K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9513-6864 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Otsuka, Yuki AU - Otsuka Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Honda, Hiroyuki AU - Honda H AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Nakano, Yasuhiro AU - Nakano Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Sunada, Naruhiko AU - Sunada N AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Sakurada, Yasue AU - Sakurada Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Matsuda, Yui AU - Matsuda Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Soejima, Yoshiaki AU - Soejima Y AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Ueda, Keigo AU - Ueda K AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Otsuka, Fumio AU - Otsuka F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7014-9095 AD - Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241209 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/epidemiology MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Japan/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Prevalence MH - Adult MH - SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification MH - Aged MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC11627433 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2024/12/09 18:26 MHDA- 2024/12/09 18:27 PMCR- 2024/12/09 CRDT- 2024/12/09 13:34 PHST- 2024/04/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/09 18:27 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/09 18:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/09 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-24-13000 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0315385 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2024 Dec 9;19(12):e0315385. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315385. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39648831 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241209 LR - 20250130 IS - 2038-2502 (Electronic) IS - 0035-6484 (Linking) VI - 59 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Nov-Dec TI - Social Cognition and Covid-19: a rapid scoping review. PG - 279-289 LID - 10.1708/4386.43836 [doi] AB - The Covid-19 pandemic has enormously impacted health, the economy, and social organisations worldwide. Public health interventions such as vaccines, protective equipment and social distancing have brought profound changes in the general and clinical population's behaviour, with different levels of adherence to social and health standards. To understand these phenomena, it is essential to know how models and theories of social behaviour influence patterns of adherence to preventive measures in the context of the pandemic. Research on social cognition can explain behavioural variables and their impact on mental well-being, creating the basis for interventions that promote adherence to prevention rules. This PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) rapid review aims to identify and analyse current evidence on the pandemic's impact on social cognition components. First, we conducted a comprehensive literature review and discussed the findings narratively. Tables were constructed, and articles were sorted based on study characteristics. Finally, 14 eligible articles were identified. Our findings suggest that restrictions aimed at stemming infections and social isolation led to changes in patterns of social cognition in clinical and general populations. Among the clinical population, subjects with autism spectrum disorders and Parkinson's disease reported changes in social cognition. Among the general population, older adults and front-line workers also reported variations. Our results suggest that planning-oriented social cognition models could effectively promote adherence to preventive norms. These findings can help develop behavioural intervention models by identifying appropriate approaches for the general population and specific subgroups. FAU - Barlattani, Tommaso AU - Barlattani T AD - Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Mantenuto, Simonetta AU - Mantenuto S AD - Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - D'Amelio, Chiara AU - D'Amelio C AD - Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Di Berardo, Arianna AU - Di Berardo A AD - Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Capelli, Francesco AU - Capelli F AD - Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Leonardi, Valentina AU - Leonardi V AD - Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Socci, Valentina AU - Socci V AD - Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Rossi, Rodolfo AU - Rossi R AD - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy. FAU - Rossi, Alessandro AU - Rossi A AD - Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Pacitti, Francesca AU - Pacitti F AD - Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review PL - Italy TA - Riv Psichiatr JT - Rivista di psichiatria JID - 0425672 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/psychology/prevention & control MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - *Social Cognition MH - Social Isolation/psychology EDAT- 2024/12/09 06:17 MHDA- 2024/12/09 06:18 CRDT- 2024/12/09 04:14 PHST- 2024/12/09 06:18 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/09 06:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/09 04:14 [entrez] AID - 10.1708/4386.43836 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Riv Psichiatr. 2024 Nov-Dec;59(6):279-289. doi: 10.1708/4386.43836. PMID- 39638682 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250601 LR - 20250601 IS - 0929-6646 (Print) IS - 0929-6646 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 6 DP - 2025 Jun TI - Critical COVID-19 in children and adolescents during the 2022 Omicron Surge in Taiwan: Risk factors and vaccine effectiveness. PG - 529-535 LID - S0929-6646(24)00555-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.11.018 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND/AIM: Critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rare but devastating complication of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection in children and adolescents. This study aimed to assess the risk factors for, and evaluate the vaccine effectiveness against, critical COVID-19 during the 2022 Omicron Surge in Taiwan. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 41 pediatric patients with critical COVID-19 (which required mechanical ventilation, inotropic agents, extracorporeal membrane oxygenator, or resulting in in-hospital death) and 793 with non-critical COVID-19 who were hospitalized at National Taiwan University Children Hospital during the 2022 Omicron Surge. To estimate vaccine effectiveness, population controls generated using the Monte Carlo method from national vaccination statistics were matched to critical COVID-19 cases at a ratio of 10:1 by age group and disease onset date. RESULTS: Only one of 41 critical COVID-19 cases had no underlying diseases. Underlying cardiovascular diseases (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5-11.5), hematological diseases (aOR 4.9, 95% CI 2.3-10.6), neuropsychological disorders (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.8-7.9), or respiratory diseases (aOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3-6.4) were risk factors for critical COVID-19. The effectiveness of two-dose and one-dose vaccination against critical diseases were 93.5% (95% CI: 70.4%-98.6%) and 75.2% (95% CI 9.2%-93.2%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Underlying diseases are the major risk factors for critical COVID-19 among children and adolescents during the Omicron Surge. The two-dose COVID-19 vaccination is highly effective against critical diseases. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Formosan Medical Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Tsai, Jin-Yu AU - Tsai JY AD - National Taiwan University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Liu, Yun-Chung AU - Liu YC AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Wu, Jeng-Hung AU - Wu JH AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jinshan branch, New Taipei City, Taiwan. FAU - Huang, Song-Ming AU - Huang SM AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. FAU - Hu, Ya-Li AU - Hu YL AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Chang, Luan-Yin AU - Chang LY AD - National Taiwan University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Fang, Chi-Tai AU - Fang CT AD - National Taiwan University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: fangct@ntu.edu.tw. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241204 PL - Singapore TA - J Formos Med Assoc JT - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi JID - 9214933 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Taiwan/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Child MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - Child, Preschool MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Vaccine Efficacy MH - Infant OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Critical disease OT - Risk factors OT - Vaccine effectiveness COIS- Declarations of competing interest None. EDAT- 2024/12/06 05:31 MHDA- 2025/06/08 19:54 CRDT- 2024/12/05 21:54 PHST- 2024/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/08 19:54 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/06 05:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/05 21:54 [entrez] AID - S0929-6646(24)00555-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.11.018 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Formos Med Assoc. 2025 Jun;124(6):529-535. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.11.018. Epub 2024 Dec 4. PMID- 39624781 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241203 IS - 2049-9442 (Electronic) IS - 2049-9434 (Print) IS - 2049-9434 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jan TI - Long COVID‑19 and pregnancy: A systematic review. PG - 15 LID - 10.3892/br.2024.1893 [doi] LID - 15 AB - The impact of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, or Long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), on pregnant women remains a growing concern. The present systematic review synthesizes current evidence on the prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of Long COVID-19 in pregnant women to improve understanding of its burden and implications for maternal health. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar for studies published between January 2020 and October 2024. Eligible studies included pregnant or postpartum women diagnosed with COVID-19 and followed for at least four weeks post-infection. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using standardized tools, and the findings were narratively synthesized due to heterogeneity in study designs and outcome measures. A total of 13 studies encompassing 13,729 participants were included. The prevalence of Long COVID-19 varied widely, ranging from 9.3-93%. The most reported symptoms included fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, respiratory symptoms and psychological disturbances, with fatigue being the most prevalent. Severe acute COVID-19, obesity, pre-existing mental health conditions, and non-vaccination were identified as key risk factors for developing Long COVID-19. Several studies reported that women with Long COVID-19 were at a higher risk for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, such as preterm birth and increased need for neonatal intensive care. The severity of acute infection and the presence of comorbidities significantly influenced the risk and severity of Long COVID-19. Long COVID-19 is a prevalent condition among pregnant women, with significant variability in reported prevalence rates. It is associated with a range of symptoms that can impact maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. The findings highlight the need for targeted follow-up and management strategies in this population. Standardized definitions and longitudinal studies are essential to further elucidate the long-term impact of COVID-19 during pregnancy. CI - Copyright: (c) 2024 Georgakopoulou et al. FAU - Georgakopoulou, Vasiliki Epameinondas AU - Georgakopoulou VE AD - Department of Pathophysiology, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Taskou, Chrysoula AU - Taskou C AD - Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Caring Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece. FAU - Spandidos, Demetrios A AU - Spandidos DA AD - Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece. FAU - Sarantaki, Antigoni AU - Sarantaki A AD - Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Caring Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241119 PL - England TA - Biomed Rep JT - Biomedical reports JID - 101613227 PMC - PMC11609607 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - long COVID-19 OT - maternal health OT - post-acute sequelae OT - pregnancy COIS- DAS is the Editor-in-Chief for the journal, but had no personal involvement in the reviewing process, or any influence in terms of adjudicating on the final decision, for this article. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/12/03 06:24 MHDA- 2024/12/03 06:25 PMCR- 2024/11/19 CRDT- 2024/12/03 04:29 PHST- 2024/10/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/03 06:25 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/03 06:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/03 04:29 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BR-22-1-01893 [pii] AID - 10.3892/br.2024.1893 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomed Rep. 2024 Nov 19;22(1):15. doi: 10.3892/br.2024.1893. eCollection 2025 Jan. PMID- 39615487 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241212 LR - 20260818 IS - 1934-6069 (Electronic) IS - 1931-3128 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec 11 TI - Persistence of spike protein at the skull-meninges-brain axis may contribute to the neurological sequelae of COVID-19. PG - 2112-2130.e10 LID - S1931-3128(24)00438-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.007 [doi] AB - SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with long-lasting neurological symptoms, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using optical clearing and imaging, we observed the accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the skull-meninges-brain axis of human COVID-19 patients, persisting long after viral clearance. Further, biomarkers of neurodegeneration were elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid from long COVID patients, and proteomic analysis of human skull, meninges, and brain samples revealed dysregulated inflammatory pathways and neurodegeneration-associated changes. Similar distribution patterns of the spike protein were observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice. Injection of spike protein alone was sufficient to induce neuroinflammation, proteome changes in the skull-meninges-brain axis, anxiety-like behavior, and exacerbated outcomes in mouse models of stroke and traumatic brain injury. Vaccination reduced but did not eliminate spike protein accumulation after infection in mice. Our findings suggest persistent spike protein at the brain borders may contribute to lasting neurological sequelae of COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Rong, Zhouyi AU - Rong Z AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Medical Research School (MMRS), Munich, Germany. FAU - Mai, Hongcheng AU - Mai H AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Munich Medical Research School (MMRS), Munich, Germany. FAU - Ebert, Gregor AU - Ebert G AD - Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, Munich, Germany. FAU - Kapoor, Saketh AU - Kapoor S AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Puelles, Victor G AU - Puelles VG AD - III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Czogalla, Jan AU - Czogalla J AD - III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Hu, Senbin AU - Hu S AD - Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Su, Jinpeng AU - Su J AD - Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Prtvar, Danilo AU - Prtvar D AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Singh, Inderjeet AU - Singh I AD - Research Unit Adipocytes & Metabolism (ADM), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Schadler, Julia AU - Schadler J AD - Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Delbridge, Claire AU - Delbridge C AD - Institute of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Steinke, Hanno AU - Steinke H AD - Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Frenzel, Hannah AU - Frenzel H AD - Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Schmidt, Katja AU - Schmidt K AD - Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Braun, Christian AU - Braun C AD - Institute of Legal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Bruch, Gina AU - Bruch G AD - Institute of Legal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Ruf, Viktoria AU - Ruf V AD - Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. FAU - Ali, Mayar AU - Ali M AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Graduate School of Neuroscience (GSN), Munich, Germany. FAU - Suhs, Kurt-Wolfram AU - Suhs KW AD - Department of Neurology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Nemati, Mojtaba AU - Nemati M AD - Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Hopfner, Franziska AU - Hopfner F AD - Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Ulukaya, Selin AU - Ulukaya S AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Jeridi, Denise AU - Jeridi D AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Mistretta, Daniele AU - Mistretta D AD - Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Caliskan, Ozum Sehnaz AU - Caliskan OS AD - Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Wettengel, Jochen Martin AU - Wettengel JM AD - Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Cherif, Fatma AU - Cherif F AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Kolabas, Zeynep Ilgin AU - Kolabas ZI AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Neuroscience (GSN), Munich, Germany. FAU - Molbay, Muge AU - Molbay M AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Medical Research School (MMRS), Munich, Germany. FAU - Horvath, Izabela AU - Horvath I AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Center of Doctoral Studies in Informatics and its Applications (CEDOSIA), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Zhao, Shan AU - Zhao S AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Krahmer, Natalie AU - Krahmer N AD - Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Yildirim, Ali Onder AU - Yildirim AO AD - Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. FAU - Ussar, Siegfried AU - Ussar S AD - Research Unit Adipocytes & Metabolism (ADM), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Herms, Jochen AU - Herms J AD - Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. FAU - Huber, Tobias B AU - Huber TB AD - III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Tahirovic, Sabina AU - Tahirovic S AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Schwarzmaier, Susanne M AU - Schwarzmaier SM AD - Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Plesnila, Nikolaus AU - Plesnila N AD - Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Hoglinger, Gunter AU - Hoglinger G AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. FAU - Ondruschka, Benjamin AU - Ondruschka B AD - III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Bechmann, Ingo AU - Bechmann I AD - Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Protzer, Ulrike AU - Protzer U AD - Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, Munich, Germany. FAU - Elsner, Markus AU - Elsner M AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Bhatia, Harsharan Singh AU - Bhatia HS AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Hellal, Farida AU - Hellal F AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Erturk, Ali AU - Erturk A AD - Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Koc University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: ali.erturk@helmholtz-munich.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241129 PL - United States TA - Cell Host Microbe JT - Cell host & microbe JID - 101302316 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/metabolism/virology MH - Animals MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Mice MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Brain/virology/metabolism MH - *Disease Models, Animal MH - *Meninges/virology/metabolism MH - *Skull/virology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Proteomics MH - Stroke/metabolism/virology MH - Neuroinflammatory Diseases/metabolism/virology MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Brain Injuries, Traumatic/metabolism/virology OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - brain OT - long COVID OT - mRNA vaccine OT - meninges OT - neurodegeneration OT - neuroinflammation OT - skull OT - spike protein OT - tissue clearing COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/12/01 15:22 MHDA- 2024/12/13 00:22 CRDT- 2024/11/30 18:42 PHST- 2024/08/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/13 00:22 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/01 15:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/30 18:42 [entrez] AID - S1931-3128(24)00438-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Host Microbe. 2024 Dec 11;32(12):2112-2130.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.007. Epub 2024 Nov 29. PMID- 39612651 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241213 LR - 20260518 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 110 DP - 2024 Dec TI - Bivalent Omicron BA.1 vaccine booster increases memory B cell breadth and neutralising antibodies against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. PG - 105461 LID - S2352-3964(24)00497-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105461 [doi] LID - 105461 AB - BACKGROUND: Current literature informs us that bivalent vaccines will generate a broader serum neutralizing antibody response to multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, but studies on how this breadth relates to the memory B cell (MBC) and T cell responses are sparse. This study compared breadth of neutralising antibody, and memory B and T cell responses to monovalent or a bivalent ancestral/Omicron BA.1 COVID-19 booster vaccine. METHODS: At baseline and 1-month post-booster, neutralisation activity and frequencies of receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific MBCs and Spike-specific memory T cells were measured against a panel of variants. FINDINGS: Both vaccines boosted neutralising antibodies to 5 variants - Wuhan-Hu-1, Delta, BA.1, BA.5 and JN.1, the latter of which had not yet emerged at the time of sample collection. The bivalent vaccine induced a significantly larger increase in nAb against BA.1 and JN.1. Both vaccines boosted RBD-specific MBC responses to Wuhan-Hu-1, Delta, BA.1 and BA.5 variants with a significantly greater increase for BA.1 in the bivalent group. The breadth of MBCs was significantly higher in those who received the bivalent boost and correlated with nAb breadth. Both vaccines significantly boosted Spike-specific T cell responses to the Wuhan-Hu-1 and BA.5 variants, but only the bivalent vaccine boosted BA.1 responses. INTERPRETATION: These results suggest that the bivalent vaccine confers an advantage against future novel variants due to increased frequency of broadly reactive RBD-specific B cells. FUNDING: Work supported by NSW Health for the NSW Vaccine, Infection and Immunology Collaborative (VIIM). CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Shrestha, Lok Bahadur AU - Shrestha LB AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Tungatt, Katie AU - Tungatt K AD - Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Aggarwal, Anupriya AU - Aggarwal A AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Stubis, Aija AU - Stubis A AD - Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Fewings, Nicole L AU - Fewings NL AD - Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Fichter, Christina AU - Fichter C AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Akerman, Anouschka AU - Akerman A AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Rodrigo, Chaturaka AU - Rodrigo C AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Tedla, Nicodemus AU - Tedla N AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Lee, Sharon AU - Lee S AD - Research & Education Network, Western Sydney Local Health District, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Lloyd, Andrew R AU - Lloyd AR AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Brilot, Fabienne AU - Brilot F AD - Kids Neuroscience Centre, Kids Research at the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. FAU - Britton, Warwick J AU - Britton WJ AD - Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; RPAH Vaccination Centre, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Kelleher, Anthony AU - Kelleher A AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Caterson, Ian D AU - Caterson ID AD - RPAH Vaccination Centre, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Douglas, Mark W AU - Douglas MW AD - Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Rockett, Rebecca AU - Rockett R AD - Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. FAU - Tangye, Stuart G AU - Tangye SG AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Triccas, James A AU - Triccas JA AD - Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. FAU - Turville, Stuart G AU - Turville SG AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Sandgren, Kerrie J AU - Sandgren KJ AD - Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bull, Rowena A AU - Bull RA AD - The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Cunningham, Anthony L AU - Cunningham AL AD - Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: tony.cunningham@sydney.edu.au. CN - VIIM Collaborative Research Group of NSW LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241128 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Immunologic Memory MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC11647467 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bivalent vaccine OT - JN.1 OT - Memory B cells OT - Omicron BA.1 OT - Receptor binding domain COIS- Declaration of interests The VIIM Collaborative Group of NSW was funded by NSW Health. A.L.C has received NSW Health grant and performed consultancies for Moderna with honoraria directed to his institution. K.J.S. has received honoraria for talks from Moderna. A.K. has grants from NSW Health, NHMRC, MRFF, NIH, Viiv, Unitaid, DFAT, received consulting fee from Merck and Viiv, travel support from HIN STRIVE investigators meeting, performed leadership and advisory role in Board member Scientia Clinical Research Phase 1 Unit, HIV-NAT Advisory Board ASCOT Trial, Chair of DSMB Aegros Advisory Board and pending patent for siRNA for COVID-19. F.B. has received support from NHMRC, Novartis and MRFF. W.J.B. has received support from NSW Vaccine Accelerator, NHMRC, MRFF and NSW Dust Diseases board. I.D.C. has clinical trials support from Eli Lilly and Boehringer. M.W.D has grants from NHMRC and Gilead Australia, payment from Roche Diagnostics for webinar, GSK travel grant and participated as advisor in Gilead and GSK. R.A.B. and R.R. have NHMRC Investigator grants. S.G.Ta has grants from NHMRC, Job Research Foundation and Allegry and Immunology Foundation of Australasia. S.G.Tu has received grants from MRFF, and New South Wales Health COVID-19 Research Grants Round 2. FIR - Cunningham, Anthony L IR - Cunningham AL FIR - Sorrell, Tania IR - Sorrell T FIR - Kelleher, Anthony IR - Kelleher A FIR - Britton, Warwick IR - Britton W FIR - Maclean, Mark IR - Maclean M FIR - Lee, Sharon IR - Lee S FIR - Camilleri, Joanne IR - Camilleri J FIR - Douglas, Mark IR - Douglas M FIR - Bull, Rowena IR - Bull R FIR - Sandgren, Kerrie IR - Sandgren K FIR - Song, Yang IR - Song Y FIR - Mao, Lijun IR - Mao L FIR - Phu, Amy IR - Phu A FIR - Sigmund, Allison IR - Sigmund A FIR - Beard, Sophie IR - Beard S FIR - Caterson, Ian IR - Caterson I FIR - Hunt, Stephanie IR - Hunt S FIR - Vande More, Anne Marie IR - Vande More AM FIR - Kandasamy, Rama IR - Kandasamy R FIR - Caterson, Ian IR - Caterson I FIR - Kok, Jen IR - Kok J FIR - Byrne, Jennifer IR - Byrne J FIR - Lloyd, Andrew IR - Lloyd A FIR - Triccas, James IR - Triccas J FIR - Tangye, Stuart IR - Tangye S FIR - Turville, Stuart IR - Turville S FIR - Brilot, Fabienne IR - Brilot F FIR - O'Sullivan, Matthew IR - O'Sullivan M FIR - Steain, Megan IR - Steain M FIR - Baird, Sarah IR - Baird S FIR - Phetsouphanh, Chansavath IR - Phetsouphanh C FIR - Zhao, Yanran IR - Zhao Y EDAT- 2024/11/30 11:17 MHDA- 2024/12/14 00:24 PMCR- 2024/11/28 CRDT- 2024/11/29 18:07 PHST- 2024/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/14 00:24 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/30 11:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/29 18:07 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(24)00497-3 [pii] AID - 105461 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105461 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2024 Dec;110:105461. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105461. Epub 2024 Nov 28. PMID- 39604225 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250426 LR - 20260708 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Print) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jan TI - Distinct Requirements for CD4(+) T Cell Help for Immune Responses Induced by mRNA and Adenovirus-Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines. PG - e202451142 LID - 10.1002/eji.202451142 [doi] LID - e202451142 AB - CD4(+) T cells have been established as central orchestrators of cellular and humoral immune responses to infection or vaccination. However, the need for CD4(+) T cell help to generate primary CD8(+) T cell responses is variable depending on the infectious agent or vaccine and yet consistently required for the recall of CD8(+) T cell memory responses or antibody responses. Given the deployment of new vaccine platforms such as nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines, we sought to elucidate the requirement for CD4(+) T cell help in the induction of cellular and antibody responses to mRNA and adenovirus (Ad)-vectored vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Using antibody-mediated depletion of CD4(+) T cells in a mouse immunization model, we observed that CD4(+) T cell help was dispensable for both primary and secondary CD8(+) T cell responses to the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccines but required for the AZD1222 Ad-vectored vaccine. Nonetheless, CD4(+) T cell help was needed by both mRNA and Ad-vectored vaccine platforms for the generation of antibodies, demonstrating the centrality of CD4(+) T cells in vaccine-induced protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Ultimately, this highlights the shared and distinct regulation of humoral and cellular responses induced by these vaccine platforms. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). European Journal of Immunology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Yong, Lyn AU - Yong L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-0551-746X AD - Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Translational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine-Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Hutchings, Claire AU - Hutchings C AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Barnes, Eleanor AU - Barnes E AD - Translational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine-Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Klenerman, Paul AU - Klenerman P AD - Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Translational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine-Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Provine, Nicholas M AU - Provine NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9694-2216 AD - Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 222426/Z/21/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - U19 I082360/GF/NIH HHS/United States GR - 227217/Z/23/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241127 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - EPK39PL4R4 (2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Mice MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Adenoviridae/genetics MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Genetic Vectors MH - BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273/immunology MH - Humans MH - Female MH - RNA, Messenger/immunology MH - Immunity, Cellular PMC - PMC11739681 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4 T cell help OT - CD8 T cells OT - T cell memory OT - T cell priming OT - adenovirus vaccines OT - antibodies OT - mRNA vaccines OT - vaccination COIS- The authors note the following conflicts of interest: N.M.P. has received consulting fees from Infinitopes. P.K. has received consulting fees from UCB, Biomunex, AstraZeneca, and Infinitopes. E.B. consults for AstaZeneca, Roche, and Vaccitech and has patents in ChAdOx1 HBV and HCV vaccines. EDAT- 2024/11/28 06:35 MHDA- 2025/01/17 18:23 PMCR- 2025/01/17 CRDT- 2024/11/28 01:43 PHST- 2024/11/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/17 18:23 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/28 06:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/28 01:43 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EJI5886 [pii] AID - 10.1002/eji.202451142 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2025 Jan;55(1):e202451142. doi: 10.1002/eji.202451142. Epub 2024 Nov 27. PMID- 39601170 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250106 LR - 20250110 IS - 1875-5828 (Electronic) IS - 1567-2050 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 7 DP - 2024 TI - Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People with Dementia and their Caregivers: A Multiphase Observational Study from India. PG - 470-478 LID - 10.2174/0115672050346469241112115052 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has had multifaceted and enduring impacts on people with dementia and their caregivers; however, our understanding of the long-term outcomes remains limited. We aimed to explore the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive symptoms and vaccination rates in people living with dementia. METHODS: This study was conducted as a part of a longitudinal study design in two specialized hospitals in South India. In this study, patients with dementia and their caregivers assessed in earlier phases ('period of lockdown with phased relaxations - phase-I' and 'cluster of cases transmission phase - phase-II') were telephonically interviewed. We adopted a quantitative approach to understand disease progression during the three-year course of the pandemic. Changes in cognition and disease severity were measured using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. In brief, semistructured interviews were carried out with caregivers of people with dementia to gain insights into vaccination rates. Data obtained from the current study (phase III) were compared against phase I data, which served as the baseline. Among the 72 participants contacted in the current phase, 59 (81.9%) could be reevaluated for dementia severity and vaccination status, whereas 13 (18.0%) had died. Among the 59 participants, 33 (55.9%) had severe dementia (CDR 3). This is in contrast to phases I and II, when 17.6% and 19.2% of the participants, respectively, were classified as CDR 3. RESULTS: A significant difference in dementia severity between the two phases (phases I and III) was observed. In addition, we observed vaccination hesitancy among caregivers of patients with dementia. This study would provide valuable insights into the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cognitive outcomes and vaccination status of patients with dementia. CONCLUSION: This overall longitudinal study has compared dementia severity between different phases throughout the pandemic, with implications for future studies to tailor home-based support and healthcare interventions in order to meet these evolving needs. CI - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net. FAU - Arshad, Faheem AU - Arshad F AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, India. FAU - Hurzuk, Saadiya AU - Hurzuk S AD - Strengthening Responses to Dementia in Developing Countries (STRiDE), Psychology, India, Alzheimer's and Related Disorders Society of India, Hyderabad, India. FAU - Tiwari, Megha AU - Tiwari M AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, India. FAU - Varghese, Feba AU - Varghese F AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, India. FAU - Hoskeri, Rakshith Maneshwar AU - Hoskeri RM AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, India. FAU - Paplikar, Avanthi AU - Paplikar A AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, India. FAU - Goyal, Sheetal AU - Goyal S AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, India. FAU - Dhiren, Shah Rutul AU - Dhiren SR AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, India. FAU - Ganeshbhai, Patel Vishal AU - Ganeshbhai PV AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, India. FAU - Ansari, Mohammed Farhan AU - Ansari MF AD - Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore. FAU - Komaravolu, Shashidhar AU - Komaravolu S AD - Alzheimer's and Related Disorders Society of India Hyderabad Deccan Chapter, Psychiatry, Hyderabad, India. FAU - Kammammettu, Chandrashekar AU - Kammammettu C AD - Department of Neuropsychiatry and Geriatric Psychiatry, Asha Hospital, Psychiatry, Hyderabad, India. FAU - Thomas, Priya Treesa AU - Thomas PT AD - Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India. FAU - Rao, Girish Nagaraja AU - Rao GN AD - Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India. FAU - Alladi, Suvarna AU - Alladi S AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - United Arab Emirates TA - Curr Alzheimer Res JT - Current Alzheimer research JID - 101208441 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Caregivers/psychology MH - *COVID-19/psychology/epidemiology MH - *Dementia/psychology/epidemiology MH - Disease Progression MH - India/epidemiology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/psychology MH - *Pandemics OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Dementia OT - LMICs OT - cognition OT - pandemic. OT - vaccination EDAT- 2024/11/27 06:19 MHDA- 2025/01/07 00:21 CRDT- 2024/11/27 05:13 PHST- 2024/08/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/10/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/07 00:21 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/27 06:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/27 05:13 [entrez] AID - CAR-EPUB-144621 [pii] AID - 10.2174/0115672050346469241112115052 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Alzheimer Res. 2024;21(7):470-478. doi: 10.2174/0115672050346469241112115052. PMID- 39598316 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241130 IS - 2075-1729 (Print) IS - 2075-1729 (Electronic) IS - 2075-1729 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 11 DP - 2024 Nov 20 TI - Insights into the Risk Factors and Outcomes of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome-Results from a Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study in Romania. LID - 10.3390/life14111519 [doi] LID - 1519 AB - Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 (post-COVID-19) syndrome represents a cluster of persistent symptoms following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that can severely affect quality of life. The pathogenic mechanisms and epidemiology in different regions are still under evaluation. To assess the outcomes of post-COVID-19 syndrome, we performed a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study in previously infected individuals. Out of 549 respondents, (male:female ratio: 0.32), 29.5% had persistent symptoms at 3 months, 23.5% had persistent symptoms at 6 months, and 18.3% had persistent symptoms at 12 months after the initial infection. The most common symptoms included fatigue (8.7%), sleep disturbances (7.1%), and cognitive impairment (6.4%). The risk of developing post-COVID-19 syndrome increased for those with more symptoms in the acute phase (OR 4.24, p < 0.001) and those experiencing reinfections (OR 2.405, p < 0.001), while SARS-CoV-2 vaccination halved the risk (OR = 0.489, p = 0.004). Individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome had a 5.7-fold higher risk of being diagnosed with a new chronic condition, with 44% reporting cardiovascular disease, and a 6.8-fold higher likelihood of needing medical care or leave. Affected individuals reported significant impairments in mobility, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression, with 20.7% needing to adjust their work schedules. Overall, patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome require ongoing monitoring and rehabilitation, and further socio-economic impact studies are needed. FAU - Bejan, Ioana AU - Bejan I AD - Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Popescu, Corneliu Petru AU - Popescu CP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6316-0333 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Victor Babes Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Ruta, Simona Maria AU - Ruta SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2492-6073 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. AD - Stefan S Nicolau Institute of Virology, 030304 Bucharest, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241120 PL - Switzerland TA - Life (Basel) JT - Life (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101580444 PMC - PMC11596014 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 sequelae OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - long COVID OT - post-COVID-19 syndrome COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/11/27 06:19 MHDA- 2024/11/27 06:20 PMCR- 2024/11/20 CRDT- 2024/11/27 01:34 PHST- 2024/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/27 06:20 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/27 06:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/27 01:34 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - life14111519 [pii] AID - life-14-01519 [pii] AID - 10.3390/life14111519 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Life (Basel). 2024 Nov 20;14(11):1519. doi: 10.3390/life14111519. PMID- 39595924 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241130 IS - 2076-3425 (Print) IS - 2076-3425 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3425 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 11 DP - 2024 Nov 20 TI - Cross-Section of Neurological Manifestations Among SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants-Single-Center Study. LID - 10.3390/brainsci14111161 [doi] LID - 1161 AB - Background/Objectives: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is undergoing constant mutation. New strains vary in neuropathogenicity and the neurological spectrum of disease. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and clinical characteristics of neurological manifestations during the Omicron dominance among hospitalized patients, including the differences between three subsequent periods. Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 426 hospitalized adults with confirmed COVID-19 divided into three periods (O1, O2, and O3) dependent on the dominance of Omicron subvariants in Poland. Demographic and clinical data, in particular neurological manifestations, were collected and compared. Results: The median age of the group was 74, older in subsequent (later) periods. The number of patients with a history of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination increased with the duration of the pandemic. The severity of COVID-19 became lower in successive periods. Neurological manifestations were observed in 55.4% of patients, and the most frequent were delirium, headache, myalgia, dizziness, cerebrovascular diseases, and encephalopathy. In subsequent periods of Omicron dominance, a higher frequency of neurological manifestations such as delirium, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and encephalopathy was observed. Headache or myalgia was related to a shorter hospitalization while delirium, cerebrovascular diseases, and ischemic stroke were linked with an increased risk of death. Conclusions: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 presents a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations. Although there is an improvement in the survival rate of patients with COVID-19, the frequency of neurological manifestations increases. The occurrence of delirium, cerebrovascular diseases, and ischemic stroke results in higher mortality. FAU - Jachman-Kapulka, Justyna AU - Jachman-Kapulka J AD - 6th Department of Internal Medicine, J. Gromkowski Specialist Regional Hospital, 51-149 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Zinczuk, Aleksander AU - Zinczuk A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4725-123X AD - 1st Department of Infectious Diseases, J. Gromkowski Specialist Regional Hospital, 51-149 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Simon, Krzysztof AU - Simon K AD - 1st Department of Infectious Diseases, J. Gromkowski Specialist Regional Hospital, 51-149 Wroclaw, Poland. AD - Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Rorat, Marta AU - Rorat M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5318-4945 AD - Department of Social Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241120 PL - Switzerland TA - Brain Sci JT - Brain sciences JID - 101598646 PMC - PMC11591697 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - SARS-CoV-2 variants OT - elderly OT - neurologic manifestations COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/11/27 06:20 MHDA- 2024/11/27 06:21 PMCR- 2024/11/20 CRDT- 2024/11/27 01:20 PHST- 2024/11/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/27 06:21 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/27 06:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/27 01:20 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - brainsci14111161 [pii] AID - brainsci-14-01161 [pii] AID - 10.3390/brainsci14111161 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Sci. 2024 Nov 20;14(11):1161. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14111161. PMID- 39588905 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250306 LR - 20250616 IS - 1460-2377 (Electronic) IS - 0953-8178 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Mar 6 TI - The immune memory of innate immune systems. PG - 195-202 LID - 10.1093/intimm/dxae067 [doi] AB - Immune memory has long been considered a function specific to adaptive immune systems; however, adaptive immune memory alone has not fully explained the mechanism by which vaccines exert their protective effects against nontarget pathogens. Recently, trained immunity, in which human monocytes vaccinated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin become highly responsive to pathogens other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has been reported. However, a phenomenon called endotoxin tolerance is also known, in which monocyte responsiveness is attenuated after the first lipopolysaccharide stimulation. These phenomena represent an altered innate immune response after the initial exposure to the stimulus, indicating that memories are formed in the innate immune system. In this review, we discuss trained immunity and endotoxin tolerance, known as innate immune memory, and innate immune memory formation by mRNA vaccines, which have been newly used in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and are considered important vaccine modalities in the future. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Society for Immunology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Kato, Yasuhiro AU - Kato Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4050-2350 AD - Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Kumanogoh, Atsushi AU - Kumanogoh A AD - Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. AD - Center for Infectious Diseases Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan. AD - Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan. AD - Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan. AD - Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan. LA - eng GR - Cloud founding of peace winds Japan/ GR - Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan/ GR - JP18H05282/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ GR - Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development/ GR - 22gm1810003h0001/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology/ GR - Kansai Economic Federation/ GR - Mitsubishi Zaidan/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review PL - England TA - Int Immunol JT - International immunology JID - 8916182 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Innate MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Animals MH - Monocytes/immunology MH - Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - endotoxin tolerance OT - epigenetic reprogramming OT - trained immunity EDAT- 2024/11/26 12:31 MHDA- 2025/03/06 18:27 CRDT- 2024/11/26 07:22 PHST- 2024/07/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/06 18:27 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/26 12:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/26 07:22 [entrez] AID - 7908808 [pii] AID - 10.1093/intimm/dxae067 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Immunol. 2025 Mar 6;37(4):195-202. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxae067. PMID- 39552582 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241209 LR - 20260402 IS - 1461-7471 (Electronic) IS - 1363-4615 (Print) IS - 1363-4615 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 5 DP - 2024 Oct TI - The protective power of dissent? A longitudinal study on cognitive and socio-emotional determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among young people in Canada. PG - 734-748 LID - 10.1177/13634615241296293 [doi] AB - COVID-19 has elicited polarized reactions to public health measures, fueling anti-vaccination movements worldwide which indicate that vaccine hesitancy represents a common expression of dissent. We investigate changes in cognitive (i.e., trust in government, conspiracy beliefs, vaccine attitudes, and other COVID-19-related factors) and socio-emotional factors (i.e., psychological distress and social support) over time, and examine if these factors are associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. A sample of Canadian young adults (N = 2,695; 18 to 40 years old) responded to an online survey in May/June 2021 (after the first vaccination campaign) and then in November 2021 (after vaccine mandates were introduced). Based on survey answers, participants were categorized as "not hesitant", "hesitant", and "do not intend to get vaccinated" at each time point. Results from generalized estimating equation models indicate that vaccination hesitancy decreased over time. The importance attributed to specific COVID-19-related factors (e.g., research and science about COVID-19 vaccines, opinions of friends and family) decreased whereas psychological distress increased over time. Cognitive and socio-emotional factors were associated with vaccine hesitancy, with participants who did not intend to get vaccinated reporting the lowest psychological distress scores. We argue that dissent may be an empowering way for young people to restore a sense of personal agency via the opposition to a system perceived as illegitimate and/or unfair. These results raise important questions about potential collateral effects of top-down government and public health interventions in times of crisis. FAU - Miconi, Diana AU - Miconi D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7088-1646 AD - Department of Educational Psychology and Adult Education, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Levinsson, Anna AU - Levinsson A AD - Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal - CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. AD - Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Kafi, Mohammed Abdullah Heel AU - Kafi MAH AD - McGill International TB Centre, RI-MUHC, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Ngov, Cindy AU - Ngov C AD - Research and Action on Social Polarisations (RAPS), Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Santavicca, Tara AU - Santavicca T AD - Research and Action on Social Polarisations (RAPS), Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Rousseau, Cecile AU - Rousseau C AD - Division of Social and Cultural Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241118 PL - England TA - Transcult Psychiatry JT - Transcultural psychiatry JID - 9708119 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Canada MH - *Vaccination Hesitancy/psychology MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Trust MH - Social Support PMC - PMC11629591 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - conspiracy beliefs OT - dissent OT - psychological distress OT - vaccine hesitancy COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2024/11/18 06:22 MHDA- 2024/12/09 17:34 PMCR- 2024/12/10 CRDT- 2024/11/18 05:43 PHST- 2024/12/09 17:34 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/18 06:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/18 05:43 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_13634615241296293 [pii] AID - 10.1177/13634615241296293 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transcult Psychiatry. 2024 Oct;61(5):734-748. doi: 10.1177/13634615241296293. Epub 2024 Nov 18. PMID- 39543596 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241115 LR - 20260518 IS - 1741-7015 (Electronic) IS - 1741-7015 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Nov 14 TI - Symptom profile, case and symptom clustering, clinical and demographic characteristics of a multicentre cohort of 1297 patients evaluated for Long-COVID. PG - 532 LID - 10.1186/s12916-024-03746-9 [doi] LID - 532 AB - BACKGROUND: Long-COVID symptoms remain incompletely defined due to a large heterogeneity in the populations studied, case definitions, and settings of care. The aim of this study was to assess, in patients accessing care for Long-COVID, the profile of symptoms reported, the possible clustering of symptoms and cases, the functional status compared to pre-infection, and the impact on working activity. METHODS: Multicentre cohort study with a collection of both retrospective and prospective data. Demographics, comorbidities, severity and timing of acute COVID, subjective functional status, working activity and presence of 30 different symptoms were collected using a shortened version of the WHO Post COVID-19 Case Report Form. The impact on working activity was assessed in multivariable logistic regression models. Clustering of symptoms was analysed by hierarchical clustering and the clustering of cases by two-step automatic clustering. RESULTS: The study evaluated 1297 individuals (51.5% women) from 30 clinical centres. Men and women had different profiles in terms of comorbidities, vaccination status, severity and timing of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Fatigue (55.9%) and dyspnea (47.2%) were the most frequent symptoms. Women reported more symptoms (3.6 vs. 3.1, p < 0.001), with a significantly higher prevalence of memory loss, difficult concentration, cough, palpitation or tachycardia, dermatological abnormalities, brain fog, headache and visual disturbances. Dyspnea was more common in men. In the cluster analysis of the 19 more common symptoms, five aggregations were found: four two-symptom clusters (smell and taste reduction; anxiety and depressed mood; joint pain or swelling and muscle pain; difficult concentration and memory loss) and one six-symptom cluster (brain fog, equilibrium/gait disturbances, headache, paresthesia, thoracic pain, and palpitations/tachycardia). In a multivariable analysis, headache, dyspnea, difficult concentration, disturbances of equilibrium or gait, visual disturbances and muscular pain were associated with reduced or interrupted working activity. Clustering of cases defined two clusters, with distinct characteristics in terms of phase and severity of acute infection, age, sex, number of comorbidities and symptom profile. CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide further evidence that Long-COVID is a heterogeneous disease with manifestations that differ by sex, phase of the pandemic and severity of acute disease, and support the possibility that multiple pathways lead to different clinical manifestations. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Floridia, Marco AU - Floridia M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3971-0141 AD - National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, Rome, Italy. marco.floridia@iss.it. FAU - Giuliano, Marina AU - Giuliano M AD - National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Weimer, Liliana Elena AU - Weimer LE AD - National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Ciardi, Maria Rosa AU - Ciardi MR AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Agostoni, Piergiuseppe AU - Agostoni P AD - Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical Science and Community Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Palange, Paolo AU - Palange P AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Rovere Querini, Patrizia AU - Rovere Querini P AD - IRCCS Ospedale S. Raffaele, Milan, Italy. FAU - Zucco, Silvia AU - Zucco S AD - Infectious Disaese Unit, Ospedale Amedeo Di Savoia, Turin, Italy. FAU - Tosato, Matteo AU - Tosato M AD - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Lo Forte, Aldo AU - Lo Forte A AD - Department of Multidimensional Medicine, Internal Medicine Unit, San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Bonfanti, Paolo AU - Bonfanti P AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy. AD - University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy. FAU - Lacedonia, Donato AU - Lacedonia D AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FAU - Barisione, Emanuela AU - Barisione E AD - IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Figliozzi, Stefano AU - Figliozzi S AD - IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Andreozzi, Paola AU - Andreozzi P AD - Predictive Medicine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine-Metabolic Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy. FAU - Damiano, Cecilia AU - Damiano C AD - Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Ageing, Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pricci, Flavia AU - Pricci F AD - Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Ageing, Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Onder, Graziano AU - Onder G AD - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. AD - Office of the President, Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, Rome, Italy. CN - I. S. S. Long-COVID Study Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241114 PL - England TA - BMC Med JT - BMC medicine JID - 101190723 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Cluster Analysis MH - Cohort Studies MH - COVID-19/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - *Demography MH - Dyspnea/epidemiology/physiopathology MH - Fatigue/epidemiology MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/epidemiology/pathology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - *Symptom Assessment PMC - PMC11566432 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Dyspnea OT - Fatigue OT - Long-COVID OT - Post-COVID OT - Symptom clusters OT - Symptoms COIS- Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate The Italian National Ethics Committee approved the project (AOO-ISS-19/04/2022-0015066 Class: PRE BIO CE 01.00). Written informed consent was required for patient inclusion, using a patient information and consent form also approved by the Italian National Ethics Committee. Consent for publication Not applicable. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. FIR - Grisetti, Tiziana IR - Grisetti T FIR - Grassi, Tiziana IR - Grassi T FIR - Tiple, Dorina IR - Tiple D FIR - Villa, Marika IR - Villa M FIR - Polizzi, Cosimo IR - Polizzi C FIR - Galati, Fabio IR - Galati F FIR - Pasculli, Patrizia IR - Pasculli P FIR - Colazzo, Francesca IR - Colazzo F FIR - Mattavelli, Irene IR - Mattavelli I FIR - Salvioni, Elisabetta IR - Salvioni E FIR - Pellegrino, Daniela IR - Pellegrino D FIR - Bezzio, Marco IR - Bezzio M FIR - Olmati, Federica IR - Olmati F FIR - Sanna, Arianna IR - Sanna A FIR - Schifano, Arianna IR - Schifano A FIR - Angelone, Dario IR - Angelone D FIR - Fabozzi, Antonio IR - Fabozzi A FIR - Santoro, Simona IR - Santoro S FIR - Fumagalli, Anna IR - Fumagalli A FIR - Merolla, Aurora IR - Merolla A FIR - Canti, Valentina IR - Canti V FIR - Ruggiero, Maria Pia IR - Ruggiero MP FIR - Messina, Marco IR - Messina M FIR - Biganzoli, Marina IR - Biganzoli M FIR - Buonsenso, Danilo IR - Buonsenso D FIR - Ianniello, Alice IR - Ianniello A FIR - Galluzzo, Vincenzo IR - Galluzzo V FIR - Macculi, Laura IR - Macculi L FIR - Bottaro, Valeria Maria IR - Bottaro VM FIR - Bonaffini, Luca IR - Bonaffini L FIR - Spolti, Anna IR - Spolti A FIR - Squillace, Nicola IR - Squillace N FIR - Campanino, Terence IR - Campanino T FIR - Aloe, Teresita IR - Aloe T FIR - Tagliabue, Elena IR - Tagliabue E FIR - Testerini, Federica IR - Testerini F FIR - Miglionico, Marzia IR - Miglionico M FIR - Barbitta, Antonia IR - Barbitta A FIR - Cenciarelli, Chiara IR - Cenciarelli C FIR - Pagnanelli, Gianluca IR - Pagnanelli G FIR - Piccinni, Giuseppe IR - Piccinni G FIR - Gnerre, Paola IR - Gnerre P FIR - Parodi, Lionello IR - Parodi L FIR - Monaco, Eugenia IR - Monaco E FIR - Buscaglia, Sandra IR - Buscaglia S FIR - Visconti, Antonella IR - Visconti A FIR - Loso, Kwelusukila IR - Loso K FIR - Martino, Giuseppe Pio IR - Martino GP FIR - Bitti, Giuseppina IR - Bitti G FIR - Postacchini, Laura IR - Postacchini L FIR - Cognigni, Antonella IR - Cognigni A FIR - di Rosolini, Maria Antonietta IR - di Rosolini MA FIR - Mavilla, Sergio IR - Mavilla S FIR - Toraldo, Domenico Maurizio IR - Toraldo DM FIR - Vagheggini, Guido IR - Vagheggini G FIR - Bardi, Giulio IR - Bardi G FIR - Levantino, Giuseppa IR - Levantino G FIR - Stefan, Cristina IR - Stefan C FIR - Parati, Gianfranco IR - Parati G FIR - Perger, Elisa IR - Perger E FIR - Gianfranceschi, Enrico IR - Gianfranceschi E FIR - Pozzoli, Francesca IR - Pozzoli F FIR - De Leo, Pasqualina IR - De Leo P FIR - Grignolo, Sara IR - Grignolo S FIR - Monari, Caterina IR - Monari C FIR - Bianchi, Leila IR - Bianchi L FIR - Galli, Luisa IR - Galli L FIR - Surace, Lorenzo IR - Surace L FIR - Falbo, Elisabetta IR - Falbo E FIR - Boni, Silvia IR - Boni S FIR - Battello, Claudia IR - Battello C FIR - Baghiris, Caterina IR - Baghiris C FIR - Serviddio, Gaetano IR - Serviddio G EDAT- 2024/11/15 06:25 MHDA- 2024/11/16 09:58 PMCR- 2024/11/14 CRDT- 2024/11/15 00:10 PHST- 2024/09/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/16 09:58 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/15 06:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/15 00:10 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12916-024-03746-9 [pii] AID - 3746 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12916-024-03746-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Med. 2024 Nov 14;22(1):532. doi: 10.1186/s12916-024-03746-9. PMID- 39530340 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241112 LR - 20260530 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 11 DP - 2024 Nov TI - Memory B Cells Provide Long-Term Protection to Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants. PG - e70037 LID - 10.1002/jmv.70037 [doi] AB - Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are highly vulnerable to COVID-19. An intensified scheme of vaccination offers short-term protection to the 50%-75% of KTRs able to develop a germinal center reaction, required for the generation of neutralizing titers of antibodies (NAbs). However, the duration of this vaccinal protection is unknown. In-depth longitudinal analysis of the immune response to vaccination of 33 KTRs demonstrates that the low peak of IgGs, the progressive decline in antibody titers, and the emergence of a variant of concerns (VOC) of SARS-CoV2, synergize to let 2/3 of responders to vaccine without NAbs after only a few months. Yet, a retrospective study of an independent cohort of 274 KTRs, revealed that the risk of severe COVID-19 in the latter was low, similar to that of patients with serum neutralizing capacity against VOC. Our work links this late vaccine protection with the presence of memory B cells, which are generated during the initial vaccine-induced germinal center reaction, have a wide repertoire directed against conserved spike epitopes, and rapidly differentiate into IgG-producing plasma cells upon antigenic rechallenge. We conclude that in contrast with a serological layer that goes fading rapidly, the cellular layer of humoral memory provides an efficient long-term protection against VOC to KTRs. This illustration of the complementary roles of the two layers of the humoral memory has implications in immunopathology beyond the COVID-19 in KTRs. CI - (c) 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Espi, Maxime AU - Espi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1000-4737 AD - CIRI, INSERM U1111, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Charmetant, Xavier AU - Charmetant X AD - CIRI, INSERM U1111, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Department of Transplantation, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Lyon, France. AD - Claude Bernard University, Villeurbanne, France. FAU - Benotmane, Ilies AU - Benotmane I AD - Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France. AD - Inserm UMR S1109, LabEx Transplantex, Federation de Medecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Universite de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. FAU - Lefsihane, Katia AU - Lefsihane K AD - CIRI, INSERM U1111, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Barateau, Veronique AU - Barateau V AD - CIRI, INSERM U1111, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Gallais, Floriane AU - Gallais F AD - Department of Virology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France. FAU - Boulenouar, Hafsa AU - Boulenouar H AD - Inserm UMR S1109, LabEx Transplantex, Federation de Medecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Universite de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. FAU - Ovize, Anne AU - Ovize A AD - Eurofins Biomnis Laboratory, Lyon, France. FAU - Barbry, Alexia AU - Barbry A AD - Eurofins Biomnis Laboratory, Lyon, France. FAU - Bouz, Christine AU - Bouz C AD - Eurofins Biomnis Laboratory, Lyon, France. FAU - Morelon, Emmanuel AU - Morelon E AD - CIRI, INSERM U1111, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Department of Transplantation, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Lyon, France. AD - Claude Bernard University, Villeurbanne, France. FAU - Defrance, Thierry AU - Defrance T AD - CIRI, INSERM U1111, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Fafi-Kremer, Samira AU - Fafi-Kremer S AD - Inserm UMR S1109, LabEx Transplantex, Federation de Medecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Universite de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. AD - Department of Virology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France. FAU - Caillard, Sophie AU - Caillard S AD - Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France. AD - Inserm UMR S1109, LabEx Transplantex, Federation de Medecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Universite de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. FAU - Thaunat, Olivier AU - Thaunat O AD - CIRI, INSERM U1111, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Department of Transplantation, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Lyon, France. AD - Claude Bernard University, Villeurbanne, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Transplant Recipients MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Aged MH - Adult MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Longitudinal Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - coronavirus OT - disease control OT - immune responses OT - vaccines/vaccine strains OT - virus classification EDAT- 2024/11/13 13:51 MHDA- 2024/11/13 13:52 CRDT- 2024/11/12 06:23 PHST- 2024/09/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/13 13:52 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/13 13:51 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/12 06:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jmv.70037 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2024 Nov;96(11):e70037. doi: 10.1002/jmv.70037. PMID- 39510068 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241211 LR - 20260923 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec 10 TI - Maintenance and functional regulation of immune memory to COVID-19 vaccines in tissues. PG - 2895-2913.e8 LID - S1074-7613(24)00483-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.10.003 [doi] AB - Memory T and B cells in tissues are essential for protective immunity. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the tissue distribution, phenotype, durability, and transcriptional profile of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-induced immune memory across blood, lymphoid organs, and lungs obtained from 63 vaccinated organ donors aged 23-86, some of whom experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection. Spike (S)-reactive memory T cells were detected in lymphoid organs and lungs and variably expressed tissue-resident markers based on infection history, and S-reactive B cells comprised class-switched memory cells resident in lymphoid organs. Compared with blood, S-reactive tissue memory T cells persisted for longer times post-vaccination and were more prevalent with age. S-reactive T cells displayed site-specific subset compositions and functions: regulatory cell profiles were enriched in tissues, while effector and cytolytic profiles were more abundant in circulation. Our findings reveal functional compartmentalization of vaccine-induced T cell memory where surveilling effectors and in situ regulatory responses confer protection with minimal tissue damage. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Davis-Porada, Julia AU - Davis-Porada J AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - George, Alex B AU - George AB AD - Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Lam, Nora AU - Lam N AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Caron, Daniel P AU - Caron DP AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Gray, Joshua I AU - Gray JI AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Huang, Jenny AU - Huang J AD - Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Hwu, Jennifer AU - Hwu J AD - Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Wells, Steven B AU - Wells SB AD - Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Matsumoto, Rei AU - Matsumoto R AD - Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Kubota, Masaru AU - Kubota M AD - Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Lee, YoonSeung AU - Lee Y AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Morrison-Colvin, Rory AU - Morrison-Colvin R AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Jensen, Isaac J AU - Jensen IJ AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Ural, Basak B AU - Ural BB AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Shaabani, Namir AU - Shaabani N AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. FAU - Szabo, Peter A AU - Szabo PA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Teijaro, John R AU - Teijaro JR AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Sims, Peter A AU - Sims PA AD - Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: pas2182@cumc.columbia.edu. FAU - Farber, Donna L AU - Farber DL AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: df2396@cumc.columbia.edu. LA - eng GR - U19 AI128949/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI106711/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI106697/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI057266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - F30 AI174785/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI167372/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00065/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA013696/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 GM145440/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - S10 OD030282/OD/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20241106 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Middle Aged MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Adult MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Lung/immunology/virology MH - Young Adult MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Lymphoid Tissue/immunology MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC11634668 MID - NIHMS2029874 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - human immunology OT - immunologic memory OT - lung immunity OT - lymphoid organs OT - mRNA vaccines OT - memory B cells OT - regulatory T cells OT - tissue-resident memory T cells COIS- Declaration of interests A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Qiagen, Fortress, Gilead, Sanofi, Merck, RiverVest, MedaCorp, Turnstone, NA Vaccine Institute, Emervax, Gerson Lehrman Group, and Guggenheim. La Jolla Institute. has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. Columbia University has filed patent applications related to vaccine tissue assays. EDAT- 2024/11/13 13:56 MHDA- 2024/12/12 05:26 PMCR- 2025/12/10 CRDT- 2024/11/07 18:42 PHST- 2024/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/10/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/12 05:26 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/13 13:56 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/07 18:42 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(24)00483-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.10.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2024 Dec 10;57(12):2895-2913.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.10.003. Epub 2024 Nov 6. PMID- 39498382 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241106 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 42 DP - 2024 Dec TI - Clinical features and predictive nomogram for fatigue sequelae in non-severe patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Shanghai, China. PG - 100889 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100889 [doi] LID - 100889 AB - BACKGROUND: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-2019) infections may still experience long-term effects, with fatigue being one of the most frequent ones. Clinical research on the long COVID in the Chinese population after infection is comparatively lacking. OBJECTIVE: To collect and analyze the long-term effects of non-severe COVID-19 infection patients and to develop a model for the prediction of fatigue symptoms. METHODS: 223 non-severe COVID-19 patients admitted to one designated hospital were enrolled after finish all the self-designed clinical information registration form and nine-month follow-up. We explored the frequency and symptom types of long COVID. Correlation analysis was done on the neuropsychological scale results. After cluster analysis, lasoo regression and logistic regressions, a nomogram prediction model was produced as a result of investigating the risk factors for fatigue. RESULTS: A total of 108 (48.4%) of the 223 non-severe COVID-19 patients reported sequelae for more than 4 weeks, and of these, 35 (15.7%) had fatigue sequelae that were scale-confirmed. Other sequelae of more than 10% were brain fog (n = 37,16.6%), cough (n = 26,11.7%) and insomnia (n = 23,10.3%). A correlation between depression and fatigue was discovered following the completion of neuropsychological scale. The duration of hospitalization, the non-use of antiviral medications in treatment, IL-6 and CD16+CD56(+) cell levels in blood are the main independent risk factors and predictors of fatigue sequelae in long COVID. Additionally, the neurology diseases and vaccination status may also influence the fatigue sequelae. CONCLUSION: Nearly half of the patients infected with COVID-19 Omicron variant complained of sequelae, and fatigue was the most common symptom, which was correlated with depression. Significant predictors of fatigue sequelae included length of hospitalization, non-use of antiviral drug, and immune-related serum markers of IL-6 and CD16+CD56(+) NK cell levels. The presence of neurology diseases and a lack of vaccination could also predict the occurrence of fatigue sequelae. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Shen, Xiao-Lei AU - Shen XL AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. FAU - Jiang, Yu-Han AU - Jiang YH AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. FAU - Li, Shen-Jie AU - Li SJ AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. FAU - Xie, Xin-Yi AU - Xie XY AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. FAU - Cheng, Yu AU - Cheng Y AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. FAU - Wu, Li AU - Wu L AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. FAU - Shen, Jun AU - Shen J AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. FAU - Chen, Wei AU - Chen W AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. FAU - Liu, Jian-Ren AU - Liu JR AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241018 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC11532739 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Fatigue OT - Long COVID syndrome OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/11/05 10:54 MHDA- 2024/11/05 10:55 PMCR- 2024/10/18 CRDT- 2024/11/05 04:39 PHST- 2024/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/05 10:55 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/05 10:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/05 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2024/10/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(24)00167-4 [pii] AID - 100889 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100889 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2024 Oct 18;42:100889. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100889. eCollection 2024 Dec. PMID- 39489918 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241205 LR - 20260904 IS - 1525-0024 (Electronic) IS - 1525-0016 (Print) IS - 1525-0016 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec 4 TI - Enhanced mucosal SARS-CoV-2 immunity after heterologous intramuscular mRNA prime/intranasal protein boost vaccination with a combination adjuvant. PG - 4448-4466 LID - S1525-0016(24)00676-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.10.016 [doi] AB - Current COVID-19 mRNA vaccines delivered intramuscularly (IM) induce effective systemic immunity, but with suboptimal immunity at mucosal sites, limiting their ability to impart sterilizing immunity. There is strong interest in rerouting immune responses induced in the periphery by parenteral vaccination to the portal entry site of respiratory viruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), by mucosal vaccination. We previously demonstrated the combination adjuvant, NE/IVT, consisting of a nanoemulsion (NE) and an RNA-based RIG-I agonist (IVT) induces potent systemic and mucosal immune responses in protein-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines administered intranasally (IN). Herein, we demonstrate priming IM with mRNA followed by heterologous IN boosting with NE/IVT adjuvanted recombinant antigen induces strong mucosal and systemic antibody responses and enhances antigen-specific T cell responses in mucosa-draining lymph nodes compared to IM/IM and IN/IN prime/boost regimens. While all regimens induced cross-neutralizing antibodies against divergent variants and sterilizing immunity in the lungs of challenged mice, mucosal vaccination, either as homologous prime/boost or heterologous IN boost after IM mRNA prime, was required to impart sterilizing immunity in the upper respiratory tract. Our data demonstrate the benefit of hybrid regimens whereby strong immune responses primed via IM vaccination are rerouted by IN vaccination to mucosal sites to provide optimal protection against SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Laghlali, Gabriel AU - Laghlali G AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Wiest, Matthew J AU - Wiest MJ AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Karadag, Dilara AU - Karadag D AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Warang, Prajakta AU - Warang P AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - O'Konek, Jessica J AU - O'Konek JJ AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Chang, Lauren A AU - Chang LA AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Park, Seok-Chan AU - Park SC AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Yan, Vivian AU - Yan V AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Farazuddin, Mohammad AU - Farazuddin M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Janczak, Katarzyna W AU - Janczak KW AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo AU - Garcia-Sastre A AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Baker, James R Jr AU - Baker JR Jr AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Wong, Pamela T AU - Wong PT AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: ptw@umich.edu. FAU - Schotsaert, Michael AU - Schotsaert M AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: michael.schotsaert@mssm.edu. LA - eng GR - R21 AI176069/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK130425/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI135972/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - G20 AI174733/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI160706/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20241028 PL - United States TA - Mol Ther JT - Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy JID - 100890581 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (Adjuvants, Vaccine) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2024 Mar 29:2024.03.28.587260. doi: 10.1101/2024.03.28.587260. PMID: 38586014 MH - Animals MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *Administration, Intranasal MH - *Immunity, Mucosal MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Injections, Intramuscular MH - Female MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage MH - mRNA Vaccines/immunology MH - Vaccination/methods MH - Adjuvants, Vaccine/administration & dosage MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/genetics PMC - PMC11638833 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-Cov-2 OT - intranasal vaccination OT - mRNA vaccines OT - mucosal adjuvants OT - mucosal immunization OT - prime/pull OT - tissue-resident memory T cells COIS- Declaration of interests P.T.W., M.S., J.R.B., and A.G.-S. are co-inventors on a patent for NE/IVT. The A.G.-S laboratory has received research support from GSK, Pfizer, Senhwa Biosciences, Kenall Manufacturing, Blade Therapeutics, Avimex, Johnson & Johnson, Dynavax, 7Hills Pharma, Pharmamar, ImmunityBio, Accurius, Nanocomposix, Hexamer, N-fold LLC, Model Medicines, Atea Pharma, Applied Biological Laboratories and Merck, outside of the reported work. A.G.-S. has consulting agreements with the following companies involving cash and/or stock: Castlevax, Amovir, Vivaldi Biosciences, Contrafect, 7Hills Pharma, Avimex, Pagoda, Accurius, Esperovax, Farmak, Applied Biological Laboratories, Pharmamar, CureLab Oncology, CureLab Veterinary, Synairgen, Paratus, Pfizer and Prosetta, outside of the reported work. A.G.-S. has been an invited speaker in meeting events organized by Seqirus, Janssen, Abbott, and Astrazeneca. A.G.-S. is inventor on patents and patent applications on the use of antivirals and vaccines for the treatment and prevention of virus infections and cancer, owned by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York. The M.S. laboratory received unrelated research support as sponsored research agreements from ArgenX BV, Phio Pharmaceuticals, 7Hills Pharma LLC and Moderna. EDAT- 2024/11/04 00:31 MHDA- 2024/12/06 05:31 PMCR- 2024/10/28 CRDT- 2024/11/03 23:28 PHST- 2024/03/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/10/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/06 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/04 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/03 23:28 [entrez] PHST- 2024/10/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1525-0016(24)00676-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.10.016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Ther. 2024 Dec 4;32(12):4448-4466. doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.10.016. Epub 2024 Oct 28. PMID- 39478943 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250104 IS - 1735-4668 (Print) IS - 2008-0700 (Electronic) IS - 1735-4668 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Fall TI - COVID-19-Associated Neurological Complications in Children. PG - 47-60 LID - 10.22037/ijcn.v18.43364 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Neurological manifestations of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus-2 have been well documented in adults during and after infection with the virus as well as after vaccination. The incidence of severe neurological symptoms among children is very low. This study aimed to analyze the varied neurological manifestations after COVID-19 infection among children and give a report on a single-center experience with these severe neurological symptoms. MATERIALS & METHODS: Case records of patients less than 18 years admitted between July 2021 to December 2022 with neurological manifestations and COVID-19 infection or with elevated COVID-19 antibodies after exclusion of other etiological diagnosis were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 10 cases in the age range of 1-15 years. All the cases had elevated COVID-19 antibodies with history of contact 2-3 weeks prior except one who was positive for COVID-19 infection. Two cases presented with acute ascending paralysis suggestive of Guillain-Barre syndrome. Four cases presented with features of encephalopathy with clinical presentation fulfilling the criteria of Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. One case presented with fever and focal seizures with MRI showing sagittal sinus thrombosis, and one presented with fever and altered sensorium with MRI showing leukoencephalopathy. One child had cerebral mucormycosis without any evidence of immunosuppression. There was one child with features of encephalopathy with active COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSION: The varied presentation highlights the central and peripheral nervous system involvement by the virus in the pediatric population. It also emphasizes the need to investigate for COVID-19 in children presenting with these complaints during the pandemic. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. FAU - Sangeetha, Shenoy AU - Sangeetha S AD - Department of Peadiatrics, Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India. FAU - Divya, Nagabushana AU - Divya N AD - Department of Peadiatrics, Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India. FAU - Kumar, Sunil AU - Kumar S AD - Department of Peadiatrics, Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India. FAU - Ar, Somashekar AU - Ar S AD - Department of Peadiatrics, Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India. FAU - Chandrika, Rao AU - Chandrika R AD - Department of Peadiatrics, Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240929 PL - Iran TA - Iran J Child Neurol JT - Iranian journal of child neurology JID - 101463836 PMC - PMC11520275 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cerebral venous thrombosis OT - Encephalopathy OT - Guillain Barre syndrome Leukoencephalopathy OT - MIS-C COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/10/31 10:18 MHDA- 2024/10/31 10:19 PMCR- 2025/01/01 CRDT- 2024/10/31 04:48 PHST- 2023/09/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/31 10:19 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/31 10:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/31 04:48 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.22037/ijcn.v18.43364 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Iran J Child Neurol. 2024 Fall;18(4):47-60. doi: 10.22037/ijcn.v18.43364. Epub 2024 Sep 29. PMID- 39474707 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241127 LR - 20250418 IS - 1557-8976 (Electronic) IS - 0882-8245 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 9 DP - 2024 Nov TI - Memory T Cells Subpopulations in a Cohort of COVID-19 Vaccinated or Recovered Subjects. PG - 440-445 LID - 10.1089/vim.2024.0065 [doi] AB - Following viral infection, antigen-restricted T lymphocytes are activated and recognize infected cells to eliminate them. A subset of T cells differentiates into memory lymphocytes able to counteract viral rechallenge in a faster and enhanced way. SARS-CoV-2 can escape immune responses leading to a poor clinical outcome. Immune escape can be associated with the failure of the development of T cell memory compartments. The aim of this study is to characterize the T memory subsets and to test the immune response against class I- and II-restricted immunodominant epitopes shared by ancestral and SARS-CoV-2 variants strains. T memory subsets and recognition of SARS-CoV-2S Spike-specific epitopes were analyzed by flow cytometry on 14 fully vaccinated healthy donors (HDV) and 18 COVID-19 recovered patients (CD). The results obtained showed that CD8+ T naive subset numbers decreased in association with a significant increase of the effector memory T cell subset whereas there was a small increase in the percentage of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-restricted T clones in both CD4(+) and CD8+ subset in the CD compared to HDV sample. Collectively, these features may reflect a broader cytotoxic T cell repertoire stimulated by the virus during the natural infection compared to the spike-restricted response activated during vaccination. FAU - Iuliano, Marco AU - Iuliano M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3862-9731 AD - Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Mongiovi, Roberta Maria AU - Mongiovi RM AD - Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. FAU - Parente, Alberico AU - Parente A AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, S. Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Grimaldi, Lorenzo AU - Grimaldi L AD - Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Kertusha, Blerta AU - Kertusha B AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, S. Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Carraro, Anna AU - Carraro A AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, S. Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Marocco, Raffaella AU - Marocco R AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, S. Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Mancarella, Giulia AU - Mancarella G AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, S. Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Del Borgo, Cosmo AU - Del Borgo C AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, S. Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Dorrucci, Maria AU - Dorrucci M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Lichtner, Miriam AU - Lichtner M AD - Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialty, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Mangino, Giorgio AU - Mangino G AD - Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. FAU - Romeo, Giovanna AU - Romeo G AD - Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241030 PL - United States TA - Viral Immunol JT - Viral immunology JID - 8801552 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Immunodominant Epitopes) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Immunodominant Epitopes/immunology MH - Cohort Studies MH - Vaccination MH - Aged OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory T cells OT - vaccine EDAT- 2024/10/30 06:22 MHDA- 2024/11/27 12:36 CRDT- 2024/10/30 05:13 PHST- 2024/11/27 12:36 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/30 06:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/30 05:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1089/vim.2024.0065 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Viral Immunol. 2024 Nov;37(9):440-445. doi: 10.1089/vim.2024.0065. Epub 2024 Oct 30. PMID- 39460293 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241028 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 10 DP - 2024 Sep 30 TI - T-Cell Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination. LID - 10.3390/vaccines12101126 [doi] LID - 1126 AB - The innate and adaptive immune systems collaborate to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection, minimize the viral spread, and kill infected cells, ultimately leading to the resolution of the infection. The adaptive immune system develops a memory of previous encounters with the virus, providing enhanced responses when rechallenged by the same pathogen. Such immunological memory is the basis of vaccine function. Here, we review the current knowledge on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination, focusing on the pivotal role of T cells in establishing protective immunity against the virus. After providing an overview of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, we describe the main features of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, including cross-reactive T cells, generated in patients with different degrees of COVID-19 severity, and of Spike-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells induced by vaccines. Finally, we discuss T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants and hybrid immunity and conclude by highlighting possible strategies to improve the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination. FAU - Notarbartolo, Samuele AU - Notarbartolo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5910-4910 AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy. LA - eng GR - GR-2021-12374097/Ministero della Salute/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240930 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC11511197 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - antigen-specific T cells OT - cross-reactive T cells OT - human T cells OT - hybrid immunity OT - immunological memory OT - resident memory T cells OT - vaccine improvement COIS- The author declares no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/10/26 19:21 MHDA- 2024/10/26 19:22 PMCR- 2024/09/30 CRDT- 2024/10/26 01:25 PHST- 2024/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/26 19:22 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/26 19:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/26 01:25 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines12101126 [pii] AID - vaccines-12-01126 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines12101126 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Sep 30;12(10):1126. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12101126. PMID- 39460256 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241028 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 10 DP - 2024 Sep 24 TI - Navigating the Landscape of B Cell Mediated Immunity and Antibody Monitoring in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy: Tools, Strategies and Clinical Trial Insights. LID - 10.3390/vaccines12101089 [doi] LID - 1089 AB - Correlates of Protection (CoP) are biomarkers above a defined threshold that can replace clinical outcomes as primary endpoints, predicting vaccine effectiveness to support the approval of new vaccines or follow up studies. In the context of COVID-19 vaccination, CoPs can help address challenges such as demonstrating vaccine effectiveness in special populations, against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants or determining the durability of vaccine-elicited immunity. While anti-spike IgG titres and viral neutralising capacity have been characterised as CoPs for COVID-19 vaccination, the contribution of other components of the humoral immune response to immediate and long-term protective immunity is less well characterised. This review examines the evidence supporting the use of CoPs in COVID-19 clinical vaccine trials, and how they can be used to define a protective threshold of immunity. It also highlights alternative humoral immune biomarkers, including Fc effector function, mucosal immunity, and the generation of long-lived plasma and memory B cells and discuss how these can be applied to clinical studies and the tools available to study them. FAU - O'Reilly, Sophie AU - O'Reilly S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5546-7984 AD - Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research (CEPHR), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. AD - Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. FAU - Byrne, Joanne AU - Byrne J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0184-0947 AD - Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research (CEPHR), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. FAU - Feeney, Eoin R AU - Feeney ER AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4118-4945 AD - Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research (CEPHR), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland. FAU - Mallon, Patrick W G AU - Mallon PWG AD - Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research (CEPHR), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland. FAU - Gautier, Virginie AU - Gautier V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1862-2644 AD - Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research (CEPHR), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. AD - Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. LA - eng GR - 20/COV/0305/SFI_/Science Foundation Ireland/Ireland GR - GOIPG/2019/4432/Irish Research Council/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240924 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC11511438 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Fc effector functions OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody secreting cells (ASC) OT - biomarkers OT - clinical vaccine trials OT - correlates of protections OT - humoral immunity OT - immunoglobulins OT - memory B cells OT - neutralising antibodies COIS- E.R.F. has received consulting fees from Gilead, ViiV and Vidacare Ireland, and has been awarded a grant from Science Foundation Ireland. P.W.G.M. has received honoraria and/or travel grants from Gilead Sciences, MSD, Astrazeneca, and ViiV Healthcare, and has been awarded grants by Science Foundation Ireland outside the submitted work. The remaining authors declare that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2024/10/26 19:27 MHDA- 2024/10/26 19:28 PMCR- 2024/09/24 CRDT- 2024/10/26 01:25 PHST- 2024/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/26 19:28 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/26 19:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/26 01:25 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines12101089 [pii] AID - vaccines-12-01089 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines12101089 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Sep 24;12(10):1089. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12101089. PMID- 39439787 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241023 LR - 20261020 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Role of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells promoting immune protection after booster vaccination in solid organ transplantation. PG - 1463769 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1463769 [doi] LID - 1463769 AB - INTRODUCTION: Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients display weak seroconversion and neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination and remain at risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While B-cell memory is the hallmark of serological immunity, its role in driving successful vaccine responses and providing immune protection in SOT patients remains unclear. METHODS: We investigated the function and interplay of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells (mBc), different cytokineproducing T cells, and cross-reactive NAb in driving seroconversion and protection against COVID-19 in two cohorts. First, we studied a large cohort of 148 SOT recipients and 32 immunocompetent individuals who underwent several vaccinations. Subsequently, we assessed 25 SOT patients participating in a randomized controlled trial to compare two different immunosuppressive strategies for allowing successful seroconversion and memory-cell responses after booster vaccination. RESULTS: We corroborate previous findings that B- and T-cell memory responses are weaker and more delayed in SOT patients than in immunocompetent (IC) individuals; however, within the SOT cohort, we found that these responses are relatively stronger and more robust in patients not receiving mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)-based therapies. Anti- spike IgG titers strongly correlated with RBD-specific IgG-producing mBc, with both displaying broad viral cross reactivity. Prebooster SARS-CoV-2-specific mBc and IL-2- producing T cells accurately predicted Nab seroconversion (AUC, 0.828) and protection against severe COVID-19. While switching unresponsive SOT patients from calcineurin inhibitors (CNI)/MMF to a low-exposure CNI/mTOR-i regimen favored wider SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses after a fourth booster vaccination, preformed RBD-specific mBc predicted NAb seroconversion. DISCUSSION: Our study adds new insights into the pathobiology of immune memory and highlights the pivotal role of SARS-CoV-2-specific mBc in promoting immune protection inSOT patients. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Donadeu, Gomez-Olles, Casanova, Torija, Lopez-Meseguer, Boada-Perez, Kervella, Crespo, Carrera-Munoz, Campos-Varela, Castells, Cortese, Esperalba, Fernandez-Naval, Quintero, Munoz, Aguero, Gonzalez-Costello, Llado, Fava, Canas, del Mar de la Hoz-Caballero, Meneghini, Torres, Juve, Hafkamp, Vila, Robles, Buzon, Toapanta, Zuniga, Monforte, Saez-Gimenez, Len, Arcos, Miret, Ariceta, Pardo, Martinez, Moreso and Bestard. FAU - Donadeu, Laura AU - Donadeu L AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Gomez-Olles, Susana AU - Gomez-Olles S AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Laboratory of Pneumology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Casanova, Franc AU - Casanova F AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Torija, Alba AU - Torija A AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Meseguer, Manuel AU - Lopez-Meseguer M AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Laboratory of Pneumology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain. AD - Lung Transplant Unit, Pneumology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Boada-Perez, Meritxell AU - Boada-Perez M AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Laboratory of Pneumology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Kervella, Delphine AU - Kervella D AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Crespo, Elena AU - Crespo E AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Carrera-Munoz, Claudia AU - Carrera-Munoz C AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Campos-Varela, Isabel AU - Campos-Varela I AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Liver Unit, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Castells, Lluis AU - Castells L AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Liver Unit, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Cortese, Maria F AU - Cortese MF AD - Microbiology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Esperalba, Juliana AU - Esperalba J AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Microbiology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Naval, Candela AU - Fernandez-Naval C AD - Microbiology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Quintero, Jesus AU - Quintero J AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Pediatric Hepatology and Liver Transplant Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Munoz, Marina AU - Munoz M AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Aguero, Fernando AU - Aguero F AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Costello, Jose AU - Gonzalez-Costello J AD - Advanced Heart Failure and Heart Transplant Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, BIOHEART-Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, Ciber Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Llado, Laura AU - Llado L AD - Liver Transplant Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Fava, Alexandre AU - Fava A AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Canas, Laura AU - Canas L AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology department, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Spain. FAU - Del Mar de la Hoz-Caballero, Maria AU - Del Mar de la Hoz-Caballero M AD - Equipo de Atencion Primaria Sant Rafael, Servei d'Atencio Primaria (SAP) Muntanya, Gerencia Territorial de Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Meneghini, Maria AU - Meneghini M AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Torres, Irina B AU - Torres IB AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Juve, Mariona AU - Juve M AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Hafkamp, Fmj AU - Hafkamp F AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Vila, Marta AU - Vila M AD - Microbiology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Robles, Alba G AU - Robles AG AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Buzon, Maria Jose AU - Buzon MJ AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Toapanta, Nestor AU - Toapanta N AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Zuniga, Jose Miguel AU - Zuniga JM AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Monforte, Victor AU - Monforte V AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Laboratory of Pneumology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Lung Transplant Unit, Pneumology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Saez-Gimenez, Berta AU - Saez-Gimenez B AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Laboratory of Pneumology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Lung Transplant Unit, Pneumology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Len, Oscar AU - Len O AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Arcos, Ibai Los AU - Arcos IL AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Miret, Enric AU - Miret E AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Urology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Ariceta, Gema AU - Ariceta G AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Pardo, Emma AU - Pardo E AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Martinez, Xavier AU - Martinez X AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Moreso, Francesc AU - Moreso F AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Bestard, Oriol AU - Bestard O AD - Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplantation, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Vall d'Hebron for Solid Organ Transplantation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Kidney Transplant Unit, Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng SI - EudraCT/2022-000617-13 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241008 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Female MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - *Organ Transplantation/adverse effects MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - Aged MH - Adult MH - Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Seroconversion MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC11493670 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive immunity OT - booster vaccination OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - solid organ transplantation COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2024/10/23 10:55 MHDA- 2024/10/23 10:56 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/10/23 04:19 PHST- 2024/07/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/23 10:56 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/23 10:55 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/23 04:19 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1463769 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Oct 8;15:1463769. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1463769. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39434881 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241022 LR - 20261022 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Dynamic changes of neutralizing antibody and memory T cell responses six months post Omicron XBB reinfection. PG - 1477721 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1477721 [doi] LID - 1477721 AB - INTRODUCTION: With the continued prevalence of COVID-19, repeated infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become common. However, studies on immune persistence post Omicron XBB reinfection are limited. METHODS: We prospectively studied the durability and cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and T cell responses among 20 subjects who suffered Omicron BA.5 infection with or without Omicron XBB reinfection over 6-month through the pseudovirus neutralization test and the fluorospot assay. RESULTS: NAbs against EG.5.1, BA.2.86, and JN.1 subvariants were decreased and undetectable at 6-month post Omicron BA.5 infection, while those elicited by Omicron XBB reinfection were significant increased and remained detectable against all detected variants within 6-month. Furthermore, in subjects with Omicron XBB reinfection, memory T cell responses could cross-recognized wild-type and Omicron spike peptides and reached peak at 3-month. Interestingly, comparable robust T cell responses were observed among non-seroconverted subjects post Omicron XBB exposure. CONCLUSION: Though the NAbs against various emerging Omicron subvariants elicited by Omicron XBB reinfection can persist for at least 6-month, the HCWs should strengthen personal protection and timely be immunized with updated vaccines upon current circulating variants or conserved T epitope. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Zhao, Li, Zhang, Chen, Zhao, Wu, Wang, Xu, Lv, Jiang, Wang and Fang. FAU - Zhao, Xin-Jing AU - Zhao XJ AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Li, Xin-Lou AU - Li XL AD - Department of Medical Research, Key Laboratory of Environmental Sense Organ Stress and Health of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Sheng AU - Zhang S AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Jin-Jin AU - Chen JJ AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhao, Wei-Chao AU - Zhao WC AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Na-Na AU - Wu NN AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Rui-Juan AU - Wang RJ AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Xu, Qiang AU - Xu Q AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Lv, Chen-Long AU - Lv CL AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Jiang, Bao-Gui AU - Jiang BG AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Guo-Lin AU - Wang GL AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Fang, Li-Qun AU - Fang LQ AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. LA - eng GR - L222119/Beijing Natural Science Foundation/ GR - 82103901/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - SKLPBS2205/State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241007 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *Reinfection/immunology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Cross Reactions/immunology MH - Prospective Studies MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC11491401 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Omicron XBB reinfection OT - cross-recognition OT - immune persistence OT - memory T cell responses OT - neutralizing antibody COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/10/22 06:27 MHDA- 2024/10/22 06:28 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/10/22 04:17 PHST- 2024/08/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/22 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/22 06:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/22 04:17 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1477721 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Oct 7;15:1477721. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1477721. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39434214 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241022 LR - 20241203 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Dec 31 TI - Humoral and cellular immune response to AZD1222 /Covishield and BV152/Covaxin COVID-19 vaccines among adults in India. PG - 2410579 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2024.2410579 [doi] LID - 2410579 AB - Several COVID-19 vaccines were developed using different approaches to prevent both symptomatic COVID-19 cases and fatalities. The adults were vaccinated with two doses of AZD1222/Covishield (n = 77) [manufactured by Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd] vaccine and BV152/Covaxin (n = 99) [manufactured by Bharat Biotech] vaccine. They were assessed for immune response at pre-vaccination, 1 month post first and 6 months post second dose for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody, surrogate neutralizing antibody (NAbs), immune phenotypes, antigen specific NK, B and T cell response, their effector functionality by ELISPOT and plasma cytokine profile. Both vaccines elicited enhanced IgG antibody and Nab levels compared to the baseline. BV152/Covaxin, the whole virus inactivated vaccine exhibited higher IgG (70% vs 100%), Nab (90% vs 100%), and robust T cell (31% vs 96%) responses at 6 months post second dose compared to 1 month post first dose justifying the utility of the second dose. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 WV and S1 specific CD4+ central T cell memory response in AZD1222/Covishield vaccinee at 6 months post second dose and higher CD4+ and CD8+ naive and central memory T cell response in BV152/Covaxin vaccinee at 1 month post first dose indicated the involvement of memory T cells. Persistent IgG and NAb responses along with IgG+B and IgG+memory B cells in AZD1222/Covishield recipients at 6 months post second dose indicated sustained immune memory response. Continued heightened IFN-gamma secreting T cell response (ELISPOT) displayed by both the vaccine platforms could serve as a co correlate of protection, further to evaluation in follow up studies. Overall, our data suggest that coordinated functions of humoral and cellular branches of adaptive immunity may pave ways toward protective immunity against COVID-19. FAU - Tripathy, Anuradha S AU - Tripathy AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8919-3819 AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. FAU - Singh, Dharmendra AU - Singh D AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. FAU - Trimbake, Diptee AU - Trimbake D AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. FAU - Salwe, Sukeshani AU - Salwe S AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. FAU - Tripathy, Srikanth AU - Tripathy S AD - Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Pune, India. FAU - Kakrani, Arjun AU - Kakrani A AD - Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Pune, India. FAU - Jali, Priyanka AU - Jali P AD - Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Pune, India. FAU - Chavan, Hanmant AU - Chavan H AD - Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Pune, India. FAU - Yadav, Pragya AU - Yadav P AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. FAU - Sahay, Rima AU - Sahay R AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. FAU - Sarje, Prakash AU - Sarje P AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. FAU - Babar, Prasad AU - Babar P AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. FAU - Shete, Anita AU - Shete A AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. FAU - Nandapurkar, Ashok AU - Nandapurkar A AD - Aundh Chest Hospital, Pune, India. FAU - Kulkarni, Milind AU - Kulkarni M AD - Aundh Chest Hospital, Pune, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241021 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) RN - 76JZE5DSN6 (BBV152 COVID-19 vaccine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - India MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood MH - *Immunity, Cellular MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - *Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Cytokines MH - Young Adult MH - Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology/administration & dosage MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC11497953 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AZD1222/Covishield OT - BV152/Covaxin OT - SARS CoV-2 specific IgG and "Neutralizing antibodies" OT - longitudinal follow-up at 6 months post second dose OT - "B-lymphocytes memory" OT - "T cell response" OT - "T-lymphocytes memory" COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2024/10/22 06:27 MHDA- 2024/10/22 06:28 PMCR- 2024/10/21 CRDT- 2024/10/22 00:03 PHST- 2024/10/22 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/22 06:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/22 00:03 [entrez] PHST- 2024/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2410579 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2024.2410579 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2410579. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2410579. Epub 2024 Oct 21. PMID- 39405115 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241206 LR - 20260627 IS - 2379-3708 (Electronic) IS - 2379-3708 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 23 DP - 2024 Dec 6 TI - Tissue-resident memory T cells contribute to protection against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 challenge. LID - 10.1172/jci.insight.184074 [doi] LID - e184074 AB - New vaccine formulations are based on circulating strains of virus, which have tended to evolve to more readily transmit human to human and to evade the neutralizing antibody response. An assumption of this approach is that ancestral strains of virus will not recur. Recurrence of these strains could be a problem for individuals not previously exposed to ancestral spike protein. Here, we addressed this by infecting mice with recent SARS-CoV-2 variants and then challenging them with a highly pathogenic mouse-adapted virus closely related to the ancestral Wuhan-1 strain (SARS2-N501YMA30). We found that challenged mice were protected from severe disease, despite having low or no neutralizing antibodies against SARS2-N501YMA30. T cell depletion from previously infected mice did not diminish infection against clinical disease, although it resulted in delayed virus clearance in the nasal turbinate and, in some cases, in the lungs. Levels of tissue-resident memory T cells were significantly elevated in the nasal turbinate of previously infected mice compared with that of naive mice. However, this phenotype was not seen in lung tissues. Together, these results indicate that the immune response to newly circulating variants afforded protection against reinfection with the ancestral virus that was in part T cell based. FAU - Odle, Abby AU - Odle A AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. FAU - Kar, Meenakshi AU - Kar M AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. FAU - Verma, Abhishek K AU - Verma AK AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. FAU - Sariol, Alan AU - Sariol A AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Meyerholz, David K AU - Meyerholz DK AD - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. FAU - Suthar, Mehul S AU - Suthar MS AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. FAU - Wong, Lok-Yin Roy AU - Wong LR AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and. AD - Center for Virus-Host-Innate Immunity, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA. FAU - Perlman, Stanley AU - Perlman S AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. LA - eng GR - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00017/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI129269/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R00 AI170996/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00014/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20241206 PL - United States TA - JCI Insight JT - JCI insight JID - 101676073 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - Mice MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Lung/immunology/virology MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL PMC - PMC11623939 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive immunity OT - COVID-19 OT - T cells OT - Virology COIS- Conflict of interest: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists. EDAT- 2024/10/15 22:18 MHDA- 2024/12/06 12:22 PMCR- 2024/12/06 CRDT- 2024/10/15 12:03 PHST- 2024/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/06 12:22 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/15 22:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/15 12:03 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 184074 [pii] AID - 10.1172/jci.insight.184074 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JCI Insight. 2024 Dec 6;9(23):e184074. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.184074. PMID- 39403561 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241016 IS - 2590-1362 (Electronic) IS - 2590-1362 (Linking) VI - 20 DP - 2024 Oct TI - Three doses of Sars-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in older adults result in similar antibody responses but reduced cellular cytokine responses relative to younger adults. PG - 100564 LID - 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100564 [doi] LID - 100564 AB - OBJECTIVES: Booster COVID-19 vaccinations are used to protect the elderly, a group vulnerable to severe disease. We compared humoral and cellular immunity in older versus younger adults up to eight months after administering a BNT16b2 booster vaccine dose. Next, we analyzed the plasma levels of soluble T cell activation/exhaustion markers. METHODS: Home-dwelling older adults (n = 68, median age 86) and younger healthcare workers (n = 35, median age 39), previously vaccinated with two doses of BNT162b2, were given a booster dose at ten months after the initial dose. Our analysis consisted of spike-specific IgG, neutralizing antibodies, memory B cells, IFN-gamma and IL-2 secreting T cells and soluble T cell exhaustion/activation markers. RESULTS: Following the initial two doses, the elderly cohort exhibited lower humoral and IFN-gamma responses compared to younger adults. The booster dose increased the humoral responses in both older and younger adults. At two months after the booster dose, older and younger vaccinees had comparable levels of antibodies and the responses were maintained up to 18 months. The younger cohort elicited an increase in the cellular response, while no increase was detected in the elderly. The elderly had higher plasma levels of soluble forms of the T cell activation/exhaustion markers CD25 and TIM-3, which inversely correlated with age and T-cell cytokine responses. This suggests that these markers may be related to the observed dysfunctional cellular cytokine response in older adults. However, both elderly and younger adults who experienced breakthrough infections after booster vaccination, elicited more robust humoral and IFN-gamma responses. CONCLUSIONS: The booster dose elicited neutralizing and spike-specific antibody responses in the elderly that were comparable with that of the younger cohort. However, the lack of a strong cellular cytokine response to the third dose in the elderly may explain their vulnerability to severe infection and may be a consequence of exhausted or senescent T cell responses. (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04706390). CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. FAU - Bredholt, Geir AU - Bredholt G AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Saevik, Marianne AU - Saevik M AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Soyland, Hanne AU - Soyland H AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Ueland, Thor AU - Ueland T AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. AD - Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Zhou, Fan AU - Zhou F AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Pathirana, Rishi AU - Pathirana R AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Madsen, Anders AU - Madsen A AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Vahokoski, Juha AU - Vahokoski J AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Lartey, Sarah AU - Lartey S AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Halvorsen, Bente E AU - Halvorsen BE AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. AD - Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Dahl, Tuva B AU - Dahl TB AD - Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Trieu, Mai-Chi AU - Trieu MC AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Mohn, Kristin G-I AU - Mohn KG AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Brokstad, Karl Albert AU - Brokstad KA AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Safety, Chemistry and Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Aukrust, Pal AU - Aukrust P AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. AD - Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. AD - Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Tondel, Camilla AU - Tondel C AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Langeland, Nina AU - Langeland N AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. AD - National Centre for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Blomberg, Bjorn AU - Blomberg B AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. AD - National Centre for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Cox, Rebecca Jane AU - Cox RJ AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. CN - Bergen COVID-19 Research Group LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04706390 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240925 PL - England TA - Vaccine X JT - Vaccine: X JID - 101748769 PMC - PMC11472110 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aging OT - Interferon-gamma OT - Memory B cells OT - Neutralizing antibodies OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T-lymphocytes OT - mRNA vaccines COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/10/15 10:17 MHDA- 2024/10/15 10:18 PMCR- 2024/09/25 CRDT- 2024/10/15 04:23 PHST- 2024/07/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/15 10:18 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/15 10:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/15 04:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2590-1362(24)00137-2 [pii] AID - 100564 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100564 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccine X. 2024 Sep 25;20:100564. doi: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100564. eCollection 2024 Oct. PMID- 39384979 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241029 LR - 20261010 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 11 DP - 2024 Nov TI - Vaccination against rapidly evolving pathogens and the entanglements of memory. PG - 2015-2023 LID - 10.1038/s41590-024-01970-2 [doi] AB - Immune memory determines infection risk and responses to future infections and vaccinations over potentially decades of life. Despite its centrality, the dynamics of memory to antigenically variable pathogens remains poorly understood. This Review examines how past exposures shape B cell responses to vaccinations with influenza and SARS-CoV-2. An overriding feature of vaccinations with these pathogens is the recall of primary responses, often termed 'imprinting' or 'original antigenic sin'. These recalled responses can inhibit the generation of new responses unless some incompletely defined conditions are met. Depending on the context, immune memory can increase or decrease the total neutralizing antibody response to variant antigens, with apparent consequences for protection. These effects are easier to measure experimentally than epidemiologically, but there is evidence that both early and recent exposures influence vaccine effectiveness. A few immunological interactions between adaptive immune responses and antigens might explain the seemingly discrepant effects of memory. Overall, the complex observations point to a need for more quantitative approaches to integrate high-dimensional immune data from populations with diverse exposure histories. Such approaches could help identify optimal vaccination strategies against antigenically diverse pathogens. CI - (c) 2024. Springer Nature America, Inc. FAU - Cobey, Sarah AU - Cobey S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5298-8979 AD - Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. cobey@uchicago.edu. LA - eng GR - 75N93019C00051/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00051/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20241009 PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Vaccination MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *Influenza, Human/immunology/prevention & control MH - Influenza Vaccines/immunology MH - Animals MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology EDAT- 2024/10/10 00:37 MHDA- 2024/10/29 06:23 CRDT- 2024/10/09 23:50 PHST- 2024/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/29 06:23 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/10 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/09 23:50 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41590-024-01970-2 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-024-01970-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2024 Nov;25(11):2015-2023. doi: 10.1038/s41590-024-01970-2. Epub 2024 Oct 9. PMID- 39364271 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241005 IS - 2589-5370 (Electronic) IS - 2589-5370 (Linking) VI - 76 DP - 2024 Oct TI - Changes in memory and cognition during the SARS-CoV-2 human challenge study. PG - 102842 LID - 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102842 [doi] LID - 102842 AB - BACKGROUND: Patient-reported outcomes and cross-sectional evidence show an association between COVID-19 and persistent cognitive problems. The causal basis, longevity and domain specificity of this association is unclear due to population variability in baseline cognitive abilities, vulnerabilities, virus variants, vaccination status and treatment. METHODS: Thirty-four young, healthy, seronegative volunteers were inoculated with Wildtype SARS-CoV-2 under prospectively controlled conditions. Volunteers completed daily physiological measurements and computerised cognitive tasks during quarantine and follow-up at 30, 90, 180, 270, and 360 days. Linear modelling examined differences between 'infected' and 'inoculated but uninfected' individuals. The main cognitive endpoint was the baseline corrected global cognitive composite score across the battery of tasks administered to the volunteers. Exploratory cognitive endpoints included baseline corrected scores from individual tasks. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT04865237 and took place between March 2021 and July 2022. FINDINGS: Eighteen volunteers developed infection by qPCR criteria of sustained viral load, one without symptoms and the remainder with mild illness. Infected volunteers showed statistically lower baseline-corrected global composite cognitive scores than uninfected volunteers, both acutely and during follow up (mean difference over all time points = -0.8631, 95% CI = -1.3613, -0.3766) with significant main effect of group in repeated measures ANOVA (F (1,34) = 7.58, p = 0.009). Sensitivity analysis replicated this cross-group difference after controlling for community upper respiratory tract infection, task-learning, remdesivir treatment, baseline reference and model structure. Memory and executive function tasks showed the largest between-group differences. No volunteers reported persistent subjective cognitive symptoms. INTERPRETATION: These results support larger cross sectional findings indicating that mild Wildtype SARS-CoV-2 infection can be followed by small changes in cognition and memory that persist for at least a year. The mechanistic basis and clinical implications of these small changes remain unclear. FUNDING: This study was funded through the UK Vaccine Taskforce of the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) of Her Majesty's Government. WT was funded by the EPSRC through the CDT for Neurotechnology Imperial College London. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. FAU - Trender, William AU - Trender W AD - Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK. FAU - Hellyer, Peter J AU - Hellyer PJ AD - Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Killingley, Ben AU - Killingley B AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, University College London Hospital, London, UK. FAU - Kalinova, Mariya AU - Kalinova M AD - HVIVO Services Ltd., London, UK. FAU - Mann, Alex J AU - Mann AJ AD - HVIVO Services Ltd., London, UK. FAU - Catchpole, Andrew P AU - Catchpole AP AD - HVIVO Services Ltd., London, UK. FAU - Menon, David AU - Menon D AD - Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, UK. FAU - Needham, Edward AU - Needham E AD - Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, UK. FAU - Thwaites, Ryan AU - Thwaites R AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Chiu, Christopher AU - Chiu C AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Scott, Gregory AU - Scott G AD - Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK. FAU - Hampshire, Adam AU - Hampshire A AD - Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK. AD - Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04865237 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240921 PL - England TA - EClinicalMedicine JT - EClinicalMedicine JID - 101733727 PMC - PMC11447363 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Baseline corrected OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognition OT - Human challenge study OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- AH is founder and director of Future Cognition Ltd and H2 Cognitive Designs, which develop custom cognitive assessment tasks and provide online assessment services respectively, primarily within the academic research sector. CC had funding to institution from the UK Vaccine Task Force and Wellcome Trust. DM had support for the present manuscript in the form of payments to the institution from the UKRI (UKRI, The COVID-19: Clinical Neuroscience Study (COVID-CNS) (Co-I) and UKRI. Convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients (Co-I)), the Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust (COVID-19: understanding its long-term respiratory, cardiac and neuro-psychiatric sequelae and the determinants of adverse outcomes), the NIHR (NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre). They also received support unrelated to the current manuscript in the form of consultancy fees and research support from: Neurotrauma Sciences, Lantmannen AB, GlaxoSmithKline Ltd and PressuraNeuro Ltd. EN received a portion of their salary from Brain Research UK during the periods in question. PJH is Co-founder and director of H2 Cognitive Designs LTD, which markets online cognitive testing platforms for healthcare and research. In this role he receives Remuneration. RT received support for the present manuscript from UK Vaccine Taskforce of the Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy of Her Majesty's Government (BEIS) and the Wellcome Trust (grant no. 224530/Z/21/Z). Also payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AstraZeneca. WT is employed by H2 Cognitive Designs LTD, which markets online cognitive testing platforms for healthcare and research. AJM is a holder of shares in hVIVO Ltd and an employee of hVivo Ltd. MK, GS, BK and APC have no declarations of interest. EDAT- 2024/10/04 08:43 MHDA- 2024/10/04 08:44 PMCR- 2024/09/21 CRDT- 2024/10/04 04:23 PHST- 2024/05/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/04 08:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/04 08:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/04 04:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2589-5370(24)00421-8 [pii] AID - 102842 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102842 [doi] PST - epublish SO - EClinicalMedicine. 2024 Sep 21;76:102842. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102842. eCollection 2024 Oct. PMID- 39360715 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241028 LR - 20241103 IS - 2222-1751 (Electronic) IS - 2222-1751 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Dec TI - Ad5-nCoV boosted vaccine and reinfection-induced memory T/B cell responses and humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2: based on two prospective cohorts. PG - 2412619 LID - 10.1080/22221751.2024.2412619 [doi] LID - 2412619 AB - Here, we regularly followed two SARS-CoV-2 infected cohorts to investigate the combined effects of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and B and T cell profiles during the convalescent period. Ten infected participants in December 2022 were selected to assess the effects of an inhaled adenovirus type 5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) booster on B cells and humoral immunity in the first cohort. To evaluate T cell responses, eight primary and 20 reinfection participants were included in the second cohort. Blood samples from all 38 participants were collected at 1-, 2-, and 6-months post-infection. In the first cohort, eighteen monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with neutralizing activity from memory B cells (MBC) against SARS-CoV-2 mutants were obtained by high throughput single-B-cell cloning method, which lasted from 1- month to 6- month post infection. The overall number of mAbs from MBC in the boosted immunization group was higher than that in the nonboosted immunization group at 2-, and 6-months post-infection. In the second cohort, circulating T follicular helper cells (cTfh) and AIM (+ )CD4 (+ )T cells increased over time in the reinfection group (P < 0.05). In both cohorts, serum NAb titers showed significant immune escape, while cTfh and AIM (+ )CD4 (+ )T cells in the second cohort essentially showed no immune escape to new strains (including XBB, EG.5). AIM (+ )CD4 (+ )T cells against BA.5 and EG.5 were strongly negatively correlated with the time to viral clearance in the reinfected group at 6-months post-infection. We comprehensively assessed the ability of the SARS-CoV-2 boosted immunization and reinfection-induced generation of T/B cell immune memories in preventing reinfection. FAU - Simayi, Aidibai AU - Simayi A AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Chen, Yuxin AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing. FAU - Chu, Jinjin AU - Chu J AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yu, Huiyan AU - Yu H AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Shihan AU - Zhang S AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Bao, Changjun AU - Bao C AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Health Emergency, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhu, Fengcai AU - Zhu F AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Jin, Hui AU - Jin H AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Qin, Yuanfang AU - Qin Y AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhen, Qian AU - Zhen Q AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Yong AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing. FAU - Zhu, Liguo AU - Zhu L AD - Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology in Emerging Major Infectious Diseases, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. AD - Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241028 PL - United States TA - Emerg Microbes Infect JT - Emerging microbes & infections JID - 101594885 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Reinfection/immunology/virology/prevention & control MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Prospective Studies MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology MH - Adenoviridae/immunology/genetics PMC - PMC11529888 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ad5-nCoV-boosted immunization OT - COVID-19 OT - cellular immunity OT - humoral immunity OT - reinfection COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2024/10/03 16:18 MHDA- 2024/10/28 18:23 PMCR- 2024/10/28 CRDT- 2024/10/03 08:03 PHST- 2024/10/28 18:23 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/03 16:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/03 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2024/10/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2412619 [pii] AID - 10.1080/22221751.2024.2412619 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Emerg Microbes Infect. 2024 Dec;13(1):2412619. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2412619. Epub 2024 Oct 28. PMID- 39347459 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241001 IS - 2633-1055 (Electronic) IS - 2633-1055 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2024 TI - Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying Therapies. PG - 26331055241265668 LID - 10.1177/26331055241265668 [doi] LID - 26331055241265668 AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, emerged in December 2019, sparking a global health crisis. While initially recognized as a respiratory illness, it has become evident that Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also affects the central nervous system. This comprehensive review focuses on the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and its impact on patients with preexisting neurological disorders, particularly those with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving disease-modifying therapies. Advancements in management, including vaccinations, antiviral therapy, and targeted prophylaxis, have led to a decline in the incidence and severity of COVID-19. Nevertheless, significant complications persist, particularly in patients with advanced MS, who are highly vulnerable to infectious agents like SARS-CoV-2. This review explores the evolving understanding of MS and its association with SARS-CoV-2, encompassing neuroinvasiveness, pathogenesis, disease severity, and outcomes. Research findings reveal substantial neurological implications for some MS patients with COVID-19, with a potential risk of disease relapse and severity. A notable proportion of MS patients experiencing COVID-19 may manifest new symptoms, experience exacerbation of existing symptoms, or encounter both simultaneously, underscoring the diverse neurological effects of the virus. While vaccination and therapeutics have mitigated the overall impact, specific subgroups, especially those on anti-CD20 therapy and with existing disability, remain at higher risk, necessitating ongoing vigilance and tailored care. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2024. FAU - Hollist, Mary AU - Hollist M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-4755-7220 AD - Atrium Health, Concord, NC, USA. FAU - Hollist, Abraham AU - Hollist A AD - Optimal Health Medical Center, Miami, FL, USA. FAU - Au, Katherine AU - Au K AD - Loudoun Medical Group, Ashburn, VA, USA. FAU - Betts, Colton AU - Betts C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6649-761X AD - Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA. FAU - Kirmani, Maha AU - Kirmani M AD - Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA. FAU - Kirmani, Maaida AU - Kirmani M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1123-3487 AD - Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. FAU - Armour, Benjamin AU - Armour B AD - Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. FAU - Udeh, Mercy C AU - Udeh MC AD - University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine-Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA. FAU - Kirmani, Batool F AU - Kirmani BF AD - Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA. AD - Department of Neurology, CHI St. Joseph Health, Bryan, TX, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240924 PL - United States TA - Neurosci Insights JT - Neuroscience insights JID - 101760670 PMC - PMC11437550 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - disease-modifying therapies OT - multiple sclerosis COIS- The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2024/09/30 16:20 MHDA- 2024/09/30 16:21 PMCR- 2024/09/24 CRDT- 2024/09/30 10:05 PHST- 2023/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/30 16:21 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/30 16:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/30 10:05 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_26331055241265668 [pii] AID - 10.1177/26331055241265668 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Neurosci Insights. 2024 Sep 24;19:26331055241265668. doi: 10.1177/26331055241265668. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39340069 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240930 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 9 DP - 2024 Sep 11 TI - Changes in Phenotypic and Molecular Features of Naive and Central Memory T Helper Cell Subsets following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination. LID - 10.3390/vaccines12091040 [doi] LID - 1040 AB - Molecular changes in lymphocytes following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are incompletely understood. We hypothesized that studying the molecular (transcriptomic, epigenetic, and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire) changes in CD4(+) T cells following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could inform protective mechanisms and refinement of future vaccines. We tested this hypothesis by reporting alterations in CD4(+) T cell subsets and molecular features of CD4(+) naive and CD4(+) central memory (CM) subsets between the unvaccinated and vaccinated groups. Compared with the unvaccinated, the vaccinated had higher HLA-DR expression in CD4(+) T subsets, a greater number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that overlapped with key differentially accessible regions (DARs) along the chromatin linked to inflammasome activation, translation, regulation (of apoptosis, inflammation), and significant changes in clonal architecture beyond SARS-CoV-2 specificity. Several of these differences were more pronounced in the CD4(+)CM subset. Taken together, our observations imply that the COVID-19 vaccine exerts its protective effects via modulation of acute inflammation to SARS-CoV-2 challenge. FAU - Mosavie, Mia AU - Mosavie M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8332-5948 AD - Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK. FAU - Rynne, Jennifer AU - Rynne J AD - Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK. FAU - Fish, Matthew AU - Fish M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6462-3889 AD - Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. FAU - Smith, Peter AU - Smith P AD - Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK. FAU - Jennings, Aislinn AU - Jennings A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6954-5717 AD - Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK. FAU - Singh, Shivani AU - Singh S AD - Department of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W6 8RF, UK. FAU - Millar, Jonathan AU - Millar J AD - Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK. FAU - Harvala, Heli AU - Harvala H AD - Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. AD - Microbiology Services, Colindale, NHS Blood and Transplant, Colindale NW9 5BG, UK. FAU - Mora, Ana AU - Mora A AD - Heart Lung Research Institute Clinical Research Facility, Cambridge CB2 0BB, UK. FAU - Kaloyirou, Fotini AU - Kaloyirou F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7290-6934 AD - Statistics and Clinical Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK. FAU - Griffiths, Alexandra AU - Griffiths A AD - Statistics and Clinical Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol BS34 7QH, UK. FAU - Hopkins, Valerie AU - Hopkins V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2167-1650 AD - Statistics and Clinical Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK. FAU - Washington, Charlotte AU - Washington C AD - Donor Medicine, NHS Blood and Transplant, Birmingham B15 2SG, UK. FAU - Estcourt, Lise J AU - Estcourt LJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4309-9162 AD - Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. FAU - Roberts, David AU - Roberts D AD - Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. FAU - Shankar-Hari, Manu AU - Shankar-Hari M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5338-2538 AD - Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK. AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK. LA - eng GR - COV19-RECPLAS/GF/NIH HHS/United States GR - WKRO-2018-0047/National Institute of Academic Anesthesia BJA/RCoA fellowship/ GR - Marshall Scholarship and Clarendon Fund/Marshall Scholarship and Clarendon Fund/ GR - 2016-16-011/National Institute for Health Research/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240911 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC11435719 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4+ T helper cell OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell receptor OT - epigenetics OT - repertoire OT - transcriptomics OT - vaccination COIS- LE reported receiving grants from the National Institute for Health Research and European Union Horizon 2020. MSH reports receiving a grant from the Chief Scientists Office, Scotland, for time-critical precision medicine in adult critically ill patients (TRAITS Programme-https://traits-trial.ed.ac.uk). EDAT- 2024/09/28 22:43 MHDA- 2024/09/28 22:44 PMCR- 2024/09/11 CRDT- 2024/09/28 01:31 PHST- 2024/08/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/28 22:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/28 22:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/28 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines12091040 [pii] AID - vaccines-12-01040 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines12091040 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Sep 11;12(9):1040. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12091040. PMID- 39334235 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240928 LR - 20260519 IS - 1750-1172 (Electronic) IS - 1750-1172 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Sep 27 TI - COVID-19 risk factors and outcomes in individuals with stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders before and after omicron. PG - 356 LID - 10.1186/s13023-024-03357-w [doi] LID - 356 AB - BACKGROUND: Stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders (SPSD) are rare, disabling disorders of the nervous system that are associated with risk factors for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, limited data exist on the overall impact of COVID-19 on SPSD. METHODS: Patients with SPSD and COVID-19 who are followed at Johns Hopkins SPS Center were included. Demographics and SPSD characteristics along with COVID-19-specific data were recorded. RESULTS: Thirty-five cases of SPSD with COVID-19 cases were reported during the study time period. Mean age of the cohort was 56 (SD +/- 10) and most were female (66.7%). Eighty percent of the COVID-19 cases were confirmed with testing, and the rest were highly suggestive of COVID-19. COVID-19 comorbidities among patients were hypertension (n = 6), diabetes (n = 6), obesity (n = 5), and cardiovascular disease (n = 4). The majority of participants were on immune therapies and/or benzodiazepines. Out of the cases reported, only 2 required hospitalization, both of whom had diabetes, and one was on immunosuppressive therapy. The majority of cases were post-full-vaccination cases. Fever was the most common COVID-19-associated symptom. Transient neurological symptoms were also reported. CONCLUSION: Risk factors for developing severe COVID-19 in SPSD appear to be the same as historical data in the general population. Importantly, COVID-19 did not appear to be associated with worsening SPSD post-COVID-19. Vaccination may have played a role in preventing severe cases of COVID-19. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Afshar, Hanyeh AU - Afshar H AD - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Simpson, Alexandra AU - Simpson A AD - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Taylor, Elena AU - Taylor E AD - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Miles, Ashley AU - Miles A AD - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Chen, Herbert R AU - Chen HR AD - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Newsome, Scott D AU - Newsome SD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5284-4681 AD - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. snewsom2@jhmi.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240927 PL - England TA - Orphanet J Rare Dis JT - Orphanet journal of rare diseases JID - 101266602 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Female MH - Male MH - Risk Factors MH - Middle Aged MH - *Stiff-Person Syndrome/epidemiology MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Aged MH - Adult MH - Comorbidity PMC - PMC11428925 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Neurology OT - SPSD OT - Stiff person syndrome OT - Vaccination COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/09/28 22:44 MHDA- 2024/09/28 22:45 PMCR- 2024/09/27 CRDT- 2024/09/28 00:23 PHST- 2024/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/28 22:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/28 22:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/28 00:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13023-024-03357-w [pii] AID - 3357 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13023-024-03357-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2024 Sep 27;19(1):356. doi: 10.1186/s13023-024-03357-w. PMID- 39333516 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240928 LR - 20260127 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Sep 27 TI - SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific nasal-resident CD49a(+)CD8(+) memory T cells exert immediate effector functions with enhanced IFN-gamma production. PG - 8355 LID - 10.1038/s41467-024-52689-5 [doi] LID - 8355 AB - Virus-specific nasal resident T cells are important for protection against subsequent infection with a similar virus. Here we examine the phenotypes and functions of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in the nasal mucosa of vaccinated individuals with breakthrough infection (BTI) or without infection. Nasal tissues are obtained from participants during sinus surgery. Analysis of activation-induced markers implicates that a considerable proportion of spike (S)-reactive nasal CD8(+) T cells express CD103, a tissue-resident marker. MHC-I multimer staining is performed to analyze the ex vivo phenotype and function of SARS-CoV-2 S-specific CD8(+) T cells. We detect multimer(+)CD8(+) T cells with tissue-resident phenotypes in nasal tissue samples from vaccinees without infection as well as vaccinees with BTI. Multimer(+)CD8(+) T cells remain present in nasal tissues over one year after the last exposure to S antigen, although the frequency decreases. Upon direct ex vivo stimulation with epitope peptides, nasal multimer(+)CD8(+) T cells-particularly the CD49a(+) subset-exhibit immediate effector functions, including IFN-gamma production. CITE-seq analysis of S-reactive AIM(+)CD8(+) T cells confirms the enhanced effector function of the CD49a(+) subset. These findings indicate that among individuals previously exposed to S antigen by vaccination or BTI, S-specific nasal-resident CD49a(+)CD8(+) memory T cells can rapidly respond to SARS-CoV-2 during infection or reinfection. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Rha, Min-Seok AU - Rha MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1426-7534 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Gyeongyeob AU - Kim G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7972-1446 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Sol AU - Lee S AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jihye AU - Kim J AD - The Center for Viral Immunology, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeong, Yeonsu AU - Jeong Y AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Chan Min AU - Jung CM AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Noh, Hae Eun AU - Noh HE AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Noh, Ji Yun AU - Noh JY AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Yong Min AU - Kim YM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5414-8332 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Cho, Hyung-Ju AU - Cho HJ AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Chang-Hoon AU - Kim CH AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. entman@yuhs.ac. AD - The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. entman@yuhs.ac. FAU - Shin, Eui-Cheol AU - Shin EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6308-9503 AD - The Center for Viral Immunology, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. ecshin@kaist.ac.kr. AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea. ecshin@kaist.ac.kr. LA - eng SI - GEO/GSE271754 GR - RS-2023-00222762/National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)/ GR - HI23C1464/Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240927 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Integrin alpha1) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antigens, CD) RN - 0 (alpha E integrins) RN - 0 (Integrin alpha Chains) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Interferon-gamma/immunology/metabolism MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Nasal Mucosa/immunology/virology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Integrin alpha1/immunology/metabolism MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Antigens, CD/metabolism/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Integrin alpha Chains PMC - PMC11436836 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/09/28 09:47 MHDA- 2024/09/28 22:42 PMCR- 2024/09/27 CRDT- 2024/09/27 23:45 PHST- 2023/11/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/28 22:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/28 09:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/27 23:45 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-024-52689-5 [pii] AID - 52689 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-024-52689-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 27;15(1):8355. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-52689-5. PMID- 39319481 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241226 LR - 20260217 IS - 2192-2659 (Electronic) IS - 2192-2640 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 32 DP - 2024 Dec TI - Constructing the cGAMP-Aluminum Nanoparticles as a Vaccine Adjuvant-Delivery System (VADS) for Developing the Efficient Pulmonary COVID-19 Subunit Vaccines. PG - e2401650 LID - 10.1002/adhm.202401650 [doi] AB - The cGAMP-aluminum nanoparticles (CAN) are engineered as a vaccine adjuvant-delivery system to carry mixed RBD (receptor-binding domain) of the original severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its new variant for developing bivalent pulmonary coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines (biRBD-CAN). High phosphophilicity/adsorptivity made intrapulmonary CAN instantly form the pulmonary ingredient-coated CAN (piCAN) to possess biomimetic features enhancing biocompatibility. In vitro biRBD-CAN sparked APCs (antigen-presenting cells) to mature and make extra reactive oxygen species, engendered lysosome escape effects and enhanced proteasome activities. Through activating the intracellular stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing proteins 3 (NALP3) inflammasome pathways to exert synergy between cGAMP and AN, biRBD-CAN stimulated APCs to secret cytokines favoring mixed Th1/Th2 immunoresponses. Mice bearing twice intrapulmonary biRBD-CAN produced high levels of mucosal antibodies, the long-lasting systemic antibodies, and potent cytotoxic T lymphocytes which efficiently erased cells displaying cognate epitopes. Notably, biRBD-CAN existed in mouse lungs and different lymph nodes for at least 48 h, unveiling their sustained immunostimulatory activity as the main mechanism underlying the long-lasting immunity and memory. Hamsters bearing twice intrapulmonary biRBD-CAN developed high resistance to pseudoviral challenges performed using different recombinant strains including the ones with distinct SARS-CoV-2-spike mutations. Thus, biRBD-CAN as a broad-spectrum pulmonary COVID-19 vaccine candidate may provide a tool for controlling the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. CI - (c) 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Wang, Ning AU - Wang N AD - School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Jade Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China. AD - School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Plum Hill Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China. FAU - Wang, Can AU - Wang C AD - School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Plum Hill Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China. AD - Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 41 Hailian East Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 222006, China. FAU - Wei, Chunliu AU - Wei C AD - School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Plum Hill Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China. FAU - Chen, Minnan AU - Chen M AD - School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Plum Hill Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China. FAU - Gao, Yuhao AU - Gao Y AD - School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Plum Hill Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China. FAU - Zhang, Yuxi AU - Zhang Y AD - School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Plum Hill Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China. FAU - Wang, Ting AU - Wang T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4654-5869 AD - School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Plum Hill Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China. LA - eng GR - 1708085QH196/Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation/ GR - amu-sdf2022-23/Anhui Medical University/ GR - amu-fahph-2022-24/Anhui Medical University/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240925 PL - Germany TA - Adv Healthc Mater JT - Advanced healthcare materials JID - 101581613 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic) RN - 0 (Nucleotides, Cyclic) RN - 0 (cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Subunit) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/chemistry MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology/chemistry MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Nucleotides, Cyclic/chemistry MH - *Nanoparticles/chemistry MH - Vaccines, Subunit/immunology/chemistry MH - Humans MH - Lung/immunology/metabolism MH - Female MH - Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C OTO - NOTNLM OT - STING pathway OT - immune memory OT - long-lived plasma cell OT - mucosal immunity OT - vaccine adjuvant-delivery system EDAT- 2024/09/25 07:03 MHDA- 2024/12/26 18:16 CRDT- 2024/09/25 05:23 PHST- 2024/09/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/26 18:16 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/25 07:03 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/25 05:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/adhm.202401650 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Adv Healthc Mater. 2024 Dec;13(32):e2401650. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202401650. Epub 2024 Sep 25. PMID- 39311425 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240923 LR - 20260320 IS - 1468-2834 (Electronic) IS - 0002-0729 (Print) IS - 0002-0729 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 9 DP - 2024 Sep 1 TI - The risk of geriatric syndromes in older COVID-19 survivors among the nonvaccinated population: a real world retrospective cohort study. LID - 10.1093/ageing/afae205 [doi] LID - afae205 AB - BACKGROUND: We aimed to analyse the differences in the risk of geriatric syndromes between older adults with and without coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients from the US Collaborative Network in the TriNetX between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022. We included individuals aged older than 65 years with at least 2 health care visits who underwent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests during the study period. We excluded those with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, diagnosis with neoplasm and geriatric syndromes before the index date, and death within 30 days after the index date. The index date was defined as the first date of the PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 during the study period. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for eight geriatric syndromes were estimated for propensity score-matched older adults with and without COVID-19. Subgroup analyses of sex and age were also performed. RESULTS: After propensity score matching, 315 826 patients were included (mean [standard deviation] age, 73.5 [6.4] years; 46.7% males and 51.7% females). The three greatest relative increases in the risk of geriatric syndromes in the COVID-19 cohort were cognitive impairment (HR: 3.13; 95% CI: 2.96-3.31), depressive disorder (HR: 2.72; 95% CI: 2.62-2.82) and pressure injury (HR: 2.52; 95% CI: 2.34-2.71). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of developing geriatric syndromes is much higher in the COVID-19 cohort. It is imperative that clinicians endeavour to prevent or minimise the development of these syndromes in the post-COVID-19 era. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. FAU - Su, Chien-Chou AU - Su CC AD - Clinical Innovation and Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Yang, Yi-Ching AU - Yang YC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1391-8040 AD - Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. AD - Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Yu, Yu-Huai AU - Yu YH AD - Clinical Innovation and Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Tsai, Yu-Hsuan AU - Tsai YH AD - Clinical Innovation and Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Yang, Deng-Chi AU - Yang DC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2183-8019 AD - Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. LA - eng GR - NCKUH-V101-10/National Cheng Kung University Hospital/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Age Ageing JT - Age and ageing JID - 0375655 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Risk Factors MH - Geriatric Assessment/methods MH - Survivors/statistics & numerical data MH - Syndrome MH - Risk Assessment MH - Age Factors PMC - PMC11417959 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - TriNetX OT - geriatric syndromes OT - older adults COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2024/09/23 12:47 MHDA- 2024/09/23 12:48 PMCR- 2024/09/23 CRDT- 2024/09/23 08:03 PHST- 2024/03/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/23 12:48 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/23 12:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/23 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 7764812 [pii] AID - afae205 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ageing/afae205 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Age Ageing. 2024 Sep 1;53(9):afae205. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afae205. PMID- 39299570 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250424 LR - 20260715 IS - 1769-714X (Electronic) IS - 1286-4579 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Feb TI - High-resolution kinetics and cellular determinants of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response over two years after COVID-19 vaccination. PG - 105423 LID - S1286-4579(24)00165-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105423 [doi] AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) studies usually rely on cross-sectional data of large cohorts but limited repeated samples, overlooking significant inter-individual antibody kinetic differences. By combining Luminex, activation-induced marker (AIM) and IFN-gamma/IL-2 Fluorospot assays, we characterized the IgM, IgA, and IgG antibody kinetics using 610 samples from 31 healthy adults over two years after COVID-19 vaccination, and the T-cell responses six months post-booster. Antibody trajectories varied among isotypes: IgG decayed slowly, IgA exhibited an initial sharp decline, which gradually slowed down and stabilized above the seropositivity threshold. Contrarily, IgM rapidly dropped to undetectable levels after primary vaccination. Importantly, three vaccine doses induced higher and more durable anti-spike IgG and IgA levels compared to two doses, whereas infection led to the highest antibody peak and slowest antibody decay rate compared to vaccination. Comparing with ancestral virus, antibody levels recognizing Omicron subvariants had a faster antibody decay. Finally, polyfunctional T cells were positively associated with subsequent IgA responses. These results revealed distinctive antibody patterns by isotype and highlight the benefits of booster doses in enhancing and sustaining antibody responses. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved. FAU - Rubio, Rocio AU - Rubio R AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Macia, Didac AU - Macia D AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Barrios, Diana AU - Barrios D AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Vidal, Marta AU - Vidal M AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Jimenez, Alfons AU - Jimenez A AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Salud Publica y Epidemiologia (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Molinos-Albert, Luis M AU - Molinos-Albert LM AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Diaz, Natalia AU - Diaz N AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Canyelles, Mar AU - Canyelles M AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Lara-Escandell, Maria AU - Lara-Escandell M AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Planchais, Cyril AU - Planchais C AD - Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, F-75015 Paris, France. FAU - Santamaria, Pere AU - Santamaria P AD - Pathogenesis and Treatment of Autoimmunity Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Carolis, Carlo AU - Carolis C AD - Biomolecular Screening and Protein Technologies Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Izquierdo, Luis AU - Izquierdo L AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Aguilar, Ruth AU - Aguilar R AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Moncunill, Gemma AU - Moncunill G AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: gemma.moncunill@isglobal.org. FAU - Dobano, Carlota AU - Dobano C AD - ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: carlota.dobano@isglobal.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240917 PL - France TA - Microbes Infect JT - Microbes and infection JID - 100883508 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Male MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Immunoglobulin A/blood/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Kinetics MH - Immunoglobulin M/blood/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Young Adult MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Antibody Formation OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibody kinetics OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - Memory T-cell responses OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - VoCs COIS- Declaration of competing interest PS is founder, scientific officer and stockholder of Parvus Therapeutics and receives funding from the company. He also has a consulting agreement with Sanofi. All other authors declare non-financial competing interests. EDAT- 2024/09/20 11:25 MHDA- 2025/03/13 00:33 CRDT- 2024/09/19 19:29 PHST- 2024/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/13 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/20 11:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/19 19:29 [entrez] AID - S1286-4579(24)00165-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105423 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Microbes Infect. 2025 Feb;27(2):105423. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105423. Epub 2024 Sep 17. PMID- 42903854 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261022 LR - 20261022 IS - 2949-9283 (Electronic) IS - 2949-9283 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec TI - Comparison of antigen-specific B cell responses reveals disparity in immunogenicity and memory B cell formation across COVID-19 vaccine platforms. PG - 625-640 LID - 10.1016/j.hlife.2024.09.002 [doi] AB - Various vaccine technologies have been employed in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, including whole inactivated virus (WIV), recombinant protein, mRNA, and nanoparticle vaccines. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying the immune responses elicited by different vaccines, we examined and compared antigen-specific B cell responses targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein. We found that the nanoparticle vaccine pathogen-like antigens-RBD (PLA-RBD) and the mRNA vaccine demonstrated superior immunogenicity compared with the WIV vaccine and the RBD-dimer, a recombinant protein vaccine. Interestingly, the WIV vaccine contains toll-like receptor ligands that enhance IgG2a/c class-switching. For the mRNA vaccine, although it induces robust germinal center responses and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, it has limited ability to induce memory B cells and long-lived plasma cells. These results indicate that vaccine formats significantly influence both the quantity and quality of immune responses, providing valuable insights for the future development of vaccines. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). FAU - Guo, Chang AU - Guo C AD - Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Chai, Xin AU - Chai X AD - Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Baerlike, Maidaiti AU - Baerlike M AD - Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Yingping AU - Liu Y AD - Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Yao AU - Wang Y AD - Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Shao, Fei AU - Shao F AD - Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Huang, Qingrui AU - Huang Q AD - Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Weiguo AU - Zhang W AD - RinuaGene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China. FAU - Cen, Shan AU - Cen S AD - Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Dong, Yijie AU - Dong Y AD - RinuaGene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China. FAU - Cao, Yunlong AU - Cao Y AD - Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China. AD - Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Yan, Jinghua AU - Yan J AD - Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhou, Xuyu AU - Zhou X AD - Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Hua, Zhaolin AU - Hua Z AD - Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Hou, Baidong AU - Hou B AD - Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240919 PL - Netherlands TA - Hlife JT - hLife JID - 9918845587906676 PMC - PMC13681511 OTO - NOTNLM OT - germinal center response OT - immunogenicity OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cells OT - nanoparticle vaccine OT - the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inactivated vaccine COIS- The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: B.H. is listed as an inventor on a patent of PLA-based COVID-19 vaccine. W.Z. and Y.D. are employees of RinuaGene Biotechnology and receives salary and benefits from the company. EDAT- 2024/09/19 00:00 MHDA- 2024/09/19 00:01 PMCR- 2024/09/19 CRDT- 2026/10/22 14:37 PHST- 2024/07/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/19 00:01 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/19 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/22 14:37 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2949-9283(24)00080-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.hlife.2024.09.002 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Hlife. 2024 Sep 19;2(12):625-640. doi: 10.1016/j.hlife.2024.09.002. eCollection 2024 Dec. PMID- 39291099 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240919 IS - 1664-2295 (Print) IS - 1664-2295 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2295 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Exploring cognitive impairments and the efficacy of phosphatidylcholine and computer-assisted cognitive training in post-acute COVID-19 and post-acute COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome. PG - 1419134 LID - 10.3389/fneur.2024.1419134 [doi] LID - 1419134 AB - PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to millions of confirmed cases worldwide, resulting in numerous deaths and hospitalizations. Long-term symptoms after infection or vaccination, known as Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PACS) or Post-acute COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome (PACVS), present a challenge for the healthcare system. Among the various neurological symptoms, cognitive impairments are frequently observed in PACS/PACVS patients. This study aimed to understand cognitive deficits in PACS/PACVS patients and evaluated potential treatment options, including phosphatidylcholine and computer-assisted cognitive training (CCT). METHODS: The Neuro-COVID Outpatient Clinic at Evangelic Hospital Vienna evaluated n = 29 PACS/PACVS patients from May 2023 to October 2023. Enrolled patients were divided into three therapy schemes: Group A received phosphatidylcholine, B received phosphatidylcholine plus access to a computer-assisted cognitive training program, and C (divided into two subgroups) served as a control group. Cognitive impairments were evaluated in multiple assessments (initial and during therapy) using the COGBAT test. Simultaneously, an assessment of the quality of life was conducted using the WHOQOL-BREF. RESULTS: Primary cognitive impairments, especially attentional deficits were notably evident compared to the general population. While all treatment groups showed cognitive improvement (significant or with a positive trend, but without reaching the level of statistical significance) after therapy, no significant interaction was found between assessment time points and treatment schemes for overall cognitive performance, attention, memory, and executive functions, suggesting consistency across the groups. The WHOQOL-BREF primarily demonstrated deficits in the domains of physical health and psychological well-being. CONCLUSION: This study examined the impact of PACS/PACVS on cognitive performance and evaluated phosphatidylcholine and CCT as potential treatment options. Patients with PACS/PACVS showed notable cognitive deficits, especially in the domain attention. While the effectiveness of phosphatidylcholine and CCT in treating cognitive deficits was inconclusive, the study indicated the possibility of spontaneous remission of cognitive deficits in PACS/PACVS. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Hotz, Kellerberger, Elea Jochlinger, Danielova, Temizsoy, Otsch, Goller, Yacob and Zifko. FAU - Hotz, Julian Frederic AU - Hotz JF AD - Department of Neurology, Evangelic Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Department of Neurology, Hospital St. John's of God, Vienna, Austria. AD - Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kellerberger, Sophie AU - Kellerberger S AD - Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria. FAU - Elea Jochlinger, Sara AU - Elea Jochlinger S AD - Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria. FAU - Danielova, Iren AU - Danielova I AD - Department of Neurology, Evangelic Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Department of Neurology, Rudolfinerhaus Private Clinic and Campus, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Temizsoy, Hanife AU - Temizsoy H AD - Department of Neurology, Evangelic Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Otsch, Sandra AU - Otsch S AD - Department of Clinical Psychology, Rudolfinerhaus Private Clinic and Campus, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Goller, Jurgen AU - Goller J AD - Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria. FAU - Yacob, Muhammad AU - Yacob M AD - Department of Neurology, Accident Hospital Meidling, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Zifko, Udo AU - Zifko U AD - Department of Neurology, Rudolfinerhaus Private Clinic and Campus, Vienna, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240903 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurol JT - Frontiers in neurology JID - 101546899 PMC - PMC11405338 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome OT - Post-acute COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - WHOQOL-BREF OT - computer-assisted cognitive training OT - phosphatidylcholine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/18 06:42 MHDA- 2024/09/18 06:43 PMCR- 2024/09/03 CRDT- 2024/09/18 04:38 PHST- 2024/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/18 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/18 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/18 04:38 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fneur.2024.1419134 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurol. 2024 Sep 3;15:1419134. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1419134. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39290396 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240919 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2024 TI - Deep learning infused SIRVD model for COVID-19 prediction: XGBoost-SIRVD-LSTM approach. PG - 1427239 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2024.1427239 [doi] LID - 1427239 AB - The global impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, while somewhat contained, remains a critical challenge that has tested the resilience of humanity. Accurate and timely prediction of COVID-19 transmission dynamics and future trends is essential for informed decision-making in public health. Deep learning and mathematical models have emerged as promising tools, yet concerns regarding accuracy persist. This research suggests a novel model for forecasting the COVID-19's future trajectory. The model combines the benefits of machine learning models and mathematical models. The SIRVD model, a mathematical based model that depicts the reach of the infection via population, serves as basis for the proposed model. A deep prediction model for COVID-19 using XGBoost-SIRVD-LSTM is presented. The suggested approach combines Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Vaccinated-Deceased (SIRVD), and a deep learning model, which includes Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and other prediction models, including feature selection using XGBoost method. The model keeps track of changes in each group's membership over time. To increase the SIRVD model's accuracy, machine learning is applied. The key properties for forecasting the spread of the infection are found using a method called feature selection. Then, in order to learn from these features and create predictions, a model involving deep learning is applied. The performance of the model proposed was assessed with prediction metrics such as R (2), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE). The results are also validated to those of other prediction models. The empirical results show that the suggested model outperforms similar models. Findings suggest its potential as a valuable tool for pandemic management and public health decision-making. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Alkhalefah, Preethi, Khare, Abidi and Umer. FAU - Alkhalefah, Hisham AU - Alkhalefah H AD - Advanced Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Preethi, D AU - Preethi D AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Khare, Neelu AU - Khare N AD - School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems (SCORE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Abidi, Mustufa Haider AU - Abidi MH AD - Advanced Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Umer, Usama AU - Umer U AD - Advanced Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240903 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC11405207 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - deep learning OT - extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) OT - feature selection OT - long short-term memory (LSTM) OT - prediction OT - susceptible-infected-recovered-vaccination-deceased (SIRVD) COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/18 06:42 MHDA- 2024/09/18 06:43 PMCR- 2024/09/03 CRDT- 2024/09/18 04:27 PHST- 2024/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/18 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/18 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/18 04:27 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2024.1427239 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Sep 3;11:1427239. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1427239. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39289865 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240918 LR - 20241008 IS - 1643-3750 (Electronic) IS - 1234-1010 (Print) IS - 1234-1010 (Linking) VI - 30 DP - 2024 Sep 18 TI - Long COVID or Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC) and the Urgent Need to Identify Diagnostic Biomarkers and Risk Factors. PG - e946512 LID - 10.12659/MSM.946512 [doi] AB - Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as post-COVID-19 condition or post-COVID syndrome, can affect anyone infected with SARS-CoV-2, regardless of age or the severity of the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Long COVID/PASC is the continuation or development of new symptoms after three months from the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, which lasts for at least two months and has no other identifiable cause. Long COVID/PASC occurs in 10-20% of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The most common symptoms include fatigue, cognitive impairment (brain fog), and shortness of breath. However, more than 200 symptoms have been reported. No phenotypic or diagnostic biomarkers have been identified for developing long COVID/PASC, which is a multisystem disorder that can present with isolated or combined respiratory, hematological, immunological, cardiovascular, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. There is no cure. Therefore, individualized patient management requires a multidisciplinary clinical approach. Because millions of people have had and continue to have COVID-19, even in the era of vaccination and antiviral therapies, long COVID/PASC is now and will increasingly become a health and economic burden that the world must prepare for. Almost five years from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, this article aims to review what is currently known about long COVID/PASC, the anticipated increasing global health burden, and why there is still an urgent need to identify diagnostic biomarkers and risk factors to improve prevention and treatment. FAU - Parums, Dinah V AU - Parums DV AD - Science Editor, Medical Science Monitor, International Scientific Information, Inc., Melville, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240918 PL - United States TA - Med Sci Monit JT - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research JID - 9609063 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Biomarkers/blood MH - Cognitive Dysfunction/blood/diagnosis/immunology/virology MH - *COVID-19/complications/immunology/virology MH - Dyspnea/blood/diagnosis/immunology/virology MH - Fatigue/blood/diagnosis/immunology/virology MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/blood/diagnosis/immunology/virology MH - Risk Factors MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology/pathogenicity PMC - PMC11418572 COIS- Conflict of interest: None declared EDAT- 2024/09/18 06:42 MHDA- 2024/09/18 06:43 PMCR- 2024/09/18 CRDT- 2024/09/18 01:23 PHST- 2024/09/18 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/18 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/18 01:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 946512 [pii] AID - 10.12659/MSM.946512 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Sci Monit. 2024 Sep 18;30:e946512. doi: 10.12659/MSM.946512. PMID- 39274303 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240916 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 17 DP - 2024 Aug 27 TI - Impact of Spa Therapy on Symptoms and Quality of Life in Post-COVID-19 Patients with Chronic Conditions. LID - 10.3390/jcm13175091 [doi] LID - 5091 AB - Background: With limited pharmacological interventions, post-COVID-19 condition is a clinical challenge, and supplementary therapies are essential for symptom relief and enhancing quality of life (QoL). In our prospective observational study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of Salus per aquam (Spa) therapy on post-COVID-19 symptoms and QoL in individuals who suffer from chronic joint, musculoskeletal, skin, and/or respiratory conditions. Methods: A total of 159 individuals undergoing Spa therapy were enrolled, and 78 of them had post-COVID-19 symptoms, assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire (mMRC-DS scales), as well as the Short Form 36 Health Status Survey (SF-36) questionnaire for QoL. Results: Spa therapy significantly reduced most post-COVID-19 symptoms, especially chronic fatigue, pain, brain fog, and persistent cough (all p < 0.05), as well as physical (+72%) and emotional (+66%) limitations. When stratified by sex, males showed a greater improvement from baseline, while females consistently displayed a higher amelioration in all QoL dimensions. Moreover, full vaccination with 3-4 doses significantly protected against SARS-CoV-2 re-infections and post-COVID-19 development (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Spa therapy demonstrated effectiveness in mitigating post-COVID-19 symptoms and enhancing QoL in patients suffering from chronic diseases. FAU - Costantino, Maria AU - Costantino M AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy. AD - University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84121 Salerno, Italy. AD - Non-Profit Association F.I.R.S.Thermae (Interdisciplinary Training, Researches and Spa Sciences), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy. FAU - Giudice, Valentina AU - Giudice V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7492-6848 AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy. AD - University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84121 Salerno, Italy. FAU - Farroni, Mario AU - Farroni M AD - Non-Profit Association F.I.R.S.Thermae (Interdisciplinary Training, Researches and Spa Sciences), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy. FAU - Marongiu, Francesco AU - Marongiu F AD - Non-Profit Association F.I.R.S.Thermae (Interdisciplinary Training, Researches and Spa Sciences), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy. FAU - De Caro, Francesco AU - De Caro F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9659-9940 AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy. AD - University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84121 Salerno, Italy. FAU - Filippelli, Amelia AU - Filippelli A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8235-9118 AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy. AD - University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84121 Salerno, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240827 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC11396595 OTO - NOTNLM OT - QoL OT - Spa therapy OT - post COVID OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/14 10:43 MHDA- 2024/09/14 10:44 PMCR- 2024/08/27 CRDT- 2024/09/14 01:13 PHST- 2024/06/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/08/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/14 10:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/14 10:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/14 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm13175091 [pii] AID - jcm-13-05091 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm13175091 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2024 Aug 27;13(17):5091. doi: 10.3390/jcm13175091. PMID- 39271718 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240916 IS - 2059-0105 (Electronic) IS - 2059-0105 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Sep 14 TI - COVID-19 vaccine refusal is driven by deliberate ignorance and cognitive distortions. PG - 167 LID - 10.1038/s41541-024-00951-8 [doi] LID - 167 AB - Vaccine hesitancy was a major challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. A common but sometimes ineffective intervention to reduce vaccine hesitancy involves providing information on vaccine effectiveness, side effects, and related probabilities. Could biased processing of this information contribute to vaccine refusal? We examined the information inspection of 1200 U.S. participants with anti-vaccination, neutral, or pro-vaccination attitudes before they stated their willingness to accept eight different COVID-19 vaccines. All participants-particularly those who were anti-vaccination-frequently ignored some of the information. This deliberate ignorance, especially toward probabilities of extreme side effects, was a stronger predictor of vaccine refusal than typically investigated demographic variables. Computational modeling suggested that vaccine refusals among anti-vaccination participants were driven by ignoring even inspected information. In the neutral and pro-vaccination groups, vaccine refusal was driven by distorted processing of side effects and their probabilities. Our findings highlight the necessity for interventions tailored to individual information-processing tendencies. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Fulawka, Kamil AU - Fulawka K AD - Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany. fulawka@mpib-berlin.mpg.de. FAU - Hertwig, Ralph AU - Hertwig R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9908-9556 AD - Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Pachur, Thorsten AU - Pachur T AD - Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany. AD - School of Management, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240914 PL - England TA - NPJ Vaccines JT - NPJ vaccines JID - 101699863 PMC - PMC11399437 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/09/14 10:44 MHDA- 2024/09/14 10:45 PMCR- 2024/09/14 CRDT- 2024/09/13 23:30 PHST- 2023/12/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/14 10:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/14 10:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/13 23:30 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41541-024-00951-8 [pii] AID - 951 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41541-024-00951-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - NPJ Vaccines. 2024 Sep 14;9(1):167. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-00951-8. PMID- 39267758 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240913 LR - 20261002 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Antigen-specific T helper cells and cytokine profiles predict intensity and longevity of cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination. PG - 1423766 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1423766 [doi] LID - 1423766 AB - INTRODUCTION: Pre-existent pools of coronavirus-specific or cross-reactive T cells were shown to shape the development of cellular and humoral immune responses after primary mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. However, the cellular determinants of responses to booster vaccination remain incompletely understood. Therefore, we phenotypically and functionally characterized spike antigen-specific T helper (Th) cells in healthy, immunocompetent individuals and correlated the results with cellular and humoral immune responses to BNT162b2 booster vaccination over a six-month period. METHODS: Blood of 30 healthy healthcare workers was collected before, 1, 3, and 6 months after their 3rd BNT162b2 vaccination. Whole blood was stimulated with spike peptides and analyzed using flow cytometry, a 13-plex cytokine assay, and nCounter-based transcriptomics. RESULTS: Spike-specific IgG levels at 1 month after booster vaccination correlated with pre-existing CD154+CD69+IFN-gamma+CD4+ effector memory cells as well as spike-induced IL-2 and IL-17A secretion. Early post-booster (1-month) spike IgG levels (r=0.49), spike-induced IL‑2 (r=0.58), and spike-induced IFN‑gamma release (r=0.43) correlated moderately with their respective long-term (6-month) responses. Sustained robust IgG responses were significantly associated with S-specific (CD69++/-CD154++/-IFN-gamma+) Th-cell frequencies before booster vaccination (p=0.038), especially double/triple-positive type-1 Th cells. Furthermore, spike IgG levels, spike-induced IL‑2 release, and spike-induced IFN‑gamma release after 6 months were significantly associated with increased IL‑2 & IL‑4, IP‑10 & MCP1, and IFN‑gamma & IP‑10 levels at 1 month post-booster, respectively. On the transcriptional level, induction of pathways associated with both T-cell proliferation and antigen presentation was indicative of sustained spike-induced cytokine release and spike-specific IgG production 6 months post-booster. Using support vector machine models, pre-booster spike-specific T-cell frequencies and early post-booster cytokine responses predicted sustained (6-month) responses with F1 scores of 0.80-1.00. DISCUSSION: In summary, spike-specific Th cells and T-cellular cytokine signatures present before BNT162b2 booster vaccination shape sustained adaptive cellular and humoral responses post-booster. Functional T-cell assays might facilitate early identification of potential non-responders. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Page, Dennehy, Mueller, Girl, Loell, Buijze, Classen, Messmann, Roemmele, Hoffmann, Wurster and Fuchs. FAU - Page, Lukas AU - Page L AD - Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Dennehy, Kevin AU - Dennehy K AD - Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Mueller, Katharina AU - Mueller K AD - Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany. FAU - Girl, Philipp AU - Girl P AD - Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany. AD - Central Institute of the Bundeswehr Medical Service, Munich, Germany. AD - Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Loell, Eva AU - Loell E AD - Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Buijze, Hellen AU - Buijze H AD - Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Classen, Johanna-Maria AU - Classen JM AD - Internal Medicine III - Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Messmann, Helmut AU - Messmann H AD - Internal Medicine III - Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Roemmele, Christoph AU - Roemmele C AD - Internal Medicine III - Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Hoffmann, Reinhard AU - Hoffmann R AD - Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. FAU - Wurster, Sebastian AU - Wurster S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States. FAU - Fuchs, Andre AU - Fuchs A AD - Internal Medicine III - Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240829 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cytokines/metabolism MH - *BNT162 Vaccine/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Male MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Adult MH - Female MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - *T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC11390417 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - antibodies OT - cytokines OT - immune monitoring OT - immunity OT - memory cells OT - transcriptomics COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/13 23:43 MHDA- 2024/09/13 23:44 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/09/13 04:15 PHST- 2024/04/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/13 23:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/13 23:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/13 04:15 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1423766 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Aug 29;15:1423766. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1423766. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39257577 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240911 LR - 20261021 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - mRNA-1273 vaccination induces polyfunctional memory CD4 and CD8 T cell responses in patients with solid cancers undergoing immunotherapy or/and chemotherapy. PG - 1447555 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1447555 [doi] LID - 1447555 AB - INTRODUCTION: Research has confirmed the safety and comparable seroconversion rates following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with solid cancers. However, the impact of cancer treatment on vaccine-induced T cell responses remains poorly understood. METHODS: In this study, we expand on previous findings within the VOICE trial by evaluating the functional and phenotypic composition of mRNA-1273-induced T cell responses in patients with solid tumors undergoing immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or both, compared to individuals without cancer. We conducted an ELISpot analysis on 386 participants to assess spike-specific T cell responses 28 days after full vaccination. Further in-depth characterization of using flow cytometry was performed on a subset of 63 participants to analyze the functional phenotype and differentiation state of spike-specific T cell responses. RESULTS: ELISpot analysis showed robust induction of spike-specific T cell responses across all treatment groups, with response rates ranging from 75% to 80%. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a distinctive cytokine production pattern across cohorts, with CD4 T cells producing IFNgamma, TNF, and IL-2, and CD8 T cells producing IFNgamma, TNF, and CCL4. Variations were observed in the proportion of monofunctional CD4 T cells producing TNF, particularly higher in individuals without cancer and patients treated with chemotherapy alone, while those treated with immunotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy predominantly produced IFNgamma. Despite these differences, polyfunctional spike-specific memory CD4 and CD8 T cell responses were comparable across cohorts. Notably, immunotherapy-treated patients exhibited an expansion of spike-specific CD4 T cells with a terminally differentiated effector memory phenotype. DISCUSSION: These findings demonstrate that systemic treatment in patients with solid tumors does not compromise the quality of polyfunctional mRNA-1273-induced T cell responses. This underscores the importance of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with solid cancers undergoing systemic treatment. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Gangaev, van Sleen, Brandhorst, Hoefakker, Prajapati, Singh, Boerma, van der Heiden, Oosting, van der Veldt, Hiltermann, GeurtsvanKessel, Dingemans, Smit, de Vries, Haanen, Kvistborg and van Baarle. FAU - Gangaev, Anastasia AU - Gangaev A AD - Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - van Sleen, Yannick AU - van Sleen Y AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - Brandhorst, Nicole AU - Brandhorst N AD - Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Hoefakker, Kelly AU - Hoefakker K AD - Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Prajapati, Bimal AU - Prajapati B AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - Singh, Amrita AU - Singh A AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - Boerma, Annemarie AU - Boerma A AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - van der Heiden, Marieke AU - van der Heiden M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - Oosting, Sjoukje F AU - Oosting SF AD - Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - van der Veldt, Astrid A M AU - van der Veldt AAM AD - Department of Medical Oncology and Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center (MC)-Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Hiltermann, T Jeroen N AU - Hiltermann TJN AD - Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H AU - GeurtsvanKessel CH AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center (MC) Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Dingemans, Anne-Marie C AU - Dingemans AC AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Smit, Egbert F AU - Smit EF AD - Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - de Vries, Elisabeth G E AU - de Vries EGE AD - Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - Haanen, John B A G AU - Haanen JBAG AD - Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Kvistborg, Pia AU - Kvistborg P AD - Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - van Baarle, Debbie AU - van Baarle D AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. AD - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Utrecht, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240827 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - EPK39PL4R4 (2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Neoplasms/immunology/therapy/drug therapy MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Middle Aged MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Aged MH - *2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Immunotherapy/methods MH - Adult MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory PMC - PMC11385311 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells OT - cancer OT - chemoimmunotherapy OT - chemotherapy OT - immunotherapy COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/11 07:43 MHDA- 2024/09/11 07:44 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/09/11 04:17 PHST- 2024/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/11 07:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/11 07:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/11 04:17 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1447555 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Aug 27;15:1447555. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1447555. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39254005 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240910 LR - 20241202 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Dec 31 TI - Genomic insights into mRNA COVID-19 vaccines efficacy: Linking genetic polymorphisms to waning immunity. PG - 2399382 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2024.2399382 [doi] LID - 2399382 AB - Genetic polymorphisms have been linked to the differential waning of vaccine-induced immunity against COVID-19 following vaccination. Despite this, evidence on the mechanisms behind this waning and its implications for vaccination policy remains limited. We hypothesize that specific gene variants may modulate the development of vaccine-initiated immunity, leading to impaired immune function. This study investigates genetic determinants influencing the sustainability of immunity post-mRNA vaccination through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Utilizing a hospital-based, test negative case-control design, we enrolled 1,119 participants from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) cohort, all of whom completed a full mRNA COVID-19 vaccination regimen and underwent PCR testing during the Omicron outbreak. Participants were classified into breakthrough and protected groups based on PCR results. Genetic samples were analyzed using SNP arrays with rigorous quality control. Cox regression identified significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with breakthrough infections, affecting 743 genes involved in processes such as antigenic protein translation, B cell activation, and T cell function. Key genes identified include CD247, TRPV1, MYH9, CCL16, and RPTOR, which are vital for immune responses. Polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis revealed that individuals with higher PRS are at greater risk of breakthrough infections post-vaccination, demonstrating a high predictability (AUC = 0.787) in validating population. This finding confirms the significant influence of genetic variations on the durability of immune responses and vaccine effectiveness. This study highlights the importance of considering genetic polymorphisms in evaluating vaccine-induced immunity and proposes potential personalized vaccination strategies by tailoring regimens to individual genetic profiles. FAU - Hsieh, Min-Jia AU - Hsieh MJ AD - Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Tsai, Ping-Hsing AU - Tsai PH AD - Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Chiang, Pin-Hsuan AU - Chiang PH AD - Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Kao, Zih-Kai AU - Kao ZK AD - Department of Information Management, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Zhuang, Zi-Qing AU - Zhuang ZQ AD - Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Hsieh, Ai-Ru AU - Hsieh AR AD - Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, New Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Ho, Hsiang-Ling AU - Ho HL AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Chiou, Shih-Hwa AU - Chiou SH AD - Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - School of medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Liang, Kung-Hao AU - Liang KH AD - Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Biosafety level 3 laboratory, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Chen, Yu-Chun AU - Chen YC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4124-1949 AD - Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - School of medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuli Branch, Hualien, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240910 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - COVID-19 breakthrough infections SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Male MH - *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *Genome-Wide Association Study MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology/genetics MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Adult MH - Vaccine Efficacy MH - Aged MH - mRNA Vaccines MH - Taiwan MH - Vaccination MH - Precision Medicine MH - Breakthrough Infections PMC - PMC11404610 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - genetic polymorphisms OT - long-term memory CD8+ T cells OT - mRNA-based vaccines OT - waning immunity COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2024/09/10 12:43 MHDA- 2024/09/10 12:44 PMCR- 2024/09/10 CRDT- 2024/09/10 06:23 PHST- 2024/09/10 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/10 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/10 06:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2399382 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2024.2399382 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2399382. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2399382. Epub 2024 Sep 10. PMID- 39245233 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241108 LR - 20260918 IS - 1538-9375 (Electronic) IS - 1525-8610 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 11 DP - 2024 Nov TI - Delirium Incidence and Predictors in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinated Residents in Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCF): Insights from the GeroCovid Vax Study. PG - 105251 LID - S1525-8610(24)00673-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105251 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination can bring an important benefit for older people in terms of reduction of mortality and hospitalization; however, reports of rare adverse effects like altered consciousness and delirium among this demographic have raised concerns. This study aimed to assess delirium incidence post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and its predictors in older residents across 60 Italian long-term care facilities (LTCFs). DESIGN: This is a prospective cohort study considering data from GeroCovid Vax, a multicenter cohort study jointly performed by the Italian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics (SIGG) (Florence, Italy) and the Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanita-ISS, Rome, Italy), and sponsored by the Italian Medicines Agency (Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco-AIFA). SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: GeroCovid Vax enrolled LTCFs residents aged >/=60 who received at least 1 anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose. METHODS: Baseline data covered sociodemographic details, chronic diseases, medications, nutritional status, cognitive and functional assessments, mobility, and frailty. Delirium was assessed post-first, second, and booster vaccine doses using DSM-5 criteria. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression, and network analysis. RESULTS: A total of 2521 participants (mean age 83.10 +/- 9.21 years, 70.7% female) were analyzed. Delirium incidence post-first, second, and booster doses was 3.5%, 1.6%, and 1.5%, respectively. Age, preexisting cognitive disorders, and frailty were significant predictors of delirium, with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.70 (95% CI, 1.08-2.77), 2.05 (95% CI, 1.40-2.97), and 1.77 (95% CI, 1.25-2.52), respectively. Prior use of antipsychotics (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.22-2.51) and antidepressants (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.25-2.52) correlated significantly with delirium. Network analysis indicated a strong association between anorexia and delirium. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Post-vaccination delirium is infrequent and decreases with subsequent doses. Timely assessments for frailty and cognitive impairment could aid in stratifying delirium risk among LTCF residents, facilitating enhanced prevention measures and close monitoring for delirium indicators. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Okoye, Chukwuma AU - Okoye C AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Zazzara, Maria Beatrice AU - Zazzara MB AD - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. FAU - Ceolin, Chiara AU - Ceolin C AD - Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. Electronic address: chiara.ceolin.1@phd.unipd.it. FAU - Fedele, Giorgio AU - Fedele G AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Palmieri, Annapina AU - Palmieri A AD - Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Abbatecola, Angela Marie AU - Abbatecola AM AD - Alzheimer's Disease Day Clinic, Azienda Sanitaria Locale, Frosinone, Italy. FAU - Malara, Alba AU - Malara A AD - ANASTE Humanitas Foundation, Rome, Italy. FAU - Trevisan, Caterina AU - Trevisan C AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Timmons, Suzanne AU - Timmons S AD - Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. FAU - Prato, Rosa AU - Prato R AD - Hygiene Unit, Policlinico Foggia Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FAU - Fortunato, Francesca AU - Fortunato F AD - Hygiene Unit, Policlinico Foggia Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FAU - Del Signore, Susanna AU - Del Signore S AD - Bluecompanion Ltd, Londra, UK. FAU - Bellelli, Giuseppe AU - Bellelli G AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy. FAU - Incalzi, Raffaele Antonelli AU - Incalzi RA AD - Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Onder, Graziano AU - Onder G AD - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. FAU - Coin, Alessandra AU - Coin A AD - Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. CN - GeroCovid Vax Working Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240905 PL - United States TA - J Am Med Dir Assoc JT - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association JID - 100893243 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - *Delirium/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Incidence MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - *Long-Term Care MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - frailty OT - long-term facilities OT - older adults OT - vaccine COIS- Disclosures The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/09 00:50 MHDA- 2024/11/13 13:55 CRDT- 2024/09/08 19:24 PHST- 2024/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/13 13:55 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/09 00:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/08 19:24 [entrez] AID - S1525-8610(24)00673-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105251 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2024 Nov;25(11):105251. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105251. Epub 2024 Sep 5. PMID- 39240335 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240906 LR - 20260625 IS - 1540-9538 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1007 (Print) IS - 0022-1007 (Linking) VI - 221 IP - 10 DP - 2024 Oct 7 TI - Modeling memory B cell responses in a lymphoid organ-chip to evaluate mRNA vaccine boosting. LID - 10.1084/jem.20240289 [doi] LID - e20240289 AB - Predicting the immunogenicity of candidate vaccines in humans remains a challenge. To address this issue, we developed a lymphoid organ-chip (LO chip) model based on a microfluidic chip seeded with human PBMC at high density within a 3D collagen matrix. Perfusion of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein mimicked a vaccine boost by inducing a massive amplification of spike-specific memory B cells, plasmablast differentiation, and spike-specific antibody secretion. Features of lymphoid tissue, including the formation of activated CD4+ T cell/B cell clusters and the emigration of matured plasmablasts, were recapitulated in the LO chip. Importantly, myeloid cells were competent at capturing and expressing mRNA vectored by lipid nanoparticles, enabling the assessment of responses to mRNA vaccines. Comparison of on-chip responses to Wuhan monovalent and Wuhan/Omicron bivalent mRNA vaccine boosts showed equivalent induction of Omicron neutralizing antibodies, pointing at immune imprinting as reported in vivo. The LO chip thus represents a versatile platform suited to the preclinical evaluation of vaccine-boosting strategies. CI - (c) 2024 Jeger-Madiot et al. FAU - Jeger-Madiot, Raphael AU - Jeger-Madiot R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-3444-8536 AD - Control of Chronic Viral Infections Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. FAU - Planas, Delphine AU - Planas D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2509-9954 AD - Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. FAU - Staropoli, Isabelle AU - Staropoli I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8637-4545 AD - Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. FAU - Debarnot, Hippolyte AU - Debarnot H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-7261-8470 AD - Control of Chronic Viral Infections Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. FAU - Kervevan, Jerome AU - Kervevan J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5070-022X AD - Control of Chronic Viral Infections Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. FAU - Mary, Heloise AU - Mary H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1171-3260 AD - Biomaterials and Microfluidics Core Facility, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite , Paris, France. FAU - Collina, Camilla AU - Collina C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-2632-0136 AD - Control of Chronic Viral Infections Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. FAU - Fonseca, Barbara F AU - Fonseca BF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6403-4099 AD - Control of Chronic Viral Infections Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. AD - Biomaterials and Microfluidics Core Facility, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite , Paris, France. FAU - Robinot, Remy AU - Robinot R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3651-0171 AD - Control of Chronic Viral Infections Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. FAU - Gellenoncourt, Stacy AU - Gellenoncourt S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1896-7212 AD - Control of Chronic Viral Infections Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. FAU - Schwartz, Olivier AU - Schwartz O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0729-1475 AD - Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. FAU - Ewart, Lorna AU - Ewart L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8258-7460 AD - Emulate Inc , Boston, USA. FAU - Bscheider, Michael AU - Bscheider M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7808-3270 AD - Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel , Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Gobaa, Samy AU - Gobaa S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0125-8674 AD - Biomaterials and Microfluidics Core Facility, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite , Paris, France. FAU - Chakrabarti, Lisa A AU - Chakrabarti LA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1895-3630 AD - Control of Chronic Viral Infections Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3569 , Paris, France. LA - eng GR - S-RD21002/Emulate/ GR - Pasteur COVID-19 RP call/ GR - PR-166156/Fondation de France/ GR - PFR7/Institut Pasteur/ GR - ECTZ213626/French Agency for AIDS and Emerging Diseases Research (ANRS-MIE)/ GR - Institut Carnot Pasteur Microbe & Sante/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240906 PL - United States TA - J Exp Med JT - The Journal of experimental medicine JID - 2985109R RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Lipid Nanoparticles) RN - 0 (Liposomes) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *mRNA Vaccines/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/genetics MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Lymphoid Tissue/immunology MH - Lab-On-A-Chip Devices MH - Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics/immunology/metabolism MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Liposomes MH - Nanoparticles PMC - PMC11383861 COIS- Disclosures: R. Jeger-Madiot received a fellowship from F. Hoffmann-LaRoche and Emulate during the conduct of the study. M. Bscheider reported personal fees from F. Hoffmann-LaRoche during the conduct of the study. L.A. Chakrabarti reported grants from F. Hoffmann-LaRoche and Emulate during the conduct of the study. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2024/09/06 12:44 MHDA- 2024/09/06 12:45 PMCR- 2025/03/06 CRDT- 2024/09/06 11:14 PHST- 2024/02/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/08/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/06 12:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/06 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/06 11:14 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 276956 [pii] AID - jem.20240289 [pii] AID - 10.1084/jem.20240289 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exp Med. 2024 Oct 7;221(10):e20240289. doi: 10.1084/jem.20240289. Epub 2024 Sep 6. PMID- 39220747 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240903 IS - 2050-3121 (Print) IS - 2050-3121 (Electronic) IS - 2050-3121 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2024 TI - Effect of COVID 19 pandemic on the neurology department hospitalization with analysis of the neurological complications secondary to COVID 19 and vaccination against COVID 19. PG - 20503121241272518 LID - 10.1177/20503121241272518 [doi] LID - 20503121241272518 AB - OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effect of the pandemic on neurological hospitalizations and complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection or vaccinations. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data of patients hospitalized in our neurology division from 1 April 2019 to 31 March 2022 as the opt-out study. We classified the neurological diseases into nine subgroups, evaluated changes of neurological disease characteristics, and analyzed patients hospitalized with the complications from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection or after the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination over three eras based on the pandemic stages: (1) pre-pandemic, (2) during the pandemic but before vaccines, and (3) during the pandemic with vaccines. RESULTS: Overall, 1756 patients were included in the analyses. The patient characteristics significantly changed throughout the pandemic (p < 0.01). Although the number of autoimmune cases did not change throughout the pandemic (p = 0.53), that of psychological cases and that of unknown cases were significantly changed (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). There were four infectious cases and 11 cases following vaccination from 1 April 2020 to 31 March 2022. The 11 postvaccination cases involved 10 kinds of neurological diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The neurological characteristics significantly changed throughout the pandemic and there were diverse neurological complications following vaccinations. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2024. FAU - Matsuzono, Kosuke AU - Matsuzono K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9455-3903 AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Mieno, Makiko AU - Mieno M AD - Department of Medical Informatics, Center for Information, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Mashiko, Takafumi AU - Mashiko T AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Anan, Yuhei AU - Anan Y AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Ozawa, Tadashi AU - Ozawa T AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Koide, Reiji AU - Koide R AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Tanaka, Ryota AU - Tanaka R AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. FAU - Kimura, Akio AU - Kimura A AD - Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan. FAU - Fujimoto, Shigeru AU - Fujimoto S AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240828 PL - England TA - SAGE Open Med JT - SAGE open medicine JID - 101624744 PMC - PMC11363057 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autoimmunity OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - neurologic manifestations OT - stroke COIS- The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2024/09/02 08:45 MHDA- 2024/09/02 08:46 PMCR- 2024/08/28 CRDT- 2024/09/02 05:22 PHST- 2024/01/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/02 08:46 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/02 08:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/02 05:22 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_20503121241272518 [pii] AID - 10.1177/20503121241272518 [doi] PST - epublish SO - SAGE Open Med. 2024 Aug 28;12:20503121241272518. doi: 10.1177/20503121241272518. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39209013 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241011 LR - 20250711 IS - 1873-0183 (Electronic) IS - 1568-9972 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 10 DP - 2024 Oct TI - Ear abnormalities in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), fibromyalgia (FM), Coronavirus-19 infectious disease (COVID) and long-COVID syndrome (PCS), sick-building syndrome (SBS), post-orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (PoTS), and autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA): A systematic review. PG - 103606 LID - S1568-9972(24)00097-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103606 [doi] AB - Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), fibromyalgia (FM), silicone breast implants (SBI), Coronavirus-19 infectious disease (COVID), COVID-19 vaccination (post-COVIDvac-syndrome), Long-COVID syndrome (PCS), sick-building syndrome (SBS), post-orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (PoTS), and autoimmune/ inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) are a cluster of poorly understood medical conditions that have in common a group of ill-defined symptoms and dysautonomic features. Most of the clinical findings of this group of diseases are unspecific, such as fatigue, diffuse pain, cognitive impairment, paresthesia, tachycardia, anxiety, and depression. Hearing disturbances and vertigo have also been described in this context, the underlying pathophysiologic process for these conditions might rely on autonomic autoimmune dysbalance. The authors procced a literature review regarding to hearing and labyrinthic disturbances in CSF, FM, SBI, COVID, post-COVIDvac-syndrome, PCS, SBS, POTS, and ASIA. The PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the literature reviewed encompassed papers from January 1990 to January 2024. After the initial evaluation of the articles found in the search through Pubmed, Scielo and Embase, a total of 172 articles were read and included in this review. The prevalence of hearing loss, dizziness, vertigo and tinnitus was described and correlated with the diseases investigated in this study. There are great variability in the frequencies of symptoms found, but cochlear complaints are the most frequent in most studies. Vestibular symptoms are less reported. The main pathophysiological mechanisms are discussed. Direct effects of the virus in the inner ear or nervous pathways, impaired vascular perfusion, cross-reaction or autoimmune immunoreactivity, oxidative stress, DNA methylation, epigenetic modifications and gene activation were implicated in the generation of the investigated symptoms. In clinical practice, all patients with these autoimmune conditions who have any audiological complaint an ENT consultation followed by an audiometry are needed. CI - Copyright (c) 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Skare, Thelma L AU - Skare TL AD - Servico de Reumatologia, Hospital Universitario Evangelico Mackenzie, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. FAU - de Carvalho, Jozelio Freire AU - de Carvalho JF AD - Nucleo de Pesquisa em Doencas Cronicas nao Transmissiveis (NUPEN), School of Nutrition from the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Electronic address: jotafc@gmail.com. FAU - de Medeiros, Italo Roberto Torres AU - de Medeiros IRT AD - Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universadade de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Shoenfeld, Yehuda AU - Shoenfeld Y AD - Reichman University, Herzelia, Israel; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases (Founder), Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20240828 PL - Netherlands TA - Autoimmun Rev JT - Autoimmunity reviews JID - 101128967 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Autoimmune Diseases/etiology MH - *COVID-19/complications/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/complications MH - *Fibromyalgia/complications MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/complications MH - *Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome/complications MH - SARS-CoV-2 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants OT - COVID-19 OT - Chronic fatigue syndrome OT - Coronavirus-19 infectious disease OT - Fibromyalgia OT - Long-COVID syndrome OT - Post-orthostatic tachycardia syndrome ear abnormalities OT - Sick-building syndrome COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/08/31 09:53 MHDA- 2024/10/12 09:45 CRDT- 2024/08/29 19:25 PHST- 2024/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/12 09:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/29 19:25 [entrez] AID - S1568-9972(24)00097-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103606 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Autoimmun Rev. 2024 Oct;23(10):103606. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103606. Epub 2024 Aug 28. PMID- 39207904 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240926 LR - 20251027 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 43 IP - 9 DP - 2024 Sep 24 TI - Antigenic sin and multiple breakthrough infections drive converging evolution of COVID-19 neutralizing responses. PG - 114645 LID - S2211-1247(24)00996-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114645 [doi] LID - 114645 AB - Understanding the evolution of the B cell response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants is fundamental to design the next generation of vaccines and therapeutics. We longitudinally analyze at the single-cell level almost 900 neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies (nAbs) isolated from vaccinated people and from individuals with hybrid and super hybrid immunity (SH), developed after three mRNA vaccine doses and two breakthrough infections. The most potent neutralization and Fc functions against highly mutated variants belong to the SH cohort. Repertoire analysis shows that the original Wuhan antigenic sin drives the convergent expansion of the same B cell germlines in vaccinated and SH cohorts. Only Omicron breakthrough infections expand previously unseen germ lines and generate broadly nAbs by restoring IGHV3-53/3-66 germ lines. Our analyses find that B cells initially expanded by the original antigenic sin continue to play a fundamental role in the evolution of the immune response toward an evolving virus. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Paciello, Ida AU - Paciello I AD - Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. FAU - Pierleoni, Giulio AU - Pierleoni G AD - Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy; Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Pantano, Elisa AU - Pantano E AD - Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy; Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Antonelli, Giada AU - Antonelli G AD - Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. FAU - Pileri, Piero AU - Pileri P AD - Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. FAU - Maccari, Giuseppe AU - Maccari G AD - Data Science for Health (DaScH) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. FAU - Cardamone, Dario AU - Cardamone D AD - Data Science for Health (DaScH) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. FAU - Realini, Giulia AU - Realini G AD - Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. FAU - Perrone, Federica AU - Perrone F AD - Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy; Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Neto, Martin Mayora AU - Neto MM AD - Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK. FAU - Pozzessere, Simone AU - Pozzessere S AD - Department of Cellular Therapies, Hematology, and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fabbiani, Massimiliano AU - Fabbiani M AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Panza, Francesca AU - Panza F AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy. FAU - Rancan, Ilaria AU - Rancan I AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy. FAU - Tumbarello, Mario AU - Tumbarello M AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Montagnani, Francesca AU - Montagnani F AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Medini, Duccio AU - Medini D AD - Data Science for Health (DaScH) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. FAU - Maes, Piet AU - Maes P AD - KU Leuven, Rega Institute, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Temperton, Nigel AU - Temperton N AD - Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK. FAU - Simon-Loriere, Etienne AU - Simon-Loriere E AD - G5 Evolutionary Genomics of RNA Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France; National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. FAU - Schwartz, Olivier AU - Schwartz O AD - Virus and Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France. FAU - Rappuoli, Rino AU - Rappuoli R AD - Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Fondazione Biotecnopolo di Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Andreano, Emanuele AU - Andreano E AD - Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. Electronic address: e.andreano@toscanalifesciences.org. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - U01 AI151758/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240827 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology/genetics MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology/prevention & control MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/genetics MH - Antigens, Viral/immunology MH - Breakthrough Infections PMC - PMC11422482 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell germlines OT - COVID-19 OT - CP: Immunology OT - Fc functions OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - V(D)J genes OT - antigenic sin OT - breakthrough infection OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibodies COIS- Declaration of interests I.P., G.P., E.P., P.P., R.R., and E.A. are listed as inventors of full-length human mAbs described in Italian patent application nos. 102020000015754 filed on June 30, 2020, 102020000018955 filed on August 3, 2020, and 102020000029969 filed on December 4, 2020, and the international patent system no. PCT/IB2021/055755 filed on June 28, 2021. I.P., E.P., G.A., P.P., R.R., and E.A. are listed as inventors of full-length human mAbs described in the international patent system no. PCT/IB2022/061257 filed on November 22, 2022. All patents were submitted by Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. EDAT- 2024/08/31 09:51 MHDA- 2024/09/27 00:42 PMCR- 2024/08/27 CRDT- 2024/08/29 12:36 PHST- 2024/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/27 00:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:51 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/29 12:36 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(24)00996-3 [pii] AID - 114645 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114645 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2024 Sep 24;43(9):114645. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114645. Epub 2024 Aug 27. PMID- 39201981 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240901 IS - 2075-4426 (Print) IS - 2075-4426 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4426 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 8 DP - 2024 Jul 25 TI - Small Fiber Neuropathy Associated with Post-COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 Vaccination Arthritis: A Rare Post-Infective Syndrome or a New-Onset Disease? LID - 10.3390/jpm14080789 [doi] LID - 789 AB - Post-COVID-19 (PC) and post-COVID-19 vaccination (PCV) syndromes are considered emergent multidisciplinary disorders. PC/PCV small fiber neuropathy (SFN) was rarely described and its association with undifferentiated arthritis (UA) was never defined. We aimed to evaluate PC/PCV-UA associated with the recent onset of severe lower limb paresthesia, compare SFN positive (+) to negative (-) patients, and evaluate changes in biomarkers in SFN+ during treatments. Nineteen PC/PCV-UA-patients with possible SFN underwent skin biopsy at the Usl Tuscany Center (Florence) early arthritis outpatient clinic from September 2021 to March 2024. Eight selected SFN+ were compared to ten SFN- patients. In SFN+ patients, baseline joint ultrasound (US), electromyography (EMG), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and skin biopsy were repeated at six months. Moreover, SFN+ patients were clinically assessed by a 0-10 numeric rating scale for neurological symptoms and DAS28/ESR up to 12 months follow-up. SFN+ patients showed a lower intraepidermal nerve fiber density at histopathological examination of skin biopsies and a higher frequency of OCT and EMG abnormalities in comparison to SFN- patients. In SFN+ patients, US and DAS28/ESR significantly improved, while intraepidermal nerve fiber density did not significantly change at the six-month follow-up. Fatigue, motor impairment, burning pain, brain fog, and sensitivity disorders decreased at long-term follow-up (12 months). FAU - Bandinelli, Francesca AU - Bandinelli F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6874-4941 AD - Rheumatology Department, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Usl Tuscany Center, 50143 Florence, Italy. FAU - Nassini, Romina AU - Nassini R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9223-8395 AD - Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy. AD - Headache Center and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy. FAU - Gherardi, Eleonora AU - Gherardi E AD - Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50125 Florence, Italy. FAU - Chiocchetti, Barbara AU - Chiocchetti B AD - Neurology Department, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Usl Tuscany Center, 50143 Florence, Italy. FAU - Manetti, Mirko AU - Manetti M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3956-8480 AD - Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Cincotta, Massimo AU - Cincotta M AD - Neurology Department, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Usl Tuscany Center, 50143 Florence, Italy. FAU - Nozzoli, Filippo AU - Nozzoli F AD - Section of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy. FAU - Nucci, Elena AU - Nucci E AD - Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics Unit, Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy. FAU - De Logu, Francesco AU - De Logu F AD - Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy. FAU - Pimpinelli, Nicola AU - Pimpinelli N AD - Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50125 Florence, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240725 PL - Switzerland TA - J Pers Med JT - Journal of personalized medicine JID - 101602269 PMC - PMC11355276 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - arthritis OT - small fiber neuropathy COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/08/31 09:43 MHDA- 2024/08/31 09:44 PMCR- 2024/07/25 CRDT- 2024/08/29 01:16 PHST- 2024/06/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/29 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jpm14080789 [pii] AID - jpm-14-00789 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jpm14080789 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Pers Med. 2024 Jul 25;14(8):789. doi: 10.3390/jpm14080789. PMID- 39198798 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240829 LR - 20250203 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Aug 28 TI - Behavioral, cognitive and emotional determinants of getting vaccinated for COVID-19 and the mediating role of institutional trust among young adults in Cyprus. PG - 2336 LID - 10.1186/s12889-024-19859-y [doi] LID - 2336 AB - BACKGROUND: Vaccination uptake is a complex behavior, influenced by numerous factors. Behavioral science theories are commonly used to explain the psychosocial determinants of an individual's health behavior. This study examined the behavioural, cognitive, and emotional determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention based on well-established theoretical models: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM-B) and the Health Belief Model (HBM). Additionally, it examined the mediating role of institutional trust in the relationship between determinants of these models and vaccination intentions. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2022, where university students in Cyprus completed an online survey. RESULTS: A total of 484 university students completed the online survey, with 23.8% reporting being vaccinated with fewer than three vaccination doses and/or no intention to vaccinate further. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis showed that higher scores in institutional trust, perceived severity, motivation, physical and psychological capability were significantly associated with higher odds of intending to vaccinate. Higher psychological flexibility and not being infected with COVID-19 were also associated with higher odds of vaccination intention, but not in the final model when all determinants were included. Additionally, significant indirect effects of psychological and physical capability, motivation and perceived severity on vaccination intention were found to be mediated by institutional trust. CONCLUSIONS: When tackling COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy, behavioural, cognitive, and emotional aspects should be considered. Stakeholders and policymakers are advised to implement targeted vaccination programs in young people while at the same time building trust and improving their capabilities and motivation towards getting vaccinated. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Konstantinou, Pinelopi AU - Konstantinou P AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. AD - Department of Psychology, School of Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Larnaca, Cyprus. FAU - Kyprianidou, Maria AU - Kyprianidou M AD - Department of Social and Behavioral Science, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Christodoulou, Andria AU - Christodoulou A AD - Department of Social and Behavioral Science, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - McHugh, Louise AU - McHugh L AD - Department of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Constantinou, Marios AU - Constantinou M AD - Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Epiphaniou, Eleni AU - Epiphaniou E AD - Department of Social and Behavioral Science, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Vahey, Nigel AU - Vahey N AD - Department of Psychology, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Nicolaou, Christiana AU - Nicolaou C AD - Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, 3041, Cyprus. FAU - Middleton, Nicos AU - Middleton N AD - Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, 3041, Cyprus. FAU - Karekla, Maria AU - Karekla M AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Kassianos, Angelos P AU - Kassianos AP AD - Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. angelos.kassianos@cut.ac.cy. AD - Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, 3041, Cyprus. angelos.kassianos@cut.ac.cy. AD - Department of Applied Health Research, UCL, London, UK. angelos.kassianos@cut.ac.cy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240828 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cyprus MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Trust/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Intention MH - Adult MH - Universities MH - Adolescent MH - Vaccination/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Motivation MH - Vaccination Hesitancy/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Health Behavior MH - Cognition MH - Emotions PMC - PMC11351732 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acceptance and Commitment Therapy OT - COM-B model OT - COVID-19 OT - Health Belief Model OT - Vaccination COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/08/31 09:53 MHDA- 2024/08/31 09:54 PMCR- 2024/08/28 CRDT- 2024/08/28 23:50 PHST- 2023/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:54 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/28 23:50 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-024-19859-y [pii] AID - 19859 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-024-19859-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2024 Aug 28;24(1):2336. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19859-y. PMID- 39186606 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240826 LR - 20250129 IS - 2573-7732 (Electronic) IS - 2573-7732 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 8 DP - 2024 Aug 1 TI - Mild Primary or Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infection Promotes Autoantibody Production in Individuals with and without Neuro-PASC. PG - 577-585 LID - 10.4049/immunohorizons.2400033 [doi] AB - Patients with long COVID can develop humoral autoimmunity after severe acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, whether similar increases in autoantibody responses occur after mild infection and whether vaccination prior to SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection can limit autoantibody responses is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that mild SARS-CoV-2 infection increases autoantibodies associated with rheumatic autoimmune diseases and diabetes in most individuals, regardless of vaccination status prior to infection. However, patients with long COVID and persistent neurologic and fatigue symptoms (neuro-PASC) have substantially higher autoantibody responses than convalescent control subjects at an average of 8 mo postinfection. Furthermore, high titers of systemic lupus erythematosus- and CNS-associated autoantibodies in patients with neuro-PASC are associated with impaired cognitive performance and greater symptom severity. In summary, we found that mild SARS-CoV-2 primary and breakthrough infections can induce persistent humoral autoimmunity in both patients with neuro-PASC and healthy COVID convalescents, suggesting that a reappraisal of mitigation strategies against SARS-CoV-2 is warranted to prevent transmission and potential development of autoimmunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. FAU - Visvabharathy, Lavanya AU - Visvabharathy L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8157-4385 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. FAU - Dalil, Neda AU - Dalil N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5566-4347 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. FAU - Leonor, Lucia AU - Leonor L AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. FAU - Zhu, Chengsong AU - Zhu C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8872-9450 AD - Genomics and Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX. FAU - Orban, Zachary S AU - Orban ZS AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. FAU - Jimenez, Millenia AU - Jimenez M AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. FAU - Lim, Patrick H AU - Lim PH AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. FAU - Penaloza-MacMaster, Pablo AU - Penaloza-MacMaster P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9986-4906 AD - Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. FAU - Koralnik, Igor J AU - Koralnik IJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6836-1468 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. LA - eng GR - DP2 DA051912/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 EB027049/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - England TA - Immunohorizons JT - ImmunoHorizons JID - 101708159 RN - 0 (Autoantibodies) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - COVID-19 breakthrough infections SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *Autoantibodies/immunology/blood MH - Male MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Autoimmunity/immunology MH - Fatigue/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Breakthrough Infections PMC - PMC11374748 COIS- The authors have no financial conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/08/26 19:49 MHDA- 2024/08/27 09:48 PMCR- 2024/08/26 CRDT- 2024/08/26 14:33 PHST- 2024/04/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/27 09:48 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/26 19:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/26 14:33 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 267113 [pii] AID - immunohorizons_2400033 [pii] AID - 10.4049/immunohorizons.2400033 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunohorizons. 2024 Aug 1;8(8):577-585. doi: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2400033. PMID- 39175548 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240824 IS - 1663-9812 (Print) IS - 1663-9812 (Electronic) IS - 1663-9812 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Neurological manifestations of immune origin after COVID-19 vaccination: retrospective case study. PG - 1376474 LID - 10.3389/fphar.2024.1376474 [doi] LID - 1376474 AB - Objectives: To know the frequency and characteristics of neurological manifestations of probable immune origin occurring after exposure to COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, to pre-study the usefulness of the Spanish pharmacovigilance system and lymphocyte transformation test in establishing causality. Methods: Retrospective case study, including patients admitted to the Neurology department from January 2021 to May 2022 with a probable neuroimmune disorder. Demographic, clinical and COVID-19 vaccination antecedent data were collected from medical records. Results: From a total of 108 patients, 30 were excluded due to a different etiological diagnosis after follow-up. Thirty-six patients (46.2%) had received the COVID-19 vaccine in the previous 3 months (21.8% during the previous month). BioNTech-Pfizer vaccine was the most frequent in this group (63.9%). 69/108 were female and mean age 51.2 years (SD 22.59), with no significant difference with not recently-vaccinated (U-Mann Whitney, p = 0.256). The neurological syndromes found were (vaccinated/total): polyradiculoneuropathy (8/16), encephalitis (5/11), multiple sclerosis relapse (5/16), optic neuritis (1/4), myelitis (3/6), cranial neuropathy (6/10), aseptic meningitis (1/3) and others (7/11). Acute immunosuppressive treatment was administered in 61.1% of cases and 47.2% presented complete clinical improvement, without significant differences with non-vaccinated patients (chi-square, p = 0.570). Eleven vaccinated patients were studied in the pharmacovigilance office for possible adverse drug reaction. Causality according to the Spanish pharmacovigilance system (SPVS) algorithm was "Related" to COVID-19 vaccine (score >/= 4) in 11 cases with positive in vitro study (lymphocyte transformation test) to polyethylene glycol-2000 and polysorbate-80 in 4 cases. Conclusion: Neuroimmune disorders appearing after administration of COVID-19 vaccine do not seem to present important differentiating clinical and/or evolutive features. Delayed hypersensitivity to vaccine excipients could be one of the pathophysiological mechanisms, and lymphocyte transformation test is a useful tool to identify it. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Granja Lopez, Estebas Armas, Lorenzo Dieguez, Puertas Munoz, De Celis Ruiz, Rigual, Fernandez-Fournier, Torres Iglesias, Sanchez Velasco, Tallon Barranco, Rogozina, Ramirez, Gonzalez-Munoz and Lacruz Ballester. FAU - Granja Lopez, Juan AU - Granja Lopez J AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Estebas Armas, Carlos AU - Estebas Armas C AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lorenzo Dieguez, Manuel AU - Lorenzo Dieguez M AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Puertas Munoz, Inmaculada AU - Puertas Munoz I AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - De Celis Ruiz, Elena AU - De Celis Ruiz E AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Rigual, Ricardo AU - Rigual R AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Fournier, Mireya AU - Fernandez-Fournier M AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Torres Iglesias, Gabriel AU - Torres Iglesias G AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Sanchez Velasco, Sara AU - Sanchez Velasco S AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Tallon Barranco, Antonio AU - Tallon Barranco A AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Rogozina, Olga AU - Rogozina O AD - Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Ramirez, Elena AU - Ramirez E AD - Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Munoz, Miguel AU - Gonzalez-Munoz M AD - Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lacruz Ballester, Laura AU - Lacruz Ballester L AD - Neurology Department and Stroke Center, Laboratory of Neurological and Cerebrovascular Sciences, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240808 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pharmacol JT - Frontiers in pharmacology JID - 101548923 PMC - PMC11338880 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Spanish pharmacovigilance system causality algorithm OT - autoimmune disorders OT - cranial neuropathy OT - lymphocyte transformation test OT - polyradiculoneuropathy COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/08/23 06:41 MHDA- 2024/08/23 06:42 PMCR- 2024/08/08 CRDT- 2024/08/23 04:14 PHST- 2024/01/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/23 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/23 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/23 04:14 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1376474 [pii] AID - 10.3389/fphar.2024.1376474 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pharmacol. 2024 Aug 8;15:1376474. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1376474. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39168129 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240911 LR - 20250123 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 9 DP - 2024 Sep 10 TI - Affinity-independent memory B cell origin of the early antibody-secreting cell response in naive individuals upon SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. PG - 2191-2201.e5 LID - S1074-7613(24)00372-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.07.023 [doi] AB - Memory B cells (MBCs) formed over the individual's lifetime constitute nearly half of the circulating B cell repertoire in humans. These pre-existing MBCs dominate recall responses to their cognate antigens, but how they respond to recognition of novel antigens is not well understood. Here, we tracked the origin and followed the differentiation paths of MBCs in the early anti-spike (S) response to mRNA vaccination in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals on single-cell and monoclonal antibody levels. Pre-existing, highly mutated MBCs showed no signs of germinal center re-entry and rapidly developed into mature antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). By contrast, and despite similar levels of S reactivity, naive B cells showed strong signs of antibody affinity maturation before differentiating into MBCs and ASCs. Thus, pre-existing human MBCs differentiate into ASCs in response to novel antigens, but the quality of the humoral and cellular anti-S response improved through the clonal selection and affinity maturation of naive precursors. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Li, Zhe AU - Li Z AD - B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. FAU - Obraztsova, Anna AU - Obraztsova A AD - B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. Electronic address: a.obraztsova@dkfz.de. FAU - Shang, Fuwei AU - Shang F AD - Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. FAU - Oludada, Opeyemi Ernest AU - Oludada OE AD - B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. FAU - Malapit, Joshua AU - Malapit J AD - B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. FAU - Busch, Katrin AU - Busch K AD - Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. FAU - van Straaten, Monique AU - van Straaten M AD - Structural Biology of Infection and Immunity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. FAU - Stebbins, Erec AU - Stebbins E AD - Structural Biology of Infection and Immunity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. FAU - Murugan, Rajagopal AU - Murugan R AD - B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. FAU - Wardemann, Hedda AU - Wardemann H AD - B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. Electronic address: h.wardemann@dkfz.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240820 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *Antibody-Producing Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Antibody Affinity/immunology MH - Cell Differentiation/immunology MH - Germinal Center/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology MH - Adult MH - Female OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - affinity maturation OT - germinal center OT - humoral immunity OT - mRNA vaccination OT - pre-existing memory B cells OT - somatic hypermutation COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/08/22 00:42 MHDA- 2024/09/12 00:42 CRDT- 2024/08/21 18:42 PHST- 2023/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/12 00:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/22 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/21 18:42 [entrez] AID - S1074-7613(24)00372-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.07.023 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2024 Sep 10;57(9):2191-2201.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.07.023. Epub 2024 Aug 20. PMID- 39167666 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240821 LR - 20250702 IS - 1946-6242 (Electronic) IS - 1946-6234 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 761 DP - 2024 Aug 21 TI - Repeated Omicron exposures redirect SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cell evolution toward the latest variants. PG - eadp9927 LID - 10.1126/scitranslmed.adp9927 [doi] AB - Immunological imprinting by ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strains is thought to impede the robust induction of Omicron-specific humoral responses by Omicron-based booster vaccines. Here, we analyzed the specificity and neutralization activity of memory B (B(mem)) cells after repeated BA.5 exposure in individuals previously imprinted by ancestral strain-based mRNA vaccines. After a second BA.5 exposure, B(mem) cells with BA.5 spike protein-skewed reactivity were promptly elicited, correlating with preexisting antibody titers. Clonal lineage analysis identified BA.5-skewed B(mem) cells that had redirected their specificity from the ancestral strain to BA.5 through somatic hypermutations. Moreover, B(mem) cells with redirected BA.5 specificity exhibited accelerated development compared with de novo B(mem) cells derived from naive repertoires. This redirected BA.5 specificity demonstrated greater resilience to viral point mutation and adaptation to recent Omicron variants HK.3 and JN.1, months after the second BA.5 exposure, suggesting that existing B(mem) cells elicited by older vaccines can redirect their specificity toward newly evolving variants. FAU - Kotaki, Ryutaro AU - Kotaki R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7965-1671 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Moriyama, Saya AU - Moriyama S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2057-9198 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Oishi, Shintaro AU - Oishi S AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Onodera, Taishi AU - Onodera T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7079-3339 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Adachi, Yu AU - Adachi Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8573-987X AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Sasaki, Eita AU - Sasaki E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3384-7414 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Ishino, Kota AU - Ishino K AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Morikawa, Miwa AU - Morikawa M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5222-055X AD - Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan. FAU - Takei, Hiroaki AU - Takei H AD - Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan. FAU - Takahashi, Hidenori AU - Takahashi H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9781-258X AD - Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan. FAU - Takano, Tomohiro AU - Takano T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4267-1147 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Nishiyama, Ayae AU - Nishiyama A AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Yumoto, Kohei AU - Yumoto K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7282-0150 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Terahara, Kazutaka AU - Terahara K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9876-4356 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Isogawa, Masanori AU - Isogawa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8730-4303 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Matsumura, Takayuki AU - Matsumura T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1760-3484 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Shinkai, Masaharu AU - Shinkai M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4012-2518 AD - Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan. FAU - Takahashi, Yoshimasa AU - Takahashi Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6342-4087 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. AD - Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240821 PL - United States TA - Sci Transl Med JT - Science translational medicine JID - 101505086 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/genetics MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology EDAT- 2024/08/21 18:41 MHDA- 2024/08/21 18:42 CRDT- 2024/08/21 14:03 PHST- 2024/08/21 18:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/21 18:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/21 14:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1126/scitranslmed.adp9927 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Transl Med. 2024 Aug 21;16(761):eadp9927. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adp9927. Epub 2024 Aug 21. PMID- 39165041 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240821 LR - 20260604 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 8 DP - 2024 Aug TI - SARS-CoV-2 reinfection broadens the antibody responses and promotes the phenotypic differentiation of virus-specific memory T cells in adolescents. PG - e29873 LID - 10.1002/jmv.29873 [doi] AB - The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariants raises concerns regarding the effectiveness of immunity acquired from previous Omicron subvariants breakthrough infections (BTIs) or reinfections (RIs) against the current circulating Omicron subvariants. In this study, we prospectively investigate the dynamic changes of virus-specific antibody and T cell responses among 77 adolescents following Omicron BA.2.3 BTI with or without subsequent Omicron BA.5 RI. Notably, the neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) titers against various detected SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially the emerging Omicron CH.1.1, XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, EG.5.1, and JN.1 subvariants, exhibited a significant decrease along the time. A lower level of IgG and NAbs titers post-BTI was found to be closely associated with subsequent RI. Elevated NAbs levels and shortened antigenic distances were observed following Omicron BA.5 RI. Robust T cell responses against both Omicron BA.2- and CH.1.1-spike peptides were observed at each point visited. The exposure to Omicron BA.5 promoted phenotypic differentiation of virus-specific memory T cells, even among the non-seroconversion adolescents. Therefore, updated vaccines are needed to provide effective protection against newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants among adolescents. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Zhao, Xin-Jing AU - Zhao XJ AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Xiao-Lin AU - Liu XL AD - Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China. FAU - Gu, Hong-Jing AU - Gu HJ AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Ti AU - Liu T AD - Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China. FAU - Li, De-Yu AU - Li DY AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Sheng AU - Zhang S AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Jie AU - Wu J AD - Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Binzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China. FAU - Du, Kai-Ge AU - Du KG AD - Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China. FAU - Tian, Shen AU - Tian S AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Jin-Jin AU - Chen JJ AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Xu, Qiang AU - Xu Q AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Lv, Chen-Long AU - Lv CL AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Jiang, Bao-Gui AU - Jiang BG AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Hui AU - Wang H AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Kou, Zeng-Qiang AU - Kou ZQ AD - Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China. FAU - Wang, Guo-Lin AU - Wang GL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5393-9500 AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. FAU - Fang, Li-Qun AU - Fang LQ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4981-1483 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China. LA - eng GR - Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality/ GR - National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - China Mega-Project on Infectious Disease Prevention/ GR - Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province/ GR - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - Male MH - *Reinfection/immunology/virology MH - Female MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Antibody Formation MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Child MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell responses OT - breakthrough infection OT - differentiation of memory T cells OT - neutralizing antibody OT - reinfection EDAT- 2024/08/21 11:41 MHDA- 2024/08/21 11:42 CRDT- 2024/08/21 02:33 PHST- 2024/07/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/21 11:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/21 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/21 02:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jmv.29873 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2024 Aug;96(8):e29873. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29873. PMID- 39157305 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250212 IS - 2405-8440 (Print) IS - 2405-8440 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8440 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 15 DP - 2024 Aug 15 TI - Brain effects of mild COVID-19 in healthy young adults: A pilot study. PG - e34764 LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34764 [doi] LID - e34764 AB - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: This study examined the brain effects of mild severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection which are incompletely understood. Our objective was to ascertain within-person changes associated with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in otherwise healthy adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We leveraged existing pre-pandemic baseline neuroimaging and neurocognitive data, and collected follow-up data from uninfected controls and individuals with prior mild COVID-19, during December 2020 and January 2021, when vaccines were not yet available. We compared change during follow-up in patients (n = 5) versus controls (n = 15). RESULTS: We identified a decrease of intracellular volume fraction (ICVF), decrease of isotropic volume fraction (ISO) and decrease of orientation dispersion index (ODI) in multiple inferior frontal regions of interest in COVID-19 patients; this longitudinal change was significantly different from the control group which demonstrated increases in equivalent measures. This pattern suggests injury with neuronal loss and/or inflammation as underlying mechanisms. Neurocognitive studies identified a pattern of cognitive decline (processing speed, executive function, verbal learning, working memory) in patients, that did not reach significance. CONCLUSION: Our pilot data suggests that mild COVID-19 may result in brain pathology and impact neurocognitive function in younger adults in a manner parallel to prior findings in older individuals. Though findings may not generalize to other SARS-CoV-2 variants, larger longitudinal studies of mild COVID-19 should be undertaken to understand the potential clinical implications of these findings over the longer term. CI - (c) 2024 Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Lipton, Michael L AU - Lipton ML AD - Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Fleysher, Roman AU - Fleysher R AD - Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Song, Joan Y AU - Song JY AD - Dominick P Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. FAU - Ye, Kenny AU - Ye K AD - Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. FAU - Zimmerman, Molly E AU - Zimmerman ME AD - Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA. FAU - Lipton, Richard B AU - Lipton RB AD - Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. AD - Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA. FAU - Daily, Johanna P AU - Daily JP AD - Department of Medicine (Infectious Disease), Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 NS123445/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240718 PL - England TA - Heliyon JT - Heliyon JID - 101672560 PMC - PMC11327499 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain OT - COVID-19 OT - MRI OT - Mild COVID-19 COIS- The authors declare that they have no known completing financial interest of personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/08/19 06:42 MHDA- 2024/08/19 06:43 PMCR- 2024/07/18 CRDT- 2024/08/19 05:21 PHST- 2024/04/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/19 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/19 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/19 05:21 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-8440(24)10795-5 [pii] AID - e34764 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34764 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Heliyon. 2024 Jul 18;10(15):e34764. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34764. eCollection 2024 Aug 15. PMID- 39156891 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240819 LR - 20260812 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - High serum prevalence of autoreactive IgG antibodies against peripheral nerve structures in patients with neurological post-COVID-19 vaccination syndrome. PG - 1404800 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1404800 [doi] LID - 1404800 AB - BACKGROUND: Patients suffering from neurological symptoms after COVID-19 vaccination (post-COVID-19 vaccination syndrome (PCVS)) have imposed an increasing challenge on medical practice, as diagnostic precision and therapeutic options are lacking. Underlying autoimmune dysfunctions, including autoantibodies, have been discussed in neurological disorders after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. Here, we describe the frequency and targets of autoantibodies against peripheral nervous system tissues in PCVS. METHODS: Sera from 50 PCVS patients with peripheral neurological symptoms after COVID-19 vaccination and 35 vaccinated healthy controls were used in this study. IgG autoreactivity was measured via indirect immunofluorescence assays on mouse sciatic nerve teased fibers. The frequencies of autoantibodies were compared between groups using Fisher's exact test. Serum anti-ganglioside antibodies were measured in ganglioside blots. Autoantibody target identification was performed using immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry. Subsequent target confirmation was conducted via cell-based assays and ELISA. RESULTS: Compared with controls, PCVS patients had a significantly greater frequency of autoantibodies against peripheral nervous system structures (9/50(18%) vs 1/35(3%); p=0.04). Autoantibodies bound to paranodes (n=5), axons (n=4), Schmidt-Lanterman incisures (n=2) and Schwann cell nuclei (n=1). Conversely, antibodies against gangliosides were absent in PCVS patients. Target identification and subsequent confirmation revealed various subunits of neurofilaments as well as DFS-70 as autoantibody epitopes. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that autoantibodies against nervous system tissue could be relevant in PCVS patients. Autoantibodies against neurofilaments and cell nuclei with so far non-established links to this disease spectrum should be further elucidated to determine their biomarker potential. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Arlt, Breuer, Trampenau, Boesl, Kirchner, Mertins, Sanchez-Sendin, Nasouti, Mayrhofer, Bluthner, Endres, Pruss and Franke. FAU - Arlt, Friederike A AU - Arlt FA AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Breuer, Ameli AU - Breuer A AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Trampenau, Elli AU - Trampenau E AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Boesl, Fabian AU - Boesl F AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Kirchner, Marieluise AU - Kirchner M AD - Core Unit Proteomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Mertins, Philipp AU - Mertins P AD - Core Unit Proteomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Sanchez-Sendin, Elisa AU - Sanchez-Sendin E AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Nasouti, Mahoor AU - Nasouti M AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Mayrhofer, Marie AU - Mayrhofer M AD - Department of Autoimmune Diagnostics, Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum (MVZ) Laboratory PD Dr. Volkmann & Colleagues, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Bluthner, Martin AU - Bluthner M AD - Department of Autoimmune Diagnostics, Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum (MVZ) Laboratory PD Dr. Volkmann & Colleagues, Karlsruhe, Germany. FAU - Endres, Matthias AU - Endres M AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (DZHK), Berlin, Germany. AD - Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Pruss, Harald AU - Pruss H AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Franke, Christiana AU - Franke C AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240802 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Autoantibodies) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Gangliosides) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Autoantibodies/immunology/blood MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Immunoglobulin G/immunology/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Aged MH - Mice MH - Animals MH - Adult MH - Vaccination MH - Gangliosides/immunology MH - Peripheral Nerves/immunology PMC - PMC11327052 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - DFS-70 OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - autoantibody OT - neurofilament autoantibodies OT - peripheral nerve OT - post-COVID-19 vaccination syndrome (PCVS) COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/08/19 06:42 MHDA- 2024/08/19 06:43 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/08/19 05:16 PHST- 2024/03/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/19 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/19 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/19 05:16 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1404800 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Aug 2;15:1404800. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1404800. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39143436 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241205 LR - 20261010 IS - 1439-0973 (Electronic) IS - 0300-8126 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Dec TI - Alzheimer's disease following COVID-19: a two player match? PG - 2547-2549 LID - 10.1007/s15010-024-02368-w [doi] AB - Common pathways may underlie the association between COVID-19 and risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We conjecture that severe COVID-19 may contribute to AD onset in predisposed individuals through aberrant MDSCs expression and increased IL-6 expression levels leading to immunosuppression in inflamed brains. Research studies are needed to gain empirical evidence to strengthen the hypothesis of the involvement of MDSCs and IL-6 in the formation of AD following COVID-19 infection and possibly vaccination enabling a more in-depth understanding of the role of immunosuppression in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases at any age. Identifying why those who get severe COVID-19 are more likely to develop AD may offer a novel therapeutic approach to delay or prevent cognitive decline. CI - (c) 2024. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Mormile, Raffaella AU - Mormile R AD - Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Moscati Hospital, Via A. Gramsci, Aversa, 81031, Italy. raffaellamormile@alice.it. FAU - Mormile, Cristina AU - Mormile C AD - Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Picone, Carmine AU - Picone C AD - Division of Radiology, "Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale-IRCCS di Napoli", Naples, Italy. AD - Department of Medicine and Health Science, Vincenzo Tiberio University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy. LA - eng PT - Letter DEP - 20240814 PL - Germany TA - Infection JT - Infection JID - 0365307 RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - *Alzheimer Disease MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Interleukin-6/metabolism MH - Brain/pathology/virology COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/08/15 00:42 MHDA- 2024/12/06 05:31 CRDT- 2024/08/14 23:32 PHST- 2024/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/06 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/15 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/14 23:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s15010-024-02368-w [pii] AID - 10.1007/s15010-024-02368-w [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Infection. 2024 Dec;52(6):2547-2549. doi: 10.1007/s15010-024-02368-w. Epub 2024 Aug 14. PMID- 39127451 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240920 LR - 20240920 IS - 1532-2742 (Electronic) IS - 0163-4453 (Linking) VI - 89 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Oct TI - Fourth dose bivalent COVID-19 vaccines outperform monovalent boosters in eliciting cross-reactive memory B cells to Omicron subvariants. PG - 106246 LID - S0163-4453(24)00180-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106246 [doi] AB - Bivalent COVID-19 vaccines comprising ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 (WH1) and the Omicron BA.1 or BA.5 subvariant elicit enhanced serum antibody responses to emerging Omicron subvariants. Here, we characterized the RBD-specific memory B cell (Bmem) response following a fourth dose with a BA.1 or BA.5 bivalent vaccine, in direct comparison with a WH1 monovalent fourth dose. Healthcare workers previously immunized with mRNA or adenoviral vector monovalent vaccines were sampled before and one month after a fourth dose with a monovalent or a BA.1 or BA.5 bivalent vaccine. Serum neutralizing antibodies (NAb) were quantified, as well as RBD-specific Bmem with an in-depth spectral flow cytometry panel including recombinant RBD proteins of the WH1, BA.1, BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5 variants. Both bivalent vaccines elicited higher NAb titers against Omicron subvariants compared to the monovalent vaccine. Following either vaccine type, recipients had slightly increased WH1 RBD-specific Bmem numbers. Both bivalent vaccines significantly increased WH1 RBD-specific Bmem binding of all Omicron subvariants tested by flow cytometry, while recognition of Omicron subvariants was not enhanced following monovalent vaccination. IgG1(+) Bmem dominated the response, with substantial IgG4(+) Bmem only detected in recipients of an mRNA vaccine for their primary dose. Thus, Omicron-based bivalent vaccines can significantly boost NAb and Bmem specific for ancestral WH1 and Omicron variants and improve recognition of descendent subvariants by pre-existing, WH1-specific Bmem beyond that of a monovalent vaccine. This provides new insights into the capacity of variant-based mRNA booster vaccines to improve immune memory against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and potentially protect against severe disease. ONE-SENTENCE SUMMARY: Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 bivalent COVID-19 boosters, used as a fourth dose, increase RBD-specific Bmem cross-recognition of Omicron subvariants, both those encoded by the vaccines and antigenically distinct subvariants, further than a monovalent booster. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Fryer, Holly A AU - Fryer HA AD - Dept. Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Geers, Daryl AU - Geers D AD - Dept. Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Gommers, Lennert AU - Gommers L AD - Dept. Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Zaeck, Luca M AU - Zaeck LM AD - Dept. Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Tan, Ngoc H AU - Tan NH AD - Dept. Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Jones-Freeman, Bernadette AU - Jones-Freeman B AD - Dept. Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Goorhuis, Abraham AU - Goorhuis A AD - Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Postma, Douwe F AU - Postma DF AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Visser, Leo G AU - Visser LG AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. FAU - Hogarth, P Mark AU - Hogarth PM AD - Dept. Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Koopmans, Marion P G AU - Koopmans MPG AD - Dept. Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H AU - GeurtsvanKessel CH AD - Dept. Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - O'Hehir, Robyn E AU - O'Hehir RE AD - Dept. Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - van der Kuy, P Hugo M AU - van der Kuy PHM AD - Dept. Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - de Vries, Rory D AU - de Vries RD AD - Dept. Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - van Zelm, Menno C AU - van Zelm MC AD - Dept. Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Dept. Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: m.vanzelm@erasmusmc.nl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240808 PL - England TA - J Infect JT - The Journal of infection JID - 7908424 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *Cross Reactions MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - Health Personnel OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adenoviral vector vaccine OT - Bivalent vaccine OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - MRNA vaccine OT - Memory B cells OT - Neutralizing antibodies COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest MCvZ, REO'H and PMH are inventors on a patent application related to this work. All the other authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/08/11 04:43 MHDA- 2024/09/21 13:19 CRDT- 2024/08/10 19:21 PHST- 2024/05/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/21 13:19 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/11 04:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/10 19:21 [entrez] AID - S0163-4453(24)00180-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106246 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect. 2024 Oct;89(4):106246. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106246. Epub 2024 Aug 8. PMID- 39122676 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240809 LR - 20260526 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Aug 9 TI - Atypical and non-classical CD45RB(lo) memory B cells are the majority of circulating SARS-CoV-2 specific B cells following mRNA vaccination or COVID-19. PG - 6811 LID - 10.1038/s41467-024-50997-4 [doi] LID - 6811 AB - Resting memory B cells can be divided into classical or atypical groups, but the heterogenous marker expression on activated memory B cells makes similar classification difficult. Here, by longitudinal analysis of mass cytometry and CITE-seq data from cohorts with COVID-19, bacterial sepsis, or BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, we observe that resting B cell memory consist of classical CD45RB(+) memory and CD45RB(lo) memory, of which the latter contains of two distinct groups of CD11c(+) atypical and CD23(+) non-classical memory cells. CD45RB levels remain stable in these cells after activation, thereby enabling the tracking of activated B cells and plasmablasts derived from either CD45RB(+) or CD45RB(lo) memory B cells. Moreover, in both COVID-19 patients and mRNA vaccination, CD45RB(lo) B cells formed the majority of SARS-CoV2 specific memory B cells and correlated with serum antibodies, while CD45RB(+) memory are activated by bacterial sepsis. Our results thus identify that stably expressed CD45RB levels can be exploited to trace resting memory B cells and their activated progeny, and suggest that atypical and non-classical CD45RB(lo) memory B cells contribute to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Priest, David G AU - Priest DG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0095-6718 AD - Laboratory of Human Single Cell Immunology, World Premier International Research Center Initiative Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 563-0793, Japan. FAU - Ebihara, Takeshi AU - Ebihara T AD - Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Tulyeu, Janyerkye AU - Tulyeu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1473-5561 AD - Human Single Cell Immunology Team, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Sondergaard, Jonas N AU - Sondergaard JN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4438-6756 AD - Human Single Cell Immunology Team, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Sakakibara, Shuhei AU - Sakakibara S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3157-5870 AD - Laboratory of Immune Regulation, IFReC, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 563-0793, Japan. AD - Graduate School of Medical Safety Management, Jikei University of Health Care Sciences, Osaka, 532-0003, Japan. FAU - Sugihara, Fuminori AU - Sugihara F AD - Core Instrumentation Facility, Immunology Frontier Research Center and Research Institute for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 563-0793, Japan. AD - Research Institute for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 563-0793, Japan. FAU - Nakao, Shunichiro AU - Nakao S AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Togami, Yuki AU - Togami Y AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Yoshimura, Jumpei AU - Yoshimura J AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Ito, Hiroshi AU - Ito H AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Onishi, Shinya AU - Onishi S AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Muratsu, Arisa AU - Muratsu A AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Mitsuyama, Yumi AU - Mitsuyama Y AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. AD - Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, 558-8558, Japan. FAU - Ogura, Hiroshi AU - Ogura H AD - Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Oda, Jun AU - Oda J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8254-3716 AD - Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Okusaki, Daisuke AU - Okusaki D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4552-783X AD - Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Genomics), WPI-IFReC, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan. AD - Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan. AD - Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan. FAU - Matsumoto, Hisatake AU - Matsumoto H AD - Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. h-matsumoto@hp-emerg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp. AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. h-matsumoto@hp-emerg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp. FAU - Wing, James B AU - Wing JB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3462-1003 AD - Laboratory of Human Single Cell Immunology, World Premier International Research Center Initiative Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 563-0793, Japan. jbwing@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp. AD - Human Single Cell Immunology Team, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. jbwing@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp. AD - Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS (CAMaD), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. jbwing@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp. LA - eng SI - GEO/GSE247488 GR - 2021 High-Risk Emerging Infectious Disease Research Gran/Takeda Science Foundation/ GR - JP223fa627002/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)/ GR - Osaka University Project for Infectious Disease Prevention/Nippon Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240809 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - EC 3.1.3.48 (Leukocyte Common Antigens) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *Leukocyte Common Antigens/metabolism MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - Male MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Adult MH - Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - mRNA Vaccines/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Aged PMC - PMC11315995 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/08/10 15:44 MHDA- 2024/08/10 15:45 PMCR- 2024/08/09 CRDT- 2024/08/09 23:14 PHST- 2023/11/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/10 15:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/10 15:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/09 23:14 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-024-50997-4 [pii] AID - 50997 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-024-50997-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 9;15(1):6811. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-50997-4. PMID- 39116861 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240808 LR - 20240808 IS - 0016-3813 (Print) IS - 0016-3813 (Linking) VI - 160 IP - 2 DP - 2024 TI - Contribution of memory T cells to the generation of long-lasting immunity against COVID-19. PG - 128-135 LID - 10.24875/GMM.M24000878 [doi] AB - Humans are exposed every day to innumerable external stimuli, both environmental and microbial. Immunological memory recalls each specific stimulus and mounts a secondary response that is faster and of a larger magnitude than the primary response; this process constitutes the basis for vaccine development. The COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique opportunity to study the development of immune memory against an emergent microorganism. Memory T cells have an important role in the resolution of COVID-19, and they are key pillars of immunological memory. In this review, we summarize the main findings regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory T cells after infection, after vaccination, and after the combination of these two events ("hybrid immunity"), and analyze how these cells can contribute to long-term protection against the infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants. CI - Copyright: (c) 2024 Permanyer. FAU - Torres-Flores, Alejandro AU - Torres-Flores A AD - Medical Research Unit in Immunochemistry, High Specialty Medical Unit, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Siglo XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security. AD - Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Sciences, Instituto Politecnico Nacional. Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Wong-Baeza, Isabel AU - Wong-Baeza I AD - Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Sciences, Instituto Politecnico Nacional. Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Lopez-Macias, Constantino AU - Lopez-Macias C AD - Medical Research Unit in Immunochemistry, High Specialty Medical Unit, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Siglo XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review TT - Contribucion de las celulas T de memoria en la generacion de inmunidad de larga duracion contra COVID-19. PL - Mexico TA - Gac Med Mex JT - Gaceta medica de Mexico JID - 0010333 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Celulas T OT - Immunological memory OT - Memoria inmunologica OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells EDAT- 2024/08/09 00:43 MHDA- 2024/08/09 00:44 CRDT- 2024/08/08 18:33 PHST- 2024/08/09 00:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/09 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/08 18:33 [entrez] AID - j160/2/128 [pii] AID - 10.24875/GMM.M24000878 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gac Med Mex. 2024;160(2):128-135. doi: 10.24875/GMM.M24000878. PMID- 39097927 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240830 LR - 20250121 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 43 IP - 8 DP - 2024 Aug 27 TI - Immunity against conserved epitopes dominates after two consecutive exposures to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1. PG - 114567 LID - S2211-1247(24)00896-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114567 [doi] AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exposure histories become increasingly complex through original and variant-adapted vaccines and infections with viral variants. Upon exposure to the highly altered Omicron spike glycoprotein, pre-immunized individuals predominantly mount recall responses of Wuhan-Hu-1 (wild-type)-imprinted memory B (B(MEM)) cells mostly targeting conserved non-neutralizing epitopes, leading to diminished Omicron neutralization. We investigated the impact of imprinting in individuals double/triple vaccinated with a wild-type-strain-based mRNA vaccine who, thereafter, had two consecutive exposures to Omicron BA.1 spike (breakthrough infection followed by BA.1-adapted vaccine). We found that depletion of conserved epitope-recognizing antibodies using a wild-type spike bait results in strongly diminished BA.1 neutralization. Furthermore, spike-specific B(MEM) cells recognizing conserved epitopes are much more prevalent than BA.1-specific B(MEM) cells. Our observations suggest that imprinted B(MEM) cell recall responses limit the induction of strain-specific responses even after two consecutive BA.1 spike exposures. Vaccine adaptation strategies need to consider that prior SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccinations may cause persistent immune imprinting. CI - Copyright (c) 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Muik, Alexander AU - Muik A AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Quandt, Jasmin AU - Quandt J AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Lui, Bonny Gaby AU - Lui BG AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Bacher, Maren AU - Bacher M AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Lutz, Sebastian AU - Lutz S AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Grunenthal, Maika AU - Grunenthal M AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Toker, Aras AU - Toker A AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Grosser, Jessica AU - Grosser J AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Ozhelvaci, Orkun AU - Ozhelvaci O AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Blokhina, Olga AU - Blokhina O AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Shpyro, Svetlana AU - Shpyro S AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Vogler, Isabel AU - Vogler I AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Salisch, Nadine AU - Salisch N AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Tureci, Ozlem AU - Tureci O AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany; HI-TRON - Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology Mainz by DKFZ, Obere Zahlbacherstr. 63, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Sahin, Ugur AU - Sahin U AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany; TRON gGmbH - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Freiligrathstrasse 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. Electronic address: ugur.sahin@biontech.de. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05004181 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240803 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Epitopes/immunology MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Memory B Cells/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - CP: Immunology OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - breakthrough infection OT - immune imprinting OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibody OT - original antigenic sin COIS- Declaration of interests U.S. and O.T. are management board members and employees at BioNTech SE. A.M., B.G.L., J.Q., M.B., S.L., M.G., A.T., J.G., I.V., O.B., S.S., N.S., and O.O. are employees at BioNTech SE. U.S., O.T., and A.M. are inventors on patents and patent applications related to RNA technology and COVID-19 vaccines. U.S., O.T., A.M., B.G.L., J.Q., M.B., S.L., A.T., M.G., J.G., I.V., O.B., S.S., N.S., and O.O. have securities from BioNTech SE. EDAT- 2024/08/04 18:42 MHDA- 2024/08/31 09:51 CRDT- 2024/08/04 13:30 PHST- 2024/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:51 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/04 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/04 13:30 [entrez] AID - S2211-1247(24)00896-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114567 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2024 Aug 27;43(8):114567. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114567. Epub 2024 Aug 3. PMID- 39095276 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240913 LR - 20250904 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 25 DP - 2024 Nov 14 TI - Immunization-related stress and stress-related responses of mucosal versus intramuscular COVID-19 vaccination among adults in China. PG - 126150 LID - S0264-410X(24)00811-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.051 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: In late 2022, China became the first country to roll out mucosal COVID-19 vaccines. No prior study has yet compared the immunization stress-related responses (ISRR) among different routes of COVID-19 vaccine delivery. We aimed to compare the immunization-related psychological stress and ISRR between mucosal and intramuscular COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey using a biopsychosocial framework design was performed from January 11 to 20, 2023. Adults with COVID-19 vaccination were eligible for the study, and a total of 1073 adults participated with community-based sample. Primary outcomes were the psychological stress levels and prevalence of ISRR. Multivariate regression models were employed to compare these outcomes between the two vaccination groups. The potential mediating effects of stress on vaccination and ISRR were examined using bootstrap sampling method. To further ensure the robustness of our results, sensitivity analysis with propensity score matching was performed. FINDINGS: In the univariate analysis, participants who received mucosal vaccination reported significantly lower stress levels compared to those who received intramuscular vaccination (3.39 +/- 3.02 vs. 3.93 +/- 3.24, P = .006). The prevalence of overall ISRR was significantly lower in the mucosal group compared to the intramuscular group (38.4% vs. 47.9%, P = .002). Multivariate regression models revealed that participants who received mucosal vaccination had a significantly lower stress level (beta = -0.516, 95% CI: -0.852 to -0.180; P = .003) and 38.7% fewer overall ISRR (OR = 0.613, 95% CI: 0.427 to 0.881; P = .008), particularly in terms of neurological symptoms. The immunization-related stress mediated the association between vaccination type and ISRR, with indirect effects estimated at 0.0663 (95% CI: 0.0195 to 0.1346) for overall ISRR. CONCLUSIONS: Mucosal COVID-19 vaccination was associated with reduced psychological stress and physical responses, as compared to intramuscular vaccination, which may contribute to increased trust and compliance with routine or mass vaccination efforts in the future. CI - Copyright (c) 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Jiang, Minghuan AU - Jiang M AD - Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Haijun AU - Zhang H AD - Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA; International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA. FAU - Yao, Xuelin AU - Yao X AD - Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. FAU - Wang, Yang AU - Wang Y AD - China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Lai, Xiaozhen AU - Lai X AD - Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China; Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Fang, Hai AU - Fang H AD - China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Health Science Center - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Joint Research Center for Vaccine Economics, Beijing, China. Electronic address: hfang@hsc.pku.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240801 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - Injections, Intramuscular MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - *Stress, Psychological MH - Vaccination/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Administration, Mucosal MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Immunization-related stress OT - Intramuscular vaccination OT - Mucosal vaccination COIS- Declaration of competing interest Authors declare no conflict of interests. EDAT- 2024/08/03 10:42 MHDA- 2024/09/14 10:43 CRDT- 2024/08/02 21:54 PHST- 2023/07/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/14 10:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/03 10:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/02 21:54 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(24)00811-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.051 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2024 Nov 14;42(25):126150. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.051. Epub 2024 Aug 1. PMID- 39085605 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240814 LR - 20260416 IS - 1476-4687 (Electronic) IS - 0028-0836 (Print) IS - 0028-0836 (Linking) VI - 632 IP - 8025 DP - 2024 Aug TI - Immunological memory diversity in the human upper airway. PG - 630-636 LID - 10.1038/s41586-024-07748-8 [doi] AB - The upper airway is an important site of infection, but immune memory in the human upper airway is poorly understood, with implications for COVID-19 and many other human diseases(1-4). Here we demonstrate that nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs can be used to obtain insights into these challenging problems, and define distinct immune cell populations, including antigen-specific memory B cells and T cells, in two adjacent anatomical sites in the upper airway. Upper airway immune cell populations seemed stable over time in healthy adults undergoing monthly swabs for more than 1 year, and prominent tissue resident memory T (T(RM)) cell and B (B(RM)) cell populations were defined. Unexpectedly, germinal centre cells were identified consistently in many nasopharyngeal swabs. In subjects with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections, local virus-specific B(RM) cells, plasma cells and germinal centre B cells were identified, with evidence of local priming and an enrichment of IgA(+) memory B cells in upper airway compartments compared with blood. Local plasma cell populations were identified with transcriptional profiles of longevity. Local virus-specific memory CD4(+) T(RM) cells and CD8(+) T(RM) cells were identified, with diverse additional virus-specific T cells. Age-dependent upper airway immunological shifts were observed. These findings provide new understanding of immune memory at a principal mucosal barrier tissue in humans. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Ramirez, Sydney I AU - Ramirez SI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7166-5195 AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Faraji, Farhoud AU - Faraji F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5078-813X AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Hills, L Benjamin AU - Hills LB AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Lopez, Paul G AU - Lopez PG AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Goodwin, Benjamin AU - Goodwin B AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Stacey, Hannah D AU - Stacey HD AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Sutton, Henry J AU - Sutton HJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6472-7116 AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Hastie, Kathryn M AU - Hastie KM AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Saphire, Erica Ollmann AU - Saphire EO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1206-7451 AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Kim, Hyun Jik AU - Kim HJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8631-928X AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Mashoof, Sara AU - Mashoof S AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Yan, Carol H AU - Yan CH AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - DeConde, Adam S AU - DeConde AS AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Levi, Gina AU - Levi G AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6484-6262 AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. shane@lji.org. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. shane@lji.org. LA - eng GR - T32 AI007036/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20240731 PL - England TA - Nature JT - Nature JID - 0410462 RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) SB - IM EIN - Nature. 2025 Jan;637(8045):E20. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-08519-1. PMID: 39681658 MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/cytology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/cytology MH - COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - Germinal Center/immunology/cytology MH - Immunoglobulin A/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *Nasal Mucosa/immunology/virology MH - *Nasopharynx/virology/immunology MH - Plasma Cells/immunology/cytology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology PMC - PMC11895801 MID - NIHMS2051242 COIS- Competing interests S.C. has consulted for GSK, JP Morgan, Citi, Morgan Stanley, Avalia NZ, Nutcracker Therapeutics, University of California, California State Universities, United Airlines, Adagio, Sanofi and Roche. LJI has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. The other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/08/01 00:42 MHDA- 2024/08/15 00:41 PMCR- 2025/03/11 CRDT- 2024/07/31 23:38 PHST- 2023/12/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/15 00:41 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/01 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/31 23:38 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41586-024-07748-8 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41586-024-07748-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nature. 2024 Aug;632(8025):630-636. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07748-8. Epub 2024 Jul 31. PMID- 39066428 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240729 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 7 DP - 2024 Jul 18 TI - Clinical and Diagnostic Features of Post-Acute COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome (PACVS). LID - 10.3390/vaccines12070790 [doi] LID - 790 AB - Post-acute COVID-19 vaccination syndrome (PACVS) is a chronic disease triggered by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (estimated prevalence 0.02%). PACVS is discriminated from the normal post-vaccination state by altered receptor antibodies, most notably angiotensin II type 1 and alpha-2B adrenergic receptor antibodies. Here, we investigate the clinical phenotype using a study registry encompassing 191 PACVS-affected persons (159 females/32 males; median ages: 39/42 years). Unbiased clustering (modified Jaccard index) of reported symptoms revealed a prevalent cross-cohort symptomatology of malaise and chronic fatigue (>80% of cases). Overlapping clusters of (i) peripheral nerve dysfunction, dysesthesia, motor weakness, pain, and vasomotor dysfunction; (ii) cardiovascular impairment; and (iii) cognitive impairment, headache, and visual and acoustic dysfunctions were also frequently represented. Notable abnormalities of standard serum markers encompassing increased interleukins 6 and 8 (>80%), low free tri-iodine thyroxine (>80%), IgG subclass imbalances (>50%), impaired iron storage (>50%), and increased soluble neurofilament light chains (>30%) were not associated with specific symptoms. Based on these data, 131/191 participants fit myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and simultaneously also several other established dysautonomia syndromes. Furthermore, 31/191 participants fit none of these syndromes. In conclusion, PACVS could either be an outlier of ME/CFS or a dysautonomia syndrome sui generis. FAU - Mundorf, Anna Katharina AU - Mundorf AK AD - Central Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Dusseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Semmler, Amelie AU - Semmler A AD - Central Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Dusseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Heidecke, Harald AU - Heidecke H AD - CellTrend GmbH, 14943 Luckenwalde, Germany. FAU - Schott, Matthias AU - Schott M AD - Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Dusseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Steffen, Falk AU - Steffen F AD - Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (RMN2), Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Bittner, Stefan AU - Bittner S AD - Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (RMN2), Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Lackner, Karl J AU - Lackner KJ AD - University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Schulze-Bosse, Karin AU - Schulze-Bosse K AD - Central Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Dusseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Pawlitzki, Marc AU - Pawlitzki M AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Meuth, Sven Guenther AU - Meuth SG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2571-3501 AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Klawonn, Frank AU - Klawonn F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9613-182X AD - Biostatistics Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. AD - Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University, 38302 Wolfenbuttel, Germany. FAU - Ruhrlander, Jana AU - Ruhrlander J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9537-8138 AD - Selbsthilfegruppe Post-Vac-Syndrom Deutschland e.V., 34121 Kassel, Germany. FAU - Boege, Fritz AU - Boege F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0780-1033 AD - Central Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Dusseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240718 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC11281408 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PACVS OT - cognitive impairment OT - interleukin-6 OT - interleukin-8 OT - malaise/chronic fatigue OT - peripheral nerve dysfunction OT - post-acute COVID-19 vaccination syndrome COIS- Harald Heidecke is co-owner and chief executive officer of CellTrend GmbH, Luckenwalde, Germany. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2024/07/27 10:46 MHDA- 2024/07/27 10:47 PMCR- 2024/07/18 CRDT- 2024/07/27 01:31 PHST- 2024/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/27 10:47 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/27 10:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/27 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines12070790 [pii] AID - vaccines-12-00790 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines12070790 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Jul 18;12(7):790. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12070790. PMID- 39066374 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240729 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 7 DP - 2024 Jul 3 TI - Long-Lasting Enhanced Cytokine Responses Following SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination. LID - 10.3390/vaccines12070736 [doi] LID - 736 AB - The mRNA vaccine against COVID-19 protects against severe disease by the induction of robust humoral and cellular responses. Recent studies have shown the capacity of some vaccines to induce enduring non-specific innate immune responses by the induction of trained immunity, augmenting protection against unrelated pathogens. This study aimed to assess whether the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 can induce lasting non-specific immune responses in myeloid cells following a three-dose vaccination scheme. In a sample size consisting of 20 healthy individuals from Romania, we assessed inflammatory proteins using the Olink((R)) Target 96 Inflammation panel, as well as ex vivo cytokine responses following stimulations with unrelated PRR ligands. We assessed the vaccine-induced non-specific systemic inflammation and functional adaptations of myeloid cells. Our results revealed the induction of a stimulus- and cytokine-dependent innate immune memory phenotype that became apparent after the booster dose and was maintained eight months later in the absence of systemic inflammation. FAU - Cabau, Georgiana AU - Cabau G AD - Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Badii, Medeea AU - Badii M AD - Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud UMC, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Mirea, Andreea M AU - Mirea AM AD - Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Gaal, Orsolya I AU - Gaal OI AD - Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud UMC, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - van Emst, Liesbeth AU - van Emst L AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud UMC, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Popp, Radu A AU - Popp RA AD - Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Crisan, Tania O AU - Crisan TO AD - Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud UMC, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Joosten, Leo A B AU - Joosten LAB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6166-9830 AD - Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud UMC, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands. LA - eng GR - PNRR-III-C9-2022-I8, CF 85 / 15.11.2022/Romania's National Recovery and Resilience Plan grant of the Romanian Ministry of Investments and European Projects/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240703 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC11281652 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cytokine responses OT - inflammatory responses OT - innate immune memory OT - mRNA vaccine OT - proteomics COIS- L.A.B.J. is the scientific founder of Trained Therapeutix Discovery and Lemba Therapeutics. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/07/27 10:45 MHDA- 2024/07/27 10:46 PMCR- 2024/07/03 CRDT- 2024/07/27 01:31 PHST- 2024/05/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/27 10:46 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/27 10:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/27 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines12070736 [pii] AID - vaccines-12-00736 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines12070736 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Jul 3;12(7):736. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12070736. PMID- 39062549 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240727 LR - 20260923 IS - 2218-273X (Electronic) IS - 2218-273X (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2024 Jul 11 TI - Interplay between Comorbidities and Long COVID: Challenges and Multidisciplinary Approaches. LID - 10.3390/biom14070835 [doi] LID - 835 AB - Long COVID, a name often given to the persistent symptoms following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, poses a multifaceted challenge for health. This review explores the intrinsic relationship between comorbidities and autoimmune responses in shaping the trajectory of long COVID. Autoantibodies have emerged as significant players in COVID-19 pathophysiology, with implications for disease severity and progression. Studies show immune dysregulation persisting months after infection, marked by activated innate immune cells and high cytokine levels. The presence of autoantibodies against various autoantigens suggests their potential as comorbid factors in long COVID. Additionally, the formation of immune complexes may lead to severe disease progression, highlighting the urgency for early detection and intervention. Furthermore, long COVID is highly linked to cardiovascular complications and neurological symptoms, posing challenges in diagnosis and management. Multidisciplinary approaches, including vaccination, tailored rehabilitation, and pharmacological interventions, are used for mitigating long COVID's burden. However, numerous challenges persist, from evolving diagnostic criteria to addressing the psychosocial impact and predicting disease outcomes. Leveraging AI-based applications holds promise in enhancing patient management and improving our understanding of long COVID. As research continues to unfold, unravelling the complexities of long COVID remains paramount for effective intervention and patient care. FAU - Ashmawy, Rasha AU - Ashmawy R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2689-5968 AD - Clinical Research Administration, Directorate of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health and Population, Alexandria 21554, Egypt. AD - Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt. FAU - Hammouda, Esraa Abdellatif AU - Hammouda EA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3269-6623 AD - Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt. AD - Clinical Research Department, El-Raml Pediatric Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Alexandria 21563, Egypt. FAU - El-Maradny, Yousra A AU - El-Maradny YA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9501-8059 AD - Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Center, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt. AD - Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), El-Alamein Campus, Aswan 51718, Egypt. FAU - Aboelsaad, Iman AU - Aboelsaad I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9412-1668 AD - Clinical Research Administration, Directorate of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health and Population, Alexandria 21554, Egypt. FAU - Hussein, Mai AU - Hussein M AD - Clinical Research Administration, Directorate of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health and Population, Alexandria 21554, Egypt. FAU - Uversky, Vladimir N AU - Uversky VN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4037-5857 AD - Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. FAU - Redwan, Elrashdy M AU - Redwan EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8246-0075 AD - Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. AD - Therapeutic and Protective Proteins Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg EL-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240711 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomolecules JT - Biomolecules JID - 101596414 RN - 0 (Autoantibodies) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/immunology MH - *Comorbidity MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Autoantibodies/immunology PMC - PMC11275036 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - autoantibodies OT - comorbidities OT - interplay OT - long COVID OT - synergistic effects COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/07/27 10:46 MHDA- 2024/07/28 14:52 PMCR- 2024/07/11 CRDT- 2024/07/27 01:09 PHST- 2024/05/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/28 14:52 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/27 10:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/27 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biom14070835 [pii] AID - biomolecules-14-00835 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biom14070835 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomolecules. 2024 Jul 11;14(7):835. doi: 10.3390/biom14070835. PMID- 39052732 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240725 LR - 20250721 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Print) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) VI - 230 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jul 25 TI - Deficient Generation of Spike-Specific Long-Lived Plasma Cells in the Bone Marrow After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection. PG - e30-e33 LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiad603 [doi] AB - Generation of a stable long-lived plasma cell (LLPC) population is the sine qua non of durable antibody responses after vaccination or infection. We studied 20 individuals with a prior coronavirus disease 2019 infection and characterized the antibody response using bone marrow aspiration and plasma samples. We noted deficient generation of spike-specific LLPCs in the bone marrow after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Furthermore, while the regression model explained 98% of the observed variance in anti-tetanus immunoglobulin G levels based on LLPC enzyme-linked immunospot assay, we were unable to fit the same model with anti-spike antibodies, again pointing to the lack of LLPC contribution to circulating anti-spike antibodies. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. FAU - Tehrani, Zahra R AU - Tehrani ZR AD - Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Habibzadeh, Parham AU - Habibzadeh P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2086-0425 AD - Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Flinko, Robin AU - Flinko R AD - Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Chen, Hegang AU - Chen H AD - Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Abbasi, Abdolrahim AU - Abbasi A AD - Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Yared, Jean A AU - Yared JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5346-6299 AD - University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Ciupe, Stanca M AU - Ciupe SM AD - Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. FAU - Lewis, George K AU - Lewis GK AD - Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Sajadi, Mohammad M AU - Sajadi MM AD - Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. AD - Baltimore VA Medical Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. LA - eng GR - I01 BX005469/BX/BLRD VA/United States GR - 2R56AI110259-06/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - 1UL1TR003098/National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences Clinical Translational Science Award/ GR - P01 AI162242/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - BX005469-01/US Department of Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development Service/ GR - TL1 TR003100/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI124912/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR003098/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *Plasma Cells/immunology MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - *Bone Marrow/virology MH - Adult MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Aged PMC - PMC11272043 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - humoral immunity OT - immunological memory OT - plasma cells COIS- Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. EDAT- 2024/07/26 12:46 MHDA- 2024/07/26 12:47 PMCR- 2024/02/14 CRDT- 2024/07/25 14:03 PHST- 2023/06/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/26 12:47 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/26 12:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/25 14:03 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 7720868 [pii] AID - jiad603 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiad603 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Dis. 2024 Jul 25;230(1):e30-e33. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad603. PMID- 39049686 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250422 LR - 20260717 IS - 1398-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0105-4538 (Print) IS - 0105-4538 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Feb TI - Anti-TNF therapy impairs both short- and long-term IgG responses after repeated vaccination. PG - 423-439 LID - 10.1111/all.16241 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Recently, it has been questioned whether vaccination of patients with inflammatory (auto)immune diseases under anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment leads to impaired vaccine-induced immune responses and protection against breakthrough infections. However, the effects of TNF blockade on short- and long-term immune responses after repeated vaccination remain unclear. Vaccination studies have shown that initial short-term IgG antibodies (Abs) carry highly galactosylated and sialylated Fc glycans, whilst long-term IgG Abs have low levels of galactosylation and sialylation and are most likely generated by long-lived plasma cells (PCs) derived primarily from the germinal center (GC) response. Thus, IgG Fc glycosylation patterns may be applicable to distinguish short- and long-term vaccine responses after repeated vaccination under the influence of anti-TNF treatment. METHODS: We used COVID-19 vaccination as a model to investigate vaccine-induced IgG subclass levels and Fc glycosylation patterns, B cell subsets, and effector functions of short- and long-term Ab responses after up to three vaccinations in patients on anti-TNF or other immunosuppressive treatments and in healthy individuals. Using TriNetX, a global healthcare database, we determined the risk of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated patients treated with anti-TNF or other immunosuppressive drugs. RESULTS: Anti-TNF treatment reduced the long-term abundance of all anti-S IgG subclasses with low levels of galactosylation and sialylation. Re-activation of potential memory B cells initially generated highly galactosylated and sialylated IgG antibodies, which were progressively reduced after each booster dose in anti-TNF-treated patients, especially in the elderly. The reduced short- and long-term IgG (1) levels in anti-TNF-treated patients correlated with diminished functional activity and an increased risk for the development of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that anti-TNF treatment reduces both GC-dependent long-lived PCs and GC-dependent memory B cell-derived short-lived PCs, hence both the long- and short-term IgG subclass responses, respectively, after repeated vaccination. We propose that anti-TNF therapy, especially in the elderly, reduces the benefit of booster vaccination. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Buhre, Jana Sophia AU - Buhre JS AD - Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lubeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Pongracz, Tamas AU - Pongracz T AD - Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. FAU - Geisen, Ulf Martin AU - Geisen UM AD - Medical Department 1, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Schubert, Mareike AU - Schubert M AD - Laboratory of Anti-viral antibody-omics, TWINCORE-Institute for Experimental Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI) and Medical School Hannover (MHH), Hannover, Germany. FAU - Wang, Wenjun AU - Wang W AD - Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. FAU - Nouta, Jan AU - Nouta J AD - Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. FAU - Obara, Maureen AU - Obara M AD - Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Lehrian, Selina AU - Lehrian S AD - Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lubeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Rahmoller, Johann AU - Rahmoller J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5683-4181 AD - Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lubeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Petry, Janina AU - Petry J AD - Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lubeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Tran, Florian AU - Tran F AD - Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. AD - Department for Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Schreiber, Stefan AU - Schreiber S AD - Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. AD - Department for Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Sumbul, Melike AU - Sumbul M AD - Department for Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Berner, Dennis AU - Berner D AD - Medical Department 1, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Gerdes, Sascha AU - Gerdes S AD - Department for Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Schirmer, Jan AU - Schirmer J AD - Medical Department 1, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Longardt, Ann Carolin AU - Longardt AC AD - Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Hoff, Paula AU - Hoff P AD - Department of Rheumatology, Endokrinologikum-Gruppe, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Kalinke, Ulrich AU - Kalinke U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0503-9564 AD - Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Ludwig, Ralf J AU - Ludwig RJ AD - Lubeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany. AD - Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Bartsch, Yannic C AU - Bartsch YC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3844-3056 AD - Laboratory of Anti-viral antibody-omics, TWINCORE-Institute for Experimental Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI) and Medical School Hannover (MHH), Hannover, Germany. FAU - Hoyer, Bimba F AU - Hoyer BF AD - Medical Department 1, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Wuhrer, Manfred AU - Wuhrer M AD - Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. FAU - Ehlers, Marc AU - Ehlers M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5383-8603 AD - Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lubeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. AD - Airway Research Center North (ARCN), University of Lubeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lubeck, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240725 PL - Denmark TA - Allergy JT - Allergy JID - 7804028 RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunoglobulin G/immunology/blood MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Adult MH - Glycosylation MH - Aged MH - Vaccination MH - *Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC11804311 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - IgG OT - IgG glycosylation OT - IgG4 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - TriNetX OT - antibody OT - anti-TNF treatment OT - germinal center OT - inflammatory diseases OT - long-lived plasma cell OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cell OT - short-lived plasma cell OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/07/26 12:39 MHDA- 2025/02/07 12:26 PMCR- 2025/02/07 CRDT- 2024/07/25 03:43 PHST- 2024/04/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/10/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/07 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/26 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/25 03:43 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ALL16241 [pii] AID - 10.1111/all.16241 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Allergy. 2025 Feb;80(2):423-439. doi: 10.1111/all.16241. Epub 2024 Jul 25. PMID- 39036987 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241115 LR - 20260925 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Print) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) VI - 230 IP - 5 DP - 2024 Nov 15 TI - SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody Treatment Followed by Vaccination Shifts Human Memory B-Cell Epitope Recognition, Suggesting Antibody Feedback. PG - 1187-1196 LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiae371 [doi] AB - Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been studied in humans, but the impact on immune memory of mAb treatment during an ongoing infection remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of infusion of the anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) mAb bamlanivimab on memory B cells (MBCs) in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. Bamlanivimab treatment skewed the repertoire of MBCs targeting spike toward non-RBD epitopes. Furthermore, the relative affinity of RBD MBCs was weaker in mAb-treated individuals compared to placebo-treated individuals over time. Subsequently, after mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination, MBC differences persisted and mapped to a specific reduction in recognition of the class II RBD site, the same RBD epitope recognized by bamlanivimab. These findings indicate a substantial role of antibody feedback in regulating MBC responses to infection, and single mAb administration can continue to impact MBC responses to additional antigen exposures months later. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Bloom, Nathaniel AU - Bloom N AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology. FAU - Ramirez, Sydney I AU - Ramirez SI AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla. FAU - Cohn, Hallie AU - Cohn H AD - Department of Microbiology. AD - Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. FAU - Parikh, Urvi M AU - Parikh UM AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania. FAU - Heaps, Amy AU - Heaps A AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania. FAU - Sieg, Scott F AU - Sieg SF AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio. FAU - Greninger, Alex AU - Greninger A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7443-0527 AD - Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Ritz, Justin AU - Ritz J AD - Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Moser, Carlee AU - Moser C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5601-9112 AD - Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Eron, Joseph J AU - Eron JJ AD - Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine. FAU - Bajic, Goran AU - Bajic G AD - Department of Microbiology. FAU - Currier, Judith S AU - Currier JS AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. FAU - Klekotka, Paul AU - Klekotka P AD - Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego. FAU - Wohl, David A AU - Wohl DA AD - Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine. FAU - Daar, Eric S AU - Daar ES AD - Lundquist Institute at Harbor, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance. FAU - Li, Jonathan AU - Li J AD - Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Hughes, Michael D AU - Hughes MD AD - Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Chew, Kara W AU - Chew KW AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. FAU - Smith, Davey M AU - Smith DM AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla. FAU - Coelho, Camila H AU - Coelho CH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7885-9996 AD - Department of Microbiology. AD - Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. AD - Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. CN - Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines-2/A5401 (ACTIV-2/A5401) Study Team LA - eng GR - UM1 AI069423/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R25 AI147376/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069424/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069481/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - AI142742/Collaborative Center for Human Immunology/ GR - U01 AI068636/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00065/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069463/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 CA267776/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - A. P. Giannini Foundation/ GR - U54CA267776/NIH Faculty Institutional Recruitment for Sustainable Transformation/ GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/ GR - T32 AI007036/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI069463/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069432/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069412/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068634/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00065/GF/NIH HHS/United States GR - La Jolla Institute for Immunology institutional funds/ GR - U01 AI069424/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Clinical Trial, Phase II PT - Clinical Trial, Phase III PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 45I6OFJ8QH (bamlanivimab) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2023 Nov 22:2023.11.21.567575. doi: 10.1101/2023.11.21.567575. PMID: 38045374 MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *Vaccination MH - *Feedback, Physiological MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing PMC - PMC11566236 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - bamlanivimab OT - mAb therapy OT - memory B cells COIS- Potential conflicts of interest. S. C. has consulted for GSK, JP Morgan, Citi, Morgan Stanley, Avalia NZ, Nutcracker Therapeutics, University of California, California State Universities, United Airlines, Adagio, Sanofi, and Roche. J. S. C. has consulted for Merck and Company. P. K. is an employee and shareholder of Eli Lilly and Company. K. W. C. has consulted for Pardes Biosciences. D. M. S. has consulted for and has equity stake in Linear Therapies, Model Medicines, and Vx Biosciences and has consulted for Bayer, Kiadis, Signant Health, and Brio Clinical. All other authors report no potential conflicts of interest. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. FIR - Hosey, Lara IR - Hosey L FIR - Roa, Jhoanna IR - Roa J FIR - Patel, Nilam IR - Patel N FIR - Erhardt, Bill IR - Erhardt B FIR - Adams, Stacey IR - Adams S EDAT- 2024/07/22 12:44 MHDA- 2024/11/16 09:59 PMCR- 2025/07/22 CRDT- 2024/07/22 06:53 PHST- 2024/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/16 09:59 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/22 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/22 06:53 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 7717844 [pii] AID - jiae371 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiae371 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Dis. 2024 Nov 15;230(5):1187-1196. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae371. PMID- 39013656 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240716 LR - 20250204 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2024 Jul 16 TI - Comparing COVID-19 vaccination coverage, adverse reactions and impact of social determinants of health on vaccine hesitancy in ADRD/MCI and non-ADRD/MCI population: protocol for a retrospective cross-sectional study. PG - e082988 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082988 [doi] LID - e082988 AB - INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for vulnerable people with underlying chronic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). These individuals face unique challenges, including higher risk of COVID-19, difficulties in adopting preventive behaviours and vaccine hesitancy due to concerns about adverse reactions. Therefore, efforts to promote vaccination, including boosters tailored to the currently circulating virus, are essential for people with ADRD/MCI. OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose of this study protocol is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 vaccination coverage and adverse reactions among individuals with ADRD/MCI in comparison to those without ADRD/MCI. Additionally, the proposed study aims to investigate the impact of social determinants of health on COVID-19 vaccination and vaccine hesitancy in individuals with ADRD/MCI. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A retrospective cross-sectional study will be conducted utilising data from the All of Us (AoU) Researcher Workbench. Relevant data fields are extracted from sources including demographic information, COVID-19 Vaccine Survey, Basic Survey, Health Access & Utilization, Social Determinants of Health, and Electronic Health Record (EHR) data. Data on vaccination, adverse reactions and vaccine hesitancy will be collected through COVID-19 vaccine survey questionnaires. Propensity score matching and binary logistic regression will be applied to assess the vaccination rates and vaccine hesitancy, while controlling for demographic characteristics and social determinants of health factors. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study protocol received approval from the Institutional Review Board at Florida State University (STUDY00004571). Results will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Yang, Yijiong AU - Yang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6644-4179 AD - College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA yijiongyang@gmail.com. FAU - Park, Hyejin AU - Park H AD - College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. FAU - Li, Chengdong AU - Li C AD - College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. FAU - Song, Dan AU - Song D AD - College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. FAU - Wang, Jing AU - Wang J AD - College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240716 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology/psychology MH - *Vaccination Hesitancy/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Social Determinants of Health MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination Coverage/statistics & numerical data MH - Cognitive Dysfunction/prevention & control MH - Alzheimer Disease/psychology MH - Dementia/psychology MH - Research Design MH - Male MH - Female PMC - PMC11253747 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Chronic Disease OT - Dementia OT - GERIATRIC MEDICINE OT - PUBLIC HEALTH COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2024/07/17 00:41 MHDA- 2024/07/17 00:42 PMCR- 2024/07/16 CRDT- 2024/07/16 21:53 PHST- 2024/07/17 00:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/17 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/16 21:53 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2023-082988 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082988 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2024 Jul 16;14(7):e082988. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082988. PMID- 39003594 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240902 LR - 20260413 IS - 1398-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0105-4538 (Linking) VI - 79 IP - 9 DP - 2024 Sep TI - Differential decline of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody levels, innate and adaptive immune cells, and shift of Th1/inflammatory to Th2 serum cytokine levels long after first COVID-19. PG - 2482-2501 LID - 10.1111/all.16210 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 has triggered a pandemic and contributes to long-lasting morbidity. Several studies have investigated immediate cellular and humoral immune responses during acute infection. However, little is known about long-term effects of COVID-19 on the immune system. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal investigation of cellular and humoral immune parameters in 106 non-vaccinated subjects ten weeks (10 w) and ten months (10 m) after their first SARS-CoV-2 infection. Peripheral blood immune cells were analyzed by multiparametric flow cytometry, serum cytokines were examined by multiplex technology. Antibodies specific for the Spike protein (S), the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the nucleocapsid protein (NC) were determined. All parameters measured 10 w and 10 m after infection were compared with those of a matched, noninfected control group (n = 98). RESULTS: Whole blood flow cytometric analyses revealed that 10 m after COVID-19, convalescent patients compared to controls had reduced absolute granulocyte, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts, involving T, B, and NK cells, in particular CD3(+)CD45RA(+)CD62L(+)CD31(+) recent thymic emigrant T cells and non-class-switched CD19(+)IgD(+)CD27(+) memory B cells. Cellular changes were associated with a reversal from Th1- to Th2-dominated serum cytokine patterns. Strong declines of NC- and S-specific antibody levels were associated with younger age (by 10.3 years, p < .01) and fewer CD3(-)CD56(+) NK and CD19(+)CD27(+) B memory cells. Changes of T-cell subsets at 10 m such as normalization of effector and Treg numbers, decline of RTE, and increase of central memory T cell numbers were independent of antibody decline pattern. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 causes long-term reduction of innate and adaptive immune cells which is associated with a Th2 serum cytokine profile. This may provide an immunological mechanism for long-term sequelae after COVID-19. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Kratzer, Bernhard AU - Kratzer B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1091-4327 AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Gattinger, Pia AU - Gattinger P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6724-8543 AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Trapin, Doris AU - Trapin D AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Ettel, Paul AU - Ettel P AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kormoczi, Ulrike AU - Kormoczi U AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Rottal, Arno AU - Rottal A AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Stieger, Robert B AU - Stieger RB AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-3117-5880 AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Sehgal, Al Nasar Ahmed AU - Sehgal ANA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-5543-2920 AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Feichter, Melanie AU - Feichter M AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Borochova, Kristina AU - Borochova K AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Tulaeva, Inna AU - Tulaeva I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5825-2687 AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Laboratory for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia. FAU - Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina AU - Grabmeier-Pfistershammer K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0665-5414 AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Tauber, Peter A AU - Tauber PA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1784-1602 AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Perkmann, Thomas AU - Perkmann T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7976-0285 AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Fae, Ingrid AU - Fae I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7698-5526 AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Wenda, Sabine AU - Wenda S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0387-6601 AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kundi, Michael AU - Kundi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2707-3213 AD - Center for Public Health, Department for Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Fischer, Gottfried F AU - Fischer GF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3442-3680 AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Valenta, Rudolf AU - Valenta R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5944-3365 AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Laboratory for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia. AD - NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia. AD - Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria. FAU - Pickl, Winfried F AU - Pickl WF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0430-4952 AD - Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240714 PL - Denmark TA - Allergy JT - Allergy JID - 7804028 RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/blood MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Male MH - *Cytokines/blood MH - Female MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Th2 Cells/immunology MH - *Adaptive Immunity/immunology MH - Adult MH - *Immunity, Innate MH - *Th1 Cells/immunology/metabolism MH - Aged MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD19+CD27+ B memory cells OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Th1/Th2 cytokine shift OT - leukopenia OT - long-term effect OT - recent thymic emigrants OT - specific antibody decline EDAT- 2024/07/14 12:44 MHDA- 2024/09/02 18:41 CRDT- 2024/07/14 10:33 PHST- 2024/05/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/02 18:41 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/14 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/14 10:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/all.16210 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Allergy. 2024 Sep;79(9):2482-2501. doi: 10.1111/all.16210. Epub 2024 Jul 14. PMID- 38978145 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240709 LR - 20260327 IS - 2072-1315 (Electronic) IS - 1606-0997 (Print) IS - 1606-0997 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jul 8 TI - Epidemiological characteristics of first-time SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection among hospital staff in Chengdu, China. PG - 104 LID - 10.1186/s41043-024-00595-3 [doi] LID - 104 AB - BACKGROUND: After China ended its 'dynamic zero-COVID policy' on 7 December 2022, a large-scale outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections emerged across the country. We conducted a hospital-wide prospective study to document the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak among healthcare workers in a hospital of Chengdu, where no previous staff SARS-CoV-2 infections were detected. METHODS: All hospital staff members were invited to complete an online questionnaire on COVID-19 in January 2023, and SARS-CoV-2 infection cases were followed up by telephone in June 2023 to collect data on long COVID. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: A total of 2,899 hospital staff (93.5%) completed the online questionnaire, and 86.4% were infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron. The clinical manifestations of these patients were characterized by a high incidence of systemic symptoms. Cough (83.4%), fatigue (79.8%) and fever (74.3%) were the most frequently reported symptoms. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that females [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-1.88] and clinical practitioners (aOR: 10.32, 95% CI: 6.57-16.20) were associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, whereas advanced age >/= 60 years (aOR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.19-0.49) and a three-dose COVID-19 vaccination with the most recent dose administered within 3 months before 7 December 2022 (aOR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.23-0.87 for within 1 month; aOR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.22-0.97 for within 1-3 months) were associated with reduced risk. Among the cases, 4.27% experienced long COVID of fatigue, brain fog or both, with the majority reporting minor symptoms. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide a snapshot of the epidemiological situation of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in Chengdu after China's deregulation of COVID-19 control. Data in the study can aid in the development and implementation of effective measures to protect healthcare workers and maintain the integrity of healthcare systems during challenging times such as a rapid and widespread Omicron outbreak. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Tang, Li AU - Tang L AD - Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China. FAU - Wang, Yeyuan AU - Wang Y AD - School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China. FAU - Li, Xue AU - Li X AD - School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China. FAU - Yang, Liu AU - Yang L AD - Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China. FAU - Luo, Yingjuan AU - Luo Y AD - Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China. FAU - Li, Chunrong AU - Li C AD - Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China. FAU - He, Yulei AU - He Y AD - Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China. 48533259@qq.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240708 PL - Bangladesh TA - J Health Popul Nutr JT - Journal of health, population, and nutrition JID - 100959228 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - China/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Personnel, Hospital/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Incidence MH - Disease Outbreaks MH - Risk Factors MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC11232323 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Associated factors OT - COVID-19 OT - China OT - Incidence OT - Omicron OT - Symptoms COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/07/09 00:42 MHDA- 2024/07/09 06:42 PMCR- 2024/07/08 CRDT- 2024/07/08 23:53 PHST- 2024/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/09 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/09 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/08 23:53 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41043-024-00595-3 [pii] AID - 595 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41043-024-00595-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Health Popul Nutr. 2024 Jul 8;43(1):104. doi: 10.1186/s41043-024-00595-3. PMID- 38958179 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250214 LR - 20260922 IS - 1537-7385 (Electronic) IS - 0894-9115 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Mar 1 TI - Symptoms Patterns and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Real-Life Cohort of Long-COVID Patients: Complexity to Optimize Rehabilitation Treatment. PG - 231-235 LID - 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002578 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: We wanted to identify prevalent symptoms and patterns of long-COVID syndrome, assess the impact on health-related quality of life, and explore factors linked to lower quality of life, including vaccination status and symptom count, in a real-life cohort. DESIGN: This is an observational retrospective study. RESULTS: We assessed 133 patients and 85 completed the evaluations. The most common symptoms reported were motor deficit (95.29%) and fatigue (94.12%), while respiratory symptoms, cognitive deficits, and weakness (76.47%) were less frequent. Many patients experienced multiple symptoms, with the majority reporting 5-8 symptoms simultaneously, most associated with fatigue. However, the number of symptoms did not correlate with health-related quality of life as measured by the 12-Item Short Form Survey questionnaire. Finally, vaccination status did not significantly affect 12-Item Short Form Survey scores or the number of reported symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis highlighted the presence of diverse multisystemic symptoms in long-COVID patients. Many individuals experienced multiple associated symptoms, negatively affecting their overall quality of life. Neither vaccination status nor the number of symptoms appeared to influence reported quality of life. This emphasizes the need for a comprehensive, early, and multidisciplinary approach to address the syndrome's diverse symptoms. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Maccarone, Maria Chiara AU - Maccarone MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2793-1334 AD - From the Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (MCM, DC, SM); and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation School, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (GR, SM). FAU - Coraci, Daniele AU - Coraci D FAU - Regazzo, Gianluca AU - Regazzo G FAU - Masiero, Stefano AU - Masiero S LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240827 PL - United States TA - Am J Phys Med Rehabil JT - American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation JID - 8803677 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Quality of Life MH - Female MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *COVID-19/rehabilitation/complications/psychology/physiopathology MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Fatigue MH - Adult MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Aged, 80 and over COIS- Financial disclosure statements have been obtained, and no conflicts of interest have been reported by the authors or by any individuals in control of the content of this article. EDAT- 2024/07/03 13:19 MHDA- 2025/02/14 06:21 CRDT- 2024/07/03 07:03 PHST- 2025/02/14 06:21 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/03 13:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/03 07:03 [entrez] AID - 00002060-990000000-00545 [pii] AID - 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002578 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2025 Mar 1;104(3):231-235. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002578. Epub 2024 Aug 27. PMID- 38932404 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260922 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jun 18 TI - An Overview of the Strategies to Boost SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immunity in People with Inborn Errors of Immunity. LID - 10.3390/vaccines12060675 [doi] LID - 675 AB - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has heightened concerns about immunological protection, especially for individuals with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). While COVID-19 vaccines elicit strong immune responses in healthy individuals, their effectiveness in IEI patients remains unclear, particularly against new viral variants and vaccine formulations. This uncertainty has led to anxiety, prolonged self-isolation, and repeated vaccinations with uncertain benefits among IEI patients. Despite some level of immune response from vaccination, the definition of protective immunity in IEI individuals is still unknown. Given their susceptibility to severe COVID-19, strategies such as immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) and monoclonal antibodies have been employed to provide passive immunity, and protection against both current and emerging variants. This review examines the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines and antibody-based therapies in IEI patients, their capacity to recognize viral variants, and the necessary advances required for the ongoing protection of people with IEIs. FAU - Chang-Rabley, Emma AU - Chang-Rabley E AD - The Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - van Zelm, Menno C AU - van Zelm MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4161-1919 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia. AD - The Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. AD - Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Ricotta, Emily E AU - Ricotta EE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9928-8275 AD - The Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniform Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. FAU - Edwards, Emily S J AU - Edwards ESJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0240-4370 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia. AD - The Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies in Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. LA - eng GR - AIFA2022/Allergy and Immunology Foundation of Australasia/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240618 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC11209597 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody therapies OT - breakthrough infections OT - immune memory OT - inborn errors of immunity COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Neither the authors nor their family members have financial interest in any commercial product, service, or organization providing financial support for this research. The opinions and assertions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, the National Institutes of Health, the US Department of Health and Human Services, or the US Department of Defense. References to non-Federal entities or products do not constitute or imply a Department of Defense or Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences endorsement. This work was prepared by a military or civilian employee of the US Government as part of the individual's official duties and therefore is in the public domain and does not possess copyright protection (public domain information may be freely distributed and copied; however, as a courtesy it is requested that the Uniformed Services University and the author be given an appropriate acknowledgement). EDAT- 2024/06/27 06:43 MHDA- 2024/06/27 06:44 PMCR- 2024/06/18 CRDT- 2024/06/27 01:28 PHST- 2024/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/27 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/27 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/27 01:28 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines12060675 [pii] AID - vaccines-12-00675 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines12060675 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Jun 18;12(6):675. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12060675. PMID- 38932397 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240629 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jun 17 TI - Factors Related to Caregivers' Intention to Vaccinate Their Elderly Family Members with Major Neurocognitive Disorders against COVID-19. LID - 10.3390/vaccines12060668 [doi] LID - 668 AB - Vaccination helps reduce the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in elderly individuals with major neurocognitive disorders (MNDs). However, some caregivers are hesitant to have their elderly family members with MNDs vaccinated against COVID-19. This study explored the factors influencing caregivers' intentions to vaccinate elderly family members with MNDs against COVID-19. A total of 232 caregivers of elderly family members with MNDs participated in this study. In this survey, data regarding COVID-19 vaccination acceptance, fear, side effects, family members' attitudes toward vaccination, mental health status, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and cognitive impairments were collected from the elderly participants with MNDs. The associations between these variables and the caregivers' intention to vaccinate their elderly family members with MNDs against COVID-19 were examined using a multivariable linear regression analysis model. The results revealed that caregivers' perceived familial support for vaccination, the perceived value of vaccination, and autonomy to vaccinate elder family members were positively correlated with caregivers' intention to vaccinate elderly family members with MNDs, whereas elderly family members' age was negatively correlated with caregiver intentions. This study demonstrated that caregiver factors (perceived familial support, value of vaccination, and autonomy) and elderly family members' age were correlated with caregiver intention. These factors should be considered in developing interventions to enhance caregivers' intentions to vaccinate their elderly family members with MNDs against COVID-19. FAU - Huang, Mei-Feng AU - Huang MF AD - Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan. AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. FAU - Yeh, Yi-Chun AU - Yeh YC AD - Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan. AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. FAU - Liu, Tai-Ling AU - Liu TL AD - Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan. AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. FAU - Hsiao, Ray C AU - Hsiao RC AD - Department of Psychiatry, Seattle Children's, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. FAU - Chen, Cheng-Sheng AU - Chen CS AD - Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan. AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. FAU - Yen, Cheng-Fang AU - Yen CF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1156-4939 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan. AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. AD - College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240617 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC11209509 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - caregiver OT - major neurocognitive disorder OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/06/27 06:42 MHDA- 2024/06/27 06:43 PMCR- 2024/06/17 CRDT- 2024/06/27 01:28 PHST- 2024/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/27 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/27 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/27 01:28 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines12060668 [pii] AID - vaccines-12-00668 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines12060668 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Jun 17;12(6):668. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12060668. PMID- 38931912 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250206 IS - 1999-4923 (Print) IS - 1999-4923 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4923 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jun 11 TI - Evaluation of Novel Nasal Mucoadhesive Nanoformulations Containing Lipid-Soluble EGCG for Long COVID Treatment. LID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060791 [doi] LID - 791 AB - Following recovery from the acute infection stage of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19), survivors can experience a wide range of persistent Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), also referred to as long COVID. According to the US National Research Action Plan on Long COVID 2022, up to 23.7 million Americans suffer from long COVID, and approximately one million workers may be out of the workforce each day due to these symptoms, leading to a USD 50 billion annual loss of salary. Neurological symptoms associated with long COVID result from persistent infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the nasal neuroepithelial cells, leading to inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). As of today, there is no evidence that vaccines or medications can clear the persistent viral infection in olfactory mucosa. Recently published clinical data demonstrate that only 5% of long COVID anosmia patients have fully recovered during the past 2 years, and 10.4% of COVID patients are still symptomatic 18 months post-infection. Our group demonstrated that epigallocatechin-3-gallate-monopalmitate (EC16m) nanoformulations possess strong antiviral activity against human coronavirus, suggesting that this green-tea-derived compound in nanoparticle formulations could be developed as an intranasally delivered new drug targeting the persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as inflammation and oxidative stress in the CNS, leading to restoration of neurologic functions. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the mucociliary safety of the EC16m nasal nanoformulations and their efficacy against human coronavirus. METHODS: Nanoparticle size and Zeta potential were measured using the ZetaView Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis system; mucociliary safety was determined using the MucilAir human nasal model; contact antiviral activity and post-infection inhibition against the OC43 viral strain were assessed by the TCID50 assay for cytopathic effect on MRC-5 cells. RESULTS: The saline-based EC16 mucoadhesive nanoformulations containing 0.005 to 0.02% w/v EC16m have no significant difference compared to saline (0.9% NaCl) with respect to tissue integrity, cytotoxicity, and cilia beat frequency. A 5 min contact resulted in 99.9% inactivation of beta-coronavirus OC43. OC43 viral replication was inhibited by >90% after infected MRC-5 cells were treated with the formulations. CONCLUSION: The saline-based novel EC16m mucoadhesive nasal nanoformulations rapidly inactivated human coronavirus with mucociliary safety properties comparable to saline, a solution widely used for nasal applications. FAU - Frank, Nicolette AU - Frank N AD - Department of Oral Biology & Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. FAU - Dickinson, Douglas AU - Dickinson D AD - Camellix Research Laboratory, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. FAU - Lovett, Garrison AU - Lovett G AD - Department of Oral Biology & Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. FAU - Liu, Yutao AU - Liu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2870-4504 AD - Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. FAU - Yu, Hongfang AU - Yu H AD - Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. FAU - Cai, Jingwen AU - Cai J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3146-3812 AD - Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. FAU - Yao, Bo AU - Yao B AD - Hangzhou Shanju Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310030, China. FAU - Jiang, Xiaocui AU - Jiang X AD - Hangzhou Shanju Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310030, China. FAU - Hsu, Stephen AU - Hsu S AD - Department of Oral Biology & Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. AD - Camellix Research Laboratory, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. LA - eng GR - R41 DC020678/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States GR - 1R41DC020678-01/GF/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240611 PL - Switzerland TA - Pharmaceutics JT - Pharmaceutics JID - 101534003 PMC - PMC11206978 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EC16 OT - EGCG-palmitate OT - long COVID OT - nanoformulations OT - nasal drug OT - respiratory virus COIS- B.Y. and X. J. are associated with the manufacturer that supplies EC16m to Camellix, LLC. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/06/27 06:43 MHDA- 2024/06/27 06:44 PMCR- 2024/06/11 CRDT- 2024/06/27 01:25 PHST- 2024/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/27 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/27 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/27 01:25 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pharmaceutics16060791 [pii] AID - pharmaceutics-16-00791 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060791 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pharmaceutics. 2024 Jun 11;16(6):791. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060791. PMID- 38927455 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240629 IS - 2227-9059 (Print) IS - 2227-9059 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9059 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jun 4 TI - The Impact of COVID-19 on the Guillain-Barre Syndrome Incidence. LID - 10.3390/biomedicines12061248 [doi] LID - 1248 AB - Despite the fact that the global COVID-19 pandemic has officially ended, we continue to feel its effects and discover new correlations between SARS-CoV-2 infection and changes in the organism that have occurred in patients. It has been shown that the disease can be associated with a variety of complications, including disorders of the nervous system such as a characteristic loss of smell and taste, as well as less commonly reported incidents such as cranial polyneuropathy or neuromuscular disorders. Nervous system diseases that are suspected to be related to COVID-19 include Guillain-Barre syndrome, which is frequently caused by viruses. During the course of the disease, autoimmunity destroys peripheral nerves, which despite its rare occurrence, can lead to serious consequences, such as symmetrical muscle weakness and deep reflexes, or even their complete abolition. Since the beginning of the pandemic, case reports suggesting a relationship between these two disease entities have been published, and in some countries, the increasing number of Guillain-Barre syndrome cases have also been reported. This suggests that previous contact with SARS-CoV-2 may have had an impact on their occurrence. This article is a review and summary of the literature that raises awareness of the neurological symptoms' prevalence, including Guillain-Barre syndrome, which may be impacted by the commonly occurring COVID-19 disease or vaccination against it. The aim of this review was to better understand the mechanisms of the virus's action on the nervous system, allowing for better detection and the prevention of its complications. FAU - Kopanko, Magdalena AU - Kopanko M AD - Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Zabludowska, Magdalena AU - Zabludowska M AD - Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Zajkowska, Monika AU - Zajkowska M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5179-0722 AD - Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Gudowska-Sawczuk, Monika AU - Gudowska-Sawczuk M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4854-7155 AD - Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Mucha, Mateusz AU - Mucha M AD - Department of Oncological Surgery with Specialized Cancer Treatment Units, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Oncology Center, 15-027 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Mroczko, Barbara AU - Mroczko B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4075-8479 AD - Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland. AD - Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland. LA - eng GR - B.SUB.24.517/Medical University of Bialystok/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240604 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomedicines JT - Biomedicines JID - 101691304 PMC - PMC11201746 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Guillain-Barre syndrome OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - neurological disorder OT - viral infection COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/06/27 06:43 MHDA- 2024/06/27 06:44 PMCR- 2024/06/04 CRDT- 2024/06/27 01:02 PHST- 2024/03/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/27 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/27 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/27 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biomedicines12061248 [pii] AID - biomedicines-12-01248 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biomedicines12061248 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomedicines. 2024 Jun 4;12(6):1248. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12061248. PMID- 38918610 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240704 LR - 20261010 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 7 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Vaccination prevents cognitive impairment after breakthrough infection with SARS-CoV-2. PG - 1136-1137 LID - 10.1038/s41590-024-01869-y [doi] LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - COVID-19 breakthrough infections SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/prevention & control/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *Vaccination MH - Breakthrough Infections EDAT- 2024/06/26 00:42 MHDA- 2024/07/05 00:42 CRDT- 2024/06/25 23:42 PHST- 2024/07/05 00:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/26 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/25 23:42 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41590-024-01869-y [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-024-01869-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2024 Jul;25(7):1136-1137. doi: 10.1038/s41590-024-01869-y. PMID- 38918517 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240823 LR - 20240823 IS - 2397-3374 (Electronic) IS - 2397-3374 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 8 DP - 2024 Aug TI - Short- and long-term neuropsychiatric outcomes in long COVID in South Korea and Japan. PG - 1530-1544 LID - 10.1038/s41562-024-01895-8 [doi] AB - We investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with short- and long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae. We used population-based cohorts from the Korean nationwide cohort (discovery; n = 10,027,506) and the Japanese claims-based cohort (validation; n = 12,218,680) to estimate the short-term (<30 days) and long-term (>/=30 days) risks of neuropsychiatric outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with general population groups or external comparators (people with another respiratory infection). Using exposure-driven propensity score matching, we found that both the short- and long-term risks of developing neuropsychiatric sequelae were elevated in the discovery cohort compared with the general population and those with another respiratory infection. A range of conditions including Guillain-Barre syndrome, cognitive deficit, insomnia, anxiety disorder, encephalitis, ischaemic stroke and mood disorder exhibited a pronounced increase in long-term risk. Factors such as mild severity of COVID-19, increased vaccination against COVID-19 and heterologous vaccination were associated with reduced long-term risk of adverse neuropsychiatric outcomes. The time attenuation effect was the strongest during the first six months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and this risk remained statistically significant for up to one year in Korea but beyond one year in Japan. The associations observed were replicated in the validation cohort. Our findings contribute to the growing evidence base on long COVID by considering ethnic diversity. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Kim, Sunyoung AU - Kim S AD - Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Hayeon AU - Lee H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-2403-6241 AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea. wwhy28@khu.ac.kr. AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. wwhy28@khu.ac.kr. FAU - Lee, Jinseok AU - Lee J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8580-490X AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Seung Won AU - Lee SW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5632-5208 AD - Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea. FAU - Kwon, Rosie AU - Kwon R AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Min Seo AU - Kim MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2115-7835 AD - Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. FAU - Koyanagi, Ai AU - Koyanagi A AD - Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Smith, Lee AU - Smith L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5340-9833 AD - Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Fond, Guillaume AU - Fond G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3249-2030 AD - Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France. FAU - Boyer, Laurent AU - Boyer L AD - Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France. FAU - Rahmati, Masoud AU - Rahmati M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4792-027X AD - Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France. AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran. AD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran. FAU - Lopez Sanchez, Guillermo F AU - Lopez Sanchez GF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9897-5273 AD - Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. FAU - Dragioti, Elena AU - Dragioti E AD - Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. AD - Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families and Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. FAU - Cortese, Samuele AU - Cortese S AD - Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. AD - Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. AD - Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK. AD - Child Study Center, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, NYU Langone, New York, NY, USA. AD - Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy. FAU - Shin, Ju-Young AU - Shin JY AD - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. FAU - Choi, Ahhyung AU - Choi A AD - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. FAU - Suh, Hae Sun AU - Suh HS AD - Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Institute of Regulatory Innovation through Science, Kyung Hee University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Sunmi AU - Lee S AD - Department of Applied Mathematics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea. FAU - Solmi, Marco AU - Solmi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4877-7233 AD - Department of Psychiatry, SCIENCES lab, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. AD - On Track: The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. AD - Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charite Universitatsmedizin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Min, Chanyang AU - Min C AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Shin, Jae Il AU - Shin JI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2326-1820 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. SHINJI@yuhs.ac. AD - Severance Underwood Meta-Research Center, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea. SHINJI@yuhs.ac. FAU - Yon, Dong Keon AU - Yon DK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1628-9948 AD - Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. yonkkang@gmail.com. AD - Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea. yonkkang@gmail.com. AD - Institute of Regulatory Innovation through Science, Kyung Hee University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, South Korea. yonkkang@gmail.com. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. yonkkang@gmail.com. FAU - Fusar-Poli, Paolo AU - Fusar-Poli P AD - Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. AD - Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - Outreach and Support in South-London Service, South London and Maudlsey NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, Munich, Germany. LA - eng GR - RS-2023-00248157/National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)/ GR - HI22C1976/Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)/ GR - 21153MFDS601/Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240625 PL - England TA - Nat Hum Behav JT - Nature human behaviour JID - 101697750 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/psychology MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Japan/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Cohort Studies MH - Mental Disorders/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2024/06/26 00:42 MHDA- 2024/08/24 16:42 CRDT- 2024/06/25 23:36 PHST- 2023/06/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/24 16:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/26 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/25 23:36 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41562-024-01895-8 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41562-024-01895-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Hum Behav. 2024 Aug;8(8):1530-1544. doi: 10.1038/s41562-024-01895-8. Epub 2024 Jun 25. PMID- 38906414 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240712 LR - 20241030 IS - 1872-7905 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1759 (Linking) VI - 531 DP - 2024 Aug TI - Strategies to determine positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory T lymphocyte response during the evolution of an epidemic. PG - 113712 LID - S0022-1759(24)00097-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113712 [doi] AB - During SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the assessment of immune protection of people at risk of severe infection was an important goal. The appearance of VOCs (Variant of Concern) highlighted the limits of evaluating immune protection through the humoral response. While the humoral response partly loses its neutralizing activity, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory T cell response strongly cross protects against VOCs becoming an indispensable tool to assess immune protection. We compared two techniques available in laboratory to evaluate anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory T cell response in a cohort of infected or vaccinated patients with different levels of risk to develop a severe disease: the ELISpot assay and the T-Cell Lymphocyte Proliferation Assay respectively exploring IFNgamma production and cell proliferation. We showed that the ELISpot assay detected more anti-Spike memory T cell response than the Lymphocyte Proliferation Assay. We next observed that the use of two different suppliers as antigenic source in the ELISpot assay did not affect the detection of anti-Spike memory T cell response. Finally, we explored a new approach for defining the positivity threshold, using unsupervised mixed Gaussian modeling, challenging the traditional ROC curve used by the supplier. That will be helpful in endemic situation where it could be difficult to recruit "negative" patients. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Nel, Isabelle AU - Nel I AD - Immunology Department, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France; University Paris Cite, INSERM U976, France. FAU - Ithayakumar, Ajeeva AU - Ithayakumar A AD - Immunology Department, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Blumenthal, Noemie AU - Blumenthal N AD - Immunology Department, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Duneton, Charlotte AU - Duneton C AD - Immunology Department, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France; University Paris Cite, INSERM U976, France; Pediatric Nephrology Department, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Khourouj, Valerie Guerin-El AU - Khourouj VG AD - Immunology Department, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Viala, Jerome AU - Viala J AD - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Dollfus, Catherine AU - Dollfus C AD - Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Trousseau Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Baudouin, Veronique AU - Baudouin V AD - Pediatric Nephrology Department, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Guilmin-Crepon, Sophie AU - Guilmin-Crepon S AD - Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Inserm CIC-EC 1426, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Theodorou, Ioannis AU - Theodorou I AD - Immunology Department, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Carcelain, Guislaine AU - Carcelain G AD - Immunology Department, Robert-Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France; University Paris Cite, INSERM U976, France. Electronic address: guislaine.carcelain@aphp.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240619 PL - Netherlands TA - J Immunol Methods JT - Journal of immunological methods JID - 1305440 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/epidemiology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Cell Proliferation MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Interferon-gamma/immunology/metabolism MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory T cell response OT - IFNgamma-ELISpot assay OT - Lymphocyte proliferation assay OT - Unsupervised mixed Gaussian modeling COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/06/22 05:43 MHDA- 2024/07/13 07:41 CRDT- 2024/06/21 19:28 PHST- 2023/12/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/13 07:41 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/22 05:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/21 19:28 [entrez] AID - S0022-1759(24)00097-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113712 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Immunol Methods. 2024 Aug;531:113712. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113712. Epub 2024 Jun 19. PMID- 38905326 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240621 LR - 20260924 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 96 DP - 2024 Jun 21 TI - SARS-CoV-2 inflammation durably imprints memory CD4 T cells. PG - eadj8526 LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj8526 [doi] AB - Memory CD4 T cells are critical to human immunity, yet it is unclear whether viral inflammation during memory formation has long-term consequences. Here, we compared transcriptional and epigenetic landscapes of Spike (S)-specific memory CD4 T cells in 24 individuals whose first exposure to S was via SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccination. Nearly 2 years after memory formation, S-specific CD4 T cells established by infection remained enriched for transcripts related to cytotoxicity and for interferon-stimulated genes, likely because of a chromatin accessibility landscape altered by inflammation. Moreover, S-specific CD4 T cells primed by infection had reduced proliferative capacity in vitro relative to vaccine-primed cells. Furthermore, the transcriptional state of S-specific memory CD4 T cells was minimally altered by booster immunization and/or breakthrough infection. Thus, infection-associated inflammation durably imprints CD4 T cell memory, which affects the function of these cells and may have consequences for long-term immunity. FAU - Gray-Gaillard, Sophie L AU - Gray-Gaillard SL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4884-5956 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Solis, Sabrina M AU - Solis SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1653-1570 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Chen, Han M AU - Chen HM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8124-5792 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Monteiro, Clarice AU - Monteiro C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9910-0594 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Ciabattoni, Grace AU - Ciabattoni G AD - Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Samanovic, Marie I AU - Samanovic MI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6987-2232 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Cornelius, Amber R AU - Cornelius AR AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Williams, Tijaana AU - Williams T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-7337-8116 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Geesey, Emilie AU - Geesey E AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-8753-6118 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Rodriguez, Miguel AU - Rodriguez M AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Ortigoza, Mila Brum AU - Ortigoza MB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9428-1469 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Ivanova, Ellie N AU - Ivanova EN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1850-9505 AD - Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Koralov, Sergei B AU - Koralov SB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4843-3791 AD - Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Mulligan, Mark J AU - Mulligan MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7262-9746 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Herati, Ramin Sedaghat AU - Herati RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2613-4050 AD - Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. LA - eng GR - UL1 TR001445/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA016087/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL125816/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI082630/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI110830/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00014/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI137752/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI148574/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI158617/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K08 AI141759/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240621 PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2023 May 22:2022.11.15.516351. doi: 10.1101/2022.11.15.516351. PMID: 36415470 EIN - Sci Immunol. 2024 Aug 16;9(98):eadr9665. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adr9665. PMID: 39151021 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - *Inflammation/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology PMC - PMC11824880 MID - NIHMS2049518 EDAT- 2024/06/21 18:43 MHDA- 2024/06/21 18:44 PMCR- 2025/02/13 CRDT- 2024/06/21 14:02 PHST- 2024/06/21 18:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/21 18:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/21 14:02 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj8526 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2024 Jun 21;9(96):eadj8526. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj8526. Epub 2024 Jun 21. PMID- 38902860 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250228 LR - 20260923 IS - 1534-6080 (Electronic) IS - 0041-1337 (Print) IS - 0041-1337 (Linking) VI - 108 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec 1 TI - Repeated COVID-19 Vaccination Drives Memory T- and B-cell Responses in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Results From a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - 2420-2433 LID - 10.1097/TP.0000000000005119 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Insight into cellular immune responses to COVID-19 vaccinations is crucial for optimizing booster programs in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). METHODS: In an immunologic substudy of a multicenter randomized controlled trial (NCT05030974) investigating different repeated vaccination strategies in KTR who showed poor serological responses after 2 or 3 doses of an messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccine, we compared SARS-CoV-2-specific interleukin-21 memory T-cell and B-cell responses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assays and serum IgG antibody levels. Patients were randomized to receive: a single dose of mRNA-1273 (100 mug, n = 25), a double dose of mRNA-1273 (2 x 100 mug, n = 25), or a single dose of adenovirus type 26 encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (Ad26.COV2.S) (n = 25). In parallel, we also examined responses in 50 KTR receiving 100 mug mRNA-1273, randomized to continue (n = 25) or discontinue (n = 25) mycophenolate mofetil/mycophenolic acid. As a reference, the data were compared with KTR who received 2 primary mRNA-1273 vaccinations. RESULTS: Repeated vaccination increased the seroconversion rate from 21% to 66% in all patients, which was strongly associated with enhanced levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific interleukin-21 memory T cells (odd ratio, 3.84 [1.89-7.78]; P < 0.001) and B cells (odd ratio, 35.93 [6.94-186.04]; P < 0.001). There were no significant differences observed in these responses among various vaccination strategies. In contrast to KTR vaccinated with 2 primary vaccinations, the number of antigen-specific memory B cells demonstrated potential for classifying seroconversion after repeated vaccination (area under the curve, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.90; P = 0.26 and area under the curve, 0.95; confidence interval, 0.87-0.97; P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our study emphasizes the importance of virus-specific memory T- and B-cell responses for comprehensive understanding of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy among KTR. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Malahe, S Reshwan K AU - Malahe SRK AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - den Hartog, Yvette AU - den Hartog Y AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Rietdijk, Wim J R AU - Rietdijk WJR AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - van Baarle, Debbie AU - van Baarle D AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Virology and Immunology Research Group, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - de Kuiper, Ronella AU - de Kuiper R AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Reijerkerk, Derek AU - Reijerkerk D AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Ras, Alicia M AU - Ras AM AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Geers, Daryl AU - Geers D AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Diavatopoulos, Dimitri A AU - Diavatopoulos DA AD - Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. AD - Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. FAU - Messchendorp, A Lianne AU - Messchendorp AL AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FAU - van der Molen, Renate G AU - van der Molen RG AD - Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. FAU - Imhof, Celine AU - Imhof C AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Frolke, Sophie C AU - Frolke SC AD - Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Renal Transplant Unit, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Bemelman, Frederike J AU - Bemelman FJ AD - Renal Transplant Unit, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Gansevoort, Ron T AU - Gansevoort RT AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Hilbrands, Luuk B AU - Hilbrands LB AD - Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. FAU - Sanders, Jan-Stephan F AU - Sanders JF AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FAU - GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H AU - GeurtsvanKessel CH AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Kho, Marcia M L AU - Kho MML AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - de Vries, Rory D AU - de Vries RD AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Reinders, Marlies E J AU - Reinders MEJ AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Baan, Carla C AU - Baan CC AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. CN - On behalf of RECOVAC Consortium LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05030974 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20241121 PL - United States TA - Transplantation JT - Transplantation JID - 0132144 RN - MKM3CA6LT1 (Interleukin-21) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Interleukins) RN - EPK39PL4R4 (2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects MH - Male MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Adult MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Immunization, Secondary/methods MH - Aged MH - Interleukin-21 MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology MH - Interleukins/immunology MH - 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273/administration & dosage MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - Vaccination/methods MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Immunosuppressive Agents MH - Transplant Recipients MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood PMC - PMC11581438 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. FIR - Abrahams, Alferso C IR - Abrahams AC IRAD- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. FIR - Baas, Marije C IR - Baas MC IRAD- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. FIR - Bouwmans, Pim IR - Bouwmans P IRAD- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Maastricht University Medical Center and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands. FIR - Ten Dam, Marc A G J IR - Ten Dam MAGJ IRAD- Dutch Registry RENINE, Nefrovisie, Utrecht, the Netherlands. FIR - Gommers, Lennert IR - Gommers L IRAD- Department Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FIR - Standaar, Dorien IR - Standaar D IRAD- Renal Transplant Unit, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FIR - van der Heiden, Marieke IR - van der Heiden M IRAD- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FIR - Adema, Yvonne M R IR - Adema YMR IRAD- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. FIR - Boer-Verschragen, Marieken J IR - Boer-Verschragen MJ IRAD- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FIR - Mattheussens, Wouter B IR - Mattheussens WB IRAD- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. FIR - Philipsen, Ria H L A IR - Philipsen RHLA IRAD- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. FIR - van Mourik, Djenolan IR - van Mourik D IRAD- Department Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FIR - Bogers, Susanne IR - Bogers S IRAD- Department Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FIR - van Dijk, Laura L A IR - van Dijk LLA IRAD- Department Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FIR - Rots, Nynke IR - Rots N IRAD- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FIR - Hemmelder, Marc H IR - Hemmelder MH IRAD- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Maastricht University Medical Center and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands. FIR - de Vries, Aiko P J IR - de Vries APJ IRAD- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. EDAT- 2024/06/21 06:42 MHDA- 2025/02/28 18:22 PMCR- 2024/11/21 CRDT- 2024/06/21 00:03 PHST- 2025/02/28 18:22 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/21 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/21 00:03 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00007890-202412000-00024 [pii] AID - TPA-2024-0443 [pii] AID - 10.1097/TP.0000000000005119 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Transplantation. 2024 Dec 1;108(12):2420-2433. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000005119. Epub 2024 Nov 21. PMID- 38902519 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240704 LR - 20260813 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Print) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 7 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Vaccination reduces central nervous system IL-1beta and memory deficits after COVID-19 in mice. PG - 1158-1171 LID - 10.1038/s41590-024-01868-z [doi] AB - Up to 25% of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibit postacute cognitive sequelae. Although millions of cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-mediated memory dysfunction are accumulating worldwide, the underlying mechanisms and how vaccination lowers risk are unknown. Interleukin-1 (IL-1), a key component of innate immune defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection, is elevated in the hippocampi of individuals with COVID-19. Here we show that intranasal infection of C57BL/6J mice with SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant leads to central nervous system infiltration of Ly6C(hi) monocytes and microglial activation. Accordingly, SARS-CoV-2, but not H1N1 influenza virus, increases levels of brain IL-1beta and induces persistent IL-1R1-mediated loss of hippocampal neurogenesis, which promotes postacute cognitive deficits. Vaccination with a low dose of adenoviral-vectored spike protein prevents hippocampal production of IL-1beta during breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection, loss of neurogenesis and subsequent memory deficits. Our study identifies IL-1beta as one potential mechanism driving SARS-CoV-2-induced cognitive impairment in a new mouse model that is prevented by vaccination. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. FAU - Vanderheiden, Abigail AU - Vanderheiden A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1321-4510 AD - Center for Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Hill, Jeremy D AU - Hill JD AD - Center for Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Jiang, Xiaoping AU - Jiang X AD - Center for Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Deppen, Ben AU - Deppen B AD - Center for Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Bamunuarachchi, Gayan AU - Bamunuarachchi G AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Soudani, Nadia AU - Soudani N AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Joshi, Astha AU - Joshi A AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Cain, Matthew D AU - Cain MD AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Boon, Adrianus C M AU - Boon ACM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4700-8224 AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Klein, Robyn S AU - Klein RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0281-1352 AD - Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. rklein@wustl.edu. AD - Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western Institute of Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. rklein@wustl.edu. LA - eng GR - R35NS122310/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)/ GR - R35 NS122310/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01NS104471/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)/ GR - R01AI139251/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - F32NS128065/Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)/ GR - F32 NS128065/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240620 PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 RN - 0 (Interleukin-1beta) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (IL1B protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Interleukin-1beta/metabolism/immunology MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Hippocampus/immunology/metabolism MH - *Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - *Memory Disorders/immunology MH - *Neurogenesis/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Male MH - Humans MH - Microglia/immunology/metabolism MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I/metabolism/genetics MH - Monocytes/immunology/metabolism MH - Female PMC - PMC13148132 MID - NIHMS2004192 COIS- Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/06/21 00:42 MHDA- 2024/07/05 00:42 PMCR- 2026/05/06 CRDT- 2024/06/20 23:28 PHST- 2023/11/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/05 00:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/21 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/20 23:28 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41590-024-01868-z [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-024-01868-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2024 Jul;25(7):1158-1171. doi: 10.1038/s41590-024-01868-z. Epub 2024 Jun 20. PMID- 38898009 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240619 LR - 20260122 IS - 2158-3188 (Electronic) IS - 2158-3188 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jun 19 TI - Chronic post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms persisting beyond one year from infection: a case-control study and network analysis. PG - 261 LID - 10.1038/s41398-024-02978-w [doi] LID - 261 AB - Our study aims to delineate the phenotypes of chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms among adult subjects recovering from their first COVID that occurred more than one year ago. We also aim to explore the clinical and socioeconomic risk factors of having a high loading of chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms. We recruited a post-COVID group who suffered from their first pre-Omicron COVID more than a year ago, and a control group who had never had COVID. The subjects completed app-based questionnaires on demographic, socioeconomic and health status, a COVID symptoms checklist, mental and sleep health measures, and neurocognitive tests. The post-COVID group has a statistically significantly higher level of fatigue compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Among the post-COVID group, the lack of any COVID vaccination before the first COVID and a higher level of material deprivation before the COVID pandemic predicts a higher load of chronic post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms. Partial correlation network analysis suggests that the chronic post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms can be clustered into two major (cognitive complaints -fatigue and anxiety-depression) and one minor (headache-dizziness) cluster. A higher level of material deprivation predicts a higher number of symptoms in both major clusters, but the lack of any COVID vaccination before the first COVID only predicts a higher number of symptoms in the cognitive complaints-fatigue cluster. Our result suggests heterogeneity among chronic post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms, which are associated with the complex interplay of biological and socioeconomic factors. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Chau, Steven Wai Ho AU - Chau SWH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2986-8677 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. stevenwaihochau@cuhk.edu.hk. AD - Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. stevenwaihochau@cuhk.edu.hk. FAU - Chue, Timothy Mitchell AU - Chue TM AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Chan, Rachel Ngan Yin AU - Chan RNY AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. AD - Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Lai, Yee Lok AU - Lai YL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1002-8805 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Wong, Paul W C AU - Wong PWC AD - Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Li, Shirley Xin AU - Li SX AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Liu, Yaping AU - Liu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2015-8775 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. AD - Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. FAU - Chan, Joey Wing Yan AU - Chan JWY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2692-2666 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. AD - Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Chan, Paul Kay-Sheung AU - Chan PK AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Lai, Christopher K C AU - Lai CKC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8591-5944 AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Leung, Thomas W H AU - Leung TWH AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Wing, Yun Kwok AU - Wing YK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5745-5474 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. AD - Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240619 PL - United States TA - Transl Psychiatry JT - Translational psychiatry JID - 101562664 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/psychology/complications MH - Male MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Fatigue/etiology MH - Depression/psychology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Anxiety/psychology MH - Chronic Disease MH - Risk Factors MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC11187160 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/06/20 00:42 MHDA- 2024/06/20 00:43 PMCR- 2024/06/19 CRDT- 2024/06/19 23:14 PHST- 2023/10/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/05/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/20 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/20 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/19 23:14 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41398-024-02978-w [pii] AID - 2978 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41398-024-02978-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Transl Psychiatry. 2024 Jun 19;14(1):261. doi: 10.1038/s41398-024-02978-w. PMID- 38892564 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240619 LR - 20260825 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 11 DP - 2024 May 26 TI - Preventive Intake of a Multiple Micronutrient Supplement during Mild, Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection to Reduce the Post-Acute COVID-19 Condition: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial. LID - 10.3390/nu16111631 [doi] LID - 1631 AB - Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 have low levels of vitamins and trace elements. This could lead to a post-acute COVID-19 condition (PCC) that can worsen a patient's quality of life. We aimed to study the baseline micronutrient status of patients and assess whether a multiple micronutrient supplement (MMS) taken for 2 weeks at the first sign of COVID-19 symptoms would be able to reduce the incidence of PCC. This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted in adult outpatients with acute COVID-19, recruited between 2021 and 2023 in Spain. Of the 285 patients assessed for eligibility, 267 were randomized and 246 were included in the intent-to-treat population. The mean age was 46.8 years, and 68% were female. Overall, 54.6% had micronutrient deficiencies in the acute phase of COVID-19 at baseline, and 26.2% had PCC after 180 days of follow-up (D180). The most frequently recorded PCC symptoms were neurological (14.1%), with 24% patients scoring worse in the cognitive tests compared to their baseline status. The rate of PCC at D180 was similar between the placebo (25.0%) and intervention (27.7%) groups, without significant differences (p = 0.785). Age over 50 years was the most relevant risk factor for developing PCC, followed by female sex. The most important protective factor against PCC was SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. In this population of predominantly middle-aged, white women with acute COVID-19 not requiring hospital admission, MMS intake for 14 days at symptom onset did not prevent PCC nor improve their micronutrient status at D180. FAU - Tomasa-Irriguible, Teresa Maria AU - Tomasa-Irriguible TM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8033-8527 AD - Intensive Care Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain. FAU - Monfa, Ramon AU - Monfa R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1324-3971 AD - Jordi Gol University Research Institute in Primary Care (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Miranda-Jimenez, Cristina AU - Miranda-Jimenez C AD - Jordi Gol University Research Institute in Primary Care (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Morros, Rosa AU - Morros R AD - Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain. FAU - Robert, Neus AU - Robert N AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain. FAU - Bordeje-Laguna, Luisa AU - Bordeje-Laguna L AD - Intensive Care Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain. FAU - Vidal, Sandra AU - Vidal S AD - Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain. FAU - Toran-Monserrat, Pere AU - Toran-Monserrat P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9865-7427 AD - North Metropolitan Research Support Unit, Jordi Gol University Research Institute in Primary Care (NM-IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08303 Mataro, Spain. FAU - Barriocanal, Ana Maria AU - Barriocanal AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4159-519X AD - Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain. LA - eng GR - IIR IMP 21806/IGTP-HUGTP/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20240526 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Micronutrients) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology/complications MH - Male MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Middle Aged MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - *Micronutrients/administration & dosage MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Adult MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Aged PMC - PMC11174626 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cognitive assessment OT - cognitive impairment OT - long COVID OT - micronutrients OT - multiple micronutrient supplement OT - nutritional status OT - post-COVID-19 condition OT - quality of life COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2024/06/19 06:41 MHDA- 2024/06/19 06:42 PMCR- 2024/05/26 CRDT- 2024/06/19 01:11 PHST- 2024/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/19 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/19 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/19 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu16111631 [pii] AID - nutrients-16-01631 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu16111631 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2024 May 26;16(11):1631. doi: 10.3390/nu16111631. PMID- 38883639 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240618 IS - 2072-1439 (Print) IS - 2077-6624 (Electronic) IS - 2072-1439 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2024 May 31 TI - Specific sequelae symptoms of COVID-19 of Omicron variant in comparison with non-COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study in Japan. PG - 3170-3180 LID - 10.21037/jtd-23-1672 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The specific long-term sequela of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), also known as long COVID of the Omicron variant remain unclear, due to a lack of cohort studies that include non-COVID patients with cold-like symptoms. The study was conducted to examine specific sequelae symptoms after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which is considered the Omicron variant, compared with patients who were never-infected. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we sent questionnaires in November 2022, targeting those who visited our fever outpatient unit of a single institution from July to September 2022. SARS-CoV-2 infection status was determined by SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results during the study period collected in electronic medical records. Clinical characteristics at 30 days or more since the date of SARS-CoV-2 PCR test were assessed by the questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was performed to investigate the independent association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and possible sequelae symptoms. RESULTS: In total, valid responses were received from 4,779 patients (mean age: 41.4 years, standard deviation: 19.8 years old). Among them, 3,326 (69.6%) and 1,453 (30.4%) were SARS-CoV-2 PCR test positive and never-infected, respectively. We found that patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to have a loss of taste or smell [odds ratio (OR) 4.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.93, 10.71], hair loss (OR 3.19, 95% CI: 1.67, 6.09), neurocognitive symptoms (OR 1.95, 95% CI: 1.43, 2.65), and respiratory symptoms (OR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.47) than never-infected patients. SARS-CoV-2 infection was not associated with common cold symptoms, chronic physical distress, or diarrhea as sequelae symptoms. Further, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination showed protective effects on sequelae of loss of taste or smell and hair loss. CONCLUSIONS: Loss of taste or smell, hair loss, neurocognitive symptoms, and respiratory symptoms were found to be specific sequelae of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. It is important not to miss these symptoms that follow SARS-CoV-2 infection and to recognize and manage the long COVID. CI - 2024 Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved. FAU - Omori, Takahiro AU - Omori T AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kuramochi Clinic Interpark, Utsunomiya City, Japan. FAU - Hanafusa, Mariko AU - Hanafusa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1038-7715 AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kuramochi Clinic Interpark, Utsunomiya City, Japan. AD - Department of Tokyo Metropolitan Health Policy Advisement, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Kondo, Nobuyuki AU - Kondo N AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kuramochi Clinic Interpark, Utsunomiya City, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Miyazaki, Yasunari AU - Miyazaki Y AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kuramochi Clinic Interpark, Utsunomiya City, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Okada, Shusho AU - Okada S AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kuramochi Clinic Interpark, Utsunomiya City, Japan. AD - Department of Health Policy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Fujiwara, Takeo AU - Fujiwara T AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kuramochi Clinic Interpark, Utsunomiya City, Japan. AD - Department of Public Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Kuramochi, Jin AU - Kuramochi J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9078-0527 AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kuramochi Clinic Interpark, Utsunomiya City, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240524 PL - China TA - J Thorac Dis JT - Journal of thoracic disease JID - 101533916 PMC - PMC11170421 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Omicron OT - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) OT - long-term sequela of coronavirus disease 2019 (long COVID) OT - sequelae COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://jtd.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/jtd-23-1672/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2024/06/17 12:42 MHDA- 2024/06/17 12:43 PMCR- 2024/05/31 CRDT- 2024/06/17 06:09 PHST- 2023/11/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/17 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/17 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/17 06:09 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jtd-16-05-3170 [pii] AID - 10.21037/jtd-23-1672 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Thorac Dis. 2024 May 31;16(5):3170-3180. doi: 10.21037/jtd-23-1672. Epub 2024 May 24. PMID- 38878020 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240807 LR - 20260922 IS - 1097-6825 (Electronic) IS - 0091-6749 (Print) IS - 0091-6749 (Linking) VI - 154 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Aug TI - Patients taking benralizumab, dupilumab, or mepolizumab have lower postvaccination SARS-CoV-2 immunity. PG - 435-446 LID - S0091-6749(24)00420-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.03.029 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Biologic therapies inhibiting the IL-4 or IL-5 pathways are very effective in the treatment of asthma and other related conditions. However, the cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 also play a role in the generation of adaptive immune responses. Although these biologics do not cause overt immunosuppression, their effect in primary severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunization has not been studied completely. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the antibody and cellular immunity after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients on biologics (PoBs). METHODS: Patients with severe asthma or atopic dermatitis who were taking benralizumab, dupilumab, or mepolizumab and had received the initial dose of the 2-dose adult SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine were enrolled in a prospective, observational study. As our control group, we used a cohort of immunologically healthy subjects (with no significant immunosuppression) who were not taking biologics (NBs). We used a multiplexed immunoassay to measure antibody levels, neutralization assays to assess antibody function, and flow cytometry to quantitate Spike-specific lymphocytes. RESULTS: We analyzed blood from 57 patients in the PoB group and 46 control subjects from the NB group. The patients in the PoB group had lower levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, pseudovirus neutralization, live virus neutralization, and frequencies of Spike-specific B and CD8 T cells at 6 months after vaccination. In subgroup analyses, patients with asthma who were taking biologics had significantly lower pseudovirus neutralization than did subjects with asthma who were not taking biologics. CONCLUSION: The patients in the PoB group had reduced SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody titers, neutralizing activity, and virus-specific B- and CD8 T-cell counts. These results have implications when considering development of a more individualized immunization strategy in patients who receive biologic medications blocking IL-4 or IL-5 pathways. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Runnstrom, Martin C AU - Runnstrom MC AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Lamothe, Pedro A AU - Lamothe PA AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Faliti, Caterina E AU - Faliti CE AD - Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Cheedarla, Narayanaiah AU - Cheedarla N AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Moreno, Alberto AU - Moreno A AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Suthar, Mehul S AU - Suthar MS AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Nahata, Rishika AU - Nahata R AD - Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Ravindran, Mayuran AU - Ravindran M AD - J. Willis Hurst Internal Medicine Residency Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Haddad, Natalie S AU - Haddad NS AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Morrison-Porter, Andrea AU - Morrison-Porter A AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Quehl, Hannah AU - Quehl H AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Ramonell, Richard P AU - Ramonell RP AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa. FAU - Woodruff, Matthew AU - Woodruff M AD - Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Anam, Fabliha AU - Anam F AD - Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Zhang, Rebeca AU - Zhang R AD - Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Swenson, Colin AU - Swenson C AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Polito, Carmen AU - Polito C AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Neveu, Wendy AU - Neveu W AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Patel, Rahulkumar AU - Patel R AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Smirnova, Natalia AU - Smirnova N AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Nguyen, Doan C AU - Nguyen DC AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Kim, Caroline AU - Kim C AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Hentenaar, Ian AU - Hentenaar I AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Kyu, Shuya AU - Kyu S AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Usman, Sabeena AU - Usman S AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Ngo, Thuy AU - Ngo T AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Guo, Zhenxing AU - Guo Z AD - Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Wu, Hao AU - Wu H AD - Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Daiss, John L AU - Daiss JL AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Park, Jiwon AU - Park J AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Manning, Kelly E AU - Manning KE AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Wali, Bursha AU - Wali B AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Ellis, Madison L AU - Ellis ML AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Sharma, Sunita AU - Sharma S AD - Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colo. FAU - Holguin, Fernando AU - Holguin F AD - Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colo. FAU - Cheedarla, Suneethamma AU - Cheedarla S AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Neish, Andrew S AU - Neish AS AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Roback, John D AU - Roback JD AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Sanz, Ignacio AU - Sanz I AD - Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga. FAU - Eun-Hyung Lee, F AU - Eun-Hyung Lee F AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. Electronic address: f.e.lee@emory.edu. LA - eng GR - T32 HL116271/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI141993/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI121252/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI125180/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 CA260563/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002378/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00017/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI172254/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240613 PL - United States TA - J Allergy Clin Immunol JT - The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology JID - 1275002 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized) RN - 420K487FSG (dupilumab) RN - 71492GE1FX (benralizumab) RN - 90Z2UF0E52 (mepolizumab) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Interleukin-5) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Male MH - Female MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Asthma/drug therapy/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy/immunology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Aged MH - Vaccination MH - Interleukin-5/antagonists & inhibitors/immunology PMC - PMC11305925 MID - NIHMS1990255 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma biologics OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody neutralization OT - benralizumab OT - dupilumab OT - mRNA vaccines OT - memory B cells OT - memory T cells OT - mepolizumab COIS- Disclosure statement Supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (grants NIH/NHLBI T32HL116271 [to M.C.R., P.A.L., and N.S.]; the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the NIH (UL1TR002378 [to N.S.]; P01AI125180 [to I.S. and F.E.L.]; U54CA260563 [to I.S. and F.E.L.]; R01AI121252 [to F.E.L.]; R01AI172254 [to F.E.L.]; U01AI141993 [to F.E.L.]; and NIH P51OD011132, 1U54CA260563, and the NIH/NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response (under contract 75N93021C00017 to Emory University). This work does not necessarily represent the views of the US government or Department of Veterans Affairs. Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: N. S. Haddad is employed by MicroB-plex, Inc, but did not receive any payments for this article. C. Swenson receives compensation and consulting fees from Insmed, Inc, that are unrelated to this article. F. Holguin is a member of the adjudication committee of the ASPEN (A Study to Assess the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Brensocatib in Participants With Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis) trial at Insmed, Inc. J. D. Roback received funding from an NIH grant in the past 36 months. I. Sanz receives royalties from BLI INC for plasma cell survival media; consulting fees from GSK, Pfizer, Kayverna, Johnson & Johnson, Celgene, Bristol-Myer Squibb, and Visterra; and honoraria for presentations from Yale and Harvard Universities. In addition, I. Sanz has a patent on plasma cell survival media. F. Eun-Hyung Lee receives or has received research grants from Genentech and the Gates Foundation; royalties from BLI INC for plasma cell survival media; consulting fees from Be Bio Pharma; honoraria for presentations at the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Cincinnati, and the Gerontological Advanced Practice Nurses Association; has patents on plasma cell survival media and media of elaborated newly synthesized antibodies (MENSA); and is the founder and owner of MicroB-plex, Inc. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/06/15 14:44 MHDA- 2024/08/08 05:42 PMCR- 2024/08/08 CRDT- 2024/06/15 10:32 PHST- 2023/09/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/08 05:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/15 14:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/15 10:32 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0091-6749(24)00420-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.03.029 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2024 Aug;154(2):435-446. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.03.029. Epub 2024 Jun 13. PMID- 38872567 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240614 LR - 20240614 IS - 1551-0018 (Electronic) IS - 1547-1063 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 5 DP - 2024 May 20 TI - Mutation prediction in the SARS-CoV-2 genome using attention-based neural machine translation. PG - 5996-6018 LID - 10.3934/mbe.2024264 [doi] AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) has been evolving rapidly after causing havoc worldwide in 2020. Since then, it has been very hard to contain the virus owing to its frequently mutating nature. Changes in its genome lead to viral evolution, rendering it more resistant to existing vaccines and drugs. Predicting viral mutations beforehand will help in gearing up against more infectious and virulent versions of the virus in turn decreasing the damage caused by them. In this paper, we have proposed different NMT (neural machine translation) architectures based on RNNs (recurrent neural networks) to predict mutations in the SARS-CoV-2-selected non-structural proteins (NSP), i.e., NSP1, NSP3, NSP5, NSP8, NSP9, NSP13, and NSP15. First, we created and pre-processed the pairs of sequences from two languages using k-means clustering and nearest neighbors for training a neural translation machine. We also provided insights for training NMTs on long biological sequences. In addition, we evaluated and benchmarked our models to demonstrate their efficiency and reliability. FAU - Quddusi, Darrak Moin AU - Quddusi DM AD - Chair of Mechatronics in the Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Rheinland-Pfalz Technical University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany. FAU - Hiremath, Sandesh Athni AU - Hiremath SA AD - Chair of Mechatronics in the Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Rheinland-Pfalz Technical University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany. FAU - Bajcinca, Naim AU - Bajcinca N AD - Chair of Mechatronics in the Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Rheinland-Pfalz Technical University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Math Biosci Eng JT - Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE JID - 101197794 RN - 0 (Viral Nonstructural Proteins) SB - IM MH - *SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - *Genome, Viral MH - *Neural Networks, Computer MH - Humans MH - *Mutation MH - *COVID-19/virology/transmission MH - *Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics MH - Algorithms OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - gated recurrent units OT - long short-term memory OT - mutation prediction OT - neural machine translation OT - recurrent neural networks EDAT- 2024/06/14 06:42 MHDA- 2024/06/14 06:43 CRDT- 2024/06/14 03:53 PHST- 2024/06/14 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/14 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/14 03:53 [entrez] AID - 10.3934/mbe.2024264 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Math Biosci Eng. 2024 May 20;21(5):5996-6018. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2024264. PMID- 38868209 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20261020 IS - 2589-0042 (Electronic) IS - 2589-0042 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jun 21 TI - Lack of memory recall in human CD4 T cells elicited by the first encounter with SARS-CoV-2. PG - 109992 LID - 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109992 [doi] LID - 109992 AB - The studies reported here focus on the impact of pre-existing CD4 T cell immunity on the first encounter with SARS-CoV-2. They leverage PBMC samples from plasma donors collected after a first SARS-CoV-2 infection, prior to vaccine availability and compared to samples collected prior to the emergence of SARS-CoV-2. Analysis of CD4 T cell specificity across the entire SARS-CoV-2 proteome revealed that the recognition of SARS-CoV-2-derived epitopes by CD4 memory cells prior to the pandemic are enriched for reactivity toward non-structural proteins conserved across endemic CoV strains. However, CD4 T cells after primary infection with SARS-CoV-2 focus on epitopes from structural proteins. We observed little evidence for preferential recall to epitopes conserved between SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal CoV, a finding confirmed through use of selectively curated conserved and SARS-unique peptides. Our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 CD4 T cells elicited by the first infection are primarily established from the naive CD4 T cell pool. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). FAU - Richards, Katherine A AU - Richards KA AD - David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. FAU - Changrob, Siriruk AU - Changrob S AD - Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Thomas, Paul G AU - Thomas PG AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. FAU - Wilson, Patrick C AU - Wilson PC AD - Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Sant, Andrea J AU - Sant AJ AD - David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. LA - eng GR - 75N93021C00018/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI168632/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00016/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00052/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI165077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI144616/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00051/OD/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240517 PL - United States TA - iScience JT - iScience JID - 101724038 PMC - PMC11166706 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Health sciences OT - Immune response OT - Immunology OT - Virology COIS- P.G.T. has consulted or received travel support from JNJ, Pfizer, Illumina, 10X Genomics, Merck, and PACT Pharma and served on the SAB of Immunoscape, Shennon Bio, and Cytoagents. No other authors have competing interests. EDAT- 2024/06/13 06:43 MHDA- 2024/06/13 06:44 PMCR- 2024/05/17 CRDT- 2024/06/13 04:29 PHST- 2024/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/13 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/13 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/13 04:29 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2589-0042(24)01217-3 [pii] AID - 109992 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109992 [doi] PST - epublish SO - iScience. 2024 May 17;27(6):109992. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109992. eCollection 2024 Jun 21. PMID- 38864816 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240612 LR - 20250129 IS - 2573-7732 (Electronic) IS - 2573-7732 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jun 1 TI - Appropriate Sampling and Longer Follow-Up Are Required to Rigorously Evaluate Longevity of Humoral Memory After Vaccination. PG - 397-403 LID - 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300057 [doi] AB - One of the goals of vaccination is to induce long-lived immunity against the infection and/or disease. Many studies have followed the generation of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination; however, such studies typically varied by the duration of the follow-up and the number of time points at which immune response measurements were done. How these parameters (the number of time points and the overall duration of the follow-up) impact estimates of immunity longevity remain largely unknown. Several studies, including one by Arunachalam et al. (2023. J. Clin. Invest. 133: e167955), evaluated the humoral immune response in individuals receiving either a third or fourth dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine; by measuring Ab levels at three time points (prior to vaccination and at 1 and 6 mo), Arunachalam et al. found similar half-life times for serum Abs in the two groups and thus suggested that additional boosting is unnecessary to prolong immunity to SARS-CoV-2. I demonstrate that measuring Ab levels at these three time points and only for 6 mo does not allow one to accurately evaluate the long-term half-life of vaccine-induced Abs. By using the data from a cohort of blood donors followed for several years, I show that after revaccination with vaccinia virus, vaccinia virus-specific Abs decay biphasically, and even the late decay rate exceeds the true slow loss rate of humoral memory observed years prior to the boosting. Mathematical models of Ab response kinetics, parameterized using preliminary data, should be used for power analysis to determine the most appropriate timing and duration of sampling to rigorously determine the duration of humoral immunity after vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. FAU - Ganusov, Vitaly V AU - Ganusov VV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6572-1691 LA - eng GR - R01 AI158963/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - England TA - Immunohorizons JT - ImmunoHorizons JID - 101708159 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2023 Jun 29:2023.06.28.23291950. doi: 10.1101/2023.06.28.23291950. PMID: 37425815 MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - *Vaccination MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Immunization, Secondary PMC - PMC11220738 COIS- The author has no financial conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/06/12 12:43 MHDA- 2024/06/12 12:44 PMCR- 2024/06/10 CRDT- 2024/06/12 10:34 PHST- 2023/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/12 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/12 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/12 10:34 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 266934 [pii] AID - immunohorizons_2300057 [pii] AID - 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300057 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunohorizons. 2024 Jun 1;8(6):397-403. doi: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300057. PMID- 38862636 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240611 LR - 20240614 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jun 11 TI - Reduced olfactory bulb volume accompanies olfactory dysfunction after mild SARS-CoV-2 infection. PG - 13396 LID - 10.1038/s41598-024-64367-z [doi] LID - 13396 AB - Despite its high prevalence, the determinants of smelling impairment in COVID-19 remain not fully understood. In this work, we aimed to examine the association between olfactory bulb volume and the clinical trajectory of COVID-19-related smelling impairment in a large-scale magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis. Data of non-vaccinated COVID-19 convalescents recruited within the framework of the prospective Hamburg City Health Study COVID Program between March and December 2020 were analyzed. At baseline, 233 participants underwent MRI and neuropsychological testing as well as a structured questionnaire for olfactory function. Between March and April 2022, olfactory function was assessed at follow-up including quantitative olfactometric testing with Sniffin' Sticks. This study included 233 individuals recovered from mainly mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infections. Longitudinal assessment demonstrated a declining prevalence of self-reported olfactory dysfunction from 67.1% at acute infection, 21.0% at baseline examination and 17.5% at follow-up. Participants with post-acute self-reported olfactory dysfunction had a significantly lower olfactory bulb volume at baseline than normally smelling individuals. Olfactory bulb volume at baseline predicted olfactometric scores at follow-up. Performance in neuropsychological testing was not significantly associated with the olfactory bulb volume. Our work demonstrates an association of long-term self-reported smelling dysfunction and olfactory bulb integrity in a sample of individuals recovered from mainly mild to moderate COVID-19. Collectively, our results highlight olfactory bulb volume as a surrogate marker that may inform diagnosis and guide rehabilitation strategies in COVID-19. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Petersen, Marvin AU - Petersen M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6426-7167 AD - Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. mar.petersen@uke.de. FAU - Becker, Benjamin AU - Becker B AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Schell, Maximilian AU - Schell M AD - Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Mayer, Carola AU - Mayer C AD - Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Naegele, Felix L AU - Naegele FL AD - Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Petersen, Elina AU - Petersen E AD - Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany. AD - Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Twerenbold, Raphael AU - Twerenbold R AD - Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany. AD - Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany. AD - German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Hamburg, Germany. AD - University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Thomalla, Gotz AU - Thomalla G AD - Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Cheng, Bastian AU - Cheng B AD - Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Betz, Christian AU - Betz C AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Hoffmann, Anna S AU - Hoffmann AS AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. LA - eng GR - 178316478/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)/ GR - 454012190/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240611 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Olfactory Bulb/physiopathology/pathology/diagnostic imaging MH - *COVID-19/physiopathology/complications MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *Olfaction Disorders/etiology/physiopathology MH - Adult MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - *SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification MH - Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - Smell/physiology PMC - PMC11167024 COIS- Gotz Thomalla has received fees as consultant or lecturer from Acandis, Alexion, Amarin, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, BristolMyersSquibb/Pfizer, Daichi Sankyo, Portola, and Stryker outside the submitted work. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/06/12 00:42 MHDA- 2024/06/12 00:43 PMCR- 2024/06/11 CRDT- 2024/06/11 23:25 PHST- 2023/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/12 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/12 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/11 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-64367-z [pii] AID - 64367 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-64367-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2024 Jun 11;14(1):13396. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-64367-z. PMID- 38849730 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240607 LR - 20251002 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jun 7 TI - Syndromic case definitions for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) are less sensitive in older age: an analysis of symptoms among hospitalised adults. PG - 568 LID - 10.1186/s12879-024-09425-7 [doi] LID - 568 AB - BACKGROUND: Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (LRTI) pose a serious threat to older adults but may be underdiagnosed due to atypical presentations. Here we assess LRTI symptom profiles and syndromic (symptom-based) case ascertainment in older (>/= 65y) as compared to younger adults (< 65y). METHODS: We included adults (>/= 18y) with confirmed LRTI admitted to two acute care Trusts in Bristol, UK from 1st August 2020- 31st July 2022. Logistic regression was used to assess whether age >/= 65y reduced the probability of meeting syndromic LRTI case definitions, using patients' symptoms at admission. We also calculated relative symptom frequencies (log-odds ratios) and evaluated how symptoms were clustered across different age groups. RESULTS: Of 17,620 clinically confirmed LRTI cases, 8,487 (48.1%) had symptoms meeting the case definition. Compared to those not meeting the definition these cases were younger, had less severe illness and were less likely to have received a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or to have active SARS-CoV-2 infection. Prevalence of dementia/cognitive impairment and levels of comorbidity were lower in this group. After controlling for sex, dementia and comorbidities, age >/= 65y significantly reduced the probability of meeting the case definition (aOR = 0.67, 95% CI:0.63-0.71). Cases aged >/= 65y were less likely to present with fever and LRTI-specific symptoms (e.g., pleurisy, sputum) than younger cases, and those aged >/= 85y were characterised by lack of cough but frequent confusion and falls. CONCLUSIONS: LRTI symptom profiles changed considerably with age in this hospitalised cohort. Standard screening protocols may fail to detect older and frailer cases of LRTI based on their symptoms. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Kwiatkowska, Rachel AU - Kwiatkowska R AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Chatzilena, Anastasia AU - Chatzilena A AD - Dept of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - King, Jade AU - King J AD - Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, UHBW NHS Trust, Bristol, UK. FAU - Clout, Madeleine AU - Clout M AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - McGuinness, Serena AU - McGuinness S AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Maskell, Nick AU - Maskell N AD - Academic Respiratory Unit, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Oliver, Jennifer AU - Oliver J AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Challen, Robert AU - Challen R AD - Dept of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Hickman, Matthew AU - Hickman M AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Finn, Adam AU - Finn A AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. AD - Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Hyams, Catherine AU - Hyams C AD - Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. AD - Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, UHBW NHS Trust, Bristol, UK. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. AD - North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK. FAU - Danon, Leon AU - Danon L AD - Dept of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. l.danon@bristol.ac.uk. AD - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. l.danon@bristol.ac.uk. CN - AvonCAP Research Group LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 203918/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - EP/Y028392/1/Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240607 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology/virology/diagnosis MH - *Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Age Factors MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Young Adult MH - Comorbidity MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC11157799 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Age factors OT - Missed diagnosis OT - Pneumonia OT - Public health surveillance OT - Respiratory tract infections COIS- CH is Principal Investigator of the AvonCAP study, a University of Bristol sponsored study which is funded by Pfizer. JO is a Co-Investigator on the AvonCAP Study. AF is a member of the UK Dept of Health, Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunization (JCVI) and, until December 2022, was chair of the World Health Organization European Technical Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (ETAGE). In addition to receiving funding for this study from Pfizer as Chief Investigator, he leads another project investigating transmission of respiratory bacteria in families jointly funded by Pfizer and the Gates Foundation and is chief or principal investigator in current or recent COVID-19 vaccine trials funded by Astra-Zeneca, Valneva and Sanofi. LD, RC are also partly funded through AvonCAP. LD is a Co-Investigator of the AvonCAP study and has also received funding from Pfizer, UKRI and UKHSA for unrelated projects. RK holds an honorary contract with the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA). The corresponding author had full access to all data in the study and final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. All the other authors do not have any competing interests. FIR - Morley, Anna IR - Morley A FIR - Langdon, Amelia IR - Langdon A FIR - Turner, Anabella IR - Turner A FIR - Mattocks, Anya IR - Mattocks A FIR - Osborne, Bethany IR - Osborne B FIR - Grimes, Charli IR - Grimes C FIR - Mitchell, Claire IR - Mitchell C FIR - Adegbite, David IR - Adegbite D FIR - Bridgeman, Emma IR - Bridgeman E FIR - Scott, Emma IR - Scott E FIR - Perkins, Fiona IR - Perkins F FIR - Bayley, Francesca IR - Bayley F FIR - Ruffino, Gabriella IR - Ruffino G FIR - Valentine, Gabriella IR - Valentine G FIR - Tilzey, Grace IR - Tilzey G FIR - Campling, James IR - Campling J FIR - Wright, Johanna Kellett IR - Wright JK FIR - Brzezinska, Julia IR - Brzezinska J FIR - Cloake, Julie IR - Cloake J FIR - Milutinovic, Katarina IR - Milutinovic K FIR - Helliker, Kate IR - Helliker K FIR - Maughan, Katie IR - Maughan K FIR - Fox, Kazminder IR - Fox K FIR - Minou, Konstantina IR - Minou K FIR - Ward, Lana IR - Ward L FIR - Fleming, Leah IR - Fleming L FIR - Morrison, Leigh IR - Morrison L FIR - Smart, Lily IR - Smart L FIR - Wright, Louise IR - Wright L FIR - Grimwood, Lucy IR - Grimwood L FIR - Bellavia, Maddalena IR - Bellavia M FIR - Vasquez, Marianne IR - Vasquez M FIR - Gonzalez, Maria Garcia IR - Gonzalez MG FIR - Jeenes-Flanagan, Milo IR - Jeenes-Flanagan M FIR - Chang, Natalie IR - Chang N FIR - Grace, Niall IR - Grace N FIR - Manning, Nicola IR - Manning N FIR - Griffiths, Oliver IR - Griffiths O FIR - Croxford, Pip IR - Croxford P FIR - Sequenza, Peter IR - Sequenza P FIR - Lazarus, Rajeka IR - Lazarus R FIR - Walters, Rhian IR - Walters R FIR - Marlow, Robin IR - Marlow R FIR - Heath, Robyn IR - Heath R FIR - Antico, Rupert IR - Antico R FIR - Arachchge, Sandi Nammuni IR - Arachchge SN FIR - Suppiah, Seevakumar IR - Suppiah S FIR - Mona, Taslima IR - Mona T FIR - Riaz, Tawassal IR - Riaz T FIR - Mackay, Vicki IR - Mackay V FIR - Maseko, Zandile IR - Maseko Z FIR - Taylor, Zoe IR - Taylor Z FIR - Friedrich, Zsolt IR - Friedrich Z FIR - Szasz-Benczur, Zsuzsa IR - Szasz-Benczur Z EDAT- 2024/06/08 10:44 MHDA- 2024/06/08 10:45 PMCR- 2024/06/07 CRDT- 2024/06/07 23:33 PHST- 2024/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/08 10:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/08 10:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/07 23:33 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-024-09425-7 [pii] AID - 9425 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-024-09425-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Jun 7;24(1):568. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09425-7. PMID- 38848477 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240903 LR - 20260724 IS - 2168-6114 (Electronic) IS - 2168-6106 (Print) IS - 2168-6106 (Linking) VI - 184 IP - 9 DP - 2024 Sep 1 TI - Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir and Symptoms in Adults With Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The STOP-PASC Randomized Clinical Trial. PG - 1024-1034 LID - 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.2007 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: There is an urgent need to identify treatments for postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of a 15-day course of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in reducing the severity of select PASC symptoms. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a 15-week blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial conducted from November 2022 to September 2023 at Stanford University (California). The participants were adults with moderate to severe PASC symptoms of 3 months or longer duration. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized 2:1 to treatment with oral nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NMV/r, 300 mg and 100 mg) or with placebo-ritonavir (PBO/r) twice daily for 15 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary outcome was a pooled severity of 6 PASC symptoms (fatigue, brain fog, shortness of breath, body aches, gastrointestinal symptoms, and cardiovascular symptoms) based on a Likert scale score at 10 weeks. Secondary outcomes included symptom severity at different time points, symptom burden and relief, patient global measures, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures, orthostatic vital signs, and sit-to-stand test change from baseline. RESULTS: Of the 155 participants (median [IQR] age, 43 [34-54] years; 92 [59%] females), 102 were randomized to the NMV/r group and 53 to the PBO/r group. Nearly all participants (n = 153) had received the primary series for COVID-19 vaccination. Mean (SD) time between index SARS-CoV-2 infection and randomization was 17.5 (9.1) months. There was no statistically significant difference in the model-derived severity outcome pooled across the 6 core symptoms at 10 weeks between the NMV/r and PBO/r groups. No statistically significant between-group differences were found at 10 weeks in the Patient Global Impression of Severity or Patient Global Impression of Change scores, summative symptom scores, and change from baseline to 10 weeks in PROMIS fatigue, dyspnea, cognitive function, and physical function measures. Adverse event rates were similar in NMV/r and PBO/r groups and mostly of low grade. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The results of this randomized clinical trial showed that a 15-day course of NMV/r in a population of patients with PASC was generally safe but did not demonstrate a significant benefit for improving select PASC symptoms in a mostly vaccinated cohort with protracted symptom duration. Further studies are needed to determine the role of antivirals in the treatment of PASC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05576662. FAU - Geng, Linda N AU - Geng LN AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Bonilla, Hector AU - Bonilla H AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Hedlin, Haley AU - Hedlin H AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Jacobson, Karen B AU - Jacobson KB AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. AD - Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland. FAU - Tian, Lu AU - Tian L AD - Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Jagannathan, Prasanna AU - Jagannathan P AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Yang, Phillip C AU - Yang PC AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Subramanian, Aruna K AU - Subramanian AK AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Liang, Jane W AU - Liang JW AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Shen, Sa AU - Shen S AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Deng, Yaowei AU - Deng Y AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Shaw, Blake J AU - Shaw BJ AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Botzheim, Bren AU - Botzheim B AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Desai, Manisha AU - Desai M AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Pathak, Divya AU - Pathak D AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Jazayeri, Yasmin AU - Jazayeri Y AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Thai, Daniel AU - Thai D AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - O'Donnell, Andrew AU - O'Donnell A AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Mohaptra, Sukanya AU - Mohaptra S AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Leang, Zenita AU - Leang Z AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Reynolds, Gabriella Z M AU - Reynolds GZM AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Brooks, Erin F AU - Brooks EF AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Bhatt, Ami S AU - Bhatt AS AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Shafer, Robert W AU - Shafer RW AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Miglis, Mitchell G AU - Miglis MG AD - Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Quach, Tom AU - Quach T AD - Stanford University, Stanford, California. FAU - Tiwari, Anushri AU - Tiwari A AD - Stanford University, Stanford, California. FAU - Banerjee, Anindita AU - Banerjee A AD - Pfizer Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts. FAU - Lopez, Rene N AU - Lopez RN AD - Clinical Research Collaborations COE, Worldwide Medical and Safety, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut. FAU - De Jesus, Magdia AU - De Jesus M AD - Strategic Planning, Worldwide Medical and Safety, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York. FAU - Charnas, Lawrence R AU - Charnas LR AD - Clinical Research Collaborations COE, Worldwide Medical and Safety, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut. FAU - Utz, Paul J AU - Utz PJ AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, California. FAU - Singh, Upinder AU - Singh U AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05576662 GR - T15 LM007033/LM/NLM NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR003142/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - JAMA Intern Med JT - JAMA internal medicine JID - 101589534 RN - O3J8G9O825 (Ritonavir) RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) SB - IM EIN - JAMA Intern Med. 2024 Sep 1;184(9):1137. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.3735. PMID: 39037781 MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Ritonavir/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - Middle Aged MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19 Drug Treatment MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Adult MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use/adverse effects MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Severity of Illness Index PMC - PMC11161857 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Geng reported grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study; personal fees from UnitedHealth Group; and grants from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) outside the submitted work. Dr Bonilla reported grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study and consulting fees from Resverlogix outside the submitted work. Dr Hedlin reported financial support by Pfizer during the conduct of the study and grants from the NIH outside the submitted work. Dr Jacobson reported grants from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases outside the submitted work. Dr Jagannathan reported grants from Pfizer for an industry-sponsored trial during the conduct of the study. Dr Subramanian reported grants from Moderna outside the submitted work. Dr Botzheim reported grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. Dr Desai reported grants from the NIH outside the submitted work. Dr Bhatt reported grants and honorarium from the NIH; grants from Emerson Collective, Stand Up 2 Cancer, Stanford University, and the Paul Allen Foundation; consulting and advisory board membership for Stylus Medicine, Caribou Biosciences, and BiomX outside the submitted work. Dr Shafer reported Speaking honorarium from Gilead, ViiV Healthcare, and advisory fees from GlaxoSmithKline outside the submitted work. Dr Miglis reported consulting/advisory fees from 2nd MD, Alight Health, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Pfizer; grants from Dysautonomia International, NIH, Embr Wave, Argenx; and royalty fees from Elsevier outside the submitted work. Dr Banerjee reported equity in Pfizer during the conduct of the study. Dr Utz reported funding including partial salary and financial support of laboratory during the conduct of the study. Dr Singh reported grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study; grants from the NIH and AHRQ, advisory fees from Gilead and Regeneron for COVID-19 studies outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2024/06/07 18:42 MHDA- 2024/09/03 12:43 PMCR- 2024/06/07 CRDT- 2024/06/07 15:33 PHST- 2024/09/03 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/07 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/07 15:33 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2819901 [pii] AID - ioi240036 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.2007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA Intern Med. 2024 Sep 1;184(9):1024-1034. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.2007. PMID- 38842630 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240728 LR - 20241216 IS - 1865-3774 (Electronic) IS - 0925-5710 (Print) IS - 0925-5710 (Linking) VI - 120 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Aug TI - Cellular and humoral immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection is associated with the memory phenotype of T- and B-lymphocytes in adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. PG - 229-240 LID - 10.1007/s12185-024-03802-3 [doi] AB - We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate cellular and humoral immunogenicity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination or infection and examine how lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood correlate with cellular and humoral immunogenicity in adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients. The median period from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection to sample collection was 110.5 days (range, 6-345 days). The median SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibody level was 1761 binding antibody units (BAU)/ml (range, 0 to > 11,360 BAU/ml). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay of T cells stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens showed that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-, and IFN-gamma + IL-2-producing T cells were present in 68.9%, 62.0%, and 56.8% of patients, respectively. The antibody level was significantly correlated with frequency of IL-2-producing T cells (P = 0.001) and IFN-gamma + IL-2-producing T cells (P = 0.006) but not IFN-gamma-producing T cells (P = 0.970). Absolute counts of CD8+ and CD4+ central memory T cells were higher in both IL-2- and IFN-gamma + IL-2-producing cellular responders compared with non-responders. These data suggest that cellular and humoral immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection is associated with the memory phenotype of T cells and B cells in adult allogeneic HCT recipients. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Konuma, Takaaki AU - Konuma T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1953-8463 AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. tkonuma@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp. FAU - Hamatani-Asakura, Megumi AU - Hamatani-Asakura M AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Nagai, Etsuko AU - Nagai E AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Adachi, Eisuke AU - Adachi E AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Kato, Seiko AU - Kato S AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Isobe, Masamichi AU - Isobe M AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Monna-Oiwa, Maki AU - Monna-Oiwa M AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Takahashi, Satoshi AU - Takahashi S AD - Division of Clinical Precision Research Platform, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi AU - Yotsuyanagi H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Nannya, Yasuhito AU - Nannya Y AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240606 PL - Japan TA - Int J Hematol JT - International journal of hematology JID - 9111627 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Aged MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Transplantation, Homologous MH - Vaccination MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Young Adult MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Interferon-gamma PMC - PMC11284193 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation OT - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) OT - Memory B cells OT - Memory T cells OT - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) COIS- There are no conflicts of interest to report. EDAT- 2024/06/06 12:44 MHDA- 2024/07/28 14:53 PMCR- 2024/06/06 CRDT- 2024/06/06 11:06 PHST- 2023/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/05/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/28 14:53 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/06 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/06 11:06 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s12185-024-03802-3 [pii] AID - 3802 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12185-024-03802-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Hematol. 2024 Aug;120(2):229-240. doi: 10.1007/s12185-024-03802-3. Epub 2024 Jun 6. PMID- 38818372 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250112 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 38 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Central nervous system manifestations following vaccination against COVID-19. PG - 100788 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100788 [doi] LID - 100788 AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination has become the most effective countermeasure in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. However, vaccination is associated with side effects. This narrative review focuses on central nervous system (CNS) manifestations following COVID-19 vaccination and provides a summary of the potential underlying mechanisms and methods of diagnosis and management of the vaccination-related CNS manifestations. Headache, myalgia, optic neuritis, seizure, multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and encephalitis, delirium, acute transverse myelitis, and stroke have been reported after COVID-19 vaccination. Constant headache and myalgia are common manifestations that may necessitate further clinical investigation for stroke. To limit consequences, it is imperative to follow standard treatment protocols for each neurological disorder following COVID-19 vaccination. Immunosuppressive medication can be helpful in the treatment of seizures following vaccination since the immune response is involved in their etiology. Clinicians should be aware of the manifestations after COVID-19 vaccination to respond promptly and effectively. Clinical guidelines for the management of CNS manifestations following COVID-19 vaccination are in high demand and would be useful in each new SARS-CoV-2 variant pandemic. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. FAU - Khatami, Seyed Sepehr AU - Khatami SS AD - Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Revheim, Mona-Elisabeth AU - Revheim ME AD - The Intervention Center, Division of Technology and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Hoilund-Carlsen, Poul Flemming AU - Hoilund-Carlsen PF AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Research Unit of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. FAU - Alavi, Abass AU - Alavi A AD - Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Ghorbani Shirkouhi, Samaneh AU - Ghorbani Shirkouhi S AD - School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran. FAU - Andalib, Sasan AU - Andalib S AD - Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. AD - Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240503 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC11137405 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Central nervous system OT - Complications OT - Neurology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccination COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/05/31 06:42 MHDA- 2024/05/31 06:43 PMCR- 2024/05/03 CRDT- 2024/05/31 04:00 PHST- 2023/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/05/31 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/31 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/31 04:00 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(24)00066-8 [pii] AID - 100788 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100788 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2024 May 3;38:100788. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100788. eCollection 2024 Jul. PMID- 38818170 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240601 IS - 2405-8440 (Print) IS - 2405-8440 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8440 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 10 DP - 2024 May 30 TI - COVID-19 vaccination may prevent postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery: The PNDRFAP and PNDABLE studies. PG - e30414 LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30414 [doi] LID - e30414 AB - BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium (POD) often occurs in elderly patients after surgery. We conducted two clinical studies to determine whether COVID-19 vaccination has a protective effect on POD and to explore the role of CSF biomarkers in this process. METHODS: We conducted two clinical studies, Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder Risk Factor and Prognosis (PNDRFAP) and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder and Biomarker Lifestyle (PNDABLE), in which patients more than or equal to 65 years old who have had elective non-cardiac surgery were enrolled. The preoperative cognitive status of patients were evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) one day preoperatively. Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) was used to diagnose POD. We used the mediation model to analyze the relationship between CSF biomarkers, COVID-19 vaccination and POD, as well as Dynamic Nomogram to calculate the incidence of Non-Postoperative Delirium (NPOD). The main outcome of these studies was the incidence of POD during seven days postoperatively or before discharge, which was assessed by CAM. RESULTS: In the final, 705 participants were enrolled in the PNDRFAP study, and 638 patients in the PNDABLE. In both studies, we found that the occurrence of POD was lower in patients who had injected COVID-19 vaccination before surgery compared with those without vaccination (PNDRFAP: 10.20 % [21/205] vs 25.80 % [129/500], P < 0.001; PNDABLE: 2.40 % [4/164] vs 34.60 % [164/474], P < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that the protective effect of preoperative COVID-19 vaccine on POD was significantly mediated by CSF Abeta42 (proportion = 17.56 %), T-tau (proportion = 19.64 %), Abeta42/T-tau (proportion = 29.67 %), and Abeta42/P-tau (proportion = 12.26 %). CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 vaccine is a protective factor for POD in old patients, which is associated with CSF biomarkers. CI - (c) 2024 Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Zhang, Haoran AU - Zhang H AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China. FAU - Zhang, Aihua AU - Zhang A AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China. FAU - Lin, Yanan AU - Lin Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China. FAU - Li, Chuan AU - Li C AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China. FAU - Yang, Yunchao AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China. FAU - Dong, Rui AU - Dong R AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China. FAU - Lin, Xu AU - Lin X AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China. FAU - Wang, Bin AU - Wang B AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China. FAU - Bi, Yanlin AU - Bi Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240507 PL - England TA - Heliyon JT - Heliyon JID - 101672560 PMC - PMC11137356 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - CSF biomarkers OT - Mediation analysis OT - Perioperative neurocognitive disorders OT - Postoperative delirium COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/05/31 06:41 MHDA- 2024/05/31 06:42 PMCR- 2024/05/07 CRDT- 2024/05/31 03:57 PHST- 2023/11/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/05/31 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/31 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/31 03:57 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-8440(24)06445-4 [pii] AID - e30414 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30414 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Heliyon. 2024 May 7;10(10):e30414. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30414. eCollection 2024 May 30. PMID- 38807606 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240529 LR - 20260629 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Non-cross-reactive epitopes dominate the humoral immune response to COVID-19 vaccination - kinetics of plasma antibodies, plasmablasts and memory B cells. PG - 1382911 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382911 [doi] LID - 1382911 AB - INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 vaccines are highly effective in inducing protective immunity. While the serum antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination has been studied in depth, our knowledge of the underlying plasmablast and memory B cell (Bmem) responses is still incomplete. Here, we determined the antibody and B cell response to COVID-19 vaccination in a naive population and contrasted it with the response to a single influenza vaccination in a primed cohort. In addition, we analyzed the antibody and B cell responses against the four endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs). METHODS: Measurement of specific plasma IgG antibodies was combined with functional analyses of antibody-secreting plasmablasts and Bmems. SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-specific IgG antibodies were quantified with an in-house bead-based multiplexed immunoassay. RESULTS: The antibody and B cell responses to COVID-19 vaccination reflected the kinetics of a prime-boost immunization, characterized by a slow and moderate primary response and a faster and stronger secondary response. In contrast, the influenza vaccinees possessed robust immune memory for the vaccine antigens prior to vaccination, and the recall vaccination moderately boosted antibody production and Bmem responses. Antibody levels and Bmem responses waned several months after the 2(nd) COVID-19 vaccination, but were restored upon the 3(rd) vaccination. The COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibodies mainly targeted novel, non-cross-reactive S1 epitopes of the viral spike protein, while cross-reactive S2 epitopes were less immunogenic. Booster vaccination not only strongly enhanced neutralizing antibodies against an original SARS-CoV-2 strain, but also induced neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron BA.2 variant. We observed a 100% plasma antibody prevalence against the S1 subunits of HCoVs, which was not affected by vaccination. DISCUSSION: Overall, by complementing classical serology with a functional evaluation of plasmablasts and memory B cells we provide new insights into the specificity of COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody and B cell responses. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Wietschel, Fechtner, Antileo, Abdurrahman, Drechsler, Makuvise, Rose, Voss, Krumbholz, Michalik, Weiss, Ulm, Franikowski, Fickenscher, Broker, Raafat and Holtfreter. FAU - Wietschel, Kilian A AU - Wietschel KA AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Fechtner, Kevin AU - Fechtner K AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Antileo, Elmer AU - Antileo E AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Abdurrahman, Goran AU - Abdurrahman G AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Drechsler, Chiara A AU - Drechsler CA AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Makuvise, Michelle Kudzayi AU - Makuvise MK AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Rose, Ruben AU - Rose R AD - Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Voss, Mathias AU - Voss M AD - Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Krumbholz, Andi AU - Krumbholz A AD - Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. AD - Labor Dr. Krause und Kollegen MVZ GmbH, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Michalik, Stephan AU - Michalik S AD - Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Weiss, Stefan AU - Weiss S AD - Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Ulm, Lena AU - Ulm L AD - Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Franikowski, Philipp AU - Franikowski P AD - Institute for Educational Quality Improvement, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Fickenscher, Helmut AU - Fickenscher H AD - Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Broker, Barbara M AU - Broker BM AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. FAU - Raafat, Dina AU - Raafat D AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. FAU - Holtfreter, Silva AU - Holtfreter S AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240514 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Cross Reactions/immunology MH - Female MH - *Plasma Cells/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Immunoglobulin G/immunology/blood MH - Vaccination MH - Influenza Vaccines/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/blood MH - Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Kinetics PMC - PMC11130424 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - HCoV OT - cross-reactive antibodies OT - dynamics OT - influenza OT - memory B cell OT - original antigenic sin OT - plasmablast COIS- Author AK was employed by Labor Dr. Krause und Kollegen MVZ GmbH. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/05/29 06:42 MHDA- 2024/05/29 06:43 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/05/29 03:34 PHST- 2024/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/05/29 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/29 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/29 03:34 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382911 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 May 14;15:1382911. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382911. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38806183 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241128 LR - 20241129 IS - 1460-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1460-2393 (Linking) VI - 117 IP - 10 DP - 2024 Oct 1 TI - A potential association between COVID-19 vaccination and development of Alzheimer's disease. PG - 709-716 LID - 10.1093/qjmed/hcae103 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic extend to concerns about vaccine side effects, particularly potential links to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). AIM: This study investigates the association between COVID-19 vaccination and the onset of AD and its prodromal state, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). DESIGN: A nationwide, retrospective cohort study leveraging data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service was conducted. METHODS: The study, conducted in Seoul, South Korea, analyzed data from a random 50% sample of city residents aged 65 and above, totaling 558 017 individuals. Participants were divided into vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, with vaccinations including mRNA and cDNA vaccines. The study focused on AD and MCI incidences post-vaccination, identified via ICD-10 codes, using multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses. Patients with vascular dementia or Parkinson's disease served as controls. RESULTS: Findings showed an increased incidence of MCI and AD in vaccinated individuals, particularly those receiving mRNA vaccines, within three months post-vaccination. The mRNA vaccine group exhibited a significantly higher incidence of AD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.225; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.025-1.464; P = 0.026) and MCI (OR: 2.377; CI: 1.845-3.064; P < 0.001) compared to the unvaccinated group. No significant relationship was found with vascular dementia or Parkinson's disease. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary evidence suggests a potential link between COVID-19 vaccination, particularly mRNA vaccines, and increased incidences of AD and MCI. This warrants the need for further research to elucidate the relationship between vaccine-induced immune responses and neurodegenerative processes, advocating for continuous monitoring and investigation into the vaccines' long-term neurological impacts. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Physicians. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Roh, Jee Hoon AU - Roh JH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3243-0529 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Neurology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Inha AU - Jung I AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Suh, Yunsun AU - Suh Y AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Kim, Min-Ho AU - Kim MH AD - Informatization Department, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. LA - eng GR - RS-2023-00220894/National Research Foundation/ GR - Korea Dementia Research/ GR - Korea Dementia Research Center/ GR - HU21C0066/Ministry of Health & Welfare and Ministry of Science and ICT/ GR - K2123751/Korea University/ GR - Republic of Korea/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - QJM JT - QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians JID - 9438285 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology/etiology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Incidence MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Vaccination/adverse effects EDAT- 2024/05/29 00:49 MHDA- 2024/11/29 05:20 CRDT- 2024/05/28 20:34 PHST- 2024/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/29 05:20 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/29 00:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/28 20:34 [entrez] AID - 7684274 [pii] AID - 10.1093/qjmed/hcae103 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - QJM. 2024 Oct 1;117(10):709-716. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcae103. PMID- 38805304 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240930 LR - 20260610 IS - 2374-4243 (Electronic) IS - 2374-4243 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 10 DP - 2024 Oct TI - Multiparametric analysis of the specific immune response against SARS-CoV-2. PG - 851-869 LID - 10.1080/23744235.2024.2358379 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, has killed more than 7 million people worldwide. Understanding the development of postinfectious and postvaccination immune responses is necessary for effective treatment and the introduction of appropriate antipandemic measures. OBJECTIVES: We analysed humoral and cell-mediated anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses to spike (S), nucleocapsid (N), membrane (M), and open reading frame (O) proteins in individuals collected up to 1.5 years after COVID-19 onset and evaluated immune memory. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum were collected from patients after COVID-19. Sampling was performed in two rounds: 3-6 months after infection and after another year. Most of the patients were vaccinated between samplings. SARS-CoV-2-seronegative donors served as controls. ELISpot assays were used to detect SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cells using peptide pools (S, NMO) or recombinant proteins (rS, rN), respectively. A CEF peptide pool consisting of selected viral epitopes was applied to assess the antiviral T-cell response. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were detected via ELISA and a surrogate virus neutralisation assay. RESULTS: We confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces the establishment of long-term memory IgG(+) B cells and memory T cells. We also found that vaccination enhanced the levels of anti-S memory B and T cells. Multivariate comparison also revealed the benefit of repeated vaccination. Interestingly, the T-cell response to CEF was lower in patients than in controls. CONCLUSION: This study supports the importance of repeated vaccination for enhancing immunity and suggests a possible long-term perturbation of the overall antiviral immune response caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. FAU - Vranova, Lucie AU - Vranova L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-0082-5866 AD - Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic. FAU - Polakova, Ingrid AU - Polakova I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1315-0924 AD - Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic. FAU - Vanikova, Sarka AU - Vanikova S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4011-5294 AD - Department of Immunomonitoring and Flow Cytometry, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Salakova, Martina AU - Salakova M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0827-1211 AD - Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic. FAU - Musil, Jan AU - Musil J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9378-5956 AD - Department of Immunomonitoring and Flow Cytometry, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Vanickova, Marie AU - Vanickova M AD - Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic. FAU - Vencalek, Ondrej AU - Vencalek O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8340-1429 AD - Department of Mathematical Analysis and Applications of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic. FAU - Holub, Michal AU - Holub M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1894-2605 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Military University Hospital Prague and Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Bohonek, Milos AU - Bohonek M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6774-2648 AD - Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. AD - Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Rezac, David AU - Rezac D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4089-8938 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Military University Hospital Prague and Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Dresler, Jiri AU - Dresler J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1449-6038 AD - Military Health Institute, Military Medical Agency, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Tachezy, Ruth AU - Tachezy R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7689-9727 AD - Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic. FAU - Smahel, Michal AU - Smahel M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0366-4932 AD - Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240528 PL - England TA - Infect Dis (Lond) JT - Infectious diseases (London, England) JID - 101650235 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Immunity, Cellular/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - ELISpot OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive immunity OT - antibody OT - immune memory OT - virus neutralisation assay EDAT- 2024/05/28 18:42 MHDA- 2024/09/30 22:18 CRDT- 2024/05/28 12:03 PHST- 2024/09/30 22:18 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/28 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/28 12:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/23744235.2024.2358379 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Infect Dis (Lond). 2024 Oct;56(10):851-869. doi: 10.1080/23744235.2024.2358379. Epub 2024 May 28. PMID- 38798859 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240527 LR - 20240801 IS - 2807-2618 (Electronic) IS - 2807-2618 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Apr TI - Factors associated with cognitive impairment and the quality-of-life among COVID-19 survivors working as healthcare workers. PG - e658 LID - 10.52225/narra.v4i1.658 [doi] LID - e658 AB - Prolonged physical and mental health changes, known as post-COVID conditions (PCC), could impair the quality-of-life (QoL) of healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to identify factors that contribute to cognitive impairments and QoL among COVID-19 survivors working as healthcare workers. This cross-sectional study involved healthcare workers at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to assess the cognitive function, while the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire was used to evaluate the QoL. Factors associated with cognitive and QoL status were examined using Mann-Whitney and Chi-squared tests. A total of 100 COVID-19 survivors were included in the study, most of whom were female (74%), aged 20 million and of encephalitis lethargica approximately 1 million. For lessons to be learned from this pandemic, it makes sense to compare it with the COVID-19 pandemic, which occurred 100 years later. Biomedical progress had enabled testing, vaccinations, and drug therapies accompanied by public health measures such as social distancing, contact tracing, wearing face masks, and frequent hand washing. From todays' perspective, these public health measures are time honored but not sufficiently proven effective, especially when applied in the context of a vaccination strategy. Also, the protective effects of lockdowns of schools, universities, and other institutions and the restrictions on travel and personal visits to hospitals or old-age homes are not precisely known. Preparedness is still a demand for a future pandemic. Clinical trials should determine the comparative effectiveness of such public health measures, especially for their use as a combination strategy with vaccination and individual testing of asymptomatic individuals. It is important for neurologists to realize that during a pandemic the treatment possibilities for acute stroke and other neurological emergencies are reduced, which has previously led to an increase of mortality and suffering. To increase preparedness for a future pandemic, neurologists play an important role, as the case load of acute and chronic neurological patients will be higher as well as the needs for rehabilitation. Finally, new chronic forms of postviral disease will likely be added, as was the case for postencephalitic parkinsonism a century ago and now has occurred as long COVID. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology. FAU - Brainin, Michael AU - Brainin M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8363-4962 AD - Department for Clinical Neurosciences and Preventive Medicine, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria. FAU - Teuschl, Yvonne AU - Teuschl Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1755-7943 AD - Department for Clinical Neurosciences and Preventive Medicine, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria. FAU - Gelpi, Ellen AU - Gelpi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2948-4187 AD - Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. LA - eng PT - Historical Article PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240514 PL - England TA - Eur J Neurol JT - European journal of neurology JID - 9506311 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - History, 20th Century MH - Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic/history/therapy/epidemiology MH - Influenza, Human/epidemiology/history/prevention & control/therapy MH - Pandemics PMC - PMC11464390 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - encephalitis lethargica OT - history of neurology OT - public health COIS- None of the authors has any conflict of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2024/05/15 06:42 MHDA- 2024/10/10 06:23 PMCR- 2024/05/14 CRDT- 2024/05/15 00:54 PHST- 2024/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/10 06:23 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/15 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/15 00:54 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ENE16312 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ene.16312 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Neurol. 2024 Nov;31(11):e16312. doi: 10.1111/ene.16312. Epub 2024 May 14. PMID- 38717738 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240628 LR - 20250708 IS - 1938-3673 (Electronic) IS - 0741-5400 (Linking) VI - 116 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jun 28 TI - Presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells before vaccination in the Mexican population. PG - 95-102 LID - 10.1093/jleuko/qiae111 [doi] AB - The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively studied following the pandemic outbreak in 2020; however, the presence of specific T cells against SARS-CoV-2 before vaccination has not been evaluated in Mexico. In this study, we estimated the frequency of T CD4+ and T CD8+ cells that exhibit a specific response to S (spike) and N (nucleocapsid) proteins in a Mexican population. We collected 78 peripheral blood samples from unvaccinated subjects, and the presence of antibodies against spike (RBD) and N protein was determined. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and stimulated with a pool of S or N protein peptides (Wuhan-Hu-1 strain). IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-2, IL-8, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and GM-CSF levels were quantified in the supernatant of the activated cells, and the cells were stained to assess the activation and memory phenotypes. Differential activation frequency dependent on serological status was observed in CD4+ cells but not in CD8+ cells. The predominantly activated population was the central memory T CD4+ cells. Only 10% of the population exhibited the same phenotype with respect to the response to nucleocapsid peptides. The cytokine profile differed between the S and N responses. S peptides induced a more proinflammatory response compared with the N peptides. In conclusion, in a Mexican cohort before vaccination, there was a significant response to the S and N SARS-CoV-2 proteins resulting from previous infections with seasonal coronaviruses or previous undetected exposure to SARS-CoV-2. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Leukocyte Biology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site-for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Hernandez-Galicia, Gabriela AU - Hernandez-Galicia G AD - Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, 2508 Instituto Politecnico Nacional Avenue, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Gomez-Morales, Luis AU - Gomez-Morales L AD - Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, 2508 Instituto Politecnico Nacional Avenue, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Manuel Carpio and Plan de Ayala St, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Lopez-Bailon, Luis Uriel AU - Lopez-Bailon LU AD - Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, 2508 Instituto Politecnico Nacional Avenue, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Manuel Carpio and Plan de Ayala St, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Valdovinos-Torres, Humberto AU - Valdovinos-Torres H AD - Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, 655 Universidad Avenue, 62100, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Contreras-Ochoa, Carla O AU - Contreras-Ochoa CO AD - Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, 655 Universidad Avenue, 62100, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Diaz Benitez, Cinthya Estefhany AU - Diaz Benitez CE AD - Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, 655 Universidad Avenue, 62100, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Martinez-Barnetche, Jesus AU - Martinez-Barnetche J AD - Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, 655 Universidad Avenue, 62100, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Alpuche-Aranda, Celia AU - Alpuche-Aranda C AD - Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, 655 Universidad Avenue, 62100, Cuernavaca, Mexico. FAU - Ortiz-Navarrete, Vianney AU - Ortiz-Navarrete V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6546-9713 AD - Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, 2508 Instituto Politecnico Nacional Avenue, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Leukoc Biol JT - Journal of leukocyte biology JID - 8405628 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (nucleocapsid phosphoprotein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Phosphoproteins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Mexico/epidemiology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - *Vaccination MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Young Adult MH - Phosphoproteins/immunology MH - Aged MH - Lymphocyte Activation/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mexican population OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell OT - immune memory OT - vaccination COIS- Conflict of interest statement. None declared. EDAT- 2024/05/08 12:44 MHDA- 2024/06/28 18:42 CRDT- 2024/05/08 11:22 PHST- 2023/08/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/04/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/28 18:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/08 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/08 11:22 [entrez] AID - 7667143 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jleuko/qiae111 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Leukoc Biol. 2024 Jun 28;116(1):95-102. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae111. PMID- 38700304 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240503 LR - 20240520 IS - 0004-5772 (Print) IS - 0004-5772 (Linking) VI - 71 IP - 9 DP - 2023 Sep TI - Comparison of Guillain-Barre Syndrome Cases during and Prior to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicentric Study. PG - 69-71 LID - 10.59556/japi.71.0317 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is one of the most common neurological manifestations associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Although data for a strong causal association is lacking, anecdotal reports, case series and systematic reviews linking the two have emerged in the literature. This prompted us to compare the clinical features, electrophysiology, and outcomes of GBS cases presenting during the pandemic with cases reported during a similar time period prior to the pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective data of GBS cases diagnosed as per the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) criteria was collected for a 6-month period (July-December 2021) at three tertiary care teaching hospitals during the coronavirus pandemic and compared with retrospective records-based data of cases prior to the pandemic (January-July 2019). RESULTS: A total of 40 cases were included in the cases, out of which 17 were in the prepandemic and 23 in the postpandemic period. A total of three cases temporally related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and four cases following COVID-19 vaccination were seen in the pandemic cohort. The clinical features, electrophysiological features, and outcomes were comparable during both periods. A slightly higher rate of in-hospital complications and single mortality was reported in the postpandemic period. DISCUSSION: The number of GBS hospital admissions, clinical presentation, electrodiagnostic features, and short-term outcomes did not differ significantly between the prepandemic and postpandemic periods; a slightly higher incidence of in-hospital complications was observed during the pandemic period. How to cite this article: Panicker P, R D, V AG, et al. Comparison of Guillain-Barre Syndrome Cases during and Prior to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicentric Study. J Assoc Physicians India 2023;71(9):69-71. CI - (c) Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2023. FAU - Panicker, Praveen AU - Panicker P AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Corresponding Author. FAU - R, Dileep AU - R D AD - Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. FAU - Gafoor, Abdul V AU - Gafoor AV AD - Additional Professor, Department of Neurology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India. FAU - R, Prasanth S AU - R PS AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Government Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala, India. FAU - Iype, Thomas AU - Iype T AD - Professor and HOD, Department of Neurology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. FAU - Jose, James AU - Jose J AD - Professor and HOD, Department of Neurology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India. FAU - Stanley, Antony AU - Stanley A AD - Research Associate, Sree Achuta Menon Centre, Sree Chithira Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PL - India TA - J Assoc Physicians India JT - The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India JID - 7505585 SB - IM MH - *Guillain-Barre Syndrome/epidemiology/diagnosis MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - India/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Prospective Studies EDAT- 2024/05/03 12:52 MHDA- 2024/05/03 12:53 CRDT- 2024/05/03 09:00 PHST- 2024/05/03 12:53 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/03 12:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/03 09:00 [entrez] AID - 10.59556/japi.71.0317 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Assoc Physicians India. 2023 Sep;71(9):69-71. doi: 10.59556/japi.71.0317. PMID- 38693500 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240502 LR - 20240504 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 May 1 TI - Incidence and risk factors of post COVID-19 syndrome: a Tunisian cohort study. PG - 461 LID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08949-8 [doi] LID - 461 AB - BACKGROUND: It has become increasingly clear that SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to persistent physical and mental health problems lasting weeks or months, requiring prolonged periods of clinical care and increasing the burden on the healthcare system. This phenomenon, known as post COVID-19 syndrome (PCS), is a relatively new condition, its incidence is still unclear and differs between studies. OBJECTIVES: In this cohort study, we aimed to estimate the incidence of PCS and to identify its risk factors in the Tunisian population. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study that enrolled patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from the triage unit of the University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia. between April 2021 and June 2022. Patients were contacted by phone for a follow-up evaluation of PCS 12- weeks after the diagnosis date. RESULTS: A total of 1451 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 during the study period, responded to the follow-up evaluation after 3 months. The incidence of PCS was found to be 44.03% (95% CI [41.47; 46.58]), with fatigue being the most common symptom (21.5%), followed by cognitive impairment (10.3%), including memory loss and difficulty concentrating. Multivariate analysis revealed that the main associated factors to PCS were female gender (RR = 1.54; CI95% [1.30 - 1.82]), pre-existing comorbidities (RR = 1.30; CI95% [1.10 - 1.52]), duration of acute COVID-19 illness (days) (RR = 1.02; CI95% [1.01 - 1.03]), hospitalization (RR = 1.27; CI95% [1.05 - 1.53]), number of COVID-19 episodes (RR = 1.46; CI 95% [1.28 - 1.67]) and patients having receive two or more doses of vaccine prior to COVID-19 infection (RR = 0.82; CI95% [0.70 - 0.96]). CONCLUSION: Our study allowed to estimate the incidence and identify risk factors of PCS. Recognizing these factors could help to better understand the underlying mechanisms and guide interventions for prevention and management of this condition. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Zemni, Imen AU - Zemni I AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. imen11zemni@gmail.com. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. imen11zemni@gmail.com. AD - Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory - LTIM - LR12ES06, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. imen11zemni@gmail.com. FAU - Gara, Amel AU - Gara A AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Bennasrallah, Cyrine AU - Bennasrallah C AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory - LTIM - LR12ES06, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Ezzar, Salma AU - Ezzar S AD - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Kacem, Meriem AU - Kacem M AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory - LTIM - LR12ES06, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Chokri, Roua AU - Chokri R AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Maatouk, Amani AU - Maatouk A AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Abroug, Hela AU - Abroug H AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory - LTIM - LR12ES06, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Dhouib, Wafa AU - Dhouib W AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory - LTIM - LR12ES06, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Fredj, Manel Ben AU - Fredj MB AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory - LTIM - LR12ES06, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Bouanene, Ines AU - Bouanene I AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Belguith, Asma Sriha AU - Belguith AS AD - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. AD - Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory - LTIM - LR12ES06, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240501 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Incidence MH - Risk Factors MH - Middle Aged MH - Tunisia/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Adult MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Aged MH - Cohort Studies MH - Fatigue/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology PMC - PMC11064346 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Incidence OT - Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome OT - Prospective studies OT - Risk factors OT - Tunisia COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/05/02 00:49 MHDA- 2024/05/02 06:42 PMCR- 2024/05/01 CRDT- 2024/05/01 23:34 PHST- 2023/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/05/02 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/02 00:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/01 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08949-8 [pii] AID - 8949 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08949-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2024 May 1;24(1):461. doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08949-8. PMID- 38692086 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240614 LR - 20240614 IS - 1873-5150 (Electronic) IS - 0887-8994 (Linking) VI - 156 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Severe Neurological Manifestation Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children During the Omicron Variant-Predominant Period. PG - 17-25 LID - S0887-8994(24)00131-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.04.004 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is known to be more infectious and less severe than the other variants. Despite the increasing number of symptomatic patients, severe neurological complications in children with the Omicron variant have been reported rarely, unlike with wild-type or Delta variants. This study aimed to investigate severe neurological complications in children with Omicron variant infection. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 17 pediatric patients with severe neurological manifestations associated with coronavirus disease 2019 in Korea during the Omicron variant prevalence, from January 1 to April 30, 2022. RESULTS: Among the 17 patients, 11 had pre-existing neurological disabilities and nine met the criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Four of the five vaccine-eligible patients (12 years and older) were unvaccinated. Severe neurological manifestations included acute necrotizing encephalopathy, acute fulminant cerebral edema, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, basal ganglia encephalitis, unclassified severe encephalopathy/encephalitis, and refractory status dystonicus. Patients with MIS-C and underlying neurological disabilities had longer median hospital and intensive care unit stays compared with those without these conditions. Five patients survived with new neurological deficits at the one-year follow-up, and three died, all of whom had underlying neurological disabilities. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that severe neurological complications in pediatric patients with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 occur infrequently but may lead to significant morbidity and mortality, especially among those with pre-existing neurological disabilities and unvaccinated individuals. Continued efforts are necessary to prevent and manage such complications in these vulnerable populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kim, Minhye AU - Kim M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Choi, Younghun AU - Choi Y AD - Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Soo Yeon AU - Kim SY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Cho, Anna AU - Cho A AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Hunmin AU - Kim H AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Chae, Jong Hee AU - Chae JH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Ki Joong AU - Kim KJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Park, Dasom AU - Park D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inha University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea. FAU - Kwon, Young Se AU - Kwon YS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inha University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea. FAU - Kim, Min-Jee AU - Kim MJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Yum, Mi-Sun AU - Yum MS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kong, Ju Hyun AU - Kong JH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea. FAU - Lee, Yoon Jin AU - Lee YJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea. FAU - Lim, Byung Chan AU - Lim BC AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: prabbit7@snu.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240407 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Neurol JT - Pediatric neurology JID - 8508183 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants RN - pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease, COVID-19 related SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Child, Preschool MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Adolescent MH - Republic of Korea MH - Infant MH - Nervous System Diseases/etiology MH - Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Children OT - Neurology OT - Neuroradiologic manifestations OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/05/02 00:48 MHDA- 2024/06/15 10:43 CRDT- 2024/05/01 18:09 PHST- 2023/03/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/04/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/15 10:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/02 00:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/01 18:09 [entrez] AID - S0887-8994(24)00131-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.04.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Neurol. 2024 Jul;156:17-25. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.04.004. Epub 2024 Apr 7. PMID- 38687984 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240430 LR - 20250513 IS - 2369-2960 (Electronic) IS - 2369-2960 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2024 Apr 30 TI - Defining the Subtypes of Long COVID and Risk Factors for Prolonged Disease: Population-Based Case-Crossover Study. PG - e49841 LID - 10.2196/49841 [doi] LID - e49841 AB - BACKGROUND: There have been over 772 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide. A significant portion of these infections will lead to long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) and its attendant morbidities and costs. Numerous life-altering complications have already been associated with the development of long COVID, including chronic fatigue, brain fog, and dangerous heart rhythms. OBJECTIVE: We aim to derive an actionable long COVID case definition consisting of significantly increased signs, symptoms, and diagnoses to support pandemic-related clinical, public health, research, and policy initiatives. METHODS: This research employs a case-crossover population-based study using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) data generated at Veterans Affairs medical centers nationwide between January 1, 2020, and August 18, 2022. In total, 367,148 individuals with ICD-10-CM data both before and after a positive COVID-19 test were selected for analysis. We compared ICD-10-CM codes assigned 1 to 7 months following each patient's positive test with those assigned up to 6 months prior. Further, 350,315 patients had novel codes assigned during this window of time. We defined signs, symptoms, and diagnoses as being associated with long COVID if they had a novel case frequency of >/=1:1000, and they significantly increased in our entire cohort after a positive test. We present odds ratios with CIs for long COVID signs, symptoms, and diagnoses, organized by ICD-10-CM functional groups and medical specialty. We used our definition to assess long COVID risk based on a patient's demographics, Elixhauser score, vaccination status, and COVID-19 disease severity. RESULTS: We developed a long COVID definition consisting of 323 ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes grouped into 143 ICD-10-CM functional groups that were significantly increased in our 367,148 patient post-COVID-19 population. We defined 17 medical-specialty long COVID subtypes such as cardiology long COVID. Patients who were COVID-19-positive developed signs, symptoms, or diagnoses included in our long COVID definition at a proportion of at least 59.7% (268,320/449,450, based on a denominator of all patients who were COVID-19-positive). The long COVID cohort was 8 years older with more comorbidities (2-year Elixhauser score 7.97 in the patients with long COVID vs 4.21 in the patients with non-long COVID). Patients who had a more severe bout of COVID-19, as judged by their minimum oxygen saturation level, were also more likely to develop long COVID. CONCLUSIONS: An actionable, data-driven definition of long COVID can help clinicians screen for and diagnose long COVID, allowing identified patients to be admitted into appropriate monitoring and treatment programs. This long COVID definition can also support public health, research, and policy initiatives. Patients with COVID-19 who are older or have low oxygen saturation levels during their bout of COVID-19, or those who have multiple comorbidities should be preferentially watched for the development of long COVID. CI - (c)Skyler Resendez, Steven H Brown, Hugo Sebastian Ruiz Ayala, Prahalad Rangan, Jonathan Nebeker, Diane Montella, Peter L Elkin. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 30.04.2024. FAU - Resendez, Skyler AU - Resendez S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0422-2335 AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States. FAU - Brown, Steven H AU - Brown SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6103-1845 AD - Office of Health Informatics, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - Ruiz Ayala, Hugo Sebastian AU - Ruiz Ayala HS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9458-1177 AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States. FAU - Rangan, Prahalad AU - Rangan P AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-3095-7255 AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States. FAU - Nebeker, Jonathan AU - Nebeker J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5355-5008 AD - Office of Health Informatics, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - Montella, Diane AU - Montella D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9396-8798 AD - Office of Health Informatics, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - Elkin, Peter L AU - Elkin PL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9616-6811 AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States. AD - Office of Health Informatics, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, United States. LA - eng GR - R21 AA026954/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States GR - R25 LM014213/LM/NLM NIH HHS/United States GR - T15 LM012495/LM/NLM NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR001412/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20240430 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Public Health Surveill JT - JMIR public health and surveillance JID - 101669345 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Risk Factors MH - Male MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Female MH - *Cross-Over Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Aged MH - International Classification of Diseases MH - Adult PMC - PMC11094603 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 testing OT - COVID-19 treatment OT - PASC OT - United States OT - Veterans Affairs OT - clinician OT - diagnosis OT - health care support OT - long COVID OT - long COVID cause OT - mobile phone OT - pandemic OT - policy initiatives OT - postacute sequelae of COVID-19 OT - public health OT - public safety COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2024/04/30 18:49 MHDA- 2024/04/30 18:50 PMCR- 2024/04/30 CRDT- 2024/04/30 16:53 PHST- 2023/06/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/04/30 18:50 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/30 18:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/30 16:53 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e49841 [pii] AID - 10.2196/49841 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2024 Apr 30;10:e49841. doi: 10.2196/49841. PMID- 38684819 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240429 LR - 20240502 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Apr 29 TI - PASC (Post Acute Sequelae of COVID-19) is associated with decreased neutralizing antibody titers in both biological sexes and increased ANG-2 and GM-CSF in females. PG - 9854 LID - 10.1038/s41598-024-60089-4 [doi] LID - 9854 AB - Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) or the continuation of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) symptoms past 12 weeks may affect as many as 30% of people recovering from a SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2) infection. The mechanisms regulating the development of PASC are currently not known; however, hypotheses include virus reservoirs, pre-existing conditions, microblood clots, immune dysregulation, as well as poor antibody responses. Importantly, virus neutralizing antibodies are essential for COVID-19 recovery and protection from reinfection but there is currently limited information on these immune regulators and associated cytokines in PASC patients. Understanding the key drivers of general and specific symptoms associated with Long COVID and the presence of virus neutralizing antibodies in PASC will aid in the development of therapeutics, diagnostics, and vaccines which currently do not exist. We designed a cross-sectional study to investigate systemic antibody and cytokine responses during COVID-19 recovery and PASC. In total, 195 participants were recruited in one of four groups: (1) Those who never had COVID-19 (No COVID); (2) Those in acute COVID-19 recovery (Acute Recovery) (4-12 weeks post infection); (3) Those who recovered from COVID-19 (Recovered) (+ 12 weeks from infection); and (4) those who had PASC (PASC) (+ 12 weeks from infection). Participants completed a questionnaire on health history, sex, gender, demographics, experiences with COVID-19 acute and COVID-19 recovery/continuing symptoms. Serum samples collected were evaluated for antibody binding to viral proteins, virus neutralizing antibody titers, and serum cytokine levels using Ella SimplePlex Immunoassay panels. We found participants with PASC reported more pre-existing conditions (e.g. such as hypertension, asthma, and obesity), and PASC symptoms (e.g. fatigue, brain fog, headaches, and shortness of breath) following COVID-19 than COVID-19 Recovered individuals. Importantly, we found PASC individuals to have significantly decreased levels of neutralizing antibodies toward both SARS-CoV-2 and the Omicron BA.1 variant. Sex analysis indicated that female PASC study participants had sustained antibody levels as well as levels of the inflammatory cytokines GM-CSF and ANG-2 over time following COVID-19. Our study reports people experiencing PASC had lower levels of virus neutralizing antibodies; however, the results are limited by the collection time post-COVID-19 and post-vaccination. Moreover, we found females experiencing PASC had sustained levels of GM-CSF and ANG-2. With lower levels of virus neutralizing antibodies, this data suggests that PASC individuals not only have had a suboptimal antibody response during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection but may also have increased susceptibility to subsequent infections which may exacerbate or prolong current PASC illnesses. We also provide evidence suggesting GM-CSF and ANG-2 to play a role in the sex-bias of PASC. Taken together, our findings maybe important for understanding immune molecular drivers of PASC and PASC subgroups. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Jansen, Ethan B AU - Jansen EB AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Ostadgavahi, Ali Toloue AU - Ostadgavahi AT AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Hewins, Benjamin AU - Hewins B AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Buchanan, Rachelle AU - Buchanan R AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Thivierge, Brittany M AU - Thivierge BM AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Sganzerla Martinez, Gustavo AU - Sganzerla Martinez G AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Goncin, Una AU - Goncin U AD - Department of Anesthesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Francis, Magen E AU - Francis ME AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Swan, Cynthia L AU - Swan CL AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Scruten, Erin AU - Scruten E AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Bell, Jack AU - Bell J AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Darbellay, Joseph AU - Darbellay J AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Facciuolo, Antonio AU - Facciuolo A AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. AD - Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Falzarano, Darryl AU - Falzarano D AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. AD - Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Gerdts, Volker AU - Gerdts V AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. AD - Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Fenton, Mark E AU - Fenton ME AD - Division of Respirology, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Hedlin, Peter AU - Hedlin P AD - Department of Anesthesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. FAU - Kelvin, David J AU - Kelvin DJ AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Kelvin, Alyson A AU - Kelvin AA AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. alyson.kelvin@usask.ca. LA - eng GR - GA2-177714/Canadian Institutes for Health Research/ GR - 6425/Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240429 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 83869-56-1 (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - EC 3.4.17.23 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/blood/virology MH - Female MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology/isolation & purification MH - *Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/immunology/blood MH - Adult MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Aged MH - Sex Factors MH - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism PMC - PMC11058778 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/04/30 00:42 MHDA- 2024/04/30 00:43 PMCR- 2024/04/29 CRDT- 2024/04/29 23:38 PHST- 2023/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/30 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/30 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/29 23:38 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-60089-4 [pii] AID - 60089 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-60089-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 29;14(1):9854. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-60089-4. PMID- 38676302 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241205 LR - 20260629 IS - 1468-1331 (Electronic) IS - 1351-5101 (Print) IS - 1351-5101 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jan TI - The European Academy of Neurology NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force: A lesson for the future. PG - e16321 LID - 10.1111/ene.16321 [doi] LID - e16321 AB - BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has made its mark on world history forever causing millions of deaths, and straining health systems, economies, and societies worldwide. The European Academy of Neurology (EAN) reacted promptly. A special NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force was set up at the beginning of the pandemic to promote knowledge, research, international collaborations, and raise awareness about the prevention and treatment of COVID-19-related neurological issues. METHODS: Activities carried out during and after the pandemic by the EAN NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force are described. The main aim was to review all these initiatives in detail as an overarching lesson from the past to improve the present and be better prepared in case of future pandemics. RESULTS: During the pandemic, the Task Force was engaged in several initiatives: the creation of the EAN NEuro-covid ReGistrY (ENERGY); the launch of several surveys (neurological manifestations of COVID-19 infection; the pandemic's impact on patients with chronic neurological diseases; the pandemic's impact of restrictions for clinical practice, curricular training, and health economics); the publication of position papers regarding the management of patients with neurological diseases during the pandemic, and vaccination hesitancy among people with chronic neurological disorders; and the creation of a dedicated "COVID-19 Breaking News" section in EANpages. CONCLUSIONS: The EAN NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force was immediately engaged in various activities to participate in the fight against COVID-19. The Task Force's concerted strategy may serve as a foundation for upcoming global neurological emergencies. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology. FAU - Cavallieri, Francesco AU - Cavallieri F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5836-1982 AD - Neurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy. FAU - Sellner, Johann AU - Sellner J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8749-5533 AD - Department of Neurology, Landesklinikum Mistelbach-Ganserndorf, Mistelbach, Austria. FAU - Akhvlediani, Tamar AU - Akhvlediani T AD - Neolab Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia. FAU - Bassetti, Claudio L AU - Bassetti CL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4535-0245 AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Bereczki, Daniel AU - Bereczki D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8374-0500 AD - Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Fanciulli, Alessandra AU - Fanciulli A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2854-4179 AD - Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. FAU - Filipovic, Sasa R AU - Filipovic SR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8508-3367 AD - Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Guekht, Alla AU - Guekht A AD - Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia. AD - Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia. FAU - Helbok, Raimund AU - Helbok R AD - Department of Neurology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria. FAU - Hochmeister, Sonja AU - Hochmeister S AD - Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Martinelli Boneschi, Filippo AU - Martinelli Boneschi F AD - Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - von Oertzen, Tim J AU - von Oertzen TJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2164-7842 AD - Medical Directorate, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Ozturk, Serefnur AU - Ozturk S AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. FAU - Priori, Alberto AU - Priori A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1549-3851 AD - Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Clinical Neurology Unit, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo and Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Ramankulov, Dauren AU - Ramankulov D AD - European Academy of Neurology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Willekens, Barbara AU - Willekens B AD - Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium. AD - Translational Neurosciences Research Group, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium. FAU - Rakusa, Martin AU - Rakusa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4433-3985 AD - Division of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia. FAU - Moro, Elena AU - Moro E AD - Grenoble Alpes University, CHU of Grenoble, Division of Neurology, Grenoble, France. CN - NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force of the European Academy of Neurology LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240426 PL - England TA - Eur J Neurol JT - European journal of neurology JID - 9506311 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - *Neurology MH - *Advisory Committees MH - Europe/epidemiology MH - *Nervous System Diseases/therapy MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Academies and Institutes PMC - PMC11618110 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - EAN OT - SARS-Cov-2 OT - neurology OT - pandemic COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. FIR - Crean, Michael IR - Crean M FIR - Di Liberto, Giovanni IR - Di Liberto G FIR - Jenkins, Thomas IR - Jenkins T FIR - Konti, Maria IR - Konti M FIR - Leone, Maurizio IR - Leone M FIR - Macerollo, Antonella IR - Macerollo A FIR - Maia, Luis IR - Maia L FIR - Oreja-Guevara, Celia IR - Oreja-Guevara C FIR - Pisani, Antonio IR - Pisani A FIR - Romoli, Michele IR - Romoli M FIR - Sauerbier, Anna IR - Sauerbier A FIR - Soffietti, Riccardo IR - Soffietti R FIR - Taba, Pille IR - Taba P FIR - Zedde, Marialuisa IR - Zedde M FIR - Bodini, Benedetta IR - Bodini B FIR - Beghi, Ettore IR - Beghi E EDAT- 2024/04/27 09:54 MHDA- 2024/12/05 06:22 PMCR- 2024/04/26 CRDT- 2024/04/27 01:33 PHST- 2024/03/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/05 06:22 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/27 09:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/27 01:33 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ENE16321 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ene.16321 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Neurol. 2025 Jan;32(1):e16321. doi: 10.1111/ene.16321. Epub 2024 Apr 26. PMID- 38672267 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240429 IS - 2227-9059 (Print) IS - 2227-9059 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9059 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Apr 20 TI - The Aftermath of COVID-19: Exploring the Long-Term Effects on Organ Systems. LID - 10.3390/biomedicines12040913 [doi] LID - 913 AB - BACKGROUND: Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) is a complicated disease that affects millions of people all over the world. Previous studies have shown that PASC impacts 10% of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients of which 50-70% are hospitalised. It has also been shown that 10-12% of those vaccinated against COVID-19 were affected by PASC and its complications. The severity and the later development of PASC symptoms are positively associated with the early intensity of the infection. RESULTS: The generated health complications caused by PASC involve a vast variety of organ systems. Patients affected by PASC have been diagnosed with neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms. The cardiovascular system also has been involved and several diseases such as myocarditis, pericarditis, and coronary artery diseases were reported. Chronic hematological problems such as thrombotic endothelialitis and hypercoagulability were described as conditions that could increase the risk of clotting disorders and coagulopathy in PASC patients. Chest pain, breathlessness, and cough in PASC patients were associated with the respiratory system in long-COVID causing respiratory distress syndrome. The observed immune complications were notable, involving several diseases. The renal system also was impacted, which resulted in raising the risk of diseases such as thrombotic issues, fibrosis, and sepsis. Endocrine gland malfunction can lead to diabetes, thyroiditis, and male infertility. Symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, loss of appetite, and taste were also among reported observations due to several gastrointestinal disorders. Skin abnormalities might be an indication of infection and long-term implications such as persistent cutaneous complaints linked to PASC. CONCLUSIONS: Long-COVID is a multidimensional syndrome with considerable public health implications, affecting several physiological systems and demanding thorough medical therapy, and more study to address its underlying causes and long-term effects is needed. FAU - Golzardi, Maryam AU - Golzardi M AD - Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka Cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Hromic-Jahjefendic, Altijana AU - Hromic-Jahjefendic A AD - Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka Cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Sutkovic, Jasmin AU - Sutkovic J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9962-6908 AD - Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka Cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Aydin, Orkun AU - Aydin O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0869-7394 AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka Cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Unal-Aydin, Pinar AU - Unal-Aydin P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2297-1057 AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka Cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Becirevic, Tea AU - Becirevic T AD - Atrijum Polyclinic, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Redwan, Elrashdy M AU - Redwan EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8246-0075 AD - Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. AD - Centre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. AD - Therapeutic and Protective Proteins Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt. FAU - Rubio-Casillas, Alberto AU - Rubio-Casillas A AD - Autlan Regional Hospital, Health Secretariat, Autlan 48900, Jalisco, Mexico. AD - Biology Laboratory, Autlan Regional Preparatory School, University of Guadalajara, Autlan 48900, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Uversky, Vladimir N AU - Uversky VN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4037-5857 AD - Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240420 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomedicines JT - Biomedicines JID - 101691304 PMC - PMC11048001 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - long-COVID OT - organ systems COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/04/27 09:54 MHDA- 2024/04/27 09:55 PMCR- 2024/04/20 CRDT- 2024/04/27 01:04 PHST- 2024/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/04/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/27 09:55 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/27 09:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/27 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biomedicines12040913 [pii] AID - biomedicines-12-00913 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biomedicines12040913 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomedicines. 2024 Apr 20;12(4):913. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12040913. PMID- 38654819 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240426 IS - 0253-8253 (Print) IS - 2227-0426 (Electronic) IS - 0253-8253 (Linking) VI - 2024 IP - 1 DP - 2024 TI - Plasmapheresis in post-COVID-19 myelitis: A case report. PG - 19 LID - 10.5339/qmj.2024.19 [doi] LID - 19 AB - BACKGROUND: Previous studies have delineated different neurological manifestations associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Myelitis is identified as a rare neurological complication resulting from a COVID-19 infection. Limited information is available regarding the treatment of patients experiencing this condition. CASE REPORT: This report extracts data from the medical record of a post-COVID-19 myelitis patient at Buriram Hospital and follows up prospectively on the patient's symptoms after treatment. A 61-year-old man, previously vaccinated for COVID-19 and with a history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, experienced progressive bilateral lower-extremity weakness (recorded as muscle strength grade 2/5 in both lower extremities) for 6 weeks. He had a mild case of COVID-19 2 months earlier, which resolved in 10 days without specific treatment. However, 2 weeks after being diagnosed with COVID-19, he developed weakness in his lower limbs, numbness below the nipple, and urinary retention. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal longitudinal myelitis. Despite initial treatment with methylprednisolone, the patient showed no clinical improvement. Consequently, he underwent five cycles of plasmapheresis. Three months after discharge, a notable improvement was observed, with his muscle strength graded at 4/5 in both lower extremities and the resolution of sensory and urinary symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: We presented the case of a COVID-19-vaccinated patient, in whom COVID-19 infection might have led to myelitis. We found promising results in treating prolonged COVID-19-related myelitis symptoms through the use of plasmapheresis. CI - (c) 2024 Mitarnun, Kongngern, Tantisungvarakoon, Boonsayomphu, Tianchetsada, Potchanapong, Licensee HBKU Press. FAU - Mitarnun, Witoon AU - Mitarnun W AD - Neurology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Buriram Hospital, Buriram, Thailand Email: miwitoon@gmail.com. FAU - Kongngern, Lisa AU - Kongngern L AD - Neurology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Buriram Hospital, Buriram, Thailand Email: miwitoon@gmail.com. FAU - Tantisungvarakoon, Praewa AU - Tantisungvarakoon P AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Buriram Hospital, Buriram, Thailand. FAU - Boonsayomphu, Theerapun AU - Boonsayomphu T AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Buriram Hospital, Buriram, Thailand. FAU - Tianchetsada, Nithit AU - Tianchetsada N AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Buriram Hospital, Buriram, Thailand. FAU - Potchanapong, Tanluck AU - Potchanapong T AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Buriram Hospital, Buriram, Thailand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240314 PL - Qatar TA - Qatar Med J JT - Qatar medical journal JID - 8101648 PMC - PMC11037093 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - myelitis OT - plasmapheresis OT - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 OT - steroids EDAT- 2024/04/24 14:21 MHDA- 2024/04/24 14:22 PMCR- 2024/03/14 CRDT- 2024/04/24 03:36 PHST- 2023/10/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/24 14:22 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/24 14:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/24 03:36 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - qmj.2024.19 [pii] AID - 10.5339/qmj.2024.19 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Qatar Med J. 2024 Mar 14;2024(1):19. doi: 10.5339/qmj.2024.19. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38627984 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240706 LR - 20260918 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 7 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Combining SARS-CoV-2 interferon-gamma release assay with humoral response assessment to define immune memory profiles. PG - e2451035 LID - 10.1002/eji.202451035 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: In the post-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic era, "breakthrough infections" are still documented, due to variants of concerns (VoCs) emergence and waning humoral immunity. Despite widespread utilization, the definition of the anti-Spike (S) immunoglobulin-G (IgG) threshold to define protection has unveiled several limitations. Here, we explore the advantages of incorporating T-cell response assessment to enhance the definition of immune memory profile. METHODS: SARS-CoV-2 interferon-gamma release assay test (IGRA) was performed on samples collected longitudinally from immunocompetent healthcare workers throughout their immunization by infection and/or vaccination, anti-receptor-binding domain IgG levels were assessed in parallel. The risk of symptomatic infection according to cellular/humoral immune capacities during Omicron BA.1 wave was then estimated. RESULTS: Close to 40% of our samples were exclusively IGRA-positive, largely due to time elapsed since their last immunization. This suggests that individuals have sustained long-lasting cellular immunity, while they would have been classified as lacking protective immunity based solely on IgG threshold. Moreover, the Cox regression model highlighted that Omicron BA.1 circulation raises the risk of symptomatic infection while increased anti-receptor-binding domain IgG and IGRA levels tended to reduce it. CONCLUSION: The discrepancy between humoral and cellular responses highlights the significance of assessing the overall adaptive immune response. This integrated approach allows the identification of vulnerable subjects and can be of interest to guide antiviral prophylaxis at an individual level. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. European Journal of Immunology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Mouton, William AU - Mouton W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8455-0952 AD - CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Oriol, Guy AU - Oriol G AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Compagnon, Christelle AU - Compagnon C AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Saade, Carla AU - Saade C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5964-0588 AD - CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Saker, Kahina AU - Saker K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8825-5400 AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Franc, Priscille AU - Franc P AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Mokdad, Bouchra AU - Mokdad B AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1017-0564 AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Fleurie, Aurore AU - Fleurie A AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Lacoux, Xavier AU - Lacoux X AD - R&D - Immunoassay, bioMerieux S.A., Marcy l'Etoile, France. FAU - Daniel, Soizic AU - Daniel S AD - R&D - Immunoassay, bioMerieux S.A., Marcy l'Etoile, France. FAU - Berthier, Franck AU - Berthier F AD - R&D - Life Sciences, bioMerieux S.A., Marcy l'Etoile, France. FAU - Barnel, Cecile AU - Barnel C AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Pozzetto, Bruno AU - Pozzetto B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2603-8467 AD - CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Department of Infectious Agents and Hygiene, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France. FAU - Fassier, Jean-Baptiste AU - Fassier JB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3885-4987 AD - Department of Occupational Health and Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - UMRESTTE (UMR T9405), Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France. FAU - Dubois, Valerie AU - Dubois V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1169-7697 AD - Etablissement Francais du Sang Auvergne Rhone Alpes, Laboratoire HLA de Lyon, Decines, France. FAU - Djebali, Sophia AU - Djebali S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0567-5387 AD - CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Dubois, Maxence AU - Dubois M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1575-1237 AD - CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Walzer, Thierry AU - Walzer T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0857-8179 AD - CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Marvel, Jacqueline AU - Marvel J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6241-459X AD - CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France. FAU - Brengel-Pesce, Karen AU - Brengel-Pesce K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8795-0647 AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. FAU - Trouillet-Assant, Sophie AU - Trouillet-Assant S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6439-4705 AD - CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France. AD - Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux S.A., Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite, France. CN - Covid ser study group LA - eng GR - ANRS-0154/Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hepatites Virales/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240416 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - *Immunity, Humoral/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *Immunoglobulin G/immunology/blood MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Interferon-gamma Release Tests/methods MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Interferon-gamma/immunology/metabolism MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Health Personnel MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cell-mediated immunity OT - Immune memory profile OT - Interferon-gamma release assay EDAT- 2024/04/17 06:42 MHDA- 2024/07/06 20:42 CRDT- 2024/04/17 01:43 PHST- 2024/03/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/06 20:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/17 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/17 01:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/eji.202451035 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2024 Jul;54(7):e2451035. doi: 10.1002/eji.202451035. Epub 2024 Apr 16. PMID- 38605956 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240415 LR - 20250730 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - High frequencies of alpha common cold coronavirus/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive functional CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory T cells are associated with protection from symptomatic and fatal SARS-CoV-2 infections in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. PG - 1343716 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1343716 [doi] LID - 1343716 AB - BACKGROUND: Cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2-specific memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are present in up to 50% of unexposed, pre-pandemic, healthy individuals (UPPHIs). However, the characteristics of cross-reactive memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells associated with subsequent protection of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients (i.e., unvaccinated individuals who never develop any COVID-19 symptoms despite being infected with SARS-CoV-2) remains to be fully elucidated. METHODS: This study compares the antigen specificity, frequency, phenotype, and function of cross-reactive memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells between common cold coronaviruses (CCCs) and SARS-CoV-2. T-cell responses against genome-wide conserved epitopes were studied early in the disease course in a cohort of 147 unvaccinated COVID-19 patients who were divided into six groups based on the severity of their symptoms. RESULTS: Compared to severely ill COVID-19 patients and patients with fatal COVID-19 outcomes, the asymptomatic COVID-19 patients displayed significantly: (i) higher rates of co-infection with the 229E alpha species of CCCs (alpha-CCC-229E); (ii) higher frequencies of cross-reactive functional CD134(+)CD137(+)CD4(+) and CD134(+)CD137(+)CD8(+) T cells that cross-recognized conserved epitopes from alpha-CCCs and SARS-CoV-2 structural, non-structural, and accessory proteins; and (iii) lower frequencies of CCCs/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive exhausted PD-1(+)TIM3(+)TIGIT(+)CTLA4(+)CD4(+) and PD-1(+)TIM3(+)TIGIT(+)CTLA4(+)CD8(+) T cells, detected both ex vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: These findings (i) support a crucial role of functional, poly-antigenic alpha-CCCs/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, induced following previous CCCs seasonal exposures, in protection against subsequent severe COVID-19 disease and (ii) provide critical insights into developing broadly protective, multi-antigen, CD4(+), and CD8(+) T-cell-based, universal pan-Coronavirus vaccines capable of conferring cross-species protection. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Coulon, Prakash, Dhanushkodi, Srivastava, Zayou, Tifrea, Edwards, Figueroa, Schubl, Hsieh, Nesburn, Kuppermann, Bahraoui, Vahed, Gil, Jones, Ulmer and BenMohamed. FAU - Coulon, Pierre-Gregoire AU - Coulon PG AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Prakash, Swayam AU - Prakash S AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Dhanushkodi, Nisha R AU - Dhanushkodi NR AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Srivastava, Ruchi AU - Srivastava R AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Zayou, Latifa AU - Zayou L AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Tifrea, Delia F AU - Tifrea DF AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Edwards, Robert A AU - Edwards RA AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Figueroa, Cesar J AU - Figueroa CJ AD - Department of Surgery, Divisions of Trauma, Burns and Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Schubl, Sebastian D AU - Schubl SD AD - Department of Surgery, Divisions of Trauma, Burns and Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Hsieh, Lanny AU - Hsieh L AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospitalist Program, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Nesburn, Anthony B AU - Nesburn AB AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Kuppermann, Baruch D AU - Kuppermann BD AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Bahraoui, Elmostafa AU - Bahraoui E AD - Universite Paul Sabatier, Infinity, Inserm, Toulouse, France. FAU - Vahed, Hawa AU - Vahed H AD - Department of Vaccines and Immunotherapies, TechImmune, LLC, University Lab Partners, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Gil, Daniel AU - Gil D AD - Department of Vaccines and Immunotherapies, TechImmune, LLC, University Lab Partners, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Jones, Trevor M AU - Jones TM AD - Department of Vaccines and Immunotherapies, TechImmune, LLC, University Lab Partners, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - Ulmer, Jeffrey B AU - Ulmer JB AD - Department of Vaccines and Immunotherapies, TechImmune, LLC, University Lab Partners, Irvine, CA, United States. FAU - BenMohamed, Lbachir AU - BenMohamed L AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. AD - Universite Paul Sabatier, Infinity, Inserm, Toulouse, France. AD - Department of Vaccines and Immunotherapies, TechImmune, LLC, University Lab Partners, Irvine, CA, United States. AD - Institute for Immunology, The University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States. LA - eng GR - R41 AI138764/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI143348/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R43 AI174383/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI158060/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R43 AI124911/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI150091/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI143326/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI110902/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI147499/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. DEP - 20240328 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (CTLA-4 Antigen) RN - 0 (Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2) RN - 0 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor) RN - 0 (Epitopes) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - CTLA-4 Antigen MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *Common Cold MH - Memory T Cells MH - Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 MH - Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Epitopes MH - Unvaccinated Persons PMC - PMC11007208 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - CD4 + T cells OT - CD8 + T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - asymptomatic OT - common cold coronavirus OT - exhaustion alpha-CCCs/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive T cells in asymptomatic COVID-19 infection OT - symptomatic COIS- Authors HV, DG, TJ and JU were employed by company TechImmune LLC. LB has an equity interest in TechImmune, LLC., a company that may potentially benefit from the research results and serves on the company's Scientific Advisory Board. LB's relationship with TechImmune, LLC., has been reviewed and approved by the University of California, Irvine by its conflict-of-interest policies. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. EDAT- 2024/04/12 06:44 MHDA- 2024/04/15 06:42 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/04/12 03:37 PHST- 2023/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/15 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/12 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/12 03:37 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1343716 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Mar 28;15:1343716. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1343716. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38592016 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240411 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 5 DP - 2024 Feb 21 TI - Long-COVID Prevalence and Its Association with Health Outcomes in the Post-Vaccine and Antiviral-Availability Era. LID - 10.3390/jcm13051208 [doi] LID - 1208 AB - Background and Objectives: After recovering from COVID-19, patients may experience persistent symptoms, known as post-COVID-19 syndrome or long COVID, which include a range of continuing health problems. This research explores the prevalence, associated factors, and overall health outcomes of long COVID during a period of extensive vaccination and antiviral treatment availability in Thailand. Materials and Methods: This observational study involved 390 adult patients with COVID-19 between January and March 2022. Beginning three months after their diagnosis, these patients were interviewed via telephone every three months for a period of one year. The data collection process included gathering demographic information and administering a standardized questionnaire that addressed the patients' physical condition following COVID-19, their mental health, sleep disturbances, and overall quality of life. Results: The cohort consisted of 390 participants, with an average age of 31.8 +/- 13.6. Among them, 96.7% (n = 377) were vaccinated, and 98.2% (n = 383) underwent antiviral treatment. Long-COVID prevalence was observed at 77.7%, with the most frequently reported symptoms being fatigue (64.1%) and cough (43.9%). Regarding mental health, depression was reported by 8.2% of the participants, anxiety by 4.1%, and poor sleep quality by 33.3%. Advanced statistical analysis using multivariable logistic regression showed significant links between long-COVID symptoms and patients aged below 60 (p = 0.042), as well as the initial symptom of cough (p = 0.045). In the subset of long-COVID sufferers, there was a notable correlation in females with symptoms such as headaches (p = 0.001), dizziness (p = 0.007), and brain fog (p = 0.013). Conclusions: Despite the extensive distribution of vaccines and antiviral therapies, the prevalence of long COVID remains high, being associated particularly with individuals under 60 and those exhibiting a cough as an early symptom. The study further reveals that mental health issues related to long COVID are profound, going beyond the scope of physical symptomatology. FAU - Jangnin, Ramida AU - Jangnin R AD - Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Ritruangroj, Worraya AU - Ritruangroj W AD - Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Kittisupkajorn, Sirada AU - Kittisupkajorn S AD - Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Sukeiam, Pattarapa AU - Sukeiam P AD - Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Inchai, Juthamas AU - Inchai J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5497-7704 AD - Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Maneeton, Benchalak AU - Maneeton B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6125-6489 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Maneetorn, Narong AU - Maneetorn N AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Chaiard, Jindarat AU - Chaiard J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7722-1619 AD - Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. FAU - Theerakittikul, Theerakorn AU - Theerakittikul T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6182-6218 AD - Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. AD - Sleep Disorder Center, Center for Medical Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. LA - eng GR - COV11/2565/Faculty of medicine, Chiang Mai University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240221 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC10931928 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - health impact OT - long COVID OT - post-vaccinated OT - quality of life COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/04/09 12:44 MHDA- 2024/04/09 12:45 PMCR- 2024/02/21 CRDT- 2024/04/09 10:13 PHST- 2024/01/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/09 12:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/09 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/09 10:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm13051208 [pii] AID - jcm-13-01208 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm13051208 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2024 Feb 21;13(5):1208. doi: 10.3390/jcm13051208. PMID- 38580808 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250512 LR - 20260724 IS - 2196-8837 (Electronic) IS - 2197-3792 (Print) IS - 2196-8837 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Jun TI - Survival Analysis and Socio-Cognitive Factors in the Timing of COVID-19 Vaccination Among Mexican-Origin Youth. PG - 1630-1640 LID - 10.1007/s40615-024-01995-1 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected ethnic minority populations and exacerbated preexisting health disparities. The current study aims to promote vaccine uptake among Mexican-origin youth from immigrant families by examining their time to COVID-19 vaccine uptake and assessing the influence of demographic, cognitive, and social factors on the incidence of COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS: The study conducted Survival Analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model based on a sample of 202 Mexican-origin youth (61.39% female; M(age) = 20.41) with data collected from August 2021 to January 2023 in central Texas. RESULTS: The results show a critical time period for vaccine uptake (i.e., in the first six months after the vaccines were publicly available), evidenced by a surge decrease in COVID-19 unvaccination probability. In addition, more positive attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine (Hazard ratio/HR = 1.89, 95% Confidence Interval/CI = [1.64, 2.18]), greater motivation (HR = 2.29, 95% CI = [1.85, 2.85]), higher education levels (HR = 1.52, 95% CI = [1.24, 1.86]), and fewer general barriers to COVID-19 vaccine knowledge (HR = 0.75, 95% CI = [0.60, 0.94]) were associated with greater incidences of receiving COVID-19 vaccines at any given time point during the pandemic. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Mexican-origin youth occurred primarily within the initial months of vaccines being publicly distributed. To encourage vaccination among Mexican-origin youth, sustained COVID-19 vaccine promotion efforts are needed by targeting their motivation and positive attitudes and reducing barriers to vaccine information, particularly for youth with lower education levels. CI - (c) 2024. W. Montague Cobb-NMA Health Institute. FAU - Kim, Su Yeong AU - Kim SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9222-2505 AD - Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. su.yeong.kim@utexas.edu. FAU - Wen, Wen AU - Wen W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4575-1057 AD - Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. FAU - Coulter, Kiera M AU - Coulter KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8111-4952 AD - Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. FAU - Du, Yayu AU - Du Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-1767-8539 AD - Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. FAU - Tse, Hin Wing AU - Tse HW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2781-1279 AD - Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. FAU - Hou, Yang AU - Hou Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7360-5751 AD - Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA. FAU - Chen, Shanting AU - Chen S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3390-2513 AD - Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Shen, Yishan AU - Shen Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4068-828X AD - School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA. LA - eng GR - T32 HD007081/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - P2C HD042849/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R24 HD042849/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - 1R21MD012706-01A1/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R03 HD060045/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - 3R21MD-012706-02S1/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 MD012706/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - 1651128/Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences/ GR - 0956123/Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences/ GR - 1R21MD012706-01A1/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - 3R21MD-012706-02S1/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - 5R03HD060045-02/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ GR - 5P2CHD042849-20/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ GR - T32HD007081-45/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ GR - 2699/Russell Sage Foundation/ GR - 10023427/Spencer Foundation/ GR - JRG-102/Hogg Foundation for Mental Health/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240405 PL - Switzerland TA - J Racial Ethn Health Disparities JT - Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities JID - 101628476 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - *COVID-19/ethnology/mortality/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice/ethnology MH - *Mexican Americans/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Survival Analysis MH - Texas/epidemiology/ethnology MH - Time Factors MH - *Vaccination/statistics & numerical data/psychology PMC - PMC11984467 MID - NIHMS2068095 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Mexican-origin OT - Survival analysis OT - Vaccine OT - Youth COIS- Declarations. Ethical Approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Texas at Austin, protocol number 2015-01-0006. Consent to Participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Competing Interests: The authors report there are no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2024/04/06 00:42 MHDA- 2025/05/12 12:34 PMCR- 2025/06/01 CRDT- 2024/04/05 23:27 PHST- 2023/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/12 12:34 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/06 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/05 23:27 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40615-024-01995-1 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40615-024-01995-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2025 Jun;12(3):1630-1640. doi: 10.1007/s40615-024-01995-1. Epub 2024 Apr 5. PMID- 38579013 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240408 LR - 20260919 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 94 DP - 2024 Apr 5 TI - AS03 adjuvant enhances the magnitude, persistence, and clonal breadth of memory B cell responses to a plant-based COVID-19 vaccine in humans. PG - eadi8039 LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.adi8039 [doi] AB - Vaccine adjuvants increase the breadth of serum antibody responses, but whether this is due to the generation of antigen-specific B cell clones with distinct specificities or the maturation of memory B cell clones that produce broadly cross-reactive antibodies is unknown. Here, we longitudinally analyzed immune responses in healthy adults after two-dose vaccination with either a virus-like particle COVID-19 vaccine (CoVLP), CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03 (CoVLP+AS03), or a messenger RNA vaccination (mRNA-1273). CoVLP+AS03 enhanced the magnitude and durability of circulating antibodies and antigen-specific CD4(+) T cell and memory B cell responses. Antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells in the CoVLP+AS03 group at day 42 correlated with antigen-specific memory B cells at 6 months. CoVLP+AS03 induced memory B cell responses, which accumulated somatic hypermutations over 6 months, resulting in enhanced neutralization breadth of monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, the fraction of broadly neutralizing antibodies encoded by memory B cells increased between day 42 and 6 months. These results indicate that AS03 enhances the antigenic breadth of B cell memory at the clonal level and induces progressive maturation of the B cell response. FAU - Grigoryan, Lilit AU - Grigoryan L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9255-1453 AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Feng, Yupeng AU - Feng Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8550-2787 AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Bellusci, Lorenza AU - Bellusci L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9945-1706 AD - Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. FAU - Lai, Lilin AU - Lai L AD - Department of Pediatrics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Wali, Bushra AU - Wali B AD - Department of Pediatrics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Ellis, Madison AU - Ellis M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0325-5477 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Yuan, Meng AU - Yuan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9754-4503 AD - Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Arunachalam, Prabhu S AU - Arunachalam PS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0090-5689 AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Hu, Mengyun AU - Hu M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4495-7501 AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Kowli, Sangeeta AU - Kowli S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0362-572X AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Gupta, Sheena AU - Gupta S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6126-1170 AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Maysel-Auslender, Sofia AU - Maysel-Auslender S AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Maecker, Holden T AU - Maecker HT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0795-9946 AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Samaha, Hady AU - Samaha H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9124-7820 AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Rouphael, Nadine AU - Rouphael N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2512-7919 AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Hope Clinic of Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30030, USA. FAU - Wilson, Ian A AU - Wilson IA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6469-2419 AD - Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Moreno, Alberto C AU - Moreno AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3031-7194 AD - Department of Medicine, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Suthar, Mehul S AU - Suthar MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2686-8380 AD - Department of Pediatrics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Khurana, Surender AU - Khurana S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0593-7965 AD - Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. FAU - Pillet, Stephane AU - Pillet S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7604-7855 AD - Medicago Inc., Quebec, QC G1V 3V9, Canada. AD - Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, 1001 Decarie St., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada. FAU - Charland, Nathalie AU - Charland N AD - Medicago Inc., Quebec, QC G1V 3V9, Canada. FAU - Ward, Brian J AU - Ward BJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3251-958X AD - Medicago Inc., Quebec, QC G1V 3V9, Canada. AD - Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, 1001 Decarie St., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada. FAU - Pulendran, Bali AU - Pulendran B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6517-4333 AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. LA - eng GR - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00017/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI057266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI167966/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - INV-004923/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States GR - U19 AI167903/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240405 PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 RN - A7YT618XBV (AS03 adjuvant) RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Drug Combinations) RN - 0 (Polysorbates) RN - 7QWM220FJH (Squalene) RN - H4N855PNZ1 (alpha-Tocopherol) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - *Influenza Vaccines MH - Memory B Cells MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Influenza, Human MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Drug Combinations MH - *Polysorbates MH - *Squalene MH - *alpha-Tocopherol PMC - PMC11732256 MID - NIHMS2036405 COIS- Competing interests B.P. serves on the External Immunology Board of GlaxoSmithKline, and on the Scientific Advisory Board of Sanofi, Medicago, CircBio, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Icosavax, and EdJen. M.S.S. serves in a consulting role for Moderna and Ocugen. S.P., N.C. and B.J.W. are employees of Medicago. All other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/04/05 18:42 MHDA- 2024/04/08 06:42 PMCR- 2025/04/05 CRDT- 2024/04/05 14:03 PHST- 2024/04/08 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/05 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/05 14:03 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.adi8039 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2024 Apr 5;9(94):eadi8039. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adi8039. Epub 2024 Apr 5. PMID- 38574425 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240416 LR - 20240416 IS - 1476-5616 (Electronic) IS - 0033-3506 (Linking) VI - 230 DP - 2024 May TI - Risk factors and early preventive measures for long COVID in non-hospitalized patients: analysis of a large cohort in the United Arab Emirates. PG - 198-206 LID - S0033-3506(24)00102-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.031 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Long COVID is characterized by persistent symptoms lasting for 4 weeks or more following the acute infection with SARS-CoV-2. Risk factors for long COVID and the impact of pre-COVID vaccination and treatment during acute COVID-19 remain uncertain. This study aimed to investigate patient-specific factors associated with long COVID in a large cohort of non-hospitalized adult patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 in Dubai. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study. METHODS: The study included 28,375 non-hospitalized adult patients diagnosed with mild to moderate COVID-19 between January 1, 2021, and September 31, 2022, in Dubai, who were followed up for 90 days. The presence of long COVID symptoms was documented by physicians during patient visits to the family medicine department. Furthermore, long COVID-related risk factors were collected and analyzed, including patient demographics, comorbidities, pre-COVID vaccination status, and the COVID-related treatments received during the acute phase of the illness. Cox proportional hazard models were applied for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Among the cohort, 2.8% of patients experienced long COVID symptoms during the 90-day follow-up. Patients with long COVID tended to be younger, female, and of Caucasian race. Common symptoms included fatigue, muscle pain, respiratory symptoms, abdominal and neurological symptoms, allergic reactions, skin rashes, and hair loss. Risk factors for long COVID were identified as diabetes mellitus, asthma, and Vitamin D deficiency. Females and Caucasians had a higher risk of long COVID during the pre-Omicron period compared to the Omicron period. Pre-COVID vaccination was associated with a reduced risk of long COVID in all patient subgroups. Treatment with favipiravir or sotrovimab during the acute phase of COVID-19 was linked to a decreased risk of long COVID, although favipiravir showed limited effectiveness in the high-risk group. CONCLUSION: This study contributes to the existing knowledge by identifying risk factors for long COVID among non-hospitalized patients and emphasizing the potential benefits of pre-COVID vaccination and timely treatment. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh AU - Saheb Sharif-Askari F AD - Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Ali Hussain Alsayed, Hawra AU - Ali Hussain Alsayed H AD - Department of Pharmacy, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes AU - Saheb Sharif-Askari N AD - Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Saddik, Basema AU - Saddik B AD - Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Al Sayed Hussain, Ali AU - Al Sayed Hussain A AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Halwani, Rabih AU - Halwani R AD - Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: rhalwani@sharjah.ac.ae. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240403 PL - Netherlands TA - Public Health JT - Public health JID - 0376507 RN - EW5GL2X7E0 (favipiravir) RN - 0 (Amides) RN - 0 (Pyrazines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - United Arab Emirates/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Cohort Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - *Amides MH - *Pyrazines OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma OT - Diabetes OT - Long COVID OT - Pre-COVID vaccine OT - Vitamin D deficiency EDAT- 2024/04/05 00:42 MHDA- 2024/04/16 12:43 CRDT- 2024/04/04 18:05 PHST- 2023/07/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/16 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/05 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/04 18:05 [entrez] AID - S0033-3506(24)00102-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.031 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Health. 2024 May;230:198-206. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.031. Epub 2024 Apr 3. PMID- 38573873 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240408 LR - 20260604 IS - 1549-1676 (Electronic) IS - 1549-1277 (Print) IS - 1549-1277 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Apr TI - Long-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 with and without neurological involvement: 3-year follow-up assessment. PG - e1004263 LID - 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004263 [doi] LID - e1004263 AB - BACKGROUND: Acute neurological manifestation is a common complication of acute Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. This retrospective cohort study investigated the 3-year outcomes of patients with and without significant neurological manifestations during initial COVID-19 hospitalization. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Patients hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection between 03/01/2020 and 4/16/2020 in the Montefiore Health System in the Bronx, an epicenter of the early pandemic, were included. Follow-up data was captured up to 01/23/2023 (3 years post-COVID-19). This cohort consisted of 414 patients with COVID-19 with significant neurological manifestations and 1,199 propensity-matched patients (for age and COVID-19 severity score) with COVID-19 without neurological manifestations. Neurological involvement during the acute phase included acute stroke, new or recrudescent seizures, anatomic brain lesions, presence of altered mentation with evidence for impaired cognition or arousal, and neuro-COVID-19 complex (headache, anosmia, ageusia, chemesthesis, vertigo, presyncope, paresthesias, cranial nerve abnormalities, ataxia, dysautonomia, and skeletal muscle injury with normal orientation and arousal signs). There were no significant group differences in female sex composition (44.93% versus 48.21%, p = 0.249), ICU and IMV status, white, not Hispanic (6.52% versus 7.84%, p = 0.380), and Hispanic (33.57% versus 38.20%, p = 0.093), except black non-Hispanic (42.51% versus 36.03%, p = 0.019). Primary outcomes were mortality, stroke, heart attack, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), reinfection, and hospital readmission post-discharge. Secondary outcomes were neuroimaging findings (hemorrhage, active and prior stroke, mass effect, microhemorrhages, white matter changes, microvascular disease (MVD), and volume loss). More patients in the neurological cohort were discharged to acute rehabilitation (10.39% versus 3.34%, p < 0.001) or skilled nursing facilities (35.75% versus 25.35%, p < 0.001) and fewer to home (50.24% versus 66.64%, p < 0.001) than matched controls. Incidence of readmission for any reason (65.70% versus 60.72%, p = 0.036), stroke (6.28% versus 2.34%, p < 0.001), and MACE (20.53% versus 16.51%, p = 0.032) was higher in the neurological cohort post-discharge. Per Kaplan-Meier univariate survival curve analysis, such patients in the neurological cohort were more likely to die post-discharge compared to controls (hazard ratio: 2.346, (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.586, 3.470]; p < 0.001)). Across both cohorts, the major causes of death post-discharge were heart disease (13.79% neurological, 15.38% control), sepsis (8.63%, 17.58%), influenza and pneumonia (13.79%, 9.89%), COVID-19 (10.34%, 7.69%), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (10.34%, 6.59%). Factors associated with mortality after leaving the hospital involved the neurological cohort (odds ratio (OR): 1.802 (95% CI [1.237, 2.608]; p = 0.002)), discharge disposition (OR: 1.508 (95% CI [1.276, 1.775]; p < 0.001)), congestive heart failure (OR: 2.281 (95% CI [1.429, 3.593]; p < 0.001)), higher COVID-19 severity score (OR: 1.177 (95% CI [1.062, 1.304]; p = 0.002)), and older age (OR: 1.027 (95% CI [1.010, 1.044]; p = 0.002)). There were no group differences in radiological findings, except that the neurological cohort showed significantly more age-adjusted brain volume loss (p = 0.045) than controls. The study's patient cohort was limited to patients infected with COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic, when hospitals were overburdened, vaccines were not yet available, and treatments were limited. Patient profiles might differ when interrogating subsequent waves. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with COVID-19 with neurological manifestations had worse long-term outcomes compared to matched controls. These findings raise awareness and the need for closer monitoring and timely interventions for patients with COVID-19 with neurological manifestations, as their disease course involving initial neurological manifestations is associated with enhanced morbidity and mortality. CI - Copyright: (c) 2024 Eligulashvili et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Eligulashvili, Anna AU - Eligulashvili A AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Gordon, Moshe AU - Gordon M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3338-6870 AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Lee, Jimmy S AU - Lee JS AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Lee, Jeylin AU - Lee J AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Mehrotra-Varma, Shiv AU - Mehrotra-Varma S AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Mehrotra-Varma, Jai AU - Mehrotra-Varma J AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Hsu, Kevin AU - Hsu K AD - Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America. FAU - Hilliard, Imanyah AU - Hilliard I AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Lee, Kristen AU - Lee K AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Li, Arleen AU - Li A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-9187-0148 AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Essibayi, Muhammed Amir AU - Essibayi MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8325-2382 AD - Department of Neurological Surgery, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Yee, Judy AU - Yee J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9663-956X AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Altschul, David J AU - Altschul DJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5130-1378 AD - Department of Neurological Surgery, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Eskandar, Emad AU - Eskandar E AD - Department of Neurological Surgery, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Mehler, Mark F AU - Mehler MF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0674-7781 AD - Department of Neurology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. FAU - Duong, Tim Q AU - Duong TQ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6403-2827 AD - Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240404 PL - United States TA - PLoS Med JT - PLoS medicine JID - 101231360 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology/therapy MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Aftercare MH - Patient Discharge MH - Seizures MH - *Stroke/epidemiology PMC - PMC10994395 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2024/04/04 18:43 MHDA- 2024/04/08 06:42 PMCR- 2024/04/04 CRDT- 2024/04/04 13:23 PHST- 2023/06/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/08 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/04 18:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/04 13:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PMEDICINE-D-23-01747 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004263 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS Med. 2024 Apr 4;21(4):e1004263. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004263. eCollection 2024 Apr. PMID- 38549052 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240401 LR - 20260318 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Mar 28 TI - How do people with long COVID utilize COVID-19 vaccination and rehabilitation services and what are their experiences with these services? results of a qualitative study with 48 participants from Germany. PG - 915 LID - 10.1186/s12889-024-18380-6 [doi] LID - 915 AB - BACKGROUND: Studies estimate that at least 7.5% of adults are affected by long-term symptoms such as fatigue or cognitive impairment after the acute phase of COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccination may reduce the risk of long COVID. Rehabilitation can have a positive impact on recovery. This study aims to present the experiences of people with long COVID with COVID-19 vaccination and rehabilitation. Such research is important because perceptions of these measures can impact healthcare utilization and health status. METHODS: 48 adults with long COVID participated in this qualitative study, 25 of them in one-on-one interviews and 23 in focus groups. Participants were recruited via calls for participation on the websites and social media channels of two university hospitals and with the help of respondents' networks. The conversations were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Subsequently, the results were compared, interpreted, and discussed by scientific literature. RESULTS: 35 study participants reported that they had received a COVID-19 vaccination and 16 of them stated that they had utilized a rehabilitation service. These participants had varying experiences with COVID-19 vaccination and rehabilitation. Nine of them stated that they developed long COVID despite vaccination before COVID-19. Ten participants reported vaccine reactions, and two participants reported severe side effects. Two participants reported persistent deterioration of their long COVID symptoms after vaccination. This led to uncertainty about the safety, benefits, and handling of COVID-19 vaccination. However, most participants perceived the vaccine as effective regarding milder COVID-19 sequelae. Four participants felt their rehabilitation was helpful and four participants felt it was unhelpful. Two persons found the combination of inpatient rehabilitation and rehabilitation sport helpful. CONCLUSIONS: Several implications can be derived from this study: (1) researchers should explore the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on long COVID symptoms; (2) vaccination campaigns should be more responsive to the perspectives of people with long COVID on vaccination; (3) care planners should build rehabilitation facilities specialized in long COVID; (4) rehabilitation providers should train their professionals regarding long COVID and develop rehabilitation programs tailored to different clinical pictures. TRIAL REGISTRATION: German register for clinical trials DRKS00026007, 09 September 2021. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Schmachtenberg, Tim AU - Schmachtenberg T AD - Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Gottingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073, Gottingen, Germany. tim.schmachtenberg@med.uni-goettingen.de. AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. tim.schmachtenberg@med.uni-goettingen.de. FAU - Konigs, Gloria AU - Konigs G AD - Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Gottingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073, Gottingen, Germany. FAU - Roder, Sascha AU - Roder S AD - Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Gottingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073, Gottingen, Germany. AD - Department of Social Work, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Bielefeld, Interaktion 1, 33619, Bielefeld, Germany. FAU - Muller, Frank AU - Muller F AD - Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Gottingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073, Gottingen, Germany. AD - Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, 15 Michigan St NE, Grand Rapids, 49503, East Lansing, MI, USA. FAU - Mullenmeister, Christina AU - Mullenmeister C AD - Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Gottingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073, Gottingen, Germany. FAU - Schroder, Dominik AU - Schroder D AD - Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Gottingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073, Gottingen, Germany. FAU - El-Sayed, Iman AU - El-Sayed I AD - Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Gottingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073, Gottingen, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240328 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - German people SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Vaccination MH - *Vaccines MH - European People PMC - PMC10976759 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Germany OT - Long COVID OT - Qualitative study OT - Rehabilitation OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/03/29 06:45 MHDA- 2024/04/01 06:43 PMCR- 2024/03/28 CRDT- 2024/03/29 00:35 PHST- 2023/10/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/01 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/29 06:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/29 00:35 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-024-18380-6 [pii] AID - 18380 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-024-18380-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2024 Mar 28;24(1):915. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18380-6. PMID- 38544577 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240329 IS - 2772-8293 (Electronic) IS - 2772-8293 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 2 DP - 2024 May TI - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine response in adults with predominantly antibody deficiency. PG - 100234 LID - 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100234 [doi] LID - 100234 AB - BACKGROUND: Patients with predominantly antibody deficiency (PAD) have lower anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike antibody levels after initial 2-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination than healthy controls do; however, the anti-spike antibody responses and neutralization function in patients with PAD following subsequent immunizations remain understudied. OBJECTIVE: We sought to characterize anti-spike antibody responses in adults with PAD over the course of 5 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses and identify diagnostic and immunophenotypic risk factors for low antibody response. METHODS: We evaluated anti-spike antibody levels in 117 adult patients with PAD and 192 adult healthy controls following a maximum of 5 SARS-CoV-2 immunizations. We assessed neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain and the Omicron BA.5 variant and analyzed infection outcomes. RESULTS: The patients with PAD had significantly lower mean anti-spike antibody levels after 3 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses than the healthy controls did (1,439.1 vs 21,890.4 U/mL [P < .0001]). Adults with secondary PAD, severe primary PAD, and high-risk immunophenotypes had lower mean anti-spike antibody levels following vaccine doses 2, 3, and/or 4 but not following vaccine dose 5. Compared with patients with mild and moderate PAD, patients with severe PAD had a higher rate of increase in anti-spike antibody levels over 5 immunizations. A strong positive correlation was observed between anti-spike antibody levels and neutralization of both the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain and the Omicron BA.5 variant. Most infections were managed on an outpatient basis. CONCLUSIONS: In all of the patients with PAD, anti-spike antibody levels increased with successive SARS-CoV-2 immunizations and were correlated with neutralization of both the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain and the Omicron BA.5 variant. Secondary PAD, severe primary PAD, and high-risk immunophenotypes were correlated with lower mean anti-spike antibody levels following vaccine doses 2 through 4. Patients with severe PAD had the highest rate of increase in anti-spike antibody levels over 5 immunizations. These data suggest a clinical benefit to sequential SARS-CoV-2 immunizations, particularly among high-risk patients with PAD. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. FAU - Zhang, Anna M AU - Zhang AM AD - Tufts Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass. AD - Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass. FAU - Elmoursi, Ahmed AU - Elmoursi A AD - Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. FAU - DiGiacomo, Daniel V AU - DiGiacomo DV AD - Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. FAU - Zhou, Baijun AU - Zhou B AD - Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. FAU - Tandon, Megha AU - Tandon M AD - Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. FAU - Hong, Joseph S AU - Hong JS AD - Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. FAU - Yang, Nancy J AU - Yang NJ AD - Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. FAU - Ong, Mei-Sing AU - Ong MS AD - Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Mass. FAU - Dighe, Anand S AU - Dighe AS AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. AD - Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. FAU - Berrios, Cristhian AU - Berrios C AD - Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. FAU - Poznansky, Mark C AU - Poznansky MC AD - Division of Infectious Diseases Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. FAU - Iafrate, Anthony J AU - Iafrate AJ AD - Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. FAU - Naranbhai, Vivek AU - Naranbhai V AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. AD - Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass. FAU - Balazs, Alejandro AU - Balazs A AD - Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. FAU - Pillai, Shiv AU - Pillai S AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. AD - Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. FAU - Farmer, Jocelyn R AU - Farmer JR AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. AD - Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Beth Israel Lahey Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. FAU - Barmettler, Sara AU - Barmettler S AD - Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240220 PL - United States TA - J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob JT - The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global JID - 9918453488706676 PMC - PMC10965812 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD19+ B cells OT - CD4+ T cells OT - Omicron BA.5 variant OT - Predominantly antibody deficiency OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - anti-spike antibody OT - class-switched memory B cells OT - common variable immunodeficiency OT - neutralization OT - rituximab EDAT- 2024/03/28 06:46 MHDA- 2024/03/28 06:47 PMCR- 2024/02/20 CRDT- 2024/03/28 03:47 PHST- 2023/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/28 06:47 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/28 06:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/28 03:47 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2772-8293(24)00030-4 [pii] AID - 100234 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100234 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob. 2024 Feb 20;3(2):100234. doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100234. eCollection 2024 May. PMID- 38541324 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240329 LR - 20260922 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 3 DP - 2024 Mar 11 TI - From Acute Infection to Prolonged Health Consequences: Understanding Health Disparities and Economic Implications in Long COVID Worldwide. LID - 10.3390/ijerph21030325 [doi] LID - 325 AB - The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a growing number of patients experiencing persistent symptoms and physiological changes after recovering from acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, known as Long COVID. Long COVID is characterized by recurring symptoms and inflammation across multiple organ systems. Diagnosis can be challenging, influenced by factors like demographics, comorbidities, and immune responses. Long COVID impacts various organ systems and can have neuropsychological effects. Health disparities, particularly related to race, contribute to a higher burden of infection and ongoing symptoms in minority populations. Managing Long COVID entails addressing a spectrum of symptoms that encompass physical, cognitive, and psychological aspects. The recovery period for patients with Long COVID can vary significantly, influenced by factors like the severity of the disease, hospitalization, comorbidities, and age. Currently, there are no universally effective treatments, although certain interventions show promise, necessitating further research. Self-management and rehabilitation programs can provide relief, but more research is needed to establish their effectiveness. Preventive measures such as vaccination and the use of antiviral medications and metformin. It is imperative to conduct further research to develop evidence-based guidelines and gain a better understanding of the long-term implications of COVID-19. Long COVID could have substantial economic impact on the labor market, productivity, healthcare expenditures, and overall economic growth. To address the challenges patients with long-term complications face, there is a focus on strategies like promoting telework and flexible work arrangements to accommodate diverse symptoms, particularly chronic fatigue and other Long COVID effects. In conclusion, this review emphasizes the multifaceted complexity of Long COVID and the ongoing need to address its potential long-term health and economic impacts. FAU - Sweis, Jaleel Jerry G AU - Sweis JJG AD - Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Alnaimat, Fatima AU - Alnaimat F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5574-2939 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan. FAU - Esparza, Valeria AU - Esparza V AD - Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Prasad, Supritha AU - Prasad S AD - Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Azam, Abeera AU - Azam A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75701, USA. FAU - Modi, Zeel AU - Modi Z AD - Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Al-Awqati, Mina AU - Al-Awqati M AD - Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Jetanalin, Pim AU - Jetanalin P AD - Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Sweis, Nadia J AU - Sweis NJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1122-3264 AD - Department of Business Administration, King Talal School of Business Technology, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman 11942, Jordan. FAU - Ascoli, Christian AU - Ascoli C AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Novak, Richard M AU - Novak RM AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Rubinstein, Israel AU - Rubinstein I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3628-0601 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Papanikolaou, Ilias C AU - Papanikolaou IC AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sarcoidosis Clinic, Corfu General Hospital, 49100 Corfu, Greece. FAU - Sweiss, Nadera AU - Sweiss N AD - Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240311 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Health Inequities PMC - PMC10970637 OTO - NOTNLM OT - economics OT - fatigue OT - health disparities OT - long COVID-19 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/03/28 06:46 MHDA- 2024/03/29 06:46 PMCR- 2024/03/11 CRDT- 2024/03/28 01:12 PHST- 2024/01/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/29 06:46 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/28 06:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/28 01:12 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph21030325 [pii] AID - ijerph-21-00325 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph21030325 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Mar 11;21(3):325. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21030325. PMID- 38534322 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240328 LR - 20250116 IS - 2073-4409 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4409 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Mar 8 TI - Blood Markers Show Neural Consequences of LongCOVID-19. LID - 10.3390/cells13060478 [doi] LID - 478 AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) persists throughout the world with over 65 million registered cases of survivors with post-COVID-19 sequelae, also known as LongCOVID-19 (LongC). LongC survivors exhibit various symptoms that span multiple organ systems, including the nervous system. To search for neurological markers of LongC, we investigated the soluble biomolecules present in the plasma and the proteins associated with plasma neuronal-enriched extracellular vesicles (nEVs) in 33 LongC patients with neurological impairment (nLongC), 12 COVID-19 survivors without any LongC symptoms (Cov), and 28 pre-COVID-19 healthy controls (HC). COVID-19 positive participants were infected between 2020 and 2022, not hospitalized, and were vaccinated or unvaccinated before infection. IL-1beta was significantly increased in both nLongC and Cov and IL-8 was elevated in only nLongC. Both brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cortisol were significantly elevated in nLongC and Cov compared to HC. nEVs from people with nLongC had significantly elevated protein markers of neuronal dysfunction, including amyloid beta 42, pTau181 and TDP-43. This study shows chronic peripheral inflammation with increased stress after COVID-19 infection. Additionally, differentially expressed nEV neurodegenerative proteins were identified in people recovering from COVID-19 regardless of persistent symptoms. FAU - Tang, Norina AU - Tang N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-3485-1762 AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. FAU - Kido, Tatsuo AU - Kido T AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. FAU - Shi, Jian AU - Shi J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7961-8545 AD - Department of Neurology, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. AD - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. FAU - McCafferty, Erin AU - McCafferty E AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. FAU - Ford, Judith M AU - Ford JM AD - Department of Mental Health, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. FAU - Dal Bon, Kaitlyn AU - Dal Bon K AD - Department of Mental Health, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. FAU - Pulliam, Lynn AU - Pulliam L AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. LA - eng GR - I01 CX002322/CX/CSRD VA/United States GR - IK6 CX002519/CX/CSRD VA/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240308 PL - Switzerland TA - Cells JT - Cells JID - 101600052 RN - 0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Amyloid beta-Peptides MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Inflammation MH - Neurons PMC - PMC10969290 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BDNF OT - LongCOVID-19 OT - blood markers OT - cognition OT - cortisol OT - neuronal extracellular vesicles COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/03/27 12:48 MHDA- 2024/03/28 06:44 PMCR- 2024/03/08 CRDT- 2024/03/27 09:24 PHST- 2024/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/28 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/27 12:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/27 09:24 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cells13060478 [pii] AID - cells-13-00478 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cells13060478 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cells. 2024 Mar 8;13(6):478. doi: 10.3390/cells13060478. PMID- 38533494 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240328 LR - 20240410 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Long-term analysis of humoral responses and spike-specific T cell memory to Omicron variants after different COVID-19 vaccine regimens. PG - 1340645 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340645 [doi] LID - 1340645 AB - BACKGROUND: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has raised concerns about the sustainability of vaccine-induced immunity. Little is known about the long-term humoral responses and spike-specific T cell memory to Omicron variants, with specific attention to BA.4/5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1. METHODS: We assessed immune responses in 50 uninfected individuals who received varying three-dose vaccination combinations (2X AstraZeneca + 1X Moderna, 1X AstraZeneca + 2X Moderna, and 3X Moderna) against wild-type (WT) and Omicron variants at eight months post-vaccination. The serum antibody titers were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and neutralizing activities were examined by pseudovirus and infectious SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays. T cell reactivities and their memory phenotypes were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: We found that RBD-specific antibody titers, neutralizing activities, and CD4+ T cell reactivities were reduced against Omicron variants compared to WT. In contrast, CD8+ T cell responses, central memory, effector memory, and CD45RA+ effector memory T cells remained unaffected upon stimulation with the Omicron peptide pool. Notably, CD4+ effector memory T cells even exhibited a higher proportion of reactivity against Omicron variants. Furthermore, participants who received three doses of the Moderna showed a more robust response regarding neutralization and CD8+ T cell reactions than other three-dose vaccination groups. CONCLUSION: Reduction of humoral and CD4+ T cell responses against Omicron variants in vaccinees suggested that vaccine effectiveness after eight months may not have sufficient protection against the new emerging variants, which provides valuable information for future vaccination strategies such as receiving BA.4/5 or XBB.1-based bivalent vaccines. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Ho, Yen, Huang, Lu, Hung, Liao, Hung and Chiu. FAU - Ho, Chia-Lo AU - Ho CL AD - Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Yen, Li-Chen AU - Yen LC AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Huang, Hong-Wei AU - Huang HW AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Lu, Chun-Chi AU - Lu CC AD - Division of Rheumatology/Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Hung, Yi-Jen AU - Hung YJ AD - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Liao, Ching-Len AU - Liao CL AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan. FAU - Hung, Chin-Mao AU - Hung CM AD - Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Chiu, Kuo-Chou AU - Chiu KC AD - Division of General Dentistry, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. AD - School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240312 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Memory T Cells MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC10963495 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Omicron variant OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cellular immune response OT - neutralizing antibody OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/03/27 06:44 MHDA- 2024/03/28 06:44 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/03/27 03:59 PHST- 2023/11/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/28 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/27 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/27 03:59 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340645 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Mar 12;15:1340645. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340645. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38522148 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240427 LR - 20250408 IS - 1873-5347 (Electronic) IS - 0277-9536 (Linking) VI - 348 DP - 2024 May TI - One-size fits all? Evaluating group differences in an integrated social cognition model to understand COVID-19 vaccine intention and uptake. PG - 116780 LID - S0277-9536(24)00224-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116780 [doi] AB - Vaccine programs significantly reduce disease burden within a population. The COVID-19 vaccine facilitated a return to "normal"; however, vaccine coverage remains below target levels. Identifying predictors of vaccine uptake is vital for individual and community health. The present study used the Reasoned Action Approach and integrated hazard-specific risk perception, to predict COVID-19 vaccine intention and uptake behavior. Informed by the diffusion of innovations theory, differences in associations and model effects were tested by early adopter status of the seasonal influenza vaccine. We recruited participants online within the United States for a longitudinal survey study. The integrated social cognition model provided an acceptable to ideal fit for both groups but performed better among the not early adopter group with better fit statistics, mostly stronger effect sizes, and greater variance accounted for in intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. Instrumental attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine predicted intention for both groups, and uptake among the non-early adopters. Capacity predicted intention among early adopters, and behavior among non-early adopters. Among non-early adopters, subjective norms had a direct effect on intention and an indirect effect on vaccine uptake behavior. Intervention research to support COVID-19 vaccine uptake focusing on the utility of vaccines, fostering self-efficacy, and providing normative information is warranted. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Kowalsky, Jennifer M AU - Kowalsky JM AD - Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, USA. Electronic address: kowalsky.9@osu.edu. FAU - Buelow, Melissa T AU - Buelow MT AD - Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, USA. FAU - Brunell, Amy B AU - Brunell AB AD - Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240318 PL - England TA - Soc Sci Med JT - Social science & medicine (1982) JID - 8303205 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Intention MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - Male MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology MH - Adult MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Social Cognition MH - United States MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Surveys and Questionnaires OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavior OT - COVID-19 OT - Early adopter OT - Reasoned action approach OT - Risk perception OT - United States OT - Vaccine COIS- Declaration of competing interest The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/03/25 00:42 MHDA- 2024/04/28 07:25 CRDT- 2024/03/24 19:01 PHST- 2023/10/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/28 07:25 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/25 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/24 19:01 [entrez] AID - S0277-9536(24)00224-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116780 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Soc Sci Med. 2024 May;348:116780. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116780. Epub 2024 Mar 18. PMID- 38521675 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240416 LR - 20250829 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 11 DP - 2024 Apr 19 TI - Exploring associations between the Big Five personality traits and cognitive ability with COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and uptake among mothers and offspring in a UK prospective cohort study. PG - 2817-2826 LID - S0264-410X(24)00305-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.018 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Vaccines reduce the severity of symptoms, and risk of hospitalisation and death from infectious diseases. Yet, vaccination hesitancy persists. Research identifying psychological risk factors for vaccination hesitancy is limited and reports conflicting results. This study sought to address these inconsistencies and explore the role of personality and cognitive ability in COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and uptake in a prospective cohort study. METHODS: Data came from young adults (Generation-1; G1) and their mothers (Generation-0; G0) in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Multinomial logistic regressions, adjusting for several sociodemographic confounders, were used to explore whether personality and cognitive ability were associated with COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and uptake. 4,960 G1 and 4,853 G0 mothers were included in the study population. FINDINGS: Among G1, 38.4% exhibited vaccination hesitancy, yet 91.9% of the cohort received the vaccine. In adjusted models, higher levels of openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and cognitive ability were associated with an increased probability of wanting the vaccine. Similarly, higher levels of agreeableness, openness and cognitive ability were associated with an increased probability of vaccination uptake. However, the evidence of associations with vaccine uptake were generally weaker than with vaccination hesitancy. 56.7% of the offspring who did not want the vaccine either received the vaccine or intended to, whilst 43.3% still had no intention.Among G0 mothers, 25.6% were vaccination hesitant, yet 99.0% of the cohort received the vaccine. 3.1% said they did not want the vaccine; approximately 80% of these either received the vaccine or intended to. We found inconclusive evidence for an association between cognitive ability and vaccination hesitancy among G0 mothers. INTERPRETATION: This study identified psychological factors associated with vaccination hesitancy and uptake. If these associations are causal, these findings may help design more effective vaccination hesitancy interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Condie, Jennifer AU - Condie J AD - Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Neuadd Meirionnydd CF14 4YS, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK. FAU - Northstone, Kate AU - Northstone K AD - Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK. FAU - Major-Smith, Daniel AU - Major-Smith D AD - Centre for Academic Child Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK. FAU - Halstead, Isaac AU - Halstead I AD - Centre for Academic Child Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK. Electronic address: isaac.halstead@bristol.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - 217065/Z/19/Z/UK Medical Research Council/ GR - 217065/Z/19/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240322 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Prospective Studies MH - Vaccination Hesitancy MH - *COVID-19 MH - Vaccination MH - Cognition MH - Personality MH - United Kingdom OTO - NOTNLM OT - ALSPAC OT - Attitude-behaviour gap OT - Cognitive ability OT - Personality OT - Vaccination hesitancy OT - Vaccination uptake COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/03/24 00:42 MHDA- 2024/04/16 12:42 CRDT- 2024/03/23 23:22 PHST- 2023/09/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/16 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/24 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/23 23:22 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(24)00305-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.018 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2024 Apr 19;42(11):2817-2826. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.018. Epub 2024 Mar 22. PMID- 38518038 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240325 LR - 20250503 IS - 1536-5964 (Electronic) IS - 0025-7974 (Print) IS - 0025-7974 (Linking) VI - 103 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Mar 22 TI - Long COVID's Impact on Patients, Workers, & Society: A review. PG - e37502 LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000037502 [doi] LID - e37502 AB - The incidence of long COVID in adult survivors of an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection is approximately 11%. Of those afflicted, 26% have difficulty with day-to-day activities. The majority of long COIVD cases occur after mild or asymptomatic acute infection. Children can spread SARS-CoV-2 infections and can also develop long-term neurological, endocrine (type I diabetes), and immunological sequelae. Immunological hypofunction is exemplified by the recent large outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus and streptococcal infections. Neurological manifestations are associated with anatomical brain damage demonstrated on brain scans and autopsy studies. The prefrontal cortex is particularly susceptible. Common symptoms include brain fog, memory loss, executive dysfunction, and personality changes. The impact on society has been profound. Fewer than half of previously employed adults who develop long COVID are working full-time, and 42% of patients reported food insecurity and 20% reported difficulties paying rent. Vaccination not only helps prevent severe COVID-19, but numerous studies have found beneficial effects in preventing and mitigating long COVID. There is also evidence that vaccination after an acute infection can lessen the symptoms of long COVID. Physical and occupational therapy can also help patients regain function, but the approach must be "low and slow." Too much physical or mental activity can result in post-exertional malaise and set back the recovery process by days or weeks. The complexity of long COVID presentations coupled with rampant organized disinformation, have caused significant segments of the public to ignore sound public health advice. Further research is needed regarding treatment and effective public communication. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Kavanagh, Kevin T AU - Kavanagh KT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4588-6509 AD - Health Watch, Lexington, KY. FAU - Cormier, Lindsay E AU - Cormier LE AD - Health Watch USA, Eastern Kentucky University, Lexington, KY. FAU - Pontus, Christine AU - Pontus C AD - Health Watch USA, Massachusetts Nurses Association, Canton, MA. FAU - Bergman, Aaron AU - Bergman A AD - Maryland Department of Health, Baltimore, MD. FAU - Webley, Wilmore AU - Webley W AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Medicine (Baltimore) JT - Medicine JID - 2985248R SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Disease Outbreaks PMC - PMC10957027 COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2024/03/22 18:44 MHDA- 2024/03/25 06:44 PMCR- 2024/03/22 CRDT- 2024/03/22 14:13 PHST- 2024/03/25 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/22 18:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/22 14:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00005792-202403220-00050 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000037502 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Mar 22;103(12):e37502. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037502. PMID- 38513564 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240422 LR - 20250408 IS - 1873-5347 (Electronic) IS - 0277-9536 (Linking) VI - 347 DP - 2024 Apr TI - Social cognition, personality and social-political correlates of health behaviors: Application of an integrated theoretical model. PG - 116779 LID - S0277-9536(24)00223-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116779 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Dispositional, intra-personal constructs such as personality traits and generalized beliefs are consistently related to health behaviors, but relatively few studies have tested the theory-based mechanisms by which these constructs relate to health behaviors and compared them across behavior type. In the current study we tested an integrated theoretical model in which belief-based social cognition constructs (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control) were proposed to mediate effects of personality traits (conscientiousness, extroversion) and socio-political beliefs (political beliefs, locus of control, free will beliefs) on participation in three health-related behaviors: physical activity, COVID-19 vaccination, and sugar-sweetened beverage restriction. METHODS: Proposed integrated model effects were tested in a five-week prospective correlational study. Finnish residents completed measures of personality, socio-political, and social cognition constructs with respect to physical activity participation (N = 557), COVID-19 vaccination uptake (N = 1,115), and sugar-sweetened beverage restriction (N = 558) and self-reported their behavior at follow-up. RESULTS: Structural equation models revealed direct effects of intention on behavior, and of social-cognition constructs on intention, across all behaviors. We also found indirect effects of political beliefs on behavior mediated by social cognition constructs and intentions for COVID-19 vaccination and sugar-sweetened beverage restriction behaviors, indirect effects of conscientiousness on behavior mediated by social cognition constructs and intentions for physical activity and sugar-sweetened beverage restriction behaviors, and indirect effects of health locus of control on behavior mediated by social cognition constructs and intentions for physical activity behavior. Finally, we found a negative total effect of populist beliefs on behavior for COVID-19 vaccination behavior. CONCLUSION: Findings contribute to an evidence base for the effects of dispositional and social cognition constructs of health behaviors, point to a possible mechanism by which these generalized constructs relate to health behavior, and outline how the pattern of effects varies across the different behaviors. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Griffith, Zoe M AU - Griffith ZM AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, USA. Electronic address: zgriffith@ucmerced.edu. FAU - Polet, Juho AU - Polet J AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland; Department of Psychology, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland; Centre of Excellence in Learning Dynamics and Intervention Research (InterLearn), Finland. Electronic address: juho.j.polet@jyu.fi. FAU - Lintunen, Taru AU - Lintunen T AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland. Electronic address: taru.lintunen@jyu.fi. FAU - Hamilton, Kyra AU - Hamilton K AD - School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Australia. Electronic address: kyra.hamilton@griffith.edu.au. FAU - Hagger, Martin S AU - Hagger MS AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, USA; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland; Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, USA; School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Australia. Electronic address: martin.s.hagger@jyu.fi. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240317 PL - England TA - Soc Sci Med JT - Social science & medicine (1982) JID - 8303205 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Social Cognition MH - Prospective Studies MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Health Behavior MH - Personality MH - Models, Theoretical MH - Intention MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control OTO - NOTNLM OT - Health behavior determinants OT - Integrated models OT - Political beliefs OT - Social cognition theory EDAT- 2024/03/22 00:44 MHDA- 2024/04/22 06:44 CRDT- 2024/03/21 19:14 PHST- 2023/11/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/22 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/22 00:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/21 19:14 [entrez] AID - S0277-9536(24)00223-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116779 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Soc Sci Med. 2024 Apr;347:116779. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116779. Epub 2024 Mar 17. PMID- 38509155 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241106 IS - 2059-0105 (Electronic) IS - 2059-0105 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Mar 20 TI - Expansion of memory Vdelta2 T cells following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination revealed by temporal single-cell transcriptomics. PG - 63 LID - 10.1038/s41541-024-00853-9 [doi] LID - 63 AB - gammadelta T cells provide rapid cellular immunity against pathogens. Here, we conducted matched single-cell RNA-sequencing and gammadelta-TCR-sequencing to delineate the molecular changes in gammadelta T cells during a longitudinal study following mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. While the first dose of vaccine primes Vdelta2 T cells, it is the second administration that significantly boosts their immune response. Specifically, the second vaccination uncovers memory features of Vdelta2 T cells, shaped by the induction of AP-1 family transcription factors and characterized by a convergent central memory signature, clonal expansion, and an enhanced effector potential. This temporally distinct effector response of Vdelta2 T cells was also confirmed in vitro upon stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 spike-peptides. Indeed, the second challenge triggers a significantly higher production of IFNgamma by Vdelta2 T cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination might benefit from the establishment of long-lasting central memory Vdelta2 T cells to confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Terzoli, Sara AU - Terzoli S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2650-7195 AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy. FAU - Marzano, Paolo AU - Marzano P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5614-4033 AD - Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Cazzetta, Valentina AU - Cazzetta V AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Piazza, Rocco AU - Piazza R AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy. FAU - Sandrock, Inga AU - Sandrock I AD - Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany. FAU - Ravens, Sarina AU - Ravens S AD - Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany. FAU - Tan, Likai AU - Tan L AD - Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Prinz, Immo AU - Prinz I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8789-9578 AD - Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany. AD - Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Balin, Simone AU - Balin S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5343-2523 AD - Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Calvi, Michela AU - Calvi M AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Carletti, Anna AU - Carletti A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4468-2499 AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. FAU - Cancellara, Assunta AU - Cancellara A AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Coianiz, Nicolo AU - Coianiz N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4357-0359 AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. FAU - Franzese, Sara AU - Franzese S AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. FAU - Frigo, Alessandro AU - Frigo A AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Voza, Antonio AU - Voza A AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. FAU - Calcaterra, Francesca AU - Calcaterra F AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. FAU - Di Vito, Clara AU - Di Vito C AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. FAU - Della Bella, Silvia AU - Della Bella S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0818-5049 AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Mikulak, Joanna AU - Mikulak J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8310-9543 AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. joanna.mikulak@humanitasresearch.it. FAU - Mavilio, Domenico AU - Mavilio D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6147-0952 AD - Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy. domenico.mavilio@unimi.it. AD - Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. domenico.mavilio@unimi.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240320 PL - England TA - NPJ Vaccines JT - NPJ vaccines JID - 101699863 PMC - PMC10954735 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/03/21 06:43 MHDA- 2024/03/21 06:44 PMCR- 2024/03/20 CRDT- 2024/03/21 00:20 PHST- 2023/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/21 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/21 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/21 00:20 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41541-024-00853-9 [pii] AID - 853 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41541-024-00853-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - NPJ Vaccines. 2024 Mar 20;9(1):63. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-00853-9. PMID- 38504678 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240321 LR - 20240506 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2024 TI - Symptom trajectories of post-COVID sequelae in patients with acute Delta or Omicron infection in Bergen, Norway. PG - 1320059 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1320059 [doi] LID - 1320059 AB - INTRODUCTION: A substantial proportion of the over 700 million COVID-19 cases world-wide experience long-term symptoms. The objectives of this study were to compare symptom trajectories and risk factors for post-COVID-19 condition after Delta and Omicron infection. METHODS: This study consecutively recruited patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection from November 2021 to March 2022. We recorded demographics, comorbidities, vaccination status, sick leave, and 18 symptoms during acute infection and after 4 months. The primary outcome measures were symptoms during acute infection and after 4 months. Secondary outcome measures were work and school absenteeism. RESULTS: We followed a cohort of 1,374 non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Bergen, Norway, at three time points. The median age was 39.8 years and 11% were children <16 years. Common acute upper respiratory symptoms waned during follow-up. Fatigue remained common from acute infection (40%) until after 4 months (37%). Four months post-infection, patients reported increased frequencies of dyspnea (from 15% during acute illness to 25% at 4 months, p < 0.001), cognitive symptoms (from 9 to 32%, p < 0.001) and depression (from 1 to 17%, p < 0.001). Patients infected with Omicron reported less dyspnea (22% versus 27%, p = 0.046) and smell/taste problems (5% versus 19%, p < 0.001) at 4 months follow-up than those with Delta infection. Comorbidities and female sex were risk factors for persistent dyspnea and cognitive symptoms. Ten percent reported sick leave after acute illness, and vaccination reduced the risk of absenteeism (adjusted risk ratio: 0.36, 95% confidence interval: 0.15, 0.72, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: At 4 months, home-isolated patients infected with Omicron reported overall comparable symptom burden, but less dyspnea and smell/taste problems than Delta infected patients. Several acute symptoms waned during follow-up. It is worrying that dyspnea, neurocognitive symptoms, and particularly depression, increased significantly during the first 4 months after acute infection. Previous vaccination was protective against prolonged sick leave. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Iversen, Blomberg, Haug, Kittang, Ozgumus, Cox and Langeland. FAU - Iversen, Arild AU - Iversen A AD - Chief Municipal Doctor's Office, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Blomberg, Bjorn AU - Blomberg B AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - National Centre for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Haug, Kjell AU - Haug K AD - Chief Municipal Doctor's Office, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Kittang, Bard AU - Kittang B AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Nursing Home Medicine, Bergen Municipality, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Ozgumus, Turkuler AU - Ozgumus T AD - Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Cox, Rebecca Jane AU - Cox RJ AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Langeland, Nina AU - Langeland N AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - National Centre for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240305 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Acute Disease MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Disease Progression MH - Norway/epidemiology MH - Dyspnea PMC - PMC10948556 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - delta variant OT - omicron variant OT - post-COVID-19 condition COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/03/20 06:45 MHDA- 2024/03/21 12:44 PMCR- 2024/03/05 CRDT- 2024/03/20 03:55 PHST- 2023/10/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/21 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/20 06:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/20 03:55 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1320059 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2024 Mar 5;12:1320059. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1320059. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38502393 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240321 LR - 20260629 IS - 1940-6029 (Electronic) IS - 1064-3745 (Linking) VI - 2768 DP - 2024 TI - Frequencies of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-Specific Memory B Cells in Human PBMCs, Quantified by ELISPOT Assay. PG - 153-166 LID - 10.1007/978-1-0716-3690-9_10 [doi] AB - Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with coronavirus vaccines that elicit protective immune responses is critical to the prevention of severe disease and mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding the adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination will continue to aid in the development of next-generation vaccines. Studies have shown the important role of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies for both disease resolution and prevention of COVID-19 serious sequelae following vaccination. However, antibody responses are short-lived, highlighting the importance of studying antigen-specific B-cell responses to better understand durable immunity and immunologic memory. Since the spike protein is the main target of antibody-producing B cells, we developed a SARS-CoV-2 memory B cell ELISPOT assay to measure the frequencies of spike-specific B cells after COVID-19 infection and/or vaccination. Here, we describe in detail the methodology for using this ELISPOT assay to quantify SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific memory B cells produced by infection and/or vaccination in human PBMC samples. Application of this assay may help better understand and predict SARS-CoV-2 recall immune responses and to develop potential B cell correlates of protection at the methodological level. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Swanson, Ilya M AU - Swanson IM AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Haralambieva, Iana H AU - Haralambieva IH AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Rasche, Madeleine M AU - Rasche MM AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Ovsyannikova, Inna G AU - Ovsyannikova IG AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Kennedy, Richard B AU - Kennedy RB AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. kennedy.rick@mayo.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Methods Mol Biol JT - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) JID - 9214969 RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Memory B Cells MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Vaccination MH - *Vaccines OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell ELISPOT OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Humoral immunity OT - PBMCs OT - SARS-CoV-2 EDAT- 2024/03/19 18:42 MHDA- 2024/03/21 12:46 CRDT- 2024/03/19 12:17 PHST- 2024/03/21 12:46 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/19 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/19 12:17 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/978-1-0716-3690-9_10 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Methods Mol Biol. 2024;2768:153-166. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3690-9_10. PMID- 38501661 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240417 LR - 20260319 IS - 1098-5514 (Electronic) IS - 0022-538X (Print) IS - 0022-538X (Linking) VI - 98 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Apr 16 TI - The varying extent of humoral and cellular immune responses to either vector- or RNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines persists for at least 18 months and is independent of infection. PG - e0191223 LID - 10.1128/jvi.01912-23 [doi] LID - e01912-23 AB - The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spurred a worldwide race for the development of an efficient vaccine. Various strategies were pursued; however, the first vaccines to be licensed presented the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein either in the context of a non-replicating adenoviral vector or as an mRNA construct. While short-term efficacies have extensively been characterized, the duration of protection, the need for repeated boosting, and reasonable vaccination intervals have yet to be defined. We here describe the adaptive immune response resulting from homologous and heterologous vaccination regimen at 18 months after primary vaccination. To that extent, we monitored 176 healthcare workers, the majority of whom had recovered from previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. In summary, we find that differences depending on primary immunization continue to exist 18 months after the first vaccination and these findings hold true irrespective of previous infection with the virus. Homologous primary immunization with BNT162b2 was repeatedly shown to produce higher antibody levels and slower antibody decline, leading to more effective in vitro neutralization capacities. Likewise, cellular responses resulting from in vitro re-stimulation were more pronounced after primary immunization involving BNT162b2. In contrast, IL-2 producing memory T helper and cytotoxic T cells appeared independent from the primary vaccination regimen. Despite these differences, comparable infection rates among all vaccination groups suggest comparable real-life protection.IMPORTANCEVaccination against the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was shown to avert severe courses of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to mitigate spreading of the virus. However, the duration of protection and need for repeated boosting have yet to be defined. Monitoring and comparing the immune responses resulting from various vaccine strategies are therefore important to fill knowledge gaps and prepare for future pandemics. FAU - Mai, Franz AU - Mai F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2350-8319 AD - Core Facility for Cell Sorting and Cell Analysis, University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany. FAU - Bergmann, Wendy AU - Bergmann W AD - Core Facility for Cell Sorting and Cell Analysis, University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany. FAU - Reisinger, Emil C AU - Reisinger EC AD - Division of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Center of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany. FAU - Muller-Hilke, Brigitte AU - Muller-Hilke B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6575-6824 AD - Core Facility for Cell Sorting and Cell Analysis, University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany. AD - Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240319 PL - United States TA - J Virol JT - Journal of virology JID - 0113724 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 63231-63-0 (RNA) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - RNA MH - SARS-CoV-2/physiology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC11019912 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell memory OT - antibodies OT - homologous and heterologous vaccination regime COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/03/19 12:42 MHDA- 2024/04/17 06:42 PMCR- 2024/03/19 CRDT- 2024/03/19 08:03 PHST- 2024/04/17 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/19 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/19 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 01912-23 [pii] AID - jvi.01912-23 [pii] AID - 10.1128/jvi.01912-23 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Virol. 2024 Apr 16;98(4):e0191223. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01912-23. Epub 2024 Mar 19. PMID- 38500880 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240320 LR - 20250522 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - The knowns and unknowns of long COVID-19: from mechanisms to therapeutical approaches. PG - 1344086 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344086 [doi] LID - 1344086 AB - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been defined as the greatest global health and socioeconomic crisis of modern times. While most people recover after being infected with the virus, a significant proportion of them continue to experience health issues weeks, months and even years after acute infection with SARS-CoV-2. This persistence of clinical symptoms in infected individuals for at least three months after the onset of the disease or the emergence of new symptoms lasting more than two months, without any other explanation and alternative diagnosis have been named long COVID, long-haul COVID, post-COVID-19 conditions, chronic COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). Long COVID has been characterized as a constellation of symptoms and disorders that vary widely in their manifestations. Further, the mechanisms underlying long COVID are not fully understood, which hamper efficient treatment options. This review describes predictors and the most common symptoms related to long COVID's effects on the central and peripheral nervous system and other organs and tissues. Furthermore, the transcriptional markers, molecular signaling pathways and risk factors for long COVID, such as sex, age, pre-existing condition, hospitalization during acute phase of COVID-19, vaccination, and lifestyle are presented. Finally, recommendations for patient rehabilitation and disease management, as well as alternative therapeutical approaches to long COVID sequelae are discussed. Understanding the complexity of this disease, its symptoms across multiple organ systems and overlapping pathologies and its possible mechanisms are paramount in developing diagnostic tools and treatments. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Gheorghita, Soldanescu, Lobiuc, Caliman Sturdza, Filip, Constantinescu - Bercu, Dimian, Mangul and Covasa. FAU - Gheorghita, Roxana AU - Gheorghita R AD - Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania. AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. FAU - Soldanescu, Iuliana AU - Soldanescu I AD - Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation for Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies, Manufacturing and Control Distributed Systems (MANSiD), University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. FAU - Lobiuc, Andrei AU - Lobiuc A AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. FAU - Caliman Sturdza, Olga Adriana AU - Caliman Sturdza OA AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. AD - Suceava Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Suceava, Romania. FAU - Filip, Roxana AU - Filip R AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. AD - Suceava Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Suceava, Romania. FAU - Constantinescu-Bercu, Adela AU - Constantinescu-Bercu A AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. AD - Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Hemostasis Research Unit, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom. FAU - Dimian, Mihai AU - Dimian M AD - Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation for Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies, Manufacturing and Control Distributed Systems (MANSiD), University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. AD - Department of Computer, Electronics and Automation, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. FAU - Mangul, Serghei AU - Mangul S AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacy, USC Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. AD - Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, United States. FAU - Covasa, Mihai AU - Covasa M AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. AD - Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20240304 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Disease Management MH - Disease Progression PMC - PMC10944866 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Inflammatory markers OT - PASC OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - brain fog OT - vascular injury COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/03/19 06:44 MHDA- 2024/03/20 06:45 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/03/19 03:43 PHST- 2023/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/20 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/19 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/19 03:43 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344086 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Mar 4;15:1344086. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344086. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38495122 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241103 IS - 2688-2663 (Electronic) IS - 2688-2663 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Apr TI - Alterations in microbiota of patients with COVID-19: implications for therapeutic interventions. PG - e513 LID - 10.1002/mco2.513 [doi] LID - e513 AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recently caused a global pandemic, resulting in more than 702 million people being infected and over 6.9 million deaths. Patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may suffer from diarrhea, sleep disorders, depression, and even cognitive impairment, which is associated with long COVID during recovery. However, there remains no consensus on effective treatment methods. Studies have found that patients with COVID-19 have alterations in microbiota and their metabolites, particularly in the gut, which may be involved in the regulation of immune responses. Consumption of probiotics may alleviate the discomfort caused by inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the pathophysiological process underlying the alleviation of COVID-19-related symptoms and complications by targeting the microbiota remains unclear. In the current study, we summarize the latest research and evidence on the COVID-19 pandemic, together with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 and vaccine use, with a focus on the relationship between microbiota alterations and COVID-19-related symptoms and vaccine use. This work provides evidence that probiotic-based interventions may improve COVID-19 symptoms by regulating gut microbiota and systemic immunity. Probiotics may also be used as adjuvants to improve vaccine efficacy. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. MedComm published by Sichuan International Medical Exchange & Promotion Association (SCIMEA) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. FAU - Qiu, Yong AU - Qiu Y AD - Department of Anesthesiology National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012) West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. AD - Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. FAU - Mo, Chunheng AU - Mo C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2781-2132 AD - Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. FAU - Chen, Lu AU - Chen L AD - Department of Anesthesiology National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012) West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. AD - Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. FAU - Ye, Wanlin AU - Ye W AD - Department of Anesthesiology National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012) West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. AD - Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. FAU - Chen, Guo AU - Chen G AD - Department of Anesthesiology National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012) West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. AD - Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. FAU - Zhu, Tao AU - Zhu T AD - Department of Anesthesiology National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012) West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. AD - Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240315 PL - China TA - MedComm (2020) JT - MedComm JID - 101769925 PMC - PMC10943180 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - gut microbiota OT - immunity OT - probiotics OT - vaccine COIS- All authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/03/18 06:42 MHDA- 2024/03/18 06:43 PMCR- 2024/03/15 CRDT- 2024/03/18 04:16 PHST- 2023/08/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/18 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/18 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/18 04:16 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - MCO2513 [pii] AID - 10.1002/mco2.513 [doi] PST - epublish SO - MedComm (2020). 2024 Mar 15;5(4):e513. doi: 10.1002/mco2.513. eCollection 2024 Apr. PMID- 38490197 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240412 LR - 20250820 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Apr 9 TI - Persistent immune imprinting occurs after vaccination with the COVID-19 XBB.1.5 mRNA booster in humans. PG - 904-911.e4 LID - S1074-7613(24)00092-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.016 [doi] AB - Immune imprinting describes how the first exposure to a virus shapes immunological outcomes of subsequent exposures to antigenically related strains. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron breakthrough infections and bivalent COVID-19 vaccination primarily recall cross-reactive memory B cells induced by prior Wuhan-Hu-1 spike mRNA vaccination rather than priming Omicron-specific naive B cells. These findings indicate that immune imprinting occurs after repeated Wuhan-Hu-1 spike exposures, but whether it can be overcome remains unclear. To understand the persistence of immune imprinting, we investigated memory and plasma antibody responses after administration of the updated XBB.1.5 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine booster. We showed that the XBB.1.5 booster elicited neutralizing antibody responses against current variants that were dominated by recall of pre-existing memory B cells previously induced by the Wuhan-Hu-1 spike. Therefore, immune imprinting persists after multiple exposures to Omicron spikes through vaccination and infection, including post XBB.1.5 booster vaccination, which will need to be considered to guide future vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Tortorici, M Alejandra AU - Tortorici MA AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Addetia, Amin AU - Addetia A AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Seo, Albert J AU - Seo AJ AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Brown, Jack AU - Brown J AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Sprouse, Kaiti AU - Sprouse K AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Logue, Jenni AU - Logue J AD - Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Clark, Erica AU - Clark E AD - Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Franko, Nicholas AU - Franko N AD - Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Chu, Helen AU - Chu H AD - Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Veesler, David AU - Veesler D AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Electronic address: dveesler@uw.edu. LA - eng GR - S10 OD023476/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI167966/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United States GR - 75N93022C00036/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - DP1 AI158186/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240314 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2023 Nov 30:2023.11.28.569129. doi: 10.1101/2023.11.28.569129. PMID: 38076876 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC12360627 MID - NIHMS2101333 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 mRNA vaccines OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 variants OT - coronaviruses OT - depletion assays OT - immune imprinting OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - spike glycoprotein COIS- Declaration of interests H.C. reports consulting with Ellume, Pfizer, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. She has served on advisory boards for Vir, Merck, and Abbvie. She has conducted continuing medical education teaching with Medscape, Vindico, and Clinical Care Options. She has received research funding from Gates Ventures and support and reagents from Ellume and Cepheid, all outside of the submitted work. D.V. is named as inventor on patents for coronavirus vaccines filed by the University of Washington. EDAT- 2024/03/16 05:42 MHDA- 2024/04/12 06:44 PMCR- 2025/08/18 CRDT- 2024/03/15 19:42 PHST- 2023/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/12 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/16 05:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/15 19:42 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(24)00092-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2024 Apr 9;57(4):904-911.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.016. Epub 2024 Mar 14. PMID- 38489974 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240410 LR - 20240410 IS - 1878-1705 (Electronic) IS - 1567-5769 (Linking) VI - 131 DP - 2024 Apr 20 TI - A prognostic model for SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection: Analyzing a prospective cellular immunity cohort. PG - 111829 LID - S1567-5769(24)00347-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111829 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have identified several prevalent characteristics, especially related to lymphocyte subsets. However, limited research is available on the focus of this study, namely, the specific memory cell subsets among individuals who received COVID-19 vaccine boosters and subsequently experienced a SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection. METHODS: Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to investigate the early and longitudinal pattern changes of cellular immunity in patients with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections following COVID-19 vaccine boosters. XGBoost (a machine learning algorithm) was employed to analyze cellular immunity prior to SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough, aiming to establish a prognostic model for SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. RESULTS: Following SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection, naive T cells and T(EMRA) subsets increased while the percentage of T(CM) and T(EM) cells decreased. Naive and non-switched memory B cells increased while switched and double-negative memory B cells decreased. The XGBoost model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78, with an accuracy rate of 81.8 %, a sensitivity of 75 %, and specificity of 85.7 %. TNF-alpha, CD27(-)CD19(+)cells, and T(EMRA) subsets were identified as high predictors. An increase in TNF-alpha, cTfh, double-negative memory B cells, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-gamma prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with enduring clinical symptoms; conversely, an increase in CD3(+) T cells, CD4(+) T cells, and IL-2 was associated with clinical with non-enduring clinical symptoms. CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection leads to disturbances in cellular immunity. Assessing cellular immunity prior to breakthrough infection serves as a valuable prognostic tool for SARS-CoV-2 infection, which facilitates clinical decision-making. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Yang, Mei AU - Yang M AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Meng, Yuan AU - Meng Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Hao, Wudi AU - Hao W AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Jin AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Jianhua AU - Liu J AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wu, Lina AU - Wu L AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Lin, Baoxu AU - Lin B AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Yong AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Yue AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yu, Xiaojun AU - Yu X AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Xiaoqian AU - Wang X AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Gong, Yu AU - Gong Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Ge, Lili AU - Ge L AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Fan, Yan AU - Fan Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Xie, Conghong AU - Xie C AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Xu, Yiyun AU - Xu Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Chang, Qing AU - Chang Q AD - Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Yixiao AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhangyx@sj-hospital.org. FAU - Qin, Xiaosong AU - Qin X AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: qinxs@sj-hospital.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240314 PL - Netherlands TA - Int Immunopharmacol JT - International immunopharmacology JID - 100965259 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - COVID-19 breakthrough infections SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - Pandemics MH - Prognosis MH - Prospective Studies MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Antibodies, Viral OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cellular immunity OT - Machine learning OT - Memory cells OT - Model OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/03/16 05:42 MHDA- 2024/04/10 06:43 CRDT- 2024/03/15 19:07 PHST- 2023/12/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/10 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/16 05:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/15 19:07 [entrez] AID - S1567-5769(24)00347-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111829 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Apr 20;131:111829. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111829. Epub 2024 Mar 14. PMID- 38486297 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240318 LR - 20241115 IS - 1741-7015 (Electronic) IS - 1741-7015 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Mar 14 TI - Risk of encephalitis and meningitis after COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea: a self-controlled case series analysis. PG - 123 LID - 10.1186/s12916-024-03347-6 [doi] LID - 123 AB - BACKGROUND: Several neurological manifestations shortly after a receipt of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine have been described in the recent case reports. Among those, we sought to evaluate the risk of encephalitis and meningitis after COVID-19 vaccination in the entire South Korean population. METHODS: We conducted self-controlled case series (SCCS) analysis using the COVID-19 immunization record data from the Korea Disease Control Agency between February 2021 and March 2022, linked with the National Health Insurance Database between January 2021 and October 2022. We retrieved all medical claims of adults aged 18 years or older who received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1-S, or Ad26.COV2.S), and included only those who had a diagnosis record for encephalitis or meningitis within the 240-day post-vaccination period. With day 0 defined as the date of vaccination, risk window was defined as days 1-28 and the control window as the remainder period excluding the risk windows within the 240-day period. We used conditional Poisson regression to estimate the incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), stratified by dose and vaccine type. RESULTS: From 129,956,027 COVID-19 vaccine doses administered to 44,564,345 individuals, there were 251 and 398 cases of encephalitis and meningitis during the risk window, corresponding to 1.9 and 3.1 cases per 1 million doses, respectively. Overall, there was an increased risk of encephalitis in the first 28 days of COVID-19 vaccination (IRR 1.26; 95% CI 1.08-1.47), which was only significant after a receipt of ChAdOx1-S (1.49; 1.03-2.15). For meningitis, no increased risk was observed after any dose of COVID-19 vaccine (IRR 1.03; 95% CI 0.91-1.16). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an overall increased risk of encephalitis after COVID-19 vaccination. However, the absolute risk was small and should not impede COVID-19 vaccine confidence. No significant association was found between the risk of meningitis and COVID-19 vaccination. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Kim, Ju Hwan AU - Kim JH AD - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. AD - Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. FAU - Yoon, Dongwon AU - Yoon D AD - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. AD - Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. FAU - Ko, Hwa Yeon AU - Ko HY AD - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. FAU - Jung, Kyungyeon AU - Jung K AD - Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. FAU - Sunwoo, Jun-Sang AU - Sunwoo JS AD - Department of Neurology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Shin, Won Chul AU - Shin WC AD - Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Byun, Jung-Ick AU - Byun JI AD - Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. jbyun@khu.ac.kr. FAU - Shin, Ju-Young AU - Shin JY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1010-7525 AD - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. shin.jy@skku.edu. AD - Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. shin.jy@skku.edu. AD - Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea. shin.jy@skku.edu. LA - eng GR - 2021-05-008/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240314 PL - England TA - BMC Med JT - BMC medicine JID - 101190723 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - JT2NS6183B (Ad26COVS1) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Ad26COVS1 MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *Encephalitis MH - *Meningitis/epidemiology/etiology MH - *Communicable Diseases MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 PMC - PMC10941581 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - Encephalitis OT - Meningitis OT - Self-controlled case series COIS- Dr. Shin received grants from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the National Research Foundation of Korea, and the Government-wide R&D Fund for Infectious Disease Research and Pharmaceutical Companies, including Pfizer, UCB, and LG Chem. No other relationships or activities have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2024/03/15 06:44 MHDA- 2024/03/18 06:44 PMCR- 2024/03/14 CRDT- 2024/03/15 00:52 PHST- 2023/11/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/18 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/15 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/15 00:52 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12916-024-03347-6 [pii] AID - 3347 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12916-024-03347-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Med. 2024 Mar 14;22(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s12916-024-03347-6. PMID- 38469293 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240313 LR - 20241031 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - The immunobiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine responses: potential influences of cross-reactive memory responses and aging on efficacy and off-target effects. PG - 1345499 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345499 [doi] LID - 1345499 AB - Immune responses to both SARS-CoV-2 infection and its associated vaccines have been highly variable within the general population. The increasing evidence of long-lasting symptoms after resolution of infection, called post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) or "Long COVID," suggests that immune-mediated mechanisms are at play. Closely related endemic common human coronaviruses (hCoV) can induce pre-existing and potentially cross-reactive immunity, which can then affect primary SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as vaccination responses. The influence of pre-existing immunity from these hCoVs, as well as responses generated from original CoV2 strains or vaccines on the development of new high-affinity responses to CoV2 antigenic viral variants, needs to be better understood given the need for continuous vaccine adaptation and application in the population. Due in part to thymic involution, normal aging is associated with reduced naive T cell compartments and impaired primary antigen responsiveness, resulting in a reliance on the pre-existing cross-reactive memory cell pool which may be of lower affinity, restricted in diversity, or of shorter duration. These effects can also be mediated by the presence of down-regulatory anti-idiotype responses which also increase in aging. Given the tremendous heterogeneity of clinical data, utilization of preclinical models offers the greatest ability to assess immune responses under a controlled setting. These models should now involve prior antigen/viral exposure combined with incorporation of modifying factors such as age on immune responses and effects. This will also allow for mechanistic dissection and understanding of the different immune pathways involved in both SARS-CoV-2 pathogen and potential vaccine responses over time and how pre-existing memory responses, including potential anti-idiotype responses, can affect efficacy as well as potential off-target effects in different tissues as well as modeling PASC. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Collins, Longo and Murphy. FAU - Collins, Craig P AU - Collins CP AD - Graduate Program in Immunology, University of California (UC) Davis, Davis, CA, United States. FAU - Longo, Dan L AU - Longo DL AD - Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Murphy, William J AU - Murphy WJ AD - Departments of Dermatology and Internal Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), University of California (UC) Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240226 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin Idiotypes) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Vaccines MH - Aging MH - Immunoglobulin Idiotypes PMC - PMC10925677 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - aging OT - anti-idiotype antibodies OT - immunology OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/03/12 06:43 MHDA- 2024/03/13 06:47 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/03/12 03:54 PHST- 2023/11/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/13 06:47 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/12 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/12 03:54 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345499 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Feb 26;15:1345499. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345499. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38458195 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240401 LR - 20250115 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 43 IP - 3 DP - 2024 Mar 26 TI - CD8(+) T cell memory induced by successive SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations is characterized by shifts in clonal dominance. PG - 113887 LID - S2211-1247(24)00215-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113887 [doi] AB - mRNA vaccines against the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) elicit strong T cell responses. However, a clonal-resolution analysis of T cell responses to mRNA vaccination has not been performed. Here, we temporally track the CD8(+) T cell repertoire in individuals who received three shots of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine through longitudinal T cell receptor sequencing with peptide-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) tetramer analysis. We demonstrate a shift in T cell responses between the clonotypes with different kinetics: from early responders that expand rapidly after the first shot to main responders that greatly expand after the second shot. Although the main responders re-expand after the third shot, their clonal diversity is skewed, and newly elicited third responders partially replace them. Furthermore, this shift in clonal dominance occurs not only between, but also within, clonotypes specific for spike epitopes. Our study will be a valuable resource for understanding vaccine-induced T cell responses in general. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Aoki, Hiroyasu AU - Aoki H AD - Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. FAU - Kitabatake, Masahiro AU - Kitabatake M AD - Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara 6348521, Japan. FAU - Abe, Haruka AU - Abe H AD - Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan. FAU - Xu, Peng AU - Xu P AD - Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan. FAU - Tsunoda, Mikiya AU - Tsunoda M AD - Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan. FAU - Shichino, Shigeyuki AU - Shichino S AD - Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan. FAU - Hara, Atsushi AU - Hara A AD - Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara 6348521, Japan. FAU - Ouji-Sageshima, Noriko AU - Ouji-Sageshima N AD - Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara 6348521, Japan. FAU - Motozono, Chihiro AU - Motozono C AD - Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan. FAU - Ito, Toshihiro AU - Ito T AD - Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara 6348521, Japan. FAU - Matsushima, Kouji AU - Matsushima K AD - Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan. FAU - Ueha, Satoshi AU - Ueha S AD - Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan. Electronic address: ueha@rs.tus.ac.jp. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240307 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8(+) T cells OT - CP: Immunology OT - CP: Microbiology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - TCR motif OT - TCR repertoire OT - longitudinal repertoire analysis OT - mRNA vaccination OT - pHLA tetramer OT - pre-existing memory OT - single-cell TCRseq OT - spike epitopes COIS- Declaration of interests H. Aoki reports stock for ImmunoGeneTeqs, Inc. S.S. reports an advisory role for ImmunoGeneTeqs, Inc. and stock for ImmunoGeneTeqs, Inc. T.I. reports research funding from Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Biometrics Sympathies Inc. K.M. reports a consulting or advisory role for Kyowa-Hakko Kirin and ImmunoGeneTeqs, Inc; research funding from Kyowa-Hakko Kirin and Ono; and stock for ImmunoGeneTeqs, Inc. and IDAC Theranostics, Inc. S.U. reports an advisory role for ImmunoGeneTeqs, Inc. and stock for ImmunoGeneTeqs, Inc. and IDAC Theranostics, Inc. EDAT- 2024/03/09 10:42 MHDA- 2024/04/01 06:42 CRDT- 2024/03/08 18:42 PHST- 2023/07/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/01 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/09 10:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/08 18:42 [entrez] AID - S2211-1247(24)00215-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113887 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2024 Mar 26;43(3):113887. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113887. Epub 2024 Mar 7. PMID- 38447388 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240807 LR - 20250730 IS - 1873-7714 (Electronic) IS - 0163-8343 (Linking) VI - 88 DP - 2024 May-Jun TI - Prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog in people with long COVID: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 10-22 LID - S0163-8343(24)00039-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.02.009 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Long COVID can include impaired cognition ('brain fog'; a term encompassing multiple symptoms) and mental health conditions. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate their prevalence and to explore relevant factors associated with the incidence of impaired cognition and mental health conditions. METHODS: Searches were conducted in Medline and PsycINFO to cover the start of the pandemic until August 2023. Included studies reported prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog in adults with long COVID after clinically-diagnosed or PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. FINDINGS: 17 studies were included, reporting 41,249 long COVID patients. Across all timepoints (3-24 months), the combined prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog was 20.4% (95% CI 11.1%-34.4%), being lower among those previously hospitalised than in community-managed patients(19.5 vs 29.7% respectively; p = 0.047). The odds of mental health conditions and brain fog increased over time and when validated instruments were used. Odds of brain fog significantly decreased with increasing vaccination rates (p = .000). CONCLUSIONS: Given the increasing prevalence of mental health conditions and brain fog over time, preventive interventions and treatments are needed. Research is needed to explore underlying mechanisms that could inform further research in development of effective treatments. The reduced risk of brain fog associated with vaccination emphasizes the need for ongoing vaccination programs. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - van der Feltz-Cornelis, Christina AU - van der Feltz-Cornelis C AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom; Hull York Medical School, (HYMS), University of York, York, United Kingdom; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: christina.vanderfeltz-cornelis@york.ac.uk. FAU - Turk, Fidan AU - Turk F AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom. FAU - Sweetman, Jennifer AU - Sweetman J AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom. FAU - Khunti, Kamlesh AU - Khunti K AD - Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. FAU - Gabbay, Mark AU - Gabbay M AD - Department of Primary Care and Mental Health University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom. FAU - Shepherd, Jessie AU - Shepherd J AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom. FAU - Montgomery, Hugh AU - Montgomery H AD - Department of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Strain, W David AU - Strain WD AD - Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Research Centre, Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Science and College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK. FAU - Lip, Gregory Y H AU - Lip GYH AD - Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Danish Center for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. FAU - Wootton, Dan AU - Wootton D AD - Institute of Infection Veterinary and Ecological Sciences and NIHR HPRU in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom. FAU - Watkins, Caroline Leigh AU - Watkins CL AD - Lancashire Clinical Trials Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom. FAU - Cuthbertson, Daniel J AU - Cuthbertson DJ AD - Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom. FAU - Williams, Nefyn AU - Williams N AD - Department of Primary Care and Mental Health University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom. FAU - Banerjee, Amitava AU - Banerjee A AD - Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20240227 PL - United States TA - Gen Hosp Psychiatry JT - General hospital psychiatry JID - 7905527 EIN - Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2025 Jan-Feb;92:112. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.09.006. PMID: 39277496 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology/etiology MH - Mental Disorders/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain fog OT - COVID-19 OT - Long COVID OT - Mental health conditions OT - Meta-analysis OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declaration of competing interest Unless otherwise stated, funding for this project was paid to author institutions. In addition, CFC has had recent or current involvement with grants from the British Medical Association (CANDO Study), EU Horizon (EMPOWER Study), the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (Regional systems intervention for suicide prevention (SUPREMOCOL) in Noord -Brabant, the Netherlands), and NIHR HS&DR (Frequent Users of the Emergency Department: Improving and Standardising Services-a mixed methods study). CFC has received royalties for books on Psychiatry, an honorarium payment related to a lecture at the Big Questions in Neuroscience Annual meeting from Janssen UK, and has received travel and accommodation in the UK for a lecture from The Lloyd Register Foundation. CFC is an International member of the Scientific Advisory Board on the IMPACT in South Asia Research project, funded by the NIHR Global Health Program. KK is a past Chair of the Ethnicity Subgroup of the UK Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE) and a past Member of SAGE. KK is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC EM) and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). MG is part-funded by NIHR applied Research Collaboration North West Coast. HM has consulted for Astra Zeneca on covid vaccines and monoclonal therapies. HM has accepted lecture fees and conference support from Astra Zeneca relating to covid vaccines and monoclonal therapies. GYHL is a consultant and speaker for BMS/Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Anthos; no fees are received personally. DW holds an NIHR Advanced Fellowship to study hospital acquired pneumonia; this is held at University of Liverpool. CLW receives support from Applied Research Collaboration (ARCNWC): NIHR ARC NWC, PARticipation And engagement in Life and LEisure activities foLlowing stroke (PARALLEL): developing of a complex intervention: NIHR ARC NWC Mental Health Early Career Researcher Development Fellowship, NIHR HTA (EASE: Evaluating Antidepressants for emotionaliSm after strokE: A multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to establish the effect(s) of administration of sertraline (50 mg once daily for Six Months) in people with a recent stroke and post-stroke emotionalism; Should we use post-operative antibiotics following surgery for patients with mandible fractures? The MANTRA trial (MANdibular TRauma and Antibiotic use); Acceptability and feasibility of using the Virtual Engagement Rehabilitation Assistant (VERA) for community-based neurological rehabilitation). CLW receives support from NIHR Palliative and End of Life Care Research Partnerships for Living well and Dying Well in the last year of life for older people in rural and remote communities across the UK, and from NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research for PREPARE: imPRoving End of life care Practice in stroke cARE. CLW is a member of Data Monitoring and Ethics Committees (Clinical and cost-effectiveness of a personalised health promotion intervention enabling independence in older people with mild frailty ('HomeHealth'): A Randomised Controlled Trial; The Metoclopramide for Avoiding Pneumonia after Stroke (MAPS-2) Trial: a single-blind, randomised controlled trial of metoclopramide for the prevention of pneumonia in patients with dysphagia after an acute stroke), a Study Steering Committee 7 - Predicting AF after Cardiac Surgery - the PARADISE Score A Clinical Prediction Rule for Post-operative Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery, and sat on a Trial Steering Committee - COVID NURSE: evaluation of the effects of a COVID-specific fundamental nursing care protocol compared to care as usual on experience of care for non-invasively ventilated patients in hospital with the SARS-CoV-2 virus: a randomised controlled trial. DJC has received investigator-initiated research funding, conference and/or consultancy fees and support for attending meetings/travel from NovoNordisk, Astra Zeneca and Ipsen. NW is Deputy Chair NIHR HTA Programme Funding Committee (Commissioned Research); payments are paid to institution. NW is GP partner in Llanfairfechan Group Practices; drawings are made to NW. AB has had recent or current involvement with NIHR, BMA, Astra Zeneca and UKRI research grants. AB is an unpaid Trustee for the South Asian Health Foundation. All other authors have no COIs to report. EDAT- 2024/03/07 00:43 MHDA- 2024/04/09 06:45 CRDT- 2024/03/06 18:09 PHST- 2024/01/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/09 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/07 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/06 18:09 [entrez] AID - S0163-8343(24)00039-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.02.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2024 May-Jun;88:10-22. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.02.009. Epub 2024 Feb 27. PMID- 38442743 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240425 LR - 20240920 IS - 1839-3551 (Electronic) IS - 1446-1242 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Mar TI - Leaky bodies, vaccination and three layers of memory: bio-immune, social-collective and lived experience. PG - 73-88 LID - 10.1080/14461242.2024.2320223 [doi] AB - This paper focuses on the omnipresent yet analytically almost invisible role of memory and bodily experiences in childhood vaccination. Previous scholarship on the sociocultural aspects of vaccination has primarily focused on the individual and sociodemographic factors underpinning vaccine hesitancy, the role of healthcare professionals and the politicisation or mediatisation of vaccination. Social practices considering vaccination were primarily explored as a matter of the present. Only little consideration was given to the past, individual biographies and sociohistorical temporalities. To complement this body of work, we focus on cognitively-based, embodied and emotionally-experienced memory related to vaccination. Based on a qualitative study of childhood vaccination conducted in Czechia between 2017 and 2019 consisting of ethnographic observations, in-depth interviews and a document review, we identified three interconnected forms of vaccination memory: bio-immune, social-collective and lived experience. Bio-immune memory refers to the body's physical memory, gained to protect itself from diseases. Social-collective memory focuses on socially shared narratives about diseases and vaccination in the past. The memory of lived experience refers to feelings, embodied knowledge and pain. Our findings may inspire further analysis of childhood vaccination in other geographical contexts and amidst the reconfiguration of attitudes and newly established memories following the COVID-19 pandemic. FAU - Divisek, Tereza AU - Divisek T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3501-6964 AD - Institute of Sociological Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Prague. FAU - Numerato, Dino AU - Numerato D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4821-6471 AD - Institute of Sociological Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Prague. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240305 PL - United States TA - Health Sociol Rev JT - Health sociology review : the journal of the Health Section of the Australian Sociological Association JID - 101156268 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Vaccination/psychology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology MH - Vaccination Hesitancy/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Qualitative Research MH - Memory MH - Czech Republic MH - Child MH - Female MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Male MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage OTO - NOTNLM OT - Vaccination OT - embodied memory OT - leakiness OT - leaky body OT - memory EDAT- 2024/03/06 00:42 MHDA- 2024/04/25 06:48 CRDT- 2024/03/05 19:03 PHST- 2024/04/25 06:48 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/06 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/05 19:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/14461242.2024.2320223 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Health Sociol Rev. 2024 Mar;33(1):73-88. doi: 10.1080/14461242.2024.2320223. Epub 2024 Mar 5. PMID- 38441373 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240306 LR - 20250422 IS - 1365-3083 (Electronic) IS - 0300-9475 (Linking) VI - 99 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Feb TI - To be remembered: B cell memory response against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. PG - e13345 LID - 10.1111/sji.13345 [doi] AB - COVID-19 disease has plagued the world economy and affected the overall well-being and life of most of the people. Natural infection as well as vaccination leads to the development of an immune response against the pathogen. This involves the production of antibodies, which can neutralize the virus during future challenges. In addition, the development of cellular immune memory with memory B and T cells provides long-lasting protection. The longevity of the immune response has been a subject of intensive research in this field. The extent of immunity conferred by different forms of vaccination or natural infections remained debatable for long. Hence, understanding the effectiveness of these responses among different groups of people can assist government organizations in making informed policy decisions. In this article, based on the publicly available data, we have reviewed the memory response generated by some of the vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, particularly B cell memory in different groups of individuals. CI - (c) 2023 The Scandinavian Foundation for Immunology. FAU - Ahmed, Nafees AU - Ahmed N AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India. FAU - Athavale, Atharv AU - Athavale A AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India. FAU - Tripathi, Ankita H AU - Tripathi AH AD - Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. FAU - Subramaniam, Adarsh AU - Subramaniam A AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India. FAU - Upadhyay, Santosh K AU - Upadhyay SK AD - Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. FAU - Pandey, Anil Kumar AU - Pandey AK AD - ESIC, Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India. FAU - Rai, Ramesh Chandra AU - Rai RC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8008-3904 AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India. FAU - Awasthi, Amit AU - Awasthi A AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20231206 PL - England TA - Scand J Immunol JT - Scandinavian journal of immunology JID - 0323767 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Antibodies MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Unvaccinated Persons OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - hybrid immunity OT - immune response OT - memory B cell OT - vaccine EDAT- 2024/03/05 12:44 MHDA- 2024/03/06 06:43 CRDT- 2024/03/05 10:09 PHST- 2023/10/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/06 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/05 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/05 10:09 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/sji.13345 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Scand J Immunol. 2024 Feb;99(2):e13345. doi: 10.1111/sji.13345. Epub 2023 Dec 6. PMID- 38436682 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240529 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1459 (Electronic) IS - 0340-5354 (Linking) VI - 271 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jun TI - Outcome predictors of post-COVID conditions in the European Academy of Neurology COVID-19 registry. PG - 3153-3168 LID - 10.1007/s00415-024-12212-8 [doi] AB - Several neurological manifestations are part of the post-COVID condition. We aimed to: (1) evaluate the 6-month outcome in the cohort of patients with neurological manifestations during the COVID-19 acute phase and surviving the infection, and find outcome predictors; (2) define the prevalence and type of neurological symptoms persistent at six months after the infection. Data source was an international registry of patients with COVID-19 infection and neurological symptoms, signs or diagnoses established by the European Academy of Neurology. Functional status at six-month follow-up was measured with the modified Rankin scale (mRS), and defined as: "stable/improved" if the mRS at six months was equal as or lower than the baseline score; "worse" if it was higher than the baseline score. By October 30, 2022, 1,003 lab-confirmed COVID-19 patients were followed up for a median of 6.5 months. Compared to their pre-morbid status, 522 patients (52%) were stable/improved, whereas 465 (46%) were worse (functional status missing for 16). Age, hospitalization, several pre-COVID-19 comorbidities, and COVID-19 general complications were predictors of a worse status. Amongst neurological manifestations, stroke carried the highest risk for worse outcome (OR 5.96), followed by hyperactive delirium (2.8), and peripheral neuropathies (2.37). On the other hand, hyposmia/hypogeusia (0.38), headache (0.40), myalgia (0.45), and COVID-19 vaccination (0.52) were predictors of a favourable prognosis. Persisting neurological symptoms or signs were reported by 316/1003 patients (31.5%), the commonest being fatigue (n = 133), and impaired memory or concentration (n = 103). Our study identified significant long-term prognostic predictors in patients with COVID-19 and neurological manifestations. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany. FAU - Leone, Maurizio Angelo AU - Leone MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6339-5738 AD - Department of Neurosciences, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy. maurizio.leone@marionegri.it. FAU - Helbok, Raimund AU - Helbok R AD - Department of Neurology, Neurocritical Care Unit, Vienna, Austria. raimund.helbok@kepleruniklinikum.at. FAU - Bianchi, Elisa AU - Bianchi E AD - Department of Neurosciences, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy. FAU - Yasuda, Clarissa Lin AU - Yasuda CL AD - University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Konti, Maria AU - Konti M AD - European Academy of Neurology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Ramankulov, Dauren AU - Ramankulov D AD - European Academy of Neurology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Lolich, Maria AU - Lolich M AD - European Academy of Neurology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Lovrencic-Huzjan, Arijana AU - Lovrencic-Huzjan A AD - Department of Neurology, UHC Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia. FAU - Kovacs, Tibor AU - Kovacs T AD - Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Armon, Carmel AU - Armon C AD - Tel Aviv University School of Medicine and Shamir (Assaf Harofeh), Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Cotelli, Maria Sofia AU - Cotelli MS AD - Neurology Unit ASST Valcamonica-Esine, Brescia, Italy. FAU - Cavallieri, Francesco AU - Cavallieri F AD - Neurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS Di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy. FAU - Grosu, Oxana AU - Grosu O AD - Diomid Gherman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Chisinau, Moldova. FAU - Kiteva-Trenchevska, Gordana AU - Kiteva-Trenchevska G AD - Medical Faculty, University Clinic for Neurology, University "Ss. Cyril and Methodius", Skopje, North Macedonia. FAU - Rodriguez-Leyva, Ildefonso AU - Rodriguez-Leyva I AD - Medicine Faculty, Head Neurology Program, Hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Moronnes Prieto", Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. FAU - Boldingh, Marion AU - Boldingh M AD - Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Brola, Waldemar AU - Brola W AD - Department of Neurology, Specialist Hospital Konskie, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland. FAU - Maia, Luis F AU - Maia LF AD - Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitario Do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Institute for Research & Innovation in Health (i3S), Porto, Portugal. FAU - de Seabra, Mafalda Maria Laracho AU - de Seabra MML AD - Neurology Department, Hospital de Sao Joao, Porto, Portugal. AD - Neurology and Neurosurgery Unit of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Davidescu, Eugenia Irene AU - Davidescu EI AD - Neurology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. AD - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Popescu, Bogdan Ovidiu AU - Popescu BO AD - Neurology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. AD - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Kopishinskaia, Svetlana AU - Kopishinskaia S AD - Centre de Recherche du CHU de Quebec, Laval University, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Bassetti, Claudio L A AU - Bassetti CLA AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Moro, Elena AU - Moro E AD - Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Grenoble, France. CN - ENERGY Study Group ( section sign) LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240304 PL - Germany TA - J Neurol JT - Journal of neurology JID - 0423161 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - *Registries MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology/etiology MH - Europe/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Prognosis MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Comorbidity MH - Neurology/statistics & numerical data MH - Follow-Up Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Neurological conditions OT - Outcome OT - Post-Covid OT - Prognosis FIR - Petrosyan, Khachik IR - Petrosyan K FIR - Kindl, Philipp IR - Kindl P FIR - Krehan, Ingomar IR - Krehan I FIR - Sellner, Johan IR - Sellner J FIR - Kohler, Edith IR - Kohler E FIR - Scardua, Lucas IR - Scardua L FIR - Jung, Simon IR - Jung S FIR - Buskova, Jitka IR - Buskova J FIR - Wojtecki, Lars IR - Wojtecki L FIR - Taba, Pille IR - Taba P FIR - Meoni, Sara IR - Meoni S FIR - Jenkins, Thomas Michael IR - Jenkins TM FIR - Vinski, Ivana IR - Vinski I FIR - Bereczki, Daniel IR - Bereczki D FIR - Agajany, Netta IR - Agajany N FIR - Bianchi, Marta IR - Bianchi M FIR - Turla, Marinella IR - Turla M FIR - Valzania, Franco IR - Valzania F FIR - Toschi, Giulia IR - Toschi G FIR - Rossi, Jessica IR - Rossi J FIR - Olesea, Odainic IR - Olesea O FIR - Svetlana, Plesca IR - Svetlana P FIR - Elena, Manole IR - Elena M FIR - Avalos-Pavon, Rafael IR - Avalos-Pavon R FIR - Aamodt, Anne Hege IR - Aamodt AH FIR - Novotny, Vojtech IR - Novotny V FIR - Farmen, Annette Huuse IR - Farmen AH FIR - Flemmen, Heidi Oyen IR - Flemmen HO FIR - Siutka, Katarzyna IR - Siutka K FIR - Santos, Elaine IR - Santos E FIR - Martins, Barbara Pinto IR - Martins BP FIR - Odajiu, Irina IR - Odajiu I FIR - Sandu, Constantin Dragos IR - Sandu CD FIR - Covaliu, Anca IR - Covaliu A FIR - Jugurt, Ana IR - Jugurt A FIR - Zakharova, Maria IR - Zakharova M FIR - Idiiatova, Vasilya IR - Idiiatova V FIR - Ozturk, Serefnur IR - Ozturk S EDAT- 2024/03/04 12:50 MHDA- 2024/05/29 12:44 CRDT- 2024/03/04 11:04 PHST- 2023/11/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/29 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/04 12:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/04 11:04 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00415-024-12212-8 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00415-024-12212-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurol. 2024 Jun;271(6):3153-3168. doi: 10.1007/s00415-024-12212-8. Epub 2024 Mar 4. PMID- 38425890 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240302 IS - 2353-5571 (Electronic) IS - 2353-4184 (Print) IS - 2353-5571 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2024 TI - Priming congruence and COVID-19 vaccination intention: a mediation analysis. PG - 79-86 LID - 10.5114/hpr/157228 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This study took place at the height of the fifth wave of COVID-19 in France, coinciding with stigmatizing communication toward the unvaccinated. We hypothesized that adherence to this communication would facilitate or inhibit the effects of priming on vaccination intention, depending on whether the priming included a dimension of connection to others. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE: In a convenience online French sample (N = 1800, M age = 26.30), vaccination intention was asked after love priming, no love/prejudice priming, materialism priming, or a control condition. Participants also reported their adherence to restrictive measures, i.e., media control, vaccination pass, and mandatory vaccination. RESULTS: Vaccination intention was higher in the no love/prejudice and materialism conditions than in the love and control conditions. Adherence to restrictive measures mediated the effect of prejudice or materialism priming on intention to get vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS: Implications of these results are discussed in light of the socially situated cognition perspective and the congruence of (a) a societal context of communication toward the vaccine and the unvaccinated, (b) the participant's degree of adherence to that communication, (c) the theme of priming, whether or not related to feeling connected to others. Implications of materialism priming are discussed, and the effect of commitment on intention to get vaccinated. CI - Copyright (c) Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk. FAU - Lamy, Lubomir AU - Lamy L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6114-2641 AD - Paris Cite University, Paris, France. FAU - Fischer-Lokou, Jacques AU - Fischer-Lokou J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8601-6772 AD - Southern Brittany University, Rennes, France. FAU - Gueguen, Nicolas AU - Gueguen N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8963-1751 AD - Southern Brittany University, Rennes, France. FAU - Guegan, Jerome AU - Guegan J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6275-7258 AD - Paris Cite University, Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230321 PL - Poland TA - Health Psychol Rep JT - Health psychology report JID - 101677269 PMC - PMC10900976 OTO - NOTNLM OT - love OT - materialism OT - prejudice OT - socially situated cognition EDAT- 2024/03/01 06:44 MHDA- 2024/03/01 06:45 PMCR- 2023/03/21 CRDT- 2024/03/01 03:55 PHST- 2022/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/01 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/01 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/01 03:55 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 157228 [pii] AID - 10.5114/hpr/157228 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Psychol Rep. 2023 Mar 21;12(1):79-86. doi: 10.5114/hpr/157228. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38420128 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240301 LR - 20240412 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - SARS-CoV-2 spike-reactive naive B cells and pre-existing memory B cells contribute to antibody responses in unexposed individuals after vaccination. PG - 1355949 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355949 [doi] LID - 1355949 AB - INTRODUCTION: Since December 2019, the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented considerable public health challenges. Multiple vaccines have been used to induce neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and memory B-cell responses against the viral spike (S) glycoprotein, and many essential epitopes have been defined. Previous reports have identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike-reactive naive B cells and preexisting memory B cells in unexposed individuals. However, the role of these spike-reactive B cells in vaccine-induced immunity remains unknown. METHODS: To elucidate the characteristics of preexisting SARS-CoV-2 S-reactive B cells as well as their maturation after antigen encounter, we assessed the relationship of spike-reactive B cells before and after vaccination in unexposed human individuals. We further characterized the sequence identity, targeting domain, broad-spectrum binding activity and neutralizing activity of these SARS-CoV-2 S-reactive B cells by isolating monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from these B cells. RESULTS: The frequencies of both spike-reactive naive B cells and preexisting memory B cells before vaccination correlated with the frequencies of spike-reactive memory B cells after vaccination. Isolated mAbs from spike-reactive naive B cells before vaccination had fewer somatic hypermutations (SHMs) than mAbs isolated from spike-reactive memory B cells before and after vaccination, but bound SARS-CoV-2 spike in vitro. Intriguingly, these germline-like mAbs possessed broad binding profiles for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, although with low or no neutralizing capacity. According to tracking of the evolution of IGHV4-4/IGKV3-20 lineage antibodies from a single donor, the lineage underwent SHMs and developed increased binding activity after vaccination. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that spike-reactive naive B cells can be expanded and matured by vaccination and cocontribute to vaccine-elicited antibody responses with preexisting memory B cells. Selectively and precisely targeting spike-reactive B cells by rational antigen design may provide a novel strategy for next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Teng, Hu, Wang, Tang, Wu, Zheng, Lu, Pan, Liu, Xie, Wu, Li, Liu and Qu. FAU - Teng, Shishan AU - Teng S AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Hu, Yabin AU - Hu Y AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Wang, You AU - Wang Y AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Tang, Yinggen AU - Tang Y AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Qian AU - Wu Q AD - Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zheng, Xingyu AU - Zheng X AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Lu, Rui AU - Lu R AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Pan, Dong AU - Pan D AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Fen AU - Liu F AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Xie, Tianyi AU - Xie T AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Chanfeng AU - Wu C AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Li, Yi-Ping AU - Li YP AD - Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Wenpei AU - Liu W AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. FAU - Qu, Xiaowang AU - Qu X AD - School of Public Health & School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical School & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240214 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibody Formation MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal PMC - PMC10899457 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - monoclonal antibody OT - naive B cell OT - preexisting memory B cell OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/02/29 06:43 MHDA- 2024/03/01 06:44 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/02/29 04:08 PHST- 2023/12/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/01 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/29 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/29 04:08 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355949 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2024 Feb 14;15:1355949. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355949. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38417765 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240318 LR - 20240410 IS - 1521-7035 (Electronic) IS - 1521-6616 (Linking) VI - 261 DP - 2024 Apr TI - Tracking the immune response profiles elicited by the BNT162b2 vaccine in COVID-19 unexperienced and experienced individuals. PG - 110164 LID - S1521-6616(24)00055-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110164 [doi] AB - Multiple vaccines have been approved to control COVID-19 pandemic, with Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2) being widely used. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of the immune response elicited after three doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in individuals who have previously experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection and in unexperienced ones. We conducted immunological analyses and single-cell transcriptomics of circulating T and B lymphocytes, combined to CITE-seq or LIBRA-seq, and VDJ-seq. We found that antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 Spike, NTD and RBD from wild-type, delta and omicron VoCs show comparable dynamics in both vaccination groups, with a peak after the second dose, a decline after six months and a restoration after the booster dose. The antibody neutralization activity was maintained, with lower titers against the omicron variant. Spike-specific memory B cell response was sustained over the vaccination schedule. Clonal analysis revealed that Spike-specific B cells were polyclonal, with a partial clone conservation from natural infection to vaccination. Spike-specific T cell responses were oriented towards effector and effector memory phenotypes, with similar trends in unexperienced and experienced individuals. The CD8 T cell compartment showed a higher clonal expansion and persistence than CD4 T cells. The first two vaccinations doses tended to induce new clones rather than promoting expansion of pre-existing clones. However, we identified a fraction of Spike-specific CD8 T cell clones persisting from natural infection that were boosted by vaccination and clones specifically induced by vaccination. Collectively, our observations revealed a moderate effect of the second dose in enhancing the immune responses elicited after the first vaccination. Differently, we found that a third dose was necessary to restore comparable levels of neutralizing antibodies and Spike-specific T and B cell responses in individuals who experienced a natural SARS-CoV-2 infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Galeota, Eugenia AU - Galeota E AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Bevilacqua, Valeria AU - Bevilacqua V AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Gobbini, Andrea AU - Gobbini A AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Gruarin, Paola AU - Gruarin P AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Bombaci, Mauro AU - Bombaci M AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Pesce, Elisa AU - Pesce E AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Favalli, Andrea AU - Favalli A AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Ph.D. Program in Translational and Molecular Medicine, Dottorato in Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale (DIMET), University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy. FAU - Lombardi, Andrea AU - Lombardi A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milano, Milan 20122, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy. FAU - Vincenti, Francesca AU - Vincenti F AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Ongaro, Jessica AU - Ongaro J AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Fabbris, Tanya AU - Fabbris T AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Curti, Serena AU - Curti S AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Martinovic, Martina AU - Martinovic M AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Toccafondi, Mirco AU - Toccafondi M AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Lorenzo, Mariangela AU - Lorenzo M AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Critelli, Angelica AU - Critelli A AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Clemente, Francesca AU - Clemente F AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Crosti, Mariacristina AU - Crosti M AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Sarnicola, Maria Lucia AU - Sarnicola ML AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Martinelli, Manuele AU - Martinelli M AD - CheckmAb Srl, Milan, Italy. FAU - La Sala, Lucia AU - La Sala L AD - IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan 20138, Italy. FAU - Espadas, Alejandro AU - Espadas A AD - Laboratory of Transplant Immunology - North Italy Transplant program (NITp) - Foundation IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico of Milan, Italy. FAU - Donnici, Lorena AU - Donnici L AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy. FAU - Borghi, Maria Orietta AU - Borghi MO AD - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Immunorheumatology Research Laboratory, Milan, Italy. FAU - De Feo, Tullia AU - De Feo T AD - Laboratory of Transplant Immunology - North Italy Transplant program (NITp) - Foundation IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico of Milan, Italy. FAU - De Francesco, Raffaele AU - De Francesco R AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Prati, Daniele AU - Prati D AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Foundation IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico of Milan, Italy. FAU - Meroni, Pier Luigi AU - Meroni PL AD - IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Immunorheumatology Research Laboratory, Milan, Italy. FAU - Notarbartolo, Samuele AU - Notarbartolo S AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy. FAU - Geginat, Jens AU - Geginat J AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Gori, Andrea AU - Gori A AD - Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milano, Milan 20122, Italy; Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale "Luigi Sacco", Milan, Italy. FAU - Bandera, Alessandra AU - Bandera A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milano, Milan 20122, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy. FAU - Abrignani, Sergio AU - Abrignani S AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Grifantini, Renata AU - Grifantini R AD - INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; CheckmAb Srl, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: grifantini@ingm.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240228 PL - United States TA - Clin Immunol JT - Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) JID - 100883537 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Pandemics MH - *Vaccines MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - Single-cell multimodal longitudinal analysis OT - T and B cell memory to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination COIS- Declaration of competing interest Author Renata Grifantini is currently employed by CheckmAb Srl. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/02/29 00:43 MHDA- 2024/03/18 06:43 CRDT- 2024/02/28 19:19 PHST- 2023/10/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/18 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/29 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/28 19:19 [entrez] AID - S1521-6616(24)00055-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110164 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Immunol. 2024 Apr;261:110164. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110164. Epub 2024 Feb 28. PMID- 38400146 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240227 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Feb 5 TI - The Impact of Clinical Factors and SARS-CoV-2 Variants on Antibody Production in Vaccinated German Healthcare Professionals Infected Either with the Delta or the Omicron Variant. LID - 10.3390/vaccines12020163 [doi] LID - 163 AB - BACKGROUND: The aim of the rapid introduction of vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic was a reduction in SARS-CoV-2 transmission and a less frequent occurrence of severe COVID-19 courses. Thus, we evaluated COVID-19 severity in vaccinated individuals to examine variant-specific symptom characteristics and their clinical impact on the serological immune response. METHODS: A total of 185 individuals previously vaccinated against and infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) or Omicron (BA.4 and BA.5) variant, were enrolled for anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-N- and anti-RBD/S1-Ig level detection. A structured survey regarding medical history was conducted. RESULTS: In 99.5 percent of cases, outpatient treatment was satisfactory. Specific symptoms associated with variants included ageusia and anosmia in patients with Delta infections and throat pain in Omicron infections. Among Delta-infected individuals with specific symptoms, significantly higher levels of anti-N antibodies were observed. CONCLUSION: Our study identified variant-specific differences in the amount of SARS-CoV-2 antibody production and COVID-19 symptoms. Despite this, vaccinated individuals with Omicron or Delta infections generally experienced mild disease courses. Additionally, asymptomatic individuals exhibit lower anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels, indicating a clinical correlation between disease-specific antibodies and distinct symptoms, particularly in the case of the Delta variant. In follow-up studies, exploring post-COVID syndrome and focusing on cognitive symptoms in the acute phase of Omicron infections is crucial as it has the potential to longitudinally impact the lives of those affected. FAU - Gerhards, Catharina AU - Gerhards C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7197-9242 AD - Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Steingass, Marlene AU - Steingass M AD - Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Heininger, Alexandra AU - Heininger A AD - Department of Hygiene, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Lange, Bettina AU - Lange B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3454-2081 AD - Department of Hygiene, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Hetjens, Michael AU - Hetjens M AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Wurttemberg, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg of University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Gerigk, Marlis AU - Gerigk M AD - Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Neumaier, Michael AU - Neumaier M AD - Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Evliyaoglu, Osman AU - Evliyaoglu O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5780-9068 AD - Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. FAU - Kittel, Maximilian AU - Kittel M AD - Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240205 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC10893335 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 after vaccination OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - anti-N abs OT - anti-S1/RBS OT - anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies OT - serological immune response OT - vaccination breakthrough COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/02/24 11:45 MHDA- 2024/02/24 11:46 PMCR- 2024/02/05 CRDT- 2024/02/24 01:23 PHST- 2023/12/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/24 11:46 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/24 11:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/24 01:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines12020163 [pii] AID - vaccines-12-00163 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines12020163 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Feb 5;12(2):163. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12020163. PMID- 38399677 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240227 IS - 2076-2607 (Print) IS - 2076-2607 (Electronic) IS - 2076-2607 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Jan 27 TI - Dermatologic Changes in Experimental Model of Long COVID. LID - 10.3390/microorganisms12020272 [doi] LID - 272 AB - The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, declared in early 2020, has left an indelible mark on global health, with over 7.0 million deaths and persistent challenges. While the pharmaceutical industry raced to develop vaccines, the emergence of mutant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains continues to pose a significant threat. Beyond the immediate concerns, the long-term health repercussions of COVID-19 survivors are garnering attention, particularly due to documented cases of cardiovascular issues, liver dysfunction, pulmonary complications, kidney impairments, and notable neurocognitive deficits. Recent studies have delved into the pathophysiological changes in various organs following post-acute infection with murine hepatitis virus-1 (MHV-1), a coronavirus, in mice. One aspect that stands out is the impact on the skin, a previously underexplored facet of long-term COVID-19 effects. The research reveals significant cutaneous findings during both the acute and long-term phases post-MHV-1 infection, mirroring certain alterations observed in humans post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the acute stages, mice exhibited destruction of the epidermal layer, increased hair follicles, extensive collagen deposition in the dermal layer, and hyperplasticity of sebaceous glands. Moreover, the thinning of the panniculus carnosus and adventitial layer was noted, consistent with human studies. A long-term investigation revealed the absence of hair follicles, destruction of adipose tissues, and further damage to the epidermal layer. Remarkably, treatment with a synthetic peptide, SPIKENET (SPK), designed to prevent Spike glycoprotein-1 binding with host receptors and elicit a potent anti-inflammatory response, showed protection against MHV-1 infection. Precisely, SPK treatment restored hair follicle loss in MHV-1 infection, re-architected the epidermal and dermal layers, and successfully overhauled fatty tissue destruction. These promising findings underscore the potential of SPK as a therapeutic intervention to prevent long-term skin alterations initiated by SARS-CoV-2, providing a glimmer of hope in the battle against the lingering effects of the pandemic. FAU - Hussain, Hussain AU - Hussain H AD - Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL 33143, USA. FAU - Paidas, Michael J AU - Paidas MJ AD - Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. FAU - Rajalakshmi, Ramamoorthy AU - Rajalakshmi R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6992-0612 AD - Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. FAU - Fadel, Aya AU - Fadel A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Ocean University Medical Center-Hackensack Meridian Health, Brick Township, NJ 08724, USA. FAU - Ali, Misha AU - Ali M AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. FAU - Chen, Pingping AU - Chen P AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. FAU - Jayakumar, Arumugam R AU - Jayakumar AR AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2115-7860 AD - Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. LA - eng GR - n/a/University of Miami Health System/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240127 PL - Switzerland TA - Microorganisms JT - Microorganisms JID - 101625893 PMC - PMC10892887 OTO - NOTNLM OT - dermatologic manifestation OT - fibrosis OT - inflammation OT - long COVID OT - murine hepatitis virus-1 COIS- Paidas is a Scientific Advisory Board Member of BioIncept, LLC with stock options. The other authors have no conflicts of interest or competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2024/02/24 11:45 MHDA- 2024/02/24 11:46 PMCR- 2024/01/27 CRDT- 2024/02/24 01:20 PHST- 2023/12/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/24 11:46 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/24 11:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/24 01:20 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - microorganisms12020272 [pii] AID - microorganisms-12-00272 [pii] AID - 10.3390/microorganisms12020272 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Microorganisms. 2024 Jan 27;12(2):272. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12020272. PMID- 38390078 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240224 IS - 2405-8440 (Print) IS - 2405-8440 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8440 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Feb 29 TI - Country of origin effects in explaining motivations for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance: A cognitive-affective-norm approach. PG - e25901 LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25901 [doi] LID - e25901 AB - This study aims to broaden the understanding of the motivational factors influencing vaccine acceptance framed as product country image (PCI) by exploring the role of overall country image (OCI), vaccine knowledge and information inconsistency, in addition to the three most commonly investigated constructs: vaccine efficacy, fear of vaccine and social norm. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed online to 593 Vietnamese participants to collect data on COVID-19 vaccines from four different countries: the USA, the UK, Russia and China. Structural equation modelling was employed to test the proposed model and hypotheses. The results indicated that OCI had a positive effect on vaccine acceptance for vaccines from the USA and Russia, but a non-significant effect for vaccines from the UK and a negative effect for vaccines from China. Vaccine efficacy, social norm and subjective knowledge had a positive effect for most vaccines, while fear of the vaccine and information inconsistency had negative effects for certain vaccines. The results suggest that vaccine efficacy and social norm are more stable and significant predictors of vaccine acceptance than other constructs. Moreover, OCI moderated the effects of vaccine efficacy, fear of the vaccine, information inconsistency, subjective knowledge and social norm on vaccine acceptance for certain vaccines. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. FAU - Olsen, Svein Ottar AU - Olsen SO AD - School of Business and Economics, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. FAU - Tuu, Ho Huy AU - Tuu HH AD - Economics Faculty, Nha Trang University, 02 Nguyen Dinh Chieu, Nha Trang, Viet Nam. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240211 PL - England TA - Heliyon JT - Heliyon JID - 101672560 PMC - PMC10881345 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attitude theory OT - COVID-19 OT - Country of origin OT - Vaccine acceptance OT - Vietnam COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/02/23 06:42 MHDA- 2024/02/23 06:43 PMCR- 2024/02/11 CRDT- 2024/02/23 03:52 PHST- 2023/07/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/23 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/23 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/23 03:52 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-8440(24)01932-7 [pii] AID - e25901 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25901 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Heliyon. 2024 Feb 11;10(4):e25901. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25901. eCollection 2024 Feb 29. PMID- 38382013 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240223 LR - 20260611 IS - 1526-632X (Electronic) IS - 0028-3878 (Linking) VI - 102 IP - 5 DP - 2024 Mar 12 TI - SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Risk of Postacute Psychiatric and Neurologic Diagnoses: A Nationwide Danish Cohort Study. PG - e208113 LID - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000208113 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The extent and burden of postacute psychiatric and neurologic manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are not yet fully understood. To evaluate the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and postacute manifestations of psychiatric and neurologic disorders, we conducted a nationwide cohort study including the entire Danish population aged 12 years or older on March 1, 2020. METHODS: Individuals were followed up for SARS-CoV-2 infection and diagnosis of subsequent psychiatric and neurologic disorders from March 1, 2020, to January 31, 2023, using the Danish nationwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) test surveillance database and the Danish National Patient Registry. The main period of interest was 1-12 months after infection. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of new onset of 11 psychiatric and 30 neurologic disorders were calculated by comparing incidence rates of disorders between SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals and individuals without a positive test (nonpositive individuals). Stratified analyses were conducted according to COVID-19 vaccination status, variant period, age, sex, and severity of infection. RESULTS: Overall, 1,775,639 individuals in the study cohort (n = 3,239,008) were tested SARS-CoV-2 positive during follow-up. SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals compared with nonpositive individuals were at 24% reduced risk of any psychiatric disease (IRR 0.76, 95% CI 0.74-0.78) in the postacute period. The risk of any neurologic disorder was slightly higher among SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals than among those without a positive test (IRR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.07). IRRs for specific disorders varied considerably from a 3.9-fold increased risk of change in sense of smell or taste (IRR 3.91, 95% CI 2.77-5.53) to a 29% reduced risk of dementia (IRR 0.71, 95% CI 0.65-0.78). The severity of infection and vaccination status, more so than age, sex, and variant, were found to significantly influence the stratified IRRs. Compared with nonpositive individuals, hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were at a 2.1-fold (IRR 2.05, 95% CI 1.78-2.37) increased risk of psychiatric disorders and at a 2.4-fold increased risk of neurologic disorders (IRR 2.44, 95% CI 2.29-2.60). DISCUSSION: Our study does not support previous findings of substantial postacute neurologic and psychiatric morbidities among the general population of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, but does corroborate an elevated risk among the most severe cases with COVID-19. FAU - Nielsen, Nete M AU - Nielsen NM AD - From the Department of Epidemiology Research (N.M.N., L.S., J.V.H., A.H.), Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen; Focused Research Unit in Neurology (N.M.N.), Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, University of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa; Center for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research (P.V.), Mental Health Center Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Glostrup; Clinical Institute (P.V.), University of Copenhagen, and Pharmacovigilance Research Center (A.H.), Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Spiliopoulos, Lampros AU - Spiliopoulos L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9668-3587 AD - From the Department of Epidemiology Research (N.M.N., L.S., J.V.H., A.H.), Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen; Focused Research Unit in Neurology (N.M.N.), Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, University of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa; Center for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research (P.V.), Mental Health Center Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Glostrup; Clinical Institute (P.V.), University of Copenhagen, and Pharmacovigilance Research Center (A.H.), Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Hansen, Jorgen V AU - Hansen JV AD - From the Department of Epidemiology Research (N.M.N., L.S., J.V.H., A.H.), Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen; Focused Research Unit in Neurology (N.M.N.), Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, University of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa; Center for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research (P.V.), Mental Health Center Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Glostrup; Clinical Institute (P.V.), University of Copenhagen, and Pharmacovigilance Research Center (A.H.), Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Videbech, Poul AU - Videbech P AD - From the Department of Epidemiology Research (N.M.N., L.S., J.V.H., A.H.), Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen; Focused Research Unit in Neurology (N.M.N.), Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, University of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa; Center for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research (P.V.), Mental Health Center Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Glostrup; Clinical Institute (P.V.), University of Copenhagen, and Pharmacovigilance Research Center (A.H.), Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Hviid, Anders AU - Hviid A AD - From the Department of Epidemiology Research (N.M.N., L.S., J.V.H., A.H.), Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen; Focused Research Unit in Neurology (N.M.N.), Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, University of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa; Center for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research (P.V.), Mental Health Center Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Glostrup; Clinical Institute (P.V.), University of Copenhagen, and Pharmacovigilance Research Center (A.H.), Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240221 PL - United States TA - Neurology JT - Neurology JID - 0401060 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM CIN - Neurology. 2024 Mar 12;102(5):e209211. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000209211. PMID: 38381997 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Cohort Studies MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology MH - Denmark/epidemiology EDAT- 2024/02/21 18:43 MHDA- 2024/02/23 06:42 CRDT- 2024/02/21 16:13 PHST- 2024/02/23 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/21 18:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/21 16:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000208113 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurology. 2024 Mar 12;102(5):e208113. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000208113. Epub 2024 Feb 21. PMID- 38359587 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240318 LR - 20260422 IS - 1879-1646 (Electronic) IS - 0167-6296 (Linking) VI - 94 DP - 2024 Mar TI - The causal effect of a health treatment on beliefs, stated preferences and memories. PG - 102864 LID - S0167-6296(24)00009-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2024.102864 [doi] AB - The paper estimates the causal effect of a health treatment on patients' beliefs, preferences and memories about the treatment. It exploits a natural experiment which occurred in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. UK residents could choose to opt into the vaccination program, but not which vaccine they received. The assignment to a vaccine offered little objective information for learning about its qualities, but triggered strong psychological demand for reassuring beliefs. We surveyed a sample of UK residents about their beliefs on the different COVID-19 vaccines before and after receiving their jab. Before vaccination, individuals exhibit similar prior beliefs and stated preferences about the different vaccines. After vaccination, however, they update their beliefs overly optimistically about the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine they received, state that they would have chosen it if they could, and have distorted memories about their past beliefs. These results cannot be explained by conventional experience effects. At the aggregated level, they show that random assignment to a health treatment predicts a polarization of opinions about its quality. At the individual level, these findings provide evidence in line with the predictions of motivated beliefs and over-inference from weak signals in a real-world health setting. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Prati, Alberto AU - Prati A AD - University College London, United Kingdom; University of Oxford, United Kingdom; London School of Economics, United Kingdom. Electronic address: a.prati@ucl.ac.uk. FAU - Saucet, Charlotte AU - Saucet C AD - University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, France. Electronic address: charlotte.saucet@univ-paris1.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240206 PL - Netherlands TA - J Health Econ JT - Journal of health economics JID - 8410622 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Causality MH - *COVID-19 MH - Immunization Programs MH - Motivation MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavioral health economics OT - COVID-19 OT - Motivated beliefs OT - Motivated memory OT - Natural experiment OT - Over-inference COIS- Declaration of competing interest We do not have any conflict of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2024/02/16 00:42 MHDA- 2024/03/18 06:44 CRDT- 2024/02/15 18:07 PHST- 2023/09/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/18 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/16 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/15 18:07 [entrez] AID - S0167-6296(24)00009-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2024.102864 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Health Econ. 2024 Mar;94:102864. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2024.102864. Epub 2024 Feb 6. PMID- 38347305 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251202 LR - 20251205 IS - 1532-7558 (Electronic) IS - 1070-5503 (Print) IS - 1070-5503 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 5 DP - 2025 Oct TI - The Effect of Being Vaccinated and National Vaccination Rates on Individuals' Cognitions, Emotions, and Economic Expectations: Evidence from Israel. PG - 788-797 LID - 10.1007/s12529-024-10269-3 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Israel was the first nation to establish a vaccination program during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, its citizens could look to no other country to help them judge its influence. People's predictions of their safety should depend on whether they were vaccinated, whereas their predictions regarding the COVID-19 pandemic should be based on the degree of progress of the vaccination program. We expected people to understand that the program would improve their safety by reducing the number of infected people around them. METHOD: An original panel survey was conducted covering the pandemic's first year. Respondents reported their vaccination status, emotions, evaluations of their safety, and predictions about the spread of COVID-19 and the Israeli gross domestic product. RESULTS: Estimates of fixed-effects models using the survey data suggest that being vaccinated affected people's cognitions about their own safety and their emotions but not their expectations regarding the situation in Israel as a whole. In contrast, the vaccination rate in Israel affected only the respondents' expectations about the spread of COVID-19, their own income, and Israel's gross domestic product. CONCLUSIONS: Being vaccinated is important for people's personal emotional and cognitive relief during a pandemic. A high vaccination rate improves people's economic expectations, which is important to the recovery of economic activity. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Lahav, Eyal AU - Lahav E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7840-9506 AD - The Open University of Israel, University Road 1, Raanana, Israel. eyalla@openu.ac.il. FAU - Shahrabani, Shosh AU - Shahrabani S AD - Economics and Management Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Emek Yezreel, Israel. FAU - Rosenboim, Mosi AU - Rosenboim M AD - Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. FAU - Tsutsui, Yoshiro AU - Tsutsui Y AD - Kyoto Bunkyo University, Kyoto, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240212 PL - England TA - Int J Behav Med JT - International journal of behavioral medicine JID - 9421097 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Israel MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology MH - *Emotions MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *Vaccination/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Cognition MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice PMC - PMC12672598 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Emotions OT - Perceived risk OT - Prevention behavior OT - Vaccination COIS- Declarations. Informed Consent: Informed Consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Ethical Approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Research Involving Human Participants and/or Animals: Not applicable. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/02/13 00:42 MHDA- 2025/12/02 12:57 PMCR- 2024/02/12 CRDT- 2024/02/12 23:34 PHST- 2024/02/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/02 12:57 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/13 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/12 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s12529-024-10269-3 [pii] AID - 10269 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12529-024-10269-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Behav Med. 2025 Oct;32(5):788-797. doi: 10.1007/s12529-024-10269-3. Epub 2024 Feb 12. PMID- 38343613 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240213 IS - 2310-8819 (Electronic) IS - 2225-0719 (Print) IS - 2225-0719 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Feb 28 TI - Safety and Immunogenicity After Primary and Booster Inactivated SARS-Cov-2 Vaccination in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Diseases. PG - 162-171 LID - 10.14218/JCTH.2023.00049 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: SARS-CoV-2 vaccines-associated autoimmune liver diseases have been reported in several case reports. However, the safety and immunogenicity after primary and booster inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) is still unknown. METHODS: Eighty-four patients with AILD were prospectively followed up after the second dose (primary) of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Some of them received the third dose (booster) of inactivated vaccine. Adverse events (AEs), autoimmune activation, and liver inflammation exacerbation after primary and booster vaccination were recorded. Meanwhile, dynamics of antireceptor-binding-domain IgG (anti-RBD-IgG), neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and RBD-specific B cells responses were evaluated. RESULTS: The overall AEs in AILD patients after primary and booster vaccination were 26.2% and 13.3%, respectively. The decrease of C3 level and increase of immunoglobulin light chain kappa and lambda levels were observed in AILD patients after primary vaccination, however, liver inflammation was not exacerbated, even after booster vaccination. Both the seroprevalence and titers of anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs were decreased over time in AILD patients after primary vaccination. Notably, the antibody titers were significantly elevated after booster vaccination (10-fold in anti-RBD-IgG and 7.4-fold in NAbs, respectively), which was as high as in healthy controls. Unfortunately, the inferior antibody response was not enhanced after booster vaccination in patients with immunosuppressants. Changes of atypical memory B cells were inversely related to antibody levels, which indicate that the impaired immune memory was partially restored partly by the booster vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The well tolerability and enhanced humoral immune response of inactivated vaccine supports an additional booster vaccination in AILD patients without immunosuppressants. CI - (c) 2024 Authors. FAU - Chen, Zhiwei AU - Chen Z AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Wang, Yuting AU - Wang Y AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - He, Taiyu AU - He T AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Hu AU - Li H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ao, Ling AU - Ao L AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Pan, Qingbo AU - Pan Q AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhou, Yingzhi AU - Zhou Y AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhu, Qian AU - Zhu Q AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Xiang, Dejuan AU - Xiang D AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Gaoli AU - Zhang G AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ling, Ning AU - Ling N AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Min AU - Chen M AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Hu, Peng AU - Hu P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Peng, Mingli AU - Peng M AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Cai, Dachuan AU - Cai D AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Dazhi AU - Zhang D AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ren, Hong AU - Ren H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4557-0918 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230906 PL - United States TA - J Clin Transl Hepatol JT - Journal of clinical and translational hepatology JID - 101649815 PMC - PMC10851071 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibody responses OT - Autoimmune liver disease OT - Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine OT - Memory B cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Safety COIS- HR has been an editor-in-chief of Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology since 2013, PH and DZ have been associate editors of Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology since 2013. The other authors have no conflict of interests related to this publication. EDAT- 2024/02/12 15:42 MHDA- 2024/02/12 15:43 PMCR- 2023/09/06 CRDT- 2024/02/12 04:07 PHST- 2023/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/12 15:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/12 15:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/12 04:07 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JCTH.2023.00049 [pii] AID - 10.14218/JCTH.2023.00049 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2024 Feb 28;12(2):162-171. doi: 10.14218/JCTH.2023.00049. Epub 2023 Sep 6. PMID- 38336649 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240214 LR - 20250704 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Feb 9 TI - Creation of a pandemic memory by tracing COVID-19 infections and immunity in Luxembourg (CON-VINCE). PG - 179 LID - 10.1186/s12879-024-09055-z [doi] LID - 179 AB - BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic swift implementation of research cohorts was key. While many studies focused exclusively on infected individuals, population based cohorts are essential for the follow-up of SARS-CoV-2 impact on public health. Here we present the CON-VINCE cohort, estimate the point and period prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, reflect on the spread within the Luxembourgish population, examine immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination, and ascertain the impact of the pandemic on population psychological wellbeing at a nationwide level. METHODS: A representative sample of the adult Luxembourgish population was enrolled. The cohort was followed-up for twelve months. SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR and serology were conducted at each sampling visit. The surveys included detailed epidemiological, clinical, socio-economic, and psychological data. RESULTS: One thousand eight hundred sixty-five individuals were followed over seven visits (April 2020-June 2021) with the final weighted period prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection of 15%. The participants had similar risks of being infected regardless of their gender, age, employment status and education level. Vaccination increased the chances of IgG-S positivity in infected individuals. Depression, anxiety, loneliness and stress levels increased at a point of study when there were strict containment measures, returning to baseline afterwards. CONCLUSION: The data collected in CON-VINCE study allowed obtaining insights into the infection spread in Luxembourg, immunity build-up and the impact of the pandemic on psychological wellbeing of the population. Moreover, the study holds great translational potential, as samples stored at the biobank, together with self-reported questionnaire information, can be exploited in further research. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration number: NCT04379297, 10 April 2020. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Tsurkalenko, Olena AU - Tsurkalenko O AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. olena.tsurkalenko@lih.lu. FAU - Bulaev, Dmitry AU - Bulaev D AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - O'Sullivan, Marc Paul AU - O'Sullivan MP AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Snoeck, Chantal AU - Snoeck C AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Ghosh, Soumyabrata AU - Ghosh S AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Kolodkin, Alexey AU - Kolodkin A AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Rommes, Basile AU - Rommes B AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Gawron, Piotr AU - Gawron P AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Rauschenberger, Armin AU - Rauschenberger A AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Moreno, Carlos Vega AU - Moreno CV AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Gomes, Clarissa P C AU - Gomes CPC AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Kaysen, Anne AU - Kaysen A AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Ohnmacht, Jochen AU - Ohnmacht J AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Schroder, Valerie E AU - Schroder VE AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. AD - Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. FAU - Pavelka, Lukas AU - Pavelka L AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. AD - Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. FAU - Meyers, Guilherme Ramos AU - Meyers GR AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Pauly, Laure AU - Pauly L AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Pauly, Claire AU - Pauly C AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. AD - Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. FAU - Hanff, Anne-Marie AU - Hanff AM AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. AD - Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Meyrath, Max AU - Meyrath M AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Leist, Anja AU - Leist A AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Sandt, Estelle AU - Sandt E AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Aguayo, Gloria A AU - Aguayo GA AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Perquin, Magali AU - Perquin M AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Gantenbein, Manon AU - Gantenbein M AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Abdelrahman, Tamir AU - Abdelrahman T AD - Laboratoire National de Sante, Dudelange, Luxembourg. FAU - Klucken, Jochen AU - Klucken J AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Satagopam, Venkata AU - Satagopam V AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. FAU - Hilger, Christiane AU - Hilger C AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Turner, Jonathan AU - Turner J AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Vaillant, Michel AU - Vaillant M AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Fritz, Joelle V AU - Fritz JV AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Ollert, Markus AU - Ollert M AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. FAU - Kruger, Rejko AU - Kruger R AD - Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg. AD - University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg. AD - Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. CN - CON-VINCE consortium and the ORCHESTRA working group LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04379297 GR - 14716281/ CONVINCE/ Kruger/Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg/ GR - 14716281/ CONVINCE/ Kruger/Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg/ GR - 101016167/Horizon 2020/ GR - 101016167/Horizon 2020/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240209 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM EIN - BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 3;25(1):892. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11160-6. PMID: 40610940 MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Pandemics MH - Luxembourg/epidemiology MH - Anxiety/epidemiology PMC - PMC10858600 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Coronavirus (COVID-19) OT - Prevalence OT - Prospective cohort study OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. FIR - Acharya, Geeta IR - Acharya G FIR - Alper, Pinar IR - Alper P FIR - Ammerlaan, Wim IR - Ammerlaan W FIR - Ancien, Francois IR - Ancien F FIR - Assele-Kama, Ariane IR - Assele-Kama A FIR - Bahlawane, Christelle IR - Bahlawane C FIR - Beaumont, Katy IR - Beaumont K FIR - Beaupain, Nadia IR - Beaupain N FIR - Beckers, Lucrece IR - Beckers L FIR - Bellora, Camille IR - Bellora C FIR - Betsou, Fay IR - Betsou F FIR - Biver, Luc IR - Biver L FIR - Boly, Sandie IR - Boly S FIR - Brenner, Dirk IR - Brenner D FIR - Cauchie, Henry-Michel IR - Cauchie HM FIR - Charalambous, Eleftheria IR - Charalambous E FIR - Charpentier, Emilie IR - Charpentier E FIR - Coibion, Estelle IR - Coibion E FIR - Coito, Sylvie IR - Coito S FIR - Collart, Delphine IR - Collart D FIR - Counson, Manuel IR - Counson M FIR - De Witt, Brian IR - De Witt B FIR - Di Pasquale, Antonelle IR - Di Pasquale A FIR - Domingues, Olivia IR - Domingues O FIR - Dording, Claire IR - Dording C FIR - Dourson, Jean-Luc IR - Dourson JL FIR - Dragomir, Bianca IR - Dragomir B FIR - Fautsch, Tessy IR - Fautsch T FIR - Ferrand, Jean-Yves IR - Ferrand JY FIR - Ferrandon, Thibault IR - Ferrandon T FIR - Lopes, Ana Festas IR - Lopes AF FIR - Fournier, Guillaume IR - Fournier G FIR - Georges, Laura IR - Georges L FIR - Gidenne, Stephane IR - Gidenne S FIR - Glaab, Enrico IR - Glaab E FIR - Ramos, Borja Gomez IR - Ramos BG FIR - Gorgogietas, Vyron IR - Gorgogietas V FIR - Graas, Jerome IR - Graas J FIR - Groues, Valentin IR - Groues V FIR - Gu, Wei IR - Gu W FIR - Hamot, Gael IR - Hamot G FIR - Hansen, Maxime IR - Hansen M FIR - Hansen, Linda IR - Hansen L FIR - Hefele, Lisa IR - Hefele L FIR - Heirendt, Laurent IR - Heirendt L FIR - Hemedan, Ahmed IR - Hemedan A FIR - Henry, Estelle IR - Henry E FIR - Henry, Margaux IR - Henry M FIR - Herkenne, Eve IR - Herkenne E FIR - Herzinger, Sascha IR - Herzinger S FIR - Huiart, Laetitia IR - Huiart L FIR - Hundt, Alexander IR - Hundt A FIR - Hubschen, Judith IR - Hubschen J FIR - Iserentant, Gilles IR - Iserentant G FIR - Jagi, Philipp IR - Jagi P FIR - Khurmin, Piyapong IR - Khurmin P FIR - Klein, Federic IR - Klein F FIR - Klein, Tommy IR - Klein T FIR - Kler, Stephanie IR - Kler S FIR - Lambert, Pauline IR - Lambert P FIR - Lebioda, Jacek Jaroslaw IR - Lebioda JJ FIR - Lehmann, Sabine IR - Lehmann S FIR - Leick, Marie IR - Leick M FIR - Lemaire, Morgane IR - Lemaire M FIR - Lumley, Andrew IR - Lumley A FIR - Lutz, Annika IR - Lutz A FIR - Loureiro, Joao Manuel IR - Loureiro JM FIR - Marchese, Monica IR - Marchese M FIR - Marques, Taina IR - Marques T FIR - Massart, Francois IR - Massart F FIR - May, Patrick IR - May P FIR - Minelli, Maura IR - Minelli M FIR - Mousel, Alessandra IR - Mousel A FIR - Munsch, Maeva IR - Munsch M FIR - Meriaux, Sophie IR - Meriaux S FIR - Muhlschlegel, Friedrich IR - Muhlschlegel F FIR - Neumann, Mareike IR - Neumann M FIR - Nguyen, Trang IR - Nguyen T FIR - Nicolai, Beatrice IR - Nicolai B FIR - Ogorzaly, Leslie IR - Ogorzaly L FIR - Olesky, Christiane IR - Olesky C FIR - Penny, Christian IR - Penny C FIR - Pexaras, Achilleas IR - Pexaras A FIR - di Pinto, Palma IR - di Pinto P FIR - Pirard, Marie France IR - Pirard MF FIR - Plesseria, Jean-Marc IR - Plesseria JM FIR - Rauschenberger, Armin IR - Rauschenberger A FIR - Remark, Lucie IR - Remark L FIR - Rodriguez, Antonio IR - Rodriguez A FIR - Rump, Kirsten IR - Rump K FIR - Santos, Bruno IR - Santos B FIR - Sausy, Aurelie IR - Sausy A FIR - Schmitt, Margaux IR - Schmitt M FIR - Schmitt, Christiane IR - Schmitt C FIR - Schneider, Reinhard IR - Schneider R FIR - Schumacher, Serge IR - Schumacher S FIR - Schweicher, Alexandra IR - Schweicher A FIR - Seal, Sneeha IR - Seal S FIR - Servais, Jean-Yves IR - Servais JY FIR - Simon, Florian IR - Simon F FIR - Skrozic, Amna IR - Skrozic A FIR - Sokolowska, Kate IR - Sokolowska K FIR - Stute, Lara IR - Stute L FIR - Thien, Hermann IR - Thien H FIR - Toll, Stephane IR - Toll S FIR - Toukourou, Noua IR - Toukourou N FIR - Trefois, Christophe IR - Trefois C FIR - Trouet, Johanna IR - Trouet J FIR - Trung, Nguyen IR - Trung N FIR - Esteves, Daniela Valoura IR - Esteves DV FIR - Verschueren, Charlene IR - Verschueren C FIR - Vyas, Maharshi IR - Vyas M FIR - Vogele, Claus IR - Vogele C FIR - Walczak, Cecile IR - Walczak C FIR - Wang, Xinhui IR - Wang X FIR - Wauters, Femke IR - Wauters F FIR - Weber, Bernard IR - Weber B FIR - Weibel, Emilie IR - Weibel E FIR - Zamboni, Tania IR - Zamboni T EDAT- 2024/02/10 13:18 MHDA- 2024/02/11 16:42 PMCR- 2024/02/09 CRDT- 2024/02/09 23:33 PHST- 2023/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/11 16:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/10 13:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/09 23:33 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-024-09055-z [pii] AID - 9055 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-024-09055-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Feb 9;24(1):179. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09055-z. PMID- 38327486 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240211 IS - 2821-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2821-1723 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Apr TI - COVID-19 vaccine-hesitancy is associated with lower cortical volume in elderly individuals. PG - 35-41 LID - 10.52547/nl.2.1.35 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: According to a large number of scientific reports, the main problem is COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy which slowed down the vaccination program. Previous studies revealed that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is associated with lower cognitive performance. However, the neurobiology of such behavior is less known, and investigating the brain structural patterns in this regard can extend our knowledge on the basis of this behavior. This study aimed to investigate the link between brain structural features including cortical and subcortical volume with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in elderly individuals. METHODS: A total of 221 healthy subjects without any cognitive impairment with a mean age of 63.7 +/- 6.1 were obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Overall, 87 vaccine-hesitant (VH) and 134 vaccine-accepted (VA) were entered into this study. The difference in the volume of cortical and subcortical regions was investigated between VH and VA groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in cognitive status measured by MMSE, MoCA, ADAS-cog, and RAVLT between VA and VH groups (P>0.05). The analysis showed that VA subjects had significantly higher left pars orbitalis (P: 0.013), left precentral (P: 0.042), right caudal anterior cingulate (P: 0.044), and right isthmus cingulate (P: 0.013) volume compared to the VH group. There was no significant difference in other cortical and subcortical regions. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this finding demonstrated that in the era of complicated decision-making due to social media reports, elderly adults with smaller frontal and cingulate regions are more likely to be vaccine-hesitant. These findings can highlight the link between cortical regions and health-protective behaviors such as taking up the offer of vaccination. FAU - Nabizadeh, Fardin AU - Nabizadeh F AD - Neuroscience Research Group (NRG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. AD - School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. CN - Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) LA - eng GR - P30 AG010129/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AG024904/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220415 PL - Iran TA - Neurol Lett JT - Neurology letters JID - 9918752185506676 PMC - PMC10847881 MID - NIHMS1962532 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - brain OT - cingulate OT - cognition OT - hesitancy OT - vaccine COIS- Conflict of interest The author declares no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper. EDAT- 2024/02/08 06:42 MHDA- 2024/02/08 06:43 PMCR- 2024/02/07 CRDT- 2024/02/08 04:05 PHST- 2024/02/08 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/08 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/08 04:05 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.52547/nl.2.1.35 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Lett. 2023 Apr;2(1):35-41. doi: 10.52547/nl.2.1.35. Epub 2022 Apr 15. PMID- 38327277 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240210 IS - 2667-193X (Electronic) IS - 2667-193X (Linking) VI - 30 DP - 2024 Feb TI - Prevalence and determinants of post-acute sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID) among adults in Mexico during 2022: a retrospective analysis of nationally representative data. PG - 100688 LID - 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100688 [doi] LID - 100688 AB - BACKGROUND: Post-acute sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) remains a concerning long-term complication of COVID-19. Here, we aimed to characterize the epidemiology of PASC in Mexico during 2022 and identify potential associations of covariates with PASC prevalence using nationally representative data. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2022 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) from 24,434 participants, representing 85,521,661 adults >/=20 years. PASC was defined using both the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) definition and a PASC score >/=12. Estimates of PASC prevalence were stratified by age, sex, rural vs. urban setting, social lag quartiles, number of reinfections, vaccination status and periods of predominance of SARS-CoV-2 circulating variants. Determinants of PASC were assessed using log-binomial regression models adjusted by survey weights. FINDINGS: Persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported by 12.44% (95% CI 11.89-12.99) of adults >/=20 years in Mexico in 2022. The most common persistent symptoms were fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, headache, cough, loss of smell or taste, fever, post-exertional malaise, brain fog, anxiety, and chest pain. PASC was present in 21.21% (95% CI 19.74-22.68) of subjects with previously diagnosed COVID-19. Over 28.6% of patients with PASC reported symptoms persistence >/=6 months and 14.05% reported incapacitating symptoms. Higher PASC prevalence was associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfections, depressive symptoms and living in states with high social lag. PASC prevalence, particularly its more severe forms, decreased with COVID-19 vaccination and for infections during periods of Omicron variant predominance. INTERPRETATION: PASC remains a significant public health burden in Mexico as the COVID-19 pandemic transitions into endemic. Promoting SARS-CoV-2 reinfection prevention and booster vaccination may be useful in reducing PASC burden. FUNDING: This research was supported by Instituto Nacional de Geriatria in Mexico. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). FAU - Bello-Chavolla, Omar Yaxmehen AU - Bello-Chavolla OY AD - Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatria, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Fermin-Martinez, Carlos A AU - Fermin-Martinez CA AD - Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatria, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - MD/PhD (PECEM) Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Ramirez-Garcia, Daniel AU - Ramirez-Garcia D AD - Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatria, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Vargas-Vazquez, Arsenio AU - Vargas-Vazquez A AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Fernandez-Chirino, Luisa AU - Fernandez-Chirino L AD - Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatria, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Basile-Alvarez, Martin Roberto AU - Basile-Alvarez MR AD - Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatria, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Sanchez-Castro, Paulina AU - Sanchez-Castro P AD - Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatria, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Nunez-Luna, Alejandra AU - Nunez-Luna A AD - Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatria, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Antonio-Villa, Neftali Eduardo AU - Antonio-Villa NE AD - Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240203 PL - England TA - Lancet Reg Health Am JT - Lancet regional health. Americas JID - 9918232503006676 PMC - PMC10847769 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Long COVID OT - Mexico OT - PASC OT - Sequelae COIS- Nothing to disclose. EDAT- 2024/02/08 06:42 MHDA- 2024/02/08 06:43 PMCR- 2024/02/03 CRDT- 2024/02/08 04:03 PHST- 2023/07/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/08 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/08 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/08 04:03 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2667-193X(24)00015-2 [pii] AID - 100688 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100688 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Lancet Reg Health Am. 2024 Feb 3;30:100688. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100688. eCollection 2024 Feb. PMID- 38315620 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240319 LR - 20250127 IS - 2369-2960 (Electronic) IS - 2369-2960 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2024 Mar 18 TI - Predicting COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Using a Small and Interpretable Set of Judgment and Demographic Variables: Cross-Sectional Cognitive Science Study. PG - e47979 LID - 10.2196/47979 [doi] LID - e47979 AB - BACKGROUND: Despite COVID-19 vaccine mandates, many chose to forgo vaccination, raising questions about the psychology underlying how judgment affects these choices. Research shows that reward and aversion judgments are important for vaccination choice; however, no studies have integrated such cognitive science with machine learning to predict COVID-19 vaccine uptake. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the predictive power of a small but interpretable set of judgment variables using 3 machine learning algorithms to predict COVID-19 vaccine uptake and interpret what profile of judgment variables was important for prediction. METHODS: We surveyed 3476 adults across the United States in December 2021. Participants answered demographic, COVID-19 vaccine uptake (ie, whether participants were fully vaccinated), and COVID-19 precaution questions. Participants also completed a picture-rating task using images from the International Affective Picture System. Images were rated on a Likert-type scale to calibrate the degree of liking and disliking. Ratings were computationally modeled using relative preference theory to produce a set of graphs for each participant (minimum R(2)>0.8). In total, 15 judgment features were extracted from these graphs, 2 being analogous to risk and loss aversion from behavioral economics. These judgment variables, along with demographics, were compared between those who were fully vaccinated and those who were not. In total, 3 machine learning approaches (random forest, balanced random forest [BRF], and logistic regression) were used to test how well judgment, demographic, and COVID-19 precaution variables predicted vaccine uptake. Mediation and moderation were implemented to assess statistical mechanisms underlying successful prediction. RESULTS: Age, income, marital status, employment status, ethnicity, educational level, and sex differed by vaccine uptake (Wilcoxon rank sum and chi-square P<.001). Most judgment variables also differed by vaccine uptake (Wilcoxon rank sum P<.05). A similar area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was achieved by the 3 machine learning frameworks, although random forest and logistic regression produced specificities between 30% and 38% (vs 74.2% for BRF), indicating a lower performance in predicting unvaccinated participants. BRF achieved high precision (87.8%) and AUROC (79%) with moderate to high accuracy (70.8%) and balanced recall (69.6%) and specificity (74.2%). It should be noted that, for BRF, the negative predictive value was <50% despite good specificity. For BRF and random forest, 63% to 75% of the feature importance came from the 15 judgment variables. Furthermore, age, income, and educational level mediated relationships between judgment variables and vaccine uptake. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate the underlying importance of judgment variables for vaccine choice and uptake, suggesting that vaccine education and messaging might target varying judgment profiles to improve uptake. These methods could also be used to aid vaccine rollouts and health care preparedness by providing location-specific details (eg, identifying areas that may experience low vaccination and high hospitalization). CI - (c)Nicole L Vike, Sumra Bari, Leandros Stefanopoulos, Shamal Lalvani, Byoung Woo Kim, Nicos Maglaveras, Martin Block, Hans C Breiter, Aggelos K Katsaggelos. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 18.03.2024. FAU - Vike, Nicole L AU - Vike NL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8617-2377 AD - Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States. FAU - Bari, Sumra AU - Bari S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2406-2463 AD - Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States. FAU - Stefanopoulos, Leandros AU - Stefanopoulos L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2682-5639 AD - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States. AD - School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Lalvani, Shamal AU - Lalvani S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2677-8019 AD - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States. FAU - Kim, Byoung Woo AU - Kim BW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7612-4833 AD - Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States. FAU - Maglaveras, Nicos AU - Maglaveras N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4919-0664 AD - School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Block, Martin AU - Block M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-8601-1372 AD - Integrated Marketing Communications, Medill School, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States. FAU - Breiter, Hans C AU - Breiter HC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4385-2778 AD - Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Katsaggelos, Aggelos K AU - Katsaggelos AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4554-0070 AD - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States. AD - Department of Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States. AD - Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20240318 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Public Health Surveill JT - JMIR public health and surveillance JID - 101669345 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Judgment MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Vaccination MH - Cognitive Science MH - Ethnicity PMC - PMC10953811 OTO - NOTNLM OT - aversion OT - balanced random forest OT - behavioral economics OT - cognitive science OT - judgment OT - machine learning OT - mediation OT - mobile phone OT - moderation OT - relative preference theory OT - reward OT - smartphone COIS- Conflicts of Interest: A provisional patent has been submitted by the following authors (NLV, SB, HCB, SL, LS, and AKK): "Methods of predicting vaccine uptake," provisional application # 63/449,460. EDAT- 2024/02/05 14:45 MHDA- 2024/03/19 06:43 PMCR- 2024/03/18 CRDT- 2024/02/05 12:53 PHST- 2023/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/19 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/05 14:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/05 12:53 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i1e47979 [pii] AID - 10.2196/47979 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2024 Mar 18;10:e47979. doi: 10.2196/47979. PMID- 38313024 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240206 LR - 20260918 IS - 2167-8359 (Electronic) IS - 2167-8359 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2024 TI - Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes. PG - e16669 LID - 10.7717/peerj.16669 [doi] LID - e16669 AB - This study evaluated clinical features of individuals with long COVID (5-8 months after diagnosis) who reported sleep and memory problems (62 cases) compared to those without (52 controls). Both groups had a similar mean age (41 vs. 39 years). Around 86% of the participants were non-hospitalized at the time of infection, and none of them were vaccinated at that point. Subsequently, both cases and controls received the vaccine; however, the vaccination rates differed significantly between the groups (30.7% vs. 51.0%). Cases and controls had similar rates of symptoms at acute COVID phase. However, cases were more likely to experience coryza, dyspnea, headache, and nausea/vomiting during long COVID. Regarding new-onset symptoms in long COVID, 12.9% of cases had dyspnea, and 14.5% experienced nausea/vomiting, whereas in the control group there were only 1.9% and 0.0%, respectively. Cases also had a significantly higher prevalence of persistent headache (22.6% vs. 7.7%), and dyspnea (12.9% vs. 0.0). In addition, cases also showed an increased rate of mental health complaints: disability in daily activities (45.2% vs. 9.6%; P < 0.001); concentration/sustained attention difficulties (74.2% vs. 9.6%; P < 0.001); anxiety-Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale (GAD-2) >/= 3 (66.1% vs. 34.6%; P = 0.0013); and "post-COVID sadness" (82.3% vs. 40.4%; P < 0.001). We observed a significant correlation between sadness and anxiety in cases, which was not observed in controls (P=0.0212; Spearman correlation test). Furthermore, the frequency of concomitant sadness and anxiety was markedly higher in cases compared to controls (59.7% vs. 19.2%) (P < 0.0001; Mann-Whitney test). These findings highlight a noteworthy association between sadness and anxiety specifically in cases. In conclusion, our data identified concurrent psychological phenotypes in individuals experiencing sleep and memory disturbances during long COVID. This strengthens the existing evidence that SARS-CoV-2 causes widespread brain pathology with interconnected phenotypic clusters. This finding highlights the need for comprehensive medical attention to address these complex issues, as well as major investments in testing strategies capable of preventing the development of long COVID sequelae, such as vaccination. CI - (c)2024 Titze-de-Almeida et al. FAU - Titze-de-Almeida, Ricardo AU - Titze-de-Almeida R AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. AD - University of Brasilia/FAV, Central Institute of Sciences, Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Araujo Lacerda, Pedro Henrique AU - Araujo Lacerda PH AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira, Edson Pereira AU - de Oliveira EP AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira, Mariah Eduarda Ferreira AU - de Oliveira MEF AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Vianna, Yngrid Sallaberry Silva AU - Vianna YSS AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Costa, Amanda Machado AU - Costa AM AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Pereira Dos Santos, Eloisa AU - Pereira Dos Santos E AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Guerard, Louise Marie Coelho AU - Guerard LMC AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Ferreira, Matheus Augusto de Miranda AU - Ferreira MAM AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Rodrigues Dos Santos, Isabel Cristina AU - Rodrigues Dos Santos IC AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Goncalves, Jessica Daniele da Silva AU - Goncalves JDDS AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Ginani Ferreira, Gabriel AU - Ginani Ferreira G AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. AD - University of Brasilia/FAV, Central Institute of Sciences, Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Souza Titze-de-Almeida, Simoneide AU - Souza Titze-de-Almeida S AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. AD - University of Brasilia/FAV, Central Institute of Sciences, Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Brandao, Pedro Renato de Paula AU - Brandao PRP AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. AD - Sirio-Libanes Hospital, Brasilia, Brazil., Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Eri Shimizu, Helena AU - Eri Shimizu H AD - Department of Collective Health, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Silva, Andrezza Paula Brito AU - Silva APB AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FAU - Delgado-Rodrigues, Raimundo Nonato AU - Delgado-Rodrigues RN AD - Central Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. CN - Research Center for Major Themes-COVID-19 group LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240130 PL - United States TA - PeerJ JT - PeerJ JID - 101603425 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Depression/epidemiology MH - Sleep MH - Headache/epidemiology MH - Dyspnea MH - Nausea MH - Vomiting PMC - PMC10836207 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anxiety OT - Biomarker OT - COVID-19 OT - Depression OT - Long COVID OT - Memory OT - Sleep COIS- The authors declare there are no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/02/05 06:43 MHDA- 2024/02/06 06:42 PMCR- 2024/01/30 CRDT- 2024/02/05 04:30 PHST- 2023/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/06 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/05 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/05 04:30 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 16669 [pii] AID - 10.7717/peerj.16669 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PeerJ. 2024 Jan 30;12:e16669. doi: 10.7717/peerj.16669. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38311669 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240206 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-0991 (Electronic) IS - 0343-8651 (Linking) VI - 81 IP - 3 DP - 2024 Feb 5 TI - Enhancing Immunological Memory: Unveiling Booster Doses to Bolster Vaccine Efficacy Against Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Mutant Variants. PG - 91 LID - 10.1007/s00284-023-03597-2 [doi] AB - A growing number of re-infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in previously immunized individuals has sparked discussions about the potential need for a booster vaccine dosage to counteract declining antibody levels and new strains. The protective immunity produced by vaccinations, and past illnesses relies on immunological memory. CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, B cells, and long-lasting antibody responses are all components of the adaptive immune system that can generate and maintain this immunological memory. Since novel mutant variants have emerged one after the other, the world has been hit by repeated waves. Various vaccine formulations against SARS-CoV-2 have been administered across the globe. Thus, estimating the efficacy of those vaccines against gradually developed mutant stains is the essential parameter regarding the fate of those vaccine formulations and the necessity of booster doses and their frequency. In this review, focus has also been given to how vaccination stacks up against moderate and severe acute infections in terms of the longevity of the immune cells, neutralizing antibody responses, etc. However, hybrid immunity shows a greater accuracy of re-infection of variants of concern (VOCs) of SARS-CoV-2 than infection and immunization. The review conveys knowledge of detailed information about several marketed vaccines and the status of their efficacy against specific mutant strains of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, this review discusses the status of immunological memory after infection, mixed infection, and vaccination. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Samanta, Sovan AU - Samanta S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3630-2057 AD - Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India. FAU - Banerjee, Jhimli AU - Banerjee J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1212-1235 AD - Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India. FAU - Das, Aparna AU - Das A AD - Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India. FAU - Das, Sourav AU - Das S AD - Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India. FAU - Ahmed, Rubai AU - Ahmed R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2733-3337 AD - Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India. FAU - Das, Swarnali AU - Das S AD - Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India. FAU - Pal, Amitava AU - Pal A AD - Department of Physiology, City College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India. FAU - Ali, Kazi Monjur AU - Ali KM AD - Department of Nutrition, Maharajadhiraj Uday Chand Women's College, B.C. Road, Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India. FAU - Mukhopadhyay, Rupanjan AU - Mukhopadhyay R AD - Department of Physiology, City College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India. FAU - Giri, Biplab AU - Giri B AD - Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India. FAU - Dash, Sandeep Kumar AU - Dash SK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5435-8556 AD - Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India. deep.vu@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240205 PL - United States TA - Curr Microbiol JT - Current microbiology JID - 7808448 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Vaccine Efficacy MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Reinfection MH - *Vaccines MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Vaccination EDAT- 2024/02/05 00:42 MHDA- 2024/02/08 18:42 CRDT- 2024/02/04 23:19 PHST- 2023/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/08 18:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/05 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/04 23:19 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00284-023-03597-2 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00284-023-03597-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Curr Microbiol. 2024 Feb 5;81(3):91. doi: 10.1007/s00284-023-03597-2. PMID- 38282407 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240130 LR - 20241106 IS - 1099-1654 (Electronic) IS - 1052-9276 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - The impact of trained immunity in respiratory viral infections. PG - e2510 LID - 10.1002/rmv.2510 [doi] AB - Epidemic peaks of respiratory viruses that co-circulate during the winter-spring seasons can be synchronous or asynchronous. The occurrence of temporal patterns in epidemics caused by some respiratory viruses suggests that they could negatively interact with each other. These negative interactions may result from a programme of innate immune memory, known as trained immunity, which may confer broad protective effects against respiratory viruses. It is suggested that stimulation of innate immune cells by a vaccine or a pathogen could induce their long-term functional reprogramming through an interplay between metabolic and epigenetic changes, which influence the transcriptional response to a secondary challenge. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the circulation of most respiratory viruses was prevented by non-pharmacological interventions and then resumed at unusual periods once sanitary measures were lifted. With time, respiratory viruses should find again their own ecological niches. This transition period provides an opportunity to study the interactions between respiratory viruses at the population level. CI - (c) 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Piret, Jocelyne AU - Piret J AD - Research Center of the CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Boivin, Guy AU - Boivin G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3027-4662 AD - Research Center of the CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. LA - eng GR - 148361/CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Rev Med Virol JT - Reviews in medical virology JID - 9112448 RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Trained Immunity MH - Immunity, Innate MH - *Viruses MH - *Vaccines MH - *COVID-19 OTO - NOTNLM OT - epidemiology OT - epigenetic reprogramming OT - innate immune memory OT - respiratory viruses OT - trained immunity OT - vaccines EDAT- 2024/01/29 06:43 MHDA- 2024/01/30 12:43 CRDT- 2024/01/29 02:03 PHST- 2023/12/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/10/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/30 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/29 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/29 02:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/rmv.2510 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rev Med Virol. 2024 Jan;34(1):e2510. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2510. PMID- 38280060 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240205 LR - 20241202 IS - 1591-9528 (Electronic) IS - 1591-8890 (Print) IS - 1591-8890 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan 27 TI - Humoral and cellular immune response in patients of liver cirrhosis and immunocompetent recipient of ChAdOx1nCoV-19 Vaccine (Covishield). PG - 24 LID - 10.1007/s10238-023-01258-z [doi] LID - 24 AB - Despite the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in reducing the severity of the disease, the demand for booster is increasing in vulnerable populations like elderly and immunocompromised individuals especially with each new wave of COVID-19 in different countries. There is limited data on the sustained immunity against COVID-19 in patients with liver cirrhosis. The study was aimed to compare the T cell and humoral immune response after 1 year of ChAdOx1nCoV-19 Vaccine in patients with liver cirrhosis and healthy health care workers (HCW). This was a prospective observational study including 36 HCW, 19 liver cirrhosis patients and 10 unvaccinated individuals. Anti-SARS-CoV-2S antibody, neutralizing antibody and memory T cell subsets were evaluated by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively, in all three groups after 1 year of initial vaccination. Compared to HCW and unvaccinated individuals, liver cirrhosis patients had significantly depleted T cells, although CD4:CD8 + T cell ratio was normal. Both cirrhotic patients and HCW developed memory T cell subset [effector memory RA (P = 0.141, P < 0.001), effector memory (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), central memory (P < 0.001, P < 0.01), stem cell memory (P = 0.009, P = 0.08) and naive (P < 0.001, P = 0.02)] compared to unvaccinated unexposed individuals of CD4 + T and CD8 + T, respectively. However, among HCW and cirrhotic group no difference was noted on central memory and stem cell memory cells on T cells. Patients with liver cirrhosis developed comparable memory T cells after vaccination which can evoke sustainable immune response on reinfection. Therefore, additional vaccine doses may not be necessary for cirrhosis patients. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Dandu, Himanshu AU - Dandu H AD - Department of Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, India. FAU - Goel, Amit AU - Goel A AD - Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India. FAU - Kumar, Manish AU - Kumar M AD - Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, India. FAU - Malhotra, Hardeep Singh AU - Malhotra HS AD - Department of Neurology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, India. FAU - Katiyar, Harshita AU - Katiyar H AD - Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India. FAU - Agarwal, Monica AU - Agarwal M AD - Department of Community Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, India. FAU - Kumar, Neeraj AU - Kumar N AD - Department of Neurology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, India. FAU - Pandey, Pragya AU - Pandey P AD - Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, India. FAU - Rani, Shivani AU - Rani S AD - Department of Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, India. FAU - Yadav, Geeta AU - Yadav G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8193-8436 AD - Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, India. drgeetayadav6@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20240127 PL - Italy TA - Clin Exp Med JT - Clinical and experimental medicine JID - 100973405 RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Humans MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Liver Cirrhosis MH - Vaccination MH - *Vaccines MH - Prospective Studies PMC - PMC10821839 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cirrhosis OT - Flow cytometry OT - Memory cell OT - T cell OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/01/28 07:42 MHDA- 2024/01/29 06:44 PMCR- 2024/01/27 CRDT- 2024/01/27 11:16 PHST- 2023/09/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/29 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/28 07:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/27 11:16 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10238-023-01258-z [pii] AID - 1258 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10238-023-01258-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Exp Med. 2024 Jan 27;24(1):24. doi: 10.1007/s10238-023-01258-z. PMID- 38252638 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240124 LR - 20260626 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2024 TI - Characteristics and burden of acute COVID-19 and long-COVID: Demographic, physical, mental health, and economic perspectives. PG - e0297207 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0297207 [doi] LID - e0297207 AB - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 infection and its associated consequence, known as long-COVID, lead to a significant burden on the global healthcare system and limitations in people's personal and work lives. This study aims to provide further insight into the impact of acute and ongoing COVID-19 symptoms and investigates the role of patients' gender and vaccination status. METHODS: 416 individuals (73.9% female) between the ages of 16 and 80 years (M = 44.18, SD = 12.90) with self-reported symptoms of long-COVID participated in an online survey conducted between March and May 2022. RESULTS: 6.0%, 74.3%, and 19.7% of all respondents reported having had an asymptomatic, mild, or severe acute illness, respectively. Out of all participants, 7.8% required hospitalization. The most prevalent symptoms during the acute infection (Mdn = 23.50 symptoms, IQR = 13-39) included fatigue, exhaustion, cough, brain fog, and memory problems. The median long-COVID disease duration was 12.10 months (IQR = 2.8-17.4). Among 64 inquired long-COVID symptoms (Mdn = 17.00 symptoms, IQR = 9-27), participants reported fatigue, exhaustion, memory problems, brain fog, and dyspnea as the most common ongoing symptoms, which were generally experienced as fluctuating and deteriorating after physical or cognitive activity. Common consequences of long-COVID included financial losses (40.5%), changes in the participants' profession (41.0%), stress resistance (87.5%), sexual life (38.1%), and mood (72.1%), as well as breathing difficulties (41.3%), or an increased drug intake (e.g., medicine, alcohol; 44.6%). In addition, vaccinated individuals exhibited a shorter acute illness duration and an earlier onset of long-COVID symptoms. In general, women reported more long-COVID symptoms than men. CONCLUSION: Long-COVID represents a heterogeneous disease and impacts multiple life aspects of those affected. Tailored rehabilitation programs targeting the plurality of physical and mental symptoms are needed. CI - Copyright: (c) 2024 Leitner et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Leitner, Manuel AU - Leitner M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5267-1103 AD - Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Potz, Gloria AU - Potz G AD - digitAAL Life GmbH, Graz, Austria. FAU - Berger, Martin AU - Berger M AD - Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Fellner, Maria AU - Fellner M AD - digitAAL Life GmbH, Graz, Austria. FAU - Spat, Stephan AU - Spat S AD - digitAAL Life GmbH, Graz, Austria. FAU - Koini, Marisa AU - Koini M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1756-1379 AD - Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240122 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Male MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Mental Health MH - Acute Disease MH - Dyspnea MH - Fatigue MH - Memory Disorders MH - Mental Fatigue MH - Demography PMC - PMC10802963 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2024/01/22 18:42 MHDA- 2024/01/24 06:43 PMCR- 2024/01/22 CRDT- 2024/01/22 13:33 PHST- 2023/08/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/24 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/22 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/22 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-23-25386 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0297207 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2024 Jan 22;19(1):e0297207. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297207. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38241652 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240223 LR - 20260826 IS - 1532-0987 (Electronic) IS - 0891-3668 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 3 DP - 2024 Mar 1 TI - Risk Factors for Severe and Critical Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children. PG - 234-241 LID - 10.1097/INF.0000000000004193 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is generally mild in children; however, severe or critical cases may occur. In this nationwide study, we analyzed clinical manifestations in children diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to identify high-risk groups for severe or critical disease and compared the clinical features between the Delta- and Omicron-dominant periods. METHODS: Data were retrieved from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database and merged with the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency-COVID-19-NHIS cohort, which includes information on COVID-19 cases and vaccination records. We included individuals <20 years old diagnosed with COVID-19 during both periods (Delta: July 25, 2021-January 15, 2022; Omicron: January 16, 2022-March 31, 2022). RESULTS: Proportion of severe or critical cases was higher during the Delta period than during the Omicron period. The Omicron period saw increased hospitalization for pneumonia and croup and increased likelihood of hospitalization for neurological manifestations. The risk of severe COVID-19 depended on age group (Delta: highest for 12-19 years; Omicron: 0-4 years). This risk was high in children with multiple complex chronic conditions during both periods and with obesity or asthma during the Delta but not during the Omicron period. Two-dose COVID-19 vaccination provided strong protection against severe disease in the Delta period (adjusted odds ratio: 0.20), with reduced effectiveness in the Omicron period (adjusted odds ratio: 0.91). However, it significantly reduced the risk of critical illness (adjusted odds ratio: 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: These findings can facilitate identification of children at high risk of severe or critical COVID-19, who may require intensive medical support, and development of vaccination policies. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lee, Kyung-Shin AU - Lee KS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3451-3763 AD - From the Public Health Research Institute, National Medical Center. FAU - Kim, Ye Kyung AU - Kim YK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7145-8738 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Medical Center. FAU - Choi, Youn Young AU - Choi YY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8749-0951 AD - From the Public Health Research Institute, National Medical Center. AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center. FAU - Choe, Young June AU - Choe YJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2733-0715 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital. FAU - Kim, Myoung-Hee AU - Kim MH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6122-1363 AD - Center for Public Health Data Analytics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Hyunju AU - Lee H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3862-5263 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240118 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Infect Dis J JT - The Pediatric infectious disease journal JID - 8701858 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Risk Factors MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Asthma COIS- The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2024/01/19 18:30 MHDA- 2024/02/23 06:43 CRDT- 2024/01/19 16:33 PHST- 2024/02/23 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/19 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/19 16:33 [entrez] AID - 00006454-202403000-00009 [pii] AID - 10.1097/INF.0000000000004193 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2024 Mar 1;43(3):234-241. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000004193. Epub 2024 Jan 18. PMID- 38233288 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240214 LR - 20250827 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Print) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Feb 6 TI - Restricted Omicron-specific cross-variant memory B-cell immunity after a 3rd dose/booster of monovalent Wuhan-Hu-1-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. PG - 912-917 LID - S0264-410X(24)00032-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.032 [doi] AB - The responsiveness/cross-binding of vaccine-induced memory B cells/MBCs to previous and emerging divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants (e.g., Omicron) is understudied. In this longitudinal study subjects receiving two or three doses of monovalent ancestral strain-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were evaluated. In contrast to others, we observed significantly lower frequencies of MBCs reactive to the receptor-binding domain/RBD, the N-terminal domain/NTD, and the S1 of Omicron/BA.1, compared to Wuhan and Delta, even after a 3rd vaccine dose/booster. Our study is a proof of concept that MBC cross-reactivity to variants with greater sequence divergence from the vaccine strain may be overestimated and suggests that these variants may exhibit immune escape with reduced recognition by circulating pre-existing MBCs upon infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Haralambieva, Iana H AU - Haralambieva IH AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Monroe, Jonathon M AU - Monroe JM AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Ovsyannikova, Inna G AU - Ovsyannikova IG AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Warner, Nathaniel D AU - Warner ND AD - Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Grill, Diane E AU - Grill DE AD - Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Poland, Gregory A AU - Poland GA AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. FAU - Kennedy, Richard B AU - Kennedy RB AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. Electronic address: kennedy.rick@mayo.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 AI048793/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R37 AI048793/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240117 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Memory B Cells MH - mRNA Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC10922459 MID - NIHMS1960154 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibodies, neutralizing OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - Humoral immune responses OT - Immunological memory OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine OT - Variants of concern COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Rick Kennedy reports financial support was provided by Mayo Clinic for SARS-CoV-2 research. Gregory Poland reports financial support was provided by National Institutes of Health (R01 AI48793: Poland PI). Dr. Poland is the chair of a Safety Evaluation Committee for novel investigational vaccine trials being conducted by Merck Research Laboratories. Dr. Poland provides consultative advice to AiZtech; Atria; GlaxoSmithKline; Invivyd; Janssen Global Services, LLC; Merck & Co. Inc.; Moderna; Novavax; and Syneos Health. Drs. Poland and Ovsyannikova hold patents related to vaccinia and measles peptide vaccines. Drs. Kennedy, Poland, and Ovsyannikova hold a patent related to vaccinia peptide vaccines. Drs. Poland, Kennedy, and Ovsyannikova have received grant funding and royalties from ICW Ventures for pre-clinical studies on a peptide-based COVID-19 vaccine. Drs. Poland, Kennedy, Ovsyannikova and Haralambieva hold a patent related to the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms on measles vaccine immunity. Dr. Kennedy has received funding from Merck Research Laboratories to study waning immunity to mumps vaccine. These activities have been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and are conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policies. This research has been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and was conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policy. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/01/18 00:42 MHDA- 2024/02/09 12:44 PMCR- 2025/02/06 CRDT- 2024/01/17 21:58 PHST- 2023/06/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/09 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/18 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/17 21:58 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0264-410X(24)00032-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.032 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2024 Feb 6;42(4):912-917. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.032. Epub 2024 Jan 17. PMID- 38228087 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240402 LR - 20240827 IS - 2092-7193 (Electronic) IS - 2092-7193 (Linking) VI - 46 DP - 2024 TI - The bounds of meta-analytics and an alternative method. PG - e2024016 LID - 10.4178/epih.e2024016 [doi] LID - e2024016 AB - OBJECTIVES: Meta-analysis is a statistical appraisal of the data analytic implications of published articles (Y), estimating parameters including the odds ratio and relative risk. This information is helpful for evaluating the significance of the findings. The Higgins I2 index is often used to measure heterogeneity among studies. The objectives of this article are to amend the Higgins I2 index score in a novel and innovative way and to make it more useful in practice. METHODS: Heterogeneity among study populations can be affected by many sources, including the sample size and study design. They influence the Cochran Q score and, thus, the Higgins I2 score. In this regard, the I2 score is not an absolute indicator of heterogeneity. Q changes by bound as Y increases unboundedly. An innovative methodology is devised to show the conditional and unconditional probability structures. RESULTS: Various properties are derived, including showing that a zero correlation between Q and Y does not necessarily mean that they are independent. A new alternative statistic, S2, is derived and applied to mild cognitive impairment and coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination for meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: A hidden shortcoming of the Higgins I2 index is overcome in this article by amending the Higgins I2 score. The usefulness of the proposed methodology is illustrated using 2 examples. The findings have potential health policy implications. FAU - Shanmugam, Ramalingam AU - Shanmugam R AD - School of Health Administration, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA. FAU - Tabatabai, Mohammad AU - Tabatabai M AD - Meharry Medical College, School of Graduate Studies, Nashville, TN, USA. FAU - Wilus, Derek AU - Wilus D AD - Meharry Medical College, School of Graduate Studies, Nashville, TN, USA. FAU - Singh, Karan P AU - Singh KP AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA. LA - eng GR - G12 MD007586/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 MD007586/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis DEP - 20240107 PL - Korea (South) TA - Epidemiol Health JT - Epidemiology and health JID - 101519472 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction PMC - PMC11040225 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognitive impairment OT - Heterogeneity OT - Risk OT - Vaccination COIS- Conflict of interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare for this study. EDAT- 2024/01/17 00:41 MHDA- 2024/04/02 06:46 PMCR- 2024/01/07 CRDT- 2024/01/16 18:10 PHST- 2023/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/02 06:46 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/17 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/16 18:10 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - epih.e2024016 [pii] AID - epih-46-e2024016 [pii] AID - 10.4178/epih.e2024016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024016. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2024016. Epub 2024 Jan 7. PMID- 38211737 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240214 LR - 20240222 IS - 1872-9096 (Electronic) IS - 0166-3542 (Linking) VI - 222 DP - 2024 Feb TI - TXM peptides inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection, syncytia formation, and lower inflammatory consequences. PG - 105806 LID - S0166-3542(24)00014-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105806 [doi] AB - After three years of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the search and availability of relatively low-cost benchtop therapeutics for people not at high risk for a severe disease are still ongoing. Although vaccines and new SARS-CoV-2 variants reduce the death toll, the long COVID-19 along with neurologic symptoms can develop and persist even after a mild initial infection. Reinfections, which further increase the risk of sequelae in multiple organ systems as well as the risk of death, continue to require caution. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is an important target for both vaccines and therapeutics. The presence of disulfide bonds in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein is essential for its binding to the human ACE2 receptor and cell entry. Here, we demonstrate that thiol-reducing peptides based on the active site of oxidoreductase thioredoxin 1, called thioredoxin mimetic (TXM) peptides, can prevent syncytia formation, SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells, and infection in a mouse model. We also show that TXM peptides inhibit the redox-sensitive HIV pseudotyped viral cell entry. These results support disulfide targeting as a common therapeutic strategy for treating infections caused by viruses using redox-sensitive fusion. Furthermore, TXM peptides exert anti-inflammatory properties by lowering the activation of NF-kappaB and IRF signaling pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokines in mice. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the TXM peptides, which also cross the blood-brain barrier, in combination with prevention of viral infections, may provide a beneficial clinical strategy to lower viral infections and mitigate severe consequences of COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Govednik, Tea AU - Govednik T AD - Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Graduate School of Biomedicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FAU - Lainscek, Dusko AU - Lainscek D AD - Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Centre of Excellence EN-FIST, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FAU - Kuhar, Urska AU - Kuhar U AD - Institute for Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FAU - Lachish, Marva AU - Lachish M AD - Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel. FAU - Janezic, Sandra AU - Janezic S AD - National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia. FAU - Strbenc, Malan AU - Strbenc M AD - Institute for Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FAU - Krapez, Uros AU - Krapez U AD - Institute of Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FAU - Jerala, Roman AU - Jerala R AD - Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Centre of Excellence EN-FIST, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FAU - Atlas, Daphne AU - Atlas D AD - Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel. Electronic address: daphne.atlas@mail.huji.ac.il. FAU - Mancek-Keber, Mateja AU - Mancek-Keber M AD - Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Centre of Excellence EN-FIST, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: mateja.mancek@ki.si. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240109 PL - Netherlands TA - Antiviral Res JT - Antiviral research JID - 8109699 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Peptides) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - 52500-60-4 (Thioredoxins) RN - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents) RN - 0 (Disulfides) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Peptides/pharmacology MH - *Vaccines/pharmacology MH - Thioredoxins/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology MH - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology MH - Disulfides/pharmacology MH - Giant Cells MH - Protein Binding OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anti-inflammatory activity OT - Disulfides OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Spike OT - Thiol-reacting compound COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/01/12 00:42 MHDA- 2024/02/12 05:19 CRDT- 2024/01/11 19:14 PHST- 2023/07/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/12 05:19 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/12 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/11 19:14 [entrez] AID - S0166-3542(24)00014-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105806 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Antiviral Res. 2024 Feb;222:105806. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105806. Epub 2024 Jan 9. PMID- 38211584 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240219 LR - 20260806 IS - 1934-6069 (Electronic) IS - 1931-3128 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Feb 14 TI - Memory T cells effectively recognize the SARS-CoV-2 hypermutated BA.2.86 variant. PG - 156-161.e3 LID - S1931-3128(23)00505-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.010 [doi] AB - T cells are critical in mediating the early control of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) breakthrough infection. However, it remains unknown whether memory T cells can effectively cross-recognize new SARS-CoV-2 variants with a broad array of mutations, such as the emergent hypermutated BA.2.86 variant. Here, we report in two separate cohorts, including healthy controls and individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, that SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells induced by prior infection or vaccination demonstrate resilient immune recognition of BA.2.86. In both cohorts, we found largely preserved SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell magnitudes against mutated spike epitopes of BA.2.86. Functional analysis confirmed that both cytokine expression and proliferative capacity of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cells to BA.2.86-mutated spike epitopes are similarly sustained. In summary, our findings indicate that memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells continue to provide cell-mediated immune recognition to highly mutated emerging variants such as BA.2.86. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Muller, Thomas R AU - Muller TR AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Gao, Yu AU - Gao Y AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Wu, Jinghua AU - Wu J AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Ribeiro, Oriana AU - Ribeiro O AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Chen, Puran AU - Chen P AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Bergman, Peter AU - Bergman P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Immunology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Blennow, Ola AU - Blennow O AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge, Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Hansson, Lotta AU - Hansson L AD - Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Mielke, Stephan AU - Mielke S AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Nowak, Piotr AU - Nowak P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge, Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden MIMS, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. FAU - Vesterbacka, Jan AU - Vesterbacka J AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Akber, Mira AU - Akber M AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Soderdahl, Gunnar AU - Soderdahl G AD - Department of Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Smith, C I Edvard AU - Smith CIE AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Lore, Karin AU - Lore K AD - Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Chen, Margaret Sallberg AU - Chen MS AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Ljungman, Per AU - Ljungman P AD - Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge, Hematology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Ingelman-Sundberg, Hanna M AU - Ingelman-Sundberg HM AD - Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Ljunggren, Hans-Gustaf AU - Ljunggren HG AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Osterborg, Anders AU - Osterborg A AD - Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Aleman, Soo AU - Aleman S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge, Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Buggert, Marcus AU - Buggert M AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: marcus.buggert@ki.se. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04780659 SI - EudraCT/2021-000175-37 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240110 PL - United States TA - Cell Host Microbe JT - Cell host & microbe JID - 101302316 RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Memory T Cells MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Epitopes MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics MH - Antibodies, Viral OTO - NOTNLM OT - BA.1 OT - BA.2.86 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - cellular immunity COIS- Declaration of interests A.S. is a consultant for AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals; Calyptus Pharmaceuticals, Inc; Darwin Health; EmerVax; EUROIMMUN; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd; Fortress Biotech; Gilead Sciences; Granite Bio.; Gritstone Oncology; Guggenheim Securities; Moderna; Pfizer; RiverVest Venture Partners; and Turnstone Biologics. A.G. is a consultant for Pfizer. A.S. has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. M.B. is a consultant and has received honoraria from Oxford Immunotec, MSD, BMS, Pfizer, and Mabtech. S.A. has received honoraria for lectures and educational events, not related to this work, from Gilead, AbbVie, MSD, and Biogen and reports grants from Gilead and AbbVie. EDAT- 2024/01/12 00:42 MHDA- 2024/02/19 06:43 CRDT- 2024/01/11 18:41 PHST- 2023/11/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/12/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/19 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/12 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/11 18:41 [entrez] AID - S1931-3128(23)00505-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Host Microbe. 2024 Feb 14;32(2):156-161.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.010. Epub 2024 Jan 10. PMID- 38211583 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240219 LR - 20260826 IS - 1934-6069 (Electronic) IS - 1931-3128 (Print) IS - 1931-3128 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Feb 14 TI - Post-pandemic memory T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 is durable, broadly targeted, and cross-reactive to the hypermutated BA.2.86 variant. PG - 162-169.e3 LID - S1931-3128(23)00498-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.003 [doi] AB - Ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) evolution has given rise to recombinant Omicron lineages that dominate globally (XBB.1), as well as the emergence of hypermutated variants (BA.2.86). In this context, durable and cross-reactive T cell immune memory is critical for continued protection against severe COVID-19. We examined T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 approximately 1.5 years since Omicron first emerged. We describe sustained CD4+ and CD8+ spike-specific T cell memory responses in healthcare workers in South Africa (n = 39) who were vaccinated and experienced at least one SARS-CoV-2 infection. Spike-specific T cells are highly cross-reactive with all Omicron variants tested, including BA.2.86. Abundant nucleocapsid and membrane-specific T cells are detectable in most participants. The bulk of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses have an early-differentiated phenotype, explaining their persistent nature. Overall, hybrid immunity leads to the accumulation of spike and non-spike T cells evident 3.5 years after the start of the pandemic, with preserved recognition of highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 variants. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Nesamari, Rofhiwa AU - Nesamari R AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Omondi, Millicent A AU - Omondi MA AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Baguma, Richard AU - Baguma R AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Hoft, Maxine A AU - Hoft MA AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Ngomti, Amkele AU - Ngomti A AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Nkayi, Anathi A AU - Nkayi AA AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Besethi, Asiphe S AU - Besethi AS AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Magugu, Siyabulela F J AU - Magugu SFJ AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Mosala, Paballo AU - Mosala P AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Walters, Avril AU - Walters A AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Clark, Gesina M AU - Clark GM AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Mennen, Mathilda AU - Mennen M AD - Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit on Intersection of Non-communicable Disease and Infectious Diseases, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Skelem, Sango AU - Skelem S AD - Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit on Intersection of Non-communicable Disease and Infectious Diseases, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Adriaanse, Marguerite AU - Adriaanse M AD - Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit on Intersection of Non-communicable Disease and Infectious Diseases, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Keeton, Roanne S AU - Keeton RS AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Ntusi, Ntobeko A B AU - Ntusi NAB AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit on Intersection of Non-communicable Disease and Infectious Diseases, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Riou, Catherine AU - Riou C AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: cr.riou@uct.ac.za. FAU - Burgers, Wendy A AU - Burgers WA AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: wendy.burgers@uct.ac.za. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 75N93019C00065/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - D43 TW010559/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240110 PL - United States TA - Cell Host Microbe JT - Cell host & microbe JID - 101302316 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - *COVID-19 MH - Memory T Cells MH - Pandemics MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics PMC - PMC10901529 MID - NIHMS1965056 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BA.2.86 sub-lineage OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell response OT - T cell sustainability OT - cross-reactivity COIS- Declaration of interests A.S. is a consultant for AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Calyptus Pharmaceuticals Inc, Darwin Health, EmerVax, EUROIMMUN, F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd, Fortress Biotech, Gilead Sciences, Granite bio., Gritstone Oncology, Guggenheim Securities, Moderna, Pfizer, RiverVest Venture Partners, and Turnstone Biologics. A.G. is a consultant for Pfizer. L.J.I. has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. EDAT- 2024/01/12 00:42 MHDA- 2024/02/19 06:42 PMCR- 2024/02/28 CRDT- 2024/01/11 18:41 PHST- 2023/10/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/12/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/19 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/12 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/11 18:41 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1931-3128(23)00498-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Host Microbe. 2024 Feb 14;32(2):162-169.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.003. Epub 2024 Jan 10. PMID- 38191194 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240110 LR - 20241125 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Dec 31 TI - Enhanced immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in returning Chinese individuals. PG - 2300208 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2023.2300208 [doi] LID - 2300208 AB - Global COVID-19 vaccination programs effectively contained the fast spread of SARS-CoV-2. Characterizing the immunity status of returned populations will favor understanding the achievement of herd immunity and long-term management of COVID-19 in China. Individuals were recruited from 7 quarantine stations in Guangzhou, China. Blood and throat swab specimens were collected from participants, and their immunity status was determined through competitive ELISA, microneutralization assay and enzyme-linked FluoroSpot assay. A total of 272 subjects were involved in the questionnaire survey, of whom 235 (86.4%) were returning Chinese individuals and 37 (13.6%) were foreigners. Blood and throat swab specimens were collected from 108 returning Chinese individuals. Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detected in ~90% of returning Chinese individuals, either in the primary or the homologous and heterologous booster vaccination group. The serum NAb titers were significantly decreased against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5, BF.7, BQ.1 and XBB.1 compared with the prototype virus. However, memory T-cell responses, including specific IFN-gamma and IL-2 responses, were not different in either group. Smoking, alcohol consumption, SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 vaccination, and the time interval between last vaccination and sampling were independent influencing factors for NAb titers against prototype SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern. The vaccine dose was the unique common influencing factor for Omicron subvariants. Enhanced immunity against SARS-CoV-2 was established in returning Chinese individuals who were exposed to reinfection and vaccination. Domestic residents will benefit from booster homologous or heterologous COVID-19 vaccination after reopening of China, which is also useful against breakthrough infection. FAU - Yuan, Runyu AU - Yuan R AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Huimin AU - Chen H AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Yi, Lina AU - Yi L AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Xinxin AU - Li X AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Hu, Ximing AU - Hu X AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. AD - School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Xing AU - Li X AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Huan AU - Zhang H AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhou, Pingping AU - Zhou P AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liang, Chumin AU - Liang C AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Lin, Huifang AU - Lin H AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zeng, Lilian AU - Zeng L AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhuang, Xue AU - Zhuang X AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Ruan, QianQian AU - Ruan Q AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. AD - School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Yueling AU - Chen Y AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. AD - School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Deng, Yingyin AU - Deng Y AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. AD - School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Zhe AU - Liu Z AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Lu, Jing AU - Lu J AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Xiao, Jianpeng AU - Xiao J AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Liang AU - Chen L AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Xiao, Xincai AU - Xiao X AD - Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Jing AU - Li J AD - Quality Control Department, Sinovac Life Sciences Co. Ltd., Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Baisheng AU - Li B AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Yan AU - Li Y AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - He, Jianfeng AU - He J AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Sun, Jiufeng AU - Sun J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1047-929X AD - Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. AD - School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. AD - School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240108 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - China/epidemiology PMC - PMC10793704 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory T-cell response OT - neutralizing antibody OT - returning Chinese individuals COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2024/01/09 00:42 MHDA- 2024/01/10 06:42 PMCR- 2024/01/08 CRDT- 2024/01/08 20:43 PHST- 2024/01/10 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/09 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/08 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2300208 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2023.2300208 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2300208. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2300208. Epub 2024 Jan 8. PMID- 38186472 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240109 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 12 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Long COVID-19 Syndrome: Insights From a Major Tertiary Center in the UK on Who Is at Greater Risk. PG - e50027 LID - 10.7759/cureus.50027 [doi] LID - e50027 AB - INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered the unprecedented 'long COVID' crisis, with persistent symptoms beyond two months post-infection. This study explores the nexus between long COVID symptoms, patient demographics such as age, gender, and smoking, and clinical factors like vaccination, disease severity, and comorbidities. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of records was conducted between September 2021 and December 2022. The analysis covered adults with confirmed COVID-19 diagnoses. Data encompassed demographics, medical history, vaccination, disease severity, hospitalization, treatments, and post-COVID symptoms, analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: Among 289 participants, the average age was 51.51 years. Around 62.6% were females, and 93% received the COVID-19 vaccination, i.e., primarily the mRNA vaccine (48.4%) and the adenovirus vector-based vaccine (34.8%). Reinfections occurred in 11.76% of cases. Disease severity varied, with 75% having mild, 15% having moderate, and 10% having severe infections. Hospitalization rates were significant (25.6%), including 10.7% requiring intensive care. Thirteen distinct post-COVID symptoms were reported. Fatigue, shortness of breath upon exertion, and brain fog emerged as the most prevalent symptoms. Notably, females exhibited higher symptom prevalence. Significant correlations were established between higher BMI and smoking with augmented symptomatology. Conversely, a link between booster doses and symptom reduction was discerned. Using multinomial regression analysis, gender and smoking were identified as predictors of post-COVID-19 symptoms. CONCLUSION: The study underscores obesity, smoking, and the female gender's impact on long COVID symptoms; boosters show promise in alleviation. Respiratory pathology might underlie persistent symptoms in cases with radiological abnormalities and abnormal spirometry. Findings contribute to risk stratification, intervention strategies, and further research. CI - Copyright (c) 2023, Tariq Khan et al. FAU - Tariq Khan, Saad AU - Tariq Khan S AD - Medicine, Darlington Memorial Hospital, Darlington, GBR. FAU - Rashid, Khalid AU - Rashid K AD - General Internal Medicine, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, GBR. FAU - Ansar, Farrukh AU - Ansar F AD - Medicine, Northwest School of Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, PAK. FAU - Khan, Muhammad Y AU - Khan MY AD - Medical Education, Pak International Medical College, Peshawar, PAK. FAU - Ali Khan, Fahd AU - Ali Khan F AD - Medicine, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, GBR. FAU - Ebrahim Husain Ahmed Ali Ismaeel, Rawan AU - Ebrahim Husain Ahmed Ali Ismaeel R AD - Medicine, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, GBR. FAU - Hanif Mohammed, Raheem AU - Hanif Mohammed R AD - Medicine, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, GBR. FAU - Mustafa, Rehan AU - Mustafa R AD - Medicine, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, GBR. FAU - Tariq Khan, Bisma AU - Tariq Khan B AD - Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK. FAU - Tariq, Behram AU - Tariq B AD - Medicine, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, GBR. FAU - Husssain, Mubbashar AU - Husssain M AD - Medicine, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, GBR. FAU - Waheed, Aamir AU - Waheed A AD - Internal Medicine, Northampton General Hospital, Northampton, GBR. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231206 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC10767765 OTO - NOTNLM OT - covid-19 OT - covid-19 vaccine OT - long covid-19 OT - post-covid-19 symptoms OT - predictors of post covid-19 syndrome COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2024/01/08 06:42 MHDA- 2024/01/08 06:43 PMCR- 2023/12/06 CRDT- 2024/01/08 04:25 PHST- 2023/12/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/08 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/08 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/08 04:25 [entrez] PHST- 2023/12/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.50027 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2023 Dec 6;15(12):e50027. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50027. eCollection 2023 Dec. PMID- 38166817 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240105 LR - 20240106 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan 2 TI - Factors affecting subsequent dose of COVID-19 vaccine uptake based on BASNEF model among older adults. PG - 18 LID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08903-8 [doi] LID - 18 AB - BACKGROUND: Vaccination is a primary prevention approach to preventing disease by disconnecting the transmission chain. The current study utilized a BASNEF model framework to identify factors influencing subsequent doses of COVID-19 vaccination among older adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed in the west of Iran in May 2022. The participants were selected via multi-stage sampling. Finally, 1120 participants contributed to the present study. The questionnaire consisted of three sections: a) Socio-demographic characteristics, b) cognitive impairments tests, and c) Questionnaire about the subsequent dose of COVID-19 vaccine uptake based on the BASNEF model. Data were analyzed using the software IBM AMOS-20 and SPSS-23 via one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent sample T-tests were used, too. The significance level of statistical tests was regarded as less than 0.05. RESULTS: The presented results of analyzing 50% of the variance of vaccination intention as the dependent variable (R square = 0.497) and 10% of the behavior variance as the dependent variable (R square = 0.104) can be explained based on the BASNEF model. The enabling factors (beta = 0.636, p < 0.001) and the intention (beta = 0.322, p < 0.001) were important factors for subsequent doses of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in older adults. CONCLUSION: So, planning and implementing promotional intervention programs for older people (over 65; 80), females, illiterate, widows and divorced, good economic status, and urban areas is essential. It seems that enabling factors such as free vaccinations, vaccination inaccessible places such as public social security agencies, social supports such as involvement of the government and physicians, and improving information by the medium or knowledge-sharing experience, which can be further used to enhance the acceptance of subsequent doses of COVID-19 uptake in older adults. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Barati, Majid AU - Barati M AD - Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical sciences, Asadabad, Iran, Hamadan, IR, Iran. FAU - Jormand, Hanieh AU - Jormand H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4582-1473 AD - Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran. jormand69h@gmail.com. FAU - Khazaei, Salman AU - Khazaei S AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran. FAU - Bashirian, Saeed AU - Bashirian S AD - Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran. FAU - Sadri, Mohadeseh AU - Sadri M AD - Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Walfare and Rehablitation Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran. FAU - Afshari, Maryam AU - Afshari M AD - Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran. LA - eng GR - 140002281477/Hamadan University of Medical Sciences/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240102 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Analysis of Variance MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC10763401 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aging OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Immunosenescence OT - Intention COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/01/04 01:18 MHDA- 2024/01/05 06:43 PMCR- 2024/01/02 CRDT- 2024/01/03 09:16 PHST- 2023/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/05 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/04 01:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/03 09:16 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08903-8 [pii] AID - 8903 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08903-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Jan 2;24(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08903-8. PMID- 38166694 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240118 LR - 20240118 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan 2 TI - Analysis of influencing factors on long COVID in COVID-19 patients infected with omicron variant three months after discharge: a cross-sectional study. PG - 36 LID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08947-w [doi] LID - 36 AB - BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to analyze the influencing factors associated with Long-COVID in patients infected with Omicron variant of COVID-19 in Changchun City, Jilin Province, China three months after discharge in March 2022. METHODS: In this study, we conducted a telephone follow-up based on the real-world data collected from the Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Tongyuan Shelter Hospital and Changchun Infectious Disease Hospital during the COVID-19 epidemic in Changchun in March 2022. We used the Global COVID-19 Clinical Platform Case Report Form for Post COVID condition as a follow-up questionnaire to collect the general information, past medical history, clinical symptoms, COVID-19 vaccine inoculation doses, and other relevant information to analyze the symptom characteristics of COVID-19 patients three months after discharge from the hospital and related factors affecting Long COVID. RESULTS: A total of 1,806 patients with COVID-19 were included in this study, 977 males and 829 females, with a mean age of 38.5 [30.0, 49.4] years, and the number of female patients suffering from Long COVID (50.87%) was greater than male patients (p = 0.023). The binary logistic regression analysis of factors influencing Long COVID showed that smoking history (OR (95%CI) = 0.551(0.425-0.714), p < 0.001, taking never smoking as a reference), allergy history (OR (95%CI) = 1.618 (1.086-2.413), p-value 0.018, taking no allergy as a reference), first symptoms (OR (95%CI) = 0.636 (0.501-0.807), p < 0.001, with no first symptoms as reference) and COVID-19 vaccine inoculation doses (OR (95%CI) = 1.517 (1.190-1.933), p-value 0.001, with /=2 doses of COVID-19 vaccines prior to COVID-19 diagnosis. RESULTS: The prevalence of the intention to get booster vaccination was 59.2 %. Older age (>60 years), being currently married, not employed full-time, and having chronic diseases were positively associated with the intention to get booster vaccination. Adjusted for the background factors, higher levels of the cognitive factors of perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, perceived acquired moderate-to-strong immunity against COVID-19, and perceived adequate knowledge of COVID-19 were positively associated with the intention to get booster vaccination; stronger perceived severity of prior infection despite vaccination was negatively associated with the intention outcome. In contrast, stronger mental distress due to COVID-19, illness concern, and emotional representation were positively associated with the intention. Self-perceived long COVID status was not a significant factor. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of the intention to get booster COVID-19 vaccination was limited, especially among younger people reporting prior COVID-19. Health promotion is still required among people reporting prior COVID-19 and may emphasize the significant cognitive factors positively associated with the intention. Future studies are needed to confirm the findings, clarify the role of emotional factors on booster vaccination, and explore other factors of the intention to get booster vaccination among people reporting prior COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Yu, Yanqiu AU - Yu Y AD - School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhang, Xiaoying AU - Zhang X AD - College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China. FAU - Lau, Mason M C AU - Lau MMC AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Lau, Joseph T F AU - Lau JTF AD - Public Mental Health Center, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. Electronic address: jlau@cuhk.edu.hk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231207 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - Chinese people RN - COVID-19 vaccine booster shot SB - IM MH - Hong Kong/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - China MH - Cognition MH - East Asian People MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - COVID-19 Testing MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - Humans MH - *Intention MH - Emotions OTO - NOTNLM OT - Booster vaccination OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Cognitive factors OT - Emotional factors OT - People reporting prior COVID-19 COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/12/09 05:43 MHDA- 2024/01/02 11:42 CRDT- 2023/12/08 21:59 PHST- 2023/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/12/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/02 11:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/09 05:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/08 21:59 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(23)01448-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.015 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2024 Jan 12;42(2):206-212. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.015. Epub 2023 Dec 7. PMID- 38064215 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231216 LR - 20241007 IS - 2574-3805 (Electronic) IS - 2574-3805 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 12 DP - 2023 Dec 1 TI - Rates of ICD-10 Code U09.9 Documentation and Clinical Characteristics of VA Patients With Post-COVID-19 Condition. PG - e2346783 LID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46783 [doi] LID - e2346783 AB - IMPORTANCE: A significant proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals experience post-COVID-19 condition months after initial infection. OBJECTIVE: To determine the rates, clinical setting, risk factors, and symptoms associated with the documentation of International Statistical Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision (ICD-10), code U09.9 for post-COVID-19 condition after acute infection. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study was performed within the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system. Veterans with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result between October 1, 2021, the date ICD-10 code U09.9 was introduced, and January 31, 2023 (n = 388 980), and a randomly selected subsample of patients with the U09.9 code (n = 350) whose symptom prevalence was assessed by systematic medical record review, were included in the analysis. EXPOSURE: Positive SARS-CoV-2 test result. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Rates, clinical setting, risk factors, and symptoms associated with ICD-10 code U09.9 in the medical record. RESULTS: Among the 388 980 persons with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, the mean (SD) age was 61.4 (16.1) years; 87.3% were men. In terms of race and ethnicity, 0.8% were American Indian or Alaska Native, 1.4% were Asian, 20.7% were Black, 9.3% were Hispanic or Latino, 1.0% were Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; and 67.8% were White. Cumulative incidence of U09.9 documentation was 4.79% (95% CI, 4.73%-4.87%) at 6 months and 5.28% (95% CI, 5.21%-5.36%) at 12 months after infection. Factors independently associated with U09.9 documentation included older age, female sex, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, comorbidity burden, and severe acute infection manifesting by symptoms, hospitalization, or ventilation. Primary vaccination (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.80 [95% CI, 0.78-0.83]) and booster vaccination (AHR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.64-0.69]) were associated with a lower likelihood of U09.9 documentation. Marked differences by geographic region and facility in U09.9 code documentation may reflect local screening and care practices. Among the 350 patients undergoing systematic medical record review, the most common symptoms documented in the medical records among patients with the U09.9 code were shortness of breath (130 [37.1%]), fatigue or exhaustion (78 [22.3%]), cough (63 [18.0%]), reduced cognitive function or brain fog (22 [6.3%]), and change in smell and/or taste (20 [5.7%]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study of 388 980 veterans, documentation of ICD-10 code U09.9 had marked regional and facility-level variability. Strong risk factors for U09.9 documentation were identified, while vaccination appeared to be protective. Accurate and consistent documentation of U09.9 is needed to maximize its utility in tracking patients for clinical care and research. Future studies should examine the long-term trajectory of individuals with U09.9 documentation. FAU - Wander, Pandora L AU - Wander PL AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Baraff, Aaron AU - Baraff A AD - Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Fox, Alexandra AU - Fox A AD - Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Cho, Kelly AU - Cho K AD - VA Centralized Interactive Phenomics Resources-VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts. AD - Department of Medicine, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Maripuri, Monika AU - Maripuri M AD - VA Centralized Interactive Phenomics Resources-VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Honerlaw, Jacqueline P AU - Honerlaw JP AD - VA Centralized Interactive Phenomics Resources-VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Ho, Yuk-Lam AU - Ho YL AD - VA Centralized Interactive Phenomics Resources-VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Dey, Andrew T AU - Dey AT AD - VA Centralized Interactive Phenomics Resources-VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - O'Hare, Ann M AU - O'Hare AM AD - Division of Nephrology, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System and University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Bohnert, Amy S B AU - Bohnert ASB AD - VA Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan. AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. FAU - Boyko, Edward J AU - Boyko EJ AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Maciejewski, Matthew L AU - Maciejewski ML AD - Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina. AD - Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. AD - Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. FAU - Viglianti, Elizabeth AU - Viglianti E AD - Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan. AD - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. FAU - Iwashyna, Theodore J AU - Iwashyna TJ AD - Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan. AD - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. FAU - Hynes, Denise M AU - Hynes DM AD - Center of Innovation to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon. AD - Health Management and Policy, School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Health Data and Informatics Program, Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis. FAU - Osborne, Thomas F AU - Osborne TF AD - VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California. AD - Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Ioannou, George N AU - Ioannou GN AD - Division of Gastroenterology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle. AD - Research and Development, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington. LA - eng GR - IK6 HX003395/HX/HSRD VA/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20231201 PL - United States TA - JAMA Netw Open JT - JAMA network open JID - 101729235 SB - IM MH - Male MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Cohort Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - International Classification of Diseases MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Chronic Disease PMC - PMC10709773 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr O'Hare reported nonfinancial support for travel and accommodation from the University of Colorado outside the submitted work. Dr Maciejewski reported receiving grant funding from the Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development Service (HSR&D) during the conduct of the study; and owning stock in Amgen Inc due to spouse's employment. Dr Viglianti reported receiving grant funding from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) during the conduct of the study. Dr Iwashyna reported receiving grant funding from the VA HSR&D during the conduct of the study. Dr Hynes reported receiving grant funding from the VA, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Pacific Source Community Services, Inc, and the David and Lucille Packard Foundation outside the submitted work; and consulting fees for scientific consulting paid to van Breemen & Hynes LLC, unrelated to this research. Dr Ioannou reported receiving grant funding from the VA during the conduct of the study. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2023/12/08 12:42 MHDA- 2023/12/17 13:19 PMCR- 2023/12/08 CRDT- 2023/12/08 11:33 PHST- 2023/12/17 13:19 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/08 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/08 11:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/12/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2812721 [pii] AID - zoi231365 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46783 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Dec 1;6(12):e2346783. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46783. PMID- 38049610 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231220 LR - 20261010 IS - 1471-0048 (Electronic) IS - 1471-003X (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - The neurobiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection. PG - 30-42 LID - 10.1038/s41583-023-00769-8 [doi] AB - Worldwide, over 694 million people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, with an estimated 55-60% of those infected developing COVID-19. Since the beginning of the pandemic in December 2019, different variants of concern have appeared and continue to occur. With the emergence of different variants, an increasing rate of vaccination and previous infections, the acute neurological symptomatology of COVID-19 changed. Moreover, 10-45% of individuals with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection experience symptoms even 3 months after disease onset, a condition that has been defined as 'post-COVID-19' by the World Health Organization and that occurs independently of the virus variant. The pathomechanisms of COVID-19-related neurological complaints have become clearer during the past 3 years. To date, there is no overt - that is, truly convincing - evidence for SARS-CoV-2 particles in the brain. In this Review, we put special emphasis on discussing the methodological difficulties of viral detection in CNS tissue and discuss immune-based (systemic and central) effects contributing to COVID-19-related CNS affection. We sequentially review the reported changes to CNS cells in COVID-19, starting with the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier - as systemic factors from the periphery appear to primarily influence barriers and conduits - before we describe changes in brain parenchymal cells, including microglia, astrocytes, neurons and oligodendrocytes as well as cerebral lymphocytes. These findings are critical to understanding CNS affection in acute COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 in order to translate these findings into treatment options, which are still very limited. CI - (c) 2023. Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Meinhardt, Jenny AU - Meinhardt J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0366-2416 AD - Department of Neuropathology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Streit, Simon AU - Streit S AD - Department of Neuropathology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Dittmayer, Carsten AU - Dittmayer C AD - Department of Neuropathology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Manitius, Regina V AU - Manitius RV AD - Department of Neuropathology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Radbruch, Helena AU - Radbruch H AD - Department of Neuropathology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. helena.radbruch@charite.de. FAU - Heppner, Frank L AU - Heppner FL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9816-8917 AD - Department of Neuropathology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. frank.heppner@charite.de. AD - Cluster of Excellence, NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany. frank.heppner@charite.de. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany. frank.heppner@charite.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20231204 PL - England TA - Nat Rev Neurosci JT - Nature reviews. Neuroscience JID - 100962781 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Central Nervous System MH - Brain MH - Blood-Brain Barrier EDAT- 2023/12/05 00:42 MHDA- 2023/12/20 06:43 CRDT- 2023/12/04 23:38 PHST- 2023/11/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/20 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/05 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/04 23:38 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41583-023-00769-8 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41583-023-00769-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Rev Neurosci. 2024 Jan;25(1):30-42. doi: 10.1038/s41583-023-00769-8. Epub 2023 Dec 4. PMID- 38048805 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240122 LR - 20240327 IS - 2666-5247 (Electronic) IS - 2666-5247 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Durability and cross-reactive immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 in individuals 2 years after recovery from COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study. PG - e24-e33 LID - S2666-5247(23)00255-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00255-0 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immunity more than 1 year after initial infection has not been well characterised. The aim of this study was to investigate the durability and cross-reactivity of immunological memory acquired from natural infection against SARS-CoV-2 in individuals recovered from COVID-19 2 years after infection. METHODS: In this longitudinal cohort study, we recruited patients who had recovered from laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital (Wuhan, China) between Jan 7 and May 29, 2020. We carried out three successive follow-ups between June 16 and Sept 3, 2020 (6 months), Dec 16, 2020, and Feb 7, 2021 (1 year), and Nov 16, 2021, and Jan 10, 2022 (2 years), in which blood samples were taken. We included participants who did not have re-infection or receive a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (infected-unvaccinated), and participants who received one to three doses of inactivated vaccine 1-2 years after infection (infected-vaccinated). We evaluated the presence of IgG antibodies, neutralising antibodies, and memory B-cell and memory T-cell responses against the prototype strain and delta and omicron variants. FINDINGS: In infected-unvaccinated participants, neutralising antibody titres continually declined from 6-month to 2-year follow-up visits, with a half-life of about 141.2 days. Neutralising antibody responses to omicron sublineages (BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.4/5, BF.7, BQ.1, and XBB) were poor. Memory B-cell responses to the prototype strain were retained at 2 years and presented cross-reactivity to the delta and omicron BA.1 variants. The magnitude of interferon gamma and T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 were not significantly different between 1 year and 2 years after infection. Multifunctional T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleoprotein were detected in most participants. Recognition of the BA.1 variant by memory T cells was not affected in most individuals. The antibody titres and the frequencies of memory B cells, but not memory T cells, increased in infected-vaccinated participants after they received the inactivated vaccine. INTERPRETATION: This study improves the understanding of the duration of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity without boosting, which has implications for the design of vaccination regimens and programmes. Our data suggest that memory T-cell responses primed by initial viral infection remain highly cross-reactive after 2 years. With the increasing emergence of variants, effective vaccines should be introduced to boost neutralising antibody and overall T-cell responses to newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants. FUNDING: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities for Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Natural Science Foundation, UK Medical Research Council. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Guo, Li AU - Guo L AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Qiao AU - Zhang Q AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Gu, Xiaoying AU - Gu X AD - Department of Clinical Research and Data Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Ren, Lili AU - Ren L AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Huang, Tingxuan AU - Huang T AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Li, Yanan AU - Li Y AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Hui AU - Zhang H AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Ying AU - Liu Y AD - Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. FAU - Zhong, Jingchuan AU - Zhong J AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Xinming AU - Wang X AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Lan AU - Chen L AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Yin AU - Zhang Y AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. FAU - Li, Danyang AU - Li D AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Fang, Meiyu AU - Fang M AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Xu, Liuhui AU - Xu L AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Haibo AU - Li H AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Zai AU - Wang Z AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Hui AU - Li H AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Bai, Tao AU - Bai T AD - Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. FAU - Liu, Wen AU - Liu W AD - Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. FAU - Peng, Yanchun AU - Peng Y AD - Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Dong, Tao AU - Dong T AD - Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Cao, Bin AU - Cao B AD - Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: caobin_ben@163.com. FAU - Wang, Jianwei AU - Wang J AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: wangjw28@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231201 PL - England TA - Lancet Microbe JT - The Lancet. Microbe JID - 101769019 RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cohort Studies MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Vaccines, Inactivated MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC10789611 COIS- Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/12/05 00:41 MHDA- 2024/01/22 06:42 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2023/12/04 18:54 PHST- 2023/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/22 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/05 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/04 18:54 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-5247(23)00255-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00255-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Lancet Microbe. 2024 Jan;5(1):e24-e33. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00255-0. Epub 2023 Dec 1. PMID- 38045702 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231205 LR - 20240327 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on FcgammaRIIIA/CD16 dynamics in Natural Killer cells: relevance for antibody-dependent functions. PG - 1285203 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285203 [doi] LID - 1285203 AB - INTRODUCTION: Natural Killer (NK) cells contribute to the protective effects of vaccine-induced antibodies thanks to the low affinity receptor for IgG, FcgammaRIIIA/CD16, whose aggregation leads to the killing of infected cells and IFNgamma release, through which they potentiate adaptive immune responses. METHODS: Forty-seven healthy young individuals undergoing either homologous (ChAdOx1-S/ChAdOx1-S) or heterologous (ChAdOx1-S/BNT162B2) SARS-CoV-2 vaccination settings were recruited. Peripheral blood samples were collected immediately prior to vaccination and 8 weeks after the booster dose. The phenotypic and functional profile of NK cells was evaluated by flow cytometry at both time points. Serum samples were tested to evaluate circulating anti-Spike IgG levels and cytomegalovirus serostatus. CD16 F158V polymorphism was assessed by sequencing analysis. RESULTS: The downregulation of CD16 and the selective impairment of antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and IFNgamma production in CD56(dim) NK population, persisting 8 weeks after boosting, were observed in heterologous, but not in homologous SARS-CoV-2 vaccination scheme. While the magnitude of CD16-dependent functions of the global CD56(dim) pool correlated with receptor levels before and after vaccination, the responsivity of NKG2C(+) subset, that displays amplified size and functionality in HCMV(+) individuals, resulted intrinsically insensitive to CD16 levels. Individual CD16 responsiveness was also affected by CD16F158V polymorphism; F/F low affinity individuals, characterized by reduced CD16 levels and functions independently of vaccination, did not show post-vaccinal functional impairment with respect to intermediate and high affinity ones, despite a comparable CD16 downregulation. Further, CD16 high affinity ligation conditions by means of afucosylated mAb overcame vaccine-induced and genotype-dependent functional defects. Finally, the preservation of CD16 expression directly correlated with anti-Spike IgG titer, hinting that the individual magnitude of receptor-dependent functions may contribute to the amplification of the vaccinal response. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a durable downmodulation of CD16 levels and Ab-dependent NK functions after SARS-CoV-2 heterologous vaccination, and highlights the impact of genetic and environmental host-related factors in modulating NK cell susceptibility to post-vaccinal Fc-dependent functional impairment. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Capuano, De Federicis, Ciuti, Turriziani, Angeloni, Anastasi, Giannini, Belardinilli, Molfetta, Alvaro, Palmieri and Galandrini. FAU - Capuano, Cristina AU - Capuano C AD - Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Rome, Italy. FAU - De Federicis, Davide AU - De Federicis D AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Ciuti, Daniel AU - Ciuti D AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Turriziani, Ombretta AU - Turriziani O AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Angeloni, Antonio AU - Angeloni A AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Anastasi, Emanuela AU - Anastasi E AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Giannini, Giuseppe AU - Giannini G AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Belardinilli, Francesca AU - Belardinilli F AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Molfetta, Rosa AU - Molfetta R AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Alvaro, Domenico AU - Alvaro D AD - Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Palmieri, Gabriella AU - Palmieri G AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Galandrini, Ricciarda AU - Galandrini R AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231116 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/metabolism MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/metabolism MH - Killer Cells, Natural MH - Antibodies, Viral/metabolism MH - Vaccination MH - Immunoglobulin G/metabolism PMC - PMC10693335 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADCC OT - CD16 OT - CD16 polymorphism OT - IFNgamma OT - NK cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccine OT - memory NK cells COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationship that could be constructed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/12/04 06:42 MHDA- 2023/12/05 17:44 PMCR- 2023/01/01 CRDT- 2023/12/04 04:43 PHST- 2023/08/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/05 17:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/04 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/04 04:43 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285203 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Nov 16;14:1285203. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285203. eCollection 2023. PMID- 38038432 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240104 LR - 20250415 IS - 1098-5514 (Electronic) IS - 0022-538X (Print) IS - 0022-538X (Linking) VI - 97 IP - 12 DP - 2023 Dec 21 TI - A multi-epitope/CXCL11 prime/pull coronavirus mucosal vaccine boosts the frequency and the function of lung-resident memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and enhanced protection against COVID-19-like symptoms and death caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. PG - e0109623 LID - 10.1128/jvi.01096-23 [doi] LID - e01096-23 AB - Although the current rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections has decreased significantly, COVID-19 still ranks very high as a cause of death worldwide. As of October 2023, the weekly mortality rate is still at 600 deaths in the United States alone, which surpasses even the worst mortality rates recorded for influenza. Thus, the long-term outlook of COVID-19 is still a serious concern outlining the need for the next-generation vaccine. This study found that a prime/pull coronavirus vaccine strategy increased the frequency of functional SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory T cells in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected triple transgenic HLA-DR*0101/HLA-A*0201/hACE2 mouse model, thereby resulting in low viral titer and reduced COVID-19-like symptoms. FAU - Zayou, Latifa AU - Zayou L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-3049-4140 AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. AD - Laboratory of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco. FAU - Prakash, Swayam AU - Prakash S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3986-890X AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Dhanushkodi, Nisha Rajeswari AU - Dhanushkodi NR AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Quadiri, Afshana AU - Quadiri A AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Ibraim, Izabela Coimbra AU - Ibraim IC AD - High containment facility, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Singer, Mahmoud AU - Singer M AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Salem, Amirah AU - Salem A AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Shaik, Amin Mohammed AU - Shaik AM AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Suzer, Berfin AU - Suzer B AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Chilukuri, Amruth AU - Chilukuri A AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Tran, Jennifer AU - Tran J AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Nguyen, Pauline Chau AU - Nguyen PC AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Sun, Miyo AU - Sun M AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Hormi-Carver, Kathy K AU - Hormi-Carver KK AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Belmouden, Ahmed AU - Belmouden A AD - Laboratory of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco. FAU - Vahed, Hawa AU - Vahed H AD - Department of Vaccines and Immunotherapies, TechImmune, LLC, University Lab Partners, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Gil, Daniel AU - Gil D AD - Department of Vaccines and Immunotherapies, TechImmune, LLC, University Lab Partners, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Ulmer, Jeffrey B AU - Ulmer JB AD - Department of Vaccines and Immunotherapies, TechImmune, LLC, University Lab Partners, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - BenMohamed, Lbachir AU - BenMohamed L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9468-2521 AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. AD - Department of Vaccines and Immunotherapies, TechImmune, LLC, University Lab Partners, Irvine, California, USA. AD - Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. AD - Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. LA - eng GR - R41 AI138764/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI143348/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R43 AI174383/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI158060/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R43 AI124911/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI150091/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI143326/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI110902/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI147499/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20231201 PL - United States TA - J Virol JT - Journal of virology JID - 0113724 RN - 0 (Chemokine CXCL11) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (CXCL11 protein, human) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - Mice MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Chemokine CXCL11/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Epitopes MH - Lung/immunology/virology MH - SARS-CoV-2/physiology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Disease Models, Animal PMC - PMC10734477 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8+ T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - CXCL-11 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - lungs OT - memory CD4+ COIS- L.B.M. has an equity interest in TechImmune, LLC, a company that may potentially benefit from the research results and serves on the company's Scientific Advisory Board. L.B.M.'s relationship with TechImmune, LLC has been reviewed and approved by the University of California, Irvine, in accordance with its conflict-of-interest policies. EDAT- 2023/12/01 12:42 MHDA- 2023/12/22 06:42 PMCR- 2023/12/01 CRDT- 2023/12/01 09:02 PHST- 2023/12/22 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/01 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/01 09:02 [entrez] PHST- 2023/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 01096-23 [pii] AID - jvi.01096-23 [pii] AID - 10.1128/jvi.01096-23 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Virol. 2023 Dec 21;97(12):e0109623. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01096-23. Epub 2023 Dec 1. PMID- 38027416 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250530 IS - 2754-0413 (Electronic) IS - 2754-0413 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 1 DP - 2023 TI - T cell immune memory after covid-19 and vaccination. PG - e000468 LID - 10.1136/bmjmed-2022-000468 [doi] LID - e000468 AB - The T cell memory response is a crucial component of adaptive immunity responsible for limiting or preventing viral reinfection. T cell memory after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus or vaccination is broad, and spans multiple viral proteins and epitopes, about 20 in each individual. So far the T cell memory response is long lasting and provides a high level of cross reactivity and hence resistance to viral escape by variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, such as the omicron variant. All current vaccine regimens tested produce robust T cell memory responses, and heterologous regimens will probably enhance protective responses through increased breadth. T cell memory could have a major role in protecting against severe covid-19 disease through rapid viral clearance and early presentation of epitopes, and the presence of cross reactive T cells might enhance this protection. T cell memory is likely to provide ongoing protection against admission to hospital and death, and the development of a pan-coronovirus vaccine might future proof against new pandemic strains. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. FAU - Wang, Lulu AU - Wang L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7437-5968 AD - Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. FAU - Nicols, Alex AU - Nicols A AD - Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. FAU - Turtle, Lance AU - Turtle L AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Richter, Alex AU - Richter A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2885-1299 AD - Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. FAU - Duncan, Christopher Ja AU - Duncan CJ AD - Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. AD - Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK. FAU - Dunachie, Susanna J AU - Dunachie SJ AD - NDM Centre For Global Health Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University Faculty of Science, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Klenerman, Paul AU - Klenerman P AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK. AD - Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Payne, Rebecca P AU - Payne RP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9037-7367 AD - Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - MR/W020653/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/W02067X/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20231122 PL - England TA - BMJ Med JT - BMJ medicine JID - 9918487584306676 PMC - PMC10668147 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Covid-19 OT - Immunology OT - Respiratory tract infections COIS- Competing interests: We have read and understood the BMJ policy on declaration of interests and declare the following interests: CJAD has done consultancy for Synairgen and Moderna, has been an investigator on commercial SARS-CoV-2 vaccine studies (AstraZeneca, Moderna, and Valneva), receives current research funding from UK MRC, and previous funding from DHSC, Wellcome, and Barbour Foundation; LT has received consulting fees from MHRA, and from AstraZeneca and Synairgen, paid to the University of Liverpool, speakers' fees from Eisai Ltd, and support for conference attendance from AstraZeneca. PK has done consultancy work for Astra Zeneca, UCB, MedImmuneBio, GlaxoSimthKline, Ysios, Biomunex, and Infinitopes, has received competitive grant funding for basic science investigations of inflammatory bowel disease from Pfizer and Johnson&Jonhson through external grant award schemes, and has been granted a patent to generate anticancer vaccines using adenovirus vectors with CRUK; SJD is a member of the UK government's New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group; AR is co-investigator in a phase III study evaluation of a monoclonal antibody for pre-exposure prophylaxis with GlaxoSmithKline and received compensation from Takaeda and CSL Biotechnology for conference attendances invited talks. EDAT- 2023/11/29 18:43 MHDA- 2023/11/29 18:44 PMCR- 2023/11/22 CRDT- 2023/11/29 17:04 PHST- 2023/04/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/29 18:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/29 18:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/29 17:04 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjmed-2022-000468 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjmed-2022-000468 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Med. 2023 Nov 22;2(1):e000468. doi: 10.1136/bmjmed-2022-000468. eCollection 2023. PMID- 38015183 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231129 LR - 20250803 IS - 1539-736X (Electronic) IS - 0022-3018 (Linking) VI - 211 IP - 12 DP - 2023 Dec 1 TI - Drawing the Line Between Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19 and Functional Neurologic Disorders: A Daunting Clinical Overlap or Irrelevant Conundrum? PG - 882-889 LID - 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001643 [doi] AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in its multiple variants that classically presents with cough, fatigue, fever, headache, myalgias, and diarrhea. As vaccination becomes widely available and infection rates facilitate herd immunity across the globe, more attention has been given to long-term symptoms that may persist after the index infection, which include impairments in concentration, executive dysfunction, sensory disturbances, depression, anxiety, fatigue, and cough, among other symptoms classified under the umbrella term of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC).Functional neurologic disorder (FND), also known as conversion disorder and functional neurologic symptom disorder, refers to the presence of one or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function that are incompatible with and not better explained by a known neurological or medical condition that causes significant distress and functional impairment. Although the diagnosis of FND may not require the identification of an underlying psychological stressor, being diagnosed with an FND can worsen stigma and shift attention and resources away from other medical concerns that should be concomitantly addressed.This review summarizes the literature on the overlapping nature and discrimination of PASC from FND in COVID-19 survivors. Based on this, we develop a treatment framework that targets unique domains of these complex overlapping presentations, following a multidisciplinary approach with an individualized treatment plan inclusive of physical and psychological interventions focused on functional rehabilitation. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Sales, Paulo M G AU - Sales PMG AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. FAU - Greenfield, Melissa J AU - Greenfield MJ AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. FAU - Pinkhasov, Aaron AU - Pinkhasov A AD - Department of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola. FAU - Viswanathan, Ramaswamy AU - Viswanathan R AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York. FAU - Saunders, Ramotse AU - Saunders R AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. FAU - Huremovic, Damir AU - Huremovic D AD - Department of Psychiatry, North Shore University Hospital at Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - J Nerv Ment Dis JT - The Journal of nervous and mental disease JID - 0375402 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Cough MH - *Conversion Disorder MH - Disease Progression MH - Fatigue MH - *Nervous System Diseases/etiology EDAT- 2023/11/28 12:42 MHDA- 2023/11/29 06:43 CRDT- 2023/11/28 10:43 PHST- 2023/11/29 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/28 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/28 10:43 [entrez] AID - 00005053-202312000-00002 [pii] AID - 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001643 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nerv Ment Dis. 2023 Dec 1;211(12):882-889. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001643. PMID- 38013969 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250606 IS - 2772-6134 (Electronic) IS - 2772-6134 (Linking) VI - 2 DP - 2022 Dec TI - Memory T cell responses in seronegative older adults following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. PG - 154-158 LID - 10.1016/j.clicom.2022.09.005 [doi] AB - Generating memory T cell responses besides humoral immune responses is essential when it comes to the efficacy of a vaccine. In this study, the presence of memory T cell responses after aluminum-adjuvanted inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) in seronegative and seropositive elderly individuals were examined. CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production capacities were evaluated. Additionally, clinical frailty scale (CFS) and FRAIL scales of the individuals were scored. CD4(+) memory T cell responses more prominent than CD8(+) memory T cells. In seronegative individuals, 80% of them had memory CD4(+) and IFN-gamma, whereas 50% of them had memory CD4(+) and all of them had IFN-gamma responses. Additionally, 40% of seronegative patients and 50% of seropositive patients had memory CD8(+) responses. To sum up, humoral immune responses are not associated with memory T cell responses, and in seronegative individuals, memory T cell responses can be detected. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Hafizoglu, Merve AU - Hafizoglu M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Bas, Arzu Okyar AU - Bas AO AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Tavukcuoglu, Ece AU - Tavukcuoglu E AD - Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Sahiner, Zeynep AU - Sahiner Z AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Oytun, Merve Guner AU - Oytun MG AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Uluturk, Sila AU - Uluturk S AD - Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Yanik, Hamdullah AU - Yanik H AD - Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Dogu, Burcu Balam AU - Dogu BB AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Cankurtaran, Mustafa AU - Cankurtaran M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Esendagli, Gunes AU - Esendagli G AD - Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Akbiyik, Filiz AU - Akbiyik F AD - Ankara City Hospital Siemens Healthineers Laboratory, Enterprise Services & Solutions, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Cakir, Banu AU - Cakir B AD - Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Unal, Serhat AU - Unal S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Halil, Meltem Gulhan AU - Halil MG AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220929 PL - United States TA - Clin Immunol Commun JT - Clinical immunology communications JID - 9918697481206676 PMC - PMC9529214 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Memory T cell responses OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/11/28 06:42 MHDA- 2023/11/28 06:43 PMCR- 2022/09/29 CRDT- 2023/11/28 03:57 PHST- 2022/08/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/28 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/28 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/28 03:57 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2772-6134(22)00025-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clicom.2022.09.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Immunol Commun. 2022 Dec;2:154-158. doi: 10.1016/j.clicom.2022.09.005. Epub 2022 Sep 29. PMID- 38010392 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231129 LR - 20240222 IS - 1365-2060 (Electronic) IS - 0785-3890 (Print) IS - 0785-3890 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 2 DP - 2023 TI - Development and validation of prediction models for poor sleep quality among older adults in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. PG - 2285910 LID - 10.1080/07853890.2023.2285910 [doi] LID - 2285910 AB - BACKGROUND: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a significant impact on sleep quality. However, the effects on sleep quality in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era remain unclear, and there is a lack of a screening tool for Chinese older adults. This study aimed to understand the prevalence of poor sleep quality and determine sensitive variables to develop an effective prediction model for screening sleep problems during infectious diseases outbreaks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Peking University Health Cohort included 10,156 participants enrolled from April to May 2023. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale was used to assess sleep quality. The data were randomly divided into a training-testing cohort (n = 7109, 70%) and an independent validation cohort (n = 3027, 30%). Five prediction models with 10-fold cross validation including the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), Stochastic Volatility Model (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and XGBoost model based on the area under curve (AUC) were used to develop and validate predictors. RESULTS: The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI >7) was 30.69% (3117/10,156). Among the generated models, the LASSO model outperformed SVM (AUC 0.579), RF (AUC 0.626), ANN (AUC 0.615) and XGBoost (AUC 0.606), with an AUC of 0.7. Finally, a total of 12 variables related to sleep quality were used as parameters in the prediction models. These variables included age, gender, ethnicity, educational level, residence, marital status, history of chronic diseases, SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 vaccination, social support, depressive symptoms, and cognitive impairment among older adults during the post-COVID-19 pandemic. The nomogram illustrated that depressive symptoms contributed the most to the prediction of poor sleep quality, followed by age and residence. CONCLUSIONS: This nomogram, based on twelve-variable, could potentially serve as a practical and reliable tool for early identification of poor sleep quality among older adults during the post-pandemic period. FAU - Du, Min AU - Du M AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Manchang AU - Li M AD - Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunan, China. FAU - Yu, Xuejun AU - Yu X AD - Jinfang Community Health Center, Anning Medical Community, Yunan, China. FAU - Wang, Shiping AU - Wang S AD - Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunan, China. FAU - Wang, Yaping AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Yan, Wenxin AU - Yan W AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Qiao AU - Liu Q AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Min AU - Liu M AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Jue AU - Liu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1938-9365 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Beijing, China. AD - Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231127 PL - England TA - Ann Med JT - Annals of medicine JID - 8906388 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Sleep Quality PMC - PMC10836252 OAB - The poor sleep quality (PSQI >7) was still prevalent among older adults during the post-COVID-19 pandemic.The LASSO model was the best model to predict poor sleep quality among older adults, compared with SVM, RF, ANN and XGBoost.This prediction model, based on twelve variables, may potentially serve as a practical and reliable tool for the early identification of poor sleep quality among older adults during the post-pandemic period. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID OT - Sleep quality OT - machine learning OT - older adults OT - regression model COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/11/27 12:41 MHDA- 2023/11/29 06:42 PMCR- 2023/11/27 CRDT- 2023/11/27 11:04 PHST- 2023/11/29 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/27 12:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/27 11:04 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2285910 [pii] AID - 10.1080/07853890.2023.2285910 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Med. 2023;55(2):2285910. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2285910. Epub 2023 Nov 27. PMID- 38005968 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231127 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 11 DP - 2023 Oct 25 TI - Comparative Immune Response after Vaccination with SOBERANA((R)) 02 and SOBERANA((R)) plus Heterologous Scheme and Natural Infection in Young Children. LID - 10.3390/vaccines11111636 [doi] LID - 1636 AB - (1) Background: In children, SARS-CoV-2 infection is mostly accompanied by mild COVID-19 symptoms. However, multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) and long-term sequelae are often severe complications. Therefore, the protection of the pediatric population against SARS-CoV-2 with effective vaccines is particularly important. Here, we compare the humoral and cellular immune responses elicited in children (n = 15, aged 5-11 years) vaccinated with the RBD-based vaccines SOBERANA((R)) 02 and SOBERANA((R)) Plus combined in a heterologous scheme with those from children (n = 10, aged 4-11 years) who recovered from mild symptomatic COVID-19. (2) Methods: Blood samples were taken 14 days after the last dose for vaccinated children and 45-60 days after the infection diagnosis for COVID-19 recovered children. Anti-RBD IgG and ACE2-RBD inhibition were assessed by ELISA; IgA, cytokines, and cytotoxic-related proteins were determined by multiplex assays. Total B and T cell subpopulations and IFN-gamma release were measured by multiparametric flow cytometry using a large panel of antibodies after in vitro stimulation with S1 peptides. (3) Results: Significant higher levels of specific anti-RBD IgG and IgA and ACE2-RBD inhibition capacity were found in vaccinated children in comparison to COVID-19 recovered children. Th1-like and Th2-like CD4(+) T cells were also significantly higher in vaccinated subjects. IFN-gamma secretion was higher in central memory CD4(+) T cells of COVID-19 recovered children, but no differences between both groups were found in the CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell effector, terminal effector, and naive T cell subpopulations. In contrast to low levels of IL-4, high levels of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-gamma, and IL-10 suggest a predominant Th1 cell polarization. Cytotoxic-related proteins granzyme A and B, perforin, and granulin were also found in the supernatant after S1 stimulation in both vaccinated and recovered children. (4) Conclusions: Vaccination with the heterologous scheme of SOBERANA((R)) 02/SOBERANA((R)) Plus induces a stronger antibody and cellular immune response compared to natural infections in young children. FAU - Perez-Nicado, Rocmira AU - Perez-Nicado R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1657-6130 AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Massa, Chiara AU - Massa C AD - Institute for Translational Immunology, Brandenburg Medical School "Theodor Fontane", 14770 Brandenburg, Germany. AD - Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany. FAU - Rodriguez-Noda, Laura Marta AU - Rodriguez-Noda LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0171-4681 AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Muller, Anja AU - Muller A AD - Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany. FAU - Puga-Gomez, Rinaldo AU - Puga-Gomez R AD - Pediatric Hospital "Juan Manuel Marquez", Havana 11500, Cuba. FAU - Ricardo-Delgado, Yariset AU - Ricardo-Delgado Y AD - Pediatric Hospital "Juan Manuel Marquez", Havana 11500, Cuba. FAU - Paredes-Moreno, Beatriz AU - Paredes-Moreno B AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Meiby AU - Rodriguez-Gonzalez M AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Garcia-Ferrer, Maryle AU - Garcia-Ferrer M AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Palmero-Alvarez, Ilianet AU - Palmero-Alvarez I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0543-7271 AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Garces-Hechavarria, Aniurka AU - Garces-Hechavarria A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4574-5861 AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Rivera, Daniel G AU - Rivera DG AD - Laboratory of Synthetic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba. FAU - Valdes-Balbin, Yury AU - Valdes-Balbin Y AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Verez-Bencomo, Vicente AU - Verez-Bencomo V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5596-6847 AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Garcia-Rivera, Dagmar AU - Garcia-Rivera D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2099-1791 AD - Finlay Vaccine Institute, 200 and 21 Street, Havana 11600, Cuba. FAU - Seliger, Barbara AU - Seliger B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5544-4958 AD - Institute for Translational Immunology, Brandenburg Medical School "Theodor Fontane", 14770 Brandenburg, Germany. AD - Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany. AD - Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. LA - eng GR - Project GLACIER 57592717/DAAD Germany/ GR - contract 2020-20/National Funds for Sciences and Technology from the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment (FONCI-CITMA-Cuba, ./ GR - Grant for Barbara Seliger/Saxony-Anhalt/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231025 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC10675375 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG OT - children OT - memory T cell OT - vaccine COIS- The authors R.P.-N., L.M.R.-N., B.P.-M., M.R.-G., M.G.-F., I.P.-A., A.G.-H., Y.V.-B., D.G.-R. and V.V.-B. declare to be employees at Finlay Vaccine Institute. EDAT- 2023/11/25 12:43 MHDA- 2023/11/25 12:44 PMCR- 2023/10/25 CRDT- 2023/11/25 01:30 PHST- 2023/09/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/10/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/25 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/25 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/25 01:30 [entrez] PHST- 2023/10/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11111636 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-01636 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11111636 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Oct 25;11(11):1636. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11111636. PMID- 37990079 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240311 LR - 20261010 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) VI - 95 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Mar TI - Children with severe neurological symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection during Omicron pandemic in China. PG - 1088-1094 LID - 10.1038/s41390-023-02904-8 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with severe neurological symptoms associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during the Omicron pandemic in China. METHODS: This study used a questionnaire to obtain data from pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) centers in seven tertiary hospitals in Northeast China from December 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023. RESULTS: A total of 255 patients were confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 45 patients (17.65 %) were included in this study. Of these, seven (15.6%) patients died, and the median time from admission to death was 35 h (IQR, 14-120 h). Twenty (52.6%) survivors experienced neurological sequelae. Patients with platelet counts lower than 100 x 10(9)/L had a higher incidence of complications such as multiple organ dysfunction, mechanical ventilation rate, and mortality. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) always reveals cerebral tissue edema, with some severe lesions forming a softening site. CONCLUSION: Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 often exhibit severe neurological symptoms, and in some cases, they may rapidly develop malignant cerebral edema or herniation, leading to a fatal outcome. An early decrease in platelet count may associated with an unfavorable prognosis. IMPACT: Since early December 2022, China has gradually adjusted its prevention and control policy of SARS-CoV-2; Omicron outbreaks have occurred in some areas for a relatively short period. Due to the differences in ethnicity, endemic strains and vaccination status, there was a little difference from what has been reported about children with SARS-CoV-2 infection with severe neurological symptoms in abroad. This is the first multicenter clinical study in children with nervous system involvement after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in China, and helpful for pediatricians to have a more comprehensive understanding of the clinical symptoms and prognosis of such disease. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. FAU - Zhang, Tao AU - Zhang T AD - Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. FAU - Zhang, Qiao-Feng AU - Zhang QF AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dalian Women and Children's Medical Group, Dalian, China. FAU - Yang, Hong-Mei AU - Yang HM AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dalian Women and Children's Medical Group, Dalian, China. FAU - Liu, Pin AU - Liu P AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shenyang Children's Hospital, Shenyang, China. FAU - Sun, Peng AU - Sun P AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shenyang Children's Hospital, Shenyang, China. FAU - Li, Yu-Mei AU - Li YM AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhen AU - Zhang Z AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. FAU - Huang, Yan-Zhi AU - Huang YZ AD - Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, China. FAU - Yu, Xin-Yan AU - Yu XY AD - Department of Critical Medicine, Jiangnan Hospital of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (Harbin Children's Hospital), Harbin, China. FAU - Chao-Lu-Men, Qi-Qi-Ge AU - Chao-Lu-Men QQ AD - Department of Intensive Care Unit, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, China. FAU - Su, Qin AU - Su Q AD - Department of Intensive Care Unit, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, China. FAU - Liu, Chun-Feng AU - Liu CF AD - Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. zhliu258@hotmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231121 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Pandemics MH - *Brain Edema MH - China/epidemiology MH - Retrospective Studies EDAT- 2023/11/22 06:42 MHDA- 2024/03/11 06:43 CRDT- 2023/11/22 00:43 PHST- 2023/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/11 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/22 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/22 00:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-023-02904-8 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-023-02904-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Res. 2024 Mar;95(4):1088-1094. doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02904-8. Epub 2023 Nov 21. PMID- 37989107 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231226 LR - 20250605 IS - 1662-8128 (Electronic) IS - 1662-811X (Print) IS - 1662-811X (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2023 TI - Human Monocytes Exposed to SARS-CoV-2 Display Features of Innate Immune Memory Producing High Levels of CXCL10 upon Restimulation. PG - 911-924 LID - 10.1159/000535120 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: A role for innate immune memory in protection during COVID-19 infection or vaccination has been recently reported. However, no study so far has shown whether the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can train innate immune cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this virus can induce trained immunity in human monocytes. METHODS: Monocytes were exposed to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (iSARS-CoV-2) for 24 h, followed by a resting period in the medium only and a secondary stimulation on day 6 after which the cytokine/chemokine and transcriptomic profiles were determined. RESULTS: Compared to untrained cells, the iSARS-CoV-2-trained monocytes secreted significantly higher levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, CXCL10, CXCL9, and CXCL11 upon restimulation. Transcriptome analysis of iSARS-CoV-2-trained monocytes revealed increased expression of several inflammatory genes. As epigenetic and metabolic modifications are hallmarks of trained immunity, we analyzed the expression of genes related to these processes. Findings indicate that indeed SARS-CoV-2-trained monocytes show changes in the expression of genes involved in metabolic pathways including the tricarboxylic acid cycle, amino acid metabolism, and the expression of several epigenetic regulator genes. Using epigenetic inhibitors that block histone methyl and acetyltransferases, we observed that the capacity of monocytes to be trained by iSARS-CoV-2 was abolished. CONCLUSION: Overall, our findings indicate that iSARS-CoV-2 can induce properties associated with trained immunity in human monocytes. These results contribute to the knowledge required for improving vaccination strategies to prevent infectious diseases. CI - (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. FAU - Cvetkovic, Jelena AU - Cvetkovic J AD - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Utrecht, The Netherlands. FAU - Jacobi, Ronald H J AU - Jacobi RHJ AD - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Utrecht, The Netherlands. FAU - Miranda-Bedate, Alberto AU - Miranda-Bedate A AD - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Utrecht, The Netherlands. FAU - Pham, Nhung AU - Pham N AD - Department of Bioinformatics - BiGCaT, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. AD - Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Kutmon, Martina AU - Kutmon M AD - Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Groot, James AU - Groot J AD - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Utrecht, The Netherlands. FAU - van de Garde, Martijn D B AU - van de Garde MDB AD - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Utrecht, The Netherlands. FAU - Pinelli, Elena AU - Pinelli E AD - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Utrecht, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231121 PL - Switzerland TA - J Innate Immun JT - Journal of innate immunity JID - 101469471 RN - 0 (CXCL10 protein, human) RN - 0 (Chemokine CXCL10) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Monocytes MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Trained Immunity MH - Immunity, Innate MH - *COVID-19 MH - Chemokine CXCL10/metabolism PMC - PMC10718582 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CXCL10 OT - Monocytes OT - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 OT - Trained immunity COIS- The authors declare no commercial relationships that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted manuscript. EDAT- 2023/11/22 00:42 MHDA- 2023/12/26 06:41 PMCR- 2023/11/21 CRDT- 2023/11/21 18:32 PHST- 2023/06/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/26 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/22 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/21 18:32 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 000535120 [pii] AID - 535120 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000535120 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Innate Immun. 2023;15(1):911-924. doi: 10.1159/000535120. Epub 2023 Nov 21. PMID- 37988251 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231123 LR - 20241102 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Print) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 95 IP - 11 DP - 2023 Nov TI - The breadth of the neutralizing antibody response to original SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked to the presence of Long COVID symptoms. PG - e29216 LID - 10.1002/jmv.29216 [doi] AB - The associations between longitudinal dynamics and the breadth of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) response with various Long COVID phenotypes before vaccination are not known. The capacity of antibodies to cross-neutralize a variety of viral variants may be associated with ongoing pathology and persistent symptoms. We measured longitudinal neutralizing and cross-neutralizing antibody responses to pre- and post-SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants in participants infected early in the COVID-19 pandemic, before widespread rollout of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Cross-sectional regression models adjusted for clinical covariates and longitudinal mixed-effects models were used to determine the impact of the breadth and rate of decay of neutralizing responses on the development of Long COVID symptoms, as well as Long COVID phenotypes. We identified several novel relationships between SARS-CoV-2 antibody neutralization and the presence of Long COVID symptoms. Specifically, we show that, although nAb responses to the original, infecting strain of SARS-CoV-2 were not associated with Long COVID in cross-sectional analyses, cross-neutralization ID(50) levels to the Omicron BA.5 variant approximately 4 months following acute infection was independently and significantly associated with greater odds of Long COVID and with persistent gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms. Longitudinal modeling demonstrated significant associations in the overall levels and rates of decay of neutralization capacity with Long COVID phenotypes. A higher proportion of participants had antibodies capable of neutralizing Omicron BA.5 compared with BA.1 or XBB.1.5 variants. Our findings suggest that relationships between various immune responses and Long COVID are likely complex but may involve the breadth of antibody neutralization responses. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Buck, Amanda M AU - Buck AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7193-0617 AD - Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Deitchman, Amelia N AU - Deitchman AN AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Takahashi, Saki AU - Takahashi S AD - Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Lu, Scott AU - Lu S AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Goldberg, Sarah A AU - Goldberg SA AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Bodansky, Aaron AU - Bodansky A AD - Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Kung, Andrew AU - Kung A AD - Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Hoh, Rebecca AU - Hoh R AD - Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Williams, Meghann C AU - Williams MC AD - Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Kerbleski, Marian AU - Kerbleski M AD - Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Maison, David P AU - Maison DP AD - Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Deveau, Tyler-Marie AU - Deveau TM AD - Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Munter, Sadie E AU - Munter SE AD - Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Lombardo, James AU - Lombardo J AD - Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Wrin, Terri AU - Wrin T AD - Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Petropoulos, Christos J AU - Petropoulos CJ AD - Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Durstenfeld, Matthew S AU - Durstenfeld MS AD - Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Hsue, Priscilla Y AU - Hsue PY AD - Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Kelly, J Daniel AU - Kelly JD AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Greenhouse, Bryan AU - Greenhouse B AD - Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Martin, Jeffrey N AU - Martin JN AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Deeks, Steven G AU - Deeks SG AD - Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Peluso, Michael J AU - Peluso MJ AD - Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. FAU - Henrich, Timothy J AU - Henrich TJ AD - Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. LA - eng GR - K24 AI174971/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 AI162249/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K12 HL143961/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI141003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - L30 AI147159/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K24 AI144048/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 AI157875/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - L30 AI126521/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 AI146268/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2023 Mar 31:2023.03.30.23287923. doi: 10.1101/2023.03.30.23287923. PMID: 37034660 MH - Humans MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC10754238 MID - NIHMS1942195 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 OT - Long COVID OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) COIS- Conflicts of Interest: MJP reports consulting fees for Gilead Sciences and AstraZeneca, outside the submitted work. TJH receives grant support from Merck and Co. and has consulted for Roche and Regeneron. EDAT- 2023/11/21 18:43 MHDA- 2023/11/23 06:42 PMCR- 2024/11/01 CRDT- 2023/11/21 12:34 PHST- 2023/10/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/23 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/21 18:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/21 12:34 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1002/jmv.29216 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2023 Nov;95(11):e29216. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29216. PMID- 37976348 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231120 LR - 20231214 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 89 DP - 2023 Nov 17 TI - Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity following breakthrough infection builds upon the preexisting memory B cell pool. PG - eadk5845 LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk5845 [doi] AB - The human immune response must continuously adapt to newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. To investigate how B cells respond to repeated SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure by Wu01 booster vaccination and Omicron breakthrough infection, we performed a molecular longitudinal analysis of the memory B cell pool. We demonstrate that a subsequent breakthrough infection substantially increases the frequency of B cells encoding SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies. However, this is not primarily attributable to maturation, but to selection of preexisting B cell clones. Moreover, broadly reactive memory B cells arose early and even neutralized highly mutated variants like XBB.1.5 that the individuals had not encountered. Together, our data show that SARS-CoV-2 immunity is largely imprinted on Wu01 over the course of multiple antigen contacts but can respond to new variants through preexisting diversity. FAU - Weber, Timm AU - Weber T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2079-842X AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Dahling, Sabrina AU - Dahling S AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Rose, Svea AU - Rose S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1993-8034 AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Affeldt, Patrick AU - Affeldt P AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Department II of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Vanshylla, Kanika AU - Vanshylla K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4552-9170 AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Ullrich, Leon AU - Ullrich L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4358-0717 AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Gieselmann, Lutz AU - Gieselmann L AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Teipel, Finn AU - Teipel F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8672-7443 AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Gruell, Henning AU - Gruell H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0725-7138 AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Di Cristanziano, Veronica AU - Di Cristanziano V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1604-8386 AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Kim, Dae Sung AU - Kim DS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3191-437X AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA. FAU - Georgiou, George AU - Georgiou G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8823-3073 AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA. AD - Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA. AD - Department of Oncology, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA. FAU - Koch, Manuel AU - Koch M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2962-7814 AD - Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Kreer, Christoph AU - Kreer C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9140-9850 AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Klein, Florian AU - Klein F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1376-1792 AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231117 PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Memory B Cells MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - Antibodies, Viral EDAT- 2023/11/17 18:42 MHDA- 2023/11/20 06:54 CRDT- 2023/11/17 14:03 PHST- 2023/11/20 06:54 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/17 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/17 14:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk5845 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2023 Nov 17;8(89):eadk5845. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk5845. Epub 2023 Nov 17. PMID- 37951998 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231113 LR - 20260127 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Nov 11 TI - Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and risk of long COVID symptoms: a retrospective cohort study. PG - 19688 LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-46912-4 [doi] LID - 19688 AB - We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess whether treatment with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was associated with a reduced risk of long COVID. We enrolled 500 adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 who were eligible for nirmatrelvir/ritonavir; 250 who took nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and 250 who did not. The primary outcome was the development of one or more of eleven prespecified long COVID symptoms, assessed through a structured telephone interview four months after the positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Multivariable logistic regression models controlled for age, sex, race/ethnicity, chronic conditions, and COVID-19 vaccination status. We found that participants who took nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were no less likely to develop long COVID symptoms, compared to those who did not take the medication (44% vs. 49.6%, p = 0.21). Taking nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was associated with a lower odds of two of the eleven long COVID symptoms, brain fog (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.38-0.88) and chest pain/tightness (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28-0.91). Our finding that treatment with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was not associated with a lower risk of developing long COVID is different from prior studies that obtained data only from electronic medical records. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Congdon, Seth AU - Congdon S AD - Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA. scongdon@montefiore.org. FAU - Narrowe, Zev AU - Narrowe Z AD - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. FAU - Yone, Nang AU - Yone N AD - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. FAU - Gunn, Jacob AU - Gunn J AD - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. FAU - Deng, Yuting AU - Deng Y AD - Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA. FAU - Nori, Priya AU - Nori P AD - Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA. FAU - Cowman, Kelsie AU - Cowman K AD - Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA. FAU - Islam, Marjan AU - Islam M AD - Department of Critical Care Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA. FAU - Rikin, Sharon AU - Rikin S AD - Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA. FAU - Starrels, Joanna AU - Starrels J AD - Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231111 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - O3J8G9O825 (Ritonavir) RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - 7R9A5P7H32 (nirmatrelvir) RN - 0 (Lactams) RN - GMW67QNF9C (Leucine) RN - 0 (Nitriles) RN - 9DLQ4CIU6V (Proline) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Drug Treatment MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Ritonavir/therapeutic use MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Chest Pain MH - Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use MH - Lactams MH - Leucine MH - Nitriles MH - Proline PMC - PMC10640584 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/11/12 00:42 MHDA- 2023/11/13 06:42 PMCR- 2023/11/11 CRDT- 2023/11/11 23:30 PHST- 2023/08/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/13 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/12 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/11 23:30 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-46912-4 [pii] AID - 46912 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-46912-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 11;13(1):19688. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-46912-4. PMID- 37945737 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240125 LR - 20250319 IS - 2042-0226 (Electronic) IS - 1672-7681 (Print) IS - 1672-7681 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Feb TI - B-cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2: infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity. PG - 144-158 LID - 10.1038/s41423-023-01095-w [doi] AB - The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019 prompted scientific, medical, and biotech communities to investigate infection- and vaccine-induced immune responses in the context of this pathogen. B-cell and antibody responses are at the center of these investigations, as neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are an important correlate of protection (COP) from infection and the primary target of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine modalities. In addition to absolute levels, nAb longevity, neutralization breadth, immunoglobulin isotype and subtype composition, and presence at mucosal sites have become important topics for scientists and health policy makers. The recent pandemic was and still is a unique setting in which to study de novo and memory B-cell (MBC) and antibody responses in the dynamic interplay of infection- and vaccine-induced immunity. It also provided an opportunity to explore new vaccine platforms, such as mRNA or adenoviral vector vaccines, in unprecedented cohort sizes. Combined with the technological advances of recent years, this situation has provided detailed mechanistic insights into the development of B-cell and antibody responses but also revealed some unexpected findings. In this review, we summarize the key findings of the last 2.5 years regarding infection- and vaccine-induced B-cell immunity, which we believe are of significant value not only in the context of SARS-CoV-2 but also for future vaccination approaches in endemic and pandemic settings. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Lapuente, Dennis AU - Lapuente D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9833-5313 AD - Institut fur klinische und molekulare Virologie, Universitatsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat (FAU) Erlangen-Nurnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. FAU - Winkler, Thomas H AU - Winkler TH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1860-0528 AD - Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany. thomas.winkler@fau.de. AD - Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat (FAU) Erlangen-Nurnberg, Schlossplatz 1, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. thomas.winkler@fau.de. FAU - Tenbusch, Matthias AU - Tenbusch M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3951-9056 AD - Institut fur klinische und molekulare Virologie, Universitatsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat (FAU) Erlangen-Nurnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. AD - Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat (FAU) Erlangen-Nurnberg, Schlossplatz 1, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. LA - eng GR - Projektnummer 215346292/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20231110 PL - China TA - Cell Mol Immunol JT - Cellular & molecular immunology JID - 101242872 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibody Formation MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19 MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC10805925 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IgG4 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory responses OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - vaccines COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/11/10 00:44 MHDA- 2024/01/25 06:43 PMCR- 2023/11/10 CRDT- 2023/11/09 23:41 PHST- 2023/09/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/25 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/10 00:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/09 23:41 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41423-023-01095-w [pii] AID - 1095 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41423-023-01095-w [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Mol Immunol. 2024 Feb;21(2):144-158. doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01095-w. Epub 2023 Nov 10. PMID- 37945133 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20231113 LR - 20231113 IS - 1998-3646 (Electronic) IS - 0255-0857 (Linking) VI - 46 DP - 2023 Nov-Dec TI - Whole blood immune memory cells is not sufficient to predict SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responsiveness. PG - 100461 LID - S0255-0857(23)00177-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2023.100461 [doi] FAU - Khan, Sujoy AU - Khan S AD - Department of Immunology & Allergy, Castle Hill Hospital, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Cottingham, England, HU16 5JQ, UK. Electronic address: sujoy.khan@nhs.net. FAU - Emsell-Needham, Kristina AU - Emsell-Needham K AD - Immunology & Allergy Laboratory, Scarborough Hull York Pathology Services, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, England, HU3 2JZ, UK. LA - eng PT - Letter DEP - 20230818 PL - United States TA - Indian J Med Microbiol JT - Indian journal of medical microbiology JID - 8700903 SB - IM COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/11/10 00:44 MHDA- 2023/11/10 00:45 CRDT- 2023/11/09 20:56 PHST- 2023/07/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/10 00:45 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/10 00:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/09 20:56 [entrez] AID - S0255-0857(23)00177-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2023.100461 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Med Microbiol. 2023 Nov-Dec;46:100461. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2023.100461. Epub 2023 Aug 18. PMID- 37944296 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231201 LR - 20231217 IS - 1532-8171 (Electronic) IS - 0735-6757 (Linking) VI - 75 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Remission of severe forms of long COVID following monoclonal antibody (MCA) infusions: A report of signal index cases and call for targeted research. PG - 122-127 LID - S0735-6757(23)00534-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.09.051 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Long COVID has afflicted tens of millions globally leaving many previously-healthy persons severely and indefinitely debilitated. The objective here was to report cases of complete, rapid remission of severe forms of long COVID following certain monoclonal antibody (MCA) infusions and review the corresponding pathophysiological implications. DESIGN: Case histories of the first three index events (among others) are presented. Unaware of others with similar remissions, each subject independently completed personal narratives and standardized surveys regarding demographics/occupation, past history, and the presence and respective severity grading of 33 signs/symptoms associated with long COVID, comparing the presence/severity of those symptoms during the pre-COVID, long-COVID, post-vaccination, and post-MCA phases. SETTING: Patient interviews, e-mails and telephone conversations. SUBJECTS: Three previously healthy, middle-aged, highly-functioning persons, two women and one man (ages 60, 43, and 63 years respectively) who, post-acute COVID-19 infection, developed chronic, unrelenting fatigue and cognitive impairment along with other severe, disabling symptoms. Each then independently reported incidental and unanticipated complete remissions within days of MCA treatment. INTERVENTIONS: The casirivimab/imdevimab cocktail. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Irrespective of sex, age, medical history, vaccination status, or illness duration (18, 8 and 5 months, respectively), each subject experienced the same complete remission of their persistent disabling disease within a week of MCA infusion. Each rapidly returned to normal health and previous lifestyles/occupations with normalized exercise tolerance, still sustained to date over two years later. CONCLUSIONS: These index cases provide compelling clinical signals that MCA infusions may be capable of treating long COVID in certain cases, including those with severe debilitation. While the complete and sustained remissions observed here may only apply to long COVID resulting from pre-Delta variants and the specific MCA infused, the striking rapid and complete remissions observed in these cases also provide mechanistic implications for treating/managing other post-viral chronic conditions and long COVID from other variants. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Scheppke, Kenneth A AU - Scheppke KA AD - Florida Department of Health, 4052 Bald Cypress Way, Tallahassee, FL 32399, USA; Palm Beach County Fire Rescue, 405 Pike Road, West Palm Beach, FL 33411, USA; Broward Sheriff's Office, 2601 West Broward Boulevard, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33312, USA. FAU - Pepe, Paul E AU - Pepe PE AD - Palm Beach County Fire Rescue, 405 Pike Road, West Palm Beach, FL 33411, USA; Broward Sheriff's Office, 2601 West Broward Boulevard, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33312, USA; Broward Health Medical Center, 1600 S Andrews Ave, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33316, USA; Department of Management, Policy and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, 1200 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dallas County EMS/Public Safety Agencies, Suite 500, 500 Elm St, Dallas, TX 75202, USA. Electronic address: Dr.PaulPepe@GMail.com. FAU - Jui, Jonathan AU - Jui J AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Sciences University, CDW-EM, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA. FAU - Crowe, Remle P AU - Crowe RP AD - ESO, 11500 Alterra Pkwy #100, Austin, TX 78758, USA. FAU - Scheppke, Eric K AU - Scheppke EK AD - Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn, 910 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832, USA. FAU - Klimas, Nancy G AU - Klimas NG AD - Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 7595 SW 33rd Street, Fourth Floor, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St, Miami, FL 33125, USA. FAU - Marty, Aileen M AU - Marty AM AD - Department of Translational Medicine, Florida International University, 885 SW 109th Ave, PG-5, Suite 1313, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231004 PL - United States TA - Am J Emerg Med JT - The American journal of emergency medicine JID - 8309942 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Immune response imbalance OT - Long COVID OT - Monoclonal antibody treatment OT - Post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - SARS-CoV-2 complications COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest None of the authors have any related conflict of interest concerning the elements of this report stewarded by the Florida Department of Health. EDAT- 2023/11/10 00:44 MHDA- 2023/12/01 06:44 CRDT- 2023/11/09 18:08 PHST- 2023/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/01 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/10 00:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/09 18:08 [entrez] AID - S0735-6757(23)00534-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.09.051 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Emerg Med. 2024 Jan;75:122-127. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.09.051. Epub 2023 Oct 4. PMID- 41383902 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251212 LR - 20260925 IS - 2770-730X (Electronic) IS - 2770-7296 (Print) IS - 2770-7296 (Linking) VI - 1 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Neurological manifestations with jugular vein thrombosis linked to an inflammatory profile may be a sequela of long COVID. PG - 170-175 LID - 10.1002/nep3.24 [doi] AB - More than 670 million cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been recorded worldwide in the 3 years since the start of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. About 45% of survivors of COVID-19 develop a syndrome known as long-term COVID, in which symptoms persist even months after the acute infection. About 76% of patients with long COVID experience neurological manifestations. Moreover, patients who have survived COVID-19 have an increased risk of cerebral venous thrombosis. This case report describes a 41-year-old woman who developed neurological manifestations associated with jugular vein thrombosis 24 h after administration of the Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine (AstraZeneca-Serum Institute of India). She had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 three months before vaccination. Although initially suspected to be a case of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) in view of her recent vaccination, the patient did not have any hallmarks of VITT, such as thrombocytopenia, an increased d-dimer level, or antibodies against platelet factor-4. Moreover, the neurological manifestations were associated with a high concentration of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, and IL-21, and elevated neutrophil levels in cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting that inflammatory immune components had a role in the development of thrombotic events and pointing to an alternative diagnosis. In this case, the laboratory results indicated that the neurological manifestations associated with jugular vein thrombosis were not associated with VITT. Therefore, we propose that the thrombosis of the left jugular vein was a sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. Neuroprotection published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Chinese Medical Association. FAU - Mendoza-Portillo, Elizabeth AU - Mendoza-Portillo E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0380-3856 AD - Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia Manuel Velasco Suarez Ciudad de Mexico Mexico. FAU - Aleman-Navarro, Estefania AU - Aleman-Navarro E AD - Instituto de Biotecnologia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) Cuernavaca Morelos Mexico. FAU - Prieto, G Aleph AU - Prieto GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9517-6989 AD - Instituto de Neurobiologia UNAM-Juriquilla Queretaro Mexico. AD - Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders University of California-Irvine Irvine California USA. FAU - Rosenstein, Yvonne AU - Rosenstein Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4040-4256 AD - Instituto de Biotecnologia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) Cuernavaca Morelos Mexico. FAU - Lozano-Nuevo, Jose J AU - Lozano-Nuevo JJ AD - Hospital General de Ticoman Secretaria de Salud de la Ciudad de Mexico Ciudad de Mexico Mexico. FAU - Perez-Lopez, Araceli AU - Perez-Lopez A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5399-1958 AD - Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM Tlalneplantla Estado de Mexico Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231109 PL - England TA - Neuroprotection JT - Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) JID - 9918452086806676 PMC - PMC12486927 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cerebral venous thrombosis OT - long COVID OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/11/09 00:00 MHDA- 2023/11/09 00:01 PMCR- 2023/11/09 CRDT- 2025/12/12 04:34 PHST- 2023/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/07/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/09 00:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/09 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/12 04:34 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - NEP324 [pii] AID - 10.1002/nep3.24 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Neuroprotection. 2023 Nov 9;1(2):170-175. doi: 10.1002/nep3.24. eCollection 2023 Dec. PMID- 37942335 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231110 LR - 20231113 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Low switched memory B cells are associated with no humoral response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccine boosters in kidney transplant recipients. PG - 1202630 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1202630 [doi] LID - 1202630 AB - INTRODUCTION: The humoral response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and boosters in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is heterogeneous and depends on immunosuppression status. There is no validated immune measurement associated with serological response in clinical practice. Multicolor flow cytometric immunophenotyping could be useful for measuring immune response. This study aimed to study B- and T-cell compartments through Standardized EuroFlow PID Orientation after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and their association with IgG SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity status after two doses or boosters. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter prospective study to evaluate humoral response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in KTRs. Heterologous regimen: two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and two boosters of BNT162b2 mRNA (n=75). Homologous vaccination: two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA and one BNT162b2 mRNA booster (n=13). Booster doses were administrated to KTRs without taking into account their IgG SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity status. Peripheral blood samples were collected 30 days after the second dose and after the last heterologous or homologous booster. A standardized EuroFlow PID Orientation Tube (PIDOT) and a supervised automated analysis were used for immune monitoring cellular subsets after boosters. RESULTS: A total of 88 KTRs were included and divided into three groups according to the time of the first detected IgG SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity: non-responders (NRs, n=23), booster responders (BRs, n=41), and two-dose responders (2DRs, n=24). The NR group was more frequent on mycophenolate than the responder groups (NRs, 96%; BRs, 80%; 2DRs, 42%; p=0.000). Switched memory B cells in the 2DR group were higher than those in the BR and NR groups (medians of 30, 17, and 10 cells/ul, respectively; p=0.017). Additionally, the absolute count of central memory/terminal memory CD8 T cells was higher in the 2DR group than in the BR and NR groups. (166, 98, and 93 cells/ul, respectively; p=0.041). The rest of the T-cell populations studied did not show a statistical difference. CONCLUSION: switched memory B cells and memory CD8 T-cell populations in peripheral blood were associated with the magnitude of the humoral response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Boosters increased IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 levels, CM/TM CD8 T cells, and switched MBCs in patients with seropositivity after two doses. Interestingly, no seropositivity after boosters was associated with the use of mycophenolate and a lower number of switched MBCs and CM/TM CD8 T cells in peripheral blood. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Seija, Garcia-Luna, Rammauro, Brugnini, Trias, Astesiano, Santiago, Orihuela, Zulberti, Machado, Recalde, Yandian, Guerisoli, Noboa, Orihuela, Curi, Bugstaller, Noboa, Nin, Bianchi, Tiscornia and Lens. FAU - Seija, Mariana AU - Seija M AD - Centro de Nefrologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. AD - Departamento de Fisiopatologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Garcia-Luna, Joaquin AU - Garcia-Luna J AD - Laboratorio de Citometria de Flujo, Departamento Basico de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Rammauro, Florencia AU - Rammauro F AD - Departamento de Inmunobiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. AD - Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Brugnini, Andreina AU - Brugnini A AD - Laboratorio de Citometria de Flujo, Departamento Basico de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Trias, Natalia AU - Trias N AD - Laboratorio de Citometria de Flujo, Departamento Basico de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Astesiano, Rossana AU - Astesiano R AD - Centro de Nefrologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Santiago, Jose AU - Santiago J AD - Centro de Nefrologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Orihuela, Natalia AU - Orihuela N AD - Centro de Trasplante INU, Hospital Italiano, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Zulberti, Catherine AU - Zulberti C AD - Centro de Trasplante INU, Hospital Italiano, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Machado, Danilo AU - Machado D AD - Centro de Trasplante, Hospital Evangelico, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Recalde, Cecilia AU - Recalde C AD - Centro de Trasplante, Hospital Evangelico, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Yandian, Federico AU - Yandian F AD - Centro de Nefrologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Guerisoli, Ana AU - Guerisoli A AD - Centro de Nefrologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Noboa, Javier AU - Noboa J AD - Centro de Nefrologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. AD - Departamento de Inmunobiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Orihuela, Sergio AU - Orihuela S AD - Centro de Trasplante INU, Hospital Italiano, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Curi, Lilian AU - Curi L AD - Centro de Trasplante INU, Hospital Italiano, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Bugstaller, Emma AU - Bugstaller E AD - Centro de Trasplante, Hospital Evangelico, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Noboa, Oscar AU - Noboa O AD - Centro de Nefrologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Nin, Marcelo AU - Nin M AD - Centro de Nefrologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. AD - Centro de Trasplante INU, Hospital Italiano, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Bianchi, Sergio AU - Bianchi S AD - Departamento de Fisiopatologia, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. AD - Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Tiscornia, Adriana AU - Tiscornia A AD - Instituto Nacional de Donacion y Trasplante, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica y Ministerio de Salud Publica, Montevideo, Uruguay. FAU - Lens, Daniela AU - Lens D AD - Laboratorio de Citometria de Flujo, Departamento Basico de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231024 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *Kidney Transplantation MH - Memory B Cells MH - Prospective Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use MH - RNA, Messenger MH - Immunoglobulin G PMC - PMC10628322 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - boosters OT - kidney transplant OT - memory B cell OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/11/09 06:42 MHDA- 2023/11/10 06:45 PMCR- 2023/01/01 CRDT- 2023/11/09 04:27 PHST- 2023/04/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/10 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/09 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/09 04:27 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1202630 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Oct 24;14:1202630. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1202630. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37938599 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231114 LR - 20250728 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Nov 8 TI - Longitudinal study of disease severity and external factors in cognitive failure after COVID-19 among Indonesian population. PG - 19405 LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-46334-2 [doi] LID - 19405 AB - The COVID-19 infection is assumed to induce cognitive failure. Identifying the relationship between COVID-19, the effect of vaccination and medication, and accommodating non-COVID-19 factors to cognitive failure is essential. This study was conducted in Indonesia from September 2021 to January 2023. Demographic information, clinical data, comorbidities, vaccination, and medication during COVID-19 were obtained, as well as a 6-month cognitive assessment with Cognitive Failures Questionnaire/CFQ, Fatigue Severity Score, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). A Structural Equation Model explains the relationship between potential predictors and cognitive failure. The average score of CFQ after 6 months was 45.6 +/- 23.1 out of 100. The severity of the disease, which was associated with vaccination status, age, previous infection, and unit of treatment (p < 0.05), was not related to cognitive failure (p = 0.519), although there is a significant direct impact of worst vaccination status to cognitive failure(p < 0.001). However, age, fatigue, and current anxiety were associated with higher cognitive failure (p < 0.001), although comorbidities and recent headaches were not significant in other models (p > 0.05). This study concludes that cognitive failure after COVID-19 is a multifactorial event and does not solely depend on COVID-19 severity. It is crucial to re-address the factors related to the long-term efficacy of vaccination and medication and focus on non-health factors affecting cognitive failure.Trial Registration: NCT05060562. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Herman, Bumi AU - Herman B AD - College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. FAU - Wong, Martin Chi Sang AU - Wong MCS AD - The Faculty of Medicine, JC School of Public Health, The Chinese University of Hongkong, Hong Kong, China. AD - The Faculty of Medicine, The Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. AD - School of Public Health, The Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. AD - School of Public Health, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical Colleges, Beijing, China. FAU - Chantharit, Prawat AU - Chantharit P AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Hannanu, Firdaus Fabrice AU - Hannanu FF AD - Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. AD - Department of Radiology, Brainstem Imaging Laboratory, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. FAU - Viwattanakulvanid, Pramon AU - Viwattanakulvanid P AD - College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. pramon.v@chula.ac.th. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05060562 PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231108 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM EIN - Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 18;13(1):22514. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-48244-9. PMID: 38110434 MH - Humans MH - Cognition MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Fatigue/epidemiology/etiology MH - Indonesia/epidemiology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Patient Acuity PMC - PMC10632387 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/11/08 12:43 MHDA- 2023/11/09 06:42 PMCR- 2023/11/08 CRDT- 2023/11/08 11:42 PHST- 2023/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/09 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/08 12:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/08 11:42 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-46334-2 [pii] AID - 46334 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-46334-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 8;13(1):19405. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-46334-2. PMID- 37920035 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231106 LR - 20231108 IS - 1551-0018 (Electronic) IS - 1547-1063 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 9 DP - 2023 Aug 23 TI - Neural-SEIR: A flexible data-driven framework for precise prediction of epidemic disease. PG - 16807-16823 LID - 10.3934/mbe.2023749 [doi] AB - Accurately modeling and predicting epidemic diseases is crucial to prevent disease transmission and reduce mortality. Due to various unpredictable factors, including population migration, vaccination, control efforts, and seasonal fluctuations, traditional epidemic models that rely on prior knowledge of virus transmission mechanisms may not be sufficient to forecast complex epidemics like coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). The application of traditional epidemiological models such as susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) may face difficulties in accurately predicting such complex epidemics. Data-driven prediction approaches lack the ability to generalize and exhibit low accuracy on small datasets due to their reliance on large amounts of data without incorporating prior knowledge. To overcome this limitation, we introduce a flexible ensemble data-driven framework (Neural-SEIR) that "neuralizes" the SEIR model by approximating the core parameters through neural networks while preserving the propagation structure of SEIR. Neural-SEIR employs long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to capture complex correlation features, exponential smoothing (ES) to model seasonal information, and prior knowledge from SEIR. By incorporating SEIR parameters into the neural network structure, Neural-SEIR leverages prior knowledge while updating parameters with real-world data. Our experimental results demonstrate that Neural-SEIR outperforms traditional machine learning and epidemiological models, achieving high prediction accuracy and efficiency in forecasting epidemic diseases. FAU - Wang, Haoyu AU - Wang H AD - School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China. FAU - Qiu, Xihe AU - Qiu X AD - School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China. FAU - Yang, Jinghan AU - Yang J AD - School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China. FAU - Li, Qiong AU - Li Q AD - School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China. FAU - Tan, Xiaoyu AU - Tan X AD - INF Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China. FAU - Huang, Jingjing AU - Huang J AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China. AD - Sleep Disordered Medical Center, Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Math Biosci Eng JT - Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE JID - 101197794 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Communicable Diseases/epidemiology MH - *Epidemics MH - Neural Networks, Computer MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Neural-SEIR OT - infectious disease prediction OT - long short-term memory OT - time-series data EDAT- 2023/11/03 06:44 MHDA- 2023/11/06 06:43 CRDT- 2023/11/03 03:43 PHST- 2023/11/06 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/03 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/03 03:43 [entrez] AID - 10.3934/mbe.2023749 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Math Biosci Eng. 2023 Aug 23;20(9):16807-16823. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023749. PMID- 37884506 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231030 LR - 20240927 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Oct 26 TI - Respiratory mucosal immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 after infection and vaccination. PG - 6815 LID - 10.1038/s41467-023-42433-w [doi] LID - 6815 AB - Respiratory mucosal immunity induced by vaccination is vital for protection from coronavirus infection in animal models. In humans, the capacity of peripheral vaccination to generate sustained immunity in the lung mucosa, and how this is influenced by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, is unknown. Here we show using bronchoalveolar lavage samples that donors with history of both infection and vaccination have more airway mucosal SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and memory B cells than those only vaccinated. Infection also induces populations of airway spike-specific memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that are not expanded by vaccination alone. Airway mucosal T cells induced by infection have a distinct hierarchy of antigen specificity compared to the periphery. Spike-specific T cells persist in the lung mucosa for 7 months after the last immunising event. Thus, peripheral vaccination alone does not appear to induce durable lung mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2, supporting an argument for the need for vaccines targeting the airways. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Mitsi, Elena AU - Mitsi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7586-6050 AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. elena.mitsi@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk. AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. elena.mitsi@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk. FAU - Diniz, Mariana O AU - Diniz MO AD - Division of Infection and Immunity and Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, UCL, London, UK. FAU - Reine, Jesus AU - Reine J AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Collins, Andrea M AU - Collins AM AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Robinson, Ryan E AU - Robinson RE AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Hyder-Wright, Angela AU - Hyder-Wright A AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Farrar, Madlen AU - Farrar M AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Liatsikos, Konstantinos AU - Liatsikos K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2061-8329 AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Hamilton, Josh AU - Hamilton J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8523-3326 AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Onyema, Onyia AU - Onyema O AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Urban, Britta C AU - Urban BC AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Solorzano, Carla AU - Solorzano C AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sandra AU - Belij-Rammerstorfer S AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Sheehan, Emma AU - Sheehan E AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Lambe, Teresa AU - Lambe T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7711-897X AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Draper, Simon J AU - Draper SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9415-1357 AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7013-2250 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA. FAU - Maini, Mala K AU - Maini MK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6384-1462 AD - Division of Infection and Immunity and Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, UCL, London, UK. FAU - Ferreira, Daniela M AU - Ferreira DM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0594-0902 AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. daniela.ferreira@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk. AD - Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. daniela.ferreira@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231026 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Respiratory Mucosa MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC10603102 COIS- A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Qiagen, Fortress, Gilead, Sanofi, Merck, RiverVest, MedaCorp, Turnstone, NA Vaccine Institute, Emervax, Gerson Lehrman Group and Guggenheim. La Jolla Institute has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/10/27 00:43 MHDA- 2023/10/30 06:47 PMCR- 2023/10/26 CRDT- 2023/10/26 23:17 PHST- 2023/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/30 06:47 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/27 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/26 23:17 [entrez] PHST- 2023/10/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-023-42433-w [pii] AID - 42433 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-023-42433-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2023 Oct 26;14(1):6815. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-42433-w. PMID- 37881339 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231027 LR - 20231027 IS - 2314-7156 (Electronic) IS - 2314-8861 (Print) IS - 2314-7156 (Linking) VI - 2023 DP - 2023 TI - Broadly Reactive SARS-CoV-2-Specific T-Cell Response and Participation of Memory B and T Cells in Patients with Omicron COVID-19 Infection. PG - 8846953 LID - 10.1155/2023/8846953 [doi] LID - 8846953 AB - January 2022 onward, India witnessed a sudden increase in Omicron COVID-19 infections, having a mild course that prompted us to identify the key host factors/immune molecules modulating disease course/outcomes. The current study evaluated the percentages of lymphocyte subsets by flowcytometry, SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell immune response by ELISPOT, estimation of plasma cytokine/chemokine levels on a Bio-plex Multiplex Immunoassay System and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 19 mild Omicron infected patients, 45 mild SARS-CoV-2 (2020) patients and 36 uninfected controls from India. Natural killer cells, B and memory B cells were high in vaccinated and total Omicron-infected patients groups compared to the mild SARS-CoV-2 (2020) patient group, while CD8(+) T cells were high in total Omicron-infected patients group compared to the uninfected control group (p < 0.05 each). Omicron-infected patients had T-cell response against SARS-CoV-2 whole virus, S1 proteins (wild type and delta variant) in 10 out of 17 (59%), 10 out of 17 (59%), and 8 out of 17 (47%), respectively. The current study of Omicron-infected patients elucidates broadly reactive antibody, T-cell response, and participation of memory B and T cells induced by vaccination/natural infection. The limited effect of Omicron's mutations on T-cell response is suggestive of protection from severity. Pro-inflammatory IL-6, IFN-gamma, chemokines CCL-2, CCL-3, CCL-4, CCL-5, and IL-8 as potential biomarkers of Omicron infection may have future diagnostic importance. The cellular immune response data in Omicron-infected patients with parental Omicron lineage could serve as a starting point to define the readouts of protective immunity against circulating Omicron subvariants. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Pragya D. Yadav et al. FAU - Yadav, Pragya D AU - Yadav PD AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Sahay, Rima R AU - Sahay RR AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Salwe, Sukeshani AU - Salwe S AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Trimbake, Diptee AU - Trimbake D AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Babar, Prasad AU - Babar P AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Sapkal, Gajanan N AU - Sapkal GN AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Deshpande, Gururaj R AU - Deshpande GR AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Bhise, Kiran AU - Bhise K AD - COVID Hospital, Baner, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Shete, Anita M AU - Shete AM AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Abraham, Priya AU - Abraham P AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Tripathy, Anuradha S AU - Tripathy AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8919-3819 AD - ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231017 PL - Egypt TA - J Immunol Res JT - Journal of immunology research JID - 101627166 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay PMC - PMC10597734 COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2023/10/26 06:42 MHDA- 2023/10/27 06:43 PMCR- 2023/10/17 CRDT- 2023/10/26 04:06 PHST- 2023/05/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/09/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/27 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/26 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/26 04:06 [entrez] PHST- 2023/10/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2023/8846953 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Immunol Res. 2023 Oct 17;2023:8846953. doi: 10.1155/2023/8846953. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37869178 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240118 LR - 20240927 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2023 TI - One-year quality of life among post-hospitalization COVID-19 patients. PG - 1236527 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1236527 [doi] LID - 1236527 AB - INTRODUCTION: The long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 are unclear, as are the factors influencing the evolution. Objective: to assess health-related quality of life 1 year after a hospital admission due to COVID-19 and to identify factors that may influence it. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study in a tertiary hospital from March 2021 to February 2022. Inclusion criteria: >/=18 years old and admitted for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exclusion criteria: death, not located, refusal to participate, cognitive impairment, and language barrier. Variables: demographic data, medical history, clinical and analytical outcomes during hospital admission, treatment received, and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 following admission. Participants were interviewed by phone 1 year after admission, using the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. RESULTS: There were 486 included patients. The domains yielding the lowest scores were general health (median 65%, interquartile range [IQR] 45-80), vitality (median 65%, IQR 45-80), and mental health (median 73.5%, IQR 60-100). Multivariable analysis showed that female sex and fibromyalgia/fatigue had a negative influence on all domains. Obesity was associated with worse outcomes in physical functioning, physical role, bodily pain, and vitality. Other factors associated with worse scores were an older age in physical functioning and high age-adjusted Charslon comorbidity in physical functioning and general health. Age was associated with better results in emotional role and High C-reactive protein at admission on vitality. CONCLUSION: One year after admission for COVID-19, quality of life remains affected, especially the domains of general health, vitality, and mental health. Factors associated with worse outcomes are female sex, fibromyalgia/chronic fatigue, and obesity. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Perez Catalan, Roig Marti, Fabra Juana, Dominguez Bajo, Herrero Rodriguez, Segura Fabrega, Varea Villanueva, Folgado Escudero, Esteve Gimeno, Palomo de la Sota, Cardenal Alvarez, Mateu Campos, Uso Blasco and Ramos Rincon. FAU - Perez Catalan, Ignacio AU - Perez Catalan I AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Roig Marti, Celia AU - Roig Marti C AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Fabra Juana, Sergio AU - Fabra Juana S AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Dominguez Bajo, Elena AU - Dominguez Bajo E AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Herrero Rodriguez, German AU - Herrero Rodriguez G AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Segura Fabrega, Ana AU - Segura Fabrega A AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Varea Villanueva, Maria AU - Varea Villanueva M AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Folgado Escudero, Sofia AU - Folgado Escudero S AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Esteve Gimeno, Maria Jose AU - Esteve Gimeno MJ AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Palomo de la Sota, Daniela AU - Palomo de la Sota D AD - Internal Medicine Service, Hospital of Vinaroz, Vinaroz, Spain. FAU - Cardenal Alvarez, Alejandro AU - Cardenal Alvarez A AD - Internal Medicine Service, Hospital of Mendaro, Mendaro, Spain. FAU - Mateu Campos, Maria Lidon AU - Mateu Campos ML AD - Intensive Care Unit, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Uso Blasco, Jorge AU - Uso Blasco J AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellon de la Plana, Spain. FAU - Ramos Rincon, Jose Manuel AU - Ramos Rincon JM AD - Internal Medicine Service, University General Hospital of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Elche, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20231006 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM CIN - Front Public Health. 2024 Jul 03;12:1417068. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1417068. PMID: 39022413 MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - *Fibromyalgia MH - Hospitalization MH - Obesity/epidemiology MH - Quality of Life MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Adult PMC - PMC10588695 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-COV-2 OT - long COVID OT - post-acute COVID-19 syndrome OT - quality of life COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/10/23 06:47 MHDA- 2023/11/02 12:44 PMCR- 2023/10/06 CRDT- 2023/10/23 04:50 PHST- 2023/06/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/02 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/23 06:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/23 04:50 [entrez] PHST- 2023/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1236527 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2023 Oct 6;11:1236527. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1236527. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37863647 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231221 LR - 20231221 IS - 1473-4265 (Electronic) IS - 1468-215X (Linking) VI - 49 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Dec 19 TI - UK media responses to HIV through the lens of COVID-19: a study of multidirectional memory. PG - 735-751 LID - 10.1136/medhum-2022-012575 [doi] AB - This article proposes correlations and parallels in UK newsprint media coverage of the COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS pandemics through engagement with Michael Rothberg's model of multidirectional memory. It achieves this via qualitative and quantitative analysis of newsprint media during selected timelines of the respective outbreaks. Although the COVID-19 outbreak, which originated in Wuhan, China in 2019 and spread globally, has prompted reference to a number of previous traumatic events, including 9/11 and the Holocaust, one might contend that it correlates most closely with HIV/AIDS given the latter's ongoing nature and worldwide reach. COVID-19, having infected 629 million people since December 2019 with 6.5 million deaths by November 2022, still presents a global threat through which we might read the trauma of HIV, a disease that has thus far seen 32.7 million deaths and has infected 75.7 million people worldwide. This relationship exists despite the fact that the two viruses and their effects differ markedly: HIV is a retrovirus, has a long incubation time, is transmitted via bodily fluids, has a low risk of infectivity via everyday contact and, to date, no fully effective vaccine has been developed. Contrastingly, COVID-19 is a coronavirus, has a short incubation time, is transmitted via contact and airborne respiratory aerosols, has a high risk of infectivity via everyday contact, and investment in vaccine development has been significant, with several vaccines now successfully developed. Nonetheless, while the two viruses and their prognoses are quite different and government strategies have followed highly divergent trajectories, certain parallels are apparent to the extent that one might read HIV/AIDS through the lens of COVID-19. It is therefore argued here that the connections between these two traumatic events constitute what Rothberg terms 'multidirectional memory' whereby we understand one traumatic event through another. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Pheasant-Kelly, Frances AU - Pheasant-Kelly F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3647-5388 AD - Film Studies, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK f.e.pheasant-kelly@wlv.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231219 PL - United States TA - Med Humanit JT - Medical humanities JID - 100959585 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome MH - Disease Outbreaks MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - HIV/AIDS OT - Medical humanities COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2023/10/21 05:42 MHDA- 2023/12/21 06:42 CRDT- 2023/10/20 21:03 PHST- 2023/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/21 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/21 05:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/20 21:03 [entrez] AID - medhum-2022-012575 [pii] AID - 10.1136/medhum-2022-012575 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Humanit. 2023 Dec 19;49(4):735-751. doi: 10.1136/medhum-2022-012575. PMID- 37854617 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240907 IS - 2575-9108 (Electronic) IS - 2575-9108 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 10 DP - 2023 Oct 13 TI - Emerging Landscape of Preclinical Models for Studying COVID-19 Neurologic Diseases. PG - 1323-1339 LID - 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00127 [doi] AB - COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) and has globally infected 768 million people and caused over 6 million deaths. COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system but increasing reports of neurologic symptoms associated with COVID-19 have been reported in the literature. The exact mechanism behind COVID-19 neurologic pathophysiology remains poorly understood due to difficulty quantifying clinical neurologic symptoms in humans and correlating them to findings in human post-mortem samples and animal models. Thus, robust preclinical experimental models for COVID-19 neurologic manifestations are urgently needed. Here, we review recent advances in in vitro, in vivo, and other models and technologies for studying COVID-19 including primary cell cultures, pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and organoids, rodents, nonhuman primates, 3D bioprinting, artificial intelligence, and multiomics. We specifically focus our discussion on the contribution, recent advancements, and limitations these preclinical models have on furthering our understanding of COVID-19's neuropathic physiology. We also discuss these models' roles in the screening and development of therapeutics, vaccines, antiviral drugs, and herbal medicine, and on future opportunities for COVID-19 neurologic research and clinical management. CI - (c) 2023 American Chemical Society. FAU - Li, Jason AU - Li J AD - Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States. FAU - Wang, Jing AU - Wang J AD - Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States. FAU - Wang, Hu AU - Wang H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6132-8788 AD - Institute of Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21215, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230906 PL - United States TA - ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci JT - ACS pharmacology & translational science JID - 101721411 PMC - PMC10580392 COIS- The authors declare no competing financial interest. EDAT- 2023/10/19 06:46 MHDA- 2023/10/19 06:47 PMCR- 2024/09/06 CRDT- 2023/10/19 04:21 PHST- 2023/06/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/19 06:47 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/19 06:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/19 04:21 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00127 [doi] PST - epublish SO - ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2023 Sep 6;6(10):1323-1339. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00127. eCollection 2023 Oct 13. PMID- 37849724 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231023 LR - 20231023 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2023 TI - Association between COVID-19 vaccination and critical outcomes among older adults with dementia: a comparative cohort study. PG - 1281266 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1281266 [doi] LID - 1281266 AB - BACKGROUND: As COVID-19 vaccines became available, understanding their potential benefits in vulnerable populations has gained significance. This study explored the advantages of COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with cognitive disorders by analyzing health-related variables and outcomes. METHODS: A prospective cohort study analyzed electronic medical records of 25,733 older adults with cognitive disorders and 65,544 older adults without cognitive disorders from March 2020 to February 2022. COVID-19 vaccination status was the primary exposure variable, categorized as fully vaccinated or unvaccinated. The primary outcomes measured were all-cause mortality and hospitalization rates within 14 and 400 days post-vaccination. Data on vaccination status, demographics, comorbidities, testing history, and clinical outcomes were collected from electronic health records. The study was ethically approved by the relevant medical facility's Institutional Review Board (0075-22-MHS). RESULTS: Vaccinated individuals had significantly lower mortality rates in both groups. In the research group, the mortality rate was 52% (n = 1852) for unvaccinated individuals and 7% (n = 1,241) for vaccinated individuals (p < 0.001). Similarly, in the control group, the mortality rate was 13.58% (n = 1,508) for unvaccinated individuals and 1.85% (n = 936) for vaccinated individuals (p < 0.001), despite higher COVID-19 positivity rates. In the research group, 30.26% (n = 1,072) of unvaccinated individuals tested positive for COVID-19, compared to 37.16% (n = 6,492) of vaccinated individuals (p < 0.001). In the control group, 17.31% (n = 1922) of unvaccinated individuals were COVID-19 positive, while 37.25% (n = 18,873) of vaccinated individuals tested positive (p < 0.001). Vaccination also showed potential benefits in mental health support. The usage of antipsychotic drugs was lower in vaccinated individuals (28.43%, n = 4,967) compared to unvaccinated individuals (37.48%, n = 1,328; 95% CI [0.92-1.28], p < 0.001). Moreover, vaccinated individuals had lower antipsychotic drug prescription rates (23.88%, n = 4,171) compared to unvaccinated individuals (27.83%, n = 968; 95% CI [-1.02 to -0.63], p < 0.001). Vaccination appeared to have a positive impact on managing conditions like diabetes, with 38.63% (n = 6,748) of vaccinated individuals having diabetes compared to 41.55% (n = 1,472) of unvaccinated individuals (95% CI [0.24, 0.48], p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: The findings highlight the importance of vaccination in safeguarding vulnerable populations during the pandemic and call for further research to optimize healthcare strategies for individuals with cognitive disorders. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Radomyslsky, Kivity, Lidar, Bentur, Korn, Nissanholtz-Gannot, Sternberg, Halevi Hochwald, Reges, Alon and Saban. FAU - Radomyslsky, Zorian AU - Radomyslsky Z AD - Department of Health System Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel. FAU - Kivity, Sara AU - Kivity S AD - Department of Health System Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel. FAU - Lidar, Shira AU - Lidar S AD - Department of Health System Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel. FAU - Bentur, Netta AU - Bentur N AD - Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Korn, Liat AU - Korn L AD - Department of Health System Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel. FAU - Nissanholtz-Gannot, Rachel AU - Nissanholtz-Gannot R AD - Department of Health System Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel. AD - Mayers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Sternberg, Shelley AU - Sternberg S AD - Department of Health System Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel. FAU - Halevi Hochwald, Inbal AU - Halevi Hochwald I AD - School of Nursing, Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Emek Yezreel, Israel. FAU - Reges, Orna AU - Reges O AD - Department of Health System Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel. FAU - Alon, Yaniv AU - Alon Y AD - Nursing Department, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Saban, Mor AU - Saban M AD - Nursing Department, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231002 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cohort Studies MH - Prospective Studies MH - Vaccination MH - *Diabetes Mellitus MH - *Dementia/epidemiology PMC - PMC10578450 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - dementia OT - mild cognitive impairment OT - psychiatric disorder diagnosis OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/10/18 06:43 MHDA- 2023/10/23 01:18 PMCR- 2023/10/02 CRDT- 2023/10/18 03:55 PHST- 2023/08/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/23 01:18 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/18 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/18 03:55 [entrez] PHST- 2023/10/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1281266 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2023 Oct 2;11:1281266. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1281266. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37849432 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231214 LR - 20250103 IS - 1468-1293 (Electronic) IS - 1464-2662 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 11 DP - 2023 Nov TI - Major revision version 12.0 of the European AIDS Clinical Society guidelines 2023. PG - 1126-1136 LID - 10.1111/hiv.13542 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) guidelines were revised in 2023 for the 19th time, and all aspects of HIV care were updated. KEY POINTS OF THE GUIDELINES UPDATE: Version 12.0 of the guidelines recommend the same six first-line treatment options for antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive adults as versions 11.0 and 11.1: tenofovir-based backbone plus an unboosted integrase inhibitor or doravirine; abacavir/lamivudine plus dolutegravir; or dual therapy with lamivudine or emtricitabine plus dolutegravir. The long-acting section has been expanded in the ART and drug-drug interaction (DDI) panels. Tables for preferred and alternative ART in children and adolescents have been updated, as has the section on prevention of vertical transmission, particularly with new guidance for breastfeeding. A new DDI table has been included for the ART and anti-infective drugs used for opportunistic infections, sexually transmitted infections, and other infectious conditions; lenacapavir has been included in all DDI tables. New sections on alcohol use and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been included in the comorbidity panel, in addition to updates on many relevant topics, such as new resource guidance for deprescribing in people with HIV. Other sections, including travel, cognitive impairment, cancer screening, sexual health, and diabetes have also been revised extensively. The algorithm for the management of acute hepatitis C virus infection has been removed, as current guidelines recommend immediate treatment of all people with recently acquired hepatitis C virus. Updates on vaccination for hepatitis B virus and recommendations for simplification to tenofovir-free two-drug regimens in people with isolated anti-hepatitis B core antibodies are provided. In the opportunistic infections and COVID-19 panel, guidance on the management of COVID-19 in people with HIV has been updated according to the most up-to-date evidence, and a new section on monkeypox has been added. CONCLUSIONS: In 2023, the EACS guidelines were updated extensively and now include several new sections. The recommendations are available as a free app, in interactive web format, and as a pdf online. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. HIV Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British HIV Association. FAU - Ambrosioni, Juan AU - Ambrosioni J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9931-6686 AD - HIV Unit, Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic-Fundacio de recerca Clinic Barcelona - Institut de investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain. AD - CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Levi, Laura AU - Levi L AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St-Louis and Lariboisiere Hospitals, APHP, University of Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Alagaratnam, Jasmini AU - Alagaratnam J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2256-423X AD - HIV Medicine & Sexual Health, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. AD - Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Van Bremen, Kathrin AU - Van Bremen K AD - Department of Medicine I, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Mastrangelo, Andrea AU - Mastrangelo A AD - Allergology and Immunology Department, Centre Hopitalier Universitaire Vaudoise (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Waalewijn, Hylke AU - Waalewijn H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5135-8729 AD - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Molina, Jean-Michel AU - Molina JM AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St-Louis and Lariboisiere Hospitals, APHP, University of Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Guaraldi, Giovanni AU - Guaraldi G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5724-3914 AD - Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Winston, Alan AU - Winston A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5847-8416 AD - Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Boesecke, Christoph AU - Boesecke C AD - Department of Medicine I, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Cinque, Paola AU - Cinque P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2448-5957 AD - Unit of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. FAU - Bamford, Alasdair AU - Bamford A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4764-229X AD - Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Calmy, Alexandra AU - Calmy A AD - HIV/AIDS Unit, Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Marzolini, Catia AU - Marzolini C AD - Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AD - Service of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. AD - Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Martinez, Esteban AU - Martinez E AD - HIV Unit, Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic-Fundacio de recerca Clinic Barcelona - Institut de investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain. AD - CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Oprea, Cristiana AU - Oprea C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9581-2527 AD - Infectious Diseases and HIV Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Welch, Steven AU - Welch S AD - Department of Paediatrics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK. FAU - Koval, Anna AU - Koval A AD - University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. FAU - Mendao, Luis AU - Mendao L AD - European AIDS Treatment Group, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Rockstroh, Jurgen K AU - Rockstroh JK AD - Department of Medicine I, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany. CN - EACS Governing Board LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231018 PL - England TA - HIV Med JT - HIV medicine JID - 100897392 RN - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents) RN - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents) RN - 2T8Q726O95 (Lamivudine) RN - 99YXE507IL (Tenofovir) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy MH - *AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy MH - *Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use MH - Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Hepatitis C/drug therapy MH - *HIV Infections/drug therapy/diagnosis MH - Lamivudine/therapeutic use MH - Tenofovir/therapeutic use MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Mpox, Monkeypox OTO - NOTNLM OT - ART OT - EACS OT - HIV OT - Mpox OT - V12.0 OT - guidelines OT - major updates OT - European AIDS Clinical Society OT - antiretroviral therapy EDAT- 2023/10/18 06:43 MHDA- 2023/11/16 06:45 CRDT- 2023/10/18 03:48 PHST- 2023/08/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/16 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/18 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/18 03:48 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/hiv.13542 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - HIV Med. 2023 Nov;24(11):1126-1136. doi: 10.1111/hiv.13542. Epub 2023 Oct 18. PMID- 37833640 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231023 LR - 20231122 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Oct 13 TI - EuCARE-POSTCOVID Study: a multicentre cohort study on long-term post-COVID-19 manifestations. PG - 684 LID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08595-0 [doi] LID - 684 AB - BACKGROUND: Post-COVID-19 condition refers to persistent or new onset symptoms occurring three months after acute COVID-19, which are unrelated to alternative diagnoses. Symptoms include fatigue, breathlessness, palpitations, pain, concentration difficulties ("brain fog"), sleep disorders, and anxiety/depression. The prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition ranges widely across studies, affecting 10-20% of patients and reaching 50-60% in certain cohorts, while the associated risk factors remain poorly understood. METHODS: This multicentre cohort study, both retrospective and prospective, aims to assess the incidence and risk factors of post-COVID-19 condition in a cohort of recovered patients. Secondary objectives include evaluating the association between circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants and the risk of post-COVID-19 condition, as well as assessing long-term residual organ damage (lung, heart, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system) in relation to patient characteristics and virology (variant and viral load during the acute phase). Participants will include hospitalised and outpatient COVID-19 patients diagnosed between 01/03/2020 and 01/02/2025 from 8 participating centres. A control group will consist of hospitalised patients with respiratory infections other than COVID-19 during the same period. Patients will be followed up at the post-COVID-19 clinic of each centre at 2-3, 6-9, and 12-15 months after clinical recovery. Routine blood exams will be conducted, and patients will complete questionnaires to assess persisting symptoms, fatigue, dyspnoea, quality of life, disability, anxiety and depression, and post-traumatic stress disorders. DISCUSSION: This study aims to understand post-COVID-19 syndrome's incidence and predictors by comparing pandemic waves, utilising retrospective and prospective data. Gender association, especially the potential higher prevalence in females, will be investigated. Symptom tracking via questionnaires and scales will monitor duration and evolution. Questionnaires will also collect data on vaccination, reinfections, and new health issues. Biological samples will enable future studies on post-COVID-19 sequelae mechanisms, including inflammation, immune dysregulation, and viral reservoirs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT05531773. CI - (c) 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature. FAU - Varisco, Benedetta AU - Varisco B AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, Via A Di Rudini 8, 20142, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bai, Francesca AU - Bai F AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, Via A Di Rudini 8, 20142, Milan, Italy. FAU - De Benedittis, Sara AU - De Benedittis S AD - ICONA Foundation, Milan, Italy. FAU - Tavelli, Alessandro AU - Tavelli A AD - ICONA Foundation, Milan, Italy. FAU - Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro AU - Cozzi-Lepri A AD - Centre for Clinical Research, Epidemiology, Modelling and Evaluation (CREME), Institute for Global Health, UCL, London, UK. FAU - Sala, Matteo AU - Sala M AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, Via A Di Rudini 8, 20142, Milan, Italy. FAU - Miraglia, Federica Gaia AU - Miraglia FG AD - Clinical Trials and Grant Office, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, Milan, Italy. FAU - Santoro, Maria Mercedes AU - Santoro MM AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Lazio, Italy. FAU - Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca AU - Ceccherini-Silberstein F AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Lazio, Italy. FAU - Shimoni, Yishai AU - Shimoni Y AD - Healthcare Informatics, IBM Research-Haifa, Mount Carmel Haifa, Israel. FAU - Ravid, Sivan AU - Ravid S AD - Healthcare Informatics, IBM Research-Haifa, Mount Carmel Haifa, Israel. FAU - Kozlovski, Tal AU - Kozlovski T AD - Healthcare Informatics, IBM Research-Haifa, Mount Carmel Haifa, Israel. FAU - Konig, Florian AU - Konig F AD - Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Pfeifer, Nico AU - Pfeifer N AD - Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Shamsara, Elham AU - Shamsara E AD - Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Parczewski, Milosz AU - Parczewski M AD - Department of Infectious Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland. FAU - Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio AU - Monforte AD AD - ICONA Foundation, Milan, Italy. FAU - Incardona, Francesca AU - Incardona F AD - IPRO-InformaPRO S.R.L, Rome, Italy. AD - EuResist Network, Rome, Italy. FAU - Mommo, Chiara AU - Mommo C AD - EuResist Network, Rome, Italy. FAU - Marchetti, Giulia AU - Marchetti G AD - Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, Via A Di Rudini 8, 20142, Milan, Italy. giulia.marchetti@unimi.it. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05531773 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20231013 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Cohort Studies MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Fatigue/epidemiology/etiology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Prospective Studies MH - Quality of Life MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Male PMC - PMC10576381 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Follow-up after COVID-19 OT - Gender association in post-COVID-19 OT - Long COVID OT - Persistence of COVID-19 symptoms OT - Post Acute Sequelae of SARS CoV-2 infection OT - Post-COVID-19 condition OT - Residual organ damage in COVID-19 OT - Variant association in post-COVID-19 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/10/14 10:42 MHDA- 2023/10/23 01:18 PMCR- 2023/10/13 CRDT- 2023/10/13 23:52 PHST- 2023/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/23 01:18 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/14 10:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/13 23:52 [entrez] PHST- 2023/10/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08595-0 [pii] AID - 8595 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-023-08595-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2023 Oct 13;23(1):684. doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08595-0. PMID- 37819703 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231102 LR - 20241217 IS - 2369-2960 (Electronic) IS - 2369-2960 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2023 Oct 11 TI - Immune-Boosting Effect of the COVID-19 Vaccine: Real-World Bidirectional Cohort Study. PG - e47272 LID - 10.2196/47272 [doi] LID - e47272 AB - BACKGROUND: As the SARS-CoV-2 attenuates and antibodies from the COVID-19 vaccine decline, long-term attention should be paid to the durability of primary booster administration and the preventive effect of the second or multiple booster doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the durability of primary booster administration and the preventive effect of second or multiple booster doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. METHODS: We established a bidirectional cohort in Guizhou Province, China. Eligible participants who had received the primary booster dose were enrolled for blood sample collection and administration of the second booster dose. A retrospective cohort for the time of administration was constructed to evaluate antibody attenuation 6-12 months after the primary booster dose, while a prospective cohort on the vaccine effect of the second booster dose was constructed for 4 months after the second administration. RESULTS: Between September 21, 2022, and January 30, 2023, a total of 327 participants were included in the final statistical analysis plan. The retrospective cohort revealed that approximately 6-12 months after receiving the primary booster, immunoglobulin G (IgG) slowly declined with time, while immunoglobulin A (IgA) remained almost constant. The prospective cohort showed that 28 days after receiving the second booster, the antibody levels were significantly improved. Higher levels of IgG and IgA were associated with better protection against COVID-19 infection for vaccine recipients. Regarding the protection of antibody levels against post-COVID-19 symptoms, the increase of the IgG had a protective effect on brain fog and sleep quality, while IgA had a protective effect on shortness of breath, brain fog, impaired coordination, and physical pain. CONCLUSIONS: The IgG and IgA produced by the second booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines can protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection and may alleviate some post-COVID-19 symptoms. Further data and studies on secondary booster administration are required to confirm these conclusions. CI - (c)Ming Liu, Tianshuo Zhao, Qiuyue Mu, Ruizhi Zhang, Chunting Liu, Fei Xu, Luxiang Liang, Linglu Zhao, Suye Zhao, Xianming Cai, Mingting Wang, Ninghua Huang, Tian Feng, Shiguang Lei, Guanghong Yang, Fuqiang Cui. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 11.10.2023. FAU - Liu, Ming AU - Liu M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-5329-1385 AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Zhao, Tianshuo AU - Zhao T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5279-3215 AD - Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Mu, Qiuyue AU - Mu Q AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-1241-043X AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Zhang, Ruizhi AU - Zhang R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-4471-731X AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Liu, Chunting AU - Liu C AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9426-6476 AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Xu, Fei AU - Xu F AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-0815-7836 AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Liang, Luxiang AU - Liang L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-1999-3333 AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Zhao, Linglu AU - Zhao L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-2937-6278 AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Zhao, Suye AU - Zhao S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8606-8062 AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Cai, Xianming AU - Cai X AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-5457-9267 AD - Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Mingting AU - Wang M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8064-5030 AD - Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Huang, Ninghua AU - Huang N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-5072-2645 AD - Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. FAU - Feng, Tian AU - Feng T AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-5412-9730 AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Lei, Shiguang AU - Lei S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-6217-5399 AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Yang, Guanghong AU - Yang G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5541-5869 AD - Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China. FAU - Cui, Fuqiang AU - Cui F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5279-3215 AD - Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231011 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Public Health Surveill JT - JMIR public health and surveillance JID - 101669345 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cohort Studies MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Immunoglobulin A MH - Immunoglobulin G PMC - PMC10569382 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - bidirectional cohort study OT - booster administration OT - real-world study OT - vaccine efficacy COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2023/10/11 14:43 MHDA- 2023/11/02 12:45 PMCR- 2023/10/11 CRDT- 2023/10/11 11:53 PHST- 2023/03/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/11/02 12:45 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/11 14:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/11 11:53 [entrez] PHST- 2023/10/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v9i1e47272 [pii] AID - 10.2196/47272 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2023 Oct 11;9:e47272. doi: 10.2196/47272. PMID- 37815874 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231216 LR - 20240710 IS - 1558-8238 (Electronic) IS - 0021-9738 (Print) IS - 0021-9738 (Linking) VI - 133 IP - 24 DP - 2023 Dec 15 TI - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination-induced immunological memory in human nonlymphoid and lymphoid tissues. LID - 10.1172/JCI171797 [doi] LID - e171797 AB - Tissue-resident lymphocytes provide organ-adapted protection against invading pathogens. Whereas their biology has been examined in great detail in various infection models, their generation and functionality in response to vaccination have not been comprehensively analyzed in humans. We therefore studied SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-specific T cells in surgery specimens of kidney, liver, lung, bone marrow, and spleen compared with paired blood samples from largely virus-naive individuals. As opposed to lymphoid tissues, nonlymphoid organs harbored significantly elevated frequencies of spike-specific CD4+ T cells compared with blood showing hallmarks of tissue residency and an expanded memory pool. Organ-derived CD4+ T cells further exhibited increased polyfunctionality over those detected in blood. Single-cell RNA-Seq together with T cell receptor repertoire analysis indicated that the clonotype rather than organ origin is a major determinant of transcriptomic state in vaccine-specific CD4+ T cells. In summary, our data demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination entails acquisition of tissue memory and residency features in organs distant from the inoculation site, thereby contributing to our understanding of how local tissue protection might be accomplished. FAU - Pross, Vanessa AU - Pross V AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Sattler, Arne AU - Sattler A AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Lukassen, Soren AU - Lukassen S AD - Center of Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Toth, Laura AU - Toth L AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Thole, Linda Marie Laura AU - Thole LML AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Siegle, Janine AU - Siegle J AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Stahl, Carolin AU - Stahl C AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - He, An AU - He A AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Damm, Georg AU - Damm G AD - Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Seehofer, Daniel AU - Seehofer D AD - Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Gotz, Christina AU - Gotz C AD - Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Bayerl, Christian AU - Bayerl C AD - Department of Radiology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Jager, Pia AU - Jager P AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Macke, Alexander AU - Macke A AD - Department of Visceral Surgery. FAU - Eggeling, Stephan AU - Eggeling S AD - Department of Thoracic Surgery, and. FAU - Kirzinger, Bernadette AU - Kirzinger B AD - Department of Thoracic Surgery, and. FAU - Mayr, Thomas AU - Mayr T AD - Department of Thoracic Surgery, and. FAU - Herbst, Hermann AU - Herbst H AD - Department of Pathology, Vivantes Klinikum Neukolln, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Beyer, Katharina AU - Beyer K AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Laue, Dominik AU - Laue D AD - Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Kronke, Jan AU - Kronke J AD - Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Braune, Jan AU - Braune J AD - Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Rosseck, Friederike AU - Rosseck F AD - Institute of Pathology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Kittner, Beatrice AU - Kittner B AD - Department of Urology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Konigin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Friedersdorff, Frank AU - Friedersdorff F AD - Department of Urology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Konigin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hubatsch, Mandy AU - Hubatsch M AD - Department of Urology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Weinberger, Sarah AU - Weinberger S AD - Department of Urology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Lachmann, Nils AU - Lachmann N AD - Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hofmann, Veit Maria AU - Hofmann VM AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Schrezenmeier, Eva AU - Schrezenmeier E AD - Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - BIH Charite Clinician Scientist Program, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health at Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Ludwig, Carolin AU - Ludwig C AD - Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Wurttemberg-Hessen and University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Schrezenmeier, Hubert AU - Schrezenmeier H AD - Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Wurttemberg-Hessen and University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Jechow, Katharina AU - Jechow K AD - Center of Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Conrad, Christian AU - Conrad C AD - Center of Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Kotsch, Katja AU - Kotsch K AD - Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231215 PL - United States TA - J Clin Invest JT - The Journal of clinical investigation JID - 7802877 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Lymphoid Tissue MH - Vaccination MH - RNA, Messenger MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC10721158 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive immunity OT - Immunology OT - T cells OT - Vaccines EDAT- 2023/10/10 18:42 MHDA- 2023/12/17 09:42 PMCR- 2023/12/15 CRDT- 2023/10/10 12:03 PHST- 2023/04/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/17 09:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/10 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/10 12:03 [entrez] PHST- 2023/12/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 171797 [pii] AID - 10.1172/JCI171797 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Invest. 2023 Dec 15;133(24):e171797. doi: 10.1172/JCI171797. PMID- 37796612 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231127 LR - 20250130 IS - 2379-3708 (Electronic) IS - 2379-3708 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 22 DP - 2023 Nov 22 TI - Airway surveillance and lung viral control by memory T cells induced by COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. LID - 10.1172/jci.insight.172510 [doi] LID - e172510 AB - Although SARS-CoV-2 evolution seeds a continuous stream of antibody-evasive viral variants, COVID-19 mRNA vaccines provide robust protection against severe disease and hospitalization. Here, we asked whether mRNA vaccine-induced memory T cells limit lung SARS-CoV-2 replication and severe disease. We show that mice and humans receiving booster BioNTech mRNA vaccine developed potent CD8 T cell responses and showed similar kinetics of expansion and contraction of granzyme B/perforin-expressing effector CD8 T cells. Both monovalent and bivalent mRNA vaccines elicited strong expansion of a heterogeneous pool of terminal effectors and memory precursor effector CD8 T cells in spleen, inguinal and mediastinal lymph nodes, pulmonary vasculature, and most surprisingly in the airways, suggestive of systemic and regional surveillance. Furthermore, we document that: (a) CD8 T cell memory persists in multiple tissues for > 200 days; (b) following challenge with pathogenic SARS-CoV-2, circulating memory CD8 T cells rapidly extravasate to the lungs and promote expeditious viral clearance, by mechanisms that require CD4 T cell help; and (c) adoptively transferred splenic memory CD8 T cells traffic to the airways and promote lung SARS-CoV-2 clearance. These findings provide insights into the critical role of memory T cells in preventing severe lung disease following breakthrough infections with antibody-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants. FAU - Kingstad-Bakke, Brock AU - Kingstad-Bakke B AD - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Cleven, Thomas AU - Cleven T AD - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Bussan, Hailey AU - Bussan H AD - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Yount, Boyd L Jr AU - Yount BL Jr AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Uraki, Ryuta AU - Uraki R AD - Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. AD - The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Kiyoko AU - Iwatsuki-Horimoto K AD - Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Koga, Michiko AU - Koga M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, and. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Yamamoto, Shinya AU - Yamamoto S AD - Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi AU - Yotsuyanagi H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, and. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Park, Hongtae AU - Park H AD - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Mishra, Jay S AU - Mishra JS AD - Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Kumar, Sathish AU - Kumar S AD - Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Baric, Ralph S AU - Baric RS AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Halfmann, Peter J AU - Halfmann PJ AD - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Kawaoka, Yoshihiro AU - Kawaoka Y AD - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. AD - Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. AD - The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. AD - The University of Tokyo, Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Suresh, M AU - Suresh M AD - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. LA - eng GR - R21 AI149793/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI173757/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI124299/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20231122 PL - United States TA - JCI Insight JT - JCI insight JID - 101676073 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Animals MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Memory T Cells MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Lung PMC - PMC10721330 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cellular immune response OT - Immunology OT - Memory OT - T cells EDAT- 2023/10/05 18:42 MHDA- 2023/11/27 12:42 PMCR- 2023/11/22 CRDT- 2023/10/05 12:03 PHST- 2023/05/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/27 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/05 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/05 12:03 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 172510 [pii] AID - 10.1172/jci.insight.172510 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JCI Insight. 2023 Nov 22;8(22):e172510. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.172510. PMID- 37792290 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231216 LR - 20240910 IS - 1099-1050 (Electronic) IS - 1057-9230 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Let's call! Using the phone to increase vaccine acceptance. PG - 82-106 LID - 10.1002/hec.4760 [doi] AB - In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we develop and test experimentally three phone-based interventions to increase vaccine acceptance in Mozambique. The first endorses the vaccine with a simple positive message. The second adds the activation of social memory on the country's success in eradicating wild polio with vaccination campaigns. The third further adds a structured interaction with the participant to develop a critical view toward misleading information and minimize the sharing of fake news. We find that combining the endorsement with the stimulation of social memory and the structured interaction increases vaccine acceptance and trust in institutions. CI - (c) 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Armand, Alex AU - Armand A AD - Nova School of Business and Economics, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, NOVAFRICA, CEPR, and Institute for Fiscal Studies, Carcavelos, Portugal. FAU - Fracchia, Mattia AU - Fracchia M AD - Nova School of Business and Economics, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, NOVAFRICA, Carcavelos, Portugal. FAU - Vicente, Pedro C AU - Vicente PC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9864-5012 AD - Nova School of Business and Economics, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, NOVAFRICA, BREAD, and CEPR, Carcavelos, Portugal. LA - eng GR - NA/International Growth Center/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231004 PL - England TA - Health Econ JT - Health economics JID - 9306780 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Pandemics/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Mozambique MH - Trust MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - Africa OT - COVID-19 OT - Mozambique OT - acceptance OT - fake news OT - hesitancy OT - information OT - inoculation theory OT - misinformation OT - social memory OT - trust OT - vaccines EDAT- 2023/10/04 12:42 MHDA- 2023/12/17 09:42 CRDT- 2023/10/04 11:16 PHST- 2023/08/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/17 09:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/04 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/04 11:16 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/hec.4760 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Health Econ. 2024 Jan;33(1):82-106. doi: 10.1002/hec.4760. Epub 2023 Oct 4. PMID- 41505577 STAT- Publisher PB - Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) CTI - PCORI Final Research Reports DP - 2023 Oct BTI - Testing an Education Program about COVID-19 Infection for People Living with Serious Mental Illness AB - BACKGROUND: People with serious mental illness (SMI), including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and severe depression, represent the population most at risk for health disparities in the United States, with multiple co-occurring medical and social vulnerabilities that place them at disproportionate risk for COVID-19 acquisition, morbidity, and mortality. Without education, training, and support for prevention of COVID-19, negative outcomes for this group could have spillover effects on the larger community. The COVID-19 pandemic emerged approximately 5 months after the launch in fall 2019 of our pragmatic clinical study, "Integrated Physical and Mental Health Self-Management Compared with Chronic Disease Self-Management," which compared the Integrated Illness Management and Recovery (IIMR) program, an intervention developed specifically for people with SMI, and the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP), developed for use in the general population. This study enrolled adult service users from 2 large community mental health centers: 1 in Louisville, Kentucky, and 1 in Clarksville, Tennessee. We applied for and received a COVID-19 Enhancement award to develop a 3-session intervention to add to IIMR so that we could teach people with SMI how to avoid catching or spreading COVID-19. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to (1) gather timely information about the needs of people with SMI and co-morbid medical illness in the context of the pandemic to inform the co-design of a 3-session module that would provide education and coaching on preventing COVID-19 and reducing social isolation and (2) evaluate the impact of the module on the primary and secondary outcomes (primary: knowledge and use of measures to prevent contracting and spreading COVID-19 developed for use in this study; secondary: use of health care services for COVID-19-related concerns and perceived isolation and social disconnectedness [social determinants of health]). We also explored differential response with respect to race and ethnicity (Black vs White adults), age (older [ie, 55 years of age or older] vs younger adults), and psychiatric diagnosis (schizophrenia spectrum vs mood disorders). METHODS: We first conducted a comprehensive needs assessment with both health care professionals and service users to inform co-development and evaluation of a tailored, individually delivered, 3-session COVID-19 educational and skills training intervention. The intervention would address topics such as knowledge about transmission and symptoms of COVID-19, vaccines, preventive behaviors, coping skills, and social connectedness. All participants were community-dwelling individuals recruited from the parent study who had a diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depression and a co-morbid medical condition who needed illness self-management training for 1 or both conditions. Participants were excluded from participating in the parent study if they were living in an institution (eg, hospital, nursing home), did not speak English, or had dementia or cognitive impairment based on a score less than 20 on the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. The COVID-19 module was delivered individually over 6 weeks to 80 participants randomly assigned in the parent study to receive IIMR; the 82 participants randomly assigned to receive the CDSMP who joined the Enhancement portion of the study did not receive the additional training on COVID-19. Both groups were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks using a scale we created to measure knowledge and engagement in behaviors to prevent COVID-19. Enrollment occurred from November 2020 to January 2022, with all follow-up assessments completed in April 2022. RESULTS: We conducted a needs assessment, then created a primary outcome measure corresponding to COVID-19 prevention knowledge and behaviors as well as a 3-session, tailored COVID-19 prevention module. Knowledge and enactment of the most widely promoted methods for preventing COVID-19 (ie, hand washing, masking, and physical distancing) did not differ between the groups and were broadly accepted. The intervention was associated with statistically significant modest improvements for the IIMR group vs the CDSMP group in prevention knowledge (mainly greater increase in rejection of prevention myths from baseline to follow-up) and greater increase from baseline to follow-up in knowledge of proper response to suspected symptoms of COVID-19. Those in the IIMR group also received the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at a higher rate than those in the CDSMP group (72% vs 63%), which did not reach statistical significance (Fisher exact test P = .17) but is a promising, clinically significant finding from a population health perspective. Analysis by site revealed the greatest difference in vaccination rates between the IIMR and CDSMP groups at the Kentucky site (85% vs 71%). The only statistically significant subgroup effect was the larger effect of IIMR on preventive knowledge among participants 55 years of age or older. There were no significant differences between or within the groups in knowledge of the symptoms of COVID-19, knowledge of how it can be transmitted or prevented, or attitudes about COVID-19-related behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: This project resulted in creation of an easy-to-use, manual-based, standardized, 3-session intervention that provides education and training on how to prevent COVID-19 and other highly contagious illnesses. The intervention was appealing and associated with modest statistically significant improvements in knowledge, with the greatest improvements in knowledge of proper responses to suspected symptoms of COVID-19 and a trend toward increased acceptance of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in people with SMI at high risk because of multiple health disparities. This unique intervention may also reduce risk of negative outcomes of COVID-19 or future pandemics for other at-risk groups. LIMITATIONS: The evolution of the pandemic, including shifting recommendations regarding safety measures, posed a challenge for participants and likely affected the study data (eg, responses to assessment questions may have been affected by local indoor mask mandates, vaccination status). Nevertheless, the study was delivered as intended, and outcomes of this real-world evaluation of a novel education and coaching intervention, as provided to a diverse group of individuals at high risk of negative outcomes from COVID-19, is generalizable to the broader population of people with SMI. CI - Copyright (c) 2023. Dartmouth-Hitchcock Clinic. All Rights Reserved. FAU - Pratt, Sarah AU - Pratt S AD - Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Clinic, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire FAU - Bartels, Stephen AU - Bartels S AD - The Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston FAU - Ferron, Joelle AU - Ferron J AD - Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Clinic, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire FAU - Santos, Meghan AU - Santos M AD - Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Clinic, Lebanon, New Hampshire FAU - Mueser, Kim AU - Mueser K AD - Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts LA - eng PT - Review PT - Book PL - Washington (DC) EDAT- 2023/10/01 00:00 CRDT- 2023/10/01 00:00 AID - NBK620128 [bookaccession] AID - 10.25302/10.2023.PCS.2017C27724IC [doi] PMID- 37777268 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231218 LR - 20231218 IS - 1658-3175 (Electronic) IS - 0379-5284 (Print) IS - 0379-5284 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 10 DP - 2023 Oct TI - Risk factors and characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Jordan. PG - 1054-1060 LID - 10.15537/smj.2023.44.20230209 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To investigate the occurrence and identify the factors contributing to hospitalization among individuals diagnosed with COVID-19. METHODS: From June 15, 2020 to September 30, 2020, a cross-sectional study utilizing an online questionnaire was carried out in Jordan. The study included 657 COVID-19 patients who had recovered and had reached a minimum of 3 months post-illness. Sociodemographic and COVID-19-related data were collected. The questionnaire was distributed to members of the "My Experience with COVID-19 Association" in Jordan. RESULTS: The prevalence of hospitalization among COVID-19 patients was 3%. Patients with hypertension (p=0.00), diabetes mellitus (p=0.00), and heart disease (p=0.009); using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) (p=0.00); with body mass indexes (BMI) above normal (p=0.005); and aged over 45 years (p=0.00) were at higher risk of hospitalization. Using an odds ratio (OR), hypertension (OR=7.1), diabetes mellitus (OR=11.4), heart disease (OR=6.3), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers use (OR=10.8), and having a BMI >25 (OR=5) were significant hospitalization risk factors. The seasonal influenza vaccine, smoking, and neuropsychological symptoms showed no significance. CONCLUSION: Identifying high-risk groups can help them monitor their health and take preventive measures against COVID-19 infection. CI - Copyright: (c) Saudi Medical Journal. FAU - Alqaisi, Rashed O AU - Alqaisi RO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3184-409X AD - From the Department of Public Health (Al-Kubaisy), Mutah University, Al-Karak; and from Ministry of Health (Almasri, Alfalayleh, Abughanam), Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Al-Kubaisy, Waqar A AU - Al-Kubaisy WA AD - From the Department of Public Health (Al-Kubaisy), Mutah University, Al-Karak; and from Ministry of Health (Almasri, Alfalayleh, Abughanam), Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Abughanam, Shahed N AU - Abughanam SN AD - From the Department of Public Health (Al-Kubaisy), Mutah University, Al-Karak; and from Ministry of Health (Almasri, Alfalayleh, Abughanam), Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Alfalayleh, Areen Z AU - Alfalayleh AZ AD - From the Department of Public Health (Al-Kubaisy), Mutah University, Al-Karak; and from Ministry of Health (Almasri, Alfalayleh, Abughanam), Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Almasri, Mohamad-Said H AU - Almasri MH AD - From the Department of Public Health (Al-Kubaisy), Mutah University, Al-Karak; and from Ministry of Health (Almasri, Alfalayleh, Abughanam), Irbid, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Saudi Arabia TA - Saudi Med J JT - Saudi medical journal JID - 7909441 RN - 0 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists) RN - 0 (Angiotensins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use MH - Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Jordan/epidemiology MH - *Hypertension/epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - *Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology MH - Hospitalization MH - *Heart Diseases MH - Angiotensins PMC - PMC10541976 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - comorbidity OT - drugs OT - hospitalization OT - risk factors EDAT- 2023/10/01 04:44 MHDA- 2023/12/18 06:41 PMCR- 2023/10/01 CRDT- 2023/09/30 20:52 PHST- 2023/06/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/18 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/01 04:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/30 20:52 [entrez] PHST- 2023/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 44/10/1054 [pii] AID - SaudiMedJ-44-10-1054 [pii] AID - 10.15537/smj.2023.44.20230209 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Saudi Med J. 2023 Oct;44(10):1054-1060. doi: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.20230209. PMID- 37766130 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231003 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 9 DP - 2023 Sep 4 TI - Single-Dose Intranasal Immunisation with Novel Chimeric H1N1 Expressing the Receptor-Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Induces Robust Mucosal Immunity, Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells, and Heterologous Protection in Mice. LID - 10.3390/vaccines11091453 [doi] LID - 1453 AB - Current COVID-19 vaccines can effectively reduce disease severity and hospitalisation; however, they are not considerably effective in preventing infection and transmission. In this context, mucosal vaccines are pertinent to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and spread. In this study, we generated a replication-competent recombinant chimeric influenza A virus (IAV) expressing the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of a SARS-CoV-2 prototype in the C-terminus of the neuraminidase (NA) of A/Puerto Rico/08/1934 H1N1 (PR8). The remaining seven segments from A/WSN/1933 H1N1 (WSN) were named PR8NARBD/WSN. We observed that the recombinant virus with the WSN backbone demonstrated improved expression of NA and RBD. A single intranasal dose of PR8NARBD/WSN(10(3)PFU) in mice generated robust mucosal immunity, neutralising antibodies, cellular immunity, and tissue-resident memory T cells specific to SARS-CoV-2 and IAV. Importantly, immunisation with PR8NARBD/WSN viruses effectively protected mice against lethal challenges with H1N1, H3N2 IAV, and SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant and significantly reduced lung viral loads. Overall, our research demonstrates the promising potential of PR8NARBD/WSN as an attractive vaccine against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and influenza A virus infections. FAU - Wang, Donghong AU - Wang D AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Deng, Yao AU - Deng Y AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Zhou, Jianfang AU - Zhou J AD - State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Wang, Wen AU - Wang W AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Huang, Baoying AU - Huang B AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Wang, Wenling AU - Wang W AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Wei, Lan AU - Wei L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4302-0613 AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Ren, Jiao AU - Ren J AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Han, Ruiwen AU - Han R AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. AD - Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. FAU - Bing, Jialuo AU - Bing J AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. AD - School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China. FAU - Zhai, Chengcheng AU - Zhai C AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Guo, Xiaoyan AU - Guo X AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Tan, Wenjie AU - Tan W AD - Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China. AD - Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. AD - School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China. LA - eng GR - grant number 2021YFC0863300 and 2022YFC23 04100/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 82041041/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230904 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC10537001 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - T cell immunity OT - heterologous protection OT - influenza virus OT - recombinant vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/09/28 06:43 MHDA- 2023/09/28 06:44 PMCR- 2023/09/04 CRDT- 2023/09/28 01:44 PHST- 2023/07/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/09/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/28 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/28 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/28 01:44 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11091453 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-01453 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11091453 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Sep 4;11(9):1453. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11091453. PMID- 37762029 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230929 LR - 20230930 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 18 DP - 2023 Sep 6 TI - Humoral and Cellular Immune Response Elicited by the BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Booster in Elderly. LID - 10.3390/ijms241813728 [doi] LID - 13728 AB - Although the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in older people are critical to their success, little is known about their immunogenicity among elderly residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs). A single-center prospective cohort study was conducted: a total IgG antibody titer, neutralizing antibodies against Wild-type, Delta Plus, and Omicron BA.2 variants and T cell response, were measured eight months after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine (T0) and at least 15 days after the booster (T1). Forty-nine LTCF residents, with a median age of 84.8 +/- 10.6 years, were enrolled. Previous COVID-19 infection was documented in 42.9% of the subjects one year before T0. At T1, the IgG titers increased up to 10-fold. This ratio was lower in the subjects with previous COVID-19 infection. At T1, IgG levels were similar in both groups. The neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.2 was significantly lower (65%) than that measured against Wild-type and Delta Plus (90%). A significant increase of T cell-specific immune response was observed after the booster. Frailty, older age, sex, cognitive impairment, and comorbidities did not affect antibody titers or T cell response. In the elderly sample analyzed, the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine produced immunogenicity regardless of frailty. FAU - Dalla Gasperina, Daniela AU - Dalla Gasperina D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1187-6222 AD - Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy. FAU - Veronesi, Giovanni AU - Veronesi G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4119-6615 AD - Research Centre in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy. FAU - Castelletti, Carlo M AU - Castelletti CM AD - Molina's Foundation, 21100 Varese, Italy. FAU - Varchetta, Stefania AU - Varchetta S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0289-2896 AD - Clinical Immunology-Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Ottolini, Sabrina AU - Ottolini S AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Mele, Dalila AU - Mele D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5217-2766 AD - Microbiology and Molecular Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Ferrari, Giuseppe AU - Ferrari G AD - Molina's Foundation, 21100 Varese, Italy. FAU - Shaik, Amruth K B AU - Shaik AKB AD - Laboratory of General Pathology and Immunology "Giovanna Tosi", Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy. FAU - Celesti, Fabrizio AU - Celesti F AD - Center for Immuno-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy. FAU - Dentali, Francesco AU - Dentali F AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy. FAU - Accolla, Roberto S AU - Accolla RS AD - Laboratory of General Pathology and Immunology "Giovanna Tosi", Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy. FAU - Forlani, Greta AU - Forlani G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1987-7761 AD - Laboratory of General Pathology and Immunology "Giovanna Tosi", Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy. LA - eng GR - NA/FONDAZIONE MOLINA/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230906 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - COVID-19 vaccine booster shot SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Prospective Studies MH - Humans MH - *Frailty MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Aged PMC - PMC10530943 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine OT - Omicron BA.2 OT - cellular immunity OT - long-term care facilities elderly residents OT - neutralizing antibodies COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the study's design; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2023/09/28 06:42 MHDA- 2023/09/29 06:44 PMCR- 2023/09/06 CRDT- 2023/09/28 01:16 PHST- 2023/08/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/29 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/28 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/28 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms241813728 [pii] AID - ijms-24-13728 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms241813728 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 6;24(18):13728. doi: 10.3390/ijms241813728. PMID- 37750775 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230927 LR - 20240326 IS - 1527-1315 (Electronic) IS - 0033-8419 (Linking) VI - 308 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Sep TI - Case 317: Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy with Axonal Spheroids and Pigmented Glia. PG - e220790 LID - 10.1148/radiol.220790 [doi] AB - A 44-year-old previously healthy man with a 9-month history of progressive cognitive decline, depression, urinary incontinence, and inability to perform tasks of daily living presented to the emergency department with worsening cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms. He had become more distressed, and his family noticed him departing the house without closing doors, leaving water faucets running, and sending his children to school on Sundays. History taken from the patient's wife revealed that his brother had passed away in his late 30s after a slowly progressing functional and cognitive decline over the course of 5 years. No further detailed family history could be obtained. The review of systems was negative; he had no prior medical, psychiatric, or surgical history; and he denied any history of recent travel, camping, hiking, or vaccination. The patient was not taking any dietary supplements, nor was he taking any over-the-counter or prescription medication. Examination revealed vital signs were within normal limits. Neurocognitive assessment revealed a conscious, coherent, and alert patient with impaired memory and concentration. He showed poor attention, depressed mood, and restricted affect. He was unable to spell the word world forward, nor was he able to understand a request to spell it backward. The rest of the physical and neurologic examination revealed no abnormalities. Extensive laboratory work-up was conducted and included the following: toxicology screening; screening for HIV-1, HIV-2, and syphilis treponemal antibodies; COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction; and measurement of B1 and B12 levels. The results of screening were negative. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assays, including CSF oligoclonal bands and CSF flow cytometry, revealed values within normal limits. CT of the brain without intravenous contrast material was performed in the emergency department to rule out acute intracranial abnormality. Multiplanar multisequence MRI of the brain without and with intravenous contrast material was ordered for further assessment. CT images of chest, abdomen, and pelvis were unremarkable (images not shown). FAU - Suthar, Pokhraj Prakashchandra AU - Suthar PP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7909-123X AD - From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612. FAU - Jhaveri, Miral AU - Jhaveri M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6733-0088 AD - From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612. FAU - Mafraji, Mustafa AU - Mafraji M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3316-6221 AD - From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Radiology JT - Radiology JID - 0401260 RN - 0 (Contrast Media) SB - IM EIN - Radiology. 2024 Mar;310(3):e249012. doi: 10.1148/radiol.249012. PMID: 38530185 MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Child MH - Contrast Media MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Leukoencephalopathies/diagnostic imaging MH - Brain MH - Administration, Intravenous EDAT- 2023/09/26 13:42 MHDA- 2023/09/27 06:42 CRDT- 2023/09/26 09:53 PHST- 2023/09/27 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/26 13:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/26 09:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1148/radiol.220790 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiology. 2023 Sep;308(3):e220790. doi: 10.1148/radiol.220790. PMID- 37738363 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230925 LR - 20231013 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 87 DP - 2023 Sep 29 TI - Regulatory circuits of mitophagy restrict distinct modes of cell death during memory CD8(+) T cell formation. PG - eadf7579 LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.adf7579 [doi] AB - Mitophagy, a central process guarding mitochondrial quality, is commonly impaired in human diseases such as Parkinson's disease, but its impact in adaptive immunity remains unclear. The differentiation and survival of memory CD8(+) T cells rely on oxidative metabolism, a process that requires robust mitochondrial quality control. Here, we found that Parkinson's disease patients have a reduced frequency of CD8(+) memory T cells compared with healthy donors and failed to form memory T cells upon vaccination against COVID-19, highlighting the importance of mitochondrial quality control for memory CD8(+) T cell formation. We further uncovered that regulators of mitophagy, including Parkin and NIX, were up-regulated in response to interleukin-15 (IL-15) for supporting memory T cell formation. Mechanistically, Parkin suppressed VDAC1-dependent apoptosis in memory T cells. In contrast, NIX expression in T cells counteracted ferroptosis by preventing metabolic dysfunction resulting from impaired mitophagy. Together, our results indicate that the mitophagy machinery orchestrates survival and metabolic dynamics required for memory T cell formation, as well as highlight a deficit in T cell-mediated antiviral responses in Parkinson's disease patients. FAU - Franco, Fabien AU - Franco F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6312-7840 AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Bevilacqua, Alessio AU - Bevilacqua A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7009-4362 AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Wu, Ruey-Mei AU - Wu RM AD - Neurology Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Kao, Kung-Chi AU - Kao KC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5756-6684 AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Lin, Chun-Pu AU - Lin CP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5874-8001 AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Rousseau, Lorene AU - Rousseau L AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-4135-0258 AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Peng, Fu-Ti AU - Peng FT AD - Neurology Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Chuang, Yu-Ming AU - Chuang YM AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Peng, Jhan-Jie AU - Peng JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8923-9234 AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. FAU - Park, Jaeoh AU - Park J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2699-371X AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Xu, Yingxi AU - Xu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0056-7440 AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Cassotta, Antonino AU - Cassotta A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8674-4294 AD - Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Yu, Yi-Ru AU - Yu YR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3562-3502 AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Speiser, Daniel E AU - Speiser DE AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - Sallusto, Federica AU - Sallusto F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3750-2752 AD - Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. AD - Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Ho, Ping-Chih AU - Ho PC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3078-3774 AD - Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland. AD - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230922 PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Memory T Cells MH - Mitophagy MH - *Parkinson Disease MH - *COVID-19 MH - Cell Death EDAT- 2023/09/22 18:42 MHDA- 2023/09/25 06:42 CRDT- 2023/09/22 14:05 PHST- 2023/09/25 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/22 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/22 14:05 [entrez] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.adf7579 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2023 Sep 29;8(87):eadf7579. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adf7579. Epub 2023 Sep 22. PMID- 37735592 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260310 LR - 20261010 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 10 DP - 2023 Oct TI - Prior vaccination promotes early activation of memory T cells and enhances immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection. PG - 1711-1724 LID - 10.1038/s41590-023-01613-y [doi] AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection of vaccinated individuals is increasingly common but rarely results in severe disease, likely due to the enhanced potency and accelerated kinetics of memory immune responses. However, there have been few opportunities to rigorously study early recall responses during human viral infection. To better understand human immune memory and identify potential mediators of lasting vaccine efficacy, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry and SARS-CoV-2 antigen probes to examine immune responses in longitudinal samples from vaccinated individuals infected during the Omicron wave. These studies revealed heightened spike-specific responses during infection of vaccinated compared to unvaccinated individuals. Spike-specific cluster of differentiation (CD)4 T cells and plasmablasts expanded and CD8 T cells were robustly activated during the first week. In contrast, memory B cell activation, neutralizing antibody production and primary responses to nonspike antigens occurred during the second week. Collectively, these data demonstrate the functionality of vaccine-primed immune memory and highlight memory T cells as rapid responders during SARS-CoV-2 infection. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. FAU - Painter, Mark M AU - Painter MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0180-2748 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Johnston, Timothy S AU - Johnston TS AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. AD - Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Lundgreen, Kendall A AU - Lundgreen KA AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Santos, Jefferson J S AU - Santos JJS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5895-4163 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Qin, Juliana S AU - Qin JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6352-9601 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Goel, Rishi R AU - Goel RR AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Apostolidis, Sokratis A AU - Apostolidis SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0224-0097 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Mathew, Divij AU - Mathew D AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Fulmer, Bria AU - Fulmer B AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Williams, Justine C AU - Williams JC AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - McKeague, Michelle L AU - McKeague ML AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Pattekar, Ajinkya AU - Pattekar A AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Goode, Ahmad AU - Goode A AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Nasta, Sean AU - Nasta S AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Baxter, Amy E AU - Baxter AE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1555-0713 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Giles, Josephine R AU - Giles JR AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Skelly, Ashwin N AU - Skelly AN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1565-3376 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Felley, Laura E AU - Felley LE AD - Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - McLaughlin, Maura AU - McLaughlin M AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Weaver, Joellen AU - Weaver J AD - Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. CN - Penn Medicine BioBank FAU - Kuthuru, Oliva AU - Kuthuru O AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Dougherty, Jeanette AU - Dougherty J AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Adamski, Sharon AU - Adamski S AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Long, Sherea AU - Long S AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Kee, Macy AU - Kee M AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Clendenin, Cynthia AU - Clendenin C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4535-2088 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - da Silva Antunes, Ricardo AU - da Silva Antunes R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9785-5272 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2209-5966 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7013-2250 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Huang, Alexander C AU - Huang AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0099-0492 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Rader, Daniel J AU - Rader DJ AD - Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Penn Medicine Biobank, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Hensley, Scott E AU - Hensley SE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2928-7506 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Bates, Paul AU - Bates P AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Greenplate, Allison R AU - Greenplate AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2614-3072 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Wherry, E John AU - Wherry EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0477-1956 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. AD - Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. LA - eng GR - AI082630/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - AI108545/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - AI155577/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - AI149680/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - U19AI082630/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - 75N9301900065/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - AI152236/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - UL1TR001878/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230921 PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - COVID-19 breakthrough infections SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2023 Feb 06:2023.02.05.527215. doi: 10.1101/2023.02.05.527215. PMID: 36798171 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Memory T Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Lymphocyte Activation/immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Female MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Breakthrough Infections FIR - Ritchie, Marylyn D IR - Ritchie MD FIR - Feldman, Michael D IR - Feldman MD FIR - Weaver, JoEllen IR - Weaver J FIR - Naseer, Nawar IR - Naseer N FIR - Poindexter, Afiya IR - Poindexter A FIR - Brock, Ashlei IR - Brock A FIR - Hu-Sain, Khadijah IR - Hu-Sain K FIR - Ko, Yi-An IR - Ko YA FIR - Livingstone, Meghan IR - Livingstone M FIR - Vadivieso, Fred IR - Vadivieso F FIR - Kloter, Ashley IR - Kloter A FIR - DerOhannessian, Stephanie IR - DerOhannessian S FIR - Tran, Teo IR - Tran T FIR - Morrel, Linda IR - Morrel L FIR - Haubein, Ned IR - Haubein N FIR - Dunn, Joseph IR - Dunn J FIR - Verma, Anurag IR - Verma A FIR - Morse, Colleen IR - Morse C FIR - Risman, Marjorie IR - Risman M FIR - Judy, Renae IR - Judy R FIR - Verma, Shefali S IR - Verma SS FIR - Bradford, Yuki IR - Bradford Y FIR - Dudek, Scott IR - Dudek S FIR - Drivas, Theodore IR - Drivas T EDAT- 2023/09/22 06:42 MHDA- 2026/03/10 18:37 CRDT- 2023/09/22 01:32 PHST- 2023/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/10 18:37 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/22 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/22 01:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41590-023-01613-y [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-023-01613-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2023 Oct;24(10):1711-1724. doi: 10.1038/s41590-023-01613-y. Epub 2023 Sep 21. PMID- 37727759 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240924 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2023 TI - Longitudinal clinical phenotyping of post COVID condition in Mexican adults recovering from severe COVID-19: a prospective cohort study. PG - 1236702 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2023.1236702 [doi] LID - 1236702 AB - INTRODUCTION: Few studies have evaluated the presence of Post COVID-19 conditions (PCC) in people from Latin America, a region that has been heavily afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we describe the frequency, co-occurrence, predictors, and duration of 23 symptoms in a cohort of Mexican patients with PCC. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled and followed adult patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 at a tertiary care centre in Mexico City. The incidence of PCC symptoms was determined using questionnaires. Unsupervised clustering of PCC symptom co-occurrence and Kaplan-Meier analyses of symptom persistence were performed. The effect of baseline clinical characteristics was evaluated using Cox regression models and reported with hazard ratios (HR). RESULTS: We found that amongst 192 patients with PCC, respiratory problems were the most prevalent and commonly co-occurred with functional activity impairment. 56% had >/=5 persistent symptoms. Symptom persistence probability at 360 days 0.78. Prior SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection during the Delta variant wave were associated with a shorter duration of PCC. Male sex was associated with a shorter duration of functional activity impairment and respiratory symptoms. Hypertension and diabetes were associated with a longer duration of functional impairment. Previous vaccination accelerated PCC recovery. DISCUSSION: In our cohort, PCC symptoms were frequent (particularly respiratory and neurocognitive ones) and persistent. Importantly, prior SARS-CoV-2 vaccination resulted in a shorter duration of PCC. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Nunez, Gillard, Fragoso-Saavedra, Feyaerts, Islas-Weinstein, Gallegos-Guzman, Valente-Garcia, Meyerowitz, Kelly, Chen, Ganio, Benkendorff, Flores-Gouyonnet, Dammann-Beltran, Heredia-Gonzalez, Rangel-Gutierrez, Blish, Nadeau, Nolan, Crispin, McIlwain, Gaudilliere and Valdes-Ferrer. FAU - Nunez, Isaac AU - Nunez I AD - Department of Medical Education, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Division of Postrgraduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Gillard, Joshua AU - Gillard J AD - Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands. AD - Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands. AD - Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands. AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Fragoso-Saavedra, Sergio AU - Fragoso-Saavedra S AD - Department of Medical Education, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Division of Postrgraduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Combined Study Plan in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Feyaerts, Dorien AU - Feyaerts D AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Islas-Weinstein, Leon AU - Islas-Weinstein L AD - Department of Neurology & Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Gallegos-Guzman, Angel A AU - Gallegos-Guzman AA AD - Department of Neurology & Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Valente-Garcia, Uriel AU - Valente-Garcia U AD - Department of Neurology & Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Meyerowitz, Justin AU - Meyerowitz J AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Kelly, J Daniel AU - Kelly JD AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States. AD - Institute for Global Health Sciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States. AD - F.IProctor Foundation, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States. FAU - Chen, Han AU - Chen H AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Ganio, Edward AU - Ganio E AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Benkendorff, Alexander AU - Benkendorff A AD - Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Flores-Gouyonnet, Jaime AU - Flores-Gouyonnet J AD - Department of Neurology & Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Dammann-Beltran, Pedro AU - Dammann-Beltran P AD - Department of Neurology & Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Heredia-Gonzalez, Jose Francisco AU - Heredia-Gonzalez JF AD - Combined Study Plan in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Rangel-Gutierrez, Gabriela A AU - Rangel-Gutierrez GA AD - Combined Study Plan in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Blish, Catherine A AU - Blish CA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. AD - Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, United States. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Nadeau, Kari C AU - Nadeau KC AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. AD - Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. AD - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Nolan, Garry AU - Nolan G AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Crispin, Jose C AU - Crispin JC AD - School of Medicine and Health Sciencies, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - McIlwain, David R AU - McIlwain DR AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Gaudilliere, Brice AU - Gaudilliere B AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States. FAU - Valdes-Ferrer, Sergio I AU - Valdes-Ferrer SI AD - Department of Neurology & Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. AD - Center for Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, New York, NY, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230824 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC10505811 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mexico OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - long COVID OT - persistent COVID OT - post-COVID-19 conditions COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/09/20 06:42 MHDA- 2023/09/20 06:43 PMCR- 2023/08/24 CRDT- 2023/09/20 03:57 PHST- 2023/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/20 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/20 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/20 03:57 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2023.1236702 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Aug 24;10:1236702. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1236702. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37724524 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230921 LR - 20250617 IS - 1607-842X (Electronic) IS - 0891-6934 (Print) IS - 0891-6934 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Dec TI - SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific regulatory T cells (Treg) expand and develop memory in vaccine recipients suggesting a role for immune regulation in preventing severe symptoms in COVID-19. PG - 2259133 LID - 10.1080/08916934.2023.2259133 [doi] AB - We enrolled healthy subjects that received 2 to 4 injections of mRNA-based vaccination to prevent COVID-19 months to a year from the last vaccine boost, and we found numerous SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific regulatory T cell (Treg) that developed T cell memory as effector memory T cells (T(EM)) and central memory T cells (T(CM)). CD4+ CD25(high) Treg expressed the chemokine receptor CCR6 in a considerable percentage, suggesting T cell homing to the vascular endothelium, lung and gut epithelial cells and brain. Treg phenotype was different than peripherally-induced Treg (pTreg) that revert from pro-inflammatory T cells under repeated stimulatory conditions, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific Treg differentiated from naive T cells in tissues where the SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins were synthetized. Twenty two of 22 subjects studied responded to vaccination developing a spike-specific CD4+ T helper (Th)1 response, and 20 of 22 developing a spike-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTL) response. However, in vaccine recipients the expansion of spike-specific pro-inflammatory T cells was less significant than the expansion of spike-specific Treg. Effector (T(EM)) and central memory (T(CM)) Treg were numerous as early as after two vaccine doses, with no significant differences following additional vaccine boosts. In co-culture experiments under stimulatory conditions, Treg regulated naive T cell differentiation toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype and suppressed interferon (IFN)gamma production by SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 + Th1 cells. FAU - Franco, Alessandra AU - Franco A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4840-8182 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Song, Jaeyoon AU - Song J AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Chambers, Christina AU - Chambers C AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. LA - eng GR - P50 HD106463/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230919 PL - England TA - Autoimmunity JT - Autoimmunity JID - 8900070 RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory MH - *Vaccines MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC12167603 MID - NIHMS2085579 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immune regulation OT - Regulatory T cells (Treg) OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell memory OT - Vaccine COIS- Disclosure statement The authors declare no conflict of interest. LJI has filed for patent protection for various aspects of vaccine design and identification of specific epitopes. EDAT- 2023/09/19 17:42 MHDA- 2023/09/21 06:42 PMCR- 2025/06/15 CRDT- 2023/09/19 06:43 PHST- 2023/09/21 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/19 17:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/19 06:43 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1080/08916934.2023.2259133 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Autoimmunity. 2023 Dec;56(1):2259133. doi: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2259133. Epub 2023 Sep 19. PMID- 37716377 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260312 LR - 20261007 IS - 1090-2139 (Electronic) IS - 0889-1591 (Linking) VI - 114 DP - 2023 Nov TI - Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the psychiatric post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A one-year retrospective cohort analysis of 33,908 patients. PG - 453-461 LID - S0889-1591(23)00272-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.008 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Early prevention and management of psychiatric symptoms in long COVID (or post-COVID-19 conditions) are crucial for reducing long-term disability. Existing clinical guidelines recommend the use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as a promising therapeutic approach for various common psychiatric disorders due to their anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective characteristics. This study aims to investigate the potential efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs in alleviating the psychiatric sequelae following COVID-19. METHODS: This 1-year retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX electronic health records network to examine the effects of omega-3 PUFAs supplements on psychiatric sequelae in adults diagnosed with COVID-19. Using propensity-score matching, the study compared those who used omega-3 PUFAs supplements with those who did not, assessing outcomes including depression, anxiety disorders, insomnia, and other somatic conditions up to a year after COVID-19 diagnosis. RESULTS: In 16,962 patients who received omega-3 PUFAs supplements and 2,248,803 who did not, omega-3 supplementation significantly reduced the risk of developing psychiatric sequelae post-COVID-19 diagnosis (HR, 0.804; 95% CI, 0.729 to 0.888). Specifically, the risks for depression (HR, 0.828; 95% CI, 0.714 to 0.960), anxiety disorders (HR, 0.833; 95% CI, 0.743 to 0.933), and insomnia (HR, 0.679; 95% CI, 0.531 to 0.869) were reduced in the omega-3 group. This effect was consistent across sex, race, 18-59 age group, and patients with less than two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. The omega-3 group also had a lower risk of cough and myalgia, but no significant difference was noted for other symptoms like chest pain, abnormal breathing, abdominal issues, fatigue, headache, and cognitive symptoms. CONCLUSION: Omega-3 PUFAs may require re-evaluation as a preventive strategy against adverse mental health outcomes post-COVID-19 in placebo-controlled clinical trials. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Liu, Ting-Hui AU - Liu TH AD - Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Ho, Chung-Han AU - Ho CH AD - Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Chen, Daniel Tzu-Li AU - Chen DT AD - School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung. FAU - Wu, Jheng-Yan AU - Wu JY AD - Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan. FAU - Huang, Po-Yu AU - Huang PY AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan. FAU - Lai, Chih-Cheng AU - Lai CC AD - Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. FAU - Hsieh, Kuang-Yang AU - Hsieh KY AD - Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan. FAU - Su, Kuan-Pin AU - Su KP AD - Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; King's College London, London, UK; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan. Electronic address: cobol@cmu.edu.tw. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230915 PL - Netherlands TA - Brain Behav Immun JT - Brain, behavior, and immunity JID - 8800478 RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use/administration & dosage MH - *COVID-19/psychology/complications MH - Female MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Dietary Supplements MH - Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Aged MH - Anxiety Disorders/prevention & control MH - Depression/prevention & control MH - *Mental Disorders MH - Pandemics OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long-COVID OT - Omega-3 PUFAs OT - Post-COVID-19 condition OT - Psychiatric OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/09/17 00:41 MHDA- 2026/03/12 07:04 CRDT- 2023/09/16 19:12 PHST- 2023/07/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/09/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/12 07:04 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/17 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/16 19:12 [entrez] AID - S0889-1591(23)00272-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun. 2023 Nov;114:453-461. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.008. Epub 2023 Sep 15. PMID- 37714919 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230918 LR - 20231121 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Sep 15 TI - Risk of long COVID main symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 15332 LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-42321-9 [doi] LID - 15332 AB - This review aimed to summarise the relative risk (RR) of the main symptoms of long COVID in people infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared to uninfected controls, as well as the difference in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after infection. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, NLM-LitCovid, WHO-COVID-19, arXiv and Europe-PMC were searched up to 23rd March 2022. Studies reporting risk (four or more weeks after infection) of fatigue, shortness of breath, and cognitive dysfunction, as well as comparative HRQoL outcomes, were included. Pairwise random-effects meta-analyses were performed to pool risks of individual symptoms. Thirty-three studies were identified; twenty studies reporting symptom risks were included in the meta-analyses. Overall, infection with SARS-CoV-2 carried significantly higher risk of fatigue (RR 1.72, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.41, 2.10), shortness of breath (RR 2.60, 95% CIs 1.96, 3.44), memory difficulties (RR 2.53, 95% CIs 1.30, 4.93), and concentration difficulties (RR 2.14, 95% CIs 1.25, 3.67). Quality of life findings were varied and comparisons between studies were challenging due to different HRQoL instruments used and study heterogeneity, although studies indicated that severe hospitalised COVID is associated with a significantly poorer HRQoL after infection. These risks are likely to constantly change as vaccines, reinfections, and new variants alter global immunity. CI - (c) 2023. Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Marjenberg, Zoe AU - Marjenberg Z AD - Maverex Ltd, Suite A, 168 Brinkburn Street, The Old Public Library, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE6 2AR, UK. zoemarjenberg@maverex.com. FAU - Leng, Sean AU - Leng S AD - Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Immune Remodelling, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. AD - W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Tascini, Carlo AU - Tascini C AD - Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Medicine (DAME), Udine University, Udine, Italy. FAU - Garg, Megha AU - Garg M AD - Maverex Ltd, Suite A, 168 Brinkburn Street, The Old Public Library, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE6 2AR, UK. FAU - Misso, Kate AU - Misso K AD - Maverex Ltd, Suite A, 168 Brinkburn Street, The Old Public Library, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE6 2AR, UK. FAU - El Guerche Seblain, Clotilde AU - El Guerche Seblain C AD - Sanofi, Lyon, France. FAU - Shaikh, Nabila AU - Shaikh N AD - Sanofi, Reading, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20230915 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Quality of Life MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Dyspnea MH - Fatigue/etiology PMC - PMC10504382 COIS- Review funded by Sanofi. Sean Leng and Carlo Tascini have no conflicts to declare. Nabila Shaikh and Clotilde El Guerche Seblain are employees of Sanofi and hold stock and/or stock options in the company. Zoe Marjenberg, Megha Garg and Kate Misso are employees of Maverex Ltd and received funding for their role in conducting the SLR. EDAT- 2023/09/16 05:41 MHDA- 2023/09/18 12:44 PMCR- 2023/09/15 CRDT- 2023/09/15 23:24 PHST- 2023/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/16 05:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/15 23:24 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-42321-9 [pii] AID - 42321 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-42321-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 15;13(1):15332. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-42321-9. PMID- 40078747 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250314 IS - 2590-0536 (Electronic) IS - 2096-6962 (Print) IS - 2590-0536 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Rare peptide anchors of HLA class I alleles contribute to the COVID-19 disease severity and T cell memory. PG - 355-362 LID - 10.1016/j.bsheal.2023.09.002 [doi] AB - Understanding how human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphism affects both the susceptibility and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection will help to identify individuals at higher risk to better manage and prioritize vaccination at the clinical level and explain the differences in epidemic trends in different regions at the epidemiological level. This study compared the frequencies of HLA class I alleles (HLA-A, B) in 214 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with different disease severity and 35 healthy controls and analyzed the correlations between specific HLA alleles and disease severity and T cell memory. The results showed no significant difference in HLA allele frequencies between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls (P > 0.05). The allele HLA-B*13:02 was significantly correlated with the disease severity of COVID-19 patients (P = 0.006). After adjustment for age and disease severity, the T cell responses of COVID-19 convalescents with the allele HLA-B*40:01 may be lower at six months (P = 0.044) and 12 months (P = 0.069). Moreover, these results may be due to their rare peptide anchors by analyzing the binding peptide motifs of these HLA alleles. The study may be valuable for investigating the potential association of specific HLA alleles with SARS-CoV-2 infection. CI - (c) 2023 Chinese Medical Association Publishing House. Published by Elsevier BV. FAU - Wang, Xin AU - Wang X AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Zhang, Jie AU - Zhang J AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China. AD - Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100015, China. AD - National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China. FAU - Guo, Peipei AU - Guo P AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Guo, Yuanyuan AU - Guo Y AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Yang, Xiaonan AU - Yang X AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. FAU - Liu, Maoshun AU - Liu M AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China. AD - School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. FAU - Zhang, Danni AU - Zhang D AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Guo, Yaxin AU - Guo Y AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China. FAU - Zhan, Jianbo AU - Zhan J AD - Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China. FAU - Cai, Kun AU - Cai K AD - Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China. FAU - Zhou, Jikun AU - Zhou J AD - Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050011, China. FAU - Dong, Shaobo AU - Dong S AD - Macheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huanggang 438300, China. FAU - Liu, Jun AU - Liu J AD - NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230914 PL - Netherlands TA - Biosaf Health JT - Biosafety and health JID - 101768009 PMC - PMC11895035 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Disease severity OT - HLA OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Susceptibility EDAT- 2023/09/14 00:00 MHDA- 2023/09/14 00:01 PMCR- 2023/09/14 CRDT- 2025/03/13 04:42 PHST- 2023/06/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/14 00:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/14 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/13 04:42 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2590-0536(23)00109-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bsheal.2023.09.002 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biosaf Health. 2023 Sep 14;5(6):355-362. doi: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2023.09.002. eCollection 2023 Dec. PMID- 37701787 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230915 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 33 DP - 2023 Nov TI - The interplay between previous infection and mental health condition on antibody response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. PG - 100677 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100677 [doi] LID - 100677 AB - Increasing evidence has been pointing towards the existence of a bi-directional interplay between mental health condition and immunity. Data collected during the COVID-19 outbreak suggest that depressive symptoms may impact the production of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, while a previous infection could affect the immune response and cause neuropsychological disturbances. A prospective observational study was designed to investigate the association between mental health conditions and immune response over time. We analyzed the mental health at baseline and the antibodies before and after immunization with the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in a cohort of healthcare professionals in southern Switzerland. One-hundred and six subjects were enrolled. Anxiety, distress and depression correlated to each other. There were no correlations between the mentioned variables and the vaccine induced IgG antibodies against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein. For those who had a previous COVID-19 infection, the antibodies increased according to the grade of depression. For those who did not, the anti-RBD IgG levels remained similar when comparing presence or absence of depression symptoms. Our results show that previous SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in subjects with mental health conditions enhances the immune response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. The correlation between immune response to COVID-19 vaccination, a previous exposure to the virus, and symptoms of mood disorders, makes it necessary to explore the direction of the causality between immune response and depressive symptoms. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. FAU - Grignoli, Nicola AU - Grignoli N AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valleys, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona and Universita della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. AD - Cantonal Sociopsychiatric Organisation, Public Health Division, Department of Health and Social Care, Repubblica e Cantone Ticino, Mendrisio, Switzerland. FAU - Petrocchi, Serena AU - Petrocchi S AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Polito, Andrea AU - Polito A AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Regional Hospital of Mendrisio and Universita della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Gagliano, Vanessa AU - Gagliano V AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valleys, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona and Universita della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Sallusto, Federica AU - Sallusto F AD - Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. AD - Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Uguccioni, Mariagrazia AU - Uguccioni M AD - Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy. FAU - Gabutti, Luca AU - Gabutti L AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valleys, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona and Universita della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230825 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC10493882 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibody response OT - Anxiety OT - COVID-19 mRNA vaccination OT - Depression OT - Healthcare professionals OT - Previous infection OT - Secondary immunity response OT - Stress COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/09/13 06:41 MHDA- 2023/09/13 06:42 PMCR- 2023/08/25 CRDT- 2023/09/13 04:12 PHST- 2023/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/13 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/13 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/13 04:12 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(23)00091-1 [pii] AID - 100677 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100677 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2023 Aug 25;33:100677. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100677. eCollection 2023 Nov. PMID- 37690503 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250421 LR - 20260202 IS - 1555-7162 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9343 (Print) IS - 0002-9343 (Linking) VI - 138 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Feb TI - Physical Health and Mental Fatigue Disability Associated with Long COVID: Baseline Results from a US Nationwide Cohort. PG - 287-297.e21 LID - S0002-9343(23)00540-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.08.009 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Persistent symptoms after severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2; long COVID) occur in 10%-55% of individuals, but the impact on daily functioning and disability remains unquantified. METHODS: To characterize disability associated with long COVID, we analyzed baseline data from an online, US-based cohort study. Adult participants included those reporting a history of COVID-19 (n = 8874) or never having COVID-19 (n = 633) without prior disability. The main outcomes were self-reported physical mobility, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and mental fatigue disability, assessed by measuring 5 disability components: difficulty walking a quarter mile or climbing 10 stairs (mobility), difficulty doing light or heavy housework (IADL), and Wood Mental Fatigue Inventory score (mental fatigue). RESULTS: Of 7926 participants with long COVID, 65% were classified with at least one disability, as compared with 6% and 14% for resolved COVID and no COVID, respectively. Additionally, 22% were classified as disabled in all 3 categories. Age, prior comorbidity, increased body mass index, female sex, COVID-19 hospitalization, non-white/multi-race were associated with higher disability burden. Dizziness and heavy limbs at infection were associated with disability regardless of hospitalization. Dyspnea and tremors were associated with disability in non-hospitalized individuals. Vaccination was protective against disability. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a high burden of new disability associated with long COVID, which has serious implications for individual and societal health. Longitudinal evaluation of COVID-19 patients is necessary to identify patterns of recovery and treatment options. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lau, Bryan AU - Lau B AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md. FAU - Wentz, Eryka AU - Wentz E AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md. FAU - Ni, Zhanmo AU - Ni Z AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md. FAU - Yenokyan, Karine AU - Yenokyan K AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md. FAU - Vergara, Candelaria AU - Vergara C AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md. FAU - Mehta, Shruti H AU - Mehta SH AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md. FAU - Duggal, Priya AU - Duggal P AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md. Electronic address: pduggal@jhu.edu. LA - eng GR - P30 AI094189/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230909 PL - United States TA - Am J Med JT - The American journal of medicine JID - 0267200 SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2022 Dec 07:2022.12.07.22283203. doi: 10.1101/2022.12.07.22283203. PMID: 36523402 MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology/psychology MH - Middle Aged MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Adult MH - Activities of Daily Living MH - *Mental Fatigue/epidemiology/etiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Aged MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Cohort Studies MH - Disability Evaluation MH - *Persons with Disabilities/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC10924070 MID - NIHMS1940394 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long COVID OT - Mental fatigue OT - Physical disability COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: We have no conflicts to disclose. EDAT- 2023/09/11 00:42 MHDA- 2025/02/13 05:26 PMCR- 2026/02/01 CRDT- 2023/09/10 19:23 PHST- 2023/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/13 05:26 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/11 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/10 19:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0002-9343(23)00540-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.08.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Med. 2025 Feb;138(2):287-297.e21. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.08.009. Epub 2023 Sep 9. PMID- 37682315 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231023 LR - 20261010 IS - 1432-1459 (Electronic) IS - 0340-5354 (Linking) VI - 270 IP - 11 DP - 2023 Nov TI - Pitfalls and biases in neuroepidemiological studies of COVID-19 and the nervous system: a critical appraisal of the current evidence and future directions. PG - 5162-5170 LID - 10.1007/s00415-023-11981-y [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Neurological manifestations frequently occur in individuals with COVID-19, manifesting during the acute phase, persisting beyond the resolution of acute symptoms, and appearing days or weeks after the initial onset of COVID-19 symptoms. However, predicting the incidence, course, and outcome of these neurological manifestations at the individual patient level remains challenging. Biases in study design and limitations in data collection may contribute to the inconsistency and limited validity of the reported findings. Herein, we focused on critically appraising pitfalls and biases of prior reports and provide guidance for improving the quality and standardization of future research. Patients with COVID-19 exhibit diverse demographic features, sociocultural backgrounds, lifestyle habits, and comorbidities, all of which can influence the severity and progression of the infection and its impact on other organ systems. Overlooked or undocumented comorbidities and related treatments may contribute to neurological sequelae, which may not solely be attributable to COVID-19. It is crucial to consider the potential side effects of vaccines in relation to neurological manifestations. CONCLUSION: To investigate neurological manifestations of COVID-19, it is essential to employ valid and reliable diagnostic criteria and standard definitions of the factors of interest. Although population-based studies are lacking, well-defined inception cohorts, including hospitalized individuals, outpatients, and community residents, can serve as valuable compromises. These cohorts should be evaluated for the presence of common comorbidities, alongside documenting the primary non-neurological manifestations of the infectious disease. Lastly, patients with COVID-19 should be followed beyond the acute phase to assess the persistence, duration, and severity of neurological symptoms, signs, or diseases. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany. FAU - Beghi, Ettore AU - Beghi E AD - Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerch Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy. FAU - Ivashynka, Andrei AU - Ivashynka A AD - Department of Parkinson's Disease, Movement Disorders and Brain Injury Rehabilitation, "Moriggia-Pelascini" Hospital, Gravedona ed Uniti, Italy. FAU - Logroscino, Giancarlo AU - Logroscino G AD - Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" at "Pia Fondazione Card. G. Panico" Hospital Tricase, Lecce, Italy. FAU - de Oliveira, Fabricio Ferreira AU - de Oliveira FF AD - Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Fleisher, Jori E AU - Fleisher JE AD - Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Dumitrascu, Oana M AU - Dumitrascu OM AD - Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA. FAU - Patel, Roshni AU - Patel R AD - Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. AD - Neurology Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Savica, Rodolfo AU - Savica R AD - Department of Neurology and Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Kim, Yun Jin AU - Kim YJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8853-6587 AD - School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia. yjkim@xmu.edu.my. LA - eng GR - XMUMRF/2020-C6/ITCM/0004/Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230908 PL - Germany TA - J Neurol JT - Journal of neurology JID - 0423161 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology/etiology/diagnosis MH - Bias MH - Disease Progression OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Nervous system OT - Review EDAT- 2023/09/08 12:42 MHDA- 2023/10/23 00:42 CRDT- 2023/09/08 11:05 PHST- 2023/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/10/23 00:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/08 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/08 11:05 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00415-023-11981-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00415-023-11981-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurol. 2023 Nov;270(11):5162-5170. doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-11981-y. Epub 2023 Sep 8. PMID- 37673862 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230908 LR - 20240924 IS - 2041-4889 (Electronic) VI - 14 IP - 9 DP - 2023 Sep 6 TI - Immune landscape and redox imbalance during neurological disorders in COVID-19. PG - 593 LID - 10.1038/s41419-023-06102-6 [doi] LID - 593 AB - The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has prompted the scientific community to explore potential treatments or vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes the illness. While SARS-CoV-2 is mostly considered a respiratory pathogen, several neurological complications have been reported, raising questions about how it may enter the Central Nervous System (CNS). Receptors such as ACE2, CD147, TMPRSS2, and NRP1 have been identified in brain cells and may be involved in facilitating SARS-CoV-2 entry into the CNS. Moreover, proteins like P2X7 and Panx-1 may contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Additionally, the role of the immune system in the gravity of COVID-19 has been investigated with respect to both innate and adaptive immune responses caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can lead to a cytokine storm, tissue damage, and neurological manifestations. A redox imbalance has also been linked to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, potentially causing mitochondrial dysfunction, and generating proinflammatory cytokines. This review summarizes different mechanisms of reactive oxygen species and neuro-inflammation that may contribute to the development of severe COVID-19, and recent progress in the study of immunological events and redox imbalance in neurological complications of COVID-19, and the role of bioinformatics in the study of neurological implications of COVID-19. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Thakur, Abhimanyu AU - Thakur A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0846-0998 AD - Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation-CAS Limited, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong. abithakur1211@gmail.com. FAU - Sharma, Vartika AU - Sharma V AD - Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Averbek, Sera AU - Averbek S AD - GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany. AD - Technische Universitat Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. FAU - Liang, Lifan AU - Liang L AD - University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Pandya, Nirali AU - Pandya N AD - Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Kumar, Gaurav AU - Kumar G AD - School of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Clinical Research, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Cili, Alma AU - Cili A AD - Clinic of Hematology, University of Medicine, University Hospital center "Mother Teresa", Tirane, Albania. FAU - Zhang, Kui AU - Zhang K AD - State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. zhangk87@gmail.com. AD - Cancer Centre, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. zhangk87@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20230906 PL - England TA - Cell Death Dis JT - Cell death & disease JID - 101524092 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Nervous System Diseases MH - Central Nervous System MH - Oxidation-Reduction PMC - PMC10482955 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/09/07 00:41 MHDA- 2023/09/08 06:42 PMCR- 2023/09/06 CRDT- 2023/09/06 23:15 PHST- 2023/03/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/09/08 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/07 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/06 23:15 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41419-023-06102-6 [pii] AID - 6102 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41419-023-06102-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cell Death Dis. 2023 Sep 6;14(9):593. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-06102-6. PMID- 37672962 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230918 LR - 20230926 IS - 1879-1646 (Electronic) IS - 0167-6296 (Linking) VI - 91 DP - 2023 Sep TI - Cognitive ability, health policy, and the dynamics of COVID-19 vaccination. PG - 102802 LID - S0167-6296(23)00079-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2023.102802 [doi] AB - We examine the relationship between cognitive ability and prompt COVID-19 vaccination using individual-level data on more than 700,000 individuals in Sweden. We find a strong positive association between cognitive ability and swift vaccination, which remains even after controlling for confounding variables with a twin-design. The results suggest that the complexity of the vaccination decision may make it difficult for individuals with lower cognitive abilities to understand the benefits of vaccination. Consistent with this, we show that simplifying the vaccination decision through pre-booked vaccination appointments alleviates almost all of the inequality in vaccination behavior. CI - Copyright (c) 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Elinder, Mikael AU - Elinder M AD - Department of Economics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Erixson, Oscar AU - Erixson O AD - Institute for Housing and Urban Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: oscar.erixson@ibf.uu.se. FAU - Ohman, Mattias AU - Ohman M AD - Institute for Housing and Urban Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230819 PL - Netherlands TA - J Health Econ JT - Journal of health economics JID - 8410622 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Health Policy MH - Cognition MH - Sweden/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Administrative data OT - COVID-19 OT - Intelligence OT - Nudge OT - Twin-design OT - Vaccination COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no relevant or material financial interests that relate to the research described in this paper. EDAT- 2023/09/07 00:41 MHDA- 2023/09/18 12:44 CRDT- 2023/09/06 18:13 PHST- 2023/05/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/07 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/06 18:13 [entrez] AID - S0167-6296(23)00079-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2023.102802 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Health Econ. 2023 Sep;91:102802. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2023.102802. Epub 2023 Aug 19. PMID- 37672867 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260311 LR - 20260311 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 96 DP - 2023 Oct TI - Lower magnitude and faster waning of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in anti-TNF-alpha-treated IBD patients are linked to lack of activation and expansion of cTfh1 cells and impaired B memory cell formation. PG - 104788 LID - S2352-3964(23)00354-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104788 [doi] LID - 104788 AB - BACKGROUND: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy controls received primary SARS-CoV-2-mRNA vaccination and a booster after six months. Anti-TNF-alpha-treated patients showed significantly lower antibody (Ab) levels and faster waning than alpha4beta7-integrin-antagonist recipients and controls. This prospective cohort study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms on the basis of circulating T-follicular helper cells (cTfh) and B memory cells. METHODS: We measured SARS-CoV-2- Wuhan and Omicron specific Abs, B- and T-cell subsets at baseline and kinetics of Spike (S)-specific B memory cells along with distributions of activated cTfh subsets before and after primary and booster vaccination. FINDINGS: Lower and faster waning of Ab levels in anti-TNF-alpha treated IBD patients was associated with low numbers of total and naive B cells vs. expanded plasmablasts prior to vaccination. Along with their low Ab levels against Wuhan and Omicron VOCs, reduced S-specific B memory cells were identified after the 2nd dose which declined to non-detectable after 6 months. In contrast, IBD patients with alpha4beta7-integrin-antagonists and controls mounted and retained high Ab levels after the 2nd dose, which was associated with a pronounced increase in S-specific B memory cells that were maintained or expanded up to 6 months. Booster vaccination led to a strong increase of Abs with neutralizing capacity and S-specific B memory cells in these groups, which was not the case in anti-TNF-alpha treated IBD patients. Of note, Ab levels and S-specific B memory cells in particular post-booster correlated with the activation of cTfh1 cells after primary vaccination. INTERPRETATIONS: The reduced magnitude, persistence and neutralization capacity of SARS-CoV-2 specific Abs after vaccination in anti-TNF-alpha-treated IBD patients were associated with impaired formation and maintenance of S-specific B memory cells, likely due to absent cTfh1 activation leading to extra-follicular immune responses and diminished B memory cell diversification. These observations have implications for patient-tailored vaccination schedules/vaccines in anti-TNF-alpha-treated patients, irrespective of their underlying disease. FUNDING: The study was funded by third party funding of the Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine at the Medical University Vienna. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analyses, interpretation, or writing of report. CI - Copyright (c) 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Garner-Spitzer, Erika AU - Garner-Spitzer E AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: erika.garner-spitzer@meduniwien.ac.at. FAU - Wagner, Angelika AU - Wagner A AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Gudipati, Venugopal AU - Gudipati V AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Schoetta, Anna-Margarita AU - Schoetta AM AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Orola-Taus, Maria AU - Orola-Taus M AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kundi, Michael AU - Kundi M AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center for Public Health, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kunert, Renate AU - Kunert R AD - Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Mayrhofer, Patrick AU - Mayrhofer P AD - Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Huppa, Johannes B AU - Huppa JB AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Stockinger, Hannes AU - Stockinger H AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - B Cell Research Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Rome, Italy. FAU - Gattinger, Pia AU - Gattinger P AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Division of Immunopathology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Valenta, Rudolf AU - Valenta R AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Division of Immunopathology, Vienna, Austria; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria. FAU - Kratzer, Bernhard AU - Kratzer B AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Sehgal, Al Nasar Ahmed AU - Sehgal ANA AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Pickl, Winfried F AU - Pickl WF AD - Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Reinisch, Walter AU - Reinisch W AD - Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Novacek, Gottfried AU - Novacek G AD - Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Wiedermann, Ursula AU - Wiedermann U AD - Medical University of Vienna, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: ursula.wiedermann@meduniwien.ac.at. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230904 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/immunology/drug therapy MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology/blood MH - *Antibody Formation/immunology MH - *Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors MH - *T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Prospective Studies MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC10485594 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B memory cells OT - Immune response OT - Immunosuppression OT - Inflammatory bowel disease OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - T follicular helper cells COIS- Declaration of interests EGS: none; AW: received fees from AbbVie and Astra Zeneca; VG: none; AS: none; MOT: none; MK: received an investigator initiated research contract from Pfizer outside the present work; RK: none; PM: none; JBH: Boehringer Ingelheim; HS: none; GN has received fees from AbbVie, MSD, Takeda, Janssen, Sandoz, Pfizer, Astro Pharma, Falk Pharma, Ferring Galapagos, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Vifor; PG: none; RV: has received research grants from Worg Pharmaceuticals, Hangzhou, China, HVD Biotech, Vienna, Austria and Viravaxx, Vienna, Austria. He serves as consultant for Viravaxx and Worg; BK: none; ANAS: none; WFP: has received fees from Novartis, Astra Zeneca, Medical Dialogue, BMS; WR has served as speaker for AbbVie, Celltrion, Falk Pharma GmbH, Ferring, Janssen, Galapagos Medice, MSD, Roche, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Shire, Takeda, Therakos, as consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, AOP Orphan, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bioclinica, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calyx, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Falk Pharma GmbH, Ferring, Galapagos, Gatehouse Bio Inc., Genentech, Gilead, Grunenthal, ICON, Index Pharma, Inova, Janssen, Landos Biopharma, Medahead, MedImmune, Microbiotica, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Novartis, OMass, Otsuka, Parexel, Periconsulting, Pharmacosmos, Pfizer, Protagonist, Provention, Quell Therapeutics, Sandoz, Seres Therapeutics, Setpointmedical, Sigmoid, Sublimity, Takeda, Teva Pharma, Therakos, Theravance, Zealand, as advisory board member for AbbVie, Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Pharmacosmos, Pfizer, Sandoz, Takeda, and has received research funding from AbbVie, Janssen, MSD, Sandoz, Sanofi, Takeda; RC: none; UW is PI of clinical studies sponsored by GSK, Novartis and Pfizer. No conflict of interest regarding the presented clinical study. EDAT- 2023/09/07 00:41 MHDA- 2026/03/11 13:20 PMCR- 2023/09/04 CRDT- 2023/09/06 18:08 PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/11 13:20 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/07 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/06 18:08 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(23)00354-7 [pii] AID - 104788 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104788 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2023 Oct;96:104788. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104788. Epub 2023 Sep 4. PMID- 37654668 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260518 IS - 2589-5370 (Electronic) IS - 2589-5370 (Linking) VI - 62 DP - 2023 Aug TI - Clinical phenotypes and quality of life to define post-COVID-19 syndrome: a cluster analysis of the multinational, prospective ORCHESTRA cohort. PG - 102107 LID - 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102107 [doi] LID - 102107 AB - BACKGROUND: Lack of specific definitions of clinical characteristics, disease severity, and risk and preventive factors of post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) severely impacts research and discovery of new preventive and therapeutics drugs. METHODS: This prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted from February 2020 to June 2022 in 5 countries, enrolling SARS-CoV-2 out- and in-patients followed at 3-, 6-, and 12-month from diagnosis, with assessment of clinical and biochemical features, antibody (Ab) response, Variant of Concern (VoC), and physical and mental quality of life (QoL). Outcome of interest was identification of risk and protective factors of PCS by clinical phenotype, setting, severity of disease, treatment, and vaccination status. We used SF-36 questionnaire to assess evolution in QoL index during follow-up and unsupervised machine learning algorithms (principal component analysis, PCA) to explore symptom clusters. Severity of PCS was defined by clinical phenotype and QoL. We also used generalized linear models to analyse the impact of PCS on QoL and associated risk and preventive factors. CT registration number: NCT05097677. FINDINGS: Among 1796 patients enrolled, 1030 (57%) suffered from at least one symptom at 12-month. PCA identified 4 clinical phenotypes: chronic fatigue-like syndrome (CFs: fatigue, headache and memory loss, 757 patients, 42%), respiratory syndrome (REs: cough and dyspnoea, 502, 23%); chronic pain syndrome (CPs: arthralgia and myalgia, 399, 22%); and neurosensorial syndrome (NSs: alteration in taste and smell, 197, 11%). Determinants of clinical phenotypes were different (all comparisons p < 0.05): being female increased risk of CPs, NSs, and CFs; chronic pulmonary diseases of REs; neurological symptoms at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis of REs, NSs, and CFs; oxygen therapy of CFs and REs; and gastrointestinal symptoms at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis of CFs. Early treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection with monoclonal Ab (all clinical phenotypes), corticosteroids therapy for mild/severe cases (NSs), and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (CPs) were less likely to be associated to PCS (all comparisons p < 0.05). Highest reduction in QoL was detected in REs and CPs (43.57 and 43.86 vs 57.32 in PCS-negative controls, p < 0.001). Female sex (p < 0.001), gastrointestinal symptoms (p = 0.034) and renal complications (p = 0.002) during the acute infection were likely to increase risk of severe PCS (QoL <50). Vaccination and early treatment with monoclonal Ab reduced the risk of severe PCS (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03, respectively). INTERPRETATION: Our study provides new evidence suggesting that PCS can be classified by clinical phenotypes with different impact on QoL, underlying possible different pathogenic mechanisms. We identified factors associated to each clinical phenotype and to severe PCS. These results might help in designing pathogenesis studies and in selecting high-risk patients for inclusion in therapeutic and management clinical trials. FUNDING: The study received funding from the Horizon 2020 ORCHESTRA project, grant 101016167; from the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), grant 10430012010023; from Inserm, REACTing (REsearch & ACtion emergING infectious diseases) consortium and the French Ministry of Health, grant PHRC 20-0424. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. FAU - Gentilotti, Elisa AU - Gentilotti E AD - Infectious Disease, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Gorska, Anna AU - Gorska A AD - Infectious Disease, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Tami, Adriana AU - Tami A AD - University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Gusinow, Roy AU - Gusinow R AD - The Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn-Institute for Computational Biology, Helmholtz Munich; Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Mirandola, Massimo AU - Mirandola M AD - Infectious Disease, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Rodriguez Bano, Jesus AU - Rodriguez Bano J AD - Unidad Clinica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. AD - Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/CSIC, Seville, Spain. AD - CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Palacios Baena, Zaira R AU - Palacios Baena ZR AD - Unidad Clinica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. AD - Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/CSIC, Seville, Spain. AD - CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Rossi, Elisa AU - Rossi E AD - CINECA Interuniversity Consortium, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Hasenauer, Jan AU - Hasenauer J AD - The Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn-Institute for Computational Biology, Helmholtz Munich; Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. FAU - Lopes-Rafegas, Iris AU - Lopes-Rafegas I AD - Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Righi, Elda AU - Righi E AD - Infectious Disease, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Caroccia, Natascia AU - Caroccia N AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Cataudella, Salvatore AU - Cataudella S AD - CINECA Interuniversity Consortium, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Pasquini, Zeno AU - Pasquini Z AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Osmo, Thomas AU - Osmo T AD - Centre Informatique National de l'Enseignement Superieur CINES, France. FAU - Del Piccolo, Lidia AU - Del Piccolo L AD - Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Savoldi, Alessia AU - Savoldi A AD - Infectious Disease, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Kumar-Singh, Samir AU - Kumar-Singh S AD - Molecular Pathology Group, Cell Biology & Histology, and Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. FAU - Mazzaferri, Fulvia AU - Mazzaferri F AD - Infectious Disease, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Caponcello, Maria Giulia AU - Caponcello MG AD - Unidad Clinica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. AD - Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/CSIC, Seville, Spain. AD - CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - de Boer, Gerolf AU - de Boer G AD - University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Hara, Gabriel Levy AU - Hara GL AD - Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. CN - ORCHESTRA Study Group FAU - De Nardo, Pasquale AU - De Nardo P AD - Infectious Disease, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Malhotra, Surbhi AU - Malhotra S AD - Molecular Pathology Group, Cell Biology & Histology, and Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. FAU - Canziani, Lorenzo Maria AU - Canziani LM AD - Infectious Disease, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Ghosn, Jade AU - Ghosn J AD - Universite Paris Cite, INSERM IAME UMR 1137, Paris, France. AD - AP-HP Nord, Hopital Bichat, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Paris, France. FAU - Florence, Aline-Marie AU - Florence AM AD - Universite Paris Cite, INSERM IAME UMR 1137, Paris, France. AD - AP-HP Nord, Hopital Bichat, Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Clinical Research, Paris, France. FAU - Lafhej, Nadhem AU - Lafhej N AD - AP-HP Nord, Hopital Bichat, Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Clinical Research, Paris, France. FAU - van der Gun, Bernardina T F AU - van der Gun BTF AD - University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Giannella, Maddalena AU - Giannella M AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Laouenan, Cedric AU - Laouenan C AD - Universite Paris Cite, INSERM IAME UMR 1137, Paris, France. AD - AP-HP Nord, Hopital Bichat, Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Clinical Research, Paris, France. FAU - Tacconelli, Evelina AU - Tacconelli E AD - Infectious Disease, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05097677 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230721 PL - England TA - EClinicalMedicine JT - EClinicalMedicine JID - 101733727 PMC - PMC10466236 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Long-term sequelae OT - Post-COVID syndrome OT - Prediction model OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- AT received a grant from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) (grant number 10430012010023). JG received funding from ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, Theratechnologies, Astra-Zeneca, and Merck, all outside this study. MG received funding for lectures at educational events from Pfizer, Shionogi, MSD, Menarini, and Gilead, all outside this study. All other authors have nothing to declare. FIR - Pinho Guedes, Mariana Nunes IR - Pinho Guedes MN FIR - Maccarrone, Gaia IR - Maccarrone G FIR - Pezzani, Maria Diletta IR - Pezzani MD FIR - Sibani, Marcella IR - Sibani M FIR - Davies, Ruth Joanna IR - Davies RJ FIR - Vitali, Stefania IR - Vitali S FIR - Franchina, Giorgia IR - Franchina G FIR - Tomassini, Giorgia IR - Tomassini G FIR - Sciammarella, Concetta IR - Sciammarella C FIR - Cecchetto, Riccardo IR - Cecchetto R FIR - Gibellini, Davide IR - Gibellini D FIR - De Toffoli, Chiara Konishi IR - De Toffoli CK FIR - Rosini, Giulia IR - Rosini G FIR - Perlini, Chiara IR - Perlini C FIR - Meroi, Marco IR - Meroi M FIR - Cioli Puviani, Filippo IR - Cioli Puviani F FIR - Fasan, Daniele IR - Fasan D FIR - Micheletto, Claudio IR - Micheletto C FIR - Montemezzi, Stefania IR - Montemezzi S FIR - Cardobi, Nicolo IR - Cardobi N FIR - Vantini, Gianluca IR - Vantini G FIR - Mazzali, Gloria IR - Mazzali G FIR - Stabile, Giovanni IR - Stabile G FIR - Marcanti, Maddalena IR - Marcanti M FIR - Zonta, Marco Pattaro IR - Zonta MP FIR - Cali, Deborah IR - Cali D FIR - Mason, Anna IR - Mason A FIR - Perlini, Cinzia IR - Perlini C FIR - Gisondi, Paolo IR - Gisondi P FIR - Mongardi, Maria IR - Mongardi M FIR - Sorbello, Simona IR - Sorbello S FIR - Wold, Karin I IR - Wold KI FIR - Vincenti-Gonzalez, Maria F IR - Vincenti-Gonzalez MF FIR - Veloo, Alida Cm IR - Veloo AC FIR - Harmsma, Valerie Pr IR - Harmsma VP FIR - Pantano, Daniele IR - Pantano D FIR - van der Meer, Margriet IR - van der Meer M FIR - Gard, Lilli IR - Gard L FIR - Lizarazo, Erley F IR - Lizarazo EF FIR - Knoester, Marjolein IR - Knoester M FIR - Friedrich, Alex W IR - Friedrich AW FIR - Niesters, Hubert Gm IR - Niesters HG FIR - Viale, Pierluigi IR - Viale P FIR - Marzolla, Domenico IR - Marzolla D FIR - Cosentino, Federica IR - Cosentino F FIR - Di Chiara, Michela IR - Di Chiara M FIR - Fornaro, Giacomo IR - Fornaro G FIR - Bonazzetti, Cecilia IR - Bonazzetti C FIR - Tazza, Beatrice IR - Tazza B FIR - Toschi, Alice IR - Toschi A FIR - Vetamanu, Oana IR - Vetamanu O FIR - Giacomini, Maria Eugenia IR - Giacomini ME FIR - Trapani, Fabio IR - Trapani F FIR - Marconi, Lorenzo IR - Marconi L FIR - Attard, Luciano IR - Attard L FIR - Tedeschi, Sara IR - Tedeschi S FIR - Gabrielli, Liliana IR - Gabrielli L FIR - Lazzarotto, Tiziana IR - Lazzarotto T FIR - Olivares, Paula IR - Olivares P FIR - Castilla, Javier IR - Castilla J FIR - Velez, Javier IR - Velez J FIR - Almadana, Virginia IR - Almadana V FIR - Martin-Barrera, Lucia IR - Martin-Barrera L FIR - Martin-Gutierrez, Ana Belen IR - Martin-Gutierrez AB FIR - Gutierrez-Campos, David IR - Gutierrez-Campos D FIR - Fernandez-Regana, Marta IR - Fernandez-Regana M FIR - Silva-Campos, Ana IR - Silva-Campos A FIR - Fernandez-Riejos, Patricia IR - Fernandez-Riejos P FIR - Garcia-Sanchez, M Isabel IR - Garcia-Sanchez MI FIR - Giuliano, Carla V IR - Giuliano CV FIR - Lopez, Carlota IR - Lopez C FIR - Neumann, Gabriela IR - Neumann G FIR - Camporro, Julieta IR - Camporro J FIR - de Vedia, Lautaro IR - de Vedia L FIR - Agugliaro, Hugo IR - Agugliaro H FIR - Scipione, Gabriella IR - Scipione G FIR - Dellacasa, Chiara IR - Dellacasa C FIR - Chandramouli, Balasubramanian IR - Chandramouli B FIR - Gioiosa, Silvia IR - Gioiosa S FIR - Naranjo, Juan Mata IR - Naranjo JM FIR - Ortali, Maurizio IR - Ortali M FIR - Konnova, Angelina IR - Konnova A FIR - Gupta, Akshita IR - Gupta A FIR - Smet, Mathias IR - Smet M FIR - Hotterbeekx, An IR - Hotterbeekx A FIR - Berkell, Matilda IR - Berkell M FIR - Sicuri, Elisa IR - Sicuri E FIR - Bachelet, Delphine IR - Bachelet D FIR - Bouadma, Lila IR - Bouadma L FIR - Cervantes-Gonzalez, Minerva IR - Cervantes-Gonzalez M FIR - Chair, Anissa IR - Chair A FIR - Charpentier, Charlotte IR - Charpentier C FIR - Chenard, Leo IR - Chenard L FIR - Descamps, Diane IR - Descamps D FIR - Doan, Hang IR - Doan H FIR - Duval, Xavier IR - Duval X FIR - Esposito-Farese, Marina IR - Esposito-Farese M FIR - Hoffmann, Isabelle IR - Hoffmann I FIR - Kafif, Ouifiya IR - Kafif O FIR - Le Hingrat, Quentin IR - Le Hingrat Q FIR - Letrou, Sophie IR - Letrou S FIR - Mentre, France IR - Mentre F FIR - Schneider, Marion IR - Schneider M FIR - Tardivon, Coralie IR - Tardivon C FIR - Timsit, Jean-Francois IR - Timsit JF FIR - Tubiana, Sarah IR - Tubiana S FIR - Abrous, Amal IR - Abrous A FIR - Couffin-Cadiergues, Sandrine IR - Couffin-Cadiergues S FIR - Da Silva, Fernanda Dias IR - Da Silva FD FIR - Esperou, Helene IR - Esperou H FIR - Houas, Ikram IR - Houas I FIR - Jaafoura, Salma IR - Jaafoura S FIR - Papadopoulos, Aurelie IR - Papadopoulos A FIR - Ansart, Severine IR - Ansart S FIR - Auvet, Adrien IR - Auvet A FIR - Bani-Sadr, Firouze IR - Bani-Sadr F FIR - Bernard, L IR - Bernard L FIR - Bissuel, Francois IR - Bissuel F FIR - Botelho-Nevers, Elisabeth IR - Botelho-Nevers E FIR - Bouhour, Damien IR - Bouhour D FIR - Cabie, Andre IR - Cabie A FIR - Caraux Paz, Pauline IR - Caraux Paz P FIR - Chidiac, Christian IR - Chidiac C FIR - Chirouze, Catherine IR - Chirouze C FIR - Chroboczek, Tomasz IR - Chroboczek T FIR - Cordel, Hugues IR - Cordel H FIR - Courtois, Roxane IR - Courtois R FIR - De Castro, Nathalie IR - De Castro N FIR - Diamamntis, Sylvain IR - Diamamntis S FIR - Diehl, Jean-Luc IR - Diehl JL FIR - Djossou, Felix IR - Djossou F FIR - Dorival, Celine IR - Dorival C FIR - Epaulard, Olivier IR - Epaulard O FIR - Gaborieau, Valerie IR - Gaborieau V FIR - Goehringer, Francois IR - Goehringer F FIR - Gousseff, Marie IR - Gousseff M FIR - Jamard, Simon IR - Jamard S FIR - Joseph, Cedric IR - Joseph C FIR - Lacombe, Karine IR - Lacombe K FIR - Le Mestre, Soizic IR - Le Mestre S FIR - Le Moing, Vincent IR - Le Moing V FIR - Lelievre, Jean-Daniel IR - Lelievre JD FIR - Lesens, Olivier IR - Lesens O FIR - Machado, M IR - Machado M FIR - Maillet, Mylene IR - Maillet M FIR - Manda, Victoria IR - Manda V FIR - Martin-Blondel, Guillaume IR - Martin-Blondel G FIR - Martinot, Martin IR - Martinot M FIR - Meysonnier, Vanina IR - Meysonnier V FIR - Molina, Jean-Michel IR - Molina JM FIR - Oziol, Eric IR - Oziol E FIR - Pestre, Vincent IR - Pestre V FIR - Piroth, Lionel IR - Piroth L FIR - Poissy, Julien IR - Poissy J FIR - Rabaud, Christian IR - Rabaud C FIR - Raffi, Francois IR - Raffi F FIR - Rammaert, Blandine IR - Rammaert B FIR - Rapp, Christophe IR - Rapp C FIR - Rebaudet, Stanislas IR - Rebaudet S FIR - Roger, Pierre-Marie IR - Roger PM FIR - Roux, Damien IR - Roux D FIR - Senneville, Eric IR - Senneville E FIR - Tattevin, Pierre IR - Tattevin P FIR - Wiedemann, Aurelie IR - Wiedemann A FIR - Zucman, David IR - Zucman D EDAT- 2023/09/01 06:42 MHDA- 2023/09/01 06:43 PMCR- 2023/07/21 CRDT- 2023/09/01 03:59 PHST- 2023/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/01 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/01 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/01 03:59 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2589-5370(23)00284-5 [pii] AID - 102107 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102107 [doi] PST - epublish SO - EClinicalMedicine. 2023 Jul 21;62:102107. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102107. eCollection 2023 Aug. PMID- 37638019 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230829 LR - 20240529 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - The Janus face of proliferating plasmablasts in dengue and COVID-19 infections. PG - 1068424 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1068424 [doi] LID - 1068424 AB - INTRODUCTION: B cells play an integral role in the immune response to both dengue fever and COVID-19. Prior scRNAseq analyses of peripheral plasmablasts in COVID-19 have revealed a heterogeneous population with distinct cell subsets associated with proliferation; prior studies in patients with dengue fever have likewise shown the presence of proliferative pre-plasmablasts in the circulation. These findings may have implications for disease severity. In this study, we sought to gain a mechanistic understanding of the intracellular processes in naive and memory B cells that are associated with and may lead to an expanded proliferative plasmablast population in the circulation. METHODS: We analyzed age-controlled (pediatric and adult), peripheral blood mononuclear cell scRNAseq datasets from patients infected with either dengue (primary or secondary) or COVID-19 (non-severe or severe) from previously published studies. Our preliminary analysis showed that pediatric patients with dengue and adults with COVID-19 had an expanded proliferative plasmablast (p-PB) population. By contrast, neither the adults with dengue nor the children with COVID-19 in our dataset had p-PBs. We used this distinctive preliminary signature to guide our analyses design and expanded our analyses to naive and memory B cells. RESULTS: In age/disease conditions with and without p-PBs, we found differences in cell sensing and activation, including via the B cell receptor and downstream signal transduction. Likewise, inflammation was mediated differently: relative to groups without p-PBs, those with p-PBs had increased expression of interferon response and S100 genes (particularly severe COVID-19). Furthermore, several transcription factors at the nexus of activation, inflammation, and cell fate decisions were expressed differently in groups with and without p-PBs. DISCUSSION: We used dengue and COVID-19 infections in adult and pediatric patients (focusing on naive B, memory B, and plasmablast cells) as a model to better understand the mechanisms that may give rise to p-PB populations in the circulation. Our results indicate that a more pro-inflammatory state in naive and memory B cells correlated with - and could influence the generation of- proliferating plasmablasts. Further exploration of these mechanisms will have implications for immune memory, vaccine development, and post-viral autoimmune syndromes. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Nayak, Mukund and Subramaniam. FAU - Nayak, Priya AU - Nayak P AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Mukund, Kavitha AU - Mukund K AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Subramaniam, Shankar AU - Subramaniam S AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. AD - Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. LA - eng GR - R01 HL108735/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI090023/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 LM012595/LM/NLM NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230811 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - *COVID-19 MH - Plasma Cells MH - Inflammation MH - *Dengue PMC - PMC10450630 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B-cells OT - COVID-19 OT - activation OT - dengue OT - inflammation OT - memory OT - naive OT - plasmablasts COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/08/28 06:42 MHDA- 2023/08/29 12:43 PMCR- 2023/08/11 CRDT- 2023/08/28 04:58 PHST- 2022/10/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/29 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/28 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/28 04:58 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1068424 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Aug 11;14:1068424. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1068424. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37633999 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230828 LR - 20231121 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Aug 26 TI - Post-Covid condition and clinic characteristics associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a 2-year follow-up to Brazilian cases. PG - 13973 LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-40586-8 [doi] LID - 13973 AB - Until January 2023, Brazil recorded 37 million COVID-19 cases despite the decrease in mortality due to mass vaccination efforts against COVID-19. The infection continues to challenge researchers and health professionals with the persistent symptoms and onset manifestations after the acute phase of the disease, namely Post-Covid Condition (PCC). Being one of the countries with the highest infection rate, Brazil must prepare for a growing number of patients with chronic health consequences of COVID-19. Longitudinal studies that follow patients over extended periods are crucial in understanding the long-term impacts of COVID-19, including potential health consequences and the effects on quality of life. We describe the clinical profile of a cohort of COVID-19 patients infected during the first year of the pandemic in Brazil and a follow-up after two years to investigate the health impacts of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Brazil featured extensive drug misuse, notably the ineffective COVID kit comprised of ivermectin, antimalarials and azithromycin, and elevated in-hospital mortality. In the second phase of the study, Post-Covid Condition was reported by symptomatic COVID-19 subjects across different severity levels two years after infection. Long haulers are more likely to be women, previously hospitalized, and reported a range of symptoms from muscle pain to cognitive deficit. Our longitudinal study is essential to inform public health authorities to develop strategies and policies to control the spread of the virus and mitigate its impacts on society. CI - (c) 2023. Springer Nature Limited. FAU - da Silva, Nayara Sousa AU - da Silva NS AD - Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. FAU - de Araujo, Nathalia Kelly AU - de Araujo NK AD - Graduate Program of Health and Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Federal Institute of Rondonia, Guajara-Mirim, Brazil. FAU - Dos Santos, Katiusse Alves AU - Dos Santos KA AD - Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. FAU - de Souza, Karla Simone Costa AU - de Souza KSC AD - Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. FAU - de Araujo, Jessica Nayara Goes AU - de Araujo JNG AD - Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. FAU - Cruz, Marina Sampaio AU - Cruz MS AD - Graduate Program of Health and Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. AD - Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Parra, Esteban J AU - Parra EJ AD - Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada. FAU - Silbiger, Vivian Nogueira AU - Silbiger VN AD - Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. vivian.silbiger@ufrn.br. AD - Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. vivian.silbiger@ufrn.br. AD - Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, 384, Natal, RN, 59012-570, Brazil. vivian.silbiger@ufrn.br. FAU - Luchessi, Andre Ducati AU - Luchessi AD AD - Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. AD - Graduate Program of Health and Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. AD - Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. AD - Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, 384, Natal, RN, 59012-570, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230826 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Quality of Life MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC10460396 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/08/27 05:43 MHDA- 2023/08/28 06:41 PMCR- 2023/08/26 CRDT- 2023/08/26 23:25 PHST- 2023/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/27 05:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/26 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-40586-8 [pii] AID - 40586 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-40586-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 26;13(1):13973. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-40586-8. PMID- 37625170 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231110 LR - 20241202 IS - 1552-6887 (Electronic) IS - 0898-2643 (Print) IS - 0898-2643 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 10 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Profiles of COVID-19 Impact on Informal Caregivers of Older Mexican Americans. PG - 819-825 LID - 10.1177/08982643231195669 [doi] AB - Objectives: This manuscript is a descriptive exploratory study of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for caregivers of very old Mexican Americans. Methods: Using data from Wave 10 of the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of Elderly (2021), we examined the characteristics of caregivers of very old Mexican Americans by their perceived level of impact from the pandemic. We examined sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 testing and vaccination, stress and depression, and health of caregivers and care recipients. Results: Caregivers who reported the most impact were more likely to report financial and emotional stress. They reported more depressive symptoms and high levels of distress related to neuropsychological behavior symptoms of their care recipient. Discussion: High levels of depressive symptoms, financial stress, and neuropsychological behavior symptoms illustrate that the concerns of caregivers before the pandemic were heightened during the pandemic. FAU - Cantu, Phillip AU - Cantu P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1072-3195 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Chyu, Joanna AU - Chyu J AD - School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Mehta, Neil AU - Mehta N AD - Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Markides, Kyriakos AU - Markides K AD - Department of Population Health & Health Disparities, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. LA - eng GR - K12 AR084228/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - K12 HD052023/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AG059301/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AG010939/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20230825 PL - United States TA - J Aging Health JT - Journal of aging and health JID - 8912686 MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - *Caregivers/psychology MH - Mexican Americans/psychology MH - COVID-19 Testing MH - Pandemics MH - *COVID-19 PMC - PMC10792534 MID - NIHMS1948423 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Mexican Americans OT - caregiving OT - dementia COIS- Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2023/08/25 18:42 MHDA- 2023/11/10 06:45 PMCR- 2024/12/01 CRDT- 2023/08/25 17:53 PHST- 2023/11/10 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/25 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/25 17:53 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177/08982643231195669 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Aging Health. 2023 Dec;35(10):819-825. doi: 10.1177/08982643231195669. Epub 2023 Aug 25. PMID- 37611865 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231129 LR - 20231129 IS - 1469-0691 (Electronic) IS - 1198-743X (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 12 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Risk of Bell's palsy following SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide cohort study. PG - 1581-1586 LID - S1198-743X(23)00397-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.08.014 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Despite some evidence of an increased risk of neurologic symptoms following viral vector COVID-19 vaccine administration, it is unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with Bell's palsy (BP), especially over a long enough follow-up period. METHODS: The study population of this nationwide population-based study was derived from the South Korean population, including 11 593 365 and 36 565 099 participants with and without COVID-19, respectively. The Fine and Gray's regression model was utilized to calculate the adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio (aSHR), considering death as a competing risk, to assess the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of BP. All participants were followed up from 1 December 2021, until the incident BP, SARS-CoV-2 infection, death, or 31 March 2022. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on participants' vaccination status (completion of the primary series vs. unvaccinated). RESULTS: COVID-19 was associated with an increased risk of BP in all participants (aSHR, 1.24; CI, 1.19-1.29). However, the size of the COVID-19-related BP risk was significantly lower among those who completed the primary series of the COVID-19 vaccine (aSHR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.15-1.25) compared to those who were unvaccinated (aSHR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.59-2.12; p for interaction: <0.001). The severity of COVID-19 exhibited a gradual escalation in BP risk for both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. DISCUSSION: While both unvaccinated individuals and those who completed the primary series of the COVID-19 vaccine may be at an increased risk of developing BP due to COVID-19, the risk appears to be lower among those who completed the vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Kim, Hye Jun AU - Kim HJ AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Jeong, Seogsong AU - Jeong S AD - Department of Biomedical Informatics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea. FAU - Song, Jihun AU - Song J AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Park, Sun Jae AU - Park SJ AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Oh, Yun Hwan AU - Oh YH AD - Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, South Korea. FAU - Jung, Jaehun AU - Jung J AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea. FAU - Choi, Nam-Kyong AU - Choi NK AD - Department of Health Convergence College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Park, Sang Min AU - Park SM AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: smpark.snuh@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230821 PL - England TA - Clin Microbiol Infect JT - Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases JID - 9516420 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Bell Palsy/epidemiology/etiology MH - Cohort Studies MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - SARS-CoV-2 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bell's palsy OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - Mass screening OT - Public health OT - SARS-CoV-2 EDAT- 2023/08/24 00:42 MHDA- 2023/11/29 06:43 CRDT- 2023/08/23 19:26 PHST- 2023/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/29 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/24 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/23 19:26 [entrez] AID - S1198-743X(23)00397-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.08.014 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Microbiol Infect. 2023 Dec;29(12):1581-1586. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.08.014. Epub 2023 Aug 21. PMID- 37591707 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230911 LR - 20230911 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 40 DP - 2023 Sep 15 TI - Are intelligent people more likely to get vaccinated? The association between COVID-19 vaccine adherence and cognitive profiles. PG - 5848-5853 LID - S0264-410X(23)00951-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.019 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Since vaccination adherence is crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality during a pandemic, we characterized the association between demographic, intelligence, and personal attributes and COVID-19 vaccination adherence among young adults. METHODS: Cohort study including vaccination data of 185,061 personnel, collected during 13 months of COVID-19 vaccination campaign, while a wide array of vaccination incentives were offered. The effect of demographic data (age, gender and socioeconomic status), military medical fitness - fit for combat service, administrative service, or unfit (volunteering), general intelligence score (GIS) and military social score (MSS) assessing social abilities, on vaccine adherence (allocating by IMOH guidelines) was examined. RESULTS: Adherent (vs. nonadherent) personnel presented higher GIS (mean 5.68 +/- 1.84 vs. 4.72 +/- 1.91) and MSS (median 26 (IQR 23-29) vs. 24 (IQR 19-26)), p < 0.001 for both. Higher intelligence was the strongest predictor for vaccine adherence (OR = 5.38, 95 %CI 5.11-5.67, p < 0.001). The probability for vaccine adherence increased in association with escalating GIS scores, with highest GIS females more likely to adhere to vaccination than same-level males (OR = 5.66, 95 %CI 5.09-6.28 vs. OR = 3.69, 95 %CI 3.45-3.94, respectively, p < 0.001 for both). Medically fit service-members were approximately three times as likely to be adherent than volunteering personnel (OR = 2.90 (95 %CI 2.65-3.17) for administrative and OR = 2.94 (95 %CI 2.70-3.21) for combative fitness, p < 0.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS: During a COVID-19 vaccination campaign, addressing vaccine hesitancy contributing factors and providing wide vaccine availability, GIS and physical fitness had the strongest association with vaccination adherence among young adults. When planning future vaccination campaigns, implementing these insights should be considered to improve adherence. CI - Copyright (c) 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Zur, Meital AU - Zur M AD - Pharmacoepidemiology Research Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel; Israeli Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel. Electronic address: Meitalz3333@gmail.com. FAU - Shelef, Leah AU - Shelef L AD - Department of Military Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem 91120, Israel; The School of Social Work, Sapir Academic College, D. N. Hof Ashkelon, 79165, Israel. FAU - Glassberg, Elon AU - Glassberg E AD - Israeli Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel; The Uniformed Services, University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Fink, Noam AU - Fink N AD - Israeli Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel; Department of Military Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem 91120, Israel. FAU - Matok, Ilan AU - Matok I AD - Pharmacoepidemiology Research Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel. FAU - Friedensohn, Limor AU - Friedensohn L AD - Israeli Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel; Department of Military Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem 91120, Israel; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230815 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Female MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Cohort Studies MH - Intelligence MH - Cognition OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adherence OT - Vaccine COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/08/18 00:42 MHDA- 2023/09/11 06:42 CRDT- 2023/08/17 21:52 PHST- 2023/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/11 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/18 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/17 21:52 [entrez] AID - S0264-410X(23)00951-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.019 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2023 Sep 15;41(40):5848-5853. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.019. Epub 2023 Aug 15. PMID- 37573434 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241207 IS - 2059-0105 (Electronic) IS - 2059-0105 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Aug 12 TI - Infection pre-Ad26.COV2.S-vaccination primes greater class switching and reduced CXCR5 expression by SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells. PG - 119 LID - 10.1038/s41541-023-00724-9 [doi] LID - 119 AB - Neutralizing antibodies strongly correlate with protection for COVID-19 vaccines, but the corresponding memory B cells that form to protect against future infection are relatively understudied. Here we examine the effect of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on the magnitude and phenotype of the memory B cell response to single dose Johnson and Johnson (Ad26.COV2.S) vaccination in South African health care workers. Participants were either naive to SARS-CoV-2 or had been infected before vaccination. SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B-cells expand in response to Ad26.COV2.S and are maintained for the study duration (84 days) in all individuals. However, prior infection is associated with a greater frequency of these cells, a significant reduction in expression of the germinal center chemokine receptor CXCR5, and increased class switching. These B cell features correlated with neutralization and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, and with the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 specific circulating T follicular helper cells (cTfh). Vaccination-induced effective neutralization of the D614G variant in both infected and naive participants but boosted neutralizing antibodies against the Beta and Omicron variants only in participants with prior infection. In addition, the SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8+ T cell response correlated with increased memory B cell expression of the lung-homing receptor CXCR3, which was sustained in the previously infected group. Finally, although vaccination achieved equivalent B cell activation regardless of infection history, it was negatively impacted by age. These data show that phenotyping the response to vaccination can provide insight into the impact of prior infection on memory B cell homing, CSM, cTfh, and neutralization activity. These data can provide early signals to inform studies of vaccine boosting, durability, and co-morbidities. CI - (c) 2023. Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Krause, Robert G E AU - Krause RGE AD - Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa. AD - School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa. FAU - Moyo-Gwete, Thandeka AU - Moyo-Gwete T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4269-9281 AD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa. AD - MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. FAU - Richardson, Simone I AU - Richardson SI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7678-2609 AD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa. AD - MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. FAU - Makhado, Zanele AU - Makhado Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8371-6180 AD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa. AD - MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. FAU - Manamela, Nelia P AU - Manamela NP AD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa. AD - MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. FAU - Hermanus, Tandile AU - Hermanus T AD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa. AD - MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. FAU - Mkhize, Nonhlanhla N AU - Mkhize NN AD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa. AD - MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. FAU - Keeton, Roanne AU - Keeton R AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. FAU - Benede, Ntombi AU - Benede N AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. FAU - Mennen, Mathilda AU - Mennen M AD - Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, South Africa. FAU - Skelem, Sango AU - Skelem S AD - Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, South Africa. FAU - Karim, Farina AU - Karim F AD - Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa. AD - School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa. FAU - Khan, Khadija AU - Khan K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7565-7400 AD - Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa. AD - School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa. FAU - Riou, Catherine AU - Riou C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9679-0745 AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. FAU - Ntusi, Ntobeko A B AU - Ntusi NAB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2347-7883 AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. FAU - Goga, Ameena AU - Goga A AD - South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Gray, Glenda AU - Gray G AD - South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Hanekom, Willem AU - Hanekom W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3070-6154 AD - Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa. AD - Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. FAU - Garrett, Nigel AU - Garrett N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4530-234X AD - Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa. AD - Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. FAU - Bekker, Linda-Gail AU - Bekker LG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0755-4386 AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Groll, Andreas AU - Groll A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6787-9118 AD - Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany. FAU - Sigal, Alex AU - Sigal A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8571-2004 AD - Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa. AD - School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa. AD - Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa. AD - Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, 10117, Germany. FAU - Moore, Penny L AU - Moore PL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8719-4028 AD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa. AD - MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa. FAU - Burgers, Wendy A AU - Burgers WA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3396-9398 AD - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. AD - Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa. FAU - Leslie, Alasdair AU - Leslie A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2538-6467 AD - Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa. al.leslie@ahri.org. AD - Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. al.leslie@ahri.org. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230812 PL - England TA - NPJ Vaccines JT - NPJ vaccines JID - 101699863 PMC - PMC10423246 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/08/13 00:43 MHDA- 2023/08/13 00:44 PMCR- 2023/08/12 CRDT- 2023/08/12 23:28 PHST- 2023/01/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/13 00:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/13 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/12 23:28 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41541-023-00724-9 [pii] AID - 724 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41541-023-00724-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - NPJ Vaccines. 2023 Aug 12;8(1):119. doi: 10.1038/s41541-023-00724-9. PMID- 37565464 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240306 LR - 20260521 IS - 1745-6924 (Electronic) IS - 1745-6916 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Mar TI - Communities of Knowledge in Trouble. PG - 432-443 LID - 10.1177/17456916231187997 [doi] AB - The community-of-knowledge framework explains the extraordinary success of the human species, despite individual members' demonstrably shallow understanding of many topics, by appealing to outsourcing. People follow the cues of members of their community because understanding of phenomena is generally distributed across the group. Typically, communities do possess the relevant knowledge, but it is possible in principle for communities to send cues despite lacking knowledge-a weakness in the system's design. COVID-19 in the United States offered a natural experiment in collective-knowledge development because a novel phenomenon arrived at a moment of intense division in political partisanship. We review evidence from the pandemic showing that the thought leaders of the two partisan groups sent radically different messages about COVID, which were, in turn, reinforced by close community members (family, friends, etc.). We show that although actual understanding of the individual plays a role in a key COVID-mitigation behavior (vaccination), it plays a smaller role than perceived understanding of thought leaders and beliefs about COVID-related behaviors of close community members. We discuss implications for theory and practice when all communities are in the same epistemic circumstance-relying on the testimony of others. FAU - Rabb, Nathaniel AU - Rabb N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7283-2549 AD - The Policy Lab at Brown University. FAU - Geana, Mugur AU - Geana M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1541-4746 AD - William Allen White School of Journalism and Mass Communications, University of Kansas. FAU - Sloman, Steven AU - Sloman S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8223-3788 AD - Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230811 PL - United States TA - Perspect Psychol Sci JT - Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science JID - 101274347 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - United States MH - *COVID-19 MH - Cues OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cognition OT - community of knowledge OT - political partisanship OT - thinking/reasoning/judgment COIS- NONE EDAT- 2023/08/11 12:42 MHDA- 2024/03/06 06:43 CRDT- 2023/08/11 06:40 PHST- 2024/03/06 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/11 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/11 06:40 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/17456916231187997 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Perspect Psychol Sci. 2024 Mar;19(2):432-443. doi: 10.1177/17456916231187997. Epub 2023 Aug 11. PMID- 37556944 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230918 LR - 20230918 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 95 DP - 2023 Sep TI - SARS-CoV-2 specific plasma cells acquire long-lived phenotypes in human bone marrow. PG - 104735 LID - S2352-3964(23)00300-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104735 [doi] LID - 104735 AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody-secreting plasma cells (PC) mediating specific humoral immunity have been identified in the human bone marrow (BM) after COVID-19 or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. However, it remained unclear whether or not they acquire phenotypes of human memory plasma cells. METHODS: SARS-CoV-2-specific human bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC) were characterised by tetramer-based, antigen-specific flow cytometry and FluoroSpot assay. FINDINGS: SARS-CoV-2 spike-S1-specific PC were detectable in all tested BM samples of previously vaccinated individuals, representing 0.22% of total BMPC. The majority of SARS-CoV-2-specific BMPC expressed IgG and their specificity for the spike S1 protein indicated emergence from a systemic vaccination response. Of note, one-fifth of SARS-CoV-2-specific BMPC showed the phenotype of memory plasma cells, i.e., downregulated CD19 and present or absent CD45 expression. INTERPRETATION: Our data indicate the establishment of phenotypically diverse SARS-CoV-2-specific PC in the human BM after basic mRNA immunization, including the formation of memory phenotypes. These results suggest the induction of durable humoral immunity after basic mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. FUNDING: The study was supported by funding by the DFG grants TRR130 TP24, ME 3644/8-1, and the Berlin Senate. SR received funding from DFGSFB-1444 C01 Central Service Project. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Schulz, Axel R AU - Schulz AR AD - Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Fiebig, Leonard AU - Fiebig L AD - Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hirseland, Heike AU - Hirseland H AD - Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Diekmann, Lisa-Marie AU - Diekmann LM AD - Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Reinke, Simon AU - Reinke S AD - Cell Harvesting Core, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hardt, Sebastian AU - Hardt S AD - Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Niedobitek, Antonia AU - Niedobitek A AD - Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Mei, Henrik E AU - Mei HE AD - Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: mei@drfz.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230808 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Bone Marrow MH - Plasma Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Phenotype MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC10432952 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD19 OT - CD45 OT - Human bone marrow OT - Humoral memory OT - Long-lived plasma cell OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declaration of interests HEM received public sector funding through the German Research Council (DFG) grants TRR130 TP24 and ME 3644/8-1; and through the Berlin Senate. SR received public sector funding through the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grand SFB-1444 C01 Central Service Project-Cell and Tissue Harvesting: supply of functionally and immunologically characterised human samples for the CRC research projects. All other authors indicate that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/08/10 00:42 MHDA- 2023/09/18 12:44 PMCR- 2023/08/08 CRDT- 2023/08/09 18:04 PHST- 2022/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/10 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/09 18:04 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(23)00300-6 [pii] AID - 104735 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104735 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2023 Sep;95:104735. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104735. Epub 2023 Aug 8. PMID- 37552991 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230818 LR - 20260921 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 8 DP - 2023 Aug 15 TI - mRNA vaccination boosts S-specific T cell memory and promotes expansion of CD45RA(int) T(EMRA)-like CD8(+) T cells in COVID-19 recovered individuals. PG - 101149 LID - S2666-3791(23)00302-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101149 [doi] LID - 101149 AB - SARS-CoV-2 infection and mRNA vaccination both elicit spike (S)-specific T cell responses. To analyze how T cell memory from prior infection influences T cell responses to vaccination, we evaluated functional T cell responses in naive and previously infected vaccine recipients. Pre-vaccine S-specific responses are predictive of subsequent CD8(+) T cell vaccine-response magnitudes. Comparing baseline with post-vaccination TCRbeta repertoires, we observed large clonotypic expansions correlated with the frequency of spike-specific T cells. Epitope mapping the largest CD8(+) T cell responses confirms that an HLA-A *03:01 epitope was highly immunodominant. Peptide-MHC tetramer staining together with mass cytometry and single-cell sequencing permit detailed phenotyping and clonotypic tracking of these S-specific CD8(+) T cells. Our results demonstrate that infection-induced S-specific CD8(+) T cell memory plays a significant role in shaping the magnitude and clonal composition of the circulating T cell repertoire after vaccination, with mRNA vaccination promoting CD8(+) memory T cells to a T(EMRA)-like phenotype. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Mayer-Blackwell, Koshlan AU - Mayer-Blackwell K AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Ryu, Heeju AU - Ryu H AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Codd, Amy S AU - Codd AS AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Parks, K Rachael AU - Parks KR AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - MacMillan, Hugh R AU - MacMillan HR AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Cohen, Kristen W AU - Cohen KW AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Stewart, Terri L AU - Stewart TL AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Seese, Aaron AU - Seese A AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Lemos, Maria P AU - Lemos MP AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - De Rosa, Stephen C AU - De Rosa SC AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Czartoski, Julie L AU - Czartoski JL AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Moodie, Zoe AU - Moodie Z AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Nguyen, Long T AU - Nguyen LT AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - McGuire, Donald J AU - McGuire DJ AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Ahmed, Rafi AU - Ahmed R AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Fiore-Gartland, Andrew AU - Fiore-Gartland A AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - McElrath, M Juliana AU - McElrath MJ AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. Electronic address: jmcelrat@fredhutch.org. FAU - Newell, Evan W AU - Newell EW AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. Electronic address: enewell@fredhutch.org. LA - eng GR - U19 AI128914/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068618/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068635/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069481/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230807 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - EC 3.1.3.48 (Leukocyte Common Antigens) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Memory T Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Epitopes MH - Leukocyte Common Antigens PMC - PMC10439252 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4 T cells OT - CD8 T cells OT - CyTOF OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - vaccination COIS- Declaration of interests E.W.N. is a cofounder, advisor, and shareholder of ImmunoScape and is an advisor for Neogene Therapeutics and NanoString Technologies. EDAT- 2023/08/09 01:05 MHDA- 2023/08/18 06:43 PMCR- 2023/08/07 CRDT- 2023/08/08 18:41 PHST- 2023/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/18 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/09 01:05 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/08 18:41 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(23)00302-6 [pii] AID - 101149 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101149 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2023 Aug 15;4(8):101149. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101149. Epub 2023 Aug 7. PMID- 37543032 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230915 LR - 20230918 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 9 DP - 2023 Sep 12 TI - SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection drives late remodeling of the memory B cell repertoire in vaccinated individuals. PG - 2137-2151.e7 LID - S1074-7613(23)00320-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.007 [doi] AB - How infection by a viral variant showing antigenic drift impacts a preformed mature human memory B cell (MBC) repertoire remains an open question. Here, we studied the MBC response up to 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection in individuals previously vaccinated with three doses of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. Longitudinal analysis, using single-cell multi-omics and functional analysis of monoclonal antibodies from RBD-specific MBCs, revealed that a BA.1 breakthrough infection mostly recruited pre-existing cross-reactive MBCs with limited de novo response against BA.1-restricted epitopes. Reorganization of clonal hierarchy and new rounds of germinal center reactions, however, combined to maintain diversity and induce progressive maturation of the MBC repertoire against common Hu-1 and BA.1, but not BA.5-restricted, SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD epitopes. Such remodeling was further associated with a marked improvement in overall neutralizing breadth and potency. These findings have fundamental implications for the design of future vaccination booster strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Sokal, Aurelien AU - Sokal A AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France; Service de Medecine interne, Hopital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite de Paris Cite, Clichy, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Barba-Spaeth, Giovanna AU - Barba-Spaeth G AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, CNRS UMR 3569, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France. FAU - Hunault, Lise AU - Hunault L AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, INSERM UMR1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, ED394, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universite, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013 Paris, France. FAU - Fernandez, Ignacio AU - Fernandez I AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, CNRS UMR 3569, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France. FAU - Broketa, Matteo AU - Broketa M AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, INSERM UMR1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, ED394, Paris, France. FAU - Meola, Annalisa AU - Meola A AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, CNRS UMR 3569, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France. FAU - Fourati, Slim AU - Fourati S AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 18. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Azzaoui, Imane AU - Azzaoui I AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Vandenberghe, Alexis AU - Vandenberghe A AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Lagouge-Roussey, Pauline AU - Lagouge-Roussey P AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Broutin, Manon AU - Broutin M AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Roeser, Anais AU - Roeser A AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Bouvier-Alias, Magali AU - Bouvier-Alias M AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 18. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Crickx, Etienne AU - Crickx E AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Languille, Laetitia AU - Languille L AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Fournier, Morgane AU - Fournier M AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Michel, Marc AU - Michel M AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Godeau, Bertrand AU - Godeau B AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Gallien, Sebastien AU - Gallien S AD - Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Melica, Giovanna AU - Melica G AD - Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Nguyen, Yann AU - Nguyen Y AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France. FAU - Canoui-Poitrine, Florence AU - Canoui-Poitrine F AD - Departement de Sante Publique, Unite de Recherche Clinique (URC), CEpiA (Clinical Epidemiology and Ageing), EA 7376- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Pirenne, France AU - Pirenne F AD - INSERM U955, equipe 18. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; Etablissement Francais du Sang (EFS) Ile de France, Creteil, France. FAU - Megret, Jerome AU - Megret J AD - Plateforme de Cytometrie en Flux, Structure Federative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24-CNRS UMS3633, Paris, France. FAU - Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel AU - Pawlotsky JM AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 18. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Fillatreau, Simon AU - Fillatreau S AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. FAU - Reynaud, Claude-Agnes AU - Reynaud CA AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Weill, Jean-Claude AU - Weill JC AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Rey, Felix A AU - Rey FA AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, CNRS UMR 3569, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France. FAU - Bruhns, Pierre AU - Bruhns P AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris Cite, INSERM UMR1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France. FAU - Mahevas, Matthieu AU - Mahevas M AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. Electronic address: matthieu.mahevas@aphp.fr. FAU - Chappert, Pascal AU - Chappert P AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Action thematique incitative sur programme-Avenir Team, Auto-Immune and Immune B cells, Universite Paris Cite, Universite Paris Est-Creteil, Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2. Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. Electronic address: pascal.chappert@inserm.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230804 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - COVID-19 breakthrough infections SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Memory B Cells MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - Epitopes MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing OTO - NOTNLM OT - Omicron BA.1 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - breakthrough infection OT - germinal center OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cells COIS- Declaration of interests Outside of the submitted work, M. Mahevas received research funds from GSK and personal fees from LFB and Amgen. J.-C.W. received consulting fees from Institut Merieux. P.B. received consulting fees from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. EDAT- 2023/08/06 05:42 MHDA- 2023/09/15 06:42 CRDT- 2023/08/05 18:41 PHST- 2023/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/15 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/06 05:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/05 18:41 [entrez] AID - S1074-7613(23)00320-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2023 Sep 12;56(9):2137-2151.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.007. Epub 2023 Aug 4. PMID- 37525920 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230802 LR - 20230802 IS - 2768-6698 (Electronic) IS - 2768-6698 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Jul 31 TI - Natural Killer Cells in SARS-CoV-2-Vaccinated Subjects with Increased Effector Cytotoxic CD56(dim) Cells and Memory-Like CD57(+)NKG2C(+)CD56(dim) Cells. PG - 156 LID - 10.31083/j.fbl2807156 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The infection and negative effects of the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) virus are mitigated by vaccines. It is unknown whether vaccination has worked by eliciting robust protective innate immune responses with high affinity. METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers received three doses of Comirnaty (Pfizer Australia Pty Ltd.) and were evaluated 9 months after the second vaccination and 1 month after the booster dose. The exclusion criteria were the presence of adverse effects following the vaccination, a history of smoking, and heterologous immunization. The inclusion criteria were the absence of prior Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 history, the absence of adverse effects, and the absence of comorbidities. Specific phenotype and levels of CD107a and granzyme production by blood NK (natural killer) cells were analyzed after exposure to SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen (Wuhan, Alpha B.1.1.7, Delta B.1.617.2, and Omicron B1.1.529 variants), and related with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody production. RESULTS: The booster dose caused early NK CD56dim subset activation and memory-like phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: We report the relevance of the innate immune response, especially NK cells, to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to guarantee efficient protection against the infection following a booster dose. CI - (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press. FAU - Gentili, Valentina AU - Gentili V AD - Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Bortolotti, Daria AU - Bortolotti D AD - Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Morandi, Luca AU - Morandi L AD - Pulmonology Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Rizzo, Sabrina AU - Rizzo S AD - Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Schiuma, Giovanna AU - Schiuma G AD - Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Beltrami, Silvia AU - Beltrami S AD - Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Casciano, Fabio AU - Casciano F AD - Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Papi, Alberto AU - Papi A AD - Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Contoli, Marco AU - Contoli M AD - Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Zauli, Giorgio AU - Zauli G AD - Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, 11462 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Rizzo, Roberta AU - Rizzo R AD - Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - Singapore TA - Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) JT - Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) JID - 101612996 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Killer Cells, Natural MH - *Antineoplastic Agents OTO - NOTNLM OT - NK cell OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - innate response OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/08/01 06:45 MHDA- 2023/08/02 06:42 CRDT- 2023/08/01 03:53 PHST- 2023/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/02 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/01 06:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/01 03:53 [entrez] AID - S2768-6701(23)00929-2 [pii] AID - 10.31083/j.fbl2807156 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2023 Jul 31;28(7):156. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2807156. PMID- 37518072 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230801 LR - 20230802 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Jul 30 TI - Long-term neurological complications in COVID-19 survivors: study protocol of a prospective cohort study (NeurodegCoV-19). PG - e072981 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072981 [doi] LID - e072981 AB - BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests an association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and worse performance on cognitive tests, and a higher risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia up to 6 and 12 months after infection, respectively. Longer follow-ups with comparison groups are needed to clarify the potentially increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases in COVID-19 survivors, namely those infected before mass vaccination. METHODS: A prospective study started in July 2022 with four cohorts of 150 individuals each, defined according to SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalisation status between March 2020 and February 2021: cohort 1-hospitalised due to SARS-CoV-2 infection; cohort 2-hospitalised, COVID-19-free; cohort 3-infected, not hospitalised; cohort 4-not infected, not hospitalised. Cohort 2 will be matched to cohort 1 according to age, sex, level of hospitalisation care and length of stay; cohort 4 will be age-matched and sex-matched to cohort 3. Baseline, 1-year and 2-year follow-up evaluations will include: cognitive performance assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and neuropsychological tests; the assessment of prodromal markers of PD with Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behaviour Disorder single-question Screen and self-reported olfactory and gustative alterations; screening of PD with the 9-item PD screening questionnaire; gait evaluation with Timed Up&Go test. Suspected cases of cognitive impairment and PD will undergo a clinical evaluation by a neurologist. Frequency measures of neurological complications, prodromal markers and diagnoses of dementia and PD, will be presented. The occurrence of cognitive decline-the difference between baseline and 1-year MoCA scores 1.5 SD below the mean of the distribution of the variation-will be compared between cohorts 1 and 2, and cohorts 3 and 4 with OR estimated using multivariate logistic regression. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study received ethics approval from the Ethics Committees of the health units Unidade Local de Saude de Matosinhos and Centro Hospitalar de Entre Douro e Vouga, and informed consent is signed for participating. Results will be disseminated among the scientific community and the public. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. FAU - Araujo, Natalia AU - Araujo N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1652-8999 AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal natalia.araujo@ispup.up.pt. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Departamento de Ciencias da Saude Publica e Forenses, e Educacao Medica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Silva, Isa AU - Silva I AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Campos, Patricia AU - Campos P AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Correia, Rita AU - Correia R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3476-9040 AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Calejo, Margarida AU - Calejo M AD - Servico de Neurologia, Unidade Local de Saude de Matosinhos, Senhora da Hora, Portugal. FAU - Freitas, Pedro AU - Freitas P AD - Escola Superior de Saude, Instituto Politecnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Seco, Mariana AU - Seco M AD - Servico de Neurologia, Unidade Local de Saude de Matosinhos, Senhora da Hora, Portugal. FAU - Ribeiro, Luis AU - Ribeiro L AD - Servico de Neurologia, Unidade Local de Saude de Matosinhos, Senhora da Hora, Portugal. FAU - Costa, Ana Rute AU - Costa AR AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Departamento de Ciencias da Saude Publica e Forenses, e Educacao Medica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Morais, Samantha AU - Morais S AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Pereira, Susana AU - Pereira S AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Servico de Neurologia, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia do Porto, Dr. Francisco Gentil, E.P.E, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Firmino-Machado, Joao AU - Firmino-Machado J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9410-633X AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Departamento de Ciencias Medicas, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. FAU - Rodrigues, Rita AU - Rodrigues R AD - Servico de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal. FAU - Pais, Joana AU - Pais J AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Ruano, Luis AU - Ruano L AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Servico de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal. FAU - Lunet, Nuno AU - Lunet N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1870-1430 AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Departamento de Ciencias da Saude Publica e Forenses, e Educacao Medica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Tedim-Cruz, Vitor AU - Tedim-Cruz V AD - EPIUnit, Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - Servico de Neurologia, Unidade Local de Saude de Matosinhos, Senhora da Hora, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230730 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Parkinson Disease/complications/diagnosis MH - *Dementia/complications PMC - PMC10387627 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Dementia OT - EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES OT - Neurological injury OT - Parkinson-s disease COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2023/07/31 00:41 MHDA- 2023/08/01 06:44 PMCR- 2023/07/30 CRDT- 2023/07/30 23:34 PHST- 2023/08/01 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/31 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/30 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2023-072981 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072981 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2023 Jul 30;13(7):e072981. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072981. PMID- 37515731 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230921 LR - 20230930 IS - 1432-1459 (Electronic) IS - 0340-5354 (Print) IS - 0340-5354 (Linking) VI - 270 IP - 10 DP - 2023 Oct TI - Neurological symptoms after COVID-19 vaccination: a report on the clinical presentation of the first 50 patients. PG - 4673-4677 LID - 10.1007/s00415-023-11895-9 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Neurological symptoms associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination were discovered in the context of billions of administered vaccine doses. The clinical manifestations often resemble post Coronavirus Disease 2019 (post-COVID-19) syndrome (PCS) features and may be considered as post-COVID-19 vaccine syndrome (PVS). Data regarding frequency, severity and pathophysiological mechanisms are scarce. METHODS: We assessed routine clinical examinations in 50 patients reporting new-onset neurological symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, including neurological examination, laboratory and electrophysiology tests, as well as self-report questionnaires measuring fatigue, depressive symptoms, anxiety, risk of somatic symptom disorder, and health-related quality of life. Patients were included when symptoms occurred after confirmed COVID-19 vaccination and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, and if no alternative diagnosis was found to explain the symptoms. RESULTS: The most frequently reported symptoms were paraesthesia (56%), fatigue (46%) and cognitive impairment (36%). Neurological, routine laboratory, and electrophysiological examinations did not yield distinct pathological findings. Neuropsychological testing of a subgroup revealed deficits in attention, executive function and memory. DISCUSSION: The spectrum of clinical manifestations post-vaccination poses a substantial overlap with PCS symptoms. As no pathological findings were obtained in routine diagnostics, uncertainty remains about the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and requires further investigation beyond routine work-up. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Gerhard, Ameli AU - Gerhard A AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Raeder, Vanessa AU - Raeder V AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Pernice, Helena Franziska AU - Pernice HF AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Boesl, Fabian AU - Boesl F AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Schroeder, Maria AU - Schroeder M AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Richter, Jonathan AU - Richter J AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Endres, Matthias AU - Endres M AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany. AD - Excellence Cluster NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Pruss, Harald AU - Pruss H AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hahn, Katrin AU - Hahn K AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Audebert, Heinrich J AU - Audebert HJ AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Franke, Christiana AU - Franke C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5609-2472 AD - Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. christiana.franke@charite.de. LA - eng GR - FR 4479/1-1/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ GR - PR 1274/8-1/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230729 PL - Germany TA - J Neurol JT - Journal of neurology JID - 0423161 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Quality of Life MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Fatigue/etiology MH - Neurologic Examination PMC - PMC10511371 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive impairment OT - Fatigue OT - Paresthesia OT - Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) OT - Post-COVID-19 vaccine syndrome (PVS) OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination COIS- All other authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. EDAT- 2023/07/29 21:45 MHDA- 2023/09/21 06:42 PMCR- 2023/07/29 CRDT- 2023/07/29 11:13 PHST- 2023/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/09/21 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/29 21:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/29 11:13 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00415-023-11895-9 [pii] AID - 11895 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00415-023-11895-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurol. 2023 Oct;270(10):4673-4677. doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-11895-9. Epub 2023 Jul 29. PMID- 37515407 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231115 LR - 20231115 IS - 1365-2753 (Electronic) IS - 1356-1294 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 8 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Unveiling the interplay between evidence, values and cognitive biases. The case of the failure of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. PG - 1294-1301 LID - 10.1111/jep.13903 [doi] AB - This paper depicts a Covid science case, that of the AstraZeneca Vaxzevria vaccine, with specific focus on what happened in Italy. Given that we believe acknowledging the role of non-evidential factors in medicine is an important insight into the recent philosophy of science, we illustrate how in the case of Vaxzevria, the interplay between facts, values (both epistemic and non-epistemic) and cognitive biases may have possibly led to different institutional decisions based on the same evidence. The structure of the paper is as follows. First, we provide a glossary of the relevant terms involved, that is to say, epistemic values, non-epistemic values and cognitive biases. Second, we sketch a timeline of Vaxzevria's approvals and suspensions by relevant institutional healthcare authorities with special focus on Italy and the Italian Medicines Agency. Then we show the interplay between the evidence base, epistemic as well as non-epistemic values and cognitive biases using a narrative review of political decisions along with newspaper and social media content pertaining to Vaxzevria. We briefly compare Italy with other European countries to show that different political decisions were made on the basis of the same evidence. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Amoretti, M Cristina AU - Amoretti MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2892-577X AD - DAFIST, Philosophy Section, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy. FAU - Lalumera, Elisabetta AU - Lalumera E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0345-0838 AD - Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230729 PL - England TA - J Eval Clin Pract JT - Journal of evaluation in clinical practice JID - 9609066 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Bias MH - Cognition OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cognitive bias OT - communication OT - philosophy of medicine OT - vaccination OT - values in science EDAT- 2023/07/29 11:49 MHDA- 2023/11/15 06:42 CRDT- 2023/07/29 03:15 PHST- 2023/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/15 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/29 11:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/29 03:15 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jep.13903 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Eval Clin Pract. 2023 Dec;29(8):1294-1301. doi: 10.1111/jep.13903. Epub 2023 Jul 29. PMID- 37515012 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230801 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Jul 4 TI - Booster Immunization Improves Memory B Cell Responses in Older Adults Unresponsive to Primary SARS-CoV-2 Immunization. LID - 10.3390/vaccines11071196 [doi] LID - 1196 AB - The generation of a specific long-term immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is considered important for protection against COVID-19 infection and disease. Memory B cells, responsible for the generation of antibody-producing plasmablasts upon a new antigen encounter, play an important role in this process. Therefore, the induction of memory B cell responses after primary and booster SARS-CoV-2 immunizations was investigated in the general population with an emphasis on older adults. Participants, 20-99 years of age, due to receive the mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were included in the current study. Specific memory B cells were determined by ex vivo ELISpot assays. In a subset of participants, antibody levels, avidity, and virus neutralization capacity were compared to memory B cell responses. Memory B cells specific for both Spike S1 and receptor-binding domain (RBD) were detected in the majority of participants following the primary immunization series. However, a proportion of predominantly older adults showed low frequencies of specific memory B cells. Booster vaccination resulted in a large increase in the frequencies of S1- and RBD-specific memory B cells also for those in which low memory B cell frequencies were detected after the primary series. These data show that booster immunization is important for the generation of a memory B cell response, as a subset of older adults shows a suboptimal response to the primary SARS-CoV-2 immunization series. It is anticipated that these memory B cells will play a significant role in the immune response following viral re-exposure. FAU - Verheul, Marije K AU - Verheul MK AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Nijhof, Kim H AU - Nijhof KH AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - de Zeeuw-Brouwer, Mary-Lene AU - de Zeeuw-Brouwer ML AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Duijm, Geraly AU - Duijm G AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Ten Hulscher, Hinke AU - Ten Hulscher H AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - de Rond, Lia AU - de Rond L AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Beckers, Lisa AU - Beckers L AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Eggink, Dirk AU - Eggink D AD - Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Laboratory Surveillance, WHO COVID-19 Reference Laboratory, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - van Tol, Sophie AU - van Tol S AD - Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Laboratory Surveillance, WHO COVID-19 Reference Laboratory, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Reimerink, Johan AU - Reimerink J AD - Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Laboratory Surveillance, WHO COVID-19 Reference Laboratory, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Boer, Mardi AU - Boer M AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - van Beek, Josine AU - van Beek J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7735-9359 AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Rots, Nynke AU - Rots N AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - van Binnendijk, Rob AU - van Binnendijk R AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Buisman, Anne-Marie AU - Buisman AM AD - Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230704 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC10384172 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - booster OT - coronavirus OT - memory B cells OT - older adults OT - primary vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/29 11:53 MHDA- 2023/07/29 11:54 PMCR- 2023/07/04 CRDT- 2023/07/29 01:44 PHST- 2023/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/29 11:54 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/29 11:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/29 01:44 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11071196 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-01196 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11071196 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jul 4;11(7):1196. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11071196. PMID- 37514964 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230731 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Jun 25 TI - Receptor-Binding-Domain-Specific B Cell Responses Induced by mRNA Immunization against SARS-CoV-2. LID - 10.3390/vaccines11071148 [doi] LID - 1148 AB - mRNA vaccines have been instrumental in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, but the short-lived protection mediated by Receptor Binding Domain (RBD)-specific antibodies necessitates frequent revaccinations to enhance vaccine-induced immunity. The development of RBD-specific B cell memory is critical for improving the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the immune response. However, the effect of additional doses of mRNA vaccines on the composition of the RBD-specific B cell memory pool remains unclear. In this study, we found that dual BNT162b2 vaccination significantly increased both total RBD-specific and memory RBD-specific B cells and neutralizing antibodies. Following the second BNT162b2 dose, we showed a trend for the enrichment of CD27+IgM- memory RBD-specific B cells, which are known to correlate with a strong humoral response upon re-challenge. Repeated Measures Correlation (rmcorr) analysis revealed a significant correlation between antibody titers and both total and memory RBD-specific B cells, demonstrating that B cell and antibody responses are generated in a coordinated manner following BNT162b2 mRNA immunization. Our findings indicate that additional doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine enhance the qualitative and quantitative enrichment of the memory B cell pool against the vaccine antigens and collectively demonstrate the induction of a coordinated immune response to mRNA vaccination. FAU - Geropeppa, Maria AU - Geropeppa M AD - Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Papadatou, Ioanna AU - Papadatou I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0421-9416 AD - Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. AD - First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. AD - University Research Institute for the Study of Genetic & Malignant Disorders in Childhood, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Sarantis, Panagiotis AU - Sarantis P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5848-7905 AD - Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Tzanoudaki, Marianna AU - Tzanoudaki M AD - Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Specialized Center and Referral Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Pediatric Immunology, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis AU - Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6328-9783 AD - Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece. FAU - Bagratuni, Tina AU - Bagratuni T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8695-0493 AD - Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece. FAU - Terpos, Evangelos AU - Terpos E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5133-1422 AD - Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece. FAU - Spoulou, Vana AU - Spoulou V AD - Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. AD - First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. LA - eng GR - N/A/University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, First De-partment of Paediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian Univer-sity of Athens, Athens, Greece/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230625 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC10383073 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antigen-specific memory B cells OT - immunological memory OT - mRNA vaccines OT - neutralizing antibodies COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/29 11:48 MHDA- 2023/07/29 11:49 PMCR- 2023/06/25 CRDT- 2023/07/29 01:44 PHST- 2023/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/29 11:49 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/29 11:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/29 01:44 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11071148 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-01148 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11071148 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jun 25;11(7):1148. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11071148. PMID- 37483174 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230908 LR - 20230911 IS - 1468-1331 (Electronic) IS - 1351-5101 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 10 DP - 2023 Oct TI - Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on disease activity in multiple sclerosis patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. PG - 3362-3366 LID - 10.1111/ene.15989 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: It is still debated whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected disease activity in people with autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study, therefore, was to explore the impact of COVID-19 in people with MS (pwMS) not receiving continuative disease-modifying therapy (DMT) after previous treatment with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included pwMS treated with AHSCT who were in disease remission without receiving DMTs during the pandemic and who were followed up at our centre during the study period. Data on SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination were recorded, with details of adverse events and clinical-radiological disease activity. RESULTS: A total of 36 pwMS (31 females; 86%) were included, of whom 23 (64%) had relapsing-remitting (RR-MS) and 13 had secondary progressive MS (SP-MS). Thirty-three pwMS (92%) received anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Thirteen patients (36%) developed mild to moderate COVID-19 a median (range) of 58 (4-224) months after AHSCT; seven (54%) of these patients were not yet vaccinated. Transient neurological symptoms after vaccination or infection were reported in 9% and 36% of the patients, respectively. The rate of new inflammatory events (relapses or asymptomatic magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] activity) after AHSCT increased from 0.006 (one asymptomatic new lesion/159 patient-years) before the pandemic to 0.083 (five relapses plus two cases of asymptomatic MRI activity/84 patient-years) since the pandemic start (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: People with MS with a history of highly active disease, who are untreated or receiving moderate-efficacy DMTs might be more vulnerable to disease reactivation, possibly elicited by exogenous triggers. Careful monitoring and further investigation are warranted to ascertain whether special precautions are needed in these cases. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology. FAU - Mariottini, Alice AU - Mariottini A AD - Department of Neurosciences, Drug and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Department of Neurology 2 and Tuscan Region Multiple Sclerosis Referral Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Lotti, Antonio AU - Lotti A AD - Department of Neurosciences, Drug and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Innocenti, Chiara AU - Innocenti C AD - Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Repice, Anna Maria AU - Repice AM AD - Department of Neurology 2 and Tuscan Region Multiple Sclerosis Referral Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Nozzoli, Chiara AU - Nozzoli C AD - Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Boncompagni, Riccardo AU - Boncompagni R AD - Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Fainardi, Enrico AU - Fainardi E AD - Neuroradiology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Saccardi, Riccardo AU - Saccardi R AD - Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Massacesi, Luca AU - Massacesi L AD - Department of Neurosciences, Drug and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Department of Neurology 2 and Tuscan Region Multiple Sclerosis Referral Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230802 PL - England TA - Eur J Neurol JT - European journal of neurology JID - 9506311 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Multiple Sclerosis/complications/therapy MH - Pandemics MH - *Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/therapy MH - Treatment Outcome MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - hematopoietic stem cell transplantation OT - multiple sclerosis OT - vaccination EDAT- 2023/07/24 06:43 MHDA- 2023/09/08 06:43 CRDT- 2023/07/24 04:25 PHST- 2023/07/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/08 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/24 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/24 04:25 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/ene.15989 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Neurol. 2023 Oct;30(10):3362-3366. doi: 10.1111/ene.15989. Epub 2023 Aug 2. PMID- 37481021 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241220 LR - 20260924 IS - 1555-7162 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9343 (Linking) VI - 138 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jan TI - A Cross-Sectional Study of Symptom Prevalence, Frequency, Severity, and Impact of Long COVID in Scotland: Part I. PG - 121-130 LID - S0002-9343(23)00460-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.07.004 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Commonly reported symptoms of long COVID may have different patterns of prevalence and presentation across different countries. While some limited data have been reported for the United Kingdom, national specificity for Scotland is less clear. We present a cross-sectional survey to examine the symptom prevalence, frequency, and severity of long COVID for people living with the condition in Scotland. METHODS: An online survey was created in the English language and was available between April 21, 2022 and August 5, 2022. Participants were included if they were >/=18 years old, living in Scotland, and had self-diagnosed or confirmed long COVID; and excluded if they were hospitalized during their initial infection. Within this article we quantify symptom prevalence, frequency, severity, and duration. RESULTS: Participants (n = 253) reported the most prevalent long-COVID symptoms to be post-exertional malaise (95%), fatigue/tiredness (85%), and cognitive impairment (68%). Fatigue/tiredness, problems with activities of daily living (ADL), and general pain were most frequently occurring, while sleep difficulties, problems with ADL, and nausea were the most severe. Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation associated with symptom number, severity, and frequency, whereas vaccine status, age, sex, and smoking status had limited or no association. CONCLUSIONS: These findings outline the challenges faced for those living with long COVID and highlight the need for longitudinal research to ascertain a better understanding of the condition and its longer-term societal impact. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Mclaughlin, Marie AU - Mclaughlin M AD - Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Marie.Mclaughlin@uws.ac.uk. FAU - Cerexhe, Luke AU - Cerexhe L AD - Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - Macdonald, Eilidh AU - Macdonald E AD - Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - Ingram, Joanne AU - Ingram J AD - School of Education and Social Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom. FAU - Sanal-Hayes, Nilihan E M AU - Sanal-Hayes NEM AD - Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom; School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom. FAU - Hayes, Lawrence D AU - Hayes LD FAU - Meach, Rachel AU - Meach R AD - Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - Carless, David AU - Carless D AD - Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - Sculthorpe, Nicholas AU - Sculthorpe N AD - Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - COV/LTE/20/08/CSO_/Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Published Erratum PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230720 PL - United States TA - Am J Med JT - The American journal of medicine JID - 0267200 SB - IM EFR - Am J Med. 2025 Jan;138(1):155. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.02.024. PMID: 38816335 EIN - Am J Med. 2025 Jan;138(1):155. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.02.024. PMID: 38816335 MH - Humans MH - Scotland/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/complications MH - Prevalence MH - *Severity of Illness Index MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Activities of Daily Living MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Fatigue/epidemiology/etiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long COVID OT - PAIS OT - PASC OT - Survey OT - Symptoms EDAT- 2023/07/23 01:11 MHDA- 2024/12/21 16:43 CRDT- 2023/07/22 19:23 PHST- 2023/06/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/07/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/21 16:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/23 01:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/22 19:23 [entrez] AID - S0002-9343(23)00460-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.07.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Med. 2025 Jan;138(1):121-130. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.07.004. Epub 2023 Jul 20. PMID- 37468803 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230919 LR - 20240925 IS - 2240-2993 (Electronic) IS - 0300-9009 (Print) IS - 0300-9009 (Linking) VI - 123 IP - 5 DP - 2023 Oct TI - Miller Fischer syndrome after COVID-19 infection and vaccine: a systematic review. PG - 1693-1701 LID - 10.1007/s13760-023-02336-5 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 (CoranaVirus disease 2019) is an ongoing infectious disease caused by the RNA SARS-CoV-2 virus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2). The virus mainly causes respiratory symptoms, but neurological symptoms have also been reported to be part of the clinical manifestations of the disease. The aim of this study was to systematically review Miller fisher syndrome (MFS) published cases, in the context of COVID-19 infection or vaccination. METHODS: A systematic literature review on Medline was performed. A total of 21 papers were included in the present review. RESULTS: Twenty-two MFS cases (77% males) were identified, 14 related to COVID-19 infection and 8 to vaccination against COVID-19. The median age of the adult patients was 50 years (interquartile range 36-63 years). Sixteen patients (73%) had the classic triad of MFS (ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, areflexia), four (18%) had acute ophthalmoplegia and one other characteristic symptom and two patients (9%) had only one other characteristic symptom, but they tested positive for GQ1b antibodies. Nine (41%) patients had positive GQ1b antibodies and were classified as "definite" MFS. Albuminocytologic dissociation was found in half of the cases. The outcome was favourable in the majority of cases (86%) whereas one patient, despite the initial improvement, died because of a cardiac arrest, after cardiac arrythmia. CONCLUSIONS: MFS after COVID-19 infection/vaccination was found to have the typical epidemiological characteristics of classic MFS; being rare, occurring more often after infection than vaccination, affecting mainly middle-aged males usually within 3 weeks after the event and having an excellent prognosis after treatment with IVIG or even with no treatment at all. We found no evidence that MFS after COVID-19 infection was different from MFS after COVID-19 vaccination, although the former tended to occur earlier. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Neophytou, Panayiota AU - Neophytou P AD - Medical School, University of Cyprus, Old Road Nicosia-Limmasol 215/6, 2029, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Artemiadis, Artemios AU - Artemiadis A AD - Medical School, University of Cyprus, Old Road Nicosia-Limmasol 215/6, 2029, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M AU - Hadjigeorgiou GM AD - Medical School, University of Cyprus, Old Road Nicosia-Limmasol 215/6, 2029, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Zis, Panagiotis AU - Zis P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8567-3092 AD - Medical School, University of Cyprus, Old Road Nicosia-Limmasol 215/6, 2029, Nicosia, Cyprus. zis.panagiotis@ucy.ac.cy. AD - Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772, Athens, Greece. zis.panagiotis@ucy.ac.cy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20230719 PL - Italy TA - Acta Neurol Belg JT - Acta neurologica Belgica JID - 0247035 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - Chromosome 11p Deletion Syndrome RN - Genee-Wiedemann syndrome SB - IM MH - Male MH - Abnormalities, Multiple MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/complications MH - *Vaccines MH - Micrognathism MH - WAGR Syndrome MH - Middle Aged MH - Chromosome Deletion MH - Adult MH - Limb Deformities, Congenital MH - *Ophthalmoplegia/etiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 MH - Mandibulofacial Dysostosis MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Miller Fisher Syndrome/epidemiology/etiology PMC - PMC10505097 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - GQ1b OT - Infection OT - Miller Fisher OT - Post-infectious OT - Syndrome OT - Vaccine COIS- All authors have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/20 01:07 MHDA- 2023/09/18 12:44 PMCR- 2023/07/19 CRDT- 2023/07/19 23:37 PHST- 2023/01/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/18 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/20 01:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/19 23:37 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s13760-023-02336-5 [pii] AID - 2336 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s13760-023-02336-5 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Neurol Belg. 2023 Oct;123(5):1693-1701. doi: 10.1007/s13760-023-02336-5. Epub 2023 Jul 19. PMID- 37457966 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230718 LR - 20230718 IS - 2235-2988 (Electronic) IS - 2235-2988 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2023 TI - Humoral immune responses to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine up to 1 year in children with chronic hepatitis B infection. PG - 1201101 LID - 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1201101 [doi] LID - 1201101 AB - BACKGROUND: Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has recently been approved for children aged 3-17 years in China. However, data on long-term humoral responses to inactivated vaccines in children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are still limited. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, CHB children after primary inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were recruited consecutively and followed up for 1 year. CHB adults from another cohort study (NCT05007665) were used as a control. The receptor-binding domain IgG antibody (anti-RBD-IgG), neutralizing antibody (NAb), neutralization against Omicron (BA2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5), and memory B -cell (MBC) responses were evaluated. RESULTS: Overall, 115 CHB children and 351 CHB adults were included in this analysis. The antibody titers decreased over the first ~180 days and then plateaued up to 1 year in CHB children. However, lower and faster declines in antibody responses were observed in CHB adults. Interestingly, the seroprevalence of antibodies was still high after over 8 months in CHB children (anti-RBD-IgG [90%] and NAbs [83%]). However, neutralization against Omicron subvariants was significantly reduced in CHB children (-3.68-fold to -8.60-fold). Notably, neutralization against the BA.5 subvariant was obviously diminished in CHB children compared with adults. Moreover, CHB children had similar RBD-specific MBCs but higher RBD-specific atypical MBCs compared with adults. CONCLUSION: Inactivated vaccination could elicit more robust and durable antibody responses to the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 strain in CHB children than in CHB adults but showed inferior responses to Omicron subvariants (especially to the BA.5 strain). Hence, new Omicron-related or all-in-one vaccines are needed immediately for CHB children. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Zhou, Chen, He, Peng, Chang, Tan, Li, Cai, Hu, Chen, Peng, Xu and Ren. FAU - Zhou, Yingzhi AU - Zhou Y AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Zhiwei AU - Chen Z AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - He, Yi AU - He Y AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China. FAU - Peng, Xiaorong AU - Peng X AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chang, Yunan AU - Chang Y AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China. FAU - Tan, Aoxue AU - Tan A AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Hu AU - Li H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Cai, Dachuan AU - Cai D AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Hu, Peng AU - Hu P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Min AU - Chen M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Peng, Mingli AU - Peng M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Xu, Hongmei AU - Xu H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ren, Hong AU - Ren H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05007665 PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230629 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Cell Infect Microbiol JT - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology JID - 101585359 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Hepatitis B, Chronic MH - Seroepidemiologic Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - *Hepatitis B MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC10339386 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - adolescent OT - antibody response OT - chronic hepatitis B OT - inactivated vaccine OT - memory B cells OT - omicron COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/17 06:42 MHDA- 2023/07/18 13:10 PMCR- 2023/06/29 CRDT- 2023/07/17 04:48 PHST- 2023/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/18 13:10 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/17 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/17 04:48 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1201101 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Jun 29;13:1201101. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1201101. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37457721 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230718 LR - 20230718 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Breakthrough infection evokes the nasopharyngeal innate immune responses established by SARS-CoV-2-inactivated vaccine. PG - 1181121 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181121 [doi] LID - 1181121 AB - Nasopharyngeal immune responses are vital for defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although vaccination via muscle immunization has shown a high efficacy in reducing severity and death in COVID-19 infection, breakthrough infection frequently happens because of mutant variants and incompletely established mucosal immunity, especially in the upper respiratory tract. Here, we performed a single-cell RNA and T-cell receptor repertoire sequencing and delineated a high-resolution transcriptome landscape of nasopharyngeal mucosal immune and epithelial cells in vaccinated persons with breakthrough infection and non-vaccinated persons with natural infection as control. The epithelial cells showed anti-virus gene expression diversity and potentially recruited innate immune cells into the nasopharyngeal mucous of vaccinated patients. Upon infection, they released significant pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by macrophages and monocytes and expressed antigen-presenting relevant genes by dendritic cells. Such immune responses of nasopharyngeal innate immune cells would facilitate the strengthened expression of cytotoxic genes in virus-specific T-cell or B-cell differentiation into antibody-secreting cells at the early stage of breakthrough infection through cell interaction between innate and adaptive immune cells. Notably, these alterations of nasopharyngeal immune cells in breakthrough infection depended on the activated Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling rather than type I interferon responses due to the general reduction in interferon-stimulated gene expression. Our findings suggest that vaccination potentially strengthens innate immune barriers and virus-specific memory immune cell responses, which could be quickly activated to defend against variant breakthrough infection and maintain nasopharyngeal epithelial cell integrity. Thus, this study highlights the necessity of a boost via nasal mucous after intramuscular immunization. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 He, Cao, Lu, Qi, Wang, Liao, Xu, Yang, Ma, Li, Tang and Zhang. FAU - He, Xiaomeng AU - He X AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Cao, Yingyin AU - Cao Y AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Lu, Yanmei AU - Lu Y AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Qi, Furong AU - Qi F AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Wang, Haiyan AU - Wang H AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Liao, Xuejiao AU - Liao X AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Xu, Gang AU - Xu G AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Yang, Biao AU - Yang B AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Ma, Junhua AU - Ma J AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Li, Dapeng AU - Li D AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Tang, Xian AU - Tang X AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. FAU - Zhang, Zheng AU - Zhang Z AD - Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. AD - Shenzhen Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230629 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - Immunity, Innate MH - Vaccines, Inactivated PMC - PMC10349640 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - breakthrough infection OT - innate immune memory OT - mucosal immunity OT - single-cell RNA sequencing COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/17 06:42 MHDA- 2023/07/18 13:08 PMCR- 2023/06/29 CRDT- 2023/07/17 04:43 PHST- 2023/03/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/18 13:08 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/17 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/17 04:43 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181121 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Jun 29;14:1181121. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181121. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37457694 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230718 LR - 20230718 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 Comirnaty vaccine elicits weak and short specific memory B cell response in individuals with no previous infection. PG - 1127379 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127379 [doi] LID - 1127379 AB - OBJECTIVES: The dynamics of the memory B cell (MBC) repertoire after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is crucial for assessing long-term immunity. We compare spike-specific MBC responses between SARS-CoV-2 unexposed and recovered individuals, and their impact on breakthrough infections during follow-up. METHODS: Spike-specific MBC and T cells were quantified at inclusion and after two doses of mRNA vaccine in a longitudinal cohort of 85 naive and 64 recovered participants (47 with positive serology and 17 with negative serology after infection). RESULTS: At inclusion, there was minimal spike-specific MBC in naive SARS-CoV-2 individuals. After the second vaccine dose, MBCs were significantly boosted in naive individuals, but reached a significantly lower level than that observed even in unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 convalescents (p<0.001). Furthermore, while the secondary memory B cell (MBC) population consisted of 100%, 33%, and 76% IgG(+), IgM(+), and IgA(+) expressing cells, respectively, in the unexposed group, the MBC response showed a significant decrease across all isotypes. Similarly, although secondary specific IgG(+), IgM(+), and IgA(+)-MBC isotypes were found in 100%, 39%, and 76% of the unexposed participants, respectively, the magnitude of the MBC levels was significantly lower for all the isotypes compared to convalescents. Interestingly, convalescents without an initial serological response had a lower MBC response, like what found in unexposed subjects. There was an inverse correlation between specific MBCs (r=-0.307; p=0.027), especially for isotype IgA(+) (r=-0.279, p=0.045), and the time since the second vaccination dose. Furthermore, during a median follow-up of 434 days (IQR, 339-495), 49 out of 149 individuals (33%) became infected, 29 in naive and 20 in convalescent individuals, showing a significant correlation between spike-specific MBC magnitude after vaccination and the time for SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially for IgA(+)/IgG(+) MBC isotypes. CONCLUSIONS: MBCs were primed by mRNA-based vaccination in most cases, but SARS-CoV-2 naive individuals had a blunted specific MBC response, and this was associated with a shorter time to breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Casado, Vizcarra, Martin-Hondarza, Gomez-Maldonado, Muedra-Sanchez, del Pino, Mirabella, Martin-Colmenarejo, Haemmerle, Fernandez-Escribano and Vallejo. FAU - Casado, Jose L AU - Casado JL AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, CIBERINFEC (Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases), Madrid, Spain. AD - IRYCIS, Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Vizcarra, Pilar AU - Vizcarra P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, CIBERINFEC (Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases), Madrid, Spain. AD - IRYCIS, Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martin-Hondarza, Adrian AU - Martin-Hondarza A AD - Laboratory of Immunovirology, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gomez-Maldonado, Sandra AU - Gomez-Maldonado S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, CIBERINFEC (Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Muedra-Sanchez, Magdalena AU - Muedra-Sanchez M AD - Department of Occupational Safety and Health, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Del Pino, Judith AU - Del Pino J AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, CIBERINFEC (Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Mirabella, Itria G AU - Mirabella IG AD - Department of Occupational Safety and Health, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martin-Colmenarejo, Sara AU - Martin-Colmenarejo S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, CIBERINFEC (Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Haemmerle, Johannes AU - Haemmerle J AD - Department of Occupational Safety and Health, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Escribano, Marina AU - Fernandez-Escribano M AD - Department of Occupational Safety and Health, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Vallejo, Alejandro AU - Vallejo A AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, CIBERINFEC (Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases), Madrid, Spain. AD - IRYCIS, Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. AD - Laboratory of Immunovirology, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230629 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Memory B Cells MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - Immunoglobulin A MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Immunoglobulin M PMC - PMC10338867 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell response OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - convalescents OT - longterm immunity COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/17 06:42 MHDA- 2023/07/18 13:09 PMCR- 2023/06/29 CRDT- 2023/07/17 04:43 PHST- 2022/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/18 13:09 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/17 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/17 04:43 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127379 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Jun 29;14:1127379. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127379. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37451415 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230814 LR - 20230822 IS - 1521-7035 (Electronic) IS - 1521-6616 (Linking) VI - 254 DP - 2023 Sep TI - SARS-COV-2 specific t-cells in patients with thyroid disorders related to COVID-19 are enriched in the thyroid and acquire a tissue-resident memory phenotype. PG - 109684 LID - S1521-6616(23)00447-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109684 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 infections have been associated with the onset of thyroid disorders like classic subacute thyroiditis (SAT) or atypical SAT upon severe COVID disease (COV-A-SAT). Little is known about thyroid anti-viral immune responses. OBJECTIVES: To define the role of T-cells in COV-A-SAT. METHODS: T-cells from COV-A-SAT patients were analyzed by multi-dimensional flow cytometry, UMAP and DiffusionMap dimensionality reduction and FlowSOM clustering. T-cells from COVID-naive healthy donors, patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (ATD) and with SAT following COVID vaccination were analyzed as controls. T-cells were analyzed four and eight months post-infection in peripheral blood and in thyroid specimen obtained by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration. SARS-COV2-specific T-cells were identified by cytokine production induced by SARS-COV2-derived peptides and with COVID peptide-loaded HLA multimers after HLA haplotyping. RESULTS: COV-A-SAT was associated with HLA-DRB1*13 and HLA-B*57. COV-A-SAT patients contained activated Th1- and cytotoxic CD4+ and CD8+ effector cells four months post-infection, which acquired a quiescent memory phenotype after eight months. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were readily detectable in peripheral blood four months post-infection, but were reduced after eight months. CD4+ and CD8+ tissue-resident memory cells (TRM) were present in the thyroid, and circulating CXCR3+T-cells identified as their putative precursors. SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells were enriched in the thyroid, and acquired a TRM phenotype eight months post-infection. CONCLUSIONS: The association of COV-A-SAT with specific HLA haplotypes suggests a genetic predisposition and a key role for T-cells. COV-A-SAT is characterized by a prolonged systemic anti-viral effector T-cell response and the late generation of COVID-specific TRM in the thyroid target tissue. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Silvestri, Ylenia AU - Silvestri Y AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Clemente, Francesca AU - Clemente F AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Moschetti, Giorgia AU - Moschetti G AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Maioli, Sara AU - Maioli S AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunita, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Carelli, Elena AU - Carelli E AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Espadas de Arias, Alejandro AU - Espadas de Arias A AD - S.C. Trapianti Lombardia - NITp, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Sforza 35 c/o INGM, 20122 Milano, Iraly. FAU - Torelli, Rosanna AU - Torelli R AD - S.C. Trapianti Lombardia - NITp, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Sforza 35 c/o INGM, 20122 Milano, Iraly. FAU - Longhi, Elena AU - Longhi E AD - S.C. Trapianti Lombardia - NITp, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Sforza 35 c/o INGM, 20122 Milano, Iraly. FAU - De Feo, Tullia AU - De Feo T AD - S.C. Trapianti Lombardia - NITp, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Sforza 35 c/o INGM, 20122 Milano, Iraly. FAU - Crosti, MariaCristina AU - Crosti M AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Sarnicola, Maria Lucia AU - Sarnicola ML AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Salvi, Mario AU - Salvi M AD - Struttura Complessa Endocrinologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Mantovani, Giovanna AU - Mantovani G AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunita, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy; Struttura Complessa Endocrinologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Arosio, Maura AU - Arosio M AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunita, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy; Struttura Complessa Endocrinologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bombaci, Mauro AU - Bombaci M AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Pesce, Elisa AU - Pesce E AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Grifantini, Renata AU - Grifantini R AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Abrignani, Sergio AU - Abrignani S AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunita, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Geginat, Jens AU - Geginat J AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunita, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Muller, Ilaria AU - Muller I AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunita, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy; Struttura Complessa Endocrinologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230713 PL - United States TA - Clin Immunol JT - Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) JID - 100883537 RN - 0 (RNA, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Thyroid Gland MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - RNA, Viral MH - Phenotype MH - Antibodies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anti-viral T-cells OT - SARS-COV2 OT - Thyroid OT - Tissue resident memory cells COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest We declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/15 10:42 MHDA- 2023/08/14 06:42 CRDT- 2023/07/14 19:24 PHST- 2023/03/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/14 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/15 10:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/14 19:24 [entrez] AID - S1521-6616(23)00447-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109684 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Immunol. 2023 Sep;254:109684. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109684. Epub 2023 Jul 13. PMID- 37440409 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230731 LR - 20250530 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 42 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Jul 25 TI - Tracking B cell responses to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccine. PG - 112780 LID - S2211-1247(23)00791-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112780 [doi] AB - Protective immunity following vaccination is sustained by long-lived antibody-secreting cells and resting memory B cells (MBCs). Responses to two-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccination are evaluated longitudinally by multimodal single-cell analysis in three infection-naive individuals. Integrated surface protein, transcriptomics, and B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire analysis of sorted plasmablasts and spike(+) (S-2P(+)) and S-2P(-) B cells reveal clonal expansion and accumulating mutations among S-2P(+) cells. These cells are enriched in a cluster of immunoglobulin G-expressing MBCs and evolve along a bifurcated trajectory rooted in CXCR3(+) MBCs. One branch leads to CD11c(+) atypical MBCs while the other develops from CD71(+) activated precursors to resting MBCs, the dominant population at month 6. Among 12 evolving S-2P(+) clones, several are populated with plasmablasts at early timepoints as well as CD71(+) activated and resting MBCs at later timepoints, and display intra- and/or inter-cohort BCR convergence. These relationships suggest a coordinated and predictable evolution of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-generated MBCs. CI - Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Lopes de Assis, Felipe AU - Lopes de Assis F AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Hoehn, Kenneth B AU - Hoehn KB AD - Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. FAU - Zhang, Xiaozhen AU - Zhang X AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Kardava, Lela AU - Kardava L AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Smith, Connor D AU - Smith CD AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - El Merhebi, Omar AU - El Merhebi O AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Buckner, Clarisa M AU - Buckner CM AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Trihemasava, Krittin AU - Trihemasava K AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Wang, Wei AU - Wang W AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Seamon, Catherine A AU - Seamon CA AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Chen, Vicky AU - Chen V AD - Integrated Data Sciences Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Schaughency, Paul AU - Schaughency P AD - Integrated Data Sciences Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Cheung, Foo AU - Cheung F AD - NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Martins, Andrew J AU - Martins AJ AD - Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Chiang, Chi-I AU - Chiang CI AD - Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Li, Yuxing AU - Li Y AD - Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. FAU - Tsang, John S AU - Tsang JS AD - NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Chun, Tae-Wook AU - Chun TW AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Kleinstein, Steven H AU - Kleinstein SH AD - Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. FAU - Moir, Susan AU - Moir S AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: smoir@niaid.nih.gov. LA - eng GR - R01 AI136756/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - ZIA AI001325/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States GR - K99 AI159302/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI104739/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI102766/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AI036214/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI126587/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R41 AI147929/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI175439/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20230712 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - EPK39PL4R4 (2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - B-Lymphocytes MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC10529190 MID - NIHMS1920508 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - BCR repertoire OT - CP: Immunology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - immunological memory OT - mRNA vaccine OT - single-cell profiling COIS- Declaration of interests S.H.K. receives consulting fees from Peraton. K.B.H. receives consulting fees from Prellis Biologics. EDAT- 2023/07/13 19:15 MHDA- 2023/07/31 06:43 PMCR- 2023/09/27 CRDT- 2023/07/13 12:35 PHST- 2023/02/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/31 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/13 19:15 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/13 12:35 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(23)00791-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112780 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2023 Jul 25;42(7):112780. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112780. Epub 2023 Jul 12. PMID- 37427078 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230718 IS - 1712-9532 (Print) IS - 1918-1493 (Electronic) IS - 1712-9532 (Linking) VI - 2023 DP - 2023 TI - Post-COVID-19 Vaccination CNS Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings: A Systematic Review. PG - 1570830 LID - 10.1155/2023/1570830 [doi] LID - 1570830 AB - OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to synthesize and analyze the available literature on central nervous system (CNS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in individuals who have received COVID-19 vaccinations. Our objective is to enhance understanding of potential neurological side effects, inform clinical practice, and guide future research on the neurological implications of COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS: In this systematic review, we conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2020 to April 2023, using terms related to COVID-19 vaccination and CNS MRI findings. We evaluated the quality of the study, extracted relevant data, and included 89 eligible studies that covered various vaccines, demographics of patients, symptoms, and MRI findings to provide a thorough understanding of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-related CNS problems. RESULTS: We investigated CNS MRI findings following COVID-19 vaccination across various vaccine types. Common diseases associated with post-vaccination CNS MRI findings included cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), acute myelitis, autoimmune encephalitis (AE), and others. Patients presented with diverse onset symptoms and neurological manifestations. Abnormalities identified in CNS MRI findings included white matter (WM) hyperintensity. Our analysis offers a comprehensive overview of the current literature on post-vaccination CNS MRI findings. Discussion. We highlight a range of post-COVID-19 vaccination CNS MRI findings, including CVST, with a higher incidence in individuals receiving the ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca) vaccine. Other notable observations include cases of ADEM, myelitis or transverse myelitis (TM), Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), and acute encephalopathy following COVID-19 vaccination. The incidence of these neurological complications is extremely rare, and the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks. The reviewed studies were primarily case reports or case series, and thus large-scale epidemiological studies and controlled clinical trials are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and risk factors associated with these neurological complications following COVID-19 vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Sadegh Ghaderi et al. FAU - Ghaderi, Sadegh AU - Ghaderi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1334-8826 AD - Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Mohammadi, Sana AU - Mohammadi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2286-9052 AD - Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Heidari, Mehrsa AU - Heidari M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8760-1583 AD - Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. FAU - Sharif Jalali, Seyedeh Shadi AU - Sharif Jalali SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8653-5908 AD - Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. FAU - Mohammadi, Mahdi AU - Mohammadi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2833-2472 AD - Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230629 PL - United States TA - Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol JT - The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale JID - 101226876 PMC - PMC10325882 COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/10 06:42 MHDA- 2023/07/10 06:43 PMCR- 2023/01/01 CRDT- 2023/07/10 05:19 PHST- 2023/03/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/10 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/10 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/10 05:19 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2023/1570830 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2023 Jun 29;2023:1570830. doi: 10.1155/2023/1570830. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37426444 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230718 IS - 1664-2295 (Print) IS - 1664-2295 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2295 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - New onset or relapsing neuromyelitis optica temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review. PG - 1099758 LID - 10.3389/fneur.2023.1099758 [doi] LID - 1099758 AB - BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare chronic neuroinflammatory autoimmune condition. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been reports of NMOSD clinical manifestations following both SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 vaccinations. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to systematically review the published literature of NMOSD clinical manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 vaccinations. METHODS: A Boolean search of the medical literature was conducted between December 1, 2019 to September 1, 2022, utilizing Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, Trip Database, Clinicaltrials.gov, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Articles were collated and managed on Covidence((R)) software. The authors independently appraised the articles for meeting study criteria and followed PRISMA guidelines. The literature search included all case reports and case series that met study criteria and involved NMOSD following either the SARS-CoV-2 infection or the COVID-19 vaccination. RESULTS: A total of 702 articles were imported for screening. After removing 352 duplicates and 313 articles based on exclusion criteria, 34 articles were analyzed. A total of 41 cases were selected, including 15 patients that developed new onset NMOSD following a SARS-CoV-2 infection, 21 patients that developed de novo NMOSD following COVID-19 vaccination, 3 patients with known NMOSD that experienced a relapse following vaccination, and 2 patients with presumed Multiple Sclerosis (MS) that was unmasked as NMOSD post-vaccination. There was a female preponderance of 76% among all NMOSD cases. The median time interval between the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms and NMOSD symptom onset was 14 days (range 3-120 days) and the median interval between COVID-19 vaccination and onset of NMO symptoms was 10 days (range 1 to 97 days). Transverse myelitis was the most common neurological manifestation in all patient groups (27/41). Management encompassed acute treatments such as high dose intravenous methylprednisolone, plasmapheresis, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and maintenance immunotherapies. The majority of patients experienced a favorable outcome with complete or partial recovery, but 3 patients died. CONCLUSION: This systematic review suggests that there is an association between NMOSD and SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 vaccinations. This association requires further study using quantitative epidemiological assessments in a large population to better quantify the risk. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Harel, Gorman and Wallin. FAU - Harel, Tamar AU - Harel T AD - Department of Veterans Affairs Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence (VA MSCoE), Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States. AD - Department of Neurology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Gorman, Emily F AU - Gorman EF AD - Health Sciences and Human Services Library, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Wallin, Mitchell T AU - Wallin MT AD - Department of Veterans Affairs Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence (VA MSCoE), Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States. AD - Department of Neurology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230622 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurol JT - Frontiers in neurology JID - 101546899 PMC - PMC10323143 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - neuromyelitis optica OT - outcomes OT - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/10 06:42 MHDA- 2023/07/10 06:43 PMCR- 2023/06/22 CRDT- 2023/07/10 05:09 PHST- 2022/11/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/10 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/10 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/10 05:09 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fneur.2023.1099758 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurol. 2023 Jun 22;14:1099758. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1099758. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37423421 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230809 LR - 20230810 IS - 1878-3511 (Electronic) IS - 1201-9712 (Linking) VI - 134 DP - 2023 Sep TI - Chorea following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination: a systematic review of reported cases. PG - 256-260 LID - S1201-9712(23)00652-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.07.001 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Chorea following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination, has been increasingly recognized. We aimed to synthesize clinical and paraclinical characteristics, treatment responses, and outcomes of this neurologic complication. METHODS: We systematically reviewed LitCOVID, the World Health Organization database on COVID-19, and MedRxiv up to March 2023, following a published protocol. RESULTS: We included 14 chorea cases in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and eight following COVID-19 vaccination. Acute or subacute chorea preceded COVID-19 symptoms within 1-3 days or developed up to 3 months after infection. Frequently it was generalized (85.7%), with associated neurological manifestations (encephalopathy 35.7%; other movement disorders 7.1%). After vaccination, chorea had a sudden onset (87.5%) within 2 weeks (75%); 87.5% of cases presented hemichorea, with hemiballismus (37.5%) or other movement disorders; 12.5% presented additional neurological findings. Cerebrospinal fluid was normal in 50% of infected individuals but abnormal in all vaccinated cases. Brain magnetic resonance imaging detected normal basal ganglia in 51.7% of infection cases and 87.5% following vaccination. CONCLUSION: In SARS-CoV-2 infection, chorea may present several pathogenic mechanisms: autoimmune response to infection, direct infection-related injury, or an infection-related complication (i.e., acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, hyperglycemia); also, previous Sydenham chorea may relapse. After COVID-19 vaccination, chorea could be due to an autoimmune reaction or other mechanisms (vaccine-induced hyperglycemia, stroke). CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Rosca, Elena Cecilia AU - Rosca EC AD - Department of Neurology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania; Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. Electronic address: roscacecilia@yahoo.com. FAU - Bilavu, Raluca AU - Bilavu R AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Cornea, Amalia AU - Cornea A AD - Department of Neurology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania; Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Simu, Mihaela AU - Simu M AD - Department of Neurology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania; Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20230707 PL - Canada TA - Int J Infect Dis JT - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases JID - 9610933 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Chorea/etiology MH - *COVID-19/complications/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Hyperglycemia MH - *Movement Disorders MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Chorea OT - Movement disorders OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Systematic review COIS- Declarations of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/07/10 00:41 MHDA- 2023/08/09 06:43 CRDT- 2023/07/09 19:26 PHST- 2023/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/09 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/10 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/09 19:26 [entrez] AID - S1201-9712(23)00652-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.07.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Sep;134:256-260. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.07.001. Epub 2023 Jul 7. PMID- 37403902 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230706 LR - 20230927 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 95 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Jul TI - Clinical characteristics of unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated children with neurological manifestations due to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection. PG - e28895 LID - 10.1002/jmv.28895 [doi] AB - Omicron generally causes milder disease than previous strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), especially in fully vaccinated individuals. However, incompletely vaccinated children may develop Omicron-related complications such as those affecting the central nervous system. To characterize the spectrum of clinical manifestations of neuro-COVID and to identify potential biomarkers associated with clinical outcomes, we recruited 15 children hospitalized for Omicron-related neurological manifestations in three hospitals in Hong Kong (9 boys and 6 girls aged 1-13 years). All were unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated. Fourteen (93.3%) were admitted for convulsion, including benign febrile seizure (n = 7), complex febrile seizure (n = 2), seizure with fever (n = 3), and recurrent breakthrough seizure (n = 2), and the remaining nonconvulsive patient developed encephalopathic state with impaired consciousness. None of the seven children with benign febrile seizure and six of eight children with other neurological manifestations had residual deficits at 9-month follow-up. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was undetectable in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of seven patients who underwent lumbar puncture. Spike-and-wave/sharp waves affecting the frontal lobes were detected in four of seven (57.1%) patients who underwent electroencephalogram. Children with Omicron-related neurological manifestations had significantly higher blood levels of IL-6 (p < 0.001) and CHI3L1 (p = 0.022) than healthy controls, and higher CSF levels of IL-6 (p = 0.002) than children with non-COVID-19-related febrile illnesses. Higher CSF-to-blood ratios of IL-8 and CHI3L1 were associated with longer length of stay, whereas higher ratios of IL-6 and IL-8 were associated with higher blood tau level. The role of CSF:blood ratio of IL-6, IL-8, and CHI3L1 as prognostic markers for neuro-COVID should be further evaluated. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Tso, Winnie Wan-Yee AU - Tso WW AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Kwan, Mike Yat-Wah AU - Kwan MY AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Kwok, Janette Siu-Yin AU - Kwok JS AD - Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Tsang, Jessica Oi-Ling AU - Tsang JO AD - State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. AD - Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan AU - Yip CC AD - State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Leung, Lok-Kan AU - Leung LK AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Li, Cuixin AU - Li C AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Wang, Yuliang AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Chow, Mathew Siu-Chun AU - Chow MS AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Tsang, Anita Man-Ching AU - Tsang AM AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Chim, Stella AU - Chim S AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Chow, Chin-Ying AU - Chow CY AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Ho, Alvin Chi-Chung AU - Ho AC AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Chan, Sophelia Hoi-Shan AU - Chan SH AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Tai, Shuk-Mui AU - Tai SM AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Lee, Wing-Cheong AU - Lee WC AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Chan, Victor Chi-Man AU - Chan VC AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Yau, Eric Kin-Cheong AU - Yau EK AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Sun, Jacquelyne Ka-Li AU - Sun JK AD - School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Chow, Hei-Man AU - Chow HM AD - School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. AD - Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Lau, Yu-Lung AU - Lau YL AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Ip, Patrick AU - Ip P AD - Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. FAU - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo AU - Chan JF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6336-6657 AD - State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. AD - Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 0 (Interleukin-8) RN - 0 (RNA, Viral) SB - IM CIN - J Med Virol. 2023 Aug;95(8):e29008. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29008. PMID: 37515477 CIN - J Med Virol. 2023 Sep;95(9):e29095. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29095. PMID: 37698141 MH - Male MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Seizures, Febrile/etiology MH - Interleukin-6 MH - Interleukin-8 MH - RNA, Viral MH - Seizures/etiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - children OT - neurological OT - seizure EDAT- 2023/07/05 13:05 MHDA- 2023/07/06 06:42 CRDT- 2023/07/05 07:44 PHST- 2023/06/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/04/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/06 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/05 13:05 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/05 07:44 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jmv.28895 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2023 Jul;95(7):e28895. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28895. PMID- 37390338 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240801 LR - 20260522 IS - 1745-6924 (Electronic) IS - 1745-6916 (Print) IS - 1745-6916 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Hits and Misses: Digital Contact Tracing in a Pandemic. PG - 675-685 LID - 10.1177/17456916231179365 [doi] AB - Traditional contact tracing is one of the most powerful weapons people have in the battle against a pandemic, especially when vaccines do not yet exist or do not afford complete protection from infection. But the effectiveness of contact tracing hinges on its ability to find infected people quickly and obtain accurate information from them. Therefore, contact tracing inherits the challenges associated with the fallibilities of memory. Against this backdrop, digital contact tracing is the "dream scenario"-an unobtrusive, vigilant, and accurate recorder of danger that should outperform manual contact tracing on every dimension. There is reason to celebrate the success of digital contact tracing. Indeed, epidemiologists report that digital contact tracing probably reduced the incidence of COVID-19 cases by at least 25% in many countries, a feat that would have been hard to match with its manual counterpart. Yet there is also reason to speculate that digital contact tracing delivered on only a fraction of its potential because it almost completely ignored the relevant psychological science. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of digital contact tracing, its hits and misses in the COVID-19 pandemic, and its need to be integrated with the science of human behavior. FAU - Garry, Maryanne AU - Garry M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6267-8472 AD - School of Psychology, The University of Waikato. FAU - Zajac, Rachel AU - Zajac R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3040-4906 AD - Department of Psychology, University of Otago. FAU - Hope, Lorraine AU - Hope L AD - Department of Psychology, The University of Portsmouth. FAU - Salathe, Marcel AU - Salathe M AD - Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne. FAU - Levine, Linda AU - Levine L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9013-3787 AD - School of Social Ecology, University California, Irvine. FAU - Merritt, Thomas A AU - Merritt TA AD - Daily Tech News Show, Los Angeles, California. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230630 PL - United States TA - Perspect Psychol Sci JT - Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science JID - 101274347 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Contact Tracing/methods MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC10315505 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - application OT - cognition OT - contact tracing OT - digital contact tracing OT - epidemiology OT - health OT - memory OT - policy COIS- The author(s) declared that there were no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship or the publication of this article. EDAT- 2023/06/30 19:14 MHDA- 2024/08/01 12:42 PMCR- 2024/08/04 CRDT- 2023/06/30 15:02 PHST- 2024/08/01 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/30 19:14 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/30 15:02 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_17456916231179365 [pii] AID - 10.1177/17456916231179365 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Perspect Psychol Sci. 2024 Jul;19(4):675-685. doi: 10.1177/17456916231179365. Epub 2023 Jun 30. PMID- 37390017 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230703 LR - 20240611 IS - 1087-0415 (Electronic) IS - 1081-0730 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - sup1 DP - 2023 Apr 7 TI - Knowledge Gaps, Cognition and Media Learning: Designing Tailored Messages to Address COVID-19 Communication Inequalities. PG - 97-106 LID - 10.1080/10810730.2023.2208049 [doi] AB - Various health and crisis studies have demonstrated support for the existence of knowledge gaps-a hypothesis suggesting that information will reach those in the lower socioeconomic status last, worsening health disparities. At the point at which COVID-19 vaccines were becoming widely accessible, the present study surveyed 651 Black Americans to understand vaccine hesitancy, intentions, and media learning variations after exposure to different types of social media posts about the COVID-19 vaccine. Although exposure to any of the message conditions in our study resulted in a decrease in vaccine hesitancy, we found mixed support for the knowledge gap hypothesis. Results show that lack of knowledge because of socioeconomic status is not a key factor driving vaccine hesitancy among Black Americans. Instead, public communication (government) campaigns may consider focusing on strategies to target Black American communities by age to improve media learning, and consider increasing social control and communal message functions to increase cognitive processing of pro-vaccine messages, and over the longer term, influence COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake. FAU - McFARLANE, Soroya Julian AU - McFARLANE SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2826-0926 AD - Department of Communication Studies, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA. FAU - Yook, Bora AU - Yook B AD - College of Arts & Sciences, Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA. FAU - Wicke, Rebekah AU - Wicke R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4047-4748 AD - College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Health Commun JT - Journal of health communication JID - 9604100 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) MH - Humans MH - Black or African American MH - Cognition MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Social Media MH - Vaccination Hesitancy MH - *Health Communication EDAT- 2023/06/30 19:14 MHDA- 2023/07/03 06:42 CRDT- 2023/06/30 12:53 PHST- 2023/07/03 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/30 19:14 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/30 12:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/10810730.2023.2208049 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Health Commun. 2023 Apr 7;28(sup1):97-106. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2208049. PMID- 37389328 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260921 IS - 1703-4949 (Print) IS - 1703-4949 (Electronic) IS - 1703-4949 (Linking) VI - 28 DP - 2023 Nov TI - Dying together: A convergence analysis of fatalities during COVID-19. PG - e00315 LID - 10.1016/j.jeca.2023.e00315 [doi] AB - Governments implemented countermeasures to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 virus. This had a severe effect on the economy. We examine convergence patterns in the evolution of COVID-19 deaths across countries. We aim to investigate whether countries that implemented different measures managed to limit the number of COVID-19 deaths. We extend the most recent macro-growth convergence methodology to examine convergence of COVID-19 deaths. We combine a long memory stationarity framework with the maximal clique algorithm. This provides a rich and flexible club formation strategy that goes beyond the stationary/non stationary approach adopted in the previous literature. Our results suggest that strict measures (even belated) or an aggressive vaccination scheme can confine the spread of the disease while maintaining the strictness of the measures steady can lead to a burst of the virus. Finally, we observe that fiscal measures did not have an effect on the containment of the virus. CI - (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Panagiotidis, Theodore AU - Panagiotidis T AD - Department of Economics, University of Macedonia, Greece. FAU - Papapanagiotou, Georgios AU - Papapanagiotou G AD - Department of Economics, University of Macedonia, Greece. FAU - Stengos, Thanasis AU - Stengos T AD - Department of Economics and Finance, University of Guelph, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230529 PL - Canada TA - J Econ Asymmetries JT - Journal of economic asymmetries JID - 101595487 PMC - PMC10290892 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Convergence OT - Convergence clubs OT - Long memory OT - Maximal clique algorithm OT - Pair-wise approach COIS- No conflict to report. EDAT- 2023/06/30 13:11 MHDA- 2023/06/30 13:12 PMCR- 2023/05/29 CRDT- 2023/06/30 10:16 PHST- 2023/01/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/05/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/30 13:12 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/30 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/30 10:16 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1703-4949(23)00027-0 [pii] AID - e00315 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jeca.2023.e00315 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Econ Asymmetries. 2023 Nov;28:e00315. doi: 10.1016/j.jeca.2023.e00315. Epub 2023 May 29. PMID- 37388279 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230704 IS - 2572-9365 (Electronic) IS - 2572-9365 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 2 DP - 2023 TI - Long COVID: Complications, Underlying Mechanisms, and Treatment Strategies. PG - 36-61 AB - Long Covid is one of the most prevalent and puzzling conditions that arose with the Covid pandemic. Covid-19 infection generally resolves within several weeks but some experience new or lingering symptoms. Though there is no formal definition for such lingering symptoms the CDC boadly describes long Covid as persons having a wide range of new, recurring or sustained health issues four or more weeks after first being infected with SARS-CoV2. The WHO defines long Covid as the manifestation of symptoms from a "probable or confirmed" Covid-19 infection that start approximately 3 months after the onset of the acute infection and last for more than 2 months. Numerous studies have looked at the implications of long Covid on various organs. Many specific mechanisms have been proposed for such changes. In this article, we provide an overview of some of the main mechanisms by which long Covid induces end-organ damage proposed in recent research studies. We also review various treatment options, current clinical trials, and other potential therapeutic avenues to control long Covid followed by the information about the effect of vaccination on long Covid. Lastly, we discuss some of the questions and knowledge gaps in the present understanding of long Covid. We believe more studies of the effects long Covid has on quality of life, future health and life expectancy are required to better understand and eventually prevent or treat the disease. We acknowledge the effects of long Covid are not limited to those in this article but as it may affect the health of future offspring and therefore, we deem it important to identify more prognostic and therapeutic targets to control this condition. FAU - Zadeh, Farigol Hakem AU - Zadeh FH AD - Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA. FAU - Wilson, Daniel R AU - Wilson DR AD - Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA. FAU - Agrawal, Devendra K AU - Agrawal DK AD - Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 HL144125/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL147662/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230509 PL - United States TA - Arch Microbiol Immunol JT - Archives of microbiology & immunology JID - 9918451287306676 PMC - PMC10310313 MID - NIHMS1901771 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anxiety OT - Brain fog OT - Chronic fatigue syndrome OT - Cognitive dysfunction OT - Covid-19 OT - Depression OT - Long Covid OT - Post Covid-19 syndrome OT - Post SARS-CoV2 OT - Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome OT - Pulmonary fibrosis COIS- Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/06/30 13:11 MHDA- 2023/06/30 13:12 PMCR- 2023/06/29 CRDT- 2023/06/30 10:00 PHST- 2023/06/30 13:12 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/30 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/30 10:00 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Microbiol Immunol. 2023;7(2):36-61. Epub 2023 May 9. PMID- 37384407 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230809 LR - 20260127 IS - 2379-3708 (Electronic) IS - 2379-3708 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 15 DP - 2023 Aug 8 TI - Longitudinal analysis of memory Tfh cells and antibody response following CoronaVac vaccination. LID - 10.1172/jci.insight.168437 [doi] LID - e168437 AB - The inactivated vaccine CoronaVac is one of the most widely used COVID-19 vaccines globally. However, the longitudinal evolution of the immune response induced by CoronaVac remains elusive compared with other vaccine platforms. Here, we recruited 88 healthy individuals who received 3 doses of CoronaVac vaccine. We longitudinally evaluated their polyclonal and antigen-specific CD4+ T cells and neutralizing antibody response after receiving each dose of vaccine for over 300 days. Both the second and third doses of vaccine induced robust spike-specific neutralizing antibodies, with a third vaccine further increasing the overall magnitude of antibody response and neutralization against Omicron sublineages B.1.1.529, BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, and BA.2.75.2. Spike-specific CD4+ T cells and circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells were markedly increased by the second and third dose of CoronaVac vaccine, accompanied by altered composition of functional cTfh cell subsets with distinct effector and memory potential. Additionally, cTfh cells were positively correlated with neutralizing antibody titers. Our results suggest that CoronaVac vaccine-induced spike-specific T cells are capable of supporting humoral immunity for long-term immune protection. FAU - Zhou, Pengcheng AU - Zhou P AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. AD - The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Cao, Cheng AU - Cao C AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. AD - Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Ji, Tuo AU - Ji T AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. AD - Department of Central Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China. FAU - Zheng, Ting AU - Zheng T AD - Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Dai, Yaping AU - Dai Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, China. FAU - Liu, Min AU - Liu M AD - School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Jiang, Junfeng AU - Jiang J AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. AD - Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Sun, Daoqi AU - Sun D AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Bai, Zhonghu AU - Bai Z AD - School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Lu, Xiaojie AU - Lu X AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. FAU - Gong, Fang AU - Gong F AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230808 PL - United States TA - JCI Insight JT - JCI insight JID - 101676073 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (sinovac COVID-19 vaccine) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Antibody Formation MH - T Follicular Helper Cells MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Vaccines, Inactivated PMC - PMC10445683 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive immunity OT - COVID-19 OT - Infectious disease OT - T cells EDAT- 2023/06/29 19:12 MHDA- 2023/08/09 06:43 PMCR- 2023/08/08 CRDT- 2023/06/29 12:08 PHST- 2023/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/09 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/29 19:12 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/29 12:08 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 168437 [pii] AID - 10.1172/jci.insight.168437 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JCI Insight. 2023 Aug 8;8(15):e168437. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.168437. PMID- 37383125 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230703 IS - 2307-8960 (Print) IS - 2307-8960 (Electronic) IS - 2307-8960 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 16 DP - 2023 Jun 6 TI - Symmetric DWI hyperintensities in CMT1X patients after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination should not be classified as stroke-like lesions. PG - 3929-3931 LID - 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i16.3929 [doi] AB - The interesting case report by Zhang et al on a 39 years-old male with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1X has several limitations. The causal relation between the two episodes of asyndesis, dysphagia, and dyspnea 37 d after the second dose of the inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine (Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) remains unproven. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination cannot trigger a genetic disorder. It also remains unsupported that the patient had a stroke-like episode (SLE). SLEs occur in mitochondrial disorders but not in hereditary neuropathies. Because of the episodic nature of the neurological symptoms, it is critical to rule out seizures. Overall, the causal relation between vaccination and the neurological complications remains unsupported and the interpretation of symmetric diffusion-weighted imaging lesions on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging should be carefully revised. CI - (c)The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Finsterer, Josef AU - Finsterer J AD - Department of Neurology, Neurology & Neurophysiology Center, Vienna 1180, Austria. fifigs1@yahoo.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - World J Clin Cases JT - World journal of clinical cases JID - 101618806 PMC - PMC10294162 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Side effect OT - Stroke-like episode OT - Stroke-like lesion OT - Vaccination COIS- Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to report. EDAT- 2023/06/29 13:42 MHDA- 2023/06/29 13:43 PMCR- 2023/06/06 CRDT- 2023/06/29 11:45 PHST- 2023/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/29 13:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/29 13:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/29 11:45 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i16.3929 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - World J Clin Cases. 2023 Jun 6;11(16):3929-3931. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i16.3929. PMID- 37380640 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230702 IS - 2058-7716 (Print) IS - 2058-7716 (Electronic) IS - 2058-7716 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jun 29 TI - Long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human brain and memory. PG - 196 LID - 10.1038/s41420-023-01512-z [doi] LID - 196 AB - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have caused several waves of outbreaks. From the ancestral strain to Omicron variant, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved with the high transmissibility and increased immune escape against vaccines. Because of the multiple basic amino acids in the S1-S2 junction of spike protein, the widespread distribution of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in human body and the high transmissibility, SARS-CoV-2 can infect multiple organs and has led to over 0.7 billion infectious cases. Studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause more than 10% patients with the Long-COVID syndrome, including pathological changes in brains. This review mainly provides the molecular foundations for understanding the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 invading human brain and the molecular basis of SARS-CoV-2 infection interfering with human brain and memory, which are associated with the immune dysfunction, syncytia-induced cell death, the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, microclots and biopsychosocial aspects. We also discuss the strategies for reducing the Long-COVID syndrome. Further studies and analysis of shared researches will allow for further clarity regarding the long-term health consequences. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Ding, Qiulu AU - Ding Q AD - School of Finance and Business, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China. AD - School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhao, HanJun AU - Zhao H AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-9014-6972 AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. hjzhao13@hku.hk. AD - Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Science Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. hjzhao13@hku.hk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230629 PL - United States TA - Cell Death Discov JT - Cell death discovery JID - 101665035 PMC - PMC10307823 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/06/29 01:08 MHDA- 2023/06/29 01:09 PMCR- 2023/06/29 CRDT- 2023/06/28 23:16 PHST- 2023/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/29 01:09 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/29 01:08 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/28 23:16 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41420-023-01512-z [pii] AID - 1512 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41420-023-01512-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cell Death Discov. 2023 Jun 29;9(1):196. doi: 10.1038/s41420-023-01512-z. PMID- 37375486 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230701 IS - 2076-0817 (Print) IS - 2076-0817 (Electronic) IS - 2076-0817 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Jun 2 TI - Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in Neurology Patients: A Single Center Experience. LID - 10.3390/pathogens12060796 [doi] LID - 796 AB - Our aim was to determine the frequency and characteristics of neurological post-COVID-19 syndrome and the diagnostic and therapeutic measures that were used for the treatment of these patients. Data were collected for 243 patients examined during the period of 11 May 2021 to 22 June 2022. The inclusion criteria were COVID-19 illness and neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19. The exclusion criteria were non-neurological symptoms, patients who did not suffer from COVID-19, and symptoms that occurred after vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Data for 227 patients with neurological post-COVID-19 symptoms were analyzed. Most patients presented with multiple symptoms, most often headache, cognitive impairment, loss of smell, paresthesia, fatigue, dizziness, and insomnia. Patients were most often referred for consultative examinations, neuroradiological imaging, and EEG. The therapy was mostly symptomatic. Most patients had no change in their symptoms on follow-up visits (53.21%), while positive outcome was found in 44.95% of patients. This study found that neurological post-COVID-19 syndrome appears to be more common in women, and generally, the most common symptoms are headache and cognitive impairment. The gender distribution of symptoms was clearly visible and should be further investigated. There is a need for longitudinal follow-up studies to better understand the disease dynamic. FAU - Hegna, Elena AU - Hegna E AD - Department of Neurology, General Hospital Pula, 52100 Pula, Croatia. FAU - Racki, Valentino AU - Racki V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3246-0506 AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Hero, Mario AU - Hero M AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Papic, Elisa AU - Papic E AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Rozmaric, Gloria AU - Rozmaric G AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Radovic, Klara AU - Radovic K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9662-9046 AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Komen, Vita AU - Komen V AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Bralic, Marina AU - Bralic M AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Skific, Marina Legac AU - Skific ML AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Bonifacic, David AU - Bonifacic D AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Tomic, Zoran AU - Tomic Z AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Perkovic, Olivio AU - Perkovic O AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Vuletic, Vladimira AU - Vuletic V AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230602 PL - Switzerland TA - Pathogens JT - Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101596317 PMC - PMC10302491 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cognitive dysfunction OT - headache OT - post-COVID-19 syndrome COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/06/28 06:42 MHDA- 2023/06/28 06:43 PMCR- 2023/06/02 CRDT- 2023/06/28 01:33 PHST- 2023/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/28 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/28 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/28 01:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pathogens12060796 [pii] AID - pathogens-12-00796 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pathogens12060796 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pathogens. 2023 Jun 2;12(6):796. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12060796. PMID- 37368240 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230629 LR - 20230701 IS - 1540-9538 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1007 (Print) IS - 0022-1007 (Linking) VI - 220 IP - 9 DP - 2023 Sep 4 TI - Memory B cell development elicited by mRNA booster vaccinations in the elderly. LID - 10.1084/jem.20230668 [doi] LID - e20230668 AB - Despite mRNA vaccination, elderly individuals remain especially vulnerable to severe consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we compare the memory B cell responses in a cohort of elderly and younger individuals who received mRNA booster vaccinations. Plasma neutralizing potency and breadth were similar between the two groups. By contrast, the absolute number of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells was lower in the elderly. Antibody sequencing revealed that the SARS-CoV-2-specific elderly memory compartments were more clonal and less diverse. Notably, memory antibodies from the elderly preferentially targeted the ACE2-binding site on the RBD, while those from younger individuals targeted less accessible but more conserved epitopes. Nevertheless, individual memory antibodies elicited by booster vaccines in the elderly and younger individuals showed similar levels of neutralizing activity and breadth against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Thus, the relatively diminished protective effects of vaccination against serious disease in the elderly are associated with a smaller number of antigen-specific memory B cells that express altered antibody repertoires. CI - (c) 2023 Wang et al. FAU - Wang, Zijun AU - Wang Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2095-2151 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Muecksch, Frauke AU - Muecksch F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0132-5101 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Raspe, Raphael AU - Raspe R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3409-4968 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Johannsen, Frederik AU - Johannsen F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1273-8785 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Turroja, Martina AU - Turroja M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9640-0559 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Canis, Marie AU - Canis M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9243-867X AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - ElTanbouly, Mohamed A AU - ElTanbouly MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7985-3839 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Santos, Gabriela S Silva AU - Santos GSS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7482-7380 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Johnson, Brianna AU - Johnson B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3214-284X AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Baharani, Viren A AU - Baharani VA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2011-9547 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Patejak, Rachel AU - Patejak R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2739-9228 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Yao, Kai-Hui AU - Yao KH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7912-5516 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Chirco, Bennett J AU - Chirco BJ AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2068-574X AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Millard, Katrina G AU - Millard KG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2247-3178 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Shimeliovich, Irina AU - Shimeliovich I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7030-294X AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Gazumyan, Anna AU - Gazumyan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5976-9717 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Oliveira, Thiago Y AU - Oliveira TY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2654-0879 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2368-3719 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute , Maryland, MD, USA. FAU - Hatziioannou, Theodora AU - Hatziioannou T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7889-0766 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Caskey, Marina AU - Caskey M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1727-8693 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. FAU - Nussenzweig, Michel C AU - Nussenzweig MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0592-8564 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute , Maryland, MD, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 AI078788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI165075/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R37 AI064003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI111825/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United States GR - UL1 TR001866/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230627 PL - United States TA - J Exp Med JT - The Journal of experimental medicine JID - 2985109R RN - 0 (Antibodies) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Humans MH - *Memory B Cells MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC10300432 COIS- Disclosures: M.C. Nussenzweig reported personal fees from Aerium Therapeutics, Celldex Therapeutics, Frontier Bio, Walking Fish, and Apriori Bio outside the submitted work. Gilead obtained a license to anti-HIV-1 antibodies produced in the Nussenzweig laboratory from The Rockefeller University. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2023/06/27 13:10 MHDA- 2023/06/29 06:43 PMCR- 2023/06/27 CRDT- 2023/06/27 11:16 PHST- 2023/04/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/29 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/27 13:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/27 11:16 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 214193 [pii] AID - jem.20230668 [pii] AID - 10.1084/jem.20230668 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exp Med. 2023 Sep 4;220(9):e20230668. doi: 10.1084/jem.20230668. Epub 2023 Jun 27. PMID- 37364067 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230628 LR - 20230628 IS - 0043-5147 (Print) IS - 0043-5147 (Linking) VI - 76 IP - 5 pt 2 DP - 2023 TI - DETERMINATION OF SOMATIC, NEUROLOGICAL AND PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL MANIFESTATIONS OF THE ACUTE AND POSTCOVID PERIOD IN PATIENTS WITH A MILD COURSE OF COVID-19 IN WARTIME. PG - 1160-1166 LID - 10.36740/WLek202305204 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim: To analyze the typical symptom complex at the stage of COVID-19 acute phase in the systemic relationship with somatic, psychosomatic, and neurological manifestations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The collection of primary material was performed by clinical-anamnestic method, laboratory, and sociological examination of patients treated out patiently. Summarizing of the results was performed according to the analysis of 100 completed cases of COVID-19 in patients aged 35-45 years (50 men and 50 women) who had no concomitant chronic pathology, and patients did not receive any vaccine dose before the disease (acute COVID-19) and during the next follow-up period (6 months). RESULTS: Results: The data of the analysis allowed us to make a grounded conclusion about the syndromic heterogeneity of COVID 19 in a standardized patients group with a mild course. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: the highest number of symptoms in the postcovid period by frequency, polymorphism, and life quality impact was found in the group of patients with subjectively tolerate acute COVID-19 most easily. Patients whose acute episode meets the mild criteria have pronounced neurological and psychoemotional manifestations during the postcovid period. FAU - Fedak, Bogdan S AU - Fedak BS AD - EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY <>, KHARKIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Ponomaryov, Volodymyr I AU - Ponomaryov VI AD - EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY <>, KHARKIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Ponomaryova, Valeria V AU - Ponomaryova VV AD - EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY <>, KHARKIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Kravchenko, Iryna M AU - Kravchenko IM AD - EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY <>, KHARKIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Morozova, Olga G AU - Morozova OG AD - EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY <>, KHARKIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Yaroshevskiy, Oleksandr A AU - Yaroshevskiy OA AD - EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY <>, KHARKIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Mishchenko, Oleksandr M AU - Mishchenko OM AD - EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY <>, KHARKIV, UKRAINE. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Poland TA - Wiad Lek JT - Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960) JID - 9705467 SB - IM MH - Male MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Emotions MH - Polymorphism, Genetic OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognitive deficits OT - COVID-19 OT - POST-COVID syndrome OT - anxiety OT - depression OT - somatic manifestations EDAT- 2023/06/26 19:07 MHDA- 2023/06/28 06:42 CRDT- 2023/06/26 15:13 PHST- 2023/06/28 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/26 19:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/26 15:13 [entrez] AID - 10.36740/WLek202305204 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Wiad Lek. 2023;76(5 pt 2):1160-1166. doi: 10.36740/WLek202305204. PMID- 37359965 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20230928 IS - 0033-5177 (Print) IS - 1573-7845 (Electronic) IS - 0033-5177 (Linking) DP - 2023 May 25 TI - Inertia in cognitive processes: the case of the COVID-19 vaccine. PG - 1-15 LID - 10.1007/s11135-023-01684-x [doi] AB - Developments in factor analysis (Spearman in Am J Psychol 15:201-292, 1904); Thurstone in Multiple factor analysis, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1947), multidimensional scaling (Torgerson in Theory and methods of scaling, Wiley Hoboken, New Jersey, 1958; Young and Householder in Psychometrika, 3:19-22, 1938), the Galileo model (Woelfel and Fink in The measurement of communication processes: galileo theory and method, Academic Press Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1980), and, more recently, in computer science, artificial intelligence, computational linguistics, network analysis and other disciplines (Woelfel in Qual Quant 54:263-278, 2020) have shown that human cognitive and cultural beliefs and attitudes can be modeled as movement through a high-dimensional non-Euclidean space. This article demonstrates the theoretical and methodological contribution that multidimensional scaling makes to understand attitude change associated with the COVID-19 vaccine. CI - (c) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. FAU - Woelfel, Joseph AU - Woelfel J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7089-4260 AD - Department of Communication, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY USA. GRID: grid.273335.3. ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 9887 FAU - Fink, Edward L AU - Fink EL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6387-5574 AD - Department of Communication and Social Influence, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA. GRID: grid.264727.2. ISNI: 0000 0001 2248 3398 FAU - Cai, Deborah A AU - Cai DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7759-2628 AD - Department of Communication and Social Influence, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA. GRID: grid.264727.2. ISNI: 0000 0001 2248 3398 FAU - Anderson, Kenton AU - Anderson K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5994-5733 AD - Department of Communication, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY USA. GRID: grid.273335.3. ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 9887 FAU - Iacobucci, Asa AU - Iacobucci A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1911-131X AD - Department of Sociology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA. GRID: grid.266190.a. ISNI: 0000000096214564 FAU - Wang, Hua AU - Wang H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8428-8360 AD - Department of Communication, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY USA. GRID: grid.273335.3. ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 9887 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230525 PL - Switzerland TA - Qual Quant JT - Quality & quantity JID - 1245762 PMC - PMC10211288 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attitudes OT - Behaviors OT - Cognitive processes OT - Cultural processes OT - Inertia OT - Multidimensional scaling COIS- Conflict of interestThe authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. EDAT- 2023/06/26 19:07 MHDA- 2023/06/26 19:07 PMCR- 2023/05/25 CRDT- 2023/06/26 12:30 PHST- 2023/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/26 19:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/26 19:07 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/26 12:30 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1684 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11135-023-01684-x [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Qual Quant. 2023 May 25:1-15. doi: 10.1007/s11135-023-01684-x. PMID- 37357073 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230731 LR - 20260127 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Print) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 33 DP - 2023 Jul 25 TI - Characterization of immune responses to two and three doses of the adenoviral vectored vaccine ChAdOx1 nCov-19 and the whole virion inactivated vaccine BBV152 in a mix-and-match study in India. PG - 4808-4822 LID - S0264-410X(23)00744-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.06.059 [doi] AB - Infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants and declining immunity after primary vaccination, encouraged the use of booster doses. Some countries changed their immunization programmes to boost with vaccines different from the ones in their original schedule, based on results from immunogenicity and effectiveness studies. This study reports immunological analysis of samples collected in a phase 4 randomized trial, where participants who had previously received two primary doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (ChAd) or inactivated BBV152 vaccine were randomized to receive either ChAd or BBV152 booster and further categorized as: Group 1 (two primary doses of ChAd - ChAd booster), Group 2 (two primary doses of ChAd - BBV152 booster), Group 3 (two primary doses of BBV152 - ChAd booster), and Group 4 (two primary doses of BBV152 - BBV152 booster). SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular and humoral responses at day 0 (pre-boost samples 12-36 weeks after the second primary dose), and at day 28 post booster, were measured in a subset of participants (ChAd recipients, n = 37 and BBV152 recipients, n = 36). Additionally, on day180 post-booster humoral responses were assessed for the entire cohort (N = 378). Primary vaccination with 2 doses of BBV152 generated higher memory-B cells (median% 0.41 vs 0.35) and cytokine producing CD8-Tcells (median% 0.09 vs 0.04) while lower anti-spike IgG levels (medianAU/ml: 12,433 vs 27,074) as compared to ChAd. Irrespective of the primary vaccine received, ChAd boosted individuals generated higher memory-B cell frequencies and anti-spike IgG levels as compared to BBV152 booster. The percentage ACE-2 inhibition against Omicron and its sub-variants was higher in Group 3 (median > 60 %) as compared to other groups (median < 25 %). At day180 post booster the hierarchy of the antibody amounts was Group 1 approximately Group 2 approximately Group 3 > Group 4. Sustained humoral and robust cellular immune response to SARS-CoV-2 can be obtained with ChAd booster irrespective of the primary vaccination regimen. The trial is registered with ISRTCN (CTRI/2021/08/035648). CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Chaudhary, Anita AU - Chaudhary A AD - The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Madhavan, Ramya AU - Madhavan R AD - The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Babji, Sudhir AU - Babji S AD - The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Raju, Reshma AU - Raju R AD - Department of Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Syed, Chanduni AU - Syed C AD - The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Kumar, Ajith AU - Kumar A AD - The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Saravanan, Poornima AU - Saravanan P AD - The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Sharon Nikitha, Origanti AU - Sharon Nikitha O AD - Department of Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Leander Xavier, Julian Vivek AU - Leander Xavier JV AD - Department of Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - David Chelladurai, Jenita Sharon AU - David Chelladurai JS AD - Department of Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Deborah, Arpitha Anbu AU - Deborah AA AD - Department of Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - George, Anna AU - George A AD - The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Kang, Gagandeep AU - Kang G AD - The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. FAU - Rose, Winsley AU - Rose W AD - Department of Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. Electronic address: winsleyrose@cmcvellore.ac.in. LA - eng SI - CTRI/CTRI/2021/08/035648 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230623 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 76JZE5DSN6 (BBV152 COVID-19 vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Viral Vaccines MH - Adenoviridae/genetics MH - India MH - Vaccines, Inactivated MH - Immunity MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - COVID-19 Vaccines PMC - PMC10289125 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibodies OT - Cellular memory OT - Neutralization of variant OT - Response decay OT - SARS-Cov-2 OT - Vaccines COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Winsley Rose reports financial support was provided by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Winsley Rose reports financial support was provided by Azim Premji Foundation. EDAT- 2023/06/26 00:41 MHDA- 2023/07/31 06:42 PMCR- 2023/07/25 CRDT- 2023/06/25 21:55 PHST- 2023/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/31 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/26 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/25 21:55 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0264-410X(23)00744-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.06.059 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2023 Jul 25;41(33):4808-4822. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.06.059. Epub 2023 Jun 23. PMID- 37354471 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230626 LR - 20230626 IS - 0004-5772 (Print) IS - 0004-5772 (Linking) VI - 71 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb TI - Post-COVID Syndrome: The Stranger Ghost of Culprit COVID-19. PG - 11-12 LID - 10.5005/japi-11001-0193 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Post-COVID syndromes are the most abundant sequel of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) infection, which affects millions of people around the whole world. There is a significant difference observed during the acute phase as well as during the post-COVID period between patients hospitalized with (alpha, delta, or omicron) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant. In the present scenario, when most people are vaccinated, COVID-19 disease is less likely, but the remnants of previous COVID-19 infections are still a vast health burden. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, observational, comparative, and analytical study included a total of 3,840 COVID-19-infected patients who visited the hospital. We included 1,150 patients of alpha variants, 1,845 patients of delta variants, and 815 patients of omicron variants, from June 2020 to November 2020, March 2021 to July 2021, and January 2022 to May 2022, respectively. All medical data of the study population, including hospital stay and vaccination status, were collected, and all patients were followed up for 6 months of duration. All collected data were compiled and analyzed to compare the post-COVID thrombotic and other events among different variants of COVID-19. RESULTS: Patients infected during the delta variant are the most symptomatic at onset (higher prevalence of fever, dyspnea, cough, myalgia, headache, or gastrointestinal problems) than those infected with the alpha or omicron variant (p < 0.01). A total of 2,830 patients (7.48%) [1,520 (82.38%) of delta variant, 598 (73.37%) of omicron variant, and 712 (60.34%) of omicron variant] developed post-COVID syndrome during their follow-up period out of 3,220 enrolled patients and the difference was statistically significant when compared among variants (p < 0.05). In this study, the highly prevalent post-COVID syndrome was mucormycosis (11.41%), followed by new-onset diabetes (9.89%), pulmonary fiosis (7.67%), ischemic heart disease (6.46%), ain stroke (3.29%), and other thromboembolic disorders (2.37%). CONCLUSION: COVID-19-associated onset symptoms during the delta variant were more severe and highly prevalent, while neurological symptoms (aguesia and anosmia) were more common during the alpha variant. Patients infected with the delta variant of COVID-19 are more prone to develop post-COVID-associated complications with minimal risk in the omicron variant and intermediate risk in the alpha variant. Long COVID-19 requires specific attention for management, irrespective of the SARS-CoV-2 variant. CI - (c) Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2011. FAU - Bhandari, Sudhir AU - Bhandari S AD - Professor Emeritus, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and attached Hospitals; Vice Chancellor, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences;Corresponding Author. FAU - Rankawat, Govind AU - Rankawat G AD - Junior Specialist, Department of Medical & Health, Government of India, Jaipur, Rajasthan. FAU - Joshi, Shashank AU - Joshi S AD - Endocrinologist, Lilavati Hospital & Research Centre. FAU - Tiwaskar, Mangesh AU - Tiwaskar M AD - Consultant Physician & Diabetologist, Shilpa Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra. FAU - Lohmror, Anurag AU - Lohmror A AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and attached Hospitals, Jaipur, Rajasthan. FAU - Bhandari, Shiven AU - Bhandari S AD - Intern, D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - India TA - J Assoc Physicians India JT - The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India JID - 7505585 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Prospective Studies EDAT- 2023/06/24 21:05 MHDA- 2023/06/26 06:41 CRDT- 2023/06/24 13:11 PHST- 2023/06/26 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/24 21:05 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/24 13:11 [entrez] AID - 10.5005/japi-11001-0193 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Assoc Physicians India. 2023 Feb;71(2):11-12. doi: 10.5005/japi-11001-0193. PMID- 37349380 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230630 LR - 20261010 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Jul TI - Human circulating and tissue-resident memory CD8(+) T cells. PG - 1076-1086 LID - 10.1038/s41590-023-01538-6 [doi] AB - Our current knowledge of human memory CD8(+) T cells is derived largely from studies of the intravascular space. However, emerging data are starting to challenge some of the dogmas based on this work, suggesting that a conceptual revision may be necessary. In this review, we provide a brief history of the field and summarize the biology of circulating and tissue-resident memory CD8(+) T cells, which are ultimately responsible for effective immune surveillance. We also incorporate recent findings into a biologically integrated model of human memory CD8(+) T cell differentiation. Finally, we address how future innovative human studies could improve our understanding of anatomically localized CD8(+) T cells to inform the development of more effective immunotherapies and vaccines, the need for which has been emphasized by the global struggle to contain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. CI - (c) 2023. Springer Nature America, Inc. FAU - Buggert, Marcus AU - Buggert M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0633-1719 AD - Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. marcus.buggert@ki.se. FAU - Price, David A AU - Price DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9416-2737 AD - Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK. AD - Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Mackay, Laura K AU - Mackay LK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8496-6632 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Betts, Michael R AU - Betts MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7690-1484 AD - Institute for Immunology and Center for AIDS Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. LA - eng GR - R21-AI172629/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)/ GR - P01-AI31338/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)/ GR - P30-AI045008/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20230622 PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 SB - IM EIN - Nat Immunol. 2023 Sep;24(9):1591. doi: 10.1038/s41590-023-01586-y. PMID: 37460642 MH - Humans MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Memory T Cells MH - Immunologic Memory EDAT- 2023/06/23 01:10 MHDA- 2023/06/30 06:42 CRDT- 2023/06/22 23:20 PHST- 2023/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/30 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/23 01:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/22 23:20 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41590-023-01538-6 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-023-01538-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2023 Jul;24(7):1076-1086. doi: 10.1038/s41590-023-01538-6. Epub 2023 Jun 22. PMID- 37341337 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230622 LR - 20230622 IS - 1538-6899 (Electronic) IS - 1080-2371 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Jun 1 TI - Neurologic Complications of COVID-19. PG - 946-965 LID - 10.1212/CON.0000000000001272 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This article describes the spectrum of neurologic complications occurring in acute or postacute infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as well as the neurologic risks and benefits of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, reports of neurologic complications of COVID-19 began to surface. A variety of neurologic conditions have since been reported in association with COVID-19. Understanding of the underlying mechanism of COVID-19 neurologic involvement continues to evolve; however, the evidence seems to suggest that aberrant inflammatory responses may play a role. In addition to neurologic symptoms in acute COVID-19, neurologic post-COVID-19 conditions are increasingly recognized. The development of COVID-19 vaccines has been essential in preventing the spread of COVID-19. With increasing numbers of vaccine doses administered, various neurologic adverse events have been reported. ESSENTIAL POINTS: Neurologists must be aware of the potential acute, postacute, and vaccine-associated neurologic complications associated with COVID-19 and be poised to serve as integral members of multidisciplinary care teams for patients with COVID-19-related conditions. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 American Academy of Neurology. FAU - Gill, Christine AU - Gill C FAU - Cho, Tracey A AU - Cho TA LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Continuum (Minneap Minn) JT - Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) JID - 9509333 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - *Nervous System Diseases/etiology EDAT- 2023/06/21 13:04 MHDA- 2023/06/22 06:42 CRDT- 2023/06/21 07:43 PHST- 2023/06/22 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/21 13:04 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/21 07:43 [entrez] AID - 00132979-202306000-00014 [pii] AID - 10.1212/CON.0000000000001272 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2023 Jun 1;29(3):946-965. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000001272. PMID- 37336535 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230621 LR - 20230704 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Jun 19 TI - Cognitive and other neuropsychiatric symptoms in COVID-19: analysis of person-generated longitudinal health data from a community-based registry. PG - e069118 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069118 [doi] LID - e069118 AB - OBJECTIVE: To describe cognitive symptoms in people not hospitalised at study enrolment for SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated demographics, medical history, other neuropsychiatric symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. DESIGN: Longitudinal observational study. SETTING: Direct-to-participant registry with community-based recruitment via email and social media including Google, Facebook and Reddit, targeting adult US residents. Demographics, medical history, COVID-19-like symptoms, tests and vaccinations were collected through enrolment and follow-up surveys. PARTICIPANTS: Participants who reported positive COVID-19 test results between 15 December 2020 and 13 December 2021. Those with cognitive symptoms were compared with those not reporting such symptoms. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Self-reported cognitive symptoms (defined as 'feeling disoriented or having trouble thinking' from listed options or related written-in symptoms) RESULTS: Of 3908 participants with a positive COVID-19 test result, 1014 (25.9%) reported cognitive symptoms at any time point during enrolment or follow-up, with approximately half reporting moderate/severe symptoms. Cognitive symptoms were associated with other neuropsychiatric symptoms, including dysgeusia, anosmia, trouble waking up, insomnia, headache, anxiety and depression. In multivariate analyses, female sex (OR, 95% CI): 1.7 (1.3 to 2.2), age (40-49 years (OR: 1.5 (1.2-1.9) compared with 18-29 years), history of autoimmune disease (OR: 1.5 (1.2-2.1)), lung disease (OR: 1.7 (1.3-2.2)) and depression (OR: 1.4 (1.1-1.7)) were associated with cognitive symptoms. Conversely, black race (OR: 0.6 (0.5-0.9)) and COVID-19 vaccination before infection (OR: 0.6 (0.4-0.7)) were associated with reduced occurrence of cognitive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, cognitive symptoms among COVID-19-positive participants were associated with female gender, age, autoimmune disorders, lung disease and depression. Vaccination and black race were associated with lower occurrence of cognitive symptoms. A constellation of neuropsychiatric and psychological symptoms occurred with cognitive symptoms. Our findings suggest COVID-19's full health and economic burden may be underestimated. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04368065. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Largent, Joan AU - Largent J AD - Real World Solutions, IQVIA Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Xie, Yiqiong AU - Xie Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1130-1215 AD - Real World Solutions, IQVIA Inc, Durham, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Knuth, Kendall B AU - Knuth KB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1803-6311 AD - Real World Solutions, IQVIA Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Toovey, Stephen AU - Toovey S AD - Virology, Pegasus Research, Bottmingen, Switzerland. FAU - Reynolds, Matthew W AU - Reynolds MW AD - Real World Solutions, IQVIA Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Brinkley, Emma AU - Brinkley E AD - Real World Solutions, IQVIA Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Mack, Christina D AU - Mack CD AD - Real World Solutions, IQVIA Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Dreyer, Nancy A AU - Dreyer NA AD - Real World Solutions, IQVIA Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA NDreyer@dreyerstrategies.com. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04368065 PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. DEP - 20230619 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Anxiety/epidemiology MH - Cognition PMC - PMC10314461 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Delirium & cognitive disorders OT - Neurophysiology COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2023/06/20 01:09 MHDA- 2023/06/21 06:42 PMCR- 2023/06/19 CRDT- 2023/06/19 20:43 PHST- 2023/06/21 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/20 01:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/19 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2022-069118 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069118 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):e069118. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069118. PMID- 37333561 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230620 LR - 20230620 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2023 TI - COVID-19 vaccination coverage and its cognitive determinants among older adults in Shanghai, China, during the COVID-19 epidemic. PG - 1163616 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1163616 [doi] LID - 1163616 AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the coverage of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and its cognitive determinants among older adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire to conduct a survey among 725 Chinese older adults aged 60 years and above in June 2022, 2 months after the mass COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai, China. The questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, COVID-19 vaccination status, internal risk perception, knowledge, and attitude toward the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines. RESULTS: The vaccination rate was 78.3% among the surveyed individuals. Self-reported reasons for unwillingness to get vaccinated (multiple selections) were "concerns about acute exacerbation of chronic diseases after vaccination (57.3%)" and "concerns regarding vaccine side effects (41.4%)." Compared to the unvaccinated group, the vaccinated group tended to have a higher score in internal risk perception (t = 2.64, P < 0.05), better knowledge of COVID-19 vaccines (t = 5.84, P < 0.05), and a more positive attitude toward the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines (t = 7.92, P < 0.05). The path analysis showed that the cognitive effect on vaccination behavior is relatively large, followed by the internal risk perception, and then the attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines. The more knowledgeable the participants were about COVID-19 vaccines, the more likely they were to receive the COVID-19 vaccines. In the multivariate logistic regression, the increased coverage of COVID-19 vaccination was associated with reduced age (OR = 0.53 95% CI 0.43-0.66, P < 0.001), being a resident in other places than Shanghai (OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.17-0.92, P < 0.05), a shorter time of lockdown (OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.13-0.83, P < 0.05), a history of other vaccines (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.45-4.60, P < 0.01), a fewer number of chronic diseases (OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.38-0.62, P < 0.001), better knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.17-2.19, P < 0.01), and a positive attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines (OR = 9.22, 95% CI 4.69-18.09, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Acquiring accurate knowledge and developing a positive attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines are important factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Disseminating informed information on COVID-19 vaccines and ensuring efficacious communication regarding their efficacy and safety would enhance awareness about COVID-19 vaccination among older adults and consequently boost their vaccination coverage. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Wei, Zeng, Huang, Ye, Chen, Yang and Cai. FAU - Wei, Lu AU - Wei L AD - Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zeng, Wu AU - Zeng W AD - Department of Global Health, School of Health, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - Huang, Yangyang AU - Huang Y AD - Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ye, Guoxin AU - Ye G AD - Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Chen, Ying AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Yang, Ling AU - Yang L AD - Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. AD - Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Cai, Yuyang AU - Cai Y AD - School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230602 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Vaccination Coverage MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China/epidemiology MH - Communicable Disease Control MH - Cognition PMC - PMC10272832 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - attitude OT - cognition OT - older adults OT - vaccine OT - vaccine hesitancy COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/06/19 06:42 MHDA- 2023/06/20 06:42 PMCR- 2023/06/02 CRDT- 2023/06/19 02:51 PHST- 2023/02/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/20 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/19 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/19 02:51 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1163616 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2023 Jun 2;11:1163616. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1163616. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37322095 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230914 LR - 20230922 IS - 1573-2592 (Electronic) IS - 0271-9142 (Print) IS - 0271-9142 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Oct TI - COVID-19 Adenoviral Vector Vaccination Elicits a Robust Memory B Cell Response with the Capacity to Recognize Omicron BA.2 and BA.5 Variants. PG - 1506-1518 LID - 10.1007/s10875-023-01527-2 [doi] AB - Following the COVID-19 pandemic, novel vaccines have successfully reduced severe disease and death. Despite eliciting lower antibody responses, adenoviral vector vaccines are nearly as effective as mRNA vaccines. Therefore, protection against severe disease may be mediated by immune memory cells. We here evaluated plasma antibody and memory B cells (Bmem) targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) elicited by the adenoviral vector vaccine ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca), their capacity to bind Omicron subvariants, and compared this to the response to mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccination. Whole blood was sampled from 31 healthy adults pre-vaccination and 4 weeks after dose one and dose two of ChAdOx1. Neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against SARS-CoV-2 were quantified at each time point. Recombinant RBDs of the Wuhan-Hu-1 (WH1), Delta, BA.2, and BA.5 variants were produced for ELISA-based quantification of plasma IgG and incorporated separately into fluorescent tetramers for flow cytometric identification of RBD-specific Bmem. NAb and RBD-specific IgG levels were over eight times lower following ChAdOx1 vaccination than BNT162b2. In ChAdOx1-vaccinated individuals, median plasma IgG recognition of BA.2 and BA.5 as a proportion of WH1-specific IgG was 26% and 17%, respectively. All donors generated resting RBD-specific Bmem, which were boosted after the second dose of ChAdOx1 and were similar in number to those produced by BNT162b2. The second dose of ChAdOx1 boosted Bmem that recognized VoC, and 37% and 39% of WH1-specific Bmem recognized BA.2 and BA.5, respectively. These data uncover mechanisms by which ChAdOx1 elicits immune memory to confer effective protection against severe COVID-19. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Fryer, Holly A AU - Fryer HA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0779-490X AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Hartley, Gemma E AU - Hartley GE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3174-231X AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Edwards, Emily S J AU - Edwards ESJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0240-4370 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Varese, Nirupama AU - Varese N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9074-3710 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Boo, Irene AU - Boo I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0923-0972 AD - Viral Entry and Vaccines Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Bornheimer, Scott J AU - Bornheimer SJ AD - BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA. FAU - Hogarth, P Mark AU - Hogarth PM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0360-7890 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. FAU - Drummer, Heidi E AU - Drummer HE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0042-6277 AD - Viral Entry and Vaccines Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - O'Hehir, Robyn E AU - O'Hehir RE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3489-7595 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - van Zelm, Menno C AU - van Zelm MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4161-1919 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. menno.vanzelm@monash.edu. AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. menno.vanzelm@monash.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230616 PL - Netherlands TA - J Clin Immunol JT - Journal of clinical immunology JID - 8102137 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - *BNT162 Vaccine MH - Memory B Cells MH - Pandemics MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Adenoviridae MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC10499924 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - adenoviral vector vaccine OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - variant of concern COIS- MCvZ, REO'H, and PMH are inventors on a patent application related to this work. SJB is an employee of and owns stock in BD Biosciences. All the other authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/06/16 01:08 MHDA- 2023/09/14 06:42 PMCR- 2023/06/16 CRDT- 2023/06/15 23:22 PHST- 2023/03/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/14 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/16 01:08 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/15 23:22 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10875-023-01527-2 [pii] AID - 1527 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10875-023-01527-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Immunol. 2023 Oct;43(7):1506-1518. doi: 10.1007/s10875-023-01527-2. Epub 2023 Jun 16. PMID- 37315558 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230623 LR - 20260518 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Jun 20 TI - GRAd-COV2 vaccine provides potent and durable humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in randomized placebo-controlled phase 2 trial. PG - 101084 LID - S2666-3791(23)00203-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101084 [doi] LID - 101084 AB - The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and heterologous immunization approaches implemented worldwide for booster doses call for diversified vaccine portfolios. GRAd-COV2 is a gorilla adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate encoding prefusion-stabilized spike. The safety and immunogenicity of GRAd-COV2 is evaluated in a dose- and regimen-finding phase 2 trial (COVITAR study, ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04791423) whereby 917 eligible participants are randomized to receive a single intramuscular GRAd-COV2 administration followed by placebo, or two vaccine injections, or two doses of placebo, spaced over 3 weeks. Here, we report that GRAd-COV2 is well tolerated and induces robust immune responses after a single immunization; a second administration increases binding and neutralizing antibody titers. Potent, variant of concern (VOC) cross-reactive spike-specific T cell response peaks after the first dose and is characterized by high frequencies of CD8s. T cells maintain immediate effector functions and high proliferative potential over time. Thus, GRAd vector is a valuable platform for genetic vaccine development, especially when robust CD8 response is needed. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Capone, Stefania AU - Capone S AD - ReiThera srl - Castel Romano, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: stefania.capone@reithera.com. FAU - Fusco, Francesco M AU - Fusco FM AD - "D. Cotugno" Hospital, Azienda Specialistica dei Colli, Naples, Italy. FAU - Milleri, Stefano AU - Milleri S AD - Centro Ricerche Cliniche di Verona - CRC, Verona, Italy. FAU - Borre, Silvio AU - Borre S AD - ASL Vercelli Malattie Infettive, Vercelli, Italy. FAU - Carbonara, Sergio AU - Carbonara S AD - U.O.C. Malattie Infettive - P.O.V. Emanuele II, Bisceglie (BT), Italy. FAU - Lo Caputo, Sergio AU - Lo Caputo S AD - Malattie infettive, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche - A.O.U. Policlinico Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FAU - Leone, Sebastiano AU - Leone S AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, San Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, Avellino, Italy. FAU - Gori, Giovanni AU - Gori G AD - Centro di Farmacologia Clinica per la Sperimentazione dei Farmaci - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Maggi, Paolo AU - Maggi P AD - Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy. FAU - Cascio, Antonio AU - Cascio A AD - Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Lichtner, Miriam AU - Lichtner M AD - Department NESMOS Sapienza University of Rome, Infectious Disease Unit, SM Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy. FAU - Cauda, Roberto AU - Cauda R AD - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Dal Zoppo, Sarah AU - Dal Zoppo S AD - UO Malattie Infettive, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy. FAU - Cossu, Maria V AU - Cossu MV AD - I Divisione Malattie Infettive - ASST FBF SACCO, Milan, Italy. FAU - Gori, Andrea AU - Gori A AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Roda, Silvia AU - Roda S AD - U.O.C. Malattie Infettive - Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia, Viale Camillo Golgi, Italy. FAU - Confalonieri, Paola AU - Confalonieri P AD - Struttura Complessa Pneumologia - Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina, Trieste, Italy. FAU - Bonora, Stefano AU - Bonora S AD - Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy. FAU - Missale, Gabriele AU - Missale G AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Unit of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Codeluppi, Mauro AU - Codeluppi M AD - UOC di Malattie Infettive - Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto - AUSL Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy. FAU - Mezzaroma, Ivano AU - Mezzaroma I AD - UOC Malattie Infettive, AOU Policlinico Umberto 1, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Capici, Serena AU - Capici S AD - Phase 1 Research Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy. FAU - Pontali, Emanuele AU - Pontali E AD - Department of Infectious Diseases - E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genova, Italy. FAU - Libanore, Marco AU - Libanore M AD - Department Infectious Diseases, Arcispedale Sant'Anna - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Diani, Augusta AU - Diani A AD - Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy. FAU - Lanini, Simone AU - Lanini S AD - INMI Spallanzani, Rome, Italy. FAU - Battella, Simone AU - Battella S AD - ReiThera srl - Castel Romano, Rome, Italy. FAU - Contino, Alessandra M AU - Contino AM AD - ReiThera srl - Castel Romano, Rome, Italy. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Genova, Francesco AU - Genova F AD - ReiThera srl - Castel Romano, Rome, Italy. FAU - Parente, Gessica AU - Parente G AD - ReiThera srl - Castel Romano, Rome, Italy. FAU - Dragonetti, Rosella AU - Dragonetti R AD - ReiThera srl - Castel Romano, Rome, Italy. FAU - Colloca, Stefano AU - Colloca S AD - ReiThera srl - Castel Romano, Rome, Italy. FAU - Visani, Luigi AU - Visani L AD - Exom-Group, Milan, Italy. FAU - Iannacone, Claudio AU - Iannacone C AD - SPARC Consulting, Milan, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Folgori, Antonella AU - Folgori A AD - ReiThera srl - Castel Romano, Rome, Italy. FAU - Camerini, Roberto AU - Camerini R AD - ReiThera srl - Castel Romano, Rome, Italy. CN - COVITAR study group LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04791423 PT - Clinical Trial, Phase II PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230529 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *Vaccines MH - Immunity, Cellular PMC - PMC10243192 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4 OT - CD8 OT - COVID-19 OT - Sars-CoV-2 vaccine OT - T cell response OT - immunological memory OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - phase 2 clinical trial OT - safety OT - simian adenoviral vector COIS- Declaration of interests S. Capone, R. Camerini, R.D., F.G., S. Battella, A.M.C., G.P., S. Colloca, and A.F. are full employees of ReiThera Srl. S. Colloca and A.F. are founders and shareholders of Keires AG. S. Colloca is named inventor of the patent application no. 20183515.4 titled "GORILLA ADENOVIRUS NUCLEIC ACID- AND AMINO ACID-SEQUENCES, VECTORS CONTAINING SAME, AND USES THEREOF." L.V. is full employee of Exom, the CRO in charge of the COVITAR study management. S.L.C. received honoraria from Gilead, ViiV, GSK, Janssen, and MSD, has participated on the advisory boards of Gilead, ViiV, GSK, Janssen, and MSD, and has received support for attending meetings from Gilead. M. Lichtner received honoraria and support for attending meetings from Gilead, MSD, and ViiV, participated on the advisory boards of ViiV, Abbvie, and MSD, and received grants through the institution from Gilead and Abbvie. R. Carsetti was a member of the COVITAR study steering committee. C.I. received financial support from Exom for statistical analysis of the COVITAR study. FIR - Ziviani, Luigi IR - Ziviani L FIR - Malescio, Feliciana IR - Malescio F FIR - Turrini, Irene IR - Turrini I FIR - Lawlor, Rita IR - Lawlor R FIR - Romano, Annamaria IR - Romano A FIR - Nunziata, Mariagrazia IR - Nunziata M FIR - Armato, Salvatore IR - Armato S FIR - Mazzeo, Nicole IR - Mazzeo N FIR - Carleo, Maria Aurora IR - Carleo MA FIR - Dell'Isola, Chiara IR - Dell'Isola C FIR - Pisapia, Raffaella IR - Pisapia R FIR - Pontarelli, Agostina IR - Pontarelli A FIR - Olivani, Andrea IR - Olivani A FIR - Grasselli, Sara IR - Grasselli S FIR - Laccabue, Diletta IR - Laccabue D FIR - Leoni, Maria Cristina IR - Leoni MC FIR - Paolillo, Franco IR - Paolillo F FIR - Mancini, Annalisa IR - Mancini A FIR - Ruaro, Barbara IR - Ruaro B FIR - Confalonieri, Marco IR - Confalonieri M FIR - Salton, Francesco IR - Salton F FIR - Mancarella, Giulia IR - Mancarella G FIR - Marocco, Raffaella IR - Marocco R FIR - De Masi, Margherita IR - De Masi M FIR - Belvisi, Valeria IR - Belvisi V FIR - Lamonica, Silvia IR - Lamonica S FIR - Cingolani, Antonella IR - Cingolani A FIR - Seguiti, Cristina IR - Seguiti C FIR - Brambilla, Paola IR - Brambilla P FIR - Ferraresi, Alice IR - Ferraresi A FIR - Lupi, Matteo IR - Lupi M FIR - Ludovisi, Serena IR - Ludovisi S FIR - Renisi, Giulia IR - Renisi G FIR - Massafra, Roberta IR - Massafra R FIR - Pellicciotta, Martina IR - Pellicciotta M FIR - Armiento, Luciana IR - Armiento L FIR - Vimercati, Stefania IR - Vimercati S FIR - Piacenza, Mariagrazia IR - Piacenza M FIR - Bonfanti, Paolo IR - Bonfanti P FIR - Columpsi, Paola IR - Columpsi P FIR - Cazzaniga, Marina Elena IR - Cazzaniga ME FIR - Rovelli, Cristina IR - Rovelli C FIR - Ceresini, Mariaelena IR - Ceresini M FIR - Previtali, Letizia IR - Previtali L FIR - Trentini, Laura IR - Trentini L FIR - Alcantarini, Chiara IR - Alcantarini C FIR - Rugge, Walter IR - Rugge W FIR - Biffi, Stefano IR - Biffi S FIR - Poletti, Federica IR - Poletti F FIR - Rostagno, Roberto IR - Rostagno R FIR - Moglia, Roberta IR - Moglia R FIR - De Negri, Ferdinando IR - De Negri F FIR - Fini, Elisabetta IR - Fini E FIR - Cangialosi, Alice IR - Cangialosi A FIR - Bruno, Serena Rita IR - Bruno SR FIR - Rizzo, Marianna IR - Rizzo M FIR - Niglio, Mariangela IR - Niglio M FIR - Stritto, Anna Dello IR - Stritto AD FIR - Matano, Alfredo IR - Matano A FIR - Petruzziello, Arnolfo IR - Petruzziello A FIR - Valsecchi, Pietro IR - Valsecchi P FIR - Pieri, Teresa IR - Pieri T FIR - Altamura, Mauro IR - Altamura M FIR - Calamo, Angela IR - Calamo A FIR - Giannelli, Anna IR - Giannelli A FIR - Menolascina, Stefania IR - Menolascina S FIR - Di Bari, Silvia IR - Di Bari S FIR - Mauro, Vera IR - Mauro V FIR - Aronica, Raissa IR - Aronica R FIR - Segala, Daniela IR - Segala D FIR - Cultrera, Rosario IR - Cultrera R FIR - Sighinolfi, Laura IR - Sighinolfi L FIR - Abbott, Michelle IR - Abbott M FIR - Gizzi, Andrea IR - Gizzi A FIR - Marascia, Federica Guida IR - Marascia FG FIR - Valenti, Giacomo IR - Valenti G FIR - Feasi, Marcello IR - Feasi M FIR - Bobbio, Nicoletta IR - Bobbio N FIR - Del Puente, Filippo IR - Del Puente F FIR - Nicosia, Alfredo IR - Nicosia A FIR - Frasca, Martina IR - Frasca M FIR - Mazzoleni, Miriam IR - Mazzoleni M FIR - Garofalo, Nadia IR - Garofalo N FIR - Ammendola, Virginia IR - Ammendola V FIR - Grazioli, Fabiana IR - Grazioli F FIR - Napolitano, Federico IR - Napolitano F FIR - Vitelli, Alessandra IR - Vitelli A FIR - Marcellini, Valentina IR - Marcellini V EDAT- 2023/06/15 01:08 MHDA- 2023/06/23 06:42 PMCR- 2023/05/29 CRDT- 2023/06/14 18:41 PHST- 2022/10/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/23 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/15 01:08 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/14 18:41 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(23)00203-3 [pii] AID - 101084 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101084 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2023 Jun 20;4(6):101084. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101084. Epub 2023 May 29. PMID- 37309435 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260920 IS - 2228-6497 (Print) IS - 2228-6497 (Electronic) IS - 2228-6497 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 TI - COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A Systematic review of cognitive determinants. PG - 21-35 LID - 10.34172/hpp.2023.03 [doi] AB - Background: Although mass vaccination is considered one of the most effective public health strategies during the pandemic, in the COVID-19 era, many people considered vaccines unnecessary and, or doubted the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine. This review aimed to tabulate cognitive causes of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy, which may help public health policymakers overcome the barriers to mass vaccinations in future pandemics. Methods: For this systematic review, studies pertaining to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy published up to June 2022 were retrieved from six online databases (Cochrane Library, Google Scholar Medline through PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). Inclusion criteria were the studies conducted on people who had a delay in accepting or refusing COVID-19 vaccines, reported the impact of cognitive determinants on vaccine hesitancy, and were written in English in the timeframe of 2020-2022. Results: This systematic review initially reviewed 1171 records. From these 91 articles met the inclusion criteria. The vaccination hesitation rate was 29.72% on average. This systematic review identified several cognitive determinants influencing vaccination hesitancy. Lack of confidence and complacency were the most frequent factors that predicted vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion: The identified prevailing cognitive determinants for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy indicated that using initiative and effective communication strategies would be a determinant factor in building people's trust in vaccines during the pandemic and mass vaccinations. CI - (c) 2023 The Author(s). FAU - Pourrazavi, Sara AU - Pourrazavi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4036-8569 AD - Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. AD - Health Education & Promotion Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Fathifar, Zahra AU - Fathifar Z AD - Department of Library, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Sharma, Manoj AU - Sharma M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4624-2414 AD - Department of Social and Behavioral Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA. FAU - Allahverdipour, Hamid AU - Allahverdipour H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3700-6185 AD - Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. AD - Health Education & Promotion Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20230430 PL - Iran TA - Health Promot Perspect JT - Health promotion perspectives JID - 101580052 PMC - PMC10257562 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Cognitive psychology OT - Systematic review OT - Vaccination hesitancy COIS- Hamid Alahverdipour is Editor-in-Chief of the Health Promotion Perspectives. Other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/06/13 06:42 MHDA- 2023/06/13 06:43 PMCR- 2023/04/30 CRDT- 2023/06/13 03:52 PHST- 2023/03/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/13 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/13 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/13 03:52 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.34172/hpp.2023.03 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Promot Perspect. 2023 Apr 30;13(1):21-35. doi: 10.34172/hpp.2023.03. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37304298 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230613 LR - 20230614 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Functional CVIDs phenotype clusters identified by the integration of immune parameters after BNT162b2 boosters. PG - 1194225 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1194225 [doi] LID - 1194225 AB - INTRODUCTION: Assessing the response to vaccinations is one of the diagnostic criteria for Common Variable Immune Deficiencies (CVIDs). Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 offered the unique opportunity to analyze the immune response to a novel antigen. We identify four CVIDs phenotype clusters by the integration of immune parameters after BTN162b2 boosters. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal study on 47 CVIDs patients who received the 3rd and 4th vaccine dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine measuring the generation of immunological memory. We analyzed specific and neutralizing antibodies, spike-specific memory B cells, and functional T cells. RESULTS: We found that, depending on the readout of vaccine efficacy, the frequency of responders changes. Although 63.8% of the patients have specific antibodies in the serum, only 30% have high-affinity specific memory B cells and generate recall responses. DISCUSSION: Thanks to the integration of our data, we identified four functional groups of CVIDs patients with different B cell phenotypes, T cell functions, and clinical diseases. The presence of antibodies alone is not sufficient to demonstrate the establishment of immune memory and the measurement of the in-vivo response to vaccination distinguishes patients with different immunological defects and clinical diseases. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Piano Mortari, Pulvirenti, Marcellini, Terreri, Salinas, Ferrari, Di Napoli, Guadagnolo, Sculco, Albano, Guercio, Di Cecca, Milito, Garzi, Pesce, Bonanni, Sinibaldi, Bordoni, Di Cecilia, Accordini, Castilletti, Agrati, Quintarelli, Zaffina, Locatelli, Carsetti and Quinti. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pulvirenti, Federica AU - Pulvirenti F AD - Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy. FAU - Marcellini, Valentina AU - Marcellini V AD - Research Biobank, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Terreri, Sara AU - Terreri S AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Salinas, Ane Fernandez AU - Salinas AF AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Ferrari, Simona AU - Ferrari S AD - Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Di Napoli, Giulia AU - Di Napoli G AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Guadagnolo, Daniele AU - Guadagnolo D AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sculco, Eleonora AU - Sculco E AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Albano, Christian AU - Albano C AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Guercio, Marika AU - Guercio M AD - Department of Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Cecca, Stefano AU - Di Cecca S AD - Department of Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Milito, Cinzia AU - Milito C AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Garzi, Giulia AU - Garzi G AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pesce, Anna Maria AU - Pesce AM AD - Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bonanni, Livia AU - Bonanni L AD - Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sinibaldi, Matilde AU - Sinibaldi M AD - Department of Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bordoni, Veronica AU - Bordoni V AD - Department of Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Cecilia, Serena AU - Di Cecilia S AD - FlowJo, BD Life-Sciences-Biosciences, Ashland, OR, United States. FAU - Accordini, Silvia AU - Accordini S AD - Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, Verona, Italy. FAU - Castilletti, Concetta AU - Castilletti C AD - Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, Verona, Italy. FAU - Agrati, Chiara AU - Agrati C AD - Department of Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Quintarelli, Concetta AU - Quintarelli C AD - Department of Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Zaffina, Salvatore AU - Zaffina S AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Locatelli, Franco AU - Locatelli F AD - Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Quinti, Isabella AU - Quinti I AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230525 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - *Common Variable Immunodeficiency MH - Phenotype PMC - PMC10248522 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - COVID-19 OT - CVIDs OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - booster dose OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cells COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/06/12 06:42 MHDA- 2023/06/13 06:42 PMCR- 2023/05/25 CRDT- 2023/06/12 04:07 PHST- 2023/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/13 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/12 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/12 04:07 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1194225 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 May 25;14:1194225. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1194225. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37293441 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230616 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 30 DP - 2023 Jul TI - Neurophenotypes of COVID-19: Risk factors and recovery outcomes. PG - 100648 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100648 [doi] LID - 100648 AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is associated with risk of persistent neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric complications. It is unclear whether the neuropsychological manifestations of COVID-19 present as a uniform syndrome or as distinct neurophenotypes with differing risk factors and recovery outcomes. We examined post-acute neuropsychological profiles following SARS-CoV-2 infection in 205 patients recruited from inpatient and outpatient populations, using an unsupervised machine learning cluster analysis, with objective and subjective measures as input features. This resulted in three distinct post-COVID clusters. In the largest cluster (69%), cognitive functions were within normal limits, although mild subjective attention and memory complaints were reported. Vaccination was associated with membership in this "normal cognition" phenotype. Cognitive impairment was present in the remaining 31% of the sample but clustered into two differentially impaired groups. In 16% of participants, memory deficits, slowed processing speed, and fatigue were predominant. Risk factors for membership in the "memory-speed impaired" neurophenotype included anosmia and more severe COVID-19 infection. In the remaining 15% of participants, executive dysfunction was predominant. Risk factors for membership in this milder "dysexecutive" neurophenotype included disease-nonspecific factors such as neighborhood deprivation and obesity. Recovery outcomes at 6-month follow-up differed across neurophenotypes, with the normal cognition group showing improvement in verbal memory and psychomotor speed, the dysexecutive group showing improvement in cognitive flexibility, and the memory-speed impaired group showing no objective improvement and relatively worse functional outcomes compared to the other two clusters. These results indicate that there are multiple post-acute neurophenotypes of COVID-19, with different etiological pathways and recovery outcomes. This information may inform phenotype-specific approaches to treatment. CI - (c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Prabhakaran, Divya AU - Prabhakaran D AD - Mayo Clinic, Center for Individualized Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA. AD - University of California, San Diego, Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Day, Gregory S AU - Day GS AD - Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Munipalli, Bala AU - Munipalli B AD - Mayo Clinic, Department of General Internal Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Rush, Beth K AU - Rush BK AD - Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Pudalov, Lauren AU - Pudalov L AD - Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Niazi, Shehzad K AU - Niazi SK AD - Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Brennan, Emily AU - Brennan E AD - Mayo Clinic, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Powers, Harry R AU - Powers HR AD - Mayo Clinic, Division of Infectious Diseases, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Durvasula, Ravi AU - Durvasula R AD - Mayo Clinic, Division of Infectious Diseases, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Athreya, Arjun AU - Athreya A AD - Mayo Clinic, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA. AD - Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Rochester, MN, USA. FAU - Blackmon, Karen AU - Blackmon K AD - Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Jacksonville, FL, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230604 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 UOF - Res Sq. 2023 Feb 20:rs.3.rs-2363210. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2363210/v2. PMID: 36597538 PMC - PMC10239310 COIS- The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: GS Day's research is supported by NIH [K23AG064029, U01AG057195, U19AG032438], the Alzheimer's Association, and Chan Zuckerberg Initiative. He serves as a consultant for Parabon Nanolabs Inc, as a Topic Editor [Dementia] for DynaMed (EBSCO), and as the Clinical Director of the Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis Foundation [Inc, Canada; uncompensated]. He is the co-Project PI for a clinical trial in anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which receives support from Horizon Pharmaceuticals. He has developed educational materials for PeerView Media, Inc, and Continuing Education Inc. He owns stock in ANI pharmaceuticals. Dr. Day's institution has received support from EliLilly for Dr. Day's development and participation in an educational event promoting early diagnosis of symptomatic Alzheimer disease. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose. EDAT- 2023/06/09 06:41 MHDA- 2023/06/09 06:42 PMCR- 2023/06/04 CRDT- 2023/06/09 04:36 PHST- 2023/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/09 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/09 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/09 04:36 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(23)00062-5 [pii] AID - 100648 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100648 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2023 Jul;30:100648. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100648. Epub 2023 Jun 4. PMID- 37278994 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230616 LR - 20260518 IS - 1538-3598 (Electronic) IS - 0098-7484 (Print) IS - 0098-7484 (Linking) VI - 329 IP - 22 DP - 2023 Jun 13 TI - Development of a Definition of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. PG - 1934-1946 LID - 10.1001/jama.2023.8823 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with persistent, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects occurring after acute infection, termed postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as long COVID. Characterizing PASC requires analysis of prospectively and uniformly collected data from diverse uninfected and infected individuals. OBJECTIVE: To develop a definition of PASC using self-reported symptoms and describe PASC frequencies across cohorts, vaccination status, and number of infections. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective observational cohort study of adults with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection at 85 enrolling sites (hospitals, health centers, community organizations) located in 33 states plus Washington, DC, and Puerto Rico. Participants who were enrolled in the RECOVER adult cohort before April 10, 2023, completed a symptom survey 6 months or more after acute symptom onset or test date. Selection included population-based, volunteer, and convenience sampling. EXPOSURE: SARS-CoV-2 infection. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: PASC and 44 participant-reported symptoms (with severity thresholds). RESULTS: A total of 9764 participants (89% SARS-CoV-2 infected; 71% female; 16% Hispanic/Latino; 15% non-Hispanic Black; median age, 47 years [IQR, 35-60]) met selection criteria. Adjusted odds ratios were 1.5 or greater (infected vs uninfected participants) for 37 symptoms. Symptoms contributing to PASC score included postexertional malaise, fatigue, brain fog, dizziness, gastrointestinal symptoms, palpitations, changes in sexual desire or capacity, loss of or change in smell or taste, thirst, chronic cough, chest pain, and abnormal movements. Among 2231 participants first infected on or after December 1, 2021, and enrolled within 30 days of infection, 224 (10% [95% CI, 8.8%-11%]) were PASC positive at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: A definition of PASC was developed based on symptoms in a prospective cohort study. As a first step to providing a framework for other investigations, iterative refinement that further incorporates other clinical features is needed to support actionable definitions of PASC. FAU - Thaweethai, Tanayott AU - Thaweethai T AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Jolley, Sarah E AU - Jolley SE AD - University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. FAU - Karlson, Elizabeth W AU - Karlson EW AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Levitan, Emily B AU - Levitan EB AD - University of Alabama at Birmingham. FAU - Levy, Bruce AU - Levy B AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - McComsey, Grace A AU - McComsey GA AD - Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. FAU - McCorkell, Lisa AU - McCorkell L AD - Patient-Led Research Collaborative, Calabasas, California. FAU - Nadkarni, Girish N AU - Nadkarni GN AD - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. FAU - Parthasarathy, Sairam AU - Parthasarathy S AD - The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson. FAU - Singh, Upinder AU - Singh U AD - Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Walker, Tiffany A AU - Walker TA AD - Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Selvaggi, Caitlin A AU - Selvaggi CA AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Shinnick, Daniel J AU - Shinnick DJ AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Schulte, Carolin C M AU - Schulte CCM AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Atchley-Challenner, Rachel AU - Atchley-Challenner R AD - Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Alba, George A AU - Alba GA AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Alicic, Radica AU - Alicic R AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Altman, Natasha AU - Altman N AD - University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. FAU - Anglin, Khamal AU - Anglin K AD - University of California, San Francisco. FAU - Argueta, Urania AU - Argueta U AD - University of California, San Francisco. FAU - Ashktorab, Hassan AU - Ashktorab H AD - Howard University, Washington, DC. FAU - Baslet, Gaston AU - Baslet G AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Bassett, Ingrid V AU - Bassett IV AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Bateman, Lucinda AU - Bateman L AD - Bateman Horne Center, Salt Lake City, Utah. FAU - Bedi, Brahmchetna AU - Bedi B AD - Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Bhattacharyya, Shamik AU - Bhattacharyya S AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Bind, Marie-Abele AU - Bind MA AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Blomkalns, Andra L AU - Blomkalns AL AD - Stanford University, Stanford, California. FAU - Bonilla, Hector AU - Bonilla H AD - Stanford University, Stanford, California. FAU - Brim, Hassan AU - Brim H AD - Pathology Department, Howard University, Washington, DC. FAU - Bush, Patricia A AU - Bush PA AD - Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Georgia Inc, Atlanta. FAU - Castro, Mario AU - Castro M AD - University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City. FAU - Chan, James AU - Chan J AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Charney, Alexander W AU - Charney AW AD - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. FAU - Chen, Peter AU - Chen P AD - Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. FAU - Chibnik, Lori B AU - Chibnik LB AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Chu, Helen Y AU - Chu HY AD - University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle. FAU - Clifton, Rebecca G AU - Clifton RG AD - George Washington University, Washington, DC. FAU - Costantine, Maged M AU - Costantine MM AD - The Ohio State University, Columbus. FAU - Cribbs, Sushma K AU - Cribbs SK AD - Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Davila Nieves, Sylvia I AU - Davila Nieves SI AD - Universidad de Puerto Rico Recinto de Ciencias Medicas, San Juan, Puerto Rico. FAU - Deeks, Steven G AU - Deeks SG AD - University of California, San Francisco. FAU - Duven, Alexandria AU - Duven A AD - Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Emery, Ivette F AU - Emery IF AD - MaineHealth, Portland. FAU - Erdmann, Nathan AU - Erdmann N AD - University of Alabama at Birmingham. FAU - Erlandson, Kristine M AU - Erlandson KM AD - University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. FAU - Ernst, Kacey C AU - Ernst KC AD - The University of Arizona, Tucson. FAU - Farah-Abraham, Rachael AU - Farah-Abraham R AD - Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Farner, Cheryl E AU - Farner CE AD - The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. FAU - Feuerriegel, Elen M AU - Feuerriegel EM AD - University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. FAU - Fleurimont, Judes AU - Fleurimont J AD - University of Illinois Chicago. FAU - Fonseca, Vivian AU - Fonseca V AD - Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana. FAU - Franko, Nicholas AU - Franko N AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Gainer, Vivian AU - Gainer V AD - Partners HealthCare Systems, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Gander, Jennifer C AU - Gander JC AD - Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta. FAU - Gardner, Edward M AU - Gardner EM AD - Denver Health, Denver, Colorado. FAU - Geng, Linda N AU - Geng LN AD - Stanford University, Stanford, California. FAU - Gibson, Kelly S AU - Gibson KS AD - MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio. FAU - Go, Minjoung AU - Go M AD - Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Goldman, Jason D AU - Goldman JD AD - Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Grebe, Halle AU - Grebe H AD - University of California, San Francisco. FAU - Greenway, Frank L AU - Greenway FL AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. FAU - Habli, Mounira AU - Habli M AD - TriHealth, Cincinnati, Ohio. FAU - Hafner, John AU - Hafner J AD - University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine. FAU - Han, Jenny E AU - Han JE AD - Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Hanson, Keith A AU - Hanson KA AD - University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria. FAU - Heath, James AU - Heath J AD - Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington. FAU - Hernandez, Carla AU - Hernandez C AD - UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio. FAU - Hess, Rachel AU - Hess R AD - University of Utah Schools of the Health Sciences, Salt Lake City. FAU - Hodder, Sally L AU - Hodder SL AD - West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown. FAU - Hoffman, Matthew K AU - Hoffman MK AD - Christiana Care Health Services Inc, Newark, Delaware. FAU - Hoover, Susan E AU - Hoover SE AD - Sanford Health, Sioux Falls, South Dakota. FAU - Huang, Beatrice AU - Huang B AD - University of California, San Francisco. FAU - Hughes, Brenna L AU - Hughes BL AD - Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. FAU - Jagannathan, Prasanna AU - Jagannathan P AD - Stanford University, Stanford, California. FAU - John, Janice AU - John J AD - Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts. FAU - Jordan, Michael R AU - Jordan MR AD - Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Katz, Stuart D AU - Katz SD AD - New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York. FAU - Kaufman, Elizabeth S AU - Kaufman ES AD - MetroHealth Campus of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. FAU - Kelly, John D AU - Kelly JD AD - University of California, San Francisco. FAU - Kelly, Sara W AU - Kelly SW AD - University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria. FAU - Kemp, Megan M AU - Kemp MM AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Kirwan, John P AU - Kirwan JP AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. FAU - Klein, Jonathan D AU - Klein JD AD - University of Illinois Chicago. FAU - Knox, Kenneth S AU - Knox KS AD - The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix. FAU - Krishnan, Jerry A AU - Krishnan JA AD - University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago. FAU - Kumar, Andre AU - Kumar A AD - Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Laiyemo, Adeyinka O AU - Laiyemo AO AD - Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC. FAU - Lambert, Allison A AU - Lambert AA AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Lanca, Margaret AU - Lanca M AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Lee-Iannotti, Joyce K AU - Lee-Iannotti JK AD - The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix. FAU - Logarbo, Brian P AU - Logarbo BP AD - Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana. FAU - Longo, Michele T AU - Longo MT AD - Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana. FAU - Luciano, Carlos A AU - Luciano CA AD - Universidad de Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. FAU - Lutrick, Karen AU - Lutrick K AD - The University of Arizona, Tucson. FAU - Maley, Jason H AU - Maley JH AD - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Mallett, Gail AU - Mallett G AD - Department of ObGyn/Maternal Fetal Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Marathe, Jai G AU - Marathe JG AD - Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Marconi, Vincent AU - Marconi V AD - Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Marshall, Gailen D AU - Marshall GD AD - University of Mississippi, Oxford. FAU - Martin, Christopher F AU - Martin CF AD - Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Matusov, Yuri AU - Matusov Y AD - Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. FAU - Mehari, Alem AU - Mehari A AD - Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC. FAU - Mendez-Figueroa, Hector AU - Mendez-Figueroa H AD - McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. FAU - Mermelstein, Robin AU - Mermelstein R AD - University of Illinois Chicago. FAU - Metz, Torri D AU - Metz TD AD - University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City. FAU - Morse, Richard AU - Morse R AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Mosier, Jarrod AU - Mosier J AD - University of Arizona, Tucson. FAU - Mouchati, Christian AU - Mouchati C AD - Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio. FAU - Mullington, Janet AU - Mullington J AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Murphy, Shawn N AU - Murphy SN AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Neuman, Robert B AU - Neuman RB AD - Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Georgia Inc, Atlanta. FAU - Nikolich, Janko Z AU - Nikolich JZ AD - The University of Arizona, Tucson. FAU - Ofotokun, Ighovwerha AU - Ofotokun I AD - Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Ojemakinde, Elizabeth AU - Ojemakinde E AD - Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Palatnik, Anna AU - Palatnik A AD - Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. FAU - Palomares, Kristy AU - Palomares K AD - Saint Peter's University Hospital, Brunswick, New Jersey. FAU - Parimon, Tanyalak AU - Parimon T AD - Cedars-Sinai Health System, Los Angeles, California. FAU - Parry, Samuel AU - Parry S AD - University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. FAU - Patterson, Jan E AU - Patterson JE AD - The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. FAU - Patterson, Thomas F AU - Patterson TF AD - The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. FAU - Patzer, Rachel E AU - Patzer RE AD - Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Peluso, Michael J AU - Peluso MJ AD - University of California, San Francisco. FAU - Pemu, Priscilla AU - Pemu P AD - Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Pettker, Christian M AU - Pettker CM AD - Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. FAU - Plunkett, Beth A AU - Plunkett BA AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. AD - NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois. FAU - Pogreba-Brown, Kristen AU - Pogreba-Brown K AD - The University of Arizona, Tucson. FAU - Poppas, Athena AU - Poppas A AD - Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. FAU - Quigley, John G AU - Quigley JG AD - University of Illinois Chicago. FAU - Reddy, Uma AU - Reddy U AD - Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York. FAU - Reece, Rebecca AU - Reece R AD - West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown. FAU - Reeder, Harrison AU - Reeder H AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Reeves, W B AU - Reeves WB AD - Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. FAU - Reiman, Eric M AU - Reiman EM AD - Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona. FAU - Rischard, Franz AU - Rischard F AD - Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Arizona. FAU - Rosand, Jonathan AU - Rosand J AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Rouse, Dwight J AU - Rouse DJ AD - Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. FAU - Ruff, Adam AU - Ruff A AD - The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City. FAU - Saade, George AU - Saade G AD - Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk. FAU - Sandoval, Grecio J AU - Sandoval GJ AD - Milken Institute of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC. FAU - Santana, Jorge L AU - Santana JL AD - School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. FAU - Schlater, Shannon M AU - Schlater SM AD - University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City. FAU - Sciurba, Frank C AU - Sciurba FC AD - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. FAU - Shepherd, Fitzgerald AU - Shepherd F AD - Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Sherif, Zaki A AU - Sherif ZA AD - Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC. FAU - Simhan, Hyagriv AU - Simhan H AD - University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. FAU - Singer, Nora G AU - Singer NG AD - MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio. FAU - Skupski, Daniel W AU - Skupski DW AD - Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York. FAU - Sowles, Amber AU - Sowles A AD - University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City. FAU - Sparks, Jeffrey A AU - Sparks JA AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Sukhera, Fatima I AU - Sukhera FI AD - The University of Oklahoma, Norman. FAU - Taylor, Barbara S AU - Taylor BS AD - The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. FAU - Teunis, Larissa AU - Teunis L AD - Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Thomas, Robert J AU - Thomas RJ AD - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Thorp, John M AU - Thorp JM AD - The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. FAU - Thuluvath, Paul AU - Thuluvath P AD - Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland. FAU - Ticotsky, Amberly AU - Ticotsky A AD - Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts. FAU - Tita, Alan T AU - Tita AT AD - University of Alabama, Birmingham. FAU - Tuttle, Katherine R AU - Tuttle KR AD - University of Washington, Seattle. FAU - Urdaneta, Alfredo E AU - Urdaneta AE AD - Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. FAU - Valdivieso, Daisy AU - Valdivieso D AD - University of California, San Francisco. FAU - VanWagoner, Timothy M AU - VanWagoner TM AD - University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. FAU - Vasey, Andrew AU - Vasey A AD - University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. FAU - Verduzco-Gutierrez, Monica AU - Verduzco-Gutierrez M AD - The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. FAU - Wallace, Zachary S AU - Wallace ZS AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. FAU - Ward, Honorine D AU - Ward HD AD - Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Warren, David E AU - Warren DE AD - University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. FAU - Weiner, Steven J AU - Weiner SJ AD - The George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Rockville, Maryland. FAU - Welch, Shelley AU - Welch S AD - West Virginia University, Morgantown. FAU - Whiteheart, Sidney W AU - Whiteheart SW AD - University of Kentucky, Lexington. FAU - Wiley, Zanthia AU - Wiley Z AD - Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Wisnivesky, Juan P AU - Wisnivesky JP AD - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. FAU - Yee, Lynn M AU - Yee LM AD - Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Zisis, Sokratis AU - Zisis S AD - Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. FAU - Horwitz, Leora I AU - Horwitz LI AD - New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York. FAU - Foulkes, Andrea S AU - Foulkes AS AD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. CN - RECOVER Consortium LA - eng GR - OT2 HL156812/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - UG1 HD027869/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 AI157875/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 TR004409/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - UG1 HD040544/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR004419/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - OT2 HL161841/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - UG1 HD040500/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL162373/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK130351/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AG072946/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - U10 HD040500/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR001863/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - UG1 HD087230/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002538/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - UG1 HD027915/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - UG1 HD087192/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - OT2 HL161847/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - L30 AI126521/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 AI146268/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - S10 OD026880/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 AI159518/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - S10 OD030463/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 TR004528/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002319/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 GM115428/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - L30 AI147159/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL161386/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - JAMA JT - JAMA JID - 7501160 SB - IM CIN - JAMA. 2023 Jun 13;329(22):1918-1919. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.8961. PMID: 37227710 CIN - JAMA. 2023 Oct 17;330(15):1492. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.15712. PMID: 37847276 CIN - JAMA. 2023 Oct 17;330(15):1491-1492. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.15709. PMID: 37847279 MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Prospective Studies MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Cohort Studies MH - Disease Progression MH - Fatigue PMC - PMC10214179 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Thaweethai reported receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and serving as co-investigator of the RECOVER Data Resource Core. Dr Jolley reported receiving grants from the NIH/NHLBI. Dr Karlson reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Levitan reported receiving grants from the NIH and Amgen. Dr Levy reported receiving grants from the NHLBI and personal fees or research support from Entrinsic Bioscience, Nocion Therapeutics, Gossamer Bio, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Sanofi, Amgen, Genentech, Pieris Pharmaceuticals, and SRA. Dr McComsey reported serving as a consultant for Gilead, Merck, Janssen, and GlaxoSmithKline and receiving research support from Pfizer, Genentech, and Roche. Ms McCorkell reported receiving personal fees from NIH RECOVER and research funding as a subcontractor from the NIH and the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). Dr Parthasarathy reported receiving grants from the NIH, NHLBI, Sergey-Brin Foundation, and Regeneron and personal fees from Jazz Pharmaceuticals. Dr Singh reported receiving grants from Pfizer and serving as an advisor to Regeneron and Gilead. Dr Walker reported receiving grants from the NHLBI. Mr Shinnick reported receiving grants from the NIH/NHLBI. Dr Horwitz reported receiving grants from the NIH and serving on an ad hoc committee for the National Academy of Medicine. Dr Foulkes reported receiving grants from the NIH/NHLBI and personal fees from the Round Table Group and serving as principal investigator of the RECOVER Data Resource Core. Dr Alba reported receiving personal fees from Minerva Biotechnologies. Dr Alicic reported receiving grants from the NIH, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Travere Therapeutics and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr Ashktorab reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Bhattacharyya reported receiving grants from NIH RECOVER, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, UCB, and Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness and personal fees from American Academy of Neurology and UpToDate. Dr Castro reported receiving grants from the NIH, American Lung Association, PCORI, AstraZeneca, Gala Therapeutics, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Pulmatrix, Sanofi, Shionogi, and Theravance Biopharma; personal fees from Allakos, Amgen, OM Pharma, Pfizer, Pioneering Medicines, AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Genentech, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Sanofi, Merck, Novartis, Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, and Regeneron; stock options from Aer Therapeutics; and royalties from Elsevier. Dr Chu reported receiving grants from the NIH and personal fees from Merck, Vir Biotechnology, AbbVie, Ellume, Pfizer, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; serving on advisory boards for Merck and AbbVie; conducting CME teaching with Medscape, Vindico, and Clinical Care Options; and receiving research funding from Gates Ventures and support and reagents from Ellume and Cepheid. Dr Clifton reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Costantine reported receiving grants from the NIH, Baxter International, and Siemens Healthcare and personal fees from Quidel, Progenity, and Siemens Healthcare. Dr Davila Nieves reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Deeks reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Emery reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Erdmann reported receiving grants from the NIH and personal fees from Perspectum and having a patent for Plantform. Dr Erlandson reported receiving grant funding and advisory fee payments from Gilead Sciences (paid to the University of Colorado) and advisory fee payments from Merck and ViiV (paid to the University of Colorado) in the last 3 years. Ms Gainer reported receiving grants from NIH RECOVER. Dr Geng reported receiving grants from Pfizer and personal fees from UnitedHealthcare. Dr Gibson reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Go reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Goldman reported receiving grants from Gilead Sciences and Merck; personal fees from Gilead Sciences and Eli Lilly; contracted research from Gilead Sciences, Eli Lilly, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; and nonfinancial support from Adaptive Biotechnologies, Labcorp, and Monogram Biosciences. Dr Greenway reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Heath reported receiving grants from Merck and Gilead Sciences, personal fees from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, and being a board member for IsoPlexis. Dr Hess reported receiving grants from the NIH and being a member of a data and safety monitoring board for Astellas Pharmaceuticals. Dr Hodder reported receiving grants from the NHLBI. Dr Hoffman reported receiving grants from the NHLBI. Dr Hughes reported receiving honorarium from UpToDate and personal fees from AMAG Pharmaceuticals. Ms John reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Katz reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Klein reported receiving grants from NIH RECOVER and consulting fees from Gilead Sciences. Dr Knox reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Krishnan reported receiving grants from the NIH/NHLBI; personal fees from GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, CereVu Medical, BData, Propeller, ResMed, American Board of Internal Medicine, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology; and research funding from the NIH, PCORI, American Lung Association, COPD Foundation, and the Sergey Brin Family Foundation. Dr Laiyemo reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Lambert reported receiving grants from the NIH and the PCORI and serving as a site principal investigator for trials funded by Vertex and Aceragan. Dr Luciano reported receiving grants from the NIH and speaker fees from Sanofi-Genzyme. Ms Mallett reported receiving grants from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Dr Marathe reported receiving grants from NIH RECOVER and funding from Boston Medical Center. Dr Marconi reported receiving grants from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Veteran Affairs, and the NIH; grants, personal fees, nonfinancial support, and other from Eli Lilly and Gilead; grants and personal fees from ViiV; and nonfinancial support from Bayer. Dr Marshall reported receiving grants from the NIH. Mr Martin reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Metz reported receiving grants from the NIH and Pfizer and personal fees from Pfizer. Mr Morse reported receiving grants from the NIH/NHLBI. Dr Mullington reported receiving grants from the NIH and Open Medicine Foundation and speaker and book chapter contribution for Idorsia Pharmaceuticals. Dr Murphy reported receiving grants from the NIH/NHLBI. Dr Nikolich reported receiving grants from the NIH/NHLBI. Dr Ojemakinde reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Parry reported receiving grants from NIH RECOVER paid to Penn and funding from the Sergey Brin Family Foundation. Dr Peluso reported receiving personal fees from Gilead Sciences and AstraZeneca. Dr Pogreba-Brown reported receiving grants from NIH RECOVER. Dr Poppas reported owning stock in GE and serving as an UpToDate contributor and co-editor of Hurst and Fuster's The Heart. Dr Quigley reported receiving grants from the NIH, Pfizer, AbbVie, and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries and personal fees from Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Servier Laboratories, Agios Pharmaceuticals, and Rigel Pharmaceuticals. Dr Reiman reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Rischard reported receiving grants from the NIH/NHLBI, Bayer, Janssen, Merck, Aerovate Therapeutics, and Respira Therapeutics and consulting relationships with Acceleron Pharma and United Therapeutics. Dr Rosand reported receiving grants from the NIH and the American Heart Association and personal fees from the National Football League and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Dr Shepherd reported receiving grants from NIH RECOVER. Dr Simhan reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Singer reported receiving grants from Case Western Reserve University and MetroHealth. Dr Sparks reported receiving grants from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, the R. Bruce and Joan M. Mickey Research Scholar Fund, the Llura Gund Award for Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Bristol Myers Squibb and personal fees from Bristol Myers Squibb, AbbVie, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead Sciences, Inova Diagnostics, Janssen, Optum, and Pfizer. Dr Thomas reported receiving personal fees from Guidepoint Global and GLG Councils and having a patent for ECG-spectrogram with royalties paid from MyCardio LLC through Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Dr Thuluvath reported receiving grants from Mercy Medical Center. Dr Tita reported receiving grants from Pfizer. Dr VanWagoner reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Vasey reported receiving grants from NIH RECOVER. Dr Wallace reported receiving grants from Bristol Myers Squibb, Sanofi, and Horizon Therapeutics and personal fees from Sanofi, Novartis, Shionogi, Visterra, Horizon Therapeutics, PPD Inc, Zenas BioPharma, and Medpace. Dr Warren reported receiving grants from the NIH. Mr Weiner reported receiving grants from the NIH. Ms Welch reported receiving grants from the NIH. Dr Wisnivesky reported receiving personal fees from PPD Inc, Banook, Sanofi, Atea Pharmaceuticals, and Prospero and grants from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Axella, Sanofi, and Arnold. Dr Yee reported receiving grants from the NIH. No other disclosures were reported. 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Robarts, Polly IR - Robarts P FIR - Roberts, Timothy R IR - Roberts TR FIR - Rochez, Nitza IR - Rochez N FIR - Rodgers, Kathleen E IR - Rodgers KE FIR - Rogerson, Colin M IR - Rogerson CM FIR - Romero, Maria E IR - Romero ME FIR - Rosas, Johana M IR - Rosas JM FIR - Rosenzweig, Erika B IR - Rosenzweig EB FIR - Rothman, Russell L IR - Rothman RL FIR - Rouphael, Nadine G IR - Rouphael NG FIR - Russell, Mark W IR - Russell MW FIR - Rutherfoord, Melissa IR - Rutherfoord M FIR - Sabati, Arash A IR - Sabati AA FIR - Sader, Samer B IR - Sader SB FIR - Salehi, Marzieh IR - Salehi M FIR - Salisbury, Amy L IR - Salisbury AL FIR - Sampson, Barbara A IR - Sampson BA FIR - Sanil, Yamuna IR - Sanil Y FIR - Sato, Alice I IR - Sato AI FIR - Saydah, Sharon H IR - Saydah SH FIR - Schechter, Michael S IR - Schechter MS FIR - Schenck, Edward J IR - Schenck EJ FIR - Schlepphorst, Katherine I IR - Schlepphorst KI FIR - Schuchard, Julia IR - Schuchard J FIR - Schuh, Tina L IR - Schuh TL FIR - Sculley, Jennifer A IR - Sculley JA FIR - Seifert, Alan C IR - Seifert AC FIR - Sekar, Anisha K IR - Sekar AK FIR - Selvarangan, Rangaraj IR - Selvarangan R FIR - Seshadri, Sudha IR - Seshadri S FIR - Sesso, Howard D IR - Sesso HD FIR - Shah, Dimpy P IR - Shah DP FIR - Shakti, Divya IR - Shakti D FIR - Shapiro, Nancy L IR - Shapiro NL FIR - Sharma, Suchetha IR - Sharma S FIR - Sharma, Kumar IR - Sharma K FIR - Sharma, Shubhi IR - Sharma S FIR - Sharma, Kavita IR - Sharma K FIR - Shaw, Gwendolyn IR - Shaw G FIR - Shemesh, Eyal IR - Shemesh E FIR - Shen, Yishan IR - Shen Y FIR - Shenkman, Elizabeth IR - Shenkman E FIR - Shiau, Stephanie IR - Shiau S FIR - Siciliano, Michelle IR - Siciliano M FIR - Simsir, Aylin IR - Simsir A FIR - Smith, Veronica E IR - Smith VE FIR - Snowden, Jessica N IR - Snowden JN FIR - Solomon, Isaac H IR - Solomon IH FIR - Spikes, Leslie A IR - Spikes LA FIR - Squeglia, Lindsay M IR - Squeglia LM FIR - Srivastava, Shubhika IR - Srivastava S FIR - St Jean, Mary L IR - St Jean ML FIR - Stapleford, Kenneth A IR - Stapleford KA FIR - Stein, Cheryl R IR - Stein CR FIR - Stevenson, Michelle D IR - Stevenson MD FIR - Stewart de Ramirez, Sarah A IR - Stewart de Ramirez SA FIR - Stiles, Lauren E IR - Stiles LE FIR - Stock, Aryeh IR - Stock A FIR - Stockwell, Melissa S IR - Stockwell MS FIR - Stone, James R IR - Stone JR FIR - Stratford, Jeran IR - Stratford J FIR - StYrmer, Til IR - StYrmer T FIR - Subbian, Vignesh IR - Subbian V FIR - Sun, Jun IR - Sun J FIR - Suthar, Mehul S IR - Suthar MS FIR - Sylvera, Ashley IR - Sylvera A FIR - Systrom, David M IR - Systrom DM FIR - Szmuszkovicz, Jacqueline IR - Szmuszkovicz J FIR - Talavera-Barber, Maria M IR - Talavera-Barber MM FIR - Tantisira, Kelan G IR - Tantisira KG FIR - Tartt, Nancy IR - Tartt N FIR - Terlinde, Tracy IR - Terlinde T FIR - Teufel, Ronald J IR - Teufel RJ FIR - Thacker, Deepika IR - Thacker D FIR - Thakrar, Mansi IR - Thakrar M FIR - Thibodeau, Stephen N IR - Thibodeau SN FIR - Thomas, Gelise L IR - Thomas GL FIR - Thomason, Moriah E IR - Thomason ME FIR - Tong, Jiayi IR - Tong J FIR - Torres, Robert IR - Torres R FIR - Traenkner, Jessica IR - Traenkner J FIR - Tragus, Robin IR - Tragus R FIR - Trinity, Joel D IR - Trinity JD FIR - Tronieri, Jena S IR - Tronieri JS FIR - Troxel, Andrea B IR - Troxel AB FIR - Truong, Jennifer IR - Truong J FIR - Truong, Dongngan T IR - Truong DT FIR - Tsevat, Joel IR - Tsevat J FIR - Udosen, Mmekom M IR - Udosen MM FIR - Unterberger, Kristen IR - Unterberger K FIR - Utz, Paul J IR - Utz PJ FIR - Vaccarino, Viola IR - Vaccarino V FIR - Vallejos, Brittany B IR - Vallejos BB FIR - Vanden Hoek, Terry L IR - Vanden Hoek TL FIR - Vangeepuram, Nita IR - Vangeepuram N FIR - Varma, Jay K IR - Varma JK FIR - Vernon, Suzanne D IR - Vernon SD FIR - Vidal, Crystal M IR - Vidal CM FIR - Vivensi, Sara IR - Vivensi S FIR - Vohra, Adam S IR - Vohra AS FIR - Wagner, Laura K IR - Wagner LK FIR - Wang, Fei IR - Wang F FIR - Warburton, David IR - Warburton D FIR - Warner, Megan R IR - Warner MR FIR - Watkins, Rebecca L IR - Watkins RL FIR - Watson, Sara E IR - Watson SE FIR - Webb, Ryan IR - Webb R FIR - Weeks, Ryan M IR - Weeks RM FIR - Weiner, Mark G IR - Weiner MG FIR - Werzberger, Alan IR - Werzberger A FIR - West, Shelby C IR - West SC FIR - Weyer, Jordan C IR - Weyer JC FIR - Wheeler, Jennifer L IR - Wheeler JL FIR - Wilkins, Kenneth J IR - Wilkins KJ FIR - Williams, Natasha J IR - Williams NJ FIR - Williams, Charles T IR - Williams CT FIR - Wimberly, Erika S IR - Wimberly ES FIR - Winter, Terra J IR - Winter TJ FIR - Woller, Scott C IR - Woller SC FIR - Wong, Rachel IR - Wong R FIR - Wood, Jeremy P IR - Wood JP FIR - Wood, John C IR - Wood JC FIR - Wood, Marion J J IR - Wood MJJ FIR - Wu, Qiong IR - Wu Q FIR - Xia, Yinglin IR - Xia Y FIR - Xu, Jie IR - Xu J FIR - Yang, Samuel IR - Yang S FIR - Yin, H S IR - Yin HS FIR - Yin, Hsiang S IR - Yin HS FIR - Yoo, Yun Jae IR - Yoo YJ FIR - Young, Chloe E IR - Young CE FIR - Young, Natalie M IR - Young NM FIR - Zang, Chengxi IR - Zang C FIR - Zempsky, William T IR - Zempsky WT FIR - Zhang, Bingyu IR - Zhang B FIR - Zhang, Yongkang IR - Zhang Y FIR - Zhang, Dazheng IR - Zhang D FIR - Zimmerman, Emily IR - Zimmerman E FIR - Andrefsky, John IR - Andrefsky J FIR - Marrazzo, Jeanne M IR - Marrazzo JM FIR - Dixon, Jennifer IR - Dixon J FIR - Gale, Lisa IR - Gale L FIR - Maholovich, Phoebe IR - Maholovich P FIR - Sudhindra, Praveen IR - Sudhindra P FIR - Thompson, Tiffany IR - Thompson T FIR - Sheehan, Elyce IR - Sheehan E FIR - Parada, Alisha IR - Parada A FIR - Knowlton, Kiirk IR - Knowlton K FIR - Anderson, Jeffrey L IR - Anderson JL FIR - McIntyre, Marjorie IR - McIntyre M FIR - McCandless, Sean IR - McCandless S FIR - Montoya, Sarah IR - Montoya S FIR - Davis, Debra IR - Davis D FIR - Spanier, Eric IR - Spanier E FIR - Wodushek, Thomas IR - Wodushek T FIR - Sokol, Ron IR - Sokol R FIR - Maldonado, Yvonne IR - Maldonado Y FIR - Jacobson, Karen IR - Jacobson K FIR - Yang, Samuel IR - Yang S FIR - Jia, Xiaolin Kathleen IR - Jia XK FIR - Scott, Jake IR - Scott J FIR - Quintero, Orlando IR - Quintero O FIR - Haddad, Francois IR - Haddad F FIR - Valantine, Hannah IR - Valantine H FIR - Zamanian, Roham IR - Zamanian R FIR - Pathak, Divya IR - Pathak D FIR - Boyce, Jeanette IR - Boyce J FIR - Facco, Francesca IR - Facco F FIR - Hankle, Sarah IR - Hankle S FIR - Vargo, John A IR - Vargo JA FIR - Campbell, Donna IR - Campbell D FIR - Armstrong, Donna IR - Armstrong D FIR - Mann, Madison IR - Mann M FIR - Burrell, Nicole IR - Burrell N FIR - Bartholomew, Anna IR - Bartholomew A FIR - Grobman, William A IR - Grobman WA FIR - Cackovic, Barbara IR - Cackovic B FIR - Klopfenstein, Baylee IR - Klopfenstein B FIR - Weigand, Samantha IR - Weigand S FIR - Snow, E Kaye IR - Snow EK FIR - Fennig, Kathleen IR - Fennig K FIR - Esplin, M Sean IR - Esplin MS FIR - Lamb, Denise IR - Lamb D FIR - Nelsen, Amanda IR - Nelsen A FIR - Phipers, Jocelyn IR - Phipers J FIR - Fischer, Lauren IR - Fischer L FIR - Docter, Olivia IR - Docter O FIR - Brown, Jeanette IR - Brown J FIR - DeMartino, Angelica IR - DeMartino A FIR - Allard, Donna IR - Allard D FIR - Miller, Emily IR - Miller E FIR - Bousleiman, Sabine Z IR - Bousleiman SZ FIR - Loffredo, Megan M IR - Loffredo MM FIR - Vanneman, Ashley IR - Vanneman A FIR - Beche, Imene IR - Beche I FIR - Chan-Akeley, Rosalyn IR - Chan-Akeley R FIR - Pacheco, Luis D IR - Pacheco LD FIR - DeVolder, Jennfier D IR - DeVolder JD FIR - Salazar, Ashley IR - Salazar A FIR - Thibodeaux, Lisa IR - Thibodeaux L FIR - Cornwell, Jennifer IR - Cornwell J FIR - Nounes, Amelia A IR - Nounes AA FIR - Sweet, Eugenia IR - Sweet E FIR - Pierse, Abigail IR - Pierse A FIR - Desantis, Brittany IR - Desantis B FIR - Gill-Jones, Parmjit IR - Gill-Jones P FIR - Hackney, David N IR - Hackney DN FIR - Chauhan, Suneet P IR - Chauhan SP FIR - Ortiz, Felecia IR - Ortiz F FIR - Treadway, Jenifer IR - Treadway J FIR - Rugerio, Juanita IR - Rugerio J FIR - Clark, Kelly IR - Clark K FIR - Leatherland, Molly IR - Leatherland M FIR - Timlin, Sally IR - Timlin S FIR - Grinnan, Chelsea IR - Grinnan C FIR - Ferrara, Jennifer IR - Ferrara J FIR - Kominiarek, Michelle IR - Kominiarek M FIR - Jones, Dequana IR - Jones D FIR - Reynolds, Trista IR - Reynolds T FIR - Kearns, Katherine M IR - Kearns KM FIR - Saffian, Eleanor IR - Saffian E FIR - Karasti, Mariana IR - Karasti M FIR - Pizzi, Chrsitinia IR - Pizzi C FIR - Filipczak, Anna IR - Filipczak A FIR - Long, Emily IR - Long E FIR - Mitchell, Megan IR - Mitchell M FIR - Barrett, Katia J IR - Barrett KJ FIR - Mullowney, Celia IR - Mullowney C FIR - Macones, George A IR - Macones GA EDAT- 2023/06/06 13:09 MHDA- 2023/06/16 06:42 PMCR- 2023/11/25 CRDT- 2023/06/06 11:32 PHST- 2023/06/16 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/06 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/06 11:32 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2805540 [pii] AID - joi230062 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jama.2023.8823 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA. 2023 Jun 13;329(22):1934-1946. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.8823. PMID- 37261310 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230604 IS - 2055-1029 (Print) IS - 2055-1029 (Electronic) IS - 2055-1029 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan-Jun TI - Do cognition and emotion matter? A study of COVID-19 vaccination decision-making in college students. PG - 20551029231179163 LID - 10.1177/20551029231179163 [doi] LID - 20551029231179163 AB - The unparalleled speed of COVID-19 vaccine development has necessitated an expansion of existing knowledge on vaccination decision-making. The current study explored (1) how cognitions and emotions shaped college students' COVID-19 vaccination decisions, and (2) where vaccination-inclined and vaccination-hesitant students converged and diverged in their decision-making process. Seventy-seven students participated in 26 focus groups to discuss their complex thoughts and feelings regarding COVID-19 vaccination, offering a more nuanced understanding of COVID-19 vaccination decision-making that has not been fully captured by quantitative studies. Thematic analysis found that vaccination-inclined participants and their hesitant counterparts reported differential patterns of positive and negative emotions, systematic appraisals, and heuristics in decision-making. Future research should investigate the roles of hope and relief, non-health-related benefits of vaccination, social trust, and interpersonal influence in vaccination decision-making. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2023. FAU - Chen, Nien-Tsu Nancy AU - Chen NN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8814-2115 AD - Department of Communication, , Camarillo, CA, USACalifornia State University Channel Islands. RINGGOLD: 14703 FAU - Kee, Kimmy AU - Kee K AD - Department of Psychology, , Camarillo, CA, USACalifornia State University Channel Islands. RINGGOLD: 14703 FAU - Villalobos, Bianca T AU - Villalobos BT AD - Department of Psychological Science, , Edinburg, TX, USAUniversity of Texas Rio Grande Valley. FAU - Ortiz, Miriam AU - Ortiz M AD - Department of Psychological Science, , Edinburg, TX, USAUniversity of Texas Rio Grande Valley. FAU - Lee, HyeSun AU - Lee H AD - Department of Psychology, , Camarillo, CA, USACalifornia State University Channel Islands. RINGGOLD: 14703 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230530 PL - England TA - Health Psychol Open JT - Health psychology open JID - 101642883 PMC - PMC10227488 OTO - NOTNLM OT - affect OT - beliefs OT - cognitive processing OT - emotions OT - health behaviour OT - health promotion OT - public health psychology OT - qualitative methods OT - theory of planned behaviour COIS- The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2023/06/01 13:09 MHDA- 2023/06/01 13:10 PMCR- 2023/05/30 CRDT- 2023/06/01 10:39 PHST- 2023/06/01 13:10 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/01 13:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/01 10:39 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_20551029231179163 [pii] AID - 10.1177/20551029231179163 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Psychol Open. 2023 May 30;10(1):20551029231179163. doi: 10.1177/20551029231179163. eCollection 2023 Jan-Jun. PMID- 37253487 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230601 LR - 20230620 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 5 DP - 2023 May 30 TI - Immunogenicity and safety of mixed COVID-19 vaccine regimens in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a single-centre prospective cohort study. PG - e071397 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071397 [doi] LID - e071397 AB - OBJECTIVE: Among persons with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, we compared postvaccine antibody responses and IMID disease activity/states. DESIGN: Single-centre prospective cohort study. SETTING: Specialty ambulatory clinics in central Canada. PARTICIPANTS: People with inflammatory arthritis (n=78; 77% rheumatoid arthritis), systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (n=84; 57% lupus), inflammatory bowel disease (n=93; 43% Crohn's) and multiple sclerosis (n=72; 71% relapsing-remitting) (female 79.4%, white 84.7%, mean (SD) age 56.0 (14.3) years) received COVID-19 vaccinations between March 2021 and September 2022. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Postvaccination anti-spike, anti-receptor binding domain (anti-RBD) and anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) IgG antibodies tested by multiplex immunoassays compared across vaccine regimens and with responses in 370 age-matched and sex-matched vaccinated controls. SECONDARY OUTCOMES: COVID-19 infection and self-reported IMID disease activity/state. RESULTS: Most (216/327, 66.1%) received homologous messenger RNA (mRNA) (BNT162b2 or mRNA1273) vaccines, 2.4% received homologous ChAdOx1 and 30.6% received heterologous vaccines (23.9% ChAdOx1/mRNA, 6.4% heterologous mRNA) for their first two vaccines (V1, V2). Seroconversion rates were 52.0% (91/175) for post-V1 anti-spike and 58.9% (103/175) for anti-RBD; 91.5% (214/234) for post-V2 anti-spike and 90.2% (211/234) for anti-RBD; and were lower than controls (post-V2 anti-spike 98.1% (360/370), p<0.0001). Antibody titres decreased 3 months after V2 but increased 1 month after the third vaccine (V3) and 1 month after the fourth vaccine (V4) (BAU/mL median (IQR), anti-spike 1835 (2448) 1 month post-V2, 629.1 (883.4) 3 months post-V2, 4757.5 (7033.1) 1 month post-V3 and 4356.0 (9393.4) 1 month post-V4; anti-RBD 1686.8 (2199.44) 1 month post-V2, 555.8 (809.3) 3 months post-V2, 4280.3 (6380.6) 1 month post-V3 and 4792.2 (11 673.78) 1 month post-V4). If primed with a vector vaccine, an mRNA vaccine increased antibody titres to those comparable to homologous mRNA vaccines. Anti-RBD and anti-spike titres were higher in anti-NC seropositive (n=31; 25 participants) versus seronegative samples (BAU/mL median (IQR) anti-RBD 11 755.3 (20 373.1) vs 1248.0 (53 278.7); anti-spike 11 254.4 (15 352.6) vs 1313.1 (3106.6); both p<0.001). IMID disease activity/state and rates of self-reported moderate or severe IMID flare were similar across vaccinations. CONCLUSION: Heterologous COVID-19 vaccination improves seroconversion rates following a vector vaccine and does not lead to IMID disease flare. IMIDs benefit from at least three vaccines. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Hitchon, Carol A AU - Hitchon CA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5547-3268 AD - Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada carol.hitchon@umanitoba.ca. FAU - Mesa, Christine AU - Mesa C AD - National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. FAU - Bernstein, Charles N AU - Bernstein CN AD - Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. FAU - Marrie, Ruth Ann AU - Marrie RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1855-5595 AD - Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. AD - Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. FAU - Card, Catherine AU - Card C AD - National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. AD - Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. FAU - O'Brien, Sheila F AU - O'Brien SF AD - Epidemiology and Surveillance, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Kim, John AU - Kim J AD - National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230530 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Immunomodulating Agents) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - Immunomodulating Agents MH - Prospective Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Arthritis, Rheumatoid MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC10230332 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - GASTROENTEROLOGY OT - IMMUNOLOGY OT - NEUROLOGY OT - RHEUMATOLOGY COIS- Competing interests: CAH: unrelated grant funding from Pfizer; advisory board for AstraZeneca Canada for unrelated product; unrelated research funds from Research Manitoba, Health Science Center Foundation and International League of Associations for Rheumatology; and unrelated educational funds from the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. RAM: receives research funding from CIHR, Research Manitoba, Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada, Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Foundation, Crohn's and Colitis Canada, National Multiple Sclerosis Society, CMSC, Arthritis Society, Brain Canada, and US Department of Defense; coinvestigator on a study funded in part by Biogen Idec and Roche Canada; and supported by the Waugh Family Chair in Multiple Sclerosis. CNB: supported by the Bingham Chair in Gastroenterology; has served on advisory boards for AbbVie Canada, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Roche Canada, Janssen Canada, Sandoz Canada, Takeda Canada and Pfizer Canada; consultant for Mylan Pharmaceuticals and Takeda; educational grants from AbbVie Canada, Pfizer Canada, Takeda Canada and Janssen Canada; speaker's panel for AbbVie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada and Takeda Canada; and received research funding from AbbVie Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Sandoz Canada and Pfizer Canada. CC: receives grant funding from PHAC and CITF through internal research funding streams at PHAC. JK: receives grant funding from PHAC through internal research funding streams at PHAC. EDAT- 2023/05/31 01:09 MHDA- 2023/06/01 06:42 PMCR- 2023/05/30 CRDT- 2023/05/30 20:33 PHST- 2023/06/01 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/31 01:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/30 20:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2022-071397 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071397 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2023 May 30;13(5):e071397. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071397. PMID- 37243259 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230530 LR - 20250626 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 5 DP - 2023 May 15 TI - How Does Long-COVID Impact Prognosis and the Long-Term Sequelae? LID - 10.3390/v15051173 [doi] LID - 1173 AB - CONTEXT: We reviewed what has been studied and published during the last 3 years about the consequences, mainly respiratory, cardiac, digestive, and neurological/psychiatric (organic and functional), in patients with COVID-19 of prolonged course. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a narrative review synthesizing current clinical evidence of abnormalities of signs, symptoms, and complementary studies in COVID-19 patients who presented a prolonged and complicated course. METHODS: A review of the literature focused on the involvement of the main organic functions mentioned, based almost exclusively on the systematic search of publications written in English available on PubMed/MEDLINE. RESULTS: Long-term respiratory, cardiac, digestive, and neurological/psychiatric dysfunction are present in a significant number of patients. Lung involvement is the most common; cardiovascular involvement may happen with or without symptoms or clinical abnormalities; gastrointestinal compromise includes the loss of appetite, nausea, gastroesophageal reflux, diarrhea, etc.; and neurological/psychiatric compromise can produce a wide variety of signs and symptoms, either organic or functional. Vaccination is not associated with the emergence of long-COVID, but it may happen in vaccinated people. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of illness increases the risk of long-COVID. Pulmonary sequelae, cardiomyopathy, the detection of ribonucleic acid in the gastrointestinal tract, and headaches and cognitive impairment may become refractory in severely ill COVID-19 patients. FAU - Baroni, Carolina AU - Baroni C AD - Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases Division, Hospital de Clinicas, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1120 AAF, Argentina. FAU - Potito, Jorge AU - Potito J AD - Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases Division, Hospital de Clinicas, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1120 AAF, Argentina. FAU - Perticone, Maria Eugenia AU - Perticone ME AD - Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases Division, Hospital de Clinicas, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1120 AAF, Argentina. FAU - Orausclio, Paola AU - Orausclio P AD - Department of Radiology, Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires C1035 ABC, Argentina. FAU - Luna, Carlos Marcelo AU - Luna CM AD - Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases Division, Hospital de Clinicas, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1120 AAF, Argentina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20230515 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Diarrhea MH - Disease Progression MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Prognosis MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC10222218 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - long-COVID OT - long-term OT - prognosis OT - sequelae COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/05/27 09:42 MHDA- 2023/05/29 06:42 PMCR- 2023/05/15 CRDT- 2023/05/27 01:33 PHST- 2023/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/05/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/29 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/27 09:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/27 01:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15051173 [pii] AID - viruses-15-01173 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v15051173 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2023 May 15;15(5):1173. doi: 10.3390/v15051173. PMID- 37231308 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230619 LR - 20230619 IS - 1432-1041 (Electronic) IS - 0031-6970 (Print) IS - 0031-6970 (Linking) VI - 79 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Jul TI - Seronegative acute encephalitis following COVID-19 vaccines: a case series of an overlooked diagnosis with literature review. PG - 975-987 LID - 10.1007/s00228-023-03510-7 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Autoimmune encephalitis is a neurological emergency of new-onset altered mental status, caused by an exaggerated immune-mediated response that targets the central nervous system. Autoimmune encephalitis has become an emerging differential diagnosis, when a classical infection cannot explain neurological symptoms. Displaying overlapping clinical presentations, ranging from the insidious onset of cognitive deficiency to more severe forms of encephalopathy with refractory seizures, autoimmune encephalitis can be challenging for clinicians. When evidence of malignancy is absent and pathogenic autoantibodies are undetected, with typical clinical and imaging features of autoimmune encephalitis, seronegative autoimmune encephalitis may be considered. Recently, vaccination-related autoimmune encephalitis and acute encephalitis after COVID-19 vaccination have attracted attention. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report a case series consisting of three patients with autoimmune encephalitis occurring shortly after COVID-19 vaccination and a current review of all previous reported autoimmune encephalitis related to COVID-19 vaccines. CONCLUSION: We emphasise on the prompt diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis induced by Covid-19 vaccines and its timely treatment to improve the clinical outcome of this severe neurological condition. Post-licencing vaccine safety surveillance for potential adverse events is essential for vaccine safety and public confidence. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Mansour, Khadija AU - Mansour K AD - Department of Pharmacology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. khadija.mansour2@gmail.com. FAU - Chadli, Zohra AU - Chadli Z AD - Department of Pharmacology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Ghachem, Ichrak AU - Ghachem I AD - Department of Neurology, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia. FAU - Fredj, Nadia Ben AU - Fredj NB AD - Department of Pharmacology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Romdhane, Haifa Ben AU - Romdhane HB AD - Department of Pharmacology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Fadhel, Najah Ben AU - Fadhel NB AD - Department of Pharmacology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Boughatas, Naceurs AU - Boughatas N AD - Department of Pharmacology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Aouam, Karim AU - Aouam K AD - Department of Pharmacology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Chaabane, Amel AU - Chaabane A AD - Department of Pharmacology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. FAU - Younes, Samia AU - Younes S AD - Department of Neurology, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230526 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Clin Pharmacol JT - European journal of clinical pharmacology JID - 1256165 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - Hashimoto's encephalitis SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System MH - Hashimoto Disease MH - Humans MH - COVID-19 Testing MH - *Encephalitis/diagnosis/etiology PMC - PMC10212735 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adverse drug reaction OT - Autoimmune encephalitis OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Neuroinflammation OT - Neurological complications COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/05/26 01:05 MHDA- 2023/06/19 13:08 PMCR- 2023/05/26 CRDT- 2023/05/25 23:34 PHST- 2023/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/19 13:08 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/26 01:05 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/25 23:34 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00228-023-03510-7 [pii] AID - 3510 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00228-023-03510-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2023 Jul;79(7):975-987. doi: 10.1007/s00228-023-03510-7. Epub 2023 May 26. PMID- 37215146 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230524 LR - 20230524 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Detection of specific RBD(+) IgG(+) memory B cells by flow cytometry in healthcare workers and patients with inborn errors of immunity after BNT162b2 m RNA COVID-19 vaccination. PG - 1136308 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1136308 [doi] LID - 1136308 AB - INTRODUCTION: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by intrinsic defects of the immune system. Estimating the immune competence of immunocompromised patients for an infection risk assessment or after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination constituted a challenge. METHODS: The aim of this study was to determine the humoral responses of patients with IEI through a comprehensive analysis of specific receptor-binding domain-positive (RBD+) IgG+ memory B cells (MBCs) by flow cytometry, together with routine S-specific IgG antibodies and QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 (T-cell response), before the vaccine and 3 weeks after a second dose. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: We first analyzed the percentage of specific RBD+ IgG+ MBCs in healthy healthcare workers. Within the control group, there was an increase in the percentage of specific IgG+ RBD+ MBCs 21 days after the second dose, which was consistent with S-specific IgG antibodies.Thirty-one patients with IEI were included for the pre- and post-vaccination study; IgG+ RBD+ MBCs were not evaluated in 6 patients due to an absence of B cells in peripheral blood. We detected various patterns among the patients with IEI with circulating B cells (25, 81%): an adequate humoral response was observed in 12/25, consider by the detection of positive S-specific IgG antibodies and the presence of specific IgG+ RBD+ MBCs, presenting a positive T-cell response; in 4/25, very low S-specific IgG antibody counts correlated with undetectable events in the IgG+ RBD+ MBC compartment but with positive cellular response. Despite the presence of S-specific IgG antibodies, we were unable to detect a relevant percentage of IgG+ RBD+ MBCs in 5/25; however, all presented positive T-cell response. Lastly, we observed a profound failure of B and T-cell response in 3 (10%) patients with IEI, with no assessment of S-specific IgG antibodies, IgG+ RBD+ MBCs, and negative cellular response. The identification of specific IgG+ RBD+ MBCs by flow cytometry provides information on different humoral immune response outcomes in patients with IEI and aids the assessment of immune competence status after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2), together with S-specific IgG antibodies and T-cell responses. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 del Pino Molina, Bravo Gallego, Nozal, Soto-Serrano, Martinez-Feito, Reche-Yebra, Gonzalez-Torbay, Cuesta-Martin de la Camara, Gianelli, Camara, Gonzalez-Garcia, Gonzalez-Munoz, Rodriguez-Pena and Lopez Granados. FAU - Del Pino Molina, Lucia AU - Del Pino Molina L AD - Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. AD - Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Bravo Gallego, Luz Yadira AU - Bravo Gallego LY AD - Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. AD - Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Nozal, Pilar AU - Nozal P AD - Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. AD - Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U754), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. AD - Complement Research Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Soto-Serrano, Yolanda AU - Soto-Serrano Y AD - Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Feito, Ana AU - Martinez-Feito A AD - Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. AD - Immuno-Rheumatology Research Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Reche-Yebra, Keren AU - Reche-Yebra K AD - Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Torbay, Andrea AU - Gonzalez-Torbay A AD - Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Cuesta-Martin de la Camara, Ricardo AU - Cuesta-Martin de la Camara R AD - Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gianelli, Carla AU - Gianelli C AD - Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. AD - Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Camara, Carmen AU - Camara C AD - Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. AD - Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Garcia, J AU - Gonzalez-Garcia J AD - HIV Unit, Internal Medicine Department, La Paz University Hospital, AIDS and Infectious Diseases Group, Center for Biomedical Network Research on Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC CB21/13/00039), La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Munoz, Miguel AU - Gonzalez-Munoz M AD - Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Rodriguez-Pena, Rebeca AU - Rodriguez-Pena R AD - Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. AD - Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. AD - Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lopez Granados, Eduardo AU - Lopez Granados E AD - Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. AD - Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. AD - Clinical Immunology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230504 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Memory B Cells MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - Flow Cytometry MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Health Personnel MH - Immunoglobulin G PMC - PMC10192857 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - SARS - CoV - 2 OT - humoral and cellular response OT - inborn errors of immunity (IEI) OT - memory B cells (MBCs) OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/05/22 19:11 MHDA- 2023/05/24 06:42 PMCR- 2023/05/04 CRDT- 2023/05/22 12:21 PHST- 2023/01/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/24 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/22 19:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/22 12:21 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1136308 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 May 4;14:1136308. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1136308. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37212205 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231023 LR - 20231024 IS - 1440-1711 (Electronic) IS - 0818-9641 (Linking) VI - 101 IP - 7 DP - 2023 Aug TI - SARS-CoV-2 clearance after breakthrough infection correlates with fit and happy T cells. PG - 587-589 LID - 10.1111/imcb.12654 [doi] AB - Koutsakos et al. have recently published an article showing that SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection results in robust naive and memory T cell activation, and the activity of CD8 T cells strongly correlates with viral clearance. CI - (c) 2023 the Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology, Inc. FAU - Veldhoen, Marc AU - Veldhoen M AD - Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Joao Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Bertoletti, Antonio AU - Bertoletti A AD - Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230522 PL - United States TA - Immunol Cell Biol JT - Immunology and cell biology JID - 8706300 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM EIN - Immunol Cell Biol. 2023 Aug;101(7):672. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12667. PMID: 37401266 MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - *COVID-19 MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Antibodies, Viral OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 clearance OT - robust naive and memory T cells OT - viral clearance EDAT- 2023/05/22 06:42 MHDA- 2023/10/23 12:43 CRDT- 2023/05/22 05:43 PHST- 2023/10/23 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/22 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/22 05:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/imcb.12654 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunol Cell Biol. 2023 Aug;101(7):587-589. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12654. Epub 2023 May 22. PMID- 37187756 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230517 LR - 20260927 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Long COVID brain fog and muscle pain are associated with longer time to clearance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from the upper respiratory tract during acute infection. PG - 1147549 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147549 [doi] LID - 1147549 AB - INTRODUCTION: The incidence of long COVID is substantial, even in people with mild to moderate acute COVID-19. The role of early viral kinetics in the subsequent development of long COVID is largely unknown, especially in individuals who were not hospitalized for acute COVID-19. METHODS: Seventy-three non-hospitalized adult participants were enrolled within approximately 48 hours of their first positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test, and mid-turbinate nasal and saliva samples were collected up to 9 times within the first 45 days after enrollment. Samples were assayed for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR and additional SARS-CoV-2 test results were abstracted from the clinical record. Each participant indicated the presence and severity of 49 long COVID symptoms at 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 18-months post-COVID-19 diagnosis. Time from acute COVID-19 illness onset to SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance greater or less than 28 days was tested for association with the presence or absence of each of 49 long COVID symptoms at 90+ days from acute COVID-19 symptom onset. RESULTS: Self-reported brain fog and muscle pain at 90+ days after acute COVID-19 onset were negatively associated with viral RNA clearance within 28 days of acute COVID-19 onset with adjustment for age, sex, BMI >/= 25, and COVID vaccination status prior to COVID-19 (brain fog: aRR 0.46, 95% CI 0.22-0.95; muscle pain: aRR 0.28, 95% CI 0.08-0.94). Participants reporting higher severity brain fog or muscle pain at 90+ days after acute COVID-19 onset were less likely to have cleared SARS-CoV-2 RNA within 28 days. The acute viral RNA decay trajectories of participants who did and did not later go on to experience brain fog 90+ days after acute COVID-19 onset were distinct. DISCUSSION: This work indicates that at least two long COVID symptoms - brain fog and muscle pain - at 90+ days from acute COVID-19 onset are specifically associated with prolonged time to clearance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from the upper respiratory tract during acute COVID-19. This finding provides evidence that delayed immune clearance of SARS-CoV-2 antigen or greater amount or duration of viral antigen burden in the upper respiratory tract during acute COVID-19 are directly linked to long COVID. This work suggests that host-pathogen interactions during the first few weeks after acute COVID-19 onset have an impact on long COVID risk months later. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Antar, Yu, Demko, Hu, Tornheim, Blair, Thomas and Manabe. FAU - Antar, Annukka A R AU - Antar AAR AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Yu, Tong AU - Yu T AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Demko, Zoe O AU - Demko ZO AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Hu, Chen AU - Hu C AD - Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Tornheim, Jeffrey A AU - Tornheim JA AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Blair, Paul W AU - Blair PW AD - Austere environments Consortium for Enhanced Sepsis Outcomes (ACESO), Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Thomas, David L AU - Thomas DL AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. FAU - Manabe, Yukari C AU - Manabe YC AD - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. LA - eng GR - K08 AI143391/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 AI135102/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230428 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (RNA, Viral) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2023 Jan 19:2023.01.18.23284742. doi: 10.1101/2023.01.18.23284742. PMID: 36711478 MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - RNA, Viral/genetics MH - COVID-19 Testing MH - Myalgia MH - Respiratory System MH - Brain PMC - PMC10176965 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - brain fog OT - cognitive dysfunction OT - long COVID OT - pain OT - post-acute COVID-19 syndrome OT - post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - reservoir COIS- Author PB was employed by Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. YM has received research grant support through Johns Hopkins University from Hologic, Cepheid, Roche, ChemBio, Becton Dickinson, and miDiagnostics and has provided consultative support to Abbott. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/05/16 01:09 MHDA- 2023/05/17 06:42 PMCR- 2023/04/28 CRDT- 2023/05/15 19:30 PHST- 2023/01/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/17 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/16 01:09 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/15 19:30 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147549 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Apr 28;14:1147549. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147549. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37185852 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230517 LR - 20230622 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 95 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Apr TI - Dynamic immunogenicity after primary and booster inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people living with HIV: A longitudinal observational study. PG - e28730 LID - 10.1002/jmv.28730 [doi] AB - People living with HIV (PLWH) have poor outcomes from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); vaccination reduces the associated mortality. The humoral immune response dynamics after booster inactivated vaccinations in PLWH remain unclear. In this longitudinal observational study, 100 PLWH after primary inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were consecutively recruited and followed up. After booster vaccination (BV), neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) were detected at 1 month from all the PLWH, and the titer increased sixfold compared to that associated with the primary vaccination (PV), similar to that in healthy controls after BV. The NAbs titer declined over time after BV, but remained higher at 6 months than after PV. The NAbs response was elevated after BV with CD4 count <200 cells/muL, it was the poorest among the different CD4 cell count subgroups. Similar results were observed for anti-RBD-IgG responses. Moreover, RBD-specific MBCs were significantly elevated after BV in PLWH. No serious AEs were observed after BV in PLWH. In conclusion, booster inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is well tolerated and can elicit robust and durable humoral responses in PLWH. PLWH may benefit from a third dose of the inactivated vaccine. CI - (c) 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Lu, Ting AU - Lu T AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - The People's Hospital of Tongliang District, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Zhiwei AU - Chen Z AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Cao, Yu AU - Cao Y AD - The People's Hospital of Tongliang District, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ao, Ling AU - Ao L AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Zisheng AU - Li Z AD - The People's Hospital of Tongliang District, Chongqing, China. FAU - Gu, Xiaoyi AU - Gu X AD - The People's Hospital of Tongliang District, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ren, Xingqian AU - Ren X AD - The People's Hospital of Tongliang District, Chongqing, China. FAU - Wang, Yixuan AU - Wang Y AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Gaoli AU - Zhang G AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Xiang, Dejuan AU - Xiang D AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Min AU - Chen M AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Cai, Dachuan AU - Cai D AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Hu, Peng AU - Hu P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8481-0841 AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Dazhi AU - Zhang D AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Peng, Mingli AU - Peng M AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Shi, Xiaofeng AU - Shi X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0357-6967 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ren, Hong AU - Ren H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4557-0918 AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Vaccination MH - *HIV Infections MH - Antibodies, Viral OTO - NOTNLM OT - HIV OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - immunogenicity OT - inactivated vaccines OT - memory B cells EDAT- 2023/05/15 19:12 MHDA- 2023/05/17 06:42 CRDT- 2023/05/15 13:51 PHST- 2023/03/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/17 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/15 19:12 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/15 13:51 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jmv.28730 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2023 Apr;95(4):e28730. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28730. PMID- 37179389 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241114 IS - 2059-0105 (Electronic) IS - 2059-0105 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 1 DP - 2023 May 13 TI - Intranasal COVID-19 vaccine induces respiratory memory T cells and protects K18-hACE mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection. PG - 68 LID - 10.1038/s41541-023-00665-3 [doi] LID - 68 AB - Current COVID-19 vaccines prevent severe disease, but do not induce mucosal immunity or prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2, especially with recent variants. Furthermore, serum antibody responses wane soon after immunization. We assessed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an experimental COVID-19 vaccine based on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike trimer formulated with a novel adjuvant LP-GMP, comprising TLR2 and STING agonists. We demonstrated that immunization of mice twice by the intranasal (i.n.) route or by heterologous intramuscular (i.m.) prime and i.n. boost with the Spike-LP-GMP vaccine generated potent Spike-specific IgG, IgA and tissue-resident memory (T(RM)) T cells in the lungs and nasal mucosa that persisted for at least 3 months. Furthermore, Spike-LP-GMP vaccine delivered by i.n./i.n., i.m./i.n., or i.m./i.m. routes protected human ACE-2 transgenic mice against respiratory infection and COVID-19-like disease following lethal challenge with ancestral or Delta strains of SARS-CoV-2. Our findings underscore the potential for nasal vaccines in preventing infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogen. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Diallo, Bere K AU - Diallo BK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2655-6811 AD - Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Ni Chasaide, Caitlin AU - Ni Chasaide C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7016-2468 AD - Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Wong, Ting Y AU - Wong TY AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology and Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. FAU - Schmitt, Pauline AU - Schmitt P AD - Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Lee, Katherine S AU - Lee KS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2067-1405 AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology and Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. FAU - Weaver, Kelly AU - Weaver K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6954-2479 AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology and Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. FAU - Miller, Olivia AU - Miller O AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology and Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. FAU - Cooper, Melissa AU - Cooper M AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology and Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. FAU - Jazayeri, Seyed D AU - Jazayeri SD AD - Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Damron, F Heath AU - Damron FH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3140-402X AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology and Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. FAU - Mills, Kingston H G AU - Mills KHG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3646-8222 AD - Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. kingston.mills@tcd.ie. LA - eng GR - R01 AI137155/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI153250/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 20/SPP/3685/Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230513 PL - England TA - NPJ Vaccines JT - NPJ vaccines JID - 101699863 PMC - PMC10182552 COIS- Kingston Mills is an inventor on a patent application around a novel vaccine adjuvant and has collaborative research funding from and acts as consultant to Pharmaceutical and Biotech companies. Bere K. Diallo, Caitlin Ni Chasaide, Pauline Schmitt are inventors on a patent application around a novel vaccine adjuvant. The other authors have no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/05/14 01:07 MHDA- 2023/05/14 01:08 PMCR- 2023/05/13 CRDT- 2023/05/13 23:19 PHST- 2022/10/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/14 01:08 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/14 01:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/13 23:19 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41541-023-00665-3 [pii] AID - 665 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41541-023-00665-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - NPJ Vaccines. 2023 May 13;8(1):68. doi: 10.1038/s41541-023-00665-3. PMID- 37170283 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230515 IS - 1744-859X (Print) IS - 1744-859X (Electronic) IS - 1744-859X (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2023 May 11 TI - Long-term consequences of COVID-19 on mental health and the impact of a physically active lifestyle: a narrative review. PG - 19 LID - 10.1186/s12991-023-00448-z [doi] LID - 19 AB - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Respiratory viruses damage not only the upper respiratory tract in humans, but also several different organs such as the brain. Some of the neurological consequences of COVID-19 reported are anosmia, headache, stroke, declined cognitive function, and impaired mental health, among others. People who had COVID-19 have a higher risk of sequelae in the central nervous system (CNS). However, it is not known which are all possible sequelae and how long will last the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on behavioral patterns and quality of life. AIM: We intend to address the long-term impacts of COVID-19 on mental health and the relevance of physical exercise during the pandemic. METHODS: We conducted a literature search using PubMed to find the articles that were related to these themes. RESULTS: We found 23,489 papers initially, and then we applied the inclusion/exclusion criteria to narrow down our search to 3617 articles and selected 1380 eligible articles after a thorough reading of titles and abstracts. The findings indicated that COVID-19 impacted general mental health and led many not only hospitalized patients to develop cognitive decline, memory impairment, anxiety, sleep alterations, and depressive-like behavior. Furthermore, the fear of vaccines and their effects had negatively affected mental health and directly impacted mortality rates in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Preventive measures must be undertaken, such as the vaccination of the entire population, vaccination hesitancy discouragement by creating awareness among individuals, and people's engagement in a physically active lifestyle, since being physically active is a low-cost and effective measure to restore or inhibit the negative outcomes from COVID-19 on mental health. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Roever, Leonardo AU - Roever L AD - Department of Clinical Research, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil. leonardoroever@hotmail.com. FAU - Cavalcante, Bruno Raphael Ribeiro AU - Cavalcante BRR AD - Goncalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil. AD - Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil. FAU - Improta-Caria, Alex Cleber AU - Improta-Caria AC AD - Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230511 PL - England TA - Ann Gen Psychiatry JT - Annals of general psychiatry JID - 101236515 PMC - PMC10174610 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anxiety OT - Coronavirus OT - Depression OT - Memory OT - Physical activity OT - Physical exercise COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests. EDAT- 2023/05/12 01:07 MHDA- 2023/05/12 01:08 PMCR- 2023/05/11 CRDT- 2023/05/11 23:49 PHST- 2022/11/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/12 01:08 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/12 01:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/11 23:49 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12991-023-00448-z [pii] AID - 448 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12991-023-00448-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2023 May 11;22(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12991-023-00448-z. PMID- 37161995 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230511 LR - 20260127 IS - 1756-1833 (Electronic) IS - 0959-8138 (Print) IS - 0959-8138 (Linking) VI - 381 DP - 2023 Apr 25 TI - Molnupiravir and risk of post-acute sequelae of covid-19: cohort study. PG - e074572 LID - 10.1136/bmj-2022-074572 [doi] LID - e074572 AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine whether treatment with the antiviral agent molnupiravir during the first five days of SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with reduced risk of post-acute adverse health outcomes. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: US Department of Veterans Affairs. PARTICIPANTS: 229 286 participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 5 January 2022 and 15 January 2023, had at least one risk factor for progression to severe covid-19, and survived the first 30 days after testing positive were enrolled. 11 472 participants received a prescription for molnupiravir within five days of the positive test result and 217 814 received no covid-19 antiviral or antibody treatment (no treatment group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Risks of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC, defined based on a prespecified set of 13 post-acute sequelae), post-acute death, post-acute hospital admission, and each individual post-acute sequela between the molnupiravir group and no treatment group were examined after application of inverse probability weighting to balance the treatment and no treatment groups. Post-acute outcomes were ascertained from 30 days after the first SARS-CoV-2 positive test result until end of follow-up. Risks on the relative scale (relative risk or hazard ratio) and absolute scale (absolute risk reduction at 180 days) were estimated. RESULTS: Compared with no treatment, molnupiravir use within five days of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result was associated with reduced risk of PASC (relative risk 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.83 to 0.89); absolute risk reduction at 180 days 2.97% (95% confidence interval 2.31% to 3.60%)), post-acute death (hazard ratio 0.62 (0.52 to 0.74); 0.87% (0.62% to 1.13%)), and post-acute hospital admission (0.86 (0.80 to 0.93); 1.32% (0.72% to 1.92%)). Molnupiravir was associated with reduced risk of eight of the 13 post-acute sequelae: dysrhythmia, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, fatigue and malaise, liver disease, acute kidney injury, muscle pain, and neurocognitive impairment. Molnupiravir was also associated with reduced risk of PASC in people who had not received a covid-19 vaccine, had received at one or two vaccine doses, and had received a booster dose, and in people with primary SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection. CONCLUSIONS: In people with SARS-CoV-2 infection and at least one risk factor for progression to severe covid-19, compared with no treatment, molnupiravir use within five days of infection was associated with reduced risk of PASC in people who had not received a covid-19 vaccine, had received one or two vaccine doses, and had received a booster dose, and in those with primary SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection. Among people at high risk of progression to severe covid-19, molnupiravir use within five days of SARS-CoV-2 infection may be a viable approach to reduce the risk of PASC. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Xie, Yan AU - Xie Y AD - Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Development Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. AD - Veterans Research and Education Foundation of Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Choi, Taeyoung AU - Choi T AD - Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Development Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. AD - Veterans Research and Education Foundation of Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. FAU - Al-Aly, Ziyad AU - Al-Aly Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2600-0434 AD - Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Development Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA zalaly@gmail.com. AD - Veterans Research and Education Foundation of Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. AD - Nephrology Section, Medicine Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. AD - Institute for Public Health, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230425 PL - England TA - BMJ JT - BMJ (Clinical research ed.) JID - 8900488 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - YA84KI1VEW (molnupiravir) RN - 5CSZ8459RP (Cytidine) RN - 0 (Hydroxylamines) SB - IM MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Cohort Studies MH - Reinfection MH - Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use MH - Disease Progression MH - Cytidine/analogs & derivatives MH - Hydroxylamines PMC - PMC10126525 COIS- Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf and declare: support from the US Department of Veterans Affairs for the submitted work. ZAA reports receiving consultation fees from Gilead Sciences and receipt of funding (unrelated to this work) from Tonix pharmaceuticals. ZAA and YX reports consulting (uncompensated) for Pfizer; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2023/05/10 12:42 MHDA- 2023/05/11 06:42 PMCR- 2023/04/25 CRDT- 2023/05/10 07:33 PHST- 2023/05/11 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/10 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/10 07:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmj-2022-074572.R2 [pii] AID - xiey074572 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmj-2022-074572 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ. 2023 Apr 25;381:e074572. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-074572. PMID- 37148294 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230808 LR - 20260410 IS - 1460-2377 (Electronic) IS - 0953-8178 (Print) IS - 0953-8178 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 8 DP - 2023 Aug 7 TI - An update on studies characterizing adaptive immune responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination. PG - 353-359 LID - 10.1093/intimm/dxad014 [doi] AB - In this brief opinion piece, we highlight our studies characterizing adaptive SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in infection and vaccination, and the ability of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells to recognize emerging variants of concern, and the role of pre-existing cross-reactive T cells. In the context of the debate on correlates of protection, the pandemic's progression in the past 3 years underlined the need to consider how different adaptive immune responses might differentially contribute to protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection versus COVID-19 disease. Lastly, we discuss how cross-reactive T cell responses may be useful in generating a broad adaptive immunity, recognizing different variants and viral families. Considering vaccines with broadly conserved antigens could improve preparedness for future infectious disease outbreaks. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Society for Immunology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - da Silva Antunes, Ricardo AU - da Silva Antunes R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9785-5272 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Frazier, April AU - Frazier A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA. LA - eng GR - 75N93019C00065/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - England TA - Int Immunol JT - International immunology JID - 8916182 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Adaptive Immunity PMC - PMC10406159 OTO - NOTNLM OT - T cell OT - antibody responses OT - correlates of protection OT - pre-existing memory OT - variants EDAT- 2023/05/06 19:42 MHDA- 2023/08/08 06:42 PMCR- 2024/05/06 CRDT- 2023/05/06 14:47 PHST- 2023/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/08 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/06 19:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/06 14:47 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 7156413 [pii] AID - dxad014 [pii] AID - 10.1093/intimm/dxad014 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Immunol. 2023 Aug 7;35(8):353-359. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxad014. PMID- 37141019 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230508 LR - 20230508 IS - 1930-7810 (Electronic) IS - 0278-6133 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 5 DP - 2023 May TI - Effects of diagnosis threat on cognitive complaints after COVID-19. PG - 335-342 LID - 10.1037/hea0001286 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The term "long-COVID" refers to the persistence of neurological symptoms after being ill with COVID-19 (e.g., headaches, fatigue, and attentional impairment). Providing information about long-COVID (i.e., "diagnosis threat") increased subjective cognitive complaints among recovered COVID-19 patients compared with those exposed to neutral information (Winter & Braw, 2022). Notably, this effect was particularly prominent among more suggestible participants. Our aim in the current study was to validate these initial findings and to explore the impact of additional variables (e.g., suggestibility). METHOD: Recovered patients (n = 270) and controls (n = 290) reported daily cognitive failures after being randomly assigned to either a diagnosis threat (exposure to an article providing information regarding long-COVID) or a control condition. RESULTS: Recovered patients, but not controls, reported more cognitive failures in the diagnosis threat condition compared with the control condition. Diagnosis threat added significantly to the prediction of cognitive complaints based on relevant demographic variables and suggestibility. Diagnosis threat and suggestibility interacted (i.e., suggestible individuals were particularly vulnerable to the impact of a diagnosis threat). CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis threat may contribute to the persistence of complaints regarding cognitive impairment among recovered COVID-19 patients. Suggestibility may be an underlying mechanism that increases the impact of diagnosis threat. Other factors, such as vaccination status, may be at play though we are only at the initial stages of research concerning their impact. These may be the focus of future research, aiding in identifying risk factors for experiencing COVID-19 symptoms past the resolution of its acute phase. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved). FAU - Winter, Daniella AU - Winter D AD - Department of Psychology, Ariel University. FAU - Braw, Yoram AU - Braw Y AD - Department of Psychology, Ariel University. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Health Psychol JT - Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association JID - 8211523 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis/etiology MH - Forecasting MH - Cognition MH - Fatigue/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology MH - COVID-19 Testing EDAT- 2023/05/04 18:42 MHDA- 2023/05/08 06:42 CRDT- 2023/05/04 12:23 PHST- 2023/05/08 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/04 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/04 12:23 [entrez] AID - 2023-68974-004 [pii] AID - 10.1037/hea0001286 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Health Psychol. 2023 May;42(5):335-342. doi: 10.1037/hea0001286. PMID- 37140898 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230619 LR - 20240513 IS - 1557-8976 (Electronic) IS - 0882-8245 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 5 DP - 2023 Jun TI - Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-Specific B Cell Memory Responses in Infected and Vaccinated Individuals. PG - 343-350 LID - 10.1089/vim.2022.0197 [doi] AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), rapidly resulted in a pandemic constituting a global health emergency. As an indicator of long-term immune protection from reinfection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the presence of memory B cells (MBCs) should be evaluated. Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, several variants of concerns have been detected, including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1/B.1.1.28.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (BA.1) variants with several different mutations, causing serious concern regarding the increased frequency of reinfection, and limiting the effectiveness of the vaccine response. At this regard, we investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immune responses in four different cohorts: COVID-19, COVID-19 infected and vaccinated, vaccinated, and negative subjects. We found that MBC response to SARS-CoV-2 at more than 11 months postinfection was higher in the peripheral blood of all COVID-19 infected and vaccinated subjects respect to all the other groups. Moreover, to better characterize the differences of SARS-CoV-2 variants immune responses, we genotyped SARS-CoV-2-positive samples from the patients' cohort. We found a higher level of immunoglobulin M+ (IgM+) and IgG+ spike MBCs in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients (5-8 months after symptoms onset) infected with the SARS-CoV-2-Delta variant compared with the SARS-CoV-2-Omicron variant implying a higher immune memory response. Our findings showed that MBCs persist more than 11 months after primary infection indicating a different involvement of the immune system according to the different SARS-CoV-2 variant that infected the host. FAU - Fabiani, Marco AU - Fabiani M AD - Human Genetics Lab, Altamedica, Rome, Italy. FAU - Margiotti, Katia AU - Margiotti K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0432-1525 AD - Human Genetics Lab, Altamedica, Rome, Italy. FAU - Monaco, Francesca AU - Monaco F AD - Human Genetics Lab, Altamedica, Rome, Italy. FAU - Viola, Antonella AU - Viola A AD - Human Genetics Lab, Altamedica, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cima, Antonella AU - Cima A AD - Human Genetics Lab, Altamedica, Rome, Italy. FAU - Mesoraca, Alvaro AU - Mesoraca A AD - Human Genetics Lab, Altamedica, Rome, Italy. FAU - Giorlandino, Claudio AU - Giorlandino C AD - Human Genetics Lab, Altamedica, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, Altamedica, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230504 PL - United States TA - Viral Immunol JT - Viral immunology JID - 8801552 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - *COVID-19 MH - Memory B Cells MH - Pandemics MH - Reinfection MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics MH - Antibodies, Viral OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - memory B cells OT - variants of concern EDAT- 2023/05/04 12:41 MHDA- 2023/06/19 13:09 CRDT- 2023/05/04 11:33 PHST- 2023/06/19 13:09 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/04 12:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/04 11:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1089/vim.2022.0197 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Viral Immunol. 2023 Jun;36(5):343-350. doi: 10.1089/vim.2022.0197. Epub 2023 May 4. PMID- 37114058 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230501 LR - 20240917 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Non-spike and spike-specific memory T cell responses after the third dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. PG - 1139620 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139620 [doi] LID - 1139620 AB - BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 epidemic, vaccination has become the most safe and effective way to prevent severe illness and death. Inactivated vaccines are the most widely used type of COVID-19 vaccines in the world. In contrast to spike-based mRNA/protein COVID-19 vaccines, inactivated vaccines generate antibodies and T cell responses against both spike and non-spike antigens. However, the knowledge of inactivated vaccines in inducing non-spike-specific T cell response is very limited. METHODS: In this study, eighteen healthcare volunteers received a homogenous booster (third) dose of the CoronaVac vaccine at least 6 months after the second dose. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses against a peptide pool from wild-type (WT) non-spike proteins and spike peptide pools from WT, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 were examined before and 1-2 weeks after the booster dose. RESULTS: The booster dose elevated cytokine response in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells as well as expression of cytotoxic marker CD107a in CD8(+) T cells in response to non-spike and spike antigens. The frequencies of cytokine-secreting non-spike-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells correlated well with those of spike-specific from WT, Delta, and Omicron. Activation-induced markers (AIM) assay also revealed that booster vaccination elicited non-spike-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses. In addition, booster vaccination produced similar spike-specific AIM(+)CD4(+) and AIM(+)CD8(+) T cell responses to WT, Delta, and Omicron, indicting strong cross-reactivity of functional cellular response between WT and variants. Furthermore, booster vaccination induced effector memory phenotypes of spike-specific and non-spike-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the booster dose of inactive vaccines broadens both non-spike-specific and spike-specific T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Huang, Ying, Wang, Xia, Zhang, Mao, Zhang, Zang, Le, Shu and Xu. FAU - Huang, Ruoqiong AU - Huang R AD - Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Ying, Liyang AU - Ying L AD - Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Wang, Jiangmei AU - Wang J AD - Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Xia, Jie AU - Xia J AD - Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Zhang, Yanjun AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Mao, Haiyan AU - Mao H AD - Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Zhang, Ruoyang AU - Zhang R AD - Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Zang, Ruoxi AU - Zang R AD - Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Le, Zhenkai AU - Le Z AD - Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Shu, Qiang AU - Shu Q AD - Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. FAU - Xu, Jianguo AU - Xu J AD - Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230411 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (sinovac COVID-19 vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Memory T Cells MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Cytokines MH - Vaccines, Inactivated PMC - PMC10126277 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - CoronaVac OT - T cell responses OT - inactivated vaccines OT - non-spike OT - spike COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/04/28 06:42 MHDA- 2023/05/01 06:42 PMCR- 2023/04/11 CRDT- 2023/04/28 02:37 PHST- 2023/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/01 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/28 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/28 02:37 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139620 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Apr 11;14:1139620. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139620. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37112647 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230501 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Mar 26 TI - Tracking B Cell Memory to SARS-CoV-2 Using Rare Cell Analysis System. LID - 10.3390/vaccines11040735 [doi] LID - 735 AB - Rapid mutations within SARS-CoV-2 are driving immune escape, highlighting the need for in-depth and routine analysis of memory B cells (MBCs) to complement the important but limited information from neutralizing antibody (nAb) studies. In this study, we collected plasma samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 35 subjects and studied the nAb titers and the number of antigen-specific memory B cells at designated time points before and after vaccination. We developed an assay to use the MiSelect R II System with a single-use microfluidic chip to directly detect the number of spike-receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific MBCs in PBMCs. Our results show that the number of spike-RBD-specific MBCs detected by the MiSelect R II System is highly correlated with the level of nAbs secreted by stimulated PBMCs, even 6 months after vaccination when nAbs were generally not present in plasma. We also found antigen-specific cells recognizing Omicron spike-RBD were present in PBMCs from booster vaccination of subjects, but with a high variability in the number of B cells. The MiSelect R II System provided a direct, automated, and quantitative method to isolate and analyze subsets of rare cells for tracking cellular immunity in the context of a rapidly mutating virus. FAU - Tsai, Dong-Yan AU - Tsai DY AD - MiCareo Taiwan Co., Ltd., 5F, No. 69, Ln. 77, Xing Ai Rd., Neihu Dist., Taipei City 114, Taiwan. FAU - Wang, Chun-Hung AU - Wang CH AD - MiCareo Taiwan Co., Ltd., 5F, No. 69, Ln. 77, Xing Ai Rd., Neihu Dist., Taipei City 114, Taiwan. FAU - Schiro, Perry G AU - Schiro PG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9864-0027 AD - MiCareo Taiwan Co., Ltd., 5F, No. 69, Ln. 77, Xing Ai Rd., Neihu Dist., Taipei City 114, Taiwan. FAU - Chen, Nathan AU - Chen N AD - Adimmune Corporation, No. 3, Sec.1, Tanxing Rd., Tanzi Dist., Taichung City 427, Taiwan. FAU - Tseng, Ju-Yu AU - Tseng JY AD - MiCareo Taiwan Co., Ltd., 5F, No. 69, Ln. 77, Xing Ai Rd., Neihu Dist., Taipei City 114, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230326 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC10145117 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory B cells OT - rare cells OT - vaccines COIS- The authors receive financial benefit from MiCareo via employment, ownership, or intellectual property. Nathan Chen may additionally receive financial benefit from Adimmune Corporation via employment, ownership, or intellectual property. EDAT- 2023/04/28 06:41 MHDA- 2023/04/28 06:42 PMCR- 2023/03/26 CRDT- 2023/04/28 01:53 PHST- 2023/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/03/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/28 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/28 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/28 01:53 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11040735 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-00735 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11040735 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Mar 26;11(4):735. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11040735. PMID- 37109156 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230501 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 8 DP - 2023 Apr 12 TI - Cardiovascular and Neurological Complications of COVID-19: A Narrative Review. LID - 10.3390/jcm12082819 [doi] LID - 2819 AB - A novel coronavirus emerged in China in late 2019 as a disease named coronavirus disease 2019. This pathogen was initially identified as causing a respiratory syndrome, but later, it was found that COVID-19 could also affect other body systems, such as the neurological and cardiovascular systems. For didactic purposes, cardiovascular and neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 have been classified in three different groups: acute complications, late complications, and post-vaccine complications. Therefore, the following study has the goal to summarize and disseminate the present knowledge about the cardiovascular and neurological manifestations of COVID-19 based on the latest and most up-to-date data available and, thus, promote more prepared medical care for these conditions as the medical team is updated. Based on what is brought on this revision and its understanding, the medical service becomes more aware of the causal relationship between some conditions and COVID-19 and can better prepare for the most prevalent conditions to associate and, consequently, to treat patients earlier. Therefore, there is a chance of better prognoses in this context and the need to increase the number of studies about complications related to SARS-CoV-2 infection for a better understanding of other associated conditions. FAU - Sousa Rego, Luma Ornelas AU - Sousa Rego LO AUID- ORCID: 0009-0004-1972-7880 AD - Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, BAHIANA/EBMSP, 275, Av. Dom Joao VI, Brotas, Salvador 40290-000, Brazil. FAU - Alves Braga, Lara Landulfo AU - Alves Braga LL AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2997-3782 AD - Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, BAHIANA/EBMSP, 275, Av. Dom Joao VI, Brotas, Salvador 40290-000, Brazil. FAU - Vilas-Boas, Gustavo Sampaio AU - Vilas-Boas GS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0321-4544 AD - Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, BAHIANA/EBMSP, 275, Av. Dom Joao VI, Brotas, Salvador 40290-000, Brazil. FAU - Oliveira Cardoso, Maiana Santos AU - Oliveira Cardoso MS AD - UNIFACS Medical School, Salvador University (UNIFACS), Salvador 40140-110, Brazil. FAU - Duraes, Andre Rodrigues AU - Duraes AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1506-0327 AD - Bahiana Medical School of Federal University of Bahia, UFBA/FAMEB, PPGMS-EMBSP-Bahia Federal University, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230412 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC10142816 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cardiac OT - cardiovascular OT - complications OT - neurological OT - virus COIS- All authors of this article declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/04/28 06:42 MHDA- 2023/04/28 06:43 PMCR- 2023/04/12 CRDT- 2023/04/28 01:32 PHST- 2023/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/28 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/28 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/28 01:32 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm12082819 [pii] AID - jcm-12-02819 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm12082819 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2023 Apr 12;12(8):2819. doi: 10.3390/jcm12082819. PMID- 37101263 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230428 LR - 20240917 IS - 1741-7015 (Electronic) IS - 1741-7015 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Apr 26 TI - Third dose mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 reduces medical complaints seen in primary care: a matched cohort study. PG - 157 LID - 10.1186/s12916-023-02870-2 [doi] LID - 157 AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination has been associated with both side effects and a reduction in COVID-related complaints due to the decrease in COVID-19 incidence. We aimed to investigate if individuals who received three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines had a lower incidence of (a) medical complaints and (b) COVID-19-related medical complaints, both as seen in primary care, when compared to individuals who received two doses. METHODS: We conducted a daily longitudinal exact one-to-one matching study based on a set of covariates. We obtained a matched sample of 315,650 individuals aged 18-70 years who received the 3rd dose at 20-30 weeks after the 2nd dose and an equally large control group who did not. Outcome variables were diagnostic codes as reported by general practitioners or emergency wards, both alone and in combination with diagnostic codes of confirmed COVID-19. For each outcome, we estimated cumulative incidence functions with hospitalization and death as competing events. RESULTS: We found that the number of medical complaints was lower in individuals aged 18-44 years who received three doses compared to those who received two doses. The differences in estimates per 100,000 vaccinated were as follows: fatigue 458 less (95% confidence interval: 355-539), musculoskeletal pain 171 less (48-292), cough 118 less (65-173), heart palpitations 57 less (22-98), shortness of breath 118 less (81-149), and brain fog 31 less (8-55). We also found a lower number of COVID-19-related medical complaints: per 100,000 individuals aged 18-44 years vaccinated with three doses, there were 102 (76-125) fewer individuals with fatigue, 32 (18-45) fewer with musculoskeletal pain, 30 (14-45) fewer with cough, and 36 (22-48) fewer with shortness of breath. There were no or fewer differences in heart palpitations (8 (1-16)) or brain fog (0 (- 1-8)). We observed similar results, though more uncertain, for individuals aged 45-70 years, both for medical complaints and for medical complaints that were COVID-19 related. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a 3rd dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine administered 20-30 weeks after the 2nd dose may reduce the incidence of medical complaints. It may also reduce the COVID-19-related burden on primary healthcare services. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Methi, Fredrik AU - Methi F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7091-0806 AD - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Postboks 222, Skoyen, Oslo, N-0213, Norway. fredrik.methi@fhi.no. FAU - Gran, Jon Michael AU - Gran JM AD - Oslo Centre for Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistic, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. AD - Oslo Centre for Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Valberg, Morten AU - Valberg M AD - Oslo Centre for Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. AD - Department of Community Medicine & Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Kinge, Jonas Minet AU - Kinge JM AD - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Postboks 222, Skoyen, Oslo, N-0213, Norway. AD - Department of Health Management and Health Economics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Telle, Kjetil AU - Telle K AD - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Postboks 222, Skoyen, Oslo, N-0213, Norway. FAU - Magnusson, Karin AU - Magnusson K AD - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Postboks 222, Skoyen, Oslo, N-0213, Norway. AD - Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230426 PL - England TA - BMC Med JT - BMC medicine JID - 101190723 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Cohort Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Cough MH - *Musculoskeletal Pain MH - Dyspnea MH - Fatigue MH - RNA, Messenger MH - Primary Health Care MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC10132437 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cough OT - Fatigue OT - Primary care OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccination COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/04/27 00:42 MHDA- 2023/04/28 06:41 PMCR- 2023/04/26 CRDT- 2023/04/26 23:43 PHST- 2022/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/27 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/26 23:43 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12916-023-02870-2 [pii] AID - 2870 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12916-023-02870-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Med. 2023 Apr 26;21(1):157. doi: 10.1186/s12916-023-02870-2. PMID- 37099427 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231004 LR - 20231010 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 42 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Apr 25 TI - Vaccination provides superior in vivo recall capacity of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory CD8 T cells. PG - 112395 LID - S2211-1247(23)00406-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112395 [doi] AB - Memory CD8 T cells play an important role in the protection against breakthrough infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Whether the route of antigen exposure impacts these cells at a functional level is incompletely characterized. Here, we compare the memory CD8 T cell response against a common SARS-CoV-2 epitope after vaccination, infection, or both. CD8 T cells demonstrate comparable functional capacity when restimulated directly ex vivo, independent of the antigenic history. However, analysis of T cell receptor usage shows that vaccination results in a narrower scope than infection alone or in combination with vaccination. Importantly, in an in vivo recall model, memory CD8 T cells from infected individuals show equal proliferation but secrete less tumor necrosis factor (TNF) compared with those from vaccinated people. This difference is negated when infected individuals have also been vaccinated. Our findings shed more light on the differences in susceptibility to re-infection after different routes of SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kavazovic, Inga AU - Kavazovic I AD - Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Dimitropoulos, Christoforos AU - Dimitropoulos C AD - Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Gasparini, Dora AU - Gasparini D AD - Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Roncevic Filipovic, Mari AU - Roncevic Filipovic M AD - Department of Infectiology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Barkovic, Igor AU - Barkovic I AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Koster, Jan AU - Koster J AD - Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Lemmermann, Niels A AU - Lemmermann NA AD - Institute for Virology and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI) at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Babic, Marina AU - Babic M AD - Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Cekinovic Grbesa, Durdica AU - Cekinovic Grbesa D AD - Department of Infectiology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. FAU - Wensveen, Felix M AU - Wensveen FM AD - Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. Electronic address: felix.wensveen@medri.uniri.hr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230404 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha PMC - PMC10070771 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8 T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - CP: Immunology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antigen-specific T cells OT - clonal diversity OT - infection OT - influenza OT - memory cells OT - transcriptome OT - vaccination COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/04/26 18:42 MHDA- 2023/10/04 06:44 PMCR- 2023/04/04 CRDT- 2023/04/26 12:36 PHST- 2022/08/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/04 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/26 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/26 12:36 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(23)00406-0 [pii] AID - 112395 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112395 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2023 Apr 25;42(4):112395. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112395. Epub 2023 Apr 4. PMID- 37093748 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230426 LR - 20230505 IS - 1527-1315 (Electronic) IS - 0033-8419 (Linking) VI - 307 IP - 3 DP - 2023 May TI - Case 317. PG - e220788 LID - 10.1148/radiol.220788 [doi] AB - A 44-year-old previously healthy man with a 9-month history of progressive cognitive decline, depression, urinary incontinence, and inability to perform tasks of daily living presented to the emergency department with worsening cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms. He had become more distressed, and his family noticed him departing the house without closing doors, leaving water faucets running, and sending his children to school on Sundays. History taken from the patient's wife revealed that his brother had passed away in his late 30s after a slowly progressing functional and cognitive decline over the course of 5 years. No further detailed family history could be obtained. The review of systems was negative; he had no prior medical, psychiatric, or surgical history; and he denied any history of recent travel, camping, hiking, or vaccination. The patient was not taking any dietary supplements, nor was he taking any over-the-counter or prescription medication. Examination revealed vital signs were within normal limits. Neurocognitive assessment revealed a conscious, coherent, and alert patient with impaired memory and concentration. He showed poor attention, depressed mood, and restricted affect. He was unable to spell the word world forward, nor was he able to understand a request to spell it backward. The rest of the physical and neurologic examination revealed no abnormalities. Extensive laboratory work-up was conducted and included the following: toxicology screening; screening for HIV-1, HIV-2, and syphilis treponemal antibodies; COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction; and measurement of B1 and B12 levels. The results of screening were negative. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assays, including CSF oligoclonal bands and CSF flow cytometry, revealed values within normal limits. CT of the brain without intravenous contrast material was performed in the emergency department to rule out acute intracranial abnormality (Fig 1). Multiplanar multisequence MRI of the brain without and with intravenous contrast material was ordered for further assessment (Figs 2-4). CT images of chest, abdomen, and pelvis were unremarkable (images not shown). FAU - Suthar, Pokhraj P AU - Suthar PP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7909-123X AD - From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612. FAU - Jhaveri, Miral AU - Jhaveri M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6733-0088 AD - From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612. FAU - Mafraji, Mustafa AU - Mafraji M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3316-6221 AD - From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Radiology JT - Radiology JID - 0401260 RN - 0 (Contrast Media) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Child MH - Adult MH - Contrast Media MH - *COVID-19 MH - Brain MH - *Mental Disorders MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging EDAT- 2023/04/24 18:42 MHDA- 2023/04/26 06:42 CRDT- 2023/04/24 13:03 PHST- 2023/04/26 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/24 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/24 13:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1148/radiol.220788 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiology. 2023 May;307(3):e220788. doi: 10.1148/radiol.220788. PMID- 37091031 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230425 IS - 2249-4863 (Print) IS - 2278-7135 (Electronic) IS - 2249-4863 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb TI - Impact of COVID-19 vaccines on the health status of young female adults from India: A cross-sectional study. PG - 338-351 LID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1574_22 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Reports suggest that females experience more adverse events post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination compared to males. However, no gender-specific data on the impact of vaccines on the Indian population are available. The present study was intended to understand the impact of COVID-19 vaccines on the health status of young Indian female adults and to identify the factors associated with experiencing adverse events post-vaccination. METHODS: A web-based survey was conducted among 433 young female adults who have taken at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The prevalence and duration of systemic and generalized symptoms were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The factors associated with symptoms post-vaccination were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed. A P value of /=18) patients with PASC. PASC was defined as experiencing constitutional (palpitations, malaise/fatigue, headache) or systemic (sleep disorder, shortness of breath, mood/anxiety disorders, cough and cognitive impairment) symptoms beyond the 28-day postinfection period. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: We fit multivariable logistic regression models and report estimated likelihood of PASC associated with vaccination or mAb treatment as adjusted ORs with 95% CIs. RESULTS: Primary analyses included 53 239 subjects (54.9% female), of whom 5929, 11.1% (95% CI 10.9% to 11.4%), experienced PASC. Both vaccinated breakthrough cases (vs unvaccinated) and mAb-treated patients (vs untreated) had lower likelihoods for developing PASC, aOR (95% CI): 0.58 (0.52-0.66), and 0.77 (0.69-0.86), respectively. Vaccination was associated with decreased odds of developing all constitutional and systemic symptoms except for taste and smell changes. For all symptoms, vaccination was associated with lower likelihood of experiencing PASC compared with mAb treatment. Replication analysis found identical frequency of PASC (11.2%, 95% CI 11.1 to 11.3) and similar protective effects against PASC for the COVID-19 vaccine: 0.25 (0.21-0.30) and mAb treatment: 0.62 (0.59-0.66). CONCLUSION: Although both COVID-19 vaccines and mAbs decreased the likelihood of PASC, vaccination remains the most effective tool for the prevention of long-term consequences of COVID-19. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Tannous, Jonika AU - Tannous J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4022-9267 AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Pan, Alan P AU - Pan AP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8782-8024 AD - Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Potter, Thomas AU - Potter T AD - Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Bako, Abdulaziz T AU - Bako AT AD - Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Dlouhy, Katharine AU - Dlouhy K AD - Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Drews, Ashley AU - Drews A AD - Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, Texas, USA. AD - Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Sostman, Henry Dirk AU - Sostman HD AD - Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist, Houston, Texas, USA. FAU - Vahidy, Farhaan S AU - Vahidy FS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3464-2111 AD - Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA fvahidy@houstonmethodist.org. AD - Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, Texas, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230405 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/therapy MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Disease Progression MH - Registries MH - Retrospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/drug therapy/prevention & control PMC - PMC10083521 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Epidemiology OT - Public health COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2023/04/06 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/07 10:18 PMCR- 2023/04/05 CRDT- 2023/04/05 20:53 PHST- 2023/04/07 10:18 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/05 20:53 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2022-067611 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067611 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2023 Apr 5;13(4):e067611. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067611. PMID- 37018462 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260311 LR - 20260316 IS - 1876-4479 (Electronic) IS - 1873-9946 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 9 DP - 2023 Oct 20 TI - Reduced Serological Response to COVID-19 Booster Vaccine is Associated with Reduced B Cell Memory in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease; VARIATION [VAriability in Response in IBD AgainsT SARS-COV-2 ImmunisatiON]. PG - 1445-1456 LID - 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad065 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] have an attenuated response to initial COVID-19 vaccination. We sought to characterize the impact of IBD and its treatment on responses after the third vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: This was a prospective multicentre observational study of patients with IBD [n = 202] and healthy controls [HC, n = 92]. Serological response to vaccination was assessed by quantification of anti-spike protein [SP] immunoglobulin [Ig]G levels [anti-SPIgG] and in vitro neutralization of binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [ACE2]. Peripheral blood B-cell phenotype populations were assessed by flow cytometry. SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific B-cell responses were assessed in ex vivo culture. RESULTS: Median anti-SP IgG post-third vaccination in our IBD cohort was significantly lower than HCs [7862 vs 19 622 AU/mL, p < 0.001] as was ACE2 binding inhibition [p < 0.001]. IBD patients previously infected with COVID-19 [30%] had similar quantitative antibody response as HCs previously infected with COVID-19 [p = 0.12]. Lowest anti-SP IgG titres and neutralization were seen in IBD patients on anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-TNF] agents, without prior COVID-19 infection, but all IBD patients show an attenuated vaccine response compared to HCs. Patients with IBD have reduced memory B-cell populations and attenuated B-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens if not previously infected with COVID-19 [p = 0.01]. Higher anti-TNF drug levels and zinc levels <65 ng/ml were associated with significantly lower serological responses. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with IBD have an attenuated response to three doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Physicians should consider patients with higher anti-TNF drug levels and/or zinc deficiency as potentially at higher risk of attenuated response to vaccination. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Doherty, Jayne AU - Doherty J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1599-1447 AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. AD - INITIative IBD Research Network (www.initiativeibd.ie). FAU - O'Morain, Neil AU - O'Morain N AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Stack, Roisin AU - Stack R AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Tosetto, Miriam AU - Tosetto M AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Inzitiari, Rosanna AU - Inzitiari R AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - O'Reilly, Sophie AU - O'Reilly S AD - Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Gu, Lili AU - Gu L AD - Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Sheridan, Juliette AU - Sheridan J AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Cullen, Garret AU - Cullen G AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. AD - INITIative IBD Research Network (www.initiativeibd.ie). FAU - Mc Dermott, Edel AU - Mc Dermott E AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Buckley, Maire AU - Buckley M AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - St Michaels Hospital, Dun Laoghaire, Co Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Horgan, Gareth AU - Horgan G AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Co Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Mulcahy, Hugh AU - Mulcahy H AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Walshe, Margaret AU - Walshe M AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. AD - INITIative IBD Research Network (www.initiativeibd.ie). FAU - Ryan, Elizabeth J AU - Ryan EJ AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. FAU - Gautier, Virginie AU - Gautier V AD - Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Prostko, John AU - Prostko J AD - Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Diagnostics, Lake Forest, IL 60045, USA. FAU - Frias, Edwin AU - Frias E AD - Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Diagnostics, Lake Forest, IL 60045, USA. FAU - Daghfal, David AU - Daghfal D AD - Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Diagnostics, Lake Forest, IL 60045, USA. FAU - Doran, Peter AU - Doran P AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - O'Morain, Colm AU - O'Morain C AD - Beacon Hospital, Sandyford, Co. Dublin and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. AD - INITIative IBD Research Network (www.initiativeibd.ie). FAU - Doherty, Glen A AU - Doherty GA AD - Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. AD - School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. AD - INITIative IBD Research Network (www.initiativeibd.ie). LA - eng GR - University College Dublin/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study PL - England TA - J Crohns Colitis JT - Journal of Crohn's & colitis JID - 101318676 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/immunology/drug therapy/blood MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology/administration & dosage MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Inflammatory bowel disease OT - immune response OT - memory B-cell response EDAT- 2023/04/06 06:00 MHDA- 2026/03/11 18:59 CRDT- 2023/04/05 14:42 PHST- 2026/03/11 18:59 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/05 14:42 [entrez] AID - 7109171 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad065 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Crohns Colitis. 2023 Oct 20;17(9):1445-1456. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad065. PMID- 37014096 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230721 LR - 20240926 IS - 1600-065X (Electronic) IS - 0105-2896 (Print) IS - 0105-2896 (Linking) VI - 316 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jul TI - Tissue-resident memory T cells and lung immunopathology. PG - 63-83 LID - 10.1111/imr.13201 [doi] AB - Rapid reaction to microbes invading mucosal tissues is key to protect the host against disease. Respiratory tissue-resident memory T (T(RM) ) cells provide superior immunity against pathogen infection and/or re-infection, due to their presence at the site of pathogen entry. However, there has been emerging evidence that exuberant T(RM) -cell responses contribute to the development of various chronic respiratory conditions including pulmonary sequelae post-acute viral infections. In this review, we have described the characteristics of respiratory T(RM) cells and processes underlying their development and maintenance. We have reviewed T(RM) -cell protective functions against various respiratory pathogens as well as their pathological activities in chronic lung conditions including post-viral pulmonary sequelae. Furthermore, we have discussed potential mechanisms regulating the pathological activity of T(RM) cells and proposed therapeutic strategies to alleviate T(RM) -cell-mediated lung immunopathology. We hope that this review provides insights toward the development of future vaccines or interventions that can harness the superior protective abilities of T(RM) cells, while minimizing the potential for immunopathology, a particularly important topic in the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. Immunological Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Cheon, In Su AU - Cheon IS AD - Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. AD - Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. FAU - Son, Young Min AU - Son YM AD - Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea. FAU - Sun, Jie AU - Sun J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2347-4511 AD - Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. AD - Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 AI176171/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI147394/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI112844/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI154598/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AG047156/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AG069264/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20230404 PL - England TA - Immunol Rev JT - Immunological reviews JID - 7702118 RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Memory T Cells MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *COVID-19/pathology MH - Lung MH - *Vaccines MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes PMC - PMC10524334 MID - NIHMS1901418 OTO - NOTNLM OT - TRM cells OT - immunopathology OT - lung OT - protection OT - viral sequelae COIS- J.S. is a consultant for the Teneofour company and receives fundings from Icosavax, which do not directly involve with this work. EDAT- 2023/04/05 06:00 MHDA- 2023/07/21 06:43 PMCR- 2024/07/01 CRDT- 2023/04/04 08:23 PHST- 2023/03/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/21 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/04 08:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1111/imr.13201 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunol Rev. 2023 Jul;316(1):63-83. doi: 10.1111/imr.13201. Epub 2023 Apr 4. PMID- 37009342 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240915 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Mar TI - COVID-19 Induced Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS): A Review. PG - e36955 LID - 10.7759/cureus.36955 [doi] LID - e36955 AB - POTS (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome) is a multisystem disorder characterized by the abnormal autonomic response to an upright posture, causing orthostatic intolerance and excessive tachycardia without hypotension. Recent reports suggest that a significant percentage of COVID-19 survivors develop POTS within 6 to 8 months of infection. Prominent symptoms of POTS include fatigue, orthostatic intolerance, tachycardia, and cognitive impairment. The exact mechanisms of post-COVID-19 POTS are unclear. Still, different hypotheses have been given, including autoantibody production against autonomic nerve fibers, direct toxic effects of SARS-CoV-2, or sympathetic nervous system stimulation secondary to infection. Physicians should have a high suspicion of POTS in COVID-19 survival when presented with symptoms of autonomic dysfunction and should conduct diagnostic tests like the Tilt table and others to confirm it. The management of COVID-19-related POTS requires a comprehensive approach. Most patients respond to initial non-pharmacological options, but when the symptoms become more severe and they do not respond to the non-pharmacological approach, pharmacological options are considered. We have limited understanding and knowledge of post-COVID-19 POTS, and further research is warranted to improve our understanding and formulate a better management plan. CI - Copyright (c) 2023, Mallick et al. FAU - Mallick, Deobrat AU - Mallick D AD - Internal Medicine, Christus Spohn Hospital, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Goyal, Lokesh AU - Goyal L AD - Hospital Medicine, Christus Spohn Hospital, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Chourasia, Prabal AU - Chourasia P AD - Hospital Medicine, Mary Washington Hospital, Fredericksburg, USA. FAU - Zapata, Miana R AU - Zapata MR AD - Internal Medicine, University of the Incarnate Word School of Osteopathic Medicine, Corpus Christi, USA. FAU - Yashi, Kanica AU - Yashi K AD - Internal Medicine, Bassett Health Care, Cooperstown, USA. FAU - Surani, Salim AU - Surani S AD - Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA. AD - Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA. AD - Medicine, University of North Texas, Dallas, USA. AD - Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Associates, Corpus Christi, USA. AD - Clinical Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230331 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC10065129 OTO - NOTNLM OT - covid-19 OT - covid-19 vaccine OT - postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome OT - pots OT - sars-cov-2 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2023/04/04 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/04 06:01 PMCR- 2023/03/31 CRDT- 2023/04/03 04:26 PHST- 2023/03/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/04 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/03 04:26 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.36955 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2023 Mar 31;15(3):e36955. doi: 10.7759/cureus.36955. eCollection 2023 Mar. PMID- 37008058 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230404 IS - 2152-5250 (Print) IS - 2152-5250 (Electronic) IS - 2152-5250 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Apr 1 TI - Strategies for the Emergency Treatment of Pregnant Women with Neurological Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic. PG - 290-298 LID - 10.14336/AD.2022.0718 [doi] AB - Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has been spreading all over the world for more than two years. Though several kinds of vaccines are currently available, emergence of new variants, spike mutations and immune escape have raised new challenges. Pregnant women are vulnerable to respiratory infections due to their altered immune defence and surveillance functions. Besides, whether pregnant persons should receive a COVID-19 vaccine is still under debate because limited data are available on the efficacy and safety of receiving a vaccine during pregnancy. Physiological features and lack of effective protection making pregnant women at high risk of getting infected. Another concern is that pregnancy may trigger the onset of underlying existing neurological disease, which is highly similar to those neurological symptoms of pregnant women caused by COVID-19. These similarities interfere with diagnosis and delay timely and effective management. Therefore, providing efficient emergency support for pregnant women suffering from neurological symptoms caused by COVID-19 remains a challenge among neurologists and obstetricians. To improve the diagnosis and treatment efficiency of pregnant women with neurological symptoms, we propose an emergency management framework based on the clinicians' experience and available resources. This emergency care system aimed at addressing the conundrums faced by the emergency guarantee system under COVID-19 pandemic and could serve as a potential multisystem project for clinical practice and medical education. CI - copyright: (c) 2022 Yang et al. FAU - Yang, Haojun AU - Yang H AD - 1Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - 2National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. FAU - Fan, Yishu AU - Fan Y AD - 1Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - 2National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. FAU - Zhu, Ziqing AU - Zhu Z AD - 1Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - 2National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. FAU - Wu, Haiyue AU - Wu H AD - 1Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - 2National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. FAU - Chen, Zhuohui AU - Chen Z AD - 1Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - 2National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. FAU - Hu, Xinhang AU - Hu X AD - 1Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - 2National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. FAU - Wu, Tong AU - Wu T AD - 1Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - 2National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. FAU - Zhang, Mengqi AU - Zhang M AD - 1Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. AD - 2National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230401 PL - United States TA - Aging Dis JT - Aging and disease JID - 101540533 PMC - PMC10017149 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CNS disease OT - Corona Virus Disease 2019 OT - epidemic prevention and control OT - pregnant women COIS- Competing interests All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2023/04/04 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/04 06:01 PMCR- 2023/04/01 CRDT- 2023/04/03 04:07 PHST- 2022/05/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/04 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/03 04:07 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ad-14-2-290 [pii] AID - 10.14336/AD.2022.0718 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Aging Dis. 2023 Apr 1;14(2):290-298. doi: 10.14336/AD.2022.0718. eCollection 2023 Apr 1. PMID- 37002288 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231023 LR - 20231026 IS - 1474-1741 (Electronic) IS - 1474-1733 (Print) IS - 1474-1733 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 10 DP - 2023 Oct TI - Assessing the generation of tissue resident memory T cells by vaccines. PG - 655-665 LID - 10.1038/s41577-023-00853-1 [doi] AB - Vaccines have been a hugely successful public health intervention, virtually eliminating many once common diseases of childhood. However, they have had less success in controlling endemic pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herpesviruses and HIV. A focus on vaccine-mediated generation of neutralizing antibodies, which has been a successful approach for some pathogens, has been complicated by the emergence of escape variants, which has been seen for pathogens such as influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2, as well as for HIV-1. We discuss how vaccination strategies aimed at generating a broad and robust T cell response may offer superior protection against pathogens, particularly those that have been observed to mutate rapidly. In particular, we consider here how a focus on generating resident memory T cells may be uniquely effective for providing immunity to pathogens that typically infect (or become reactivated in) the skin, respiratory mucosa or other barrier tissues. CI - (c) 2023. Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Rotrosen, Elizabeth AU - Rotrosen E AD - Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Kupper, Thomas S AU - Kupper TS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4229-2916 AD - Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. tkupper@bwh.harvard.edu. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. tkupper@bwh.harvard.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 AI127654/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AR065807/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20230331 PL - England TA - Nat Rev Immunol JT - Nature reviews. Immunology JID - 101124169 RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Memory T Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Vaccines MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing PMC - PMC10064963 COIS- T.S.K. has financial interest in Pellis Therapeutics, a start-up biotech company based in Boston. E.R. declares no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/04/01 06:00 MHDA- 2023/10/23 12:45 PMCR- 2023/03/31 CRDT- 2023/03/31 23:19 PHST- 2023/02/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/23 12:45 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/31 23:19 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41577-023-00853-1 [pii] AID - 853 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41577-023-00853-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Rev Immunol. 2023 Oct;23(10):655-665. doi: 10.1038/s41577-023-00853-1. Epub 2023 Mar 31. PMID- 36992336 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230331 LR - 20230414 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Feb 24 TI - Impact of Previous Common Human Coronavirus Exposure on SARS-CoV-2-Specific T-Cell and Memory B-Cell Response after mRNA-Based Vaccination. LID - 10.3390/v15030627 [doi] LID - 627 AB - OBJECTIVE: T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 are observed in unexposed individuals, attributed to previous common human coronavirus (HCoV) infections. We evaluated the evolution of this T-cell cross-reactive response and the specific memory B-cells (MBCs) after the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccination and its impact on incident SARS-CoV-2 infections. METHODS: This was a longitudinal study of 149 healthcare workers (HCWs) that included 85 unexposed individuals that were subdivided according to previous T-cell cross-reactivity, who were compared to 64 convalescent HCWs. Changes in specific T-cell response and memory B-cell (MBC) levels were compared at baseline and after two doses of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccine. RESULTS: A cross-reactive T-cell response was found in 59% of unexposed individuals before vaccination. Antibodies against HKU1 positively correlated with OC43 and 229E antibodies. Spike-specific MBCs was scarce in unexposed HCWs regardless of the presence of baseline T-cell cross-reactivity. After vaccination, 92% and 96% of unexposed HCWs with cross-reactive T-cells had CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses to the spike protein, respectively. Similar results to that were found in convalescents (83% and 92%, respectively). Contrarily, higher than that which was observed in unexposed individuals without T-cell cross-reactivity showed lower CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses (73% in both cases, p = 0.03). Nevertheless, previous cross-reactive T-cell response was not associated with higher levels of MBCs after vaccination in unexposed HCWs. During a follow-up of 434 days (IQR, 339-495) after vaccination, 49 HCWs (33%) became infected, with a significant positive correlation between spike-specific MBC levels and isotypes IgG+ and IgA+ after vaccination and a longer time to get infected. Interestingly, T-cell cross-reactivity did not reduce the time to vaccine breakthrough infections. CONCLUSION: While pre-existing T-cell cross-reactivity enhances the T-cell response after vaccination, it does not increase SARS-CoV-2-specific MBC levels in the absence of previous infection. Overall, the level of specific MBCs determines the time to breakthrough infections, regardless of the presence of T-cell cross-reactivity. FAU - Casado, Jose L AU - Casado JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7639-8591 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, CIBERINFEC (Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases, Centro de Investigacion en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - IRYCIS, Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, 28034 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Vizcarra, Pilar AU - Vizcarra P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8553-6995 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, CIBERINFEC (Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases, Centro de Investigacion en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - IRYCIS, Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, 28034 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martin-Hondarza, Adrian AU - Martin-Hondarza A AD - IRYCIS, Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, 28034 Madrid, Spain. AD - Laboratory of Immunovirology, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Blasco, Magdalena AU - Blasco M AD - Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Grandal-Platero, Marta AU - Grandal-Platero M AD - Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Haemmerle, Johannes AU - Haemmerle J AD - Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Escribano, Marina AU - Fernandez-Escribano M AD - Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Vallejo, Alejandro AU - Vallejo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5360-878X AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, CIBERINFEC (Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases, Centro de Investigacion en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - IRYCIS, Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, 28034 Madrid, Spain. AD - Laboratory of Immunovirology, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230224 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 RN - 0 (Antibodies) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Antibodies MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - RNA, Messenger MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics PMC - PMC10059801 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - coronavirus OT - cross-reactive OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B-cells COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/03/31 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/31 06:42 PMCR- 2023/02/24 CRDT- 2023/03/30 01:06 PHST- 2023/01/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/03/31 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/30 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v15030627 [pii] AID - viruses-15-00627 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v15030627 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2023 Feb 24;15(3):627. doi: 10.3390/v15030627. PMID- 36990297 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230612 LR - 20260127 IS - 1090-2139 (Electronic) IS - 0889-1591 (Print) IS - 0889-1591 (Linking) VI - 111 DP - 2023 Jul TI - COVID-19 vaccination for the prevention and treatment of long COVID: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 211-229 LID - S0889-1591(23)00079-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.022 [doi] AB - Empirical evidence addressing the association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and long COVID would guide public health priorities and inform personal health decisions. Herein, the co-primary objectives are to determine the differential risk of long COVID in vaccinated versus unvaccinated patients, and the trajectory of long COVID following vaccination. Of 2775 articles identified via systematic search, 17 were included, and 6 were meta-analyzed. Meta-analytic results determined that at least one vaccine dose was associated with a protective effect against long COVID (OR 0.539, 95% CI 0.295-0.987, p = 0.045, N = 257 817). Qualitative analysis revealed that trajectories of pre-existing long COVID following vaccination were mixed, with most patients reporting no changes. The evidence herein supports SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for the prevention of long COVID, and recommends long COVID patients adhere to standard SARS-CoV-2 vaccination schedules. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Ceban, Felicia AU - Ceban F AD - Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Kulzhabayeva, Dana AU - Kulzhabayeva D AD - Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Rodrigues, Nelson B AU - Rodrigues NB AD - Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Di Vincenzo, Joshua D AU - Di Vincenzo JD AD - Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Gill, Hartej AU - Gill H AD - Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Subramaniapillai, Mehala AU - Subramaniapillai M AD - Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Lui, Leanna M W AU - Lui LMW AD - Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Cao, Bing AU - Cao B AD - Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. FAU - Mansur, Rodrigo B AU - Mansur RB AD - Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Ho, Roger C AU - Ho RC AD - Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore. FAU - Burke, Matthew J AU - Burke MJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Rhee, Taeho Greg AU - Rhee TG AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA. FAU - Rosenblat, Joshua D AU - Rosenblat JD AD - Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - McIntyre, Roger S AU - McIntyre RS AD - Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: roger.mcintyre@bcdf.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20230327 PL - Netherlands TA - Brain Behav Immun JT - Brain, behavior, and immunity JID - 8800478 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (CI 987) RN - 0 (Phenols) RN - 0 (Thiazoles) SB - IM EIN - Brain Behav Immun. 2024 Jan;115:758. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.020. PMID: 37806865 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Phenols MH - Thiazoles PMC - PMC10067136 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bipolar disorder OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognition OT - Depression OT - Inflammation OT - Long COVID OT - Mood disorders OT - Population health OT - Post-COVID-19 condition OT - Post-COVID-19 syndrome OT - Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 PASC OT - Prevention OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Treatment OT - Vaccination COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest Dr. Roger S. McIntyre has received research grant support from CIHR/GACD/National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the Milken Institute; speaker/consultation fees from Lundbeck, Janssen, Alkermes,Neumora Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim,Sage,Biogen, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Purdue, Pfizer, Otsuka, Takeda, Neurocrine, Sunovion, Bausch Health, Axsome, Novo Nordisk, Kris, Sanofi, Eisai, IntraCellular, NewBridge Pharmaceuticals, Viatris, Abbvie, Atai Life Sciences. Dr. Roger S. McIntyre is a CEO of Braxia Scientific Corp. Dr. Roger Ho received funding from NUS Department of Psychological Medicine (R-177-000-100-001/R-177-000-003-001) and NUS iHeathtech Other Operating Expenses (R-722-000-004-731). Leanna M. W. Lui has received personal fees from Braxia Scientific Corp and honoraria from Medscape. Dr. Joshua D. Rosenblat is the medical director of Braxia Health (formally known as the Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence and is a fully owned subsidiary of Braxia Scientific Corp) which provides ketamine and esketamine treatment for depression; he has received research grant support from the American Psychiatric Association, the American Society of Psychopharmacology, the Canadian Cancer Society, the Canadian Psychiatric Association, the Joseph M. West Family Memorial Fund, the Timeposters Fellowship, the University Health Network Centre for Mental Health, and the University of Toronto and speaking, consultation, or research fees from Allergan, COMPASS, Janssen, Lundbeck, and Sunovion. Leanna Lui has received personal fees from Braxia Scientific Corp and honoraria Medscape. EDAT- 2023/03/30 06:00 MHDA- 2023/06/12 06:42 PMCR- 2023/03/27 CRDT- 2023/03/29 19:33 PHST- 2022/09/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/12 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/29 19:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0889-1591(23)00079-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.022 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun. 2023 Jul;111:211-229. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.022. Epub 2023 Mar 27. PMID- 36986686 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230331 IS - 1999-4923 (Print) IS - 1999-4923 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4923 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Mar 2 TI - CuMV VLPs Containing the RBM from SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Drive Dendritic Cell Activation and Th1 Polarization. LID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030825 [doi] LID - 825 AB - Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most specialized and proficient antigen-presenting cells. They bridge innate and adaptive immunity and display a powerful capacity to prime antigen-specific T cells. The interaction of DCs with the receptor-binding domain of the spike (S) protein from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a pivotal step to induce effective immunity against the S protein-based vaccination protocols, as well as the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Herein, we describe the cellular and molecular events triggered by virus-like particles (VLPs) containing the receptor-binding motif from the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells, or, as controls, in the presence of the Toll-like receptors (TLR)3 and TLR7/8 agonists, comprehending the events of dendritic cell maturation and their crosstalk with T cells. The results demonstrated that VLPs boosted the expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules and co-stimulatory receptors of DCs, indicating their maturation. Furthermore, DCs' interaction with VLPs promoted the activation of the NF-kB pathway, a very important intracellular signalling pathway responsible for triggering the expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Additionally, co-culture of DCs with T cells triggered CD4(+) (mainly CD4(+)Tbet(+)) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation. Our results suggested that VLPs increase cellular immunity, involving DC maturation and T cell polarization towards a type 1 T cells profile. By providing deeper insight into the mechanisms of activation and regulation of the immune system by DCs, these findings will enable the design of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. FAU - Sebastiao, Ana Isabel AU - Sebastiao AI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1687-2968 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Mateus, Daniela AU - Mateus D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7511-4358 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Carrascal, Mylene A AU - Carrascal MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3391-543X AD - Tecnimede Group, 2710-089 Sintra, Portugal. FAU - Sousa, Catia AU - Sousa C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9802-5657 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Cortes, Luisa AU - Cortes L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5292-4369 AD - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Bachmann, Martin F AU - Bachmann MF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4370-2099 AD - Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. FAU - do Carmo, Analia AU - do Carmo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7704-4736 AD - Clinical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitario de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Matos, Ana Miguel AU - Matos AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5764-0023 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Sales, Maria Goreti F AU - Sales MGF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9936-7336 AD - BioMark@UC/CEB-LABBELS, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Cruz, Maria Teresa AU - Cruz MT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9846-6754 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal. LA - eng GR - POCI-01-02B7-FEDER-069745/European Regional Development Fund/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230302 PL - Switzerland TA - Pharmaceutics JT - Pharmaceutics JID - 101534003 PMC - PMC10055701 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive immune response OT - dendritic cells OT - memory T cell OT - virus-like particles COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The company had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2023/03/30 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/30 06:01 PMCR- 2023/03/02 CRDT- 2023/03/29 02:02 PHST- 2023/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/03/30 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/29 02:02 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pharmaceutics15030825 [pii] AID - pharmaceutics-15-00825 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030825 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pharmaceutics. 2023 Mar 2;15(3):825. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030825. PMID- 36982194 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230330 LR - 20260919 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Mar 7 TI - Towards a Better Understanding of the Complexities of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Long COVID. LID - 10.3390/ijms24065124 [doi] LID - 5124 AB - Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex condition arising in susceptible people, predominantly following viral infection, but also other stressful events. The susceptibility factors discussed here are both genetic and environmental although not well understood. While the dysfunctional physiology in ME/CFS is becoming clearer, understanding has been hampered by different combinations of symptoms in each affected person. A common core set of mainly neurological symptoms forms the modern clinical case definition, in the absence of an accessible molecular diagnostic test. This landscape has prompted interest in whether ME/CFS patients can be classified into a particular phenotype/subtype that might assist better management of their illness and suggest preferred therapeutic options. Currently, the same promising drugs, nutraceuticals, or behavioral therapies available can be beneficial, have no effect, or be detrimental to each individual patient. We have shown that individuals with the same disease profile exhibit unique molecular changes and physiological responses to stress, exercise and even vaccination. Key features of ME/CFS discussed here are the possible mechanisms determining the shift of an immune/inflammatory response from transient to chronic in ME/CFS, and how the brain and CNS manifests the neurological symptoms, likely with activation of its specific immune system and resulting neuroinflammation. The many cases of the post viral ME/CFS-like condition, Long COVID, following SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the intense research interest and investment in understanding this condition, provide exciting opportunities for the development of new therapeutics that will benefit ME/CFS patients. FAU - Tate, Warren P AU - Tate WP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6971-7734 AD - Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. FAU - Walker, Max O M AU - Walker MOM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0002-0173-5482 AD - Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. FAU - Peppercorn, Katie AU - Peppercorn K AD - Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. FAU - Blair, Anna L H AU - Blair ALH AD - Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. FAU - Edgar, Christina D AU - Edgar CD AD - Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. LA - eng GR - no grant number/ANZMES -NZA ME/CFS natiuonal disease advisory association/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230307 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/etiology/therapy/diagnosis MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Causality PMC - PMC10048882 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Long COVID OT - ME/CFS OT - disease models OT - disease subtype/phenotype OT - neuroinflammation OT - susceptibility OT - systemic inflammation OT - therapeutics COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/03/30 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/30 06:11 PMCR- 2023/03/07 CRDT- 2023/03/29 01:35 PHST- 2023/02/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/03/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/03/30 06:11 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/29 01:35 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms24065124 [pii] AID - ijms-24-05124 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms24065124 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 7;24(6):5124. doi: 10.3390/ijms24065124. PMID- 36969243 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230328 LR - 20231101 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Gut and airway microbiota dysbiosis and their role in COVID-19 and long-COVID. PG - 1080043 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1080043 [doi] LID - 1080043 AB - The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in human health and disease. Gut dysbiosis is known to be associated with increased susceptibility to respiratory diseases and modifications in the immune response and homeostasis of the lungs (the so-called gut-lung axis). Furthermore, recent studies have highlighted the possible role of dysbiosis in neurological disturbances, introducing the notion of the "gut-brain axis." During the last 2 years, several studies have described the presence of gut dysbiosis during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its relationship with disease severity, SARS-CoV-2 gastrointestinal replication, and immune inflammation. Moreover, the possible persistence of gut dysbiosis after disease resolution may be linked to long-COVID syndrome and particularly to its neurological manifestations. We reviewed recent evidence on the association between dysbiosis and COVID-19, investigating the possible epidemiologic confounding factors like age, location, sex, sample size, the severity of disease, comorbidities, therapy, and vaccination status on gut and airway microbial dysbiosis in selected studies on both COVID-19 and long-COVID. Moreover, we analyzed the confounding factors strictly related to microbiota, specifically diet investigation and previous use of antibiotics/probiotics, and the methodology used to study the microbiota (alpha- and beta-diversity parameters and relative abundance tools). Of note, only a few studies focused on longitudinal analyses, especially for long-term observation in long-COVID. Lastly, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the role of microbiota transplantation and other therapeutic approaches and their possible impact on disease progression and severity. Preliminary data seem to suggest that gut and airway dysbiosis might play a role in COVID-19 and in long-COVID neurological symptoms. Indeed, the development and interpretation of these data could have important implications for future preventive and therapeutic strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Ancona, Alagna, Alteri, Palomba, Tonizzo, Pastena, Muscatello, Gori and Bandera. FAU - Ancona, Giuseppe AU - Ancona G AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Alagna, Laura AU - Alagna L AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Alteri, Claudia AU - Alteri C AD - Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Multimodal Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy. FAU - Palomba, Emanuele AU - Palomba E AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Tonizzo, Anna AU - Tonizzo A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Pastena, Andrea AU - Pastena A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Muscatello, Antonio AU - Muscatello A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Gori, Andrea AU - Gori A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bandera, Alessandra AU - Bandera A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20230308 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Dysbiosis MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology PMC - PMC10030519 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - dysbiosis OT - gut-brain-axis OT - gut-lung-axis OT - long Covid OT - microbiome OT - microbiota COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/03/28 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/28 19:07 PMCR- 2023/03/08 CRDT- 2023/03/27 03:35 PHST- 2022/10/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/03/28 19:07 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/27 03:35 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1080043 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Mar 8;14:1080043. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1080043. eCollection 2023. PMID- 36963124 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230411 LR - 20250626 IS - 1532-2653 (Electronic) IS - 0967-5868 (Print) IS - 0967-5868 (Linking) VI - 111 DP - 2023 May TI - Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) following COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review. PG - 57-70 LID - S0967-5868(23)00066-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.03.008 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Although global vaccination against COVID-19 infection has its excellence, potential side effects are yet of concern. Several lines of evidence have proposed ADEM occurrence after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, a large number of case reports and case series have also suggested the casual association between ADEM and COVID-19 vaccination. To better understand the development of ADEM following COVID-19 vaccination and its potential association, we aimed to systematically review ADEM cases reported after COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive systematic search using three databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies that reported ADEM after COVID-19 vaccination were eligible to include in our study. Observational studies, case reports, and case series which reported cases of ADEM with sufficient detail to confirm clinical diagnosis following COVID-19 vaccination were eligible to enter our study. RESULTS: Twenty studies were included in our systematic review after the abstract and full-text screening with a total of 54 cases. Among included patients, 45 (85.1 %) developed ADEM after the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, and seven (12.9 %) cases experienced ADEM after the second dose. The median time interval between vaccination and neurological symptoms was 14 days which ranged from 12 h to 63 days. Twelve (22.2 %) patients experienced symptoms of muscle weakness, ten (18.5 %) presented unconsciousness, nine (16.6 %) patients had urinary complaints, nine (16.6 %) had visual impairments, and five (9.2 %) experienced a seizure. After treatments, four (13.8 %) patients died. Forty-six patients had clinical improvement (85.1 %), also improvement in brain MRI was observed among 44 (81.4 %) patients. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, it is not clear that ADEM could be a potential complication of COVID-19 vaccination based on the current evidence and further studies are needed. However, this rare condition should not trigger stopping the mass vaccination programs since the only way to eradicate the current pandemic of COVID-19 is to extend the number of immunized people. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Nabizadeh, Fardin AU - Nabizadeh F AD - Neuroscience Research Group (NRG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: Fardinnabizade1378@gmail.com. FAU - Noori, Maryam AU - Noori M AD - Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Rahmani, Shayan AU - Rahmani S AD - School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Hosseini, Helia AU - Hosseini H AD - Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20230322 PL - Scotland TA - J Clin Neurosci JT - Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia JID - 9433352 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM CIN - J Clin Neurosci. 2023 Sep;115:164. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.04.010. PMID: 37088619 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/complications MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated/etiology/diagnosis MH - Observational Studies as Topic MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/adverse effects PMC - PMC10030273 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADEM OT - Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Neurological OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/03/25 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/11 06:41 PMCR- 2023/03/22 CRDT- 2023/03/24 19:00 PHST- 2022/11/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/11 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/24 19:00 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0967-5868(23)00066-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.03.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Neurosci. 2023 May;111:57-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.03.008. Epub 2023 Mar 22. PMID- 36958334 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230414 LR - 20240916 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Apr 11 TI - SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection induces rapid memory and de novo T cell responses. PG - 879-892.e4 LID - S1074-7613(23)00091-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.02.017 [doi] AB - Although the protective role of neutralizing antibodies against COVID-19 is well established, questions remain about the relative importance of cellular immunity. Using 6 pMHC multimers in a cohort with early and frequent sampling, we define the phenotype and kinetics of recalled and primary T cell responses following Delta or Omicron breakthrough infection in previously vaccinated individuals. Recall of spike-specific CD4(+) T cells was rapid, with cellular proliferation and extensive activation evident as early as 1 day post symptom onset. Similarly, spike-specific CD8(+) T cells were rapidly activated but showed variable degrees of expansion. The frequency of activated SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8(+) T cells at baseline and peak inversely correlated with peak SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in nasal swabs and accelerated viral clearance. Our study demonstrates that a rapid and extensive recall of memory T cell populations occurs early after breakthrough infection and suggests that CD8(+) T cells contribute to the control of viral replication in breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Koutsakos, Marios AU - Koutsakos M AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. Electronic address: marios.koutsakos@unimelb.edu.au. FAU - Reynaldi, Arnold AU - Reynaldi A AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia. FAU - Lee, Wen Shi AU - Lee WS AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Nguyen, Julie AU - Nguyen J AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Amarasena, Thakshila AU - Amarasena T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Taiaroa, George AU - Taiaroa G AD - Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Kinsella, Paul AU - Kinsella P AD - Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Liew, Kwee Chin AU - Liew KC AD - Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Tran, Thomas AU - Tran T AD - Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Kent, Helen E AU - Kent HE AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Tan, Hyon-Xhi AU - Tan HX AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Rowntree, Louise C AU - Rowntree LC AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Nguyen, Thi H O AU - Nguyen THO AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Thomas, Paul G AU - Thomas PG AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Kedzierska, Katherine AU - Kedzierska K AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Petersen, Jan AU - Petersen J AD - Infection and Immunity Program and The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Rossjohn, Jamie AU - Rossjohn J AD - Infection and Immunity Program and The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK. FAU - Williamson, Deborah A AU - Williamson DA AD - Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Khoury, David AU - Khoury D AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia. FAU - Davenport, Miles P AU - Davenport MP AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia. FAU - Kent, Stephen J AU - Kent SJ AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Wheatley, Adam K AU - Wheatley AK AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Juno, Jennifer A AU - Juno JA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. Electronic address: jennifer.juno@unimelb.edu.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230228 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (RNA, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - COVID-19 breakthrough infections SB - IM CIN - Nat Immunol. 2023 Apr;24(4):560. doi: 10.1038/s41590-023-01489-y. PMID: 36959298 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - RNA, Viral MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9970913 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4 T cell immunity OT - CD8 T cell immunity OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Delta OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell OT - breakthrough infection OT - multimer OT - vaccination COIS- Declaration of interests M.K. has acted as a consultant for Sanofi group of companies. EDAT- 2023/03/24 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/14 06:42 PMCR- 2023/02/28 CRDT- 2023/03/23 19:42 PHST- 2022/12/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/14 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/23 19:42 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(23)00091-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.02.017 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2023 Apr 11;56(4):879-892.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.02.017. Epub 2023 Feb 28. PMID- 36951829 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230607 LR - 20230721 IS - 2168-6114 (Electronic) IS - 2168-6106 (Print) IS - 2168-6106 (Linking) VI - 183 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Jun 1 TI - Association of Treatment With Nirmatrelvir and the Risk of Post-COVID-19 Condition. PG - 554-564 LID - 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.0743 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC), also known as long COVID, affects many individuals. Prevention of PCC is an urgent public health priority. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether treatment with nirmatrelvir in the acute phase of COVID-19 is associated with reduced risk of PCC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used the health care databases of the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to identify patients who had a SARS-CoV-2 positive test result between January 3, 2022, and December 31, 2022, who were not hospitalized on the day of the positive test result, who had at least 1 risk factor for progression to severe COVID-19 illness, and who had survived the first 30 days after SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Those who were treated with oral nirmatrelvir within 5 days after the positive test (n = 35 717) and those who received no COVID-19 antiviral or antibody treatment during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection (control group, n = 246 076) were identified. EXPOSURES: Treatment with nirmatrelvir or receipt of no COVID-19 antiviral or antibody treatment based on prescription records. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Inverse probability weighted survival models were used to estimate the association of nirmatrelvir (vs control) with post-acute death, post-acute hospitalization, and a prespecified panel of 13 post-acute COVID-19 sequelae (components of PCC) and reported in relative scale as relative risk (RR) or hazard ratio (HR) and in absolute scale as absolute risk reduction in percentage at 180 days (ARR). RESULTS: A total of 281 793 patients (mean [SD] age, 61.99 [14.96]; 242 383 [86.01%] male) who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result and had at least 1 risk factor for progression to severe COVID-19 illness were studied. Among them, 246 076 received no COVID-19 antiviral or antibody treatment during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 35 717 received oral nirmatrelvir within 5 days after the positive SARS-CoV-2 test result. Compared with the control group, nirmatrelvir was associated with reduced risk of PCC (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.72-0.77; ARR, 4.51%; 95% CI, 4.01-4.99), including reduced risk of 10 of 13 post-acute sequelae (components of PCC) in the cardiovascular system (dysrhythmia and ischemic heart disease), coagulation and hematologic disorders (pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis), fatigue and malaise, acute kidney disease, muscle pain, neurologic system (neurocognitive impairment and dysautonomia), and shortness of breath. Nirmatrelvir was also associated with reduced risk of post-acute death (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.46-0.61); ARR, 0.65%; 95% CI, 0.54-0.77), and post-acute hospitalization (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.73-0.80; ARR, 1.72%; 95% CI, 1.42-2.01). Nirmatrelvir was associated with reduced risk of PCC in people who were unvaccinated, vaccinated, and boosted, and in people with primary SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This cohort study found that in people with SARS-CoV-2 infection who had at least 1 risk factor for progression to severe disease, treatment with nirmatrelvir within 5 days of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result was associated with reduced risk of PCC across the risk spectrum in this cohort and regardless of vaccination status and history of prior infection; the totality of findings suggests that treatment with nirmatrelvir during the acute phase of COVID-19 may reduce the risk of post-acute adverse health outcomes. FAU - Xie, Yan AU - Xie Y AD - Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Development Service, VA St Louis Health Care System, St Louis, Missouri. AD - Veterans Research and Education Foundation of St Louis, St Louis, Missouri. FAU - Choi, Taeyoung AU - Choi T AD - Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Development Service, VA St Louis Health Care System, St Louis, Missouri. AD - Veterans Research and Education Foundation of St Louis, St Louis, Missouri. FAU - Al-Aly, Ziyad AU - Al-Aly Z AD - Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Development Service, VA St Louis Health Care System, St Louis, Missouri. AD - Veterans Research and Education Foundation of St Louis, St Louis, Missouri. AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri. AD - Nephrology Section, Medicine Service, VA St Louis Health Care System, St Louis, Missouri. AD - Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PL - United States TA - JAMA Intern Med JT - JAMA internal medicine JID - 101589534 RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) SB - IM CIN - JAMA Intern Med. 2023 Jun 1;183(6):565. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.0760. PMID: 36951848 MH - Male MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Female MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - COVID-19 Testing MH - Cohort Studies MH - Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use MH - Disease Progression PMC - PMC10037200 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Al-Aly reported receiving consultation fees from Gilead Sciences and Tonix Pharmaceuticals and consulting (uncompensated) for Pfizer. EDAT- 2023/03/24 06:00 MHDA- 2023/06/07 06:42 PMCR- 2023/03/23 CRDT- 2023/03/23 11:33 PHST- 2023/06/07 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/23 11:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2802878 [pii] AID - ioi230016 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.0743 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA Intern Med. 2023 Jun 1;183(6):554-564. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.0743. PMID- 36946625 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230329 LR - 20250530 IS - 1744-7666 (Electronic) IS - 1465-6566 (Print) IS - 1465-6566 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Mar TI - An update on the use of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. PG - 495-509 LID - 10.1080/14656566.2023.2178898 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disorder of the CNS manifested by recurrent attacks of neurological symptoms (related to focal inflammation) and gradual disability accrual (related to progressive neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation). Sphingosine-1-phosphate-receptor (S1PR) modulators are a class of oral disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for relapsing MS. The first S1PR modulator developed and approved for MS was fingolimod, followed by siponimod, ozanimod, and ponesimod. All are S1P analogues with different S1PR-subtype selectivity. They restrain the S1P-dependent lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes by binding the lymphocytic S1P-subtype-1-receptor. Depending on their pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, they can also interfere with other biological functions. AREAS COVERED: Our narrative review covers the PubMed English literature on S1PR modulators in MS until August 2022. We discuss their pharmacology, efficacy, safety profile, and risk management recommendations based on the results of phase II and III clinical trials. We briefly address their impact on the risk of infections and vaccines efficacy. EXPERT OPINION: S1PR modulators decrease relapse rate and may modestly delay disease progression in people with relapsing MS. Aside their established benefit, their place and timing within the long-term DMT strategy in MS, as well as their immunological effects in the new and evolving context of the post-COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination campaigns warrant further study. FAU - Dumitrescu, Laura AU - Dumitrescu L AD - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania. AD - Department of Neurology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Papathanasiou, Athanasios AU - Papathanasiou A AD - Department of Neurology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK. FAU - Coclitu, Catalina AU - Coclitu C AD - Department of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, CHU Grenoble, Grenoble, France. FAU - Garjani, Afagh AU - Garjani A AD - Academic Clinical Neurology, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. FAU - Evangelou, Nikos AU - Evangelou N AD - Department of Neurology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK. AD - Academic Clinical Neurology, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. FAU - Constantinescu, Cris S AU - Constantinescu CS AD - Academic Clinical Neurology, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. AD - Department of Neurology, Cooper Neurological Institute, Camden, NJ, USA. FAU - Popescu, Bogdan Ovidiu AU - Popescu BO AD - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania. AD - Department of Neurology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Tanasescu, Radu AU - Tanasescu R AD - Department of Neurology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK. AD - Academic Clinical Neurology, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. LA - eng GR - MR/T024402/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230322 PL - England TA - Expert Opin Pharmacother JT - Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy JID - 100897346 RN - 0 (Sphingosine 1 Phosphate Receptor Modulators) RN - 0 (Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy MH - *Sphingosine 1 Phosphate Receptor Modulators/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors/metabolism MH - Pandemics MH - *COVID-19 MH - Recurrence PMC - PMC10069376 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fingolimod OT - multiple sclerosis OT - ozanimod OT - ponesimod OT - siponimod OT - sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators COIS- L Dumitrescu received support for attending scientific meetings from Stada M&D, Sanofi, AbbVie, Biogen Idec and Teva. R Tanasescu received grant income from UK MRC (CARP MR/T024402/1). R Tanasescu also received support for attending scientific meetings from AbbVie, Biogen Idec, Teva and Genzyme, and consultancy fees from Johnson & Johnson Romania. C Coclitu received support for attending scientific meetings and consultancy fees from Novartis, Merck, and Roche. C S Constantinescu received research grant support, support for attending scientific meetings, and consultancy fees from Biogen Idec, Bayer Schering, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Morphosys, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi Pasteur and Merck Sharp and Dohme. A Garjani's institution received research support from the UK MS Society and Merck; A Garjani received support for attending scientific meetings from Merck and Novartis, and consultancy fees from the MS Academy and Biogen. N Evangelou has served as a member of advisory boards for Biogen, Merck, Novartis, and Roche, received grant income from the United Kingdom Multiple Sclerosis Society, UK MRC, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), and NIHR. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. EDAT- 2023/03/23 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/29 06:04 PMCR- 2023/03/22 CRDT- 2023/03/22 09:32 PHST- 2023/03/29 06:04 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/22 09:32 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2178898 [pii] AID - 10.1080/14656566.2023.2178898 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2023 Mar;24(4):495-509. doi: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2178898. Epub 2023 Mar 22. PMID- 36944716 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230323 LR - 20260127 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Mar 21 TI - Human memory T cell dynamics after aluminum-adjuvanted inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. PG - 4610 LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-31347-8 [doi] LID - 4610 AB - This study evaluates the functional capacity of CD4(+) and CD8(+) terminally-differentiated effector (T(EMRA)), central memory (T(CM)), and effector memory (T(EM)) cells obtained from the volunteers vaccinated with an aluminum-adjuvanted inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac). The volunteers were followed for T cell immune responses following the termination of a randomized phase III clinical trial. Seven days and four months after the second dose of the vaccine, the memory T cell subsets were collected and stimulated by autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mDCs) loaded with SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S1. Compared to the placebo group, memory T cells from the vaccinated individuals significantly proliferated in response to S1-loaded mDCs. CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory T cell proliferation was detected in 86% and 78% of the vaccinated individuals, respectively. More than 73% (after a short-term) and 62% (after an intermediate-term) of the vaccinated individuals harbored T(CM) and/or T(EM) cells that responded to S1-loaded mDCs by secreting IFN-gamma. The expression of CD25, CD38, 4-1BB, PD-1, and CD107a indicated a modulation in the memory T cell subsets. Especially on day 120, PD-1 was upregulated on CD4(+) T(EMRA) and T(CM), and on CD8(+) T(EM) and T(CM) cells; accordingly, proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion capacities tended to decline after 4 months. In conclusion, the combination of inactivated whole-virion particles with aluminum adjuvants possesses capacities to induce functional T cell responses. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Tavukcuoglu, Ece AU - Tavukcuoglu E AD - Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Yanik, Hamdullah AU - Yanik H AD - Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Parveen, Mubaida AU - Parveen M AD - Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Uluturk, Sila AU - Uluturk S AD - Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Durusu-Tanriover, Mine AU - Durusu-Tanriover M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Inkaya, Ahmet Cagkan AU - Inkaya AC AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Akova, Murat AU - Akova M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Unal, Serhat AU - Unal S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Esendagli, Gunes AU - Esendagli G AD - Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. gunese@hacettepe.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase III PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230321 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - CPD4NFA903 (Aluminum) RN - 0 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor) RN - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic) RN - 0 (sinovac COVID-19 vaccine) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Aluminum MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Memory T Cells MH - Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Adjuvants, Immunologic MH - Vaccination MH - Virion MH - Vaccines, Inactivated PMC - PMC10028771 COIS- The publication and article processing charges were covered by the funding received from Sinovac Life Sciences Co., Ltd. The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of the data, the writing of this article or the decision to submit it for publication. The authors declare no other competing interests. EDAT- 2023/03/23 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/24 06:00 PMCR- 2023/03/21 CRDT- 2023/03/22 00:20 PHST- 2022/11/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/03/22 00:20 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-31347-8 [pii] AID - 31347 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-31347-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 21;13(1):4610. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31347-8. PMID- 36936918 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230327 LR - 20240201 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Functional SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells of donor origin in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients of a T-cell-replete infusion: A prospective observational study. PG - 1114131 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1114131 [doi] LID - 1114131 AB - In the current post-pandemic era, recipients of an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) deserve special attention. In these vulnerable patients, vaccine effectiveness is reduced by post-transplant immune-suppressive therapy; consequently, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) is often associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 adaptive immunity transfer from immune donors to HCT recipients in the context of immunosuppression will help identify optimal timing and vaccination strategies that can provide adequate protection to HCT recipients against infection with evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants. We performed a prospective observational study (NCT04666025 at ClinicalTrials.gov) to longitudinally monitor the transfer of SARS-CoV-2-specific antiviral immunity from HCT donors, who were either vaccinated or had a history of COVID-19, to their recipients via T-cell replete graft. Levels, function, and quality of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses were longitudinally analyzed up to 6 months post-HCT in 14 matched unrelated donor/recipients and four haploidentical donor/recipient pairs. A markedly skewed donor-derived SARS-CoV-2 CD4 T-cell response was measurable in 15 (83%) recipients. It showed a polarized Th1 functional profile, with the prevalence of central memory phenotype subsets. SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-gamma was detectable throughout the observation period, including early post-transplant (day +30). Functionally experienced SARS-CoV-2 Th1-type T cells promptly expanded in two recipients at the time of post-HCT vaccination and in two others who were infected and survived post-transplant COVID-19 infection. Our data suggest that donor-derived SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses are functional in immunosuppressed recipients and may play a critical role in post-HCT vaccine response and protection from the fatal disease. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04666025. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 La Rosa, Chiuppesi, Park, Zhou, Yang, Gendzekhadze, Ly, Li, Kaltcheva, Ortega Francisco, Gutierrez, Ali, Otoukesh, Amanam, Salhotra, Pullarkat, Aldoss, Rosenzweig, Aribi, Stein, Marcucci, Dadwal, Nakamura, Forman, Al Malki and Diamond. FAU - La Rosa, Corinna AU - La Rosa C AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Chiuppesi, Flavia AU - Chiuppesi F AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Park, Yoonsuh AU - Park Y AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Zhou, Qiao AU - Zhou Q AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Yang, Dongyun AU - Yang D AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Gendzekhadze, Ketevan AU - Gendzekhadze K AD - Histocompatibility Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Ly, Minh AU - Ly M AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Li, Jing AU - Li J AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Kaltcheva, Teodora AU - Kaltcheva T AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Ortega Francisco, Sandra AU - Ortega Francisco S AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Gutierrez, Miguel-Angel AU - Gutierrez MA AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Ali, Haris AU - Ali H AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Otoukesh, Salman AU - Otoukesh S AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Amanam, Idoroenyi AU - Amanam I AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Salhotra, Amandeep AU - Salhotra A AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Pullarkat, Vinod A AU - Pullarkat VA AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Aldoss, Ibrahim AU - Aldoss I AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Rosenzweig, Michael AU - Rosenzweig M AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Aribi, Ahmed M AU - Aribi AM AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Stein, Anthony S AU - Stein AS AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Marcucci, Guido AU - Marcucci G AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Dadwal, Sanjeet Singh AU - Dadwal SS AD - Department of Infectious Disease, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Nakamura, Ryotaro AU - Nakamura R AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Forman, Stephen J AU - Forman SJ AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Al Malki, Monzr M AU - Al Malki MM AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. FAU - Diamond, Don J AU - Diamond DJ AD - Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04666025 GR - P50 CA107399/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA181045/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI163090/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI128913/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20230303 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Tissue Donors MH - Transplant Recipients MH - *T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines PMC - PMC10020189 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD137+ T cells OT - IFN-gamma response OT - SARS-CoV-2 T cells OT - hematopoietic cell transplant OT - memory phenotype COIS- CLR received consulting fees and research funding from Helocyte Inc. DJD received consulting fees, patent royalties, research funding, and fees for serving on the advisory board of Helocyte Inc. In addition, DJD has two patents, 8,580,276 and 9,675,689, that are licensed to Helocyte. DJD and FC are co-inventors of the Patent Cooperation Treaty PCT application that covers the development of a COVID-19 vaccine PCT/US2021/032821 licensed to GeoVax Labs Inc. DD receives consulting fees and research support from GeoVax Labs Inc. RN is a consultant for Omeros, Bluebird, Viracor Eurofins, Magenta Therapeutics, Kadmon, and Napajen Pharma; received research funding from Helocyte, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical; and receives travel, accommodations, expenses from Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Alexion Pharmaceuticals. SD is a consultant for Merck, Allovir, and Aseptiscope; an Advisory board for Merck and Aseptiscope; an investigator for Allovir, Merck, Ansun, Gilead, Janssen, Shire/Takeda; and on the speaker's bureau of Merck, Takeda, and Astellas. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/03/21 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/22 06:00 PMCR- 2023/03/03 CRDT- 2023/03/20 03:56 PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/03/20 03:56 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1114131 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Mar 3;14:1114131. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1114131. eCollection 2023. PMID- 36932291 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230619 LR - 20231121 IS - 1573-2592 (Electronic) IS - 0271-9142 (Print) IS - 0271-9142 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 5 DP - 2023 Jul TI - Impaired B Cell Recall Memory and Reduced Antibody Avidity but Robust T Cell Response in CVID Patients After COVID-19 Vaccination. PG - 869-881 LID - 10.1007/s10875-023-01468-w [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Humoral and cellular immune responses were described after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID). This study aimed to investigate SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody quality and memory function of B cell immunity as well as T cell responses after COVID-19 vaccination in seroresponding and non-responding CVID patients. METHODS: We evaluated antibody avidity and applied a memory B cell ELSPOT assay for functional B cell recall memory response to SARS-CoV-2 after COVID-19 vaccination in CVID seroresponders. We comparatively analyzed SARS-CoV-2 spike reactive polyfunctional T cell response and reactive peripheral follicular T helper cells (pT(FH)) by flow cytometry in seroresponding and non-seroresponding CVID patients. All CVID patients had previously failed to mount a humoral response to pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. RESULTS: SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody avidity of seroresponding CVID patients was significantly lower than in healthy controls. Only 30% of seroresponding CVID patients showed a minimal memory B cell recall response in ELISPOT assay. One hundred percent of CVID seroresponders and 83% of non-seroresponders had a detectable polyfunctional T cell response. Induction of antigen-specific CD4(+)CD154(+)CD137(+)CXCR5(+) pT(FH) cells by the COVID-19 vaccine was higher in CVID seroresponder than in non-seroresponder. Levels of pT(FH) did not correlate with antibody response or avidity. CONCLUSION: Reduced avidity and significantly impaired recall memory formation after COVID-19 vaccination in seroresponding CVID patients stress the importance of a more differentiated analysis of humoral immune response in CVID patients. Our observations challenge the clinical implications that follow the binary categorization into seroresponder and non-seroresponder. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Steiner, Sophie AU - Steiner S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2217-7566 AD - Institute of Medical Immunology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat Zu Berlin, Campus Virchow, Augustenburger Platz 1/Sudstrasse 2, 13353, Berlin, Germany. AD - Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Schwarz, Tatjana AU - Schwarz T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6054-4750 AD - Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Institute of Virology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Associated Partner, Chariteplatz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Corman, Victor M AU - Corman VM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3605-0136 AD - Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Institute of Virology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Associated Partner, Chariteplatz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. AD - Labor Berlin-Charite Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Jeworowski, Lara M AU - Jeworowski LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4159-4189 AD - Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Institute of Virology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Associated Partner, Chariteplatz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Bauer, Sandra AU - Bauer S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3497-4730 AD - Institute of Medical Immunology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat Zu Berlin, Campus Virchow, Augustenburger Platz 1/Sudstrasse 2, 13353, Berlin, Germany. AD - Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Drosten, Christian AU - Drosten C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7923-0519 AD - Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Institute of Virology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Associated Partner, Chariteplatz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Scheibenbogen, Carmen AU - Scheibenbogen C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8554-9638 AD - Institute of Medical Immunology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat Zu Berlin, Campus Virchow, Augustenburger Platz 1/Sudstrasse 2, 13353, Berlin, Germany. AD - Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Berlin Institute of Health at Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Chariteplatz 1, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hanitsch, Leif G AU - Hanitsch LG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8181-0093 AD - Institute of Medical Immunology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt Universitat Zu Berlin, Campus Virchow, Augustenburger Platz 1/Sudstrasse 2, 13353, Berlin, Germany. leif-gunnar.hanitsch@charite.de. AD - Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. leif-gunnar.hanitsch@charite.de. AD - Berlin Institute of Health at Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Chariteplatz 1, Berlin, Germany. leif-gunnar.hanitsch@charite.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230317 PL - Netherlands TA - J Clin Immunol JT - Journal of clinical immunology JID - 8102137 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Memory B Cells MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Antibody Affinity MH - *Common Variable Immunodeficiency/therapy MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC10023009 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - CVID OT - T cell response OT - antibody response OT - memory OT - vaccination COIS- VMC is named together with Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin and Euroimmun GmbH on a patent application (Methods and reagents for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pub number 20210190797) filed recently regarding the diagnostic of SARS-CoV-2 by antibody testing. The other authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. EDAT- 2023/03/19 06:00 MHDA- 2023/06/19 13:08 PMCR- 2023/03/17 CRDT- 2023/03/18 00:28 PHST- 2022/12/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/19 13:08 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/18 00:28 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10875-023-01468-w [pii] AID - 1468 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10875-023-01468-w [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Immunol. 2023 Jul;43(5):869-881. doi: 10.1007/s10875-023-01468-w. Epub 2023 Mar 17. PMID- 36921035 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230320 LR - 20230417 IS - 1946-6242 (Electronic) IS - 1946-6234 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 687 DP - 2023 Mar 15 TI - Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection enhances and reshapes spike protein-specific memory induced by vaccination. PG - eade0550 LID - 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade0550 [doi] AB - The diversity of vaccination modalities and infection history are both variables that have an impact on the immune memory of individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. To gain more accurate knowledge of how these parameters imprint on immune memory, we conducted a long-term follow-up of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific immune memory in unvaccinated and vaccinated COVID-19 convalescent individuals as well as in infection-naive vaccinated individuals. Here, we report that individuals from the convalescent vaccinated (hybrid immunity) group have the highest concentrations of spike protein-specific antibodies at 6 months after vaccination. As compared with infection-naive vaccinated individuals, they also display increased frequencies of an atypical mucosa-targeted memory B cell subset. These individuals also exhibited enhanced T(H)1 polarization of their SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific follicular T helper cell pool. Together, our data suggest that prior SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the titers of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific antibody responses elicited by subsequent vaccination and induces modifications in the composition of the spike protein-specific memory B cell pool that are compatible with enhanced functional protection at mucosal sites. FAU - Barateau, Veronique AU - Barateau V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7265-4335 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Peyrot, Loic AU - Peyrot L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8437-8470 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Saade, Carla AU - Saade C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5964-0588 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Pozzetto, Bruno AU - Pozzetto B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2603-8467 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. AD - Immunology laboratory, CIC1408, CHU Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne 42055, France. FAU - Brengel-Pesce, Karen AU - Brengel-Pesce K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8795-0647 AD - Laboratoire Commun de Recherche Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite 69495, France. FAU - Elsensohn, Mad-Helenie AU - Elsensohn MH AD - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pole Sante Publique, Service de Biostatistique et Bioinformatique, Lyon 69003, France. AD - CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Sante, Villeurbanne 69100, France. FAU - Allatif, Omran AU - Allatif O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2539-972X AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Guibert, Nicolas AU - Guibert N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1192-8301 AD - Occupational Health and Medicine Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon1, Ifsttar, UMRESTTE, UMR T_9405, Lyon University, Avenue Rockefeller, Lyon 69008, France. FAU - Compagnon, Christelle AU - Compagnon C AD - Laboratoire Commun de Recherche Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite 69495, France. FAU - Mariano, Natacha AU - Mariano N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8184-6830 AD - BIOASTER, 40 Avenue Tony Garnier, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Chaix, Julie AU - Chaix J AD - BIOASTER, 40 Avenue Tony Garnier, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Djebali, Sophia AU - Djebali S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0567-5387 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Fassier, Jean-Baptiste AU - Fassier JB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3885-4987 AD - Occupational Health and Medicine Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon1, Ifsttar, UMRESTTE, UMR T_9405, Lyon University, Avenue Rockefeller, Lyon 69008, France. FAU - Lina, Bruno AU - Lina B AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. AD - Virology laboratory, Institute of Infectious Agents, National Reference Centre for Respiratory Viruses, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69317, France. FAU - Lefsihane, Katia AU - Lefsihane K AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Espi, Maxime AU - Espi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1000-4737 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Thaunat, Olivier AU - Thaunat O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3648-8963 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Marvel, Jacqueline AU - Marvel J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6241-459X AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Rosa-Calatrava, Manuel AU - Rosa-Calatrava M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7559-9527 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Pizzorno, Andres AU - Pizzorno A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0918-6804 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Maucort-Boulch, Delphine AU - Maucort-Boulch D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0042-7787 AD - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pole Sante Publique, Service de Biostatistique et Bioinformatique, Lyon 69003, France. AD - CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Sante, Villeurbanne 69100, France. FAU - Henaff, Laetitia AU - Henaff L AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. AD - Service D'Hygiene, Epidemiologie, Infectiovigilance et Prevention, Hopital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69008, France. FAU - Saadatian-Elahi, Mitra AU - Saadatian-Elahi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1265-8806 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. AD - Service D'Hygiene, Epidemiologie, Infectiovigilance et Prevention, Hopital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69008, France. FAU - Vanhems, Philippe AU - Vanhems P AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. AD - Service D'Hygiene, Epidemiologie, Infectiovigilance et Prevention, Hopital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69008, France. FAU - Paul, Stephane AU - Paul S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8830-4273 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. AD - Immunology laboratory, CIC1408, CHU Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne 42055, France. FAU - Walzer, Thierry AU - Walzer T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0857-8179 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. FAU - Trouillet-Assant, Sophie AU - Trouillet-Assant S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6439-4705 AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. AD - Laboratoire Commun de Recherche Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMerieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite 69495, France. FAU - Defrance, Thierry AU - Defrance T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6943-358X AD - CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Universite Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon 69007, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230315 PL - United States TA - Sci Transl Med JT - Science translational medicine JID - 101505086 RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Antibodies MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing EDAT- 2023/03/16 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/21 06:00 CRDT- 2023/03/15 14:04 PHST- 2023/03/15 14:04 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/21 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade0550 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Transl Med. 2023 Mar 15;15(687):eade0550. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade0550. Epub 2023 Mar 15. PMID- 36919674 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240110 LR - 20240110 IS - 1365-2702 (Electronic) IS - 0962-1067 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Professional quality of life and fear of COVID-19 among Spanish nurses: A longitudinal repeated cross-sectional study. PG - 357-367 LID - 10.1111/jocn.16688 [doi] AB - AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate changes in compassion fatigue (CF), burnout (BO), compassion satisfaction (CS) and fear of COVID-19 among Spanish nurses by comparing two assessment points: before and after the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has produced a great impact in healthcare worker's professional quality of life, especially among nurses. CF, BO and fear of COVID-19 decisively affect the care provided by nurses and put them at risk for mental health problems, so longitudinal studies are essential. DESIGN: A repeated cross-sectional design was carried out with a time-lapse of 12 months. METHODS: A total of 439 registered nurses in December 2020 and 410 in December 2021 participated in this study through an online survey. Data were collected using the Professional Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Occupational and sociodemographic variables were also analysed. This article adheres to the STROBE guidelines for the reporting of observational studies. RESULTS: The fear of COVID-19 has not been reduced among nurses. The levels of BO remain stable and continue to be high in half of the professionals. CF has been reduced with a small effect size (d = 0.30), while CS has also decreased (d = 0.30). Positive correlations were found in both assessment points between fear of COVID-19 and BO (r = .44, p 0.05) in this special population. No other behavioral factors, diagnosis, or demographics were significant as predictors, for the clinical psychiatric population surveyed, except the educational level. Implications for future vaccination acceptance of this special population are discussed. FAU - Marcu, Gabriela Mariana AU - Marcu GM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2508-3749 AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550201 Sibiu, Romania. AD - Collective of Scientific Research in Neurosciences of the Clinical Psychiatry Hospital "Dr. Gheorghe Preda", 550082 Sibiu, Romania. AD - Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Radu, Ana Maria AU - Radu AM AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550201 Sibiu, Romania. AD - Psychology Department, Faculty of Sociology and Psychology, West University of Timisoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Bucuta, Mihaela Dana AU - Bucuta MD AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550201 Sibiu, Romania. FAU - Fleaca, Radu Sorin AU - Fleaca RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2444-9828 AD - Faculty of Medicine, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania. FAU - Tanasescu, Ciprian AU - Tanasescu C AD - Faculty of Medicine, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania. FAU - Roman, Mihai Dan AU - Roman MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9856-8515 AD - Faculty of Medicine, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania. FAU - Boicean, Adrian AU - Boicean A AD - Faculty of Medicine, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania. FAU - Bacila, Ciprian Ionut AU - Bacila CI AD - Collective of Scientific Research in Neurosciences of the Clinical Psychiatry Hospital "Dr. Gheorghe Preda", 550082 Sibiu, Romania. AD - Faculty of Medicine, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania. LA - eng GR - contract no. 28 PFE/30 December 2021/Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230215 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9961952 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - decision-making OT - health beliefs OT - prediction OT - preventive behavior OT - psychiatric population OT - risk perception OT - trust OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2023/03/01 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/01 06:01 PMCR- 2023/02/15 CRDT- 2023/02/28 01:33 PHST- 2023/01/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/28 01:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/01 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11020441 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-00441 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11020441 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Feb 15;11(2):441. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11020441. PMID- 36851231 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230301 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb 3 TI - Long-Term Immunological Memory of SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies for up to a Year after Vaccination. LID - 10.3390/vaccines11020354 [doi] LID - 354 AB - Some studies have found increased coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)-related morbidity and mortality in patients with primary antibody deficiencies. Immunization against COVID-19 may, therefore, be particularly important in these patients. However, the durability of the immune response remains unclear in such patients. In this study, we evaluated the cellular and humoral response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in a cross-sectional study of 32 patients with primary antibody deficiency (n = 17 with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and n = 15 with selective IgA deficiency) and 15 healthy controls. Serological and cellular responses were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and interferon-gamma release assays. The subsets of B and T lymphocytes were measured using flow cytometry. Of the 32 patients, 28 had completed the vaccination regimen with a median time after vaccination of 173 days (IQR = 142): 27 patients showed a positive spike-peptide-specific antibody response, and 26 patients showed a positive spike-peptide-specific T-cell response. The median level of antibody response in CVID patients (5.47 ratio (IQR = 4.08)) was lower compared to healthy controls (9.43 ratio (IQR = 2.13)). No difference in anti-spike T-cell response was found between the groups. The results of this study indicate that markers of the sustained SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific immune response are detectable several months after vaccination in patients with primary antibody deficiencies comparable to controls. FAU - Lucane, Zane AU - Lucane Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5356-2037 AD - Riga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. FAU - Slisere, Baiba AU - Slisere B AD - Riga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. AD - Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. FAU - Ozola, Lota AU - Ozola L AD - Children's Clinical University Hospital, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. FAU - Rots, Dmitrijs AU - Rots D AD - Riga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. AD - Children's Clinical University Hospital, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. FAU - Papirte, Sindija AU - Papirte S AD - Riga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. FAU - Vilne, Baiba AU - Vilne B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1084-7067 AD - Riga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. FAU - Gailite, Linda AU - Gailite L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7219-1294 AD - Riga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. FAU - Kurjane, Natalja AU - Kurjane N AD - Riga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. AD - Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. AD - Children's Clinical University Hospital, Riga LV-1007, Latvia. LA - eng GR - lzp-2020/1-0269/Latvian Council of Science/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230203 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9959530 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T-cell response OT - antibody deficiency OT - antibody response OT - common variable immunodeficiency OT - immune response OT - inborn error of immunity OT - selective IgA deficiency COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/03/01 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/01 06:01 PMCR- 2023/02/03 CRDT- 2023/02/28 01:31 PHST- 2023/01/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/28 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/01 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11020354 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-00354 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11020354 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Feb 3;11(2):354. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11020354. PMID- 36840605 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230501 LR - 20230503 IS - 1477-0970 (Electronic) IS - 1352-4585 (Print) IS - 1352-4585 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 4-5 DP - 2023 Apr TI - Acute central nervous system inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination: An observational cohort study. PG - 595-605 LID - 10.1177/13524585231154780 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Reports suggest a potential association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and acute central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to describe features of acute CNS inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS: A retrospective observational cohort study was performed at the BARLO MS Centre in Toronto, Canada. Clinicians reported acute CNS inflammatory events within 60 days after a COVID-19 vaccine from March 2021 to August 2022. Clinical characteristics were evaluated. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients (median age 39 (range: 20-82) years; 60.5% female) presented within 0-55 (median 15) days of a receiving a COVID-19 vaccine and were diagnosed with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) (n = 16), post-vaccine transverse myelitis (n = 7), clinically isolated syndrome (n = 5), MS relapse (n = 4), tumefactive demyelination (n = 2), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (n = 1), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (n = 1), chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (n = 1) and primary autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (n = 1). Twenty-two received acute treatment and 21 started disease-modifying therapy. Sixteen received subsequent COVID-19 vaccination, of which 87.5% had no new or worsening neurological symptoms. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the largest study describing acute CNS inflammation after COVID-19 vaccination. We could not determine whether the number of inflammatory events was higher than expected. FAU - Lee, Sydney AU - Lee S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8591-2062 AD - Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Muccilli, Alexandra AU - Muccilli A AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, BARLO MS Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Schneider, Raphael AU - Schneider R AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, BARLO MS Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Selchen, Daniel AU - Selchen D AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, BARLO MS Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Krysko, Kristen M AU - Krysko KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0090-597X AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, BARLO MS Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20230225 PL - England TA - Mult Scler JT - Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) JID - 9509185 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein) SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local MH - Central Nervous System MH - *Neuromyelitis Optica MH - Cohort Studies MH - Inflammation/etiology MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein PMC - PMC9969223 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - central nervous system OT - demyelinating diseases OT - multiple sclerosis OT - neuroinflammatory diseases OT - vaccination COIS- The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/01 06:42 PMCR- 2023/02/25 CRDT- 2023/02/25 06:52 PHST- 2023/05/01 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/25 06:52 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_13524585231154780 [pii] AID - 10.1177/13524585231154780 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mult Scler. 2023 Apr;29(4-5):595-605. doi: 10.1177/13524585231154780. Epub 2023 Feb 25. PMID- 36839573 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230301 IS - 2076-0817 (Print) IS - 2076-0817 (Electronic) IS - 2076-0817 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb 11 TI - Employing T-Cell Memory to Effectively Target SARS-CoV-2. LID - 10.3390/pathogens12020301 [doi] LID - 301 AB - Well-trained T-cell immunity is needed for early viral containment, especially with the help of an ideal vaccine. Although most severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected convalescent cases have recovered with the generation of virus-specific memory T cells, some cases have encountered T-cell abnormalities. The emergence of several mutant strains has even threatened the effectiveness of the T-cell immunity that was established with the first-generation vaccines. Currently, the development of next-generation vaccines involves trying several approaches to educate T-cell memory to trigger a broad and fast response that targets several viral proteins. As the shaping of T-cell immunity in its fast and efficient form becomes important, this review discusses several interesting vaccine approaches to effectively employ T-cell memory for efficient viral containment. In addition, some essential facts and future possible consequences of using current vaccines are also highlighted. FAU - Tun, Zaw Htet AU - Tun ZH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4225-8571 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL RCMP), Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia. FAU - Htike, Nang Thinn Thinn AU - Htike NTT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5658-1826 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL RCMP), Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia. FAU - Kyi-Tha-Thu, Chaw AU - Kyi-Tha-Thu C AD - Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita 286-8686, Japan. FAU - Lee, Wing-Hin AU - Lee WH AD - Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL RCMP), Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230211 PL - Switzerland TA - Pathogens JT - Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101596317 PMC - PMC9967959 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - lung TRM OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be constructed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/26 06:01 PMCR- 2023/02/11 CRDT- 2023/02/25 04:13 PHST- 2023/01/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/25 04:13 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pathogens12020301 [pii] AID - pathogens-12-00301 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pathogens12020301 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pathogens. 2023 Feb 11;12(2):301. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12020301. PMID- 36839441 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241005 IS - 2076-0817 (Print) IS - 2076-0817 (Electronic) IS - 2076-0817 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Jan 21 TI - First Impressions Matter: Immune Imprinting and Antibody Cross-Reactivity in Influenza and SARS-CoV-2. LID - 10.3390/pathogens12020169 [doi] LID - 169 AB - Many rigorous studies have shown that early childhood infections leave a lasting imprint on the immune system. The understanding of this phenomenon has expanded significantly since 1960, when Dr. Thomas Francis Jr first coined the term "original antigenic sin", to account for all previous pathogen exposures, rather than only the first. Now more commonly referred to as "immune imprinting", this effect most often focuses on how memory B-cell responses are shaped by prior antigen exposure, and the resultant antibodies produced after subsequent exposure to antigenically similar pathogens. Although imprinting was originally observed within the context of influenza viral infection, it has since been applied to the pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. To fully comprehend how imprinting affects the evolution of antibody responses, it is necessary to compare responses elicited by pathogenic strains that are both antigenically similar and dissimilar to strains encountered previously. To accomplish this, we must be able to measure the antigenic distance between strains, which can be easily accomplished using data from multidimensional immunological assays. The knowledge of imprinting, combined with antigenic distance measures, may allow for improvements in vaccine design and development for both influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses. FAU - King, Samantha M AU - King SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3568-7597 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. FAU - Bryan, Shane P AU - Bryan SP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5899-4528 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. FAU - Hilchey, Shannon P AU - Hilchey SP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1950-7381 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. FAU - Wang, Jiong AU - Wang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4938-5074 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. FAU - Zand, Martin S AU - Zand MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7095-8682 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. AD - Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14618, USA. LA - eng GR - OT2 HD107553/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI129518/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002001/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI129518/NH/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230121 PL - Switzerland TA - Pathogens JT - Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101596317 PMC - PMC9967769 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antigenic distance OT - cross-reactivity OT - immune imprinting OT - influenza OT - memory B cells OT - multidimensional assay COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/26 06:01 PMCR- 2023/01/21 CRDT- 2023/02/25 04:11 PHST- 2022/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/25 04:11 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pathogens12020169 [pii] AID - pathogens-12-00169 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pathogens12020169 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pathogens. 2023 Jan 21;12(2):169. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12020169. PMID- 36831611 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230228 IS - 2072-6694 (Print) IS - 2072-6694 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6694 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Feb 16 TI - Long-COVID in Patients with Cancer Previously Treated with Early Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Therapies in an Out-of-Hospital Setting: A Single-Center Experience. LID - 10.3390/cancers15041269 [doi] LID - 1269 AB - The incidence of long COVID in a cohort of patients with cancer with or without previous treatment with early therapies anti-SARS-CoV-2 in an out-of-hospital setting have to be elucidated. We prospectively enrolled all patients treated for a solid tumor at the department of Medical Oncology of the Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo with a positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen or polymerase chain reaction test from January to September 2022 (Omicron surge). Ninety-seven patients answered the survey questions by telephone at least 12 weeks after COVID-19 diagnosis in order to evaluate the incidence of long COVID symptoms. Only twelve patients (12.4%) reported long COVID. No significant difference between early therapies anti-SARS-CoV-2 31 and long COVID (p = 0.443) was seen. The female sex (p = 0.024) and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.014) are significantly associated with long COVID. No statistically significant difference between the two groups (Long COVID vs. No Long COVID) according to the time to nasal swab viral clearance (p = 0.078). The overlap between the symptoms related to the oncological disease/oncological treatment and the symptoms of long COVID is one of the main future challenges that oncologists will have to manage. FAU - Lasagna, Angioletta AU - Lasagna A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9611-1164 AD - Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Albi, Giuseppe AU - Albi G AD - Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Figini, Simone AU - Figini S AD - Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Basile, Sara AU - Basile S AD - Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Sacchi, Paolo AU - Sacchi P AD - Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Bruno, Raffaele AU - Bruno R AD - Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Pedrazzoli, Paolo AU - Pedrazzoli P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9419-7160 AD - Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. LA - eng GR - grant no 08067620/Policlinico San Matteo Fondazione/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230216 PL - Switzerland TA - Cancers (Basel) JT - Cancers JID - 101526829 PMC - PMC9953958 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - brain fog OT - cancer OT - long-COVID OT - nirmatrelvir/ritonavir OT - outcome OT - real-life data OT - remdesivir OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/26 06:01 PMCR- 2023/02/16 CRDT- 2023/02/25 01:41 PHST- 2023/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/25 01:41 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cancers15041269 [pii] AID - cancers-15-01269 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cancers15041269 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cancers (Basel). 2023 Feb 16;15(4):1269. doi: 10.3390/cancers15041269. PMID- 36818474 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230227 LR - 20230306 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Nanocell COVID-19 vaccine triggers a novel immune response pathway producing high-affinity antibodies which neutralize all variants of concern. PG - 1038562 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038562 [doi] LID - 1038562 AB - Most current anti-viral vaccines elicit a humoral and cellular immune response via the pathway of phagocytic cell mediated viral antigen presentation to B and T cell surface receptors. However, this pathway results in reduced ability to neutralize S-protein Receptor Binding Domains (RBDs) from several Variants of Concern (VOC) and the rapid waning of memory B cell response requiring vaccine reformulation to cover dominant VOC S-proteins and multiple boosters. Here we show for the first time in mice and humans, that a bacterially derived, non-living, nanocell (EDV; EnGeneIC Dream Vector) packaged with plasmid expressed SARS-CoV-2 S-protein and alpha-galactosyl ceramide adjuvant (EDV-COVID-alphaGC), stimulates an alternate pathway due to dendritic cells (DC) displaying both S-polypeptides and alphaGC thereby recruiting and activating iNKT cells with release of IFNgamma. This triggers DC activation/maturation, activation of follicular helper T cells (T(FH)), cognate help to B cells with secretion of a cytokine milieu promoting B cell maturation, somatic hypermutation in germinal centers to result in high affinity antibodies. Surrogate virus neutralization tests show 90-100% neutralization of ancestral and early VOC in mice and human trial volunteers. EDV-COVID-alphaGC as a third dose booster neutralized Omicron BA. 4/5. Serum and PBMC analyses reveal long lasting S-specific memory B and T cells. In contrast, control EDVs lacking alphaGC, did not engage the iNKT/DC pathway resulting in antibody responses unable to neutralize all VOCs and had a reduced B cell memory. The vaccine is lyophilized, stored and transported at room temperature with a shelf-life of over a year. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Gao, Amaro-Mugridge, Madrid-Weiss, Petkovic, Vanegas, Visvanathan, Williams, MacDiarmid and Brahmbhatt. FAU - Gao, Steven Y AU - Gao SY AD - EngeneIC Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Amaro-Mugridge, Nancy B AU - Amaro-Mugridge NB AD - EngeneIC Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Madrid-Weiss, Jocelyn AU - Madrid-Weiss J AD - EngeneIC Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Petkovic, Nikolina AU - Petkovic N AD - EngeneIC Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Vanegas, Natasha AU - Vanegas N AD - EngeneIC Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Visvanathan, Kumar AU - Visvanathan K AD - Kumar Visvanathan, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia. FAU - Williams, Bryan R G AU - Williams BRG AD - Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - MacDiarmid, Jennifer A AU - MacDiarmid JA AD - EngeneIC Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Brahmbhatt, Himanshu AU - Brahmbhatt H AD - EngeneIC Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230127 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Animals MH - Mice MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antigen Presentation PMC - PMC9929940 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - iNKT activation OT - memory B cell OT - memory T cell OT - nanocell vaccine OT - variants of concern COIS- HB, JM, NA-M, JM-W and BW are shareholders in EnGeneIC Ltd. HB, JM, and BW are on the Board of EnGeneIC Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/24 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/03 06:00 PMCR- 2023/01/27 CRDT- 2023/02/23 09:51 PHST- 2022/09/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/23 09:51 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038562 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 27;13:1038562. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038562. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36812215 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230224 LR - 20230407 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 2 DP - 2023 TI - Post COVID-19 condition after Wildtype, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection and prior vaccination: Pooled analysis of two population-based cohorts. PG - e0281429 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0281429 [doi] LID - e0281429 AB - BACKGROUND: Post COVID-19 condition (PCC) is an important complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection, affecting millions worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and severity of post COVID-19 condition (PCC) with novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and after prior vaccination. METHODS: We used pooled data from 1350 SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals from two representative population-based cohorts in Switzerland, diagnosed between Aug 5, 2020, and Feb 25, 2022. We descriptively analysed the prevalence and severity of PCC, defined as the presence and frequency of PCC-related symptoms six months after infection, among vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals infected with Wildtype, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2. We used multivariable logistic regression models to assess the association and estimate the risk reduction of PCC after infection with newer variants and prior vaccination. We further assessed associations with the severity of PCC using multinomial logistic regression. To identify groups of individuals with similar symptom patterns and evaluate differences in the presentation of PCC across variants, we performed exploratory hierarchical cluster analyses. RESULTS: We found strong evidence that vaccinated individuals infected with Omicron had reduced odds of developing PCC compared to non-vaccinated Wildtype-infected individuals (odds ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.24-0.68). The odds among non-vaccinated individuals were similar after infection with Delta or Omicron compared to Wildtype SARS-CoV-2. We found no differences in PCC prevalence with respect to the number of received vaccine doses or timing of last vaccination. The prevalence of PCC-related symptoms among vaccinated, Omicron-infected individuals was lower across severity levels. In cluster analyses, we identified four clusters of diverse systemic, neurocognitive, cardiorespiratory, and musculoskeletal symptoms, with similar patterns across variants. CONCLUSION: The risk of PCC appears to be lowered with infection by the Omicron variant and after prior vaccination. This evidence is crucial to guide future public health measures and vaccination strategies. CI - Copyright: (c) 2023 Ballouz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Ballouz, Tala AU - Ballouz T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2334-8600 AD - Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Menges, Dominik AU - Menges D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5970-1846 AD - Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Kaufmann, Marco AU - Kaufmann M AD - Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Amati, Rebecca AU - Amati R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5698-9071 AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Public Health (IPH), Universita della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Frei, Anja AU - Frei A AD - Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - von Wyl, Viktor AU - von Wyl V AD - Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Fehr, Jan S AU - Fehr JS AD - Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Albanese, Emiliano AU - Albanese E AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Public Health (IPH), Universita della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Puhan, Milo A AU - Puhan MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4721-1879 AD - Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230222 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Cluster Analysis PMC - PMC9946205 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2023/02/23 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/25 06:00 PMCR- 2023/02/22 CRDT- 2023/02/22 16:21 PHST- 2022/10/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/22 16:21 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-22-29701 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0281429 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2023 Feb 22;18(2):e0281429. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281429. eCollection 2023. PMID- 36804404 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230418 LR - 20230623 IS - 1600-0641 (Electronic) IS - 0168-8278 (Print) IS - 0168-8278 (Linking) VI - 78 IP - 5 DP - 2023 May TI - Boosting compromised SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity with mRNA vaccination in liver transplant recipients. PG - 1017-1027 LID - S0168-8278(23)00095-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.007 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Liver transplant recipients (LTRs) demonstrate a reduced response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination; however, a detailed understanding of the interplay between humoral and cellular immunity, especially after a third (and fourth) vaccine dose, is lacking. METHODS: We longitudinally compared the humoral, as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell, responses between LTRs (n = 24) and healthy controls (n = 19) after three (LTRs: n = 9 to 16; healthy controls: n = 9 to 14 per experiment) to four (LTRs: n = 4; healthy controls: n = 4) vaccine doses, including in-depth phenotypical and functional characterization. RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, development of high antibody titers required a third vaccine dose in most LTRs, while spike-specific CD8+ T cells with robust recall capacity plateaued after the second vaccine dose, albeit with a reduced frequency and epitope repertoire compared to healthy controls. This overall attenuated vaccine response was linked to a reduced frequency of spike-reactive follicular T helper cells in LTRs. CONCLUSION: Three doses of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine induce an overall robust humoral and cellular memory response in most LTRs. Decisions regarding additional booster doses may thus be based on individual vaccine responses as well as evolution of novel variants of concern. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: Due to immunosuppressive medication, liver transplant recipients (LTR) display reduced antibody titers upon COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, but the impact on long-term immune memory is not clear. Herein, we demonstrate that after three vaccine doses, the majority of LTRs not only exhibit substantial antibody titers, but also a robust memory T-cell response. Additional booster vaccine doses may be of special benefit for a small subset of LTRs with inferior vaccine response and may provide superior protection against evolving novel viral variants. These findings will help physicians to guide LTRs regarding the benefit of booster vaccinations. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Luxenburger, Hendrik AU - Luxenburger H AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; IMM-PACT, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Reeg, David B AU - Reeg DB AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Lang-Meli, Julia AU - Lang-Meli J AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; IMM-PACT, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Reinscheid, Matthias AU - Reinscheid M AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Eisner, Miriam AU - Eisner M AD - Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Bettinger, Dominik AU - Bettinger D AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Oberhardt, Valerie AU - Oberhardt V AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Salimi Alizei, Elahe AU - Salimi Alizei E AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Wild, Katharina AU - Wild K AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Graeser, Anne AU - Graeser A AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Karl, Vivien AU - Karl V AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Sagar AU - Sagar AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Emmerich, Florian AU - Emmerich F AD - Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Klein, Florian AU - Klein F AD - Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Panning, Marcus AU - Panning M AD - Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Huzly, Daniela AU - Huzly D AD - Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Bengsch, Bertram AU - Bengsch B AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Boettler, Tobias AU - Boettler T AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Elling, Roland AU - Elling R AD - Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Thimme, Robert AU - Thimme R AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: robert.thimme@uniklinik-freiburg.de. FAU - Hofmann, Maike AU - Hofmann M AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: maike.hofmann@uniklinik-freiburg.de. FAU - Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph AU - Neumann-Haefelin C AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: christoph.neumann-haefelin@uniklinik-freiburg.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230218 PL - Netherlands TA - J Hepatol JT - Journal of hepatology JID - 8503886 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Liver Transplantation MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Vaccination MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Transplant Recipients PMC - PMC10019593 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - immunological memory OT - immunosuppression OT - liver transplantation OT - vaccine response EDAT- 2023/02/23 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/18 10:16 PMCR- 2023/02/18 CRDT- 2023/02/22 08:42 PHST- 2022/10/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/18 10:16 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/22 08:42 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0168-8278(23)00095-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Hepatol. 2023 May;78(5):1017-1027. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.007. Epub 2023 Feb 18. PMID- 36802108 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240110 LR - 20240110 IS - 1365-2702 (Electronic) IS - 0962-1067 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Long-term health consequences of COVID-19 in survivors hospitalised at a tertiary care hospital and their correlation with acute COVID-19 severity and associated risk factors. PG - 115-125 LID - 10.1111/jocn.16652 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To determine post-COVID syndromes in the Indian population, correlating a wide spectrum of post-COVID manifestations with acute disease severity and associated risk factors. BACKGROUND: Post-COVID Syndrome (PCS) is defined as signs and symptoms that develop during or after acute COVID-19 infection. DESIGN OF STUDY: This is a prospective observational cohort with repetitive measurements. METHODS: The study followed RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19-positive survivors discharged from HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, for a period of 12 weeks. The patients were interviewed over the phone at 4 weeks and 12 weeks from the onset of symptoms for evaluation of clinical symptoms and health-related quality of life parameters. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients completed the study. At the baseline, 50% of the patients were categorised as severe based on their acute infection assessment. At 12 weeks after symptom onset, fatigue (23.5%), hair loss (12.5%) and dyspnea (9%) were the main persistent symptoms. The incidence of hair loss (12.5%), memory loss (4.5%) and brain fog (5%) were found to be increased as compared to the acute infection period. Severity of the acute COVID infection behaved as an independent predictor for the development of PCS, with high odds of experiencing persistent cough (OR = 13.1), memory loss (OR = 5.2) and fatigue (OR = 3.3). Further, 30% of subjects in the severe group experienced statistically significant fatigue at 12 weeks (p < .05). CONCLUSION: From the results of our study, it can be concluded that there is a huge disease burden of post-COVID Syndrome (PCS). The PCS comprised multisystem symptoms ranging from serious complaints of dyspnea, memory loss and brain fog to non-serious complaints of fatigue and hair loss. Severity of the acute COVID infection behaved as an independent predictor for the development of PCS. Our findings strongly recommend vaccination against COVID-19, for protection from disease severity as well as prevention of PCS. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The findings of our study support the multidisciplinary approach required for the management of PCS with a team comprising of physicians, nurses, physiotherapists and psychiatrists working in close coordination for the rehabilitation of these patients. As nurses are considered the most trusted professionals in the community and the class of health workers associated with rehabilitation, focus should be given to educating them on PCS, which would prove to be an important strategy for efficient monitoring and long-term management of COVID-19 survivors. CI - (c) 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Jain, Vineet AU - Jain V AD - Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and associated HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Nabi, Nusrat AU - Nabi N AD - Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and associated HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Aggarwal, Sanjana AU - Aggarwal S AD - Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and associated HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Alam, Zaara AU - Alam Z AD - Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and associated HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Chandra, Kailash AU - Chandra K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4938-9622 AD - Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and associated HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Singh, Dharmander AU - Singh D AD - Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and associated HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kashyap, Varun AU - Kashyap V AD - Department of Community Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and associated HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Islam, Farzana AU - Islam F AD - Department of Community Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and associated HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kohli, Sunil AU - Kohli S AD - Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and associated HAHC Hospital, New Delhi, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20230217 PL - England TA - J Clin Nurs JT - Journal of clinical nursing JID - 9207302 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Quality of Life MH - Tertiary Care Centers MH - Alopecia MH - Dyspnea MH - Fatigue/epidemiology MH - Mental Fatigue MH - Memory Disorders OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 disease severity OT - COVID-19 sequelae OT - COVID-19 survivors OT - long COVID-19 OT - ongoing COVID-19 OT - persistent COVID-19 OT - post-COVID-19 syndrome EDAT- 2023/02/22 06:00 MHDA- 2024/01/10 06:41 CRDT- 2023/02/21 16:58 PHST- 2022/12/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/10 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/21 16:58 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jocn.16652 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Nurs. 2024 Jan;33(1):115-125. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16652. Epub 2023 Feb 17. PMID- 36799523 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230321 LR - 20230321 IS - 0028-3843 (Print) IS - 0028-3843 (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 1 DP - 2023 TI - Incidence and characteristics of post-COVID-19 parkinsonism and dyskinesia related to COVID-19 vaccines. PG - 53-62 LID - 10.5603/PJNNS.a2023.0011 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease mainly affecting the respiratory system; however, a significant prevalence of neurological symptoms has been noted. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence and characteristics of post-COVID-19 parkinsonism and to study dyskinesia related to COVID-19 vaccines. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for all manuscripts relevant to post-COVID-19 parkinsonism and dyskinesia related to COVID-19 vaccines. Subsequently, we extracted and analysed data from the manuscripts in a structured manner. RESULTS: We found 24 patients with post-COVID-19 parkinsonism, with a mean onset age of 58 years after a mean of 30 days from the COVID-19 onset. Akinetic-rigid (n = 11) and mixed (n = 6) subtypes were the most common. Asymmetry was present in 13/15 patients. Brain MRI was unremarkable in 11/19, whereas dopaminergic system imaging was abnormal in 8/8 patients. Responsiveness to dopaminergic treatment was observed in 12/15 patients. Four patients improved after immunomodulatory therapy. Comorbidities were present in 9/24, encephalopathy symptoms in 11/24, and loss of smell in 9/13 patients. Most patients (n = 14) suffered serious COVID-19- related complications and three were treated with haloperidol. Parkinsonism improved (n = 5) or resolved (n = 4) during the follow-up. Five patients, with a mean age of 52, developed dyskinesia at a mean of 25 hours after receiving the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. One patient had a history of neuropsychiatric symptoms and developed functional dyskinesia of the tongue. Four patients had a previous history of Parkinson's Disease (PD) with a mean duration of 10 years and developed dyskinesia and dystonia, which resolved (n = 2) or improved (n = 2) during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Post-COVID-19 parkinsonism is a very rare complication, and it is likely that this is an umbrella syndrome that includes many different etiologies. Dyskinesia due to COVID-19 vaccines is exceedingly rare and probably has the same pathophysiological basis as in other conditions with exacerbation of PD symptoms. FAU - Dulski, Jaroslaw AU - Dulski J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5517-9875 AD - Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA. Dulski.Jaroslaw@mayo.edu. AD - Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland. Dulski.Jaroslaw@mayo.edu. AD - Neurology Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus, Gdansk, Poland. Dulski.Jaroslaw@mayo.edu. FAU - Slawek, Jaroslaw AU - Slawek J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6816-0877 AD - Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland. AD - Neurology Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus, Gdansk, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230217 PL - Poland TA - Neurol Neurochir Pol JT - Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska JID - 0101265 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - VTD58H1Z2X (Dopamine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Dopamine MH - *Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/diagnosis/etiology MH - Incidence MH - *Parkinsonian Disorders/etiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Parkinson's Disease OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - dopaminergic OT - dystonia OT - levodopa OT - vaccination EDAT- 2023/02/18 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/03 06:00 CRDT- 2023/02/17 08:23 PHST- 2023/01/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/17 08:23 [entrez] AID - VM/OJS/J/93722 [pii] AID - 10.5603/PJNNS.a2023.0011 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2023;57(1):53-62. doi: 10.5603/PJNNS.a2023.0011. Epub 2023 Feb 17. PMID- 36793821 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230217 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan TI - COVID-19 Associated Neurological Manifestation. PG - e33712 LID - 10.7759/cureus.33712 [doi] LID - e33712 AB - BACKGROUND: At the end of 2019, COVID-19 was first detected in Wuhan. In March 2020, COVID-19 became a pandemic globally. Saudi Arabia registered the first case of COVID-19 on March 2, 2020. This research aimed to identify the prevalence of different neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and to assess the relation of the severity, vaccination state, and continuity of symptoms to the occurrence of these symptoms. METHODS: Cross-sectional retrospective study was done in Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted on previously diagnosed COVID-19 patients by random selection using a predesigned online questionnaire to collect data. Data was entered through Excel and analyzed through SPSS version 23. RESULTS: The study showed that the most common neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients are headache (75.8%), changes in sense of smell and taste (74.1%), muscle pain (66.2%), and mood disturbance (depression, anxiety) (49.7%). Whereas other neurological manifestations such as weakness of the limbs, loss of consciousness, seizure, confusion, and vision changes are significantly associated with older individuals, this may lead to increased mortality and morbidity in these patients. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 is associated with many neurological manifestations in the population of Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of neurological manifestations is similar to many previous studies, where acute neurological manifestations such as loss of consciousness and convulsions are seen more in older individuals which may lead to increased mortality and worse outcomes. Other self-limited symptoms such as headache and change in smell function i.e., anosmia or hyposmia were more pronounced in those <40 years. This mandates more attention to elderly patients with COVID-19, to early detect common neurological manifestations associated with it, and to apply preventive measures known to improve the outcome of these symptoms. CI - Copyright (c) 2023, Mubaraki et al. FAU - Mubaraki, Adnan A AU - Mubaraki AA AD - Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU. FAU - Alghamdi, Ohoud AU - Alghamdi O AD - Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU. FAU - Al-Halabi, Shatha K AU - Al-Halabi SK AD - Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU. FAU - Almoutiri, Amal AU - Almoutiri A AD - Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU. FAU - Alhasani, Kholoud AU - Alhasani K AD - Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU. FAU - Alsherbi, Raghad AU - Alsherbi R AD - Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230112 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC9925040 OTO - NOTNLM OT - atypical presentation of covid-19 OT - coronavirus OT - covid-19 OT - covid-19 presentation OT - neurological manifestation OT - persistent symptoms in covid-19 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2023/02/17 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/17 06:01 PMCR- 2023/01/12 CRDT- 2023/02/16 02:22 PHST- 2023/01/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/16 02:22 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/17 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.33712 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2023 Jan 12;15(1):e33712. doi: 10.7759/cureus.33712. eCollection 2023 Jan. PMID- 36792456 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230504 LR - 20230504 IS - 1943-4693 (Electronic) IS - 0027-9684 (Print) IS - 0027-9684 (Linking) VI - 115 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Apr TI - Racial, ethnic, and sex disparities in the incidence and cognitive symptomology of long COVID-19. PG - 233-243 LID - S0027-9684(23)00025-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jnma.2023.01.016 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The pandemic has highlighted and exacerbated health inequities in both acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its longer-term sequelae. Given the heterogeneity in definitions of long COVID and the lack of centralized registries of patients with the disease, little is known about the differential prevalence among racial, ethnic, and sex subgroups. This study examines long COVID among Black, White, Asian, and Hispanic Americans and evaluates differences in the associated cognitive symptomology. METHOD: Data from four releases of the Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey detailing COVID-19 incidence and the duration and type of symptoms among a nationally representative sample of adults from June 1, 2022, through October 17, 2022, were combined. Binary logistic regression assessed the relative likelihood of long COVID among those who had been diagnosed COVID between racial, ethnic, and sex subgroups. Among those reporting long COVID, differences in the prevalence of difficulty understanding and difficulty remembering were assessed. Empirical models accounted for household, regional, vaccination, and insurance differences between respondents. Two-stage selection models were applied to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS: Among respondents who tested positive for COVID-19, Blacks (OR=1.097, CI=1.034-1.163), females (OR=1.849, CI=1.794-1.907), and Hispanics (OR=1.349, CI=1.286-1.414) were more likely to experience long COVID (symptoms lasting for 3 months or longer) compared to Whites, males, and non-Hispanics respectively. However, those with private health insurance (OR=0.634, CI=0.611-0.658) and who received the COVID vaccine (OR=0.901, CI=0.864-0.94) were less likely to have endured COVID symptoms than their counterparts. Symptoms of long COVID varied significantly between population subgroups. Compared to Whites, Blacks were more likely to have trouble remembering (OR=1.878, CI=1.765-1.808) while Hispanics were more likely to report difficult understanding (OR=1.827, CI=1.413, 2.362). Females, compared to males, were less likely to experience trouble understanding (OR=0.664, CI=0.537, 0.821), but more likely to report trouble remembering (OR=1.34, CI=1.237, 1.451). CONCLUSIONS: Long COVID is more prevalent among Blacks, Hispanics, and females, but each group appears to experience long COVID differently. Therefore, additional research is needed to determine the best method to treat and manage this poorly understood condition. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 National Medical Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Jacobs, Molly M AU - Jacobs MM AD - Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States. Electronic address: mollyjacobs@ufl.edu. FAU - Evans, Elizabeth AU - Evans E AD - Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States. FAU - Ellis, Charles AU - Ellis C AD - Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230213 PL - United States TA - J Natl Med Assoc JT - Journal of the National Medical Association JID - 7503090 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Black or African American/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Cognition MH - COVID-19/complications/epidemiology/ethnology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Incidence MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/diagnosis/epidemiology/ethnology/psychology MH - United States/epidemiology MH - White/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis/epidemiology/ethnology/psychology MH - Race Factors MH - Sex Factors MH - Asian/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Hispanic or Latino/psychology/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC9923441 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Black OT - COVID OT - Disparities OT - Hispanic OT - Symptoms COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. EDAT- 2023/02/16 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/21 06:41 PMCR- 2023/02/13 CRDT- 2023/02/15 22:01 PHST- 2022/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/21 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/15 22:01 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0027-9684(23)00025-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jnma.2023.01.016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Natl Med Assoc. 2023 Apr;115(2):233-243. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2023.01.016. Epub 2023 Feb 13. PMID- 36785539 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231216 IS - 2667-3215 (Electronic) IS - 2667-3215 (Linking) VI - 3 DP - 2023 Jun TI - Understanding the concept of trust and other factors related to COVID-19 vaccine intentions among Black/African American older adults prior to vaccine development. PG - 100230 LID - 10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100230 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Black/African Americans are receiving COVID-19 vaccines at much lower rates than whites. However, research is still evolving that explains why these vaccination rates are lower. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the pandemic among older Black/African Americans, with an emphasis on trust and vaccine intention prior to vaccine development. METHODS: Data were collected between July and September 2020 from 8 virtual focus groups in Detroit, MI and San Francisco Bay Area, CA with 33 older African Americans and 11 caregivers of older African Americans with cognitive impairment, supplemented by one virtual meeting with the project's Community Advisory Board. Inductive/deductive content analysis was used to identify themes. RESULTS: Five major themes influenced the intention to be vaccinated: uncertainty, systemic abandonment, decrease in trust, resistance to vaccines, and opportunities for vaccination. The last theme, opportunities for vaccination, emerged as a result of interaction with our CAB while collecting project data after the vaccines were available which provided additional insights about potential opportunities that would promote the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among older Black/African Americans. The results also include application of the themes to a multi-layer framework for understanding precarity and the development of an Integrated Logic Model for a Public Health Crisis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that trust and culturally relevant information need to be addressed immediately to accelerate vaccine uptake among older Black/African Americans. New initiatives are needed to foster trust and address systemic abandonment from all institutions. In addition, culturally relevant public health campaigns about vaccine uptake are needed. Thus, systemic issues need immediate attention to reduce health disparities associated with COVID-19. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. FAU - Harris, Orlando O AU - Harris OO AD - Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Perry, Tam E AU - Perry TE AD - School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. FAU - Johnson, Julene K AU - Johnson JK AD - Institute for Health & Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Lichtenberg, Peter AU - Lichtenberg P AD - Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. FAU - Washington, Tangy AU - Washington T AD - Community Advisory Board, USA. FAU - Kitt, Bonita AU - Kitt B AD - Community Advisory Board, USA. FAU - Shaw, Michael AU - Shaw M AD - Community Advisory Board, USA. AD - Alameda County Public Health Department, Urban Male Health Initiative, USA. FAU - Keiser, Sahru AU - Keiser S AD - Institute for Health & Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Tran, Thi AU - Tran T AD - Institute for Health & Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Vest, Leah AU - Vest L AD - Institute for Health & Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Maloof, Marsha AU - Maloof M AD - Maloof & Associates, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Portacolone, Elena AU - Portacolone E AD - Institute for Health & Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. AD - Philip Lee Institute of Health Policy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. LA - eng GR - K23 MH130250/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - L30 MH134327/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230204 PL - England TA - SSM Qual Res Health JT - SSM. Qualitative research in health JID - 9918300877606676 PMC - PMC9898052 COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/02/15 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/15 06:01 PMCR- 2023/02/04 CRDT- 2023/02/14 01:53 PHST- 2022/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/14 01:53 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/15 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2667-3215(23)00014-8 [pii] AID - 100230 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100230 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - SSM Qual Res Health. 2023 Jun;3:100230. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100230. Epub 2023 Feb 4. PMID- 36769410 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230214 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Jan 18 TI - Cognitive Deficits in the Acute Phase of COVID-19: A Review and Meta-Analysis. LID - 10.3390/jcm12030762 [doi] LID - 762 AB - This meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the risk of patients exhibiting cognitive deficits in the acute phase of COVID-19 at the time of the first variants (i.e., before the vaccine) and quantify the potential vulnerability of older patients and those who experienced more severe respiratory symptoms. To this end, we searched the LitCovid and EMBASE platforms for articles, including preprints, and included all studies (n = 48) that featured a measurement of cognition, which encompassed 2233 cases of COVID-19. Of these, 28 studies reported scores on global cognitive efficiency scales administered in the acute phase of COVID-19 (up to 3 months after infection). We were able to perform a meta-analysis of proportions on 24 articles (N(patients) = 943), and a logistic regression on 18 articles (N(patients) = 518). The meta-analysis for proportion indicated that 52.31% of patients with COVID-19 exhibited cognitive deficits in the acute phase. This high percentage, however, has to be interpreted taking in consideration the fact that the majority of patients were hospitalized, and some presented neurological complications, such as encephalopathy. A bootstrap procedure with random resampling revealed that an age of 59 was the threshold at which one would be more prone to present cognitive deficits. However, the severity of respiratory symptoms did not influence the scores on a global cognitive efficiency scale. Overall, our results indicated that neuropsychological deficits were a major consequence of the acute phase of the first forms of COVID-19. FAU - Jacot de Alcantara, Isabele AU - Jacot de Alcantara I AD - Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Nuber-Champier, Anthony AU - Nuber-Champier A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3736-6001 AD - Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Neurology Department, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Voruz, Philippe AU - Voruz P AD - Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Neurology Department, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Cionca, Alexandre AU - Cionca A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1910-9650 AD - Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Assal, Frederic AU - Assal F AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Neurology Department, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Peron, Julie A AU - Peron JA AD - Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Neurology Department, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230118 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC9917639 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cognition OT - global scales OT - meta-analysis OT - review COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/12 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/12 06:01 PMCR- 2023/01/18 CRDT- 2023/02/11 01:26 PHST- 2022/11/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/11 01:26 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm12030762 [pii] AID - jcm-12-00762 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm12030762 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2023 Jan 18;12(3):762. doi: 10.3390/jcm12030762. PMID- 36767087 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230214 LR - 20240912 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Jan 17 TI - Not Getting Vaccinated? It Is a Matter of Problem-Solving Abilities and Socio-Cognitive Polarization. LID - 10.3390/ijerph20031721 [doi] LID - 1721 AB - The anti-COVID-19 vaccination campaign in the United States provided a significant contribution to the control of the virus spread. Despite the recommendations by public health institutions, vaccine skepticism and hesitancy contributed to low vaccine uptake, thus possibly disrupting the management of preventable diseases associated with the COVID-19 infection. The process that led individuals to accept COVID-19 vaccines required the ability to gather, synthesize, and weigh-up information within a novel, dynamically changing, complex, and ambiguous context. To deal with such complexity, we hypothesized that both the ability of reflection and flexible adaptation played a fundamental role. Based on previous research on cognitive predictors of vaccine refusal, we decided to investigate the combined role of two constructs, namely, problem-solving skills and socio-cognitive polarization (SCP), on vaccine acceptance and uptake. Two-hundred-seventy-seven US participants completed an online survey aimed to measure problem-solving ability, through a rebus puzzles task, and SCP, through a composite measure of absolutist thinking, political conservatism, and xenophobia. Mediation analyses indicated that SCP mediated the association between problem-solving ability and vaccine acceptance, so lower problem-solving abilities associated with higher polarization predicted vaccine rejection. Thus, our findings suggested that low problem-solving skills may represent a risk factor for COVID-19 vaccine refusal, with cognitive and social rigidity playing a crucial role in undermining the anti-COVID-19 vaccine uptake. FAU - Cancer, Alice AU - Cancer A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3545-8540 AD - Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy. FAU - Salvi, Carola AU - Salvi C AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. AD - Department of Psychology and Social Sciences, John Cabot University, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Antonietti, Alessandro AU - Antonietti A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7212-8076 AD - Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy. FAU - Iannello, Paola AU - Iannello P AD - Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230117 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Acclimatization MH - Biological Transport MH - Cognition MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9914091 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anti-COVID-19 vaccine OT - cognitive flexibility OT - political beliefs OT - problem solving OT - socio-cognitive polarization COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/12 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/15 06:00 PMCR- 2023/01/17 CRDT- 2023/02/11 01:11 PHST- 2022/12/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/11 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph20031721 [pii] AID - ijerph-20-01721 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph20031721 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 17;20(3):1721. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031721. PMID- 36760093 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230510 LR - 20230626 IS - 1708-8267 (Electronic) IS - 1081-5589 (Print) IS - 1081-5589 (Linking) VI - 71 IP - 5 DP - 2023 Jun TI - Clinical differences in symptomology, characteristics, and risk factors in patients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: an experience from a tertiary-care academic center. PG - 495-501 LID - 10.1177/10815589231153604 [doi] AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and has caused significant mortality and morbidity since it was first recognized in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Patients may suffer from a constellation of symptoms termed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) . Here we present findings of a retrospective cohort study describing the prevalence and predicting factors of patient-reported post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Categorical variables were summarized as frequency (percentage) and compared between vaccine status groups using Fisher's exact test. Continuous variables were reported as median (range) and compared between the groups using Kruskal-Wallis test. All tests were two-sided with p value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Survey data from 132 patients with a median age of 45 years, 68% female, 83% Caucasian/Non-Hispanic. The most frequently reported PASC symptoms include fatigue (84.8%), dyspnea (54.5%), cognitive dysfunction (53%), myalgias (37.1%), lightheadedness or vertigo (36.4%), chest pain (34.8%), palpitations (34.8%), headaches (34.1%), arthralgias (31.8%), and unrefreshing sleep (31.1%). There is mounting evidence that supports higher prevalence of PASC in women, White/Caucasian, and middle-aged individuals. This knowledge can provide guidance to clinical practices to anticipate and support healthcare and self-care needs for patients at higher risk to developing PASC. FAU - Munipalli, Bala AU - Munipalli B AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Paul, Stefan AU - Paul S AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Mohabbat, Arya AU - Mohabbat A AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Siddiqui, Habeeba AU - Siddiqui H AD - Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Li, Zhuo AU - Li Z AD - Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA. FAU - Abu Dabrh, Abd Moain AU - Abu Dabrh AM AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230209 PL - England TA - J Investig Med JT - Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research JID - 9501229 SB - IM MH - Middle Aged MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Headache MH - Disease Progression PMC - PMC9922663 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Demography COIS- The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2023/02/11 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/10 06:42 PMCR- 2023/02/09 CRDT- 2023/02/10 01:22 PHST- 2023/05/10 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/10 01:22 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_10815589231153604 [pii] AID - 10.1177/10815589231153604 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Investig Med. 2023 Jun;71(5):495-501. doi: 10.1177/10815589231153604. Epub 2023 Feb 9. PMID- 36754764 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230310 LR - 20230421 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Print) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 10 DP - 2023 Mar 3 TI - A heterologous AZD1222 priming and BNT162b2 boosting regimen more efficiently elicits neutralizing antibodies, but not memory T cells, than the homologous BNT162b2 regimen. PG - 1694-1702 LID - S0264-410X(23)00094-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.063 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Comparative analyses of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses elicited by diverse prime-boost regimens are required to establish efficient regimens for the control of COVID-19. METHOD: In this prospective observational cohort study, spike-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) alongside spike-specific T-cell responses in age-matched groups of homologous BNT162b2/BNT162b2 or AZD1222/AZD1222 vaccination, heterologous AZD1222/BNT162b2 vaccination, and prior wild-type SARS-CoV-2 infection/vaccination were evaluated. RESULTS: Peak immune responses were achieved after the second vaccine dose in the naive vaccinated groups and after the first dose in the prior infection/vaccination group. Peak titers of anti-spike IgG and nAb were significantly higher in the AZD1222/BNT162b2 vaccination and prior infection/vaccination groups than in the BNT162b2/BNT162b2 or AZD1222/AZD1222 groups. However, the frequency of interferon-gamma-producing CD4(+) T cells was highest in the BNT162b2/BNT162b2 vaccination group. Similar results were observed in the analysis of polyfunctional T cells. When nAb and CD4(+)T-cell responses against the Delta variant were analyzed, the prior infection/vaccination group exhibited higher responses than the groups of other homologous or heterologous vaccination regimens. CONCLUSION: nAbs are efficiently elicited by heterologous AZD1222/BNT162b2 vaccination, as well as prior infection/vaccination, whereas spike-specific CD4(+)T-cell responses are efficiently elicited by homologous BNT162b2 vaccination. Variant-recognizing immunity is more efficiently generated by prior infection/vaccination than the other homologous or heterologous vaccination regimens. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Baek, Yae Jee AU - Baek YJ AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Woo-Joong AU - Kim WJ AD - Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ko, Jae-Hoon AU - Ko JH AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Youn-Jung AU - Lee YJ AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Jin Young AU - Ahn JY AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jung Ho AU - Kim JH AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jang, Ho Cheol AU - Jang HC AD - Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeong, Hye Won AU - Jeong HW AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Yong Chan AU - Kim YC AD - Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Yoon Soo AU - Park YS AD - Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Sung-Han AU - Kim SH AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea. FAU - Peck, Kyong Ran AU - Peck KR AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Eui-Cheol AU - Shin EC AD - Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; The Center for Viral Immunology, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ecshin@kaist.ac.kr. FAU - Choi, Jun Yong AU - Choi JY AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: seran@yuhs.ac. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230206 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - *COVID-19 MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory PMC - PMC9901539 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Heterologous vaccination OT - Hybrid immunity OT - Neutralizing antibody OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell OT - Vaccine COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/02/09 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/04 06:00 PMCR- 2023/02/06 CRDT- 2023/02/08 22:03 PHST- 2022/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/08 22:03 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0264-410X(23)00094-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.063 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2023 Mar 3;41(10):1694-1702. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.063. Epub 2023 Feb 6. PMID- 36750902 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230210 LR - 20230214 IS - 1743-422X (Electronic) IS - 1743-422X (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Feb 7 TI - Impaired antibody responses were observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after receiving the inactivated COVID-19 vaccines. PG - 22 LID - 10.1186/s12985-023-01983-7 [doi] LID - 22 AB - BACKGROUND: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been reported to be more susceptible to 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and more likely to develop severe pneumonia. However, the safety and immunological responses of T2DM patients after receiving the inactivated vaccines are not quite definite. Therefore, we aimed to explore the safety, antibody responses, and B-cell immunity of T2DM patients who were vaccinated with inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. METHODS: Eighty-nine patients with T2DM and 100 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled, all of whom had received two doses of full-course inactivated vaccines. At 21-105 days after full-course vaccines: first, the safety of the vaccines was assessed by questionnaires; second, the titers of anti-receptor binding domain IgG (anti-RBD-IgG) and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) were measured; third, we detected the frequency of RBD-specific memory B cells (RBD-specific MBCs) to explore the cellular immunity of T2DM patients. RESULTS: The overall incidence of adverse events was similar between T2DM patients and HCs, and no serious adverse events were recorded in either group. Compared with HCs, significantly lower titers of anti-RBD-IgG (p = 0.004) and NAbs (p = 0.013) were observed in T2DM patients. Moreover, the frequency of RBD-specific MBCs was lower in T2DM patients than in HCs (p = 0.027). Among the 89 T2DM patients, individuals with lower body mass index (BMI) had higher antibody titers (anti-RBD-IgG: p = 0.009; NAbs: p = 0.084). Furthermore, we found that sex, BMI, and days after vaccination were correlated with antibody titers. CONCLUSIONS: Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines were safe in patients with T2DM, but the antibody responses and memory B-cell responses were significantly decreased compared to HCs. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER AND DATE: NCT05043246. September 14, 2021. (Clinical Trials.gov). CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Xiang, Feng AU - Xiang F AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Long, Boyu AU - Long B AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - He, Jiaoxia AU - He J AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Cheng, Feifei AU - Cheng F AD - Department of Endocrine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Sijing AU - Zhang S AD - Department of Endocrine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Liu, Qing AU - Liu Q AD - Department of Endocrine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Zhiwei AU - Chen Z AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Hu AU - Li H AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Min AU - Chen M AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Peng, Mingli AU - Peng M AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Yin, Wenwei AU - Yin W AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Liu, Dongfang AU - Liu D AD - Department of Endocrine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. ldf023023@qq.com. FAU - Ren, Hong AU - Ren H AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. renhong0531@cqmu.edu.cn. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05043246 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230207 PL - England TA - Virol J JT - Virology journal JID - 101231645 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antibody Formation MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccines, Inactivated MH - Case-Control Studies PMC - PMC9902824 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibody responses OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Memory B cells OT - Safety OT - Type 2 diabetes mellitus COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/09 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/10 06:00 PMCR- 2023/02/07 CRDT- 2023/02/08 00:15 PHST- 2022/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/08 00:15 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12985-023-01983-7 [pii] AID - 1983 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12985-023-01983-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Virol J. 2023 Feb 7;20(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s12985-023-01983-7. PMID- 36729559 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230602 LR - 20230621 IS - 1460-2156 (Electronic) IS - 0006-8950 (Print) IS - 0006-8950 (Linking) VI - 146 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Jun 1 TI - Neuropsychiatric disorders following SARS-CoV-2 infection. PG - 2241-2247 LID - 10.1093/brain/awad008 [doi] AB - Several large-scale electronic health records studies have reported increased diagnostic rates for neuropsychiatric disorders following Coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19 or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 infection)], but many questions remain. To highlight the issues, we selectively review this literature, focusing on mood disorder, anxiety disorder, psychotic disorder, and cognitive impairment ('brain fog'). Eight key questions are addressed, comprising: (i) the nature and magnitude of the risks; (ii) their association with severity of infection; (iii) their duration; (iv) whether the risks differ between adults and children, or between men and women; (v) whether prior vaccination protects against them; (vi) the risk profile associated with different SARS-CoV-2 strains; (vii) what the underlying mechanisms might be; and (viii) whether the sequelae can be predicted. We consider the major unknowns, the limitations of electronic health records for research in this area, and the use of additional approaches to help characterize and understand the neuropsychiatric burden of COVID-19. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. FAU - Harrison, Paul J AU - Harrison PJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6719-1126 AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK. AD - Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK. FAU - Taquet, Maxime AU - Taquet M AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK. AD - Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Brain JT - Brain : a journal of neurology JID - 0372537 SB - IM MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Psychotic Disorders PMC - PMC10232232 OTO - NOTNLM OT - coronavirus OT - epidemiology OT - health records OT - memory OT - mental health COIS- The authors report no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/02/03 06:00 MHDA- 2023/06/02 06:42 PMCR- 2023/02/02 CRDT- 2023/02/02 11:47 PHST- 2022/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/02 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/02 11:47 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 7024720 [pii] AID - awad008 [pii] AID - 10.1093/brain/awad008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain. 2023 Jun 1;146(6):2241-2247. doi: 10.1093/brain/awad008. PMID- 36719785 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230515 LR - 20250530 IS - 2158-0022 (Electronic) IS - 2158-0014 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 4 DP - 2023 May TI - European Working Group on SARS-CoV-2: Current Understanding, Unknowns, and Recommendations on the Neurological Complications of COVID-19. PG - 178-210 LID - 10.1089/brain.2022.0058 [doi] AB - Background: The emergence of COVID-19 was rapidly followed by infection and the deaths of millions of people across the globe. With much of the research and scientific advancement rightly focused on reducing the burden of severe and critical acute COVID-19 infection, the long-term effects endured by those who survived the acute infection has been previously overlooked. Now, an appreciation for the post-COVID-19 condition, including its neurological manifestations, is growing, although there remain many unknowns regarding the etiology and risk factors of the condition, as well as how to effectively diagnose and treat it. Methods: Here, drawing upon the experiences and expertise of the clinicians and academics of the European working group on COVID-19, we have reviewed the current literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the neurological sequalae of the post-COVID-19 condition. Results: In this review, we provide a summary of the neurological symptoms associated with the post-COVID-19 condition, before discussing the possible mechanisms which may underly and manifest these symptoms. Following this, we explore the risk factors for developing neurological symptoms as a result of COVID-19 and the post-COVID-19 condition, as well as how COVID-19 infection may itself be a risk factor for the development of neurological disease in the future. Lastly, we evaluate how the post-COVID condition could be accurately diagnosed and effectively treated, including examples of the current guidelines, clinical outcomes, and tools that have been developed to aid in this process, as well as addressing the protection provided by COVID-19 vaccines against the post-COVID-19 condition. Conclusions: Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the neurological sequalae of the post-COVID-19 condition. Impact statement With our understanding of the neurological complications of the post-COVID-19 condition currently lacking sufficient depth, this review aimed at highlighting the current knowns and unknowns of the post-COVID-19 condition. In this review, we draw upon the experiences and expertise of the clinicians and academics of the European working group on COVID-19, as well as explore the current published literature, to evaluate a range of topics associated with the neurological complications of the post-COVID-19 condition. As a result, we have provided a comprehensive review of the topic. The European Working Group on SARS-CoV-2 Many essential questions surrounding COVID-19 remain unanswered, including its neurological complications and associated sequalae. In this review, we aim at identifying the current gaps in our understanding of post-COVID-19 neurological sequalae and suggest how future studies should be undertaken to fill these gaps. This review will draw upon the current biological and mechanistic understanding of COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 complications to discuss the clinically relevant aspects associated with the neurological manifestations of post-COVID-19 syndrome. From our discussions, the following questions were considered highly relevant for contemplation. FAU - Crook, Harry AU - Crook H AD - Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Ramirez, Alfredo AU - Ramirez A AD - Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, Texas, USA. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany. AD - Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Hosseini, Akram AU - Hosseini A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0133-9842 AD - Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom. FAU - Vavougyios, Georgios AU - Vavougyios G AD - Department of Neurology, University of Cyprus, Lefkosia, Cyprus. FAU - Lehmann, Clara AU - Lehmann C AD - Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Bruchfeld, Judith AU - Bruchfeld J AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Schneider, Anja AU - Schneider A AD - Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany. FAU - D'Avossa, Giovanni AU - D'Avossa G AD - School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom. FAU - Lo Re, Vincenzina AU - Lo Re V AD - Neurology Service, IRCCS-ISMETT, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Salmoiraghi, Alberto AU - Salmoiraghi A AD - Mental Health Learning Disability Division, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, United Kingdom. AD - Glyndwr University, Wrexham, United Kingdom. FAU - Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta AU - Mukaetova-Ladinska E AD - Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. FAU - Katshu, Mohammad AU - Katshu M AD - School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom. FAU - Boneschi, Filippo M AU - Boneschi FM AD - Division of Neuroscience and INSPE, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. FAU - Hakansson, Krister AU - Hakansson K AD - Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Geerlings, Mirjam AU - Geerlings M AD - University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, the Netherlands. FAU - Pracht, Elisabeth AU - Pracht E AD - Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Ruiz, Agustin AU - Ruiz A AD - Institut Catala de Neurociencies Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Jansen, Jacobus F A AU - Jansen JFA AD - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands. FAU - Snyder, Heather AU - Snyder H AD - Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Kivipelto, Miia AU - Kivipelto M AD - Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Edison, Paul AU - Edison P AD - Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. AD - Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - MR/T005580/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20230324 PL - United States TA - Brain Connect JT - Brain connectivity JID - 101550313 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Brain MH - *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology/etiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - neurological complications OT - neurology OT - post-COVID-19 condition EDAT- 2023/02/01 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/15 06:42 CRDT- 2023/01/31 12:13 PHST- 2023/05/15 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/31 12:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1089/brain.2022.0058 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Connect. 2023 May;13(4):178-210. doi: 10.1089/brain.2022.0058. Epub 2023 Mar 24. PMID- 36719546 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230612 LR - 20240408 IS - 2509-8020 (Electronic) IS - 2509-8020 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan 31 TI - Qualitative interviews to evaluate content validity of the ACTIV-2 COVID-19 Symptom Diary (ACSD). PG - 8 LID - 10.1186/s41687-022-00535-x [doi] LID - 8 AB - BACKGROUND: Patient-reported outcome measures are needed to assess the impact of treatments for COVID-19 on symptoms. The ACTIV-2 COVID-19 Symptom Diary (ACSD) is being used in the ongoing Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines-2 (ACTIV-2) platform clinical trial. The purpose of the current study was to conduct qualitative interviews to assess content validity of the ACSD. METHODS: Interviews were conducted with adults who had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. The ACSD begins with global items, followed by a symptom checklist. Each interview began with concept elicitation focusing on participant experiences with COVID-19. Then, participants completed the ACSD, and cognitive interviews were conducted to evaluate the questionnaire. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded following a qualitative content analysis. For the qualitative analysis, a coding dictionary was developed with a list of all potential codes and instructions for how the codes should be applied and combined. RESULTS: Interviews were conducted with 30 participants (mean age = 39 years; 57% female; 17% Latinx; 17% Black/African American; 40% meeting at least one criterion for classification as high risk of progression to severe COVID-19). Commonly reported symptoms included fatigue (reported by 100% of the sample), body pain/muscle pain/aches (87%), headaches (87%), cough (83%), loss of smell (73%), shortness of breath/difficulty breathing (70%), and chills (70%). The 13 symptoms most commonly reported in this study are included in the ACSD. After completing the ACSD, participants consistently reported that it was clear and easy to complete, and all items were generally interpreted as intended. Based on participants' input, the ACSD was edited slightly after the first 13 interviews, and the revised version was used for the final 17 interviews. Two additional items assessing "brain fog" and dizziness were recommended for addition to the ACSD in future research. CONCLUSIONS: This qualitative study supports the content validity of the ACSD for assessment of COVID-19 symptoms. Quantitative research with larger samples will be needed to examine the questionnaire's measurement properties. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Matza, Louis S AU - Matza LS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6374-5948 AD - Evidera, Bethesda, MD, USA. louis.matza@evidera.com. FAU - Stewart, Katie D AU - Stewart KD AD - Evidera, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Naegeli, April N AU - Naegeli AN AD - Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA. FAU - Mills, Kayla M AU - Mills KM AD - Formerly of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA. FAU - Coyne, Karin S AU - Coyne KS AD - Evidera, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Chew, Kara W AU - Chew KW AD - David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. FAU - Hughes, Michael D AU - Hughes MD AD - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Smith, Davey M AU - Smith DM AD - University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. LA - eng GR - UM1 AI069423/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069424/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068634/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI106701/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI069424/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068636/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230131 PL - Germany TA - J Patient Rep Outcomes JT - Journal of patient-reported outcomes JID - 101722688 MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/diagnosis MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Qualitative Research MH - Headache MH - Dyspnea MH - Pain PMC - PMC9888338 OAB - This study focused on the ACTIV-2 COVID-19 Symptom Diary (ACSD), a questionnaire that assesses symptom severity of COVID-19. The ACSD begins with global items assessing overall symptom severity, followed by a symptom checklist focusing on individual symptoms. Interviews were conducted with 30 adults who had tested positive for COVID-19. The patients reported their experiences with COVID-19, completed the ACSD, and provided their opinions about the ACSD. Based on input from these patients, the ACSD appears to be clear and easy to complete, and it includes the most common and important symptoms of COVID-19. The ACSD was edited for clarity, and "brain fog" and dizziness were recommended additions for future research. This study suggests that the ACSD is a useful questionnaire for assessment of COVID-19 symptoms in clinical studies. Studies like this are important for ensuring that symptoms are measured appropriately and accurately in clinical trials. Future research with larger samples will be needed to further examine the questionnaire. OABL- eng COIS- This qualitative study was funded by Eli Lilly and Company. Authors LSM, KDS, and KSC are employed by Evidera, a company that received funding from Lilly for time spent on this research. Authors ANN and KMM are or were employed by Lilly while this work was conducted. Authors KWC, MDH, and DMS did not receive funding for time spent on this qualitative research. EDAT- 2023/02/01 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/01 06:01 PMCR- 2023/01/31 CRDT- 2023/01/31 11:19 PHST- 2022/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/31 11:19 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/01 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41687-022-00535-x [pii] AID - 535 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41687-022-00535-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Patient Rep Outcomes. 2023 Jan 31;7(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s41687-022-00535-x. PMID- 36717892 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230201 LR - 20230516 IS - 2047-9158 (Print) IS - 2047-9158 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan 30 TI - Links between COVID-19 and Parkinson's disease/Alzheimer's disease: reciprocal impacts, medical care strategies and underlying mechanisms. PG - 5 LID - 10.1186/s40035-023-00337-1 [doi] AB - The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on patients with neurodegenerative diseases and the specific neurological manifestations of COVID-19 have aroused great interest. However, there are still many issues of concern to be clarified. Therefore, we review the current literature on the complex relationship between COVID-19 and neurodegenerative diseases with an emphasis on Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We summarize the impact of COVID-19 infection on symptom severity, disease progression, and mortality rate of PD and AD, and discuss whether COVID-19 infection could trigger PD and AD. In addition, the susceptibility to and the prognosis of COVID-19 in PD patients and AD patients are also included. In order to achieve better management of PD and AD patients, modifications of care strategies, specific drug therapies, and vaccines during the pandemic are also listed. At last, mechanisms underlying the link of COVID-19 with PD and AD are reviewed. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Huang, Pei AU - Huang P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1593-1516 AD - Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. FAU - Zhang, Lin-Yuan AU - Zhang LY AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China. FAU - Tan, Yu-Yan AU - Tan YY AD - Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. tyy11672@rjh.com.cn. FAU - Chen, Sheng-Di AU - Chen SD AD - Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. chensd@rjh.com.cn. AD - Lab for Translational Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, China. chensd@rjh.com.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20230130 PL - England TA - Transl Neurodegener JT - Translational neurodegeneration JID - 101591861 SB - IM EIN - Transl Neurodegener. 2023 May 12;12(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s40035-023-00349-x. PMID: 37173769 MH - Humans MH - *Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy MH - *Parkinson Disease/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Neurodegenerative Diseases MH - Disease Progression PMC - PMC9885419 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Alzheimer's disease OT - COVID-19 OT - Mechanism OT - Parkinson's disease OT - SARS-CoV-2 EDAT- 2023/02/01 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2023/01/31 00:04 PHST- 2022/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/31 00:04 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/02 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1186/s40035-023-00337-1 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40035-023-00337-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Transl Neurodegener. 2023 Jan 30;12(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s40035-023-00337-1. PMID- 36713476 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240912 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 28 DP - 2023 Mar TI - Neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms following infection with COVID-19: Evidence from laboratory and population studies. PG - 100595 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100595 [doi] LID - 100595 AB - OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current investigation was to examine associations between symptomatic COVID-19 history, neurocognitive function, and psychiatric symptoms using cognitive task performance, functional brain imaging, and a prospective population survey. METHODS: Study 1 was a laboratory study conducted between 3 May 2022 and 16 Nov 2022 involving 120 fully vaccinated community dwelling adults between 18 and 84 years of age (Mage = 31.96 (SD = 20.71), 63.3% female). In this cross-sectional study we examined the association between symptomatic COVID-19 infection history and performance on three computer tasks assessing cognitive function (Flanker interference, delay discounting and simple reaction time) and measured oxygen saturation within the prefrontal cortex using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Study 2 was a 2-wave population survey undertaken between 28 September 2021 and 21 March 2022, examining the prospective relationship between symptomatic COVID-19 and self-reported symptoms of cognitive dysfunction, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and agitation at 6-month follow up. The sample (N = 2,002, M (age) = 37.0, SD = 10.4; 60.8% female) was collected using a quota process to ensure equal numbers of vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Structural equation modelling with latent variables was performed on the population-level data, evaluating the fit of the proposed mediational model of symptomatic COVID-19 to psychiatric symptoms through cognitive dysfunction. RESULTS: Findings from Study 1 revealed significant effects of symptomatic COVID-19 history on Flanker interference and delay discounting. Effects on flanker performance were significantly stronger among older adult women (effect: 9.603, SE = 4.452, t = 2.157, p = .033), and were accompanied by task-related changes cerebral oxygenation at the right superior frontal gyrus (F (1, 143.1) = 4.729, p = .031). Additionally, those with a symptomatic COVID-19 infection history showed evidence of amplified delay discounting (coefficient = 0.4554, SE = 0.2208, t = 2.0629, p = .041). In Study 2, baseline symptomatic COVID-19 history was associated with self-reported cognitive dysfunction and a latent variable reflecting psychiatric symptoms of anxiety, depression and agitation at follow-up. Mediational analyses revealed evidence of cognitive mediation of clinically significant psychiatric outcomes: depression (indirect effect = 0.077, SE = 0.026, p = .003) and generalized anxiety (indirect effect = 0.060, SE = 0.021, p = .004). CONCLUSIONS: Converging findings from laboratory and population survey data support the conclusion that symptomatic COVID-19 infection is associated with task-related, functional imaging and self-reported indices of cognitive dysfunction as well as psychiatric symptoms. In some cases, these findings appear to be more amplified among women than men, and among older women than younger. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. FAU - Hall, Peter A AU - Hall PA AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. AD - Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Ayaz, Hasan AU - Ayaz H AD - School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, United States. AD - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States. AD - Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States. FAU - Meng, Gang AU - Meng G AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Hudson, Anna AU - Hudson A AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Sakib, Mohammad N AU - Sakib MN AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Quah, Anne C K AU - Quah ACK AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Agar, Thomas K AU - Agar TK AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Lee, Jessica A AU - Lee JA AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Boudreau, Christian AU - Boudreau C AD - Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Fong, Geoffrey T AU - Fong GT AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. AD - Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230124 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC9870612 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. fNIR Devices,LLC manufactures the optical brain imaging instrument and licensed IP and know-how from Drexel University. HA was involved in the technology development and thus offered a minor share in the startup firmfNIR Devices, LLC. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/31 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/31 06:01 PMCR- 2023/01/24 CRDT- 2023/01/30 04:16 PHST- 2022/10/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/30 04:16 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/31 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(23)00009-1 [pii] AID - 100595 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100595 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2023 Mar;28:100595. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100595. Epub 2023 Jan 24. PMID- 36703960 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230131 LR - 20230202 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Three doses of BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine establish long-lasting CD8(+) T cell immunity in CLL and MDS patients. PG - 1035344 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035344 [doi] LID - 1035344 AB - Patients with hematological malignancies are prioritized for COVID-19 vaccine due to their high risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection-related disease and mortality. To understand T cell immunity, its long-term persistence, and its correlation with antibody response, we evaluated the BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-specific immune response in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and myeloid dysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. Longitudinal analysis of CD8(+) T cells using DNA-barcoded peptide-MHC multimers covering the full SARS-CoV-2 Spike-protein (415 peptides) showed vaccine-specific T cell activation and persistence of memory T cells up to six months post-vaccination. Surprisingly, a higher frequency of vaccine-induced antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells was observed in the patient group compared to a healthy donor group. Furthermore, and importantly, immunization with the second booster dose significantly increased the frequency of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells as well as the total number of T cell specificities. Altogether 59 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine-derived immunogenic responses were identified, of which 23 established long-term CD8(+) T cell memory response with a strong immunodominance for NYNYLYRLF (HLA-A24:02) and YLQPRTFLL (HLA-A02:01) epitopes. In summary, we mapped the vaccine-induced antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells and showed a booster-specific activation and enrichment of memory T cells that could be important for long-term disease protection in this patient group. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Hernandez, Hersby, Munk, Tamhane, Trubach, Tagliamonte, Buonaguro, Gang, Hadrup and Saini. FAU - Hernandez, Susana Patricia Amaya AU - Hernandez SPA AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Hersby, Ditte Stampe AU - Hersby DS AD - Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Munk, Kamilla Kjaergaard AU - Munk KK AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Tamhane, Tripti AU - Tamhane T AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Trubach, Darya AU - Trubach D AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Tagliamonte, Maria AU - Tagliamonte M AD - Innovative Immunological Models Unit, National Cancer Institute Pascale Foundation - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy. FAU - Buonaguro, Luigi AU - Buonaguro L AD - Innovative Immunological Models Unit, National Cancer Institute Pascale Foundation - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy. FAU - Gang, Anne Ortved AU - Gang AO AD - Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Hadrup, Sine Reker AU - Hadrup SR AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Saini, Sunil Kumar AU - Saini SK AD - Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230110 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell MH - *Myelodysplastic Syndromes MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9873231 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8+ T cell OT - Hematological cancer OT - SARS - CoV - 2 OT - T cell memory OT - T-cell immunity OT - mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 COIS- SH is the cofounder of PokeAcell and is the co-inventor of the patents WO2015185067 and WO2015188839 for the barcoded MHC technology which is licensed to Immudex and co-inventor of the licensed patent for Combination encoding of MHC multimers EP2088/009356, licensee: Sanquin, NL. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/28 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/31 06:00 PMCR- 2023/01/10 CRDT- 2023/01/27 02:18 PHST- 2022/09/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/27 02:18 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/31 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035344 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 10;13:1035344. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035344. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36688986 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230323 LR - 20230428 IS - 2369-2960 (Electronic) IS - 2369-2960 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2023 Mar 21 TI - Decisions and Decisional Needs of Canadians From all Provinces and Territories During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Population-Based Cross-sectional Surveys. PG - e43652 LID - 10.2196/43652 [doi] LID - e43652 AB - BACKGROUND: Never before COVID-19 had Canadians faced making health-related decisions in a context of significant uncertainty. However, little is known about which type of decisions and the types of difficulties that they faced. OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify the health-related decisions and decisional needs of Canadians. METHODS: Our study was codesigned by researchers and knowledge users (eg, patients, clinicians). Informed by the CHERRIES (the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys) reporting guideline, we conducted 2 online surveys of random samples drawn from the Leger consumer panel of 400,000 Canadians. Eligible participants were adults (>/=18 years) who received or were receiving any health services in the past 12 months for themselves (adults) or for their child (parent) or senior with cognitive impairment (caregiver). We assessed decisions and decisional needs using questions informed by the Ottawa Decision Support Framework, including decisional conflict and decision regret using the Decision Conflict Scale (DCS) and the Decision Regret Scale (DRS), respectively. Descriptive statistics were conducted for adults who had decided for themselves or on behalf of someone else. Significant decisional conflict (SDC) was defined as a total DCS score of >37.5 out of 100, and significant decision regret was defined as a total DRS score of >25 out of 100. RESULTS: From May 18 to June 4, 2021, 14,459 adults and 6542 parents/caregivers were invited to participate. The invitation view rate was 15.5% (2236/14,459) and 28.3% (1850/6542); participation rate, 69.3% (1549/2236) and 28.7% (531/1850); and completion rate, 97.3% (1507/1549) and 95.1% (505/531), respectively. The survey was completed by 1454 (97.3%) adults and 438 (95.1%) parents/caregivers in English (1598/1892, 84.5%) or French (294/1892, 15.5%). Respondents from all 10 Canadian provinces and the northern territories represented a range of ages, education levels, civil statuses, ethnicities, and annual household income. Of 1892 respondents, 541 (28.6%) self-identified as members of marginalized groups. The most frequent decisions were (adults vs parents/caregivers) as follows: COVID-19 vaccination (490/1454, 33.7%, vs 87/438, 19.9%), managing a health condition (253/1454, 17.4%, vs 47/438, 10.7%), other COVID-19 decisions (158/1454, 10.9%, vs 85/438, 19.4%), mental health care (128/1454, 8.8%, vs 27/438, 6.2%), and medication treatments (115/1454, 7.9%, vs 23/438, 5.3%). Caregivers also reported decisions about moving family members to/from nursing or retirement homes (48/438, 11.0%). Adults (323/1454, 22.2%) and parents/caregivers (95/438, 21.7%) had SDC. Factors making decisions difficult were worrying about choosing the wrong option (557/1454, 38.3%, vs 184/438, 42.0%), worrying about getting COVID-19 (506/1454, 34.8%, vs 173/438, 39.5%), public health restrictions (427/1454, 29.4%, vs 158/438, 36.1%), information overload (300/1454, 20.6%, vs 77/438, 17.6%), difficulty separating misinformation from scientific evidence (297/1454, 20.4%, vs 77/438, 17.6%), and difficulty discussing decisions with clinicians (224/1454, 15.4%, vs 51/438, 11.6%). For 1318 (90.6%) adults and 366 (83.6%) parents/caregivers who had decided, 353 (26.8%) and 125 (34.2%) had significant decision regret, respectively. In addition, 1028 (50%) respondents made their decision alone without considering the opinions of clinicians. CONCLUSIONS: During COVID-19, Canadians who responded to the survey faced several new health-related decisions. Many reported unmet decision-making needs, resulting in SDC and decision regret. Interventions can be designed to address their decisional needs and support patients facing new health-related decisions. CI - (c)Dawn Stacey, Claire Ludwig, Patrick Archambault, Maureen Smith, Monica Taljaard, Meg Carley, Karine Plourde, Laura Boland, Amede Gogovor, Ian Graham, Daniel Kobewka, Robert K D McLean, Michelle L A Nelson, Brandi Vanderspank-Wright, France Legare. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 21.03.2023. FAU - Stacey, Dawn AU - Stacey D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2681-741X AD - School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Ludwig, Claire AU - Ludwig C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5443-984X AD - Patient Partner, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Archambault, Patrick AU - Archambault P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5090-6439 AD - Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada. AD - Centre de recherche integree pour un systeme apprenant en sante et services sociaux, Universite Laval, Levis, QC, Canada. AD - VITAM - Centre de recherche en sante durable, Universite Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada. FAU - Smith, Maureen AU - Smith M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2885-7028 AD - Patient Partner, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Cochrane Consumer Network Executive, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Taljaard, Monica AU - Taljaard M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3978-8961 AD - Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Carley, Meg AU - Carley M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2334-0908 AD - Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Plourde, Karine AU - Plourde K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8628-3950 AD - Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada. FAU - Boland, Laura AU - Boland L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8680-9844 AD - Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Gogovor, Amede AU - Gogovor A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5988-0442 AD - VITAM - Centre de recherche en sante durable, Universite Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada. FAU - Graham, Ian AU - Graham I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3669-1216 AD - Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Kobewka, Daniel AU - Kobewka D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1812-2335 AD - Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - General Internal Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - McLean, Robert K D AU - McLean RKD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8084-4817 AD - International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Nelson, Michelle L A AU - Nelson MLA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2002-0298 AD - Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Vanderspank-Wright, Brandi AU - Vanderspank-Wright B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1908-8212 AD - School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Legare, France AU - Legare F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2296-6696 AD - Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada. AD - VITAM - Centre de recherche en sante durable, Universite Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada. LA - eng GR - PJK-175386/CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230321 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Public Health Surveill JT - JMIR public health and surveillance JID - 101669345 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Decision Making MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Pandemics MH - Canada/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology PMC - PMC10131685 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - caregivers OT - decision regret OT - decisional conflict OT - health care OT - health care decisions OT - health outcome OT - older adults OT - pandemic preparedness OT - parents OT - public health decision OT - public health policy OT - shared decision-making COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2023/01/24 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/24 06:00 PMCR- 2023/03/21 CRDT- 2023/01/23 11:14 PHST- 2022/10/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/23 11:14 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v9i1e43652 [pii] AID - 10.2196/43652 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2023 Mar 21;9:e43652. doi: 10.2196/43652. PMID- 36681970 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230202 IS - 2694-1902 (Electronic) IS - 2694-1902 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 24 DP - 2022 Dec 12 TI - Transverse myelitis after Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine: illustrative case. LID - CASE22244 [pii] LID - 10.3171/CASE22244 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Transverse myelitis is a rare neurological occurrence with varied presentation. Imaging is necessary to properly diagnose this condition; however, identifying the cause of this condition may often be difficult. OBSERVATIONS: An otherwise healthy patient presented to the clinic with peculiar neurological symptoms without an obvious underlying cause. Imaging evidenced no significant structural defects but did lead to discovery of cord enhancement compatible with a diagnosis of transverse myelitis. Corticosteroid treatment was initiated rapidly to address this pathology, and the patient recovered without deficits. To identify the underlying cause, patient medical history was reviewed thoroughly and compared with existing literature. Previous tuberculosis infection could be a less likely cause of the neurological symptoms. However, recent vaccination with the Johnson & Johnson coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine could be a more likely cause of the transverse myelitis, which has been rarely reported. LESSONS: Transverse myelitis after COVID-19 infection has been an escalating phenomenon. However, transverse myelitis after COVID-19 vaccination is a rare occurrence that is also on the rise. Given the increased rates of vaccination, transverse myelitis should not be overlooked as a potential pathology, due to the severity of neurological impairment if this condition is not treated rapidly. FAU - Mathew, Ezek AU - Mathew E AD - 1University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and. FAU - Williamson, Julie AU - Williamson J AD - 2Department of Neurosurgery, The Medical City of Frisco, Frisco, Texas. FAU - Mamo, Lois AU - Mamo L AD - 2Department of Neurosurgery, The Medical City of Frisco, Frisco, Texas. FAU - Dickerman, Rob AU - Dickerman R AD - 2Department of Neurosurgery, The Medical City of Frisco, Frisco, Texas. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221212 PL - United States TA - J Neurosurg Case Lessons JT - Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons JID - 9918227275606676 PMC - PMC9745584 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine OT - rapid corticosteroid initiation OT - transverse myelitis COIS- Disclosures The authors report no conflict of interest concerning the materials or methods used in this study or the findings specified in this paper. EDAT- 2023/01/23 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/23 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/12 CRDT- 2023/01/22 14:04 PHST- 2022/05/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/22 14:04 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/23 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CASE22244 [pii] AID - 10.3171/CASE22244 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2022 Dec 12;4(24):CASE22244. doi: 10.3171/CASE22244. Print 2022 Dec 12. PMID- 36679948 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230202 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan 1 TI - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response. LID - 10.3390/vaccines11010103 [doi] LID - 103 AB - BACKGROUND: mRNA vaccines have played a crucial role in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. However, the immunological mechanisms involved in the induction, magnitude and longevity of mRNA-vaccine-induced protective immunity are still unclear. METHODS: In our study, we used whole-RNA sequencing along with detailed immunophenotyping of antigen-specific T cells and humoral RBD-specific response to dual immunization with the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) and correlated them with response to an additional dose, administered 10 months later, in order to comprehensively profile the immune response of healthy volunteers to BNT162b2. RESULTS: Primary dual immunization induced upregulation of the Type I interferon pathway and generated spike protein (S)-specific IFN-gamma+ and TNF-alpha+ CD4 T cells, S-specific memory CD4 T cells, and RBD-specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. S-specific CD4 T cells induced by the primary series correlated with the RBD-specific antibody titers to a third dose. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the induction of both innate and adaptive immunity in response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in a coordinated manner and identifies the central role of primarily induced CD4+ T cells as a predictive biomarker of the magnitude of anamnestic immune response. FAU - Papadatou, Ioanna AU - Papadatou I AD - First Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. AD - Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Lab, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. AD - University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Geropeppa, Maria AU - Geropeppa M AD - Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Lab, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Verrou, Kleio-Maria AU - Verrou KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4577-9973 AD - Center of New Biotechnologies & Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Tzanoudaki, Marianna AU - Tzanoudaki M AD - Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Specialized Center and Referral Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Paediatric Immunology, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Lagousi, Theano AU - Lagousi T AD - First Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. AD - Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Lab, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. AD - University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Liatsis, Emmanouil AU - Liatsis E AD - Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Specialized Center and Referral Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Paediatric Immunology, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece. FAU - Spoulou, Vana AU - Spoulou V AD - First Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. AD - Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Lab, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece. LA - eng GR - N/A/University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, First Department of Paediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230101 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9861479 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccine OT - immunological memory OT - systems vaccinology OT - transcriptomics COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/22 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/22 06:01 PMCR- 2023/01/01 CRDT- 2023/01/21 01:57 PHST- 2022/12/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/21 01:57 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11010103 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-00103 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11010103 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jan 1;11(1):103. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010103. PMID- 36679939 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20261001 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec 30 TI - Cognitive and Cultural Factors That Affect General Vaccination and COVID-19 Vaccination Attitudes. LID - 10.3390/vaccines11010094 [doi] LID - 94 AB - The development of COVID-19 vaccines is a major scientific accomplishment that has armed communities worldwide with powerful epidemic control tools. Yet, COVID-19 vaccination efforts in the US have been marred by persistent vaccine hesitancy. We used survey methodology to explore the impact of different cognitive and cultural factors on the public's general vaccination attitudes, attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines, and COVID-19 vaccination status. The factors include information literacy, science literacy, attitudes towards science, interpersonal trust, public health trust, political ideology, and religiosity. The analysis suggests that attitudes towards vaccination are influenced by a multitude of factors that operate in a complex manner. General vaccination attitude was most affected by attitudes towards science and public health trust and to a lesser degree by information literacy, science literacy, and religiosity. Attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines were most affected by public health trust and to a lesser extent by general trust, ideology and attitudes towards science. Vaccination status was most influenced by public health trust. Possible mediating effects of correlated variables in the model need to be further explored. The study underscores the importance of understanding the relationship between public health trust, literacies, and sociocultural factors. FAU - Keselman, Alla AU - Keselman A AD - National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA. FAU - Arnott Smith, Catherine AU - Arnott Smith C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3683-2074 AD - Information School, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. FAU - Wilson, Amanda J AU - Wilson AJ AD - National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA. FAU - Leroy, Gondy AU - Leroy G AD - Management Information Systems, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. FAU - Kaufman, David R AU - Kaufman DR AD - Medical Informatics Program, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221230 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9865922 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - information literacy OT - misinformation OT - science literacy OT - trust OT - vaccination hesitancy COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/22 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/22 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/30 CRDT- 2023/01/21 01:57 PHST- 2022/10/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/21 01:57 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11010094 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-00094 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11010094 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Dec 30;11(1):94. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010094. PMID- 36679929 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230201 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec 30 TI - Development and Validation of the Outcome Expectancy Scale for COVID-19 Vaccination in the Adult General Population. LID - 10.3390/vaccines11010085 [doi] LID - 85 AB - Promotion of COVID-19 vaccination requires understanding its determinants, an important one of which is outcome expectancy. However, reliable and valid measurement tools are absent. This study thus developed and validated an Outcome Expectancy Scale for COVID-19 Vaccination (OES-COVID-19). An inductive approach was used for scale development; content validity of the items was then assessed by an independent evaluation expert panel. Iteratively, 17 scale items were created and validated in a population-based telephone survey conducted among 500 adults of the general population in Hong Kong, China, from August to September 2021. Using half of the sample (n = 249), exploratory factor analyses identified four factors of the OES-COVID-19, including (a) positive contribution to society, (b) functional benefits, (c) protective effect, and (d) negative impacts. Confirmatory factor analysis of these factors conducted on the second subsample (n = 251) was satisfactory. The OES-COVID-19 showed good psychometric properties in terms of internal consistency, absence of floor/ceiling effects, and concurrent validity. The newly created and validated OES-COVID-19 is deemed suitable for application. It may advance future studies related to COVID-19 vaccination behavior and intention, and potentially allows for comparisons across studies. Further validation with modifications across countries, populations, and phase of the pandemic are warranted. FAU - Yu, Yanqiu AU - Yu Y AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. FAU - Fong, Vivian W I AU - Fong VWI AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Lau, Mason M C AU - Lau MMC AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Lau, Joseph T F AU - Lau JTF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2344-7107 AD - Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China. AD - School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China. AD - School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. LA - eng GR - NA/Internal funding of the Center for Health Behaviours Research, the Chinese University of Hong Kong/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221230 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9866430 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - China OT - cognition OT - outcome expectancy OT - scale development OT - validation COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/22 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/22 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/30 CRDT- 2023/01/21 01:57 PHST- 2022/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/21 01:57 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines11010085 [pii] AID - vaccines-11-00085 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines11010085 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Dec 30;11(1):85. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010085. PMID- 36655200 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231106 IS - 2469-2964 (Electronic) IS - 2469-2964 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 2 DP - 2022 TI - B-Cell Responses to Sars-Cov-2 mRNA Vaccines. PG - 93-119 LID - 10.20411/pai.v7i2.550 [doi] AB - Most vaccines against viral pathogens protect through the acquisition of immunological memory from long-lived plasma cells that produce antibodies and memory B cells that can rapidly respond upon an encounter with the pathogen or its variants. The COVID-19 pandemic and rapid deployment of effective vaccines have provided an unprecedented opportunity to study the immune response to a new yet rapidly evolving pathogen. Here we review the scientific literature and our efforts to understand antibody and B-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the effect of SARSCoV-2 infection on both primary and secondary immune responses, and how repeated exposures may impact outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Pathogens and Immunity. FAU - Kardava, Lela AU - Kardava L AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD. FAU - Buckner, Clarisa M AU - Buckner CM AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD. FAU - Moir, Susan AU - Moir S AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221209 PL - United States TA - Pathog Immun JT - Pathogens & immunity JID - 101683909 PMC - PMC9836209 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - memory response OT - plasmablasts OT - protective immunity OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/20 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/20 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/09 CRDT- 2023/01/19 02:03 PHST- 2022/10/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/19 02:03 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/20 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pai.v7i2.550 [pii] AID - 10.20411/pai.v7i2.550 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pathog Immun. 2022 Dec 9;7(2):93-119. doi: 10.20411/pai.v7i2.550. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36652774 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230213 LR - 20230227 IS - 1879-0372 (Electronic) IS - 0952-7915 (Linking) VI - 80 DP - 2023 Feb TI - Functional heterogeneity in the memory B-cell response. PG - 102281 LID - S0952-7915(22)00128-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102281 [doi] AB - Most vaccines induce robust antibody and memory B-cell (MBC) responses that are capable of mediating protective immunity. However, antibody titers wane following vaccination necessitating the administration of booster vaccines to maintain a protective antibody titer. MBCs are stably maintained following vaccination and can rapidly give rise to antibody-secreting cells or undergo further affinity maturation upon antigen re-encounter. Repeated antigen encounter results in the development of MBCs that encode antibodies capable of mediating broadly protective immunity against viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza. Here, we summarize emerging evidence that MBCs are a heterogeneous population composed of transcriptionally and phenotypically distinct subsets that have discrete roles in mediating protective immunity upon antigen re-encounter and examine the implications of these findings for the development of vaccines capable of eliciting broadly protective immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Henry, Brittany AU - Henry B AD - Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Laidlaw, Brian J AU - Laidlaw BJ AD - Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address: brian.laidlaw@wustl.edu. LA - eng GR - DP2 AI169978/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K22 AI153015/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20230116 PL - England TA - Curr Opin Immunol JT - Current opinion in immunology JID - 8900118 RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antigens) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - B-Lymphocytes MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Influenza, Human MH - *Influenza Vaccines MH - Antigens MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Immunologic Memory EDAT- 2023/01/19 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/14 06:00 CRDT- 2023/01/18 18:04 PHST- 2022/10/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/18 18:04 [entrez] AID - S0952-7915(22)00128-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102281 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Immunol. 2023 Feb;80:102281. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102281. Epub 2023 Jan 16. PMID- 36644712 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230417 IS - 2468-0249 (Electronic) IS - 2468-0249 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Apr TI - Rapid Waning of Immune Memory Against SARS-CoV-2 in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients After mRNA Vaccination and Impact of a Booster Dose. PG - 907-911 LID - 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.01.004 [doi] FAU - Espi, Maxime AU - Espi M AD - Centre International de recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, UCBL1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France. AD - Hospices civils de Lyon, CHLS, Service de nephrologie dialyse et nutrition, Pierre Benite, France. FAU - Charmetant, Xavier AU - Charmetant X AD - Centre International de recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, UCBL1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France. AD - Hospices civils de Lyon, HEH, Service de transplantation, Nephrologie et Immunologie clinique, Lyon, France. FAU - Mathieu, Cyrille AU - Mathieu C AD - Centre International de recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, UCBL1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France. FAU - Lalande, Alexandre AU - Lalande A AD - Centre International de recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, UCBL1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France. FAU - Decimo, Didier AU - Decimo D AD - Centre International de recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, UCBL1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France. FAU - Koppe, Laetitia AU - Koppe L AD - Hospices civils de Lyon, CHLS, Service de nephrologie dialyse et nutrition, Pierre Benite, France. AD - CarMeN laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRAE U1397, Universite Lyon1, Lyon, France. AD - Faculte de medecine, UCBL1, Villeurbanne, France. FAU - Pelletier, Caroline AU - Pelletier C AD - Hospices civils de Lyon, HEH, Service de nephrologie et hemodialyse, Lyon, France. FAU - Ovize, Anne AU - Ovize A AD - Laboratoires Eurofins Biomnis, Lyon, France. FAU - Barbry, Alexia AU - Barbry A AD - Laboratoires Eurofins Biomnis, Lyon, France. FAU - Morelon, Emmanuel AU - Morelon E AD - Hospices civils de Lyon, HEH, Service de transplantation, Nephrologie et Immunologie clinique, Lyon, France. AD - Faculte de medecine, UCBL1, Villeurbanne, France. FAU - Kalbacher, Emilie AU - Kalbacher E AD - Hospices civils de Lyon, HEH, Service de nephrologie et hemodialyse, Lyon, France. FAU - Fouque, Denis AU - Fouque D AD - Hospices civils de Lyon, CHLS, Service de nephrologie dialyse et nutrition, Pierre Benite, France. AD - Faculte de medecine, UCBL1, Villeurbanne, France. FAU - Thaunat, Olivier AU - Thaunat O AD - Centre International de recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, UCBL1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France. AD - Hospices civils de Lyon, HEH, Service de transplantation, Nephrologie et Immunologie clinique, Lyon, France. AD - Faculte de medecine, UCBL1, Villeurbanne, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230109 PL - United States TA - Kidney Int Rep JT - Kidney international reports JID - 101684752 PMC - PMC9827668 EDAT- 2023/01/17 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/17 06:01 PMCR- 2023/01/09 CRDT- 2023/01/16 03:09 PHST- 2022/10/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/17 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/16 03:09 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2468-0249(23)00005-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.01.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Kidney Int Rep. 2023 Apr;8(4):907-911. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.01.004. Epub 2023 Jan 9. PMID- 36631890 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231106 IS - 1880-9693 (Print) IS - 1880-8190 (Electronic) IS - 1880-8190 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan 12 TI - Humoral immunity for durable control of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. PG - 4 LID - 10.1186/s41232-023-00255-9 [doi] LID - 4 AB - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is ongoing because of the repeated emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, highlighting the importance of developing vaccines for variants that may continue to emerge. In the present review, we discuss humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 with a focus on the antibody breadth to the variants. Recent studies have revealed that the temporal maturation of humoral immunity improves the antibody potency and breadth to the variants after infection or vaccination. Repeated vaccination or infection further accelerates the expansion of the antibody breadth. Memory B cells play a central role in this phenomenon, as the reactivity of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) on memory B cells is a key determinant of the antibody potency and breadth recalled upon vaccination or infection. The evolution of memory B cells remarkably improves the reactivity of BCR to antigenically distinct Omicron variants, to which the host has never been exposed. Thus, the evolution of memory B cells toward the variants constitutes an immunological basis for the durable and broad control of SARS-CoV-2 variants. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Kotaki, Ryutaro AU - Kotaki R AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Moriyama, Saya AU - Moriyama S AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan. sayamrym@niid.go.jp. FAU - Takahashi, Yoshimasa AU - Takahashi Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6342-4087 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan. ytakahas@niid.go.jp. LA - eng GR - JP22K16383/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ GR - JP20fk0108516/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development/ GR - JP20fk0108104/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development/ GR - JP20fk0108534/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development/ GR - JP22fk0108141/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230112 PL - England TA - Inflamm Regen JT - Inflammation and regeneration JID - 101479577 PMC - PMC9834039 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibody OT - B cell OT - Immunological memory OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/01/12 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/12 06:01 PMCR- 2023/01/12 CRDT- 2023/01/11 23:40 PHST- 2022/09/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/11 23:40 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41232-023-00255-9 [pii] AID - 255 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41232-023-00255-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Inflamm Regen. 2023 Jan 12;43(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s41232-023-00255-9. PMID- 36631153 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230113 LR - 20230117 IS - 1756-1833 (Electronic) IS - 0959-8138 (Print) IS - 0959-8138 (Linking) VI - 380 DP - 2023 Jan 11 TI - Long covid outcomes at one year after mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: nationwide cohort study. PG - e072529 LID - 10.1136/bmj-2022-072529 [doi] LID - e072529 AB - OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinical sequelae of long covid for a year after infection in patients with mild disease and to evaluate its association with age, sex, SARS-CoV-2 variants, and vaccination status. DESIGN: Retrospective nationwide cohort study. SETTING: Electronic medical records from an Israeli nationwide healthcare organisation. POPULATION: 1 913 234 Maccabi Healthcare Services members of all ages who did a polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 March 2020 and 1 October 2021. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Risk of an evidence based list of 70 reported long covid outcomes in unvaccinated patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 matched to uninfected people, adjusted for age and sex and stratified by SARS-CoV-2 variants, and risk in patients with a breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with unvaccinated infected controls. Risks were compared using hazard ratios and risk differences per 10 000 patients measured during the early (30-180 days) and late (180-360 days) time periods after infection. RESULTS: Covid-19 infection was significantly associated with increased risks in early and late periods for anosmia and dysgeusia (hazard ratio 4.59 (95% confidence interval 3.63 to 5.80), risk difference 19.6 (95% confidence interval 16.9 to 22.4) in early period; 2.96 (2.29 to 3.82), 11.0 (8.5 to 13.6) in late period), cognitive impairment (1.85 (1.58 to 2.17), 12.8, (9.6 to 16.1); 1.69 (1.45 to 1.96), 13.3 (9.4 to 17.3)), dyspnoea (1.79 (1.68 to 1.90), 85.7 (76.9 to 94.5); 1.30 (1.22 to 1.38), 35.4 (26.3 to 44.6)), weakness (1.78 (1.69 to 1.88), 108.5, 98.4 to 118.6; 1.30 (1.22 to 1.37), 50.2 (39.4 to 61.1)), and palpitations (1.49 (1.35 to 1.64), 22.1 (16.8 to 27.4); 1.16 (1.05 to 1.27), 8.3 (2.4 to 14.1)) and with significant but lower excess risk for streptococcal tonsillitis and dizziness. Hair loss, chest pain, cough, myalgia, and respiratory disorders were significantly increased only during the early phase. Male and female patients showed minor differences, and children had fewer outcomes than adults during the early phase of covid-19, which mostly resolved in the late period. Findings remained consistent across SARS-CoV-2 variants. Vaccinated patients with a breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection had a lower risk for dyspnoea and similar risk for other outcomes compared with unvaccinated infected patients. CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide study suggests that patients with mild covid-19 are at risk for a small number of health outcomes, most of which are resolved within a year from diagnosis. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Mizrahi, Barak AU - Mizrahi B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1053-4773 AD - KI Research Institute, Kfar Malal, Israel. FAU - Sudry, Tamar AU - Sudry T AD - KI Research Institute, Kfar Malal, Israel. FAU - Flaks-Manov, Natalie AU - Flaks-Manov N AD - KI Research Institute, Kfar Malal, Israel. FAU - Yehezkelli, Yoav AU - Yehezkelli Y AD - KI Research Institute, Kfar Malal, Israel. FAU - Kalkstein, Nir AU - Kalkstein N AD - KI Research Institute, Kfar Malal, Israel. FAU - Akiva, Pinchas AU - Akiva P AD - KI Research Institute, Kfar Malal, Israel. FAU - Ekka-Zohar, Anat AU - Ekka-Zohar A AD - Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Ben David, Shirley Shapiro AU - Ben David SS AD - Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Lerner, Uri AU - Lerner U AD - Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Bivas-Benita, Maytal AU - Bivas-Benita M AD - KI Research Institute, Kfar Malal, Israel. FAU - Greenfeld, Shira AU - Greenfeld S AD - Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230111 PL - England TA - BMJ JT - BMJ (Clinical research ed.) JID - 8900488 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Cohort Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Dyspnea PMC - PMC9832503 COIS- Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at https://www.icmje.org/disclosure-of-interest/ and declare: no support from any organisation for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2023/01/12 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/14 06:00 PMCR- 2023/01/11 CRDT- 2023/01/11 20:43 PHST- 2023/01/11 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmj-2022-072529.R1 [pii] AID - mizb072529 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmj-2022-072529 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ. 2023 Jan 11;380:e072529. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072529. PMID- 36626183 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230421 LR - 20231025 IS - 1897-9483 (Electronic) IS - 0032-3772 (Linking) VI - 133 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Apr 19 TI - COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae: what do we know in 2023? LID - 16402 [pii] LID - 10.20452/pamw.16402 [doi] AB - Post‑viral syndrome is a well‑known medical condition characterized by different levels of physical, cognitive, and emotional impairment that may persist with fluctuating severity after recovering from an acute viral infection. Unsurprisingly, COVID‑19 may also be accompanied by medium- and long‑term clinical sequelae after recovering from a SARS‑CoV‑2 infection. Although many clinical definitions have been provided, "long‑COVID" can be defined as a condition occurring in patients with a history of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection, developing 3 months from the symptoms onset, persisting for at least 2 months, and not explained by alternative diagnoses. According to recent global analyses, the cumulative prevalence of long‑COVID seems to range between 9% and 63%, and is up to 6‑fold higher than that of similar postviral infection conditions. Long‑COVID primarily encompasses the presence of at least 1 symptom, such as fatigue, dyspnea, cognitive impairment / brain fog, postexertional malaise, memory issues, musculoskeletal pain / spasms, cough, sleep disturbances, tachycardia / palpitations, altered smell / taste perception, headache, chest pain, and depression. The most important demographic and clinical predictors to date are female sex, older age, cigarette smoking, pre‑existing medical conditions, lack of COVID‑19 vaccination, infection with pre‑Omicron SARS‑CoV‑2 variants, number of acute phase symptoms, viral load, severe / critical COVID‑19 illness, as well as invasive mechanical ventilation. Concerning the care for long‑COVID patients, the greatest challenge is the fact that this syndrome cannot be considered a single clinical entity, and thus it needs an integrated multidisciplinary management, specifically tailored to the type and severity of symptoms. FAU - Lippi, Giuseppe AU - Lippi G AD - Section of Clinical Biochemistry and School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. giuseppe.lippi@univr.it FAU - Sanchis-Gomar, Fabian AU - Sanchis-Gomar F AD - Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States FAU - Henry, Brandon M AU - Henry BM AD - Clinical Laboratory, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230109 PL - Poland TA - Pol Arch Intern Med JT - Polish archives of internal medicine JID - 101700960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM CIN - Pol Arch Intern Med. 2023 May 23;133(5):16506. doi: 10.20452/pamw.16506. PMID: 37219466 MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - Disease Progression EDAT- 2023/01/11 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/21 06:41 CRDT- 2023/01/10 11:36 PHST- 2023/04/21 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/10 11:36 [entrez] AID - 16402 [pii] AID - 10.20452/pamw.16402 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pol Arch Intern Med. 2023 Apr 19;133(4):16402. doi: 10.20452/pamw.16402. Epub 2023 Jan 9. PMID- 36618428 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230110 LR - 20230118 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Monoclonal antibodies constructed from COVID-19 convalescent memory B cells exhibit potent binding activity to MERS-CoV spike S2 subunit and other human coronaviruses. PG - 1056272 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1056272 [doi] LID - 1056272 AB - INTRODUCTION: The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are two highly contagious coronaviruses causing MERS and COVID-19, respectively, without an effective antiviral drug and a long-lasting vaccine. Approaches for diagnosis, therapeutics, prevention, etc., particularly for SARS-CoV-2 that is continually spreading and evolving, are urgently needed. Our previous study discovered that >60% of sera from convalescent COVID-19 individuals, but <8% from general population, showed binding activity against the MERS-CoV spike protein, indicating that SARS-CoV-2 infection boosted antibodies cross-reactive with MERS-CoV. METHODS: To generate antibodies specific to both SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV, here we screened 60 COVID-19 convalescent sera against MERS-CoV spike extracellular domain and S1 and S2 subunits. We constructed and characterized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from COVID-19 convalescent memory B cells and examined their binding and neutralizing activities against human coronaviruses. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Of 60 convalescent serum samples, 34 showed binding activity against MERS-CoV S2, with endpoint titers positively correlated with the titers to SARS-CoV-2 S2. By sorting single memory B cells from COVID-19 convalescents, we constructed 38 mAbs and found that 11 mAbs showed binding activity with MERS-CoV S2, of which 9 mAbs showed potent cross-reactivity with all or a proportion of spike proteins of alphacoronaviruses (229E and NL63) and betacoronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, OC43, and HKU1). Moreover, 5 mAbs also showed weak neutralization efficiency against MERS-CoV spike pseudovirus. Epitope analysis revealed that 3 and 8 mAbs bound to linear and conformational epitopes in MERS-CoV S2, respectively. In summary, we have constructed a panel of antibodies with broad-spectrum reactivity against all seven human coronaviruses, thus facilitating the development of diagnosis methods and vaccine design for multiple coronaviruses. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Peng, Liu, Hu, Chang, Wu, Yang, Chen, Teng, Zhang, He, Wei, Bostina, Luo, Liu, Qu and Li. FAU - Peng, Yuan AU - Peng Y AD - College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Yongcheng AU - Liu Y AD - Institute of Human Virology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Biosecurity, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Hu, Yabin AU - Hu Y AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Chang, Fangfang AU - Chang F AD - Institute of Human Virology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Biosecurity, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wu, Qian AU - Wu Q AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. AD - Institute of Human Virology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Biosecurity, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Yang, Jing AU - Yang J AD - School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Jun AU - Chen J AD - School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Teng, Shishan AU - Teng S AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Zhang, Jian AU - Zhang J AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - He, Rongzhang AU - He R AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Wei, Youchuan AU - Wei Y AD - College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Bostina, Mihnea AU - Bostina M AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. FAU - Luo, Tingrong AU - Luo T AD - College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. FAU - Liu, Wenpei AU - Liu W AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Qu, Xiaowang AU - Qu X AD - Translational Medicine Institute, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China. FAU - Li, Yi-Ping AU - Li YP AD - Institute of Human Virology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Biosecurity, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221222 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Epitopes) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal MH - Memory B Cells MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - COVID-19 Serotherapy MH - *Coronaviridae MH - Epitopes PMC - PMC9813381 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - convalescents OT - coronavirus OT - middle eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus OT - monoclonal antibody OT - spike protein COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/10 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/11 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/22 CRDT- 2023/01/09 03:31 PHST- 2022/09/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/09 03:31 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1056272 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Dec 22;13:1056272. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1056272. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36618402 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230110 LR - 20231006 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination rescues attenuated IgG1 memory B cell response in primary antibody deficiency patients. PG - 1033770 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033770 [doi] LID - 1033770 AB - BACKGROUND: Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have proven effective in eliciting a protective immune response in healthy individuals, their ability to induce a durable immune response in immunocompromised individuals remains poorly understood. Primary antibody deficiency (PAD) syndromes are among the most common primary immunodeficiency disorders in adults and are characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and impaired ability to mount robust antibody responses following infection or vaccination. METHODS: Here, we present an analysis of both the B and T cell response in a prospective cohort of 30 individuals with PAD up to 150 days following initial COVID-19 vaccination and 150 days post mRNA booster vaccination. RESULTS: After the primary vaccination series, many of the individuals with PAD syndromes mounted SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B and CD4(+) T cell responses that overall were comparable to healthy individuals. Nonetheless, individuals with PAD syndromes had reduced IgG1(+) and CD11c(+) memory B cell responses following the primary vaccination series, with the defect in IgG1 class-switching rescued following mRNA booster doses. Boosting also elicited an increase in the SARS-CoV-2-specific B and T cell response and the development of Omicron-specific memory B cells in COVID-19-naive PAD patients. Individuals that lacked detectable B cell responses following primary vaccination did not benefit from booster vaccination. CONCLUSION: Together, these data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines elicit memory B and T cells in most PAD patients and highlights the importance of booster vaccination in immunodeficient individuals. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Lin, Doss, Davis-Adams, Adams, Hanson, VanBlargan, Liang, Chen, Monroy, Wedner, Kulczycki, Mantia, O'Shaughnessy, Raju, Zhao, Rizzi, Rigell, Dy, Kau, Ren, Turner, O'Halloran, Presti, Fremont, Kendall, Ellebedy, Mudd, Diamond, Zimmerman and Laidlaw. FAU - Lin, Frank J AU - Lin FJ AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Doss, Alexa Michelle Altman AU - Doss AMA AD - Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Davis-Adams, Hannah G AU - Davis-Adams HG AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Adams, Lucas J AU - Adams LJ AD - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Hanson, Christopher H AU - Hanson CH AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - VanBlargan, Laura A AU - VanBlargan LA AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Liang, Chieh-Yu AU - Liang CY AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. AD - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Chen, Rita E AU - Chen RE AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. AD - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Monroy, Jennifer Marie AU - Monroy JM AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Wedner, H James AU - Wedner HJ AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Kulczycki, Anthony AU - Kulczycki A AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Mantia, Tarisa L AU - Mantia TL AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - O'Shaughnessy, Caitlin C AU - O'Shaughnessy CC AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Raju, Saravanan AU - Raju S AD - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Zhao, Fang R AU - Zhao FR AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Rizzi, Elise AU - Rizzi E AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Rigell, Christopher J AU - Rigell CJ AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Dy, Tiffany Biason AU - Dy TB AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Kau, Andrew L AU - Kau AL AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. AD - Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Ren, Zhen AU - Ren Z AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Turner, Jackson S AU - Turner JS AD - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - O'Halloran, Jane A AU - O'Halloran JA AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Presti, Rachel M AU - Presti RM AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Fremont, Daved H AU - Fremont DH AD - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Kendall, Peggy L AU - Kendall PL AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Ellebedy, Ali H AU - Ellebedy AH AD - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States. AD - The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology & Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Mudd, Philip A AU - Mudd PA AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States. AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Diamond, Michael S AU - Diamond MS AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. AD - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States. AD - The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology & Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States. AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Zimmerman, Ofer AU - Zimmerman O AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. FAU - Laidlaw, Brian J AU - Laidlaw BJ AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. LA - eng GR - DP2 AI169978/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI150747/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201400008C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 GM007200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI157155/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI141990/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002345/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - K22 AI153015/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI151810/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201400006C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00051/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20221222 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Memory B Cells MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Prospective Studies MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - RNA, Messenger MH - Vaccination MH - *Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases PMC - PMC9817149 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - common variable immunodeficiency OT - hypogammaglobulinemia OT - immune memory OT - primary antibody deficiency OT - specific antibody deficiency OT - vaccination COIS- MD is a consultant for Inbios, Vir Biotechnology, Senda Biosciences, Moderna, and Immunome. The Diamond laboratory has received unrelated funding support in sponsored research agreements from Moderna, Vir Biotechnology, Immunome, and Emergent BioSolutions. OZ and family own Moderna stock. The Ellebedy laboratory received unrelated funding support from Emergent BioSolutions and AbbVie. AE is a consultant for Mubadala Investment Company and the founder of ImmuneBio Consulting. JT is a consultant for Gerson Lehrman Group. JT and AE are recipients of a licensing agreement with Abbvie that is unrelated to this manuscript. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/10 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/11 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/22 CRDT- 2023/01/09 03:31 PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/09 03:31 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033770 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Dec 22;13:1033770. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033770. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36603767 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230503 LR - 20230515 IS - 1995-820X (Electronic) IS - 1674-0769 (Print) IS - 1995-820X (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Apr TI - Omicron variants breakthrough infection elicited higher specific memory immunity than third dose booster in healthy vaccinees. PG - 233-243 LID - S1995-820X(22)00214-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.virs.2022.12.008 [doi] AB - Homologous booster, heterologous booster, and Omicron variants breakthrough infection (OBI) could improve the humoral immunity against Omicron variants. Questions concerning about memory B cells (MBCs) and T cells immunity against Omicron variants, features of long-term immunity, after booster and OBI, needs to be explored. Here, comparative analysis demonstrate antibody and T cell immunity against ancestral strain, Delta and Omicron variants in Omicron breakthrough infected patients (OBIPs) are comparable to that in Ad5-nCoV boosted healthy volunteers (HVs), higher than that in inactivated vaccine (InV) boosted HVs. However, memory B cells (MBCs) immunity against Omicron variants was highest in OBIPs, followed by Ad5-nCoV boosted and InV boosted HVs. OBIPs and Ad5-nCoV boosted HVs have higher classical MBCs and activated MBCs, and lower naive MBCs and atypical MBCs relative to both vaccine boosted HVs. Collectively, these data indicate Omicron breakthrough infection elicit higher MBCs and T cells against SARS-CoV-2 especially Omicron variants relative to homologous InV booster and heterologous Ad5-nCoV booster. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Yu, Pei AU - Yu P AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Liu, Zijian AU - Liu Z AD - State Key Laboratories of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510535, China. FAU - Zhu, Zhuoqi AU - Zhu Z AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, Dongguan Ninth People's Hospital, Dongguan, 523016, China. FAU - Yang, Jiaqing AU - Yang J AD - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. FAU - Deng, Min AU - Deng M AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Chen, Mingxiao AU - Chen M AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Lai, Changchun AU - Lai C AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, 525000, China. FAU - Kong, Weiya AU - Kong W AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Xiong, Shilong AU - Xiong S AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Wan, Li AU - Wan L AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Mai, Weikang AU - Mai W AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Chen, Lu AU - Chen L AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Lei, Yu AU - Lei Y AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Khan, Shahzad Akbar AU - Khan SA AD - Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Poonch Rawalakot Azad Kashmir Pakistan 12350, Pakistan. FAU - Ruan, Jianfeng AU - Ruan J AD - Hospital Infection-Control Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Kang, An AU - Kang A AD - Medical Examination Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Guo, Xuguang AU - Guo X AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140, China. FAU - Zhou, Qiang AU - Zhou Q AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. FAU - Li, Wenrui AU - Li W AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, Dongguan Ninth People's Hospital, Dongguan, 523016, China. FAU - Chen, Zheng AU - Chen Z AD - Kidney Transplant Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. Electronic address: docchenzheng@163.com. FAU - Liang, Yuemei AU - Liang Y AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, Dongguan Ninth People's Hospital, Dongguan, 523016, China. Electronic address: 784604898@qq.com. FAU - Li, Pingchao AU - Li P AD - State Key Laboratories of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510535, China. Electronic address: li_pingchao@gibh.ac.cn. FAU - Zhang, Lei AU - Zhang L AD - Kidney Transplant Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China; Department of Organ Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510630, China. Electronic address: 517728181@qq.com. FAU - Ji, Tianxing AU - Ji T AD - Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China. Electronic address: jitianxing7021@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230102 PL - Netherlands TA - Virol Sin JT - Virologica Sinica JID - 101514185 RN - 0 (Antibodies) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Breakthrough Infections MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing PMC - PMC10176432 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ad5-nCoV booster OT - Binding antibody OT - Inactivated vaccine booster OT - Memory immunity OT - Omicron variants breakthrough infection COIS- Conflict of interest All authors declare that there is no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/01/06 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/03 06:42 PMCR- 2023/01/02 CRDT- 2023/01/05 19:13 PHST- 2022/09/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/03 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/05 19:13 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1995-820X(22)00214-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.virs.2022.12.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Virol Sin. 2023 Apr;38(2):233-243. doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.12.008. Epub 2023 Jan 2. PMID- 36602051 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230228 LR - 20230302 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 95 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb TI - Memory impairment among recovered COVID-19 patients: The prevalence and risk factors, a retrospective cohort study. PG - e28459 LID - 10.1002/jmv.28459 [doi] AB - The aim of this study is to demonstrate the prevalence of the long-term side effects of COVID-19, namely memory impairment among recovered patients, and obtaining the associated factors that link with memory impairment. It is a cross-sectional retrospective cohort study, that has been conducted from September to November 2022 in Iraq. People who were previously infected with COVID-19 were included. The study was performed by asking people to complete a questionnaire platform by either online or face-to-face interview. The Memory Assessment Clinic-Q (MAC-Q) test was utilized, scores that are equal or higher than 25 are indicative of memory decline. Thousand two hundred and eighty-seven participated in this study. However, only 1157 were included in the final analysis. Three hundred ninety-nine (34.49%) have memory impairment after COVID-19 recovery. Female gender, older age group, repeated exposure to COVID-19 infections, severe diseases, and exposure to multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants were independent risk factors of memory deficit in post-COVID-19 survivors with a p-value of 0.0001, 0.02, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.0001 respectively. It is crucial to pay particular attention to psychosocial rehabilitation of such risky groups. COVID-19 vaccine administrations with booster shots are necessary steps to decrease the disease incidence and avoid subsequent post-COVID-19 symptoms. CI - (c) 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Merza, Muayad A AU - Merza MA AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Azadi Teaching Hospital, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq. FAU - Almufty, Hind B AU - Almufty HB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3353-8865 AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq. FAU - Younis, Heewa A AU - Younis HA AD - Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq. FAU - Rasool, Suzan O AU - Rasool SO AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq. FAU - Mohammed, Shinah A AU - Mohammed SA AD - Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Aged MH - Prevalence MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Memory Disorders MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Iraq OT - long-term side effects OT - memory impairment OT - recovered patients EDAT- 2023/01/06 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/03 06:00 CRDT- 2023/01/05 06:13 PHST- 2022/12/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/05 06:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jmv.28459 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2023 Feb;95(2):e28459. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28459. PMID- 36595922 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230105 LR - 20230125 IS - 2666-1667 (Electronic) IS - 2666-1667 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Dec 16 TI - Flow cytometric protocol to characterize human memory B cells directed against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antigens. PG - 101902 LID - S2666-1667(22)00782-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101902 [doi] LID - 101902 AB - Memory B cells (MBCs), part of the immune response elicited by infection or vaccination, can persist in lymphoid organs and peripheral blood and are capable of rapid reactivation upon secondary antigen exposure. Here, we describe a flow cytometric assay to identify antigen-specific MBCs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and characterize their isotypes and activation status. We detail steps to use fluorescently labeled antigen probes derived from the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. These can be adapted to detect MBCs against other antigens. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Weskamm et al. (2022).(1). CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Weskamm, Leonie M AU - Weskamm LM AD - Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lubeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: m.weskamm@uke.de. FAU - Dahlke, Christine AU - Dahlke C AD - Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lubeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Addo, Marylyn M AU - Addo MM AD - Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lubeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany; First Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221115 PL - United States TA - STAR Protoc JT - STAR protocols JID - 101769501 RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - Memory B Cells MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9663734 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Flow Cytometry/Mass Cytometry OT - Immunology OT - Microbiology COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/01/04 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/06 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/15 CRDT- 2023/01/03 16:14 PHST- 2022/08/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/03 16:14 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-1667(22)00782-1 [pii] AID - 101902 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101902 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - STAR Protoc. 2022 Dec 16;3(4):101902. doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101902. Epub 2022 Nov 15. PMID- 36591656 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230224 LR - 20230227 IS - 1875-8908 (Electronic) IS - 1387-2877 (Linking) VI - 91 IP - 4 DP - 2023 TI - COVID-19 and Alzheimer's Disease: What Is the Connection? PG - 1273-1276 LID - 10.3233/JAD-220955 [doi] AB - Wang et al. found that elderly COVID-19 patients were at risk of AD. The following facts suggest a possible explanation: reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) and other herpesviruses can occur in SARS-CoV-2 patients; in cell cultures, HSV1 infection causes occurrence of many AD-like features, as does reactivation of latent HSV1 after addition of certain infectious agents; recurrent experimental reactivation of HSV1-infected mice leads to formation of the main features of AD brains, and to cognitive decline. These suggest that COVID-19 results in repeated reactivation of HSV1 in brain, with subsequent accumulation of damage and eventual development of AD. FAU - Itzhaki, Ruth F AU - Itzhaki RF AD - Institute of Population Ageing, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Alzheimers Dis JT - Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD JID - 9814863 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Mice MH - *Alzheimer Disease MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Herpes Simplex MH - *Herpesvirus 1, Human/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Alzheimer's disease OT - COVID-10 OT - herpes simplex virus type 1 OT - infections OT - reactivation OT - vaccinations EDAT- 2023/01/03 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/25 06:00 CRDT- 2023/01/02 05:02 PHST- 2023/01/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/02 05:02 [entrez] AID - JAD220955 [pii] AID - 10.3233/JAD-220955 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;91(4):1273-1276. doi: 10.3233/JAD-220955. PMID- 36591287 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230103 LR - 20230119 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - The BNT162b2 vaccine induces humoral and cellular immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain and the Omicron variant in children 5 to 11 years of age. PG - 1094727 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1094727 [doi] LID - 1094727 AB - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines prevent severe COVID-19 by generating immune memory, comprising specific antibodies and memory B and T cells. Although children are at low risk of severe COVID-19, the spreading of highly transmissible variants has led to increasing in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations also in the youngest, but vaccine coverage remains low. Immunogenicity to mRNA vaccines has not been extensively studied in children 5 to 11 years old. In particular, cellular immunity to the wild-type strain (Wuhan) and the cross-reactive response to the Omicron variant of concern has not been investigated. We assessed the humoral and cellular immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in 27 healthy children. We demonstrated that vaccination induced a potent humoral and cellular immune response in all vaccinees. By using spike-specific memory B cells as a measurable imprint of a previous infection, we found that 50% of the children had signs of a past, undiagnosed infection before vaccination. Children with pre-existent immune memory generated significantly increased levels of specific antibodies, and memory T and B cells, directed against not only the wild type virus but also the omicron variant. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Cinicola, Piano Mortari, Zicari, Agrati, Bordoni, Albano, Fedele, Schiavoni, Leone, Fiore, Capponi, Conti, Petrarca, Stefanelli, Spalice, Midulla, Palamara, Quinti, Locatelli and Carsetti. FAU - Cinicola, Bianca Laura AU - Cinicola BL AD - Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Piano Mortari, E AU - Piano Mortari E AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. AD - B cell unit, Immunology Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Zicari, Anna Maria AU - Zicari AM AD - Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Agrati, Chiara AU - Agrati C AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bordoni, Veronica AU - Bordoni V AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Albano, Christian AU - Albano C AD - B cell unit, Immunology Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fedele, Giorgio AU - Fedele G AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Schiavoni, Ilaria AU - Schiavoni I AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Leone, Pasqualina AU - Leone P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fiore, Stefano AU - Fiore S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Capponi, Martina AU - Capponi M AD - Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Conti, Maria Giulia AU - Conti MG AD - Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Petrarca, Laura AU - Petrarca L AD - Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Stefanelli, Paola AU - Stefanelli P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Spalice, Alberto AU - Spalice A AD - Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Midulla, Fabio AU - Midulla F AD - Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Palamara, Anna Teresa AU - Palamara AT AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Quinti, Isabella AU - Quinti I AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Locatelli, Franco AU - Locatelli F AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. AD - Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - B cell unit, Immunology Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221215 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *Vaccines MH - mRNA Vaccines MH - Antibodies PMC - PMC9797965 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - antigen-specific T cells OT - children OT - immune memory OT - memory B cells OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/03 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/04 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/15 CRDT- 2023/01/02 04:50 PHST- 2022/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/02 04:50 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1094727 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Dec 15;13:1094727. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1094727. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36585293 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230207 LR - 20231106 IS - 1477-2566 (Electronic) IS - 1465-3249 (Print) IS - 1465-3249 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Mar TI - Donor selection for adoptive cell therapy with CD45RA(-) memory T cells for patients with coronavirus disease 2019, and dexamethasone and interleukin-15 effects on the phenotype, proliferation and interferon gamma release. PG - 330-340 LID - S1465-3249(22)01053-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.12.001 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AIMS: We have previously demonstrated the safety and feasibility of adoptive cell therapy with CD45RA(-) memory T cells containing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific T cells for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 from an unvaccinated donor who was chosen based on human leukocyte antigen compatibility and cellular response. In this study, we examined the durability of cellular and humoral immunity within CD45RA(-) memory T cells and the effect of dexamethasone, the current standard of care treatment, and interleukin-15, a cytokine critically involved in T-cell maintenance and survival. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal analysis from previously severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-infected and infection-naive individuals covering 21 months from infection and 10 months after full vaccination with the BNT162b2 Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. RESULTS: We observed that cellular responses are maintained over time. Humoral responses increased after vaccination but were gradually lost. In addition, dexamethasone did not alter cell functionality or proliferation of CD45RA(-) T cells, and interleukin-15 increased the memory T-cell activation state, regulatory T cell expression, and interferon gamma release. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the best donors for adoptive cell therapy would be recovered individuals and 2 months after vaccination, although further studies with larger cohorts would be needed to confirm this finding. Dexamethasone did not affect the characteristics of the memory T cells at a concentration used in the clinical practice and IL-15 showed a positive effect on SARS-CoV-2-specific CD45RA(-) T cells. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Al-Akioui-Sanz, Karima AU - Al-Akioui-Sanz K AD - IdiPAZ, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Pascual-Miguel, Barbara AU - Pascual-Miguel B AD - IdiPAZ, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Diaz-Almiron, Mariana AU - Diaz-Almiron M AD - Biostatistics Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Mestre-Duran, Carmen AU - Mestre-Duran C AD - IdiPAZ, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Navarro-Zapata, Alfonso AU - Navarro-Zapata A AD - IdiPAZ, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Clares-Villa, Laura AU - Clares-Villa L AD - IdiPAZ, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martin-Cortazar, Carla AU - Martin-Cortazar C AD - IdiPAZ, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Vicario, Jose Luis AU - Vicario JL AD - Histocompatibility Unit, Transfusion Center of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Moreno, Miguel Angel AU - Moreno MA AD - Histocompatibility Unit, Transfusion Center of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Balas, Antonio AU - Balas A AD - Histocompatibility Unit, Transfusion Center of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - De Paz, Raquel AU - De Paz R AD - Cell Therapy Unit, Hematology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Minguillon, Jordi AU - Minguillon J AD - IdiPAZ, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Perez-Martinez, Antonio AU - Perez-Martinez A AD - IdiPAZ, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Hemato-oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Medicine Autonomous, University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Ferreras, Cristina AU - Ferreras C AD - IdiPAZ, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: cristina.ferreras@salud.madrid.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221212 PL - England TA - Cytotherapy JT - Cytotherapy JID - 100895309 RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) RN - 0 (Interleukin-15) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - EC 3.1.3.48 (Leukocyte Common Antigens) RN - 7S5I7G3JQL (Dexamethasone) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Interferon-gamma/metabolism MH - Interleukin-15 MH - Memory T Cells MH - Donor Selection MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/therapy MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - COVID-19 Drug Treatment MH - Leukocyte Common Antigens/metabolism MH - Phenotype MH - Dexamethasone/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Cell Proliferation MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9742221 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD45RA(-) memory T cells OT - COVID-19 treatment OT - cellular immunity OT - humoral immunity COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest AP-M and CF filed patent EP20382850 on Memory T cells as adoptive cell therapy for viral diseases. All other authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2022/12/31 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/08 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/12 CRDT- 2022/12/30 21:54 PHST- 2022/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/30 21:54 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1465-3249(22)01053-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.12.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cytotherapy. 2023 Mar;25(3):330-340. doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.12.001. Epub 2022 Dec 12. PMID- 36570463 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231103 IS - 1664-2295 (Print) IS - 1664-2295 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2295 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Investigating neurological symptoms of infectious diseases like COVID-19 leading to a deeper understanding of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease. PG - 968193 LID - 10.3389/fneur.2022.968193 [doi] LID - 968193 AB - Apart from common respiratory symptoms, neurological symptoms are prevalent among patients with COVID-19. Research has shown that infection with SARS-CoV-2 accelerated alpha-synuclein aggregation, induced Lewy-body-like pathology, caused dopaminergic neuron senescence, and worsened symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection can induce neuroinflammation and facilitate subsequent neurodegeneration in long COVID, and increase individual vulnerability to PD or parkinsonism. These findings suggest that a post-COVID-19 parkinsonism might follow the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to prevent a possible post-COVID-19 parkinsonism, this paper reviewed neurological symptoms and related findings of COVID-19 and related infectious diseases (influenza and prion disease) and neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, PD and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), and discussed potential mechanisms underlying the neurological symptoms and the relationship between the infectious diseases and the neurodegenerative disorders, as well as the therapeutic and preventive implications in the neurodegenerative disorders. Infections with a relay of microbes (SARS-CoV-2, influenza A viruses, gut bacteria, etc.) and prion-like alpha-synuclein proteins over time may synergize to induce PD. Therefore, a systematic approach that targets these pathogens and the pathogen-induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration may provide cures for neurodegenerative disorders. Further, antiviral/antimicrobial drugs, vaccines, immunotherapies and new therapies (e.g., stem cell therapy) need to work together to treat, manage or prevent these disorders. As medical science and technology advances, it is anticipated that better vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 variants, new antiviral/antimicrobial drugs, effective immunotherapies (alpha-synuclein antibodies, vaccines for PD or parkinsonism, etc.), as well as new therapies will be developed and made available in the near future, which will help prevent a possible post-COVID-19 parkinsonism in the 21st century. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Zhang. FAU - Zhang, Jing AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221207 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurol JT - Frontiers in neurology JID - 101546899 PMC - PMC9768197 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Parkinson's disease OT - neurodegenerative disorders OT - neurological symptoms OT - post-COVID-19 parkinsonism management and prevention COIS- The author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/27 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/07 CRDT- 2022/12/26 04:34 PHST- 2022/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/26 04:34 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fneur.2022.968193 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurol. 2022 Dec 7;13:968193. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.968193. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36565508 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230213 LR - 20240912 IS - 1879-0372 (Electronic) IS - 0952-7915 (Print) IS - 0952-7915 (Linking) VI - 80 DP - 2023 Feb TI - Lung tissue-resident memory T cells: the gatekeeper to respiratory viral (re)-infection. PG - 102278 LID - S0952-7915(22)00125-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102278 [doi] AB - The discovery of lung tissue-resident memory T (T(RM)) cells and the elucidation of their function in antiviral immunity have inspired considerable efforts to leverage the power of T(RM) cells, in defense to the infections and reinfections by respiratory viruses. Here, we have reviewed lung T(RM) cell identification, molecular regulation, and function after influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Furthermore, we have discussed emerging data on T(RM) responses induced by systemic and mucosal vaccination strategies. We hope that our current outstanding of T(RM) cells in this review could provide insights toward the development of vaccines capable of inducing highly efficacious mucosal T(RM) responses for protection against respiratory viral infections. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Tang, Jinyi AU - Tang J AD - Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. FAU - Sun, Jie AU - Sun J AD - Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: js6re@virginia.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 AG069264/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI112844/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI147394/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI154598/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20221222 PL - England TA - Curr Opin Immunol JT - Current opinion in immunology JID - 8900118 RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Reinfection MH - Memory T Cells MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Lung MH - *Influenza Vaccines MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes PMC - PMC9911367 MID - NIHMS1860553 COIS- Conflict of interest statement J.S. is a consultant for the Teneofour company, which does not directly involve with this work. EDAT- 2022/12/25 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/14 06:00 PMCR- 2024/02/01 CRDT- 2022/12/24 18:08 PHST- 2022/10/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/24 18:08 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0952-7915(22)00125-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102278 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Immunol. 2023 Feb;80:102278. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102278. Epub 2022 Dec 22. PMID- 36562048 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221224 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - COVID-19 vaccination motivation and underlying believing processes: A comparison study between individuals with affective disorder and healthy controls. PG - 935278 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.935278 [doi] LID - 935278 AB - BACKGROUND: Believing processes represent fundamental brain functions between cognition and emotion. Shortly before the introduction of a compulsory vaccination against COVID-19 in Austria, motives and underlying believing processes regarding the vaccination were collected in individuals with affective disorder (AD) and healthy controls (HC). METHODS: 79 individuals with AD and 173 HC were surveyed online to assess believing processes with the parameters of the credition model (narratives, certainty, emotion, mightiness) about (1) the coronavirus itself and (2) why someone is vaccinated or not. In addition, we calculated congruence scores between content of narrative and type of emotion and divided the narrative content into positive, negative, and indifferent. RESULTS: There were no differences in vaccination status between AD and HC. Higher levels of certainty were observed in HC compared to AD in both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. The effects were higher when asked about the motivation to vaccinate or not than about the coronavirus itself. In HC, more positive emotions and more congruence between emotions and narratives were reported during believing in their vaccination motives. No group differences were found in mightiness for both items. Independently from diagnosis, unvaccinated people had high levels of certainty and more negative emotions and narratives while believing in their motives for not getting vaccinated. CONCLUSION: When believing about the COVID-19 vaccination, individuals with AD were more uncertain and experienced fewer positive emotions than HC, although both groups did not differ in vaccination status. These effects were not that strong when believing about the coronavirus in general. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Dalkner, Fleischmann, Fellendorf, Wagner-Skacel, Schonthaler, Bengesser, Haussl, Tietz, Tmava-Berisha, Lenger and Reininghaus. FAU - Dalkner, Nina AU - Dalkner N AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Fleischmann, Eva AU - Fleischmann E AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Fellendorf, Frederike T AU - Fellendorf FT AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Wagner-Skacel, Jolana AU - Wagner-Skacel J AD - Clinical Department of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic, and Psychotherapy, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Schonthaler, Elena M D AU - Schonthaler EMD AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Bengesser, Susanne AU - Bengesser S AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Haussl, Alfred AU - Haussl A AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Tietz, Sophie AU - Tietz S AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Tmava-Berisha, Adelina AU - Tmava-Berisha A AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Lenger, Melanie AU - Lenger M AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Reininghaus, Eva Z AU - Reininghaus EZ AD - Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221206 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC9765308 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - affective disorder OT - cognition OT - credition OT - emotion COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/06 CRDT- 2022/12/23 02:42 PHST- 2022/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/23 02:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.935278 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2022 Dec 6;13:935278. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.935278. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36560556 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221225 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 14 TI - Heterologous Booster Dose with CORBEVAX following Primary Vaccination with COVISHIELD Enhances Protection against SARS-CoV-2. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10122146 [doi] LID - 2146 AB - Despite effective vaccination programs, waning immunity in the vaccinated populations and the emergence of variants of concern posed a risk of breakthrough infections. A booster dose was demonstrated to provide substantially increased protection against symptomatic disease and hospitalization. We aimed to evaluate immune memory and the efficacy of reducing the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection post heterologous booster with CORBEVAX after primary vaccination with two doses of COVISHIELD. SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 spike IgG and RBD-specific antibody responses were elicited with both booster vaccines, with a greater response in individuals receiving heterologous booster. T and B memory responses were increased with booster dose, whereas B memory needed a longer duration to develop in individuals who received a homologous booster (90 days) in comparison to a heterologous booster (30 days). RBD-specific B memory and antibody-secreting (non-memory) B lymphocytes were enhanced with both boosters; however, the duration of response was longer with the heterologous booster compared to the homologous, indicating greater protection with the heterologous booster. The rate of infection 14 days after administration of the heterologous booster was comparatively lower than that of the homologous booster, with the symptoms being much less or asymptomatic. FAU - Jaggaiahgari, Shashidhar AU - Jaggaiahgari S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7318-3942 AD - Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad 500032, India. FAU - Munigela, Apoorva AU - Munigela A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad 500032, India. FAU - Mitnala, Sasikala AU - Mitnala S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3785-0530 AD - Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad 500032, India. FAU - Gujjarlapudi, Deepika AU - Gujjarlapudi D AD - Department of Biochemistry, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad 500032, India. FAU - Simhadri, Venu AU - Simhadri V AD - Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad 500032, India. FAU - D, Nageshwar Reddy AU - D NR AD - Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad 500032, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221214 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9781398 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Corbevax OT - Covishield OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody response OT - booster dose OT - memory cells COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/14 CRDT- 2022/12/23 02:05 PHST- 2022/09/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/23 02:05 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10122146 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-02146 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10122146 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Dec 14;10(12):2146. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10122146. PMID- 36560442 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231106 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Nov 28 TI - COVID-19 Vaccination in Young People with Functional Neurological Disorder: A Case-Control Study. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10122031 [doi] LID - 2031 AB - BACKGROUND: The emergence of acute-onset functional neurological symptoms, the focus of this study, is one of three stress responses related to immunisation. This case-control study documents the experience of 61 young people with past or current functional neurological disorder (FND) in relation to the COVID-19 vaccination program in Australia. METHODS: Information about the young person's/parent's choice and response pertaining to COVID-19 vaccination was collected as part of routine clinical care or FND research program follow-up. RESULTS: 61 young people treated for FND (47 females, mean age = 16.22 years) and 46 healthy controls (34 females, mean age = 16.37 years) were included in the study. Vaccination rates were high: 58/61 (95.1%) in the FND group and 45/46 (97.8%) in the control group. In the FND group, 2 young people (2/61, 3.3%) presented with new-onset FND following COVID-19 vaccination; two young people with resolved FND reported an FND relapse (2/36, 5.56%); and two young people with unresolved FND (2/20, 10.0%) reported an FND exacerbation. In the control group no FND symptoms were reported. CONCLUSIONS: Acute-onset FND symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination are uncommon in the general population. In young people prone to FND, COVID-19 vaccination can sometimes trigger new-onset FND, FND relapse, or FND exacerbation. FAU - Lim, Natalie AU - Lim N AD - Department of Psychological Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. FAU - Wood, Nicholas AU - Wood N AD - National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. AD - The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. FAU - Prasad, Archana AU - Prasad A AD - Department of General Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. FAU - Waters, Karen AU - Waters K AD - Sleep Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. AD - Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. FAU - Singh-Grewal, Davinder AU - Singh-Grewal D AD - Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. AD - Department of Rheumatology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. AD - School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. FAU - Dale, Russell C AU - Dale RC AD - Kids Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. AD - The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. FAU - Elkadi, Joseph AU - Elkadi J AD - Department of Psychological Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. FAU - Scher, Stephen AU - Scher S AD - McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. AD - Speciality of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. FAU - Kozlowska, Kasia AU - Kozlowska K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9578-0753 AD - Department of Psychological Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. AD - The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. AD - Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. AD - Brain Dynamics Centre at Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221128 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9782633 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccines OT - adolescents OT - children OT - dissociative neurological symptom reactions (DNSRs) OT - functional (dissociative) seizures OT - functional neurological (conversion) disorder (FND) OT - immunisation stress-related responses (ISRRs) OT - young people COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/28 CRDT- 2022/12/23 02:04 PHST- 2022/10/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/23 02:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10122031 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-02031 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10122031 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Nov 28;10(12):2031. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10122031. PMID- 36558835 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221226 IS - 2076-0817 (Print) IS - 2076-0817 (Electronic) IS - 2076-0817 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 8 TI - Approximations to Diagnosis and Therapy of COVID-19 in Nervous Systems Using Extracellular Vesicles. LID - 10.3390/pathogens11121501 [doi] LID - 1501 AB - The SARS-CoV-2 virus was first identified at the end of December 2019, causing the disease known as COVID-19, which, due to the high degree of contagion, was declared a global pandemic as of 2020. The end of the isolation was in 2022, thanks to the global multidisciplinary work of the massive vaccination campaigns. Even with the current knowledge about this virus and the COVID-19 disease, there are many questions and challenges regarding diagnosis and therapy in the fight against this virus. One of the big problems is the so-called "long COVID", prolonged symptomatology characterized as a multiorgan disorder manifested as brain fog, fatigue, and shortness of breath, which persist chronically after the disease resolution. Therefore, this review proposes using extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a therapeutic or diagnostic option to confront the sequelae of the disease at the central nervous system level. Development: the review of updated knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 is generally addressed as well as the current classification of extracellular vesicles and their proposed use in therapy and diagnosis. Through an analysis of examples, extracellular vesicles are highlighted to learn what happens in the central nervous system during and after COVID-19 and as a therapeutic option. Conclusions: even though there are limitations in the knowledge of the neurological manifestations of COVID-19, it is possible to observe the potential use of extracellular vesicles in therapy or as a diagnostic method and even the importance of their study for the knowledge of the pathophysiology of the disease. FAU - Rojas, Karen AU - Rojas K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6615-6310 AD - Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), Av. Normalistas 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Verdugo-Molinares, Maritza G AU - Verdugo-Molinares MG AD - Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), Av. Normalistas 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Ochoa-Ruiz, Andrea G AU - Ochoa-Ruiz AG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9873-6144 AD - Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), Av. Normalistas 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Canales, Alejandro AU - Canales A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0918-788X AD - Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), Av. Normalistas 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Reza-Zaldivar, Edwin E AU - Reza-Zaldivar EE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5702-9515 AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Limon-Rojas, Areli AU - Limon-Rojas A AD - Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), Av. Normalistas 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Vallejo-Cardona, Alba Adriana AU - Vallejo-Cardona AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4568-3787 AD - Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, CONACYT-Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221208 PL - Switzerland TA - Pathogens JT - Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101596317 PMC - PMC9782638 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - diagnostic OT - extracellular vesicles (EVs) OT - therapy COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/08 CRDT- 2022/12/23 01:55 PHST- 2022/10/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/23 01:55 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pathogens11121501 [pii] AID - pathogens-11-01501 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pathogens11121501 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pathogens. 2022 Dec 8;11(12):1501. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11121501. PMID- 36556422 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221227 IS - 2075-1729 (Print) IS - 2075-1729 (Electronic) IS - 2075-1729 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 8 TI - Effect of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 on Long COVID-19: A Narrative Review. LID - 10.3390/life12122057 [doi] LID - 2057 AB - Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have saved millions of lives and played an important role in containing the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is also associated with reduced disease severity and, perhaps, with COVID-19 symptom burden. In this narrative review, we present, in a clinically relevant question-and-answer manner, the evidence regarding the association between vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and long COVID-19. We discuss how the mechanism of action of vaccines could interplay with the pathophysiology of post-COVID-19 condition. Furthermore, we describe how specific factors, such as the number of vaccine doses and the type of SARS-CoV-2 variants, may affect post-COVID-19 condition. We also discuss the role of timing for vaccination in relation to the onset of long COVID-19 symptoms, as it seems to affect the frequency and severity of the condition. Additionally, we describe the potential modifying effect of age, as well as the association of type and level of immune response with long COVID-19. We also describe how system-specific long COVID-19 sequelae, namely neurocognitive-psychologic symptoms and cardiovascular pathology, could be altered by vaccination. Last, we address the question of whether seasonal influenza vaccination has a meaningful impact on the frequency of long COVID-19. FAU - Tofarides, Andreas G AU - Tofarides AG AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia 2029, Cyprus. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece. FAU - Christaki, Eirini AU - Christaki E AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece. FAU - Milionis, Haralampos AU - Milionis H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3958-2266 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece. FAU - Nikolopoulos, Georgios K AU - Nikolopoulos GK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3307-0246 AD - Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2029, Cyprus. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221208 PL - Switzerland TA - Life (Basel) JT - Life (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101580444 PMC - PMC9785763 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccines OT - immunity OT - long COVID-19 OT - post-COVID-19 condition OT - post-COVID-19 sequelae OT - variant COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/08 CRDT- 2022/12/23 01:40 PHST- 2022/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/23 01:40 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - life12122057 [pii] AID - life-12-02057 [pii] AID - 10.3390/life12122057 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Life (Basel). 2022 Dec 8;12(12):2057. doi: 10.3390/life12122057. PMID- 36552017 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231106 IS - 2227-9059 (Print) IS - 2227-9059 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9059 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 15 TI - Fourth Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Transiently Reactivates Spike-Specific Immunological Memory in People Living with HIV (PLWH). LID - 10.3390/biomedicines10123261 [doi] LID - 3261 AB - Background: People Living With HIV (PLWH), with advanced disease, lower CD4+ T cell counts or an unsuppressed HIV viral load can have a suboptimal vaccine response. For this reason, in the current COVID-19 pandemic, they represent a prioritized population for the SARS-CoV-2 fourth (or second booster) vaccine dose. This work aims to investigate the effects of a second booster on the reactivation of the spike-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in PLWH. Methods: A total of eight PLWH, who received a fourth dose of the original mRNA vaccines were enrolled. They were evaluated before and then 7 days, 1 month and 2 months after the injection. The humoral response was assessed via a chemiluminescent immunoassay. Immunophenotyping and the functional evaluation of the SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immune responses were performed via flow cytometry. Results: Anti-spike IgG levels were above the cut-off value for all subjects at all timepoints. The spike-specific CD4+ T cell response was reactivated one week after the fourth vaccine dose, and on average declined at two months post-vaccination. A similar trend was observed for the spike-specific B cells. A low percentage of spike-specific CD4+ T cells was activated by the B.1.1.529 BA.1 Omicron-spike mutated peptides, and the majority of these cells were reactive to the conserved portions of the spike protein. Similarly, the majority of the spike-specific memory B cells were able to bind both Wuhan and Omicron-spike entire protein. Conclusions: Spike-specific adaptive immune responses are transiently reactivated in PLWH following the fourth mRNA vaccine dose. The breadth of the immune responses to the mutated spike protein provides insight on the possible cross-reactivity for the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). FAU - Lamacchia, Giulia AU - Lamacchia G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5011-9972 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. FAU - Salvati, Lorenzo AU - Salvati L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5831-0392 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. FAU - Kiros, Seble Tekle AU - Kiros ST AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Mazzoni, Alessio AU - Mazzoni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. AD - Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Vanni, Anna AU - Vanni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. FAU - Capone, Manuela AU - Capone M AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. AD - Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Carnasciali, Alberto AU - Carnasciali A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1142-6755 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. FAU - Farahvachi, Parham AU - Farahvachi P AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. FAU - Lagi, Filippo AU - Lagi F AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Di Lauria, Nicoletta AU - Di Lauria N AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Rocca, Arianna AU - Rocca A AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Colao, Maria Grazia AU - Colao MG AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Liotta, Francesco AU - Liotta F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1746-9967 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. AD - Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. AD - Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Cosmi, Lorenzo AU - Cosmi L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8150-8177 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. AD - Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Rossolini, Gian Maria AU - Rossolini GM AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Bartoloni, Alessandro AU - Bartoloni A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9758-1523 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. FAU - Maggi, Laura AU - Maggi L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2862-9591 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. FAU - Annunziato, Francesco AU - Annunziato F AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy. AD - Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy. LA - eng GR - RICTD2122/University of Florence/ GR - TagSARS CoV 2/Tuscany Region/ GR - Project Excellence Departments 2018-2022/Ministry of Education, Universities and Research/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221215 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomedicines JT - Biomedicines JID - 101691304 PMC - PMC9775459 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell response OT - HIV OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell response OT - fourth dose OT - humoral response OT - mRNA vaccine OT - people living with HIV COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/15 CRDT- 2022/12/23 01:13 PHST- 2022/10/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/23 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biomedicines10123261 [pii] AID - biomedicines-10-03261 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biomedicines10123261 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomedicines. 2022 Dec 15;10(12):3261. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10123261. PMID- 36550578 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221226 LR - 20260127 IS - 1743-422X (Electronic) IS - 1743-422X (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec 22 TI - Adaptive immune responses and cytokine immune profiles in humans following prime and boost vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 CoronaVac vaccine. PG - 223 LID - 10.1186/s12985-022-01957-1 [doi] LID - 223 AB - BACKGROUND: Adaptive immune response has been thought to play a key role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The role of B cells, CD4(+)T, and CD8(+)T cells are different in vaccine-induced immune response, thus it is imperative to explore the functions and kinetics of adaptive immune response. We collected blood samples from unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals. To assess the mechanisms contributing to protective immunity of CoronaVac vaccines, we mapped the kinetics and durability of humoral and cellular immune responses after primary and boost vaccination with CoronaVac vaccine in different timepoints. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We separate PBMC and plasma from blood samples. The differentiation and function of RBD-spcific CD4(+)T and CD8(+)T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and ELISA. Antibodies response was analyzed by ELISA. ELISPOT analysis was perfomed to detected the RBD-spcific memory B cells. CBA analysis was performed to detected the cytokine immune profiles. Graphpad prism 8 and Origin 2021 were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Vaccine-induced CD4(+)T cell responses to RBD were more prominent than CD8(+)T cell responses, and characterized by a predominant Th1 and weak Th17 helper response. CoronaVac vaccine triggered predominant IgG1 antibody response and effectively recalled specific antibodies to RBD protein after booster vaccination. Robust antigen-specific memory B cells were detected (p < 0.0001) following booster vaccination and maintained at 6 months (p < 0.0001) following primary vaccination. Vaccine-induced CD4(+)T cells correlated with CD8(+)T cells (r = 0.7147, 0.3258, p < 0.0001, p = 0.04), memory B cell responses (r = 0.7083, p < 0.0001), and IgG and IgA (r = 0.6168, 0.5519, p = 0.0006, 0.003) after vaccination. In addition, vaccine induced a broader and complex cytokine pattern in plasma at early stage. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results highlight the potential role of B cell and T cell responses in vaccine-induced long-term immunity. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Wang, Chan AU - Wang C AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yang, Songhao AU - Yang S AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Duan, Liangwei AU - Duan L AD - Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China. FAU - Du, Xiancai AU - Du X AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Tao, Jia AU - Tao J AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Yana AU - Wang Y AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yang, Jihui AU - Yang J AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Center of Scientific Technology of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Lv, Yongxue AU - Lv Y AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Junliang AU - Li J AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Cuiying AU - Zhang C AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wen, Jia AU - Wen J AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhu, Yazhou AU - Zhu Y AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Chang, Liangliang AU - Chang L AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Hui AU - Wang H AD - Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China. FAU - Wang, Qi AU - Wang Q AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. wqmam@126.com. FAU - Zhao, Wei AU - Zhao W AD - School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. Weizhao@nxmu.edu.cn. AD - Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. Weizhao@nxmu.edu.cn. AD - Center of Scientific Technology of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. Weizhao@nxmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221222 PL - England TA - Virol J JT - Virology journal JID - 101231645 RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (sinovac COVID-19 vaccine) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Vaccination MH - Cytokines MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay MH - Immunity MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Vaccines, Inactivated MH - COVID-19 Vaccines PMC - PMC9774075 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4+T cells OT - CD8+T cells OT - Inactivated vaccine OT - Memory B cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/12/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/27 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/22 CRDT- 2022/12/22 23:58 PHST- 2022/10/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/22 23:58 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12985-022-01957-1 [pii] AID - 1957 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12985-022-01957-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Virol J. 2022 Dec 22;19(1):223. doi: 10.1186/s12985-022-01957-1. PMID- 36544780 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221223 LR - 20261001 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - High titre neutralizing antibodies in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection require RBD-specific CD4 T cells that include proliferative memory cells. PG - 1032911 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032911 [doi] LID - 1032911 AB - BACKGROUND: Long-term immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection, including neutralizing antibodies and T cell-mediated immunity, is required in a very large majority of the population in order to reduce ongoing disease burden. METHODS: We have investigated the association between memory CD4 and CD8 T cells and levels of neutralizing antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 subjects. FINDINGS: Higher titres of convalescent neutralizing antibodies were associated with significantly higher levels of RBD-specific CD4 T cells, including specific memory cells that proliferated vigorously in vitro. Conversely, up to half of convalescent individuals had low neutralizing antibody titres together with a lack of receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific memory CD4 T cells. These low antibody subjects had other, non-RBD, spike-specific CD4 T cells, but with more of an inhibitory Foxp3+ and CTLA-4+ cell phenotype, in contrast to the effector T-bet+, cytotoxic granzymes+ and perforin+ cells seen in RBD-specific memory CD4 T cells from high antibody subjects. Single cell transcriptomics of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells from high antibody subjects similarly revealed heterogenous RBD-specific CD4+ T cells that comprised central memory, transitional memory and Tregs, as well as cytotoxic clusters containing diverse TCR repertoires, in individuals with high antibody levels. However, vaccination of low antibody convalescent individuals led to a slight but significant improvement in RBD-specific memory CD4 T cells and increased neutralizing antibody titres. INTERPRETATION: Our results suggest that targeting CD4 T cell epitopes proximal to and within the RBD-region should be prioritized in booster vaccines. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Phetsouphanh, Khoo, Jackson, Klemm, Howe, Aggarwal, Akerman, Milogiannakis, Stella, Rouet, Schofield, Faulks, Law, Danwilai, Starr, Munier, Christ, Singh, Croucher, Brilot-Turville, Turville, Phan, Dore, Darley, Cunningham, Matthews, Kelleher and Zaunders. FAU - Phetsouphanh, Chansavath AU - Phetsouphanh C AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Khoo, Weng Hua AU - Khoo WH AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Jackson, Katherine AU - Jackson K AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Klemm, Vera AU - Klemm V AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Howe, Annett AU - Howe A AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Aggarwal, Anupriya AU - Aggarwal A AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Akerman, Anouschka AU - Akerman A AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Milogiannakis, Vanessa AU - Milogiannakis V AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Stella, Alberto Ospina AU - Stella AO AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Rouet, Romain AU - Rouet R AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Schofield, Peter AU - Schofield P AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Faulks, Megan L AU - Faulks ML AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Law, Hannah AU - Law H AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Danwilai, Thidarat AU - Danwilai T AD - NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Starr, Mitchell AU - Starr M AD - NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Munier, C Mee Ling AU - Munier CML AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Christ, Daniel AU - Christ D AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Singh, Mandeep AU - Singh M AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Croucher, Peter I AU - Croucher PI AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Brilot-Turville, Fabienne AU - Brilot-Turville F AD - Brain and Mind Centre, Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Turville, Stuart AU - Turville S AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Phan, Tri Giang AU - Phan TG AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Dore, Gregory J AU - Dore GJ AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Darley, David AU - Darley D AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Cunningham, Philip AU - Cunningham P AD - NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Matthews, Gail V AU - Matthews GV AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Kelleher, Anthony D AU - Kelleher AD AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Department of Immunology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Zaunders, John J AU - Zaunders JJ AD - NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. LA - eng SI - ANZCTR/ACTRN12620000554965 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221205 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte PMC - PMC9762180 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4 T cells OT - CD4 function OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - proliferation COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/05 CRDT- 2022/12/22 02:22 PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/22 02:22 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032911 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Dec 5;13:1032911. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032911. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36541822 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230306 LR - 20260127 IS - 1398-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0105-4538 (Print) IS - 0105-4538 (Linking) VI - 78 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Mar TI - The second COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose enhances the capacity of Spike-specific memory B cells to bind Omicron BA.2. PG - 855-858 LID - 10.1111/all.15624 [doi] FAU - Hartley, Gemma E AU - Hartley GE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3174-231X AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Edwards, Emily S J AU - Edwards ESJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0240-4370 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Varese, Nirupama AU - Varese N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9074-3710 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Boo, Irene AU - Boo I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0923-0972 AD - Viral Entry and Vaccines Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Aui, Pei M AU - Aui PM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2314-9989 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Bornheimer, Scott J AU - Bornheimer SJ AD - BD Biosciences, San Jose, California, USA. FAU - Hogarth, P Mark AU - Hogarth PM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0360-7890 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Drummer, Heidi E AU - Drummer HE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0042-6277 AD - Viral Entry and Vaccines Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. FAU - O'Hehir, Robyn E AU - O'Hehir RE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3489-7595 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - van Zelm, Menno C AU - van Zelm MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4161-1919 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. LA - eng PT - Letter PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221230 PL - Denmark TA - Allergy JT - Allergy JID - 7804028 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Memory B Cells MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9877979 COIS- MCvZ, REO'H, and PMH are inventors on a patent application related to this work. SJB is an employee of and owns stock in BD Biosciences. All the other authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/22 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/07 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/30 CRDT- 2022/12/21 09:22 PHST- 2022/11/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/21 09:22 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ALL15624 [pii] AID - 10.1111/all.15624 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Allergy. 2023 Mar;78(3):855-858. doi: 10.1111/all.15624. Epub 2022 Dec 30. PMID- 36538327 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221222 LR - 20260127 IS - 2574-3805 (Electronic) IS - 2574-3805 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 1 TI - Cross-Clade Memory Immunity in Adults Following SARS-CoV-1 Infection in 2003. PG - e2247723 LID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47723 [doi] LID - e2247723 AB - IMPORTANCE: Knowledge of the longevity and breath of immune response to coronavirus infection is crucial for the development of next-generation vaccines to control the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVES: To determine the profile of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among persons infected with the closely related virus, SARS-CoV-1, in 2003 (SARS03 survivors) and to characterize their antibody response soon after the first and second doses of COVID-19 vaccines. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective cohort study examined SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among SARS03 survivors compared with sex- and age-matched infection-naive controls. Participants received the COVID-19 vaccines between March 1 and September 30, 2021. INTERVENTIONS: One of the 2 COVID-19 vaccines (inactivated [CoronaVac] or messenger RNA [BNT162b2]) available in Hong Kong. Two doses were given according to the recommended schedule. The vaccine type administered was known to both participants and observers. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were measured prevaccination, 7 days after the first dose, and 14 days after the second dose. RESULTS: Eighteen SARS03 adult survivors (15 women and 3 men; median age, 46.5 [IQR, 40.0-54.3] years) underwent prevaccination serologic examination. The vast majority retained a detectable level of antibodies that cross-reacted with SARS-CoV-2 (16 of 18 [88.9%] with nucleocapsid protein antibodies and 17 of 18 [94.4%] with receptor-binding domain of spike protein antibodies); a substantial proportion (11 of 18 [61.1%]) had detectable cross-neutralizing antibodies. Twelve SARS03 adult survivors (10 women and 2 men) underwent postvaccination serologic examination. At 7 days after the first dose of vaccine, SARS03 survivors mounted significantly higher levels of neutralizing antibodies compared with controls (median inhibition: 89.5% [IQR, 77.1%-93.7%] vs 13.9% [IQR, 11.8%-16.1%] for BNT162b2; 64.9% [IQR, 60.8%-69.5%] vs 13.4% [IQR, 9.5%-16.8%] for CoronaVac; P < .001 for both). At 14 days after the second dose, SARS03 survivors generated a broader antibody response with significantly higher levels of neutralizing antibodies against variants of concern compared with controls (eg, median inhibition against Omicron variant, 52.1% [IQR, 35.8%-66.0%] vs 14.7% [IQR, 2.5%-20.7%]; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The findings of this prospective cohort study suggest that infection with SARS-CoV-1 was associated with detectable levels of antibodies that cross-react and cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-2, which belongs to a distinct clade under the same subgenus Sarbecovirus. These findings support the development of broadly protective vaccines to cover sarbecoviruses that caused 2 devastating zoonotic outbreaks in humans over the last 2 decades. FAU - Ng, Rita W Y AU - Ng RWY AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Boon, Siaw S AU - Boon SS AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Chen, Zigui AU - Chen Z AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Ho, Wendy C S AU - Ho WCS AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Fung, Kitty S C AU - Fung KSC AD - Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong. FAU - Wong, Barry K C AU - Wong BKC AD - Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong. FAU - Yeung, Apple C M AU - Yeung ACM AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Wong, Martin C S AU - Wong MCS AD - JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Chan, Paul K S AU - Chan PKS AD - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. AD - Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faulty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221201 PL - United States TA - JAMA Netw Open JT - JAMA network open JID - 101729235 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (sinovac COVID-19 vaccine) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Male MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19 MH - Pandemics MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Vaccines, Inactivated PMC - PMC9856533 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported. EDAT- 2022/12/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/23 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/20 CRDT- 2022/12/20 11:33 PHST- 2022/12/20 11:33 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2799725 [pii] AID - zoi221351 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47723 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Dec 1;5(12):e2247723. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47723. PMID- 36535135 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230117 LR - 20240912 IS - 1876-035X (Electronic) IS - 1876-0341 (Print) IS - 1876-0341 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb TI - Neurological Manifestations of hospitalized patients with mild to moderate infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Shanghai, China. PG - 155-162 LID - S1876-0341(22)00345-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.12.005 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Accumulating studies demonstrated that patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) could develop a variety of neurological manifestations and long-term neurological sequelae, which may be different from the strains. At the peak of the Omicron variant outbreak in Shanghai, China, no relevant epidemiological data about neurological manifestations associated with this strain was reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate neurological manifestations and related clinical features in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 patients with Omicron variant. METHODS: A self-designed clinical information registration form was used to gather the neurological manifestations of mild to moderate COVID-19 patients admitted to a designated hospital in Shanghai from April 18, 2022 to June 1, 2022. Demographics, clinical presentations, laboratory findings, treatments and clinical outcomes were compared between patients with and without neurological manifestations. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-nine(48.1 %) of 351 patients diagnosed with mild to moderate COVID-19 exhibited neurological manifestations, the most common of which were fatigue/weakness(25.1 %) and myalgia(20.7 %), whereas acute cerebrovascular disease(0.9 %), impaired consciousness(0.6 %) and seizure(0.6 %) were rare. Younger age(p = 0.001), female gender(p = 0.026) and without anticoagulant medication(p = 0.042) were associated with increasing proportions of neurological manifestations as revealed by multivariate logistic regressions. Patients with neurological manifestations had lower creatine kinase and myoglobin levels, as well as higher proportion of patchy shadowing on chest scan. Vaccination status, clinical classification of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly half of the involved patients have neurological manifestations which were relatively subjective and closely associated with younger age, female gender and without anticoagulation. Patients with neurologic manifestations may be accompanied by increased lung patchy shadowing. CI - Copyright (c) 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Shen, Xiaolei AU - Shen X AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. FAU - Wang, Ping AU - Wang P AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. FAU - Shen, Jun AU - Shen J AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. FAU - Jiang, Yuhan AU - Jiang Y AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. FAU - Wu, Li AU - Wu L AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. FAU - Nie, Xin AU - Nie X AD - Biostatistics Office of Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. FAU - Liu, Jianren AU - Liu J AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. Electronic address: liujr021@vip.163.com. FAU - Chen, Wei AU - Chen W AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. Electronic address: david_chen8106@hotmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221207 PL - England TA - J Infect Public Health JT - Journal of infection and public health JID - 101487384 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - China/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Patients PMC - PMC9726211 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Neurological manifestations OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Subjective symptoms COIS- Conflict of Interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/20 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/07 CRDT- 2022/12/19 18:20 PHST- 2022/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/19 18:20 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1876-0341(22)00345-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.12.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Public Health. 2023 Feb;16(2):155-162. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.12.005. Epub 2022 Dec 7. PMID- 36528446 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230619 LR - 20230619 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Print) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 27 DP - 2023 Jun 19 TI - Social cognitive predictors of vaccination status, uptake and mitigation behaviors in the Canadian COVID-19 Experiences survey. PG - 4031-4041 LID - S0264-410X(22)01526-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.010 [doi] AB - Emerging infectious diseases like COVID-19 will remain a concern for the foreseeable future, and determinants of vaccination and other mitigation behaviors are therefore critical to understand. Using data from the first two waves of the Canadian COVID-19 Experiences Survey (CCES; N = 1,958; 66.56 % female), we examined social cognitive predictors of vaccination status, transition to acceptance and mitigation behaviors in a population-representative sample. Findings indicated that all social cognitive variables were strong predictors of mitigation behavior performance at each wave, particularly among unvaccinated individuals. Among those who were vaccine hesitant at baseline, most social cognitive variables predicted transition to fully vaccinated status at follow-up. After controlling for demographic factors and geographic region, greater odds of transitioning from unvaccinated at CCES Wave 1 to fully vaccinated at CCES Wave 2 was predicted most strongly by a perception that one's valued peers were taking up the vaccine (e.g., dynamic norms (OR = 2.13 (CI: 1.54,2.93)), perceived effectiveness of the vaccine (OR = 3.71 (CI: 2.43,5.66)), favorable attitudes toward the vaccine (OR = 2.80 (CI: 1.99,3.95)), greater perceived severity of COVID-19 (OR = 2.02 (CI: 1.42,2.86)), and stronger behavioral intention to become vaccinated (OR = 2.99 (CI: 2.16,4.14)). As a group, social cognitive variables improved prediction of COVID-19 mitigation behaviors (masking, distancing, hand hygiene) by a factor of 5 compared to demographic factors, and improved prediction of vaccination status by a factor of nearly 20. Social cognitive processes appear to be important leverage points for health communications to encourage COVID-19 vaccination and other mitigation behaviors, particularly among initially hesitant members of the general population. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Hall, Peter A AU - Hall PA AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: pahall@uwaterloo.ca. FAU - Meng, Gang AU - Meng G AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Boudreau, Christian AU - Boudreau C AD - Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Hudson, Anna AU - Hudson A AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Quah, Anne C K AU - Quah ACK AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Agar, Thomas AU - Agar T AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Fong, Geoffrey T AU - Fong GT AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: geoffrey.fong@uwaterloo.ca. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221212 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Canada/epidemiology MH - Vaccination MH - Cognition PMC - PMC9742224 COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/12/18 06:00 MHDA- 2023/06/19 13:08 PMCR- 2022/12/12 CRDT- 2022/12/17 22:04 PHST- 2022/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/19 13:08 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/17 22:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0264-410X(22)01526-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2023 Jun 19;41(27):4031-4041. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.010. Epub 2022 Dec 12. PMID- 36524126 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221219 LR - 20230118 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Analyzing the immunogenicity of bivalent booster vaccinations in healthcare workers: The SWITCH ON trial protocol. PG - 1067749 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1067749 [doi] LID - 1067749 AB - Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has contributed greatly to providing protection against severe disease, thereby reducing hospital admissions and deaths. Several studies have reported reduction in vaccine effectiveness over time against the Omicron sub-lineages. However, the willingness to receive regular booster doses in the general population is declining. To determine the need for repeated booster vaccinations in healthy individuals and to aid policymakers in future public health interventions for COVID-19, we aim to gain insight into the immunogenicity of the additional bivalent booster vaccination in a representative sample of the healthy Dutch population. The SWITCH ON study was initiated to investigate three main topics: i) immunogenicity of bivalent vaccines after priming with adenovirus- or mRNA-based vaccines, ii) immunological recall responses and reactivity with relevant variants after booster vaccination, and iii) the necessity of booster vaccinations for the healthy population in the future. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT05471440. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Tan, Sablerolles, Rietdijk, Goorhuis, Postma, Visser, Bogers, Geers, Zaeck, Koopmans, Dalm, Kootstra, Huckriede, van Baarle, Lafeber, GeurtsvanKessel, de Vries and van der Kuy. FAU - Tan, Ngoc H AU - Tan NH AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Sablerolles, Roos S G AU - Sablerolles RSG AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Rietdijk, Wim J R AU - Rietdijk WJR AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Goorhuis, Abraham AU - Goorhuis A AD - Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Postma, Douwe F AU - Postma DF AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - Visser, Leo G AU - Visser LG AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. FAU - Bogers, Susanne AU - Bogers S AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Geers, Daryl AU - Geers D AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Zaeck, Luca M AU - Zaeck LM AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Koopmans, Marion P G AU - Koopmans MPG AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Dalm, Virgil A S H AU - Dalm VASH AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology and Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Kootstra, Neeltje A AU - Kootstra NA AD - Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Huckriede, Anke L W AU - Huckriede ALW AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. FAU - van Baarle, Debbie AU - van Baarle D AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands. FAU - Lafeber, Melvin AU - Lafeber M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H AU - GeurtsvanKessel CH AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - de Vries, Rory D AU - de Vries RD AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - van der Kuy, Paul-Hugo Marie AU - van der Kuy PM AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05471440 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221129 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Health Personnel MH - Vaccination MH - Health Status MH - Public Health PMC - PMC9744953 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adenovirus-based vaccine OT - COVID-19 OT - immune memory OT - immune response OT - mRNA vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/20 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/29 CRDT- 2022/12/16 02:35 PHST- 2022/10/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/16 02:35 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1067749 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Nov 29;13:1067749. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1067749. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36514706 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221222 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec TI - Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Activation, p53, and Autophagy Inhibition Characterize the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike Protein Induced Neurotoxicity. PG - e32361 LID - 10.7759/cureus.32361 [doi] LID - e32361 AB - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein and prions use common pathogenic pathways to induce toxicity in neurons. Infectious prions rapidly activate the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins rapidly activate both the p38 MAPK and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways through toll-like receptor signaling, indicating the potential for similar neurotoxicity, causing prion and prion-like disease. In this review, we analyze the roles of autophagy inhibition, molecular mimicry, elevated intracellular p53 levels and reduced Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) and dual-specificity phosphatase (DUSP) expression in neurons in the disease process. The pathways induced by the spike protein via toll-like receptor activation induce both the upregulation of PrP(C) (the normal isoform of the prion protein, PrP) and the expression of beta amyloid. Through the spike-protein-dependent elevation of p53 levels via beta amyloid metabolism, increased PrP(C) expression can lead to PrP misfolding and impaired autophagy, generating prion disease. We conclude that, according to the age of the spike protein-exposed patient and the state of their cellular autophagy activity, excess sustained activity of p53 in neurons may be a catalytic factor in neurodegeneration. An autoimmune reaction via molecular mimicry likely also contributes to neurological symptoms. Overall results suggest that neurodegeneration is in part due to the intensity and duration of spike protein exposure, patient advanced age, cellular autophagy activity, and activation, function and regulation of p53. Finally, the neurologically damaging effects can be cumulatively spike-protein dependent, whether exposure is by natural infection or, more substantially, by repeated mRNA vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2022, Kyriakopoulos et al. FAU - Kyriakopoulos, Anthony M AU - Kyriakopoulos AM AD - Infectious Disease, Nasco AD Biotechnology Laboratory, Piraeus, GRC. FAU - Nigh, Greg AU - Nigh G AD - Naturopathy, Immersion Health, Portland, USA. FAU - McCullough, Peter A AU - McCullough PA AD - Cardiology, Truth for Health Foundation, Tucson, USA. FAU - Seneff, Stephanie AU - Seneff S AD - Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221209 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC9733976 OTO - NOTNLM OT - aging OT - autoimmunity OT - autophagy OT - covid-19 OT - mrna vaccines OT - p53 OT - prion and prion-like diseases OT - sars-cov-2 spike protein OT - senescence OT - wip1 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/12/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/09 CRDT- 2022/12/14 01:59 PHST- 2022/12/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/14 01:59 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.32361 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2022 Dec 9;14(12):e32361. doi: 10.7759/cureus.32361. eCollection 2022 Dec. PMID- 36512034 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221215 LR - 20230613 IS - 1540-9538 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1007 (Print) IS - 0022-1007 (Linking) VI - 220 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb 6 TI - Antibody feedback contributes to facilitating the development of Omicron-reactive memory B cells in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinees. LID - 10.1084/jem.20221786 [doi] LID - e20221786 AB - In contrast to a second dose of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, a third dose elicits potent neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant. To address the underlying mechanism for this differential antibody response, we examined spike receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B cells in vaccinated individuals. Frequency of Omicron-reactive memory B cells increased approximately 9 mo after the second vaccine dose. These memory B cells show an altered distribution of epitopes from pre-second memory B cells, presumably due to an antibody feedback mechanism. This hypothesis was tested using mouse models, showing that an addition or a depletion of RBD-induced serum antibodies results in a concomitant increase or decrease, respectively, of Omicron-reactive germinal center (GC) and memory B cells. Our data suggest that pre-generated antibodies modulate the selection of GC and subsequent memory B cells after the second vaccine dose, accumulating more Omicron-reactive memory B cells over time, which contributes to the generation of Omicron-neutralizing antibodies elicited by the third vaccine dose. CI - (c) 2022 Inoue et al. FAU - Inoue, Takeshi AU - Inoue T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9972-6105 AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Shinnakasu, Ryo AU - Shinnakasu R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5369-3424 AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Division of Medical Research Support, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan. AD - Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan. FAU - Kawai, Chie AU - Kawai C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5883-2377 AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Yamamoto, Hiromi AU - Yamamoto H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3495-9936 AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Sakakibara, Shuhei AU - Sakakibara S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3157-5870 AD - Laboratory of Immune Regulation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Ono, Chikako AU - Ono C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3965-6715 AD - Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Virus Control, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Itoh, Yumi AU - Itoh Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5501-3413 AD - Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Terooatea, Tommy AU - Terooatea T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7814-3736 AD - KOTAI Biotechnologies, Inc., Osaka, Japan. FAU - Yamashita, Kazuo AU - Yamashita K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0085-2057 AD - KOTAI Biotechnologies, Inc., Osaka, Japan. FAU - Okamoto, Toru AU - Okamoto T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4000-3102 AD - Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Hashii, Noritaka AU - Hashii N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1363-2050 AD - Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan. FAU - Ishii-Watabe, Akiko AU - Ishii-Watabe A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2167-2263 AD - Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan. FAU - Butler, Noah S AU - Butler NS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1429-0796 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. FAU - Matsuura, Yoshiharu AU - Matsuura Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9091-8285 AD - Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Virus Control, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Matsumoto, Hisatake AU - Matsumoto H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5771-570X AD - Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Otsuka, Shinya AU - Otsuka S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2489-9992 AD - Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Hakodate National Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan. FAU - Hiraoka, Kei AU - Hiraoka K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5378-0421 AD - Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Hakodate National Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan. FAU - Teshima, Takanori AU - Teshima T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0941-271X AD - Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. AD - Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. FAU - Murakami, Masaaki AU - Murakami M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7159-7279 AD - Molecular Psychoimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. AD - Team of Quantum immunology, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan. AD - Division of Molecular Neuroimmunology, Department of Homeostatic Regulation, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan. FAU - Kurosaki, Tomohiro AU - Kurosaki T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6352-304X AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan. LA - eng GR - R01 AI125446/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI127481/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI167058/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221213 PL - United States TA - J Exp Med JT - The Journal of experimental medicine JID - 2985109R RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Mice MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Feedback MH - Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - RNA, Messenger MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC9750191 COIS- Disclosures: K. Yamashita is a founder and board member of KOTAI Biotechnologies, Inc. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2022/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/13 CRDT- 2022/12/13 11:13 PHST- 2022/10/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/13 11:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 213745 [pii] AID - jem.20221786 [pii] AID - 10.1084/jem.20221786 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exp Med. 2023 Feb 6;220(2):e20221786. doi: 10.1084/jem.20221786. Epub 2022 Dec 13. PMID- 36510367 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231228 LR - 20240909 IS - 1532-7027 (Electronic) IS - 1041-0236 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Apr TI - How Information Repertoire Affects Vaccine Hesitancy: Processes of Information Verification and Cognitive Elaboration. PG - 62-72 LID - 10.1080/10410236.2022.2154017 [doi] AB - As information consumption plays a critical role in addressing vaccine hesitancy in the hybrid media environment, it becomes crucial to understand how individuals' use of a combination of channels and sources affects their vaccine hesitancy. Based on information repertoire approaches emphasizing the multiplicity of channels and sources, we investigated different patterns of information repertoire related to the COVID-19 pandemic and how these patterns affected vaccine hesitancy through different informational mechanisms. Our results based on a U.S. sample suggest that while a richer information repertoire related to increased confidence in vaccines through increased information verification, this richness also corresponded with deepened vaccine hesitancy through heightened cognitive elaboration and perceived information inconsistency. Our findings support the utility of repertoire approaches for better understanding health information acquisition in the complex media ecology. FAU - Zhao, Xinyan AU - Zhao X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1970-031X AD - Hussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. FAU - Ma, Zexin AU - Ma Z AD - Department of Communication, Journalism, and Public Relations, Oakland University. FAU - Xu, Sifan AU - Xu S AD - School of Advertising and Public Relations, University of Tennessee. FAU - Austin, Lucinda L AU - Austin LL AD - Hussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221212 PL - England TA - Health Commun JT - Health communication JID - 8908762 RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pandemics MH - Vaccination Hesitancy MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Cognition MH - Vaccination MH - *Vaccines EDAT- 2022/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2023/12/28 06:42 CRDT- 2022/12/13 00:13 PHST- 2023/12/28 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/13 00:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/10410236.2022.2154017 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Health Commun. 2024 Apr;39(1):62-72. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2154017. Epub 2022 Dec 12. PMID- 36508885 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230202 LR - 20230213 IS - 1878-3279 (Electronic) IS - 0171-2985 (Print) IS - 0171-2985 (Linking) VI - 228 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan TI - CD4 and IL-2 mediated NK cell responses after COVID-19 infection and mRNA vaccination in adults. PG - 152304 LID - S0171-2985(22)00130-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152304 [doi] AB - A detailed understanding of protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 is incredibly important in fighting the pandemic. Central to protective immunity is the ability of the immune system to recall previous exposures. Although antibody and T cell immunity have gained considerable attention, the contribution of the NK cell compartment to immune recall and protection from SARS-CoV-2 has not been explored. In this study, we investigate the NK cell responses to stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 in previously exposed and non-exposed individuals. We show that NK cells demonstrate an enhanced CD4+ T cell dependent response when re-exposed to SARS-CoV-2 antigen. The enhanced response is dependent on T cells and correlates with the number of SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4 T cells. We find that IL-2 is a critical mediator of NK cell function. These findings suggest that NK cells contribute to the protective responses against SARS-CoV-2 through a cooperation with antigen-specific CD4 T cells and have significant implications on our understanding of protective immunity in SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2022. Published by Elsevier GmbH. FAU - Alhajjat, Amir M AU - Alhajjat AM AD - Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: aalhajjat@luriechildrens.org. FAU - Redden, Catherine R AU - Redden CR AD - Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Langereis, Morgan AU - Langereis M AD - Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Papastefan, Steven T AU - Papastefan ST AD - Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Ito, Joy A S AU - Ito JAS AD - Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Ott, Katherine C AU - Ott KC AD - Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Turner, Lucas E AU - Turner LE AD - Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Kang, HeeKap K AU - Kang HK AD - Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Shaaban, Aimen F AU - Shaaban AF AD - Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221123 PL - Netherlands TA - Immunobiology JT - Immunobiology JID - 8002742 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Interleukin-2) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Interleukin-2 MH - *Killer Cells, Natural/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *mRNA Vaccines/immunology PMC - PMC9683520 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive immunity OT - BNT162b2 OT - CD4 OT - COVID-19 OT - IL-2 OT - Memory OT - NK cells COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/12/13 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/11 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/23 CRDT- 2022/12/12 18:19 PHST- 2022/08/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/12 18:19 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0171-2985(22)00130-9 [pii] AID - 152304 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152304 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunobiology. 2023 Jan;228(1):152304. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152304. Epub 2022 Nov 23. PMID- 36507220 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240923 IS - 2589-0042 (Electronic) IS - 2589-0042 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan 20 TI - Maturation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific memory B cells drives resilience to viral escape. PG - 105726 LID - 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105726 [doi] LID - 105726 AB - Memory B cells (MBCs) generate rapid antibody responses upon secondary encounter with a pathogen. Here, we investigated the kinetics, avidity, and cross-reactivity of serum antibodies and MBCs in 155 SARS-CoV-2 infected and vaccinated individuals over a 16-month time frame. SARS-CoV-2-specific MBCs and serum antibodies reached steady-state titers with comparable kinetics in infected and vaccinated individuals. Whereas MBCs of infected individuals targeted both prefusion and postfusion Spike (S), most vaccine-elicited MBCs were specific for prefusion S, consistent with the use of prefusion-stabilized S in mRNA vaccines. Furthermore, a large fraction of MBCs recognizing postfusion S cross-reacted with human betacoronaviruses. The avidity of MBC-derived and serum antibodies increased over time resulting in enhanced resilience to viral escape by SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 sublineages, albeit only partially for BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages. Overall, the maturation of high-affinity and broadly reactive MBCs provides the basis for effective recall responses to future SARS-CoV-2 variants. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. FAU - Marzi, Roberta AU - Marzi R AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Bassi, Jessica AU - Bassi J AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Silacci-Fregni, Chiara AU - Silacci-Fregni C AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Bartha, Istvan AU - Bartha I AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Muoio, Francesco AU - Muoio F AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Culap, Katja AU - Culap K AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Sprugasci, Nicole AU - Sprugasci N AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Lombardo, Gloria AU - Lombardo G AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Saliba, Christian AU - Saliba C AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Cameroni, Elisabetta AU - Cameroni E AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Cassotta, Antonino AU - Cassotta A AD - Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Low, Jun Siong AU - Low JS AD - Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. AD - Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Walls, Alexandra C AU - Walls AC AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - McCallum, Matthew AU - McCallum M AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Tortorici, M Alejandra AU - Tortorici MA AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Bowen, John E AU - Bowen JE AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Dellota, Exequiel A Jr AU - Dellota EA Jr AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Dillen, Josh R AU - Dillen JR AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Czudnochowski, Nadine AU - Czudnochowski N AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Pertusini, Laura AU - Pertusini L AD - Division of Nephrology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Terrot, Tatiana AU - Terrot T AD - Clinical Trial Unit, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Lepori, Valentino AU - Lepori V AD - Independent Physician, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Tarkowski, Maciej AU - Tarkowski M AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Riva, Agostino AU - Riva A AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - III Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Biggiogero, Maira AU - Biggiogero M AD - Clinical Research Unit, Clinica Luganese Moncucco, Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Franzetti-Pellanda, Alessandra AU - Franzetti-Pellanda A AD - Clinical Research Unit, Clinica Luganese Moncucco, Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Garzoni, Christian AU - Garzoni C AD - Clinic of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Clinica Luganese Moncucco, Lugano, Switzerland. FAU - Ferrari, Paolo AU - Ferrari P AD - Division of Nephrology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland. AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. AD - Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Ceschi, Alessandro AU - Ceschi A AD - Clinical Trial Unit, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland. AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. AD - Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacological Sciences of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland. AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Giannini, Olivier AU - Giannini O AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. AD - Department of Medicine, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Havenar-Daughton, Colin AU - Havenar-Daughton C AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Telenti, Amalio AU - Telenti A AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Arvin, Ann AU - Arvin A AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Virgin, Herbert W AU - Virgin HW AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. FAU - Sallusto, Federica AU - Sallusto F AD - Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland. AD - Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Veesler, David AU - Veesler D AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Lanzavecchia, Antonio AU - Lanzavecchia A AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Corti, Davide AU - Corti D AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Piccoli, Luca AU - Piccoli L AD - Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. LA - eng GR - DP1 AI158186/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201700059C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221205 PL - United States TA - iScience JT - iScience JID - 101724038 UOF - bioRxiv. 2022 Sep 30:2022.09.30.509852. doi: 10.1101/2022.09.30.509852. PMID: 36203553 PMC - PMC9721160 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immunology OT - Virology COIS- R.M., J.B., C.S.-F., I.B., F.M., K.C., N.S., G.L., C.S., E.C., E.A.D.J., J.R.D., N.C., C.H.-D., A.T., A.A., H.W.V., A.L., D.C., and L.Pi. are or were employees of Vir Biotechnology Inc. and may hold shares in Vir Biotechnology Inc. C.G. is an external scientific consultant to Humabs BioMed SA. The other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/12/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/13 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/05 CRDT- 2022/12/12 11:32 PHST- 2022/09/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/13 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/12 11:32 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2589-0042(22)01999-X [pii] AID - 105726 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105726 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - iScience. 2023 Jan 20;26(1):105726. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105726. Epub 2022 Dec 5. PMID- 36505416 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221216 LR - 20240908 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Profiling the B cell immune response elicited by vaccination against the respiratory virus SARS-CoV-2. PG - 1058748 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1058748 [doi] LID - 1058748 AB - B cells play a fundamental role in host defenses against viral infections. Profiling the B cell response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, including the generation and persistence of antigen-specific memory B cells, is essential for improving the knowledge of vaccine immune responsiveness, beyond the antibody response. mRNA-based vaccines have shown to induce a robust class-switched memory B cell response that persists overtime and is boosted by further vaccine administration, suggesting that memory B cells are critical in driving a recall response upon re-exposure to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Here, we focus on the role of the B cell response in the context of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, offering an overview of the different technologies that can be used to identify spike-specific B cells, characterize their phenotype using machine learning approaches, measure their capacity to reactivate following antigen encounter, and tracking the maturation of the B cell receptor antigenic affinity. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Pettini, Medaglini and Ciabattini. FAU - Pettini, Elena AU - Pettini E AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Medaglini, Donata AU - Medaglini D AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Ciabattini, Annalisa AU - Ciabattini A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221124 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Vaccination MH - Immunity PMC - PMC9729280 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell ELISpot OT - BCR repertoire OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - computational flow cytometry OT - memory B cells OT - respiratory virus COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/24 CRDT- 2022/12/12 11:00 PHST- 2022/09/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/12 11:00 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1058748 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Nov 24;13:1058748. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1058748. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36499373 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221216 LR - 20221221 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 23 DP - 2022 Nov 30 TI - Long-Term Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA-Based Vaccine on B Cell Compartment: Efficient Recall of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Memory B Cells. LID - 10.3390/ijms232315046 [doi] LID - 15046 AB - At present, there is a lack of clinical evidence about the impact and long-term durability of the immune response induced by the third dose of mRNA vaccines. In this study, we followed up the B cell compartment behavior in a cohort of immunocompetent individuals three and six months after the third dose of vaccine. During this period, some subjects contracted the virus. In uninfected vaccinated subjects, we did not report any changes in serum spike-specific IgG levels, with a significant reduction in IgA. Instead, subjects recovered from natural infection showed a significant increase in both specific IgG and IgA. Moreover, we showed a time-related decrease in IgG neutralizing potential to all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) in uninfected compared to recovered subjects, who displayed an increased neutralizing ability, particularly against the omicron variant. Finally, we underlined the presence of a pool of SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells in both groups that are prone to respond to restimulation, as demonstrated by their ability to differentiate into plasma cells and to produce anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulins. These data lead us to assert the long-term effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine in contrasting the severe form of the pathology and prevent COVID-19-associated hospitalization. FAU - Busa, Rosalia AU - Busa R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7546-7209 AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Miele, Monica AU - Miele M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1606-651X AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. AD - Ri.MED Foundation, 90133 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Sorrentino, Maria Concetta AU - Sorrentino MC AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Amico, Giandomenico AU - Amico G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6957-9861 AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. AD - Ri.MED Foundation, 90133 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Timoneri, Francesca AU - Timoneri F AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. AD - Ri.MED Foundation, 90133 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Miceli, Vitale AU - Miceli V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8922-9909 AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Di Bella, Mariangela AU - Di Bella M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5502-4841 AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. AD - Ri.MED Foundation, 90133 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Russelli, Giovanna AU - Russelli G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1920-0892 AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Gallo, Alessia AU - Gallo A AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Zito, Giovanni AU - Zito G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0482-6729 AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Iannolo, Gioacchin AU - Iannolo G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7710-4735 AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Conaldi, Pier Giulio AU - Conaldi PG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1994-8005 AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Bulati, Matteo AU - Bulati M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3269-935X AD - Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy. LA - eng GR - 12371760/Ministero della Salute Ricerca Finalizzata Progetto COVID-2020/ GR - Italian Ministry of Health, Ricerca Corrente 2022/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221130 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Antibodies, Viral PMC - PMC9738945 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - BNT162b2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - booster dose OT - long-lasting memory OT - mRNA vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2022/12/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/30 CRDT- 2022/12/11 01:19 PHST- 2022/10/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/11 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms232315046 [pii] AID - ijms-23-15046 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms232315046 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 30;23(23):15046. doi: 10.3390/ijms232315046. PMID- 36494672 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221216 LR - 20221220 IS - 1824-7288 (Electronic) IS - 1720-8424 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec 9 TI - The awareness and acceptance of anti-COVID 19 vaccination in adolescence. PG - 194 LID - 10.1186/s13052-022-01390-8 [doi] LID - 194 AB - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 had devastating effects on children's and adolescents' life, including neuropsychological impairment, discontinuation of social life and education. Since June 2021, antiCOVID19 vaccination has become available to adolescents in Italy up to 12 years and since December 2021 to children aged more than 5 years. The pediatric population represents a challenging target for vaccination. Aim of the study is to perform a survey among adolescents to explore factors associated with COVID 19 immunization and their perceptions about COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS: Italian students aged 10-17 years were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey regarding their immunization against COVID-19 and their opinion on the immunization practice through a web link to the questionnaire. The study period was March-June 2022. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v 21. RESULTS: In the study period, 895 students entered the survey. A total of 87.3% of respondents were immunized against SARS-CoV2. The most important predictors of being immunized against SARS-CoV2 were having both parents immunized (p < 0, 001) and being aged over 12 years. In the unvaccinated group, the decision was mostly influenced by the family (65.8%). Regardless the immunization status, respondents were willing to receive information about COVID 19 vaccination mostly by their family doctor (51.8%) and at school (28.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Parents' decisions and attitudes strongly affected the immunization status of adolescents. Students' willing to receive COVID 19 vaccine information by family doctors and at school, underline the potential role of paediatricians and school educators in contributing to an increased vaccine coverage among the paediatric age. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Cupertino, Vita AU - Cupertino V AD - The Adolescent Study Group, The Italian Pediatric Society, Rome, Italy. AD - Cosenza ASP, Cosenza, Italy. FAU - Bozzola, Elena AU - Bozzola E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2586-019X AD - The Adolescent Study Group, The Italian Pediatric Society, Rome, Italy. elena.bozzola@opbg.net. AD - Pediatric Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy. elena.bozzola@opbg.net. FAU - De Luca, Giampaolo AU - De Luca G AD - The Adolescent Study Group, The Italian Pediatric Society, Rome, Italy. AD - Cosenza ASP, Cosenza, Italy. FAU - Del Giudice, Emanuela AU - Del Giudice E AD - The Adolescent Study Group, The Italian Pediatric Society, Rome, Italy. AD - Pediatric and Neonatology Unit, Maternal and Child Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy. FAU - De Martino, Giuseppe AU - De Martino G AD - The Adolescent Study Group, The Italian Pediatric Society, Rome, Italy. AD - Cosenza ASP, Cosenza, Italy. FAU - Cannataro, Piero AU - Cannataro P AD - The Adolescent Study Group, The Italian Pediatric Society, Rome, Italy. AD - Cosenza ASP, Cosenza, Italy. FAU - Tozzi, Alberto Eugenio AU - Tozzi AE AD - Multifactorial and Complex Diseases Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Corsello, Giovanni AU - Corsello G AD - Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90100, Palermo, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221209 PL - England TA - Ital J Pediatr JT - Italian journal of pediatrics JID - 101510759 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Viral) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - RNA, Viral MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Parents MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice PMC - PMC9733392 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescence OT - COVID-19 OT - Survey OT - Vaccination COIS- The Authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/09 CRDT- 2022/12/09 23:53 PHST- 2022/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/09 23:53 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13052-022-01390-8 [pii] AID - 1390 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13052-022-01390-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Ital J Pediatr. 2022 Dec 9;48(1):194. doi: 10.1186/s13052-022-01390-8. PMID- 36480298 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230307 LR - 20231212 IS - 1365-2249 (Electronic) IS - 0009-9104 (Print) IS - 0009-9104 (Linking) VI - 210 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Dec 31 TI - The role of antigen availability during B cell induction and its effect on sustained memory and antibody production after infection and vaccination-lessons learned from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. PG - 273-282 LID - 10.1093/cei/uxac113 [doi] AB - The importance of antibodies, particularly neutralizing antibodies, has been known for decades. When examining the immune responses against a pathogen after a vaccination or infection it is easier to measure the levels of antigen-specific antibodies than the T-cell response, but it does not give the whole picture. The levels of neutralizing antibodies are harder to determine but give a better indication of the quality of the antibody response. The induction of long-lived antibody-secreting plasma cells is crucial for a persistent humoral immune response, which has been shown for example after vaccination with the vaccinia vaccine, where antibody levels have been shown to persist for decades. With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic ravaging the world for the past years and the monumental effort in designing and releasing novel vaccines against the virus, much effort has been put into analysing the quantity, quality, and persistence of antibody responses. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Immunology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Bjarnarson, Stefania P AU - Bjarnarson SP AD - Department of Immunology, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. FAU - Brynjolfsson, Siggeir F AU - Brynjolfsson SF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0451-5581 AD - Department of Immunology, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Clin Exp Immunol JT - Clinical and experimental immunology JID - 0057202 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antigens) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Antibody Formation MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Pandemics MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Vaccination MH - Antigens MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing PMC - PMC9985164 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - antibodies OT - antigens OT - memory OT - vaccine EDAT- 2022/12/09 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/08 06:00 PMCR- 2023/12/08 CRDT- 2022/12/08 14:58 PHST- 2022/07/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/08 14:58 [entrez] PHST- 2023/12/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6884048 [pii] AID - uxac113 [pii] AID - 10.1093/cei/uxac113 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Exp Immunol. 2022 Dec 31;210(3):273-282. doi: 10.1093/cei/uxac113. PMID- 36477364 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230428 LR - 20230615 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) VI - 227 IP - 9 DP - 2023 Apr 26 TI - Prevalence and Severity of Symptoms 3 Months After Infection With SARS-CoV-2 Compared to Test-Negative and Population Controls in the Netherlands. PG - 1059-1067 LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiac474 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This prospective study assesses symptoms 3 months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection compared to test-negative and population controls, and the effect of vaccination prior to infection. METHODS: Participants enrolled after a positive (cases) or negative (test-negative controls) SARS-CoV-2 test, or after invitation from the general population (population controls). After 3 months, participants indicated presence of 41 symptoms and severity of 4 symptoms. Permutation tests were used to select symptoms significantly elevated in cases compared to controls and to compare symptoms between cases that were vaccinated or unvaccinated prior to infection. RESULTS: In total, 9166 cases, 1698 symptomatic but test-negative controls, and 3708 population controls enrolled. At 3 months, 13 symptoms, and severity of fatigue, cognitive impairment, and dyspnea were significantly elevated incases compared to controls. Of cases, 48.5% reported >/=1 significantly elevated symptom compared to 29.8% of test-negative controls and 26.0% of population controls. Effect of vaccination could be determined for cases aged <65 years, and was significantly protective for loss of smell and taste but not for other symptoms. DISCUSSION: Three months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, almost half of cases report symptoms, which was higher than background prevalence and test-negative prevalence. Vaccination prior to infection was protective against loss of smell and taste in cases aged <65 years. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - van der Maaden, Tessa AU - van der Maaden T AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - Mutubuki, Elizabeth N AU - Mutubuki EN AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - de Bruijn, Simeon AU - de Bruijn S AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - Leung, Ka Yin AU - Leung KY AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - Knoop, Hans AU - Knoop H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7763-3517 AD - Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. AD - Department of Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Slootweg, Jaap AU - Slootweg J AD - Centre for Sustainability, Environment, and Health, National Institute for Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - Tulen, Anna D AU - Tulen AD AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - Wong, Albert AU - Wong A AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - van Hoek, Albert Jan AU - van Hoek AJ AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - Franz, Eelco AU - Franz E AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. FAU - van den Wijngaard, Cees C AU - van den Wijngaard CC AD - Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Netherlands/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Anosmia MH - Population Control MH - Prevalence MH - Prospective Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - dyspnea OT - fatigue OT - long COVID OT - long-term symptoms OT - post-COVID-19 condition OT - prevalence OT - symptoms‌ COIS- Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts of interest. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. EDAT- 2022/12/09 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/28 06:41 CRDT- 2022/12/08 11:37 PHST- 2022/08/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/08 11:37 [entrez] AID - 6880553 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiac474 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Dis. 2023 Apr 26;227(9):1059-1067. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac474. PMID- 36473496 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230201 LR - 20260127 IS - 1476-4687 (Electronic) IS - 0028-0836 (Print) IS - 0028-0836 (Linking) VI - 613 IP - 7945 DP - 2023 Jan TI - Antibody feedback regulates immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. PG - 735-742 LID - 10.1038/s41586-022-05609-w [doi] AB - Feedback inhibition of humoral immunity by antibodies was first documented in 1909(1). Subsequent studies showed that, depending on the context, antibodies can enhance or inhibit immune responses(2,3). However, little is known about how pre-existing antibodies influence the development of memory B cells. Here we examined the memory B cell response in individuals who received two high-affinity anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies and subsequently two doses of an mRNA vaccine(4-8). We found that the recipients of the monoclonal antibodies produced antigen-binding and neutralizing titres that were only fractionally lower compared than in control individuals. However, the memory B cells of the individuals who received the monoclonal antibodies differed from those of control individuals in that they predominantly expressed low-affinity IgM antibodies that carried small numbers of somatic mutations and showed altered receptor binding domain (RBD) target specificity, consistent with epitope masking. Moreover, only 1 out of 77 anti-RBD memory antibodies tested neutralized the virus. The mechanism underlying these findings was examined in experiments in mice that showed that germinal centres formed in the presence of the same antibodies were dominated by low-affinity B cells. Our results indicate that pre-existing high-affinity antibodies bias germinal centre and memory B cell selection through two distinct mechanisms: (1) by lowering the activation threshold for B cells, thereby permitting abundant lower-affinity clones to participate in the immune response; and (2) through direct masking of their cognate epitopes. This may in part explain the shifting target profile of memory antibodies elicited by booster vaccinations(9). CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Schaefer-Babajew, Dennis AU - Schaefer-Babajew D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5380-2950 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Wang, Zijun AU - Wang Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2095-2151 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Muecksch, Frauke AU - Muecksch F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0132-5101 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Cho, Alice AU - Cho A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6354-6148 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Loewe, Maximilian AU - Loewe M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2935-3750 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Cipolla, Melissa AU - Cipolla M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Raspe, Raphael AU - Raspe R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3409-4968 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Johnson, Brianna AU - Johnson B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3214-284X AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Canis, Marie AU - Canis M AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - DaSilva, Justin AU - DaSilva J AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Ramos, Victor AU - Ramos V AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Turroja, Martina AU - Turroja M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9640-0559 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Millard, Katrina G AU - Millard KG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2247-3178 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Schmidt, Fabian AU - Schmidt F AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Witte, Leander AU - Witte L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4704-8461 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Dizon, Juan AU - Dizon J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Shimeliovich, Irina AU - Shimeliovich I AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Yao, Kai-Hui AU - Yao KH AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Oliveira, Thiago Y AU - Oliveira TY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2654-0879 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Gazumyan, Anna AU - Gazumyan A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Gaebler, Christian AU - Gaebler C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7295-8128 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2368-3719 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. pbieniasz@rockefeller.edu. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA. pbieniasz@rockefeller.edu. FAU - Hatziioannou, Theodora AU - Hatziioannou T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7889-0766 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. thatziio@rockefeller.edu. FAU - Caskey, Marina AU - Caskey M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1727-8693 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. mcaskey@rockefeller.edu. FAU - Nussenzweig, Michel C AU - Nussenzweig MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0592-8564 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. nussen@rockefeller.edu. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA. nussen@rockefeller.edu. LA - eng GR - UM1 AI126620/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI070084/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI078788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR001866/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI111825/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI037526/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI144462/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R37 AI037526/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R37 AI064003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221206 PL - England TA - Nature JT - Nature JID - 0410462 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2022 Aug 10:2022.08.05.22278483. doi: 10.1101/2022.08.05.22278483. PMID: 35982682 MH - Animals MH - Mice MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/therapy/virology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - *Vaccination MH - *mRNA Vaccines/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism MH - Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/chemistry/immunology MH - *Feedback, Physiological MH - Immunoglobulin M/immunology MH - Germinal Center/cytology/immunology MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC9876794 COIS- The Rockefeller University has filed a provisional patent application in connection with this work, on which M.C.N. is listed as an inventor (US patent 63/021,387). The patent has been licensed by Rockefeller University to Bristol Meyers Squib. P.D.B. has received remuneration from Pfizer for consulting services related to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. EDAT- 2022/12/07 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/28 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/06 CRDT- 2022/12/06 19:12 PHST- 2022/06/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/06 19:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41586-022-05609-w [pii] AID - 5609 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41586-022-05609-w [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nature. 2023 Jan;613(7945):735-742. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05609-w. Epub 2022 Dec 6. PMID- 36455555 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221223 LR - 20250530 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 20 TI - Tfh cells and the germinal center are required for memory B cell formation & humoral immunity after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. PG - 100845 LID - S2666-3791(22)00409-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100845 [doi] LID - 100845 AB - Emergence from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has been facilitated by the rollout of effective vaccines. Successful vaccines generate high-affinity plasma blasts and long-lived protective memory B cells. Here, we show a requirement for T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the germinal center reaction for optimal serum antibody and memory B cell formation after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. We found that Tfh cells play an important role in expanding antigen-specific B cells while identifying Tfh-cell-dependent and -independent memory B cell subsets. Upon secondary vaccination, germinal center B cells generated during primary immunizations can be recalled as germinal center B cells again. Likewise, primary immunization GC-Tfh cells can be recalled as either Tfh or Th1 cells, highlighting the pluripotent nature of Tfh cell memory. This study demonstrates that ChAdOx1 nCoV-19-induced germinal centers are a critical source of humoral immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Foster, William S AU - Foster WS AD - Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK. FAU - Lee, Jia Le AU - Lee JL AD - Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK. FAU - Thakur, Nazia AU - Thakur N AD - The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 0NF, UK; Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford and Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), Oxford OX3 7BN, UK. FAU - Newman, Joseph AU - Newman J AD - The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 0NF, UK. FAU - Spencer, Alexandra J AU - Spencer AJ AD - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK. FAU - Davies, Sophie AU - Davies S AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford and Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), Oxford OX3 7BN, UK. FAU - Woods, Danielle AU - Woods D AD - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK. FAU - Godfrey, Leila AU - Godfrey L AD - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK. FAU - Hay, Iain M AU - Hay IM AD - Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK; Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK. FAU - Innocentin, Silvia AU - Innocentin S AD - Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK. FAU - Yam-Puc, Juan Carlos AU - Yam-Puc JC AD - MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK. FAU - Horner, Emily C AU - Horner EC AD - MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK. FAU - Sharpe, Hayley J AU - Sharpe HJ AD - Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK. FAU - Thaventhiran, James E AU - Thaventhiran JE AD - MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK. FAU - Bailey, Dalan AU - Bailey D AD - The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 0NF, UK. FAU - Lambe, Teresa AU - Lambe T AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford and Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), Oxford OX3 7BN, UK. Electronic address: teresa.lambe@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk. FAU - Linterman, Michelle A AU - Linterman MA AD - Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK. Electronic address: michelle.linterman@babraham.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - MRF-057-0002-RG-THAV-C0798/MRF_/MRF_/United Kingdom GR - MR/W005611/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - BBS/E/I/COV07001/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom GR - BBS/E/I/00007031/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_0025/12/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - BB/T008784/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221115 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - Memory B Cells MH - T Follicular Helper Cells MH - T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Germinal Center MH - Vaccination MH - Immunization, Secondary PMC - PMC9663747 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD40L OT - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Tfh cells OT - germinal center OT - vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests T.L. is named on a patent application covering ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. The funders played no role in the conceptualization, design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. EDAT- 2022/12/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/15 CRDT- 2022/12/01 18:42 PHST- 2022/07/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/01 18:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(22)00409-8 [pii] AID - 100845 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100845 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2022 Dec 20;3(12):100845. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100845. Epub 2022 Nov 15. PMID- 36451809 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221202 LR - 20241010 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - A minimally-edited mouse model for infection with multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains. PG - 1007080 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007080 [doi] LID - 1007080 AB - Efficient mouse models to study SARS-CoV-2 infection are critical for the development and assessment of vaccines and therapeutic approaches to mitigate the current pandemic and prevent reemergence of COVID-19. While the first generation of mouse models allowed SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis, they relied on ectopic expression and non-physiological levels of human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2). Here we generated a mouse model carrying the minimal set of modifications necessary for productive infection with multiple strains of SARS-CoV-2. Substitution of only three amino acids in the otherwise native mouse Ace2 locus (Ace2 (TripleMutant) or Ace2), was sufficient to render mice susceptible to both SARS-CoV-2 strains USA-WA1/2020 and B.1.1.529 (Omicron). Infected Ace2 mice exhibited weight loss and lung damage and inflammation, similar to COVID-19 patients. Previous exposure to USA-WA1/2020 or mRNA vaccination generated memory B cells that participated in plasmablast responses during breakthrough B.1.1.529 infection. Thus, the Ace2 mouse replicates human disease after SARS-CoV-2 infection and provides a tool to study immune responses to sequential infections in mice. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Nakandakari-Higa, Parsa, Reis, de Carvalho, Mesin, Hoffmann, Bortolatto, Muramatsu, Lin, Bilate, Rice, Pardi, Mucida, Victora and Canesso. FAU - Nakandakari-Higa, Sandra AU - Nakandakari-Higa S AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Parsa, Roham AU - Parsa R AD - Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Reis, Bernardo S AU - Reis BS AD - Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - de Carvalho, Renan V H AU - de Carvalho RVH AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Mesin, Luka AU - Mesin L AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Hoffmann, Hans-Heinrich AU - Hoffmann HH AD - Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Bortolatto, Juliana AU - Bortolatto J AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. AD - Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Muramatsu, Hiromi AU - Muramatsu H AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States. FAU - Lin, Paulo J C AU - Lin PJC AD - Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada. FAU - Bilate, Angelina M AU - Bilate AM AD - Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Rice, Charles M AU - Rice CM AD - Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Pardi, Norbert AU - Pardi N AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States. FAU - Mucida, Daniel AU - Mucida D AD - Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Victora, Gabriel D AU - Victora GD AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Canesso, Maria Cecilia C AU - Canesso MCC AD - Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. AD - Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States. LA - eng GR - R01 AI153064/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI146101/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221114 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - EC 3.4.17.23 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Mice MH - Animals MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics MH - *COVID-19 MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Pandemics PMC - PMC9703079 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - lung inflammation OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cells OT - mouse ACE2 COIS- NP is named on a patent describing the use of nucleoside-modified mRNA in lipid nanoparticles as a vaccine platform. He has disclosed those interests fully to the University of Pennsylvania and has an approved plan in place for managing any potential conflicts arising from the licensing of that patent. PJCL is an employee of Acuitas Therapeutics, a company involved in the development of mRNA-LNP therapeutics. GDV is a scientific advisor for Vaccine Company, Inc. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/03 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/14 CRDT- 2022/12/01 02:29 PHST- 2022/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/01 02:29 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007080 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Nov 14;13:1007080. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007080. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36447262 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260930 IS - 1880-9693 (Print) IS - 1880-8190 (Electronic) IS - 1880-8190 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Nov 29 TI - Association of cellular immunity with severity of COVID-19 from the perspective of antigen-specific memory T cell responses and cross-reactivity. PG - 50 LID - 10.1186/s41232-022-00239-1 [doi] LID - 50 AB - Coronaviruses regularly cause outbreaks of zoonotic diseases characterized by severe pneumonia. The new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused the global pandemic disease COVID-19 that began at the end of 2019 and spread rapidly owing to its infectious nature and rapidly progressing pneumonia. Although the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 is high, indicated by the worldwide spread of the disease in a very short period, many individuals displayed only subclinical infection, and some of them transmitted the disease to individuals who then developed a severe symptomatic infection. Furthermore, there are differences in the severity of infection across countries, which can be attributed to factors such as the emergence of viral mutations in a short period of time as well as to the immune responses to viral factors. Anti-viral immunity generally consists of neutralizing antibodies that block viral infection and cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells that eliminate the virus-infected cells. There is compelling evidence for the role of neutralizing antibodies in protective immunity in SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the role of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells after the viral entry is complex and warrants a comprehensive discussion. Here, we discuss the protection afforded by cellular immunity against initial infection and development of severe disease. The initial failure of cellular immunity to control the infection worsens the clinical outcomes and functional profiles that inflict tissue damage without effectively eliminating viral reservoirs, while robust T cell responses are associated with mild outcomes. We also discuss persistent long-lasting memory T cell-mediated protection after infection or vaccination, which is rather complicated as it may involve SARS-CoV-2-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes or cross-reactivity with previously infected seasonal coronaviruses, which are largely related to HLA genotypes. In addition, cross-reactivity with mutant strains is also discussed. Lastly, we discuss appropriate measures to be taken against the disease for immunocompromised patients. In conclusion, we provide evidence and discuss the causal relationship between natural infection- or vaccine-mediated memory T cell immunity and severity of COVID-19. This review is expected to provide a basis to develop strategies for the next generation of T cell-focused vaccines and aid in ending the current pandemic. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Fujii, Shin-Ichiro AU - Fujii SI AD - Laboratory for Immunotherapy, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan. shin-ichiro.fujii@riken.jp. AD - Program for Drug Discovery and Medical Technology Platforms (DMP), RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. shin-ichiro.fujii@riken.jp. FAU - Yamasaki, Satoru AU - Yamasaki S AD - Laboratory for Immunotherapy, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan. FAU - Iyoda, Tomonori AU - Iyoda T AD - Laboratory for Immunotherapy, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan. FAU - Shimizu, Kanako AU - Shimizu K AD - Laboratory for Immunotherapy, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan. AD - Program for Drug Discovery and Medical Technology Platforms (DMP), RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221129 PL - England TA - Inflamm Regen JT - Inflammation and regeneration JID - 101479577 PMC - PMC9706959 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive immunity OT - Cellular immunity OT - Cross-reactivity OT - Immunotherapy OT - Memory T cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/11/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/30 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/29 CRDT- 2022/11/29 23:58 PHST- 2022/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/29 23:58 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/30 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41232-022-00239-1 [pii] AID - 239 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41232-022-00239-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Inflamm Regen. 2022 Nov 29;42(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s41232-022-00239-1. PMID- 36438042 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231102 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2022 TI - Hospital admission and vaccination as predictive factors of long COVID-19 symptoms. PG - 1016013 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2022.1016013 [doi] LID - 1016013 AB - BACKGROUND: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a great variability of symptoms that affect all organs and systems of the body has been identified in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection; this symptomatology can sometimes persist over time, giving rise to the so-called long COVID or post-COVID. The aim of this study is to delve into the clinical characterization of these patients, as well as to take into account the influence of factors such as hospitalization, admission to ICU, history of pneumonia, or vaccination status on the persistence of symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, descriptive, multicenter, and retrospective study was designed with a series of cases of people who presented long COVID, which includes univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Data were obtained from an online ad hoc questionnaire, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Software Version 25 (IBM-Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS: Hospitalization, ICU admission, history of pneumonia, and vaccination were predictive factors (positive or negative) for the following long-COVID symptoms: headache, menstrual disorders, joint pain, cough, chills, nasal congestion, back pain, abdominal pain, weight loss, eye discomfort, facial erythema, itching, tremors, dizziness, seizures, sleeping difficulty, dry eyes, palpitations, fatigue, paresthesia, dyspnea, aphonia, chest pain, high blood pressure, vomiting, memory loss, brain fog, hypothermia, low blood pressure, sputum or phlegm, lack of concentration, hair loss, and erectile dysfunction. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence on the clinical characterization of patients suffering from long COVID in order to offer them the most appropriate treatments. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Romero-Rodriguez, Perula-de Torres, Castro-Jimenez, Gonzalez-Lama, Jimenez-Garcia, Gonzalez-Bernal, Gonzalez-Santos, Velez-Santamaria, Sanchez-Gonzalez and Santamaria-Pelaez. FAU - Romero-Rodriguez, Esperanza AU - Romero-Rodriguez E AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Multiprofessional Teaching Unit of Family and Community Care, Cordoba and Guadalquivir Health District, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Cordoba and Guadalquivir Health District, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Perula-de Torres, Luis Angel AU - Perula-de Torres LA AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Multiprofessional Teaching Unit of Family and Community Care, Cordoba and Guadalquivir Health District, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Castro-Jimenez, Rafael AU - Castro-Jimenez R AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Lama, Jesus AU - Gonzalez-Lama J AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Health Center "Matrona Antonia Mesa Fernandez", Cabra Clinical Management Unit, AGS Sur de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Jimenez-Garcia, Celia AU - Jimenez-Garcia C AD - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Cordoba and Guadalquivir Health District, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Bernal, Jeronimo J AU - Gonzalez-Bernal JJ AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Santos, Josefa AU - Gonzalez-Santos J AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain. FAU - Velez-Santamaria, Rodrigo AU - Velez-Santamaria R AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Gonzalez, Esteban AU - Sanchez-Gonzalez E AD - Department of Medicine, Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Santamaria-Pelaez, Mirian AU - Santamaria-Pelaez M AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221111 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC9691755 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - admission OT - long COVID OT - persistent COVID OT - post-COVID OT - risk factor OT - symptoms COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/29 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/11 CRDT- 2022/11/28 04:09 PHST- 2022/08/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/28 04:09 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/29 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2022.1016013 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Nov 11;9:1016013. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1016013. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36437407 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221129 LR - 20260823 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Nov 27 TI - Early CD4(+) T cell responses induced by the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine predict immunological memory. PG - 20376 LID - 10.1038/s41598-022-24938-4 [doi] LID - 20376 AB - Longitudinal studies have revealed large interindividual differences in antibody responses induced by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Thus, we performed a comprehensive analysis of adaptive immune responses induced by three doses of the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. The responses of spike-specific CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells and serum IgG, and the serum neutralization capacities induced by the two vaccines declined 6 months later. The 3(rd) dose increased serum spike IgG and neutralizing capacities against the wild-type and Omicron spikes to higher levels than the 2(nd) dose, and this was supported by memory B cell responses, which gradually increased after the 2(nd) dose and were further enhanced by the 3(rd) dose. The 3(rd) dose moderately increased the frequencies of spike-specific CD4(+) T cells, but the frequencies of spike-specific CD8(+) T cells remained unchanged. T cells reactive against the Omicron spike were 1.3-fold fewer than those against the wild-type spike. The early responsiveness of spike-specific CD4(+) T, circulating T follicular helper cells and circulating T peripheral helper cells correlated with memory B cell responses to the booster vaccination, and early spike-specific CD4(+) T cell responses were also associated with spike-specific CD8(+) T cell responses. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating cellular responses to optimize future vaccine strategies. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Bai, Jie AU - Bai J AD - Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. FAU - Chiba, Asako AU - Chiba A AD - Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. a-chiba@juntendo.ac.jp. FAU - Murayama, Goh AU - Murayama G AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. FAU - Kuga, Taiga AU - Kuga T AD - Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. FAU - Yahagi, Yoshiyuki AU - Yahagi Y AD - Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. FAU - Tabe, Yoko AU - Tabe Y AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. FAU - Tamura, Naoto AU - Tamura N AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. FAU - Miyake, Sachiko AU - Miyake S AD - Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. s-miyake@juntendo.ac.jp. LA - eng GR - 20K08807/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ GR - 21H02964/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ GR - 2022-34/Cross-disciplinary Collaboration, Juntendo University Grant/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221127 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9701808 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/30 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/27 CRDT- 2022/11/27 23:28 PHST- 2022/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/27 23:28 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-24938-4 [pii] AID - 24938 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-24938-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2022 Nov 27;12(1):20376. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24938-4. PMID- 36430845 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221129 LR - 20250530 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 22 DP - 2022 Nov 19 TI - Durable CD8 T Cell Memory against SARS-CoV-2 by Prime/Boost and Multi-Dose Vaccination: Considerations on Inter-Dose Time Intervals. LID - 10.3390/ijms232214367 [doi] LID - 14367 AB - Facing the COVID-19 pandemic, anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were developed at unprecedented pace, productively exploiting contemporary fundamental research and prior art. Large-scale use of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has greatly limited severe morbidity and mortality. Protection has been correlated with high serum titres of neutralizing antibodies capable of blocking the interaction between the viral surface protein spike and the host SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE-2. Yet, vaccine-induced protection subsides over time, and breakthrough infections are commonly observed, mostly reflecting the decay of neutralizing antibodies and the emergence of variant viruses with mutant spike proteins. Memory CD8 T cells are a potent weapon against viruses, as they are against tumour cells. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory CD8 T cells are induced by either natural infection or vaccination and can be potentially exploited against spike-mutated viruses. We offer here an overview of current research about the induction of anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory CD8 T cells by vaccination, in the context of prior knowledge on vaccines and on fundamental mechanisms of immunological memory. We focus particularly on how vaccination by two doses (prime/boost) or more (boosters) promotes differentiation of memory CD8 T cells, and on how the time-length of inter-dose intervals may influence the magnitude and persistence of CD8 T cell memory. FAU - Natalini, Ambra AU - Natalini A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7618-493X AD - Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 00161 Rome, Italy. AD - Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK. FAU - Simonetti, Sonia AU - Simonetti S AD - Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 00161 Rome, Italy. AD - Medical Oncology Department, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy. FAU - Sher, Carmel AU - Sher C AD - Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 00161 Rome, Italy. AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. FAU - D'Oro, Ugo AU - D'Oro U AD - GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy. FAU - Hayday, Adrian C AU - Hayday AC AD - Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK. AD - Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK. AD - National Institute for Health and Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK. FAU - Di Rosa, Francesca AU - Di Rosa F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0252-9138 AD - Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 00161 Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - FC001003/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221119 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Pandemics MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing PMC - PMC9698736 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8 T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - immunological memory OT - vaccination COIS- U.D. is an employee of the GSK group of companies and hold shares in the GSK group of companies. A.C.H. is a board member and equity holder in ImmunoQure, AG., and Gamma Delta Therapeutics, and is an equity holder in Adaptate Biotherapeutics. EDAT- 2022/11/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/30 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/19 CRDT- 2022/11/26 01:19 PHST- 2022/10/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/26 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms232214367 [pii] AID - ijms-23-14367 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms232214367 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 19;23(22):14367. doi: 10.3390/ijms232214367. PMID- 36426984 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221129 LR - 20260519 IS - 1550-6606 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1767 (Linking) VI - 209 IP - 11 DP - 2022 Dec 1 TI - Memory B Cells and Memory T Cells Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Booster Vaccination or Infection Show Different Dynamics and Responsiveness to the Omicron Variant. PG - 2104-2113 LID - 10.4049/jimmunol.2200525 [doi] AB - Although the immunological memory produced by BNT162b2 vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been well studied and established, further information using different racial cohorts is necessary to understand the overall immunological response to vaccination. We evaluated memory B and T cell responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein before and after the third booster using a Japanese cohort. Although the Ab titer against the spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) decreased significantly 8 mo after the second vaccination, the number of memory B cells continued to increase, whereas the number of memory T cells decreased slowly. Memory B and T cells from unvaccinated infected patients showed similar kinetics. After the third vaccination, the Ab titer increased to the level of the second vaccination, and memory B cells increased at significantly higher levels before the booster, whereas memory T cells recovered close to the second vaccination levels. In memory T cells, the frequency of CXCR5+CXCR3+CCR6- circulating follicular Th1 was positively correlated with RBD-specific Ab-secreting B cells. For the response to variant RBDs, although 60-80% of memory B cells could bind to the omicron RBD, their avidity was low, whereas memory T cells show an equal response to the omicron spike. Thus, the persistent presence of memory B and T cells will quickly upregulate Ab production and T cell responses after omicron strain infection, which prevents severe illness and death due to coronavirus disease 2019. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. FAU - Mise-Omata, Setsuko AU - Mise-Omata S AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Ikeda, Mari AU - Ikeda M AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Takeshita, Masaru AU - Takeshita M AD - Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Uwamino, Yoshifumi AU - Uwamino Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Wakui, Masatoshi AU - Wakui M AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Arai, Tomoko AU - Arai T AD - Clinical Laboratory, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Yoshifuji, Ayumi AU - Yoshifuji A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8246-8675 AD - Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Murano, Kensaku AU - Murano K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7269-8119 AD - Department of Molecular Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Siomi, Haruhiko AU - Siomi H AD - Department of Molecular Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Nakagawara, Kensuke AU - Nakagawara K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5249-6923 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. AD - Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Ohyagi, Masaki AU - Ohyagi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6009-450X AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Ando, Makoto AU - Ando M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1836-8885 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Hasegawa, Naoki AU - Hasegawa N AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Saya, Hideyuki AU - Saya H AD - Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Murata, Mitsuru AU - Murata M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2728-6198 AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Fukunaga, Koichi AU - Fukunaga K AD - Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Namkoong, Ho AU - Namkoong H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6181-4284 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Lu, Xiuyuan AU - Lu X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0784-2871 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; and. FAU - Yamasaki, Sho AU - Yamasaki S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; and. AD - Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. FAU - Yoshimura, Akihiko AU - Yoshimura A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5676-8949 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - J Immunol JT - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) JID - 2985117R RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Memory T Cells MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19 MH - Vaccination MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus EDAT- 2022/11/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/30 06:00 CRDT- 2022/11/25 09:33 PHST- 2022/07/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/25 09:33 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/30 06:00 [medline] AID - 237343 [pii] AID - 10.4049/jimmunol.2200525 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Immunol. 2022 Dec 1;209(11):2104-2113. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200525. PMID- 36423193 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221128 LR - 20260127 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 11 DP - 2022 Nov 21 TI - Characterization of Three Variants of SARS-CoV-2 In Vivo Shows Host-Dependent Pathogenicity in Hamsters, While Not in K18-hACE2 Mice. LID - 10.3390/v14112584 [doi] LID - 2584 AB - Animal models are used in preclinical trials to test vaccines, antivirals, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulatory drug therapies against SARS-CoV-2. However, these drugs often do not produce equivalent results in human clinical trials. Here, we show how different animal models infected with some of the most clinically relevant SARS-CoV-2 variants, WA1/2020, B.1.617.2/Delta, B.1.1.529/Omicron, and BA5.2/Omicron, have independent outcomes. We show that in K18-hACE2 mice, B.1.617.2 is more pathogenic, followed by WA1, while B.1.1.529 showed an absence of clinical signs. Only B.1.1.529 was able to infect C57BL/6J mice, which lack the human ACE2 receptor. B.1.1.529-infected C57BL/6J mice had different T cell profiles compared to infected K18-hACE2 mice, while viral shedding profiles and viral titers in lungs were similar between the K18-hACE2 and the C57BL/6J mice. These data suggest B.1.1.529 virus adaptation to a new host and shows that asymptomatic carriers can accumulate and shed virus. Next, we show how B.1.617.2, WA1 and BA5.2/Omicron have similar viral replication kinetics, pathogenicity, and viral shedding profiles in hamsters, demonstrating that the increased pathogenicity of B.1.617.2 observed in mice is host-dependent. Overall, these findings suggest that small animal models are useful to parallel human clinical data, but the experimental design places an important role in interpreting the data. Importance: There is a need to investigate SARS-CoV-2 variant phenotypes in different animal models due to the lack of reproducible outcomes when translating experiments to the human population. Our findings highlight the correlation of clinically relevant SARS-CoV-2 variants in animal models with human infections. Experimental design and understanding of correct animal models are essential to interpreting data to develop antivirals, vaccines, and other therapeutic compounds against COVID-19. FAU - Toomer, Gabriela AU - Toomer G AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Burns, Whitney AU - Burns W AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Garcia, Liliana AU - Garcia L AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Henry, Gerelyn AU - Henry G AD - Department of Pathology, Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Chicago, IL 60077, USA. FAU - Biancofiori, Anthony AU - Biancofiori A AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - George, Albert AU - George A AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Duffy, Ciera AU - Duffy C AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Chu, Justin AU - Chu J AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Sides, Morgan AU - Sides M AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Munoz, Melissa AU - Munoz M AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Garcia, Kelly AU - Garcia K AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Nikolai-Yogerst, Anya AU - Nikolai-Yogerst A AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Peng, Xinjian AU - Peng X AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Westfall, Landon AU - Westfall L AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. FAU - Baker, Robert AU - Baker R AD - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), Chicago, IL 60616, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221121 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - 0 (K-18 conjugate) RN - 0 (gamma-Globulins) RN - Q41OR9510P (Melphalan) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Cricetinae MH - Mice MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Virulence MH - *COVID-19 MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Antiviral Agents MH - gamma-Globulins MH - Melphalan PMC - PMC9693146 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Delta B.1.617.2 OT - K18-hACE2 mice OT - LD50 survival OT - Omicron B.1.1.529 OT - Omicron BA5.2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Syrian hamster OT - T cells OT - WA1/2020 OT - activation-induced memory (AIM) OT - animal models OT - cytokines OT - memory T cells COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/29 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/21 CRDT- 2022/11/24 12:04 PHST- 2022/10/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/24 12:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v14112584 [pii] AID - viruses-14-02584 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v14112584 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2022 Nov 21;14(11):2584. doi: 10.3390/v14112584. PMID- 36423150 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221128 LR - 20230130 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 11 DP - 2022 Nov 17 TI - Host Protective Immunity against Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants. LID - 10.3390/v14112541 [doi] LID - 2541 AB - The world is now apparently at the last/recovery stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, starting from 29 December 2019, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). With the progression of time, several mutations have taken place in the original SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain, which have generated variants of concern (VOC). Therefore, combatting COVID-19 has required the development of COVID-19 vaccines using several platforms. The immunity induced by those vaccines is vital to study in order to assure total protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants. Indeed, understanding and identifying COVID-19 protection mechanisms or the host immune responses are of significance in terms of designing both new and repurposed drugs as well as the development of novel vaccines with few to no side effects. Detecting the immune mechanisms for host protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants is crucial for the development of novel COVID-19 vaccines as well as to monitor the effectiveness of the currently used vaccines worldwide. Immune memory in terms of the production of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) during reinfection is also very crucial to formulate the vaccine administration schedule/vaccine doses. The response of antigen-specific antibodies and NAbs as well as T cell responses, along with the protective cytokine production and the innate immunity generated upon COVID-19 vaccination, are discussed in the current review in comparison to the features of naturally induced protective immunity. FAU - Noor, Rashed AU - Noor R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4837-221X AD - Department of Life Sciences (DLS), School of Environment and Life Sciences (SELS), Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221117 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - *Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC9697230 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 pandemic OT - COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity OT - immune memory OT - neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) OT - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) OT - variants of concern (VOC) COIS- The author declares no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/29 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/17 CRDT- 2022/11/24 12:04 PHST- 2022/10/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/24 12:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v14112541 [pii] AID - viruses-14-02541 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v14112541 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2022 Nov 17;14(11):2541. doi: 10.3390/v14112541. PMID- 36421662 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221220 LR - 20221222 IS - 1470-8752 (Electronic) IS - 0300-5127 (Print) IS - 0300-5127 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Dec 16 TI - Humoral immunity and B-cell memory in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. PG - 1643-1658 LID - 10.1042/BST20220415 [doi] AB - Natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 induces a robust circulating memory B cell (Bmem) population, which remains stable in number at least 8 months post-infection despite the contraction of antibody levels after 1 month. Multiple vaccines have been developed to combat the virus. These include two new formulations, mRNA and adenoviral vector vaccines, which have varying efficacy rates, potentially related to their distinct capacities to induce humoral immune responses. The mRNA vaccines BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) elicit significantly higher serum IgG and neutralizing antibody levels than the adenoviral vector ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Janssen) vaccines. However, all vaccines induce Spike- and RBD-specific Bmem, which are vital in providing long-lasting protection in the form of rapid recall responses to subsequent infections. Past and current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoC) have shown the capacity to escape antibody neutralization to varying degrees. A booster dose with an mRNA vaccine following primary vaccination restores antibody levels and improves the capacity of these antibodies and Bmem to bind viral variants, including the current VoC Omicron. Future experimental research will be essential to evaluate the durability of protection against VoC provided by each vaccine and to identify immune markers of protection to enable prognostication of people who are at risk of severe complications from COVID-19. CI - (c) 2022 The Author(s). FAU - Fryer, Holly A AU - Fryer HA AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Hartley, Gemma E AU - Hartley GE AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Edwards, Emily S J AU - Edwards ESJ AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - O'Hehir, Robyn E AU - O'Hehir RE AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - van Zelm, Menno C AU - van Zelm MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4161-1919 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Biochem Soc Trans JT - Biochemical Society transactions JID - 7506897 RN - JT2NS6183B (Ad26COVS1) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Ad26COVS1 MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - Memory B Cells MH - Vaccination MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing PMC - PMC9788580 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - IgG OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory B cell OT - neutralizing antibody COIS- M.C.v.Z. and R.O.H. are inventors on a patent application related to generation of fluorescently labeled antigen tetramers used for flow cytometric analysis of antigen-specific B cells. The other authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the manuscript. EDAT- 2022/11/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/21 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/24 CRDT- 2022/11/24 09:56 PHST- 2022/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/24 09:56 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 232160 [pii] AID - BST-50-1643 [pii] AID - 10.1042/BST20220415 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biochem Soc Trans. 2022 Dec 16;50(6):1643-1658. doi: 10.1042/BST20220415. PMID- 36413270 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230428 LR - 20230428 IS - 2240-2993 (Electronic) IS - 0300-9009 (Print) IS - 0300-9009 (Linking) VI - 123 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Apr TI - Diagnostic challenges of functional neurological disorders after covid-19 disease or vaccination: case series and review of the literature. PG - 553-564 LID - 10.1007/s13760-022-02140-7 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Functional neurological disorders have rarely been described in patients recovering from Covid-19 or after vaccination but they are probably under diagnosed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six patients referred for rehabilitation of persistent symptoms and/or sequelae of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were diagnosed with functional neurological disorders. A literature review was conducted to identify reported cases of functional neurological disorders after Covid-19 infection or vaccination. RESULTS: In the current case series, patients diagnosed with functional neurological disorders presented high variability of clinical symptoms including hemiplegia, lower limb unilateral or bilateral paralysis, myoclonus, dystonia, tremor and sensory impairment. Four patients were young females with mild Covid-19 infection without hospital admission. Their neurological symptoms developed over the course of 4 weeks after the beginning of Covid-19 symptoms or vaccine administration with normal ancillary exams. One patient presented overlapping functional neurological symptoms and mild impairment of the left common peroneal nerve after prolonged ICU stay. In addition, all patients in our case series reported other non-motor symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive impairment and diffuse pain or dysesthesia, which are compatible with post Covid-19 condition. CONCLUSIONS: It is important that clinicians recognize functional neurological symptoms and consider it as a differential diagnosis in patients with neurological complications of Covid-19 infection and vaccination. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Belgian Neurological Society. FAU - Albu, Sergiu AU - Albu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8310-4208 AD - Fundacio Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitacio Adscrit a la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. salbu@guttmann.com. AD - Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Valles), Barcelona, Spain. salbu@guttmann.com. AD - Fundacio Institut d'Investigacio en Ciencies de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. salbu@guttmann.com. FAU - Valles, Margarita AU - Valles M AD - Fundacio Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitacio Adscrit a la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Valles), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Fundacio Institut d'Investigacio en Ciencies de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Kumru, Hatice AU - Kumru H AD - Fundacio Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitacio Adscrit a la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Valles), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Fundacio Institut d'Investigacio en Ciencies de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221121 PL - Italy TA - Acta Neurol Belg JT - Acta neurologica Belgica JID - 0247035 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/complications/prevention & control MH - Hemiplegia MH - *Dystonic Disorders MH - *Conversion Disorder MH - COVID-19 Testing PMC - PMC9685139 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Covid-19 OT - Functional neurological disorders OT - Post Covid-19 condition OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. EDAT- 2022/11/23 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/28 06:41 PMCR- 2022/11/24 CRDT- 2022/11/22 11:13 PHST- 2022/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/28 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/22 11:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s13760-022-02140-7 [pii] AID - 2140 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s13760-022-02140-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Neurol Belg. 2023 Apr;123(2):553-564. doi: 10.1007/s13760-022-02140-7. Epub 2022 Nov 21. PMID- 36412572 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221128 LR - 20221128 IS - 2058-7384 (Electronic) IS - 0394-6320 (Print) IS - 0394-6320 (Linking) VI - 36 DP - 2022 Jan-Dec TI - Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of vaccinated COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review. PG - 3946320221141802 LID - 10.1177/03946320221141802 [doi] LID - 03946320221141802 AB - OBJECTIVE: With the global epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), vaccination rates are increasing globally. This study evaluated the relevant clinical manifestations of vaccinated COVID-19 patients. METHODS: We searched carefully in 11 databases such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Ovid, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wan Fang Data, Sinomed, VIP Database, and Reading Showing Database up to 26 March 2022. To search for articles that have described the characteristics of vaccinated patients including epidemiological and clinical symptoms. Statistical analysis of the extracted data using STATA 14.0. RESULTS: A total of 58 articles and 263,708 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients were included. Most of the patients in the vaccinated group had more asymptomatic infection and fewer severe illnesses. There were significant differences in ethnicity, and strain infected with COVID-19, and comorbidities (hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, kidney disease, immunocompromised, cardiovascular disease, and tumor) and symptoms (fever, cough, gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological symptoms, and dysgeusia/anosmia) between vaccinated group and unvaccinated group. Oxygen support, use of steroid, days in hospital, hospital treatment, ICU treatment, death, and poor prognosis were also significantly different. CONCLUSION: Compared with the vaccinated group, patients in the unvaccinated group had a more severe clinical manifestations. Vaccines are also protective for infected people. FAU - Tian, Wen AU - Tian W AD - Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, 12638Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Ren, Xingxiang AU - Ren X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5140-1256 AD - Department of Endocrinology, 594822Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Han, Mei AU - Han M AD - Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, 47839Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Yuanyuan AU - Zhang Y AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, 12638Captital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Gao, Xu AU - Gao X AD - Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, 12638Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Zhihai AU - Chen Z AD - Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, 12638Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Wei AU - Zhang W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7148-4776 AD - Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, 12638Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review PL - England TA - Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol JT - International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology JID - 8911335 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases MH - China MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *Neoplasms MH - Research Design PMC - PMC9692180 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - clinical characteristics OT - epidemiological characteristics OT - meta-analysis OT - vaccine COIS- The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2022/11/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/24 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/22 CRDT- 2022/11/22 07:53 PHST- 2022/11/22 07:53 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_03946320221141802 [pii] AID - 10.1177/03946320221141802 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2022 Jan-Dec;36:3946320221141802. doi: 10.1177/03946320221141802. PMID- 36411332 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221130 LR - 20260307 IS - 1935-3456 (Electronic) IS - 1933-0219 (Print) IS - 1933-0219 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Jun TI - Mucosal immunization with a delta-inulin adjuvanted recombinant spike vaccine elicits lung-resident immune memory and protects mice against SARS-CoV-2. PG - 1405-1415 LID - 10.1038/s41385-022-00578-9 [doi] AB - Multiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates have been approved for use and have had a major impact on the COVID-19 pandemic. There remains, however, a significant need for vaccines that are safe, easily transportable and protective against infection, as well as disease. Mucosal vaccination is favored for its ability to induce immune memory at the site of infection, making it appealing for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine strategies. In this study we performed in-depth analysis of the immune responses in mice to a subunit recombinant spike protein vaccine formulated with the delta-inulin adjuvant Advax when administered intratracheally (IT), versus intramuscular delivery (IM). Both routes produced robust neutralizing antibody titers (NAb) and generated sterilizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2. IT delivery, however, produced significantly higher systemic and lung-local NAb that resisted waning up to six months post vaccination, and only IT delivery generated inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT), a site of lymphocyte antigen presentation and proliferation. This was coupled with robust and long-lasting lung tissue-resident memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells that were not observed in IM-vaccinated mice. This study provides a detailed view of the lung-resident cellular response to IT vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and demonstrates the importance of delivery site selection in the development of vaccine candidates. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Stewart, Erica L AU - Stewart EL AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Counoupas, Claudio AU - Counoupas C AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. FAU - Johansen, Matt D AU - Johansen MD AD - Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Nguyen, Duc H AU - Nguyen DH AD - Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Miemczyk, Stefan AU - Miemczyk S AD - Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Hansbro, Nicole G AU - Hansbro NG AD - Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Ferrell, Kia C AU - Ferrell KC AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Ashhurst, Anneliese AU - Ashhurst A AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. FAU - Alca, Sibel AU - Alca S AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Ashley, Caroline AU - Ashley C AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Steain, Megan AU - Steain M AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. FAU - Britton, Warwick J AU - Britton WJ AD - Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Hansbro, Philip M AU - Hansbro PM AD - Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Petrovsky, Nikolai AU - Petrovsky N AD - Vaxine Pty Ltd., Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5042, SA, Australia. FAU - Triccas, James A AU - Triccas JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3730-2339 AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. jamie.triccas@sydney.edu.au. AD - Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. jamie.triccas@sydney.edu.au. LA - eng GR - U01 AI061142/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272200800039C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201400053C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221121 PL - United States TA - Mucosal Immunol JT - Mucosal immunology JID - 101299742 RN - 9005-80-5 (Inulin) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic) SB - IM MH - Mice MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Inulin MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Pandemics MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Immunization MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - Vaccination MH - Adjuvants, Immunologic MH - Gastric Mucosa MH - Lung PMC - PMC9676795 COIS- N.P. is the research director for Vaxine P/L. All authors attest they meet the criteria for authorship. EDAT- 2022/11/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/01 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/31 CRDT- 2022/11/21 23:31 PHST- 2022/02/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/21 23:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1933-0219(22)01763-9 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41385-022-00578-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mucosal Immunol. 2022 Jun;15(6):1405-1415. doi: 10.1038/s41385-022-00578-9. Epub 2022 Nov 21. PMID- 36408294 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240907 IS - 1110-1083 (Print) IS - 1687-8329 (Electronic) IS - 1110-1083 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 1 DP - 2022 TI - SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox: what is common and what is not in a present pandemic versus a potential one-a neuropsychiatric narrative review. PG - 127 LID - 10.1186/s41983-022-00563-w [doi] LID - 127 AB - Pandemic represents challenging medical emergency as it is usually associated with high rates of mortalities and morbidities. Along the last 2 and half years the world has faced the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 pandemic that caught medical agencies and health authorities by surprise and costed more than half billion morbidities and 6 million mortalities. Unfortunately, the way developed countries contained the novel corona virus was unsatisfactory in means of early quarantines as well as obtaining and distributing an effective vaccine. This failure in management might have been responsible for the emergence of a new potential pandemic caused by monkeypox virus. Along the current review article, a detailed comparison is presented between corona virus and monkeypox virus based on virological characteristics, role of corona virus in monkeypox spread, pathogenesis, neuropsychiatric manifestations, and treatment and management. It is obvious that both viruses have a major role in causing various neuropsychiatric manifestations. Neurological manifestations are either bound directly to the virus spread to central and peripheral nervous system or secondary to triggering an immune reaction. Psychiatric ones are mostly related to stigmatization, isolation as well as changes that takes place in neurotransmitters and their metabolites within the nervous system. Dealing properly with monkeypox virus spread through previously learned lessons from corona virus might protect the world from a new pandemic. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. FAU - Roushdy, Tamer AU - Roushdy T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3123-9204 AD - Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Abbasia, Cairo, 11591 Egypt. GRID: grid.7269.a. ISNI: 0000 0004 0621 1570 LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221108 PL - England TA - Egypt J Neurol Psychiatr Neurosurg JT - The Egyptian journal of neurology, psychiatry and neurosurgery JID - 0043617 PMC - PMC9641303 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Coronavirus OT - Monkeypox virus OT - Mortality and morbidity OT - Neuropsychiatric manifestations OT - Pandemic OT - Quarantine OT - SARS-CoV-2 virus OT - Stigma OT - Virology COIS- Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/11/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/22 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/08 CRDT- 2022/11/21 04:50 PHST- 2022/08/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/21 04:50 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 563 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41983-022-00563-w [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Egypt J Neurol Psychiatr Neurosurg. 2022;58(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s41983-022-00563-w. Epub 2022 Nov 8. PMID- 36405692 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221122 LR - 20221122 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - SARS-CoV-2 infected children form early immune memory responses dominated by nucleocapsid-specific CD8+ T cells and antibodies. PG - 1033364 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033364 [doi] LID - 1033364 AB - This is the third year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and yet most children remain unvaccinated. COVID-19 in children manifests as mostly mild or asymptomatic, however high viral titers and strong cellular and humoral responses are observed upon acute infection. It is still unclear how long these responses persist, and if they can protect from re-infection and/or disease severity. Here, we analyzed immune memory responses in a cohort of children and adults with COVID-19. Important differences between children and adults are evident in kinetics and profile of memory responses. Children develop early N-specific cytotoxic T cell responses, that rapidly expand and dominate their immune memory to the virus. Children's anti-N, but not anti-S, antibody titers increase over time. Neutralization titers correlate with N-specific antibodies and CD8(+)T cells. However, antibodies generated by infection do not efficiently cross-neutralize variants Gamma or Delta. Our results indicate that mechanisms that protect from disease severity are possibly different from those that protect from reinfection, bringing novel insights for pediatric vaccine design. They also underline the importance of vaccination in children, who remain at risk for COVID-19 despite having been previously infected. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Lima, Fontoura, de Souza, Fazolo, Hilario, Zorzetto, Rodrigues Junior, Coimbra, Borin, Bispo-dos-Santos, Granja, Marques, Zavaglia, Fernandes, Varela, Polese-Bonatto, Tonini, Ikeda do Carmo, de Almeida, Borges, Nakaya, Proenca-Modena, Callegari-Jacques, Scotta, Stein and Bonorino. FAU - Lima, Karina AU - Lima K AD - Departamento de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Fontoura, Julia C AU - Fontoura JC AD - Departamento de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - de Souza, Priscila Oliveira AU - de Souza PO AD - Departamento de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Fazolo, Tiago AU - Fazolo T AD - Departamento de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Hilario, Gabriel AU - Hilario G AD - Departamento de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Zorzetto, Renata AU - Zorzetto R AD - Departamento de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Rodrigues Junior, Luiz C AU - Rodrigues Junior LC AD - Departamento de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Coimbra, Lais D AU - Coimbra LD AD - Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Borin, Alexandre AU - Borin A AD - Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Bispo-Dos-Santos, Karina AU - Bispo-Dos-Santos K AD - Laboratory of Emerging Viruses (LEVE), Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Granja, Fabiana AU - Granja F AD - Laboratory of Emerging Viruses (LEVE), Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil. AD - Biodiversity Research Centre, Federal University of Roraima (UFRR), Boa Vista, Brazil. FAU - Marques, Rafael Elias AU - Marques RE AD - Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira AU - Zavaglia GO AD - Social Responsibility - Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Unico de Saude (PROADI-SUS ), Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues AU - Fernandes IR AD - Social Responsibility - Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Unico de Saude (PROADI-SUS ), Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Varela, Fernanda Hammes AU - Varela FH AD - Social Responsibility - Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Unico de Saude (PROADI-SUS ), Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Polese-Bonatto, Marcia AU - Polese-Bonatto M AD - Social Responsibility - Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Unico de Saude (PROADI-SUS ), Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Tonini, Maiko Luis AU - Tonini ML AD - Coordenacao-Geral de Vigilancia das Doencas de Transmissao Respiratoria de Condicoes Cronicas, Departamento de Doencas de Condicoes Cronicas e IST, Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saude - Ministerio da Saude (CGDR/DCCI/SVS/MS)., Brasilia, Brazil. FAU - Ikeda do Carmo, Greice Madeleine AU - Ikeda do Carmo GM AD - Departamento de Imunizacoes e doencas transmissiveis, Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saude - Ministerio da Saude (DEIDT/SVS/MS), Brasilia, Brazil. FAU - de Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira AU - de Almeida WAF AD - Departamento de Imunizacoes e doencas transmissiveis, Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saude - Ministerio da Saude (DEIDT/SVS/MS), Brasilia, Brazil. FAU - Borges, Thiago J AU - Borges TJ AD - Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Nakaya, Helder I AU - Nakaya HI AD - Computational System Biology Laboratory (CSBL), Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Proenca-Modena, Jose Luiz AU - Proenca-Modena JL AD - Laboratory of Emerging Viruses (LEVE), Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil. AD - Hub of Global Health (HGH), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Callegari-Jacques, Sidia Maria AU - Callegari-Jacques SM AD - Departamento de Estatistica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato AU - Scotta MC AD - Social Responsibility - Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Unico de Saude (PROADI-SUS ), Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil. AD - Escola de Medicina, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Stein, Renato T AU - Stein RT AD - Social Responsibility - Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Unico de Saude (PROADI-SUS ), Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil. AD - Escola de Medicina, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Bonorino, Cristina AU - Bonorino C AD - Departamento de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil. AD - Department of Surgery, University of California at San Diego - UCSD, La Jolla, CA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221102 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - Child MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Immunologic Memory MH - *COVID-19 MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Nucleocapsid MH - Antibodies PMC - PMC9667737 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Memory T cell OT - N protein OT - antibodies OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - variants of concern COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/23 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/02 CRDT- 2022/11/21 04:03 PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/21 04:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033364 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Nov 2;13:1033364. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033364. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36399224 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230914 IS - 2193-8253 (Print) IS - 2193-6536 (Electronic) IS - 2193-6536 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Feb TI - Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Onset Following Acute COVID-19 Infection, a Case Series. PG - 319-327 LID - 10.1007/s40120-022-00418-9 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Acute COVID-19 infection has been associated with neurological involvement. We report a case series of newly diagnosed patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) developed in a short period of time after acute COVID-19 infection. METHODS: New MS patients developing initial symptoms shortly after an acute COVID-19 infection were diagnosed based on the 2017 McDonald Criteria [Garcia-Ramos et al. in Cells, 2021]. The patients diagnosed with NMOSD met the 2015 International Panel criteria for the diagnosis of NMOSD (IPDN) [Thompson et al. in Lancet Neurol 17:162-173, 2018]. RESULTS FROM THE MS PATIENT GROUP: Ten patients were included who had developed initial MS symptoms after COVID-19 infection. Gender distribution was equal (50% male). The mean age was 28 (range 17-39) years. Average time to neurological presentation was between 2 and 6 weeks following acute COVID-19 infection. Partial transverse myelitis was the initial presentation in 40% of the cases, and 60% of patients had spinal cord lesions present at the moment of diagnosis. All patients showed enhancing lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal bands was found in all six tested cases. The majority of patients (80%) were unvaccinated for COVID-19. The two vaccinated patients had received two doses of the monovalent COVID-19 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) (Pfizer Biotech) vaccine and no booster, a year prior to contracting COVID-19. RESULTS FROM THE NMOSD GROUP: Two patients with NMOSD were included. Positive aquoporin-4 protein antibody (AQP-4 Ab) was detected in serum in both cases [one Enzyme Linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and one cell based]. Both patients had mild COVID-19 infection prior to presentation, initial neurologic symptoms presented between 3 and 6 weeks after COVID-19 infection. Neither patients were vaccinated. Both responded partially to steroids, one developed a relapse 40 days after diagnosis. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 infection has been linked to several neurological and immune-driven conditions. This study suggests that in susceptible individuals, acute COVID-19 infection may act as a trigger for developing MS and NMOSD. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Avila, Mirla AU - Avila M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0605-9559 AD - Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA. mirla.avila@ttuhsc.edu. FAU - Tan, Yuanyuan AU - Tan Y AD - Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA. FAU - Hernandez, Roberto AU - Hernandez R AD - Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA. FAU - Zuberi, Hafsa AU - Zuberi H AD - Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA. FAU - Rivera, Victor M AU - Rivera VM AD - Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221118 PL - New Zealand TA - Neurol Ther JT - Neurology and therapy JID - 101637818 EIN - Neurol Ther. 2023 Apr;12(2):701. doi: 10.1007/s40120-023-00447-y. PMID: 36821074 PMC - PMC9672646 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Multiple sclerosis OT - Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder EDAT- 2022/11/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/19 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/18 CRDT- 2022/11/18 11:15 PHST- 2022/08/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/19 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/18 11:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40120-022-00418-9 [pii] AID - 418 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40120-022-00418-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Ther. 2023 Feb;12(1):319-327. doi: 10.1007/s40120-022-00418-9. Epub 2022 Nov 18. PMID- 36396447 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221121 LR - 20240908 IS - 2332-7812 (Electronic) IS - 2332-7812 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan TI - Longitudinal Postvaccine SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin G Titers, Memory B-Cell Responses, and Risk of COVID-19 in Multiple Sclerosis Over 1 Year. LID - 10.1212/NXI.0000000000200043 [doi] LID - e200043 AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Some disease-modifying treatments impair response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines in multiple sclerosis (MS), potentially increasing the risk of breakthrough infections. We aimed to investigate longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics and memory B cells after 2 and 3 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine doses and their association with the risk of COVID-19 in patients with MS on different treatments over 1 year. METHODS: Prospective observational cohort study in patients with MS undergoing SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations. Antispike (anti-S) immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers were measured by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay. Frequencies of spike-specific memory B cells were measured on polyclonal stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and screening of secreted antibodies by ELISA. RESULTS: We recruited 120 patients with MS (58 on anti-CD20 antibodies, 9 on sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators, 15 on cladribine, 24 on teriflunomide (TFL), and 14 untreated) and collected 392 samples up to 10.8 months after 2 vaccine doses. When compared with untreated patients, anti-CD20 antibodies (beta = -2.07, p < 0.001) and S1P modulators (beta = -2.02, p < 0.001) were associated with lower anti-S IgG, while TFL and cladribine were not. Anti-S IgG decreased with months since vaccine (beta = -0.14, p < 0.001), independently of treatments. Within anti-CD20 patients, anti-S IgG remained higher in those with greater baseline B-cell counts and were not influenced by postvaccine anti-CD20 infusions. Anti-S IgG increase after a 3rd vaccine was mild on anti-CD20 and S1P modulators. Spike-specific memory B-cell responses were weaker on S1P modulators and anti-CD20 than on TFL and influenced by postvaccine anti-CD20 infusions. The frequency of breakthrough infections was comparable between DMTs, but the risk of COVID-19 was predicted by the last measured anti-S IgG titer before infection (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.37-0.86, p = 0.008). DISCUSSION: Postvaccine anti-S IgG titers decrease over time regardless of MS treatment and are associated with breakthrough COVID-19. Both humoral and specific memory B-cell responses are diminished on S1P modulators. Within anti-CD20-treated patients, B-cell count at first vaccine determines anti-S IgG production, whereas postvaccine anti-CD20 infusions negatively affect spike-specific memory B cells. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. FAU - Disanto, Giulio AU - Disanto G AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Galante, Alice AU - Galante A AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Cantu', Marco AU - Cantu' M AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Sacco, Rosaria AU - Sacco R AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Mele, Federico AU - Mele F AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Eisler, Jennifer Jessica AU - Eisler JJ AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Keller, Franco AU - Keller F AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Bernasconi, Enos AU - Bernasconi E AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Sallusto, Federica AU - Sallusto F AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Zecca, Chiara AU - Zecca C AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Gobbi, Claudio AU - Gobbi C AD - From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.D., R.S., J.J.E., C.Z., C.G.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (A.G., F.M., F.S.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona; Institute of Laboratory Medicine (M.C., F.K.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona; Department of Medicine (E.B.), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (E.B., F.S., C.Z., C.G.), Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano; and Institute of Microbiology (F.S.), ETH Zurich, Switzerland. claudio.gobbi@eoc.ch. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221117 PL - United States TA - Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm JT - Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation JID - 101636388 RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 47M74X9YT5 (Cladribine) RN - 0 (Antigens, CD20) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *Multiple Sclerosis MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Cladribine MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - Prospective Studies MH - Antigens, CD20 MH - RNA, Messenger PMC - PMC9747147 EDAT- 2022/11/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/22 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/17 CRDT- 2022/11/17 21:52 PHST- 2022/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/17 21:52 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10/1/e200043 [pii] AID - NXI-2022-200050 [pii] AID - 10.1212/NXI.0000000000200043 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2022 Nov 17;10(1):e200043. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000200043. Print 2023 Jan. PMID- 36389829 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221121 LR - 20221122 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Pan-neutralizing, germline-encoded antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: Addressing the long-term problem of escape variants. PG - 1032574 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032574 [doi] LID - 1032574 AB - Despite the initially reported high efficacy of vaccines directed against ancestral SARS-CoV-2, repeated infections in both unvaccinated and vaccinated populations remain a major global health challenge. Because of mutation-mediated immune escape by variants-of-concern (VOC), approved neutralizing antibodies (neutAbs) effective against the original strains have been rendered non-protective. Identification and characterization of mutation-independent pan-neutralizing antibody responses are therefore essential for controlling the pandemic. Here, we characterize and discuss the origins of SARS-CoV-2 neutAbs, arising from either natural infection or following vaccination. In our study, neutAbs in COVID-19 patients were detected using the combination of two lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) tests, corroborated by plaque reduction neutralization testing (PRNT). A point-of-care neutAb LFIA, NeutraXpress, was validated using serum samples from historical pre-COVID-19 negative controls, patients infected with other respiratory pathogens, and PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients. Surprisingly, potent neutAb activity was mainly noted in patients generating both IgM and IgG against the Spike receptor-binding domain (RBD), in contrast to samples possessing anti-RBD IgG alone. We propose that low-affinity, high-avidity, germline-encoded natural IgM and subsequent generation of class-switched IgG may have an underappreciated role in cross-protection, potentially offsetting immune escape by SARS-CoV-2 variants. We suggest Reverse Vaccinology 3.0 to further exploit this innate-like defense mechanism. Our proposition has potential implications for immunogen design, and provides strategies to elicit pan-neutAbs from natural B1-like cells. Refinements in future immunization protocols might further boost long-term cross-protection, even at the mucosal level, against clinical manifestations of COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Lunderberg, Dutta, Collier, Lee, Hsu, Wang, Zheng, Hao, Zhang, Feng, Robson, Gao and Riedel. FAU - Lunderberg, Justin Mark AU - Lunderberg JM AD - Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Dutta, Sanjucta AU - Dutta S AD - Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Collier, Ai-Ris Y AU - Collier AY AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Lee, Jeng-Shin AU - Lee JS AD - AB Biosciences, Inc., Concord, MA, United States. FAU - Hsu, Yen-Ming AU - Hsu YM AD - AB Biosciences, Inc., Concord, MA, United States. FAU - Wang, Qiao AU - Wang Q AD - Shijiazhuang Hipro Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hebei, China. FAU - Zheng, Weina AU - Zheng W AD - Shijiazhuang Hipro Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hebei, China. FAU - Hao, Shushun AU - Hao S AD - Shijiazhuang Hipro Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hebei, China. FAU - Zhang, Haohai AU - Zhang H AD - Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Feng, Lili AU - Feng L AD - Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China. FAU - Robson, Simon C AU - Robson SC AD - Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Gao, Wenda AU - Gao W AD - Antagen Diagnostics, Inc., Canton, MA, United States. AD - Antagen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Canton, MA, United States. FAU - Riedel, Stefan AU - Riedel S AD - Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. LA - eng GR - 75N93019C00014/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93020C00042/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93022C00011/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20221028 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Neutralization Tests MH - *COVID-19 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Germ Cells MH - Immunoglobulin M PMC - PMC9650492 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell memory OT - B-1 B cells OT - IgM OT - Reverse Vaccinology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - somatic hypermutation OT - vaccines COIS- WG is employed by Antagen Diagnostics, Inc., which is the developer of DISCOVID and NeutraXpress. WG is also employed by company Antagen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. SCR is a scientific founder of Purinomia Biotech Inc and consults for eGenesis, AbbVie and SynLogic Inc; his interests are reviewed and managed by HMFP at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in accordance with the conflict-of-interest policies. Authors J-SL and Y-MH are employed by AB Biosciences, Inc. Authors WZ and SH are employed by Shijiazhuang Hipro Biotechnology Co. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/22 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/28 CRDT- 2022/11/17 12:45 PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/17 12:45 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032574 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Oct 28;13:1032574. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032574. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36389704 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221121 LR - 20240907 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Evaluation of humoral and cellular response to four vaccines against COVID-19 in different age groups: A longitudinal study. PG - 1021396 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1021396 [doi] LID - 1021396 AB - To date there has been limited head-to-head evaluation of immune responses to different types of COVID-19 vaccines. A real-world population-based longitudinal study was designed with the aim to define the magnitude and duration of immunity induced by each of four different COVID-19 vaccines available in Italy at the time of this study. Overall, 2497 individuals were enrolled at time of their first vaccination (T0). Vaccine-specific antibody responses induced over time by Comirnaty, Spikevax, Vaxzevria, Janssen Ad26.COV2.S and heterologous vaccination were compared up to six months after immunization. On a subset of Comirnaty vaccinees, serology data were correlated with the ability to neutralize a reference SARS-CoV-2 B strain, as well as Delta AY.4 and Omicron BA.1. The frequency of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and memory B cells induced by the four different vaccines was assessed six months after the immunization. We found that mRNA vaccines are stronger inducer of anti-Spike IgG and B-memory cell responses. Humoral immune responses are lower in frail elderly subjects. Neutralization of the Delta AY.4 and Omicron BA.1 variants is severely impaired, especially in older individuals. Most vaccinees display a vaccine-specific T-cell memory six months after the vaccination. By describing the immunological response during the first phase of COVID-19 vaccination campaign in different cohorts and considering several aspects of the immunological response, this study allowed to collect key information that could facilitate the implementation of effective prevention and control measures against SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Fedele, Trentini, Schiavoni, Abrignani, Antonelli, Baldo, Baldovin, Bandera, Bonura, Clerici, De Paschale, Fortunato, Gori, Grifantini, Icardi, Lazzarotto, Lodi, Mastroianni, Orsi, Prato, Restivo, Carsetti, Piano Mortari, Leone, Olivetta, Fiore, Di Martino, Brusaferro, Merler, Palamara and Stefanelli. FAU - Fedele, Giorgio AU - Fedele G AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Trentini, Filippo AU - Trentini F AD - Center for Health Emergencies, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy. AD - Dondena Centre for Research on Social Dynamics and Public Policy, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy. FAU - Schiavoni, Ilaria AU - Schiavoni I AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Abrignani, Sergio AU - Abrignani S AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Padiglione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Antonelli, Guido AU - Antonelli G AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Baldo, Vincenzo AU - Baldo V AD - Laboratory of Hygiene and Applied Microbiology, Hygiene and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. FAU - Baldovin, Tatjana AU - Baldovin T AD - Laboratory of Hygiene and Applied Microbiology, Hygiene and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. FAU - Bandera, Alessandra AU - Bandera A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bonura, Filippa AU - Bonura F AD - Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Clerici, Pierangelo AU - Clerici P AD - Microbiology Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Ovest Milanese, Milan, Italy. FAU - De Paschale, Massimo AU - De Paschale M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fortunato, Francesca AU - Fortunato F AD - Hygiene Unit, Policlinico Riuniti Foggia Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FAU - Gori, Andrea AU - Gori A AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Grifantini, Renata AU - Grifantini R AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Padiglione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy. FAU - Icardi, Giancarlo AU - Icardi G AD - Hygiene Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, and Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Lazzarotto, Tiziana AU - Lazzarotto T AD - Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. AD - Section of Microbiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Lodi, Vittorio AU - Lodi V AD - Occupational Health Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Mastroianni, Claudio Maria AU - Mastroianni CM AD - Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Orsi, Andrea AU - Orsi A AD - Hygiene Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, and Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FAU - Prato, Rosa AU - Prato R AD - Hygiene Unit, Policlinico Riuniti Foggia Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FAU - Restivo, Vincenzo AU - Restivo V AD - Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - B Cell Lab, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AD - B Cell Lab, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Leone, Pasqualina AU - Leone P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Olivetta, Eleonora AU - Olivetta E AD - National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fiore, Stefano AU - Fiore S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Martino, Angela AU - Di Martino A AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Brusaferro, Silvio AU - Brusaferro S AD - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Merler, Stefano AU - Merler S AD - Center for Health Emergencies, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy. FAU - Palamara, Anna Teresa AU - Palamara AT AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. FAU - Stefanelli, Paola AU - Stefanelli P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221031 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - JT2NS6183B (Ad26COVS1) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *Viral Vaccines MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Ad26COVS1 MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9661524 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B-cell memory OT - COVID-19 OT - cell-mediated immunity OT - serology OT - vaccines COIS- The authors declare that in this study the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/22 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/31 CRDT- 2022/11/17 12:43 PHST- 2022/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/17 12:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1021396 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Oct 31;13:1021396. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1021396. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36385449 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230208 LR - 20230419 IS - 1440-1819 (Electronic) IS - 1323-1316 (Print) IS - 1323-1316 (Linking) VI - 77 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb TI - Neuropsychiatric aspects of long COVID: A comprehensive review. PG - 84-93 LID - 10.1111/pcn.13508 [doi] AB - Although some patients have persistent symptoms or develop new symptoms following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, neuropsychiatric aspects of long COVID are not well known. This review summarizes and provides an update on the neuropsychiatric dimensions of long COVID. Its neuropsychiatric manifestations commonly include fatigue, cognitive impairment, sleep disorders, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. There are no specific tests for long COVID, but some characteristic findings such as hypometabolism on positron emission tomography have been reported. The possible mechanisms of long COVID include inflammation, ischemic effects, direct viral invasion, and social and environmental changes. Some patient characteristics and the severity and complications of acute COVID-19 infection may be associated with an increased risk of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Long COVID may resolve spontaneously or persist, depending on the type of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Although established treatments are lacking, various psychological and pharmacological treatments have been attempted. Vaccination against COVID-19 infection plays a key role in the prevention of long coronavirus disease. With differences among the SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the omicron variant, the aspects of long COVID are likely to change in the future. Further studies clarifying the aspects of long COVID to develop effective treatments are warranted. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology. FAU - Kubota, Takafumi AU - Kubota T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3632-9679 AD - Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan. AD - Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. FAU - Kuroda, Naoto AU - Kuroda N AD - Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. FAU - Sone, Daichi AU - Sone D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9617-706X AD - Department of Psychiatry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221212 PL - Australia TA - Psychiatry Clin Neurosci JT - Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences JID - 9513551 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Anxiety Disorders PMC - PMC10108156 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - long COVID OT - neurology OT - post COVID-19 condition OT - psychiatry EDAT- 2022/11/18 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/09 06:00 PMCR- 2023/04/17 CRDT- 2022/11/17 11:04 PHST- 2022/10/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/17 11:04 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PCN13508 [pii] AID - 10.1111/pcn.13508 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023 Feb;77(2):84-93. doi: 10.1111/pcn.13508. Epub 2022 Dec 12. PMID- 36378539 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221223 LR - 20260127 IS - 2379-3708 (Electronic) IS - 2379-3708 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 24 DP - 2022 Dec 22 TI - Bamlanivimab therapy for acute COVID-19 does not blunt SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cell responses. LID - 10.1172/jci.insight.163471 [doi] LID - e163471 AB - Despite the widespread use of SARS-CoV-2-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy for the treatment of acute COVID-19, the impact of this therapy on the development of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses has been unknown, resulting in uncertainty as to whether anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAb administration may result in failure to generate immune memory. Alternatively, it has been suggested that SARS-CoV-2-specific mAb may enhance adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 via a "vaccinal effect." Bamlanivimab (Eli Lilly and Company) is a recombinant human IgG1 that was granted FDA emergency use authorization for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in those at high risk for progression to severe disease. Here, we compared SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses of 95 individuals from the ACTIV-2/A5401 clinical trial 28 days after treatment with bamlanivimab versus placebo. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses were evaluated using activation-induced marker assays in conjunction with intracellular cytokine staining. We demonstrate that most individuals with acute COVID-19 developed SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses. Overall, our findings suggest that the quantity and quality of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell memory were not diminished in individuals who received bamlanivimab for acute COVID-19. Receipt of bamlanivimab during acute COVID-19 neither diminished nor enhanced SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immunity. FAU - Ramirez, Sydney I AU - Ramirez SI AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Parikh, Urvi M AU - Parikh UM AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Heaps, Amy AU - Heaps A AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Faraji, Farhoud AU - Faraji F AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Sieg, Scott F AU - Sieg SF AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. FAU - Ritz, Justin AU - Ritz J AD - Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Moser, Carlee AU - Moser C AD - Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Eron, Joseph J AU - Eron JJ AD - Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Currier, Judith S AU - Currier JS AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. FAU - Klekotka, Paul AU - Klekotka P AD - Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, California, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Wohl, David A AU - Wohl DA AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. FAU - Daar, Eric S AU - Daar ES AD - Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA. FAU - Hughes, Michael D AU - Hughes MD AD - Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Chew, Kara W AU - Chew KW AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. FAU - Smith, Davey M AU - Smith DM AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. CN - Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines-2/A5401 (ACTIV-2/A5401) Study Team LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04518410 GR - UM1 AI069423/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069501/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069424/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069432/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068634/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI068636/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI069424/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068636/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI007036/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00065/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221222 PL - United States TA - JCI Insight JT - JCI insight JID - 101676073 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 45I6OFJ8QH (bamlanivimab) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - Memory T Cells MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing PMC - PMC9869965 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive immunity OT - COVID-19 OT - Immunology COIS- Conflict of interest: JSC has consulted for Merck and Company. PK is an employee and shareholder of Eli Lilly and Company. AS is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, Arcturus Therapeutics, ImmunoScape, CellCarta, Avalia Immunotherapies, Moderna, Fortress Biotech, Repertoire Immune Medicines, and AstraZeneca. KWC has received research funding to the institution from Merck Sharp & Dohme. DMS has consulted for and has equity stake in Linear Therapies, Model Medicines, and Vx Biosciences and has consulted for Bayer, Kiadis, Signant Health, and Brio Clinical. SC has consulted for GlaxoSmithKline, JPMorgan Chase, Citi, Morgan Stanley, Avalia Immunotherapies, Nutcracker Therapeutics, University of California, California State Universities, United Airlines, Adagio, and Roche. AS is the inventor on patent application no. 63/012,902, submitted by the La Jolla Institute for Immunology, that covers the use of the megapools and peptides thereof for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. EDAT- 2022/11/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/22 CRDT- 2022/11/15 12:03 PHST- 2022/07/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/15 12:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 163471 [pii] AID - 10.1172/jci.insight.163471 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JCI Insight. 2022 Dec 22;7(24):e163471. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.163471. PMID- 36367067 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221202 IS - 1738-6586 (Print) IS - 2005-5013 (Electronic) IS - 1738-6586 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Nov TI - AI-CoV Study: Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated With COVID-19 and Its Vaccines-A Systematic Review. PG - 692-710 LID - 10.3988/jcn.2022.18.6.692 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an underexplored condition. This study aims to systematically review the clinico-investigational and pathophysiologic aspects of COVID-19 and its vaccines in association with AIE, and identify the factors predicting neurological severity and outcomes. METHODS: Relevant data sources were searched using appropriate search terms on January 15, 2022. Studies meeting the criteria for AIE having a temporal association with COVID-19 or its vaccines were included. RESULTS: Out of 1,894 citations, we included 61 articles comprising 88 cases: 71 of COVID-19-associated AIE, 3 of possible Bickerstaff encephalitis, and 14 of vaccine-associated AIE.There were 23 definite and 48 possible seronegative AIE cases. Anti-NMDAR (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; n=12, 16.9%) was the most common definite AIE. Males were more commonly affected (sex ratio=1.63) in the AIE subgroup. The neurological symptoms included alteredmental state (n=53, 74.6%), movement disorders (n=28, 39.4%), seizures (n=24, 33.8%), behavioural (n=25, 35.2%), and speech disturbances (n=17, 23.9%). The median latency to AIE diagnosis was 14 days (interquartile range=4-22 days). Female sex and ICU admission had higherrisks of sequelae, with odds ratio (OR) of 2.925 (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.005-8.516)and 3.515 (95% CI=1.160-10.650), respectively. Good immunotherapy response was seen in42/48 (87.5%) and 13/13 (100%) of COVID-19-associated and vaccine-associated AIE patients, respectively. Sequelae were reported in 22/60 (36.7%) COVID-19 associated and 10/13 (76.9%) vaccine-associated cases. CONCLUSIONS: The study has revealed diagnostic, therapeutic, and pathophysiological aspects of AIE associated with COVID-19 and its vaccines, and its differences from postinfectious AIE. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration number CRD42021299215. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Korean Neurological Association. FAU - Samim, M M AU - Samim MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3367-1455 AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. FAU - Dhar, Debjyoti AU - Dhar D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4835-4698 AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. deb.dhar.india@gmail.com. FAU - Goyal, Sheetal AU - Goyal S AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. FAU - Dey, Treshita AU - Dey T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7795-3596 AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Parvin, Naznin AU - Parvin N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7951-5183 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Shah, Rutul D AU - Shah RD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4475-3413 AD - Department of Neurology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India. FAU - Singh, Vikram AU - Singh V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4891-1404 AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. FAU - Chowdhury, Sampurna AU - Chowdhury S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5010-7565 AD - Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Lal, Bhavesh Mohan AU - Lal BM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5554-3342 AD - Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Varghese, Nibu AU - Varghese N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1818-2899 AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. FAU - Gohel, Abhishek AU - Gohel A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7847-4551 AD - Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. FAU - Chowdhury, Abhishek AU - Chowdhury A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7948-6936 AD - Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. FAU - Chatterjee, Aritra AU - Chatterjee A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5318-3459 AD - Centre For Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. FAU - Siddiqui, Shahyan AU - Siddiqui S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8887-6546 AD - Consultant Neuroradiologist, Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, STAT Institute of Neurosciences, Hyderabad, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Korea (South) TA - J Clin Neurol JT - Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) JID - 101252374 PMC - PMC9669562 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - autoimmune encephalitis OT - postinfectious encephalitis COIS- The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2022/11/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/12 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/01 CRDT- 2022/11/11 04:42 PHST- 2022/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/11 04:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 18.692 [pii] AID - 10.3988/jcn.2022.18.6.692 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Neurol. 2022 Nov;18(6):692-710. doi: 10.3988/jcn.2022.18.6.692. PMID- 36366936 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230210 LR - 20230323 IS - 1468-1331 (Electronic) IS - 1351-5101 (Print) IS - 1351-5101 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Mar TI - Functional disorders as a common motor manifestation of COVID-19 infection or vaccination. PG - 678-691 LID - 10.1111/ene.15630 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There have been over 500 million confirmed cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), across the globe. To date, a broad spectrum of neurological manifestations following acute infections as well as COVID-19 vaccines have been reported. The aim of this study was to describe the spectrum of neurological manifestations seen in the 'COVID-19 clinic' established in a tertiary Movement Disorders clinic. METHODS: In this consecutive case-series study over the period March 2020-January 2022, clinical information regarding demographic data, clinical history and examination findings, investigation results and video recordings of outpatients with motor manifestations associated with COVID-19 infection or vaccination were reviewed. RESULTS: Twenty-one adult patients were reviewed in this ad hoc clinic at Toronto Western Hospital. The majority of the patients were female (76%) and the mean (range) age was 50.7 +/- 17.2 (21-80) years. Nine patients (43%) presented with motor manifestations following COVID-19 infection. Twelve patients (57%) developed neurological symptoms following at least one dose of the mRNA or viral vector-based COVID-19 vaccine. The most common manifestation observed was a functional movement disorder (43%). The vaccine group demonstrated a higher number of functional disorders compared to the infection group (58% vs. 22%; p = 0.08). CONCLUSION: Functional motor manifestations can be associated with COVID-19 and are likely to be under-reported. In view of the co-existence of functional symptoms, movement disorders and mental health conditions observed in this study, we would advocate the use of dedicated COVID-19 Neurology clinics with full access to an experienced multidisciplinary team. CI - (c) 2022 European Academy of Neurology. FAU - Fung, Wilson K W AU - Fung WKW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7169-4175 AD - Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Sa'di, Qais AU - Sa'di Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3499-4483 AD - Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Katzberg, Hans AU - Katzberg H AD - Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Chen, Robert AU - Chen R AD - Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Lang, Anthony E AU - Lang AE AD - Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Cheung, Angela M AU - Cheung AM AD - Department of Medicine, UHN, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Fasano, Alfonso AU - Fasano A AD - Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. AD - Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221208 PL - England TA - Eur J Neurol JT - European journal of neurology JID - 9506311 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM CIN - Eur J Neurol. 2023 Feb;30(2):560-561. doi: 10.1111/ene.15639. PMID: 36404130 MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/complications/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Movement Disorders MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/adverse effects PMC - PMC9878181 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - functional OT - movement disorders OT - vaccine COIS- None relevant to this work. EDAT- 2022/11/12 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/11 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/08 CRDT- 2022/11/11 03:32 PHST- 2022/10/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/11 03:32 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ENE15630 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ene.15630 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Neurol. 2023 Mar;30(3):678-691. doi: 10.1111/ene.15630. Epub 2022 Dec 8. PMID- 36366384 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231102 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 11 DP - 2022 Nov 7 TI - A Social Cognitive Theory Approach to Understanding Parental Attitudes and Intentions to Vaccinate Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10111876 [doi] LID - 1876 AB - The distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine represents a path towards global health after a worldwide pandemic. Yet, the U.S. response to the vaccination rollout has been politically polarized. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the contextual factors that influence parents' attitudes towards health officials and their intention to vaccinate children, focusing on communication behaviors, personal factors, and geographic locations. We use Bandura's triadic reciprocal determinism (TRD) model which posits reciprocal influence between personal factors, environmental factors, and behaviors. We found that personal factors (having younger children and identifying as Republican partisans), and the behavioral factor of conservative news use were significantly related to more negative attitudes towards health officials and lower vaccination intentions. Conversely, Democrats and liberal news use were significantly related to warmer attitudes and greater vaccination intentions. The environmental factor of geographic location across four states with different partisan dynamics was not significantly related to attitudes and behavioral intentions. Results from a post-hoc analysis show that news media use and partisanship were the strongest correlates of parents' attitudes towards health officials. This evidence points to the politicization of the COVID-19 vaccine being a key consideration regarding vaccine uptake. FAU - Zhu, Ying AU - Zhu Y AD - College of Communication and Information, Kent State University, 318 University Library, 1125 Risman Drive, Kent, OH 44242, USA. FAU - Beam, Michael AU - Beam M AD - School of Emerging Media & Technology, Kent State University, 550 Hilltop Drive, Kent, OH 44242, USA. FAU - Ming, Yue AU - Ming Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5682-9817 AD - College of Communication and Information, Kent State University, 318 University Library, 1125 Risman Drive, Kent, OH 44242, USA. FAU - Egbert, Nichole AU - Egbert N AD - School of Communication Studies, Kent State University, P.O. Box 5190, Kent, OH 44242, USA. FAU - Smith, Tara C AU - Smith TC AD - College of Public Health, Kent State University, 800 Hilltop Drive, Kent, OH 44242, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221107 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9697026 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - child vaccination OT - political polarization OT - social cognitive theory OT - survey methods COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/12 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/07 CRDT- 2022/11/11 01:55 PHST- 2022/09/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/11 01:55 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10111876 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-01876 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10111876 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Nov 7;10(11):1876. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111876. PMID- 36366318 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221127 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 11 DP - 2022 Oct 27 TI - Differential Kinetics of Effector and Memory Responses Induced by Three Doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine in a Cohort of Healthcare Workers. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10111809 [doi] LID - 1809 AB - We reported the long-term kinetics of immune response after vaccination and evaluated the immunogenicity after a third dose of mRNA vaccine in 86 healthcare workers. Humoral response was analyzed by measuring anti-spike IgG and SARS-CoV-2 NTAbs titer; cell-mediated response was measured as frequency of IFN-gamma producing T-cells and cell proliferation. Memory B cells secreting SARS-CoV-2 RBD-IgG were measured by B-spot assay. At three weeks after the third dose (T4), the frequency of subjects showing NT-Abs titer at the upper detection limit (>/=640) was significantly higher than that observed at three weeks after the second dose (26/77; 33.7% vs. 9/77; 11.6%; p = 0.0018). Additionally, at T4, all the subjects reached positive levels of T-cell mediated response (median 110 SFU/10(6) PBMC, IQR 73-231). While the number of IFNgamma-producing T-cells decreased between second and third dose administration, the T-cell proliferative response did not decrease but was sustained during the follow-up. Among T-cell subsets, a higher proliferative response was observed in CD4+ than in CD8+ population. Moreover, even if a decline in antibody response was observed between the second and third dose, a sustained persistence of memory B cells was observed. Subsequently, the third dose did not affect the frequency of memory B cells, while it restored or increased the peak antibody levels detected after the second dose. FAU - Bergami, Federica AU - Bergami F AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Arena, Francesca AU - Arena F AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Sammartino, Jose Camilla AU - Sammartino JC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3707-3118 AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Ferrari, Alessandro AU - Ferrari A AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Zavaglio, Federica AU - Zavaglio F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5471-1711 AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Zelini, Paola AU - Zelini P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4913-0012 AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Paolucci, Stefania AU - Paolucci S AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Comolli, Giuditta AU - Comolli G AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. AD - Experimental Research Laboratories, Biotechnology Area, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Percivalle, Elena AU - Percivalle E AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Lilleri, Daniele AU - Lilleri D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7747-7622 AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Cassaniti, Irene AU - Cassaniti I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3385-2088 AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Baldanti, Fausto AU - Baldanti F AD - Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostics and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. LA - eng GR - 72821/Ministero della Salute/ GR - 80206/Ministero della Salute/ GR - 101003650-ATAC/European Commission/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221027 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9695246 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - healthcare workers OT - immune response COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/12 06:01 PMCR- 2022/10/27 CRDT- 2022/11/11 01:55 PHST- 2022/09/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/10/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/11 01:55 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10111809 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-01809 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10111809 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Oct 27;10(11):1809. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111809. PMID- 36362684 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221117 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 21 DP - 2022 Oct 31 TI - Characteristics of Long COVID: Cases from the First to the Fifth Wave in Greater Tokyo, Japan. LID - 10.3390/jcm11216457 [doi] LID - 6457 AB - PURPOSE: Approximately 25-60% of COVID-19 patients develop long-term sequelae of the condition known as long COVID. This study aimed to examine sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of long COVID in Japan. METHODS: The data of long COVID patients, defined as those who were symptomatic after 28 days from onset, were collected in an outpatient clinic in Tokyo, Japan between 6 January 2020 and 2 October 2021 (N = 1891). Information on age, sex, employment, infection waves, vaccination, impairment in activities of daily living, and symptoms were obtained from electronic medical records. We used linear regression to analyze the association of patients characteristics with performance status. RESULTS: The mean number of days from onset was 77.6 (SD: 71.3). Female, those who had their work hours reduced, on leave, dismissed or retired or not working, were associated with lower performance status. Fatigue, depressive symptom, brain fog, dyspnea, palpitation, body pain, loss of appetite, fever-but not headache, insomnia, loss of smell, loss of taste, hair loss, or cough-were associated with the lower performance status. CONCLUSION: Sex and employment status were associated with lower performance status in long COVID patients. Studies are needed to elucidate the full picture of the characteristics of long COVID patients. FAU - Hirahata, Kouichi AU - Hirahata K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4305-6368 AD - Hirahata Clinic, Tokyo 150-0002, Japan. FAU - Nawa, Nobutoshi AU - Nawa N AD - Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan. FAU - Fujiwara, Takeo AU - Fujiwara T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1074-3954 AD - Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221031 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC9654540 OTO - NOTNLM OT - activities of daily living OT - long COVID OT - performance status COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/12 06:01 PMCR- 2022/10/31 CRDT- 2022/11/11 01:31 PHST- 2022/10/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/10/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/11 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm11216457 [pii] AID - jcm-11-06457 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm11216457 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2022 Oct 31;11(21):6457. doi: 10.3390/jcm11216457. PMID- 36354024 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230105 LR - 20241207 IS - 2222-1751 (Electronic) IS - 2222-1751 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Structural insights into broadly neutralizing antibodies elicited by hybrid immunity against SARS-CoV-2. PG - 2146538 LID - 10.1080/22221751.2022.2146538 [doi] LID - 2146538 AB - ABSTRACTIncreasing spread by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants challenges existing vaccines and broadly reactive neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against COVID-19. Here we determine the diversity, potency, breadth and structural insights of bNAbs derived from memory B cells of BNT162b2-vaccinee after homogeneous Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection. The infection activates diverse memory B cell clonotypes for generating potent class I/II and III bNAbs with new epitopes mapped to the receptor-binding domain (RBD). The top eight bNAbs neutralize wildtype and BA.1 potently but display divergent IgH/IgL sequences and neuralization profiles against other variants of concern (VOCs). Two of them (P2D9 and P3E6) belonging to class III NAbs display comparable potency against BA.4/BA.5, although structural analysis reveals distinct modes of action. P3E6 neutralizes all variants tested through a unique bivalent interaction with two RBDs. Our findings provide new insights into hybrid immunity on BNT162b2-induced diverse memory B cells in response to Omicron breakthrough infection for generating diverse bNAbs with distinct structural basis. FAU - Luo, Mengxiao AU - Luo M AD - AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhou, Biao AU - Zhou B AD - AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Reddem, Eswar R AU - Reddem ER AD - Zuckerman Mind Brain Behaviour Institute, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Tang, Bingjie AU - Tang B AD - Division of Life Science, Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Chen, Bohao AU - Chen B AD - AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhou, Runhong AU - Zhou R AD - AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Hang AU - Liu H AD - Division of Life Science, Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Lihong AU - Liu L AD - Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Katsamba, Phinikoula S AU - Katsamba PS AD - Zuckerman Mind Brain Behaviour Institute, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Au, Ka-Kit AU - Au KK AD - AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Man, Hiu-On AU - Man HO AD - AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang AU - To KK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1921-5824 AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Health@InnoHK, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yuen, Kwok-Yung AU - Yuen KY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2083-1552 AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Health@InnoHK, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. FAU - Shapiro, Lawrence AU - Shapiro L AD - Zuckerman Mind Brain Behaviour Institute, New York, NY, USA. AD - Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Dang, Shangyu AU - Dang S AD - Division of Life Science, Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. AD - HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, People's Republic of China. FAU - Ho, David D AU - Ho DD AD - Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Chen, Zhiwei AU - Chen Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4511-2888 AD - AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Health@InnoHK, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Emerg Microbes Infect JT - Emerging microbes & infections JID - 101594885 RN - 0 (Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - Adaptive Immunity MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics PMC - PMC9817130 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - broadly neutralizing antibody OT - hybrid immunity OT - memory B cell OT - structural basis of antibody COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2022/11/11 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/06 06:00 PMCR- 2023/01/03 CRDT- 2022/11/10 05:22 PHST- 2022/11/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/10 05:22 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2146538 [pii] AID - 10.1080/22221751.2022.2146538 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Emerg Microbes Infect. 2023 Dec;12(1):2146538. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2146538. PMID- 36353634 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221111 LR - 20240907 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - In-silico evaluation of adenoviral COVID-19 vaccination protocols: Assessment of immunological memory up to 6 months after the third dose. PG - 998262 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998262 [doi] LID - 998262 AB - BACKGROUND: The immune response to adenoviral COVID-19 vaccines is affected by the interval between doses. The optimal interval is unknown. AIM: We aim to explore in-silico the effect of the interval between vaccine administrations on immunogenicity and to analyze the contribution of pre-existing levels of antibodies, plasma cells, and memory B and T lymphocytes. METHODS: We used a stochastic agent-based immune simulation platform to simulate two-dose and three-dose vaccination protocols with an adenoviral vaccine. We identified the model's parameters fitting anti-Spike antibody levels from individuals immunized with the COVID-19 vaccine AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S, Vaxzevria). We used several statistical methods, such as principal component analysis and binary classification, to analyze the correlation between pre-existing levels of antibodies, plasma cells, and memory B and T cells to the magnitude of the antibody response following a booster dose. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We find that the magnitude of the antibody response to a booster depends on the number of pre-existing memory B cells, which, in turn, is highly correlated to the number of T helper cells and plasma cells, and the antibody titers. Pre-existing memory T cytotoxic cells and antibodies directly influence antigen availability hence limiting the magnitude of the immune response. The optimal immunogenicity of the third dose is achieved over a large time window, spanning from 6 to 16 months after the second dose. Interestingly, after any vaccine dose, individuals can be classified into two groups, sustainers and decayers, that differ in the kinetics of decline of their antibody titers due to differences in long-lived plasma cells. This suggests that the decayers may benefit from a tailored boosting schedule with a shorter interval to avoid the temporary loss of serological immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Stolfi, Castiglione, Mastrostefano, Di Biase, Di Biase, Palmieri and Prisco. FAU - Stolfi, Paola AU - Stolfi P AD - Institute for Applied Computing, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy. FAU - Castiglione, Filippo AU - Castiglione F AD - Institute for Applied Computing, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy. FAU - Mastrostefano, Enrico AU - Mastrostefano E AD - Institute for Applied Computing, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Biase, Immacolata AU - Di Biase I AD - MeriGen Res, Naples, Italy. FAU - Di Biase, Sebastiano AU - Di Biase S AD - MeriGen Res, Naples, Italy. FAU - Palmieri, Gianna AU - Palmieri G AD - Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Naples, Italy. FAU - Prisco, Antonella AU - Prisco A AD - Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221024 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Vaccination MH - Adenoviridae/genetics PMC - PMC9639861 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adenoviral COVID-19 vaccine OT - agent-based modeling (ABM) OT - anti-vector immunity OT - booster OT - immunological memory OT - in silico OT - simulation COIS- Authors IDB and SDB were employed by company MeriGen Res. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/24 CRDT- 2022/11/10 02:24 PHST- 2022/07/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/10 02:24 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998262 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Oct 24;13:998262. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998262. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36353624 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221115 LR - 20221222 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Short-term safety and immunogenicity of inactivated and peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with endocrine-related cancer. PG - 1028246 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028246 [doi] LID - 1028246 AB - BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to explore the short-term safety and immunogenicity of inactivated and peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with endocrine-related cancer (ER). METHODS: Eighty-eight patients with ER cancer and 82 healthy controls who had completed a full course of inactivated or peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were recruited. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded. Responses to receptor-binding domain IgG antibody (anti-RBD-IgG), neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and RBD+ memory B cells (MBCs) were evaluated. RESULTS: Approximately 26.14% (23/88) of patients with ER cancer reported AEs within 7 days, which was comparable to that reported by healthy controls (24.39%, 20/82). Both the overall seroprevalence of anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs was obviously lower in the cancer group (70.45% vs. 86.59%, P < 0.05; 69.32% vs. 82.93%, P < 0.05, respectively). Anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs titers exhibited similar results, and dropped gradually over time. Patients with ongoing treatment had an attenuated immune response, especially in patients receiving active chemotherapy. The frequency of overall RBD+ MBCs was similar between the two groups, but the percentage of active MBCs was remarkably reduced in patients with ER cancer. Unlike antibody titers, MBCs responses were relatively constant over time. CONCLUSION: Inactivated and peptide-based COVID-19 vaccines were well tolerated, but with lower immunogenicity for ER cancer patients. More intensive antibody monitoring and timely booster immunization is recommended for patients with ER cancer presenting disordered subpopulations of RBD+ MBCs. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Song, Liu, Pan, Liu, Tan, Deng, Deng, Lin, Chen, Peng, Ren and Ming. FAU - Song, Rui AU - Song R AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Liu, Li AU - Liu L AD - Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Pan, Qingbo AU - Pan Q AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Liu, Jin AU - Liu J AD - Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yibin, Sichuan, China. FAU - Tan, Jiahe AU - Tan J AD - Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Deng, Juan AU - Deng J AD - Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Deng, Qin AU - Deng Q AD - Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Lin, Zijin AU - Lin Z AD - Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Min AU - Chen M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Peng, Mingli AU - Peng M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ren, Hong AU - Ren H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ming, Jia AU - Ming J AD - Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221024 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Peptides) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - *Neoplasms/chemically induced MH - Peptides MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Seroepidemiologic Studies MH - Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC9637626 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-COV-2 OT - cancer OT - memory B cells OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/24 CRDT- 2022/11/10 02:24 PHST- 2022/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/10 02:24 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028246 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Oct 24;13:1028246. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028246. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36352067 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221116 IS - 2730-664X (Electronic) IS - 2730-664X (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Nov 2 TI - Vaccines against the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 provide T cell memory to the B.1.1.529 variant. PG - 140 LID - 10.1038/s43856-022-00203-7 [doi] LID - 140 AB - BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.529 potentially escapes immunity from vaccination via a heavily mutated Spike protein. Here, we analyzed whether T cell memory towards the B.1.1.529 Spike protein is present in individuals who received two or three doses of vaccines designed against the original Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: PBMCs were isolated from two- and three-times vaccinated study participants and incubated in vitro with peptide pools of the Spike protein derived from sequences of the original Wuhan or the B.1.1.529 strains of SARS-CoV-2. Activated antigen-specific T cells were detected by flow cytometry. In silico analyses with NetMHCpan and NetMHCIIpan were used to determine differences in MHC class presentation between the original strain and the B.1.1.529 strain for the most common MHCs in the European-Caucasian population. RESULTS: Here we show, that both CD4 and CD8 responses to the B.1.1.529 Spike protein are marginally reduced compared to the ancestor protein and a robust T cell response is maintained. Epitope analyses reveal minor differences between the two SARS-CoV-2 strains in terms of MHC class presentations for the MHC-alleles being most common in the European-Caucasian population. CONCLUSIONS: The memory T cell response induced via first generation vaccination remains robust and is mostly unaffected by B.1.1.529 mutations. Correspondingly, in silico analyses of MHC presentation of epitopes derived from the B.1.1.529 Spike protein shows marginal differences compared to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Dornte, Charlyn AU - Dornte C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7417-4658 AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Traska, Verena AU - Traska V AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Jansen, Nicole AU - Jansen N AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Kostyra, Julia AU - Kostyra J AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Baurmann, Herrad AU - Baurmann H AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Lauer, Gereon AU - Lauer G AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Huang, Yi-Ju AU - Huang YJ AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Kramer, Sven AU - Kramer S AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Brauns, Olaf AU - Brauns O AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Winkels, Holger AU - Winkels H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1333-2031 AD - Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Schmitz, Jurgen AU - Schmitz J AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Dose, Christian AU - Dose C AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Richter, Anne AU - Richter A AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. FAU - Schuster, Marc AU - Schuster M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1724-7889 AD - Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 68, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. marcsch@miltenyi.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221102 PL - England TA - Commun Med (Lond) JT - Communications medicine JID - 9918250414506676 PMC - PMC9629766 OAB - Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 results in the production of proteins called antibodies, that bind and inactivate the virus, and cells that help to eliminate it from the body in a future encounter, such as memory T cells. Both antibodies and memory T cells remain in the body after vaccination with memory T cells being present for longer than antibodies. Here, we determined that even though most of the first generation vaccines were created to prevent infection with the original SARS-CoV-2 virus, the memory T cells generated by this vaccination can also detect the omicron variant. OABL- eng COIS- C.D., V.T., N.J., J.K., H.B., G.L., Y.H., S.K., O.B., J.S., C.Do, A.R. and M.S. are employees of Miltenyi Biotec. No competing interest exists for the remaining author, H.W. EDAT- 2022/11/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/10 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/02 CRDT- 2022/11/09 23:40 PHST- 2022/03/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/09 23:40 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/10 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s43856-022-00203-7 [pii] AID - 203 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s43856-022-00203-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Commun Med (Lond). 2022 Nov 2;2(1):140. doi: 10.1038/s43856-022-00203-7. PMID- 36350613 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230118 LR - 20230128 IS - 1362-4962 (Electronic) IS - 0305-1048 (Print) IS - 0305-1048 (Linking) VI - 51 IP - D1 DP - 2023 Jan 6 TI - LitCovid in 2022: an information resource for the COVID-19 literature. PG - D1512-D1518 LID - 10.1093/nar/gkac1005 [doi] AB - LitCovid (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/coronavirus/)-first launched in February 2020-is a first-of-its-kind literature hub for tracking up-to-date published research on COVID-19. The number of articles in LitCovid has increased from 55 000 to approximately 300 000 over the past 2.5 years, with a consistent growth rate of approximately 10 000 articles per month. In addition to the rapid literature growth, the COVID-19 pandemic has evolved dramatically. For instance, the Omicron variant has now accounted for over 98% of new infections in the United States. In response to the continuing evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic, this article describes significant updates to LitCovid over the last 2 years. First, we introduced the long Covid collection consisting of the articles on COVID-19 survivors experiencing ongoing multisystemic symptoms, including respiratory issues, cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, and profound fatigue. Second, we provided new annotations on the latest COVID-19 strains and vaccines mentioned in the literature. Third, we improved several existing features with more accurate machine learning algorithms for annotating topics and classifying articles relevant to COVID-19. LitCovid has been widely used with millions of accesses by users worldwide on various information needs and continues to play a critical role in collecting, curating and standardizing the latest knowledge on the COVID-19 literature. CI - Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research 2022. FAU - Chen, Qingyu AU - Chen Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6036-1516 AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA. FAU - Allot, Alexis AU - Allot A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2706-9054 AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA. FAU - Leaman, Robert AU - Leaman R AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA. FAU - Wei, Chih-Hsuan AU - Wei CH AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA. FAU - Aghaarabi, Elaheh AU - Aghaarabi E AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA. AD - Towson University, Towson, MD, USA. FAU - Guerrerio, John J AU - Guerrerio JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6547-9137 AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA. AD - Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA. FAU - Xu, Lilly AU - Xu L AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA. AD - Land O' Lakes High School, FL, USA. FAU - Lu, Zhiyong AU - Lu Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9998-916X AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - England TA - Nucleic Acids Res JT - Nucleic acids research JID - 0411011 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM EIN - Nucleic Acids Res. 2023 Jan 11;51(1):500. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac1243. PMID: 36537196 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Pandemics MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - United States MH - *Databases, Bibliographic PMC - PMC9825538 EDAT- 2022/11/10 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/12 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/09 CRDT- 2022/11/09 11:33 PHST- 2022/10/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/09 11:33 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6814452 [pii] AID - gkac1005 [pii] AID - 10.1093/nar/gkac1005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nucleic Acids Res. 2023 Jan 6;51(D1):D1512-D1518. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac1005. PMID- 36345695 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230809 LR - 20230810 IS - 1758-0854 (Electronic) IS - 1758-0846 (Print) IS - 1758-0854 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Aug TI - Why some people do not get vaccinated against COVID-19: Social-cognitive determinants of vaccination behavior. PG - 825-845 LID - 10.1111/aphw.12411 [doi] AB - It is puzzling that a sizeable percentage of people refuse to get vaccinated against COVID-19. This study aimed to examine social psychological factors influencing their vaccine hesitancy. This longitudinal study traced a cohort of 2663 individuals in 25 countries from the time before COVID-19 vaccines became available (March 2020) to July 2021, when vaccination was widely available. Multilevel logistic regressions were used to examine determinants of actual COVID-19 vaccination behavior by July 2021, with country-level intercept as random effect. Of the 2663 participants, 2186 (82.1%) had been vaccinated by July 2021. Participants' attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines was the strongest predictor of both vaccination intention and subsequent vaccination behavior (p < .001). Perceived risk of getting infected and perceived personal disturbance of infection were also associated with higher likelihood of getting vaccinated (p < .001). However, religiosity, right-wing political orientation, conspiracy beliefs, and low trust in government regarding COVID-19 were negative predictors of vaccination intention and behavior (p < .05). Our findings highlight the importance of attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines and also suggest that certain life-long held convictions that predate the pandemic make people distrustful of their government and likely to accept conspiracy beliefs and therefore less likely to adopt the vaccination behavior. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Association of Applied Psychology. FAU - Han, Qing AU - Han Q AD - Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Zheng, Bang AU - Zheng B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1814-6692 AD - Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. AD - Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Abakoumkin, Georgios AU - Abakoumkin G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1671-3561 AD - Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece. FAU - Leander, N Pontus AU - Leander NP AD - Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. AD - Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. FAU - Stroebe, Wolfgang AU - Stroebe W AD - Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221108 PL - England TA - Appl Psychol Health Well Being JT - Applied psychology. Health and well-being JID - 101502957 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Intention MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9877847 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - longitudinal study OT - social psychological predictors OT - vaccination behavior OT - vaccine hesitancy COIS- All authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/09 06:00 MHDA- 2023/08/09 06:43 PMCR- 2022/11/08 CRDT- 2022/11/08 03:22 PHST- 2022/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/09 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/08 03:22 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - APHW12411 [pii] AID - 10.1111/aphw.12411 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2023 Aug;15(3):825-845. doi: 10.1111/aphw.12411. Epub 2022 Nov 8. PMID- 36341425 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221110 LR - 20260928 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Humoral and cellular immune responses to CoronaVac up to one year after vaccination. PG - 1032411 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032411 [doi] LID - 1032411 AB - Coronavac is a widely used SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine, but its long-term immune response assessment is still lacking. We evaluated SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses, including T cell activation markers, antigen-specific cytokine production and antibody response following vaccination in 53 adult and elderly individuals participating in a phase 3 clinical trial. Activated follicular helper T (Tfh), non-Tfh and memory CD4(+) T cells were detected in almost all subjects early after the first vaccine dose. Activated memory CD4(+) T cells were predominantly of central and effector memory T cell phenotypes and were sustained for at least 6 months. We also detected a balanced Th1-, Th2- and Th17/Th22-type cytokine production that was associated with response over time, together with particular cytokine profile linked to poor responses in older vaccinees. SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG levels peaked 14 days after the second dose and were mostly stable over one year. CoronaVac was able to induce a potent and durable antiviral antigen-specific cellular response and the cytokine profiles related to the response over time and impacted by the senescence were defined. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Costa, Correia, Marmorato, Dias, Thomazella, Cabral da Silva, de Oliveira, Gusmao, Ferrari, Freitas, Patino, Grifoni, Weiskopf, Sette, Scharf, Kallas and Silveira. FAU - Costa, Priscilla Ramos AU - Costa PR AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Correia, Carolina Argondizo AU - Correia CA AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Marmorato, Mariana Prado AU - Marmorato MP AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Dias, Juliana Zanatta de Carvalho AU - Dias JZC AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Thomazella, Mateus Vailant AU - Thomazella MV AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Cabral da Silva, Amanda AU - Cabral da Silva A AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira, Ana Carolina Soares AU - de Oliveira ACS AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Gusmao, Arianne Fagotti AU - Gusmao AF AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Ferrari, Lilian AU - Ferrari L AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Freitas, Angela Carvalho AU - Freitas AC AD - Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Clinicas Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Patino, Elizabeth Gonzalez AU - Patino EG AD - Center for Clinical Trials and Pharmacovigilance Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, United States. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, United States. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, United States. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States. FAU - Scharf, Rami AU - Scharf R AD - PATH, Washington, DC, United States. FAU - Kallas, Esper Georges AU - Kallas EG AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Clinicas Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Silveira, Cassia Gisele Terrassani AU - Silveira CGT AD - Medical Investigation Laboratory 60 (LIM-60), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 75N93019C00065/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - INV-021239/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States PT - Clinical Trial, Phase III PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221021 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2022 Jul 07:2022.03.16.22272513. doi: 10.1101/2022.03.16.22272513. PMID: 35821982 MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cytokines MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9634255 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CoronaVac OT - cellular response OT - humoral response OT - immune memory OT - vaccination COIS- Employees of Fundacao Butantan and Instituto Butantan participated in the clinical trial design and data collection. Author AS is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, ImmunoScape, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Avalia, Fortress, Repertoire, Gilead, Gerson Lehrman Group, RiverVest, MedaCorp, and Guggenheim. The La Jolla Institute (LJI) has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/08 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/21 CRDT- 2022/11/07 05:18 PHST- 2022/08/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/07 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032411 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Oct 21;13:1032411. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032411. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36339206 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221108 LR - 20230120 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2022 TI - Mental health and chest CT scores mediate the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination status and seroconversion time: A cross-sectional observational study in B.1.617.2 (Delta) infection patients. PG - 974848 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.974848 [doi] LID - 974848 AB - BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, which has been ongoing for more than 2 years, has become one of the largest public health issues. Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is one of the most important interventions to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic. Our objective is to investigate the relationship between vaccination status and time to seroconversion. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study during the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 outbreak in Jiangsu, China. Participants who infected with the B.1.617.2 variant were enrolled. Cognitive performance, quality of life, emotional state, chest computed tomography (CT) score and seroconversion time were evaluated for each participant. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA, univariate and multivariate regression analyses, Pearson correlation, and mediation analysis. RESULTS: A total of 91 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 37.3, 25.3, and 37.3% were unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated, respectively. Quality of life was impaired in 30.7% of patients, especially for mental component summary (MCS) score. Vaccination status, subjective cognitive decline, and depression were risk factors for quality-of-life impairment. The chest CT score mediated the relationship of vaccination status with the MCS score, and the MCS score mediated the relationship of the chest CT score with time to seroconversion. CONCLUSION: Full immunization course with an inactivated vaccine effectively lowered the chest CT score and improved quality of life in hospitalized patients. Vaccination status could influence time to seroconversion by affecting CT score and MCS score indirectly. Our study emphasizes the importance of continuous efforts in encouraging a full vaccination course. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Zhang, Chen, Dai, Lu, Li, Yi, Fu, Li, Liu, Liufu, Long and Zhang. FAU - Zhang, Wen AU - Zhang W AD - Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. AD - Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Chen, Qian AU - Chen Q AD - Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. AD - Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Dai, Jinghong AU - Dai J AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. FAU - Lu, Jiaming AU - Lu J AD - Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. AD - Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Li, Jie AU - Li J AD - Department of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. FAU - Yi, Yongxiang AU - Yi Y AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. FAU - Fu, Linqing AU - Fu L AD - Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. FAU - Li, Xin AU - Li X AD - Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. FAU - Liu, Jiani AU - Liu J AD - Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. FAU - Liufu, Jinlong AU - Liufu J AD - Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. FAU - Long, Cong AU - Long C AD - Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zhang, Bing AU - Zhang B AD - Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. AD - Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221019 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Pandemics MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Seroconversion MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Mental Health MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Quality of Life MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9627027 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B.1.617.2 Delta variant OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - mental health OT - seroconversion time OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/08 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/19 CRDT- 2022/11/07 04:41 PHST- 2022/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/07 04:41 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.974848 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 19;10:974848. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.974848. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36330560 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230607 LR - 20230613 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Print) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Jun TI - Adenovirus vector and mRNA vaccines: Mechanisms regulating their immunogenicity. PG - e2250022 LID - 10.1002/eji.202250022 [doi] AB - Replication-incompetent adenovirus (Ad) vector and mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) constructs represent two modular vaccine platforms that have attracted substantial interest over the past two decades. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the rapid development of multiple successful vaccines based on these technologies, there is now clear real-world evidence of the utility and efficacy of these platforms. Considerable optimization and refinement efforts underpin the successful application of these technologies. Despite this, our understanding of the specific pathways and processes engaged by these vaccines to stimulate the immune response remains incomplete. This review will synthesize our current knowledge of the specific mechanisms by which CD8(+) T cell and antibody responses are induced by each of these vaccine platforms, and how this can be impacted by specific vaccine construction techniques. Key gaps in our knowledge are also highlighted, which can hopefully focus future studies. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. European Journal of Immunology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Provine, Nicholas M AU - Provine NM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9694-2216 AD - Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Klenerman, Paul AU - Klenerman P AD - Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. LA - eng GR - 222426/Z/21/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20221120 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *mRNA Vaccines MH - Pandemics MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Genetic Vectors/genetics MH - Adenoviridae/genetics PMC - PMC9877955 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - adenovirus vector OT - cellular memory OT - innate response OT - mRNA vaccines COIS- P.K. is a named inventor on a patent application in the field of cancer vaccines. N.P. declares no commercial or financial conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/05 06:00 MHDA- 2023/06/07 06:42 PMCR- 2022/11/20 CRDT- 2022/11/04 02:42 PHST- 2022/09/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/07 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/04 02:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EJI5398 [pii] AID - 10.1002/eji.202250022 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2023 Jun;53(6):e2250022. doi: 10.1002/eji.202250022. Epub 2022 Nov 20. PMID- 36312209 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240909 IS - 0960-0779 (Print) IS - 0960-0779 (Electronic) IS - 0960-0779 (Linking) VI - 165 DP - 2022 Dec TI - The impact of a power law-induced memory effect on the SARS-CoV-2 transmission. PG - 112790 LID - 10.1016/j.chaos.2022.112790 [doi] AB - It is well established that COVID-19 incidence data follows some power law growth pattern. Therefore, it is natural to believe that the COVID-19 transmission process follows some power law. However, we found no existing model on COVID-19 with a power law effect only in the disease transmission process. Inevitably, it is not clear how this power law effect in disease transmission can influence multiple COVID-19 waves in a location. In this context, we developed a completely new COVID-19 model where a force of infection function in disease transmission follows some power law. Furthermore, different realistic epidemiological scenarios like imperfect social distancing among home-quarantined individuals, disease awareness, vaccination, treatment, and possible reinfection of the recovered population are also considered in the model. Applying some recent techniques, we showed that the proposed system converted to a COVID-19 model with fractional order disease transmission, where order of the fractional derivative ( alpha ) in the force of infection function represents the memory effect in disease transmission. We studied some mathematical properties of this newly formulated model and determined the basic reproduction number ( R0 ). Furthermore, we estimated several epidemiological parameters of the newly developed fractional order model (including memory index alpha ) by fitting the model to the daily reported COVID-19 cases from Russia, South Africa, UK, and USA, respectively, for the time period March 01, 2020, till December 01, 2021. Variance-based Sobol's global sensitivity analysis technique is used to measure the effect of different important model parameters (including alpha ) on the number of COVID-19 waves in a location ( WC ). Our findings suggest that alpha along with the average transmission rate of the undetected (symptomatic and asymptomatic) cases in the community ( beta1 ) are mainly influencing multiple COVID-19 waves in those four locations. Numerically, we identified the regions in the parameter space of alpha and beta1 for which multiple COVID-19 waves are occurring in those four locations. Furthermore, our findings suggested that increasing memory effect in disease transmission ( alpha --> 0) may decrease the possibility of multiple COVID-19 waves and as well as reduce the severity of disease transmission in those four locations. Based on all the results, we try to identify a few non-pharmaceutical control strategies that may reduce the risk of further SARS-CoV-2 waves in Russia, South Africa, UK, and USA, respectively. CI - (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Sk, Tahajuddin AU - Sk T AD - Department of Mathematics, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Kolkata, India. FAU - Biswas, Santosh AU - Biswas S AD - Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India. FAU - Sardar, Tridip AU - Sardar T AD - Department of Mathematics, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Kolkata, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221025 PL - England TA - Chaos Solitons Fractals JT - Chaos, solitons, and fractals JID - 100971564 PMC - PMC9595307 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mathematical model OT - Multiple epidemic waves OT - Power law disease transmission OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/11/01 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/01 06:01 PMCR- 2022/10/25 CRDT- 2022/10/31 04:35 PHST- 2022/05/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/10/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/01 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/31 04:35 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0960-0779(22)00969-9 [pii] AID - 112790 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chaos.2022.112790 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Chaos Solitons Fractals. 2022 Dec;165:112790. doi: 10.1016/j.chaos.2022.112790. Epub 2022 Oct 25. PMID- 36304475 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221031 LR - 20221031 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Comparing the B and T cell-mediated immune responses in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving mRNA or inactivated COVID-19 vaccines. PG - 1018393 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1018393 [doi] LID - 1018393 AB - Acquiring protective immunity through vaccination is essential, especially for patients with type 2 diabetes who are vulnerable for adverse clinical outcomes during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with immune dysfunction. Here, we evaluated the impact of T2D on the immunological responses induced by mRNA (BNT162b2) and inactivated (CoronaVac) vaccines, the two most commonly used COVID-19 vaccines. The study consisted of two parts. In Part 1, the sera titres of IgG antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) alpha receptor binding domain (RBD), their neutralizing capacity, and antigen-specific CD4(+)T and CD8(+)T cell responses at 3-6 months after vaccination were compared between BNT162b2 (n=60) and CoronaVac (n=50) vaccinees with or without T2D. Part 2 was a time-course study investigating the initial B and T cell responses induced by BNT162b2 among vaccinees (n=16) with or without T2D. Our data showed that T2D impaired both cellular and humoral immune responses induced by CoronaVac. For BNT162b2, T2D patients displayed a reduction in CD4(+)T-helper 1 (Th1) differentiation following their first dose. However, this initial defect was rectified by the second dose of BNT162b2, resulting in comparable levels of memory CD4(+) and CD8(+)T cells, anti-RBD IgG, and neutralizing antibodies with healthy individuals at 3-6 months after vaccination. Hence, T2D influences the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines depending on their platform. Our findings provide a potential mechanism for the susceptibility of developing adverse outcomes observed in COVID-19 patients with T2D and received either CoronaVac or just one dose of BNT162b2. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Lee, Gray, Teo, Tam, Fong, Lui, Pang, Chan, Hung, Tan and Ling. FAU - Lee, Chi-Ho AU - Lee CH AD - Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Gray, Victor AU - Gray V AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Teo, Jia Ming Nickolas AU - Teo JMN AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Tam, Anthony Raymond AU - Tam AR AD - Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Fong, Carol Ho-Yi AU - Fong CH AD - Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Lui, David Tak-Wai AU - Lui DT AD - Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Pang, Polly AU - Pang P AD - Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Chan, Kwok Hung AU - Chan KH AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Hung, Ivan Fan-Ngai AU - Hung IF AD - Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Tan, Kathryn Choon-Beng AU - Tan KC AD - Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Ling, Guang Sheng AU - Ling GS AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221011 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (RNA, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - RNA, Messenger MH - *Viral Vaccines MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - RNA, Viral MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunoglobulin G PMC - PMC9592994 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - CoronaVac OT - immunological memory response OT - type 2 diabetes COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/01 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/11 CRDT- 2022/10/28 02:51 PHST- 2022/08/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/28 02:51 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1018393 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Oct 11;13:1018393. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1018393. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36302216 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221115 LR - 20221116 IS - 2222-1751 (Electronic) IS - 2222-1751 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec TI - Risk factors and preventive interventions for post Covid-19 condition: systematic review. PG - 2762-2780 LID - 10.1080/22221751.2022.2140612 [doi] AB - This systematic review examined pre-existing and clinical risk factors for post Covid-19 condition (>/=12 weeks after onset), and interventions during acute and post-acute phases of illness that could potentially prevent post Covid-19 condition. The review focuses on studies collecting data during the early phases of the pandemic and prior to the emergence of variants of concern and widespread vaccination. We searched bibliographic databases and grey literature. Two investigators independently reviewed abstracts and full-text articles, and data extraction and risk of bias assessments were verified. Meta-analysis was performed when suitable and we assessed the certainty of evidence using GRADE. We included 31 studies. We found small-to-moderate associations (e.g. adjusted odds ratios 1.5 to <2.0) between female sex and higher non-recovery, fatigue, and dyspnea (moderate certainty). Severe or critical acute-phase Covid-19 severity (versus not) has probably (moderate certainty) a large association (adjusted ratio >/=2.0) with increased cognitive impairment, a small-to-moderate association with more non-recovery, and a little-to-no association with dyspnea. There may be (low certainty) large associations between hospitalization and increased non-recovery, increased dyspnea, and reduced return to work. Other outcomes had low certainty of small-to-moderate or little-to-no association or very low certainty. Several potential preventive interventions were examined, but effects are very uncertain. Guidelines in relation to surveillance, screening, and other services such as access to sickness and disability benefits, might need to focus on females and those with previously severe Covid-19 illness. Continuous assessment of emerging evidence, especially on whether different variants and vaccination impact outcomes, will be important. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021270354. FAU - Pillay, Jennifer AU - Pillay J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6086-7229 AD - Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence (ARCHE), Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. FAU - Rahman, Sholeh AU - Rahman S AD - Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence (ARCHE), Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. FAU - Guitard, Samantha AU - Guitard S AD - Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence (ARCHE), Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. FAU - Wingert, Aireen AU - Wingert A AD - Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence (ARCHE), Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. FAU - Hartling, Lisa AU - Hartling L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8341-3991 AD - Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence (ARCHE), Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review PL - United States TA - Emerg Microbes Infect JT - Emerging microbes & infections JID - 101594885 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - Vaccination MH - Risk Factors MH - Dyspnea PMC - PMC9665097 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Post COVID-19 condition OT - interventions OT - prevention OT - risk factors OT - systematic review COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2022/10/28 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/11 CRDT- 2022/10/27 16:12 PHST- 2022/10/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/27 16:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2140612 [pii] AID - 10.1080/22221751.2022.2140612 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Emerg Microbes Infect. 2022 Dec;11(1):2762-2780. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2140612. PMID- 36299916 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221028 IS - 2333-7214 (Print) IS - 2333-7214 (Electronic) IS - 2333-7214 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2022 Jan-Dec TI - Caregiving for People With Dementia or Cognitive Impairment During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review. PG - 23337214221132369 LID - 10.1177/23337214221132369 [doi] LID - 23337214221132369 AB - The COVID-19 pandemic has been a major source of stress for informal caregivers for people with dementia. Studies show the unique challenges caregivers face, such as social isolation, extended work hours, and adherence to public health guidelines. We conducted a narrative review of factors impacting well-being of informal caregivers of older adults with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sixty-four papers were identified as published between June 2020 and December 2021. All studies were conducted in the U.S. or other Western countries and were cross-sectional and conducted prior to COVID-19 vaccines. Articles highlighted increasing burdens such as financial and physical stress, as well as worsened psychological well-being from anxiety and depression. Protective factors such as social support and telehealth interventions also emerged. Limitations include lack of longitudinal information to identify broader themes on caregiving during the pandemic. Studies not only identified new, pandemic-related risk factors, but also a heightened effect of pre-existing risk factors (e.g., income, living situation) on caregiver burden. CI - (c) 2022 The Author(s). FAU - Chyu, Joanna AU - Chyu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8451-2809 AD - University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA. FAU - Cantu, Philip AU - Cantu P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1072-3195 AD - University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA. FAU - Mehta, Neil AU - Mehta N AD - University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA. FAU - Markides, Kyriakos AU - Markides K AD - University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221020 PL - United States TA - Gerontol Geriatr Med JT - Gerontology & geriatric medicine JID - 101662571 PMC - PMC9585366 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - caregiving OT - cognitive impairment OT - dementia OT - psychological well-being COIS- The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2022/10/28 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/28 06:01 PMCR- 2022/10/20 CRDT- 2022/10/27 02:38 PHST- 2022/05/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/27 02:38 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/28 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_23337214221132369 [pii] AID - 10.1177/23337214221132369 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2022 Oct 20;8:23337214221132369. doi: 10.1177/23337214221132369. eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec. PMID- 36298626 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230308 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 10 DP - 2022 Oct 20 TI - Effector-Memory B-Lymphocytes and Follicular Helper T-Lymphocytes as Central Players in the Immune Response in Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Populations against SARS-CoV-2. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10101761 [doi] LID - 1761 AB - Vaccines have been recognized as having a central role in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic; however, most vaccine development research is focused on IgG-induced antibodies. Here, we analyzed the generation of IgGs related to SARS-CoV-2 and the changes in B- and T-lymphocyte proportions following vaccination against COVID-19. We included samples from 69 volunteers inoculated with the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2), Astra Zeneca (AZD1222 Covishield), or Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac) vaccines. IgGs related to SARS-CoV-2 increased after the first vaccine dose compared with the nonvaccinated group (Pfizer, p = 0.0001; Astra Zeneca, p < 0.0001; Sputnik V, p = 0.0089). The results of the flow cytometry analysis of B- and T-lymphocytes showed a higher proportion of effector-memory B-lymphocytes in both first and second doses when compared with the nonvaccinated subjects. FcRL4+ cells were increased in second-dose-vaccinated COVID-19(-) and recovered COVID-19(+) participants when compared with the nonvaccinated participants. COVID-19(-) participants showed a lower proportion of follicular helper T-lymphocytes (TFH) in the second dose when compared with the first-vaccine-dose and nonvaccinated subjects. In conclusion, after the first vaccine dose, immunization against SARS-CoV-2 induces IgG production, and this could be mediated by TFH and effector-memory B-lymphocytes. Our data can be used in the design of vaccine schedules to evaluate immuno-bridging from a cellular point of view. FAU - Islas-Vazquez, Lorenzo AU - Islas-Vazquez L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5960-5715 AD - Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana Foundation", Mexico City 06800, Mexico. FAU - Cruz-Aguilar, Marisa AU - Cruz-Aguilar M AD - Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana Foundation", Mexico City 06800, Mexico. FAU - Velazquez-Soto, Henry AU - Velazquez-Soto H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7405-4875 AD - Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana Foundation", Mexico City 06800, Mexico. FAU - Jimenez-Corona, Aida AU - Jimenez-Corona A AD - Department of Ocular Epidemiology, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana Foundation", Mexico City 06800, Mexico. AD - Health Secretariat, General Directorate of Epidemiology, Mexico City 01480, Mexico. FAU - Perez-Tapia, Sonia Mayra AU - Perez-Tapia SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2818-8522 AD - Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigacion en Bioterapeuticos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico. AD - Laboratorio Nacional para Servicios Especializados de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion (I+D+i) para Farmoquimicos y Biotecnologicos, LANSEIDI-FarBiotec-CONACyT, Mexico City 11340, Mexico. AD - Departamento de Inmunologia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico. FAU - Jimenez-Martinez, Maria C AU - Jimenez-Martinez MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3982-9097 AD - Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana Foundation", Mexico City 06800, Mexico. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico. LA - eng GR - N/A/Institute of Ophthalmology/ GR - N/A/Departamento de Bioquimica, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221020 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9607383 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B-lymphocytes OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - follicular helper T-lymphocytes (TFH) OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/28 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/28 06:01 PMCR- 2022/10/20 CRDT- 2022/10/27 01:58 PHST- 2022/09/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/10/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/27 01:58 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/28 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10101761 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-01761 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10101761 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Oct 20;10(10):1761. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10101761. PMID- 36296416 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221028 LR - 20221207 IS - 1420-3049 (Electronic) IS - 1420-3049 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 20 DP - 2022 Oct 12 TI - Elucidation of Binding Features and Dissociation Pathways of Inhibitors and Modulators in SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Multiple Molecular Dynamics Simulations. LID - 10.3390/molecules27206823 [doi] LID - 6823 AB - COVID-19 can cause different neurological symptoms in some people, including smell, inability to taste, dizziness, confusion, delirium, seizures, stroke, etc. Owing to the issue of vaccine effectiveness, update and coverage, we still need one or more diversified strategies as the backstop to manage illness. Characterizing the structural basis of ligand recognition in the main protease (M(pro)) of SARS-CoV-2 will facilitate its rational design and development of potential drug candidates with high affinity and selectivity against COVID-19. Up to date, covalent-, non-covalent inhibitors and allosteric modulators have been reported to bind to different active sites of M(pro). In the present work, we applied the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to systematically characterize the potential binding features of catalytic active site and allosteric binding sites in M(pro) using a dataset of 163 3D structures of M(pro)-inhibitor complexes, in which our results are consistent with the current studies. In addition, umbrella sampling (US) simulations were used to explore the dissociation processes of substrate pathway and allosteric pathway. All the information provided new insights into the protein features of M(pro) and will facilitate its rational drug design for COVID-19. FAU - Xu, Lei AU - Xu L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4095-6539 AD - Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China. FAU - Xie, Liangxu AU - Xie L AD - Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China. FAU - Zhang, Dawei AU - Zhang D AD - Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China. FAU - Xu, Xiaojun AU - Xu X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6380-698X AD - Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China. LA - eng GR - 81803430/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221012 PL - Switzerland TA - Molecules JT - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 100964009 RN - EC 3.4.22.- (3C-like proteinase, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (Ligands) RN - 0 (Protease Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Viral Nonstructural Proteins) RN - EC 3.4.22.28 (Coronavirus 3C Proteases) RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Molecular Dynamics Simulation MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Ligands MH - Protease Inhibitors/chemistry MH - Viral Nonstructural Proteins/metabolism MH - Coronavirus 3C Proteases MH - Molecular Docking Simulation MH - Antiviral Agents/pharmacology/chemistry MH - *COVID-19 Drug Treatment PMC - PMC9609290 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - MCCS OT - Mpro OT - binding features OT - drug design OT - molecular dynamics simulations COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/28 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/29 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/12 CRDT- 2022/10/27 01:44 PHST- 2022/09/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/10/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/27 01:44 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - molecules27206823 [pii] AID - molecules-27-06823 [pii] AID - 10.3390/molecules27206823 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Molecules. 2022 Oct 12;27(20):6823. doi: 10.3390/molecules27206823. PMID- 36288776 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250127 LR - 20250513 IS - 2173-5808 (Electronic) IS - 2173-5808 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jan-Feb TI - Neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19 vaccine. PG - 66-76 LID - S2173-5808(22)00141-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nrleng.2022.09.007 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly, giving rise to a pandemic, causing significant morbidity and mortality. In this context, many vaccines have emerged to try to deal with this disease. OBJECTIVE: To review the reported cases of neurological manifestations after the application of COVID-19 vaccines, describing clinical, analytical and neuroimaging findings and health outcomes. METHODS: We carried out a review through bibliographic searches in PubMed. RESULTS: We found 86 articles, including 13 809 patients with a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations temporally associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Most occurred in women (63.89%), with a median age of 50 years. The most frequently reported adverse events were Bell's palsy 4936/13 809 (35.7%), headache (4067/13 809), cerebrovascular events 2412/13 809 (17.47%), Guillain-Barre syndrome 868/13 809 (6.28%), central nervous system demyelination 258/13 809 (1.86%) and functional neurological disorder 398/13 809 (2.88%). Most of the published cases occurred in temporal association with the Pfizer vaccine (BNT162b2), followed by the AstraZeneca vaccine (ChAdOX1-S). CONCLUSIONS: It is not possible to establish a causal relationship between these adverse events and COVID-19 vaccines with the currently existing data, nor to calculate the frequency of appearance of these disorders. However, it is necessary for health professionals to be familiar with these events, facilitating their early diagnosis and treatment. Large controlled epidemiological studies are necessary to establish a possible causal relationship between vaccination against COVID-19 and neurological adverse events. CI - Copyright (c) 2022. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. FAU - Alonso Castillo, R AU - Alonso Castillo R AD - Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Universidad de Alcala, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martinez Castrillo, J C AU - Martinez Castrillo JC AD - Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Universidad de Alcala, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jcmcastrillo@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221023 PL - Spain TA - Neurologia (Engl Ed) JT - Neurologia JID - 101778590 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Nervous System Diseases/chemically induced/etiology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - Headache/etiology MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/adverse effects MH - BNT162 Vaccine/adverse effects MH - Guillain-Barre Syndrome/etiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Adult MH - Bell Palsy/etiology PMC - PMC9595420 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adverse event OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Evento adverso OT - Manifestaciones neurologicas OT - Neurological manifestations OT - Neurological pathology OT - Patologia neurologica OT - SARS-COV-2 vaccines OT - Safety OT - Seguridad OT - Vacunas COVID-19 OT - Vacunas SARS-COV-2 EDAT- 2022/10/27 06:00 MHDA- 2025/01/28 00:21 PMCR- 2022/10/23 CRDT- 2022/10/26 19:23 PHST- 2022/07/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/28 00:21 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/26 19:23 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2173-5808(22)00141-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nrleng.2022.09.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurologia (Engl Ed). 2025 Jan-Feb;40(1):66-76. doi: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2022.09.007. Epub 2022 Oct 23. PMID- 36288544 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230503 LR - 20231108 IS - 1460-2156 (Electronic) IS - 0006-8950 (Print) IS - 0006-8950 (Linking) VI - 146 IP - 5 DP - 2023 May 2 TI - Multimodal neuroimaging in post-COVID syndrome and correlation with cognition. PG - 2142-2152 LID - 10.1093/brain/awac384 [doi] LID - awac384 AB - Brain changes have been reported in the first weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, limited literature exists about brain alterations in post-COVID syndrome, a condition increasingly associated with cognitive impairment. The present study aimed to evaluate brain functional and structural alterations in patients with post-COVID syndrome, and assess whether these brain alterations were related to cognitive dysfunction. Eighty-six patients with post-COVID syndrome and 36 healthy controls were recruited and underwent neuroimaging acquisition and a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Cognitive and neuroimaging examinations were performed 11 months after the first symptoms of SARS-CoV-2. Whole-brain functional connectivity analysis was performed. Voxel-based morphometry was performed to evaluate grey matter volume, and diffusion tensor imaging was carried out to analyse white-matter alterations. Correlations between cognition and brain changes were conducted and Bonferroni corrected. Post-COVID syndrome patients presented with functional connectivity changes, characterized by hypoconnectivity between left and right parahippocampal areas, and between bilateral orbitofrontal and cerebellar areas compared to controls. These alterations were accompanied by reduced grey matter volume in cortical, limbic and cerebellar areas, and alterations in white matter axial and mean diffusivity. Grey matter volume loss showed significant associations with cognitive dysfunction. These cognitive and brain alterations were more pronounced in hospitalized patients compared to non-hospitalized patients. No associations with vaccination status were found. The present study shows persistent structural and functional brain abnormalities 11 months after the acute infection. These changes are associated with cognitive dysfunction and contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the post-COVID syndrome. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Diez-Cirarda, Maria AU - Diez-Cirarda M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6768-189X AD - Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Yus, Miguel AU - Yus M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3191-6743 AD - Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gomez-Ruiz, Natividad AU - Gomez-Ruiz N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1182-5513 AD - Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Polidura, Carmen AU - Polidura C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2021-0374 AD - Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gil-Martinez, Lidia AU - Gil-Martinez L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9547-5038 AD - Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Delgado-Alonso, Cristina AU - Delgado-Alonso C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8821-1317 AD - Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Jorquera, Manuela AU - Jorquera M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4920-0359 AD - Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gomez-Pinedo, Ulises AU - Gomez-Pinedo U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3097-5557 AD - Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Matias-Guiu, Jorge AU - Matias-Guiu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8162-9043 AD - Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Arrazola, Juan AU - Arrazola J AD - Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Matias-Guiu, Jordi A AU - Matias-Guiu JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5520-2708 AD - Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Health Research Institute 'San Carlos' (IdISCC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Brain JT - Brain : a journal of neurology JID - 0372537 SB - IM CIN - MMW Fortschr Med. 2023 Oct;165(18):34-35. doi: 10.1007/s15006-023-3065-y. PMID: 37828320 MH - Humans MH - Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - *COVID-19 MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Brain MH - Neuroimaging/methods MH - Cognition/physiology MH - Gray Matter MH - *White Matter MH - Syndrome PMC - PMC9620345 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognitive impairment OT - functional connectivity OT - grey matter OT - post-COVID syndrome OT - white matter EDAT- 2022/10/27 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/03 06:42 PMCR- 2022/10/26 CRDT- 2022/10/26 16:12 PHST- 2022/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/03 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/26 16:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6775147 [pii] AID - awac384 [pii] AID - 10.1093/brain/awac384 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain. 2023 May 2;146(5):2142-2152. doi: 10.1093/brain/awac384. PMID- 36284639 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240906 IS - 2475-0379 (Electronic) IS - 2475-0379 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Oct TI - Hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and COVID-19: Impacts of vaccination and infection in this rare disease. PG - e12814 LID - 10.1002/rth2.12814 [doi] LID - e12814 AB - INTRODUCTION: Severe COVID-19 is associated with an important increase of von Willebrand factor and mild lowering of ADAMTS13 activity that may, in the presence of a strong inflammatory reaction, increase the risk of acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Although acute episodes of immune-mediated TTP associated with COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have been reported, data about clinical evolution of hereditary TTP (hTTP) during the pandemic are scarce. METHOD: We conducted a survey among adult patients of the International Hereditary TTP Registry about SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, COVID-19, and occurrence of acute hTTP episodes. RESULTS: Of 122 adult hTTP patients invited to participate, 86 (70.5%) responded. Sixty-five had been vaccinated (75.6%), of which 14 had received in addition a booster, resulting in 139 individual vaccine shots. Although vaccinations in patients on plasma prophylaxis were done within 1 week of the last plasma infusion, all 23 patients treated with plasma on demand were vaccinated without prior plasma infusions. One patient on uninterrupted weekly plasma infusions presented within 3 days from his second vaccination with neurological symptoms and computed tomography scan 9 days later showed subacute ischemic/hemorrhagic frontal lobe infarction. A second male patient developed acute myocarditis after his second dose of mRNA-1273 vaccine. Twelve (14%) patients had COVID-19, associated with an acute hTTP episode in three of them: one patient had a transient ischemic attack, one a stroke, and a pregnant woman was hospitalized to intensify plasma treatment. DISCUSSION: The risk of an acute episode triggered by COVID-19 seems higher than following vaccination in hTTP patients, who can be safely vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH). FAU - Tarasco, Erika AU - Tarasco E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4387-8476 AD - Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory Inselspital, Bern University Hospital Bern Switzerland. AD - Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR) University of Bern Bern Switzerland. FAU - von Krogh, Anne Sophie AU - von Krogh AS AD - Department of Hematology St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital Trondheim Norway. AD - Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway. FAU - Hrdlickova, Radomira AU - Hrdlickova R AD - Blood Center University Hospital Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic. FAU - Braschler, Thomas R AU - Braschler TR AD - Center for Clinical Hematology Luzerne Kantonsspital Lucerne Switzerland. FAU - Iwaniec, Teresa AU - Iwaniec T AD - Department of Hematology Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland. FAU - Knobl, Paul N AU - Knobl PN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7909-7225 AD - Division of Hematology and Hemostasis, Department of Medicine I Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria. FAU - Hamada, Eriko AU - Hamada E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0913-2475 AD - Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine Nara Medical University Kashihara Japan. FAU - Pikovsky, Oleg AU - Pikovsky O AD - Transfusion Medicine Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Soroka University Medical Center Beer-Sheva Israel. FAU - Farese, Stefan AU - Farese S AD - Department of Nephrology Burgerspital Solothurn Switzerland. FAU - Gutwein, Odit AU - Gutwein O AD - Department of Hematology Shamir Medical Center Zerifin Israel. FAU - Kessler, Petr AU - Kessler P AD - Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Hospital Pelhrimov Pelhrimov Czech Republic. FAU - Schultz, Nina H AU - Schultz NH AD - Department of Hematology Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway. FAU - von Auer, Charis AU - von Auer C AD - Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis University Medical Center Mainz Mainz Germany. FAU - Windyga, Jerzy AU - Windyga J AD - Department of Haemostasis Disorders and Internal Medicine Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Warsaw Poland. FAU - Friedman, Kenneth AU - Friedman K AD - Division of Hematology and Oncology, Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin USA. FAU - Hrachovinova, Ingrid AU - Hrachovinova I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0300-2063 AD - Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Prague Czech Republic. FAU - George, James N AU - George JN AD - Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma USA. FAU - Matsumoto, Masanori AU - Matsumoto M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7243-3126 AD - Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine Nara Medical University Kashihara Japan. FAU - Schneppenheim, Reinhard AU - Schneppenheim R AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg Germany. FAU - Lammle, Bernhard AU - Lammle B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4538-5154 AD - Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory Inselspital, Bern University Hospital Bern Switzerland. AD - Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis University Medical Center Mainz Mainz Germany. FAU - Kremer Hovinga, Johanna Anna AU - Kremer Hovinga JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1300-7135 AD - Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory Inselspital, Bern University Hospital Bern Switzerland. AD - Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR) University of Bern Bern Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221021 PL - United States TA - Res Pract Thromb Haemost JT - Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis JID - 101703775 PMC - PMC9585384 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) OT - hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (hTTP) OT - vaccines EDAT- 2022/10/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/27 06:01 PMCR- 2022/10/21 CRDT- 2022/10/26 02:06 PHST- 2022/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/26 02:06 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2475-0379(22)02450-5 [pii] AID - RTH212814 [pii] AID - 10.1002/rth2.12814 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2022 Oct 21;6(7):e12814. doi: 10.1002/rth2.12814. eCollection 2022 Oct. PMID- 36282593 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221214 LR - 20230918 IS - 2379-3708 (Electronic) IS - 2379-3708 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 22 DP - 2022 Nov 22 TI - Consecutive BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination induces short-term epigenetic memory in innate immune cells. LID - 10.1172/jci.insight.163347 [doi] LID - e163347 AB - Consecutive mRNA vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 reinforced both innate and adaptive immune responses. However, it remains unclear whether the enhanced innate immune responses are mediated by epigenetic regulation and, if so, whether these effects persist. Using mass cytometry, RNA-Seq, and ATAC-Seq, we show that BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination upregulated antiviral and IFN-stimulated gene expression in monocytes with greater effects after the second vaccination than those after the first vaccination. Transcription factor-binding motif analysis also revealed enriched IFN regulatory factors and PU.1 motifs in accessible chromatin regions. Importantly, although consecutive BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinations boosted innate immune responses and caused epigenetic changes in isolated monocytes, we show that these effects occurred only transiently and disappeared 4 weeks after the second vaccination. Furthermore, single-cell RNA-Seq analysis revealed that a similar gene signature was impaired in the monocytes of unvaccinated patients with COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome. These results reinforce the importance of the innate immune response in the determination of COVID-19 severity but indicate that, unlike adaptive immunity, innate immunity is not unexpectedly sustained even after consecutive vaccination. This study, which focuses on innate immune memory, may provide novel insights into the vaccine development against infectious diseases. FAU - Yamaguchi, Yuta AU - Yamaguchi Y AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Kato, Yasuhiro AU - Kato Y AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Edahiro, Ryuya AU - Edahiro R AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. AD - Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan. FAU - Sondergaard, Jonas N AU - Sondergaard JN AD - Human Immunology Team, Center for Infectious Diseases Education and Research. FAU - Murakami, Teruaki AU - Murakami T AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Amiya, Saori AU - Amiya S AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Nameki, Shinichiro AU - Nameki S AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Yoshimine, Yuko AU - Yoshimine Y AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Morita, Takayoshi AU - Morita T AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Takeshima, Yusuke AU - Takeshima Y AD - Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center. FAU - Sakakibara, Shuhei AU - Sakakibara S AD - Laboratory of Immune Regulation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center. FAU - Naito, Yoko AU - Naito Y AD - Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases. FAU - Motooka, Daisuke AU - Motooka D AD - Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases. AD - Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center. AD - Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives. FAU - Liu, Yu-Chen AU - Liu YC AD - Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center. FAU - Shirai, Yuya AU - Shirai Y AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. AD - Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan. FAU - Okita, Yasutaka AU - Okita Y AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Fujimoto, Jun AU - Fujimoto J AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Hirata, Haruhiko AU - Hirata H AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Takeda, Yoshito AU - Takeda Y AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. FAU - Wing, James B AU - Wing JB AD - Human Immunology Team, Center for Infectious Diseases Education and Research. AD - Single Cell Immunology, Human Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center. FAU - Okuzaki, Daisuke AU - Okuzaki D AD - Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases. AD - Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center. AD - Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives. AD - Center for Infectious Diseases Education and Research, and. FAU - Okada, Yukinori AU - Okada Y AD - Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan. AD - Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives. AD - Center for Infectious Diseases Education and Research, and. AD - Statistical Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan. FAU - Kumanogoh, Atsushi AU - Kumanogoh A AD - Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology and. AD - Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives. AD - Center for Infectious Diseases Education and Research, and. AD - Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. AD - Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS, Osaka University, Osaka, Suita, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221122 PL - United States TA - JCI Insight JT - JCI insight JID - 101676073 RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - RNA, Messenger MH - *BNT162 Vaccine MH - Epigenesis, Genetic MH - Epigenetic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Immunity, Innate PMC - PMC9746816 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cellular immune response OT - Epigenetics OT - Innate immunity OT - Vaccines COIS- Conflict of interest: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists. EDAT- 2022/10/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/22 CRDT- 2022/10/25 12:03 PHST- 2022/07/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/25 12:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 163347 [pii] AID - 10.1172/jci.insight.163347 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JCI Insight. 2022 Nov 22;7(22):e163347. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.163347. PMID- 36282137 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221028 LR - 20230111 IS - 1399-3038 (Electronic) IS - 0905-6157 (Print) IS - 0905-6157 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 10 DP - 2022 Oct TI - COVID-19 Alpha Variant (B.1.1.7): Humoral, memory B and T cells in COVID-19 pediatric convalescents. PG - e13863 LID - 10.1111/pai.13863 [doi] LID - e13863 AB - BACKGROUND: Studies of anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral and adaptive response in COVID-19 non-vaccinated pediatric convalescents are controversial and further evidence from the pediatric population are needed. OBJECTIVES: To elucidate SARS-CoV-2 humoral and memory B- and T-cells responses in pediatric convalescents as compared with the adult. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 80 non-vaccinated, IgG-positive, COVID-19 convalescents (age 8.0-61.0 years), 4.0 months from onset. Frequency of responders and magnitudes of SARS-COV-2 IgG, memory B-cells (MBC) and IFNg- and IL2-secreting memory T-cells (MTC) in response to immuno-dominant peptide pools in pediatric, young adults and middle-aged adults with onset age 8-18 years (N = 20), 19-39 years (N = 30) and 40-61 years (N = 30), respectively, were analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 IgG were detected by ELISA (Euroimmun, Germany). MBC, IFNg-, IL2- and IFNg+IL2-secreting MTC (IFNg-MTC, IL2-MTC and IFNg+IL2-MTC) were detected using FluoroSpot (Mabtech, Sweden). RESULTS: MBC level was lower in pediatric as compared with the middle-aged adults (median 12.75 interquartile range [IQR] 4.27-33.7 and 32.0 IQR 6.0-124.2, respectively, p = .003). MBC level in young adults was lower than in middle-aged adults (median 18.5 IQR 1.7-43.8 and 32.0 IQR 6.0-124.2, respectively, p = .006). The level of IL2-MTC was lower in the pediatric group as compared with middle aged-adults (median 2.1 IQR 0-16.9 and 28.6 IQR 11-49.6, respectively, p < .03) and in young adults lower than in middle-aged adults (median 1.45 IQR 0-18.6 and 28.6 IQR 11-49.6, respectively, p = .02). In addition, the level of IFNg-MTC was lower in pediatric as compared with young adults (median 4.25 IQR 0.0-15.0 and 20.9 IQR 0-75.2, respectively, p = .05). The level of IgG was comparable between pediatric and both young and middle-aged adult groups (4.82 +/- 2.95, 3.70 +/- 2.65 and 4.9 +/- 2.94, respectively, p > .34). CONCLUSION: Non-vaccinated COVID-19 pediatric convalescents have lower adaptive immune responses than adults sustaining the recommendation for vaccination of the pediatric population. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Gurevich, Michael AU - Gurevich M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1529-4876 AD - Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. AD - Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. FAU - Zilkha-Falb, Rina AU - Zilkha-Falb R AD - Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. FAU - Sonis, Polina AU - Sonis P AD - Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. FAU - Magalashvili, David AU - Magalashvili D AD - Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. FAU - Dolev, Mark AU - Dolev M AD - Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. AD - Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. FAU - Mandel, Mathilda AU - Mandel M AD - Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. AD - Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. FAU - Menascu, Shay AU - Menascu S AD - Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. AD - Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. FAU - Achiron, Anat AU - Achiron A AD - Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. AD - Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Pediatr Allergy Immunol JT - Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology JID - 9106718 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Interleukin-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Interleukin-2 MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - B-Lymphocytes MH - T-Lymphocytes PMC - PMC9827896 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive immunity OT - convalescents OT - memory B-cells OT - memory T-cells OT - pediatric COIS- All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/28 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/06 CRDT- 2022/10/25 09:42 PHST- 2022/09/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/25 09:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PAI13863 [pii] AID - 10.1111/pai.13863 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2022 Oct;33(10):e13863. doi: 10.1111/pai.13863. PMID- 36280136 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230110 LR - 20260127 IS - 2213-2201 (Electronic) IS - 2213-2198 (Print) VI - 11 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan TI - COVID-19 Severity, Cardiological Outcome, and Immunogenicity of mRNA Vaccine on Adult Patients With 22q11.2 DS. PG - 292-305.e2 LID - S2213-2198(22)01052-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.10.010 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The contemporaneous presence of immune defects and heart diseases in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.3DS) might represent risk factors for severe coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE: To analyze severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outcome in 22q11.2DS patients and immunogenicity of different doses of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. METHODS: Longitudinal observational study on SARS-CoV-2 outcome in 60 adults with 22q11.2DS (March 2020-June 2022). Anti-Spike, and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody responses, generation of Spike-specific memory B cells (MBCs) and Spike-specific T cells at different time points before and after the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccination were evaluated in 16 22q11.2DS patients. RESULTS: We recorded a 95% rate of vaccination, with almost all patients being immunized with the booster dose. Twenty-one patients had SARS-CoV-2 infection. Three patients were infected before vaccine availability, 6 after receiving 2 doses of vaccine, and 12 after one booster dose. The SARS-CoV-2- infection had a mild course, except in one unvaccinated patient with several comorbidities who died from acute respiratory distress syndrome (fatality rate 5%). Infected patients had more frequently moderate/severe intellectual disability, lymphopenia, and lower CD4+ count. Despite major congenital heart diseases, COVID-19 did not impact cardiological conditions. The BNT162b2 vaccine induced S1-immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses, low serum S1-IgA, and slightly impaired specific MBCs response. Specific T-cell responses observed were related to lymphocytes and CD4+ T cell counts. CONCLUSIONS: The SARS-CoV-2 infection had a mild course in most patients with 22q11.2DS, even in patients with major cardiovascular diseases. Immunization induced Spike-specific IgG responses and generated specific MBCs and memory T cells. The weaker memory responses in patients with lymphopenia suggested the need for additional doses. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Pulvirenti, Federica AU - Pulvirenti F AD - Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: Federica.pulvirenti.md@gmail.com. FAU - Mortari, Eva Piano AU - Mortari EP AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, Rome, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Putotto, Carolina AU - Putotto C AD - Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy. FAU - Terreri, Sara AU - Terreri S AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fernandez Salinas, Ane AU - Fernandez Salinas A AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cinicola, Bianca Laura AU - Cinicola BL AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Maternal Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Viale Regina Elena, 324 00161, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cimini, Eleonora AU - Cimini E AD - Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Napoli, Giulia AU - Di Napoli G AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sculco, Eleonora AU - Sculco E AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Milito, Cinzia AU - Milito C AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Versacci, Paolo AU - Versacci P AD - Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy. FAU - Agrati, Chiara AU - Agrati C AD - Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Marino, Bruno AU - Marino B AD - Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, Rome, Italy. FAU - Quinti, Isabella AU - Quinti I AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221021 PL - United States TA - J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract JT - The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice JID - 101597220 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *DiGeorge Syndrome MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Lymphopenia MH - Vaccination MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9584833 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 22q11.2 deletion syndrome OT - CD4 T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - Cardiovascular disease OT - Lymphopenia OT - SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - Specific T cells OT - Specific memory B cells OT - Spike antibody response OT - mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine EDAT- 2022/10/25 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/11 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/21 CRDT- 2022/10/24 19:27 PHST- 2022/08/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/10/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/24 19:27 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2213-2198(22)01052-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.10.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2023 Jan;11(1):292-305.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.10.010. Epub 2022 Oct 21. PMID- 36268016 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221024 LR - 20221024 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - A ubiquitous bone marrow reservoir of preexisting SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory CD4(+) T lymphocytes in unexposed individuals. PG - 1004656 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1004656 [doi] LID - 1004656 AB - Circulating, blood-borne SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory T cells in persons so far unexposed to SARS-CoV-2 or the vaccines have been described in 20-100% of the adult population. They are credited with determining the efficacy of the immune response in COVID-19. Here, we demonstrate the presence of preexisting memory CD4(+) T cells reacting to peptides of the spike, membrane, or nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in the bone marrow of all 17 persons investigated that had previously not been exposed to SARS-CoV-2 or one of the vaccines targeting it, with only 15 of these persons also having such cells detectable circulating in the blood. The preexisting SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory CD4(+) T cells of the bone marrow are abundant and polyfunctional, with the phenotype of central memory T cells. They are tissue-resident, at least in those persons who do not have such cells in the blood, and about 30% of them express CD69. Bone marrow resident SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory CD4(+) memory T cells are also abundant in vaccinated persons analyzed 10-168 days after 1 degrees -4 degrees vaccination. Apart from securing the bone marrow, preexisting cross-reactive memory CD4(+) T cells may play an important role in shaping the systemic immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and the vaccines, and contribute essentially to the rapid establishment of long-lasting immunity provided by memory plasma cells, already upon primary infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Li, Reinke, Shen, Schollmeyer, Liu, Wang, Hardt, Hipfl, Hoffmann, Frischbutter, Chang, Alexander, Perka, Radbruch, Qin, Radbruch and Dong. FAU - Li, Jinchan AU - Li J AD - Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Reinke, Simon AU - Reinke S AD - Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Shen, Yu AU - Shen Y AD - Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Schollmeyer, Lena AU - Schollmeyer L AD - Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Liu, Yuk-Chien AU - Liu YC AD - Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Wang, Zixu AU - Wang Z AD - Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hardt, Sebastian AU - Hardt S AD - Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hipfl, Christian AU - Hipfl C AD - Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hoffmann, Ute AU - Hoffmann U AD - Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. AD - Schwiete-Laboratory for Microbiota and Inflammation, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Frischbutter, Stefan AU - Frischbutter S AD - Institute of Allergology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Chang, Hyun-Dong AU - Chang HD AD - Schwiete-Laboratory for Microbiota and Inflammation, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Alexander, Tobias AU - Alexander T AD - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Perka, Carsten AU - Perka C AD - Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Radbruch, Helena AU - Radbruch H AD - Institute of Neuropathology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Qin, Zhihai AU - Qin Z AD - Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. FAU - Radbruch, Andreas AU - Radbruch A AD - Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Dong, Jun AU - Dong J AD - Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221004 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Nucleocapsid Proteins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - Bone Marrow MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - Nucleocapsid Proteins PMC - PMC9576920 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cross-reactive OT - human bone marrow OT - memory CD4+ T lymphocytes OT - peripheral blood OT - polyfunctional OT - tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm) COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/25 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/04 CRDT- 2022/10/21 03:08 PHST- 2022/07/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/21 03:08 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1004656 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Oct 4;13:1004656. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1004656. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36259394 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230203 LR - 20230224 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Print) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) VI - 227 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Feb 1 TI - Antibody and T-Cell Subsets Analysis Unveils an Immune Profile Heterogeneity Mediating Long-term Responses in Individuals Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2. PG - 353-363 LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiac421 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Based on the fact that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still spreading despite worldwide vaccine administration, there is an imperative need to understand the underlying mechanisms of vaccine-induced interindividual immune response variations. METHODS: We compared humoral and cellular immune responses in 127 individuals vaccinated with either BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine. RESULTS: Both mRNA vaccines induced faster and stronger humoral responses as assessed by high spike- and RBD-specific antibody titers and neutralizing efficacy in comparison to ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine. At 7 months postvaccination, a decreasing trend in humoral responses was observed, irrespective of the vaccine administered. Correlation analysis between anti-S1 IgG and interferon- (IFN-) production unveiled a heterogeneous immune profile among BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals. Specifically, vaccination in the high-responder group induced sizable populations of polyfunctional memory CD4 helper T cells (TH1), follicular helper T cells (TFH), and T cells with features of stemness (TSCM), along with high neutralizing antibody production that persisted up to 7 months. In contrast, low responders were characterized by significantly lower antibody titers and memory T cells and a considerably lower capacity for interleukin-2 and IFN- production. CONCLUSIONS: We identified that long-term humoral responses correlate with the individuals ability to produce antigen-specific persistent memory T-cell populations. CI - The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. FAU - Agallou, Maria AU - Agallou M AD - Immunology of Infection Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece. FAU - Koutsoni, Olga S AU - Koutsoni OS AD - Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece. FAU - Michail, Maria AU - Michail M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece. AD - Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. FAU - Zisimopoulou, Paraskevi AU - Zisimopoulou P AD - Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece. FAU - Tsitsilonis, Ourania E AU - Tsitsilonis OE AD - Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. FAU - Karagouni, Evdokia AU - Karagouni E AD - Immunology of Infection Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - T-Lymphocyte Subsets MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9620767 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - antibodies OT - central memory T cells OT - cytokines OT - high and low responders OT - immune response OT - stem cell memory T cells OT - vaccines COIS- Potential conflicts of interest . All authors: No reported conflicts of interest. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. EDAT- 2022/10/20 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/04 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/19 CRDT- 2022/10/19 05:03 PHST- 2022/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/19 05:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6763327 [pii] AID - jiac421 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiac421 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Dis. 2023 Feb 1;227(3):353-363. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac421. PMID- 36257313 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221116 LR - 20260127 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 23 DP - 2022 Nov 10 TI - Interval between prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and booster vaccination impacts magnitude and quality of antibody and B cell responses. PG - 4333-4346.e14 LID - S0092-8674(22)01251-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.032 [doi] AB - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster vaccines provide protection from severe disease, eliciting strong immunity that is further boosted by previous infection. However, it is unclear whether these immune responses are affected by the interval between infection and vaccination. Over a 2-month period, we evaluated antibody and B cell responses to a third-dose mRNA vaccine in 66 individuals with different infection histories. Uninfected and post-boost but not previously infected individuals mounted robust ancestral and variant spike-binding and neutralizing antibodies and memory B cells. Spike-specific B cell responses from recent infection (<180 days) were elevated at pre-boost but comparatively less so at 60 days post-boost compared with uninfected individuals, and these differences were linked to baseline frequencies of CD27(lo) B cells. Day 60 to baseline ratio of BCR signaling measured by phosphorylation of Syk was inversely correlated to days between infection and vaccination. Thus, B cell responses to booster vaccines are impeded by recent infection. CI - Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Buckner, Clarisa M AU - Buckner CM AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Kardava, Lela AU - Kardava L AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - El Merhebi, Omar AU - El Merhebi O AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Narpala, Sandeep R AU - Narpala SR AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Serebryannyy, Leonid AU - Serebryannyy L AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Lin, Bob C AU - Lin BC AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Wang, Wei AU - Wang W AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Zhang, Xiaozhen AU - Zhang X AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Lopes de Assis, Felipe AU - Lopes de Assis F AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Kelly, Sophie E M AU - Kelly SEM AD - Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Teng, I-Ting AU - Teng IT AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - McCormack, Genevieve E AU - McCormack GE AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Praiss, Lauren H AU - Praiss LH AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Seamon, Catherine A AU - Seamon CA AD - Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Rai, M Ali AU - Rai MA AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Kalish, Heather AU - Kalish H AD - Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Kwong, Peter D AU - Kwong PD AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Proschan, Michael A AU - Proschan MA AD - Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - McDermott, Adrian B AU - McDermott AB AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Fauci, Anthony S AU - Fauci AS AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Chun, Tae-Wook AU - Chun TW AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Moir, Susan AU - Moir S AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: smoir@niaid.nih.gov. LA - eng GR - ZIA AI001325/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural DEP - 20220927 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2022 Aug 31:2022.08.30.22279344. doi: 10.1101/2022.08.30.22279344. PMID: 36093348 MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - *Viral Vaccines MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9513331 MID - NIHMS1839216 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - booster vaccination OT - hybrid immunity OT - infection OT - mRNA vaccines OT - memory B cells OT - variants COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/10/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/27 CRDT- 2022/10/18 18:52 PHST- 2022/08/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/18 18:52 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(22)01251-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.032 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2022 Nov 10;185(23):4333-4346.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.032. Epub 2022 Sep 27. PMID- 36254196 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221019 IS - 2050-0068 (Print) IS - 2050-0068 (Electronic) IS - 2050-0068 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 10 DP - 2022 TI - Parallel detection of SARS-CoV-2 epitopes reveals dynamic immunodominance profiles of CD8(+) T memory cells in convalescent COVID-19 donors. PG - e1423 LID - 10.1002/cti2.1423 [doi] LID - e1423 AB - OBJECTIVES: High-magnitude CD8(+) T cell responses are associated with mild COVID-19 disease; however, the underlying characteristics that define CD8(+) T cell-mediated protection are not well understood. The antigenic breadth and the immunodominance hierarchies of epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells remain largely unexplored and are essential for the development of next-generation broad-protective vaccines. This study identified a broad spectrum of conserved SARS-CoV-2 CD8(+) T cell epitopes and defined their respective immunodominance and phenotypic profiles following SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS: CD8(+) T cells from 51 convalescent COVID-19 donors were analysed for their ability to recognise 133 predicted and previously described SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides restricted by 11 common HLA class I allotypes using heterotetramer combinatorial coding, which combined with phenotypic markers allowed in-depth ex vivo profiling of CD8(+) T cell responses at quantitative and phenotypic levels. RESULTS: A comprehensive panel of 49 mostly conserved SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8(+) T cell epitopes, including five newly identified low-magnitude epitopes, was established. We confirmed the immunodominance of HLA-A*01:01/ORF1ab(1637-1646) and B*07:02/N(105-113) and identified B*35:01/N(325-333) as a third epitope with immunodominant features. The magnitude of subdominant epitope responses, including A*03:01/N(361-369) and A*02:01/S(269-277), depended on the donors' HLA-I context. All epitopes expressed prevalent memory phenotypes, with the highest memory frequencies in severe COVID-19 donors. CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a predominant CD8(+) T memory response directed against a broad spectrum of conserved SARS-CoV-2 epitopes, which likely contributes to long-term protection against severe disease. The observed immunodominance hierarchy emphasises the importance of T cell epitopes derived from nonspike proteins to the overall protective and cross-reactive immune response, which could aid future vaccine strategies. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology, Inc. FAU - van den Dijssel, Jet AU - van den Dijssel J AD - Department of Hematopoiesis Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Experimental Immunohematology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Hagen, Ruth R AU - Hagen RR AD - Department of Hematopoiesis Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Experimental Immunohematology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - de Jongh, Rivka AU - de Jongh R AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Steenhuis, Maurice AU - Steenhuis M AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Rispens, Theo AU - Rispens T AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Geerdes, Dionne M AU - Geerdes DM AD - Sanquin Reagents B.V. Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Mok, Juk Yee AU - Mok JY AD - Sanquin Reagents B.V. Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Kragten, Angela Hm AU - Kragten AH AD - Sanquin Reagents B.V. Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Duurland, Mariel C AU - Duurland MC AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Verstegen, Niels Jm AU - Verstegen NJ AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - van Ham, S Marieke AU - van Ham SM AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - van Esch, Wim Je AU - van Esch WJ AD - Sanquin Reagents B.V. Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - van Gisbergen, Klaas Pjm AU - van Gisbergen KP AD - Department of Hematopoiesis Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Hombrink, Pleun AU - Hombrink P AD - Department of Hematopoiesis Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - Ten Brinke, Anja AU - Ten Brinke A AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Immunopathology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. FAU - van de Sandt, Carolien E AU - van de Sandt CE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4155-7433 AD - Department of Hematopoiesis Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221014 PL - Australia TA - Clin Transl Immunology JT - Clinical & translational immunology JID - 101638268 PMC - PMC9568370 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8+ T cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - convalescence OT - epitopes OT - immunodominance OT - infection COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/19 06:01 PMCR- 2022/10/14 CRDT- 2022/10/18 01:45 PHST- 2022/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/18 01:45 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/19 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CTI21423 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cti2.1423 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Transl Immunology. 2022 Oct 14;11(10):e1423. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1423. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36253218 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230619 LR - 20230621 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 0264-410X (Print) IS - 0264-410X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 27 DP - 2023 Jun 19 TI - Cognitive predictors of COVID-19 mitigation behaviors in vaccinated and unvaccinated general population members. PG - 4019-4026 LID - S0264-410X(22)01242-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.004 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Given the long-term threat posed by COVID-19, predictors of mitigation behaviors are critical to identify. Prior studies have found that cognitive factors are associated with some COVID-19 mitigation behaviors, but few studies employ representative samples and no prior studies have examined cognitive predictors of vaccination status. The purpose of the present study was to examine associations between cognitive variables (executive function, delay discounting, and future orientation) and COVID-19 mitigation behaviors (mask wearing, social distancing, hand hygiene and vaccination) in a population representative sample. METHODS: A population representative sample of 2,002 adults completed validated measures of delay discounting, future orientation, and executive function. Participants also reported frequency of mitigation behaviors, vaccination status, and demographics. RESULTS: Future orientation was associated with more mask wearing (beta = 0.160, 95 % CI [0.090, 0.220], p < 0.001), social distancing (beta = 0.150, 95 % CI [0.070, 0.240], p < 0.001), hand hygiene behaviors (beta = 0.090, 95 % CI [0.000, 0.190], p = 0.054), and a higher likelihood of being fully vaccinated (OR = 0.80, 95 % CI [0.670, 0.970], p = 0.020). Lower delay discounting predicted more consistent mask wearing (beta = -0.060, 95 % CI[-0.120, -0.010], p = 0.032) and being fully vaccinated (OR = 1.28, 95 % CI [1.13, 1.44], p < 0.001), while more symptoms of executive dysfunction predicted less mask wearing (beta = -0.240, 95 % CI [-0.320, -0.150] p < 0.001) and hand hygiene (beta = -0.220, 95 % CI [-0.320, -0.130], p < 0.001), but not vaccination status (OR = 0.96, 95 % CI [0.80, 1.16], p = 0.690) or social distancing behaviors (beta = -0.080, 95 % CI [-0.180, 0.020], p = 0.097). Overall, social distancing was the least well-predicted outcome from cognitive factors, while mask wearing was most well-predicted. Vaccination status was not a significant moderator of these effects of cognitive predictors on mitigation behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive variables predict significant variability in mitigation behaviors. regardless of vaccination status. In particular, thinking about the future and discounting it less may encourage more consistent implementation of mitigating behaviors. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Hudson, Anna AU - Hudson A AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: a3hudson@uwaterloo.ca. FAU - Hall, Peter A AU - Hall PA AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: pahall@uwaterloo.ca. FAU - Hitchman, Sara C AU - Hitchman SC AD - Department of Communication and Media Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Meng, Gang AU - Meng G AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Fong, Geoffrey T AU - Fong GT AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221013 PL - Netherlands TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Physical Distancing MH - Probability MH - Vaccination MH - Cognition PMC - PMC9556944 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Executive functions OT - Mitigating behaviors OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccination COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/10/18 06:00 MHDA- 2023/06/19 13:08 PMCR- 2022/10/13 CRDT- 2022/10/17 22:04 PHST- 2022/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/19 13:08 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/17 22:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0264-410X(22)01242-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vaccine. 2023 Jun 19;41(27):4019-4026. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.004. Epub 2022 Oct 13. PMID- 36249235 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221018 LR - 20240905 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2022 TI - Effect of breathing intervention in patients with COVID and healthcare workers. PG - 945988 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.945988 [doi] LID - 945988 AB - BACKGROUND: Regulated breathing facilitates ventilation and reduces breathlessness. However, the effect of Yogic breathing on patients with COVID remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two breathing protocols, i.e., short breathing technique (SBT) and long duration breathing technique (LBDT). METHODS: Three groups including COVID-positive patients, COVID-recovered patients, and healthcare workers (HCWs) were included in the study and segregated into Yoga and control groups. SBT was administered to COVID-positive patients. Both SBT and LBDT were administered to COVID-recovered patients and HCWs. A total of 18 biochemical parameters, a 6-min walk test (6MWT), and a 1-min sit-stand test (1MSST) were assessed on 0th, 7th, and 15th days, where biochemical parameters were the primary outcome. Pre-post estimation of neuropsychological parameters (nine questionnaires) and heart rate variability (HRV) were carried out. The paired t-test or Wilcoxon rank test was applied for pre-post comparison and the Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for group comparison. Repeated measures test was applied for data recorded at three time points. RESULTS: A significant elevation in white blood cell (WBC) count was observed in COVID-positive intervention (p < 0.001) and control groups (p = 0.003), indicating no role of intervention on change in WBC number. WBC count (p = 0.002) and D-dimer (p = 0.002) significantly decreased in the COVID-recovered intervention group. D-dimer was also reduced in HCWs practicing Yogic breathing as compared to controls (p = 0.01). D-dimer was the primary outcome, which remained below 0.50 mug/ml (a cutoff value to define severity) in the COVID-positive yoga group (CYG) and decreased in the COVID-recovered yoga group (RYG) and the HCW yoga group (HYG) after intervention. A 6-min walk test (6MWT) showed an increase in distance covered among the COVID-positive patients (p = 0.01) and HCWs (p = 0.002) after intervention. The high-frequency power (p = 0.01) was found to be reduced in the COVID-positive intervention group. No significant change in neuropsychological parameters was observed. CONCLUSION: Yogic breathing lowered D-dimer, which is helpful in reducing thrombosis and venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 besides lowering the chances of vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia in vaccinated individuals. The breathing intervention improved exercise capacity in mild to moderate cases of COVID-19. Further studies can show if such breathing techniques can influence immunity-related genes, as reported recently in a study. We suggest that Yogic breathing may be considered an integrative approach for the management of patients with COVID. TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/login.php, identifier: CTRI/2020/10/028195. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Rain, Puri, Bhalla, Avti, Subramaniam, Kaushal, Srivastava, Mahajan, Singh, Pandey, Malhotra, Goel, Kumar, Sachdeva, Maity, Verma, Dixit, Gupta, Mehra, Nadholta, Khosla, Ahuja and Anand. FAU - Rain, Manjari AU - Rain M AD - Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Puri, Goverdhan Dutt AU - Puri GD AD - Department of Anesthesia, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Bhalla, Aashish AU - Bhalla A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Avti, Pramod AU - Avti P AD - Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Subramaniam, Balachundhar AU - Subramaniam B AD - Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Kaushal, Vipin AU - Kaushal V AD - Department of Hospital Administration, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Srivastava, Vinod AU - Srivastava V AD - College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Fort Hays State University, Hays, KS, United States. FAU - Mahajan, Pranay AU - Mahajan P AD - Department of Hospital Administration, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Singh, Mini AU - Singh M AD - Department of Virology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Pandey, Navin AU - Pandey N AD - Department of Hospital Administration, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Malhotra, Pankaj AU - Malhotra P AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Goel, Sonu AU - Goel S AD - Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Kumar, Krishan AU - Kumar K AD - Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate 30 Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Sachdeva, Naresh AU - Sachdeva N AD - Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Maity, Kalyan AU - Maity K AD - Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. AD - Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bengaluru, India. FAU - Verma, Prashant AU - Verma P AD - Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. AD - Interdisciplinary Centre for Swami Vivekananda Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Dixit, Nishant AU - Dixit N AD - Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Gupta, Sheetal Jindal AU - Gupta SJ AD - Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. AD - Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bengaluru, India. FAU - Mehra, Priya AU - Mehra P AD - Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. AD - Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Nadholta, Pooja AU - Nadholta P AD - Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Khosla, Radhika AU - Khosla R AD - Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Ahuja, Shweta AU - Ahuja S AD - Spectra Health Care, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Anand, Akshay AU - Anand A AD - Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. AD - Centre of Phenomenology and Cognitive Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. AD - CCRYN-Collaborative Center for Mind Body Intervention Through Yoga, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. LA - eng SI - CTRI/CTRI/2020/10/028195 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220930 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Health Personnel MH - Heart Rate/physiology MH - Humans MH - Lung MH - *Yoga PMC - PMC9561424 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - D-dimer OT - SpO2 OT - breathing technique OT - mindfulness OT - yoga COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/19 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/30 CRDT- 2022/10/17 05:20 PHST- 2022/05/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/17 05:20 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.945988 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2022 Sep 30;10:945988. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.945988. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36248803 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221018 LR - 20260127 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - The third dose of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines enhances the spike-specific antibody and memory B cell response in myelofibrosis patients. PG - 1017863 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1017863 [doi] LID - 1017863 AB - Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 using mRNA-based vaccines has been highly recommended for fragile subjects, including myelofibrosis patients (MF). Available data on the immune responsiveness of MF patients to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and the impact of the therapy with the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib, are still fragmented. Here, we profile the spike-specific IgG and memory B-cell response in MF patients, treated or not with ruxolitinib, after the second and the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 (BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines. Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells samples were collected before vaccination, post the second and the third doses and tested for spike-specific antibodies, ACE2/RBD antibody inhibition binding activity and spike-specific B cells. The third vaccine dose significantly increased the spike-specific IgG titers in both ruxolitinib-treated and untreated patients, and strongly enhanced the percentage of subjects with antibodies capable of in vitro blocking ACE2/RBD interaction, from 50% up to 80%. While a very low frequency of spike-specific B cells was measured in blood 7 days after the second vaccination dose, a strong and significant increase was elicited by the third dose administration, generating a B cell response similar to the one detected in healthy controls. Despite the overall positive impact of the third dose in MF patients, two patients that were under active concomitant immunosuppressive treatment at the time of vaccination, and a patient that received lymphodepleting therapies in the past, remained low responders. The third mRNA vaccine dose strongly increases the SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral and B cell responses in MF patients, promoting a reactivation of the immune response similar to the one observed in healthy controls. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Fiorino, Ciabattini, Sicuranza, Pastore, Santoni, Simoncelli, Polvere, Galimberti, Barate, Sammartano, Montagnani, Bocchia and Medaglini. FAU - Fiorino, Fabio AU - Fiorino F AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Ciabattini, Annalisa AU - Ciabattini A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Sicuranza, Anna AU - Sicuranza A AD - Hematology Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Pastore, Gabiria AU - Pastore G AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Santoni, Adele AU - Santoni A AD - Hematology Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Simoncelli, Martina AU - Simoncelli M AD - Hematology Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Polvere, Jacopo AU - Polvere J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Galimberti, Sara AU - Galimberti S AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Barate, Claudia AU - Barate C AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Sammartano, Vincenzo AU - Sammartano V AD - Hematology Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Montagnani, Francesca AU - Montagnani F AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Senese, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Bocchia, Monica AU - Bocchia M AD - Hematology Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Medaglini, Donata AU - Medaglini D AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220929 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - EC 3.4.17.23 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Janus Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Nitriles) RN - 0 (Pyrazoles) RN - 0 (Pyrimidines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 82S8X8XX8H (ruxolitinib) SB - IM MH - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - *Janus Kinase Inhibitors MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - Memory B Cells MH - Nitriles MH - *Primary Myelofibrosis MH - Pyrazoles MH - Pyrimidines MH - RNA, Messenger MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - *Viral Vaccines MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9556722 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B-cell response OT - COVID-19 OT - antibody response OT - mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - myelofibrosis OT - ruxolitinib OT - third booster dose COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/19 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/29 CRDT- 2022/10/17 05:13 PHST- 2022/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/17 05:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1017863 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Sep 29;13:1017863. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1017863. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36232710 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221017 LR - 20230308 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 19 DP - 2022 Sep 27 TI - Comparison of Homologous and Heterologous Booster SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Autoimmune Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Patients. LID - 10.3390/ijms231911411 [doi] LID - 11411 AB - Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 to prevent COVID-19 is highly recommended for immunocompromised patients with autoimmune rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (aiRMDs). Little is known about the effect of booster vaccination or infection followed by previously completed two-dose vaccination in aiRMDs. We determined neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels and applied flow cytometric immunophenotyping to quantify the SARS-CoV-2 reactive B- and T-cell mediated immunity in aiRMDs receiving homologous or heterologous boosters or acquired infection following vaccination. Patients receiving a heterologous booster had a higher proportion of IgM+ SARS-CoV-2 S+ CD19+CD27+ peripheral memory B-cells in comparison to those who acquired infection. Biologic therapy decreased the number of S+CD19+; S+CD19+CD27+IgG+; and S+CD19+CD27+IgM+ B-cells. The response rate to a booster event in cellular immunity was the highest in the S-, M-, and N-reactive CD4+CD40L+ T-cell subset. Patients with a disease duration of more than 10 years had higher proportions of CD8+TNF-alpha+ and CD8+IFN-gamma+ T-cells in comparison to patients who were diagnosed less than 10 years ago. We detected neutralizing antibodies, S+ reactive peripheral memory B-cells, and five S-, M-, and N-reactive T-cells subsets in our patient cohort showing the importance of booster events. Biologic therapy and <10 years disease duration may confound anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific immunity in aiRMDs. FAU - Honfi, Daniel AU - Honfi D AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, H6725 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Gemes, Nikolett AU - Gemes N AD - Biological Research Centre, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. AD - PhD School in Biology, University of Szeged, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Szabo, Eniko AU - Szabo E AD - Biological Research Centre, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Neuperger, Patricia AU - Neuperger P AD - Biological Research Centre, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. AD - PhD School in Biology, University of Szeged, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Balog, Jozsef A AU - Balog JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8208-9157 AD - Biological Research Centre, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. AD - PhD School in Biology, University of Szeged, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Nagy, Lajos I AU - Nagy LI AD - Avidin Ltd., H6726 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Toldi, Gergely AU - Toldi G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0178-1243 AD - Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. FAU - Puskas, Laszlo G AU - Puskas LG AD - Biological Research Centre, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. AD - Avidin Ltd., H6726 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Szebeni, Gabor J AU - Szebeni GJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6998-5632 AD - Biological Research Centre, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. AD - Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H6726 Szeged, Hungary. AD - CS-Smartlab Devices, H7761 Kozarmisleny, Hungary. FAU - Balog, Attila AU - Balog A AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, H6725 Szeged, Hungary. LA - eng GR - 2020-1.1.6-JOVO-2021-0000/National Research, Development, and Innovation Office/ GR - C1764415/Ministry of Innovation and Technology, financed by the National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund/ GR - BO/00582/22/8/Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220927 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 147205-72-9 (CD40 Ligand) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - CD40 Ligand MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Immunoglobulin M MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9569441 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination OT - SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell immunity OT - SARS-CoV-2 specific peripheral B-cell memory OT - anti-Spike (RBD) antibodies OT - rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases COIS- LIN is an employee at Avidin Ltd. LGP is the CEO of Avidin Ltd. GJS is an employee at CS-Smartlab-Devices Ltd. The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/27 CRDT- 2022/10/14 02:09 PHST- 2022/08/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/14 02:09 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms231911411 [pii] AID - ijms-23-11411 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms231911411 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 27;23(19):11411. doi: 10.3390/ijms231911411. PMID- 36231717 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221017 LR - 20250623 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 19 DP - 2022 Sep 29 TI - Effect of COVID-19 Vaccines on Reducing the Risk of Long COVID in the Real World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. LID - 10.3390/ijerph191912422 [doi] LID - 12422 AB - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still in a global pandemic state. Some studies have reported that COVID-19 vaccines had a protective effect against long COVID. However, the conclusions of the studies on the effect of COVID-19 vaccines on long COVID were not consistent. This study aimed to systematically review relevant studies in the real world, and performed a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between vaccination and long COVID. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of science, and ScienceDirect from inception to 19 September 2022. The PICO (P: patients; I: intervention; C: comparison; O: outcome) was as follows: patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (P); vaccination with COVID-19 vaccines (I); the patients were divided into vaccinated and unvaccinated groups (C); the outcomes were the occurrence of long COVID, as well as the various symptoms of long COVID (O). A fixed-effect model and random-effects model were chosen based on the heterogeneity between studies in order to pool the effect value. The results showed that the vaccinated group had a 29% lower risk of developing long COVID compared with the unvaccinated group (RR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58-0.87, p < 0.01). Compared with patients who were not vaccinated, vaccination showed its protective effect in patients vaccinated with two doses (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74-0.94, p < 0.01), but not one dose (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.65-1.07, p = 0.14). In addition, vaccination was effective against long COVD in patients either vaccinated before SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.74-0.91, p < 0.01) or vaccinated after SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74-0.92, p < 0.01). For long COVID symptoms, vaccination reduced the risk of cognitive dysfunction/symptoms, kidney diseases/problems, myalgia, and sleeping disorders/problems sleeping. Our study shows that COVID-19 vaccines had an effect on reducing the risk of long COVID in patients vaccinated before or after SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19. We suggest that the vaccination rate should be improved as soon as possible, especially for a complete vaccination course. There should be more studies to explore the basic mechanisms of the protective effect of COVID-19 vaccines on long COVID in the future. FAU - Gao, Peng AU - Gao P AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Xueyuan Road No. 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China. FAU - Liu, Jue AU - Liu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1938-9365 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Xueyuan Road No. 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China. AD - Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road No. 5, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China. FAU - Liu, Min AU - Liu M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5059-3743 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Xueyuan Road No. 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20220929 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC9566528 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - long COVID OT - meta-analysis OT - post COVID-19 condition OT - systematic review COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/29 CRDT- 2022/10/14 02:00 PHST- 2022/09/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/14 02:00 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph191912422 [pii] AID - ijerph-19-12422 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph191912422 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 29;19(19):12422. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912422. PMID- 36213920 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221011 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Believing processes around COVID-19 vaccination: An exploratory study investigating workers in the health sector. PG - 993323 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.993323 [doi] LID - 993323 AB - BACKGROUND: The processes underlying believing have been labeled "creditions", which are important brain functions between emotion and cognition. Creditions are influenced by both internal and external factors, one of which is the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the vaccination against the disease. METHODS: To investigate believing processes shortly before the implementation of a mandatory vaccination in Austria, both vaccinated and unvaccinated workers in the health sector (WHS) were surveyed in December 2021/January 2022. In total, 1,062 vaccinated and 97 unvaccinated WHS (920 females) completed the online survey. Beliefs were assessed using the parameters of the credition model (narrative, certainty, emotion, and mightiness) with regard to (1) the COVID-19 pandemic in general, and (2) the vaccination. Type of emotion and narrative were divided into positive, negative, and indifferent. Moreover, the congruence between emotion and narrative was calculated. RESULTS: The vaccination rate of the sample was 91.6%, with a significantly higher percentage of men being in the group of vaccinated (21.1%) as compared to unvaccinated individuals (12.4%). Pertaining beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccination, unvaccinated WHS reported more negative and less positive emotions as well as content of narrative than vaccinated WHS. In addition, they showed higher levels of certainty as well as mightiness while believing and felt less sufficiently informed about governmental and workplace-related COVID-19 measures. The groups did not differ in the type of emotion or content of narrative in their beliefs about the pandemic in general. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, unvaccinated WHS had more negative and less positive emotions and thoughts than vaccinated WHS in their beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccination and their motivations for not having received it. They were more certain about their beliefs and felt stronger negative emotions in their beliefs compared to vaccinated individuals. Providing unvaccinated WHS with adequate information might be helpful in reducing their mental burden. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Fleischmann, Fellendorf, Schonthaler, Lenger, Hiendl, Bonkat, Wagner-Skacel, Bengesser, Angel, Seitz, Reininghaus and Dalkner. FAU - Fleischmann, Eva AU - Fleischmann E AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Fellendorf, Frederike AU - Fellendorf F AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Schonthaler, Elena M AU - Schonthaler EM AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Lenger, Melanie AU - Lenger M AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Hiendl, Lena AU - Hiendl L AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Bonkat, Nina AU - Bonkat N AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Wagner-Skacel, Jolana AU - Wagner-Skacel J AD - Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Bengesser, Susanne AU - Bengesser S AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Angel, Hans-Ferdinand AU - Angel HF AD - Department of Catechetics and Religious Education, Karl-Franzens-University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Seitz, Rudiger J AU - Seitz RJ AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Centre of Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum Dusseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University of Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Reininghaus, Eva Z AU - Reininghaus EZ AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. FAU - Dalkner, Nina AU - Dalkner N AD - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220921 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC9532762 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - beliefs OT - cognition OT - credition OT - emotion OT - workers in the health sector COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/11 06:01 PMCR- 2022/09/21 CRDT- 2022/10/10 04:39 PHST- 2022/07/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/10 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/11 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.993323 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2022 Sep 21;13:993323. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.993323. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36212856 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221011 IS - 1664-302X (Print) IS - 1664-302X (Electronic) IS - 1664-302X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Impact of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells on the immune response after mRNA-based Comirnaty vaccine in seronegative health care workers. PG - 1002748 LID - 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1002748 [doi] LID - 1002748 AB - PURPOSE: To analyze the impact of SARS-COV-2-specific memory B cells (MBC) on the immune response after two doses of mRNA-based Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine in seronegative health care workers. This study is seeking a rationale for boosting vaccines. METHODS: Longitudinal study including 31 seronegative health care workers with undetectable specific MBCs (IgG(-)MBC(-) group), 24 seronegative with detectable specific MBCs (IgG(-)MBC(+) group), and 24 seropositive with detectable specific MBCs (IgG(+)MBC(+) group). The level of antibodies that inhibit ACE2-RBD interaction, and anti-Spike IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies was quantified by ELISA. In addition, specific memory B and T cells were quantified by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The level of specific MBCs, and isotypes, in the IgG(-)MBC(-) group was lower compared to that found in IgG(-)MBC(+) (p = 0.0001) and IgG(+)MBC(+) (p < 0.0001) groups, respectively. ACE2-RBD neutralizing antibodies and anti-S IgG antibodies were at lower levels in the IgG(-)MBC(-)group after the vaccine. Specific MBCs directly correlated with specific CD4(+) T cells (although not significant, p = 0.065), while no correlation was found with specific CD8(+) T cells (p = 0.156) after the vaccine. In parallel, ACE2-RBD neutralizing antibodies only positively correlated with specific CD4(+) T cells (p = 0.034). CONCLUSION: IgG(-)MBC(-) individuals showed the worst humoral and cellular responses, both in frequency and magnitude, after vaccination. Individuals whose antibodies wane and become undetectable after a given period of time post vaccination and show no specific MBCs are less protected and hence are good candidates for boosting vaccine. On the other hand, seronegative individuals with specific MBC showed faster and higher responses compared to the IgG(-)MBC(-) group. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Vallejo, Vizcarra, Martin-Hondarza, Gomez-Maldonado, Haemmerle, Velasco and Casado. FAU - Vallejo, Alejandro AU - Vallejo A AD - Laboratory of Immunovirology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Investigation (IRyCIS), University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Vizcarra, Pilar AU - Vizcarra P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Investigation (IRyCIS), University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martin-Hondarza, Adrian AU - Martin-Hondarza A AD - Laboratory of Immunovirology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Investigation (IRyCIS), University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gomez-Maldonado, Sandra AU - Gomez-Maldonado S AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Investigation (IRyCIS), University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Haemmerle, Johannes AU - Haemmerle J AD - Department of Prevention of Occupational Risks, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Velasco, Hector AU - Velasco H AD - Laboratory of Immunovirology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Investigation (IRyCIS), University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Casado, Jose L AU - Casado JL AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Investigation (IRyCIS), University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220923 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Microbiol JT - Frontiers in microbiology JID - 101548977 PMC - PMC9535088 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell response OT - immune response OT - specific memory B cells OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/11 06:01 PMCR- 2022/09/23 CRDT- 2022/10/10 04:20 PHST- 2022/07/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/10 04:20 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/11 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1002748 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Microbiol. 2022 Sep 23;13:1002748. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1002748. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36211689 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221011 LR - 20250530 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2022 TI - COVID-19 vaccination roll-outs in eleven small countries within the WHO European region; Lessons learned. PG - 959227 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.959227 [doi] LID - 959227 AB - The development and administration of COVID-19 vaccines has been an essential element in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. However, countries worldwide have faced challenges in planning and implementing vaccination strategies. The aim of the current paper is to describe the situation faced by small countries in the WHO European Region in implementing their national vaccination strategies during the first stages of the planned roll-out (up to May 2021). This paper uses information from the WHO Small Countries Initiative (SCI), which includes a network of 11 countries with populations of 12 months after the infection, COVID-19 survivors had a significantly higher incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety than the non-COVID-19 cohort. Furthermore, depression, cognitive deficit, tics, impaired quality of life and general health impairment were significantly more prevalent among COVID-19 survivors at < 6 months, 6-12 months and > 12 months than in the non-COVID-19 cohort. However, respiratory symptoms were significantly more prevalent among COVID-19 survivors only in the first 6 months after infection. In addition, cognitive deficit (OR = 0.15; 95% CI 0.03-0.87) and impaired quality of life (B = - 2.11; 95% CI - 4.21 to - 0.20) were significantly less prevalent among vaccinated COVID-19 survivors than among nonvaccinated survivors. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish the time that should elapse after COVID-19 infection for the symptoms of PACS to appear. Randomized clinical trials are needed to assess the possibility that COVID-19 vaccines might relieve PACS symptoms. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Albtoosh, Asma S AU - Albtoosh AS AD - Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Toubasi, Ahmad A AU - Toubasi AA AD - Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan. tubasi_ahmad@yahoo.com. FAU - Al Oweidat, Khaled AU - Al Oweidat K AD - Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Hasuneh, Manar M AU - Hasuneh MM AD - Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan. FAU - Alshurafa, Abdullah H AU - Alshurafa AH AD - Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan. FAU - Alfaqheri, Daniah L AU - Alfaqheri DL AD - Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan. FAU - Farah, Randa I AU - Farah RI AD - Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221008 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cohort Studies MH - Humans MH - Prevalence MH - Quality of Life MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology/psychology MH - Survivors/psychology PMC - PMC9547088 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/10/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/12 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/08 CRDT- 2022/10/08 23:37 PHST- 2022/01/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/08 23:37 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-21289-y [pii] AID - 21289 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-21289-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2022 Oct 8;12(1):16921. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-21289-y. PMID- 36202167 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221215 LR - 20230417 IS - 1090-2139 (Electronic) IS - 0889-1591 (Print) IS - 0889-1591 (Linking) VI - 107 DP - 2023 Jan TI - COVID-19 vaccination may enhance hippocampal neurogenesis in adults. PG - 87-89 LID - S0889-1591(22)00403-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.09.020 [doi] AB - Emerging evidence suggests a detrimental impact of COVID-19 illness on the continued hippocampal neurogenesis in adults. In contrast, the existing literature supports an enhancing effect of COVID-19 vaccination on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Vaccines against respiratory infections, including influenza, have been shown to enhance hippocampal neurogenesis in adult-age animals. We propose that a similar benefit may happen in COVID-19 vaccinated adults. The vaccine-induced enhancement of the hippocampal neurogenesis in adults thus may protect against age-related cognitive decline and mental disorders. It alsohints at an added mental health benefit of the COVID-19 vaccination programs in adults. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kumar, Ashutosh AU - Kumar A AD - Etiologically Elusive Disorders Research Network (EEDRN), New Delhi, India; Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, India. Electronic address: drashutoshkumar@aiimspatna.org. FAU - Narayan, Ravi K AU - Narayan RK AD - Etiologically Elusive Disorders Research Network (EEDRN), New Delhi, India; Department of Anatomy, Dr. B.C. Roy Multi Speciality Medical Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India. FAU - Prasoon, Pranav AU - Prasoon P AD - Etiologically Elusive Disorders Research Network (EEDRN), New Delhi, India; Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Jha, Rakesh K AU - Jha RK AD - Etiologically Elusive Disorders Research Network (EEDRN), New Delhi, India; Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, India. FAU - Kumar, Sujeet AU - Kumar S AD - Etiologically Elusive Disorders Research Network (EEDRN), New Delhi, India; Centre for Proteomics and Drug Discovery, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Kumari, Chiman AU - Kumari C AD - Etiologically Elusive Disorders Research Network (EEDRN), New Delhi, India; Department of Anatomy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. FAU - Pandey, Sada N AU - Pandey SN AD - Etiologically Elusive Disorders Research Network (EEDRN), New Delhi, India; Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, India. FAU - Faiq, Muneeb A AU - Faiq MA AD - Etiologically Elusive Disorders Research Network (EEDRN), New Delhi, India; New York University (NYU) Langone Health Center, NYU Robert I Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20221003 PL - Netherlands TA - Brain Behav Immun JT - Brain, behavior, and immunity JID - 8800478 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM CIN - Brain Behav Immun. 2023 Jan;107:401-402. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.11.010. PMID: 36402396 MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control PMC - PMC9527215 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acquired immunity OT - Adult OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - Hippocampus OT - Neurogenesis COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/10/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/03 CRDT- 2022/10/06 19:13 PHST- 2022/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/06 19:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0889-1591(22)00403-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.09.020 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun. 2023 Jan;107:87-89. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.09.020. Epub 2022 Oct 3. PMID- 36196331 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221007 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 8 DP - 2022 Aug TI - COVID-19-Induced Seizures: A Meta-Analysis of Case Series and Retrospective Cohorts. PG - e28633 LID - 10.7759/cureus.28633 [doi] LID - e28633 AB - The adverse events and complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continue to challenge the medical profession despite the worldwide vaccination against the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19. Other than typical respiratory manifestations, COVID-19 also presents a wide range of neurological manifestations. This article underlines the pooled incidence of COVID-19-induced seizures in patients with epilepsy and without epilepsy. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocols, we conducted a bibliographical search, and an initial search revealed 1,375 articles. In total, 21 articles were included in the final analysis by following the inclusion criteria. A total of 11,526 patients from 21 published articles that met the predetermined search criteria were included. The median age of the patients was 61.9 years, of whom 51.5% were males. A total of 255 patients presented with seizures as the first manifestation of COVID-19 with a prevalence of 2.2% (95% confidence interval = 0.05-0.24, p < 0.01) (I (2) = 97%), of which 71 patients had previously been diagnosed with epilepsy. Among patients with epilepsy, 49 patients had seizures as an initial presentation of SARA-CoV-2 with an incidence of 72% (0.54-0.85, p = 0.1) (I (2) = 34). Although the incidence of COVID-19-induced seizures is not high compared to other neurological manifestations, seizure incidence in epileptic patients with COVID-19 is remarkably high. New-onset seizures in any patient should be considered a presentation of COVID-19 in the absence of other causative factors. CI - Copyright (c) 2022, Hussaini et al. FAU - Hussaini, Helai AU - Hussaini H AD - Neurology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, CAN. FAU - Rogers, Sylvette AU - Rogers S AD - Neurology, Caribbean Medical University, Atlanta, USA. FAU - Kataria, Saurabh AU - Kataria S AD - Neurology, Ochsner Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA. AD - Neurology and Neurocritical Care, University of Missouri Health Care, Columbia, USA. AD - Neurology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA. FAU - Uddin, Khalid AU - Uddin K AD - Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA. FAU - Mohamed, Khalid H AU - Mohamed KH AD - Neurology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, GBR. FAU - Mohamed, Alaa S AU - Mohamed AS AD - Neurology, Augusta University, Augusta, USA. FAU - Tariq, Farhan AU - Tariq F AD - Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK. FAU - Ahmad, Sarfaraz AU - Ahmad S AD - Internal Medicine, Saint James School of Medicine, Chicago, USA. FAU - Awais, Anum AU - Awais A AD - Internal Medicine, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, PAK. FAU - Ahmed, Zahoor AU - Ahmed Z AD - Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, PAK. FAU - Chukwurah, Anthony AU - Chukwurah A AD - General Medicine, Apex Specialist Hospital, Awka, NGA. FAU - Khan, Aadil AU - Khan A AD - Internal Medicine, Lala Lajpat Rai Hospital, Kanpur, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220831 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC9524720 OTO - NOTNLM OT - coronavirus disease 2019 OT - covid-19 OT - epilepsy OT - neurological manifestations OT - seizure COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/10/06 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/06 06:01 PMCR- 2022/08/31 CRDT- 2022/10/05 01:48 PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/05 01:48 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/06 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.28633 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2022 Aug 31;14(8):e28633. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28633. eCollection 2022 Aug. PMID- 36189203 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221004 LR - 20231106 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Prospects of animal models and their application in studies on adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2. PG - 993754 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993754 [doi] LID - 993754 AB - The adaptive immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 plays a key role in the antiviral process and can protect the body from the threat of infection for a certain period of time. However, owing to the limitations of clinical studies, the antiviral mechanisms, protective thresholds, and persistence of the immune memory of adaptive immune responses remain unclear. This review summarizes existing research models for SARS-CoV-2 and elaborates on the advantages of animal models in simulating the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in humans. In addition, we systematically summarize the research progress on the SARS-CoV-2 adaptive immune response and the remaining key issues, as well as the application and prospects of animal models in this field. This paper provides direction for in-depth analysis of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 mechanism of the adaptive immune response and lays the foundation for the development and application of vaccines and drugs. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Wei, Rong and Liu. FAU - Wei, Xiaohui AU - Wei X AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Rong, Na AU - Rong N AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Jiangning AU - Liu J AD - National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20220916 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) SB - IM MH - Adaptive Immunity MH - Animals MH - Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Models, Animal MH - *SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9523127 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive immunity OT - animal model OT - cross-immune response OT - immune memory OT - tissue-resident immune response COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/05 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/16 CRDT- 2022/10/03 05:18 PHST- 2022/07/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/03 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993754 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Sep 16;13:993754. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993754. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36188733 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240905 IS - 2220-3249 (Print) IS - 2220-3249 (Electronic) IS - 2220-3249 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 5 DP - 2022 Sep 25 TI - Mucosal COVID-19 vaccines: Risks, benefits and control of the pandemic. PG - 221-236 LID - 10.5501/wjv.v11.i5.221 [doi] AB - Based on mucosal immunization to promote both mucosal and systemic immune responses, next-generation coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines would be administered intranasally or orally. The goal of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines is to provide adequate immune protection and avoid severe disease and death. Mucosal vaccine candidates for COVID-19 including vector vaccines, recombinant subunit vaccines and live attenuated vaccines are under development. Furthermore, subunit protein vac-cines and virus-vectored vaccines have made substantial progress in preclinical and clinical settings, resulting in SARS-CoV-2 intranasal vaccines based on the previously successfully used nasal vaccines. Additional to their ability to trigger stable, protective immune responses at the sites of pathogenic infection, the development of 'specific' mucosal vaccines targeting coronavirus antigens could be an excellent option for preventing future pandemics. However, their efficacy and safety should be confirmed. CI - (c)The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Miteva, Dimitrina AU - Miteva D AD - Department of Genetics, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski," Faculty of Biology, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria. FAU - Peshevska-Sekulovska, Monika AU - Peshevska-Sekulovska M AD - Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Lozenetz, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria. AD - Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria. FAU - Snegarova, Violeta AU - Snegarova V AD - Clinic of Internal Diseases, Naval Hospital - Varna, Military Medical Academy, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Varna 9000, Bulgaria. FAU - Batselova, Hristiana AU - Batselova H AD - Department of Epidemiology and Disaster Medicine, Medical University, Plovdiv, University Hospital "St George", Plovdiv 6000, Bulgaria. FAU - Alexandrova, Radostina AU - Alexandrova R AD - Department of Pathology, Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria. FAU - Velikova, Tsvetelina AU - Velikova T AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Lozenetz, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria. AD - Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria. tsvelikova@medfac.mu-sofia.bg. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - World J Virol JT - World journal of virology JID - 101608353 PMC - PMC9523321 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - Intranasal vaccination OT - Mucosal immunity OT - OraPro-COVID-19 vaccine OT - Oral vaccines OT - RPS-vector system platform OT - Resident memory T cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine safety OT - Vaxart COIS- Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/04 06:01 PMCR- 2022/09/25 CRDT- 2022/10/03 05:12 PHST- 2022/03/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/03 05:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/04 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.5501/wjv.v11.i5.221 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - World J Virol. 2022 Sep 25;11(5):221-236. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v11.i5.221. PMID- 36172379 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220930 LR - 20240904 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Durable antibody and effector memory T cell responses in breastmilk from women with SARS-CoV-2. PG - 985226 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.985226 [doi] LID - 985226 AB - BACKGROUND: Given that only 25% of pregnant women elect to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection remains an important route of conferring protective passive immunity to breastfed infants of mothers who are not vaccinated. METHODS: We enrolled 30 lactating participants between December 2020 and March 2021 who had a positive PCR-test and their first COVID-19 symptoms within the previous 21 days. Participants were asked to provide serial bilateral milk samples at 12 timepoints (~ every 3 days) over a period of 35 days. A second set of samples was collected at least four months after the beginning of the first set. Participants also were asked to provide their dried blood spots and infant stool samples. All samples were tested for receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgG, and IgM. Milk samples were assessed for neutralizing ability against the spike protein and four SARS-CoV-2 variants: D614G, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), and Gamma (P.1). Permeability of the breast epithelium was assessed by measuring the sodium to potassium ions (Na:K) in milk. Using flow cytometry, memory CD4 and CD8 T cells (CD45RO(+) and CCR7(+/-)) and mucosal-homing CD4 and CD8 T cells (CD103(+)) were determined in cells from milk expressed at 35 days and at least 4 months after their first milk donation. RESULTS: Milk antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 positive participants neutralized the spike complex. Milk from 73, 90, and 53% of participants had binding reactivities to RBD-specific IgA, IgG, and IgM, respectively. In contrast to blood spots, which showed increased levels of IgG, but not IgA or IgM, the COVID-19 response in milk was associated with a robust IgA response. Twenty-seven percent of participants had increased breast-epithelium permeability, as indicated by Na:K >/= 0.6. The percentage of CD45RO(+)CCR7(-) effector-memory T cells in the day >/=120 milk samples was significantly higher than day 35 samples (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Antibodies in milk from participants with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection and those who recovered can neutralize the spike complex. For the first time we show that breastmilk T cells are enriched for mucosal memory T cells, further emphasizing the passive protection against SARS-CoV-2 conferred to infants via breastmilk. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Narayanaswamy, Pentecost, Telfer, Burnside, Schneider, Alfandari, Baker, Saiju, Nodiff and Arcaro. FAU - Narayanaswamy, Vignesh AU - Narayanaswamy V AD - Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States. FAU - Pentecost, Brian T AU - Pentecost BT AD - Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States. FAU - Telfer, Janice C AU - Telfer JC AD - Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States. FAU - Burnside, Amy S AU - Burnside AS AD - Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States. FAU - Schneider, Sallie S AU - Schneider SS AD - Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA, United States. FAU - Alfandari, Dominique AU - Alfandari D AD - Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States. FAU - Baker, Ryan L AU - Baker RL AD - Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States. FAU - Saiju, Aman AU - Saiju A AD - Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States. FAU - Nodiff, Sam AU - Nodiff S AD - Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States. FAU - Arcaro, Kathleen F AU - Arcaro KF AD - Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States. LA - eng GR - R01 CA230478/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R24 OD021485/OD/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220912 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (Receptors, CCR7) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 9NEZ333N27 (Sodium) RN - RWP5GA015D (Potassium) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin A MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Immunoglobulin M MH - Infant MH - Lactation MH - Memory T Cells MH - Milk, Human MH - Potassium MH - Pregnancy MH - Receptors, CCR7 MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Sodium MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC9512087 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - breast milk OT - breast permeability OT - flow cytometry OT - memory T cells OT - mucosal immunity COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/01 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/12 CRDT- 2022/09/29 02:17 PHST- 2022/07/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/29 02:17 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.985226 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Sep 12;13:985226. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.985226. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36170723 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220930 LR - 20221207 IS - 0353-5053 (Print) IS - 0353-5053 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - Suppl 8 DP - 2022 Sep TI - Educational Initiative about the COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Neuropsychiatry for Early Career Professionals in EU: The Impact of the Novel Virus on Brain, Mind, and Society. PG - 164-169 AB - BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic brought challenges to governments, healthcare systems (including, mental healthcare services), clinicians and researchers in the EU and worldwide. A range of neurological (e.g., brain fog, encephalitis, myalgia) and psychiatric (e.g., affective disorders, delirium, cognitive disturbances) complications of a novel nature have been observed in patients during the acute phase of illness, which often persist as a Long-COVID state for months after the primary recovery. The pandemic has progressed to a psychodemic and syndemic, affecting communities with social distress, panic, fears, increased home violence, and protest movements that derive from conspiracy theories and hostile attitudes towards vaccination and lockdown measures. In response to this complex scenario of major social changes, universities must face the need to equip the new generation of doctors with novel special skills. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study course (50 hours duration; 20 lectures, three webinars, three e-discussion forums, five local seminars, two social events, three intermediate assessments and a final test for certification; bilingual Russian/English hybrid format, information materials, video-content, interactive web-page and social media) was developed by the team of the International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry (ICERN), and is unique for the EU. The course integrates the most relevant data on SARS-Cov-2-related neuropsychiatry, and COVID-19' pandemic impact on mental health and society, including assignment of the vulnerable groups of students and healthcare professionals. The major topics covered during the course are (i) Novel virus, (ii) Brain, (iii) Society. The project takes place originally in Samara State Medical University. The ICERN Faculty includes academic staff from France, Hungary, Italy, Russia, Switzerland, invited speakers from the WHO Regional Office for Europe and World Psychiatric Association (EU Zones) members, some of them employed at ICERN by remote work contracts. The format of the educational process for students is hybrid suggesting both remote and face-to-face events. Distant learning participants and EU lecturers are to attend on-line via zoom platform, whereas local participants and staff work face-to-face in the ICERN video-conference room. The course is addressed to a broad audience of doctors, undergraduate and postgraduate students, and researchers from EU wishing to upgrade their knowledge in the pandemic-associated neuropsychiatry. RESULTS: The evaluation process supposes three intermediate assessments and a final test for certification. On-line assessment is to be performed at the project web-page - 10 randomly selected questions with scoring from 1 to 10 each. The Pass Score is 70-100. At the end of the course all the participants receive certificates of Samara State Medical University according to the ERASMUS policy book, as planned in 2021. CONCLUSIONS: We formatted this course as essential for the target audience to improve their resources of professional adaptability in the field of neuropsychiatry and mental healthcare management during challenging times. The ICERN course in pandemic-related neuropsychiatry is essential for early career health professionals and targets the principles of "academia without borders" in the context of international medical knowledge exchange. In the conditions of the changing social situation this educational content is necessary for the young doctors to acquire the add-on skills on flexibility to switch toward new professional approaches in the times of need. The long-term outcomes in pandemic-related neuropsychiatry are still to be seen, though the first feedback on the course content is already promising for the academic community. FAU - Kozina, Tatiana AU - Kozina T AD - Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia. FAU - Gonda, Xenia AU - Gonda X FAU - Thibaut, Florence AU - Thibaut F FAU - Tavormina, Giuseppe AU - Tavormina G FAU - Borisova, Natalia AU - Borisova N FAU - Gorbatchev, Dmitriy AU - Gorbatchev D FAU - Protasov, Andrey AU - Protasov A FAU - Kolsanov, Aleksandr AU - Kolsanov A FAU - Smirnova, Daria AU - Smirnova D LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Croatia TA - Psychiatr Danub JT - Psychiatria Danubina JID - 9424753 SB - IM MH - Brain MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Communicable Disease Control MH - Humans MH - *Neuropsychiatry MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome EDAT- 2022/09/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/01 06:00 CRDT- 2022/09/28 17:32 PHST- 2022/09/28 17:32 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/01 06:00 [medline] PST - ppublish SO - Psychiatr Danub. 2022 Sep;34(Suppl 8):164-169. PMID- 36169252 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220929 LR - 20240903 IS - 2050-4527 (Electronic) IS - 2050-4527 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 10 DP - 2022 Oct TI - Comparison between enzyme-linked immunospot assay and intracellular cytokine flow cytometry assays for the evaluation of T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 after symptomatic COVID-19. PG - e617 LID - 10.1002/iid3.617 [doi] LID - e617 AB - INTRODUCTION: Evaluation of different cell-based assays for the study of adaptive immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for studying long-term and vaccine-induced immunity. METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISpot) and intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) using peptide pools spanning the spike protein and nucleoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 were performed in 25 patients who recovered from paucisymptomatic (n = 19) or severe COVID-19 (n = 6). RESULTS: The proportion of paucisymptomatic patients with detectable SARS-CoV-2 T cells was low, as only 44% exhibit a positive T cell response with the ICS and 67% with the ELISpot. The magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses was low, both with ICS (median at 0.12% among total T cells) and ELISpot (median at 61 SFCs/million peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMC]) assays. Moreover, T cell responses in paucisymptomatic patients seemed lower than among patients with severe disease. In the paucisymptomatic patients, the two assays were well correlated with 76% of concordant responses and a Cohen's kappa of 55. Furthermore, in four patients SARS-CoV-2 T cells were detected by ELISpot but not with ICS. Short-term culture could improve the detection of specific T cells. CONCLUSIONS: In patients who recovered from paucisymptomatic COVID-19, the proportion of detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 responses and their magnitude seemed lower than in patients with more severe symptoms. The ELISpot appeared to be more sensitive than the ICS assay. Short-term culture revealed that paucisymptomatic patients had nonetheless few SARS-CoV-2 T cells at a very low rate in peripheral blood. These data indicate that various ex-vivo assays may lead to different conclusions about the presence or absence of SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Villemonteix, Juliette AU - Villemonteix J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6601-7820 AD - Laboratory of Immunology, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. FAU - Cohen, Laure AU - Cohen L AD - General Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Guihot, Amelie AU - Guihot A AD - Laboratory of Immunology, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, APHP, Paris Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France. FAU - Guerin, Valerie AU - Guerin V AD - Laboratory of Immunology, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Moulin, Clementine AU - Moulin C AD - Laboratory of Immunology, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Caseris, Marion AU - Caseris M AD - General Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Carol, Agnes AU - Carol A AD - Laboratory of Microbiology, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. FAU - Bonacorsi, Stephane AU - Bonacorsi S AD - Laboratory of Microbiology, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Carcelain, Guislaine AU - Carcelain G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3192-3858 AD - Laboratory of Immunology, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. AD - Unite Inserm U976, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Immun Inflamm Dis JT - Immunity, inflammation and disease JID - 101635460 RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Nucleoproteins) RN - 0 (Peptides) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Cytokines MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay MH - Flow Cytometry MH - Humans MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - Nucleoproteins MH - Peptides MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - T-Lymphocytes PMC - PMC9449588 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ELISpot assay OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cellular immunity OT - intracellular cytokine staining assay OT - memory T cells OT - paucisymptomatic COVID-19 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/30 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/07 CRDT- 2022/09/28 08:42 PHST- 2022/03/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/28 08:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IID3617 [pii] AID - 10.1002/iid3.617 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immun Inflamm Dis. 2022 Oct;10(10):e617. doi: 10.1002/iid3.617. PMID- 36156595 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220928 LR - 20220930 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 9 DP - 2022 TI - Predictors of fatal neurological complications among admitted COVID-19 patients with their implication in outcome: A Case Control study. PG - e0274485 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0274485 [doi] LID - e0274485 AB - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is known to be associated to potentially fatal neurological complications; therefore, it is essential to understand the risk factors for its development and the impact they have on the outcome of COVID-19 patients. AIMS: To determine the risk factors for developing fatal neurological complications and their outcome in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Case control study based on hospitalized patients was conducted from July 15th 2021 to December 15th 2021. Cases and controls were COVID-19 confirmed patients with and without severe neurological manifestations. Age, comorbid conditions, vaccination status, Blood Sugar Random (BSR), D-dimers levels, anticoagulation type and dosage were taken as predictors (exposure variables) for developing neurological complications. In the case-only (subgroup) analysis, 28-day mortality were analyzed using the same predictors including admission hypoxemia. Chi square test and regression model were built to calculate OR with 95%CI. RESULTS: Among 383 patients (median age, 56 years [IQR, 24-110]; 49.9% men); 95 had neurological complications (cases) and 288 did not (controls). Development of neurological complications among COVID-19 related hospitalizations was significantly associated with old age >71 yrs. (cases, 23.2%; controls, 13.5%; OR, 3.31; 95% CI, 1.28-8.55), presence of diabetes mellitus (37.9% vs. 24%; OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2-3.1), admission hyperglycemia (BSR 351-600 mg/dl), (29.5% vs. 7.6%; OR, 3.11; 95%CI, 1.54-6.33), raised D-dimer levels 5000-10,000 ng/ml (41% vs. 11.8%; OR, 5.2; 95% CI, 3.02-8.9), prophylactic dose anticoagulation (43.2% vs. 28.1%; OR, 1.9; 95%CI, 1.2-3.1), and unvaccinated status of COVID-19 patients (90.5% vs. 75.6%; OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.44-6.25). Neurological complications with COVID-19 were associated with increased likelihood of death or invasive mechanical ventilation by day 28 (86.3% vs. 45.1%; OR, 7.66; 95% CI, 4.08-14.4). In case-only analysis (median age, 56 years [IQR, 27,110]; 50.5% women), 67 (70.5%) had CVE, 21 (22.1%) had Encephalitis, and 7 (7.4%) had GBS as neurological manifestations. 28-day mortality among these patients was strongly associated with a lower likelihood of vaccination. (6.1% cases vs. 30.8% controls; OR, .146; 95%CI, .033- .64), being younger 17-45 yrs. (12.2% vs. 46.2%; OR, .162; 95%CI, .045-.58), having no comorbid condition (19.5% vs. 61.5%; OR, .151; 95%CI, .044- .525), having cerebrovascular events and GBS as type of neurological manifestation (76.8% vs.30.8%; OR, 7.46; 95%CI, 2.06-26.96), (2.4% vs. 38.4%; OR, .04; 95%CI, .007- 0.24) respectively, and presence of hypoxemia at admission (91.5% vs. 15.4%; OR, 58.92; 95%CI, 10.83-320.67). CONCLUSION: Old age, presence of Diabetes Mellitus, unvaccinated status of patients, high BSR at admission, high D-dimers, and prophylactic dose anticoagulation were identifies as increased risk factors for developing serious neurological complications among COVID-19 patients. Neurological problems in COVID-19 patients raised death risk 7.6-fold. The most common neurological complication was cerebrovascular events, followed by encephalitis and GBS. Unvaccinated status, cerebrovascular events, and admission hypoxemia are associated with an increased likelihood of 28-day mortality among these patients. FAU - Aslam, Javaria AU - Aslam J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3777-3165 AD - Department of Medicine, Qauid e Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. AD - Department of Medicine, Sir, Sadiq Abbasi Hospital, Qauid e Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. FAU - Luqman, Shoaib AU - Luqman S AD - Department of Neurology, Qauid e Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. FAU - Nazly, Sadaf AU - Nazly S AD - Department of Medicine, Sir, Sadiq Abbasi Hospital, Qauid e Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. FAU - Saeed, Alina AU - Saeed A AD - Department of Medicine, Sir, Sadiq Abbasi Hospital, Qauid e Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. FAU - Tariq, Muhammad Sohail AU - Tariq MS AD - Department of Medicine, Qauid e Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. FAU - Alfaife, Sultan Yahya Mohammad AU - Alfaife SYM AD - Department of General Medicine, General Directorate of Health Affairs, Aseer Region, Ministry of Health, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Aneela, Irrum AU - Aneela I AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Astley Ainslie Hospital, Edinburg, Scotland, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220926 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (Anticoagulants) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Anticoagulants MH - Blood Glucose MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology MH - *Encephalitis MH - Female MH - Hospitalization MH - Humans MH - Hypoxia MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology/etiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9512176 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/09/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/28 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/26 CRDT- 2022/09/26 16:43 PHST- 2022/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/26 16:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-22-05696 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0274485 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2022 Sep 26;17(9):e0274485. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274485. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36149398 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220928 LR - 20231213 IS - 1540-9538 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1007 (Print) IS - 0022-1007 (Linking) VI - 219 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 5 TI - Memory B cell responses to Omicron subvariants after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA breakthrough infection in humans. LID - 10.1084/jem.20221006 [doi] LID - e20221006 AB - Individuals who receive a third mRNA vaccine dose show enhanced protection against severe COVID-19, but little is known about the impact of breakthrough infections on memory responses. Here, we examine the memory antibodies that develop after a third or fourth antigenic exposure by Delta or Omicron BA.1 infection, respectively. A third exposure to antigen by Delta breakthrough increases the number of memory B cells that produce antibodies with comparable potency and breadth to a third mRNA vaccine dose. A fourth antigenic exposure with Omicron BA.1 infection increased variant-specific plasma antibody and memory B cell responses. However, the fourth exposure did not increase the overall frequency of memory B cells or their general potency or breadth compared to a third mRNA vaccine dose. In conclusion, a third antigenic exposure by Delta infection elicits strain-specific memory responses and increases in the overall potency and breadth of the memory B cells. In contrast, the effects of a fourth antigenic exposure with Omicron BA.1 are limited to increased strain-specific memory with little effect on the potency or breadth of memory B cell antibodies. The results suggest that the effect of strain-specific boosting on memory B cell compartment may be limited. CI - (c) 2022 Wang et al. FAU - Wang, Zijun AU - Wang Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2095-2151 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Zhou, Pengcheng AU - Zhou P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7736-2902 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Muecksch, Frauke AU - Muecksch F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0132-5101 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Cho, Alice AU - Cho A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6354-6148 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Ben Tanfous, Tarek AU - Ben Tanfous T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5575-5035 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Canis, Marie AU - Canis M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9243-867X AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Witte, Leander AU - Witte L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4704-8461 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Johnson, Brianna AU - Johnson B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3214-284X AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Raspe, Raphael AU - Raspe R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3409-4968 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Schmidt, Fabian AU - Schmidt F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7731-6685 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Bednarski, Eva AU - Bednarski E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4438-5590 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Da Silva, Justin AU - Da Silva J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6393-0000 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Ramos, Victor AU - Ramos V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7353-3420 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Zong, Shuai AU - Zong S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7067-6757 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Turroja, Martina AU - Turroja M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9640-0559 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Millard, Katrina G AU - Millard KG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2247-3178 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Yao, Kai-Hui AU - Yao KH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7912-5516 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Shimeliovich, Irina AU - Shimeliovich I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7030-294X AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Dizon, Juan AU - Dizon J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1956-1169 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Kaczynska, Anna AU - Kaczynska A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7684-219X AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Jankovic, Mila AU - Jankovic M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9696-5234 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Gazumyan, Anna AU - Gazumyan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5976-9717 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Oliveira, Thiago Y AU - Oliveira TY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2654-0879 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Caskey, Marina AU - Caskey M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1727-8693 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Gaebler, Christian AU - Gaebler C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7295-8128 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2368-3719 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD. FAU - Hatziioannou, Theodora AU - Hatziioannou T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7889-0766 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Nussenzweig, Michel C AU - Nussenzweig MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0592-8564 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD. LA - eng GR - UL1 TR001866/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI165075/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI138938/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United States GR - R37 AI064003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI111825/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI078788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220923 PL - United States TA - J Exp Med JT - The Journal of experimental medicine JID - 2985109R RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Memory B Cells MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9513381 COIS- Disclosures: P.D. Bieniasz reported personal fees from Pfizer outside the submitted work. M.C. Nussenzweig reported personal fees from Celldex, Walking Fish, Aerium, Frontier Bio, and Apriori Bio outside the submitted work; in addition, M.C. Nussenzweig had a patent to 63/371,285 pending. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2022/09/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/28 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/23 CRDT- 2022/09/23 10:53 PHST- 2022/06/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/23 10:53 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 213497 [pii] AID - jem.20221006 [pii] AID - 10.1084/jem.20221006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exp Med. 2022 Dec 5;219(12):e20221006. doi: 10.1084/jem.20221006. Epub 2022 Sep 23. PMID- 36139625 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220928 IS - 2072-6694 (Print) IS - 2072-6694 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6694 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 18 DP - 2022 Sep 14 TI - Immune Profiling Uncovers Memory T-Cell Responses with a Th17 Signature in Cancer Patients with Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection Followed by mRNA Vaccination. LID - 10.3390/cancers14184464 [doi] LID - 4464 AB - It is unclear whether patients with cancer present inherently impaired responses to COVID-19 and vaccination due to their treatments, neoplastic diseases or both. To address this question, immune profiling was performed in three cohorts of healthy donors and oncologic patients: infected with SARS-CoV-2, BNT162b2-vaccinated, and with previous COVID-19 disease and subsequently vaccinated. Cancer patients showed good antibody responses to vaccination, but poor induction of T-cell responses towards the S protein when compared to infection. Following natural infection, the major targets for T-cells were the SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins M and S, but not the N protein. Similar to antibody titers, the T-cell responses quickly decayed after six months post-vaccination. Significant memory T-cell expansion was observed in vaccinated donors only if previously diagnosed with COVID-19 before undergoing vaccination. Oncologic patients with previous COVID-19 followed by vaccination exhibited potent IL-17+ CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses and elevated numbers of circulating neutrophils in peripheral blood. FAU - Echaide, Miriam AU - Echaide M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6086-0200 AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Labiano, Ibone AU - Labiano I AD - Oncobiona Group-Navarrabiomed-UPNA-IdiSNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Delgado, Marina AU - Delgado M AD - Oncobiona Group-Navarrabiomed-UPNA-IdiSNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Fernandez de Lascoiti, Angela AU - Fernandez de Lascoiti A AD - Oncobiona Group-Navarrabiomed-UPNA-IdiSNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Ochoa, Patricia AU - Ochoa P AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Garnica, Maider AU - Garnica M AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Ramos, Pablo AU - Ramos P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7371-1626 AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Chocarro, Luisa AU - Chocarro L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7384-9847 AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Fernandez, Leticia AU - Fernandez L AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Arasanz, Hugo AU - Arasanz H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6838-6702 AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Bocanegra, Ana AU - Bocanegra A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3508-0595 AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Blanco, Ester AU - Blanco E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2980-7137 AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Pineiro-Hermida, Sergio AU - Pineiro-Hermida S AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Morente, Pilar AU - Morente P AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Vera, Ruth AU - Vera R AD - Oncobiona Group-Navarrabiomed-UPNA-IdiSNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Alsina, Maria AU - Alsina M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4835-7159 AD - Oncobiona Group-Navarrabiomed-UPNA-IdiSNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Escors, David AU - Escors D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2828-4458 AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Kochan, Grazyna AU - Kochan G AD - Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Fundacion Miguel Servet-Hospital Universitario de Navarra-UPNA-IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. LA - eng GR - PROYE16001ESCO/Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer/ GR - FIS PI17/02119/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - FIS PI20/00010/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - COV20/00000/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - TRANSPOCART ICI19/00069/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - BMED 050-2019/DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom GR - AGATA, Ref 0011-1411-2020-000013/Departamento de industria, Gobierno de Navarra/ GR - LINTERNA, Ref. 0011-1411-2020-000033/Departamento de industria, Gobierno de Navarra/ GR - DESCARTHES, 0011-1411-2019-000058/Departamento de Industria, Gobierno de Navarra/ GR - PID2019-108989RB-I00/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain/ GR - PLEC2021-008094/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain/ GR - MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain/ GR - grant agreement No 848166/Horizon 2020, European Union/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220914 PL - Switzerland TA - Cancers (Basel) JT - Cancers JID - 101526829 PMC - PMC9496802 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cancer OT - oncology OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/09/14 CRDT- 2022/09/23 01:07 PHST- 2022/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/23 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cancers14184464 [pii] AID - cancers-14-04464 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cancers14184464 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cancers (Basel). 2022 Sep 14;14(18):4464. doi: 10.3390/cancers14184464. PMID- 36138186 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221012 LR - 20261010 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 10 DP - 2022 Oct TI - Memory CD8(+) T cell diversity and B cell responses correlate with protection against SARS-CoV-2 following mRNA vaccination. PG - 1445-1456 LID - 10.1038/s41590-022-01313-z [doi] AB - Understanding immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines is of great interest, principally because of the poor knowledge about the mechanisms of protection. In the present study, we analyzed longitudinally B cell and T cell memory programs against the spike (S) protein derived from ancestral SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan-1), B.1.351 (beta), B.1.617.2 (delta) and B.1.1.529 (omicron) variants of concern (VOCs) after immunization with an mRNA-based vaccine (Pfizer). According to the magnitude of humoral responses 3 months after the first dose, we identified high and low responders. Opposite to low responders, high responders were characterized by enhanced antibody-neutralizing activity, increased frequency of central memory T cells and durable S-specific CD8(+) T cell responses. Reduced binding antibodies titers combined with long-term specific memory T cells that had distinct polyreactive properties were found associated with subsequent breakthrough with VOCs in low responders. These results have important implications for the design of new vaccines and new strategies for booster follow-up. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. FAU - Brasu, Nadia AU - Brasu N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7008-3727 AD - G. Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, IIGM, Candiolo, TO, Italy. AD - Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Elia, Ines AU - Elia I AD - G. Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, IIGM, Candiolo, TO, Italy. AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. FAU - Russo, Valentina AU - Russo V AD - G. Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, IIGM, Candiolo, TO, Italy. AD - Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Montacchiesi, Gaia AU - Montacchiesi G AD - G. Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, IIGM, Candiolo, TO, Italy. AD - Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Stabile, Simona Aversano AU - Stabile SA AD - G. Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, IIGM, Candiolo, TO, Italy. AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. FAU - De Intinis, Carlo AU - De Intinis C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6791-7126 AD - G. Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, IIGM, Candiolo, TO, Italy. AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. FAU - Fesi, Francesco AU - Fesi F AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. FAU - Gizzi, Katiuscia AU - Gizzi K AD - G. Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, IIGM, Candiolo, TO, Italy. AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. FAU - Macagno, Marco AU - Macagno M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1749-7813 AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. FAU - Montone, Monica AU - Montone M AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. FAU - Mussolin, Benedetta AU - Mussolin B AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2209-5966 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Faravelli, Silvia AU - Faravelli S AD - Armenise-Harvard Lab. of Structural Biology Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Marchese, Silvia AU - Marchese S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3822-7174 AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy. FAU - Forneris, Federico AU - Forneris F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7818-1804 AD - Armenise-Harvard Lab. of Structural Biology Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - De Francesco, Raffaele AU - De Francesco R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8754-5123 AD - Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7013-2250 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Barnaba, Vincenzo AU - Barnaba V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7908-8049 AD - Pasteur Institute Italy-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy. AD - Departement Scienze Cliniche, Interistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sottile, Antonino AU - Sottile A AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. FAU - Sapino, Anna AU - Sapino A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3542-9571 AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Pace, Luigia AU - Pace L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1694-2401 AD - G. Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, IIGM, Candiolo, TO, Italy. luigia.pace@iigm.it. AD - Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy. luigia.pace@iigm.it. LA - eng GR - 75N93021C00016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220922 PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - *Viral Vaccines EDAT- 2022/09/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/13 06:00 CRDT- 2022/09/22 23:29 PHST- 2022/01/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/22 23:29 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41590-022-01313-z [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-022-01313-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2022 Oct;23(10):1445-1456. doi: 10.1038/s41590-022-01313-z. Epub 2022 Sep 22. PMID- 36136251 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221129 LR - 20240908 IS - 1568-5608 (Electronic) IS - 0925-4692 (Print) IS - 0925-4692 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Dec TI - Glycyrrhizin and boswellic acids, the golden nutraceuticals: multitargeting for treatment of mild-moderate COVID-19 and prevention of post-COVID cognitive impairment. PG - 1977-1992 LID - 10.1007/s10787-022-01062-3 [doi] AB - Breakthrough infections have been reported in fully vaccinated persons. Furthermore, rebound symptoms have been reported following the new FDA granted emergency use to combat SARS-CoV-2. Glycyrrhizin (GR) and boswellic acids (BAs) combination has been shown to have highly successful actions against COVID-19 in our recent clinical trial. However, the study is limited by the small sample size, and therefore, the aim of this article is to comprehensively evaluate recent evidence on the efficacy of GR and BAs in preventing the development of COVID-19 in patients with mild and moderate infections and in preventing post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment, which is the most important symptom after recovery from Covid-19 disease. We have reviewed and discussed information published since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic until July 2022 on preclinical (in vivo, in vivo and bioinformatics) and clinical studies related to the antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of Gr and BAs. Sixteen studies were performed to determine the efficacy of GR against SARS-CoV-2. Ten studies were used primarily for in vitro and in vivo assays and six used molecular docking studies. However, the antiviral activity of BAs against SARS-CoV-2 was determined in only five studies using molecular modeling and bioinformatics. All these studies confirmed that GR n and BAs have strong antiviral activity and can be used as a therapeutic agent for COVID-19 and as a protective agent against SARS-CoV-2. They may act by inhibiting the main protease SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro) responsible for replication and blocking spike protein-mediated cell entry. Only seven rigorously designed clinical trials regarding the usefulness of GR, BAs or their combinations in the treatment of COVID-19 have been published as of July 2022. Although there is no clinical study regarding the treatment of cognitive impairment after COVID-19 that has been published so far, several preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the potential effect of GR and BAs in the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment by inhibiting the activity of several molecules that activate inflammatory signaling pathway. In conclusion, the findings of our study documented the beneficial use of GR and BAs to treat SARS-CoV-2 and its variants and prevent post-COVID cognitive impairment. However, it warrants further studies with a larger randomized sample size to ensure that the studies have sufficient evidence of benefits against COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 symptoms. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Gomaa, Adel A AU - Gomaa AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6462-0917 AD - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. a.gomma@aun.edu.eg. FAU - Abdel-Wadood, Yasmin A AU - Abdel-Wadood YA AD - Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. FAU - Gomaa, Mohamed A AU - Gomaa MA AD - Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220922 PL - Switzerland TA - Inflammopharmacology JT - Inflammopharmacology JID - 9112626 RN - 6FO62043WK (Glycyrrhizic Acid) RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Glycyrrhizic Acid/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Molecular Docking Simulation MH - Antiviral Agents MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction MH - Dietary Supplements MH - *COVID-19 Drug Treatment PMC - PMC9493173 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antiinflammatory OT - Antiviral OT - Boswellic acids OT - COVID-19 OT - Clinical trials OT - Cognitive impairment OT - Glycyrrhizin COIS- The author declares no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/30 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/22 CRDT- 2022/09/22 11:19 PHST- 2022/08/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/22 11:19 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10787-022-01062-3 [pii] AID - 1062 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10787-022-01062-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Inflammopharmacology. 2022 Dec;30(6):1977-1992. doi: 10.1007/s10787-022-01062-3. Epub 2022 Sep 22. PMID- 36128311 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220922 IS - 1016-1430 (Print) IS - 2251-6840 (Electronic) IS - 1016-1430 (Linking) VI - 36 DP - 2022 TI - Bell's Palsy and COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review. PG - 85 LID - 10.47176/mjiri.36.85 [doi] LID - 85 AB - Background: Bell's palsy is a rare adverse event reported in COVID-19 vaccines. Given the importance of neurological manifestations, the necessity to highlight and scrutinize the incidence of them following COVID-19 vaccination is needed. This study aimed to systematically review the reported cases of Bell's palsy following vaccination against COVID-19. Methods: This systematic review is conducted based on the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook and PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes) and using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews. The inclusion criteria for the included published studies were patient age >/=18 years, history of Bell's palsy after COVID-19 vaccination and established diagnosis in the patients with COVID-19 vaccination. The exclusion criteria were repeated cases and missing clinical information. The search strategy aimed to find both published and unpublished studies in August 2021 and updated by hand searching in May 2022 using the identified keywords and index terms in Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google scholar. Finally, the reference lists of all identified reports and articles were searched for additional studies. The JBI critical appraisal tools for case reports or case series were used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Results: During the electronic search, hand search, and reference check, we identified 1281 citations, and in hand searching, we detected additional 15 studies. After omitting duplicated citations and assessing the title, abstract, and full text 15 case-report and two case-series studies were included for the critical appraisal process and were included in this study. Pfizer and Moderna vaccines were the most common vaccines among articles that reported the cases of Bell's palsy. Left-sided paralysis was more common than right-sided paralysis. The interval between receiving the vaccine and the onset of facial weakness was between 1 and 48 days. Conclusion: Further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to assess the association between Bell's palsy and the dose-response of the COVID-19 vaccine. CI - (c) 2022 Iran University of Medical Sciences. FAU - Shahsavarinia, Kavous AU - Shahsavarinia K AD - Emergency and trauma care research center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. AD - Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Mahmoodpoor, Ata AU - Mahmoodpoor A AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Sadeghi-Ghyassi, Fatemeh AU - Sadeghi-Ghyassi F AD - Faculty of Management & Medical Informatics Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Nedayi, Arezou AU - Nedayi A AD - Emergency and trauma care research center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Razzaghi, Alireza AU - Razzaghi A AD - Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Zehi Saadat, Mahsa AU - Zehi Saadat M AD - Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Salehi-Pourmehr, Hanieh AU - Salehi-Pourmehr H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9030-2106 AD - Research center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center: A Joanna Briggs Institute Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220730 PL - Iran TA - Med J Islam Repub Iran JT - Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran JID - 8910777 PMC - PMC9448503 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bell's Palsy OT - COVID-19 Vaccination OT - Systematic Review COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/09/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/22 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/30 CRDT- 2022/09/21 01:58 PHST- 2022/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/21 01:58 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.47176/mjiri.36.85 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2022 Jul 30;36:85. doi: 10.47176/mjiri.36.85. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36121081 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221215 LR - 20230123 IS - 1873-5592 (Electronic) IS - 1389-4501 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 17 DP - 2022 TI - Neurological Complications of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccines: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Manifestations. PG - 1620-1638 LID - 10.2174/1389450123666220919123029 [doi] AB - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), that reached pandemic proportions in 2020. Despite the fact that it was initially characterized by pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, it is now clear that the nervous system is also compromised in one third of these patients. Indeed, a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients suffer nervous system damage via a plethora of mechanisms including hypoxia, coagulopathy, immune response to the virus, and the direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 on endothelial cells, neurons, astrocytes, pericytes and microglia. Additionally, a low number of previously healthy individuals develop a variety of neurological complications after receiving COVID-19 vaccines and a large proportion of COVID-19 survivors experience longlasting neuropsychiatric symptoms. In conclusion, COVID-19 is also a neurological disease, and the direct and indirect effects of the virus on the nervous system have a significant impact on the morbidity and mortality of these patients. Here we will use the concept of the neurovascular unit, assembled by endothelial cells, basement membrane, perivascular astrocytes, neurons and microglia, to review the effects of SARS-CoV-2 in the nervous system. We will then use this information to review data published to this date on the neurological manifestations of COVID-19, the post- COVID syndrome and COVID-19 vaccines. CI - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net. FAU - Yepes, Manuel AU - Yepes M AD - Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA. AD - Department of Neurology & Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. AD - Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PL - United Arab Emirates TA - Curr Drug Targets JT - Current drug targets JID - 100960531 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *COVID-19/complications/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Endothelial Cells OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID vaccines OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - coagulopathy OT - coronavirus OT - neurovascular unit OT - post-COVID EDAT- 2022/09/20 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00 CRDT- 2022/09/19 07:03 PHST- 2022/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/19 07:03 [entrez] AID - CDT-EPUB-126391 [pii] AID - 10.2174/1389450123666220919123029 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Drug Targets. 2022;23(17):1620-1638. doi: 10.2174/1389450123666220919123029. PMID- 36114359 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220920 LR - 20220929 IS - 2365-7464 (Electronic) IS - 2365-7464 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Sep 16 TI - Recalling fake news during real news corrections can impair or enhance memory updating: the role of recollection-based retrieval. PG - 85 LID - 10.1186/s41235-022-00434-1 [doi] LID - 85 AB - Fake news can impair memory leading to societal controversies such as COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. The pernicious influence of fake news is clear when ineffective corrections leave memories outdated. A key theoretical issue is whether people should recall fake news while reading corrections with contradictory details. The familiarity backfire view proposes that recalling fake news increases its familiarity, leading to interference. However, the integrative encoding view proposes that recalling fake news promotes co-activation and binding of contradictory details, leading to facilitation. Two experiments examined if one theory better accounts for memory updating after participants recalled actual fake news details when reading headlines that corrected misinformation. In Phase 1, participants read real and fake news headlines of unclear veracity taken from various internet sources. In Phase 2, participants read real news headlines that reaffirmed real news and corrected fake news from Phase 1. When they detected that Phase 2 real news corrected fake news, they attempted to recall Phase 1 fake news. In Phase 3, participants first recalled real news details. When they remembered that those details were corrections from Phase 2, they attempted to recall fake news from Phase 1. Recalling fake news when noticing corrections in Phase 2 led to better memory for real news in Phase 3 when fake news was recalled again and worse memory for real news in Phase 3 when fake news was not recalled again. Both views explain part of the memory differences associated with recalling fake news during corrections, but only when considering whether people recollected that fake news had been corrected. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Kemp, Paige L AU - Kemp PL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2200-7735 AD - Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 296 Eberhart Building, P. O. Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA. plkemp@uncg.edu. FAU - Alexander, Timothy R AU - Alexander TR AD - Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 296 Eberhart Building, P. O. Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA. FAU - Wahlheim, Christopher N AU - Wahlheim CN AD - Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 296 Eberhart Building, P. O. Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220916 PL - England TA - Cogn Res Princ Implic JT - Cognitive research: principles and implications JID - 101697632 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Deception MH - Humans MH - Mental Recall MH - Recognition, Psychology PMC - PMC9481799 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Facilitation OT - Fake news OT - Interference OT - Memory updating OT - Recollection COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/09/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/21 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/16 CRDT- 2022/09/16 23:31 PHST- 2022/02/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/16 23:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41235-022-00434-1 [pii] AID - 434 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41235-022-00434-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2022 Sep 16;7(1):85. doi: 10.1186/s41235-022-00434-1. PMID- 36113766 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221124 LR - 20230328 IS - 2666-9919 (Electronic) IS - 2666-9919 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 8S DP - 2022 Nov TI - What are the prospects for durable immune control? PG - S4-S6 LID - S2666-9919(22)00202-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.idnow.2022.09.010 [doi] AB - During the SARS CoV-2 primary infection, the neutralizing antibodies focused against the spike (S) glycoproteins are responsible for blockage of virus-host cell interaction. The cellular response mediated by CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells is responsible for control of viremia. Immune memory against SARS-CoV-2 depends on virus type, replication kinetics and route of penetration. The formation and persistence of germinal centers are critical for the generation of affinity-matured plasma cells and memory B cells capable of mediating durable immunity. They can persist up to 30 weeks after vaccination and several months after infection. Heterogeneity in the longevity of the vaccination-induced GC response is significant. CI - Copyright (c) 2022. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. FAU - Lelievre, J D AU - Lelievre JD AD - Immunologie clinique et maladies infectieuses, Hopital Henri-Mondor, 94000 Creteil, France. FAU - Bauer, J AU - Bauer J AD - Service Universitaire des Maladies Infectieuses et du Voyageurs, CH Dron, 59200 Tourcoing, France. Electronic address: bauerjules@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220913 PL - France TA - Infect Dis Now JT - Infectious diseases now JID - 101775152 RN - 0 (Viral Envelope Proteins) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Viral Envelope Proteins MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes PMC - PMC9472462 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immune control OT - Immune memory OT - Neutralizing antibodies OT - SARS CoV-2 OT - Vaccine immunogenicity EDAT- 2022/09/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/25 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/13 CRDT- 2022/09/16 19:27 PHST- 2022/09/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/16 19:27 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-9919(22)00202-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.idnow.2022.09.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Infect Dis Now. 2022 Nov;52(8S):S4-S6. doi: 10.1016/j.idnow.2022.09.010. Epub 2022 Sep 13. PMID- 36110861 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220919 LR - 20250728 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - The role of B cells in COVID-19 infection and vaccination. PG - 988536 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988536 [doi] LID - 988536 AB - B cells secrete antibodies and mediate the humoral immune response, making them extremely important in protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2, which caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this review, we summarize the positive function and pathological response of B cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection and re-infection. Then, we structure the immunity responses that B cells mediated in peripheral tissues. Furthermore, we discuss the role of B cells during vaccination including the effectiveness of antibodies and memory B cells, viral evolution mechanisms, and future vaccine development. This review might help medical workers and researchers to have a better understanding of the interaction between B cells and SARS-CoV-2 and broaden their vision for future investigations. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Chen, Guan, Candotti, Benlagha, Camara, Herrada, James, Lei, Miller, Kubo, Ning and Liu. FAU - Chen, Shiru AU - Chen S AD - Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science Technology, Wuhan, China. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, The Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Guan, Fei AU - Guan F AD - Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Candotti, Fabio AU - Candotti F AD - Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Benlagha, Kamel AU - Benlagha K AD - Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. FAU - Camara, Niels Olsen Saraiva AU - Camara NOS AD - Laboratory of Human Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Herrada, Andres A AU - Herrada AA AD - Lymphatic and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Talca, Chile. FAU - James, Louisa K AU - James LK AD - Centre for Immunobiology, Bizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Lei, Jiahui AU - Lei J AD - Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Miller, Heather AU - Miller H AD - Cytek Biosciences, R&D Clinical Reagents, Fremont, CA, United States. FAU - Kubo, Masato AU - Kubo M AD - Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS), Rikagaku Kenkyusho, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Yokohama Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. FAU - Ning, Qin AU - Ning Q AD - Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Liu, Chaohong AU - Liu C AD - Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science Technology, Wuhan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20220830 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Lymphocyte Count MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - *Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC9468879 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody OT - memory B cells OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/20 06:00 PMCR- 2022/08/30 CRDT- 2022/09/16 02:38 PHST- 2022/07/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/16 02:38 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988536 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 30;13:988536. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988536. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36109857 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220919 LR - 20221210 IS - 1945-7359 (Electronic) IS - 1087-3244 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Sep 1 TI - Influence of Media Framing on Cognition of COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness: The Mediating Role of Emotions. PG - 423-441 LID - 10.5993/AJHB.46.4.4 [doi] AB - Objectives: From the perspective of media framing, this paper explores how factual frame and influence frame affect the cognition of vaccine effectiveness among Chinese netizens, and how emotions vary in the process and act on the cognition. Methods: We first discuss the theoretical framework and propose hypotheses. Drawing on the cognitive theory of emotions and the Pleasure- Arousal-Dominance (PAD) model, the scale and questionnaire were designed, and used to test the influence of media framing over the cognition of vaccine effectiveness by 2-factor ANOVA and Bootstrap methods. Results: The proposed hypotheses were verified. The perceived effectiveness of domestic vaccines corresponding to the factual frame group was on average 0.19 (95% CI 0.641-0.642) higher than that of the influence frame. The impact on audience cognition from reports of positive tendency was on average 0.642 (95% CI 0.641-0.642) higher than that of negative tendency. The indirect effect of the media frame on the perceived effectiveness through the mediating variable emotion was -0.0923, at the 95% level. Conclusions: The audience can understand the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines better if the factual frame with actual data and authoritative opinions is adopted, rather than reports of the effects of the vaccines on the virus, the vaccinated, and society. Moreover, media reports should be more positive to mitigate the negative emotions, stimulate the arousal of public opinions, and improve audience cognition of report contents, thereby encouraging vaccine uptake. FAU - Zhang, Wei AU - Zhang W AD - Wei Zhang, School of information, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Xinrui AU - Yang X AD - Xinrui Yang, School of information, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China. FAU - Tao, Kexin AU - Tao K AD - Kexin Tao, School of Information, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhu, Yanchun AU - Zhu Y AD - Yanchun Zhu, Business School, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China;, Email: zhuyanchun@bnu.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Mei AU - Zhang M AD - Mei Zhang, School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Am J Health Behav JT - American journal of health behavior JID - 9602338 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cognition MH - Emotions MH - Humans MH - Surveys and Questionnaires EDAT- 2022/09/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/20 06:00 CRDT- 2022/09/16 00:32 PHST- 2022/09/16 00:32 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/20 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.5993/AJHB.46.4.4 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Health Behav. 2022 Sep 1;46(4):423-441. doi: 10.5993/AJHB.46.4.4. PMID- 36087300 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230110 LR - 20250623 IS - 1865-7125 (Electronic) IS - 0341-0382 (Linking) VI - 78 IP - 1-2 DP - 2023 Jan 27 TI - Covid-19 vaccines and neurological complications: a systematic review. PG - 1-8 LID - 10.1515/znc-2022-0092 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 mainly causes respiratory disorders with high infection and severe morbidity and mortality. Neurologists have concerns about potential neurological side effects, profits, and timing of COVID-19 vaccines. This study aimed to review systematically research for the COVID-19 vaccine and neurological complications. Data was searched in Scopus, ISI web of knowledge, Medline, PubMed, Wiley, Embase, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and Clinical Trials, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Two reviewer authors individually searched and assessed the titles and abstracts of all articles. The third reviewer resolved disagreement between them. Data were documented regarding study location, study design, type of complications, number of patients, various types of COVID-19 vaccine, and type of neurological complications. Six studies in COVID-19 vaccine and neurological complications include two studies about neurological manifestations after the mRNA vaccines, four records about side effects of vector-based vaccine were included in the study. The main neurological complication associated mRNA vaccines were body aches, paresthesia, and difficulty walking, erythema migrans lesion, fatigue, myalgia, and pain in the left lateral deltoid region. The major neurological complication related to vector-based vaccines were urinary retention difficulty, feeding and ambulating, arm soreness, mild fatigue, chills, left-sided facial droop, headaches, a generalized epileptic seizure, hemianopia, and mild aphasia, acute somnolence and right-hand hemiparesis, acute transverse myelitis, deep vein thrombosis in her left leg, a vigilance disorder and a twitching, a severe immobilizing opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome, and encephalitis. A large spectrum of severe neurological unfavorable has been reported. These complications could occur as a result of molecular stimulation and later neuronal damage. Generally, the advantages of COVID-19 vaccination are dominant on the risks of a neurological complication at both individual and population levels. Future investigations will be required to find any relationship between neurological complications and COVID-19 vaccines principally as new strains of the virus and new vaccines are technologically advanced against them. CI - (c) 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Allahyari, Fakhri AU - Allahyari F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7088-2588 AD - Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Molaee, Hamideh AU - Molaee H AD - Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Hosseini Nejad, Javad AU - Hosseini Nejad J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1770-2968 AD - Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20220912 PL - Germany TA - Z Naturforsch C J Biosci JT - Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences JID - 8912155 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control OTO - NOTNLM OT - Covid-19 vaccine OT - complication OT - neurological OT - neuron OT - side effect EDAT- 2022/09/11 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2022/09/10 12:53 PHST- 2022/04/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/10 12:53 [entrez] AID - znc-2022-0092 [pii] AID - 10.1515/znc-2022-0092 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 2022 Sep 12;78(1-2):1-8. doi: 10.1515/znc-2022-0092. Print 2023 Jan 27. PMID- 36068240 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220908 LR - 20260127 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Sep 6 TI - Long-term memory CD8(+) T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 in individuals who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. PG - 5251 LID - 10.1038/s41467-022-32989-4 [doi] LID - 5251 AB - Long-term memory T cells have not been well analyzed in individuals vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine although analysis of these T cells is necessary to evaluate vaccine efficacy. Here, investigate HLA-A*24:02-restricted CD8(+) T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2-derived spike (S) epitopes in individuals immunized with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. T cells specific for the S-QI9 and S-NF9 immunodominant epitopes have higher ability to recognize epitopes than other epitope-specific T cell populations. This higher recognition of S-QI9-specific T cells is due to the high stability of the S-QI9 peptide for HLA-A*24:02, whereas that of S-NF9-specific T cells results from the high affinity of T cell receptor. T cells specific for S-QI9 and S-NF9 are detectable >30 weeks after the second vaccination, indicating that the vaccine induces long-term memory T cells specific for these epitopes. Because the S-QI9 epitope is highly conserved among SARS-CoV-2 variants, S-QI9-specific T cells may help prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Kuse, Nozomi AU - Kuse N AD - Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo laboratory, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto/Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Zhang, Yu AU - Zhang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5446-5650 AD - Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo laboratory, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto/Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Chikata, Takayuki AU - Chikata T AD - Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo laboratory, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto/Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Nguyen, Hung The AU - Nguyen HT AD - Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo laboratory, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto/Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Oka, Shinichi AU - Oka S AD - Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo laboratory, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto/Tokyo, Japan. AD - AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Gatanaga, Hiroyuki AU - Gatanaga H AD - Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo laboratory, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto/Tokyo, Japan. AD - AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Takiguchi, Masafumi AU - Takiguchi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8516-6442 AD - Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo laboratory, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto/Tokyo, Japan. masafumi@kumamoto-u.ac.jp. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220906 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte MH - Humans MH - Memory, Long-Term MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9447987 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/09/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/06 CRDT- 2022/09/06 23:16 PHST- 2022/01/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/06 23:16 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-022-32989-4 [pii] AID - 32989 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-022-32989-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2022 Sep 6;13(1):5251. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32989-4. PMID- 36065292 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220908 LR - 20250728 IS - 2666-1667 (Electronic) IS - 2666-1667 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Sep 16 TI - Protocol for isolation and characterization of lung tissue resident memory T cells and airway trained innate immunity after intranasal vaccination in mice. PG - 101652 LID - S2666-1667(22)00532-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101652 [doi] LID - 101652 AB - Vaccination route dictates the quality and localization of immune responses within tissues. Intranasal vaccination seeds tissue-resident adaptive immunity, alongside trained innate responses within the lung/airways, critical for superior protection against SARS-CoV-2. This protocol encompasses intranasal vaccination in mice, step-by-step bronchoalveolar lavage for both cellular and acellular airway components, lung mononuclear cell isolation, and detailed flow cytometric characterization of lung tissue-resident memory T cell responses, and airway macrophage-trained innate immunity. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Afkhami et al. (2022). CI - (c) 2022 The Author(s). FAU - D'Agostino, Michael R AU - D'Agostino MR AD - McMaster Immunology Research Centre, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Electronic address: dagostim@mcmaster.ca. FAU - Afkhami, Sam AU - Afkhami S AD - McMaster Immunology Research Centre, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Electronic address: afkhams@mcmaster.ca. FAU - Kang, Alisha AU - Kang A AD - McMaster Immunology Research Centre, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. FAU - Marzok, Art AU - Marzok A AD - McMaster Immunology Research Centre, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. FAU - Miller, Matthew S AU - Miller MS AD - McMaster Immunology Research Centre, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. FAU - Xing, Zhou AU - Xing Z AD - McMaster Immunology Research Centre, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. LA - eng GR - CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220829 PL - United States TA - STAR Protoc JT - STAR protocols JID - 101769501 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Immunity, Innate MH - Lung MH - *Memory T Cells MH - Mice MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/methods PMC - PMC9423002 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cell isolation OT - Flow Cytometry/Mass Cytometry OT - Immunology COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/09/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/08/29 CRDT- 2022/09/06 01:46 PHST- 2022/09/06 01:46 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-1667(22)00532-9 [pii] AID - 101652 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101652 [doi] PST - epublish SO - STAR Protoc. 2022 Aug 29;3(3):101652. doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101652. eCollection 2022 Sep 16. PMID- 36053197 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230216 LR - 20260518 IS - 1460-2393 (Electronic) IS - 1460-2725 (Print) IS - 1460-2393 (Linking) VI - 116 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Feb 14 TI - Vaccination saves lives: a real-time study of patients with chronic diseases and severe COVID-19 infection. PG - 47-56 LID - 10.1093/qjmed/hcac202 [doi] LID - hcac202 AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aims to describe the demographic and clinical profile and ascertain the determinants of outcome among hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) adult patients enrolled in the National Clinical Registry for COVID-19 (NCRC). METHODS: NCRC is an on-going data collection platform operational in 42 hospitals across India. Data of hospitalized COVID-19 patients enrolled in NCRC between 1st September 2020 to 26th October 2021 were examined. RESULTS: Analysis of 29 509 hospitalized, adult COVID-19 patients [mean (SD) age: 51.1 (16.2) year; male: 18 752 (63.6%)] showed that 15 678 (53.1%) had at least one comorbidity. Among 25 715 (87.1%) symptomatic patients, fever was the commonest symptom (72.3%) followed by shortness of breath (48.9%) and dry cough (45.5%). In-hospital mortality was 14.5% (n = 3957). Adjusted odds of dying were significantly higher in age group >/=60 years, males, with diabetes, chronic kidney diseases, chronic liver disease, malignancy and tuberculosis, presenting with dyspnoea and neurological symptoms. WHO ordinal scale 4 or above at admission carried the highest odds of dying [5.6 (95% CI: 4.6-7.0)]. Patients receiving one [OR: 0.5 (95% CI: 0.4-0.7)] or two doses of anti-SARS CoV-2 vaccine [OR: 0.4 (95% CI: 0.3-0.7)] were protected from in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS: WHO ordinal scale at admission is the most important independent predictor for in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients. Anti-SARS-CoV2 vaccination provides significant protection against mortality. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Physicians. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Mukherjee, A AU - Mukherjee A AD - From the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kumar, G AU - Kumar G AD - From the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. FAU - Turuk, A AU - Turuk A AD - From the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. FAU - Bhalla, A AU - Bhalla A AD - Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India. FAU - Bingi, T C AU - Bingi TC AD - Gandhi Medical College, Telangana, India. FAU - Bhardwaj, P AU - Bhardwaj P AD - All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. FAU - Baruah, T D AU - Baruah TD AD - All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. FAU - Mukherjee, S AU - Mukherjee S AD - College of Medicine, Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. FAU - Talukdar, A AU - Talukdar A AD - Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. FAU - Ray, Y AU - Ray Y AD - Infectious Disease and Beliaghata General Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. FAU - John, M AU - John M AD - Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. FAU - Khambholja, J R AU - Khambholja JR AD - Smt. NHL, Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. FAU - Patel, A H AU - Patel AH AD - CIMS Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. FAU - Bhuniya, S AU - Bhuniya S AD - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. FAU - Joshi, R AU - Joshi R AD - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. FAU - Menon, G R AU - Menon GR AD - National Institute of Medical Statistics, Indian Council of Medical Research, Delhi, India. FAU - Sahu, D AU - Sahu D AD - National Institute of Medical Statistics, Indian Council of Medical Research, Delhi, India. FAU - Rao, V V AU - Rao VV AD - National Institute of Medical Statistics, Indian Council of Medical Research, Delhi, India. FAU - Bhargava, B AU - Bhargava B AD - From the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. FAU - Panda, S AU - Panda S AD - From the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. CN - NCRC Study Team LA - eng GR - Indian Council of Medical Research/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - QJM JT - QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians JID - 9438285 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Hospital Mortality MH - Time and Motion Studies MH - Vaccination MH - Chronic Disease PMC - PMC9494346 FIR - Mishra, P IR - Mishra P FIR - Panchal, Y IR - Panchal Y FIR - Sharma, L K IR - Sharma LK FIR - Agarwal, A IR - Agarwal A FIR - Puri, G D IR - Puri GD FIR - Suri, V IR - Suri V FIR - Singla, K IR - Singla K FIR - Mesipogu, R IR - Mesipogu R FIR - Aedula, V S IR - Aedula VS FIR - Mohiuddin, M A IR - Mohiuddin MA FIR - Kumar, D IR - Kumar D FIR - Saurabh, S IR - Saurabh S FIR - Misra, S IR - Misra S FIR - Kannauje, P K IR - Kannauje PK FIR - Kumar, A IR - Kumar A FIR - Shukla, A IR - Shukla A FIR - Pal, A IR - Pal A FIR - Chakraborty, S IR - Chakraborty S FIR - Dutta, M IR - Dutta M FIR - Mondal, T IR - Mondal T FIR - Chakravorty, S IR - Chakravorty S FIR - Bhattacharjee, B IR - Bhattacharjee B FIR - Paul, S R IR - Paul SR FIR - Majumder, D IR - Majumder D FIR - Chatterjee, S IR - Chatterjee S FIR - Abraham, A IR - Abraham A FIR - Varghese, D IR - Varghese D FIR - Thomas, M IR - Thomas M FIR - Shah, N IR - Shah N FIR - Patel, M IR - Patel M FIR - Madan, S IR - Madan S FIR - Desai, A IR - Desai A FIR - Kala Yadhav, M L IR - Kala Yadhav ML FIR - Madhumathi, R IR - Madhumathi R FIR - Chetna, G S IR - Chetna GS FIR - Ojha, U K IR - Ojha UK FIR - Jha, R R IR - Jha RR FIR - Kumar, A IR - Kumar A FIR - Pathak, A IR - Pathak A FIR - Sharma, A IR - Sharma A FIR - Purohit, M IR - Purohit M FIR - Sarangi, L IR - Sarangi L FIR - Rath, M IR - Rath M FIR - Shah, A D IR - Shah AD FIR - Kumar, L IR - Kumar L FIR - Patel, P IR - Patel P FIR - Dulhani, N IR - Dulhani N FIR - Dube, S IR - Dube S FIR - Shrivastava, J IR - Shrivastava J FIR - Mittal, A IR - Mittal A FIR - Patnaik, L IR - Patnaik L FIR - Sahoo, J P IR - Sahoo JP FIR - Sharma, S IR - Sharma S FIR - Katyal, V K IR - Katyal VK FIR - Katyal, A IR - Katyal A FIR - Yadav, N IR - Yadav N FIR - Upadhyay, R IR - Upadhyay R FIR - Srivastava, S IR - Srivastava S FIR - Srivastava, A IR - Srivastava A FIR - Suthar, N N IR - Suthar NN FIR - Shah, N M IR - Shah NM FIR - Rajvansh, K IR - Rajvansh K FIR - Purohit, H IR - Purohit H FIR - Mohapatra, P R IR - Mohapatra PR FIR - Panigrahi, M K IR - Panigrahi MK FIR - Saigal, S IR - Saigal S FIR - Khurana, A IR - Khurana A FIR - Panchal, M IR - Panchal M FIR - Anderpa, M IR - Anderpa M FIR - Patel, D IR - Patel D FIR - Salgar, V IR - Salgar V FIR - Algur, S IR - Algur S FIR - Choudhury, R IR - Choudhury R FIR - Rao, M IR - Rao M FIR - Nithya, D IR - Nithya D FIR - Gupta, B K IR - Gupta BK FIR - Kumar, B IR - Kumar B FIR - Gupta, J IR - Gupta J FIR - Bhandari, S IR - Bhandari S FIR - Agrawal, A IR - Agrawal A FIR - Shameem, M IR - Shameem M FIR - Fatima, N IR - Fatima N FIR - Pala, S IR - Pala S FIR - Nongpiur, V IR - Nongpiur V FIR - Chatterji, S IR - Chatterji S FIR - Mukherjee, S IR - Mukherjee S FIR - Shivnitwar, S K IR - Shivnitwar SK FIR - Tripathy, S IR - Tripathy S FIR - Lokhande, P IR - Lokhande P FIR - Dandu, H IR - Dandu H FIR - Gupta, A IR - Gupta A FIR - Kumar, V IR - Kumar V FIR - Sharma, N IR - Sharma N FIR - Vohra, R IR - Vohra R FIR - Paliwal, A IR - Paliwal A FIR - Pavan Kumar, M IR - Pavan Kumar M FIR - Bikshapathi Rao, A IR - Bikshapathi Rao A FIR - Kikon, N IR - Kikon N FIR - Kikon, R IR - Kikon R FIR - Manohar, K IR - Manohar K FIR - Sathyanarayana Raju, Y IR - Sathyanarayana Raju Y FIR - Madharia, A IR - Madharia A FIR - Chakravarty, J IR - Chakravarty J FIR - Chaubey, M IR - Chaubey M FIR - Bandaru, R K IR - Bandaru RK FIR - Ali Mirza, M IR - Ali Mirza M FIR - Kataria, S IR - Kataria S FIR - Sharma, P IR - Sharma P FIR - Ghosh, S IR - Ghosh S FIR - Hazra, A IR - Hazra A EDAT- 2022/09/03 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/17 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/02 CRDT- 2022/09/02 10:04 PHST- 2022/07/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/02 10:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6687141 [pii] AID - hcac202 [pii] AID - 10.1093/qjmed/hcac202 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - QJM. 2023 Feb 14;116(1):47-56. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac202. PMID- 36048132 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221130 LR - 20230127 IS - 1398-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0105-4538 (Print) IS - 0105-4538 (Linking) VI - 77 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec TI - New insights into human immune memory from SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. PG - 3553-3566 LID - 10.1111/all.15502 [doi] AB - Since early 2020, the world has been embroiled in an ongoing viral pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants resulting in mass morbidity and an estimated 6 million deaths globally. The scientific community pivoted rapidly, providing unique and innovative means to identify infected individuals, technologies to evaluate immune responses to infection and vaccination, and new therapeutic strategies to treat infected individuals. Never before has immunology been so critically at the forefront of combatting a global pandemic. It has now become evident that not just antibody responses, but formation and durability of immune memory cells following vaccination are associated with protection against severe disease from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, the emergence of variants of concern (VoC) highlight the need for immunological markers to quantify the protective capacity of Wuhan-based vaccines. Thus, harnessing and modulating the immune response is key to successful vaccination and treatment of disease. We here review the latest knowledge about immune memory generation and durability following natural infection and vaccination, and provide insights into the attributes of immune memory that may protect from emerging variants. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Hartley, Gemma E AU - Hartley GE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3174-231X AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Edwards, Emily S J AU - Edwards ESJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0240-4370 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - O'Hehir, Robyn E AU - O'Hehir RE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3489-7595 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - van Zelm, Menno C AU - van Zelm MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4161-1919 AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20220920 PL - Denmark TA - Allergy JT - Allergy JID - 7804028 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Vaccination MH - Pandemics PMC - PMC9538469 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - immune memory OT - memory B cells OT - memory T cells COIS- MCvZ and REO'H are inventors on a patent application related to this work. The other authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/01 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/20 CRDT- 2022/09/01 10:52 PHST- 2022/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/01 10:52 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ALL15502 [pii] AID - 10.1111/all.15502 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Allergy. 2022 Dec;77(12):3553-3566. doi: 10.1111/all.15502. Epub 2022 Sep 20. PMID- 36043937 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230522 LR - 20230522 IS - 1744-764X (Electronic) IS - 1474-0338 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Apr TI - Disproportionality analysis of adverse neurological and psychiatric reactions with the ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) and BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) COVID-19 vaccines in the United Kingdom. PG - 343-349 LID - 10.1080/14740338.2022.2120607 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Information on neurological and psychiatric adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) with COVID-19 vaccines is limited. RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODS: We examined and compared neurological and psychiatric AEFIS reports related to BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) COVID-19 vaccines and recorded in the United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency between 9 December 2020 and 30 June 2021. RESULTS: As of 30 June 2021, 46.1 million doses of ChAdOx1 and 30.3 million doses of BNT162b2 had been administered. The most frequently reported AEFI was headache with 1,686 and 575 cases per million doses of ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2, respectively. AEFIs more frequently reported after CHAdOx1 compared with BNT162b2 vaccination were Guillain-Barre syndrome (OR, 95% CI = 2.53, 1.82-3.51), freezing (6.66, 3.12-14.22), cluster headache (1.53, 1.28-1.84), migraine (1.23,1.17-1.30), postural dizziness (1.24,1.13-1.37), tremor (2.86, 2.68-3.05), headache (1.40, 1.38-1.43), paresthesia (1.11, 1.06-1.16), delirium (1.85, 1.45-2.36), hallucination (2.20, 1.82-2.66), poor quality sleep (1.53, 1.26-1.85), and nervousness (1.54, 1.26-1.89) Reactions less frequently reported with ChAdOx1 than with BNT162b2 were Bell's palsy (0.47, 0.41-0.55), anosmia (0.58, 0.47-0.71), facial paralysis (0.35, 0.29-0.41), dysgeusia (0.68, 0.62-0.73), presyncope (0.48, 0.42-0.55), syncope (0.63, 0.58-0.67), and anxiety (0.75 (0.67-0.85). CONCLUSION: Neurological and psychiatric AEFIs were relatively infrequent, but each vaccine was associated with a distinctive toxic profile. FAU - Otero-Losada, Matilde AU - Otero-Losada M AD - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Universidad Abierta Interamericana-Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de La Salud, UAI-CAECIHS CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Petrovsky, Nikolai AU - Petrovsky N AD - Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia. AD - Vaxine, Bedford Park, Australia. FAU - Alami, Abdallah AU - Alami A AD - Faculty of Medicine University of Ottawa, McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. AD - Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Crispo, James A AU - Crispo JA AD - School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. AD - Human Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. AD - Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Mattison, Donald AU - Mattison D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5623-0874 AD - Faculty of Medicine University of Ottawa, McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. AD - Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. AD - Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, Ontario, USA. AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Capani, Francisco AU - Capani F AD - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Universidad Abierta Interamericana-Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de La Salud, UAI-CAECIHS CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile. FAU - Goetz, Christopher AU - Goetz C AD - Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Krewski, Daniel AU - Krewski D AD - Faculty of Medicine University of Ottawa, McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. AD - Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Perez-Lloret, Santiago AU - Perez-Lloret S AD - Observatorio de Salud Publica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina. AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220907 PL - England TA - Expert Opin Drug Saf JT - Expert opinion on drug safety JID - 101163027 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Immunization MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Headache/chemically induced/epidemiology OAB - We examined reports on adverse neurological and psychiatric effects following immunization with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) for COVID-19 to the United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency between 9 December 2020 and 30 June 2021. Adverse effects following immunization (AEFIs) were relatively infrequent. Compared to BNT162b2, Guillain-Barre syndrome, freezing phenomenon, cluster headache, migraine, postural dizziness, tremor, headache, paresthesia, delirium, hallucination, poor quality sleep, and nervousness were more frequently reported for ChAdOx1. Reactions less frequently reported for ChAdOx1 than for BNT162b2 were Bell's palsy, anosmia, facial paralysis, dysgeusia, presyncope, syncope, and anxiety. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - COVID-19 OT - ChAdOx1 OT - neurology OT - pharmacovigilance OT - psychiatry OT - safety OT - vaccines EDAT- 2022/09/01 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/22 06:42 CRDT- 2022/08/31 10:03 PHST- 2023/05/22 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/31 10:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/14740338.2022.2120607 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2023 Apr;22(4):343-349. doi: 10.1080/14740338.2022.2120607. Epub 2022 Sep 7. PMID- 36032111 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220830 LR - 20250728 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Persistent but atypical germinal center reaction among 3(rd) SARS-CoV-2 vaccination after rituximab exposure. PG - 943476 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943476 [doi] LID - 943476 AB - BACKGROUND: Durable vaccine-mediated immunity relies on the generation of long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells (MBCs), differentiating upon germinal center (GC) reactions. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces a strong GC response in healthy volunteers (HC), but limited data is available about response longevity upon rituximab treatment. METHODS: We evaluated humoral and cellular responses upon 3rd vaccination in seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who initially mounted anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies after primary 2x vaccination and got re-exposed to rituximab (RTX) 1-2 months after the second vaccination. Ten patients with RA on other therapies and ten HC represented the control groups. As control for known long-lived induced immunity, we analyzed humoral and cellular tetanus toxoid (TT) immune responses in steady-state. RESULTS: After 3(rd) vaccination, 5/7 seroconverted RTX patients revealed lower anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels but similar neutralizing capacity compared with HC. Antibody levels after 3rd vaccination correlated with values after 2nd vaccination. Despite significant reduction of circulating total and antigen-specific B cells in RTX re-exposed patients, we observed the induction of IgG+ MBCs upon 3(rd) vaccination. Notably, only RTX treated patients revealed a high amount of IgA+ MBCs before and IgA+ plasmablasts after 3(rd) vaccination. IgA+ B cells were not part of the steady state TT+ B cell pool. TNF-secretion and generation of effector memory CD4 spike-specific T cells were significantly boosted upon 3(rd) vaccination. SUMMARY: On the basis of pre-existing affinity matured MBCs within primary immunisation, RTX re-exposed patients revealed a persistent but atypical GC immune response accompanied by boosted spike-specific memory CD4 T cells upon SARS-CoV-2 recall vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Stefanski, Rincon-Arevalo, Schrezenmeier, Karberg, Szelinski, Ritter, Chen, Meisel, Jahrsdorfer, Ludwig, Schrezenmeier, Lino and Dorner. FAU - Stefanski, Ana-Luisa AU - Stefanski AL AD - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Rincon-Arevalo, Hector AU - Rincon-Arevalo H AD - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany. AD - Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Grupo de Inmunologia Celular e Inmunogenetica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Medicas, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellin, Colombia. FAU - Schrezenmeier, Eva AU - Schrezenmeier E AD - Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany. AD - Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Berlin Institute of Health Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Academy, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Karberg, Kirsten AU - Karberg K AD - Rheumatology Outpatient Office RheumaPraxis Steglitz, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Szelinski, Franziska AU - Szelinski F AD - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Ritter, Jacob AU - Ritter J AD - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Berlin Institute of Health Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Academy, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Chen, Yidan AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Meisel, Christian AU - Meisel C AD - Department of Medical Immunology, Charite University Medicine and Labor Berlin-Charite Vivantes, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Jahrsdorfer, Bernd AU - Jahrsdorfer B AD - Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. AD - Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Wurttemberg - Hessen and University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Ludwig, Carolin AU - Ludwig C AD - Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. AD - Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Wurttemberg - Hessen and University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Schrezenmeier, Hubert AU - Schrezenmeier H AD - Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. AD - Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Wurttemberg - Hessen and University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Lino, Andreia C AU - Lino AC AD - Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Dorner, Thomas AU - Dorner T AD - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220810 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 4F4X42SYQ6 (Rituximab) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *Arthritis, Rheumatoid MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Germinal Center MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin A MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Rituximab MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9399943 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - germinal center (GC) OT - memory B cell (MBC) OT - rituximab (RTX) OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/08/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/31 06:00 PMCR- 2022/08/10 CRDT- 2022/08/29 04:36 PHST- 2022/05/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/29 04:36 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/31 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943476 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 10;13:943476. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943476. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36006991 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220829 LR - 20260127 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 8 DP - 2022 TI - Good recovery of immunization stress-related responses presenting as a cluster of stroke-like events following CoronaVac and ChAdOx1 vaccinations. PG - e0266118 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0266118 [doi] LID - e0266118 AB - BACKGROUND: Immunization stress-related responses presenting as stroke-like symptoms could develop following COVID-19 vaccination. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of immunization stress-related responses causing stroke-like events following COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of the secondary data of reported adverse events after COVID-19 immunization that presented with neurologic manifestations. Between March 1 and July 31, 2021, we collected and analyzed the medical records of 221 patients diagnosed with stroke-like symptoms following immunization. Two majority types of vaccines were used at the beginning of the vaccination campaign, including CoronaVac (Sinovac) or ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca). Demographic and medical data included sex, age, vaccine type, sequence dose, time to event, laboratory data, and recovery status as defined by the modified Rankin score. The affected side was evaluated for associations with the injection site. RESULTS: Overall, 221 patients were diagnosed with immunization stress-related responses (stroke-like symptoms) following CoronaVac (Sinovac) or ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca) vaccinations. Most patients (83.7%) were women. The median (interquartile range) age of onset was 34 (28-42) years in patients receiving CoronaVac and 46 (33.5-60) years in those receiving ChAdOx1. The median interval between vaccination and symptom onset for each vaccine type was 60 (16-960) min and 30 (8.8-750) min, respectively. Sensory symptoms were the most common symptomology. Most patients (68.9%) developed symptoms on the left side of the body; 99.5% of the patients receiving CoronaVac and 100% of those receiving ChAdOx1 had a good outcome (modified Rankin scores /=65 years [older adults]) and date of diagnosis. We assessed the risks of 14 neurological and psychiatric diagnoses after SARS-CoV-2 infection and compared these risks with the matched comparator cohort. The 2-year risk trajectories were represented by time-varying hazard ratios (HRs) and summarised using the 6-month constant HRs (representing the risks in the earlier phase of follow-up, which have not yet been well characterised in children), the risk horizon for each outcome (ie, the time at which the HR returns to 1), and the time to equal incidence in the two cohorts. We also estimated how many people died after a neurological or psychiatric diagnosis during follow-up in each age group. Finally, we compared matched cohorts of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 directly before and after the emergence of the alpha (B.1.1.7), delta (B.1.617.2), and omicron (B.1.1.529) variants. FINDINGS: We identified 1 487 712 patients with a recorded diagnosis of COVID-19 during the study period, of whom 1 284 437 (185 748 children, 856 588 adults, and 242 101 older adults; overall mean age 42.5 years [SD 21.9]; 741 806 [57.8%] were female and 542 192 [42.2%] were male) were adequately matched with an equal number of patients with another respiratory infection. The risk trajectories of outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in the whole cohort differed substantially. While most outcomes had HRs significantly greater than 1 after 6 months (with the exception of encephalitis; Guillain-Barre syndrome; nerve, nerve root, and plexus disorder; and parkinsonism), their risk horizons and time to equal incidence varied greatly. Risks of the common psychiatric disorders returned to baseline after 1-2 months (mood disorders at 43 days, anxiety disorders at 58 days) and subsequently reached an equal overall incidence to the matched comparison group (mood disorders at 457 days, anxiety disorders at 417 days). By contrast, risks of cognitive deficit (known as brain fog), dementia, psychotic disorders, and epilepsy or seizures were still increased at the end of the 2-year follow-up period. Post-COVID-19 risk trajectories differed in children compared with adults: in the 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, children were not at an increased risk of mood (HR 1.02 [95% CI 0.94-1.10) or anxiety (1.00 [0.94-1.06]) disorders, but did have an increased risk of cognitive deficit, insomnia, intracranial haemorrhage, ischaemic stroke, nerve, nerve root, and plexus disorders, psychotic disorders, and epilepsy or seizures (HRs ranging from 1.20 [1.09-1.33] to 2.16 [1.46-3.19]). Unlike adults, cognitive deficit in children had a finite risk horizon (75 days) and a finite time to equal incidence (491 days). A sizeable proportion of older adults who received a neurological or psychiatric diagnosis, in either cohort, subsequently died, especially those diagnosed with dementia or epilepsy or seizures. Risk profiles were similar just before versus just after the emergence of the alpha variant (n=47 675 in each cohort). Just after (vs just before) the emergence of the delta variant (n=44 835 in each cohort), increased risks of ischaemic stroke, epilepsy or seizures, cognitive deficit, insomnia, and anxiety disorders were observed, compounded by an increased death rate. With omicron (n=39 845 in each cohort), there was a lower death rate than just before emergence of the variant, but the risks of neurological and psychiatric outcomes remained similar. INTERPRETATION: This analysis of 2-year retrospective cohort studies of individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 showed that the increased incidence of mood and anxiety disorders was transient, with no overall excess of these diagnoses compared with other respiratory infections. In contrast, the increased risk of psychotic disorder, cognitive deficit, dementia, and epilepsy or seizures persisted throughout. The differing trajectories suggest a different pathogenesis for these outcomes. Children have a more benign overall profile of psychiatric risk than do adults and older adults, but their sustained higher risk of some diagnoses is of concern. The fact that neurological and psychiatric outcomes were similar during the delta and omicron waves indicates that the burden on the health-care system might continue even with variants that are less severe in other respects. Our findings are relevant to understanding individual-level and population-level risks of neurological and psychiatric disorders after SARS-CoV-2 infection and can help inform our responses to them. FUNDING: National Institute for Health and Care Research Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, The Wolfson Foundation, and MQ Mental Health Research. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Taquet, Maxime AU - Taquet M AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Sillett, Rebecca AU - Sillett R AD - Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Zhu, Lena AU - Zhu L AD - Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Mendel, Jacob AU - Mendel J AD - Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Camplisson, Isabella AU - Camplisson I AD - Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Dercon, Quentin AU - Dercon Q AD - MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK. FAU - Harrison, Paul J AU - Harrison PJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: paul.harrison@psych.ox.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - MC_UU_00030/12/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220817 PL - England TA - Lancet Psychiatry JT - The lancet. Psychiatry JID - 101638123 RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM CIN - Lancet Psychiatry. 2022 Oct;9(10):762-763. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00302-9. PMID: 35987198 MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Brain Ischemia MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Dementia/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Ischemic Stroke MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Seizures MH - *Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders MH - *Stroke PMC - PMC9385200 COIS- Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/08/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/21 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/01 CRDT- 2022/08/20 18:52 PHST- 2022/05/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/20 18:52 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2215-0366(22)00260-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00260-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Lancet Psychiatry. 2022 Oct;9(10):815-827. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00260-7. Epub 2022 Aug 17. PMID- 35983264 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220820 IS - 2328-8957 (Print) IS - 2328-8957 (Electronic) IS - 2328-8957 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 8 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Physical, Psychological, and Cognitive Profile of Post-COVID Conditions in Healthcare Workers, Quebec, Canada. PG - ofac386 LID - 10.1093/ofid/ofac386 [doi] LID - ofac386 AB - BACKGROUND: The prevalence of post-COVID conditions (PCC) and associated physical, psychological, and cognitive symptoms was assessed among Quebec healthcare workers (HCWs) with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: This case-control study compared 6061 symptomatic HCWs with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 between July 2020 and May 2021 with a random sample of 4390 symptomatic HCWs who were test-negative controls. The prevalence of physical symptoms lasting >/=4 weeks (PCC4w) or >/=12 weeks (PCC12w) was estimated among hospitalized and nonhospitalized cases. In multivariate models, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well as vaccine history, were evaluated as potential risk factors. Prevalence ratios compared 4 aspects of self-reported cognitive dysfunction among PCC cases to controls, adjusting for psychological distress and fatigue. RESULTS: PCC4w and PCC12w prevalences of 46% (2746/5943) and 40% (653/1746), respectively, were observed among nonhospitalized cases and 76% (90/118) and 68% (27/37), respectively, among hospitalized cases. Hospitalization, female sex, and age were associated with higher PCC risk. A substantial proportion of nonhospitalized PCC4w cases often or very often reported cognitive dysfunction, including concentration (33%) or organizing (23%) difficulties, forgetfulness (20%), and loss of necessary items (10%). All 4 aspects of cognitive dysfunction were associated with PCC4w symptoms, psychological distress, and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: PCC may be a frequent sequela of ambulatory COVID-19 in working-age adults, with important effects on cognition. With so many HCWs infected, the implications for quality healthcare delivery could be profound if cognitive dysfunction and other severe PCC symptoms persist in a professionally disabling way. Further evaluation of PCC prevalence and prognosis is warranted. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. FAU - Carazo, Sara AU - Carazo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0711-6703 AD - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Skowronski, Danuta M AU - Skowronski DM AD - Communicable Diseases and Immunization Services, BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. FAU - Laforce, Robert Jr AU - Laforce R Jr AD - Interdisciplinary Memory Clinic, Department of Neurological Sciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Talbot, Denis AU - Talbot D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0431-3314 AD - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Falcone, Emilia L AU - Falcone EL AD - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Laliberte, Denis AU - Laliberte D AD - Social and Preventive Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Denis, Geoffroy AU - Denis G AD - Centre integre universitaire de sante et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud de l'Ile de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Deshaies, Pierre AU - Deshaies P AD - Centre Integre Universitaire en Sante et Services Sociaux de Chaudiere-Appalaches, Levis, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Hegg-Deloye, Sandrine AU - Hegg-Deloye S AD - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. FAU - De Serres, Gaston AU - De Serres G AD - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220801 PL - United States TA - Open Forum Infect Dis JT - Open forum infectious diseases JID - 101637045 PMC - PMC9379818 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cognitive dysfunction OT - healthcare workers OT - post-COVID conditions EDAT- 2022/08/20 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/20 06:01 PMCR- 2022/08/01 CRDT- 2022/08/19 02:17 PHST- 2022/06/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/19 02:17 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/20 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ofac386 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ofid/ofac386 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 1;9(8):ofac386. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofac386. eCollection 2022 Aug. PMID- 35981059 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220902 LR - 20250728 IS - 1935-2735 (Electronic) IS - 1935-2727 (Print) IS - 1935-2727 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Chronic sequelae complicate convalescence from both dengue and acute viral respiratory illness. PG - e0010724 LID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010724 [doi] LID - e0010724 AB - Long Covid has raised awareness of the potentially disabling chronic sequelae that afflicts patients after acute viral infection. Similar syndromes of post-infectious sequelae have also been observed after other viral infections such as dengue, but their true prevalence and functional impact remain poorly defined. We prospectively enrolled 209 patients with acute dengue (n = 48; one with severe dengue) and other acute viral respiratory infections (ARI) (n = 161), and followed them up for chronic sequelae up to one year post-enrolment, prior to the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic. Baseline demographics and co-morbidities were balanced between both groups except for gender, with more males in the dengue cohort (63% vs 29%, p<0.001). Except for the first visit, data on symptoms were collected remotely using a purpose-built mobile phone application. Mental health outcomes were evaluated using the validated SF-12v2 Health Survey. Almost all patients (95.8% of dengue and 94.4% of ARI patients) experienced at least one symptom of fatigue, somnolence, headache, concentration impairment or memory impairment within the first week of enrolment. Amongst patients with at least 3-months of follow-up, 18.0% in the dengue cohort and 14.6% in the ARI cohort experienced persistent symptoms. The median month-3 SF-12v2 Mental Component Summary Score was lower in patients who remained symptomatic at 3 months and beyond, compared to those whose symptoms fully resolved (47.7 vs. 56.0, p<0.001), indicating that patients who self-reported persistence of symptoms also experienced functionally worse mental health. No statistically significant difference in age, gender distribution or hospitalisation status was observed between those with and without chronic sequelae. Our findings reveal an under-appreciated burden of post-infection chronic sequelae in dengue and ARI patients. They call for studies to define the pathophysiology of this condition, and determine the efficacy of both vaccines as well as antiviral drugs in preventing such sequelae. FAU - Kalimuddin, Shirin AU - Kalimuddin S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9319-5908 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. AD - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. FAU - Teh, Yii Ean AU - Teh YE AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Wee, Liang En AU - Wee LE AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Paintal, Shay AU - Paintal S AD - Accio Systems Pte Ltd, Singapore. FAU - Sasisekharan, Ram AU - Sasisekharan R AD - Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore. AD - Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. FAU - Low, Jenny G AU - Low JG AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. AD - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore. FAU - Sheth, Sujata K AU - Sheth SK AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore. FAU - Ooi, Eng Eong AU - Ooi EE AD - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. AD - Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore. AD - Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220818 PL - United States TA - PLoS Negl Trop Dis JT - PLoS neglected tropical diseases JID - 101291488 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Convalescence MH - *Dengue/complications/epidemiology MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Pandemics MH - *Respiratory Tract Infections/complications/epidemiology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC9426910 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/08/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/03 06:00 PMCR- 2022/08/18 CRDT- 2022/08/18 14:04 PHST- 2022/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/18 14:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PNTD-D-22-00645 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010724 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022 Aug 18;16(8):e0010724. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010724. eCollection 2022 Aug. PMID- 35958601 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220815 LR - 20260127 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - BNT162b2 booster after heterologous prime-boost vaccination induces potent neutralizing antibodies and T cell reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 in young adults. PG - 882918 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882918 [doi] LID - 882918 AB - In light of the decreasing immune protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection after initial vaccinations and the now dominant immune-evasive Omicron variants, 'booster' vaccinations are regularly performed to restore immune responses. Many individuals have received a primary heterologous prime-boost vaccination with long intervals between vaccinations, but the resulting long-term immunity and the effects of a subsequent 'booster', particularly against Omicron BA.1, have not been defined. We followed a cohort of 23 young adults, who received a primary heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 BNT162b2 prime-boost vaccination, over a 7-month period and analysed how they responded to a BNT162b2 'booster'. We show that already after the primary heterologous vaccination, neutralization titers against Omicron BA.1 are recognizable but that humoral and cellular immunity wanes over the course of half a year. Residual responsive memory T cells recognized spike epitopes of the early SARS-CoV-2 B.1 strain as well as the Delta and BA.1 variants of concern (VOCs). However, the remaining antibody titers hardly neutralized these VOCs. The 'booster' vaccination was well tolerated and elicited both high antibody titers and increased memory T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 including BA.1. Strikingly, in this young heterologously vaccinated cohort the neutralizing activity after the 'booster' was almost as potent against BA.1 as against the early B.1 strain. Our results suggest that a 'booster' after heterologous vaccination results in effective immune maturation and potent protection against the Omicron BA.1 variant in young adults. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Seidel, Zanoni, Gross, Krnavek, Erdemci-Evin, von Maltitz, Albers, Conzelmann, Liu, Weil, Mayer, Hoffmann, Pohlmann, Beil, Kroschel, Kirchhoff, Munch and Muller. FAU - Seidel, Alina AU - Seidel A AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Zanoni, Michelle AU - Zanoni M AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Gross, Rudiger AU - Gross R AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Krnavek, Daniela AU - Krnavek D AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Erdemci-Evin, Sumeyye AU - Erdemci-Evin S AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - von Maltitz, Pascal AU - von Maltitz P AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Albers, Dan P J AU - Albers DPJ AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Conzelmann, Carina AU - Conzelmann C AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Liu, Sichen AU - Liu S AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Weil, Tatjana AU - Weil T AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Mayer, Benjamin AU - Mayer B AD - Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Hoffmann, Markus AU - Hoffmann M AD - Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Gottingen, Germany. AD - Faculty of Biology and Psychology, Georg-August-University Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany. FAU - Pohlmann, Stefan AU - Pohlmann S AD - Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Gottingen, Germany. AD - Faculty of Biology and Psychology, Georg-August-University Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany. FAU - Beil, Alexandra AU - Beil A AD - Central Department for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Kroschel, Joris AU - Kroschel J AD - Central Department for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Kirchhoff, Frank AU - Kirchhoff F AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Munch, Jan AU - Munch J AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. AD - Core Facility Functional Peptidomics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Muller, Janis A AU - Muller JA AD - Institute of Virology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany. AD - Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220725 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC9357986 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B.1.1.529.1 OT - BA.1 OT - COVID-19 OT - ChadOx1 nCoV-19 OT - delta OT - humoral immunity OT - memory T cells OT - vaccination interval COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/08/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/25 CRDT- 2022/08/12 03:00 PHST- 2022/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/12 03:00 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882918 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 25;13:882918. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882918. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35954625 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220815 LR - 20250728 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 15 DP - 2022 Jul 28 TI - Acceptance and Adherence to COVID-19 Vaccination-The Role of Cognitive and Emotional Representations. LID - 10.3390/ijerph19159268 [doi] LID - 9268 AB - Vaccine hesitation is a topic of utmost importance, with the COVID-19 pandemic serving as a clear reminder of its timeliness. Besides evaluating COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in a sample of Portuguese people, this study aims at understanding cognitive and emotional representations related to vaccination, and their influence on vaccination hesitation. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between 27 December 2020 and 27 January 2021. It assessed cognitive and emotional COVID-19 representations; vaccination status; cognitive and emotional representations of vaccination and perceived necessity and concerns about vaccines. Of 31 x 58 participants, 91% accepted taking a COVID-19 vaccine. Among several other significant findings, women (71.3%) more often considered that the pandemic affected their lives (p < 0.001) and were more often concerned with being infected (p < 0.001). Likewise, there were significantly more female participants concerned about taking a COVID-19 vaccine and its possible effects, when compared to the number of male participants (p < 0.001). The number of participants with a higher education level that were more worried about becoming infected was greater (p = 0.001), when compared with those less educated. Regarding age groups, people aged 18 to 24 had fewer concerned participants (9.6%), while the number of individuals aged 55 to 64 had the most (p < 0.001). Somewhat surprisingly, perceiving oneself as extremely informed about COVID-19 was not associated with greater vaccine acceptance (OR = 1.534 [1.160-2.029]; (p = 0.003)). Moreover, people aged 25 to 64 years old and with lower education level were more likely not to accept vaccination (OR = 2.799 [1.085-7.221]; (p = 0.033)). Finally, being more concerned about taking a vaccine lowers its acceptance (OR = 4.001 [2.518-6.356]; (p < 0.001)). Cognitive and emotional representations have a great impact and are reliable predictors of vaccine acceptance. Thus, it is of extreme importance that public health messages be adapted to the different characteristics of the population. FAU - Pinho, Simao AU - Pinho S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1433-3052 AD - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. AD - Sao Joao University Hospital Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Cruz, Mariana AU - Cruz M AD - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Dias, Claudia Camila AU - Dias CC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9356-3272 AD - CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. AD - Knowledge Management Unit and Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Castro-Lopes, Jose M AU - Castro-Lopes JM AD - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Sampaio, Rute AU - Sampaio R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9009-6653 AD - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. AD - CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220728 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Cognition MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Pandemics MH - Patient Acceptance of Health Care MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9368462 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - adherence OT - cognition OT - emotion OT - representations OT - vaccination COIS- The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. EDAT- 2022/08/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/28 CRDT- 2022/08/12 01:06 PHST- 2022/06/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/12 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph19159268 [pii] AID - ijerph-19-09268 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph19159268 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 28;19(15):9268. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159268. PMID- 35944882 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220913 LR - 20221222 IS - 1521-7035 (Electronic) IS - 1521-6616 (Print) IS - 1521-6616 (Linking) VI - 242 DP - 2022 Sep TI - Decrease in CD8(+)CD45(+)CCR7(+)CD62L(+) T cells in individuals vaccinated with Sinovac-CoronaVac following COVID-19 infection. PG - 109092 LID - S1521-6616(22)00173-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109092 [doi] AB - Vaccines induce antibodies, but T cell responses are also important for protection against Coronavirus disease 2019. Here, we analyzed the frequency of memory T cells in infected and/or vaccinated individuals and observed a decrease in central memory T cells in individuals who were vaccinated following COVID-19 infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Fonseca, Damaris C S C AU - Fonseca DCSC AD - Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Rocha, Mirtes C B AU - Rocha MCB AD - Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhao - LACEN-MA, Sao Luis, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhao - UFMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Pereira, Lucca A AU - Pereira LA AD - Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Botega, Leticia P AU - Botega LP AD - Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Cutrim, Susanne C P F AU - Cutrim SCPF AD - Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Silva, Fabiano V AU - Silva FV AD - Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhao - LACEN-MA, Sao Luis, Brazil; IOC/FIOCRUZ-RJ - Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine, Brazil. FAU - Batista, Flavio D AU - Batista FD AD - Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Rego, Adriana S AU - Rego AS AD - Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Falcai, Angela AU - Falcai A AD - Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Lima-Neto, Lidio G AU - Lima-Neto LG AD - Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil; Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhao - LACEN-MA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Santos, Ana Paula S A AU - Santos APSA AD - Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhao - UFMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Carvalho, Rafael C AU - Carvalho RC AD - Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. FAU - Sousa, Eduardo M AU - Sousa EM AD - Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University - UniCEUMA, Sao Luis, Brazil. Electronic address: eduardo.martins@ceuma.br. LA - eng PT - Letter PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220806 PL - United States TA - Clin Immunol JT - Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) JID - 100883537 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Humans MH - Memory T Cells/cytology MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9356635 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Immune memory OT - T cells OT - Vaccination COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/08/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/08/06 CRDT- 2022/08/09 19:37 PHST- 2022/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/09 19:37 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1521-6616(22)00173-5 [pii] AID - 109092 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109092 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Immunol. 2022 Sep;242:109092. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109092. Epub 2022 Aug 6. PMID- 35942262 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220810 LR - 20250728 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2022 TI - The role of e-health literacy and some cognitive factors in adopting protective behaviors of COVID-19 in Khalkhal residents. PG - 916362 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.916362 [doi] LID - 916362 AB - BACKGROUND: Several vaccines have recently been generated and are being utilized to prevent COVID-19 mortality. Although the disease is causing many fatalities worldwide, preventative practices should be prioritized, even if vaccines are available. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the role of e-health literacy and some cognitive factors in adopting protective behaviors against COVID-19 in Khalkhal residents. METHODS: In the present cross-sectional study we recruited 380 people aged 18-65 according to cluster sampling from September 2021 to December 2021 in Khalkhal County, Iran. Reliable and validated tools were applied to data collection, including the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) in Persian and the Cognitive factors assessment questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). Data were analyzed using Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, independent samples t-test, and bivariate correlation. The predictors were also determined using hierarchical linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The average age of the participants was 35.26 +/- 11.51 years. The regression analysis implied that gender (p-value = 0.032), education level (p-value = 0.001), occupational status (p-value = 0.002), income (p-value = 0.001), and marriage (p-value = 0.001) had statistically significant associations with e-HL. Additionally, education level (p-value = 0.001), occupational status (p-value = 0.001), income (p-value = 0.001), and marriage (p-value = 0.002) revealed statistically significant associations with COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Approximately 16.5% of the variation in the COVID-19 protective behaviors is explained by the cognitive factors and the demographic variables. Overall, demographic, cognitive, and e-HL variables were able to explain roughly 35.5% of the variation in COVID-19 protective behaviors. Furthermore, self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of protective behaviors (beta = 0.214). CONCLUSIONS: HBM constructs successfully predicted the role of e-health literacy and some cognitive factors in adopting COVID-19 protective behaviors. People with high socioeconomic levels were better at e-health literacy and COVID-19 protective behaviors during the pandemic. Moreover, applying approaches to adopting COVID-19 protective behaviors is essential, especially in low socioeconomic status (SES) groups. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Rezakhani Moghaddam, Ranjbaran and Babazadeh. FAU - Rezakhani Moghaddam, Hamed AU - Rezakhani Moghaddam H AD - Department of Public Health, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran. FAU - Ranjbaran, Soheila AU - Ranjbaran S AD - Department of Public Health, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran. FAU - Babazadeh, Towhid AU - Babazadeh T AD - Department of Public Health, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220722 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Cognition MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Health Literacy MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Pandemics MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC9356231 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Iran OT - e-health literacy OT - health belief model OT - protective behaviors EDAT- 2022/08/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/11 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/22 CRDT- 2022/08/09 02:07 PHST- 2022/04/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/09 02:07 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.916362 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2022 Jul 22;10:916362. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.916362. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35941157 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220810 LR - 20250728 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Aug 8 TI - COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine induces transient CD8+ T effector cell responses while conserving the memory pool for subsequent reactivation. PG - 4631 LID - 10.1038/s41467-022-32324-x [doi] LID - 4631 AB - Immunization with two mRNA vaccine doses elicits robust spike-specific CD8(+) T cell responses, but reports of waning immunity after COVID-19 vaccination prompt the introduction of booster vaccination campaigns. However, the effect of mRNA booster vaccination on the spike-specific CD8(+) T cell response remains unclear. Here we show that spike-specific CD8(+) T cells are activated and expanded in all analyzed individuals receiving the 3(rd) and 4(th) mRNA vaccine shots. This CD8(+) T cell boost response is followed by a contraction phase and lasts only for about 30-60 days. The spike-specific CD8(+) T memory stem cell pool is not affected by the 3(rd) vaccination. Both 4(th) vaccination and breakthrough infections with Delta and Omicron rapidly reactivate CD8(+) T memory cells. In contrast, neutralizing antibody responses display little boost effect towards Omicron. Thus, COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination elicits a transient T effector cell response while long-term spike-specific CD8(+) T cell immunity is conserved to mount robust memory recall targeting emerging variants of concern. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Reinscheid, Matthias AU - Reinscheid M AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Luxenburger, Hendrik AU - Luxenburger H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7182-8620 AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - IMM-PACT, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Karl, Vivien AU - Karl V AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Graeser, Anne AU - Graeser A AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Giese, Sebastian AU - Giese S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6215-5743 AD - Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Ciminski, Kevin AU - Ciminski K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5397-7497 AD - Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Reeg, David B AU - Reeg DB AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Oberhardt, Valerie AU - Oberhardt V AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Roehlen, Natascha AU - Roehlen N AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Lang-Meli, Julia AU - Lang-Meli J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0374-1093 AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - IMM-PACT, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Heim, Kathrin AU - Heim K AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Gross, Nina AU - Gross N AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Baum, Christina AU - Baum C AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Rieg, Siegbert AU - Rieg S AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Speer, Claudius AU - Speer C AD - Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. AD - Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit Heidelberg, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Emmerich, Florian AU - Emmerich F AD - Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Breisinger, Susanne AU - Breisinger S AD - Occupational Medical Service, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Steinmann, Daniel AU - Steinmann D AD - Occupational Medical Service, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Bengsch, Bertram AU - Bengsch B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2552-740X AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Boettler, Tobias AU - Boettler T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1195-055X AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - Berta-Ottenstein Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Kochs, Georg AU - Kochs G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0187-559X AD - Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Schwemmle, Martin AU - Schwemmle M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2972-6855 AD - Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Thimme, Robert AU - Thimme R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1417-4135 AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. robert.thimme@uniklinik-freiburg.de. FAU - Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph AU - Neumann-Haefelin C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7351-1387 AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. christoph.neumann-haefelin@uniklinik-freiburg.de. FAU - Hofmann, Maike AU - Hofmann M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8410-8833 AD - Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. maike.hofmann@uniklinik-freiburg.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220808 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - RNA, Messenger MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9358914 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/08/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/11 06:00 PMCR- 2022/08/08 CRDT- 2022/08/08 23:19 PHST- 2022/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/08 23:19 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-022-32324-x [pii] AID - 32324 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-022-32324-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2022 Aug 8;13(1):4631. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32324-x. PMID- 35932763 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220919 LR - 20240923 IS - 1934-6069 (Electronic) IS - 1931-3128 (Print) IS - 1931-3128 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Sep 14 TI - Immunological memory to common cold coronaviruses assessed longitudinally over a three-year period pre-COVID19 pandemic. PG - 1269-1278.e4 LID - S1931-3128(22)00358-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chom.2022.07.012 [doi] AB - The immune memory to common cold coronaviruses (CCCs) influences SARS-CoV-2 infection outcome, and understanding its effect is crucial for pan-coronavirus vaccine development. We performed a longitudinal analysis of pre-COVID19-pandemic samples from 2016-2019 in young adults and assessed CCC-specific CD4+ T cell and antibody responses. Notably, CCC responses were commonly detected with comparable frequencies as with other common antigens and were sustained over time. CCC-specific CD4+ T cell responses were associated with low HLA-DR+CD38+ signals, and their magnitude did not correlate with yearly CCC infection prevalence. Similarly, CCC-specific and spike RBD-specific IgG responses were stable in time. Finally, high CCC-specific CD4+ T cell reactivity, but not antibody titers, was associated with pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 immunity. These results provide a valuable reference for understanding the immune response to endemic coronaviruses and suggest that steady and sustained CCC responses are likely from a stable pool of memory CD4+ T cells due to repeated earlier exposures and possibly occasional reinfections. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Yu, Esther Dawen AU - Yu ED AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Narowski, Tara M AU - Narowski TM AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7290, USA. FAU - Wang, Eric AU - Wang E AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Garrigan, Emily AU - Garrigan E AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Mateus, Jose AU - Mateus J AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Frazier, April AU - Frazier A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Premkumar, Lakshmanane AU - Premkumar L AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7290, USA. FAU - da Silva Antunes, Ricardo AU - da Silva Antunes R AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: rantunes@lji.org. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: alex@lji.org. LA - eng GR - U01 AI141995/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 CA260543/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00065/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00066/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220720 PL - United States TA - Cell Host Microbe JT - Cell host & microbe JID - 101302316 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2022 Mar 02:2022.03.01.482548. doi: 10.1101/2022.03.01.482548. PMID: 35262082 MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Common Cold/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC9296686 MID - NIHMS1825893 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - common cold coronaviruses OT - immune memory OT - longitudinal analysis OT - steady state COIS- Declaration of interests A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, Arcturus Therapeutics, ImmunoScape, CellCarta, Avalia, Moderna, Fortress, and Repertoire. L.J.I. has filed for patent protection for various aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 epitope pools design. EDAT- 2022/08/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/20 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/20 CRDT- 2022/08/06 18:42 PHST- 2022/04/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/06 18:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1931-3128(22)00358-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chom.2022.07.012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Host Microbe. 2022 Sep 14;30(9):1269-1278.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.07.012. Epub 2022 Jul 20. PMID- 35917129 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220804 LR - 20250728 IS - 2574-3805 (Electronic) IS - 2574-3805 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 8 DP - 2022 Aug 1 TI - Quality Measures for Patients at Risk of Adverse Outcomes in the Veterans Health Administration: Expert Panel Recommendations. PG - e2224938 LID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.24938 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Despite longstanding efforts to improve health care quality for patients with complex needs who are at highest risk for hospitalization or death, to our knowledge, no guidance exists on what constitutes measurable high-quality care for this heterogeneous population. Identifying quality measures that are cross-cutting (ie, relevant to multiple chronic conditions and disease states) may enable health care professionals and health care systems to better design and report on quality improvement efforts for this patient population. OBJECTIVE: To identify quality measures of care and prioritize quality-of-care concepts in the ambulatory primary care setting for patients in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) who have complex care needs and are at high risk for adverse outcomes, such as hospitalization or death. EVIDENCE REVIEW: In this expert panel assessment and prioritization, relevant measure concepts for future quality measure development in 3 care categories (assessment, management, and other features of health care) were extracted from a systematic review, conducted from June 2020 to June 2021, of published studies that suggested, evaluated, or used indicators of quality care for patients at high risk of adverse outcomes. Measure concepts associated with single conditions, surgical or other specialty care settings, and inpatient care were excluded. A panel of 14 experts (10 VHA leaders and staff, 2 non-VHA physician investigators, and 2 veterans) discussed and rated the importance of the remaining set of potentially relevant measure concepts using a modified RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method on January 15, 2021. Measure concepts were rated on a scale of 1 to 9, with 9 being the highest priority. A median rating of 7.5 or greater was used as the cutoff to identify the highest-priority items. FINDINGS: The systematic review identified 519 measure concepts, from which 15 domains and 49 measure concepts were proposed for expert panel consideration. After panel discussions and changes to measure concepts, the expert panel rated 63 measure concepts in 13 domains. The measure concepts with the highest median ratings focused on caregiver availability and support, COVID-19 vaccination, and pneumonia vaccination (all rated 9.0); housing instability (rated 8.5); and physical function, depression symptoms, cognitive impairment, prescription regimen, primary care follow-up after an emergency department visit or hospitalization, and timely transmission of discharge information to primary care (all rated 8.0). Recommendations to improve care included timely assessment of housing instability, caregiver support, physical function, depression symptoms, and cognitive impairment; annual prescription regimen review; coordinated transitions in care; and preventive care including vaccinations. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The expert panelists identified a parsimonious set of high-priority, evidence-based, cross-cutting quality measure concepts for improving care of patients at high risk for adverse health outcomes in the VHA. These quality measures may inform both future research for patients at high risk and health care system quality improvement. FAU - Chang, Evelyn T AU - Chang ET AD - Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California. AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California. AD - David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. FAU - Newberry, Sydne AU - Newberry S AD - RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California. FAU - Rubenstein, Lisa V AU - Rubenstein LV AD - RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California. FAU - Motala, Aneesa AU - Motala A AD - RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California. AD - University of Southern California, Los Angeles. FAU - Booth, Marika J AU - Booth MJ AD - RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California. FAU - Shekelle, Paul G AU - Shekelle PG AD - Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California. AD - Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California. AD - David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. AD - RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20220801 PL - United States TA - JAMA Netw Open JT - JAMA network open JID - 101729235 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM CIN - JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Aug 1;5(8):e2224945. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.24945. PMID: 35917127 MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - *Quality Indicators, Health Care MH - Quality of Health Care MH - Veterans Health EDAT- 2022/08/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/05 06:00 CRDT- 2022/08/02 11:32 PHST- 2022/08/02 11:32 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/05 06:00 [medline] AID - 2794869 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.24938 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Aug 1;5(8):e2224938. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.24938. PMID- 35911910 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231101 IS - 1664-2295 (Print) IS - 1664-2295 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2295 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - A Review on Headaches Due to COVID-19 Infection. PG - 942956 LID - 10.3389/fneur.2022.942956 [doi] LID - 942956 AB - Since December 2019, the time when the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was spotted, numerous review studies have been published on COVID-19 and its neuro invasion. A growing number of studies have reported headaches as a common neurological manifestation of COVID-19. Although several hypotheses have been proposed regarding the association between headache and the coronavirus, no solid evidence has been presented for the mechanism and features of headache in COVID-19. Headache also is a common complaint with the omicron variant of the virus. COVID-19 vaccination also is a cause of new-onset headaches or aggravation of the previous headache in migraine or tension headache sufferers. In this review study, the types of headaches reported in previous studies and their possible pathogenic mechanisms are outlined. To accomplish this objective, various types of headaches are classified and their patterns are discussed according to ICHD-3 diagnostic criteria, including, headaches attributed to systemic viral infection, viral meningitis or encephalitis, non-infectious inflammatory intracranial disease, hypoxia and/or hypercapnia, cranial or cervical vascular disorder, increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, refractive error, external-compression headache, and cough headache. Then, their pathogeneses are categorized into three main categories, direct trigeminal involvement, vascular invasion, and inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, persistent headache after recovery and the predictors of intensity is further investigated. Post-vaccination headache is also discussed in this review. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Togha, Hashemi, Yamani, Martami and Salami. FAU - Togha, Mansoureh AU - Togha M AD - Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Researches, Institute of Neuroscience, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Headache Department, Neurology Ward, Sina Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Hashemi, Seyedeh Melika AU - Hashemi SM AD - Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Researches, Institute of Neuroscience, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Yamani, Nooshin AU - Yamani N AD - Neurology Department, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. FAU - Martami, Fahimeh AU - Martami F AD - Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Researches, Institute of Neuroscience, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Salami, Zhale AU - Salami Z AD - Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Researches, Institute of Neuroscience, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220712 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurol JT - Frontiers in neurology JID - 101546899 PMC - PMC9327440 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - headache OT - headache disorders OT - neuro-inflammation COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/08/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/02 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/12 CRDT- 2022/08/01 03:53 PHST- 2022/05/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/01 03:53 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/02 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fneur.2022.942956 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurol. 2022 Jul 12;13:942956. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.942956. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35909330 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240205 LR - 20240205 IS - 2576-2095 (Electronic) IS - 2096-5451 (Print) IS - 2576-2095 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 5 DP - 2022 Oct TI - The effects of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and subsequent infection of pregnant mice on the behaviors of offspring. PG - 430-435 LID - 10.1002/ame2.12261 [doi] AB - The mass inoculation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines to induce herd immunity is one of the most effective measures we can deploy in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Pregnant women are prone to a higher risk of COVID-19, and maternal infection is a risk factor for a range of neurological disorders leading to abnormal behavior in adulthood. However, there are limited clinical data to support whether vaccination or infection post-immunization in pregnant women can affect the behavioral cognition of fetuses in adulthood. In this study, human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 pregnant mice (F0 generation) were immunized with CoronaVac and then infected with SARS-CoV-2. Subsequently, we analyzed the behavioral cognition of their adult offspring (F1 generation) using the open-field test and Morris water maze test. The adult F1 generation did not exhibit any impairments in spontaneous locomotor activity or spatial reference memory. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Animal Models and Experimental Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of The Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences. FAU - Lin, Kaili AU - Lin K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6021-1948 AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Meixuan AU - Liu M AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Sun, Lu AU - Sun L AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Qiao, Hongwei AU - Qiao H AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Shunyi AU - Wang S AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Pan, Sidan AU - Pan S AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Fu, Hanjun AU - Fu H AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Jingzhu AU - Wang J AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Wei, Qiang AU - Wei Q AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Gao, Hong AU - Gao H AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220731 PL - United States TA - Animal Model Exp Med JT - Animal models and experimental medicine JID - 101726292 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Female MH - Mice MH - Pregnancy MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Immunity, Herd MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9353298 OTO - NOTNLM OT - offspring OT - spatial reference memory OT - spontaneous locomotor activity COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/08/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/01 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/31 CRDT- 2022/08/01 02:43 PHST- 2022/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/01 02:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AME212261 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ame2.12261 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Animal Model Exp Med. 2022 Oct;5(5):430-435. doi: 10.1002/ame2.12261. Epub 2022 Jul 31. PMID- 35905950 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221027 LR - 20230124 IS - 1878-3511 (Electronic) IS - 1201-9712 (Print) IS - 1201-9712 (Linking) VI - 122 DP - 2022 Sep TI - Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people with gastrointestinal cancer. PG - 874-884 LID - S1201-9712(22)00446-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.050 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in patients with gastrointestinal cancer (GI) cancer. The role of memory B cells (MBCs) in the humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination was also investigated. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, GI cancer patients and healthy individuals who had received 2 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines were included. The data regarding adverse effects, serum anti-receptor binding domain (RBD)-IgG, neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), and frequencies of MBCs were collected prospectively. RESULTS: The inactivated COVID-19 vaccines were safe and well tolerated. Serum anti-RBG-IgG and NAbs were lower for cancer patients. Old age, high ASA score, and receiving active chemotherapy were risk factors for lower antibody titers. The frequencies of activated and resting MBCs decreased in (17.45% vs 38.11%, P = 0.002; 16.98% vs 34.13%, P = 0.023), while the frequencies of intermediate and atypical MBCs increased in cancer patients (40.06% vs 19.87%, P = 0.010; 25.47% vs 16.61%, P = 0.025). The serum antibody titer decreased gradually during follow-up but increased when a booster vaccine was given. CONCLUSION: The inactivated COVID-19 vaccines were well tolerated in patients with GI cancer but with lower immunogenicity. The subpopulations of MBCs were disordered in cancer patients, and a booster vaccine may be prioritized for them. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Li, Tong AU - Li T AD - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Song, Rui AU - Song R AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Wang, Jingjie AU - Wang J AD - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Jianbo AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Cai, Hongxing AU - Cai H AD - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - He, Hongmei AU - He H AD - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Hu, Wei AU - Hu W AD - Department of General Surgery, The Renmin Hospital of Wushan country, Chongqing, China. FAU - Yu, Dajun AU - Yu D AD - Department of General Surgery, The Renmin Hospital of Wushan country, Chongqing, China. FAU - Wang, Chuanhu AU - Wang C AD - Department of General Surgery, The Renmin Hospital of Wushan country, Chongqing, China. FAU - Pan, Qingbo AU - Pan Q AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Peng, Mingli AU - Peng M AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ren, Hong AU - Ren H AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: renhong0531@cqmu.edu.cn. FAU - Zhu, Peng AU - Zhu P AD - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: zupeng@cqmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20220726 PL - Canada TA - Int J Infect Dis JT - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases JID - 9610933 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - *Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/chemically induced MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology MH - Immunogenicity, Vaccine PMC - PMC9316719 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Inactivated vaccine OT - Memory B cells COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2022/07/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/26 CRDT- 2022/07/29 19:23 PHST- 2022/07/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/29 19:23 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1201-9712(22)00446-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.050 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Sep;122:874-884. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.050. Epub 2022 Jul 26. PMID- 35899045 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220729 LR - 20250728 IS - 2235-2988 (Electronic) IS - 2235-2988 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2022 TI - Acute Surge of Atypical Memory and Plasma B-Cell Subsets Driven by an Extrafollicular Response in Severe COVID-19. PG - 909218 LID - 10.3389/fcimb.2022.909218 [doi] LID - 909218 AB - BACKGROUND: Despite the use of vaccines and therapeutics against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, this severe disease has been a critical burden on public health, whereas the pathogenic mechanism remains elusive. Recently, accumulating evidence underscores the potential role of the aberrant B-cell response and humoral immunity in disease progression, especially in high-risk groups. METHODS: Using single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing analysis, we investigated transcriptional features of B-cell population in peripheral blood from COVID-19 patients and compared them, according to clinical severity and disease course, against a public B-cell dataset. RESULTS: We confirmed that acute B cells differentiate into plasma cells, particularly in severe patients, potentially through enhanced extrafollicular (EF) differentiation. In severe groups, the elevated plasma B-cell response displayed increased B-cell receptor (BCR) diversity, as well as higher levels of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) spike antibodies in plasma, than those in moderate cases, suggesting more robust and heterogeneous plasma cell response in severe COVID-19 patients. Trajectory analysis identified a differentiation pathway for the EF B-cell response from active naive to atypical memory B cells (AM2), in addition to the emergence of an aberrant plasma cell subset (PC2), which was associated with COVID-19 progression and severity. The AM2 and PC2 subsets surged in the acute phase of the severe disease and presented multiple inflammatory features, including higher cytokine expression and humoral effector function, respectively. These features differ from other B-cell subsets, suggesting a pathogenic potential for disease progression. CONCLUSION: The acute surge of AM2 and PC2 subsets with lower somatic hypermutation and higher inflammatory features may be driven by the EF B-cell response during the acute phase of severe COVID-19 and may represent one of the critical drivers in disease severity. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Lee, Kim, Kim, Ha, Lee, Chin and Cho. FAU - Lee, Taeseob AU - Lee T AD - Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Discovery department, Biomarker Laboratory, Geninus Inc., Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Yuri AU - Kim Y AD - Institute of Endemic Diseases, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyun Je AU - Kim HJ AD - College of Medicine, Genome Medicine Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Ha, Na-Young AU - Ha NY AD - Institute of Endemic Diseases, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Siyoung AU - Lee S AD - Discovery department, Biomarker Laboratory, Geninus Inc., Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Chin, BumSik AU - Chin B AD - Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Cho, Nam-Hyuk AU - Cho NH AD - Institute of Endemic Diseases, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University, Seongnam, South Korea. AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220708 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Cell Infect Microbiol JT - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology JID - 101585359 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM EIN - Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Mar 22;13:1178630. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1178630. PMID: 37033496 MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *B-Lymphocyte Subsets MH - *COVID-19 MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Pandemics PMC - PMC9309264 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - antibody response OT - extrafollicular response OT - plasma cell COIS- Authors: TL and SL, are employed by Geninus Inc. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/30 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/08 CRDT- 2022/07/28 02:20 PHST- 2022/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/28 02:20 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fcimb.2022.909218 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jul 8;12:909218. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.909218. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35891278 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220731 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul 13 TI - A Rare Adverse Effect of the COVID-19 Vaccine on Autoimmune Encephalitis. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10071114 [doi] LID - 1114 AB - Since countries commenced COVID-19 vaccination around the world, many vaccine-related adverse effects have been reported. Among them, short-term memory loss with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) was reported as a rare adverse effect. Since case numbers are limited, this brief report may draw the attention of the medical community to this uncommon adverse effect and serve as a reference for future vaccine improvement. However, given the high risk of adverse outcomes when infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the clearly favorable safety/tolerability profile of existing vaccines, vaccination is still recommended. FAU - Huang, Ying-Fong AU - Huang YF AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. FAU - Ho, Tzu-Chuan AU - Ho TC AD - Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. FAU - Chang, Chin-Chuan AU - Chang CC AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - Department of Electrical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan. FAU - Shen, Daniel Hueng-Yuan AU - Shen DH AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan. FAU - Chan, Hung-Pin AU - Chan HP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9741-5824 AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan. FAU - Chuang, Kuo-Pin AU - Chuang KP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3973-8390 AD - Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan. FAU - Tyan, Yu-Chang AU - Tyan YC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1917-5893 AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan. AD - Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. AD - Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. FAU - Yang, Ming-Hui AU - Yang MH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5856-0498 AD - Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan. AD - Center of General Education, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan. LA - eng GR - MOST 109-2221-E-037-001-MY3/Ministry of Science and Technology/ GR - KMUH110-0T02/Kaohsiung Medical University/ GR - NPUST-KMU-111-P002/NPUST-KMU JOINT RESEARCH PROJECT/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220713 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9319671 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - adverse effect OT - autoimmune encephalitis OT - lymphocytic pleocytosis OT - short-term memory loss COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/28 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/28 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/13 CRDT- 2022/07/27 01:43 PHST- 2022/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/27 01:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/28 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10071114 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-01114 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10071114 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jul 13;10(7):1114. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10071114. PMID- 35867217 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221101 LR - 20221101 IS - 1590-3478 (Electronic) IS - 1590-1874 (Print) IS - 1590-1874 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 11 DP - 2022 Nov TI - Infectious diseases and cognition: do we have to worry? PG - 6215-6224 LID - 10.1007/s10072-022-06280-9 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Age-related physiological changes, particularly immune system decline, may contribute to greater vulnerability to infectious diseases in older individuals. A growing body of evidence shows that both, acute, and chronic infections may be accompanied by cognitive disturbances as part of their manifestations. Given the importance of cognition in aging trajectories, the objective of this article was to review current knowledge on cognitive outcomes of infectious diseases in older adults, and to emphasize the importance of considering cognition as a domain of interest in its own rights in these diseases. METHODS: A MEDLINE/PubMed database search was conducted to identify articles reporting cognitive impairment associated with various severe acute infections and specific chronic infectious conditions such as human immune deficiency virus, the herpes virus family, hepatitis C virus, Lyme borreliosis, Helicobacter pylori, periodontitis, and emerging pathogens like SARS-CoV-2, as well as potentially preventive strategies like vaccination. RESULTS/ CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, the studies examined in the present review emphasize that numerous acute and chronic infectious diseases share mechanisms that, when added to specific risk factors frequently found in older persons, contribute to considerably increase the risk of cognitive outcomes such as cognitive decline and dementia. This review may help to appreciate the role that infectious diseases play in cognitive trajectories and thus promote further investigation on the topic. CI - (c) 2022. Fondazione Societa Italiana di Neurologia. FAU - Hernandez-Ruiz, Virgilio AU - Hernandez-Ruiz V AD - UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France. virgilioh@gmail.com. AD - Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas Y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. virgilioh@gmail.com. FAU - Letenneur, Luc AU - Letenneur L AD - UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France. FAU - Fulop, Tamas AU - Fulop T AD - Research Center On Aging, Geriatric Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universite de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Helmer, Catherine AU - Helmer C AD - UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France. FAU - Roubaud-Baudron, Claire AU - Roubaud-Baudron C AD - CHU Bordeaux, Pole de Gerontologie Clinique, 33000, Bordeaux, France. AD - Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR U1312 - BRIC, 33000, Bordeaux, France. FAU - Avila-Funes, Jose-Alberto AU - Avila-Funes JA AD - UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France. AD - Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas Y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Amieva, Helene AU - Amieva H AD - UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220722 PL - Italy TA - Neurol Sci JT - Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology JID - 100959175 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Dementia/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *COVID-19 MH - Cognition MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology MH - *Communicable Diseases/complications/epidemiology PMC - PMC9305033 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cognitive decline OT - Dementia OT - Infectious diseases OT - Older persons COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/07/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/02 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/22 CRDT- 2022/07/22 11:19 PHST- 2022/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/22 11:19 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10072-022-06280-9 [pii] AID - 6280 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10072-022-06280-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Sci. 2022 Nov;43(11):6215-6224. doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-06280-9. Epub 2022 Jul 22. PMID- 35862718 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220812 LR - 20251031 IS - 1098-5514 (Electronic) IS - 0022-538X (Print) IS - 0022-538X (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 15 DP - 2022 Aug 10 TI - Persistent Maintenance of Intermediate Memory B Cells Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination Recall Response. PG - e0076022 LID - 10.1128/jvi.00760-22 [doi] LID - e00760-22 AB - Robust population-wide immunity will help to curb the SARS-CoV-2 pandemics. To maintain the immunity at protective levels, the quality and persistence of the immune response elicited by infection or vaccination must be determined. We analyzed the dynamics of B cell response during 12 months following SARS-CoV-2 infection on an individual level. In contrast to antibodies, memory B cells specific for the spike (S) protein persisted at high levels throughout the period. These cells efficiently secreted neutralizing antibodies and correlated with IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) T cells. Interestingly, the CD27(-)CD21(+) intermediate memory B cell phenotype was associated with high B cell receptor avidity and the production of neutralizing antibodies. Vaccination of previously infected individuals triggered a recall response enhancing neutralizing antibody and memory B cell levels. Collectively, our findings provide a detailed insight into the longevity of SARS-CoV-2-infection-induced B cell immunity and highlight the importance of vaccination among previously infected. IMPORTANCE To efficiently maintain immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection, we must first determine the durability of the immune response following infection or vaccination. Here, we demonstrated that, unlike antibodies, virus-specific memory B cells persist at high levels for at least 12 months postinfection and successfully respond to a secondary antigen challenge. Furthermore, we demonstrated that vaccination of previously infected individuals significantly boosters B cell immunity. FAU - Pusnik, Jernej AU - Pusnik J AD - Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Konig, Julia AU - Konig J AD - Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Mai, Karola AU - Mai K AD - Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Richter, Enrico AU - Richter E AD - Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Zorn, Jasmin AU - Zorn J AD - Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Proksch, Hannah AU - Proksch H AD - Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Schulte, Bianca AU - Schulte B AD - Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Alter, Galit AU - Alter G AD - Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Streeck, Hendrik AU - Streeck H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0335-6390 AD - Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220712 PL - United States TA - J Virol JT - Journal of virology JID - 0113724 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (IFNG protein, human) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/chemistry/immunology MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Interferon-gamma/immunology MH - *Memory B Cells/cytology/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Time Factors MH - *Vaccination PMC - PMC9364791 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4+ T cell OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody OT - immunity OT - immunization OT - kinetics OT - longevity OT - longitudinal OT - memory B cells OT - neutralization OT - recovered OT - spike OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/13 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/12 CRDT- 2022/07/21 15:04 PHST- 2022/07/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/21 15:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00760-22 [pii] AID - jvi.00760-22 [pii] AID - 10.1128/jvi.00760-22 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Virol. 2022 Aug 10;96(15):e0076022. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00760-22. Epub 2022 Jul 12. PMID- 35862442 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220725 LR - 20260522 IS - 1553-7374 (Electronic) IS - 1553-7366 (Print) IS - 1553-7366 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Structure-selected RBM immunogens prime polyclonal memory responses that neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. PG - e1010686 LID - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010686 [doi] LID - e1010686 AB - Successful control of the COVID-19 pandemic depends on vaccines that prevent transmission. The full-length Spike protein is highly immunogenic but the majority of antibodies do not target the virus: ACE2 interface. In an effort to affect the quality of the antibody response focusing it to the receptor-binding motif (RBM) we generated a series of conformationally-constrained immunogens by inserting solvent-exposed RBM amino acid residues into hypervariable loops of an immunoglobulin molecule. Priming C57BL/6 mice with plasmid (p)DNA encoding these constructs yielded a rapid memory response to booster immunization with recombinant Spike protein. Immune sera antibodies bound strongly to the purified receptor-binding domain (RBD) and Spike proteins. pDNA primed for a consistent response with antibodies efficient at neutralizing authentic WA1 virus and three variants of concern (VOC), B.1.351, B.1.617.2, and BA.1. We demonstrate that immunogens built on structure selection can be used to influence the quality of the antibody response by focusing it to a conserved site of vulnerability shared between wildtype virus and VOCs, resulting in neutralizing antibodies across variants. FAU - Almanza, Gonzalo AU - Almanza G AD - The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Clark, Alex E AU - Clark AE AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Kouznetsova, Valentina AU - Kouznetsova V AD - San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Olmedillas, Eduardo AU - Olmedillas E AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Castro, Andrea AU - Castro A AD - Biomedical Informatics Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Tsigelny, Igor F AU - Tsigelny IF AD - San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Wu, Yan AU - Wu Y AD - Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Gao, George F AU - Gao GF AD - Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Leibel, Sandra L AU - Leibel SL AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Bray, William AU - Bray W AD - Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Drug Discovery Innovation, Program in Immunology, Institute for Genomic Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Ollmann Saphire, Erica AU - Ollmann Saphire EO AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Carlin, Aaron F AU - Carlin AF AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. FAU - Zanetti, Maurizio AU - Zanetti M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6346-8776 AD - The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. LA - eng GR - INV-006133/GATES/Gates Foundation/United States GR - K08 AI130381/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220721 PL - United States TA - PLoS Pathog JT - PLoS pathogens JID - 101238921 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM EIN - PLoS Pathog. 2025 Nov 25;21(11):e1013707. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013707. PMID: 41289198 MH - Animals MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC9302722 COIS- We have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: MZ is named inventor in US patent 8,372,640 that relates to the protein engineering process and method of immunization used in this work. All other authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/07/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/26 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/21 CRDT- 2022/07/21 13:53 PHST- 2021/11/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/21 13:53 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PPATHOGENS-D-21-02271 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010686 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS Pathog. 2022 Jul 21;18(7):e1010686. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010686. eCollection 2022 Jul. PMID- 35858586 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220722 LR - 20260518 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul 19 TI - Persistence of MERS-CoV-spike-specific B cells and antibodies after late third immunization with the MVA-MERS-S vaccine. PG - 100685 LID - S2666-3791(22)00221-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100685 [doi] LID - 100685 AB - The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a respiratory disease caused by MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). In follow up to a phase 1 trial, we perform a longitudinal analysis of immune responses following immunization with the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-based vaccine MVA-MERS-S encoding the MERS-CoV-spike protein. Three homologous immunizations were administered on days 0 and 28 with a late booster vaccination at 12 +/- 4 months. Antibody isotypes, subclasses, and neutralization capacity as well as T and B cell responses were monitored over a period of 3 years using standard and bead-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 50% plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT50), enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot), and flow cytometry. The late booster immunization significantly increases the frequency and persistence of spike-specific B cells, binding immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and neutralizing antibodies but not T cell responses. Our data highlight the potential of a late boost to enhance long-term antibody and B cell immunity against MERS-CoV. Our findings on the MVA-MERS-S vaccine may be of relevance for coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Weskamm, Leonie M AU - Weskamm LM AD - Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg-Lubeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany. Electronic address: m.weskamm@uke.de. FAU - Fathi, Anahita AU - Fathi A AD - Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg-Lubeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; First Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Raadsen, Matthijs P AU - Raadsen MP AD - Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Mykytyn, Anna Z AU - Mykytyn AZ AD - Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Koch, Till AU - Koch T AD - Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg-Lubeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; First Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Spohn, Michael AU - Spohn M AD - Research Institute Children's Cancer Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Bioinformatics Core Unit, Hamburg University Medical Centre, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Friedrich, Monika AU - Friedrich M AD - Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg-Lubeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany. CN - MVA-MERS-S Study Group FAU - Haagmans, Bart L AU - Haagmans BL AD - Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Becker, Stephan AU - Becker S AD - German Centre for Infection Research, Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Germany; Institute for Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany. FAU - Sutter, Gerd AU - Sutter G AD - German Centre for Infection Research, Munchen, Germany; Division of Virology, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Dahlke, Christine AU - Dahlke C AD - Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg-Lubeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany. Electronic address: c.dahlke@uke.de. FAU - Addo, Marylyn M AU - Addo MM AD - Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg-Lubeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; First Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03615911 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - *Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus MH - Vaccination MH - Vaccinia virus MH - *Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC9295383 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IgG ELISpot OT - IgG subclasses OT - MERS-CoV OT - MVA-MERS-S OT - immune persistence OT - late booster vaccination OT - long-term immunity OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - viral vector vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. FIR - Bartels, Etienne IR - Bartels E FIR - Gundlach, Swantje IR - Gundlach S FIR - Hesterkamp, Thomas IR - Hesterkamp T FIR - Krahling, Verena IR - Krahling V FIR - Lassen, Susan IR - Lassen S FIR - Ly, My Linh IR - Ly ML FIR - Potsch, Joseph H IR - Potsch JH FIR - Schmiedel, Stefan IR - Schmiedel S FIR - Volz, Asisa IR - Volz A FIR - Zinser, Madeleine E IR - Zinser ME EDAT- 2022/07/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/23 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/19 CRDT- 2022/07/20 18:23 PHST- 2020/10/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/20 18:23 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(22)00221-X [pii] AID - 100685 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100685 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2022 Jul 19;3(7):100685. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100685. PMID- 35857310 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220805 LR - 20250728 IS - 1557-8976 (Electronic) IS - 0882-8245 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Jul TI - SARS-CoV-2-Specific Memory B Cell Responses Are Maintained After Recovery from Natural Infection and Postvaccination. PG - 425-436 LID - 10.1089/vim.2022.0013 [doi] AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in major worldwide disruption and loss of life over the last 2 years. Many research studies have shown waning serological SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody titers over time, yet, it is unclear whether these changes are reflected in the potential functional reactivation of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific memory B cells (MBC) populations. This is especially true in the contexts of differing COVID-19 disease severity and after vaccination regimens. This study aimed to investigate these by polyclonal in vitro reactivation of MBC populations followed by analysis using SAR-CoV-2 antigen-specific B cell ELISpots and IgG antibody ELISAs. Natural disease-associated differences were investigated in 52 donors who have recovered from COVID-19 with varying disease severity, from asymptomatic to severe COVID-19 disease, accompanied by a longitudinal evaluation in a subset of donors. Overall, these data showed limited disease severity-associated differences between donor groups but did show that COVID-19 serologically positive donors had strong antigen-specific MBC-associated responses. MBC responses were better maintained 6 months after recovery from infection when compared to serological antigen-specific IgG antibody titers. A similar investigation after vaccination using 14 donors showed robust serological antigen-specific antibody responses against spike protein that waned over time. MBC-associated responses against spike protein were also observed but showed less waning over time, indicating maintenance of a protective response 6 months after vaccination. Further research is required to evaluate these putatively functional SARS-CoV-2-specific responses in the context of long-term protection mediated by vaccination against this pathogen. FAU - Moore, Tom AU - Moore T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4143-9453 AD - MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom. FAU - Hossain, Rojony AU - Hossain R AD - MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom. FAU - Doores, Katie J AU - Doores KJ AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom. FAU - Shankar-Hari, Manu AU - Shankar-Hari M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5338-2538 AD - MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom. AD - The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. AD - Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. FAU - Fear, David J AU - Fear DJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0239-8385 AD - MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - CS-2016-16-011/DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220720 PL - United States TA - Viral Immunol JT - Viral immunology JID - 8801552 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive immunity OT - humoral immunity OT - memory B cell OT - natural infection OT - vaccination EDAT- 2022/07/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/06 06:00 CRDT- 2022/07/20 11:33 PHST- 2022/07/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/20 11:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1089/vim.2022.0013 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Viral Immunol. 2022 Jul;35(6):425-436. doi: 10.1089/vim.2022.0013. Epub 2022 Jul 20. PMID- 35856053 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260518 IS - 2632-6140 (Electronic) IS - 2632-6140 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 2 DP - 2022 TI - Guillain-Barre syndrome following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the UK: a prospective surveillance study. PG - e000309 LID - 10.1136/bmjno-2022-000309 [doi] LID - e000309 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate features of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) following SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and evaluate for a causal link between the two. METHODS: We captured cases of GBS after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination through a national, open-access, online surveillance system. For each case, the certainty of GBS was graded using the Brighton criteria, and the relationship to the vaccine was examined using modified WHO Causality Assessment criteria. We compared age distribution of cases with that of prepandemic GBS cases and clinical features with the International GBS Outcome Study (IGOS). RESULTS: Between 1 January and 30 June 2021, we received 67 reports of GBS following the ChAdOx1 vaccine (65 first doses) and three reports following the BNT162b2 vaccine (all first doses). The causal association with the vaccine was classified as probable for 56 (80%, all ChAdOx1), possible for 12 (17%, 10 ChAdOx1) and unlikely for two (3%, 1 ChAdOx1). A greater proportion of cases occurred in the 50-59 age group in comparison with prepandemic GBS. Most common clinical variants were sensorimotor GBS (n=55; 79%) and facial diplegia with paraesthesias (n=10; 14%). 10% (n=7/69) of patients reported an antecedent infection, compared with 77% (n=502/652) of the IGOS cohort (p<0.00001). Facial weakness (63% (n=44/70) vs 36% (n=220/620); p<0.00001) and sensory dysfunction (93% (n=63/68) vs 69% (n=408/588); p=0.00005) were more common but disease severity and outcomes were similar to the IGOS study. INTERPRETATION: Most reports of GBS followed the first dose of ChAdOx1 vaccine. While our study cannot confirm or refute causation, this observation, together with the absence of alternative aetiologies, different than expected age distribution and the presence of unusual clinical features support a causal link. Clinicians and surveillance bodies should remain vigilant to the possibility of this very rare adverse event and its atypical variants. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. FAU - Tamborska, Arina A AU - Tamborska AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4661-8407 AD - National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Singh, Bhagteshwar AU - Singh B AD - National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Leonhard, Sonja E AU - Leonhard SE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4832-6926 AD - Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Hodel, Eva Maria AU - Hodel EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5821-1685 AD - National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Stowe, Julia AU - Stowe J AD - UK Health Security Agency, London, UK. FAU - Watson-Fargie, Taylor AU - Watson-Fargie T AD - Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK. FAU - Fernandes, Peter M AU - Fernandes PM AD - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. FAU - Themistocleous, Andreas C AU - Themistocleous AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1089-1543 AD - Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurociences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Roelofs, Jacob AU - Roelofs J AD - Neurosciences Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. FAU - Brennan, Kathryn AU - Brennan K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5629-2706 AD - Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK. FAU - Morrice, Caroline AU - Morrice C AD - GAIN (Guillain-Barre & Associated Inflammatory Neuropathies) Charity, Sleaford, UK. FAU - Michael, Benedict D AU - Michael BD AD - National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Jacobs, Bart C AU - Jacobs BC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8985-2458 AD - Department of Neurology and Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - McDonald, Helen AU - McDonald H AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Vaccines and Immunisation, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. FAU - Solomon, Tom AU - Solomon T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7266-6547 AD - National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. CN - UK Covid Vaccine GBS Study Group LA - eng GR - MR/V033441/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220712 PL - England TA - BMJ Neurol Open JT - BMJ neurology open JID - 101775450 PMC - PMC9277028 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - clinical neurology OT - guillain-barre syndrome COIS- Competing interests: TS was chair/cochair of the UK Research and Innovation/National Institute for Health Research COVID-19 Rapid Response and Rolling Funding Initiatives, was an Advisor to the UK COVID-19 Therapeutics Advisory Panel and is a member of the UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency COVID-19 Vaccines Benefit Risk Expert Working Group. BCJ is a chair of Steering Committee of IGOS. HM is an invited expert for the Commission on Human Medicines COVID-19 Vaccines Safety Surveillance Methodologies Expert Working Group. The remaining authors have no relevant conflict of interest to declare. FIR - Allen, Christopher M IR - Allen CM FIR - Amante, Gionathan IR - Amante G FIR - Breen, David P IR - Breen DP FIR - Brennan, Kathryn IR - Brennan K FIR - Romeiro, Ana Carrilho IR - Romeiro AC FIR - Cheng, Shue Jun IR - Cheng SJ FIR - Crossingham, Ginette IR - Crossingham G FIR - Evans, Jonathan IR - Evans J FIR - Evison, Jon IR - Evison J FIR - Fernandes, Peter M IR - Fernandes PM FIR - Furby, Julian IR - Furby J FIR - Galton, Clare IR - Galton C FIR - Gregory, Ralph IR - Gregory R FIR - Harris, Victoria IR - Harris V FIR - Hinze, Stephan IR - Hinze S FIR - Hogg, Lucy IR - Hogg L FIR - Holt, James IR - Holt J FIR - Isaacs-Itua, Alifa IR - Isaacs-Itua A FIR - Knight, Kathryn IR - Knight K FIR - McHattie, Andrew IR - McHattie A FIR - Garrido, Mireia Moragas IR - Garrido MM FIR - Murray, Katy IR - Murray K FIR - Ramsamy, Shelby IR - Ramsamy S FIR - Ramsay, Scott IR - Ramsay S FIR - Roelofs, Jacob IR - Roelofs J FIR - Samarasekera, Neshika IR - Samarasekera N FIR - San, Pyae Phyo IR - San PP FIR - Sawcer, Stephen IR - Sawcer S FIR - Shields, Simon IR - Shields S FIR - Tallantyre, Emma IR - Tallantyre E FIR - Terry, Robyn IR - Terry R FIR - Themistocleous, Andreas C IR - Themistocleous AC FIR - Tucker, Harry IR - Tucker H FIR - Tuohy, Orla IR - Tuohy O FIR - Watson-Fargie, Taylor IR - Watson-Fargie T FIR - Whittam, Daniel IR - Whittam D FIR - Wiblin, Louise IR - Wiblin L FIR - Zeidler, Martin IR - Zeidler M EDAT- 2022/07/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/21 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/12 CRDT- 2022/07/20 04:12 PHST- 2022/03/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/20 04:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/21 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjno-2022-000309 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjno-2022-000309 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Neurol Open. 2022 Jul 12;4(2):e000309. doi: 10.1136/bmjno-2022-000309. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35844543 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220719 LR - 20220719 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Role of IgM Memory B Cells and Spleen Function in COVID-19. PG - 889876 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.889876 [doi] LID - 889876 AB - IgM memory B cells, are a peculiar subset of memory B cells, which probably originates in the spleen and outside germinal centers and provide a rapid line of defence against mucosal infections. Their role in counteracting COVID-19 is still elusive but, recent evidence, mainly boosted by studies on spleen function/involvement in COVID-19, seems to support the notion that this subset of memory B cells could exert a protective role against this virus, along with other coronaviruses, particularly in the acute setting of the infection, as outlined by worst clinical outcomes observed in unvaccinated patients with impaired IgM B memory response and spleen function. Herein we critically summarise the current landscape of studies on IgM memory B cells, focusing on the clinical impact of their depletion, by comparing the COVID-19-related splenic dysfunction with other hypo- and asplenic conditions and by adding recent data on follow-up studies and postulate a mechanistic explanation for their reduced numbers. The early detection of an impaired IgM memory B cell response in patients with COVID-19 may contribute to their improved care through different strategies, such as through tailored vaccine strategies, prompt hospital admission and/or administration of anti-infective treatments, thus resulting in an better prognosis, although at present management algorithms are still unavailable. Moreover, further studies with longer follow-up are needed to assess the evolution of COVID-19-associated/exacerbated immune deficit. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Rossi, Lenti, Merli and Di Sabatino. FAU - Rossi, Carlo Maria AU - Rossi CM AD - University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Lenti, Marco Vincenzo AU - Lenti MV AD - University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Merli, Stefania AU - Merli S AD - University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Di Sabatino, Antonio AU - Di Sabatino A AD - University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20220630 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin M MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Memory B Cells MH - Spleen PMC - PMC9280616 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell OT - IgM memory B cell OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - hyposplenism OT - plasma cells COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/20 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/30 CRDT- 2022/07/18 03:38 PHST- 2022/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/18 03:38 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.889876 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Jun 30;13:889876. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.889876. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35843095 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220811 LR - 20251031 IS - 1090-2104 (Electronic) IS - 0006-291X (Print) IS - 0006-291X (Linking) VI - 622 DP - 2022 Sep 24 TI - Immunization with 674-685 fragment of SARS-Cov-2 spike protein induces neuroinflammation and impairs episodic memory of mice. PG - 57-63 LID - S0006-291X(22)00977-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.016 [doi] AB - COVID-19 is accompanied by strong inflammatory reaction and is often followed by long-term cognitive disorders. The fragment 674-685 of SARS-Cov-2 spike protein was shown to interact with alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor involved in regulating both inflammatory reactions and cognitive functions. Here we show that mice immunized with the peptide corresponding to 674-685 fragment of SARS-Cov-2 spike protein conjugated to hemocyanin (KLH-674-685) demonstrate decreased level of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, increased levels of IL-1beta and TNFalpha in the brain and impairment of episodic memory. Choline injections prevented alpha7 nicotinic receptor decline and memory loss. Mice injected with immunoglobulins obtained from the blood of (KLH-674-685)-immunized mice also demonstrated episodic memory decline. These data allow suggesting that post-COVID memory impairment in humans is related to SARS-Cov-2 spike protein-specific immune reaction. The mechanisms of such effect are being discussed. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lykhmus, Olena AU - Lykhmus O AD - Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha str., 01054, Kyiv, Ukraine. Electronic address: olenalykhmus@gmail.com. FAU - Kalashnyk, Olena AU - Kalashnyk O AD - Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha str., 01054, Kyiv, Ukraine. Electronic address: krasota5600@gmail.com. FAU - Koval, Lyudmyla AU - Koval L AD - Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha str., 01054, Kyiv, Ukraine. Electronic address: lyudmyla1koval@gmail.com. FAU - Krynina, Olga AU - Krynina O AD - Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha str., 01054, Kyiv, Ukraine. Electronic address: olyakrynina@gmail.com. FAU - Komisarenko, Serhiy AU - Komisarenko S AD - Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha str., 01054, Kyiv, Ukraine. Electronic address: serhiykom@gmail.com. FAU - Skok, Maryna AU - Skok M AD - Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha str., 01054, Kyiv, Ukraine. Electronic address: skok@biochem.kiev.ua. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220708 PL - United States TA - Biochem Biophys Res Commun JT - Biochemical and biophysical research communications JID - 0372516 RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunization MH - Inflammation MH - Memory Disorders/etiology/metabolism MH - *Memory, Episodic MH - Mice MH - Neuroinflammatory Diseases MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/adverse effects/chemistry/metabolism MH - alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/metabolism PMC - PMC9263688 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibodies OT - COVID-19 OT - Episodic memory OT - Neuroinflammation OT - SARS-CoV-2 spike protein OT - alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor COIS- Declaration of competing interest Olena Lykhmus, Olena Kalashnyk, Lyudmyla Koval, Olga Krynina, Serhiy Komisarenko and Maryna Skok, - declare that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/12 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/08 CRDT- 2022/07/17 18:23 PHST- 2022/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/17 18:23 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0006-291X(22)00977-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022 Sep 24;622:57-63. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.016. Epub 2022 Jul 8. PMID- 35839774 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220802 LR - 20260127 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 40 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Jul 26 TI - The generation of stem cell-like memory cells early after BNT162b2 vaccination is associated with durability of memory CD8(+) T cell responses. PG - 111138 LID - S2211-1247(22)00947-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111138 [doi] AB - COVID-19 vaccines elicit humoral and cellular immune responses. Durable maintenance of vaccine-induced immunity is required for long-term protection of the host. Here, we examine activation and differentiation of vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells using MHC class I (MHC-I) multimers and correlations between early differentiation and the durability of CD8(+) T cell responses among healthcare workers immunized with two doses of BNT162b2. The frequency of MHC-I multimer(+) cells is robustly increased by BNT162b2 but decreases 6 months post-second vaccination to 2.4%-65.6% (23.0% on average) of the peak. MHC-I multimer(+) cells dominantly exhibit phenotypes of activated effector cells 1-2 weeks post-second vaccination and gradually acquire phenotypes of long-term memory cells, including stem cell-like memory T (T(SCM)) cells. Importantly, the frequency of T(SCM) cells 1-2 weeks post-second vaccination significantly correlates with the 6-month durability of CD8(+) T cells, indicating that early generation of T(SCM) cells determines the longevity of vaccine-induced memory CD8(+) T cell responses. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Jung, Sungmin AU - Jung S AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Jae Hyung AU - Jung JH AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Noh, Ji Yun AU - Noh JY AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Woo-Joong AU - Kim WJ AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yoon, Soo-Young AU - Yoon SY AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Jongtak AU - Jung J AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Eu Suk AU - Kim ES AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hong Bin AU - Kim HB AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea. FAU - Cheong, Hee Jin AU - Cheong HJ AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Woo Joo AU - Kim WJ AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Su-Hyung AU - Park SH AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Song, Kyoung-Ho AU - Song KH AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: khsongmd@snu.ac.kr. FAU - Song, Joon Young AU - Song JY AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: infection@korea.ac.kr. FAU - Shin, Eui-Cheol AU - Shin EC AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; The Center for Viral Immunology, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ecshin@kaist.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220708 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Stem Cells MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9263810 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8(+) T cell OT - COVID-19 OT - CP: Immunology OT - MHC class I multimer OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory cell OT - vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/07/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/03 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/08 CRDT- 2022/07/15 18:43 PHST- 2022/01/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/15 18:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(22)00947-0 [pii] AID - 111138 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111138 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2022 Jul 26;40(4):111138. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111138. Epub 2022 Jul 8. PMID- 35835468 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220816 LR - 20250728 IS - 1468-330X (Electronic) IS - 0022-3050 (Print) IS - 0022-3050 (Linking) VI - 93 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Sep TI - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations fail to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis receiving fingolimod. PG - 960-971 LID - 10.1136/jnnp-2022-329395 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination of healthy individuals is highly immunogenic and protective against severe COVID-19. However, there are limited data on how disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) alter SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine immunogenicity in patients with autoimmune diseases. METHODS: As part of a prospective cohort study, we investigated the induction, stability and boosting of vaccine-specific antibodies, B cells and T cells in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) on different DMTs after homologous primary, secondary and booster SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations. Of 126 patients with MS analysed, 105 received either anti-CD20-based B cell depletion (aCD20-BCD), fingolimod, interferon-beta, dimethyl fumarate, glatiramer acetate, teriflunomide or natalizumab, and 21 were untreated MS patients for comparison. RESULTS: In contrast to all other MS patients, and even after booster, most aCD20-BCD- and fingolimod-treated patients showed no to markedly reduced anti-S1 IgG, serum neutralising activity and a lack of receptor binding domain-specific and S2-specific B cells. Patients receiving fingolimod additionally lacked spike-reactive CD4(+) T cell responses. The duration of fingolimod treatment, rather than peripheral blood B and T cell counts prior to vaccination, determined whether a humoral immune response was elicited. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of immunogenicity under long-term fingolimod treatment demonstrates that functional immune responses require not only immune cells themselves, but also access of these cells to the site of inoculation and their unimpeded movement. The absence of humoral and T cell responses suggests that fingolimod-treated patients with MS are at risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infections despite booster vaccinations, which is highly relevant for clinical decision-making and adapted protective measures, particularly considering additional recently approved sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor antagonists for MS treatment. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Meyer-Arndt, Lil AU - Meyer-Arndt L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7909-020X AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Braun, Julian AU - Braun J AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Si-M / "Der Simulierte Mensch" a science framework of Technische Universitat Berlin and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Fauchere, Florent AU - Fauchere F AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Si-M / "Der Simulierte Mensch" a science framework of Technische Universitat Berlin and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Vanshylla, Kanika AU - Vanshylla K AD - Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Loyal, Lucie AU - Loyal L AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Si-M / "Der Simulierte Mensch" a science framework of Technische Universitat Berlin and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Henze, Larissa AU - Henze L AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Si-M / "Der Simulierte Mensch" a science framework of Technische Universitat Berlin and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Kruse, Beate AU - Kruse B AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Si-M / "Der Simulierte Mensch" a science framework of Technische Universitat Berlin and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Dingeldey, Manuela AU - Dingeldey M AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Si-M / "Der Simulierte Mensch" a science framework of Technische Universitat Berlin and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Jurchott, Karsten AU - Jurchott K AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Si-M / "Der Simulierte Mensch" a science framework of Technische Universitat Berlin and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Mangold, Maike AU - Mangold M AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Maraj, Ardit AU - Maraj A AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Braginets, Andre AU - Braginets A AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Bottcher, Chotima AU - Bottcher C AD - Department of Neuropsychiatry, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Nitsche, Andreas AU - Nitsche A AD - Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. FAU - de la Rosa, Kathrin AU - de la Rosa K AD - Department of Cancer and Immunology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Ratswohl, Christoph AU - Ratswohl C AD - Department of Cancer and Immunology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Sawitzki, Birgit AU - Sawitzki B AD - Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Institute for Medical Immunology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Holenya, Pavlo AU - Holenya P AD - JPT Peptide Technologies, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Reimer, Ulf AU - Reimer U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3375-6889 AD - JPT Peptide Technologies, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Sander, Leif E AU - Sander LE AD - Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Klein, Florian AU - Klein F AD - Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Paul, Friedemann AU - Paul F AD - NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Bellmann-Strobl, Judith AU - Bellmann-Strobl J AD - NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Thiel, Andreas AU - Thiel A AD - Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. AD - Si-M / "Der Simulierte Mensch" a science framework of Technische Universitat Berlin and Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Giesecke-Thiel, Claudia AU - Giesecke-Thiel C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5927-7018 AD - Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany giesecke@molgen.mpg.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220714 PL - England TA - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry JT - Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry JID - 2985191R RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - G926EC510T (Fingolimod Hydrochloride) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Fingolimod Hydrochloride/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - *Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy MH - Prospective Studies MH - RNA, Messenger MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9380499 OTO - NOTNLM OT - clinical neurology OT - immunology OT - infectious diseases OT - multiple sclerosis COIS- Competing interests: PH and UR are employed by JPT Peptide Technologies. EDAT- 2022/07/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/17 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/14 CRDT- 2022/07/14 20:43 PHST- 2022/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/14 20:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jnnp-2022-329395 [pii] AID - 10.1136/jnnp-2022-329395 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2022 Sep;93(9):960-971. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-329395. Epub 2022 Jul 14. PMID- 35830754 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220726 LR - 20250103 IS - 1879-1379 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3956 (Print) IS - 0022-3956 (Linking) VI - 152 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Online cognitive behavioural therapy as a psychological vaccine against stress during the COVID-19 pandemic in pregnant women: A randomised controlled trial. PG - 397-405 LID - S0022-3956(22)00380-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.016 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the population's levels of stress and anxiety due to its contagious nature and the uncertainties generated by its novelty. One population that is especially vulnerable to these psychological consequences are pregnant women. This is why the objective of this study was to test the efficacy of an online stress management programme of a cognitive behavioural nature on pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Spain. The trial was controlled and randomised, with a total of 207 pregnant women divided into three groups: the Online Cognitive Behavioural Therapy group (o-CBT) (N = 70); the Online Psychological Support group (o-PS) (N = 69); and the Usual Care group (UC) (N = 68). To test the therapy's efficacy, the women's resilience, perceived stress, pregnancy-specific stress and psychopathological symptoms were assessed before and after the intervention. The o-CBT and o-PS consisted of a programme of 8 group sessions (one per week). The results showed that pregnant women who participated in the o-CBT group presented lower rates of pregnancy-specific stress and perceived stress, as well as greater resilience and lower anxiety, depression and obsessions-compulsions symptoms. These data show the efficacy of the treatment programme and thus confirm the importance of implementing these types of interventions during a woman's pregnancy, especially over periods of major stress, such as during a pandemic. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Puertas-Gonzalez, Jose A AU - Puertas-Gonzalez JA AD - Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), Granada, Spain; Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. FAU - Marino-Narvaez, Carolina AU - Marino-Narvaez C AD - Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), Granada, Spain. FAU - Romero-Gonzalez, Borja AU - Romero-Gonzalez B AD - Psychology Department, Faculty of Education, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, Soria, Spain. Electronic address: borja.romero@uva.es. FAU - Sanchez-Perez, Gracia M AU - Sanchez-Perez GM AD - Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), Granada, Spain. FAU - Peralta-Ramirez, Maria Isabel AU - Peralta-Ramirez MI AD - Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), Granada, Spain; Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220707 PL - England TA - J Psychiatr Res JT - Journal of psychiatric research JID - 0376331 RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Anxiety/psychology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods MH - Depression/prevention & control MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - Pregnancy MH - Pregnant People/psychology MH - Stress, Psychological/psychology MH - *Vaccines PMC - PMC9259661 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognitive Behavioural Therapy OT - Pregnancy OT - Psychopathology OT - Resilience OT - Stress COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/27 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/07 CRDT- 2022/07/13 18:14 PHST- 2021/08/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/13 18:14 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0022-3956(22)00380-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Psychiatr Res. 2022 Aug;152:397-405. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.016. Epub 2022 Jul 7. PMID- 35815135 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220716 IS - 2405-8440 (Print) IS - 2405-8440 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8440 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Robust SARS-COV-2-specific T-cell immune memory persists long-term in immunocompetent individuals post BNT162b2 double shot. PG - e09863 LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09863 [doi] LID - e09863 AB - BACKGROUND: A robust efficiency of mRNA vaccines against coronavirus disease-2019 has been demonstrated, however, the intended long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 has been challenged by the waning humoral and cellular immunity over time, leading to a third vaccination dose recommendation for immunocompetent individuals, six months after completion of primary mRNA vaccination. METHODS: We here measured humoral responses via an immunoassay measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses using Elispot for interferon-gamma 1- and 8- months post full BNT162b2 vaccination, in 10 health-care professionals. To explore whether the declining abundance of coronavirus-specific T-cells (CoV-2-STs) truly reflects decreased capacity for viral control, rather than the attenuating viral stimulus over time, we modeled ex vivo the T-cellular response upon viral challenge in fully vaccinated immunocompetent individuals, 1- and 8-months post BNT162b2. FINDINGS: Notwithstanding the declining CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies and CoV-2-STs, re-challenged CoV-2-STs, 1- and 8-months post vaccination, presented similar functional characteristics including high cytotoxicity against both the unmutated virus and the delta variant. INTERPRETATION: These findings suggest robust and sustained cellular immune response upon SARS-ComicronV-2 antigen exposure, 8 months post mRNA vaccination, despite declining ComicronV-2-STs over time in the presence of an attenuating viral stimulus. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. FAU - Papadopoulou, Anastasia AU - Papadopoulou A AD - Hematology Department- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Gene and Cell Therapy Center, "George Papanikolaou" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Stavridou, Fani AU - Stavridou F AD - Hematology Department- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Gene and Cell Therapy Center, "George Papanikolaou" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Giannaki, Maria AU - Giannaki M AD - Hematology Department- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Gene and Cell Therapy Center, "George Papanikolaou" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Paschoudi, Kiriaki AU - Paschoudi K AD - Hematology Department- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Gene and Cell Therapy Center, "George Papanikolaou" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Chatzopoulou, Fani AU - Chatzopoulou F AD - Microbiology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Gavriilaki, Eleni AU - Gavriilaki E AD - Hematology Department- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Gene and Cell Therapy Center, "George Papanikolaou" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Georgolopoulos, Grigorios AU - Georgolopoulos G AD - Hematology Department- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Gene and Cell Therapy Center, "George Papanikolaou" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Anagnostopoulos, Achilles AU - Anagnostopoulos A AD - Hematology Department- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Gene and Cell Therapy Center, "George Papanikolaou" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Yannaki, Evangelia AU - Yannaki E AD - Hematology Department- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Gene and Cell Therapy Center, "George Papanikolaou" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220702 PL - England TA - Heliyon JT - Heliyon JID - 101672560 PMC - PMC9250414 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Ex vivo model OT - Humoral immune response OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells OT - T cell immune response COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/12 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/02 CRDT- 2022/07/11 04:27 PHST- 2022/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/11 04:27 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-8440(22)01151-3 [pii] AID - e09863 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09863 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Heliyon. 2022 Jul;8(7):e09863. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09863. Epub 2022 Jul 2. PMID- 35805853 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220712 LR - 20250728 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 13 DP - 2022 Jul 4 TI - Clinical Characteristics and Potential Risk Factors Associated with the SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Survey on a Health Care Workers (HCWs) Population in Northern Italy. LID - 10.3390/ijerph19138194 [doi] LID - 8194 AB - During the two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, more than 400 million cases all over the world have been identified. Health care workers were among the first to deal with this virus and consequently a high incidence of infection was reported in this population. The aim of the survey was to investigate health care workers' (HCWs) clinical characteristics and potential risk factors associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection in a referral hospital in Northern Italy after the first and second waves of the pandemic. We administered a questionnaire during the flu vaccination campaign that took place at the end of 2020; among 1386 vaccinated HCWs, data was collected and analyzed for 1065 subjects. 182 HCWs (17%) declared that they had tested positive on at least a molecular or a serological test since the beginning of the pandemic. Comparing the infected vs. not infected HCWs, median age, BMI, smoking habit, presence of hypertension or other comorbidities were not significantly different, while having worked in a COVID ward was associated with the infection (OR(adj) = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.07-2.20). Respondents declared that more than 70% of contacts occurred in the hospital with patients or colleagues, while about 15% in domestic environments. Among the infected, the most reported symptoms were fever (62.1%), asthenia (60.3%), anosmia/ageusia (53.5%), arthralgia/myalgia (48.3%), headache or other neurological symptoms (46.6%), cough (43.1%) and flu-like syndrome (41.4%). The percentage of subjects who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 seems to be higher in HCWs than in the general population; hence, in hospitals, protective measures and preventive strategies to avoid the spreading of the contagion remain crucial. FAU - Novelli, Viola AU - Novelli V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3341-2533 AD - Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Fassio, Federico AU - Fassio F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7252-4917 AD - Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Resani, Guido AU - Resani G AD - Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. AD - Unit of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Bussa, Martino AU - Bussa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9566-9628 AD - Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Durbano, Alessandro AU - Durbano A AD - Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Meloni, Alessandro AU - Meloni A AD - Unit of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Oliva, Giovanni AU - Oliva G AD - Unit of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Cutti, Sara AU - Cutti S AD - Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Girardi, Daniela AU - Girardi D AD - Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. AD - Unit of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Odone, Anna AU - Odone A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5657-9774 AD - Unit of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Villani, Simona AU - Villani S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2517-6515 AD - Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Marena, Carlo AU - Marena C AD - Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Muzzi, Alba AU - Muzzi A AD - Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy. FAU - Monti, Maria Cristina AU - Monti MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1586-527X AD - Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220704 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Health Personnel MH - Humans MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - Risk Factors MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC9266542 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - healthcare workers OT - survey COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/04 CRDT- 2022/07/09 01:09 PHST- 2022/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/09 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph19138194 [pii] AID - ijerph-19-08194 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph19138194 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 4;19(13):8194. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19138194. PMID- 35805076 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220712 LR - 20231105 IS - 2073-4409 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4409 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 13 DP - 2022 Jun 21 TI - Functional Profiling of In Vitro Reactivated Memory B Cells Following Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Gam-COVID-Vac Vaccination. LID - 10.3390/cells11131991 [doi] LID - 1991 AB - Both SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination have previously been demonstrated to elicit robust, yet somewhat limited immunity against the evolving variants of SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless, reports performing side-by-side comparison of immune responses following infection vs. vaccination have been relatively scarce. The aim of this study was to compare B-cell response to adenovirus-vectored vaccination in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals with that observed in the COVID-19 convalescent patients six months after the first encounter with the viral antigens. We set out to use a single analytical platform and performed comprehensive analysis of serum levels of receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific and virus-neutralizing antibodies, frequencies of RBD-binding circulating memory B cells (MBCs), MBC-derived antibody-secreting cells, as well as RBD-specific and virus-neutralizing activity of MBC-derived antibodies after Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V) vaccination and/or natural SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, natural immunity was superior to Gam-COVID-Vac vaccination. The levels of neutralizing MBC-derived antibodies in the convalescent patients turned out to be significantly higher than those found following vaccination. Our results suggest that after six months, SARS-CoV-2-specific MBC immunity is more robust in COVID-19 convalescent patients than in Gam-COVID-Vac recipients. Collectively, our data unambiguously indicate that natural immunity outperforms Gam-COVID-Vac-induced immunity six months following recovery/vaccination, which should inform healthcare and vaccination decisions. FAU - Astakhova, Ekaterina A AU - Astakhova EA AD - Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia. AD - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia. FAU - Byazrova, Maria G AU - Byazrova MG AD - Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia. AD - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia. AD - Department of Immunology, Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia. FAU - Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M AU - Yusubalieva GM AD - Laboratory of Cell Technology, Federal Research and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the FMBA of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia. FAU - Kulemzin, Sergey V AU - Kulemzin SV AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia. FAU - Kruglova, Natalia A AU - Kruglova NA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3984-4927 AD - Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Socially Significant Diseases, Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia. FAU - Prilipov, Alexey G AU - Prilipov AG AD - Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia. AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia. FAU - Baklaushev, Vladimir P AU - Baklaushev VP AD - Laboratory of Cell Technology, Federal Research and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the FMBA of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia. FAU - Gorchakov, Andrey A AU - Gorchakov AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2830-4236 AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia. FAU - Taranin, Alexander V AU - Taranin AV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9184-4238 AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia. FAU - Filatov, Alexander V AU - Filatov AV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6460-9427 AD - Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia. AD - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220621 PL - Switzerland TA - Cells JT - Cells JID - 101600052 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9265778 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Sputnik V vaccine OT - humoral immunity OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibodies COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/21 CRDT- 2022/07/09 01:05 PHST- 2022/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/09 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cells11131991 [pii] AID - cells-11-01991 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cells11131991 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cells. 2022 Jun 21;11(13):1991. doi: 10.3390/cells11131991. PMID- 35796685 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220711 LR - 20230124 IS - 1540-9538 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1007 (Print) IS - 0022-1007 (Linking) VI - 219 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Sep 5 TI - Plasma and memory antibody responses to Gamma SARS-CoV-2 provide limited cross-protection to other variants. LID - 10.1084/jem.20220367 [doi] LID - e20220367 AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be a global problem in part because of the emergence of variants of concern that evade neutralization by antibodies elicited by prior infection or vaccination. Here we report on human neutralizing antibody and memory responses to the Gamma variant in a cohort of hospitalized individuals. Plasma from infected individuals potently neutralized viruses pseudotyped with Gamma SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, but neutralizing activity against Wuhan-Hu-1-1, Beta, Delta, or Omicron was significantly lower. Monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells also neutralized Gamma and Beta pseudoviruses more effectively than Wuhan-Hu-1. 69% and 34% of Gamma-neutralizing antibodies failed to neutralize Delta or Wuhan-Hu-1. Although Class 1 and 2 antibodies dominate the response to Wuhan-Hu-1 or Beta, 54% of antibodies elicited by Gamma infection recognized Class 3 epitopes. The results have implications for variant-specific vaccines and infections, suggesting that exposure to variants generally provides more limited protection to other variants. CI - (c) 2022 Agudelo et al. FAU - Agudelo, Marianna AU - Agudelo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3924-6449 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Muecksch, Frauke AU - Muecksch F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0132-5101 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Schaefer-Babajew, Dennis AU - Schaefer-Babajew D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5380-2950 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Cho, Alice AU - Cho A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6354-6148 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - DaSilva, Justin AU - DaSilva J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6393-0000 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Bednarski, Eva AU - Bednarski E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4438-5590 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Ramos, Victor AU - Ramos V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7353-3420 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Oliveira, Thiago Y AU - Oliveira TY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2654-0879 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Cipolla, Melissa AU - Cipolla M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8156-2512 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Gazumyan, Anna AU - Gazumyan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5976-9717 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Zong, Shuai AU - Zong S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7067-6757 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Rodrigues, Danielle A S AU - Rodrigues DAS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2120-3352 AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Programa de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Lira, Guilherme S AU - Lira GS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8577-9313 AD - Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AD - Departamento de Doencas Infecciosas e Parasitarias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Conde, Luciana AU - Conde L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0552-4730 AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Programa de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Aguiar, Renato Santana AU - Aguiar RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5180-3717 AD - Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Insituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. FAU - Ferreira, Orlando C AU - Ferreira OC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1970-8936 AD - Laboratorio de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Tanuri, Amilcar AU - Tanuri A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0570-750X AD - Laboratorio de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Affonso, Katia C AU - Affonso KC AD - Nucleo de Vigilancia Hospitalar, Hospital Federal do Andarai, Ministerio de Saude, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Galliez, Rafael M AU - Galliez RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0348-8374 AD - Departamento de Doencas Infecciosas e Parasitarias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Castineiras, Terezinha Marta Pereira Pinto AU - Castineiras TMPP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4746-6049 AD - Departamento de Doencas Infecciosas e Parasitarias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Echevarria-Lima, Juliana AU - Echevarria-Lima J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0725-0198 AD - Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Bozza, Marcelo Torres AU - Bozza MT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3683-7550 AD - Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Vale, Andre M AU - Vale AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7501-2370 AD - Laboratorio de Biologia de Linfocitos, Programa de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2368-3719 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Hatziioannou, Theodora AU - Hatziioannou T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7889-0766 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. FAU - Nussenzweig, Michel C AU - Nussenzweig MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0592-8564 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY. LA - eng GR - Bulgari Women & Science Fellowship/ GR - R01 AI078788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/ GR - P01 AI138938/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United States GR - Instituto Serrapilheira/ GR - R37 AI064003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI111825/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 404096/2020/Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico/ GR - Rede Corona-omica Brazil Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacoes/Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220707 PL - United States TA - J Exp Med JT - The Journal of experimental medicine JID - 2985109R RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Membrane Glycoproteins) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Viral Envelope Proteins) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antibody Formation MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism MH - Neutralization Tests MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - Viral Envelope Proteins PMC - PMC9270183 COIS- Disclosures: P.D. Bieniasz reports grants from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases during the conduct of the study and personal fees from Pfizer outside the submitted work. M.C. Nussenzweig is a scientific advisory board member for Celldex Therapeutics, Walking Fish, Frontier Bio, and Aerium Therapeutics. No other disclosures were reported. EDAT- 2022/07/08 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/12 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/07 CRDT- 2022/07/07 10:23 PHST- 2022/02/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/07 10:23 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 213338 [pii] AID - jem.20220367 [pii] AID - 10.1084/jem.20220367 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exp Med. 2022 Sep 5;219(9):e20220367. doi: 10.1084/jem.20220367. Epub 2022 Jul 7. PMID- 35788744 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220811 LR - 20250728 IS - 1432-1459 (Electronic) IS - 0340-5354 (Print) IS - 0340-5354 (Linking) VI - 269 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Sep TI - SARS-CoV-2 infection in multiple sclerosis patients: interaction with treatments, adjuvant therapies, and vaccines against COVID-19. PG - 4581-4603 LID - 10.1007/s00415-022-11237-1 [doi] AB - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has raised particular concern for people with Multiple Sclerosis, as these people are believed to be at increased risk of infection, especially those being treated with disease-modifying therapies. Therefore, the objective of this review was to describe how COVID-19 affects people who suffer from Multiple Sclerosis, evaluating the risk they have of suffering an infection by this virus, according to the therapy to which they are subjected as well as the immune response of these patients both to infection and vaccines and the neurological consequences that the virus can have in the long term. The results regarding the increased risk of infection due to treatment are contradictory. B-cell depletion therapies may cause patients to have a lower probability of generating a detectable neutralizing antibody titer. However, more studies are needed to help understand how this virus works, paying special attention to long COVID and the neurological symptoms that it causes. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany. FAU - Munoz-Jurado, Ana AU - Munoz-Jurado A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7908-861X AD - Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. b22mujua@uco.es. FAU - Escribano, Begona M AU - Escribano BM AD - Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba, (IMIBC), Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Aguera, Eduardo AU - Aguera E AD - Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba, (IMIBC), Cordoba, Spain. AD - Neurology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Caballero-Villarraso, Javier AU - Caballero-Villarraso J AD - Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba, (IMIBC), Cordoba, Spain. AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal, 14004, Cordoba, Spain. AD - Clinical Analysis Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Galvan, Alberto AU - Galvan A AD - Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba, (IMIBC), Cordoba, Spain. AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal, 14004, Cordoba, Spain. FAU - Tunez, Isaac AU - Tunez I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4493-7087 AD - Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba, (IMIBC), Cordoba, Spain. itunez@uco.es. AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal, 14004, Cordoba, Spain. itunez@uco.es. AD - Cooperative Research Thematic Excellent Network on Brain Stimulation (REDESTIM), Madrid, Spain. itunez@uco.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220705 PL - Germany TA - J Neurol JT - Journal of neurology JID - 0423161 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Humans MH - *Multiple Sclerosis/complications/therapy MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC9253265 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adjuvant treatments OT - Disease-modifying therapies OT - Immunity OT - Multiple sclerosis OT - Neuro-COVID OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/06 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/12 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/05 CRDT- 2022/07/05 18:46 PHST- 2022/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/05 18:46 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00415-022-11237-1 [pii] AID - 11237 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00415-022-11237-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurol. 2022 Sep;269(9):4581-4603. doi: 10.1007/s00415-022-11237-1. Epub 2022 Jul 5. PMID- 35777877 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220707 LR - 20220716 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul 1 TI - Prevalence and determinants of persistent symptoms after infection with SARS-CoV-2: protocol for an observational cohort study (LongCOVID-study). PG - e062439 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062439 [doi] LID - e062439 AB - INTRODUCTION: A substantial proportion of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), report persisting symptoms weeks and months following acute infection. Estimates on prevalence vary due to differences in study designs, populations, heterogeneity of symptoms and the way symptoms are measured. Common symptoms include fatigue, cognitive impairment and dyspnoea. However, knowledge regarding the nature and risk factors for developing persisting symptoms is still limited. Hence, in this study, we aim to determine the prevalence, severity, risk factors and impact on quality of life of persisting symptoms in the first year following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The LongCOVID-study is both a prospective and retrospective cohort study being conducted in the Netherlands, with a one year follow-up. Participants aged 5 years and above, with self-reported positive or negative tests for SARS-CoV-2 will be included in the study. The primary outcome is the prevalence and severity of persistent symptoms in participants that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 compared with controls. Symptom severity will be assessed for fatigue (Checklist Individual Strength (CIS subscale fatigue severity)), pain (Rand-36/SF-36 subscale bodily pain), dyspnoea (Medical Research Council (mMRC)) and cognitive impairment (Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ)). Secondary outcomes include effect of vaccination prior to infection on persistent symptoms, loss of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and risk factors for persisting symptoms following infection with SARS-CoV-2. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Utrecht Medical Ethics Committee (METC) declared in February 2021 that the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act (WMO) does not apply to this study (METC protocol number 21-124/C). Informed consent is required prior to participation in the study. Results of this study will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Mutubuki, Elizabeth N AU - Mutubuki EN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6471-1432 AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands elizabeth.mutubuki@rivm.nl. FAU - van der Maaden, Tessa AU - van der Maaden T AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Leung, Ka Yin AU - Leung KY AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Wong, Albert AU - Wong A AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Tulen, Anna D AU - Tulen AD AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - de Bruijn, Simeon AU - de Bruijn S AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Haverman, Lotte AU - Haverman L AD - Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Knoop, Hans AU - Knoop H AD - Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Franz, Eelco AU - Franz E AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - van Hoek, Albert Jan AU - van Hoek AJ AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - van den Wijngaard, Cees C AU - van den Wijngaard CC AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220701 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Cohort Studies MH - Dyspnea/epidemiology/etiology MH - Fatigue/epidemiology/etiology MH - Humans MH - Observational Studies as Topic MH - Prevalence MH - Prospective Studies MH - Quality of Life MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9251892 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - epidemiology OT - health economics COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2022/07/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/08 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/01 CRDT- 2022/07/01 21:04 PHST- 2022/07/01 21:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2022-062439 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062439 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2022 Jul 1;12(7):e062439. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062439. PMID- 35776050 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220707 LR - 20220817 IS - 2284-0729 (Electronic) IS - 1128-3602 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Jun TI - A narrative review of tissue-resident memory T cells and their role in immune surveillance and COVID-19. PG - 4486-4496 LID - 29088 [pii] LID - 10.26355/eurrev_202206_29088 [doi] AB - Most effector T cells will undergo programmed apoptosis after an immune response and some of them may become memory T cells. According to the distribution and functional status, the memory T cells can be divided into effector central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory T cells (TEM) and tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) cells. TRM cells, including CD4+ TRM and CD8+ TRM cells, colonize various barrier surfaces and are no longer involved in lymphocyte recycling, closely monitored for local perturbations in homeostasis throughout the body as a critical component of the first defense line. When pathogenic microorganisms invade the body, TRM cells can quickly produce a defense response to initiate innate immunity and adaptive immunity by producing cytokines or killer molecules to resist viral and bacterial infections. In addition, TRM cells are also involved in cancer surveillance and play an essential role in maintaining cancer-immune equilibrium. The high frequency of TRM cells in tumor tissues often means favorable survival for patients. The latest research proves that TRM cells also play an important role in vaccine development and pathological features of COVID-19. This article will summarize the biological functions of TRM cells and aims at providing references for further research on their mechanism and for targeting the best treatment of clinical disease. FAU - Chen, L AU - Chen L AD - Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China. 642917492@qq.com. FAU - Wei, B AU - Wei B FAU - Di, D-L AU - Di DL LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci JT - European review for medical and pharmacological sciences JID - 9717360 SB - IM MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Memory T Cells MH - *Neoplasms EDAT- 2022/07/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/08 06:00 CRDT- 2022/07/01 10:06 PHST- 2022/07/01 10:06 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/08 06:00 [medline] AID - 29088 [pii] AID - 10.26355/eurrev_202206_29088 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 Jun;26(12):4486-4496. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202206_29088. PMID- 35774782 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220704 LR - 20220720 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Considerations of CD8(+) T Cells for Optimized Vaccine Strategies Against Respiratory Viruses. PG - 918611 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918611 [doi] LID - 918611 AB - The primary goal of vaccines that protect against respiratory viruses appears to be the induction of neutralizing antibodies for a long period. Although this goal need not be changed, recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have drawn strong attention to another arm of acquired immunity, CD8(+) T cells, which are also called killer T cells. Recent evidence accumulated during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has revealed that even variants of SARS-CoV-2 that escaped from neutralizing-antibodies that were induced by either infection or vaccination could not escape from CD8(+) T cell-mediated immunity. In addition, although traditional vaccine platforms, such as inactivated virus and subunit vaccines, are less efficient in inducing CD8(+) T cells, newly introduced platforms for SARS-CoV-2, namely, mRNA and adenoviral vector vaccines, can induce strong CD8(+) T cell-mediated immunity in addition to inducing neutralizing antibodies. However, CD8(+) T cells function locally and need to be at the site of infection to control it. To fully utilize the protective performance of CD8(+) T cells, it would be insufficient to induce only memory cells circulating in blood, using injectable vaccines; mucosal immunization could be required to set up CD8(+) T cells for the optimal protection. CD8(+) T cells might also contribute to the pathology of the infection, change their function with age and respond differently to booster vaccines in comparison with antibodies. Herein, we overview cutting-edge ideas on CD8(+) T cell-mediated immunity that can enable the rational design of vaccines for respiratory viruses. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Hirai and Yoshioka. FAU - Hirai, Toshiro AU - Hirai T AD - Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Nano-design for Innovative Drug Development, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. FAU - Yoshioka, Yasuo AU - Yoshioka Y AD - Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - Laboratory of Nano-design for Innovative Drug Development, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. AD - The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, Suita, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20220615 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC9237416 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8 T cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - aging OT - attrition OT - booster vaccines OT - tissue-resident memory T cell COIS- YY is employed by the Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University. The remaining author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/06 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/15 CRDT- 2022/07/01 02:42 PHST- 2022/04/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/01 02:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918611 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Jun 15;13:918611. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918611. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35766602 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220701 LR - 20220701 IS - 1678-2690 (Electronic) IS - 0001-3765 (Linking) VI - 94 IP - 3 DP - 2022 TI - Memory elicitation, T-cell response and antibody production: an independent study of an inactivated entire virus vaccine (Coronavac). PG - e20211590 LID - S0001-37652022000500702 [pii] LID - 10.1590/0001-3765202220211590 [doi] AB - Health professionals working to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic are one of the main risk groups for the disease, being prioritized for vaccination. Considering this, the aim of this study was to analyze the immune response of these professionals immunized with CoronaVac in the first and second doses. Blood samples were collected after the first and second doses of the vaccine (CoronaVac) and used to investigate hematological and biochemical parameters, analysis of immunoglobulin production, cytokines, and gene expression profile, as well as the identification of subsets of immune cells. Post-first dose immunological phenotypic memory (CD27+) profiles (T CD4+, TCD8+ and CD19+) showed a significant increase, as did Monocyte APCs (CD80+HLA-DR+) in relation to the second dose. The cytokines IL-2, IL-6 and IFN- degrees showed increased values in relation to the other analyzed cytokines. The Th2/Th17 profile in the second dose was characterized by gene expression analysis. The production of IgM and IgG after vaccination showed statistically significant values in the comparison between doses. CoronaVac showed activation of APCs monocytes, memory response of T and B lymphocytes, with immunoglobulins production. This set of responses is characterized by the Th2/Th17 immunological profile. FAU - Souza-Silva, Guilherme Antonio DE AU - Souza-Silva GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4364-6648 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Immunological and Antitumor Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Bioscience Center, Av. Prof. Artur de Sa, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-525 Recife, PE, Brazil. AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Aquino, Rodrigo Cesar A DE AU - Aquino RCA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1883-5001 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Immunological and Antitumor Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Bioscience Center, Av. Prof. Artur de Sa, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-525 Recife, PE, Brazil. AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Sousa, Georon F DE AU - Sousa GF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8780-202X AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Immunological and Antitumor Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Bioscience Center, Av. Prof. Artur de Sa, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-525 Recife, PE, Brazil. AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Barros, Barbara Rafaela S AU - Barros BRS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4697-0937 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Immunological and Antitumor Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Bioscience Center, Av. Prof. Artur de Sa, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-525 Recife, PE, Brazil. AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Lima, Marillia Raphaella C F DE AU - Lima MRCF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8451-8450 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Immunological and Antitumor Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Bioscience Center, Av. Prof. Artur de Sa, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-525 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Cruz, Leonardo C O AU - Cruz LCO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4388-3643 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Immunological and Antitumor Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Bioscience Center, Av. Prof. Artur de Sa, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-525 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Marcos, Bianca F Sao AU - Marcos BFS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8165-3534 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Bioscience Center, Avenida Reitor Joaquim Amazonas, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-570, Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Silva, Anna Jessica D AU - Silva AJD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8341-7877 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Bioscience Center, Avenida Reitor Joaquim Amazonas, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-570, Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Tales, Aparecida Virginia S AU - Tales AVS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4541-4437 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Clinical Hospital, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Diniz, Madi V AU - Diniz MV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5673-2687 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Clinical Hospital, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Lima, Monica Maria C AU - Lima MMC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2890-1107 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Clinical Hospital, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Sa, Igor W A DE AU - Sa IWA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7616-1327 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Clinical Hospital, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Rodrigues, Fabio Augusto C AU - Rodrigues FAC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5622-0008 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Clinical Hospital, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Souza, Edson B DE AU - Souza EB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3716-6907 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Clinical Hospital, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Nascimento, Arione V DO AU - Nascimento AVD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6547-9708 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Clinical Hospital, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Vieira, Amanda M AU - Vieira AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8140-7299 AD - University of Pernambuco, Institute of Biological Sciences, Rua Arnobio Marques, 310, Santo Amaro, 50100-130 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Carvalho, Bruno M DE AU - Carvalho BM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6792-0288 AD - University of Pernambuco, Institute of Biological Sciences, Rua Arnobio Marques, 310, Santo Amaro, 50100-130 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Campelo Junior, Evonio B AU - Campelo Junior EB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9825-9656 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Clinical Hospital, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Freitas, Antonio Carlos DE AU - Freitas AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4957-9549 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Bioscience Center, Avenida Reitor Joaquim Amazonas, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-570, Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Melo, Cristiane M L DE AU - Melo CML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8831-0163 AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Laboratory of Immunological and Antitumor Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Bioscience Center, Av. Prof. Artur de Sa, s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50740-525 Recife, PE, Brazil. AD - Federal University of Pernambuco, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220627 PL - Brazil TA - An Acad Bras Cienc JT - Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias JID - 7503280 RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - *Antibody Formation MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Pandemics MH - T-Lymphocytes MH - Vaccination MH - Vaccines, Inactivated EDAT- 2022/06/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/02 06:00 CRDT- 2022/06/29 09:32 PHST- 2021/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/29 09:32 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/02 06:00 [medline] AID - S0001-37652022000500702 [pii] AID - 10.1590/0001-3765202220211590 [doi] PST - epublish SO - An Acad Bras Cienc. 2022 Jun 27;94(3):e20211590. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202220211590. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35764393 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220711 LR - 20260518 IS - 1555-905X (Electronic) IS - 1555-9041 (Print) IS - 1555-9041 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Immune Responses after a Third Dose of mRNA Vaccine Differ in Virus-Naive versus SARS-CoV-2- Recovered Dialysis Patients. PG - 1008-1016 LID - 10.2215/CJN.00830122 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: After two doses of mRNA vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), patients on dialysis show a defective humoral response, but a third dose could increase anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers. Responses could be different in virus-naive and SARS-CoV-2-recovered patients on dialysis. However, characterization of memory B cell response after three doses is lacking. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: We evaluated the dynamics of antireceptor binding domain IgG titers and antireceptor binding domain memory B cells until 6 months after two and three doses (administered within 6 months after the second dose) of mRNA vaccine in SARS-CoV-2-recovered and virus-naive dialysis populations. Results were analyzed by ordinary one-way ANOVA, the Kruskal-Wallis test, or the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test as appropriate. RESULTS: In total, 108 individuals (59 patients on dialysis and 49 controls) were included. In virus-naive patients on dialysis, antireceptor binding domain IgG response was quantitatively lower after two doses compared with healthy controls, but IgG titers increased by three-fold after three doses (P=0.008). In SARS-CoV-2-recovered patients on dialysis, antireceptor binding domain IgG titers after two doses were significantly higher compared with virus-naive patients on dialysis but did not significantly increase after a third dose. Regarding memory B cell response, we detected receptor binding domain-specific memory B cells at similar proportions in virus-naive patients on dialysis and vaccinated controls after two doses. Moreover, a strong receptor binding domain-specific memory B cell expansion was observed after the third dose in virus-naive patients on dialysis (5.5-fold; P<0.001). However, in SARS-CoV-2-recovered patients on dialysis, antireceptor binding domain memory B cells remained unchanged after the third dose. CONCLUSIONS: The third dose of mRNA vaccine given within 6 months after the second dose boosts serologic and memory response in virus-naive patients but not in SARS-CoV-2-recovered patients on dialysis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NAME AND REGISTRATION NUMBER: COVID-19: SARS-CoV-2 Specific Memory B and T-CD4+ Cells (MEMO-COV2), NCT04402892. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 by the American Society of Nephrology. FAU - Attias, Philippe AU - Attias P AD - Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hopital Prive Nord Parisien, Sarcelles, France. FAU - Azzaoui, Imane AU - Azzaoui I AD - Department of Internal medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. AD - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U955, Equipe 2, Transfusion and pathologies of the red blood cell, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - El Karoui, Khalil AU - El Karoui K AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Department of Nephrology, Centre de Reference Maladie Rare Syndrome Nephrotique Idiopathique, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire Innovative Therapy for Immune Disorders, Creteil, France. AD - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U955, Equipe 21, Pathophysiology of glomerular diseases, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - de La Selle, Andrea AU - de La Selle A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9098-0107 AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U1151/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixtes de Service 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. FAU - Sokal, Aurelien AU - Sokal A AD - Department of Internal medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. AD - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U955, Equipe 2, Transfusion and pathologies of the red blood cell, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Chappert, Pascal AU - Chappert P AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U1151/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixtes de Service 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. AD - Institut Pasteur, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixte de Recherche 3569, Paris, France. FAU - Grimbert, Philippe AU - Grimbert P AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Department of Nephrology, Centre de Reference Maladie Rare Syndrome Nephrotique Idiopathique, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire Innovative Therapy for Immune Disorders, Creteil, France. AD - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U955, Equipe 21, Pathophysiology of glomerular diseases, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Fernandez, Ignacio AU - Fernandez I AD - Institut Pasteur, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixte de Recherche 3569, Paris, France. FAU - Bouvier, Magali AU - Bouvier M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1590-5980 AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Creteil, France. AD - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U955, Equipe 18, Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Samson, Chloe AU - Samson C AD - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U955, Equipe 21, Pathophysiology of glomerular diseases, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Dahmane, Djamal AU - Dahmane D AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Department of Nephrology, Centre de Reference Maladie Rare Syndrome Nephrotique Idiopathique, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire Innovative Therapy for Immune Disorders, Creteil, France. FAU - Rieu, Philippe AU - Rieu P AD - Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hopital Prive Nord Parisien, Sarcelles, France. FAU - Nizard, Patrice AU - Nizard P AD - Ana Laboratoires, Sarcelles, France. FAU - Fourati, Slim AU - Fourati S AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Creteil, France. AD - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U955, Equipe 18, Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Sakhi, Hamza AU - Sakhi H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4977-2661 AD - Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Department of Nephrology, Centre de Reference Maladie Rare Syndrome Nephrotique Idiopathique, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire Innovative Therapy for Immune Disorders, Creteil, France. AD - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U955, Equipe 21, Pathophysiology of glomerular diseases, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Mahevas, Matthieu AU - Mahevas M AD - Department of Internal medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. AD - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U955, Equipe 2, Transfusion and pathologies of the red blood cell, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France. AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical U1151/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixtes de Service 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. CN - Mondor NephroCov Study Group LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04402892 PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220628 PL - United States TA - Clin J Am Soc Nephrol JT - Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN JID - 101271570 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Immunity MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Renal Dialysis MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9269639 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - dialysis OT - immunology OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cells FIR - Audard, Vincent IR - Audard V FIR - Bentaarit, Boutheina IR - Bentaarit B FIR - Boueilh, Anna IR - Boueilh A FIR - Gallien, Sebastien IR - Gallien S FIR - Grimbert, Philippe IR - Grimbert P FIR - Hue, Sophie IR - Hue S FIR - Joher, Nizar IR - Joher N FIR - Jouan, Narindra IR - Jouan N FIR - Lamriben, Larbi IR - Lamriben L FIR - Lelievre, Jean-Daniel IR - Lelievre JD FIR - Lepeule, Raphael IR - Lepeule R FIR - Mahevas, Matthieu IR - Mahevas M FIR - Matignon, Marie IR - Matignon M FIR - Melica, Giovanna IR - Melica G FIR - Oniszczuk, Julie IR - Oniszczuk J FIR - Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel IR - Pawlotsky JM FIR - Stehle, Thomas IR - Stehle T FIR - Vindrios, William IR - Vindrios W FIR - Wemmert, Charlotte IR - Wemmert C EDAT- 2022/06/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/12 06:00 PMCR- 2023/07/01 CRDT- 2022/06/28 21:22 PHST- 2022/01/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/28 21:22 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 01277230-202207000-00012 [pii] AID - 00830122 [pii] AID - 10.2215/CJN.00830122 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Jul;17(7):1008-1016. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00830122. Epub 2022 Jun 28. PMID- 35764089 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220712 LR - 20260127 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 14 DP - 2022 Jul 7 TI - Humoral and cellular immune memory to four COVID-19 vaccines. PG - 2434-2451.e17 LID - S0092-8674(22)00653-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.05.022 [doi] AB - Multiple COVID-19 vaccines, representing diverse vaccine platforms, successfully protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths. Head-to-head comparisons of T cell, B cell, and antibody responses to diverse vaccines in humans are likely to be informative for understanding protective immunity against COVID-19, with particular interest in immune memory. Here, SARS-CoV-2-spike-specific immune responses to Moderna mRNA-1273, Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2, Janssen Ad26.COV2.S, and Novavax NVX-CoV2373 were examined longitudinally for 6 months 100% of individuals made memory CD4(+) T cells, with cTfh and CD4-CTL highly represented after mRNA or NVX-CoV2373 vaccination. mRNA vaccines and Ad26.COV2.S induced comparable CD8(+) T cell frequencies, though only detectable in 60-67% of subjects at 6 months. A differentiating feature of Ad26.COV2.S immunization was a high frequency of CXCR3(+) memory B cells. mRNA vaccinees had substantial declines in antibodies, while memory T and B cells were comparatively stable. These results may also be relevant for insights against other pathogens. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Zhang, Zeli AU - Zhang Z AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Mateus, Jose AU - Mateus J AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Coelho, Camila H AU - Coelho CH AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Dan, Jennifer M AU - Dan JM AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Moderbacher, Carolyn Rydyznski AU - Moderbacher CR AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Galvez, Rosa Isela AU - Galvez RI AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Cortes, Fernanda H AU - Cortes FH AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Laboratory of AIDS and Molecular Immunology, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Tarke, Alison AU - Tarke A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Chang, James AU - Chang J AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Escarrega, E Alexandar AU - Escarrega EA AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Kim, Christina AU - Kim C AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Goodwin, Benjamin AU - Goodwin B AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Bloom, Nathaniel I AU - Bloom NI AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Frazier, April AU - Frazier A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: daniela@lji.org. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: alex@lji.org. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: shane@lji.org. LA - eng GR - R25 AI147376/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA260541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI135193/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K08 AI135078/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P40 OD012217/OD/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20220527 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - JT2NS6183B (Ad26COVS1) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 2SCD8Q63PF (NVX-CoV2373 adjuvated lipid nanoparticle) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2022 Mar 21:2022.03.18.484953. doi: 10.1101/2022.03.18.484953. PMID: 35350195 MH - Ad26COVS1 MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9135677 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - SARS-COV2 OT - cellular immunity OT - humoral immunity OT - immune memory COIS- Declaration of interests A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, ImmunoScape, Avalia, Moderna, Fortress, Repertoire, Gerson Lehrman Group, RiverVest, MedaCorp, and Guggenheim. S.C. has consulted for GSK, JP Morgan, Citi, Morgan Stanley, Avalia NZ, Nutcracker Therapeutics, University of California, California State Universities, United Airlines, Adagio, and Roche. LJI has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. All other authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/06/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/27 CRDT- 2022/06/28 18:42 PHST- 2022/03/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/28 18:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(22)00653-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.05.022 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2022 Jul 7;185(14):2434-2451.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.05.022. Epub 2022 May 27. PMID- 35752871 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220802 LR - 20261016 IS - 1600-065X (Electronic) IS - 0105-2896 (Print) IS - 0105-2896 (Linking) VI - 309 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Tissue immunity to SARS-CoV-2: Role in protection and immunopathology. PG - 25-39 LID - 10.1111/imr.13112 [doi] AB - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has demonstrated the importance of studying antiviral immunity within sites of infection to gain insights into mechanisms for immune protection and disease pathology. As SARS-CoV-2 is tropic to the respiratory tract, many studies of airway washes, lymph node aspirates, and postmortem lung tissue have revealed site-specific immune dynamics that are associated with the protection or immunopathology but are not readily observed in circulation. This review summarizes the growing body of work identifying immune processes in tissues and their interplay with immune responses in circulation during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe disease, and memory persistence. Establishment of tissue resident immunity also may have implications for vaccination and the durability of immune memory and protection. CI - (c) 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Rybkina, Ksenia AU - Rybkina K AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Davis-Porada, Julia AU - Davis-Porada J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9313-4590 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Farber, Donna L AU - Farber DL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8236-9183 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA. AD - Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA. LA - eng GR - U19 AI128949/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI100119/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI100119/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI106697/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 GM007367/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 GM145440/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 HL145547/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20220625 PL - England TA - Immunol Rev JT - Immunological reviews JID - 7702118 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Lung MH - Pandemics MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9339538 MID - NIHMS1815902 OTO - NOTNLM OT - lung immunity OT - lymph nodes OT - mucosal immunity OT - tissue resident memory cells COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/06/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/03 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/25 CRDT- 2022/06/25 23:35 PHST- 2022/06/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/25 23:35 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IMR13112 [pii] AID - 10.1111/imr.13112 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunol Rev. 2022 Aug;309(1):25-39. doi: 10.1111/imr.13112. Epub 2022 Jun 25. PMID- 35751563 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220929 LR - 20250530 IS - 1365-2567 (Electronic) IS - 0019-2805 (Print) IS - 0019-2805 (Linking) VI - 167 IP - 2 DP - 2022 Oct TI - Comparison of the immunogenicity of five COVID-19 vaccines in Sri Lanka. PG - 263-274 LID - 10.1111/imm.13535 [doi] AB - To determine the antibody responses elicited by different vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, we compared antibody responses in individuals 3 months post-vaccination in those who had received different vaccines in Sri Lanka. Abs to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the ancestral (wild type) virus (WT) as well as to variants of concern (VoCs), and ACE2 blocking Abs, were assessed in individuals vaccinated with Moderna (n = 225), Sputnik V (n = 128) or Sputnik light (n = 184) and the results were compared with previously reported data on Sinopharm and AZD1222 vaccinees. A total of 99.5% of Moderna, >94% of AZD1222 or Sputnik V and >70% of Sputnik light, >60% of Sinopharm vaccine recipients, had a positive response to ACE2 blocking antibodies. The ACE2 blocking antibody levels were highest to lowest was Moderna > Sputnik V/AZD1222 (had equal levels) > Sputnik light > Sinopharm. All Moderna recipients had antibodies to the RBD of WT, alpha and beta, while positivity rates for delta variant was 80%. The positivity rates for Sputnik V vaccinees for the WT and VoCs were higher than for AZD1222 vaccinees while those who received Sinopharm had the lowest positivity rates (<16.7%). The total antibodies to the RBD were highest for the Sputnik V and AZD1222 vaccinees. The Moderna vaccine elicited the highest ACE2 blocking antibody levels followed by Sputnik V/AZD1222, while those who received Sinopharm had the lowest levels. These findings highlight the need for further studies to understand the effects on clinical outcomes. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Jeewandara, Chandima AU - Jeewandara C AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Aberathna, Inoka Sepali AU - Aberathna IS AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Danasekara, Saubhagya AU - Danasekara S AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Gomes, Laksiri AU - Gomes L AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Fernando, Suranga AU - Fernando S AD - Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Guruge, Dinuka AU - Guruge D AD - Colombo Municipal Council, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Ranasinghe, Thushali AU - Ranasinghe T AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Gunasekera, Banuri AU - Gunasekera B AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Kamaladasa, Achala AU - Kamaladasa A AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Kuruppu, Heshan AU - Kuruppu H AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Somathilake, Gayasha AU - Somathilake G AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Jayamali, Jeewantha AU - Jayamali J AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Jayathilaka, Deshni AU - Jayathilaka D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3334-2811 AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Wijayatilake, Helanka Dinesh Kumara AU - Wijayatilake HDK AD - Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Pushpakumara, Pradeep Darshana AU - Pushpakumara PD AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Harvie, Michael AU - Harvie M AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - Nimasha, Thashmi AU - Nimasha T AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. FAU - de Silva, Shiromi Devika Grace AU - de Silva SDG AD - Colombo Municipal Council, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Wijayamuni, Ruwan AU - Wijayamuni R AD - Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Schimanski, Lisa AU - Schimanski L AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Rijal, Pramila AU - Rijal P AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Tan, Jack AU - Tan J AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Townsend, Alain AU - Townsend A AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Ogg, Graham S AU - Ogg GS AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Malavige, Gathsaurie Neelika AU - Malavige GN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9201-0449 AD - Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. AD - Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. LA - eng GR - MC_UU_00008/5/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - U01 AI151788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220709 PL - England TA - Immunology JT - Immunology JID - 0374672 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Blocking) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - EC 3.4.17.23 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 MH - Antibodies, Blocking MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Sri Lanka MH - *Vaccines PMC - PMC9349502 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - antibodies OT - memory OT - vaccination COIS- None of the authors have any conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/06/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/30 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/09 CRDT- 2022/06/25 07:42 PHST- 2022/01/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/25 07:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IMM13535 [pii] AID - 10.1111/imm.13535 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunology. 2022 Oct;167(2):263-274. doi: 10.1111/imm.13535. Epub 2022 Jul 9. PMID- 35750048 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220715 LR - 20240923 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul 12 TI - SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell memory with common TCRalphabeta motifs is established in unvaccinated children who seroconvert after infection. PG - 1299-1315.e4 LID - S1074-7613(22)00241-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.06.003 [doi] AB - As the establishment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cell memory in children remains largely unexplored, we recruited convalescent COVID-19 children and adults to define their circulating memory SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells prior to vaccination. We analyzed epitope-specific T cells directly ex vivo using seven HLA class I and class II tetramers presenting SARS-CoV-2 epitopes, together with Spike-specific B cells. Unvaccinated children who seroconverted had comparable Spike-specific but lower ORF1a- and N-specific memory T cell responses compared with adults. This agreed with our TCR sequencing data showing reduced clonal expansion in children. A strong stem cell memory phenotype and common T cell receptor motifs were detected within tetramer-specific T cells in seroconverted children. Conversely, children who did not seroconvert had tetramer-specific T cells of predominantly naive phenotypes and diverse TCRalphabeta repertoires. Our study demonstrates the generation of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell memory with common TCRalphabeta motifs in unvaccinated seroconverted children after their first virus encounter. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Rowntree, Louise C AU - Rowntree LC AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Nguyen, Thi H O AU - Nguyen THO AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Kedzierski, Lukasz AU - Kedzierski L AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Neeland, Melanie R AU - Neeland MR AD - Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Petersen, Jan AU - Petersen J AD - Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia. FAU - Crawford, Jeremy Chase AU - Crawford JC AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. FAU - Allen, Lilith F AU - Allen LF AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Clemens, E Bridie AU - Clemens EB AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Chua, Brendon AU - Chua B AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - McQuilten, Hayley A AU - McQuilten HA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Minervina, Anastasia A AU - Minervina AA AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. FAU - Pogorelyy, Mikhail V AU - Pogorelyy MV AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. FAU - Chaurasia, Priyanka AU - Chaurasia P AD - Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia. FAU - Tan, Hyon-Xhi AU - Tan HX AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Wheatley, Adam K AU - Wheatley AK AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Jia, Xiaoxiao AU - Jia X AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Amanat, Fatima AU - Amanat F AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. FAU - Krammer, Florian AU - Krammer F AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. FAU - Allen, E Kaitlynn AU - Allen EK AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. FAU - Sonda, Sabrina AU - Sonda S AD - School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, Australia. FAU - Flanagan, Katie L AU - Flanagan KL AD - School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, Australia; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Tasmanian Vaccine Trial Centre, Clifford Craig Foundation, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia. FAU - Jumarang, Jaycee AU - Jumarang J AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA. FAU - Pannaraj, Pia S AU - Pannaraj PS AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. FAU - Licciardi, Paul V AU - Licciardi PV AD - Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Kent, Stephen J AU - Kent SJ AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia. FAU - Bond, Katherine A AU - Bond KA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Williamson, Deborah A AU - Williamson DA AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Rossjohn, Jamie AU - Rossjohn J AD - Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK. FAU - Thomas, Paul G AU - Thomas PG AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. FAU - Tosif, Shidan AU - Tosif S AD - Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Crawford, Nigel W AU - Crawford NW AD - Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Immunisation Service, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - van de Sandt, Carolien E AU - van de Sandt CE AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. FAU - Kedzierska, Katherine AU - Kedzierska K AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia. Electronic address: kkedz@unimelb.edu.au. LA - eng GR - HHSN272201400008C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI144616/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00014/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00051/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI136514/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220608 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell) RN - 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell MH - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC9174177 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - CD4(+) T cells OT - CD8(+) T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - children OT - memory T cells OT - tetramer-specific COIS- Declaration of interests SARS-CoV-2 serological assays (US Provisional Application #62/994252, 63/018457, 63/020503, and 63/024436) and NDV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (US Provisional Application #63/251020) list F.K. as a co-inventor. F.A. is also a co-inventor of the serological assay patents. Patent applications were submitted by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Mount Sinai has spun out a company, Kantaro, to market serological tests for SARS-CoV-2. F.K. has consulted for Merck and Pfizer (before 2020) and is currently consulting for Pfizer, Third Rock Ventures, Seqirus, and Avimex. F.K. laboratory collaborates with Pfizer on the animal models of SARS-CoV-2. P.G.T. is on the SAB of Immunoscape and Cytoagents, has consulted for JNJ, received travel support and/or honoraria from Illumina, 10X Genomics, and has patents on TCR discovery and expression. P.S.P. received research grants from Astra Zeneca and Pfizer and has served on advisory boards for Sanofi Pasteur and Seqirus. EDAT- 2022/06/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/08 CRDT- 2022/06/24 18:42 PHST- 2021/10/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/24 18:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(22)00241-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.06.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2022 Jul 12;55(7):1299-1315.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.06.003. Epub 2022 Jun 8. PMID- 35747550 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230602 IS - 2163-0402 (Print) IS - 2163-0933 (Electronic) IS - 2163-0402 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Jun TI - SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis. PG - e14-e21 LID - 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001164 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The effects of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection on clinical outcomes, including relapse risk, have been insufficiently explored in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of new neurologic symptoms or symptom recrudescence among PwMS who received the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, characterize outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and assess MS-specific determinants of vaccine hesitancy. METHODS: Online surveys that assessed incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination status/type, reasons for vaccine deferral, and postvaccination symptoms were administered to PwMS. Medical charts were reviewed for consenting respondents. Associations between infection, postvaccination outcomes, and clinical characteristics were compared using chi(2) tests, 2-sample t tests, and adjusted logistic regression models. RESULTS: In total, 292 of 333 respondents were vaccinated, of whom 58% reported postvaccination side effects, most commonly among mRNA vaccine recipients (p = 0.02), younger patients (p < 0.01), and people with relapsing-remitting MS (p = 0.03). Twelve percent endorsed recrudescence of existing MS symptoms, while 3% endorsed new neurologic symptoms postvaccination. Sixty-two participants reported SARS-CoV-2 infection since the start of the pandemic, more frequent in younger individuals (1-year odds ratio [OR] = 0.958, 10-year OR = 0.649, p < 0.01). Neither disease-modifying therapy nor B-cell therapies specifically were associated with vaccine side effects, neurologic symptoms, or SARS-CoV-2 infection. Twenty-one percent of unvaccinated cited a desire for provider guidance before vaccination. DISCUSSION: Our findings provide new data to suggest that among PwMS who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, clinical disease worsening is rare and mostly associated with symptom recrudescence, as opposed to new relapses. Postvaccination side effects may occur more often among mRNA vaccine recipients and in younger individuals. CI - (c) 2022 American Academy of Neurology. FAU - Brunn, Jenna A AU - Brunn JA AD - Michigan Medicine (JAB), Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Michigan Medicine (GLD, TJB), Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Michigan Medicine (ARR, TJB), Department of Neurology, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Clinical Neuroimmunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. FAU - Dunietz, Galit Levi AU - Dunietz GL AD - Michigan Medicine (JAB), Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Michigan Medicine (GLD, TJB), Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Michigan Medicine (ARR, TJB), Department of Neurology, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Clinical Neuroimmunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. FAU - Romeo, Andrew R AU - Romeo AR AD - Michigan Medicine (JAB), Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Michigan Medicine (GLD, TJB), Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Michigan Medicine (ARR, TJB), Department of Neurology, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Clinical Neuroimmunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. FAU - Braley, Tiffany J AU - Braley TJ AD - Michigan Medicine (JAB), Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Michigan Medicine (GLD, TJB), Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Michigan Medicine (ARR, TJB), Department of Neurology, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Clinical Neuroimmunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Neurol Clin Pract JT - Neurology. Clinical practice JID - 101577149 PMC - PMC9208419 EDAT- 2022/06/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/25 06:01 PMCR- 2023/06/01 CRDT- 2022/06/24 02:16 PHST- 2021/11/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/24 02:16 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/25 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - NEURCLINPRACT2021070229 [pii] AID - 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001164 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Clin Pract. 2022 Jun;12(3):e14-e21. doi: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001164. PMID- 35741048 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220627 LR - 20260127 IS - 2073-4409 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4409 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Jun 14 TI - T-Cell Defects Associated to Lack of Spike-Specific Antibodies after BNT162b2 Full Immunization Followed by a Booster Dose in Patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiencies. LID - 10.3390/cells11121918 [doi] LID - 1918 AB - Following the third booster dose of the mRNA vaccine, Common Variable Immune Deficiencies (CVID) patients may not produce specific antibodies against the virus spike protein. The T-cell abnormalities associated with the absence of antibodies are still a matter of investigation. Spike-specific IgG and IgA, peripheral T cell subsets, CD40L and cytokine expression, and Spike-specific specific T-cells responses were evaluated in 47 CVID and 26 healthy donors after three doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Testing was performed two weeks after the third vaccine dose. Thirty-six percent of the patients did not produce anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG or IgA antibodies. Non responder patients had lower peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, circulating naive and central memory T-cells, low CD40L expression on the CD4+CD45+RO+ and CD8+CD45+RO+ T-cells, high frequencies of TNFalpha and IFNgamma expressing CD8+ T-cells, and defective release of IFNgamma and TNFalpha following stimulation with Spike peptides. Non responders had a more complex disease phenotype, with higher frequencies of structural lung damage and autoimmunity, especially autoimmune cytopenia. Thirty-five percent of them developed a SARS-CoV-2 infection after immunization in comparison to twenty percent of CVID who responded to immunization with antibodies production. CVID-associated T cell abnormalities contributed to the absence of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies after full immunization. FAU - Pulvirenti, Federica AU - Pulvirenti F AD - Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Cecca, Stefano AU - Di Cecca S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2595-9261 AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00116 Rome, Italy. FAU - Sinibaldi, Matilde AU - Sinibaldi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5277-8998 AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00116 Rome, Italy. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0054-4732 AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Terreri, Sara AU - Terreri S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5791-6306 AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Albano, Christian AU - Albano C AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Guercio, Marika AU - Guercio M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1356-5874 AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00116 Rome, Italy. FAU - Sculco, Eleonora AU - Sculco E AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Milito, Cinzia AU - Milito C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2581-9250 AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Ferrari, Simona AU - Ferrari S AD - Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Locatelli, Franco AU - Locatelli F AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00116 Rome, Italy. FAU - Quintarelli, Concetta AU - Quintarelli C AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00116 Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - B Cell Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Quinti, Isabella AU - Quinti I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3328-7584 AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220614 PL - Switzerland TA - Cells JT - Cells JID - 101600052 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 147205-72-9 (CD40 Ligand) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *BNT162 Vaccine MH - CD40 Ligand MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Immunization MH - Immunoglobulin A MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9221747 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - COVID-19 OT - Common Variable Immune Deficiencies OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T-cells OT - antibody response OT - booster dose OT - memory B cells OT - spike protein OT - vaccine COIS- Authors declare that they have no competing interest. EDAT- 2022/06/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/28 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/14 CRDT- 2022/06/24 01:09 PHST- 2022/05/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/24 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cells11121918 [pii] AID - cells-11-01918 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cells11121918 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cells. 2022 Jun 14;11(12):1918. doi: 10.3390/cells11121918. PMID- 35735743 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220902 LR - 20250728 IS - 2150-7511 (Electronic) VI - 13 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Aug 30 TI - Antibody and Memory B-Cell Immunity in a Heterogeneously SARS-CoV-2-Infected and -Vaccinated Population. PG - e0084022 LID - 10.1128/mbio.00840-22 [doi] LID - e00840-22 AB - Global population immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is accumulating through heterogeneous combinations of infection and vaccination. Vaccine distribution in low- and middle-income countries has been variable and reliant on diverse vaccine platforms. We studied B-cell immunity in Mexico, a middle-income country where five different vaccines have been deployed to populations with high SARS-CoV-2 incidences. Levels of antibodies that bound a stabilized prefusion spike trimer, neutralizing antibody titers, and memory B-cell expansion correlated with each other across vaccine platforms. Nevertheless, the vaccines elicited variable levels of B-cell immunity, and the majority of recipients had undetectable neutralizing activity against the recently emergent omicron variant. SARS-CoV-2 infection, experienced before or after vaccination, potentiated B-cell immune responses and enabled the generation of neutralizing activity against omicron and SARS-CoV for all vaccines in nearly all individuals. These findings suggest that broad population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 will eventually be achieved but by heterogeneous paths. IMPORTANCE The majority of studies on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-elicited immunity and immune evasion have focused on single vaccines corresponding to those distributed in high-income countries. However, in low- and middle-income countries, vaccine deployment has been far less uniform. It is therefore important to determine the levels of immunity elicited by vaccines that have been deployed globally. Such data should help inform policy. Thus, this paper is very much a "real-world" study that focuses on a middle-income country, Mexico, in which five different vaccines based on mRNA, adenovirus, and inactivated-virus platforms have been extensively deployed, while (as documented in our study) SARS-CoV-2 variants with increasing degrees of immune evasiveness have propagated in the Mexican population, culminating in the recent emergence of B.1.1.529 (omicron). FAU - Bednarski, Eva AU - Bednarski E AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller Universitygrid.134907.8, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Del Rio Estrada, Perla M AU - Del Rio Estrada PM AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - DaSilva, Justin AU - DaSilva J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6393-0000 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller Universitygrid.134907.8, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Boukadida, Celia AU - Boukadida C AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Zhang, Fengwen AU - Zhang F AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller Universitygrid.134907.8, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Luna-Villalobos, Yara A AU - Luna-Villalobos YA AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Rodriguez-Rangel, Ximena AU - Rodriguez-Rangel X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5076-4979 AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Piten-Isidro, Elvira AU - Piten-Isidro E AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Luna-Garcia, Edgar AU - Luna-Garcia E AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Diaz Rivera, Dafne AU - Diaz Rivera D AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Lopez-Sanchez, Dulce M AU - Lopez-Sanchez DM AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Tapia-Trejo, Daniela AU - Tapia-Trejo D AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Soto-Nava, Maribel AU - Soto-Nava M AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Astorga-Castaneda, Myriam AU - Astorga-Castaneda M AD - Jurisdiccion Sanitaria Coyoacan, Servicios de Salud Publica de la Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Martinez-Moreno, Jose O AU - Martinez-Moreno JO AD - Jurisdiccion Sanitaria Coyoacan, Servicios de Salud Publica de la Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Urbina-Granados, Guadalupe S AU - Urbina-Granados GS AD - Jurisdiccion Sanitaria Cuajimalpa, Servicios de Salud Publica de la Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Jimenez-Jacinto, Jose A AU - Jimenez-Jacinto JA AD - Jurisdiccion Sanitaria Magdalena Contreras, Servicios de Salud Publica de la Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Serna Alvarado, Francisco J AU - Serna Alvarado FJ AD - Jurisdiccion Sanitaria Iztapalapa, Servicios de Salud Publica de la Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Enriquez-Lopez, Yerania E AU - Enriquez-Lopez YE AD - Jurisdiccion Sanitaria Tlalpan, Servicios de Salud Publica de la Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Lopez-Arellano, Oliva AU - Lopez-Arellano O AD - Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Reyes-Teran, Gustavo AU - Reyes-Teran G AD - Institutos Nacionales de Salud y Hospitales de Alta Especialidad, Secretaria de Salud de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2368-3719 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller Universitygrid.134907.8, New York, New York, USA. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA. FAU - Avila-Rios, Santiago AU - Avila-Rios S AD - Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratoriasgrid.419179.3 Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico. FAU - Hatziioannou, Theodora AU - Hatziioannou T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7889-0766 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller Universitygrid.134907.8, New York, New York, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 AI078788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI165075/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R37 AI064003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220623 PL - United States TA - mBio JT - mBio JID - 101519231 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2022 Feb 08:2022.02.07.22270626. doi: 10.1101/2022.02.07.22270626. PMID: 35169812 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics MH - *Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC9426429 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - infection OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare a conflict of interest. PDB has received compensation from Pfizer for consultation in the areaof SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. TH has received funding from Bristol Myers Squibb for evaluating monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. EDAT- 2022/06/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/03 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/23 CRDT- 2022/06/23 08:33 PHST- 2022/06/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/23 08:33 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00840-22 [pii] AID - mbio.00840-22 [pii] AID - 10.1128/mbio.00840-22 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - mBio. 2022 Aug 30;13(4):e0084022. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00840-22. Epub 2022 Jun 23. PMID- 35733376 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220913 LR - 20260728 IS - 1600-065X (Electronic) IS - 0105-2896 (Print) IS - 0105-2896 (Linking) VI - 310 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Sep TI - Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccines. PG - 27-46 LID - 10.1111/imr.13089 [doi] AB - Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and previous infections. Immunological memory can develop from multiple branches of the adaptive immune system, including CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, B cells, and long-lasting antibody responses. Extraordinary progress has been made in understanding memory to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccines, addressing development; quantitative and qualitative features of different cellular and anatomical compartments; and durability of each cellular component and antibodies. Given the sophistication of the measurements; the size of the human studies; the use of longitudinal samples and cross-sectional studies; and head-to-head comparisons between infection and vaccines or between multiple vaccines, the understanding of immune memory for 1 year to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccines already supersedes that of any other acute infectious disease. This knowledge may help inform public policies regarding COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines, as well as the scientific development of future vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and other diseases. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Immunological Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California, USA. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6484-6262 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California, USA. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA. LA - eng GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI144462/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20220622 PL - England TA - Immunol Rev JT - Immunological reviews JID - 7702118 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9349657 MID - NIHMS1809885 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adenoviral vectors OT - coronavirus OT - hybrid immunity OT - mRNA vaccines OT - memory B cells OT - memory T cells OT - natural immunity OT - protein vaccine COIS- SC has consulted for GSK, JP Morgan, Citi, Morgan Stanley, Avalia NZ, Nutcracker Therapeutics, University of California, California State Universities, United Airlines, and Roche. A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, ImmunoScape, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Avalia, Fortress, Repertoire, Gilead, Gerson Lehrman Group, RiverVest, MedaCorp, and Guggenheim. EDAT- 2022/06/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/22 CRDT- 2022/06/23 02:02 PHST- 2021/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/23 02:02 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IMR13089 [pii] AID - 10.1111/imr.13089 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunol Rev. 2022 Sep;310(1):27-46. doi: 10.1111/imr.13089. Epub 2022 Jun 22. PMID- 35732172 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220701 LR - 20260127 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 39 IP - 13 DP - 2022 Jun 28 TI - Temporal associations of B and T cell immunity with robust vaccine responsiveness in a 16-week interval BNT162b2 regimen. PG - 111013 LID - S2211-1247(22)00802-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111013 [doi] AB - Spacing of BNT162b2 mRNA doses beyond 3 weeks raises concerns about vaccine efficacy. We longitudinally analyze B cell, T cell, and humoral responses to two BNT162b2 mRNA doses administered 16 weeks apart in 53 SARS-CoV-2 naive and previously infected donors. This regimen elicits robust RBD-specific B cell responses whose kinetics differs between cohorts, the second dose leading to increased magnitude in naive participants only. While boosting does not increase magnitude of CD4(+) T cell responses further compared with the first dose, unsupervised clustering of single-cell features reveals phenotypic and functional shifts over time and between cohorts. Integrated analysis shows longitudinal immune component-specific associations, with early T helper responses post first dose correlating with B cell responses after the second dose, and memory T helper generated between doses correlating with CD8 T cell responses after boosting. Therefore, boosting elicits a robust cellular recall response after the 16-week interval, indicating functional immune memory. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Nayrac, Manon AU - Nayrac M AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Dube, Mathieu AU - Dube M AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Sannier, Geremy AU - Sannier G AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Nicolas, Alexandre AU - Nicolas A AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Marchitto, Lorie AU - Marchitto L AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Tastet, Olivier AU - Tastet O AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Tauzin, Alexandra AU - Tauzin A AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Brassard, Nathalie AU - Brassard N AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Lima-Barbosa, Raphael AU - Lima-Barbosa R AD - Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada. FAU - Beaudoin-Bussieres, Guillaume AU - Beaudoin-Bussieres G AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Vezina, Dani AU - Vezina D AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Gong, Shang Yu AU - Gong SY AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada. FAU - Benlarbi, Mehdi AU - Benlarbi M AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Gasser, Romain AU - Gasser R AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Laumaea, Annemarie AU - Laumaea A AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Prevost, Jeremie AU - Prevost J AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Bourassa, Catherine AU - Bourassa C AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Gendron-Lepage, Gabrielle AU - Gendron-Lepage G AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Medjahed, Halima AU - Medjahed H AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Goyette, Guillaume AU - Goyette G AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Ortega-Delgado, Gloria-Gabrielle AU - Ortega-Delgado GG AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Laporte, Melanie AU - Laporte M AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Niessl, Julia AU - Niessl J AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Gokool, Laurie AU - Gokool L AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Morrisseau, Chantal AU - Morrisseau C AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Arlotto, Pascale AU - Arlotto P AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Richard, Jonathan AU - Richard J AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Belair, Justin AU - Belair J AD - Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada. FAU - Prat, Alexandre AU - Prat A AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Tremblay, Cecile AU - Tremblay C AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Martel-Laferriere, Valerie AU - Martel-Laferriere V AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Finzi, Andres AU - Finzi A AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada. Electronic address: andres.finzi@umontreal.ca. FAU - Kaufmann, Daniel E AU - Kaufmann DE AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Departement de Medecine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada. Electronic address: daniel.kaufmann@umontreal.ca. LA - eng GR - 178344/CIHR/Canada GR - 352417/CIHR/Canada GR - 177958/CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220613 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2021 Dec 21:2021.12.18.473317. doi: 10.1101/2021.12.18.473317. PMID: 34981046 MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - RNA, Messenger MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC9189142 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AIM assay OT - B cells OT - CD4 T cell OT - CD4 T cell help OT - CD8 T cell OT - COVID-19 OT - CP: Immunology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Spike glycoproteins OT - coronavirus OT - humoral responses OT - immunological memory OT - longer interval OT - mRNA vaccine OT - vaccine regimen COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/06/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/02 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/13 CRDT- 2022/06/22 18:42 PHST- 2022/01/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/22 18:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(22)00802-6 [pii] AID - 111013 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111013 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2022 Jun 28;39(13):111013. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111013. Epub 2022 Jun 13. PMID- 35730567 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220623 LR - 20220729 IS - 2379-3708 (Electronic) IS - 2379-3708 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Jun 22 TI - Boosting corrects a memory B cell defect in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-vaccinated patients with inflammatory bowel disease. LID - 10.1172/jci.insight.159618 [doi] LID - e159618 AB - Immunosuppressed patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) generate lower amounts of SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies after mRNA vaccination than healthy controls. We assessed SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 receptor binding domain-specific (S1-RBD-specific) B lymphocytes to identify the underlying cellular defects. Patients with IBD produced fewer anti-S1-RBD antibody-secreting B cells than controls after the first mRNA vaccination and lower amounts of total and neutralizing antibodies after the second. S1-RBD-specific memory B cells were generated to the same degree in IBD and control groups and were numerically stable for 5 months. However, the memory B cells in patients with IBD had a lower S1-RBD-binding capacity than those in controls, which is indicative of a defect in antibody affinity maturation. Administration of a third shot to patients with IBD elevated serum antibodies and generated memory B cells with a normal antigen-binding capacity. These results show that patients with IBD have defects in the formation of antibody-secreting B cells and affinity-matured memory B cells that are corrected by a third vaccination. FAU - Pape, Kathryn A AU - Pape KA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology. AD - Center for Immunology. FAU - Dileepan, Thamotharampillai AU - Dileepan T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology. AD - Center for Immunology. FAU - Matchett, William E AU - Matchett WE AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology. AD - Center for Immunology. FAU - Ellwood, Charles AU - Ellwood C AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology. AD - Center for Immunology. FAU - Stresemann, Samuel AU - Stresemann S AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology. AD - Center for Immunology. FAU - Kabage, Amanda J AU - Kabage AJ AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and. FAU - Kozysa, Daria AU - Kozysa D AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and. FAU - Evert, Clayton AU - Evert C AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and. FAU - Matson, Michael AU - Matson M AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and. FAU - Lopez, Sharon AU - Lopez S AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and. FAU - Krueger, Peter D AU - Krueger PD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology. AD - Center for Immunology. FAU - Graiziger, Carolyn T AU - Graiziger CT AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and. FAU - Vaughn, Byron P AU - Vaughn BP AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and. FAU - Shmidt, Eugenia AU - Shmidt E AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and. FAU - Rhein, Joshua AU - Rhein J AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Schacker, Timothy W AU - Schacker TW AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Bold, Tyler D AU - Bold TD AD - Center for Immunology. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Langlois, Ryan A AU - Langlois RA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology. AD - Center for Immunology. FAU - Khoruts, Alexander AU - Khoruts A AD - Center for Immunology. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and. FAU - Jenkins, Marc K AU - Jenkins MK AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology. AD - Center for Immunology. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220622 PL - United States TA - JCI Insight JT - JCI insight JID - 101676073 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - *Inflammatory Bowel Diseases MH - Memory B Cells MH - RNA, Messenger MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC9309052 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive immunity OT - COVID-19 OT - Immunology OT - Inflammatory bowel disease OT - Memory COIS- Conflict of interest: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists. EDAT- 2022/06/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/24 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/22 CRDT- 2022/06/22 06:03 PHST- 2022/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/22 06:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 159618 [pii] AID - 10.1172/jci.insight.159618 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JCI Insight. 2022 Jun 22;7(12):e159618. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.159618. PMID- 35716665 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220712 LR - 20260127 IS - 2666-6340 (Electronic) IS - 2666-6359 (Print) IS - 2666-6340 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul 8 TI - B cell-derived cfDNA after primary BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination anticipates memory B cells and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. PG - 468-480.e5 LID - S2666-6340(22)00221-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.medj.2022.05.005 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Much remains unknown regarding the response of the immune system to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. METHODS: We employed circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to assess the turnover of specific immune cell types following administration of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. FINDINGS: The levels of B cell cfDNA after the primary dose correlated with development of neutralizing antibodies and memory B cells after the booster, revealing a link between early B cell turnover-potentially reflecting affinity maturation-and later development of effective humoral response. We also observed co-elevation of B cell, T cell, and monocyte cfDNA after the booster, underscoring the involvement of innate immune cell turnover in the development of humoral and cellular adaptive immunity. Actual cell counts remained largely stable following vaccination, other than a previously demonstrated temporary reduction in neutrophil and lymphocyte counts. CONCLUSIONS: Immune cfDNA dynamics reveal the crucial role of the primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in shaping responses of the immune system following the booster vaccine. FUNDING: This work was supported by a generous gift from Shlomo Kramer. Supported by grants from Human Islet Research Network (HIRN UC4DK116274 and UC4DK104216 to R.S. and Y.D.), Ernest and Bonnie Beutler Research Program of Excellence in Genomic Medicine, The Alex U Soyka Pancreatic Cancer Fund, The Israel Science Foundation, the Waldholtz/Pakula family, the Robert M. and Marilyn Sternberg Family Charitable Foundation, the Helmsley Charitable Trust, Grail, and the DON Foundation (to Y.D.). Y.D. holds the Walter and Greta Stiel Chair and Research Grant in Heart Studies. I.F.-F. received a fellowship from the Glassman Hebrew University Diabetes Center. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Fox-Fisher, Ilana AU - Fox-Fisher I AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Piyanzin, Sheina AU - Piyanzin S AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Briller, Mayan AU - Briller M AD - Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. FAU - Oiknine-Djian, Esther AU - Oiknine-Djian E AD - Clinical Virology Unit, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Alfi, Or AU - Alfi O AD - Clinical Virology Unit, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Ben-Ami, Roni AU - Ben-Ami R AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Peretz, Ayelet AU - Peretz A AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Neiman, Daniel AU - Neiman D AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Ochana, Bracha-Lea AU - Ochana BL AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Fridlich, Ori AU - Fridlich O AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Drawshy, Zeina AU - Drawshy Z AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Klochendler, Agnes AU - Klochendler A AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Magenheim, Judith AU - Magenheim J AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Share, Danielle AU - Share D AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Avrahami, Ran AU - Avrahami R AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Ribak, Yaarit AU - Ribak Y AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Talmon, Aviv AU - Talmon A AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Rubin, Limor AU - Rubin L AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Milman, Neta AU - Milman N AD - Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. FAU - Segev, Meital AU - Segev M AD - Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. FAU - Feldman, Erik AU - Feldman E AD - Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. FAU - Tal, Yuval AU - Tal Y AD - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Shen-Orr, Shai S AU - Shen-Orr SS AD - Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. FAU - Glaser, Benjamin AU - Glaser B AD - Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Shemer, Ruth AU - Shemer R AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Wolf, Dana AU - Wolf D AD - Clinical Virology Unit, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. FAU - Dor, Yuval AU - Dor Y AD - Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address: yuvald@ekmd.huji.ac.il. LA - eng GR - UC4 DK104216/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - UC4 DK116274/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220519 PL - United States TA - Med JT - Med (New York, N.Y.) JID - 101769215 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Cell-Free Nucleic Acids) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/genetics/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/genetics/immunology MH - *BNT162 Vaccine/administration & dosage MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - *Cell-Free Nucleic Acids/genetics/immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Male MH - Memory B Cells/immunology/metabolism MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC9117261 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - DNA methylation OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Translation to patients OT - cfDNA OT - liquid biopsy OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B-cell OT - neutralizing antibody OT - tissue dynamics COIS- Declaration of interests I.F.-F., B.G., R.S., and Y.D. have filed patents related to DNA methylation markers. EDAT- 2022/06/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/19 CRDT- 2022/06/18 18:42 PHST- 2021/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/18 18:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-6340(22)00221-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.medj.2022.05.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Med. 2022 Jul 8;3(7):468-480.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2022.05.005. Epub 2022 May 19. PMID- 35702684 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231105 IS - 2049-0801 (Print) IS - 2049-0801 (Electronic) IS - 2049-0801 (Linking) VI - 79 DP - 2022 Jul TI - The association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and transverse myelitis: A review. PG - 103870 LID - 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103870 [doi] LID - 103870 AB - In late 2019, the emergence of a new viral strain, later referred to as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) took the shape of a global pandemic, affecting millions of lives and deteriorating economies around the globe. Vaccines were developed at an exceptional rate to combat the viral desolation, all of them being rolled out once they displayed sufficient safety and efficacy. However, assorted adverse events came into attention, one of them being Transverse Myelitis (TM), an infrequent, immune-mediated, focal disease of the spinal cord. This disorder can lead to severe neurological complications including autonomic, sensory, and motor deficits. The literature aims to shed light on TM and its various etiologies, specifically in line with the vaccine, and a comprehensive treatment plan. Discussing and reducing the number of vaccines related adverse events can help succor in bringing down the vaccine hesitancy and ultimately combatting the pandemic. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IJS Publishing Group Ltd. FAU - Naeem, Fatima Naz AU - Naeem FN AD - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Hasan, Syeda Fatima Saba AU - Hasan SFS AD - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Ram, Muskaan Doulat AU - Ram MD AD - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Waseem, Summaiyya AU - Waseem S AD - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Ahmed, Syed Hassan AU - Ahmed SH AD - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Shaikh, Taha Gul AU - Shaikh TG AD - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220609 PL - England TA - Ann Med Surg (Lond) JT - Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) JID - 101616869 PMC - PMC9181565 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Coronavirus OT - Neurological manifestation OT - Transverse myelitis OT - Vaccine COIS- N/A. EDAT- 2022/06/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/16 06:01 PMCR- 2022/06/09 CRDT- 2022/06/15 02:17 PHST- 2022/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/15 02:17 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/16 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2049-0801(22)00630-6 [pii] AID - 103870 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103870 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Jun 9;79:103870. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103870. eCollection 2022 Jul. PMID- 35699579 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221123 LR - 20221219 IS - 1527-1315 (Electronic) IS - 0033-8419 (Print) IS - 0033-8419 (Linking) VI - 305 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Dec TI - Thrombus Distribution in Vaccine-induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination. PG - 590-596 LID - 10.1148/radiol.220365 [doi] AB - Vaccination strategies have been at the forefront of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. An association between vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) and one of these vaccines, the ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine, is now recognized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency and location of thrombosis in each vascular system using CT, MRI, and US to identify additional sites of thrombus in a United Kingdom-wide sample of patients with confirmed VITT. Thirty-two radiology centers identified through the national collaborative Radiology Academic Network for Trainees were invited from the United Kingdom; seven of these contributed to this study. All patients with confirmed VITT notbetween February 3 and May 12, 2021, who met the inclusion criteria were included. The location and extent of thrombi were evaluated using CT, MRI, and US. A total of 40 patients (median age, 41 years [IQR, 32-52]; 22 [55%] men) with confirmed vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia after administration of their first ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine were included. Thirty-two patients (80%) developed symptoms within the first 14 days, and eight (20%) developed symptoms within 14-28 days. Twenty-nine patients (72%) experienced neurologic symptoms and were confirmed to have cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, 12 (30%) had clinical deterioration and repeat imaging demonstrated extension of their primary thrombus, and eight (20%) died. Twenty-five of 30 patients (83%) who underwent additional imaging had occult thrombosis. In conclusion, patients with VITT are likely to have multiple sites of thrombosis, with the most frequent being cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in combination with pulmonary embolism and portomesenteric venous thrombosis. Whole-body imaging with contrast-enhanced CT can be used to identify occult thrombosis. CI - (c) RSNA, 2022. FAU - Rogers, Priya AU - Rogers P AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Walker, Ieuan AU - Walker I AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Yeung, Jason AU - Yeung J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2415-4824 AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Khan, Abeera AU - Khan A AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Gangi, Anmol AU - Gangi A AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Mobashwera, Behnaz AU - Mobashwera B AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Ayto, Robert AU - Ayto R AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Shah, Ali AU - Shah A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7343-8834 AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Hermans, Joannes AU - Hermans J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5703-512X AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Murchison, Andrew AU - Murchison A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8886-9891 AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Benger, Matthew AU - Benger M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3109-3188 AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Apap Mangion, Sean AU - Apap Mangion S AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Mehta, Puja R AU - Mehta PR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0255-407X AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Sztriha, Laszlo AU - Sztriha L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4639-3180 AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Ghatorae, Simrit AU - Ghatorae S AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Craven, Brian AU - Craven B AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Scully, Marie AU - Scully M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2443-6517 AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Bray, Timothy AU - Bray T AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - Hall-Craggs, Margaret AU - Hall-Craggs M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8734-4065 AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). FAU - von Stempel, Conrad AU - von Stempel C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3088-2775 AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). CN - RADIANT Group AD - From the Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (P.R., I.W.); Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, UCH Podium 2, London NW1 2BU, UK (J.Y., B.C., M.S., T.B., M.H.C., C.v.S.); Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK (A.K., A.G., B.M., R.A.); Department of Imaging, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK (A.S., J.H.); Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (A.M.); Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK (M.B., S.A.M., P.R.M., L.S.); Department of Imaging, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (S.G.); Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, UK (A.S., T.B., M.H.C.); Radiology Academic Network for Trainees (RADIANT), London, UK (P.R., J.Y., A.K., A.G., A.M., M.B., T.B., M.H.C.). LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220614 PL - United States TA - Radiology JT - Radiology JID - 0401260 RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Male MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - Female MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - Pandemics MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Thrombocytopenia/chemically induced/diagnostic imaging MH - *Vaccines MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - *Thrombosis MH - *Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial PMC - PMC9219093 COIS- Disclosures of conflicts of interest: P.R. No relevant relationships. I.W. No relevant relationships. J.Y. No relevant relationships. A.K. No relevant relationships. A.G. No relevant relationships. B.M. No relevant relationships. R.A. Honoraria from Janssen, Abbvie, and MRD; travel and meeting support from Abbvie, Celgene, Takeda, and Janssen. A.S. No relevant relationships. J.H. Honoraria from Bayer and Pfizer; travel and meeting support from Novartis, Bayer, Sobi, and Novo Nordisk. A.M. No relevant relationships. M.B. No relevant relationships. S.A.M. No relevant relationships. P.R.M. No relevant relationships. L.S. No relevant relationships. S.G. No relevant relationships. B.C. No relevant relationships. M.S. No relevant relationships. T.B. National Institute for Health Research clinical lectureship. M.H.C. No relevant relationships. C.v.S. Payment for a seminar from Penumbra Medical; travel grant from the British Society of Interventional Radiology. EDAT- 2022/06/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/24 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/14 CRDT- 2022/06/14 09:52 PHST- 2022/06/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/14 09:52 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1148/radiol.220365 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiology. 2022 Dec;305(3):590-596. doi: 10.1148/radiol.220365. Epub 2022 Jun 14. PMID- 35696935 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220708 LR - 20221221 IS - 1525-5069 (Electronic) IS - 1525-5050 (Print) IS - 1525-5050 (Linking) VI - 133 DP - 2022 Aug TI - COVID-19 vaccine-related frequently asked questions (FAQs) by people with epilepsy and carers in Iran; educational video is included. PG - 108763 LID - S1525-5050(22)00212-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108763 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to inquire the questions and concerns of people with epilepsy (PWE) about COVID-19 vaccines in order to provide a more realistic list of their frequently asked questions (FAQs). METHODS: We surveyed all the consecutive PWE or their care-givers who were referred to our neurology clinics (Shiraz University of Medical Sciences) during January-February 2022. We collected their questions and concerns in relation to COVID vaccines based on a predesigned brief questionnaire. Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from the participants. RESULTS: In total, 452 people participated in the study; 291 people (64.4%) did not have any questions or concerns with regard to the COVID-19 vaccination. Having any questions or concerns about COVID-19 vaccination was significantly associated with not being vaccinated. Questions and concerns about the adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines [seizure worsening, general adverse effects, long-term effects (e.g., infertility, cognitive dysfunction)] were by far the most common questions by people with epilepsy and their carers. CONCLUSION: Our findings may be used by policy-makers to prepare appropriate educational materials to provide the best targeted and tailored information to people with epilepsy and their carers to convince them of the necessity and safety of COVID-19 vaccination. Such an educational material must include enough information on the associated adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines and should also discuss some other important issues such as indications of these vaccines in special populations and drug-vaccine interactions. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Asadi-Pooya, Ali A AU - Asadi-Pooya AA AD - Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA. Electronic address: aliasadipooya@yahoo.com. FAU - Karimi, Afrooz AU - Karimi A AD - Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Razavizadegan, Seyed Mohammad Ali AU - Razavizadegan SMA AD - Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Ashjazadeh, Nahid AU - Ashjazadeh N AD - Department of Neurology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Nemati, Hamid AU - Nemati H AD - Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220519 PL - United States TA - Epilepsy Behav JT - Epilepsy & behavior : E&B JID - 100892858 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Caregivers MH - *Epilepsy/psychology MH - Humans MH - Iran/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Vaccines PMC - PMC9117255 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Coronavirus OT - Epilepsy OT - Seizure OT - Vaccine EDAT- 2022/06/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/19 CRDT- 2022/06/13 18:24 PHST- 2022/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/13 18:24 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1525-5050(22)00212-8 [pii] AID - 108763 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108763 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Epilepsy Behav. 2022 Aug;133:108763. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108763. Epub 2022 May 19. PMID- 35687921 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220712 LR - 20230328 IS - 1532-2653 (Electronic) IS - 0967-5868 (Print) IS - 0967-5868 (Linking) VI - 102 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Meaningful use of imaging resources to rule out cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccination: Evaluation of the AHA diagnostic algorithm with a clinical cohort and a systematic data review. PG - 5-12 LID - S0967-5868(22)00245-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.05.031 [doi] AB - Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVST) is an improbable (0.0005%), however potentially lethal complication after ChAdOx1 vaccination. On the other hand, headache is among the most frequent side effects of ChAdOx1 (29.3%). In September 2021, the American Heart Association (AHA) suggested a diagnostic workflow to facilitate risk-adapted use of imaging resources for patients with neurological symptoms after ChAdOx1. We aimed to evaluate the AHA workflow in a retrospective patient cohort presenting at four primary care hospitals in Germany for neurological complaints after ChAdOx1. Scientific literature was screened for case reports of VITT with CVST after ChAdOx1, published until September 1st, 2021. One-hundred-thirteen consecutive patients (77 female, mean age 38.7 +/- 11.9 years) were evaluated at our institutes, including one case of VITT with CVST. Further 228 case reports of VITT with CVST are published in recent literature, which share thrombocytopenia (225/227 reported) and elevated d-dimer levels (100/101 reported). The AHA workflow would have recognized all VITT cases with CVST (100% sensitivity), the number needed to diagnose (NND) was 1:113. Initial evaluation of thrombocytopenia or elevated d-dimer levels would have lowered the NND to 1:68, without cost of sensitivity. Hence, we suggest that in case of normal thrombocyte and d-dimer levels, the access to further diagnostics should be limited by the established clinical considerations regardless of vaccination history. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Fervers, Philipp AU - Fervers P AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: Philipp.Fervers@uk-koeln.de. FAU - Kottlors, Jonathan AU - Kottlors J AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: Jonathan.Kottlors@uk-koeln.de. FAU - Persigehl, Thorsten AU - Persigehl T AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: Thorsten.Persigehl@uk-koeln.de. FAU - Lennartz, Simon AU - Lennartz S AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: Simon.Lennartz@uk-koeln.de. FAU - Maus, Volker AU - Maus V AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer, University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. Electronic address: Volker.Maus@kk-bochum.de. FAU - Fischer, Sebastian AU - Fischer S AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer, University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. Electronic address: Sebastian.Fischer@kk-bochum.de. FAU - Styczen, Hanna AU - Styczen H AD - Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. Electronic address: Hanna.Styczen@uk-essen.de. FAU - Deuschl, Cornelius AU - Deuschl C AD - Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. Electronic address: Cornelius.Deuschl@uk-essen.de. FAU - Schlamann, Marc AU - Schlamann M AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: Marc.Schlamann@uk-koeln.de. FAU - Mpotsaris, Anastasios AU - Mpotsaris A AD - University Clinic for Neuroradiology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. Electronic address: Anastasios.Mpotsaris@med.ovgu.de. FAU - Zubel, Seraphine AU - Zubel S AD - University Clinic for Neuroradiology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. Electronic address: Seraphine.Zubel@med.ovgu.de. FAU - Schroeter, Michael AU - Schroeter M AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: Michael.Schroeter@uk-koeln.de. FAU - Maintz, David AU - Maintz D AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: David.Maintz@uk-koeln.de. FAU - Fink, Gereon Rudolf AU - Fink GR AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Julich, Julich, Germany. Electronic address: G.R.Fink@fz-juelich.de. FAU - Abdullayev, Nuran AU - Abdullayev N AD - Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: Nuran.Abdullayev@uk-koeln.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20220606 PL - Scotland TA - J Clin Neurosci JT - Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia JID - 9433352 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Algorithms MH - COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Meaningful Use MH - Middle Aged MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/diagnostic imaging/etiology PMC - PMC9167954 OTO - NOTNLM OT - American Heart Association OT - Headache OT - Intracranial thrombosis OT - Meaningful use OT - Vaccines COIS- The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: DM is on the speaker's bureau of Philips Healthcare. AM is a consultant for Stryker, Perflow, Phenox and Balt. SF is a consultant for Microvention. MS received personal honoraria from Alexion, Biogen, Gilead, Roche, and Sanofi. All other authors have nothing to disclose. EDAT- 2022/06/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/06 CRDT- 2022/06/10 18:13 PHST- 2022/03/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/10 18:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0967-5868(22)00245-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.05.031 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Neurosci. 2022 Aug;102:5-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.05.031. Epub 2022 Jun 6. PMID- 35681012 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220704 LR - 20260813 IS - 2058-5276 (Electronic) IS - 2058-5276 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Inactivated whole-virion vaccine BBV152/Covaxin elicits robust cellular immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern. PG - 974-985 LID - 10.1038/s41564-022-01161-5 [doi] AB - BBV152 is a whole-virion inactivated vaccine based on the Asp614Gly variant. BBV152 is the first alum-imidazoquinolin-adjuvanted vaccine authorized for use in large populations. Here we characterized the magnitude, quality and persistence of cellular and humoral memory responses up to 6 months post vaccination. We report that the magnitude of vaccine-induced spike and nucleoprotein antibodies was comparable with that produced after infection. Receptor binding domain-specific antibodies declined against variants in the order of Alpha (B.1.1.7; 3-fold), Delta (B.1.617.2; 7-fold) and Beta (B.1.351; 10-fold). However, pseudovirus neutralizing antibodies declined up to 2-fold against the Delta followed by the Beta variant (1.7-fold). Vaccine-induced memory B cells were also affected by the Delta and Beta variants. The SARS-CoV-2-specific multicytokine-expressing CD4(+) T cells were found in ~85% of vaccinated individuals. Only a ~1.3-fold reduction in efficacy was observed in CD4(+) T cells against the Beta variant. We found that antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells were present in the central memory compartment and persisted for at least up to 6 months post vaccination. Vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells were detected in ~50% of individuals. Importantly, the vaccine was capable of inducing follicular T helper cells that exhibited B-cell help potential. These findings show that inactivated vaccine BBV152 induces robust immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern that persists for at least 6 months after vaccination. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Vikkurthi, Rajesh AU - Vikkurthi R AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Ansari, Asgar AU - Ansari A AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Pai, Anupama R AU - Pai AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0361-0237 AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Jha, Someshwar Nath AU - Jha SN AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Sachan, Shilpa AU - Sachan S AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Pandit, Suvechchha AU - Pandit S AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Nikam, Bhushan AU - Nikam B AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kalia, Anurag AU - Kalia A AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Jit, Bimal Prasad AU - Jit BP AD - Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Parray, Hilal Ahmad AU - Parray HA AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India. FAU - Singh, Savita AU - Singh S AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India. FAU - Kshetrapal, Pallavi AU - Kshetrapal P AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India. FAU - Wadhwa, Nitya AU - Wadhwa N AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India. FAU - Shrivastava, Tripti AU - Shrivastava T AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India. FAU - Coshic, Poonam AU - Coshic P AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kumar, Suresh AU - Kumar S AD - Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Sharma, Pragya AU - Sharma P AD - Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Sharma, Nandini AU - Sharma N AD - Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Taneja, Juhi AU - Taneja J AD - ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, India. FAU - Pandey, Anil K AU - Pandey AK AD - ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, India. FAU - Sharma, Ashok AU - Sharma A AD - Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Thiruvengadam, Ramachandran AU - Thiruvengadam R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9195-2730 AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2209-5966 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7013-2250 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Bhatnagar, Shinjini AU - Bhatnagar S AD - Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India. FAU - Gupta, Nimesh AU - Gupta N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9433-8448 AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. nimesh.gupta@nii.ac.in. LA - eng GR - 75N93019C00065/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220609 PL - England TA - Nat Microbiol JT - Nature microbiology JID - 101674869 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccines, Inactivated MH - *Viral Vaccines MH - Virion PMC - PMC13238156 MID - NIHMS2169227 COIS- Competing interests N.G. and A.A. are listed as inventors on Indian patent application no. 202111003148 filed in 2021 (submitted by NII) that covers the use of 'T-cell qualitative immunoassay' for vaccine evaluation. A. Sette is consultant for GritstoneBio, FlowPharma, ArcturusTherapeutics, ImmunoScape, CellCarta, Avalia, Moderna, Fortress and Repertoire. LJI has filed USA patent protection for various aspects of T-cell epitope and vaccine design work. All other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/06/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/06 06:00 PMCR- 2026/06/05 CRDT- 2022/06/10 00:27 PHST- 2021/11/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/10 00:27 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41564-022-01161-5 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41564-022-01161-5 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Microbiol. 2022 Jul;7(7):974-985. doi: 10.1038/s41564-022-01161-5. Epub 2022 Jun 9. PMID- 35672709 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220609 LR - 20220716 IS - 1471-2377 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2377 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jun 7 TI - Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine induced acute stroke-like focal neurologic symptoms: a case series. PG - 210 LID - 10.1186/s12883-022-02739-6 [doi] LID - 210 AB - BACKGROUND: A subgroup of individuals experienced stroke-like symptoms after receiving an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. We present clinical characteristics, neuroimaging, and outcome of these patients. METHODS: Medical personals who had neurological symptoms after receiving inactivated COVID-19 vaccine were enrolled. Clinical, laboratory investigation and neuroimaging were collected. Subjects were prospectively followed-up on clinical and neuroimaging to detect brain parenchymal or cerebrovascular abnormality. RESULTS: Nineteen out of 385 subjects (4.9%) developed neurological symptoms after vaccination. There was a female predominance (89.5%) with mean age of 34 +/- 7.5 years. Majority of patients (52.6%) had symptoms within 60 min after vaccination. The most common neurological symptoms were numbness (94.7%) followed by headache (52.6%) and weakness (47.4%). The most common neurological signs were sensory deficit (79%) followed by motor weakness (52.6%) and tongue deviation (26.3%). Recurrent headache was observed in most patients (89.5%) during followed up. Serial brain imaging was done in all patients with median follow-up interval of 18 days. There was no evidence of acute brain infarction in any of the patients, 84.2% had no vascular abnormality, 15.8% had transient focal narrowing of cerebral vessels. Outcome was favorable, modified ranking scale 0-1 for all patients at 4 weeks after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Transient focal neurological symptoms and deficits can be found after COVID-19 vaccination. However, benefit to stop COVID-19 pandemic by vaccination is outweighed by these seemingly reversible side effects. The pathophysiology underlined these phenomena should be further investigated. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Roongpiboonsopit, Duangnapa AU - Roongpiboonsopit D AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Mueang, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand. Duangnapar@nu.ac.th. FAU - Nithisathienchai, Chichaya AU - Nithisathienchai C AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Mueang, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand. FAU - Akarathanawat, Wasan AU - Akarathanawat W AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Chulalongkorn Comprehensive Stroke Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Lertutsahakul, Krittanon AU - Lertutsahakul K AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Tantivattana, Jarturon AU - Tantivattana J AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Viswanathan, Anand AU - Viswanathan A AD - Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Suwanwela, Nijasri Charnnarong AU - Suwanwela NC AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Chulalongkorn Comprehensive Stroke Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Chula Neuroscience Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220607 PL - England TA - BMC Neurol JT - BMC neurology JID - 100968555 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Female MH - Headache/etiology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Stroke/etiology PMC - PMC9170873 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Case series OT - Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine OT - Neurological complication OT - Stroke-like symptoms COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/06/08 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/10 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/07 CRDT- 2022/06/07 23:40 PHST- 2021/11/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/07 23:40 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12883-022-02739-6 [pii] AID - 2739 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12883-022-02739-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Neurol. 2022 Jun 7;22(1):210. doi: 10.1186/s12883-022-02739-6. PMID- 35663948 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220608 LR - 20231105 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Long-Lived Immunity in SARS-CoV-2-Recovered Children and Its Neutralizing Capacity Against Omicron. PG - 882456 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882456 [doi] LID - 882456 AB - SARS-CoV-2 infection is effectively controlled by humoral and cellular immune responses. However, the durability of immunity in children as well as the ability to neutralize variants of concern are unclear. Here, we assessed T cell and antibody responses in a longitudinal cohort of children after asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 over a 12-month period. Antigen-specific CD4 T cells remained stable over time, while CD8 T cells declined. SARS-CoV-2 infection induced long-lived neutralizing antibodies against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 (D614G isolate), but with poor cross-neutralization of omicron. Importantly, recall responses to vaccination in children with pre-existing immunity yielded neutralizing antibody activities against D614G and omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants that were 3.9-fold, 9.9-fold and 14-fold higher than primary vaccine responses in seronegative children. Together, our findings demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 infection in children induces robust memory T cells and antibodies that persist for more than 12 months, but lack neutralizing activity against omicron. Vaccination of pre-immune children, however, substantially improves the omicron-neutralizing capacity. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Sieber, Mayer, Schmidthaler, Kopanja, Camp, Popovitsch, Dwivedi, Hoz, Schoof, Weseslindtner, Szepfalusi, Stiasny and Aberle. FAU - Sieber, Justyna AU - Sieber J AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Mayer, Margareta AU - Mayer M AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Schmidthaler, Klara AU - Schmidthaler K AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kopanja, Sonja AU - Kopanja S AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Camp, Jeremy V AU - Camp JV AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Popovitsch, Amelie AU - Popovitsch A AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Dwivedi, Varsha AU - Dwivedi V AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Hoz, Jakub AU - Hoz J AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Schoof, Anja AU - Schoof A AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Weseslindtner, Lukas AU - Weseslindtner L AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Szepfalusi, Zsolt AU - Szepfalusi Z AD - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Stiasny, Karin AU - Stiasny K AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Aberle, Judith H AU - Aberle JH AD - Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220517 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9157051 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells OT - children OT - immune memory OT - neutralization OT - omicron OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/06/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/17 CRDT- 2022/06/06 14:08 PHST- 2022/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/06 14:08 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882456 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 May 17;13:882456. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882456. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35654046 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220624 LR - 20220719 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Jun 21 TI - SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant escapes neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses more efficiently than other variants in mild COVID-19 convalescents. PG - 100651 LID - S2666-3791(22)00183-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100651 [doi] LID - 100651 AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescents living in regions with low vaccination rates rely on post-infection immunity for protection against re-infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We evaluate humoral and T cell immunity against five variants of concern (VOCs) in mild-COVID-19 convalescents at 12 months after infection with ancestral virus. In this cohort, ancestral, receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibody and circulating memory B cell levels are conserved in most individuals, and yet serum neutralization against live B.1.1.529 (Omicron) is completely abrogated and significantly reduced for other VOCs. Likewise, ancestral SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cell frequencies are maintained in >50% of convalescents, but the cytokine response in these cells to mutated spike epitopes corresponding to B.1.1.529 and B.1.351 (Beta) VOCs were impaired. These results indicate that increased antigen variability in VOCs impairs humoral and spike-specific T cell immunity post-infection, strongly suggesting that COVID-19 convalescents are vulnerable and at risk of re-infection with VOCs, thus stressing the importance of vaccination programs. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Garcia-Valtanen, Pablo AU - Garcia-Valtanen P AD - Viral Immunology Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Hope, Christopher M AU - Hope CM AD - Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Women's and Children's Health Network, North Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Masavuli, Makutiro G AU - Masavuli MG AD - Viral Immunology Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Yeow, Arthur Eng Lip AU - Yeow AEL AD - Viral Immunology Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Balachandran, Harikrishnan AU - Balachandran H AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Mekonnen, Zelalem A AU - Mekonnen ZA AD - Viral Immunology Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Al-Delfi, Zahraa AU - Al-Delfi Z AD - Viral Immunology Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Abayasingam, Arunasingam AU - Abayasingam A AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Agapiou, David AU - Agapiou D AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Stella, Alberto Ospina AU - Stella AO AD - The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Aggarwal, Anupriya AU - Aggarwal A AD - The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bouras, George AU - Bouras G AD - Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide and the Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South, SA, Australia. FAU - Gummow, Jason AU - Gummow J AD - Gene Silencing and Expression Core Facility, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Ferguson, Catherine AU - Ferguson C AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - O'Connor, Stephanie AU - O'Connor S AD - Intensive Care Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - McCartney, Erin M AU - McCartney EM AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Lynn, David J AU - Lynn DJ AD - Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia. FAU - Maddern, Guy AU - Maddern G AD - Discipline of Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. FAU - Gowans, Eric J AU - Gowans EJ AD - Viral Immunology Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Reddi, Benjamin A J AU - Reddi BAJ AD - Intensive Care Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Shaw, David AU - Shaw D AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Kok-Lim, Chuan AU - Kok-Lim C AD - Gene Silencing and Expression Core Facility, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Beard, Michael R AU - Beard MR AD - Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Turville, Stuart G AU - Turville SG AD - The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bull, Rowena A AU - Bull RA AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Barry, Simon C AU - Barry SC AD - Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Women's and Children's Health Network, North Adelaide, SA, Australia. Electronic address: simon.barry@adelaide.edu.au. FAU - Grubor-Bauk, Branka AU - Grubor-Bauk B AD - Viral Immunology Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA, Australia. Electronic address: branka.grubor@adelaide.edu.au. LA - eng GR - 75N93021C00016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220517 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Reinfection MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics MH - *T-Lymphocytes PMC - PMC9110310 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell immunity OT - Variant of Concern OT - antibody response OT - antigen drift OT - memory B cells OT - virus neutralization COIS- Declaration of interests A.S. is currently a consultant for Gritstone, Flow Pharma, Arcturus, Epitogenesis, Oxfordimmunotech, Caprion, and Avalia. La Jolla Institute for Immunology (A.S. and D.W.) has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. P.G.-V., C.M.H., M.G.M., A.E.L.Y., H.B., Z.A.M., Z.A.-D., A. Abayasingam, D.A., A.O.S., A. Aggarwal, G.B., J.G., C.F., S.O., E.M.M., D.J.L., G.M., E.J.G., B.A.J.R., D.S., C.K.-L., S.G.T., M.R.B., D.W., R.A.B., S.C.B., and B.G.-B. declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/06/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/25 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/17 CRDT- 2022/06/02 18:43 PHST- 2021/12/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/02 18:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(22)00183-5 [pii] AID - 100651 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100651 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2022 Jun 21;3(6):100651. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100651. Epub 2022 May 17. PMID- 35653438 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220920 LR - 20260127 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 75 DP - 2022 Sep 16 TI - Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection drives cross-variant neutralization and memory B cell formation against conserved epitopes. PG - eabq2427 LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq2427 [doi] LID - eabq2427 AB - Omicron is the evolutionarily most distinct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant of concern (VOC) to date. We report that Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection in BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals resulted in strong neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.1, BA.2, and previous SARS-CoV-2 VOCs but not against the Omicron sublineages BA.4 and BA.5. BA.1 breakthrough infection induced a robust recall response, primarily expanding memory B (B(MEM)) cells against epitopes shared broadly among variants, rather than inducing BA.1-specific B cells. The vaccination-imprinted B(MEM) cell pool had sufficient plasticity to be remodeled by heterologous SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein exposure. Whereas selective amplification of B(MEM) cells recognizing shared epitopes allows for effective neutralization of most variants that evade previously established immunity, susceptibility to escape by variants that acquire alterations at hitherto conserved sites may be heightened. FAU - Quandt, Jasmin AU - Quandt J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9589-9941 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Muik, Alexander AU - Muik A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4561-2273 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Salisch, Nadine AU - Salisch N AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Lui, Bonny Gaby AU - Lui BG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8260-5075 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Lutz, Sebastian AU - Lutz S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8415-6437 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Kruger, Kimberly AU - Kruger K AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Wallisch, Ann-Kathrin AU - Wallisch AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5450-3218 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Adams-Quack, Petra AU - Adams-Quack P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0056-0844 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Bacher, Maren AU - Bacher M AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Finlayson, Andrew AU - Finlayson A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0793-7878 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Ozhelvaci, Orkun AU - Ozhelvaci O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9841-3369 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Vogler, Isabel AU - Vogler I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9757-9618 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Grikscheit, Katharina AU - Grikscheit K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1102-078X AD - Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Hoehl, Sebastian AU - Hoehl S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5100-9385 AD - Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Goetsch, Udo AU - Goetsch U AD - Health Protection Authority, City of Frankfurt, 60313 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Ciesek, Sandra AU - Ciesek S AD - Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. AD - DZIF-German Centre for Infection Research, External Partner Site, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Tureci, Ozlem AU - Tureci O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0623-1497 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. AD - HI-TRON-Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology Mainz by DKFZ, Obere Zahlbacherstr. 63, 55131 Mainz, Germany. FAU - Sahin, Ugur AU - Sahin U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0363-1564 AD - BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. AD - TRON gGmbH-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Freiligrathstrasse 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04380701 SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04949490 SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04380701 SI - EudraCT/2020-001038-36 SI - EudraCT/2021-002387-50 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220916 PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Membrane Glycoproteins) RN - 0 (Viral Envelope Proteins) SB - IM CIN - Sci Immunol. 2022 Aug 26;7(74):eabq5901. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq5901. PMID: 35653497 MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19 MH - Epitopes MH - Humans MH - Membrane Glycoproteins MH - Memory B Cells MH - Neutralization Tests MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Viral Envelope Proteins PMC - PMC9162083 EDAT- 2022/06/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/21 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/02 CRDT- 2022/06/02 14:03 PHST- 2022/06/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/02 14:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - abq2427 [pii] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq2427 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2022 Sep 16;7(75):eabq2427. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq2427. Epub 2022 Sep 16. PMID- 35640838 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220718 LR - 20221227 IS - 1872-9649 (Electronic) IS - 1568-1637 (Print) IS - 1568-1637 (Linking) VI - 79 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Is COVID-19 really a geriatric syndrome? PG - 101657 LID - S1568-1637(22)00099-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101657 [doi] AB - Geriatric syndromes are a group of medical conditions, such as cognitive impairment, delirium, frailty, dizziness, syncope, and incontinence, associated with age increase. Many studies have reported a higher mortality rate for older COVID-19 patients, which could be explained by the complications of COVID-19, including the components of geriatric syndromes. We read with great interest the paper "Prevalence of unwillingness and uncertainty to vaccinate against COVID-19 in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis" by Nicola Veronese et al. Their valuable work determines how uncertainty and unwillingness towards receiving the COVID-19 vaccine are more prevalent among older adults and how this hesitancy could affect vaccine uptake, and ultimately, the mortality rate. Regarding this paper, we wish to address some points. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Akbarzadeh, Mohammad Amin AU - Akbarzadeh MA AD - Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Iranian Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) Centre, Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz, Iran. FAU - Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar AU - Hosseini MS AD - Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Iranian Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) Centre, Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: hosseini.msalar@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220529 PL - England TA - Ageing Res Rev JT - Ageing research reviews JID - 101128963 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Geriatric Assessment MH - Humans MH - Prevalence MH - Syndrome PMC - PMC9148424 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Geriatric syndrome OT - Immunosenescence OT - Older adults OT - Vaccination EDAT- 2022/06/01 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/19 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/29 CRDT- 2022/05/31 19:26 PHST- 2022/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/31 19:26 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1568-1637(22)00099-X [pii] AID - 101657 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101657 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ageing Res Rev. 2022 Aug;79:101657. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101657. Epub 2022 May 29. PMID- 35632452 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220716 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 5 DP - 2022 Apr 29 TI - The Effect of Waning on Antibody Levels and Memory B Cell Recall following SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Vaccination. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10050696 [doi] LID - 696 AB - In order to longitudinally track SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels after vaccination or infection, we assessed anti-RBD antibody levels in over 1000 people and found no significant decrease in antibody levels during the first 14 months after infection in unvaccinated participants, however, a significant waning of antibody levels was observed following vaccination. Participants who were pre-immune to SARS-CoV-2 prior to vaccination seroconverted to higher antibody levels, which were maintained at higher levels than in previously infected, unvaccinated participants. Older participants exhibited lower level of antibodies after vaccination, but a higher level after infection than younger people. The rate of antibody waning was not affected by pre-immunity or age. Participants who received a third dose of an mRNA vaccine not only increased their antibody levels ~14-fold, but also had ~3 times more antibodies compared to when they received their primary vaccine series. PBMC-derived memory B cells from 13 participants who lost all circulating antibodies were differentiated into antibody secreting cells (ASCs). There was a significant recall of memory B cell ASCs in the absence of serum antibodies in 5-8 of the 10 vaccinated participants, but not in any of the 3 infected participants, suggesting a strong connection between antibody levels and the effectiveness of memory B cell recall. FAU - Forgacs, David AU - Forgacs D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3553-3320 AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA. FAU - Silva-Moraes, Vanessa AU - Silva-Moraes V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2991-7210 AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA. FAU - Sautto, Giuseppe A AU - Sautto GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0273-2235 AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA. FAU - Hanley, Hannah B AU - Hanley HB AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA. FAU - Gattiker, Jasper L AU - Gattiker JL AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA. FAU - Jefferson, Alexandria M AU - Jefferson AM AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA. FAU - Kolhe, Ravindra AU - Kolhe R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8283-2403 AD - Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. FAU - Ross, Ted M AU - Ross TM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1947-7469 AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA. LA - eng GR - 75N93019C00052/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002378/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - GRA-001/Georgia Research Alliance/ GR - UGA-001/University of Georgia/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220429 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 UOF - bioRxiv. 2022 Mar 17:2022.03.16.484099. doi: 10.1101/2022.03.16.484099. PMID: 35313572 PMC - PMC9143792 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody decay OT - antibody secreting cells OT - infection OT - memory B cell recall OT - pre-immunity OT - vaccination OT - waning COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/05/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/29 06:01 PMCR- 2022/04/29 CRDT- 2022/05/28 01:43 PHST- 2022/04/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/28 01:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/29 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10050696 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-00696 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10050696 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Apr 29;10(5):696. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10050696. PMID- 35626377 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240829 IS - 2075-4418 (Print) IS - 2075-4418 (Electronic) IS - 2075-4418 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May 13 TI - Utility of Bulk T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Sequencing Analysis in Understanding Immune Responses to COVID-19. LID - 10.3390/diagnostics12051222 [doi] LID - 1222 AB - Measuring immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), can rely on antibodies, reactive T cells and other factors, with T-cell-mediated responses appearing to have greater sensitivity and longevity. Because each T cell carries an essentially unique nucleic acid sequence for its T-cell receptor (TCR), we can interrogate sequence data derived from DNA or RNA to assess aspects of the immune response. This review deals with the utility of bulk, rather than single-cell, sequencing of TCR repertoires, considering the importance of study design, in terms of cohort selection, laboratory methods and analysis. The advances in understanding SARS-CoV-2 immunity that have resulted from bulk TCR repertoire sequencing are also be discussed. The complexity of sequencing data obtained by bulk repertoire sequencing makes analysis challenging, but simple descriptive analyses, clonal analysis, searches for specific sequences associated with immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, motif-based analyses, and machine learning approaches have all been applied. TCR repertoire sequencing has demonstrated early expansion followed by contraction of SARS-CoV-2-specific clonotypes, during active infection. Maintenance of TCR repertoire diversity, including the maintenance of diversity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 response, predicts a favourable outcome. TCR repertoire narrowing in severe COVID-19 is most likely a consequence of COVID-19-associated lymphopenia. It has been possible to follow clonotypic sequences longitudinally, which has been particularly valuable for clonotypes known to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 peptide/MHC tetramer binding or with SARS-CoV-2 peptide-induced cytokine responses. Closely related clonotypes to these previously identified sequences have been shown to respond with similar kinetics during infection. A possible superantigen-like effect of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein has been identified, by means of observing V-segment skewing in patients with severe COVID-19, together with structural modelling. Such a superantigen-like activity, which is apparently absent from other coronaviruses, may be the basis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome and cytokine storms in COVID-19. Bulk TCR repertoire sequencing has proven to be a useful and cost-effective approach to understanding interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and the human host, with the potential to inform the design of therapeutics and vaccines, as well as to provide invaluable pathogenetic and epidemiological insights. FAU - Kockelbergh, Hannah AU - Kockelbergh H AD - Department of Health Data Science, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GF, UK. FAU - Evans, Shelley AU - Evans S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3242-6017 AD - Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK. FAU - Deng, Tong AU - Deng T AD - Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK. FAU - Clyne, Ella AU - Clyne E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8945-4508 AD - Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK. FAU - Kyriakidou, Anna AU - Kyriakidou A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8964-8345 AD - School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK. FAU - Economou, Andreas AU - Economou A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3305-5804 AD - School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK. FAU - Luu Hoang, Kim Ngan AU - Luu Hoang KN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5670-1832 AD - Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK. FAU - Woodmansey, Stephen AU - Woodmansey S AD - Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK. AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay, Kendal LA9 7RG, UK. FAU - Foers, Andrew AU - Foers A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5036-7906 AD - Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7YF, UK. FAU - Fowler, Anna AU - Fowler A AD - Department of Health Data Science, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GF, UK. FAU - Soilleux, Elizabeth J AU - Soilleux EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4032-7249 AD - Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220513 PL - Switzerland TA - Diagnostics (Basel) JT - Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101658402 PMC - PMC9140453 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T-cell receptor repertoire OT - antibody OT - coronavirus OT - diversity OT - immune response OT - immunological memory OT - immunoreceptor OT - machine learning COIS- E.S. and A. Fowler (inventors) of GB Patent Application No: 1718238.7, for Oxford University Innovation, dated 3 November 2017; International Patent Application No: PCT/GB2018/053198 for Cambridge Enterprise, based on GB Application No: 1718238.7, dated 5 November 2018. Status: pending. The remaining authors have no conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2022/05/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/29 06:01 PMCR- 2022/05/13 CRDT- 2022/05/28 01:11 PHST- 2022/04/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/28 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/29 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - diagnostics12051222 [pii] AID - diagnostics-12-01222 [pii] AID - 10.3390/diagnostics12051222 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 May 13;12(5):1222. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12051222. PMID- 35614173 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220819 LR - 20251031 IS - 1590-3478 (Electronic) IS - 1590-1874 (Print) IS - 1590-1874 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Sep TI - Prevalence, characteristics and risk factors in a Moroccan cohort of Long-Covid-19. PG - 5175-5180 LID - 10.1007/s10072-022-06138-0 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Covid-19 can involve persistence of nonspecific symptoms and sequelae that last weeks to months after initial recovery, but the definition of this situation is lacking. Thus, the aim of our study is to estimate the prevalence, symptoms, and signs extending beyond the acute phase of Covid-19 compared to the general population not infected with the virus and to assess the factors influencing the occurrence of these symptoms in developing countries like Morocco. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study recruited 118 healthcare workers who endured the Covid-19 infection and 118 matched controls that had never experienced it. We have defined Long-Covid-19 according to guidance for NICE, and we used a survey made of direct questions and short answers sent to the recruiters via mail to evaluate the demographic parameters, severity and duration of the Covid-19 symptoms, vaccination against SARS CoV-2, and pulmonary involvement, and a series of general symptoms were looked for. FINDINGS: Our study found that the prevalence of Long-Covid-19 was 47.4%. Compared to the general population, the symptoms with statistical significative results were predominated by asthenia, myalgia, and brain fog. The severity of the pulmonary involvement on chest CT scan was the only risk factor to their occurrence, whereas no effect of the vaccination anti-SARS-CoV-2 was found. CONCLUSION: Comparing to the literature, this study showed that nearly half of the patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 will experience a variety of symptoms after the acute phase of this infection, and that it would be a real burden even in the youngest. We also found that vaccination against SARS-Cov-2 has no impact on this prevalence, which is to the best of our knowledge has never been previously studied. CI - (c) 2022. Fondazione Societa Italiana di Neurologia. FAU - El Otmani, Hicham AU - El Otmani H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0870-1808 AD - Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Hassan II University, Rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco. hichamotmani@yahoo.com. AD - Genetics Laboratory and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco. hichamotmani@yahoo.com. FAU - Nabili, Salma AU - Nabili S AD - Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Hassan II University, Rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco. FAU - Berrada, Malika AU - Berrada M AD - Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Hassan II University, Rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco. FAU - Bellakhdar, Salma AU - Bellakhdar S AD - Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Hassan II University, Rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco. FAU - El Moutawakil, Bouchra AU - El Moutawakil B AD - Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Hassan II University, Rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco. AD - Genetics Laboratory and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco. FAU - Abdoh Rafai, Mohammed AU - Abdoh Rafai M AD - Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Hassan II University, Rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco. AD - Research Laboratory of Neurological Disease and Neurosensory Handicap, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220525 PL - Italy TA - Neurol Sci JT - Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology JID - 100959175 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Morocco/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC9132567 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Comparative study OT - Covid-19 OT - Long terms OT - Vaccination COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/05/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/20 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/25 CRDT- 2022/05/25 23:22 PHST- 2021/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/25 23:22 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10072-022-06138-0 [pii] AID - 6138 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10072-022-06138-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Sci. 2022 Sep;43(9):5175-5180. doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-06138-0. Epub 2022 May 25. PMID- 35607826 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220712 LR - 20260927 IS - 2328-9503 (Electronic) IS - 2328-9503 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Evolution of neurologic symptoms in non-hospitalized COVID-19 "long haulers". PG - 950-961 LID - 10.1002/acn3.51570 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: We characterized the evolution of neurologic symptoms and self-perceived recovery of non-hospitalized COVID-19 "long haulers" 6-9 months after their initial Neuro-COVID-19 clinic evaluation. METHODS: In this follow-up study on the first 100 patients, 50 SARS-CoV-2 laboratory-positive (SARS-CoV-2(+) ), and 50 laboratory-negative (SARS-CoV-2(-) ), evaluated at our Neuro-COVID-19 clinic between May and November 2020, patients completed phone questionnaires on their neurologic symptoms, subjective impression of recovery and quality of life. RESULTS: Of 52 patients who completed the study (27 SARS-CoV-2(+) , 25 SARS-CoV-2(-) ) a median 14.8 (range 11-18) months after symptom onset, mean age was 42.8 years, 73% were female, and 77% were vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2. Overall, there was no significant change in the frequency of most neurologic symptoms between first and follow-up evaluations, including "brain fog" (81 vs. 71%), numbness/tingling (69 vs. 65%), headache (67 vs. 54%), dizziness (50 vs. 54%), blurred vision (34 vs. 44%), tinnitus (33 vs. 42%), and fatigue (87 vs. 81%). However, dysgeusia and anosmia decreased overall (63 vs. 27%, 58 vs. 21%, both p < 0.001). Conversely, heart rate and blood pressure variation (35 vs. 56%, p = 0.01) and gastrointestinal symptoms (27 vs. 48%, p = 0.04) increased at follow-up. Patients reported improvements in their recovery, cognitive function, and fatigue, but quality of life measures remained lower than the US normative population (p < 0.001). SARS-CoV-2 vaccination did not have a positive or detrimental impact on cognitive function or fatigue. INTERPRETATION: Non-hospitalized COVID-19 "long haulers" continue to experience neurologic symptoms, fatigue, and compromised quality of life 14.8 months after initial infection. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Neurological Association. FAU - Ali, Sareen T AU - Ali ST AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1835-3782 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Kang, Anthony K AU - Kang AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6623-135X AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Patel, Tulsi R AU - Patel TR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2020-0638 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Clark, Jeffrey R AU - Clark JR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1214-3645 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Perez-Giraldo, Gina S AU - Perez-Giraldo GS AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Orban, Zachary S AU - Orban ZS AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Lim, Patrick H AU - Lim PH AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Jimenez, Millenia AU - Jimenez M AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Graham, Edith L AU - Graham EL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6862-5531 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Batra, Ayush AU - Batra A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4783-5801 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Liotta, Eric M AU - Liotta EM AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. FAU - Koralnik, Igor J AU - Koralnik IJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6836-1468 AD - Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220524 PL - United States TA - Ann Clin Transl Neurol JT - Annals of clinical and translational neurology JID - 101623278 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Fatigue/etiology MH - Female MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Quality of Life MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9268866 COIS- The authors report no conflict of interest pertaining to this publication. EDAT- 2022/05/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/24 CRDT- 2022/05/24 03:26 PHST- 2022/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/24 03:26 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ACN351570 [pii] AID - 10.1002/acn3.51570 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2022 Jul;9(7):950-961. doi: 10.1002/acn3.51570. Epub 2022 May 24. PMID- 35605335 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220609 LR - 20240910 IS - 1873-622X (Electronic) IS - 0005-7967 (Print) IS - 0005-7967 (Linking) VI - 154 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Social cognition theories and behavior change in COVID-19: A conceptual review. PG - 104095 LID - S0005-7967(22)00066-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104095 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented health, economic, and social consequences worldwide. Although contact reductions and wearing face coverings have reduced infection rates, and vaccines have reduced illness severity, emergence of new variants of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, and the shift from pandemic to endemic patterns of infection, highlights the importance of ongoing preventive behavior adherence to manage future outbreaks. Research applying social cognition theories may assist in explaining variance in these behaviors and inform the development of efficacious behavior change interventions to promote adherence. In the present article, we summarize research applying these theories to identify modifiable determinants of COVID-19 preventive behaviors and the mechanisms involved, and their utility in informing interventions. We identify limitations of these applications (e.g., overreliance on correlational data, lack of long-term behavioral follow-up), and suggest how they can be addressed. We demonstrate the virtue of augmenting theories with additional constructs (e.g., moral norms, anticipated regret) and processes (e.g., multiple action phases, automatic processes) to provide comprehensive, parsimonious behavioral explanations. We also outline how the theories contribute to testing mechanisms of action of behavioral interventions. Finally, we recommend future studies applying these theories to inform and test interventions to promote COVID-19 preventive behavior adherence. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Hagger, Martin S AU - Hagger MS AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, 5200 N. Lake Rd., Merced, CA, 95343, USA; Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, 5200 N. Lake Rd., Merced, CA, 95343, USA; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, PO Box 35, FI-40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland; School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt. Gravatt Campus, 176 Messines Ridge Rd, Mt. Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia. Electronic address: mhagger@ucmerced.edu. FAU - Hamilton, Kyra AU - Hamilton K AD - Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, 5200 N. Lake Rd., Merced, CA, 95343, USA; School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt. Gravatt Campus, 176 Messines Ridge Rd, Mt. Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, G40 Griffith Health Centre, Level 8.86, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, 4222, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220412 PL - England TA - Behav Res Ther JT - Behaviour research and therapy JID - 0372477 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Health Behavior MH - Humans MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - Psychological Theory MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Social Cognition PMC - PMC9005242 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Automatic processes OT - COVID-19 preventive behaviors OT - Integrated models OT - Mechanism of action OT - Motivation OT - Reflective processes COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest with the work conducted in this study. All views expressed are solely those of the authors. The other authors have no financial disclosures. EDAT- 2022/05/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/10 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/12 CRDT- 2022/05/23 18:14 PHST- 2021/12/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/23 18:14 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0005-7967(22)00066-3 [pii] AID - 104095 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104095 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Behav Res Ther. 2022 Jul;154:104095. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104095. Epub 2022 Apr 12. PMID- 35589003 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220617 LR - 20221221 IS - 1873-3441 (Electronic) IS - 0939-6411 (Print) IS - 0939-6411 (Linking) VI - 176 DP - 2022 Jul TI - RBD decorated PLA nanoparticle admixture with aluminum hydroxide elicit robust and long lasting immune response against SARS-CoV-2. PG - 43-53 LID - S0939-6411(22)00096-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.05.008 [doi] AB - Nanoparticles-based multivalent antigen display has the capability of mimicking natural virus infection characteristics, making it useful for eliciting potent long-lasting immune response. Several vaccines are developed against global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However these subunit vaccines use mammalian expression system, hence mass production with rapid pace is a bigger challenge. In contrast E. coli based subunit vaccine production circumvents these limitations. The objective of the present investigation was to develop nanoparticle vaccine with multivalent display of receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 expressed in E. coli. Results showed that RBD entrapped PLA (Poly lactic acid) nanoparticle in combination with aluminum hydroxide elicited 9-fold higher immune responses as compared to RBD adsorbed aluminum hydroxide, a common adjuvant used for human immunization. It was interesting to note that RBD entrapped PLA nanoparticle with aluminum hydroxide not only generated robust and long-lasting antibody response but also provided Th1 and Th2 balanced immune response. Moreover, challenge with 1 microg of RBD alone was able to generate secondary antibody response, suggesting that immunization with RBD-PLA nanoparticles has the ability to elicit memory antibody against RBD. Plaque assay revealed that the antibody generated using the polymeric formulation was able to neutralize SARS-CoV-2. The RBD entrapped PLA nanoparticles blended with aluminum hydroxide thus has potential to develop asa subunit vaccine against COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Meena, Jairam AU - Meena J AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India. Electronic address: jairam.meena20@gmail.com. FAU - Singhvi, Priyank AU - Singhvi P AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Srichandan, Sudeepa AU - Srichandan S AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Dandotiya, Jyotsna AU - Dandotiya J AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Verma, Juhi AU - Verma J AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Singh, Mamta AU - Singh M AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Ahuja, Rahul AU - Ahuja R AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Panwar, Neha AU - Panwar N AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Wani, Tabiya Qayoom AU - Wani TQ AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Khatri, Ritika AU - Khatri R AD - Infection and Immunology Laboratory, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, Gurgaon-Faridabad, India. FAU - Siddiqui, Gazala AU - Siddiqui G AD - Infection and Immunology Laboratory, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, Gurgaon-Faridabad, India. FAU - Gupta, Anuradha AU - Gupta A AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Samal, Sweety AU - Samal S AD - Infection and Immunology Laboratory, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, Gurgaon-Faridabad, India. FAU - Panda, Amulya Kumar AU - Panda AK AD - Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. Electronic address: amulya@nii.ac.in. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220517 PL - Netherlands TA - Eur J Pharm Biopharm JT - European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V JID - 9109778 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Polyesters) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Subunit) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 5QB0T2IUN0 (Aluminum Hydroxide) SB - IM MH - Aluminum Hydroxide MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antibody Formation MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Escherichia coli MH - Humans MH - Mammals MH - *Nanoparticles/chemistry MH - Polyesters MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry MH - Vaccines, Subunit PMC - PMC9110063 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - Memory antibody response OT - Polymeric nanoparticles OT - Protein-subunit vaccine OT - Receptor binding domain OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccine OT - Virus neutralization COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/05/20 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/17 CRDT- 2022/05/19 20:06 PHST- 2022/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/19 20:06 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0939-6411(22)00096-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.05.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2022 Jul;176:43-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.05.008. Epub 2022 May 17. PMID- 35577972 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220603 LR - 20261010 IS - 2058-5276 (Electronic) IS - 2058-5276 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Jun TI - BNT162b2-induced memory T cells respond to the Omicron variant with preserved polyfunctionality. PG - 909-917 LID - 10.1038/s41564-022-01123-x [doi] AB - The Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) extensively escapes neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. In the present study, we investigated whether BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine-induced memory T cells functionally respond to the Omicron spike protein. Experiments were performed using samples from healthcare workers who were immunized with two or three doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection who were immunized with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Vaccine-induced memory T cells exhibited substantial responses to the Omicron spike protein, with no difference between healthcare workers with two versus three vaccine doses. In individuals with prior infection, two-dose vaccination robustly boosted memory T cells that responded to the Omicron spike protein and the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (lineage B) spike protein. Importantly, polyfunctionality was preserved in vaccine-induced memory T cells responding to the Omicron spike protein. The present findings indicate that BNT162b2-induced memory T cells substantially respond to the Omicron variant with preserved polyfunctionality. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Jung, Min Kyung AU - Jung MK AD - The Center for Viral Immunology, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeong, Seong Dong AU - Jeong SD AD - The Center for Viral Immunology, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Noh, Ji Yun AU - Noh JY AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Dong-Uk AU - Kim DU AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Sungmin AU - Jung S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3397-1837 AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Song, Joon Young AU - Song JY AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. infection@korea.ac.kr. FAU - Jeong, Hye Won AU - Jeong HW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1063-8476 AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. hwjeong@chungbuk.ac.kr. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. hwjeong@chungbuk.ac.kr. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. hwjeong@chungbuk.ac.kr. FAU - Park, Su-Hyung AU - Park SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6363-7736 AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. park3@kaist.ac.kr. AD - The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. park3@kaist.ac.kr. FAU - Shin, Eui-Cheol AU - Shin EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6308-9503 AD - The Center for Viral Immunology, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. ecshin@kaist.ac.kr. AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. ecshin@kaist.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220516 PL - England TA - Nat Microbiol JT - Nature microbiology JID - 101674869 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - *BNT162 Vaccine/immunology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Health Personnel MH - Humans MH - Memory T Cells MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology EDAT- 2022/05/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/07 06:00 CRDT- 2022/05/16 23:26 PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/16 23:26 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41564-022-01123-x [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41564-022-01123-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Microbiol. 2022 Jun;7(6):909-917. doi: 10.1038/s41564-022-01123-x. Epub 2022 May 16. PMID- 35576848 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220628 LR - 20250530 IS - 1879-0852 (Electronic) IS - 0959-8049 (Print) IS - 0959-8049 (Linking) VI - 170 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Persistence of long-term COVID-19 sequelae in patients with cancer: An analysis from the OnCovid registry. PG - 10-16 LID - S0959-8049(22)00163-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.03.019 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: A significant proportion of patients with cancer who recover from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) may experience COVID-19 sequelae in the early post-infection phase, which negatively affect their continuity of care and oncological outcome. The long-term prevalence and clinical impact of the post-COVID-19 syndrome in patients with cancer are largely unknown. METHODS: In this study, we describe the time course of COVID-19 sequelae in patients with non-advanced cancers enrolled in the OnCovid registry. RESULTS: Overall, 186 patients were included, with a median observation period of 9.9 months (95%CI:8,8-11.3) post-COVID-19 resolution. After a median interval of 2.3 months post-COVID-19 (interquartile range: 1.4-3.7), 31 patients (16.6%) reported >/=1 sequelae, including respiratory complications (14, 7.6%), fatigue (13, 7.1%), neuro-cognitive sequelae (7, 3.8%). The vast majority of the patients were not vaccinated prior to COVID-19. COVID-19-related sequelae persisted in 9.8% and 8% of patients 6 and 12 months after COVID-19 resolution. Persistence of sequelae at first oncological follow-up was associated with history of complicated COVID-19 (45.2% vs 24.8%, p = 0.0223), irrespective of oncological features at COVID-19 diagnosis. CONCLUSION: This study confirms for the first time that, in a largely unvaccinated population, post-COVID-19 syndrome can affect a significant proportion of patients with non-advanced cancer who recovered from the acute illness. COVID-19 sequelae may persist up to 12 months in some patients, highlighting the need for dedicated prevention and supportive strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Cortellini, Alessio AU - Cortellini A AD - Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK. Electronic address: alessiocortellini@gmail.com. FAU - Salazar, Ramon AU - Salazar R AD - Department of Medical Oncology, ICO L'Hospitalet, Oncobell Program (IDIBELL), CIBERONC, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Gennari, Alessandra AU - Gennari A AD - Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. FAU - Aguilar-Company, Juan AU - Aguilar-Company J AD - Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Bower, Mark AU - Bower M AD - Department of Oncology and National Centre for HIV Malignancy, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK. FAU - Bertuzzi, Alexia AU - Bertuzzi A AD - Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Brunet, Joan AU - Brunet J AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, University Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain. FAU - Lambertini, Matteo AU - Lambertini M AD - Medical Oncology Department, U.O. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy. FAU - Maluquer, Clara AU - Maluquer C AD - Fundacio Althaia Manresa, Manresa, Spain. FAU - Pedrazzoli, Paolo AU - Pedrazzoli P AD - Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia Italy. FAU - Lee, Alvin Jx AU - Lee AJ AD - Cancer Division, University College London Hospital, London, UK. FAU - Carmona-Garcia, MCarmen AU - Carmona-Garcia M AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, University Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain. FAU - Newsom-Davis, Thomas AU - Newsom-Davis T AD - Department of Oncology and National Centre for HIV Malignancy, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK. FAU - Van Hemelrijck, Mieke AU - Van Hemelrijck M AD - Medical Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (GSTT), London, UK; Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Plaja, Andrea AU - Plaja A AD - Medical Oncology Department, B-ARGO Group, IGTP, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Badalona, Spain. FAU - Zambelli, Alberto AU - Zambelli A AD - Oncology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy. FAU - Tondini, Carlo AU - Tondini C AD - Oncology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy. FAU - Generali, Daniele AU - Generali D AD - Multidisciplinary Breast Pathology and Translational Research Unit, ASST Cremona, Italy; Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy. FAU - Bertulli, Rossella AU - Bertulli R AD - Medical Oncology 2, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. FAU - Diamantis, Nikolaos AU - Diamantis N AD - Medical Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK. FAU - Mukherjee, Uma AU - Mukherjee U AD - Medical Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK. FAU - Rizzo, Gianpiero AU - Rizzo G AD - Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Yu, Tamara AU - Yu T AD - Cancer Division, University College London Hospital, London, UK. FAU - Zoratto, Federica AU - Zoratto F AD - Medical Oncology, St Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy. FAU - Bruna, Riccardo AU - Bruna R AD - Division of Haematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale and Maggiore della Carita Hospital, Novara, Italy. FAU - Sureda, Anna AU - Sureda A AD - Haematology Department, ICO Hospitalet, Hospitalet de Llobregat, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Vila, Clara AU - Martinez-Vila C AD - Fundacio Althaia Manresa, Manresa, Spain. FAU - Cantini, Luca AU - Cantini L AD - Medical Oncology, AOU Ospedali Riuniti, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Mazzoni, Francesca AU - Mazzoni F AD - Medical Oncology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Grosso, Federica AU - Grosso F AD - Mesothelioma Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy. FAU - Parisi, Alessandro AU - Parisi A AD - Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Saponara, Maristella AU - Saponara M AD - Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Treatment Unit, IEO - Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy. FAU - Prat, Aleix AU - Prat A AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Pinato, David J AU - Pinato DJ AD - Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK; Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. CN - On Covid study group LA - eng GR - DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220426 PL - England TA - Eur J Cancer JT - European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) JID - 9005373 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/complications/epidemiology MH - COVID-19 Testing MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - *Neoplasms/complications/epidemiology/therapy MH - Registries MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC9040509 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Long-term OT - Outcome OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Sequelae COIS- Conflict of interest statement Alessio Cortellini received consulting fees from MSD, BMS, AstraZeneca, Roche; speakers' fee from AstraZeneca, MSD, Novartis and Eisai. David J Pinato received lecture fees from ViiV Healthcare, Bayer Healthcare, BMS, Roche, EISAI, Falk Foundation, travel expenses from BMS and Bayer Healthcare; consulting fees for Mina Therapeutics, EISAI, Roche, DaVolterra and Astra Zeneca; research funding (to institution) from MSD and BMS. Aleix Prat has declared personal honoraria from Pfizer, Roche, MSD Oncology, Eli Lilly, and Daiichi Sankyo; travel, accommodations and expenses paid by Daiichi Sankyo; research funding from Roche and Novartis; and consulting/advisory role for NanoString Technologies, Amgen, Roche, Novartis, Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb. Matteo Lambertini acted as consultant for Roche, Novartis, Lilly, AstraZeneca, Exact Sciences, MSD, Pfizer, Seagen and received speaker honoraria from Roche, Novartis, Lilly, Pfizer, Takeda, Ipsen and Sandoz outside the submitted work. Thomas Newsom-Davis has declared consulting/advisory role for Amgen, Bayer, AstraZeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Otsuka, Pfizer, Roche, and Takeda; speakers fees from AstraZeneca, MSD, Roche, Takeda and travel, accommodations and expenses paid by AstraZenca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, MSD, Otsuka, Roche, and Takeda. Joan Brunet has declared consulting/advisory role for MSD and Astra Zeneca. Alessandra Gennari has declared consulting/advisory role for Roche, MSD, Eli Lilly, Pierre Fabre, EISAI, and Daichii Sankyo; speakers bureau for Eisai, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Roche, Teva, Gentili, Pfizer, Astra Zeneca, Celgene, and Daichii Sankyo; research funds: EISAI, Eli Lilly, and Roche. CMV has received travel grants and other honoraria from BMS, MSD, Novartis and Roche. Gianluca Gaidano has declared consulting/advisory role for Janssen, Abbvie, Astra-Zeneca and BeiGene, and speaker fees from Janssen and Abbvie. Lorenza Rimassa received consulting fees from Servier, Amgen, ArQule, AstraZeneca, Basilea, Bayer, BMS, Celgene, Eisai, Exelixis, Genenta, Hengrui, Incyte, Ipsen, IQVIA, Lilly, MSD, Nerviano Medical Sciences, Roche, Sanofi, Zymeworks; lecture fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Bayer, Eisai, Gilead, Incyte, Ipsen, Lilly, Merck Serono, Roche, Sanofi; travel expenses from Ipsen; and institutional research funding from Agios, ARMO BioSciences, AstraZeneca, BeiGene, Eisai, Exelixis, Fibrogen, Incyte, Ipsen, Lilly, MSD, Nerviano Medical Sciences, Roche, Zymeworks. All remaining authors have declared no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/05/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/29 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/26 CRDT- 2022/05/16 18:29 PHST- 2022/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/16 18:29 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0959-8049(22)00163-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.03.019 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Cancer. 2022 Jul;170:10-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.03.019. Epub 2022 Apr 26. PMID- 35572546 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220519 LR - 20260127 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Markers of Memory CD8 T Cells Depicting the Effect of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Japan. PG - 836923 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836923 [doi] LID - 836923 AB - BNT162b2, a nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S), provides approximately 95% efficacy for preventing COVID-19. However, it remains unclear how effectively memory CD8+ T cells are generated and which genetic and environmental factors affect the generation and function of memory CD8+ T cells elicited by this vaccine. Here, we investigated the frequency and functions of memory CD8+ T cells 3 weeks after the second vaccination in the Japanese population. Using a peptide-MHC pentamer, we detected an increased number of memory CD8+ T cells together with increased serum anti-S protein antibody in females compared with that in males, but the frequency of pentamer-positive cells was not positively correlated with antibody titers. Memory precursor effector cells (KLRG1-CD127+) among both CD8+ cells and pentamer+ cells and effector cells (CD38-HLA-DR+) among pentamer+ cells were more abundant in females than in males. Upon S protein-mediated stimulation of T cells, the intensity of CD107a and granzyme B expression was increased in females compared with that in males, indicating stronger memory CD8+ T cell responses in females than in males. Our studies showed that the BNT162b2 vaccine elicits increased memory CD8+ T cell proliferation and secondary CTL responses in females compared with those in males in the Japanese population. These findings provide an important basis for the distinct sex difference in cellular immune responses to mRNA vaccination and suggest that memory precursor effector cells can be one of markers to evaluate and boost cellular immunity induced by BNT162b2. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Kondo, Kageyama, Tanaka, Otsuka, Tsukumo, Mashimo, Onouchi, Nakajima and Yasutomo. FAU - Kondo, Hiroyuki AU - Kondo H AD - Department of Immunology & Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan. FAU - Kageyama, Takahiro AU - Kageyama T AD - Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Tanaka, Shigeru AU - Tanaka S AD - Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Otsuka, Kunihiro AU - Otsuka K AD - Department of Immunology & Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan. FAU - Tsukumo, Shin-Ichi AU - Tsukumo SI AD - Department of Immunology & Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan. FAU - Mashimo, Yoichi AU - Mashimo Y AD - Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Onouchi, Yoshihiro AU - Onouchi Y AD - Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Nakajima, Hiroshi AU - Nakajima H AD - Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Yasutomo, Koji AU - Yasutomo K AD - Department of Immunology & Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan. AD - Department of Interdisciplinary Researches for Medicine and Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan. AD - The Research Cluster Program on Immunological Diseases, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan. AD - Tokushima International Science Institute (TISI), Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220428 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Japan MH - Male MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9096866 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8, vaccine OT - COVID-19 OT - T cell OT - antigen OT - markers COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/05/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/20 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/28 CRDT- 2022/05/16 04:14 PHST- 2021/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/16 04:14 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836923 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Apr 28;13:836923. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836923. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35571764 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231011 LR - 20231011 IS - 2667-2375 (Electronic) IS - 2667-2375 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Jun 20 TI - An efficient immunoassay for the B cell help function of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory CD4(+) T cells. PG - 100224 LID - 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100224 [doi] LID - 100224 AB - The B cell "help" function of CD4(+) T cells is an important mechanism of adaptive immunity. Here, we describe improved antigen-specific T-B cocultures for quantitative measurement of T cell-dependent B cell responses, with as few as approximately 90 T cells. Utilizing M. tuberculosis (Mtb), we show that early priming and activation of CD4(+) T cells is important for productive interaction between T and B cells and that similar effects are achieved by supplementing cocultures with monocytes. We find that monocytes promote survivability of B cells via BAFF and stem cell growth factor (SCGF)/C-type lectin domain family 11 member A (CLEC11A), but this alone does not fully recapitulate the effects of monocyte supplementation. Importantly, we demonstrate improved activation and immunological output of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific memory CD4(+) T-B cell cocultures with the inclusion of monocytes. This method may therefore provide a more sensitive assay to evaluate the B cell help quality of memory CD4(+) T cells, for example, after vaccination or natural infection. CI - (c) 2022 The Author(s). FAU - Ansari, Asgar AU - Ansari A AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Sachan, Shilpa AU - Sachan S AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India. FAU - Jit, Bimal Prasad AU - Jit BP AD - Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India. FAU - Sharma, Ashok AU - Sharma A AD - Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India. FAU - Coshic, Poonam AU - Coshic P AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Gupta, Nimesh AU - Gupta N AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India. LA - eng GR - U01 AI141995/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220510 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Methods JT - Cell reports methods JID - 9918227360606676 MH - Humans MH - *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Mycobacterium tuberculosis MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Immunoassay PMC - PMC9085463 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell help OT - B cell survival OT - Mycobacterium tuberculosis OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - SCGF/CLEC11A OT - T-B cocultures OT - correlates of protection COIS- N.G. and A.A. are listed as inventors on patent application no. 202111003148, submitted by NII, which covers the use of described method for vaccine evaluation and adjuvant testing purposes. A. Sette is listed as inventor on patent application no. 63/012,902, submitted by LJI, which covers the use of the peptide megapools for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/05/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/17 06:01 PMCR- 2022/05/10 CRDT- 2022/05/16 04:03 PHST- 2021/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/17 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/16 04:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2667-2375(22)00087-X [pii] AID - 100224 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100224 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep Methods. 2022 Jun 20;2(6):100224. doi: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100224. Epub 2022 May 10. PMID- 35549299 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220802 LR - 20251031 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 73 DP - 2022 Jul 29 TI - Recall of preexisting cross-reactive B cell memory after Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection. PG - eabq3511 LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq3511 [doi] LID - eabq3511 AB - Understanding immune responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) breakthrough infection will facilitate the development of next-generation vaccines. Here, we profiled spike (S)-specific B cell responses after Omicron/BA.1 infection in messenger RNA-vaccinated donors. The acute antibody response was characterized by high levels of somatic hypermutation and a bias toward recognition of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strains, suggesting the early activation of vaccine-induced memory B cells. BA.1 breakthrough infection induced a shift in B cell immunodominance hierarchy from the S2 subunit, which is highly conserved across SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), and toward the antigenically variable receptor binding domain (RBD). A large proportion of RBD-directed neutralizing antibodies isolated from BA.1 breakthrough infection donors displayed convergent sequence features and broadly recognized SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Together, these findings provide insights into the role of preexisting immunity in shaping the B cell response to heterologous SARS-CoV-2 variant exposure. FAU - Kaku, Chengzi I AU - Kaku CI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9854-8351 AD - Adimab LLC, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA. FAU - Bergeron, Alan J AU - Bergeron AJ AD - Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. FAU - Ahlm, Clas AU - Ahlm C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2018-8592 AD - Division of Immunology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. FAU - Normark, Johan AU - Normark J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5831-4369 AD - Division of Immunology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. FAU - Sakharkar, Mrunal AU - Sakharkar M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2717-5201 AD - Adimab LLC, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA. FAU - Forsell, Mattias N E AU - Forsell MNE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6904-742X AD - Division of Immunology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. FAU - Walker, Laura M AU - Walker LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7704-3197 AD - Adagio Therapeutics Inc., Waltham, MA 02451, USA. LA - eng GR - P30 CA023108/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220729 PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Membrane Glycoproteins) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Viral Envelope Proteins) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM CIN - Sci Immunol. 2022 Aug 26;7(74):eabq5901. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq5901. PMID: 35653497 MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Cross Reactions MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Membrane Glycoproteins MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics MH - Viral Envelope Proteins PMC - PMC9097882 EDAT- 2022/05/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/03 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/12 CRDT- 2022/05/13 11:44 PHST- 2022/05/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/13 11:44 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - abq3511 [pii] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq3511 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2022 Jul 29;7(73):eabq3511. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq3511. Epub 2022 Jul 29. PMID- 35545974 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220517 LR - 20221019 IS - 2531-6745 (Electronic) IS - 0392-4203 (Print) IS - 0392-4203 (Linking) VI - 93 IP - S2 DP - 2022 May 12 TI - The impact of the alterations in caring for COVID-19 patients on Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue in Italian nurses: a multi method study. PG - e2022190 LID - 10.23750/abm.v93iS2.13053 [doi] LID - e2022190 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK: During COVID-19 first wave, healthcare professionals were exposed to a major psychological pressure related to uncertainty, a lack of therapies or a vaccine and shortages of healthcare resources. They developed higher levels of Burnout and Compassion Fatigue, and similar levels of Compassion Satisfaction. Aim is evaluating in Italian nurses Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue and impacting individual and relational variables. METHODS: A multi-methods approach was used. Qualitative data were collected through 2 focus group. Quantitative data were collected through a web survey composed by an ad hoc questionnaire developed from the focus group results, the Professional Quality of Life Scale-5 and the Resilience Scale (RS-14). RESULTS: In the qualitative phase 6 categories emerged. From the quantitative analysis the sample reported a moderate level of Compassion Satisfaction, a low level of Burnout and a moderate level of Secondary Traumatic Stress. Compassion Satisfaction had as predictors resilience (beta = .501), followed by feeling part of the team (beta = .406) and collaboration with colleagues (beta = .386). Secondary Traumatic Stress had as predictors the impact of PPE (beta = .269), and feeling Covid-related individual sufferance (beta = .212). The only predictor of Burnout was resilience (beta = -2195). Conclusions: During COVID-19 first wave Italian nurses were exposed to a higher risk of Secondary Traumatic Stress, mainly impacted by frustration, loss of control, loss of possibility to properly care for patients, and personal threat. Relational and team support had a crucial role in sustaining Compassion Satisfaction. FAU - Cosentino, Chiara AU - Cosentino C AD - University of Parma. chiara.cosentino1@unipr.it. FAU - Foa, Chiara AU - Foa C AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy. chiara.foa@unipr.it. FAU - Bertuol, Maria AU - Bertuol M AD - . maria.bertuol@unipr.it. FAU - Cappi, Valentina AU - Cappi V AD - Department of Sociology and Business Law, University of Bologna, Italy. valentina.cappi3@unibo.it. FAU - Riboni, Serena AU - Riboni S AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy. serena.riboni@unipr.it. FAU - Rossi, Sandra AU - Rossi S AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy. sandra.rossi@unipr.it. FAU - Artioli, Giovanna AU - Artioli G AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy. giovanna.artioli@unipr.it. FAU - Sarli, Leopoldo AU - Sarli L AD - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy. leopoldo.sarli@unipr.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220512 PL - Italy TA - Acta Biomed JT - Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis JID - 101295064 SB - IM MH - *Burnout, Professional/epidemiology/psychology MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Compassion Fatigue/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Empathy MH - Humans MH - Job Satisfaction MH - Patient Satisfaction MH - Personal Satisfaction MH - Quality of Life/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC9534219 COIS- None to declare. EDAT- 2022/05/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/01 CRDT- 2022/05/12 06:12 PHST- 2022/03/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/12 06:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ACTA-93-190 [pii] AID - 10.23750/abm.v93iS2.13053 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Acta Biomed. 2022 May 12;93(S2):e2022190. doi: 10.23750/abm.v93iS2.13053. PMID- 35543105 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221123 LR - 20221123 IS - 1601-5215 (Electronic) IS - 0924-2708 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Dec TI - Neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 long haulers. PG - 318-329 LID - 10.1017/neu.2022.13 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Long haulers have been recently reported after contracting coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In the present study, we aimed to screen for the neuropsychiatric signs detected <1 to >6 months after infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to determine whether vaccination has an effect on them. METHODS: An online survey was conducted among participants who had been diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The clinical signs and durations of neuropsychiatric complaints and their correlations to sex, age, severity of COVID-19 signs, and vaccination status were screened. RESULTS: A total of 2218 individuals, including 1358 females and 860 males, with an age range of 12-70 years, submitted their responses. The respondents experienced cognitive dysfunction, mood alteration, depression, tinnitus, sleep disorders, and loss of taste and smell, with prevalence rates ranging from 18.9% (tinnitus) to 63.9% (loss of taste and smell). Of the respondents, 2.2-7.7% confirmed the persistence of symptoms for >6 months. Tinnitus was the least common complaint, and only 2.2% of the study participants had tinnitus for >6 months. Meanwhile, mood alteration persisted for >6 months in 7.6% of the study participants. More respondents who received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine showed persistent symptoms than those in the other groups. Disease severity and female sex were identified as potential determinants of the development and persistency of such symptoms. CONCLUSION: Post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms were present in considerable percentages of the study participants with SARS-CoV-2 infection, persisting for >6 months in up to 7.6% of the participants. FAU - Alghamdi, Hussam Y AU - Alghamdi HY AD - College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif21944, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alrashed, Abdulaziz M AU - Alrashed AM AD - College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif21944, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Jawhari, Amjad M AU - Jawhari AM AD - College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif21944, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Abdel-Moneim, Ahmed S AU - Abdel-Moneim AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3148-6782 AD - Microbiology Department, College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220511 PL - England TA - Acta Neuropsychiatr JT - Acta neuropsychiatrica JID - 9612501 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - Male MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Ageusia MH - *Tinnitus MH - BNT162 Vaccine OTO - NOTNLM OT - Post-COVID-19 OT - SARS-COV-2 OT - long haulers OT - neuropsychiatry EDAT- 2022/05/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/24 06:00 CRDT- 2022/05/11 04:33 PHST- 2022/05/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/11 04:33 [entrez] AID - S0924270822000138 [pii] AID - 10.1017/neu.2022.13 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2022 Dec;34(6):318-329. doi: 10.1017/neu.2022.13. Epub 2022 May 11. PMID- 35536849 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220512 LR - 20231103 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 5 DP - 2022 TI - Associations of vaccine status with characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients in the booster era. PG - e0268050 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0268050 [doi] LID - e0268050 AB - BACKGROUND: The resurgence of COVID-19 cases since June 2021, referred to as the fourth COVID-19 wave, has led to the approval and administration of booster vaccines. Our study aims to identify any associations between vaccine status with the characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 disease. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all COVID-19 patients admitted to a large tertiary center between July 25 and October 25, 2021 (fourth wave in Israel). Univariant and multivariant analyses of variables associated with vaccine status were performed. FINDINGS: Overall, 349 patients with severe or critical disease were included. Patients were either not vaccinated (58%), had the first two vaccine doses (35%) or had the booster vaccine (7%). Vaccinated patients were significantly older, male predominant, and with a higher number of comorbidities including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, immunodeficient state, kidney disease and cognitive decline. Time from the first symptom to hospital admission was longer among non-vaccinated patients (7.2 +/- 4.4 days, p = 0.002). Critical disease (p<0.05), admissions to the intensive care unit (p = 0.01) and advanced oxygen support (p = 0.004) were inversely proportional to the number of vaccines given, lowest among the booster vaccine group. Death (20%, p = 0.83) and hospital stay duration (8.05+/- 8.47, p = 0.19) were similar between the groups. CONCLUSION: Hospitalized vaccinated patients with severe COVID-19 had significantly higher rates of most known risk factors for COVID-19 adverse outcomes. Still, all disease outcomes were similar or better compared with the non-vaccinated patients. FAU - Freund, Ophir AU - Freund O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7272-5284 AD - Internal Medicine B, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Tau, Luba AU - Tau L AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Weiss, Tali Epstein AU - Weiss TE AD - Internal Medicine B, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Zornitzki, Lior AU - Zornitzki L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3245-2653 AD - Internal Medicine B, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Frydman, Shir AU - Frydman S AD - Internal Medicine B, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Jacob, Giris AU - Jacob G AD - Medicine F, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Bornstein, Gil AU - Bornstein G AD - Internal Medicine B, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220510 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Hospitalization MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Retrospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9089907 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/05/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/10 CRDT- 2022/05/10 13:35 PHST- 2022/01/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/10 13:35 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-22-00969 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0268050 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2022 May 10;17(5):e0268050. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268050. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35527791 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220716 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 22 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Brain and behavior in health communication: The Canadian COVID-19 Experiences Project. PG - 100467 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100467 [doi] LID - 100467 AB - BACKGROUND: Vaccine hesitancy and inconsistent mitigation behavior performance have been significant challenges throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. In Canada, despite relatively high vaccine availability and uptake, willingness to accept booster shots and maintain mitigation behaviors in the post-acute phase of COVID-19 remain uncertain. The aim of the Canadian COVID-19 Experiences Project (CCEP) is threefold: 1) to identify social-cognitive and neurocognitive predictors of mitigation behaviors, 2) to identify optimal communication strategies to promote vaccination and mitigation behaviors, and 3) to examine brain health outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection and examine their longevity. METHODS: The CCEP is comprised of two components: a conventional population survey (Study 1) and a functionally interconnected laboratory study (Study 2). Study 1 will involve 6 waves of data collection. Wave 1, completed between 28 September and 21 October 2021, recruited 1,958 vaccine-hesitant (49.8%) and fully vaccinated (50.2%) adults using quota sampling to ensure maximum statistical power. Measures included a variety of social cognitive (e.g., beliefs, intentions) and neurocognitive (e.g., delay discounting) measures, followed by an opportunity to view and rate a set of professionally produced COVID-19 public service announcement (PSA) videos for perceived efficacy. Study 2 employs the same survey items and PSAs but coupled with lab-based eye tracking and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to directly quantify neural indicators of attention capture and self-reflection in a smaller community sample. In the final phase of the project, subjective impressions and neural indicators of PSA efficacy will be compared and used to inform recommendations for construction of COVID-19 PSAs into the post-acute phase of the pandemic. DISCUSSION: The CCEP provides a framework for evaluating effective COVID-19 communication strategies by levering conventional population surveys and the latest eye-tracking and brain imaging metrics. The CCEP will also yield important information about the brain health impacts of SARS-CoV-2 in the general population, in relation to current and future virus variants as they emerge. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. FAU - Hall, Peter A AU - Hall PA AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. AD - Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Fong, Geoffrey T AU - Fong GT AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. AD - Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Hitchman, Sara C AU - Hitchman SC AD - Department of Communication and Media Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Quah, Anne C K AU - Quah ACK AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Agar, Thomas AU - Agar T AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Meng, Gang AU - Meng G AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Ayaz, Hasan AU - Ayaz H AD - School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, USA. AD - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Dore, Bruce P AU - Dore BP AD - Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Sakib, Mohammad N AU - Sakib MN AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Hudson, Anna AU - Hudson A AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. FAU - Boudreau, Christian AU - Boudreau C AD - Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220502 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC9060711 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavior OT - COVID-19 OT - Mitigation OT - Prevention OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors have no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/05/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/10 06:01 PMCR- 2022/05/02 CRDT- 2022/05/09 03:47 PHST- 2022/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/09 03:47 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/10 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(22)00057-6 [pii] AID - 100467 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100467 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2022 Jul;22:100467. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100467. Epub 2022 May 2. PMID- 35523182 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220531 LR - 20240923 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 11 DP - 2022 May 26 TI - Efficient recall of Omicron-reactive B cell memory after a third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. PG - 1875-1887.e8 LID - S0092-8674(22)00456-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.009 [doi] AB - We examined antibody and memory B cell responses longitudinally for approximately 9-10 months after primary 2-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and 3 months after a 3rd dose. Antibody decay stabilized between 6 and 9 months, and antibody quality continued to improve for at least 9 months after 2-dose vaccination. Spike- and RBD-specific memory B cells remained durable over time, and 40%-50% of RBD-specific memory B cells simultaneously bound the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants. Omicron-binding memory B cells were efficiently reactivated by a 3rd dose of wild-type vaccine and correlated with the corresponding increase in neutralizing antibody titers. In contrast, pre-3rd dose antibody titers inversely correlated with the fold-change of antibody boosting, suggesting that high levels of circulating antibodies may limit the added protection afforded by repeat short interval boosting. These data provide insight into the quantity and quality of mRNA-vaccine-induced immunity over time through 3 or more antigen exposures. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Goel, Rishi R AU - Goel RR AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Painter, Mark M AU - Painter MM AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Lundgreen, Kendall A AU - Lundgreen KA AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Apostolidis, Sokratis A AU - Apostolidis SA AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Baxter, Amy E AU - Baxter AE AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Giles, Josephine R AU - Giles JR AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Mathew, Divij AU - Mathew D AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Pattekar, Ajinkya AU - Pattekar A AD - Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Reynaldi, Arnold AU - Reynaldi A AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Khoury, David S AU - Khoury DS AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Gouma, Sigrid AU - Gouma S AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Hicks, Philip AU - Hicks P AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Dysinger, Sarah AU - Dysinger S AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Hicks, Amanda AU - Hicks A AD - Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Sharma, Harsh AU - Sharma H AD - Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Herring, Sarah AU - Herring S AD - Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Korte, Scott AU - Korte S AD - Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Kc, Wumesh AU - Kc W AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Oldridge, Derek A AU - Oldridge DA AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Erickson, Rachel I AU - Erickson RI AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Weirick, Madison E AU - Weirick ME AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - McAllister, Christopher M AU - McAllister CM AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Awofolaju, Moses AU - Awofolaju M AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Tanenbaum, Nicole AU - Tanenbaum N AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Dougherty, Jeanette AU - Dougherty J AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Long, Sherea AU - Long S AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - D'Andrea, Kurt AU - D'Andrea K AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Hamilton, Jacob T AU - Hamilton JT AD - Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - McLaughlin, Maura AU - McLaughlin M AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Williams, Justine C AU - Williams JC AD - Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Adamski, Sharon AU - Adamski S AD - Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Kuthuru, Oliva AU - Kuthuru O AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Drapeau, Elizabeth M AU - Drapeau EM AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Davenport, Miles P AU - Davenport MP AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Hensley, Scott E AU - Hensley SE AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Bates, Paul AU - Bates P AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Greenplate, Allison R AU - Greenplate AR AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Wherry, E John AU - Wherry EJ AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. LA - eng GR - T32 AI007324/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AR076951/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI142638/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI152236/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI070077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 CA009140/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI082630/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R38 HL143613/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA016520/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00015/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI055400/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI155577/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI149680/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 HL007843/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI108545/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220408 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2022 Feb 22:2022.02.20.481163. doi: 10.1101/2022.02.20.481163. PMID: 35233575 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - RNA, Messenger MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC8989683 MID - NIHMS1797309 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody OT - booster OT - immune memory OT - mRNA OT - memory B cell OT - vaccine OT - variants of concern COIS- Declaration of interests S.E.H. has received consultancy fees from Sanofi Pasteur, Lumen, Novavax, and Merck for work unrelated to this study. A.R.G. is a consultant for Relation Therapeutics. E.J.W. is consulting for or is an advisor for Merck, Marengo, Janssen, Related Sciences, Synthekine, and Surface Oncology. E.J.W. is a founder of Surface Oncology, Danger Bio, and Arsenal Biosciences. EDAT- 2022/05/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/01 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/08 CRDT- 2022/05/06 18:43 PHST- 2022/02/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/06 18:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(22)00456-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2022 May 26;185(11):1875-1887.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.009. Epub 2022 Apr 8. PMID- 35514974 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220509 LR - 20220716 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Long-Term, CD4(+) Memory T Cell Response to SARS-CoV-2. PG - 800070 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.800070 [doi] LID - 800070 AB - The first cases of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were reported by Chinese authorities at the end of 2019. The disease spread quickly and was declared a global pandemic shortly thereafter. To respond effectively to infection and prevent viral spread, it is important to delineate the factors that affect protective immunity. Herein, a cohort of convalescent healthcare workers was recruited and their immune responses were studied over a period of 3 to 9 months following the onset of symptoms. A cross-reactive T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronaviruses, i.e., OC43 and NL63, was demonstrated in the infected, convalescent cohort, as well as a cohort composed of unexposed individuals. The convalescent cohort, however, displayed an increased number of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) T cells relative to the unexposed group. Moreover, unlike humoral immunity and quickly decreasing antibody titers, T cell immunity in convalescent individuals was maintained and stable throughout the study period. This study also suggests that, based on the higher CD4 T cell memory response against nucleocapsid antigen, future vaccine designs may include nucleocapsid as an additional antigen along with the spike protein. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Wirsching, Harder, Heymanns, Grondahl, Hilbert, Kowalzik, Meyer and Gehring. FAU - Wirsching, Sebastian AU - Wirsching S AD - Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Harder, Laura AU - Harder L AD - Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Heymanns, Markus AU - Heymanns M AD - Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Grondahl, Britta AU - Grondahl B AD - Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Hilbert, Katja AU - Hilbert K AD - Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Kowalzik, Frank AU - Kowalzik F AD - Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Meyer, Claudius AU - Meyer C AD - Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. FAU - Gehring, Stephan AU - Gehring S AD - Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220420 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Memory T Cells MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC9065554 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HCoV OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell immunity OT - cross-reactivity OT - long-term memory COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/05/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/10 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/20 CRDT- 2022/05/06 05:31 PHST- 2021/10/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/06 05:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.800070 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Apr 20;13:800070. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.800070. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35497026 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230916 IS - 2405-8440 (Print) IS - 2405-8440 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8440 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Apr TI - Immunopathological changes, complications, sequelae and immunological memory in COVID-19 patients. PG - e09302 LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09302 [doi] LID - e09302 AB - Confirmed SARS-CoV-2-caused disease (COVID-19) cases have reached 275.65 million worldwide. Although the majority of COVID-19 patients present mild to moderate symptoms, some have severe complications including death. We first reviewed the pathogenesis on ACE2, a binding receptor of SARS-CoV-2 expressed in multiple organs, and prevalent multinucleate syncytia in the lung tissues of COVID-19 patients. Then, we evaluated the pathological, immunological changes and sequelae in the major organs. Finally, we reviewed the immunological memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. The binding of SARS-Cov-2 to ACE2 receptor results in reduced ACE2 protein levels, which may lead to elevated susceptibility to inflammation, cell death, organ failure, and potentially severe illness. These damages increase the risk of health problems over a long period, which result in many complications. The complications in multiple organs lead to the increased risk of long-term health problems that require additional attention. A multidisciplinary care team is necessary for further management and recovery of the COVID-19 survivors. Many COVID-19 patients will probably make antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus for most of their lives, and the immunity against reinfection would last for 3-61 months. FAU - Yao, Liqin AU - Yao L AD - Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China. FAU - Lu, Lingeng AU - Lu L AD - Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. AD - Center for Biomedical Data Science and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. FAU - Ma, Wenxue AU - Ma W AD - Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center and Sanford Stem Cell Clinical Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220426 PL - England TA - Heliyon JT - Heliyon JID - 101672560 PMC - PMC9040416 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Complication OT - Immunopathology OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Sequelae COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/05/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/03 06:01 PMCR- 2022/04/26 CRDT- 2022/05/02 06:57 PHST- 2021/09/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/02 06:57 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/03 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-8440(22)00590-4 [pii] AID - e09302 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09302 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Heliyon. 2022 Apr;8(4):e09302. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09302. Epub 2022 Apr 26. PMID- 35496775 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260301 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 22 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Cognitive deficits and memory impairments after COVID-19 (Covishield) vaccination. PG - 100463 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100463 [doi] AB - Vaccination is an essential public health strategy to control the 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. While the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccines far outweigh the risks, side effects continue to be reported in the literature. We report a 65-year-old man who developed cognitive deficits and memory impairments following his first dose of Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine (Covishield). The onset of acute cognitive deficits and memory impairments could be another complication to COVID-19 vaccination that physicians and neurologists need to be warned to. Monitoring the safety of COVID-19 vaccines and describing side effects associated with them is essential to improve safety profiles and enhance public trust. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. FAU - Chaurasia, Bipin AU - Chaurasia B AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Bhawani Hospital and Research Centre, Birgunj, Nepal. FAU - Chavda, Vishal AU - Chavda V AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, USA. FAU - Lu, Bingwei AU - Lu B AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, USA. FAU - Garg, Kanwaljeet AU - Garg K AD - Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Montemurro, Nicola AU - Montemurro N AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220423 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC9034829 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognitive deficits OT - Coronavirus OT - SARS-CoV OT - Vaccination COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/05/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/03 06:01 PMCR- 2022/04/23 CRDT- 2022/05/02 06:54 PHST- 2022/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/02 06:54 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/03 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(22)00053-9 [pii] AID - 100463 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100463 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2022 Jul;22:100463. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100463. Epub 2022 Apr 23. PMID- 35483354 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220617 LR - 20221221 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Jun 14 TI - Analysis of mRNA vaccination-elicited RBD-specific memory B cells reveals strong but incomplete immune escape of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. PG - 1096-1104.e4 LID - S1074-7613(22)00173-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.04.002 [doi] AB - The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant can escape neutralization by vaccine-elicited and convalescent antibodies. Memory B cells (MBCs) represent another layer of protection against SARS-CoV-2, as they persist after infection and vaccination and improve their affinity. Whether MBCs elicited by mRNA vaccines can recognize the Omicron variant remains unclear. We assessed the affinity and neutralization potency against the Omicron variant of several hundred naturally expressed MBC-derived monoclonal IgG antibodies from vaccinated COVID-19-recovered and -naive individuals. Compared with other variants of concern, Omicron evaded recognition by a larger proportion of MBC-derived antibodies, with only 30% retaining high affinity against the Omicron RBD, and the reduction in neutralization potency was even more pronounced. Nonetheless, neutralizing MBC clones could be found in all the analyzed individuals. Therefore, despite the strong immune escape potential of the Omicron variant, these results suggest that the MBC repertoire generated by mRNA vaccines still provides some protection against the Omicron variant in vaccinated individuals. CI - Copyright (c) 2022. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Sokal, Aurelien AU - Sokal A AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Broketa, Matteo AU - Broketa M AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, INSERM UMR1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France. FAU - Barba-Spaeth, Giovanna AU - Barba-Spaeth G AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, CNRS UMR 3569, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France. FAU - Meola, Annalisa AU - Meola A AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, CNRS UMR 3569, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France. FAU - Fernandez, Ignacio AU - Fernandez I AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, CNRS UMR 3569, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France. FAU - Fourati, Slim AU - Fourati S AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 18, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Azzaoui, Imane AU - Azzaoui I AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - de La Selle, Andrea AU - de La Selle A AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Vandenberghe, Alexis AU - Vandenberghe A AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Roeser, Anais AU - Roeser A AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Bouvier-Alias, Magali AU - Bouvier-Alias M AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 18, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Crickx, Etienne AU - Crickx E AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Languille, Laetitia AU - Languille L AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Michel, Marc AU - Michel M AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Godeau, Bertrand AU - Godeau B AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. FAU - Gallien, Sebastien AU - Gallien S AD - Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Melica, Giovanna AU - Melica G AD - Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Nguyen, Yann AU - Nguyen Y AD - Service de Medecine interne, Hopital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite de Paris, Clichy, France. FAU - Zarrouk, Virginie AU - Zarrouk V AD - Service de Medecine interne, Hopital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite de Paris, Clichy, France. FAU - Canoui-Poitrine, Florence AU - Canoui-Poitrine F AD - Departement de Sante Publique, Unite de Recherche Clinique (URC), CEpiA (Clinical Epidemiology and Ageing), EA 7376, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Noizat-Pirenne, France AU - Noizat-Pirenne F AD - INSERM U955, equipe 2, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France; Etablissement Francais du Sang (EFS) Ile de France, Creteil, France. FAU - Megret, Jerome AU - Megret J AD - Plateforme de Cytometrie en Flux, Structure Federative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24-CNRS UMS3633, Paris, France. FAU - Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel AU - Pawlotsky JM AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 18, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Fillatreau, Simon AU - Fillatreau S AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Simon-Loriere, Etienne AU - Simon-Loriere E AD - Institut Pasteur, Evolutionary genomics of RNA viruses, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Weill, Jean-Claude AU - Weill JC AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Reynaud, Claude-Agnes AU - Reynaud CA AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Rey, Felix A AU - Rey FA AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, CNRS UMR 3569, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France. FAU - Bruhns, Pierre AU - Bruhns P AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, INSERM UMR1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France. FAU - Chappert, Pascal AU - Chappert P AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. Electronic address: pascal.chappert@inserm.fr. FAU - Mahevas, Matthieu AU - Mahevas M AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France; INSERM U955, equipe 2, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France. Electronic address: matthieu.mahevas@aphp.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220407 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM CIN - Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022 Oct 2;7(1):343. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01192-8. PMID: 36184648 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Memory B Cells MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8986479 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - MBC OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - VOC OT - affinity OT - germinal center OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cells OT - variants COIS- Declaration of interests Outside of the submitted work, M. Mahevas received research funds from GSK and personal fees from LFB and Amgen. J.-C.W. received consulting fees from Institut Merieux. P.B. received consulting fees from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. J.-M.P. received personal fees from Abbvie, Gilead, Merck, and Siemens Healthcare. F.A.R. is a member of the board of MELETIOS Therapeutics and of the Scientific Advisory Board of eureKARE. EDAT- 2022/04/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/07 CRDT- 2022/04/28 18:42 PHST- 2021/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/28 18:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(22)00173-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.04.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2022 Jun 14;55(6):1096-1104.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.04.002. Epub 2022 Apr 7. PMID- 35480625 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220429 LR - 20221022 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Apr 19 TI - Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 immunity influences potency, breadth, and durability of the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. PG - 100603 LID - S2666-3791(22)00120-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100603 [doi] LID - 100603 AB - The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic highlights the importance of determining the breadth and durability of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Herein, we characterize the humoral response in 27 naive and 40 recovered vaccinees. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and memory B cell (MBC) responses are durable up to 6 months, although antibody half-lives are shorter for naive recipients. The magnitude of the humoral responses to vaccination strongly correlates with responses to initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neutralization titers are lower against SARS-CoV-2 variants in both recovered and naive vaccinees, with titers more reduced in naive recipients. While the receptor-binding domain (RBD) is the main neutralizing target of circulating antibodies, Moderna-vaccinated naives show a lesser reliance on RBDs, with >25% neutralization remaining after depletion of RBD-binding antibodies. Overall, we observe that vaccination induces higher peak titers and improves durability in recovered compared with naive vaccinees. These findings have broad implications for current vaccine strategies deployed against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. CI - (c) 2022 The Author(s). FAU - Mantus, Grace AU - Mantus G AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Nyhoff, Lindsay E AU - Nyhoff LE AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Edara, Venkata-Viswanadh AU - Edara VV AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Zarnitsyna, Veronika I AU - Zarnitsyna VI AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Ciric, Caroline R AU - Ciric CR AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Flowers, Maria W AU - Flowers MW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Norwood, Carson AU - Norwood C AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Ellis, Madison AU - Ellis M AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Hussaini, Laila AU - Hussaini L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Manning, Kelly E AU - Manning KE AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Stephens, Kathy AU - Stephens K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Anderson, Evan J AU - Anderson EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Ahmed, Rafi AU - Ahmed R AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Suthar, Mehul S AU - Suthar MS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Wrammert, Jens AU - Wrammert J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: jwramme@emory.edu. LA - eng GR - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00017/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI057266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI074492/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 CA260563/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201400004C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220329 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Vaccination MH - *Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC8960152 OTO - NOTNLM OT - RBD OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody durability OT - humoral response OT - mRNA vaccination OT - memory B cells COIS- E.J.A. has consulted for Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur, Janssen, and Medscape, and his institution receives funds to conduct clinical research unrelated to this manuscript from MedImmune, Regeneron, PaxVax, Pfizer, GSK, Merck, Sanofi-Pasteur, Janssen, and Micron. He also serves on a safety monitoring board for Kentucky BioProcessing, Inc., and Sanofi Pasteur. His institution has also received funding from NIH to conduct clinical trials of Moderna and Janssen COVID-19 vaccines. M.S.S. serves on the advisory board for Moderna. EDAT- 2022/04/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/30 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/29 CRDT- 2022/04/28 06:31 PHST- 2021/12/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/28 06:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(22)00120-3 [pii] AID - 100603 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100603 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2022 Mar 29;3(4):100603. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100603. eCollection 2022 Apr 19. PMID- 35468973 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220716 IS - 2059-0105 (Electronic) IS - 2059-0105 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Apr 25 TI - A single intranasal dose of human parainfluenza virus type 3-vectored vaccine induces effective antibody and memory T cell response in the lungs and protects hamsters against SARS-CoV-2. PG - 47 LID - 10.1038/s41541-022-00471-3 [doi] LID - 47 AB - Respiratory tract vaccination has an advantage of needle-free delivery and induction of mucosal immune response in the portal of SARS-CoV-2 entry. We utilized human parainfluenza virus type 3 vector to generate constructs expressing the full spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, its S1 subunit, or the receptor-binding domain, and tested them in hamsters as single-dose intranasal vaccines. The construct bearing full-length S induced high titers of neutralizing antibodies specific to S protein domains critical to the protein functions. Robust memory T cell responses in the lungs were also induced, which represent an additional barrier to infection and should be less sensitive than the antibody responses to mutations present in SARS-CoV-2 variants. Following SARS-CoV-2 challenge, animals were protected from the disease and detectable viral replication. Vaccination prevented induction of gene pathways associated with inflammation. These results indicate advantages of respiratory vaccination against COVID-19 and inform the design of mucosal SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Ilinykh, Philipp A AU - Ilinykh PA AD - Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. AD - Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Periasamy, Sivakumar AU - Periasamy S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7038-5140 AD - Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. AD - Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Huang, Kai AU - Huang K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3373-5594 AD - Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. AD - Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Kuzmina, Natalia A AU - Kuzmina NA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6650-9369 AD - Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. AD - Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Ramanathan, Palaniappan AU - Ramanathan P AD - Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. AD - Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Meyer, Michelle N AU - Meyer MN AD - Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. AD - Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Mire, Chad E AU - Mire CE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7596-1808 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Kuzmin, Ivan V AU - Kuzmin IV AD - Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. AD - Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Bharaj, Preeti AU - Bharaj P AD - Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. AD - Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Endsley, Jessica R AU - Endsley JR AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Chikina, Maria AU - Chikina M AD - Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Sealfon, Stuart C AU - Sealfon SC AD - Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Widen, Steven G AU - Widen SG AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Endsley, Mark A AU - Endsley MA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. FAU - Bukreyev, Alexander AU - Bukreyev A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0342-4824 AD - Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. alexander.bukreyev@utmb.edu. AD - Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA. alexander.bukreyev@utmb.edu. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. alexander.bukreyev@utmb.edu. LA - eng GR - N/A/University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston | Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch (Institute for Translational Sciences at UTMB)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220425 PL - England TA - NPJ Vaccines JT - NPJ vaccines JID - 101699863 PMC - PMC9038905 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/04/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/27 06:01 PMCR- 2022/04/25 CRDT- 2022/04/26 05:20 PHST- 2021/12/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/26 05:20 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41541-022-00471-3 [pii] AID - 471 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41541-022-00471-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - NPJ Vaccines. 2022 Apr 25;7(1):47. doi: 10.1038/s41541-022-00471-3. PMID- 35455293 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230308 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Apr 1 TI - Cognition and Behavior of COVID-19 Vaccination Based on the Health Belief Model: A Cross-Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10040544 [doi] LID - 544 AB - Background: Vaccination is the most effective method for the prevention of COVID-19. However, willingness to be vaccinated is not consistent. This study aimed to explore vaccine cognition, risk perception, and health behavior of COVID-19 in China. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed in Guangdong province, China, including demographic characteristics, health status and preventive behaviors, cognition of COVID-19 vaccination, and the health belief model (HBM). Results: A total of 1640 participants were recruited. The main access to information about COVID-19 and vaccination as through official news and broadcasts (67.3%), social network software (58.7%), and professional popularization (46.2%). The precautions taken were wearing a mask (67.0%) and avoiding gathering together (71.3%). COVID-19 vaccination acceptability was different among different age groups and educational levels (p < 0.001). The major reasons for accepting vaccination included that it was an effective way to prevent COVID-19 (61.8%) and that it was required by working units/schools (51.1%). The fitting effect indexes of the (HBM) Model 2 showed better fitting than those of Model 1. In Model 2, perceived benefits (OR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.79-5.47), cues to action (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.60-3.11), and different occupations (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.04-1.23) were positively correlated with vaccine acceptance; while perceived susceptibility (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.30-0.74) and perceived barriers (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.29-0.69) were negative factors associated with vaccine acceptance. Conclusion: Different sociodemographic characteristics lead to differences in acceptance of vaccination, and the publicity and credibility of government play an indispensable role in epidemic control. The establishment of the HBM further predicted that perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, benefits of vaccination, barriers of cognition, and cue to action were the influencing factors of intention and health behaviors. FAU - Cai, Zemin AU - Cai Z AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. FAU - Hu, Wei AU - Hu W AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. FAU - Zheng, Shukai AU - Zheng S AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. FAU - Wen, Xilin AU - Wen X AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. FAU - Wu, Kusheng AU - Wu K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5163-2524 AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. LA - eng GR - SFK2020-53-42/Kusheng Wu/ GR - 2021ZDZX2023/Kusheng Wu/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220401 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC9030847 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - behavior OT - cognition OT - health belief model COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/04/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/04/01 CRDT- 2022/04/23 01:06 PHST- 2022/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/23 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10040544 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-00544 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10040544 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Apr 1;10(4):544. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10040544. PMID- 35452000 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220908 LR - 20250728 IS - 1536-0229 (Electronic) IS - 0363-9762 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 10 DP - 2022 Oct 1 TI - Alterations in 18 F-FDG PET/MRI and 15 O-Water PET Brain Findings in Patients With Neurological Symptoms After COVID-19 Vaccination: A Pilot Study: Reply. PG - e671-e672 LID - 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004223 [doi] FAU - Siripongsatian, Dheeratama AU - Siripongsatian D AD - National Cyclotron and PET Centre, Chulabhorn Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand Dheeratama.sir@cra.ac.th. FAU - Chotipanich, Chanisa AU - Chotipanich C LA - eng PT - Letter DEP - 20220422 PL - United States TA - Clin Nucl Med JT - Clinical nuclear medicine JID - 7611109 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) RN - 059QF0KO0R (Water) RN - 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18) SB - IM MH - Brain/diagnostic imaging MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 MH - Humans MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Pilot Projects MH - Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography MH - Positron-Emission Tomography MH - Radiopharmaceuticals MH - Vaccination MH - Water COIS- Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared. EDAT- 2022/04/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/09 06:00 CRDT- 2022/04/22 12:13 PHST- 2022/04/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/22 12:13 [entrez] AID - 00003072-202210000-00046 [pii] AID - 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004223 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Nucl Med. 2022 Oct 1;47(10):e671-e672. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004223. Epub 2022 Apr 22. PMID- 35447092 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220617 LR - 20260425 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Jun 14 TI - Analysis of memory B cells identifies conserved neutralizing epitopes on the N-terminal domain of variant SARS-Cov-2 spike proteins. PG - 998-1012.e8 LID - S1074-7613(22)00174-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.04.003 [doi] AB - SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination produces neutralizing antibody responses that contribute to better clinical outcomes. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike trimer (S) constitute the two major neutralizing targets for antibodies. Here, we use NTD-specific probes to capture anti-NTD memory B cells in a longitudinal cohort of infected individuals, some of whom were vaccinated. We found 6 complementation groups of neutralizing antibodies. 58% targeted epitopes outside the NTD supersite, 58% neutralized either Gamma or Omicron, and 14% were broad neutralizers that also neutralized Omicron. Structural characterization revealed that broadly active antibodies targeted three epitopes outside the NTD supersite including a class that recognized both the NTD and SD2 domain. Rapid recruitment of memory B cells producing these antibodies into the plasma cell compartment upon re-infection likely contributes to the relatively benign course of subsequent infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Wang, Zijun AU - Wang Z AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Muecksch, Frauke AU - Muecksch F AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Cho, Alice AU - Cho A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Gaebler, Christian AU - Gaebler C AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Hoffmann, Hans-Heinrich AU - Hoffmann HH AD - Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Ramos, Victor AU - Ramos V AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Zong, Shuai AU - Zong S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Cipolla, Melissa AU - Cipolla M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Johnson, Briana AU - Johnson B AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Schmidt, Fabian AU - Schmidt F AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - DaSilva, Justin AU - DaSilva J AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Bednarski, Eva AU - Bednarski E AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Ben Tanfous, Tarek AU - Ben Tanfous T AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Raspe, Raphael AU - Raspe R AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Yao, Kaihui AU - Yao K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Lee, Yu E AU - Lee YE AD - Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Chen, Teresia AU - Chen T AD - Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Turroja, Martina AU - Turroja M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Milard, Katrina G AU - Milard KG AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Dizon, Juan AU - Dizon J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Kaczynska, Anna AU - Kaczynska A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Gazumyan, Anna AU - Gazumyan A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Oliveira, Thiago Y AU - Oliveira TY AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Rice, Charles M AU - Rice CM AD - Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Caskey, Marina AU - Caskey M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA. Electronic address: pbieniasz@rockefeller.edu. FAU - Hatziioannou, Theodora AU - Hatziioannou T AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: thatziio@rockefeller.edu. FAU - Barnes, Christopher O AU - Barnes CO AD - Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. Electronic address: cobarnes@stanford.edu. FAU - Nussenzweig, Michel C AU - Nussenzweig MC AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA. Electronic address: nussen@rockefeller.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 AI078788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R37 AI064003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI111825/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United States GR - UL1 TR001866/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220407 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2022 Feb 01:2022.02.01.478695. doi: 10.1101/2022.02.01.478695. PMID: 35132412 MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Epitopes MH - Humans MH - Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC8986478 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - anti-NTD neutralizing antibodies COIS- Declaration of interests The Rockefeller University has filed a provisional patent application in connection with this work on which M.C.N. and Z.W. are inventors (US patent 17/575,246). EDAT- 2022/04/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/07 CRDT- 2022/04/21 20:11 PHST- 2022/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/21 20:11 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(22)00174-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.04.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2022 Jun 14;55(6):998-1012.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.04.003. Epub 2022 Apr 7. PMID- 35447072 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220503 LR - 20240923 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Apr 28 TI - mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron boost in vaccinated macaques elicits similar B cell expansion, neutralizing responses, and protection from Omicron. PG - 1556-1571.e18 LID - S0092-8674(22)00388-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.038 [doi] AB - SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is highly transmissible and has substantial resistance to neutralization following immunization with ancestral spike-matched vaccines. It is unclear whether boosting with Omicron-matched vaccines would enhance protection. Here, nonhuman primates that received mRNA-1273 at weeks 0 and 4 were boosted at week 41 with mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron. Neutralizing titers against D614G were 4,760 and 270 reciprocal ID(50) at week 6 (peak) and week 41 (preboost), respectively, and 320 and 110 for Omicron. 2 weeks after the boost, titers against D614G and Omicron increased to 5,360 and 2,980 for mRNA-1273 boost and 2,670 and 1,930 for mRNA-Omicron, respectively. Similar increases against BA.2 were observed. Following either boost, 70%-80% of spike-specific B cells were cross-reactive against WA1 and Omicron. Equivalent control of virus replication in lower airways was observed following Omicron challenge 1 month after either boost. These data show that mRNA-1273 and mRNA-Omicron elicit comparable immunity and protection shortly after the boost. CI - Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Gagne, Matthew AU - Gagne M AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Moliva, Juan I AU - Moliva JI AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Foulds, Kathryn E AU - Foulds KE AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Andrew, Shayne F AU - Andrew SF AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Flynn, Barbara J AU - Flynn BJ AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Werner, Anne P AU - Werner AP AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Wagner, Danielle A AU - Wagner DA AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Teng, I-Ting AU - Teng IT AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Lin, Bob C AU - Lin BC AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Moore, Christopher AU - Moore C AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Jean-Baptiste, Nazaire AU - Jean-Baptiste N AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Carroll, Robin AU - Carroll R AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Foster, Stephanie L AU - Foster SL AD - Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Patel, Mit AU - Patel M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Ellis, Madison AU - Ellis M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Edara, Venkata-Viswanadh AU - Edara VV AD - Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Maldonado, Nahara Vargas AU - Maldonado NV AD - Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Minai, Mahnaz AU - Minai M AD - Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA. FAU - McCormick, Lauren AU - McCormick L AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Honeycutt, Christopher Cole AU - Honeycutt CC AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Nagata, Bianca M AU - Nagata BM AD - Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Bock, Kevin W AU - Bock KW AD - Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Dulan, Caitlyn N M AU - Dulan CNM AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Cordon, Jamilet AU - Cordon J AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Flebbe, Dillon R AU - Flebbe DR AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Todd, John-Paul M AU - Todd JM AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - McCarthy, Elizabeth AU - McCarthy E AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Pessaint, Laurent AU - Pessaint L AD - Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Van Ry, Alex AU - Van Ry A AD - Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Narvaez, Brandon AU - Narvaez B AD - Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Valentin, Daniel AU - Valentin D AD - Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Cook, Anthony AU - Cook A AD - Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Dodson, Alan AU - Dodson A AD - Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Steingrebe, Katelyn AU - Steingrebe K AD - Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Nurmukhambetova, Saule T AU - Nurmukhambetova ST AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Godbole, Sucheta AU - Godbole S AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Henry, Amy R AU - Henry AR AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Laboune, Farida AU - Laboune F AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Roberts-Torres, Jesmine AU - Roberts-Torres J AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Lorang, Cynthia G AU - Lorang CG AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Amin, Shivani AU - Amin S AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Trost, Jessica AU - Trost J AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Naisan, Mursal AU - Naisan M AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Basappa, Manjula AU - Basappa M AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Willis, Jacquelyn AU - Willis J AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Wang, Lingshu AU - Wang L AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Shi, Wei AU - Shi W AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Doria-Rose, Nicole A AU - Doria-Rose NA AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Zhang, Yi AU - Zhang Y AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Yang, Eun Sung AU - Yang ES AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Leung, Kwanyee AU - Leung K AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - O'Dell, Sijy AU - O'Dell S AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Schmidt, Stephen D AU - Schmidt SD AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Olia, Adam S AU - Olia AS AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Liu, Cuiping AU - Liu C AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Harris, Darcy R AU - Harris DR AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Chuang, Gwo-Yu AU - Chuang GY AD - Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. FAU - Stewart-Jones, Guillaume AU - Stewart-Jones G AD - Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. FAU - Renzi, Isabella AU - Renzi I AD - Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. FAU - Lai, Yen-Ting AU - Lai YT AD - Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. FAU - Malinowski, Agata AU - Malinowski A AD - Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. FAU - Wu, Kai AU - Wu K AD - Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. FAU - Mascola, John R AU - Mascola JR AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Carfi, Andrea AU - Carfi A AD - Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. FAU - Kwong, Peter D AU - Kwong PD AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Edwards, Darin K AU - Edwards DK AD - Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. FAU - Lewis, Mark G AU - Lewis MG AD - Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Andersen, Hanne AU - Andersen H AD - Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. FAU - Corbett, Kizzmekia S AU - Corbett KS AD - Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Nason, Martha C AU - Nason MC AD - Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - McDermott, Adrian B AU - McDermott AB AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Suthar, Mehul S AU - Suthar MS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Moore, Ian N AU - Moore IN AD - Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Roederer, Mario AU - Roederer M AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Sullivan, Nancy J AU - Sullivan NJ AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. FAU - Douek, Daniel C AU - Douek DC AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: ddouek@mail.nih.gov. FAU - Seder, Robert A AU - Seder RA AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: rseder@mail.nih.gov. LA - eng GR - HHSN272201400004C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220325 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - EPK39PL4R4 (2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273) SB - IM MH - 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Macaca MH - RNA, Messenger MH - *SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8947944 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - Omicron OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - antibody OT - boost OT - immune memory OT - mRNA vaccine OT - original antigenic sin COIS- Declaration of interests K.S.C. is an inventor on U.S. Patent no. 10,960,070 B2 and International Patent Application no. WO/2018/081318 entitled "Prefusion Coronavirus Spike Proteins and Their Use." K.S.C. is an inventor on U.S. Patent Application no. 62/972,886 entitled "2019-nCoV Vaccine." A.R.H., L.W., W.S., Y.Z., E.S.Y., J.R.M., P.D.K., M.R., N.J.S., and D.C.D. are inventors on U.S. Patent Application no. 63/147,419 entitled "Antibodies Targeting the Spike Protein of Coronaviruses." L.P., A.V.R., B.N., D.V., A. Cook, A.D., K.S., H.A., and M.G.L. are employees of Bioqual. K.S.C., L.W., W.S., and Y.Z. are inventors on multiple U.S. Patent Applications entitled "Anti-Coronavirus Antibodies and Methods of Use." G.-Y.C., G.S.-J., I.R., Y.-T.L., A.M., K.W., A. Carfi, and D.K.E. are employees of Moderna. M.S.S. serves on the scientific board of advisors for Moderna and Ocugen. The other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/04/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/04 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/25 CRDT- 2022/04/21 20:11 PHST- 2022/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/21 20:11 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(22)00388-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.038 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2022 Apr 28;185(9):1556-1571.e18. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.038. Epub 2022 Mar 25. PMID- 35447027 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220708 LR - 20240831 IS - 1476-4687 (Electronic) IS - 0028-0836 (Print) IS - 0028-0836 (Linking) VI - 607 IP - 7917 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Increased memory B cell potency and breadth after a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA boost. PG - 128-134 LID - 10.1038/s41586-022-04778-y [doi] AB - The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infected many vaccinated and convalescent individuals(1-3). Despite the reduced protection from infection, individuals who received three doses of an mRNA vaccine were highly protected from more serious consequences of infection(4). Here we examine the memory B cell repertoire in a longitudinal cohort of individuals receiving three mRNA vaccine doses(5,6). We find that the third dose is accompanied by an increase in, and evolution of, receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B cells. The increase is due to expansion of memory B cell clones that were present after the second dose as well as the emergence of new clones. The antibodies encoded by these cells showed significantly increased potency and breadth when compared with antibodies obtained after the second dose. Notably, the increase in potency was especially evident among newly developing clones of memory cells, which differed from persisting clones in targeting more conserved regions of the RBD. Overall, more than 50% of the analysed neutralizing antibodies in the memory compartment after the third mRNA vaccine dose neutralized the Omicron variant. Thus, individuals receiving three doses of an mRNA vaccine have a diverse memory B cell repertoire that can respond rapidly and produce antibodies capable of clearing even diversified variants such as Omicron. These data help to explain why a third dose of a vaccine that was not specifically designed to protect against variants is effective against variant-induced serious disease. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Muecksch, Frauke AU - Muecksch F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0132-5101 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Wang, Zijun AU - Wang Z AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Cho, Alice AU - Cho A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6354-6148 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Gaebler, Christian AU - Gaebler C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7295-8128 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Ben Tanfous, Tarek AU - Ben Tanfous T AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - DaSilva, Justin AU - DaSilva J AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Bednarski, Eva AU - Bednarski E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4438-5590 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Ramos, Victor AU - Ramos V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7353-3420 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Zong, Shuai AU - Zong S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7067-6757 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Johnson, Brianna AU - Johnson B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3214-284X AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Raspe, Raphael AU - Raspe R AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Schaefer-Babajew, Dennis AU - Schaefer-Babajew D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5380-2950 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Shimeliovich, Irina AU - Shimeliovich I AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Daga, Mridushi AU - Daga M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Yao, Kai-Hui AU - Yao KH AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Schmidt, Fabian AU - Schmidt F AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Millard, Katrina G AU - Millard KG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2247-3178 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Turroja, Martina AU - Turroja M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9640-0559 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Jankovic, Mila AU - Jankovic M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Oliveira, Thiago Y AU - Oliveira TY AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Gazumyan, Anna AU - Gazumyan A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Caskey, Marina AU - Caskey M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1727-8693 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Hatziioannou, Theodora AU - Hatziioannou T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7889-0766 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. thatziio@rockefeller.edu. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2368-3719 AD - Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. pbieniasz@rockefeller.edu. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. pbieniasz@rockefeller.edu. FAU - Nussenzweig, Michel C AU - Nussenzweig MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0592-8564 AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. nussen@rockefeller.edu. AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. nussen@rockefeller.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 AI078788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI138938/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R37-AI64003/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - R01AI78788/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - R37 AI064003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI111825/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United States GR - UL1 TR001866/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - 2U19AI111825/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - P01-AI138398-S1/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ GR - P01 AI165075/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220421 PL - England TA - Nature JT - Nature JID - 0410462 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology MH - Humans MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - *SARS-CoV-2/genetics/immunology MH - *mRNA Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology PMC - PMC9259484 MID - NIHMS1809130 COIS- The Rockefeller University has filed a provisional patent application in connection with this work, on which M.C.N. is an inventor (US patent 63/021,387). The patent has been licensed by Rockefeller University to Bristol Meyers Squib. P.D.B. has received remuneration from Pfizer for consulting services related to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. EDAT- 2022/04/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/21 CRDT- 2022/04/21 20:01 PHST- 2022/02/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/21 20:01 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41586-022-04778-y [pii] AID - 4778 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41586-022-04778-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nature. 2022 Jul;607(7917):128-134. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04778-y. Epub 2022 Apr 21. PMID- 35441229 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220816 LR - 20260821 IS - 1537-6591 (Electronic) IS - 1058-4838 (Print) IS - 1058-4838 (Linking) VI - 75 IP - Suppl 1 DP - 2022 Aug 15 TI - Observations and Perspectives on Adaptive Immunity to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). PG - S24-S29 LID - 10.1093/cid/ciac310 [doi] AB - Since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic began 2 years ago, the scientific community has swiftly worked to understand the transmission, pathogenesis, and immune response of this virus to implement public health policies and ultimately project an end to the pandemic. In this perspective, we present our work identifying SARS-CoV-2 epitopes to quantify T-cell responses and review how T cells may help protect against severe disease. We examine our prior studies which demonstrate durable humoral and cell-mediated memory in natural infection and vaccination. We discuss how SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells from either natural infection or vaccination can recognize emerging variants of concern, suggesting that the currently approved vaccines may be sufficient. We also discuss how pre-existing cross-reactive T cells promote rapid development of immune memory to SARS-CoV-2. We finally posit how identifying SARS-CoV-2 epitopes can help us develop a pan-coronavirus vaccine to prepare for future pandemics. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Dan, Jennifer AU - Dan J AD - La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - da Silva Antunes, Ricardo AU - da Silva Antunes R AD - La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AD - La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, La Jolla, California, USA. LA - eng GR - 75N93021C00016/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA260541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K08 A135078/NH/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - United States TA - Clin Infect Dis JT - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America JID - 9203213 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes) SB - IM MH - Adaptive Immunity MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Epitopes MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9383833 OTO - NOTNLM OT - epitopes OT - immune memory OT - pre-existing cross-reactive OT - variants COIS- Potential conflicts of interest. D. W.'s and S. C.'s affiliated institution, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T-cell epitome and vaccine design work. S. C. has received payments or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speaker's bureaus, manuscript writing, or education events with JP Morgan, Citi, Morgan Stanley, Avalia NZ, J&J, and Roche. They have also received payment for expert testimony from the University of California, California State University, the State of California, and United Airlines. They have also participated in a data safety monitoring or advisory board with GSK. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. EDAT- 2022/04/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/17 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/20 CRDT- 2022/04/20 05:56 PHST- 2022/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/20 05:56 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6571103 [pii] AID - ciac310 [pii] AID - 10.1093/cid/ciac310 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 15;75(Suppl 1):S24-S29. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac310. PMID- 35440456 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220421 LR - 20220716 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Apr 19 TI - Protocol of a multiphase study on telemedicine for older adults in primary care. PG - e057061 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057061 [doi] LID - e057061 AB - INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine (TM) has been adopted by many health authorities to limit unnecessary exposure during COVID-19. Prior to the pandemic, TM was associated with improvement of quality of life of older patients, low hospital admissions and nursing home placement, and high overall patients' satisfaction due to convenience. However, older adults may face challenges to access TM, such as hearing, visual and cognitive decline, and limited access to Internet and devices. Ongoing vaccination campaigns and sanitary measures are keeping the pandemic under control, but new variants threaten public safety. Specific recommendations on TM use in high-risk populations, such as older adults, are therefore required. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: To assess the challenges of TM use in the routine primary healthcare practice of older adults. The research objective is to examine the potential effect of TM; (1) to describe the evidence of TM, (2) to understand the patients, caregivers and clinicians' experiences with TM use and (3) to develop practice-based and evidence-based recommendations on effective use of TM. Multiphase design: (1) systematic mixed studies review on the evidence of TM use, (2) qualitative descriptive study on the experiences of the patients, caregivers and healthcare professionals. Recommendations will be proposed based on the integration of both studies. In accordance with PRISMA statement, the systematic mixed studies review will be conducted through multiple databases search: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, AgeLine, Cochrane Library. POPULATION STUDIED: Community-dwelling 65 years and older adults using two-way synchronous TM by phone or video in a primary care setting. The qualitative descriptive study will include individual interviews with older adults from four McGill university affiliated primary care practices and focus groups with their healthcare professionals. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval has been received. Results will inform healthcare professionals and policy-makers on sustainable use of TM in primary care for older adults. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: The review protocol has been recorded at the PROSPERO, CRD42021237686 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Khanassov, Vladimir AU - Khanassov V AD - Family Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada vladimir.khanassov@mcgill.ca. FAU - Ilali, Marwa AU - Ilali M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2574-1134 AD - Family Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. FAU - Vedel, Isabelle AU - Vedel I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6873-1681 AD - Family Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220419 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Primary Health Care MH - Qualitative Research MH - Quality of Life MH - Systematic Reviews as Topic MH - *Telemedicine PMC - PMC9020289 OTO - NOTNLM OT - GERIATRIC MEDICINE OT - PRIMARY CARE OT - Telemedicine COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2022/04/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/22 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/19 CRDT- 2022/04/20 05:27 PHST- 2022/04/20 05:27 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2021-057061 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057061 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2022 Apr 19;12(4):e057061. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057061. PMID- 35432340 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220419 LR - 20231101 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - CD8(+) T Cells in SARS-CoV-2 Induced Disease and Cancer-Clinical Perspectives. PG - 864298 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864298 [doi] LID - 864298 AB - Dysregulated innate and adaptive immunity is a sign of SARS-CoV-2-induced disease and cancer. CD8(+) T cells are important cells of the immune system. The cells belong to the adaptive immunity and take a front-line defense against viral infections and cancer. Extreme CD8(+) T-cell activities in the lung of patients with a SARS-CoV-2-induced disease and within the tumor microenvironment (TME) will change their functionality into exhausted state and undergo apoptosis. Such diminished immunity will put cancer cases at a high-risk group for SARS-CoV-2-induced disease, rendering viral sepsis and a more severe condition which will finally cause a higher rate of mortality. Recovering responses from CD8(+) T cells is a purpose of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this review is to discuss the CD8(+) T cellular state in SARS-CoV-2-induced disease and in cancer and to present some strategies for recovering the functionality of these critical cells. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Mortezaee and Majidpoor. FAU - Mortezaee, Keywan AU - Mortezaee K AD - Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. FAU - Majidpoor, Jamal AU - Majidpoor J AD - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20220401 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM MH - Adaptive Immunity MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - *Neoplasms MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Tumor Microenvironment PMC - PMC9010719 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8+ T cell OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cancer OT - exhaustion OT - hypoxia OT - immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) OT - memory T cell OT - programmed death 1 receptor (PD-1) COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/04/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/20 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/01 CRDT- 2022/04/18 06:34 PHST- 2022/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/18 06:34 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864298 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Apr 1;13:864298. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864298. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35431381 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240910 IS - 0191-8869 (Print) IS - 0191-8869 (Electronic) IS - 0191-8869 (Linking) VI - 194 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Don't believe it! A global perspective on cognitive reflection and conspiracy theories about COVID-19 pandemic. PG - 111666 LID - 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111666 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic increased the saliency of an old phenomenon - conspiracy theories. In times of a global crisis and an unprecedented access to information, fake news seems to spread as fast as the virus. A global pandemic requires more than ever self-compliance. Only behavior change and vaccination on a large scale can bring us to normality. Yet believing in conspiracy theories about COVID-19 is expected to undermine such compliance. What determines susceptibility to believing in misinformation? In this study, using data on mostly representative samples of 45 countries around the world (38,113 participants), we found evidence that people with more deliberate thinking are less likely to believe in conspiracy theories. Furthermore, on the individual level people who are more prone to believe in conspiracy theories are less likely to comply with behavior change. We are in the midst of the biggest coordination game and such insights in social psychology can inform policymakers. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. FAU - Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, Elena AU - Kantorowicz-Reznichenko E AD - Rotterdam Institute of Law and Economics (RILE), Erasmus School of Law, Erasmus University Rotterdam. FAU - Folmer, Chris Reinders AU - Folmer CR AD - Department of Jurisprudence, Center for Law and Behavior, Amsterdam Law School, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Kantorowicz, Jaroslaw AU - Kantorowicz J AD - Institute of Security and Global Affairs and Department of Economics, Leiden University, the Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220412 PL - England TA - Pers Individ Dif JT - Personality and individual differences JID - 8006972 PMC - PMC9001194 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Analytical thinking OT - COVID-19 pandemic OT - Compliance OT - Conspiracy theories EDAT- 2022/04/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/19 06:01 PMCR- 2022/04/12 CRDT- 2022/04/18 06:31 PHST- 2021/12/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/19 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/18 06:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0191-8869(22)00170-2 [pii] AID - 111666 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111666 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pers Individ Dif. 2022 Aug;194:111666. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111666. Epub 2022 Apr 12. PMID- 35431254 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220621 LR - 20220722 IS - 1875-8908 (Electronic) IS - 1387-2877 (Linking) VI - 87 IP - 4 DP - 2022 TI - Prevalence and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Community-Dwelling People with Dementia: Findings from a Tertiary Memory Clinic in Italy. PG - 1467-1474 LID - 10.3233/JAD-220077 [doi] AB - This study aimed to explore the prevalence and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in individuals with dementia. Patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia were recruited at a tertiary memory clinic, from March 15 to September 15, 2021. Information on COVID-19 vaccination and adverse events experienced after vaccine administration were collected from caregivers. Two-hundred-seventy subjects were finally recruited. Among them, 253 (93.7%) had received the vaccine and only 69 (27.3%) experienced adverse events. Cognitive and behavioral changes following immunization were only rarely reported. COVID-19 vaccination is safe and well-tolerated in patients with cognitive impairment who should be prioritized in the vaccination campaign. FAU - Valletta, Martina AU - Valletta M AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Canevelli, Marco AU - Canevelli M AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. AD - National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. FAU - D'Antonio, Fabrizia AU - D'Antonio F AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Trebbastoni, Alessandro AU - Trebbastoni A AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Talarico, Giuseppina AU - Talarico G AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Campanelli, Alessandra AU - Campanelli A AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sepe Monti, Micaela AU - Sepe Monti M AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Vita, Antonella AU - Di Vita A AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Salati, Emanuela AU - Salati E AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Imbriano, Letizia AU - Imbriano L AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Margiotta, Roberta AU - Margiotta R AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Barbetti, Sonia AU - Barbetti S AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Diana, Sofia AU - Diana S AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Buscarnera, Simona AU - Buscarnera S AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Toccaceli Blasi, Marco AU - Toccaceli Blasi M AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Salzillo, Martina AU - Salzillo M AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pugliese, Giuseppe AU - Pugliese G AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. FAU - Vanacore, Nicola AU - Vanacore N AD - National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bruno, Giuseppe AU - Bruno G AD - Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Letter PL - United States TA - J Alzheimers Dis JT - Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD JID - 9814863 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Dementia/epidemiology/psychology MH - Humans MH - Independent Living MH - Prevalence MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - *Vaccines OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognitive impairment OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - dementia OT - vaccination OT - vaccines EDAT- 2022/04/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/22 06:00 CRDT- 2022/04/18 05:54 PHST- 2022/04/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/18 05:54 [entrez] AID - JAD220077 [pii] AID - 10.3233/JAD-220077 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Alzheimers Dis. 2022;87(4):1467-1474. doi: 10.3233/JAD-220077. PMID- 35430818 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220419 LR - 20220621 IS - 1551-0018 (Electronic) IS - 1547-1063 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 5 DP - 2022 Feb 28 TI - Solution of a dynamical memory effect COVID-19 infection system with leaky vaccination efficacy by non-singular kernel fractional derivatives. PG - 4341-4367 LID - 10.3934/mbe.2022201 [doi] AB - In this paper, the recent trends of COVID-19 infection spread have been studied to explore the advantages of leaky vaccination dynamics in SEVR (Susceptible Effected Vaccinated Recovered) compartmental model with the help of Caputo-Fabrizio (CF) and Atangana-Baleanu derivative in the Caputo sense (ABC) non-singular kernel fractional derivative operators with memory effect within the model to show possible long-term approaches of the infection along with limited defensive vaccine efficacy that can be designed numerically over the closed interval ranging from 0 to 1. One of the main goals is to provide a stepping information about the usefulness of the aforementioned non-singular kernel fractional approaches for a lenient case as well as a critical case in COVID-19 infection spread. Another is to investigate the effect of death rate on state variables. The estimation of death rate for state variables with suitable vaccine efficacy has a significant role in the stability of state variables in terms of basic reproduction number that is derived using next generation matrix method, and order of the fractional derivative. For non-integral orders the pandemic modeling sense viz, CF and ABC, has been compared thoroughly. Graphical presentations together with numerical results have proposed that the methodology is powerful and accurate which can provide new speculations for COVID-19 dynamical systems. FAU - Dhar, Biplab AU - Dhar B AD - Department of Mathematics-SoPS, DIT University, Uttarakhand 248009, India. FAU - Gupta, Praveen Kumar AU - Gupta PK AD - Department of Mathematics, NIT Silchar, Assam 788010, India. FAU - Sajid, Mohammad AU - Sajid M AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Math Biosci Eng JT - Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE JID - 101197794 SB - IM MH - Basic Reproduction Number MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Epidemiological Models MH - Humans MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - Banach fixed-point theorem OT - basic reproduction number OT - non-singular kernel fractional derivative OT - stability analysis OT - vaccine efficacy EDAT- 2022/04/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/20 06:00 CRDT- 2022/04/18 05:32 PHST- 2022/04/18 05:32 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/20 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.3934/mbe.2022201 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Math Biosci Eng. 2022 Feb 28;19(5):4341-4367. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2022201. PMID- 35417628 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230217 LR - 20250930 IS - 1552-5279 (Electronic) IS - 1552-5260 (Print) IS - 1552-5260 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb TI - COVID-19 breakthrough infections and hospitalizations among vaccinated patients with dementia in the United States between December 2020 and August 2021. PG - 421-432 LID - 10.1002/alz.12669 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: There is lack of data on COVID-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated patients with dementia in the United States. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of 262,847 vaccinated older adults (age 73.8 +/- 6.81 years old) between December 2020 and August 2021. RESULTS: Among the fully vaccinated patients with dementia, the overall risk of COVID-19 breakthrough infections ranged from 8.6% to 12.4%. Patients with dementia were at increased risk for breakthrough infections compared with patients without dementia, with the highest odds for patients with Lewy body dementia (LBD) (adjusted odds ratio or AOR: 3.06, 95% confidence interval or CI [1.45 to 6.66]), followed by vascular dementia (VD) (AOR: 1.99, 95% CI [1.42 to 2.80]), Alzheimer's disease (AD) (1.53, 95% CI [1.22 to 1.92]), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (AOR: 1.78, 95% CI [1.51 to 2.11]). The incidence rate of breakthrough infections among fully vaccinated patients with dementia increased since December 2020 and accelerated after May 2021. The overall risk for hospitalization after breakthrough infections in patients with dementia was 39.5% for AD, 46.2% for VD, and 30.4% for MCI. DISCUSSION: These results highlight the need to continuously monitor breakthrough severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and outcomes in vaccinated patients with dementia. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association. FAU - Wang, Lindsey AU - Wang L AD - Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. FAU - Davis, Pamela B AU - Davis PB AD - Center for Community Health Integration, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. FAU - Kaelber, David C AU - Kaelber DC AD - The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. FAU - Xu, Rong AU - Xu R AD - Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 AG057557/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AG076649/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002548/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AA029831/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States GR - R56 AG062272/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AG061388/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - RF1 AG076649/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 EY029297/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20220413 PL - United States TA - Alzheimers Dement JT - Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association JID - 101231978 RN - COVID-19 breakthrough infections SB - IM MH - Humans MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Breakthrough Infections MH - Retrospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Hospitalization MH - *Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology MH - *Dementia, Vascular PMC - PMC9073984 MID - NIHMS1790795 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Alzheimer's Disease OT - COVID-19 OT - Lewy body dementia OT - breakthrough infections OT - dementia OT - frontotemporal dementia OT - mild cognitive impairment OT - patient electronic health records OT - vaccine OT - vascular dementia COIS- Pamela B. Davis has served on External Advisory Board of University of Chicago, Board of trustees of Judson foundation, Board of directors of clinical research forum, Board of directors BioEnterprise. Lindsey Want, David C. Kaelber, and Rong Xu have no outside interests to declare. Lindsey Wang, David C. Kaelber, Pamela B. Davis, and Rong Xu have no financial interests to disclose. EDAT- 2022/04/14 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/13 CRDT- 2022/04/13 17:13 PHST- 2022/01/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/13 17:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ALZ12669 [pii] AID - 10.1002/alz.12669 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Alzheimers Dement. 2023 Feb;19(2):421-432. doi: 10.1002/alz.12669. Epub 2022 Apr 13. PMID- 35415890 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220414 LR - 20220516 IS - 2001-1326 (Electronic) IS - 2001-1326 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Apr TI - Deciphering the quality of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response associated with disease severity, immune memory and heterologous response. PG - e802 LID - 10.1002/ctm2.802 [doi] LID - e802 AB - SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response has been associated with disease severity, immune memory and heterologous response to endemic coronaviruses. However, an integrative approach combining a comprehensive analysis of the quality of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response with antibody levels in these three scenarios is needed. In the present study, we found that, in acute infection, while mild disease was associated with high T-cell polyfunctionality biased to IL-2 production and inversely correlated with anti-S IgG levels, combinations only including IFN-gamma with the absence of perforin production predominated in severe disease. Seven months after infection, both non-hospitalised and previously hospitalised patients presented robust anti-S IgG levels and SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response. In addition, only previously hospitalised patients showed a T-cell exhaustion profile. Finally, combinations including IL-2 in response to S protein of endemic coronaviruses were the ones associated with SARS-CoV-2 S-specific T-cell response in pre-COVID-19 healthy donors' samples. These results could have implications for protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and recurrent COVID-19 and may help for the design of new prototypes and boosting vaccine strategies. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Clinical and Translational Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics. FAU - Perez-Gomez, Alberto AU - Perez-Gomez A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3644-2914 AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Gasca-Capote, Carmen AU - Gasca-Capote C AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Vitalle, Joana AU - Vitalle J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5292-1851 AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Ostos, Francisco J AU - Ostos FJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6583-6974 AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Serna-Gallego, Ana AU - Serna-Gallego A AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Trujillo-Rodriguez, Maria AU - Trujillo-Rodriguez M AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Munoz-Muela, Esperanza AU - Munoz-Muela E AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Giraldez-Perez, Teresa AU - Giraldez-Perez T AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Praena-Segovia, Julia AU - Praena-Segovia J AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Navarro-Amuedo, Maria D AU - Navarro-Amuedo MD AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Paniagua-Garcia, Maria AU - Paniagua-Garcia M AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Gutierrez, Manuel AU - Garcia-Gutierrez M AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Aguilar-Guisado, Manuela AU - Aguilar-Guisado M AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Rivas-Jeremias, Inmaculada AU - Rivas-Jeremias I AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Jimenez-Leon, Maria Reyes AU - Jimenez-Leon MR AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Bachiller, Sara AU - Bachiller S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9000-3787 AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Villar, Alberto AU - Fernandez-Villar A AD - Pneumology Service, Galicia Sur Health Research Instituto (IIS Galicia Sur), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, SERGAS-UVigo, Vigo, Spain. FAU - Perez-Gonzalez, Alexandre AU - Perez-Gonzalez A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4836-6768 AD - Group of Virology and Pathogenesis, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, SERGAS-UVigo, Vigo, Spain. AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, SERGAS-UVigo, Vigo, Spain. FAU - Gutierrez-Valencia, Alicia AU - Gutierrez-Valencia A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3445-1574 AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Rafii-El-Idrissi Benhnia, Mohammed AU - Rafii-El-Idrissi Benhnia M AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA. FAU - Lopez-Cortes, Luis F AU - Lopez-Cortes LF AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. FAU - Poveda, Eva AU - Poveda E AD - Group of Virology and Pathogenesis, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, SERGAS-UVigo, Vigo, Spain. FAU - Ruiz-Mateos, Ezequiel AU - Ruiz-Mateos E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6747-7813 AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. CN - Virgen del Rocio Hospital COVID-19 and COHVID-GS Working Teams AD - Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Clin Transl Med JT - Clinical and translational medicine JID - 101597971 RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Interleukin-2) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Interleukin-2 MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - T-Lymphocytes PMC - PMC9005926 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - IL-2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Spike OT - T-cell response OT - endemic coronaviruses OT - nucleocapsid OT - polyfunctionality COIS- Alessandro Sette is a consultant for Gritstone, Flow Pharma, Arcturus, Immunoscape, CellCarta, OxfordImmunotech and Avalia. LJI has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. All other authors declare that they have no competing financial interests. EDAT- 2022/04/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/12 CRDT- 2022/04/13 05:39 PHST- 2022/03/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/12/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/13 05:39 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CTM2802 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ctm2.802 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Transl Med. 2022 Apr;12(4):e802. doi: 10.1002/ctm2.802. PMID- 35413241 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220503 LR - 20240923 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Apr 28 TI - Imprinted SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes define hybrid immunity. PG - 1588-1601.e14 LID - S0092-8674(22)00328-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.018 [doi] AB - Immune memory is tailored by cues that lymphocytes perceive during priming. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic created a situation in which nascent memory could be tracked through additional antigen exposures. Both SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination induce multifaceted, functional immune memory, but together, they engender improved protection from disease, termed hybrid immunity. We therefore investigated how vaccine-induced memory is shaped by previous infection. We found that following vaccination, previously infected individuals generated more SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific memory B cells and variant-neutralizing antibodies and a distinct population of IFN-gamma and IL-10-expressing memory SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4(+) T cells than previously naive individuals. Although additional vaccination could increase humoral memory in previously naive individuals, it did not recapitulate the distinct CD4(+) T cell cytokine profile observed in previously infected subjects. Thus, imprinted features of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes define hybrid immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Rodda, Lauren B AU - Rodda LB AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Morawski, Peter A AU - Morawski PA AD - Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Pruner, Kurt B AU - Pruner KB AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Fahning, Mitchell L AU - Fahning ML AD - Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Howard, Christian A AU - Howard CA AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Franko, Nicholas AU - Franko N AD - Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Logue, Jennifer AU - Logue J AD - Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Eggenberger, Julie AU - Eggenberger J AD - Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Stokes, Caleb AU - Stokes C AD - Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Golez, Inah AU - Golez I AD - Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Hale, Malika AU - Hale M AD - Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Gale, Michael Jr AU - Gale M Jr AD - Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Chu, Helen Y AU - Chu HY AD - Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Campbell, Daniel J AU - Campbell DJ AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Pepper, Marion AU - Pepper M AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. Electronic address: mpepper@uw.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 AI118803/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI158788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI106677/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - S10 OD024979/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI007140/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI127726/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI142001/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI151698/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI125378/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220317 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19/immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - T-Lymphocytes PMC - PMC8926873 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive immune response OT - human OT - hybrid Immunity OT - memory B cell OT - memory T cell OT - vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests M.P. is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of VaxArt and NeoLeukin Inc. EDAT- 2022/04/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/04 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/17 CRDT- 2022/04/12 20:10 PHST- 2022/01/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/12 20:10 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(22)00328-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.018 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2022 Apr 28;185(9):1588-1601.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.018. Epub 2022 Mar 17. PMID- 35397666 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220608 LR - 20231105 IS - 1420-908X (Electronic) IS - 1023-3830 (Print) IS - 1023-3830 (Linking) VI - 71 IP - 5-6 DP - 2022 Jun TI - Anti-coronavirus vaccines will not accelerate the transition of humanity to a non-pandemic period, but the pandemic will take fewer victims. PG - 521-536 LID - 10.1007/s00011-022-01567-1 [doi] AB - The vaccination rate worldwide has reached enormous proportions, and it is likely that at least 75% of the world's population will be vaccinated. The controversy is that, while people aged 65 and older suffer a significantly higher mortality rate from COVID-19, plans are being made to vaccinate young people under the age of 20. Equally thorny is the question of vaccinating people who already have antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, as well as B and T memory cells, because they contracted and survived the virus. The possible consequences of large-scale vaccination are difficult to predict, when some people do not have access to the vaccine at all and others have already received 3 doses of the vaccine. SARS-CoV-2 will circulate through the human population forever and continue to mutate, as viruses do. Therefore, in the coming years, the need to develop and use effective vaccines and medicines for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 will remain urgent in view of the high mortality rate from this disease. To date, three vaccine platforms have been most used: adenoviral vector, inactivated, and mRNA. There is some concern about the side effects that occur after vaccination. Whether modern anti-coronavirus vaccines can raise the safety threshold, only time will answer. It is obvious that the pandemic will end, but the virus will remain in the human population, leaving behind invaluable experience and tens of millions of victims. This article is based on search retrieves in research articles devoted to COVID-19 mainly published in 2020-2021 and examines the possible consequences of the worldwide vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and suggests that, while anti-coronavirus vaccines will not magically transport humanity to a non-pandemic world, they may greatly reduce the number of victims of the pandemic and help us learn how to live with COVID-19. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. FAU - Oberemok, V V AU - Oberemok VV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7472-2389 AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. genepcr@mail.ru. AD - Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. genepcr@mail.ru. FAU - Andreeva, O A AU - Andreeva OA AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. AD - Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. FAU - Laikova, K V AU - Laikova KV AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. AD - Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. FAU - Novikov, I A AU - Novikov IA AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. FAU - Puzanova, Y V AU - Puzanova YV AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. AD - Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. FAU - Kubyshkin, A V AU - Kubyshkin AV AD - Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea. LA - eng GR - No. FZEG-2021-0009/Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220410 PL - Switzerland TA - Inflamm Res JT - Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] JID - 9508160 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - *Pandemics/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8994861 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Immunity OT - Immunological memory OT - Pandemic OT - Reinfection OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/04/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/10 CRDT- 2022/04/10 20:12 PHST- 2022/01/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/10 20:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00011-022-01567-1 [pii] AID - 1567 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00011-022-01567-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Inflamm Res. 2022 Jun;71(5-6):521-536. doi: 10.1007/s00011-022-01567-1. Epub 2022 Apr 10. PMID- 35395612 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220603 LR - 20230508 IS - 1873-5347 (Electronic) IS - 0277-9536 (Print) IS - 0277-9536 (Linking) VI - 301 DP - 2022 May TI - Cognitive underpinnings of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. PG - 114911 LID - S0277-9536(22)00217-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114911 [doi] AB - RATIONALE: Vaccines save lives. Despite the undisputed value of vaccination, vaccine hesitancy continues to be a major global challenge, particularly throughout the COVID-19 global pandemic. Since vaccination decisions are counter-intuitive and cognitively demanding, we propose that vaccine hesitancy is associated with executive function-a group of high-level cognitive skills including attentional control, working memory, inhibition, self-regulation, cognitive flexibility, and strategic planning. OBJECTIVE: We set out to test (i) whether vaccine hesitancy is driven by individual differences in executive function beyond established socio-demographic factors (e.g., education, political orientation, gender, ethnicity, age, religiosity) and depressed mood, and (ii) whether this relationship is exacerbated by situational stress. METHODS: Two studies were conducted with U.S. residents. Using a cross-sectional design, Study 1 examined the associations between executive function, socio-demographic factors, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, trust in health authorities, and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Using an experimental design, Study 2 focused solely on unvaccinated individuals and tested the interactive effect of executive function and stress on willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. We used ordinal logistic regressions to analyze the data. RESULTS: Individual differences in executive function predicted participants' COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, trust in health authorities, and their willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19. Importantly, the unique contribution of executive function to vaccine hesitancy could not be explained by socio-demographic factors or depressed mood. Furthermore, Study 2 revealed that weaker executive function had detrimental effects on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and trust in health authorities mainly under heightened stress. CONCLUSIONS: Individual differences in executive function and situational stress jointly impact COVID-19 vaccination decisions and need to be considered together when designing health communications aimed at reducing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Interventions that lower stress and promote trust have the potential to increase vaccine acceptance, especially for individuals with weaker executive function. CI - Copyright (c) 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Acar-Burkay, Sinem AU - Acar-Burkay S AD - University of South-Eastern Norway, Norway. Electronic address: Sinem.Acar-Burkay@usn.no. FAU - Cristian, Daniela-Carmen AU - Cristian DC AD - Bayes Business School, City, University of London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Daniela.Cristian@city.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220315 PL - England TA - Soc Sci Med JT - Social science & medicine (1982) JID - 8303205 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Cognition MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Vaccination Hesitancy MH - *Vaccines PMC - PMC8920576 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognition OT - Executive function OT - Stress OT - Stroop task OT - Trust OT - Vaccination intentions OT - Vaccine acceptance OT - Vaccine hesitancy COIS- The authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2022/04/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/07 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/15 CRDT- 2022/04/08 20:15 PHST- 2021/07/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/08 20:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0277-9536(22)00217-9 [pii] AID - 114911 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114911 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Soc Sci Med. 2022 May;301:114911. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114911. Epub 2022 Mar 15. PMID- 35393268 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220503 LR - 20230201 IS - 1471-4981 (Electronic) IS - 1471-4906 (Print) IS - 1471-4906 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May TI - Memory B cell diversity: insights for optimized vaccine design. PG - 343-354 LID - S1471-4906(22)00054-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.it.2022.03.005 [doi] AB - The overarching logos of mammalian memory B cells (MBCs) is to cache the potential for enhanced antibody production upon secondary exposure to cognate antigenic determinants. However, substantial phenotypic diversity has been identified across MBCs, hinting at the existence of unique origins or subfunctions within this compartment. Herein, we discuss recent advancements in human circulatory MBC subphenotyping as driven by high-throughput cell surface marker analysis and other approaches, as well as speculated and substantiated subfunctions. With this in mind, we hypothesize that the relative induction of specific circulatory MBC subsets might be used as a biomarker for optimally durable vaccines and inform vaccination strategies to subvert antigenic imprinting in the context of highly mutable pathogens such as influenza virus or SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - McGrath, Joshua J C AU - McGrath JJC AD - Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Li, Lei AU - Li L AD - Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Wilson, Patrick C AU - Wilson PC AD - Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: pcw4001@med.cornell.edu. LA - eng GR - 75N93019C00051/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI097092/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI165077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI144616/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20220404 PL - England TA - Trends Immunol JT - Trends in immunology JID - 100966032 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - B-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Mammals MH - Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - *Vaccines PMC - PMC8977948 COIS- Declaration of interests The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare regarding this work. EDAT- 2022/04/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/04 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/04 CRDT- 2022/04/08 05:30 PHST- 2022/02/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/08 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1471-4906(22)00054-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.it.2022.03.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Trends Immunol. 2022 May;43(5):343-354. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2022.03.005. Epub 2022 Apr 4. PMID- 35392102 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220411 LR - 20240829 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Distinct Immune Response at 1 Year Post-COVID-19 According to Disease Severity. PG - 830433 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830433 [doi] LID - 830433 AB - BACKGROUND: Despite the fact of ongoing worldwide vaccination programs for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), understanding longevity, breadth, and type of immune response to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is still important to optimize the vaccination strategy and estimate the risk of reinfection. Therefore, we performed thorough immunological assessments 1 year post-COVID-19 with different severity. METHODS: We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma samples at 1 year post-COVID-19 in patients who experienced asymptomatic, mild, and severe illness to assess titers of various isotypes of antibodies (Abs) against SARS-CoV-2 antigens, phagocytic capability, and memory B- and T-cell responses. FINDINGS: A total of 24 patients (7, 9, and 8 asymptomatic, mild, and severe patients, respectively) and eight healthy volunteers were included in this study. We firstly showed that disease severity is correlated with parameters of immune responses at 1 year post-COVID-19 that play an important role in protecting against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2, namely, the phagocytic capacity of Abs and memory B-cell responses. INTERPRETATION: Various immune responses at 1 year post-COVID-19, particularly the phagocytic capacity and memory B-cell responses, were dependent on the severity of the prior COVID-19. Our data could provide a clue for a tailored vaccination strategy after natural infection according to the severity of COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Kang, Kim, Hong, Kim, Lee, Chang, Choe, Kim, Kim, Seo, Song, Lee, Shin, Kim, Lee, Park, Kim and Oh. FAU - Kang, Chang Kyung AU - Kang CK AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Minji AU - Kim M AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Hong, Jisu AU - Hong J AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Gwanghun AU - Kim G AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Soojin AU - Lee S AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Chang, Euijin AU - Chang E AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Choe, Pyoeng Gyun AU - Choe PG AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Nam Joong AU - Kim NJ AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Ik Soo AU - Kim IS AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea. FAU - Seo, Jun-Young AU - Seo JY AD - Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - BrainKorea21 (BK21) Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Song, Daesub AU - Song D AD - College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Dong-Sup AU - Lee DS AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea. FAU - Shin, Hyun Mu AU - Shin HM AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Yong-Woo AU - Kim YW AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Chang-Han AU - Lee CH AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea. FAU - Park, Wan Beom AU - Park WB AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Hang-Rae AU - Kim HR AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea. FAU - Oh, Myoung-Don AU - Oh MD AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220321 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM EIN - Front Immunol. 2022 May 24;13:929770. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.929770. PMID: 35686133 MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunity MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - Reinfection MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Severity of Illness Index PMC - PMC8980227 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody OT - memory B cells OT - memory T cells OT - phagocytosis COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/04/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/12 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/21 CRDT- 2022/04/08 05:15 PHST- 2021/12/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/08 05:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830433 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Mar 21;13:830433. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830433. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35389762 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230131 LR - 20230212 IS - 1476-8321 (Electronic) IS - 0887-0446 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec TI - The interplay between cognitive and affective risks in predicting COVID-19 precautions: a longitudinal representative study of Americans. PG - 1565-1583 LID - 10.1080/08870446.2022.2060979 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Cognitive risk figures prominently in models predicting health behaviors, but affective risk is also important. We examined the interplay between cognitive risk (personal likelihood of COVID-19 infection or death) and affective risk (worry about COVID-19) in predicting COVID-19 precautionary behaviors. We also examined how outbreak severity bias (overestimation of the severity of COVID-19 in one's community) predicted these outcomes. DESIGN: In a representative sample of U.S. adults (N = 738; M(age) = 46.8; 52% women; 78% white), participants who had not had COVID-19 took two online surveys two weeks apart in April 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We assessed cognitive risk, affective risk, and outbreak severity bias at baseline and at follow-up two precaution variables: prevention behaviors (e.g. social distancing) and behavioral willingness (e.g. vaccinations). RESULTS: Overall, affective risk better predicted precautions than cognitive risk. Moreover, overestimating the severity of the outbreak predicted more affective risk (but not cognitive risk) and in turn more precautions. Additional analyses showed that when affective risk was lower (as opposed to higher) greater cognitive risk and outbreak severity bias both predicted more precautions. CONCLUSION: These findings illustrate the importance of affective risk and outbreak severity bias in understanding COVID-19 precautionary behavior. FAU - Helweg-Larsen, Marie AU - Helweg-Larsen M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5009-6288 AD - Department of Psychology, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA, USA. FAU - Peterson, Laurel M AU - Peterson LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6666-7874 AD - Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA, USA. FAU - DiMuccio, Sarah H AU - DiMuccio SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7311-5787 AD - New York University, New York, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220407 PL - England TA - Psychol Health JT - Psychology & health JID - 8807983 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Female MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Male MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Anxiety/epidemiology MH - Health Behavior MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Disease Outbreaks OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Risk perception OT - behavioral precautions OT - outbreak severity bias OT - pandemic mitigation EDAT- 2022/04/08 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/01 06:00 CRDT- 2022/04/07 17:12 PHST- 2022/04/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/07 17:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/08870446.2022.2060979 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychol Health. 2022 Dec;37(12):1565-1583. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2060979. Epub 2022 Apr 7. PMID- 35383307 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220518 LR - 20260927 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Print) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May TI - SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure history shapes phenotypes and specificity of memory CD8(+) T cells. PG - 781-790 LID - 10.1038/s41590-022-01184-4 [doi] AB - Although mRNA vaccine efficacy against severe coronavirus disease 2019 remains high, variant emergence has prompted booster immunizations. However, the effects of repeated exposures to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens on memory T cells are poorly understood. Here, we utilize major histocompatibility complex multimers with single-cell RNA sequencing to profile SARS-CoV-2-responsive T cells ex vivo from humans with one, two or three antigen exposures, including vaccination, primary infection and breakthrough infection. Exposure order determined the distribution between spike-specific and non-spike-specific responses, with vaccination after infection leading to expansion of spike-specific T cells and differentiation to CCR7(-)CD45RA(+) effectors. In contrast, individuals after breakthrough infection mount vigorous non-spike-specific responses. Analysis of over 4,000 epitope-specific T cell antigen receptor (TCR) sequences demonstrates that all exposures elicit diverse repertoires characterized by shared TCR motifs, confirmed by monoclonal TCR characterization, with no evidence for repertoire narrowing from repeated exposure. Our findings suggest that breakthrough infections diversify the T cell memory repertoire and current vaccination protocols continue to expand and differentiate spike-specific memory. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. FAU - Minervina, Anastasia A AU - Minervina AA AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Pogorelyy, Mikhail V AU - Pogorelyy MV AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Kirk, Allison M AU - Kirk AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4286-3678 AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Crawford, Jeremy Chase AU - Crawford JC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4096-6048 AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Allen, E Kaitlynn AU - Allen EK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3067-751X AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Chou, Ching-Heng AU - Chou CH AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Mettelman, Robert C AU - Mettelman RC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3527-5616 AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Allison, Kim J AU - Allison KJ AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Lin, Chun-Yang AU - Lin CY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3064-0178 AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Brice, David C AU - Brice DC AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Zhu, Xun AU - Zhu X AD - Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Vegesana, Kasi AU - Vegesana K AD - Information Services, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Wu, Gang AU - Wu G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1678-5864 AD - Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Trivedi, Sanchit AU - Trivedi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4266-0093 AD - Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Kottapalli, Pratibha AU - Kottapalli P AD - Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Darnell, Daniel AU - Darnell D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4489-5726 AD - Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - McNeely, Suzanne AU - McNeely S AD - Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Olsen, Scott R AU - Olsen SR AD - Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Schultz-Cherry, Stacey AU - Schultz-Cherry S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2021-727X AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Estepp, Jeremie H AU - Estepp JH AD - Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. CN - SJTRC Study Team FAU - McGargill, Maureen A AU - McGargill MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0916-0372 AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. FAU - Wolf, Joshua AU - Wolf J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9912-3646 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. joshua.wolf@stjude.org. FAU - Thomas, Paul G AU - Thomas PG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7955-0256 AD - Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. paul.thomas@stjude.org. LA - eng GR - U01 AI150747/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201400006C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI144616/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI136514/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00052/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220405 PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 RN - 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2022 Jan 26:2021.07.12.21260227. doi: 10.1101/2021.07.12.21260227. PMID: 34341799 CIN - Nat Immunol. 2022 May;23(5):647-649. doi: 10.1038/s41590-022-01190-6. PMID: 35449417 MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Phenotype MH - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC9106845 MID - NIHMS1788551 FIR - Gaur, Aditya IR - Gaur A FIR - Hoffman, James IR - Hoffman J FIR - Mori, Motomi IR - Mori M FIR - Tang, Li IR - Tang L FIR - Tuomanen, Elaine IR - Tuomanen E FIR - Webby, Richard IR - Webby R FIR - Hakim, Hana IR - Hakim H FIR - Hayden, Randall T IR - Hayden RT FIR - Hijano, Diego R IR - Hijano DR FIR - Bajracharya, Resha IR - Bajracharya R FIR - Awad, Walid IR - Awad W FIR - Van de Velde, Lee-Ann IR - Van de Velde LA FIR - Clark, Brandi L IR - Clark BL FIR - Wilson, Taylor L IR - Wilson TL FIR - Souquette, Aisha IR - Souquette A FIR - Castellaw, Ashley IR - Castellaw A FIR - Dallas, Ronald H IR - Dallas RH FIR - Hodges, Jason IR - Hodges J FIR - Gowen, Ashleigh IR - Gowen A FIR - Russell-Bell, Jamie IR - Russell-Bell J FIR - Sparks, James IR - Sparks J FIR - Wittman, David E IR - Wittman DE FIR - Fabrizio, Thomas P IR - Fabrizio TP FIR - Cherry, Sean IR - Cherry S FIR - Roubidoux, Ericka Kirkpatrick IR - Roubidoux EK FIR - Cortez, Valerie IR - Cortez V FIR - Freiden, Pamela IR - Freiden P FIR - Wohlgemuth, Nicholas IR - Wohlgemuth N FIR - Whitt, Kendall IR - Whitt K EDAT- 2022/04/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/05 CRDT- 2022/04/06 05:24 PHST- 2021/12/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/06 05:24 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41590-022-01184-4 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-022-01184-4 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2022 May;23(5):781-790. doi: 10.1038/s41590-022-01184-4. Epub 2022 Apr 5. PMID- 35378006 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220406 LR - 20220406 IS - 2162-6537 (Electronic) IS - 0731-8898 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 1 DP - 2022 TI - Mechanistic Episodes on SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Neurological Manifestations and Their Possible Therapeutic Interventions. PG - 85-98 LID - 10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2021040128 [doi] AB - Recently, the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been critically recognized and spread rapidly on this planet. Considerable recognition of SARS-CoV-2 has been known with a range of viruses that are more capable to cause diseases in avian and mammals including humans. The virus was found as a main culprit for major defects in respiratory system and thereby caused severe acute respiratory syndrome disease. This has led to depict the mortality in human population. Nevertheless, compromised reports on SARS-CoV-2 has also shown neurological complications in both central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). This virus has notified with neurological defects as stroke, encephalopathy, cerebral edema, erythema, seizures, meningitis, ischemic, ageusia, loss of smell, myalgia and Guillain Barre Syndrome. In this review, we focused on COVID-19 mediated neurodegeneration and its mechanistic episodes on affected patients. We also discuss the possible available therapeutic interventions with clinically investigated drugs against COVID-19 mediated neurological impairment in patients and experimental in vitro and in vivo research models required for the development of drugs and/or vaccines against COVID-19 mediated neurological complications. FAU - Nida, Sobia AU - Nida S AD - School of Life Science, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600048, India. FAU - Srinivisan, Hemalatha AU - Srinivisan H AD - School of Life Science, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600048, India. FAU - Pandurangan, Ashok Kumar AU - Pandurangan AK AD - School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India 600048. FAU - Waseem, Mohammad AU - Waseem M AD - School of Life Science, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600048, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol JT - Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer JID - 8501420 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Mammals MH - *SARS-CoV-2 EDAT- 2022/04/05 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/07 06:00 CRDT- 2022/04/04 17:11 PHST- 2022/04/04 17:11 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/07 06:00 [medline] AID - 4ffd64376912a0d0,503a524605d7b8ae [pii] AID - 10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2021040128 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2022;41(1):85-98. doi: 10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2021040128. PMID- 35359538 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220402 IS - 0972-2327 (Print) IS - 1998-3549 (Electronic) IS - 0972-2327 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Nov-Dec TI - Neurological Disorders Seen During Second Wave of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic from Two Tertiary Care Centers in Central and Southern Kerala. PG - 917-926 LID - 10.4103/aian.aian_541_21 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: SARS-CoV-2 infections present with predominant respiratory symptoms. Only a few anecdotal reports of neurological involvement have come out from India so far. Adverse neurological events following immunization (AEFI) were also reported. We present the neurological symptoms seen either in association with vaccination or COVID-19 infection during the second wave. METHODS: This was a retrospective study that included consecutive COVID-19 patients' admissions during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in two tertiary health care centres in Kerala. Neurological symptoms two weeks prior or thirty days after a positive status of antigen or RTPCR was termed as COVID-19-Associated Neurological Disorders (CAND) and those with neurological symptoms within one month of COVID-19 vaccination was termed as Post-Vaccinal Neurological Disorders (PVND). RESULTS: During the study period, 1270 COVID-19 admissions were reported. We identified neurological symptoms in 42 patients (3.3%), of which 35 were CAND and 7 were PVND. Stroke was the most common (50%), followed by seizures and peripheral nervous system disorders (14.2% each). Encephalitis/demyelination (11.9%) and COVID-19-associated infections (9.5%) were also seen. CONCLUSION: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, CAND and PVND have been emerging. Association of some of these may be fortuitous; however it is worth mentioning as pathogenic mechanisms of COVID-19 affecting various organ systems still remain unclear. Moreover, this may be helpful in future studies designing management options. CI - Copyright: (c) 2006 - 2021 Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. FAU - George, Minu AU - George M AD - Department of Neurology, Renai Medicity Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Cochin, Kerala, India. FAU - Baby, Neena AU - Baby N AD - Department of Neurology, Renai Medicity Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Cochin, Kerala, India. FAU - Azad, Ameen AU - Azad A AD - Department of Neurology, N. S. Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Kollam, Kerala, India. FAU - Rajan, Aswathy AU - Rajan A AD - Department of Neurology, Renai Medicity Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Cochin, Kerala, India. FAU - Radhakrishnan, Suresh Kumar AU - Radhakrishnan SK AD - Department of Neurology, Renai Medicity Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Cochin, Kerala, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211217 PL - India TA - Ann Indian Acad Neurol JT - Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology JID - 101273955 PMC - PMC8965958 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID associated neurological disorders OT - COVID-19 infection OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - neurological disorders OT - post vaccinal neurological disorders COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/04/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/02 06:01 PMCR- 2021/11/01 CRDT- 2022/04/01 05:10 PHST- 2021/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/01 05:10 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/02 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AIAN-24-917 [pii] AID - 10.4103/aian.aian_541_21 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2021 Nov-Dec;24(6):917-926. doi: 10.4103/aian.aian_541_21. Epub 2021 Dec 17. PMID- 35357785 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220404 LR - 20230309 IS - 0019-1442 (Print) IS - 0019-1442 (Linking) VI - 75 IP - 3-04 DP - 2022 Mar 31 TI - Can we influence the negative drug attitude? Interpretation of the rejection of COVID-19 vaccine in the light of results of a pilot study. PG - 111-116 LID - 10.18071/isz.75.0111 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vaccination refusal is a serious obstacle to minimizing the spread of COVID-19. Nevertheless, the rejection of vaccine can be considered the result of a negative attitude towards medical treatment, and according to our previously published data, it can be influenced by the underlying affective state. Increased incidence of affective disorders and anxiety could be observed globally during the pandemic, which may have a significant impact on vaccination acceptance. The aim of our pilot study was to determine the association between clinical improvement of affective and neurocognitive symptoms and change of drug attitude and health control beliefs in a sample of psychiatric patients. METHODS: A data set of 85 patients with psychiatric disorder has been analysed with the use of Patient's Health Belief Questionnaire on Psychiatric Treatment (PHBQPT) with 5 subscales (Negative Aspect of Medication - NA; Positive Aspect of Medication - PA; Doctor health locus of control- Doctor HLOC; Internal HLOC; Psychological Reactance - PR); Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS-Anx; HADS-Dep) and neurocognitive tests, such as the Stroop test and the Trail Making Tests. All the tests were performed before and after a 14 days treatment. Paired t-tests and generalized linear models were performed to assess the associations between the variables. RESULTS: The baseline scores of NA and HADS-Anx correlated significantly (p=0.001) and after two weeks of treatment NA decreased (p=0.001), while Doctor HLOC and Internal HLOC increased (p=0.001 and p=0.006). The patients performance of the neurocognitive tests improved (all p<0.05). The reduction of HADS-Anx (p=0.002) and HADS-Dep (p=0.006) scores showed significant associations with the decrease of NA. Increase of the PA score was associated with reduction of HADS-Dep (p=0.028). Improvement of neurocognitive functions had no effect on PHBQPT scores. CONCLUSION: Important conclusions can be drawn regarding the rejection of the COVID-19 vaccine based on the associations found between the intensity of affective and anxiety symptoms and the attitude towards treatment. Our findings suggest that affective symptoms have a negative influence on the attitude towards treatment and that the improvement of these symptoms can facilitate the acceptance of the therapy, regardless of diagnosis. The modest effect of the improvement of neurocognitive functioning on the attitude towards drugs and the significant role of affective-emotional factors suggest that the accep-tance of vaccination probably cannot be facilitated solely with the aid of educational programs. Considering the increasing incidence of affective disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic, the screening of affective and anxiety symptoms and treatment of these disorders could be an important step towards the acceptance of the vaccine. Although psychiatry is not considered as a frontline care unit of the COVID cases, more attention is needed to pay on the availability of mental health services because refuse of vaccine can develop due to affective disorders too. FAU - Pogany, Laszlo AU - Pogany L AD - National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Budapest. AD - Janos Szentagothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest. FAU - Horvath, Andras A AU - Horvath AA AD - National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Budapest. FAU - Lazary, Judit AU - Lazary J AD - National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Budapest. AD - Janos Szentagothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest. LA - eng PT - Journal Article TT - Befolyasolhato-e a negativ gyogyszerszedesi attitud? A Covid-19-vakcinat elutasito magatartas interpretacioja egy elokeszito vizsgalat eredmenyeinek tukreben. PL - Hungary TA - Ideggyogy Sz JT - Ideggyogyaszati szemle JID - 17510500R RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology/psychology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Pandemics MH - Pilot Projects OTO - NOTNLM OT - anti-vax behavior OT - drug attitude OT - health beliefs OT - psychological reactance OT - rejection of vaccination EDAT- 2022/04/01 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/05 06:00 CRDT- 2022/03/31 12:07 PHST- 2022/03/31 12:07 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/05 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.18071/isz.75.0111 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ideggyogy Sz. 2022 Mar 31;75(3-04):111-116. doi: 10.18071/isz.75.0111. PMID- 35351444 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220810 LR - 20250728 IS - 1538-9375 (Electronic) IS - 1525-8610 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 8 DP - 2022 Aug TI - The National Home-Based Primary Care Learning Network: A Practice-Based Quality Improvement and Research Network. PG - 1424-1426 LID - S1525-8610(22)00200-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.02.017 [doi] AB - Home-based primary care (HBPC) provides interdisciplinary, comprehensive care at home for homebound older adults and has been largely excluded from the national conversation on care quality and quality improvement. In this Pragmatic Innovations article, we describe the work of the National HBPC Learning Network (LN), which focuses on fostering a continuous learning culture among HBPC practices to improve practice quality, elevate the field of HBPC, and create a community of continuous growth and quality of care accountability. The LN recruits HBPC practices in waves of 9 to 10 practices. It currently comprises 38 HBPC practices that care for 58,000 patients across 25 states (approximately 26% of all patients receiving HBPC in the United States). In a Kickoff meeting, the HBPC practices in each wave are instructed in the basics of quality improvement, develop project aim statements and their first plan-do-study-act cycle, receive an introduction to the LN quality improvement software platform, and review plans for LN engagement. Each month, practices submit updates and receive real-time feedback on their quality improvement work. Monthly virtual workshops are held with all practices that include sharing results of a "1-minute survey" (a monthly 1-to 3-question survey sent to all LN participants on a topic relevant to HBPC practices), a didactic and discussion related to the 1-minute survey topic, and interactive progress updates from LN participants regarding their quality improvement work. Each wave ends with "Moving-up Day," where practices report on their overall project and reflect on how their practice has changed as a result of the LN. LN practices have addressed and improved performance in multiple HBPC-related quality areas including assessment of functional status and cognitive impairment, falls prevention, advanced care planning, COVID-19 vaccination, and others. We present case studies of 3 LN practices and how LN participation strengthened their practices. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Leff, Bruce AU - Leff B AD - Division of Geriatric Medicine, Center for Transformative Geriatric Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: bleff@jhmi.edu. FAU - Ritchie, Christine AU - Ritchie C AD - Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine, Mongan Institute Center for Aging and Serious Illness, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Freeland, Deborah G AU - Freeland DG AD - University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. FAU - Jamshed, Namirah AU - Jamshed N AD - University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. FAU - Major, Anita AU - Major A AD - Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. FAU - Gallopyn, Naomi AU - Gallopyn N AD - Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine, Mongan Institute Center for Aging and Serious Illness, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Sharieff, Shanaz AU - Sharieff S AD - Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine, Mongan Institute Center for Aging and Serious Illness, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Taylor, Jane AU - Taylor J AD - Advisor to Improvers and Learners, Saint Paul, MN, USA. FAU - Yudin, Jean A AU - Yudin JA AD - University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Sheehan, Orla C AU - Sheehan OC AD - Connolly Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220326 PL - United States TA - J Am Med Dir Assoc JT - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association JID - 100893243 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Home Care Services MH - Humans MH - Primary Health Care/methods MH - Quality Improvement MH - United States OTO - NOTNLM OT - Home-based primary care OT - learning network OT - quality improvement EDAT- 2022/03/31 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/11 06:00 CRDT- 2022/03/30 05:39 PHST- 2022/01/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/02/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/30 05:39 [entrez] AID - S1525-8610(22)00200-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.02.017 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2022 Aug;23(8):1424-1426. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.02.017. Epub 2022 Mar 26. PMID- 35340304 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240825 IS - 2666-3546 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3546 (Linking) VI - 21 DP - 2022 May TI - Cognitive function following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a population-representative Canadian sample. PG - 100454 LID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100454 [doi] LID - 100454 AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 infection is believed to adversely affect the brain, but the degree of impact on socially relevant cognitive functioning and decision-making is not well-studied, particularly among those less vulnerable to age-related mortality. The current study sought to determine whether infection status and COVID-19 symptom severity are associated with cognitive dysfunction among young and middled-aged adults in the general population, using self-reported lapses in executive control and a standardized decision-making task. METHOD: The survey sample comprised 1958 adults with a mean age of 37 years (SD ​= ​10.4); 60.8% were female. Participants reported SARS-CoV-2 infection history and, among those reporting a prior infection, COVID-19 symptom severity. Primary outcomes were self-reported symptoms of cognitive dysfunction assessed via an abbreviated form of the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS) and performance on a validated delay-discounting task. RESULTS: Young and middle-aged adults with a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection history reported a significantly higher number of cognitive dysfunction symptoms (M (adj) ​= ​1.89, SE ​= ​0.08, CI: 1.74, 2.04; n ​= ​175) than their non-infected counterparts (M (adj) ​= ​1.63, SE ​= ​0.08, CI: 1.47,1.80; n ​= ​1599; beta ​= ​0.26, p ​= ​.001). Among those infected, there was a dose-response relationship between COVID-19 symptom severity and level of cognitive dysfunction reported, with moderate (beta ​= ​0.23, CI: 0.003-0.46) and very/extremely severe (beta ​= ​0.69, CI: 0.22-1.16) COVID-19 symptoms being associated with significantly greater cognitive dysfunction. These effects remained reliable and of similar magnitude after controlling for demographics, vaccination status, mitigation behavior frequency, and geographic region, and after removal of those who had been intubated during hospitalization. Very similar-and comparatively larger-effects were found for the delay-discounting task, and when using only PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Positive SARS-CoV-2 infection history and moderate or higher COVID-19 symptom severity are associated with significant symptoms of cognitive dysfunction and amplified delay discounting among young and middle-aged adults with no history of medically induced coma. CI - (c) 2022 The Author(s). FAU - Hall, Peter A AU - Hall PA AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Meng, Gang AU - Meng G AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Hudson, Anna AU - Hudson A AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Sakib, Mohammad N AU - Sakib MN AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Hitchman, Sara C AU - Hitchman SC AD - Department of Communication and Media Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - MacKillop, James AU - MacKillop J AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Bickel, Warren K AU - Bickel WK AD - Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA. FAU - Fong, Geoffrey T AU - Fong GT AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. AD - Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. AD - Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220321 PL - United States TA - Brain Behav Immun Health JT - Brain, behavior, & immunity - health JID - 101759062 PMC - PMC8934755 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognition OT - Delay discounting OT - Executive function OT - OFC OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/29 06:01 PMCR- 2022/03/21 CRDT- 2022/03/28 05:06 PHST- 2022/01/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/28 05:06 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/29 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3546(22)00044-8 [pii] AID - 100454 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100454 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun Health. 2022 May;21:100454. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100454. Epub 2022 Mar 21. PMID- 35335073 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220329 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar 14 TI - Investigation of a Cluster of Immunization Stress-Related Reactions after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination, Thailand, 2021. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10030441 [doi] LID - 441 AB - On 28 April 2021, the investigation team of the Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, was notified of a cluster of people developing neurological symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination in a province in eastern Thailand. We conducted an investigation from 29 April to 20 May 2021 to confirm the outbreak, describe the epidemiological characteristics and identify possible risk factors. A matched case-control study was conducted. Matching factors were gender and vaccination site. A confirmed case was a person receiving COVID-19 vaccination in the province and developed at least one neurological symptom between 21 April and 20 May 2021. The rapid assessment of the vaccination cold chain system was carried out. We found a total of 36 cases out of 3920 vaccinees (attack rate = 0.92%), all cases were recovered and classified as an immunization stress-related reaction (ISRR) by the National AEFI Expert Committee. An analytic study found that menstruation was significantly associated with ISRR (AOR = 6.84 [95%CI = 1.09-42.91]). The environmental survey suggested that the cold chain system was properly managed. Further studies on other precipitating causes of ISRR should be performed. In terms of recommendation, health providers should pay greater attention to women menstruating during and after COVID-19 immunization. FAU - Mahasing, Chayanit AU - Mahasing C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6023-2124 AD - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. FAU - Yasopa, Oiythip AU - Yasopa O AD - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. FAU - Sansilapin, Chalo AU - Sansilapin C AD - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. FAU - Rattanathumsakul, Thanit AU - Rattanathumsakul T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2629-7370 AD - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. FAU - Thammawijaya, Panithee AU - Thammawijaya P AD - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. FAU - Suphanchaimat, Rapeepong AU - Suphanchaimat R AD - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. AD - International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. FAU - Doung-Ngern, Pawinee AU - Doung-Ngern P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1154-4527 AD - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. LA - eng GR - 7200AA19CA00002/United States Agency for International Development/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220314 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC8954559 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - CoronaVac OT - adverse event following immunization OT - immunization stress-related reaction COIS- The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/27 06:01 PMCR- 2022/03/14 CRDT- 2022/03/26 01:02 PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/02/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/26 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10030441 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-00441 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10030441 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Mar 14;10(3):441. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10030441. PMID- 35335006 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220329 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Feb 27 TI - Lack of Induction of RBD-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies despite Repeated Heterologous SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Leading to Seroconversion and Establishment of T Cell-Specific Memory in a Patient in Remission of Multiple Myeloma. LID - 10.3390/vaccines10030374 [doi] LID - 374 AB - BACKGROUND: Prophylactic vaccination against infectious diseases may induce a state of long-term protection in the otherwise healthy host. However, the situation is less predictable in immunocompromised patients and may require adjustment of vaccination schedules and/or basic therapy. METHODS: A patient in full remission of multiple myeloma since the last three years and on long-term maintenance therapy with pomalidomide, a drug inhibiting angiogenesis and myeloma cell growth, was vaccinated twice with Comirnaty followed by two vaccinations with Vaxzevria. Seroconversion and SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular responses were monitored. RESULTS: No signs of seroconversion or T cellular memory were observed after the first "full immunization" with Comirnaty. Consequently, long-term-maintenance therapy with Pomalidomide was stopped and two additional shots of Vaxzevria were administered after which the patient seroconverted with Spike(S)-protein specific antibody levels reaching 49 BAU/mL, mild S-peptide pool-specific T cell proliferation, effector cytokine production (IL-2, IL-13), and T cellular activation with increased numbers of CD3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells as compared to vaccinated and non-vaccinated control subjects. However, despite suspension of immunosuppression and administration of in total four consecutive heterologous SARS-CoV-2 vaccine shots, the patient did not develop neutralizing RBD-specific antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: Despite immunomonitoring-based adjustment of vaccination and/or therapy schedules vaccination success, with clear correlates of protection, the development of RBD-specific antibodies could not be achieved in the immunocompromised patient with current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Thus, our report emphasizes the need for improved active and passive immunization strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infections. FAU - Kratzer, Bernhard AU - Kratzer B AD - Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Trapin, Doris AU - Trapin D AD - Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Gattinger, Pia AU - Gattinger P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6724-8543 AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090Vienna, Austria. FAU - Oberhofer, Teresa AU - Oberhofer T AD - Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Sehgal, Al Nasar Ahmed AU - Sehgal ANA AD - Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Waidhofer-Sollner, Petra AU - Waidhofer-Sollner P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9481-3584 AD - Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Rottal, Arno AU - Rottal A AD - Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kormoczi, Ulrike AU - Kormoczi U AD - Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina AU - Grabmeier-Pfistershammer K AD - Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kopetzky, Gerhard H AU - Kopetzky GH AD - 1st Med. Department Hemato-Oncology, Universitatsklinik St. Poelten, 3100 St. Poelten, Austria. FAU - Tischer, Franz AU - Tischer F AD - Landesklinikum Lilienfeld, 3180 Lilienfeld, Austria. FAU - Valenta, Rudolf AU - Valenta R AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090Vienna, Austria. AD - Laboratory for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia. AD - NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, 115478 Moscow, Russia. AD - Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria. FAU - Pickl, Winfried F AU - Pickl WF AD - Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. AD - Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220227 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC8949333 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - multiple myeloma OT - pomalidomide OT - prophylactic vaccination COIS- With regards to the authors disclosure of potential conflicts of interest we would like to indicate that Winfried F. Pickl has received honoraria from Novartis, Astra Zeneca, and Roche. Rudolf Valenta has received research grants from HVD Life-Sciences, Vienna, Austria, WORG Pharmaceuticals, Hangzhou, China and from Viravaxx, Vienna, Austria. He serves as consultant for Viravaxx and WORG Pharmaceuticals. The other authors have no conflict of interest to declar. EDAT- 2022/03/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/27 06:01 PMCR- 2022/02/27 CRDT- 2022/03/26 01:02 PHST- 2022/01/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/26 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines10030374 [pii] AID - vaccines-10-00374 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines10030374 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Feb 27;10(3):374. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10030374. PMID- 35334195 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220929 LR - 20221011 IS - 2191-0200 (Electronic) IS - 0334-1763 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Oct 26 TI - Neurological and neuropsychological adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines - where do we stand? PG - 721-743 LID - 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0006 [doi] AB - The devastating characteristic of COVID-19 pandemic calls for immediate and effective solutions to tackle it. Vaccines seem to be the only promising and effective way to fight against the novel coronavirus - even against new mutated variants. Because of the rapid development and distribution of numerous COVID-19 vaccines in different platforms, meticulous evaluation of vaccines' safety is more critical than ever - especially given the fact that most of the candidates have not completed the clinical phase. Therefore, to optimize the vaccines' safety and efficacy, it is highly important to carefully report and scientifically discuss the serious adverse effects following vaccination. In this respect, we discuss different neurological and neuropsychological adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines including demyelinating diseases, Bell's palsy (BP), cerebrovascular complications, seizures, functional neurological disorders (FNDs), and some other rare adverse events, and hypothetical mechanisms which can lead to the reported side effects. Given the fact that the incidence of such events are rare and most of them are treatable, the current review aims to shed light on how much the relationship between COVID-19 vaccines and these complications can be reliable and provide an insight for future studies with much more meticulous methodologies to discuss the possible correlational or causal relationship between these complications and COVID-19 vaccines and elucidate whether or not the neurological side effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines can count as a considerable threat to public health. CI - (c) 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Aliasin, Mohammad Mahdi AU - Aliasin MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9097-7207 AD - School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14176 13151 Tehran, Iran. AD - Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14177 55331 Tehran, Iran. AD - Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 14197 33151 Tehran, Iran. FAU - Yazdanpanah, Niloufar AU - Yazdanpanah N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4333-2163 AD - School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14176 13151 Tehran, Iran. AD - Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14197 33151 Tehran, Iran. AD - Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 14197 33151 Tehran, Iran. FAU - Rezaei, Nima AU - Rezaei N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3836-1827 AD - Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14197 33151 Tehran, Iran. AD - Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 14197 33151 Tehran, Iran. AD - Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14176 13151 Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220325 PL - Germany TA - Rev Neurosci JT - Reviews in the neurosciences JID - 8711016 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Humans MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Viral Vaccines/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cerebrovascular complications OT - demyelinating diseases OT - neurological complications EDAT- 2022/03/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/30 06:00 CRDT- 2022/03/25 17:27 PHST- 2022/01/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/25 17:27 [entrez] AID - revneuro-2022-0006 [pii] AID - 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0006 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Neurosci. 2022 Mar 25;33(7):721-743. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0006. Print 2022 Oct 26. PMID- 35326363 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220329 IS - 2076-3425 (Print) IS - 2076-3425 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3425 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar 18 TI - COVID-19 Vaccination and Neurological Manifestations: A Review of Case Reports and Case Series. LID - 10.3390/brainsci12030407 [doi] LID - 407 AB - BACKGROUND: With 10 vaccines approved by the WHO and nearly 48% of people fully vaccinated worldwide, we have observed several individual case studies of neurological manifestations post-COVID-19 vaccination. Through this systematic review, we aim to discern these CNS and PNS manifestations following the COVID-19 vaccine to help produce methods to mitigate them. METHODS: We conducted a thorough literature search of Google Scholar and PubMed from 1 December 2020 until 10 October 2021 and included all the case studies of COVID-19 vaccine-associated neurological side effects. The literature search and data analysis were performed by two independent reviewers according to prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria using PRISMA. RESULTS: The most common CNS manifestation was CVST (14.47%), found in females (64%) younger than 50 years (71%) after the first AstraZeneca dose (93%). Others included CNS demyelinating disorders (TM, ADEM, MS, NMOSD) (9.30%), encephalopathy/encephalitis (3.10%), and others (4.13%). The most common PNS manifestation was GBS (14.67%) found in males (71%) older than 50 years (79%), followed by Bell's palsy (5.24%) and others (2.10%). Most occurred with the AstraZeneca (28.55%), Pfizer-BioNTech (9.18%), and Moderna (8.16%) vaccines. Nine (64%) out of the 14 patients with CVST died. However, most cases overall (42 out of 51) were non-fatal (82%). CONCLUSION: Several CNS and PNS adverse events have occurred post-COVID-19 vaccination, including CVST, GBS, and TM. High vigilance with early identification and treatment leads to better outcomes. Further studies with non-vaccinated controls might help in understanding the pathophysiologic mechanisms of these neurological manifestations following COVID-19 vaccination. FAU - Sriwastava, Shitiz AU - Sriwastava S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6844-3287 AD - Department of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. AD - Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. AD - West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. AD - Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. FAU - Sharma, Kanika AU - Sharma K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7847-4319 AD - Smt. N.H.L. Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad 380006, India. FAU - Khalid, Syed Hassan AU - Khalid SH AD - Department of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. FAU - Bhansali, Sakhi AU - Bhansali S AD - Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata 700014, India. FAU - Shrestha, Ashish K AU - Shrestha AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4614-7783 AD - Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal. FAU - Elkhooly, Mahmoud AU - Elkhooly M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1299-3906 AD - Department of Neuropsychiatry, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt. FAU - Srivastava, Samiksha AU - Srivastava S AD - Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. FAU - Khan, Erum AU - Khan E AD - B.J. Medical College and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad 380016, India. FAU - Jaiswal, Shruti AU - Jaiswal S AD - West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. FAU - Wen, Sijin AU - Wen S AD - West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. AD - Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. LA - eng GR - U54 GM104942/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220318 PL - Switzerland TA - Brain Sci JT - Brain sciences JID - 101598646 PMC - PMC8946610 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - GBS OT - Janssen/Johnson and Johnson and AstraZeneca vaccine OT - Moderna OT - Pfizer BioNTech OT - transverse myelitis COIS- All the authors confirmed no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/26 06:01 PMCR- 2022/03/18 CRDT- 2022/03/25 01:01 PHST- 2022/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/25 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - brainsci12030407 [pii] AID - brainsci-12-00407 [pii] AID - 10.3390/brainsci12030407 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Sci. 2022 Mar 18;12(3):407. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12030407. PMID- 35321225 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220325 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Prevalence of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Patients With Cognitive Decline Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. PG - 839683 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.839683 [doi] LID - 839683 AB - OBJECTIVE: Preventive measures to limit the spread of COVID-19 are essential, but often cause social isolation, affecting the physical and mental health of older adults. Patients with dementia are likely to have worsening behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) owing to pandemic restrictions. To examine this, we described BPSD before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We identified patients at a memory clinic in Japan between October 2018 and December 2019 (15 months before the pandemic began, n = 1,384) and between April 2020 and June 2021 (15 months after the State of Emergency was declared; n = 675 patients). A propensity score was used to match 576 patients from each group. The Mini-Mental State Exam was used to classify cognitive function into mild and moderate/severe. Dementia Behavioral Disturbance Scale was used to evaluate BPSD. The association between BPSD before and during the pandemic was evaluated using binomial logistic regression models. RESULTS: The levels of frequent night waking were higher in individuals before the pandemic than in those evaluated during the pandemic in both the mild group [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.82, 95% CI 1.02-3.23] and the moderate/severe group (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.19-3.23). During the pandemic, physical attacks were higher in the mild group (AOR = 4.25, 95% CI 1.12-16.07), while night wandering was higher in the moderate/severe group (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.03-4.81). CONCLUSION: In patients with cognitive impairment, some BPSD were more prevalent during the pandemic, depending on dementia severity. The findings pertaining to the higher frequency of sleep disturbance and aggressiveness during COVID-19 should be used to guide BPSD screening in patients with dementia and to provide evidence-based interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Kuroda, Sugimoto, Matsumoto, Uchida, Kishino, Suemoto and Sakurai. FAU - Kuroda, Yujiro AU - Kuroda Y AD - Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. FAU - Sugimoto, Taiki AU - Sugimoto T AD - Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. AD - Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. FAU - Matsumoto, Nanae AU - Matsumoto N AD - Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. FAU - Uchida, Kazuaki AU - Uchida K AD - Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. AD - Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan. FAU - Kishino, Yoshinobu AU - Kishino Y AD - Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. AD - Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Suemoto, Claudia Kimie AU - Suemoto CK AD - Division of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Sakurai, Takashi AU - Sakurai T AD - Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. AD - Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. AD - Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220307 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC8934776 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) OT - coronavirus disease (COVID-19) OT - dementia-Alzheimer's disease OT - mild cognitive impairment (MCI) OT - social distancing (vaccine) COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/25 06:01 PMCR- 2022/03/07 CRDT- 2022/03/24 05:10 PHST- 2021/12/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/24 05:10 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/25 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.839683 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2022 Mar 7;13:839683. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.839683. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35318939 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220328 LR - 20221207 IS - 2050-084X (Electronic) IS - 2050-084X (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2022 Mar 23 TI - Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A metabolic perspective. LID - 10.7554/eLife.78200 [doi] LID - e78200 AB - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues to rage around the world. At the same time, despite strong public health measures and high vaccination rates in some countries, a post-COVID-19 syndrome has emerged which lacks a clear definition, prevalence, or etiology. However, fatigue, dyspnea, brain fog, and lack of smell and/or taste are often characteristic of patients with this syndrome. These are evident more than a month after infection, and are labeled as Post-Acute Sequelae of CoV-2 (PASC) or commonly referred to as long-COVID. Metabolic dysfunction (i.e., obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus) is a predisposing risk factor for severe acute COVID-19, and there is emerging evidence that this factor plus a chronic inflammatory state may predispose to PASC. In this article, we explore the potential pathogenic metabolic mechanisms that could underly both severe acute COVID-19 and PASC, and then consider how these might be targeted for future therapeutic approaches. CI - (c) 2022, Scherer et al. FAU - Scherer, Philipp E AU - Scherer PE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0680-3392 AD - Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, United States. FAU - Kirwan, John P AU - Kirwan JP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7321-9917 AD - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, United States. FAU - Rosen, Clifford J AU - Rosen CJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3436-8199 AD - Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, United States. LA - eng GR - U54 GM104940/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - U54GM11516-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20220323 PL - England TA - Elife JT - eLife JID - 101579614 RN - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose) SB - IM MH - COVID-19/*complications/epidemiology/etiology/metabolism/therapy MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 MH - Disease Management MH - *Disease Susceptibility MH - *Energy Metabolism MH - Glucose/metabolism MH - Glucose Intolerance MH - Humans MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Islets of Langerhans/metabolism MH - Liver/metabolism MH - Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology/etiology/metabolism/therapy MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC8942467 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - PASC OT - medicine OT - metabolic dysfunction OT - obesity COIS- PS, JK, CR No competing interests declared EDAT- 2022/03/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/29 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/23 CRDT- 2022/03/23 08:40 PHST- 2022/02/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/23 08:40 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 78200 [pii] AID - 10.7554/eLife.78200 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Elife. 2022 Mar 23;11:e78200. doi: 10.7554/eLife.78200. PMID- 35314848 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220517 LR - 20261010 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May TI - Establishment and recall of SARS-CoV-2 spike epitope-specific CD4(+) T cell memory. PG - 768-780 LID - 10.1038/s41590-022-01175-5 [doi] AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and vaccination elicit CD4(+) T cell responses to the spike protein, including circulating follicular helper T (cT(FH)) cells that correlate with neutralizing antibodies. Using a novel HLA-DRB1*15:01/S(751) tetramer to track spike-specific CD4(+) T cells, we show that primary infection or vaccination induces robust S(751)-specific CXCR5(-) and cT(FH) cell memory responses. Secondary exposure induced recall of CD4(+) T cells with a transitory CXCR3(+) phenotype, and drove expansion of cT(FH) cells transiently expressing ICOS, CD38 and PD-1. In both contexts, cells exhibited a restricted T cell antigen receptor repertoire, including a highly public clonotype and considerable clonotypic overlap between CXCR5(-) and cT(FH) populations. Following a third vaccine dose, the rapid re-expansion of spike-specific CD4(+) T cells contrasted with the comparatively delayed increase in antibody titers. Overall, we demonstrate that stable pools of cT(FH) and memory CD4(+) T cells established by infection and/or vaccination are efficiently recalled upon antigen reexposure and may contribute to long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. FAU - Wragg, Kathleen M AU - Wragg KM AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Lee, Wen Shi AU - Lee WS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7285-4054 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Koutsakos, Marios AU - Koutsakos M AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Tan, Hyon-Xhi AU - Tan HX AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Amarasena, Thakshila AU - Amarasena T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Reynaldi, Arnold AU - Reynaldi A AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Gare, Grace AU - Gare G AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Konstandopoulos, Penny AU - Konstandopoulos P AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Field, Kirsty R AU - Field KR AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Esterbauer, Robyn AU - Esterbauer R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7091-0048 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Kent, Helen E AU - Kent HE AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Davenport, Miles P AU - Davenport MP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4751-1831 AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Wheatley, Adam K AU - Wheatley AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5593-9387 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Kent, Stephen J AU - Kent SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8539-4891 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. skent@unimelb.edu.au. AD - Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. skent@unimelb.edu.au. FAU - Juno, Jennifer A AU - Juno JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9072-1017 AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. jennifer.juno@unimelb.edu.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220321 PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Receptors, CXCR5) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Epitopes/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Receptors, CXCR5/metabolism MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer EDAT- 2022/03/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/18 06:00 CRDT- 2022/03/22 05:37 PHST- 2021/10/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/22 05:37 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41590-022-01175-5 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-022-01175-5 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2022 May;23(5):768-780. doi: 10.1038/s41590-022-01175-5. Epub 2022 Mar 21. PMID- 35309303 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220408 LR - 20260127 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study. PG - 839922 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.839922 [doi] LID - 839922 AB - BACKGROUND: The mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b2 of BioNTech/Pfizer has shown high efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection and a severe course of the COVID-19 disease. However, little is known about the long-term durability of the induced immune response resulting from the vaccination. METHODS: In a longitudinal observational study in employees at a German hospital we compared the humoral and cellular immune response in 184 participants after two doses of the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine (BNT162b2) with a mid-term follow-up after 9 months. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding antibodies were determined using both a quantitative and a semi-quantitative assay. For a qualitative assessment of the humoral immune response, we additionally measured neutralizing antibodies. Cellular immune response was evaluated by measuring Interferon-gamma release after stimulating blood-cells with SARS-CoV-2 specific peptides using a commercial assay. RESULTS: In the first analysis, a 100% humoral response rate was described after two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine with a mean antibody ratio of 8.01 +/- 1.00. 9 months after the second dose of BNT162b2, serological testing showed a significant decreased mean antibody ratio of 3.84 +/- 1.69 (p < 0.001). Neutralizing antibodies were still detectable in 96% of all participants, showing an average binding inhibition value of 68.20% +/- 18.87%. Older age (p < 0.001) and obesity (p = 0.01) had a negative effect on the antibody persistence. SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular immune response was proven in 75% of individuals (mean Interferon-gamma release: 579.68 mlU/ml +/- 705.56 mlU/ml). CONCLUSION: Our data shows a declining immune response 9 months after the second dose of BNT162b2, supporting the potentially beneficial effect of booster vaccinations, the negative effect of obesity and age stresses the need of booster doses especially in these groups. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Herzberg, Fischer, Lindenkamp, Becher, Becker, Honarpisheh, Guraya, Strate and Knabbe. FAU - Herzberg, Jonas AU - Herzberg J AD - Department of Surgery, Krankenhaus Reinbek St. Adolf-Stift, Reinbek, Germany. FAU - Fischer, Bastian AU - Fischer B AD - Institut fur Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitatsklinik der Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany. FAU - Lindenkamp, Christopher AU - Lindenkamp C AD - Institut fur Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitatsklinik der Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany. FAU - Becher, Heiko AU - Becher H AD - Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Becker, Ann-Kristin AU - Becker AK AD - Asklepios Klinik Harburg, Abteilung fur Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Honarpisheh, Human AU - Honarpisheh H AD - Department of Surgery, Krankenhaus Reinbek St. Adolf-Stift, Reinbek, Germany. FAU - Guraya, Salman Yousuf AU - Guraya SY AD - Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Strate, Tim AU - Strate T AD - Department of Surgery, Krankenhaus Reinbek St. Adolf-Stift, Reinbek, Germany. FAU - Knabbe, Cornelius AU - Knabbe C AD - Institut fur Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitatsklinik der Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20220304 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Health Personnel MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Interferon-gamma MH - Obesity MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8931311 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - health care worker OT - humoral and cellular immunity OT - immunological memory OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/04 CRDT- 2022/03/21 08:50 PHST- 2021/12/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/21 08:50 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.839922 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Mar 4;13:839922. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.839922. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35294748 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220412 LR - 20220716 IS - 1724-6059 (Electronic) IS - 1121-8428 (Print) IS - 1121-8428 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Apr TI - Long-lasting clinical symptoms 6 months after COVID-19 infection in the French national cohort of patients on dialysis. PG - 787-793 LID - 10.1007/s40620-022-01295-z [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews have shown a high prevalence of long-term persistent sequelae after COVID-19. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and risk factors associated with long-lasting clinical symptoms (LLCS) in survivors on chronic dialysis at 6 months after the onset of acute COVID-19 infection in the pre-vaccination period. METHODS: This national cohort study included all French patients on dialysis who had SARS-Cov-2 infection between March and December 2020 and who were alive and still on dialysis 6 months after infection. A form was filled in at 6 months concerning the presence of the following persistent symptoms: extreme fatigue, headache, muscle or weight loss of > 5%, respiratory sequelae, tachycardia, chest pain, joint or muscle pain, persistent anosmia or ageusia, diarrhea, sensory disorders, neuro-cognitive disorders, post-traumatic stress syndrome, depression, and anxiety. RESULTS: Complete survey results were available for 1217 patients (25.2% of those included); 216 (17.7%) had some LLCS. Probability of 6-month LLCS was higher in patients who were hospitalized in a medical or intensive care unit: OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.16-2.33) and 5.03 (2.94-8.61), respectively. Younger patients had a lower probability of LLCS. Each year on dialysis, as well as diabetes, overweight or obesity were associated with a higher probability of LLCS by 1.03 (1.01-1.06), 1.53 (1.08-2.17), 1.96 (1.10-3.52) and 2.35 (1.30-4.26), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This national study shows that at least one in six patients on dialysis who have COVID-19 will have LLCS. Systematic screening in dialysis patients would allow us to identify those who need more careful prevention and long-term care and to address them towards a rehabilitation pathway. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Italian Society of Nephrology. FAU - Belkacemi, Mohamed AU - Belkacemi M AD - PRECIS, Nouvelles Technologies, Languedoc Mutualite, Montpellier, France. FAU - Baouche, Hayet AU - Baouche H AD - Biostatistics Unit, APHP-Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France. FAU - Gomis, Sebastien AU - Gomis S AD - Nephrology Department, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France. FAU - Lassalle, Mathilde AU - Lassalle M AD - Coordination Nationale de REIN, Agence de la Biomedecine Langue, REIN Registry, 1 avenue du Stade de France, 93212, Saint Denis La Plaine Cedex, France. FAU - Couchoud, Cecile AU - Couchoud C AD - Coordination Nationale de REIN, Agence de la Biomedecine Langue, REIN Registry, 1 avenue du Stade de France, 93212, Saint Denis La Plaine Cedex, France. cecile.couchoud@biomedecine.fr. CN - REIN registry LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220316 PL - England TA - J Nephrol JT - Journal of nephrology JID - 9012268 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/therapy MH - Cohort Studies MH - Disease Progression MH - Fatigue/etiology MH - Humans MH - Renal Dialysis/adverse effects MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8924724 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cohort-registry OT - Dialysis OT - SARS-Cov-2 OT - Sequelae COIS- No authors have any conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2022/03/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/13 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/16 CRDT- 2022/03/16 17:18 PHST- 2021/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/16 17:18 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40620-022-01295-z [pii] AID - 1295 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40620-022-01295-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nephrol. 2022 Apr;35(3):787-793. doi: 10.1007/s40620-022-01295-z. Epub 2022 Mar 16. PMID- 35288536 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220404 LR - 20220405 IS - 2059-3635 (Electronic) IS - 2095-9907 (Print) IS - 2059-3635 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Mar 14 TI - 3-dose of RBD vaccine is sufficient to elicit a long-lasting memory response against SARS-CoV-2 infection. PG - 84 LID - 10.1038/s41392-022-00937-9 [doi] LID - 84 FAU - Cong, Mengqing AU - Cong M AD - Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. FAU - Yang, Yunru AU - Yang Y AD - Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. FAU - Tong, Haiyang AU - Tong H AD - High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China. FAU - Shimu, Ajmeri Sultana AU - Shimu AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1838-436X AD - Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. FAU - Wang, Baolong AU - Wang B AD - Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. FAU - Li, Qing AU - Li Q AD - Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. FAU - Li, Fengyin AU - Li F AD - Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. FAU - Yang, Yi AU - Yang Y AD - Zhuoyi Biotech Co. Ltd, Changchun, 130616, China. FAU - Jin, Tengchuan AU - Jin T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1395-188X AD - Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. jint@ustc.edu.cn. FAU - Li, Bofeng AU - Li B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9110-8804 AD - Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. libf@ustc.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Letter PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220314 PL - England TA - Signal Transduct Target Ther JT - Signal transduction and targeted therapy JID - 101676423 RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC8918896 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/03/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/05 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/14 CRDT- 2022/03/15 05:43 PHST- 2021/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/15 05:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41392-022-00937-9 [pii] AID - 937 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41392-022-00937-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022 Mar 14;7(1):84. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-00937-9. PMID- 35283306 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220526 LR - 20230328 IS - 1469-0691 (Electronic) IS - 1198-743X (Print) IS - 1198-743X (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Jun TI - Caring for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. PG - 785-791 LID - S1198-743X(22)00117-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.02.040 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Elderly patients represent a high-risk group with increased risk of death from COVID-19. Despite the number of published studies, several unmet needs in care for older adults exist. OBJECTIVES: To discuss unmet needs of COVID-19 in this special population. SOURCES: A literature review for studies on COVID-19 in elderly patients published between December 2019 and November 2021 was performed. Clinical questions were formulated to guide the literature search. The search was conducted in the MEDLINE database, combining specific search terms. Two reviewers independently conducted the search and selected the studies according to the prespecified clinical questions. CONTENT: Elderly patients with COVID-19 have peculiar characteristics. They may have atypical clinical presentation, with no fever and with delirium or neurological manifestations as the most common signs, with potential delayed diagnosis and increased risk of death. The reported fatality rates among elderly patients with COVID-19 are extremely high. Several factors, including comorbidities, atypical presentation, and exclusion from intensive care unit care, contribute to this excess of mortality. Age alone is frequently used as a key factor to exclude the elderly from intensive care, but there is evidence that frailty rather than age better predicts the risk of poor outcome in this category. Durability of vaccine efficacy in the elderly remains debated, and the need for a third booster dose is becoming increasingly evident. Finally, efforts to care for elderly patients who have survived after acute COVID-19 should be implemented, considering the high rates of long COVID sequelae and the risk of longitudinal functional and cognitive decline. IMPLICATIONS: We highlight peculiar aspects of COVID-19 in elderly patients and factors contributing to high risk of poor outcome in this category. We also illuminated gaps in current evidence, suggesting future research directions and underlining the need for further studies on the optimal management of elderly patients with COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Prendki, Virginie AU - Prendki V AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Tiseo, Giusy AU - Tiseo G AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy. FAU - Falcone, Marco AU - Falcone M AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: marco.falcone@unipi.it. CN - ESCMID Study Group for Infections in the Elderly (ESGIE) LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220311 PL - England TA - Clin Microbiol Infect JT - Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases JID - 9516420 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/therapy MH - *Frailty/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Pandemics MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC8912971 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Elderly OT - Frailty OT - Geriatric OT - Long COVID OT - Older OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccines EDAT- 2022/03/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/27 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/11 CRDT- 2022/03/14 05:43 PHST- 2021/11/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/02/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/14 05:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1198-743X(22)00117-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.02.040 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022 Jun;28(6):785-791. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.02.040. Epub 2022 Mar 11. PMID- 35280987 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220321 LR - 20240824 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Memory B Cells Induced by Sputnik V Vaccination Produce SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies Upon Ex Vivo Restimulation. PG - 840707 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840707 [doi] LID - 840707 AB - The development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 remains a global health priority. Despite extensive use, the effects of Sputnik V on B cell immunity need to be explored in detail. We performed comprehensive profiling of humoral and B cell responses in a cohort of vaccinated subjects (n = 22), and demonstrate that Sputnik vaccination results in robust B cell immunity. We show that B memory cell (MBC) and antibody responses to Sputnik V were heavily dependent on whether the vaccinee had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection or not. 85 days after the first dose of the vaccine, ex vivo stimulated MBCs from the vast majority of Sputnik V vaccinees produced antibodies that robustly neutralized the Wuhan Spike-pseudotyped lentivirus. MBC-derived antibodies from all previously infected and some of the naive vaccine recipients could also cross-neutralize Beta (B.1.351) variant of SARS-CoV-2. Virus-neutralizing activity of MBC-derived antibodies correlated well with that of the serum antibodies, suggesting the interplay between the MBC and long-lived plasma cell responses. Thus, our in-depth analysis of MBC responses in Sputnik V vaccinees complements traditional serological approaches and may provide important outlook into future B cell responses upon re-encounter with the emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Byazrova, Kulemzin, Astakhova, Belovezhets, Efimov, Chikaev, Kolotygin, Gorchakov, Taranin and Filatov. FAU - Byazrova, Maria G AU - Byazrova MG AD - Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia. AD - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. FAU - Kulemzin, Sergey V AU - Kulemzin SV AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. FAU - Astakhova, Ekaterina A AU - Astakhova EA AD - Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia. AD - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. FAU - Belovezhets, Tatyana N AU - Belovezhets TN AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. FAU - Efimov, Grigory A AU - Efimov GA AD - Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia. FAU - Chikaev, Anton N AU - Chikaev AN AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. FAU - Kolotygin, Ilya O AU - Kolotygin IO AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. FAU - Gorchakov, Andrey A AU - Gorchakov AA AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. FAU - Taranin, Alexander V AU - Taranin AV AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. FAU - Filatov, Alexander V AU - Filatov AV AD - Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia. AD - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220224 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Cells, Cultured MH - Cohort Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunization MH - Male MH - Memory B Cells/*immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/*physiology MH - Vaccination MH - Vaccines, Synthetic/*immunology PMC - PMC8907154 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Sputnik V vaccine OT - memory B cells OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/22 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/24 CRDT- 2022/03/14 05:17 PHST- 2021/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/14 05:17 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840707 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 24;13:840707. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840707. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35278975 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220331 LR - 20240909 IS - 1873-5347 (Electronic) IS - 0277-9536 (Print) IS - 0277-9536 (Linking) VI - 298 DP - 2022 Apr TI - Inside the 'black box' of COVID-19 vaccination beliefs: Revealing the relative importance of public confidence and news consumption habits. PG - 114874 LID - S0277-9536(22)00180-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114874 [doi] AB - RATIONALE: President Biden's goal for 70% of U.S. adults to have received at least one vaccine by July 4, 2021 was not achieved. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to assess the 'black box' of positive COVID-19 vaccination beliefs to determine the relative importance of each factor and thus inform well-targeted and tailored health promotion efforts. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a sample of U.S. adults (N = 1656), assessing the influence of demographic characteristics, cognitive effects, public confidence, and news source variety and evaluation on positive COVID-19 vaccination beliefs. RESULTS: Overall, the strongest predictor of positive beliefs was high confidence in public health officials and political institutions to handle the COVID-19 pandemic effectively, yet negative sentiments toward COVID-19 research and science and COVID-19 vaccine ambivalence reduced the likelihood that beliefs were positive. Cognitive effects and public confidence were identified as key predictors of positive COVID-19 vaccination beliefs over and above party identification. Importantly, high levels of confidence in science and government were mostly driven by positive evaluations of liberal news sources. High levels of COVID-19 science backlash were mostly driven by positive evaluations of conservative news sources. CONCLUSIONS: To motivate COVID-19 vaccination among hesitant or resistant groups in the population, health promotion efforts should seek to reinforce positive COVID-19 vaccination beliefs by increasing public confidence and by reducing COVID-19 science backlash, largely by choosing specific news media and social media platforms (e.g., Breitbart, Fox News, and Facebook) as channels for health promotion and health information dissemination. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Lueck, Jennifer A AU - Lueck JA AD - Department of Communication, Texas A&M University, 456 Ross St., College Station, TX, USA. Electronic address: jlueck@tamu.edu. FAU - Callaghan, Timothy AU - Callaghan T AD - Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University. 212 Adriance Lab Rd. 1266 TAMU, College Station, TX, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220301 PL - England TA - Soc Sci Med JT - Social science & medicine (1982) JID - 8303205 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Habits MH - Humans MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - Vaccination/psychology PMC - PMC8885110 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attitude OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognition OT - Health promotion OT - News media OT - Public confidence OT - Vaccine COIS- None. EDAT- 2022/03/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/01 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/01 CRDT- 2022/03/12 20:16 PHST- 2021/06/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/02/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/12 20:16 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0277-9536(22)00180-0 [pii] AID - 114874 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114874 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Soc Sci Med. 2022 Apr;298:114874. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114874. Epub 2022 Mar 1. PMID- 35274566 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220525 LR - 20240828 IS - 1361-6609 (Electronic) IS - 0963-6625 (Print) IS - 0963-6625 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 5 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Charting cognition: Mapping public understanding of COVID-19. PG - 534-552 LID - 10.1177/09636625221078462 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic of the last 2 years (and counting) disrupted commerce, travel, workplaces, habits, and-of course-health, the world over. This study aimed to capture snapshots of the perceptions and misperceptions of COVID-19 among 27 participants from three US municipalities. These perspectives are analyzed through thematic analyses and concept maps. Such snapshots, particularly as viewed through the lens of narrative sense-making theory, capture a sample of cognitions at this unique moment in history: a little over 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings suggest that the (mis)perceptions captured are predominantly conveyed via narratives of participants' personal experiences, and that the themes of attitudes toward precautionary measures, uncertainty, and the muddied science communication environment are prevalent. These themes suggest several salient targets for future research and current science communication, such as a focus on basic explainers, vaccinations' safety and effectiveness and the necessity of uncertainty in the practice of science. FAU - Strydhorst, Natasha A AU - Strydhorst NA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2501-1315 AD - Texas Tech University, USA. FAU - Landrum, Asheley R AU - Landrum AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3074-804X AD - Texas Tech University, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220311 PL - England TA - Public Underst Sci JT - Public understanding of science (Bristol, England) JID - 9306503 MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Cognition MH - Communication MH - Humans MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9131401 OTO - NOTNLM OT - health communication OT - public understanding of science OT - science attitudes and perceptions OT - science communication OT - science journalism COIS- Declaration of conflicting interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2022/03/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/26 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/25 CRDT- 2022/03/11 08:42 PHST- 2022/03/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/11 08:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_09636625221078462 [pii] AID - 10.1177/09636625221078462 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Underst Sci. 2022 Jul;31(5):534-552. doi: 10.1177/09636625221078462. Epub 2022 Mar 11. PMID- 35273178 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220404 LR - 20261003 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Mar 10 TI - Divergent trajectories of antiviral memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection. PG - 1251 LID - 10.1038/s41467-022-28898-1 [doi] LID - 1251 AB - The trajectories of acquired immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection are not fully understood. We present a detailed longitudinal cohort study of UK healthcare workers prior to vaccination, presenting April-June 2020 with asymptomatic or symptomatic infection. Here we show a highly variable range of responses, some of which (T cell interferon-gamma ELISpot, N-specific antibody) wane over time, while others (spike-specific antibody, B cell memory ELISpot) are stable. We use integrative analysis and a machine-learning approach (SIMON - Sequential Iterative Modeling OverNight) to explore this heterogeneity. We identify a subgroup of participants with higher antibody responses and interferon-gamma ELISpot T cell responses, and a robust trajectory for longer term immunity associates with higher levels of neutralising antibodies against the infecting (Victoria) strain and also against variants B.1.1.7 (alpha) and B.1.351 (beta). These variable trajectories following early priming may define subsequent protection from severe disease from novel variants. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Tomic, Adriana AU - Tomic A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9885-3535 AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. info@adrianatomic.com. FAU - Skelly, Donal T AU - Skelly DT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2426-3097 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Dept of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Ogbe, Ane AU - Ogbe A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7774-7215 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - O'Connor, Daniel AU - O'Connor D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6902-9886 AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Pace, Matthew AU - Pace M AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Adland, Emily AU - Adland E AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Alexander, Frances AU - Alexander F AD - United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire, England. FAU - Ali, Mohammad AU - Ali M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0170-7182 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Allott, Kirk AU - Allott K AD - Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Azim Ansari, M AU - Azim Ansari M AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sandra AU - Belij-Rammerstorfer S AD - Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Bibi, Sagida AU - Bibi S AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Blackwell, Luke AU - Blackwell L AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Brown, Anthony AU - Brown A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6751-3300 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Brown, Helen AU - Brown H AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Cavell, Breeze AU - Cavell B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9897-1590 AD - United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire, England. FAU - Clutterbuck, Elizabeth A AU - Clutterbuck EA AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - de Silva, Thushan AU - de Silva T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6498-9212 AD - The Florey Institute for Host-Pathogen Interactions and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. FAU - Eyre, David AU - Eyre D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5095-6367 AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - Big Data Institute, Nuffield Dept. of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Lumley, Sheila AU - Lumley S AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Flaxman, Amy AU - Flaxman A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6460-1372 AD - Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Grist, James AU - Grist J AD - Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Hackstein, Carl-Philipp AU - Hackstein CP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0821-5204 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Halkerston, Rachel AU - Halkerston R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6420-3331 AD - United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire, England. FAU - Harding, Adam C AU - Harding AC AD - James & Lillian Martin Centre, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Hill, Jennifer AU - Hill J AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - James, Tim AU - James T AD - Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Jay, Cecilia AU - Jay C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2387-9225 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Johnson, Sile A AU - Johnson SA AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Medical School, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Kronsteiner, Barbara AU - Kronsteiner B AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford Centre For Global Health Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Lie, Yolanda AU - Lie Y AD - Monogram Biosciences LabCorp, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Linder, Aline AU - Linder A AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Longet, Stephanie AU - Longet S AD - United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire, England. AD - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Marinou, Spyridoula AU - Marinou S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0764-5966 AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Matthews, Philippa C AU - Matthews PC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4036-4269 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Mellors, Jack AU - Mellors J AD - United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire, England. FAU - Petropoulos, Christos AU - Petropoulos C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5496-8090 AD - Monogram Biosciences LabCorp, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Rongkard, Patpong AU - Rongkard P AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Sedik, Cynthia AU - Sedik C AD - Monogram Biosciences LabCorp, San Francisco, CA, USA. FAU - Silva-Reyes, Laura AU - Silva-Reyes L AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Smith, Holly AU - Smith H AD - Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Stockdale, Lisa AU - Stockdale L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2576-8783 AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Taylor, Stephen AU - Taylor S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9936-8539 AD - United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire, England. FAU - Thomas, Stephen AU - Thomas S AD - United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire, England. FAU - Tipoe, Timothy AU - Tipoe T AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Turtle, Lance AU - Turtle L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0778-1693 AD - HPRU in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (a member of Liverpool Health Partners), Liverpool, UK. FAU - Vieira, Vinicius Adriano AU - Vieira VA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4901-0424 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Wrin, Terri AU - Wrin T AD - Monogram Biosciences LabCorp, San Francisco, CA, USA. CN - OPTIC Clinical Group CN - PITCH Study Group CN - C-MORE Group FAU - Pollard, Andrew J AU - Pollard AJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7361-719X AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Lambe, Teresa AU - Lambe T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7711-897X AD - Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Conlon, Chris P AU - Conlon CP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3531-2464 AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Jeffery, Katie AU - Jeffery K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6506-2689 AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Travis, Simon AU - Travis S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2690-4361 AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Goulder, Philip AU - Goulder P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9842-4674 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Frater, John AU - Frater J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7163-7277 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Mentzer, Alex J AU - Mentzer AJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4502-2209 AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Stafford, Lizzie AU - Stafford L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1610-5136 AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Carroll, Miles W AU - Carroll MW AD - United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire, England. AD - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - James, William S AU - James WS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2506-1198 AD - James & Lillian Martin Centre, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Klenerman, Paul AU - Klenerman P AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. AD - Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Barnes, Eleanor AU - Barnes E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0860-0831 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. ellie.barnes@ndm.ox.ac.uk. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. ellie.barnes@ndm.ox.ac.uk. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. ellie.barnes@ndm.ox.ac.uk. AD - Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. ellie.barnes@ndm.ox.ac.uk. FAU - Dold, Christina AU - Dold C AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Dunachie, Susanna J AU - Dunachie SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5665-6293 AD - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford Centre For Global Health Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. LA - eng GR - 204721/Z/16/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 211153/Z/18/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - MR/L006588/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220310 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antiviral Agents MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC8913789 COIS- D.W.E. declares lecture fees from Gilead, outside the submitted work. No other competing interests declared. S.J.D. is a Scientific Advisor to the Scottish Parliament, for which a fee is received. All other authors declare no other competing interests. FIR - Stafford, Lizzie IR - Stafford L FIR - Abuelgasim, Hibatullah IR - Abuelgasim H FIR - Alhussni, Ahmed IR - Alhussni A FIR - Arancibia-Carcamo, Carolina V IR - Arancibia-Carcamo CV FIR - Borak, Martyna IR - Borak M FIR - Cutteridge, Joseph IR - Cutteridge J FIR - Deeks, Alexandra IR - Deeks A FIR - Denly, Lucy IR - Denly L FIR - Dimitriadis, Stavros IR - Dimitriadis S FIR - Fassih, Shayan IR - Fassih S FIR - Foord, Thomas IR - Foord T FIR - Fordwoh, Thomas IR - Fordwoh T FIR - Holmes, Jennifer IR - Holmes J FIR - Horsington, Bryn IR - Horsington B FIR - Kerneis, Sven IR - Kerneis S FIR - Kim, David IR - Kim D FIR - Lillie, Katy IR - Lillie K FIR - Morrow, Jordan IR - Morrow J FIR - O'Donnell, Denise IR - O'Donnell D FIR - Ritter, Thomas G IR - Ritter TG FIR - Simmons, Beatrice IR - Simmons B FIR - Taylor, Adan IR - Taylor A FIR - Thomas, Sarah R IR - Thomas SR FIR - Warren, Yolanda IR - Warren Y FIR - Watson, Adam J R IR - Watson AJR FIR - Weeks, Esme IR - Weeks E FIR - Wilson, Robert IR - Wilson R FIR - Young, Rebecca IR - Young R FIR - Duncan, Christopher J A IR - Duncan CJA FIR - Moore, Shona C IR - Moore SC FIR - Payne, Rebecca IR - Payne R FIR - Richter, Alex IR - Richter A FIR - Rowland-Jones, Sarah IR - Rowland-Jones S FIR - Mentzer, Alexander J IR - Mentzer AJ FIR - Cassar, Mark Philip IR - Cassar MP FIR - Dong, Tao IR - Dong T FIR - Fries, Anastasia IR - Fries A FIR - Gilbert-Jaramillo, Javier IR - Gilbert-Jaramillo J FIR - Ho, Ling-Pei IR - Ho LP FIR - Knight, Julian C IR - Knight JC FIR - Neubauer, Stefan IR - Neubauer S FIR - Peng, Yanchun IR - Peng Y FIR - Petousi, Nayia IR - Petousi N FIR - Raman, Betty IR - Raman B FIR - Talbot, Nick P IR - Talbot NP EDAT- 2022/03/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/05 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/10 CRDT- 2022/03/11 05:37 PHST- 2021/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/11 05:37 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-022-28898-1 [pii] AID - 28898 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-022-28898-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2022 Mar 10;13(1):1251. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28898-1. PMID- 35271690 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20240220 IS - 1537-6591 (Electronic) IS - 1058-4838 (Linking) DP - 2022 Mar 10 TI - Existence of immunological memory response in true sero-negative individuals post COVID-19 molecular diagnosis. LID - ciac196 [pii] LID - 10.1093/cid/ciac196 [doi] AB - Approximately 1-8% of individuals do not develop antibodies following SARS-CoV-2 infection (sero-negatives). One BNT162b2 dose resulted in potent humoral response in 14 sero-negatives and 15 sero-positives, significantly higher than the response of 15 naive-individuals, to two doses suggesting that COVID-19 provoked a memory response in individuals without detectable antibodies. CI - Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2022. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US. FAU - Lustig, Yaniv AU - Lustig Y AD - Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. AD - Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Mendelson, Ella AU - Mendelson E AD - Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. FAU - Mandelboim, Michal AU - Mandelboim M AD - Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. FAU - Biber, Asaf AU - Biber A AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. AD - Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. FAU - Levin, Einav G AU - Levin EG AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. AD - Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. FAU - Cohen, Carmit AU - Cohen C AD - Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. FAU - Regev-Yochay, Gili AU - Regev-Yochay G AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. AD - Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. FAU - Schwartz, Eli AU - Schwartz E AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. AD - Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220310 PL - United States TA - Clin Infect Dis JT - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America JID - 9203213 SB - IM EDAT- 2022/03/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/11 06:00 CRDT- 2022/03/10 17:14 PHST- 2021/10/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/10 17:14 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/11 06:00 [medline] AID - 6546613 [pii] AID - 10.1093/cid/ciac196 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Mar 10:ciac196. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac196. PMID- 35251011 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220311 LR - 20250103 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Pregnant Women Develop a Specific Immunological Long-Lived Memory Against SARS-COV-2. PG - 827889 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827889 [doi] LID - 827889 AB - It is well established that pregnancy induces deep changes in the immune system. This is part of the physiological adaptation of the female organism to the pregnancy and the immunological tolerance toward the fetus. Indeed, over the three trimesters, the suppressive T regulatory lymphocytes are progressively more represented, while the expression of co-stimulatory molecules decreases overtime. Such adaptations relate to an increased risk of infections and progression to severe disease in pregnant women, potentially resulting in an altered generation of long-lived specific immunological memory of infection contracted during pregnancy. How potent is the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in infected pregnant women and how long the specific SARS-CoV-2 immunity might last need to be urgently addressed, especially considering the current vaccinal campaign. To address these questions, we analyzed the long-term immunological response upon SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women from delivery to a six-months follow-up. In particular, we investigated the specific antibody production, T cell memory subsets, and inflammation profile. Results show that 80% developed an anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG response, comparable with the general population. While IgG were present only in 50% of the asymptomatic subjects, the antibody production was elicited by infection in all the mild-to-critical patients. The specific T-cell memory subsets rebalanced over-time, and the pro-inflammatory profile triggered by specific SARS-CoV-2 stimulation faded away. These results shed light on SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity in pregnant women; understanding the immunological dynamics of the immune system in response to SARS-CoV-2 is essential for defining proper obstetric management of pregnant women and fine tune gender-specific vaccinal plans. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Fenizia, Cetin, Mileto, Vanetti, Saulle, Di Giminiani, Saresella, Parisi, Trabattoni, Clerici, Biasin and Savasi. FAU - Fenizia, Claudio AU - Fenizia C AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Cetin, Irene AU - Cetin I AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate Buzzi Children's Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy. FAU - Mileto, Davide AU - Mileto D AD - Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bio-emergence Diagnosis, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy. FAU - Vanetti, Claudia AU - Vanetti C AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Saulle, Irma AU - Saulle I AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Di Giminiani, Maria AU - Di Giminiani M AD - Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy. FAU - Saresella, Marina AU - Saresella M AD - Fondazione don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Milan, Italy. FAU - Parisi, Francesca AU - Parisi F AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy. FAU - Trabattoni, Daria AU - Trabattoni D AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Clerici, Mario AU - Clerici M AD - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Fondazione don Carlo Gnocchi, IRCCS, Milan, Italy. FAU - Biasin, Mara AU - Biasin M AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Savasi, Valeria AU - Savasi V AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. AD - Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220210 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Antibody Formation/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Cell Line MH - Chlorocebus aethiops MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory/*immunology MH - Pregnancy MH - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*immunology/*virology MH - Pregnant People MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Vero Cells MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8889908 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody OT - immunological memory OT - long term OT - pregnancy COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/08 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/12 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/10 CRDT- 2022/03/07 06:03 PHST- 2021/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/07 06:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827889 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 10;13:827889. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827889. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35250966 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220310 LR - 20220310 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - Progress and Challenges Toward Generation and Maintenance of Long-Lived Memory T Lymphocyte Responses During COVID-19. PG - 804808 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.804808 [doi] LID - 804808 AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a serious global threat until we identify the effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by various immunopathological consequences including lymphocyte activation and dysfunction, lymphopenia, cytokine storm, increased level of neutrophils, and depletion and exhaustion of lymphocytes. Considering the low level of antibody-mediated protection during coronavirus infection, understanding the role of T cell for long-term protection is decisive. Both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response is imperative for cell-mediated immune response during COVID-19. However, the level of CD8(+) T cell response reduced to almost half as compared to CD4(+) after 6 months of infection. The long-term protection is mediated via generation of immunological memory response during COVID-19. The presence of memory CD4(+) T cells in all the severely infected and recovered individuals shows that the memory response is predominated by CD4(+) T cells. Prominently, the antigen-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are specifically observed during day 0 to day 28 in COVID-19-vaccinated individuals. However, level of antigen-specific T memory cells in COVID-19-vaccinated individuals defines the long-term protection against forthcoming outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Kumar, Saxena, Maurya and Tripathi. FAU - Kumar, Swatantra AU - Kumar S AD - Centre for Advanced Research (CFAR), Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, India. FAU - Saxena, Shailendra K AU - Saxena SK AD - Centre for Advanced Research (CFAR), Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, India. FAU - Maurya, Vimal K AU - Maurya VK AD - Centre for Advanced Research (CFAR), Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, India. FAU - Tripathi, Anil K AU - Tripathi AK AD - Centre for Advanced Research (CFAR), Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220217 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory/*immunology MH - Memory T Cells/*immunology PMC - PMC8891701 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell response OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell response OT - cytokine storm OT - immunopathogenesis OT - memory T cell response COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/08 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/11 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/17 CRDT- 2022/03/07 06:03 PHST- 2021/10/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/07 06:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.804808 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 17;12:804808. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.804808. eCollection 2021. PMID- 35239452 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220415 LR - 20220516 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec 31 TI - Detection of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies following BBIBP-CorV COVID-19 vaccination in a rituximab-treated person with multiple sclerosis presenting with manifestations of an acute relapse. PG - 2033540 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2022.2033540 [doi] LID - 2033540 AB - Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a relatively unknown autoimmune entity. Scant reports of post-infection/vaccination anti-NMDAR encephalitis exist. We, hereby, reviewed the relevant cases and added to the literature a possible case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis following COVID-19 vaccination with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm). A 50-year-old Persian woman with previously known rituximab-treated MS presented complaining of worsening neurological symptoms all gradually starting and worsening after receiving the second dose of BBVIP-CorV 2 weeks before. Notable findings in her physical examination included ataxic gait and Babinski sign. Considering an acute MS relapse, corticosteroid pulse therapy was initiated, and she was referred for MRI, which revealed multiple new plaques. Her serum sample interestingly tested positive for anti-NMDAR antibodies. CSF analysis was unfortunately not performed. She responded well to the corticosteroid pulse therapy and showed substantial resolution of the symptoms. Considering its relatively low cost of workup and the benefits of correct early diagnosis, clinicians are advised to consider autoimmune encephalitis encountering patients with progressive neurological symptoms after the administration of vaccines, including the ones for COVID-19 which are currently being used extensively. FAU - Etemadifar, Masoud AU - Etemadifar M AD - Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Nouri, Hosein AU - Nouri H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1808-0443 AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AD - Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Salari, Mehri AU - Salari M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7102-821X AD - Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iran. FAU - Sedaghat, Nahad AU - Sedaghat N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2796-6791 AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AD - Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Isfahan, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220303 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (Adrenal Cortex Hormones) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate) RN - 4F4X42SYQ6 (Rituximab) SB - IM MH - Adrenal Cortex Hormones MH - *Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/diagnosis/drug therapy MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - *Multiple Sclerosis MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local MH - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate MH - Rituximab/therapeutic use MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC9009911 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor antibodies OT - Autoimmune encephalitis OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - case report OT - multiple sclerosis COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2022/03/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/03 CRDT- 2022/03/03 17:13 PHST- 2022/03/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/03 17:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2033540 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2022.2033540 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Dec 31;18(1):2033540. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2033540. Epub 2022 Mar 3. PMID- 35237272 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220314 LR - 20260127 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Antigen-Specific CD4(+) T-Cell Activation in Primary Antibody Deficiency After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination. PG - 827048 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827048 [doi] LID - 827048 AB - Previous studies on immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) were inconclusive with respect to the ability of the patients to produce vaccine-specific IgG antibodies, while patients with milder forms of primary antibody deficiency such as immunoglobulin isotype deficiency or selective antibody deficiency have not been studied at all. In this study we examined antigen-specific activation of CXCR5-positive and CXCR5-negative CD4(+) memory cells and also isotype-specific and functional antibody responses in patients with CVID as compared to other milder forms of primary antibody deficiency and healthy controls six weeks after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Expression of the activation markers CD25 and CD134 was examined by multi-color flow cytometry on CD4(+) T cell subsets stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides, while in parallel IgG and IgA antibodies and surrogate virus neutralization antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were measured by ELISA. The results show that in CVID and patients with other milder forms of antibody deficiency normal IgG responses (titers of spike protein-specific IgG three times the detection limit or more) were associated with intact vaccine-specific activation of CXCR5-negative CD4(+) memory T cells, despite defective activation of circulating T follicular helper cells. In contrast, CVID IgG nonresponders showed defective vaccine-specific and superantigen-induced activation of both CD4(+)T cell subsets. In conclusion, impaired TCR-mediated activation of CXCR5-negative CD4(+) memory T cells following stimulation with vaccine antigen or superantigen identifies patients with primary antibody deficiency and impaired IgG responses after BNT162b2 vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Sauerwein, Geier, Stemberger, Akyaman, Illes, Fischer, Eibl, Walter and Wolf. FAU - Sauerwein, Kai M T AU - Sauerwein KMT AD - Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Vienna, Austria. AD - Department for Biomedical Research, Center of Experimental Medicine, Danube University Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria. AD - Biomedizinische Forschung & Bio-Produkte AG, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Geier, Christoph B AU - Geier CB AD - Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Stemberger, Roman F AU - Stemberger RF AD - Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Akyaman, Huseyin AU - Akyaman H AD - Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Illes, Peter AU - Illes P AD - USF Health Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy/Immunology, Children s Research Institute, St. Petersburg, FL, United States. FAU - Fischer, Michael B AU - Fischer MB AD - Department for Biomedical Research, Center of Experimental Medicine, Danube University Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria. AD - Clinic for Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Eibl, Martha M AU - Eibl MM AD - Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Vienna, Austria. AD - Biomedizinische Forschung & Bio-Produkte AG, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Walter, Jolan E AU - Walter JE AD - Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States. AD - Division of Allergy/Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States. FAU - Wolf, Hermann M AU - Wolf HM AD - Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Vienna, Austria. AD - Medical School, Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220214 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Enterotoxins) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell) RN - 0 (Receptors, CXCR5) RN - 0 (CXCR5 protein, human) RN - 39424-53-8 (enterotoxin B, staphylococcal) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine/*immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/prevention & control MH - Common Variable Immunodeficiency/immunology MH - Enterotoxins/immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Male MH - Memory T Cells/immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/*immunology MH - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology MH - Receptors, CXCR5/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - T Follicular Helper Cells/immunology MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8882590 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CXCR5-negative CD4+ memory T cells OT - activation induced marker assay OT - circulating follicular T helper cells OT - common variable immunodeficiency OT - primary immunoglobulin isotype deficiency OT - surrogate virus neutralization assay COIS- Authors KS and ME were employed by the company Biomedizinische Forschung & Bio-Produkte AG that had no role in the design of this study or during its execution, analyses, interpretation of the data and decision to submit the present manuscript. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/14 CRDT- 2022/03/03 05:35 PHST- 2021/12/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/03 05:35 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827048 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 14;13:827048. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827048. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35233547 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220311 LR - 20220311 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 2 DP - 2022 Feb 15 TI - Clinical course impacts early kinetics,magnitude, and amplitude of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies beyond 1 year after infection. PG - 100523 LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100523 [doi] LID - 100523 AB - To understand the determinants of long-term immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the concurrent impact of vaccination and emerging variants, we follow a prospective cohort of 332 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) over more than a year after symptom onset. We evaluate plasma-neutralizing activity using HIV-based pseudoviruses expressing the spike of different SARS-CoV-2 variants and analyze them longitudinally using mixed-effects models. Long-term neutralizing activity is stable beyond 1 year after infection in mild/asymptomatic and hospitalized participants. However, longitudinal models suggest that hospitalized individuals generate both short- and long-lived memory B cells, while the responses of non-hospitalized individuals are dominated by long-lived B cells. In both groups, vaccination boosts responses to natural infection. Long-term (>300 days from infection) responses in unvaccinated participants show a reduced efficacy against beta, but not alpha nor delta, variants. Multivariate analysis identifies the severity of primary infection as an independent determinant of higher magnitude and lower relative cross-neutralization activity of long-term neutralizing responses. CI - (c) 2022 The Author(s). FAU - Pradenas, Edwards AU - Pradenas E AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Trinite, Benjamin AU - Trinite B AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Urrea, Victor AU - Urrea V AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Marfil, Silvia AU - Marfil S AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Tarres-Freixas, Ferran AU - Tarres-Freixas F AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Ortiz, Raquel AU - Ortiz R AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Rovirosa, Carla AU - Rovirosa C AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Rodon, Jordi AU - Rodon J AD - IRTA Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Vergara-Alert, Julia AU - Vergara-Alert J AD - IRTA Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Segales, Joaquim AU - Segales J AD - UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-UAB), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain. AD - Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinaria, UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Guallar, Victor AU - Guallar V AD - Barcelona Supercomputing Center, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. AD - Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Valencia, Alfonso AU - Valencia A AD - Barcelona Supercomputing Center, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. AD - Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Izquierdo-Useros, Nuria AU - Izquierdo-Useros N AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Noguera-Julian, Marc AU - Noguera-Julian M AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Carrillo, Jorge AU - Carrillo J AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Paredes, Roger AU - Paredes R AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Fight against AIDS Foundation (FLS), Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Mateu, Lourdes AU - Mateu L AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Fight against AIDS Foundation (FLS), Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Chamorro, Anna AU - Chamorro A AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Fight against AIDS Foundation (FLS), Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Toledo, Ruth AU - Toledo R AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Fight against AIDS Foundation (FLS), Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Massanella, Marta AU - Massanella M AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Clotet, Bonaventura AU - Clotet B AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. AD - Infectious Diseases Department, Fight against AIDS Foundation (FLS), Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. AD - University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Blanco, Julia AU - Blanco J AD - IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, UAB, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. de Canyet s/n. 2a Planta Maternal, 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. AD - University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Catalonia, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220124 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/*immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/blood/*immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Female MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Kinetics MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - *Severity of Illness Index MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Vaccination/methods MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8784437 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell memory OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - durability OT - half-life OT - humoral response OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - pseudovirus OT - severity OT - variants of concern COIS- Unrelated to the submitted work, J.B. and J.C. are founders and shareholders of AlbaJuna Therapeutics, SL. B.C. is founder and shareholder of AlbaJuna Therapeutics, SL, and AELIX Therapeutics, SL. The other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/03/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/12 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/24 CRDT- 2022/03/02 06:15 PHST- 2021/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/02 06:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(22)00023-4 [pii] AID - 100523 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100523 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2022 Jan 24;3(2):100523. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100523. eCollection 2022 Feb 15. PMID- 35227552 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220401 LR - 20260127 IS - 1873-2364 (Electronic) IS - 0960-8966 (Print) IS - 0960-8966 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar TI - Early safety and tolerability profile of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in myasthenia gravis. PG - 230-235 LID - S0960-8966(22)00030-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.01.013 [doi] AB - Although the COVID-19 vaccines are currently recommended for people with myasthenia gravis (MG), there is no data regarding the safety of the vaccines in this population. In order to investigate the real-life safety data of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in people with MG, an anonymous survey was distributed to 142 MG patients. Fifty-six MG patients completed the questionnaire. The median age was 53 years (range 23-83 years); 35 (62.5%) were males, and 25 (44.6%) had associated comorbidities. Thirty-seven participants (66.1%) were treated with immunotherapies. Fifty-five participants (98.2% of the responders) received the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine. Of these, 32 (58.2%) were < 55 years old, and 23 (41.8%) were > 55 years old. Adverse events were more common in patients younger than 55 years old (46.9% Vs. 17.4%; p = 0.0428). Eight participants (14.5%) reported worsening neurological symptoms following the vaccination. Three of those who reported worsening of neurological symptoms (37.5%) required additional treatment. Most events occurred within the first few days after vaccination and resolved within a few weeks. This survey indicates an overall favorable safety and tolerability profile of the BNT162b2 vaccine in people with MG. Additional prospective, large-scale studies are warranted to confirm these findings. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Lotan, Itay AU - Lotan I AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Neuroimmunology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. Electronic address: lotan.itay1@gmail.com. FAU - Hellmann, Mark A AU - Hellmann MA AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Neuroimmunology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. FAU - Friedman, Yitzhak AU - Friedman Y AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Neuroimmunology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. FAU - Stiebel-Kalish, Hadas AU - Stiebel-Kalish H AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Department of Ophthalmology and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. FAU - Steiner, Israel AU - Steiner I AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. FAU - Wilf-Yarkoni, Adi AU - Wilf-Yarkoni A AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Neuroimmunology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220205 PL - England TA - Neuromuscul Disord JT - Neuromuscular disorders : NMD JID - 9111470 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Myasthenia Gravis MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8817458 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Myasthenia gravis OT - Safety OT - Tolerability: Adverse events OT - Vaccine COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest none. EDAT- 2022/03/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/02 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/05 CRDT- 2022/03/01 05:46 PHST- 2021/08/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/01 05:46 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0960-8966(22)00030-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.01.013 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neuromuscul Disord. 2022 Mar;32(3):230-235. doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.01.013. Epub 2022 Feb 5. PMID- 35202565 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240923 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Mar 17 TI - Germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. PG - 1008-1024.e15 LID - S0092-8674(22)00138-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.027 [doi] AB - Vaccine-mediated immunity often relies on the generation of protective antibodies and memory B cells, which commonly stem from germinal center (GC) reactions. An in-depth comparison of the GC responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in healthy and immunocompromised individuals has not yet been performed due to the challenge of directly probing human lymph nodes. Herein, through a fine-needle aspiration-based approach, we profiled the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in lymph nodes of healthy individuals and kidney transplant recipients (KTXs). We found that, unlike healthy subjects, KTXs presented deeply blunted SARS-CoV-2-specific GC B cell responses coupled with severely hindered T follicular helper cell, SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain-specific memory B cell, and neutralizing antibody responses. KTXs also displayed reduced SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell frequencies. Broadly, these data indicate impaired GC-derived immunity in immunocompromised individuals and suggest a GC origin for certain humoral and memory B cell responses following mRNA vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lederer, Katlyn AU - Lederer K AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Bettini, Emily AU - Bettini E AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Parvathaneni, Kalpana AU - Parvathaneni K AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Painter, Mark M AU - Painter MM AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Agarwal, Divyansh AU - Agarwal D AD - Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. FAU - Lundgreen, Kendall A AU - Lundgreen KA AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Weirick, Madison AU - Weirick M AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Muralidharan, Kavitha AU - Muralidharan K AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Castano, Diana AU - Castano D AD - Grupo de Inmunologia Celular e Inmunogenetica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Antioquia 050010, Colombia. FAU - Goel, Rishi R AU - Goel RR AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Xu, Xiaoming AU - Xu X AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Drapeau, Elizabeth M AU - Drapeau EM AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Gouma, Sigrid AU - Gouma S AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Ort, Jordan T AU - Ort JT AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Awofolaju, Moses AU - Awofolaju M AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Greenplate, Allison R AU - Greenplate AR AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Le Coz, Carole AU - Le Coz C AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Romberg, Neil AU - Romberg N AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Trofe-Clark, Jennifer AU - Trofe-Clark J AD - Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Malat, Gregory AU - Malat G AD - Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Jones, Lisa AU - Jones L AD - Department of Radiology, Division of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Rosen, Mark AU - Rosen M AD - Department of Radiology, Division of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. FAU - Besharatian, Behdad AU - Besharatian B AD - Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Kaminiski, Mary AU - Kaminiski M AD - Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Hensley, Scott E AU - Hensley SE AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Bates, Paul AU - Bates P AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Wherry, E John AU - Wherry EJ AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Naji, Ali AU - Naji A AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: ali.naji@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. FAU - Bhoj, Vijay AU - Bhoj V AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: vbhoj@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. FAU - Locci, Michela AU - Locci M AD - Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: michela.locci@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. LA - eng GR - R21 AI142638/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI152236/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI153064/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI146026/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI082630/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI123738/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI146101/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220202 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2021 Sep 21:2021.09.16.21263686. doi: 10.1101/2021.09.16.21263686. PMID: 34580676 PMC - PMC8808747 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T follicular helper cells OT - fine-needle aspiration OT - germinal center B cells OT - germinal centers OT - immunocompromised OT - kidney transplant recipients OT - mRNA vaccines OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibodies COIS- Declaration of interests E.J.W. is consulting or is an advisor for Merck, Elstar, Janssen, Related Sciences, Synthekine, and Surface Oncology. E.J.W. is a founder of Surface Oncology and Arsenal Biosciences. E.J.W. is an inventor on a patent (US Patent number 10,370,446) submitted by Emory University that covers the use of PD-1 blockade to treat infections and cancer. S.E.H. has received consultancy fee from Sanofi Pasteur, Lumen, Novavax, and Merck for work unrelated to this report. A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone, Flow Pharma, Arcturus, Immunoscape, CellCarta, Oxford Immunotech, and Avalia. EDAT- 2022/02/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/25 06:01 PMCR- 2022/02/02 CRDT- 2022/02/24 20:10 PHST- 2021/08/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/25 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/24 20:10 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(22)00138-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.027 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2022 Mar 17;185(6):1008-1024.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.027. Epub 2022 Feb 2. PMID- 35201963 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220414 LR - 20240826 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec 31 TI - Self-Reported safety of the BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) COVID-19 vaccine among Iranian people with multiple sclerosis. PG - 2041945 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2022.2041945 [doi] LID - 2041945 AB - To affirm the short-term safety of the BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) COVID-19 vaccine among people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), 517 vaccinated and 174 unvaccinated pwMS were interviewed. 16.2% of the vaccinated pwMS reported at least one neurological symptom in their respective vaccine-related at-risk periods (ARP) - a period from the first dose until two weeks after the second dose of the vaccine. In a multivariable logistic regression model, the presence of comorbidities (P = 0.01), use of natalizumab (P = 0.03), and experiencing post-vaccination myalgia (P < 0.01) predicted the development of post-vaccination neurological symptoms. One MS relapse, one COVID-19 contraction, and one ulcerative colitis flare after the first dose, and four MS relapses after the second dose of the vaccine were the only reported serious adverse events during the ARPs. To show if the vaccine provoked MS relapses, we compared the relapse rate of vaccinated pwMS in the vaccine-related ARP with the annualized relapse rate of unvaccinated pwMS in the prior year-a measure of baseline MS relapsing activity in the respective time-using a multivariable Poisson regression model accounting for possible confounders, which failed to show any statistically significant increase (P = 0.78). Hence, subject to replication-as the vaccinated and unvaccinated pwMS differed in baseline characteristics-the BBIBP-CorV vaccine does not seem to affect short-term MS activity. Furthermore, as 83.33% of the unvaccinated pwMS reported fear of possible adverse events to be the reason of their vaccination hesitancy, provision of evidence-based consultations to pwMS is encouraged. Limitations of our study briefly included lack of data for self-controlled analysis of relapse rates, possible presence of recall bias, and lack of on-site validations regarding the clinical outcomes due to the remote nature. FAU - Etemadifar, Masoud AU - Etemadifar M AD - Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Abhari, Amir Parsa AU - Abhari AP AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AD - Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Iran. FAU - Nouri, Hosein AU - Nouri H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1808-0443 AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AD - Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Iran. FAU - Sigari, Amirhossein Akhavan AU - Sigari AA AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Piran Daliyeh, Seyed Mohammad AU - Piran Daliyeh SM AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Maracy, Mohammad Reza AU - Maracy MR AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Salari, Mehri AU - Salari M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7102-821X AD - Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Maleki, Shiva AU - Maleki S AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. FAU - Sedaghat, Nahad AU - Sedaghat N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2796-6791 AD - Alzahra Research Institute, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AD - Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220224 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Humans MH - Iran MH - *Multiple Sclerosis MH - Recurrence MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Self Report PMC - PMC9009900 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BBIBP-CorV OT - Multiple sclerosis OT - SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 vaccines OT - adverse events OT - vaccine safety COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2022/02/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/24 CRDT- 2022/02/24 17:20 PHST- 2022/02/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/24 17:20 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2041945 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2022.2041945 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Dec 31;18(1):2041945. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2041945. Epub 2022 Feb 24. PMID- 35193171 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220805 LR - 20250728 IS - 1758-0854 (Electronic) IS - 1758-0846 (Print) IS - 1758-0854 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Predicting COVID-19 booster vaccine intentions. PG - 819-841 LID - 10.1111/aphw.12349 [doi] AB - Achieving broad immunity through vaccination is a cornerstone strategy for long-term management of COVID-19 infections, particularly the prevention of serious cases and hospitalizations. Evidence that vaccine-induced immunity wanes over time points to the need for COVID-19 booster vaccines, and maximum compliance is required to maintain population-level immunity. Little is known of the correlates of intentions to receive booster vaccines among previously vaccinated individuals. The present study applied an integrated model to examine effects of beliefs from multiple social cognition theories alongside sets of generalized, stable beliefs on individuals' booster vaccine intentions. US residents (N = 479) recruited from an online survey panel completed measures of social cognition constructs (attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and risk perceptions), generalized beliefs (vaccine hesitancy, political orientation, and free will beliefs), and COVID-19 vaccine intentions. Social cognition constructs were related to booster vaccine intentions, with attitude and subjective norms exhibiting the largest effects. Effects of vaccine hesitancy, political orientation, and free will beliefs on intentions were mediated by the social cognition constructs, and only vaccine hesitancy had a small residual effect on intentions. Findings provide preliminary evidence that contributes to an evidence base of potential targets for intervention messages aimed at promoting booster vaccine intentions. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Association of Applied Psychology. FAU - Hagger, Martin S AU - Hagger MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2685-1546 AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, USA. AD - Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, USA. AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. AD - School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. FAU - Hamilton, Kyra AU - Hamilton K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9975-685X AD - Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, USA. AD - School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. AD - Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220222 PL - England TA - Appl Psychol Health Well Being JT - Applied psychology. Health and well-being JID - 101502957 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Intention MH - Vaccination MH - *Vaccines PMC - PMC9111247 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavior change OT - integrated models OT - social cognition theory OT - vaccine attitudes and beliefs OT - vaccine hesitancy COIS- The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2022/02/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/06 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/22 CRDT- 2022/02/22 20:13 PHST- 2021/11/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/22 20:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - APHW12349 [pii] AID - 10.1111/aphw.12349 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2022 Aug;14(3):819-841. doi: 10.1111/aphw.12349. Epub 2022 Feb 22. PMID- 35184205 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220414 LR - 20221207 IS - 1432-1920 (Electronic) IS - 0028-3940 (Print) IS - 0028-3940 (Linking) VI - 64 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May TI - Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccination: review of the neurological-neuroradiological procedure. PG - 865-874 LID - 10.1007/s00234-022-02914-z [doi] AB - Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST) after adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson) is a rare complication, occurring mainly in individuals under 60 years of age and more frequently in women. It manifests 4-24 days after vaccination. In most cases, antibodies against platelet factor-4/polyanion complexes play a pathogenic role, leading to thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) and sometimes a severe clinical or even fatal course. The leading symptom is headache, which usually increases in intensity over a few days. Seizures, visual disturbances, focal neurological symptoms, and signs of increased intracranial pressure are also possible. These symptoms may be combined with clinical signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation such as petechiae or gastrointestinal bleeding. If TTS-CVST is suspected, checking D-dimers, platelet count, and screening for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT-2) are diagnostically and therapeutically guiding. The imaging method of choice for diagnosis or exclusion of CVST is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with contrast-enhanced venous MR angiography (MRA). On T2*-weighted or susceptibility weighted MR sequences, the thrombus causes susceptibility artefacts (blooming), that allow for the detection even of isolated cortical vein thromboses. The diagnosis of TTS-CVST can usually be made reliably in synopsis with the clinical and laboratory findings. A close collaboration between neurologists and neuroradiologists is mandatory. TTS-CVST requires specific regimens of anticoagulation and immunomodulation therapy if thrombocytopenia and/or pathogenic antibodies to PF4/polyanion complexes are present. In this review article, the diagnostic and therapeutic steps in cases of suspected TTS associated CSVT are presented. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Wittstock, Matthias AU - Wittstock M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9904-6436 AD - Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Centre, Gehlsheimer Str. 20 18147 Rostock, Germany. matthias.wittstock@med.uni-rostock.de. FAU - Walter, Uwe AU - Walter U AD - Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Centre, Gehlsheimer Str. 20 18147 Rostock, Germany. FAU - Volmer, Erik AU - Volmer E AD - Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Paediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Centre, Rostock, Germany. FAU - Storch, Alexander AU - Storch A AD - Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Centre, Gehlsheimer Str. 20 18147 Rostock, Germany. FAU - Weber, Marc-Andre AU - Weber MA AD - Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Paediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Centre, Rostock, Germany. FAU - Grossmann, Annette AU - Grossmann A AD - Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Paediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Centre, Rostock, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220219 PL - Germany TA - Neuroradiology JT - Neuroradiology JID - 1302751 RN - JT2NS6183B (Ad26COVS1) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) SB - IM MH - Ad26COVS1 MH - Adenoviridae MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Intracranial Thrombosis/complications MH - *Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/diagnostic imaging/etiology MH - Syndrome MH - *Thrombocytopenia/chemically induced/diagnostic imaging MH - *Thrombosis/chemically induced/complications MH - Vaccination/adverse effects PMC - PMC8929723 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccination OT - Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis OT - Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia COIS- We declare that we have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/02/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/19 CRDT- 2022/02/20 20:39 PHST- 2021/11/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/20 20:39 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00234-022-02914-z [pii] AID - 2914 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00234-022-02914-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neuroradiology. 2022 May;64(5):865-874. doi: 10.1007/s00234-022-02914-z. Epub 2022 Feb 19. PMID- 35173705 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220224 LR - 20220224 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - Evaluation of the Immune Response Induced by CoronaVac 28-Day Schedule Vaccination in a Healthy Population Group. PG - 766278 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.766278 [doi] LID - 766278 AB - CoronaVac vaccine from Sinovac Life Science is currently being used in several countries. In Chile, the effectiveness of preventing hospitalization is higher than 80% with a vaccination schedule. However, to date, there are no data about immune response induction or specific memory. For this reason, we recruited 15 volunteers without previous suspected/diagnosed COVID-19 and with negative PCR over time to evaluate the immune response to CoronaVac 28 and 90 days after the second immunization (dpi). The CoronaVac administration induces total and neutralizing anti-spike antibodies in all vaccinated volunteers at 28 and 90 dpi. Furthermore, using ELISpot analysis to assay cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, we found an increase in IFN-gamma- and Granzyme B-producing cells in vaccinated volunteers at 28 and 90 dpi. Together, our results indicate that CoronaVac induces a robust humoral immune response and cellular immune memory of at least 90 dpi. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Escobar, Reyes-Lopez, Acevedo, Alonso-Palomares, Valiente-Echeverria, Soto-Rifo, Portillo, Gatica, Flores, Nova-Lamperti, Barrera-Avalos, Bono, Vargas, Simon, Leiva-Salcedo, Vial, Hormazabal, Cortes, Valdes, Sandino, Imarai and Acuna-Castillo. FAU - Escobar, Alejandro AU - Escobar A AD - Laboratorio Biologia Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Odontologicas, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Reyes-Lopez, Felipe E AU - Reyes-Lopez FE AD - Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola, Facultad de Quimica y Biologia, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. AD - Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain. AD - Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomia, Universidad de Las Americas, Providencia, Chile. FAU - Acevedo, Monica L AU - Acevedo ML AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Virology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Alonso-Palomares, Luis AU - Alonso-Palomares L AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Virology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Valiente-Echeverria, Fernando AU - Valiente-Echeverria F AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Virology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Soto-Rifo, Ricardo AU - Soto-Rifo R AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Virology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Portillo, Hugo AU - Portillo H AD - Laboratorio Biologia Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Odontologicas, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Gatica, Jimena AU - Gatica J AD - Laboratorio Biologia Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Odontologicas, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Flores, Ivan AU - Flores I AD - Laboratorio Biologia Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Odontologicas, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Nova-Lamperti, Estefania AU - Nova-Lamperti E AD - Molecular and Translational Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. FAU - Barrera-Avalos, Carlos AU - Barrera-Avalos C AD - Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola, Facultad de Quimica y Biologia, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Bono, Maria Rosa AU - Bono MR AD - Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Vargas, Leonardo AU - Vargas L AD - Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Simon, Valeska AU - Simon V AD - Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Leiva-Salcedo, Elias AU - Leiva-Salcedo E AD - Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola, Facultad de Quimica y Biologia, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Vial, Cecilia AU - Vial C AD - Programa Hantavirus y Zoonosis, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovacion en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Hormazabal, Juan AU - Hormazabal J AD - Programa Hantavirus y Zoonosis, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovacion en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Cortes, Lina Jimena AU - Cortes LJ AD - Programa Hantavirus y Zoonosis, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovacion en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Valdes, Daniel AU - Valdes D AD - Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola, Facultad de Quimica y Biologia, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Sandino, Ana M AU - Sandino AM AD - Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola, Facultad de Quimica y Biologia, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Imarai, Monica AU - Imarai M AD - Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola, Facultad de Quimica y Biologia, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. FAU - Acuna-Castillo, Claudio AU - Acuna-Castillo C AD - Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola, Facultad de Quimica y Biologia, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220131 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (IFNG protein, human) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) RN - EC 3.4.21.- (GZMB protein, human) RN - EC 3.4.21.- (Granzymes) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/*blood MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood MH - B-Lymphocytes/*drug effects/immunology/metabolism MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - COVID-19/immunology/*prevention & control/virology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*administration & dosage/immunology MH - Chile MH - Female MH - Granzymes/metabolism MH - Healthy Volunteers MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular/drug effects MH - Immunity, Humoral/drug effects MH - *Immunization Schedule MH - *Immunogenicity, Vaccine MH - Immunologic Memory/drug effects MH - Interferon-gamma/metabolism MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC8841433 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - CoronaVac OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - herd immunity OT - immunological memory OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/02/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/25 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/31 CRDT- 2022/02/17 05:34 PHST- 2021/08/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/17 05:34 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.766278 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Jan 31;12:766278. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.766278. eCollection 2021. PMID- 35172892 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220228 LR - 20220228 IS - 1756-994X (Electronic) IS - 1756-994X (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Feb 17 TI - Integrating single-cell sequencing data with GWAS summary statistics reveals CD16+monocytes and memory CD8+T cells involved in severe COVID-19. PG - 16 LID - 10.1186/s13073-022-01021-1 [doi] LID - 16 AB - BACKGROUND: Understanding the host genetic architecture and viral immunity contributes to the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Alterations of immune responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells play a crucial role in the detrimental progression of COVID-19. However, the effects of host genetic factors on immune responses for severe COVID-19 remain largely unknown. METHODS: We constructed a computational framework to characterize the host genetics that influence immune cell subpopulations for severe COVID-19 by integrating GWAS summary statistics (N = 969,689 samples) with four independent scRNA-seq datasets containing healthy controls and patients with mild, moderate, and severe symptom (N = 606,534 cells). We collected 10 predefined gene sets including inflammatory and cytokine genes to calculate cell state score for evaluating the immunological features of individual immune cells. RESULTS: We found that 34 risk genes were significantly associated with severe COVID-19, and the number of highly expressed genes increased with the severity of COVID-19. Three cell subtypes that are CD16+monocytes, megakaryocytes, and memory CD8+T cells were significantly enriched by COVID-19-related genetic association signals. Notably, three causal risk genes of CCR1, CXCR6, and ABO were highly expressed in these three cell types, respectively. CCR1(+)CD16+monocytes and ABO(+) megakaryocytes with significantly up-regulated genes, including S100A12, S100A8, S100A9, and IFITM1, confer higher risk to the dysregulated immune response among severe patients. CXCR6(+) memory CD8+ T cells exhibit a notable polyfunctionality including elevation of proliferation, migration, and chemotaxis. Moreover, we observed an increase in cell-cell interactions of both CCR1(+) CD16+monocytes and CXCR6(+) memory CD8+T cells in severe patients compared to normal controls among both PBMCs and lung tissues. The enhanced interactions of CXCR6(+) memory CD8+T cells with epithelial cells facilitate the recruitment of this specific population of T cells to airways, promoting CD8+T cell-mediated immunity against COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSIONS: We uncover a major genetics-modulated immunological shift between mild and severe infection, including an elevated expression of genetics-risk genes, increase in inflammatory cytokines, and of functional immune cell subsets aggravating disease severity, which provides novel insights into parsing the host genetic determinants that influence peripheral immune cells in severe COVID-19. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Ma, Yunlong AU - Ma Y AD - Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. FAU - Qiu, Fei AU - Qiu F AD - Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. FAU - Deng, Chunyu AU - Deng C AD - Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. FAU - Li, Jingjing AU - Li J AD - State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Yukuan AU - Huang Y AD - Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. FAU - Wu, Zeyi AU - Wu Z AD - Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. FAU - Zhou, Yijun AU - Zhou Y AD - Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. FAU - Zhang, Yaru AU - Zhang Y AD - Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. FAU - Xiong, Yichun AU - Xiong Y AD - Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325011, China. FAU - Yao, Yinghao AU - Yao Y AD - Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325011, China. FAU - Zhong, Yigang AU - Zhong Y AD - Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Qu, Jia AU - Qu J AD - Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. FAU - Su, Jianzhong AU - Su J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1054-6042 AD - Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. sujz@wmu.edu.cn. AD - Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325011, China. sujz@wmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220217 PL - England TA - Genome Med JT - Genome medicine JID - 101475844 RN - 0 (CCR1 protein, human) RN - 0 (CXCR6 protein, human) RN - 0 (FCGR3B protein, human) RN - 0 (GPI-Linked Proteins) RN - 0 (Receptors, CCR1) RN - 0 (Receptors, CXCR6) RN - 0 (Receptors, IgG) SB - IM MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*virology MH - COVID-19/*genetics/immunology/*pathology MH - Computational Biology/methods MH - GPI-Linked Proteins/metabolism MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Genome-Wide Association Study MH - Humans MH - Megakaryocyte Progenitor Cells/immunology/virology MH - Monocytes/metabolism/*virology MH - Quantitative Trait Loci MH - Receptors, CCR1/immunology/metabolism MH - Receptors, CXCR6/immunology/metabolism MH - Receptors, IgG/metabolism MH - Sequence Analysis, RNA MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Single-Cell Analysis/*methods PMC - PMC8851814 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - GWAS OT - Immune cells OT - Inflammatory storm OT - Single-cell sequencing COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/02/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/01 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/17 CRDT- 2022/02/17 05:29 PHST- 2021/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/17 05:29 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13073-022-01021-1 [pii] AID - 1021 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13073-022-01021-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Genome Med. 2022 Feb 17;14(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s13073-022-01021-1. PMID- 35154139 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220217 LR - 20220217 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Heterologous Immunity Between SARS-CoV-2 and Pathogenic Bacteria. PG - 821595 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.821595 [doi] LID - 821595 AB - Heterologous immunity, when the memory T cell response elicited by one pathogen recognizes another pathogen, has been offered as a contributing factor for the high variability in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity outcomes. Here we demonstrate that sensitization with bacterial peptides can induce heterologous immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) derived peptides and that vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can induce heterologous immunity to bacterial peptides. Using in silico prediction methods, we identified 6 bacterial peptides with sequence homology to either the spike protein or non-structural protein 3 (NSP3) of SARS-CoV-2. Notwithstanding the effects of bystander activation, in vitro co-cultures showed that all individuals tested (n=18) developed heterologous immunity to SARS-CoV-2 peptides when sensitized with the identified bacterial peptides. T cell recall responses measured included cytokine production (IFN-gamma, TNF, IL-2), activation (CD69) and proliferation (CellTrace). As an extension of the principle of heterologous immunity between bacterial pathogens and COVID-19, we tracked donor responses before and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and measured the cross-reactive T cell responses to bacterial peptides with similar sequence homology to the spike protein. We found that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could induce heterologous immunity to bacterial peptides. These findings provide a mechanism for heterologous T cell immunity between common bacterial pathogens and SARS-CoV-2, which may explain the high variance in COVID-19 outcomes from asymptomatic to severe. We also demonstrate proof-of-concept that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination can induce heterologous immunity to pathogenic bacteria derived peptides. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Eggenhuizen, Ng, Chang, Cheong, Yellapragada, Wong, Ting, Monk, Gan, Holdsworth and Ooi. FAU - Eggenhuizen, Peter J AU - Eggenhuizen PJ AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Ng, Boaz H AU - Ng BH AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Chang, Janet AU - Chang J AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Cheong, Rachel M Y AU - Cheong RMY AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Yellapragada, Anusha AU - Yellapragada A AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Wong, Wey Y AU - Wong WY AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Ting, Yi Tian AU - Ting YT AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Monk, Julie A AU - Monk JA AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Gan, Poh-Yi AU - Gan PY AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Immunology, Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Holdsworth, Stephen R AU - Holdsworth SR AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Immunology, Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Ooi, Joshua D AU - Ooi JD AD - Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220127 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Bacterial Infections/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Cells, Cultured MH - Coculture Techniques MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular/immunology MH - Immunity, Heterologous/*immunology MH - Male MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology PMC - PMC8829141 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccine OT - cross-reactivity OT - heterologous immunity OT - memory T cell OT - pathogenic bacteria COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/02/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/19 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/27 CRDT- 2022/02/14 05:30 PHST- 2021/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/14 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.821595 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Jan 27;13:821595. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.821595. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35139340 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220317 LR - 20260127 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 5 DP - 2022 Mar 3 TI - SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces immunological T cell memory able to cross-recognize variants from Alpha to Omicron. PG - 847-859.e11 LID - S0092-8674(22)00073-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.015 [doi] AB - We address whether T cell responses induced by different vaccine platforms (mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, and NVX-CoV2373) cross-recognize early SARS-CoV-2 variants. T cell responses to early variants were preserved across vaccine platforms. By contrast, significant overall decreases were observed for memory B cells and neutralizing antibodies. In subjects approximately 6 months post-vaccination, 90% (CD4(+)) and 87% (CD8(+)) of memory T cell responses were preserved against variants on average by AIM assay, and 84% (CD4(+)) and 85% (CD8(+)) preserved against Omicron. Omicron RBD memory B cell recognition was substantially reduced to 42% compared with other variants. T cell epitope repertoire analysis revealed a median of 11 and 10 spike epitopes recognized by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, with average preservation > 80% for Omicron. Functional preservation of the majority of T cell responses may play an important role as a second-level defense against diverse variants. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Tarke, Alison AU - Tarke A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa 16132, Italy. FAU - Coelho, Camila H AU - Coelho CH AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Zhang, Zeli AU - Zhang Z AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Dan, Jennifer M AU - Dan JM AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Yu, Esther Dawen AU - Yu ED AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Methot, Nils AU - Methot N AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Bloom, Nathaniel I AU - Bloom NI AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Goodwin, Benjamin AU - Goodwin B AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Phillips, Elizabeth AU - Phillips E AD - Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia. FAU - Mallal, Simon AU - Mallal S AD - Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia. FAU - Sidney, John AU - Sidney J AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Filaci, Gilberto AU - Filaci G AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa 16132, Italy; Biotherapy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa 16132, Italy. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - da Silva Antunes, Ricardo AU - da Silva Antunes R AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: shane@lji.org. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: agrifoni@lji.org. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: alex@lji.org. LA - eng GR - R25 AI147376/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93021C00016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00065/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI135193/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AI110527/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220124 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - JT2NS6183B (Ad26COVS1) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 2SCD8Q63PF (NVX-CoV2373 adjuvated lipid nanoparticle) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Ad26COVS1/administration & dosage/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine/administration & dosage/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism MH - COVID-19/pathology/prevention & control/virology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/*immunology MH - Epitopes/immunology MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Humans MH - Memory B Cells/*immunology/metabolism MH - Memory T Cells/*immunology/metabolism MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry/immunology MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8784649 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Delta OT - Omicron OT - SARS-COV-2 OT - T cells OT - VOC OT - VOI OT - epitopes COIS- Declaration of interests A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, Arcturus Therapeutics, ImmunoScape, CellCarta, Avalia, Moderna, Fortress, and Repertoire. S.C. has consulted for GSK, JP Morgan, Citi, Morgan Stanley, Avalia NZ, Nutcracker Therapeutics, University of California, California State Universities, United Airlines, and Roche. All the other authors declare no competing interests. L.J.I. has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. EDAT- 2022/02/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/24 CRDT- 2022/02/09 20:06 PHST- 2021/12/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/09 20:06 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(22)00073-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.015 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2022 Mar 3;185(5):847-859.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.015. Epub 2022 Jan 24. PMID- 35137144 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220815 LR - 20250728 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Print) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) VI - 226 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Aug 12 TI - Distinct Homologous and Variant-Specific Memory B-Cell and Antibody Response Over Time After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Messenger RNA Vaccination. PG - 23-31 LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiac042 [doi] AB - The durability of protective humoral immunity after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination and infection is largely dependent on the generation and persistence of antigen-specific isotype-switched memory B cells (MBCs) and long-lived plasma cells that reside in the bone marrow and secrete high-affinity neutralizing antibodies. The reactivity of vaccine-induced MBCs to emerging clinically significant SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) is largely unknown. In a longitudinal cohort study (up to 6 months following coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccination), we measured MBCs in concert with other functional antibody measures. We found statistically significant differences between the frequencies of MBCs responding to homologous and VoC (Beta, Gamma, and Delta) receptor-binding domains after vaccination that persisted over time. In concert with a waning antibody response, the reduced MBC response to VoCs could translate to a weaker subsequent recall immune response and increased susceptibility to the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant strains after vaccination. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Haralambieva, Iana H AU - Haralambieva IH AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Monroe, Jonathon M AU - Monroe JM AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Ovsyannikova, Inna G AU - Ovsyannikova IG AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Grill, Diane E AU - Grill DE AD - Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Poland, Gregory A AU - Poland GA AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Kennedy, Richard B AU - Kennedy RB AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 AI048793/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Antibody Formation MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - RNA, Messenger MH - *SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8903425 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - humoral immune responses OT - immunological memory OT - neutralizing OT - vaccine COIS- Potential conflicts of interest. This research has been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and was conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic conflict of interest policies. G. A. P. is the chair of a Safety Evaluation Committee for novel investigational vaccine trials being conducted by Merck Research Laboratories. G. A. P. offers consultative advice on vaccine development to Merck & Co, Avianax, Adjuvance, Valneva, Medicago, Sanofi Pasteur, GlaxoSmithKline, and Emergent Biosolutions. G. A. P. and I. G. O. hold 3 patents related to measles and vaccinia peptide research. G. A. P. and R. B. K. hold a patent on vaccinia peptide research. R. B. K. has received funding from Merck Research Laboratories to study waning immunity to measles and mumps after immunization with the MMR-II vaccine. G. A. P., R. B. K., and I. G. O. have received grant funding from ICW Ventures for preclinical studies on a peptide-based COVID-19 vaccine. All other authors report no potential conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/02/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/16 06:00 PMCR- 2023/03/03 CRDT- 2022/02/09 06:00 PHST- 2021/11/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/09 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6524526 [pii] AID - jiac042 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiac042 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 12;226(1):23-31. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac042. PMID- 35134333 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220315 LR - 20260127 IS - 1934-6069 (Electronic) IS - 1931-3128 (Print) IS - 1931-3128 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar 9 TI - Persistent B cell memory after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is functional during breakthrough infections. PG - 400-408.e4 LID - S1931-3128(22)00039-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chom.2022.01.003 [doi] AB - Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in fully vaccinated individuals are considered a consequence of waning immunity. Serum antibodies represent the most measurable outcome of vaccine-induced B cell memory. When antibodies decline, memory B cells are expected to persist and perform their function, preventing clinical disease. We investigated whether BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine induces durable and functional B cell memory in vivo against SARS-CoV-2 3, 6, and 9 months after the second dose in a cohort of health care workers (HCWs). While we observed physiological decline of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, memory B cells persist and increase until 9 months after immunization. HCWs with breakthrough infections had no signs of waning immunity. In 3-4 days, memory B cells responded to SARS-CoV-2 infection by producing high levels of specific antibodies in the serum and anti-Spike IgA in the saliva. Antibodies to the viral nucleoprotein were produced with the slow kinetics typical of the response to a novel antigen. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Terreri, Sara AU - Terreri S AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Vinci, Maria Rosaria AU - Vinci MR AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Russo, Cristina AU - Russo C AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Alteri, Claudia AU - Alteri C AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via festa del Perdono, 7, 20122 Milan, Italy. FAU - Albano, Christian AU - Albano C AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Colavita, Francesca AU - Colavita F AD - Laboratory of virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Gramigna, Giulia AU - Gramigna G AD - Laboratory of virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Agrati, Chiara AU - Agrati C AD - Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy. FAU - Linardos, Giulia AU - Linardos G AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Coltella, Luana AU - Coltella L AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Colagrossi, Luna AU - Colagrossi L AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Deriu, Gloria AU - Deriu G AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Ciofi Degli Atti, Marta AU - Ciofi Degli Atti M AD - Clinical Pathways and Epidemiology Function Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Rizzo, Caterina AU - Rizzo C AD - Clinical Pathways and Epidemiology Function Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Scarsella, Marco AU - Scarsella M AD - Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Research Centre, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Brugaletta, Rita AU - Brugaletta R AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Camisa, Vincenzo AU - Camisa V AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Santoro, Annapaola AU - Santoro A AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Roscilli, Giuseppe AU - Roscilli G AD - Takis s.r.l., Via di Castel Romano, 100, 00128 Rome, Italy. FAU - Pavoni, Emiliano AU - Pavoni E AD - Takis s.r.l., Via di Castel Romano, 100, 00128 Rome, Italy. FAU - Muzi, Alessia AU - Muzi A AD - Takis s.r.l., Via di Castel Romano, 100, 00128 Rome, Italy. FAU - Magnavita, Nicola AU - Magnavita N AD - Post-Graduate School of Occupational Health, Section of Occupational Medicine and Labor Law, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy. FAU - Scutari, Rossana AU - Scutari R AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Villani, Alberto AU - Villani A AD - Department of Emergency Medicine and General Pediatrics, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Raponi, Massimiliano AU - Raponi M AD - Medical Direction, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Locatelli, Franco AU - Locatelli F AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; Sapienza, University of Rome; Viale dell'Universita, 37, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Perno, Carlo Federico AU - Perno CF AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Zaffina, Salvatore AU - Zaffina S AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy; Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: rita.carsetti@opbg.net. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220125 PL - United States TA - Cell Host Microbe JT - Cell host & microbe JID - 101302316 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC8820949 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - breakthrough infections OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cells OT - mucosal immunity OT - salivary IgA OT - waning immunity COIS- Declaration of interests All authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/02/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/25 CRDT- 2022/02/08 20:15 PHST- 2021/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/08 20:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1931-3128(22)00039-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chom.2022.01.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Host Microbe. 2022 Mar 9;30(3):400-408.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.01.003. Epub 2022 Jan 25. PMID- 37076766 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20230419 IS - 1469-0756 (Electronic) IS - 0032-5473 (Linking) DP - 2022 Feb 7 TI - Development of anti-NXP2 dermatomyositis following Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccination. LID - postgradmedj-2022-141510 [pii] LID - 10.1136/postmj/postgradmedj-2022-141510 [doi] FAU - Lee, Adrian Y S AU - Lee AYS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5179-4803 AD - Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Institute for Clinical Pathology and Medical Research & NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, NSW, Australia. AD - Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Lee, Caroline AU - Lee C AD - Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Brown, David A AU - Brown DA AD - Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Department of Immunopathology, Institute for Clinical Pathology and Medical Research & NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, NSW, Australia. AD - Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Suan, Dan AU - Suan D AD - Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia. AD - Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220207 PL - England TA - Postgrad Med J JT - Postgraduate medical journal JID - 0234135 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - adult dermatology OT - immunology OT - neurology OT - rheumatology EDAT- 2022/02/07 00:00 MHDA- 2022/02/07 00:00 CRDT- 2023/04/19 23:32 PHST- 2022/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/19 23:32 [entrez] AID - 7130998 [pii] AID - 10.1136/postmj/postgradmedj-2022-141510 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Postgrad Med J. 2022 Feb 7:postgradmedj-2022-141510. doi: 10.1136/postmj/postgradmedj-2022-141510. PMID- 35113654 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220426 LR - 20260127 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 70 DP - 2022 Apr 22 TI - SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-neutralizing memory B cells are elicited by two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. PG - eabn8590 LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn8590 [doi] LID - eabn8590 AB - Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants have mutations in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) with potential to evade neutralizing antibody. In particular, the Beta and Omicron variants escape from antibody neutralizing activity in those who received two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Nonetheless, boosting with a third vaccine dose or by breakthrough infection improves the overall breadth of the neutralizing antibodies, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we longitudinally profiled the cellular composition of RBD-binding memory B cell subsets and their antibody binding and neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants after the second dose of mRNA vaccine. Two doses of the mRNA vaccine elicited plasma neutralizing antibodies with a limited activity against Beta and Omicron but induced an expanded antibody breadth overtime, up to 4.9 months after vaccination. In contrast, more than one-third of RBD-binding IgG(+) memory B cells with a resting phenotype initially bound the Beta and Omicron variants and steadily increased the B cell receptor breadth overtime. As a result, a fraction of the resting memory B cell subset secreted Beta and Omicron-neutralizing antibody when stimulated in vitro. The neutralizing breadth of the resting memory B cell subset helps us understand the prominent recall of Omicron-neutralizing antibodies after an additional booster or breakthrough infection in fully vaccinated individuals. FAU - Kotaki, Ryutaro AU - Kotaki R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7965-1671 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Adachi, Yu AU - Adachi Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8573-987X AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Moriyama, Saya AU - Moriyama S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2057-9198 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Onodera, Taishi AU - Onodera T AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Fukushi, Shuetsu AU - Fukushi S AD - Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Nagakura, Takaki AU - Nagakura T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1204-4815 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Tonouchi, Keisuke AU - Tonouchi K AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Terahara, Kazutaka AU - Terahara K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9876-4356 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Sun, Lin AU - Sun L AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Takano, Tomohiro AU - Takano T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4267-1147 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Nishiyama, Ayae AU - Nishiyama A AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Shinkai, Masaharu AU - Shinkai M AD - Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan. FAU - Oba, Kunihiro AU - Oba K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Showa General Hospital, Tokyo 187-8510, Japan. FAU - Nakamura-Uchiyama, Fukumi AU - Nakamura-Uchiyama F AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Tokyo 130-8575, Japan. FAU - Shimizu, Hidefumi AU - Shimizu H AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, JCHO Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Tokyo 162-0821, Japan. FAU - Suzuki, Tadaki AU - Suzuki T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3820-9542 AD - Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Matsumura, Takayuki AU - Matsumura T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1760-3484 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Isogawa, Masanori AU - Isogawa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8730-4303 AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. FAU - Takahashi, Yoshimasa AU - Takahashi Y AD - Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220422 PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Memory B Cells MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccines, Synthetic MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC8939773 EDAT- 2022/02/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/27 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/03 CRDT- 2022/02/03 17:15 PHST- 2022/02/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/03 17:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - abn8590 [pii] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn8590 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2022 Apr 22;7(70):eabn8590. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn8590. Epub 2022 Apr 22. PMID- 35112364 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220330 LR - 20260127 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Print) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 94 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May TI - Comparison of immune responses induced by two or three doses of an alum-adjuvanted inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in mice. PG - 2250-2258 LID - 10.1002/jmv.27637 [doi] AB - Waning antibodies and rapidly emerging variants are challenges for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine development. Adjusting existing immunization schedules and further boosting strategies are under consideration. Here, the immune responses induced by an alum-adjuvanted inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in mice were compared among immunization schedules with two or three doses. For the two-dose schedule, a 0-28-day schedule induced 5-fold stronger spike-specific IgG responses than a 0-14-day schedule, with only a slight elevation of spike-specific cellular immunity 14 days after the last immunization. A third homologous boost 2 or 5 months after the second dose for the 0-28-day schedule slightly strengthened humoral responses (1.3-fold for the 0-1-3-month schedule, and 1.8-fold for the 0-1-6-month schedule) 14 days after the last immunization. Additionally, a third homologous boost (especially with the 0-1-3-month schedule) induced significantly stronger cell-mediated immunity than both two-dose immunization schedules for all indexes tested, with a response similar to that induced by a one-dose heterologous boost with BNT162b2 in clinical trials, according to cellular immunity analysis (1.5-fold). These T cell responses were Th2 oriented, with good CD4+ and CD8+ memory. These results may offer clues for applying a homologous boosting strategy for alum-adjuvanted inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. CI - (c) 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Luan, Ning AU - Luan N AD - Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Wang, Yunfei AU - Wang Y AD - Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Cao, Han AU - Cao H AD - Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Lin, Kangyang AU - Lin K AD - Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, China. FAU - Liu, Cunbao AU - Liu C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2101-2612 AD - Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, China. LA - eng GR - Funds for High-level Scientific and Technological Talents Selection Special Project of Yunnan Province/ GR - Basic Research Projects of Yunnan Province/ GR - Funds for the Training of High-Level Health Technical Personnel in Yunnan Province/ GR - National Key R&D Program of China/ GR - China Health and Longevity Innovation/ GR - Special Biomedicine Projects of Yunnan Province/ GR - Major Science and Technology Special Projects of Yunnan Province/ GR - CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220208 PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 RN - 0 (Alum Compounds) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 34S289N54E (aluminum sulfate) SB - IM MH - Alum Compounds MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Mice MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC9015325 OTO - NOTNLM OT - alum-adjuvanted inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine OT - boost OT - cellular immunity OT - humoral response OT - immunization schedule OT - memory COIS- The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/02/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/31 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/08 CRDT- 2022/02/03 05:38 PHST- 2022/01/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/31 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/03 05:38 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JMV27637 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jmv.27637 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2022 May;94(5):2250-2258. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27637. Epub 2022 Feb 8. PMID- 35104869 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220908 LR - 20250728 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Print) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) VI - 226 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Sep 4 TI - Antibody Course and Memory B-Cell Response in the First Year After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection. PG - 664-672 LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiac034 [doi] LID - jiac034 AB - BACKGROUND: The possibility of repeat infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) raises questions regarding quality and longevity of the virus-induced immune response. METHODS: The antibody course and memory B-cell (MBC) response against SARS-CoV-2 proteins, influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP), and tetanus toxin were examined in adults with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first year after infection. RESULTS: The concentration of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific antibodies was low compared with the concentration of influenza virus NP-specific antibodies. The SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibody half-life increased from 95 days in the first 6 months to 781 days after 9-12 months. The SARS-CoV-2 NP antibody half-life increased from 88 to 248 days. Two thirds of the subjects had SARS-CoV-2-specific MBC responses 12 months after infection. The SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels correlated with the MBC frequency at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The low concentration of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies indicates that re-exposure to the virus or vaccination are required to use the B-cell immunity to full capacity. The existence of a robust SARS-CoV-2 MBC response at 12 months in most subjects and the substantially increasing antibody half-life provide evidence that the immune response is developing into long-term immunity. The early antibody reaction and the ensuing MBC response are interdependent. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Kannenberg, Judith AU - Kannenberg J AD - Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Trawinski, Henning AU - Trawinski H AD - Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Henschler, Reinhard AU - Henschler R AD - Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Buhmann, Raymund AU - Buhmann R AD - Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Honemann, Mario AU - Honemann M AD - Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Jassoy, Christian AU - Jassoy C AD - Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC8903334 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody course OT - antibody half-life OT - memory B-cells EDAT- 2022/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/01 CRDT- 2022/02/01 20:12 PHST- 2021/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/01 20:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6519382 [pii] AID - jiac034 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiac034 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Dis. 2022 Sep 4;226(4):664-672. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac034. PMID- 35095267 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240829 IS - 1172-0360 (Print) IS - 1179-1977 (Electronic) IS - 1172-0360 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 2 DP - 2022 TI - Adverse drug reactions from two COVID-19 vaccines reported in Saudi Arabia. PG - 84-92 LID - 10.1007/s40267-022-00893-y [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Several reports have been published about the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines on human health, and each vaccine has a different safety and efficacy profile. The aim of this study was to reveal the nature and classification of reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of the two COVID-19 vaccines (tozinameran and ChAdOx1) among citizens and residents living in Saudi Arabia, and show possible differences between the two vaccines and the differences between each batch on the health of populations. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia between December 2020 and March 2021. Saudi citizens and residents aged >/= 16 years who had at least one dose of any batch of either of the two approved COVID-19 vaccines (tozinameran and ChAdOx1) and who reported at least one ADR from the vaccines were included. The study excluded people who reported ADRs after receiving tozinameran or ChAdOx1 vaccines but no information was provided about the vaccine's batch number. RESULTS: During the study period, 12,868 vaccinated people, including a high-risk group (i.e., those with chronic illness or pregnant women), reported COVID-19 vaccine ADRs that had been documented in the General Directorate of Medical Consultations, Saudi Ministry of Health. The study reported several ADRs associated with COVID-19 vaccines, with the most common (> 25%) being fever/chills, general pain/weakness, headache, and injection site reactions. Among healthy and high-risk people, the median onset of all reported ADRs for tozinameran and ChAdOx1 vaccine batches were 1.96 and 1.64 days, respectively (p < 0.01). Furthermore, significant differences (p < 0.05) were recorded between the two studied vaccines in regard to fever/chills, gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, general pain/weakness, and neurological symptoms, with higher incidence rates of these ADRs observed with the ChAdOx1 vaccine than the tozinameran vaccine. However, the tozinameran vaccine was found to cause significantly (p < 0.05) more palpitation, blood pressure variations, upper respiratory tract symptoms, lymph node swelling, and other unspecified ADRs than the ChAdOx1 vaccine. Among patients vaccinated with seven different batches of the tozinameran vaccine, people vaccinated with the T4 and T5 batches reported the most ADRs. CONCLUSION: There were significant differences regarding most of the reported ADRs and their onset among tozinameran and ChAdOx1 vaccines on both healthy people and high-risk individuals living in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the study found that the frequencies of most listed ADRs were statistically different when seven batches of tozinameran vaccine were compared. CI - (c) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022. FAU - Alfaleh, Amjad AU - Alfaleh A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4375-8834 AD - Department of Research, General Directorate of Medical Consultations, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 AD - Research and Development Department, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 FAU - Alkattan, Abdullah AU - Alkattan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5294-8088 AD - Department of Research, General Directorate of Medical Consultations, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 AD - Research and Development Department, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 FAU - Radwan, Nashwa AU - Radwan N AD - Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. GRID: grid.412258.8. ISNI: 0000 0000 9477 7793 AD - Department of Research, Assisting Deputyship for Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 FAU - Elzohri, Mona AU - Elzohri M AD - Department of Research, General Directorate of Medical Consultations, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt. GRID: grid.252487.e. ISNI: 0000 0000 8632 679X FAU - Alzaher, Abrar AU - Alzaher A AD - Research and Development Department, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 FAU - Ibrahim, Mona AU - Ibrahim M AD - Research and Development Department, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 AD - Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. GRID: grid.31451.32. ISNI: 0000 0001 2158 2757 FAU - Alsalameen, Eman AU - Alsalameen E AD - Department of Pharmacy, King Khalid University Hospital, Medical City King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.56302.32. ISNI: 0000 0004 1773 5396 FAU - Alsultan, Amani AU - Alsultan A AD - Department of Sales, Sanofi Aventis Arabia, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alhabib, Dina AU - Alhabib D AD - Research and Development Department, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 FAU - Alshelwah, Alanood AU - Alshelwah A AD - Research and Development Department, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 FAU - Mahmoud, Nagla AU - Mahmoud N AD - Department of Research, Assisting Deputyship for Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 FAU - Sagor, Khlood AU - Sagor K AD - Research and Development Department, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 FAU - Alabdulkareem, Khaled AU - Alabdulkareem K AD - Department of Research, Assisting Deputyship for Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.415696.9. ISNI: 0000 0004 0573 9824 AD - Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220122 PL - New Zealand TA - Drugs Ther Perspect JT - Drugs & therapy perspectives : for rational drug selection and use JID - 9308798 PMC - PMC8783585 COIS- Competing interestsAmjad Alfaleh, Abdullah Alkattan, Nashwa Radwan, Mona Elzohri, Abrar Alzaher, Mona Ibrahim, Eman Alsalameen, Amani Alsultan, Dina Alhabib, Alanood Alshelwah, Nagla Mahmoud, Khlood Sagor, and Khaled Alabdulkareem have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript, including employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties. EDAT- 2022/02/01 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/01 06:01 PMCR- 2022/01/22 CRDT- 2022/01/31 05:54 PHST- 2022/01/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/01 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/31 05:54 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 893 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40267-022-00893-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Drugs Ther Perspect. 2022;38(2):84-92. doi: 10.1007/s40267-022-00893-y. Epub 2022 Jan 22. PMID- 35090598 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220218 LR - 20220218 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 38 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Feb 8 TI - Maintenance of broad neutralizing antibodies and memory B cells 1 year post-infection is predicted by SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell responses. PG - 110345 LID - S2211-1247(22)00061-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110345 [doi] AB - Understanding the long-term maintenance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity is critical for predicting protection against reinfection. In an age- and gender-matched cohort of 24 participants, the association of disease severity and early immune responses on the maintenance of humoral immunity 12 months post-infection is examined. All severely affected participants maintain a stable subset of SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B cells (MBCs) and good neutralizing antibody breadth against the majority of the variants of concern, including the Delta variant. Modeling these immune responses against vaccine efficacy data indicate a 45%-76% protection against symptomatic infection (variant dependent). Overall, these findings indicate durable humoral responses in most participants after infection, reasonable protection against reinfection, and implicate baseline antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses as a predictor of maintenance of antibody neutralization breadth and RBD-specific MBC levels at 12 months post-infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Balachandran, Harikrishnan AU - Balachandran H AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Phetsouphanh, Chansavath AU - Phetsouphanh C AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Agapiou, David AU - Agapiou D AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Adhikari, Anurag AU - Adhikari A AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Infection and Immunology, Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal. FAU - Rodrigo, Chaturaka AU - Rodrigo C AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Hammoud, Mohamed AU - Hammoud M AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Shrestha, Lok Bahadur AU - Shrestha LB AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Keoshkerian, Elizabeth AU - Keoshkerian E AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Gupta, Money AU - Gupta M AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Turville, Stuart AU - Turville S AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Christ, Daniel AU - Christ D AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - King, Cecile AU - King C AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Sasson, Sarah C AU - Sasson SC AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bartlett, Adam AU - Bartlett A AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, NSW, Australia. FAU - Grubor-Bauk, Branka AU - Grubor-Bauk B AD - Viral Immunology Group, The University of Adelaide & Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Rawlinson, William AU - Rawlinson W AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Serology and Virology Division, Department of Microbiology, New South Wales Health Pathology, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Aggarwal, Anupriya AU - Aggarwal A AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Stella, Alberto Ospina AU - Stella AO AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Klemm, Vera AU - Klemm V AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Mina, Michael M AU - Mina MM AD - Northern Beaches Hospital, Frenchs Forest, NSW, Australia. FAU - Post, Jeffrey J AU - Post JJ AD - Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Hudson, Bernard AU - Hudson B AD - Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Gilroy, Nicky AU - Gilroy N AD - Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Konecny, Pam AU - Konecny P AD - St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Ahlenstiel, Golo AU - Ahlenstiel G AD - Blacktown Mt Druitt Hospital, Blacktown, NSW, Australia; Blacktown Clinical School, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Mount Druitt, NSW, Australia. FAU - Dwyer, Dominic E AU - Dwyer DE AD - New South Wales Health Pathology - Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Sorrell, Tania C AU - Sorrell TC AD - University of Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases and Faculty of Medicine and Health, Westmead, NSW, Australia. FAU - Kelleher, Anthony AU - Kelleher A AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Tedla, Nicodemus AU - Tedla N AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Lloyd, Andrew R AU - Lloyd AR AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Martinello, Marianne AU - Martinello M AD - The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bull, Rowena A AU - Bull RA AD - School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: r.bull@unsw.edu.au. CN - COSIN Study Group LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220119 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Australia MH - Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies/*metabolism MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism MH - COVID-19/immunology MH - Cohort Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity/immunology MH - Immunity, Humoral/immunology MH - Male MH - Memory B Cells/immunology/*metabolism MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology/pathogenicity MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC8768427 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - Delta variant OT - RBD-specific memory B cells longevity OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OX40 CD4 T cell assay OT - SARS-CoV-2 antibody duration OT - SARS-CoV-2 neutralization OT - protection efficacy prediction OT - variants of concern COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/01/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/19 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/19 CRDT- 2022/01/29 05:31 PHST- 2021/09/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/29 05:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(22)00061-4 [pii] AID - 110345 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110345 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2022 Feb 8;38(6):110345. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110345. Epub 2022 Jan 19. PMID- 35090164 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220415 LR - 20261002 IS - 1476-4687 (Electronic) IS - 0028-0836 (Print) IS - 0028-0836 (Linking) VI - 603 IP - 7903 DP - 2022 Mar TI - Memory B cell repertoire from triple vaccinees against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants. PG - 919-925 LID - 10.1038/s41586-022-04466-x [doi] AB - Omicron (B.1.1.529), the most heavily mutated SARS-CoV-2 variant so far, is highly resistant to neutralizing antibodies, raising concerns about the effectiveness of antibody therapies and vaccines(1,2). Here we examined whether sera from individuals who received two or three doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could neutralize authentic Omicron. The seroconversion rates of neutralizing antibodies were 3.3% (2 out of 60) and 95% (57 out of 60) for individuals who had received 2 and 3 doses of vaccine, respectively. For recipients of three vaccine doses, the geometric mean neutralization antibody titre for Omicron was 16.5-fold lower than for the ancestral virus (254). We isolated 323 human monoclonal antibodies derived from memory B cells in triple vaccinees, half of which recognized the receptor-binding domain, and showed that a subset (24 out of 163) potently neutralized all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, including Omicron. Therapeutic treatments with representative broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies were highly protective against infection of mice with SARS-CoV-2 Beta (B.1.351) and Omicron. Atomic structures of the Omicron spike protein in complex with three classes of antibodies that were active against all five variants of concern defined the binding and neutralizing determinants and revealed a key antibody escape site, G446S, that confers greater resistance to a class of antibodies that bind on the right shoulder of the receptor-binding domain by altering local conformation at the binding interface. Our results rationalize the use of three-dose immunization regimens and suggest that the fundamental epitopes revealed by these broadly ultrapotent antibodies are rational targets for a universal sarbecovirus vaccine. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Wang, Kang AU - Wang K AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Jia, Zijing AU - Jia Z AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Bao, Linilin AU - Bao L AD - Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Lei AU - Wang L AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Cao, Lei AU - Cao L AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Chi, Hang AU - Chi H AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology AMMS, Beijing, China. FAU - Hu, Yaling AU - Hu Y AD - Sinovac Biotech, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Qianqian AU - Li Q AD - Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China. FAU - Zhou, Yunjiao AU - Zhou Y AD - Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Jiang, Yinan AU - Jiang Y AD - Acrobiosystems, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhu, Qianhui AU - Zhu Q AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Deng, Yongqiang AU - Deng Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2306-1039 AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology AMMS, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Pan AU - Liu P AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Nan AU - Wang N AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Lin AU - Wang L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2571-4320 AD - Sinovac Biotech, Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Min AU - Liu M AD - Sinovac Biotech, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Yurong AU - Li Y AD - Sinovac Biotech, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhu, Boling AU - Zhu B AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Fan, Kaiyue AU - Fan K AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Fu, Wangjun AU - Fu W AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Peng AU - Yang P AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Pei, Xinran AU - Pei X AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Cui, Zhen AU - Cui Z AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Qin, Lili AU - Qin L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0700-0180 AD - Acrobiosystems, Beijing, China. FAU - Ge, Pingju AU - Ge P AD - Acrobiosystems, Beijing, China. FAU - Wu, Jiajing AU - Wu J AD - Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China. FAU - Liu, Shuo AU - Liu S AD - Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China. FAU - Chen, Yiding AU - Chen Y AD - Acrobiosystems, Beijing, China. FAU - Huang, Weijin AU - Huang W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4246-8889 AD - Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Qiao AU - Wang Q AD - Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. wangqiao@fudan.edu.cn. FAU - Qin, Cheng-Feng AU - Qin CF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0632-2807 AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology AMMS, Beijing, China. qincf@bmi.ac.cn. FAU - Wang, Youchun AU - Wang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9769-5141 AD - Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China. wangyc@nifdc.org.cn. FAU - Qin, Chuan AU - Qin C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6261-1232 AD - Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. qinchuan@pumc.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Xiangxi AU - Wang X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0635-278X AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. xiangxi@ibp.ac.cn. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. xiangxi@ibp.ac.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220128 PL - England TA - Nature JT - Nature JID - 0410462 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM CIN - Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022 Apr 5;7(1):115. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-00973-5. PMID: 35383164 MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology/isolation & purification/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/isolation & purification/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology/isolation & purification/therapeutic use MH - *COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Humans MH - *Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Mice MH - Neutralization Tests MH - *SARS-CoV-2/classification/genetics/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC8967717 COIS- Y.H., Lin Wang and M.L. are employees of Sinovac Biotech Ltd. Y.J., P.G. and Y.C. are employees of Acrobiosystems Inc. The other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/01/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/28 CRDT- 2022/01/28 20:04 PHST- 2021/12/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/28 20:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41586-022-04466-x [pii] AID - 4466 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41586-022-04466-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nature. 2022 Mar;603(7903):919-925. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04466-x. Epub 2022 Jan 28. PMID- 35068637 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250530 IS - 0191-8869 (Print) IS - 0191-8869 (Electronic) IS - 0191-8869 (Linking) VI - 189 DP - 2022 Apr TI - Believing in nothing and believing in everything: The underlying cognitive paradox of anti-COVID-19 vaccine attitudes. PG - 111522 LID - 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111522 [doi] AB - A major reason why some people oppose the COVID-19 vaccine is the influence of misinformation. This study suggests that the cognitive paradox of simultaneously believing known facts less and new, "alternative facts" more is the outcome of a distrust mindset, characterized by spontaneous consideration of alternatives, including misinformation. We captured this paradox and its correlates in a scale that measures individuals' ability to distinguish between the truth value of well-established facts ("Earth rotates eastward around its own axis, completing a full rotation once in about 24 h") and baseless "alternative facts" ("Earth can change its rotation direction and flip its axis, and we will never notice it"). Assuming that an anti-COVID-19 vaccine attitude arises from a chronically distrusting mindset, we sampled participants on Prolific who were pre-screened for their COVID-19 vaccine attitude based on earlier responses. We found that people who rejected COVID-19 vaccines believed well-established facts less, and "alternative facts" more, compared to supporters of the vaccine. Less discernment between truths and falsehoods was correlated with less intellectual humility, more distrust and greater reliance on one's intuition. This observed thought pattern offers insights into theoretical understanding of the antecedents of belief in "alternative facts" and conspiracy theories. CI - (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Newman, Devora AU - Newman D AD - Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190501, Israel. FAU - Lewandowsky, Stephan AU - Lewandowsky S AD - School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK. AD - School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia. FAU - Mayo, Ruth AU - Mayo R AD - Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190501, Israel. LA - eng GR - 101020961/ERC_/European Research Council/International PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220117 PL - England TA - Pers Individ Dif JT - Personality and individual differences JID - 8006972 PMC - PMC8761558 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Alternative facts OT - COVID-19 OT - Distrust OT - Shared reality OT - Vaccine opposition COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/01/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/25 06:01 PMCR- 2022/01/17 CRDT- 2022/01/24 08:46 PHST- 2021/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/24 08:46 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/25 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0191-8869(22)00025-3 [pii] AID - 111522 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111522 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pers Individ Dif. 2022 Apr;189:111522. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111522. Epub 2022 Jan 17. PMID- 35068258 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220405 LR - 20220405 IS - 1758-1125 (Electronic) IS - 0268-3555 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Apr TI - Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia with atypical vein thrombosis: Implications for clinical practice. PG - 180-187 LID - 10.1177/02683555211068948 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a new and rare syndrome resulting from the largest vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2 in the history of mankind. The aim of this review is to clarify underlying mechanisms, pathology, diagnosis, and therapy, with the related clinical implications. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive literature review in order to collect the clinical and treatment data about patients suffering from VITT. PubMed, Ovid Medline, Ovid EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science were screened regarding patients who developed VITT. Last search was launched on June 30(th) 2021. RESULTS: Abdominal and/or neurological symptoms develop between 5 and 20 days after vaccine administration and do not involve the lower extremities. VITT is suspected if the platelet count is lower than 100.000/mm(3) and D-dimer is higher than the age-adjusted range. Medical treatment is mainly based on intravenous immunoglobulins, corticosteroids, and anticoagulant drugs with a short plasma half-life, but the complete avoidance of low molecular weight heparin is recommended. Endovascular treatment and/or decompressive craniectomy might be an option in a minority of cases. CONCLUSION: Due to widespread vaccination concerns, the vascular specialist and phlebologist are increasingly consulted to prevent or diagnose VITT. The latter has peculiar and completely different localizations, symptoms, and treatment compared to the common pictures of venous thrombosis. FAU - Zamboni, Paolo AU - Zamboni P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7107-888X AD - Hub Center for Venous and Lymphatic Diseases Regione Emilia-Romagna, Sant'Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. AD - Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, 9299University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Scerrati, Alba AU - Scerrati A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8607-5323 AD - Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, 9299University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Sant' Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy. FAU - Sessa, Francesco AU - Sessa F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0357-8791 AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 18567University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FAU - Pomara, Cristoforo AU - Pomara C AD - Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", 9298University of Catania, Catania, Italy. FAU - Mannucci, Pier Mannuccio AU - Mannucci PM AD - Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, 9339IRCCS Ca' Granda Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220123 PL - England TA - Phlebology JT - Phlebology JID - 9012921 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Thrombocytopenia MH - *Thrombosis MH - *Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Venous Thrombosis/etiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ad.26. COV2.S OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia OT - Vaxzevria OT - cerebral venous sinus thrombosis OT - splanchnic vein thrombosis EDAT- 2022/01/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/06 06:00 CRDT- 2022/01/24 08:45 PHST- 2022/01/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/24 08:45 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02683555211068948 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Phlebology. 2022 Apr;37(3):180-187. doi: 10.1177/02683555211068948. Epub 2022 Jan 23. PMID- 35062869 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220125 LR - 20220531 IS - 1129-2377 (Electronic) IS - 1129-2369 (Print) IS - 1129-2369 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan 21 TI - Prolonged migraine aura resembling ischemic stroke following CoronaVac vaccination: an extended case series. PG - 13 LID - 10.1186/s10194-022-01385-0 [doi] LID - 13 AB - BACKGROUND: After the initiation of the COVID-19 vaccination program in Thailand, thousands of patients have experienced unusual focal neurological symptoms. We report 8 patients with focal neurological symptoms after receiving inactivated virus vaccine, CoronaVac. CASE SERIES: Patients were aged 24-48 years and 75% were female. Acute onset of focal neurological symptoms occurred within the first 24 h after vaccination in 75% and between 1-7d in 25%. All presented with lateralized sensory deficits, motor deficits, or both, of 2-14 day duration. Migraine headache occurred in half of the patients. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain during and after the attacks did not demonstrate any abnormalities suggesting ischemic stroke. All patients showed moderately large regions of hypoperfusion and concurrent smaller regions of hyperperfusion on SPECT imaging while symptomatic. None developed permanent deficits or structural brain injury. DISCUSSIONS: Here, we present a case series of transient focal neurological syndrome following Coronavac vaccination. The characteristic sensory symptoms, history of migraine, female predominant, and abnormal functional brain imaging without structural changes suggest migraine aura as pathophysiology. We propose that pain related to vaccine injection, component of vaccine, such as aluminum, or inflammation related to vaccination might trigger migraine aura in susceptible patients. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Suwanwela, Nijasri C AU - Suwanwela NC AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. nijasri.C@chula.ac.th. AD - Chula Neuroscience Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. nijasri.C@chula.ac.th. AD - Chulalongkorn Stroke Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. nijasri.C@chula.ac.th. FAU - Kijpaisalratana, Naruchorn AU - Kijpaisalratana N AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. AD - Chula Neuroscience Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Division of Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Tepmongkol, Supatporn AU - Tepmongkol S AD - Chula Neuroscience Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. AD - Chulalongkorn University Biomedical Imaging Group (CUBIG), Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Rattanawong, Wanakorn AU - Rattanawong W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7277-9699 AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. wanakorn.ra@kmitl.ac.th. AD - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand. wanakorn.ra@kmitl.ac.th. FAU - Vorasayan, Pongpat AU - Vorasayan P AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. AD - Chulalongkorn Stroke Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Charnnarong, Chutibhorn AU - Charnnarong C AD - Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Tantivattana, Jarturon AU - Tantivattana J AD - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Roongruang, Sirigunya AU - Roongruang S AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. AD - Golden Jubilee Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Ongphichetmetha, Tatchaporn AU - Ongphichetmetha T AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. FAU - Panjasriprakarn, Poonnakarn AU - Panjasriprakarn P AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. FAU - Chutinet, Aurauma AU - Chutinet A AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. AD - Chulalongkorn Stroke Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Akarathanawat, Wasan AU - Akarathanawat W AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. AD - Chulalongkorn Stroke Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Saver, Jeffrey L AU - Saver JL AD - Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220121 PL - England TA - J Headache Pain JT - The journal of headache and pain JID - 100940562 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - *Brain Ischemia/diagnostic imaging/etiology MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Epilepsy MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Ischemic Stroke MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Migraine Disorders MH - *Migraine with Aura MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Stroke/diagnostic imaging/etiology MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8777408 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - CoronaVac vaccine OT - Cortical spreading depression OT - Neurological deficit OT - Sinovac COIS- All authors declare no conflict of interest in this study. EDAT- 2022/01/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/27 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/21 CRDT- 2022/01/22 05:31 PHST- 2021/12/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/22 05:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s10194-022-01385-0 [pii] AID - 1385 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s10194-022-01385-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Headache Pain. 2022 Jan 21;23(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s10194-022-01385-0. PMID- 35059799 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220301 LR - 20260127 IS - 1437-160X (Electronic) IS - 0172-8172 (Print) IS - 0172-8172 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar TI - Interferon-gamma release assays outcomes in healthy subjects following BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. PG - 449-456 LID - 10.1007/s00296-022-05091-7 [doi] AB - The pathogenesis of COVID-19 involves both humoral and cellular immunological responses, with cell-mediated immunity being discussed as the primary and most effective immune response to viral infection. It is supposed that COVID-19 vaccines also elicited effective cell immune response, and specifically IFNgamma secreted by SARS-CoV-2-specific T-helper 1 and Tcytotoxic cells. Using an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) test, we aimed to monitor cellular post-vaccination immunity in healthy subjects vaccinated with BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Comirnaty). We tested 37 healthcare workers (mean age 54.3 years, range 28-72, 22 females, 15 males) following COVID-19 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and 15 healthy unvaccinated native persons as control subjects using QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 RUO test, performed approximately 1 month after vaccination. We also measured virus-neutralizing antibodies. Thirty-one out of 37 tested subjects had significantly raised levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific IFNgamma against SARS-CoV-2 Ag1 and Ag2 1 month following COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, we found a significant difference between the IFNgamma levels in fully vaccinated subjects and the control group (p < 0.01).We also found a substantial correlation (r = 0.9; p < 0.01) between virus-neutralizing antibodies titers and IFNgamma concentrations released by T cells. We believe that IGRA tests are an excellent tool to assess the development of a post-vaccination immune response when immunized against SARS-CoV-2. However, IGRA-based tests should be performed within a few weeks following vaccination. Therefore, we can speculate that the application of these tests to assess long-term immune response is debatable. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Kurteva, Ekaterina AU - Kurteva E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1968-5962 AD - Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Unversity Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Akad. Ivan Geshov Blvd 15, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. FAU - Vasilev, Georgi AU - Vasilev G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6314-6889 AD - Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Unversity Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Akad. Ivan Geshov Blvd 15, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. FAU - Tumangelova-Yuzeir, Kalina AU - Tumangelova-Yuzeir K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6143-7538 AD - Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Unversity Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Akad. Ivan Geshov Blvd 15, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. FAU - Ivanova, Irena AU - Ivanova I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2369-0182 AD - Clinical Laboratory, "St. Ivan Rilski", Akad. Ivan Geshov Blvd 15, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. FAU - Ivanova-Todorova, Ekaterina AU - Ivanova-Todorova E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1833-838X AD - Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Unversity Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Akad. Ivan Geshov Blvd 15, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. FAU - Velikova, Tsvetelina AU - Velikova T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0593-1272 AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Lozenetz, Kozyak str., 1407, Sofia, Bulgaria. tsvelikova@medfac.mu-sofia.bg. AD - Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria. tsvelikova@medfac.mu-sofia.bg. FAU - Kyurkchiev, Dobroslav AU - Kyurkchiev D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8257-7764 AD - Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Unversity Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Akad. Ivan Geshov Blvd 15, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220120 PL - Germany TA - Rheumatol Int JT - Rheumatology international JID - 8206885 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *BNT162 Vaccine MH - COVID-19/immunology/*prevention & control MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral/*immunology MH - Immunogenicity, Vaccine/*immunology MH - Interferon-gamma Release Tests MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology PMC - PMC8775149 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 vaccine OT - COVID-19 OT - Cellular immune response OT - Immune memory OT - Interferon-gamma OT - Interferon-gamma release assay OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cytotoxic cells OT - T helper cells OT - mRNA COVID-19 vaccine EDAT- 2022/01/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/03 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/20 CRDT- 2022/01/21 06:31 PHST- 2021/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/21 06:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00296-022-05091-7 [pii] AID - 5091 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00296-022-05091-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rheumatol Int. 2022 Mar;42(3):449-456. doi: 10.1007/s00296-022-05091-7. Epub 2022 Jan 20. PMID- 35050428 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220315 LR - 20220722 IS - 1590-3478 (Electronic) IS - 1590-1874 (Print) IS - 1590-1874 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Apr TI - SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related neurological complications. PG - 2295-2297 LID - 10.1007/s10072-022-05898-z [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To describe three cases with neurological symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. METHODS: A case series followed by a review of the literature, describing hypotheses on how neurological symptoms might develop after vaccination. RESULTS: The different temporal relationship between the onset or worsening of different neurological symptoms suggests different pathophysiological mechanisms. Progression of post-infectious myoclonus, caused by a previous SARS-CoV-2-infection, shortly after vaccination suggests a renewed auto-immune mediated crossreaction of antibodies to both viral epitopes and central nervous system components. Thunderclap headache after vaccination suggests a similar pathophysiological mechanism to the headache and other flu-like symptoms described after vaccination against other viruses. This might be ascribed to the activation of immunoinflammatory mediators or accompanying fever. Although headache accompanied by encephalopathy and focal neurological deficit might occur as part of a cytokine release syndrome, this is clinically less likely. CONCLUSIONS: A variety of symptoms, including thunderclap headache, focal deficits and movement disorders, can occur after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and an activation or reactivation of the immune system is suggested as most likely cause. However, one should be careful about claiming a direct correlation. It remains important to exclude other causes, such as structural lesions, infections or subarachnoid hemorrhage, and future research is required to understand possible pathophysiological mechanisms and associations with the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. CI - (c) 2022. Fondazione Societa Italiana di Neurologia. FAU - Oonk, Nicol G M AU - Oonk NGM AD - Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. n.oonk@mst.nl. FAU - Ettema, Anne Rozemarijn AU - Ettema AR AD - Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. FAU - van Berghem, Heleen AU - van Berghem H AD - Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. FAU - de Klerk, Jabke J AU - de Klerk JJ AD - TriviumMeulenbeltZorg, Borne, the Netherlands. FAU - van der Vegt, Joyce P M AU - van der Vegt JPM AD - Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. FAU - van der Meulen, Matthijs AU - van der Meulen M AD - Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220120 PL - Italy TA - Neurol Sci JT - Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology JID - 100959175 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/complications/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/adverse effects MH - *Viral Vaccines PMC - PMC8771172 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Myoclonus OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Thunderclap headache OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/01/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/20 CRDT- 2022/01/20 12:36 PHST- 2021/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/20 12:36 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10072-022-05898-z [pii] AID - 5898 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10072-022-05898-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Sci. 2022 Apr;43(4):2295-2297. doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-05898-z. Epub 2022 Jan 20. PMID- 35034236 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220315 LR - 20231102 IS - 1590-3478 (Electronic) IS - 1590-1874 (Print) IS - 1590-1874 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Apr TI - Neurological toll of COVID-19. PG - 2171-2186 LID - 10.1007/s10072-022-05875-6 [doi] AB - The first case of coronavirus illness was discovered in Wuhan, China, in January 2020 and quickly spread worldwide within the next couple of months. The condition was initially only linked with respiratory disorders. After the evolution of various variants of the SARS-CoV-2, the critical impact of the virus spread to multiple organs and soon, neurological disorder manifestations started to appear in the infected patients. The review is focused on the manifestation of various neurological disorders linked with both the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Disorders such as cytokine release syndrome, encephalitis, acute stroke, and Bell's palsy are given specific attention and psychological manifestations are also investigated. For a clear conclusion, cognitive impairment, drug addiction disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder are all fully examined. The association of the SARS-CoV-2 with neurological disorders and pathway is yet to be clear. For better understanding, the explanation of the possible mechanism of viral infection influencing the nervous system is also attempted in the review. While several vaccines and drugs are already involved in treating the SARS-CoV-2 condition, the disease is still considered fatal and more likely to leave permanent neurological damage, which leads to an essential requirement for more research to explore the neurological toll of the COVID-19 disease. CI - (c) 2022. Fondazione Societa Italiana di Neurologia. FAU - Bhola, Shivam AU - Bhola S AD - Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. FAU - Trisal, Jhillika AU - Trisal J AD - Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. FAU - Thakur, Vikram AU - Thakur V AD - Department of Virology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Pin-160012, India. FAU - Kaur, Parneet AU - Kaur P AD - Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. FAU - Kulshrestha, Saurabh AU - Kulshrestha S AD - Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. FAU - Bhatia, Shashi Kant AU - Bhatia SK AD - Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kumar, Pradeep AU - Kumar P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1563-8360 AD - Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. pradeep.kumar@shooliniuniversity.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220116 PL - Italy TA - Neurol Sci JT - Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology JID - 100959175 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Central Nervous System MH - Humans MH - *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology/etiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Stroke PMC - PMC8761097 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain OT - COVID-19 OT - Coronavirus OT - Neurological disorder OT - Neurological manifestation COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/01/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/16 CRDT- 2022/01/16 21:16 PHST- 2021/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/16 21:16 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10072-022-05875-6 [pii] AID - 5875 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10072-022-05875-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Sci. 2022 Apr;43(4):2171-2186. doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-05875-6. Epub 2022 Jan 16. PMID- 35031581 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220124 LR - 20220124 IS - 2573-7732 (Electronic) IS - 2573-7732 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan 14 TI - Memory Gaps in America: Mutational and Immunoinformatic Analysis of Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Interest. PG - 1-7 LID - 10.4049/immunohorizons.2100096 [doi] AB - The perpetuation of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has permitted the continued evolution of mutations, many of which appear to promote infectivity, transmission, and immune evasion. Critically, several derivative lineages defined as variants of concern (VOCs) and variants of interest (VOIs) have emerged in the last year that possess a constellation of highly adaptive mutations that have resulted in unprecedented propagation. To better understand the significance of these mutations, we analyzed their molecular and immunological consequences against the immunogenetic profile of the United States population using immunoinformatics to analyze in silico data. Our findings indicate that several evolving mutations in the VOCs and VOIs appear to confer immune evasion properties leading to antigenic drift, specifically for Ab-mediated and Th cell-mediated immune recognition, whereas mutations leading to evasion from innate immune mechanisms are less common in the more successful VOC strains compared with the VOIs. Importantly, several of these mutations raise concerns for the effectiveness of anamnestic responses achieved through natural infection and vaccination as well as for the utility of Ab-based therapeutic interventions. The emergence of such adaptations underscores the need for vaccine enhancements as well as the continued need to for preventative hygiene measures to help minimize transmission. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. FAU - Shakran, Dina A AU - Shakran DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2974-7074 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, California Health Sciences University, Clovis, CA; and. FAU - Mikbel, Deena M AU - Mikbel DM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5846-1553 AD - University of California, Davis, Davis, CA. FAU - Vilela, Mario F AU - Vilela MF AD - University of California, Davis, Davis, CA. FAU - Benoit, Lora A AU - Benoit LA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2131-213X AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, California Health Sciences University, Clovis, CA; and lora_benoit@yahoo.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220114 PL - England TA - Immunohorizons JT - ImmunoHorizons JID - 101708159 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immune Evasion/*immunology MH - Immunity, Innate/immunology MH - Immunogenetic Phenomena/*physiology MH - Mutation/*immunology MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - United States MH - Vaccination/methods EDAT- 2022/01/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/27 06:00 CRDT- 2022/01/15 05:43 PHST- 2021/11/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/15 05:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/27 06:00 [medline] AID - immunohorizons.2100096 [pii] AID - 10.4049/immunohorizons.2100096 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Immunohorizons. 2022 Jan 14;6(1):1-7. doi: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2100096. PMID- 35025789 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220203 LR - 20230925 IS - 1536-0229 (Electronic) IS - 0363-9762 (Print) IS - 0363-9762 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar 1 TI - Alterations in 18F-FDG PET/MRI and 15O-Water PET Brain Findings in Patients With Neurological Symptoms After COVID-19 Vaccination: A Pilot Study. PG - e230-e239 LID - 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004041 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate functional abnormalities in the brain of patients with neurological adverse effects following COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) vaccination using 18F-FDG PET/MRI and 15O-water PET. METHODS: Eight patients (1 man and 7 women, aged 26-47 years [median age, 36.5 years]) who experienced neurological symptoms after the first COVID-19 vaccination underwent CT, MRI, 18F-FDG PET/MRI, and 15O-water PET of the brain. After 7 days, each patient underwent a follow-up 18F-FDG PET/MRI and 15O-water PET of the brain. Imaging data were analyzed using visual and semiquantitative analyses, which included a cluster subtraction workflow (P = 0.05). RESULTS: There was no evidence of vascular abnormalities, acute infarction, or hemorrhage on the CT or MRI scans. On the 15O-water PET images, 1 patient had mildly significant decreases in perfusion in the bilateral thalamus and bilateral cerebellum, and another patient showed a diffuse increase in perfusion in the cerebral white matter. The visual and semiquantitative analyses showed hypometabolism in the bilateral parietal lobes in all 8 patients on both the first and follow-up 18F-FDG PET/MRI scans. Metabolic changes in the bilateral cuneus were also observed during the first visit; all patients exhibited neurological symptoms. Moreover, 6 patients showed hypometabolism, and 2 patients showed hypermetabolism. CONCLUSION: All regions of metabolic abnormality were part of the fear network model that has been implicated in anxiety. Our study findings support the concepts of and provide evidence for the immunization stress-related response and the biopsychosocial model. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Siripongsatian, Dheeratama AU - Siripongsatian D AD - From the National Cyclotron and PET Centre. FAU - Kunawudhi, Anchisa AU - Kunawudhi A AD - From the National Cyclotron and PET Centre. FAU - Promteangtrong, Chetsadaporn AU - Promteangtrong C AD - From the National Cyclotron and PET Centre. FAU - Kiatkittikul, Peerapon AU - Kiatkittikul P AD - From the National Cyclotron and PET Centre. FAU - Jantarato, Attapon AU - Jantarato A AD - From the National Cyclotron and PET Centre. FAU - Choolam, Arthita AU - Choolam A AD - Department of Medicine, Chulabhorn Hospital. FAU - Ponglikitmongkol, Krongkamol AU - Ponglikitmongkol K AD - Department of Medicine, Chulabhorn Hospital. FAU - Siripongboonsitti, Taweegrit AU - Siripongboonsitti T AD - Department of Medicine, Chulabhorn Hospital. FAU - Kaeowirun, Tharathorn AU - Kaeowirun T AD - Department of Radiology, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Royal Thai Air Force, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Chotipanich, Chanisa AU - Chotipanich C AD - From the National Cyclotron and PET Centre. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Clin Nucl Med JT - Clinical nuclear medicine JID - 7611109 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Oxygen Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Oxygen-15) RN - 059QF0KO0R (Water) RN - 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18) SB - IM CIN - Clin Nucl Med. 2022 Oct 1;47(10):e671. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004227. PMID: 35439207 MH - Adult MH - Brain/diagnostic imaging MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Female MH - *Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 MH - Humans MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Male MH - Oxygen Radioisotopes MH - Pilot Projects MH - Positron-Emission Tomography MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Water PMC - PMC8820745 COIS- Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared. EDAT- 2022/01/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/04 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/13 CRDT- 2022/01/13 17:24 PHST- 2022/01/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/13 17:24 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00003072-202203000-00031 [pii] AID - CNM_210564 [pii] AID - 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004041 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Nucl Med. 2022 Mar 1;47(3):e230-e239. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004041. PMID- 35013199 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220124 LR - 20231105 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan 10 TI - Cross-reactive memory T cells associate with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in COVID-19 contacts. PG - 80 LID - 10.1038/s41467-021-27674-x [doi] LID - 80 AB - Cross-reactive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 have been observed in pre-pandemic cohorts and proposed to contribute to host protection. Here we assess 52 COVID-19 household contacts to capture immune responses at the earliest timepoints after SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Using a dual cytokine FLISpot assay on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we enumerate the frequency of T cells specific for spike, nucleocapsid, membrane, envelope and ORF1 SARS-CoV-2 epitopes that cross-react with human endemic coronaviruses. We observe higher frequencies of cross-reactive (p = 0.0139), and nucleocapsid-specific (p = 0.0355) IL-2-secreting memory T cells in contacts who remained PCR-negative despite exposure (n = 26), when compared with those who convert to PCR-positive (n = 26); no significant difference in the frequency of responses to spike is observed, hinting at a limited protective function of spike-cross-reactive T cells. Our results are thus consistent with pre-existing non-spike cross-reactive memory T cells protecting SARS-CoV-2-naive contacts from infection, thereby supporting the inclusion of non-spike antigens in second-generation vaccines. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Kundu, Rhia AU - Kundu R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3970-5860 AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. r.kundu@imperial.ac.uk. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. r.kundu@imperial.ac.uk. FAU - Narean, Janakan Sam AU - Narean JS AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Wang, Lulu AU - Wang L AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Fenn, Joseph AU - Fenn J AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Pillay, Timesh AU - Pillay T AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Fernandez, Nieves Derqui AU - Fernandez ND AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2407-3362 AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Conibear, Emily AU - Conibear E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3445-6992 AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Koycheva, Aleksandra AU - Koycheva A AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Davies, Megan AU - Davies M AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Tolosa-Wright, Mica AU - Tolosa-Wright M AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Hakki, Seran AU - Hakki S AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Varro, Robert AU - Varro R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5526-225X AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - McDermott, Eimear AU - McDermott E AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Hammett, Sarah AU - Hammett S AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Cutajar, Jessica AU - Cutajar J AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Thwaites, Ryan S AU - Thwaites RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3052-2793 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Parker, Eleanor AU - Parker E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9898-8568 AD - Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Rosadas, Carolina AU - Rosadas C AD - Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - McClure, Myra AU - McClure M AD - Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Tedder, Richard AU - Tedder R AD - Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Taylor, Graham P AU - Taylor GP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3773-2390 AD - Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, England. FAU - Dunning, Jake AU - Dunning J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4035-4562 AD - National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, England. AD - NIHR HPRU in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, London, England. FAU - Lalvani, Ajit AU - Lalvani A AD - NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, England. AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England. LA - eng GR - NIHR 200927/DH | National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)/ GR - MR/R021643/1/RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220110 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Viral Proteins) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM CIN - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Mar 29;119(13):e2203753119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2203753119. PMID: 35316141 MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - COVID-19/epidemiology/*immunology/virology MH - Contact Tracing/*methods MH - Coronavirus/immunology/physiology MH - Cross Reactions/*immunology MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Memory T Cells/*immunology/metabolism/virology MH - Middle Aged MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics/*immunology/physiology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics/immunology/metabolism MH - Viral Proteins/genetics/immunology/metabolism MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8748880 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/01/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/27 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/10 CRDT- 2022/01/11 06:31 PHST- 2021/08/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/11 06:31 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-021-27674-x [pii] AID - 27674 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-021-27674-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2022 Jan 10;13(1):80. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27674-x. PMID- 35011627 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220124 LR - 20220124 IS - 2073-4409 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4409 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Dec 27 TI - Elucidating T Cell and B Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Humans: Gaining Insights into Protective Immunity and Immunopathology. LID - 10.3390/cells11010067 [doi] LID - 67 AB - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is an unprecedented epochal event on at least two fronts. Firstly, in terms of the rapid spread and the magnitude of the outbreak, and secondly, on account of the equally swift response of the scientific community that has galvanized itself into action and has successfully developed, tested and deployed highly effective and novel vaccines in record time to combat the virus. The sophistication and diversification of the scientific toolbox we now have at our disposal has enabled us to interrogate both the breadth and the depth of the immune response to a degree that is unparalleled in recent memory. In terms of our understanding of what is critical to contain the virus and mitigate the effects the pandemic, neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 garner most of the attention, however, it is essential to recognize that it is the quality and the fitness of the virus-specific T cell and B cell response that lays the foundation and the backdrop for an effective neutralizing antibody response. In this report, we will review some of the key findings that have helped define and delineate some of the essential attributes of T and B cell responses in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection. FAU - Khanolkar, Aaruni AU - Khanolkar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4442-8194 AD - Department of Pathology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 82, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. AD - Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20211227 PL - Switzerland TA - Cells JT - Cells JID - 101600052 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology/virology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/virology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/virology MH - COVID-19/epidemiology/*immunology/virology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology/physiology PMC - PMC8750814 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - immunological memory OT - immunopathology COIS- The author declares no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/01/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/27 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/27 CRDT- 2022/01/11 01:15 PHST- 2021/10/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/12/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/11 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cells11010067 [pii] AID - cells-11-00067 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cells11010067 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cells. 2021 Dec 27;11(1):67. doi: 10.3390/cells11010067. PMID- 35004816 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220307 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2021 TI - Boosting Vaccine-Elicited Respiratory Mucosal and Systemic COVID-19 Immunity in Mice With the Oral Lactobacillus plantarum. PG - 789242 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2021.789242 [doi] LID - 789242 AB - Boosting and prolonging SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-elicited immunity is paramount for containing the COVID-19 pandemic, which wanes substantially within months after vaccination. Here we demonstrate that the unique strain of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE (LPG) could promote SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses in both effective and memory phases through enhancing interferon signaling and suppressing apoptotic and inflammatory pathways. Interestingly, oral LPG administration promoted SARS-CoV-2 neutralization antibodies even 6 months after immunization. Furthermore, when LPG was given immediately after SARS-CoV-2 vaccine inoculation, specific neutralization antibodies could be boosted >8-fold in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and >2-fold in sera, T-cell responses were persistent and stable for a prolonged period both in BAL and the spleen. Transcriptional analyses showed that oral application of LPG mobilized immune responses in the mucosal and systemic compartments; in particular, gut-spleen and gut-lung immune axes were observed. These results suggest that LPG could be applied in combination with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to boost and prolong both the effective and memory immune responses in mucosal and systemic compartments, thereby improving the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Xu, Ren, Cao, Li, Yang, Luo, Zhu, Wang, Ding, Liang, Jin, Yuan, Li and Xu. FAU - Xu, Jianqing AU - Xu J AD - Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. AD - Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ren, Zhihong AU - Ren Z AD - Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. AD - State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Cao, Kangli AU - Cao K AD - Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Xianping AU - Li X AD - State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Jing AU - Yang J AD - State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Luo, Xuelian AU - Luo X AD - State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhu, Lingyan AU - Zhu L AD - Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Xiangwei AU - Wang X AD - Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Ding, Longfei AU - Ding L AD - Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Liang, Junrong AU - Liang J AD - State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Jin, Dong AU - Jin D AD - State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Yuan, Tingting AU - Yuan T AD - Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Lianfeng AU - Li L AD - Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Xu, Jianguo AU - Xu J AD - State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - Institute of Public Health, Nankai University, Tianjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211222 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 CIN - Front Nutr. 2022 Feb 18;9:846379. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.846379. PMID: 35252314 PMC - PMC8733898 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Lactobacillus plantarum OT - accquired immunity OT - adjuvant OT - gut-lung axis OT - memory immunity OT - probiotics OT - vaccine COIS- JGX, JQX, ZHR, and KLC filed patent describing the invention and use of the probiotic described in the manuscript. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/01/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/11 06:01 PMCR- 2021/12/22 CRDT- 2022/01/10 09:26 PHST- 2021/10/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/10 09:26 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/11 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2021.789242 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2021 Dec 22;8:789242. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.789242. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34994081 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220309 LR - 20240824 IS - 1757-4684 (Electronic) IS - 1757-4676 (Print) IS - 1757-4676 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar 7 TI - Decreased memory B cell frequencies in COVID-19 delta variant vaccine breakthrough infection. PG - e15227 LID - 10.15252/emmm.202115227 [doi] LID - e15227 AB - The SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) variant is capable of infecting vaccinated persons. An open question remains as to whether deficiencies in specific vaccine-elicited immune responses result in susceptibility to vaccine breakthrough infection. We investigated 55 vaccine breakthrough infection cases (mostly Delta) in Singapore, comparing them against 86 vaccinated close contacts who did not contract infection. Vaccine breakthrough cases showed lower memory B cell frequencies against SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD). Compared to plasma antibodies, antibodies secreted by memory B cells retained a higher fraction of neutralizing properties against the Delta variant. Inflammatory cytokines including IL-1beta and TNF were lower in vaccine breakthrough infections than primary infection of similar disease severity, underscoring the usefulness of vaccination in preventing inflammation. This report highlights the importance of memory B cells against vaccine breakthrough and suggests that lower memory B cell levels may be a correlate of risk for Delta vaccine breakthrough infection. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license. FAU - Tay, Matthew Zirui AU - Tay MZ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1763-913X AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Rouers, Angeline AU - Rouers A AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Fong, Siew-Wai AU - Fong SW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5326-489X AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Goh, Yun Shan AU - Goh YS AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Chan, Yi-Hao AU - Chan YH AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Chang, Zi Wei AU - Chang ZW AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Xu, Weili AU - Xu W AD - Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Tan, Chee Wah AU - Tan CW AD - Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Chia, Wan Ni AU - Chia WN AD - Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Torres-Ruesta, Anthony AU - Torres-Ruesta A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0447-3131 AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Amrun, Siti Naqiah AU - Amrun SN AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Huang, Yuling AU - Huang Y AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Hor, Pei Xiang AU - Hor PX AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Loh, Chiew Yee AU - Loh CY AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Yeo, Nicholas Kim-Wah AU - Yeo NK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8294-1474 AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Wang, Bei AU - Wang B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3112-7341 AD - Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Ngoh, Eve Zi Xian AU - Ngoh EZX AD - Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Salleh, Siti Nazihah Mohd AU - Salleh SNM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6110-7472 AD - Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Chavatte, Jean-Marc AU - Chavatte JM AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Lim, Alicia Jieling AU - Lim AJ AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian AU - Maurer-Stroh S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0813-9640 AD - Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Wang, Lin-Fa AU - Wang LF AD - Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Lin, Raymond Valentine Tzer Pin AU - Lin RVTP AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Wang, Cheng-I AU - Wang CI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9170-2996 AD - Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Tan, Seow-Yen AU - Tan SY AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Changi General Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Young, Barnaby Edward AU - Young BE AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Leo, Yee-Sin AU - Leo YS AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Lye, David C AU - Lye DC AD - National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Renia, Laurent AU - Renia L AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore City, Singapore. FAU - Ng, Lisa Fp AU - Ng LF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4071-5222 AD - A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore. AD - National Institute of Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. LA - eng GR - A*STAR|Biomedical Research Council (BMRC)/ GR - ACCL/19-GAP064-R20H-H/Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)/ GR - COVID19RF-0008/MOH|National Medical Research Council (NMRC)/ GR - COVID19RF-060/MOH|National Medical Research Council (NMRC)/ GR - COVID19RF-001/MOH|National Medical Research Council (NMRC)/ GR - NRF2017_SISFP09/National Research Foundation Singapore (NRF)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220121 PL - Germany TA - EMBO Mol Med JT - EMBO molecular medicine JID - 101487380 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8899913 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - correlate of risk OT - delta OT - memory B cells OT - vaccine breakthrough COIS- A patent application for the SFB assay has been filed (Singapore patent #10202009679P: A Method Of Detecting Antibodies And Related Products) by Y.S.G, L.R., and L.F.P.N. The authors declare no other competing interests. EDAT- 2022/01/08 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/11 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/07 CRDT- 2022/01/07 06:57 PHST- 2021/12/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/07 06:57 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EMMM202115227 [pii] AID - 10.15252/emmm.202115227 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EMBO Mol Med. 2022 Mar 7;14(3):e15227. doi: 10.15252/emmm.202115227. Epub 2022 Jan 21. PMID- 34987077 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220926 LR - 20221013 IS - 1469-0756 (Electronic) IS - 0032-5473 (Linking) VI - 98 IP - 1164 DP - 2022 Oct TI - Ramsay Hunt syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination. PG - 738-739 LID - 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-141022 [doi] FAU - Woo, Chariene Jane AU - Woo CJ AD - Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. FAU - Chou, Oscar Hou In AU - Chou OHI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7058-4708 AD - Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. FAU - Cheung, Bernard Man Yung AU - Cheung BMY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9106-7363 AD - Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China mycheung@hku.hk. AD - State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. AD - Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220105 PL - England TA - Postgrad Med J JT - Postgraduate medical journal JID - 0234135 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Herpes Zoster Oticus/diagnosis/drug therapy/etiology MH - Humans MH - Vaccination/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - adverse events OT - clinical pharmacology OT - motor neurone disease OT - neurology COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. No funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript. OHIC was supported by the University of Hong Kong Summer Research Programme. EDAT- 2022/01/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/28 06:00 CRDT- 2022/01/06 05:43 PHST- 2021/08/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/06 05:43 [entrez] AID - postgradmedj-2021-141022 [pii] AID - 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-141022 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Postgrad Med J. 2022 Oct;98(1164):738-739. doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-141022. Epub 2022 Jan 5. PMID- 34986327 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220124 LR - 20260127 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 38 IP - 2 DP - 2022 Jan 11 TI - Cellular and humoral functional responses after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination differ longitudinally between naive and subjects recovered from COVID-19. PG - 110235 LID - S2211-1247(21)01744-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110235 [doi] AB - We have analyzed BNT162b2 vaccine-induced immune responses in naive subjects and individuals recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), both soon after (14 days) and later after (almost 8 months) vaccination. Plasma spike (S)-specific immunoglobulins peak after one vaccine shot in individuals recovered from COVID-19, while a second dose is needed in naive subjects, although the latter group shows reduced levels all along the analyzed period. Despite how the neutralization capacity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mirrors this behavior early after vaccination, both groups show comparable neutralizing antibodies and S-specific B cell levels late post-vaccination. When studying cellular responses, naive individuals exhibit higher SARS-CoV-2-specific cytokine production, CD4(+) T cell activation, and proliferation than do individuals recovered from COVID-19, with patent inverse correlations between humoral and cellular variables early post-vaccination. However, almost 8 months post-vaccination, SARS-CoV-2-specific responses are comparable between both groups. Our data indicate that a previous history of COVID-19 differentially determines the functional T and B cell-mediated responses to BNT162b2 vaccination over time. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lozano-Rodriguez, Roberto AU - Lozano-Rodriguez R AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Valentin-Quiroga, Jaime AU - Valentin-Quiroga J AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Avendano-Ortiz, Jose AU - Avendano-Ortiz J AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martin-Quiros, Alejandro AU - Martin-Quiros A AD - Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Pascual-Iglesias, Alejandro AU - Pascual-Iglesias A AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Terron-Arcos, Veronica AU - Terron-Arcos V AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Montalban-Hernandez, Karla AU - Montalban-Hernandez K AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Casalvilla-Duenas, Jose Carlos AU - Casalvilla-Duenas JC AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Bergon-Gutierrez, Marta AU - Bergon-Gutierrez M AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Alcami, Jose AU - Alcami J AD - AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Perez, Javier AU - Garcia-Perez J AD - AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Cascajero, Almudena AU - Cascajero A AD - AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Garrido, Miguel Angel AU - Garcia-Garrido MA AD - Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Balzo-Castillo, Alvaro Del AU - Balzo-Castillo AD AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Peinado, Maria AU - Peinado M AD - Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gomez, Laura AU - Gomez L AD - Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Llorente-Fernandez, Irene AU - Llorente-Fernandez I AD - Intensive Care Unit, Infanta Cristina University Hospital, Parla, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martin-Miguel, Gema AU - Martin-Miguel G AD - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Herrero-Benito, Carmen AU - Herrero-Benito C AD - Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Benito, Jose Miguel AU - Benito JM AD - HIV and Viral Hepatitis Research Laboratory, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Mostoles, Spain. FAU - Rallon, Norma AU - Rallon N AD - HIV and Viral Hepatitis Research Laboratory, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Mostoles, Spain. FAU - Vela-Olmo, Carmen AU - Vela-Olmo C AD - Eurofins-Ingenasa, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Morejon, Lissette AU - Lopez-Morejon L AD - Eurofins-Ingenasa, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Cubillos-Zapata, Carolina AU - Cubillos-Zapata C AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Aguirre, Luis A AU - Aguirre LA AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Fresno, Carlos Del AU - Fresno CD AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: carlos.delfresno.sanchez@idipaz.es. FAU - Lopez-Collazo, Eduardo AU - Lopez-Collazo E AD - The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: elopezc@salud.madrid.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211221 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology/virology MH - BNT162 Vaccine/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/virology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Chlorocebus aethiops MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular/*immunology MH - Immunity, Humoral/*immunology MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology/virology MH - Lymphocyte Activation/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Vaccination/methods MH - Vaccines, Synthetic/*immunology MH - Vero Cells MH - mRNA Vaccines/*immunology PMC - PMC8687760 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 vaccine OT - COVID-19-recovered OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antigen-specific T cell OT - cellular responses OT - cytokine production OT - humoral responses OT - memory B cell OT - proliferation OT - spike COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/01/06 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/27 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/21 CRDT- 2022/01/05 20:06 PHST- 2021/06/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/12/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/05 20:06 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(21)01744-7 [pii] AID - 110235 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110235 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2022 Jan 11;38(2):110235. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110235. Epub 2021 Dec 21. PMID- 34967260 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220107 LR - 20240910 IS - 2150-5608 (Electronic) IS - 2150-5594 (Print) IS - 2150-5594 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec TI - ABO blood group is involved in the quality of the specific immune response anti-SARS-CoV-2. PG - 30-45 LID - 10.1080/21505594.2021.2019959 [doi] AB - Since December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread throughout the world. To eradicate it, it is crucial to acquire a strong and long-lasting anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity, by either natural infection or vaccination. We collected blood samples 12-305 days after positive polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) from 35 recovered individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with SARS-CoV-2-derived peptide pools, such as the spike (S), nucleocapsid (N) and membrane (M) proteins, and we quantified anti-S immunoglobulins in plasma. After 10 months post-infection, we observed a sustained SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T-cell response directed against M-protein, but responses against S- or N-proteins were lost over time. Besides, we demonstrated that O-group individuals presented significantly lower frequencies of specific CD4+ T-cell responses against Pep-M than non O-group individuals. The non O-group subjects also needed longer to clear the virus, and they lost cellular immune responses over time, compared to the O-group individuals, who showed a persistent specific immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the S-specific immune response was lost over time, and individual factors might determine the sustainability of the body's defenses, which must be considered in the future design of vaccines to achieve continuous anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity. FAU - Gil-Manso, Sergio AU - Gil-Manso S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2480-3628 AD - Laboratory of Immune- Gregorio Maranon Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Miguens Blanco, Iria AU - Miguens Blanco I AD - Department of Emergency, Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Motyka, Bruce AU - Motyka B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8448-2777 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Transplant Institute and Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Halpin, Anne AU - Halpin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7475-9245 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Transplant Institute and Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. AD - Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Lopez-Esteban, Rocio AU - Lopez-Esteban R AD - Laboratory of Immune- Gregorio Maranon Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Perez-Fernandez, Veronica Astrid AU - Perez-Fernandez VA AD - Laboratory of Immune- Gregorio Maranon Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Carbonell, Diego AU - Carbonell D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2960-0301 AD - Laboratory of Immune- Gregorio Maranon Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Hematology, Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Fernandez, Luis Andres AU - Lopez-Fernandez LA AD - Service of Pharmacy, Gregorio Maranon Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Spanish Clinical Research Network (SCReN), Madrid, Spain. FAU - West, Lori AU - West L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1990-3651 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Transplant Institute and Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. AD - Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Surgery, and Laboratory Medicine & Pathology; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Correa-Rocha, Rafael AU - Correa-Rocha R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3456-9986 AD - Laboratory of Immune- Gregorio Maranon Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Pion, Marjorie AU - Pion M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1828-4745 AD - Laboratory of Immune- Gregorio Maranon Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng GR - L60 MD003727/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Virulence JT - Virulence JID - 101531386 RN - 0 (ABO Blood-Group System) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - *ABO Blood-Group System MH - COVID-19/*blood MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear MH - *Memory T Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC9794011 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ABO group OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - humoral immune response OT - individual factors OT - memory T-cell response COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2021/12/31 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/08 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/30 CRDT- 2021/12/30 08:38 PHST- 2021/12/30 08:38 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2019959 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21505594.2021.2019959 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Virulence. 2022 Dec;13(1):30-45. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.2019959. PMID- 34965929 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220106 LR - 20240820 IS - 1756-1833 (Electronic) IS - 0959-8138 (Print) IS - 0959-8138 (Linking) VI - 375 DP - 2021 Dec 29 TI - GP consultation rates for sequelae after acute covid-19 in patients managed in the community or hospital in the UK: population based study. PG - e065834 LID - 10.1136/bmj-2021-065834 [doi] LID - e065834 AB - OBJECTIVES: To describe the rates for consulting a general practitioner (GP) for sequelae after acute covid-19 in patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 and those managed in the community, and to determine how the rates change over time for patients in the community and after vaccination for covid-19. DESIGN: Population based study. SETTING: 1392 general practices in England contributing to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum database. PARTICIPANTS: 456 002 patients with a diagnosis of covid-19 between 1 August 2020 and 14 February 2021 (44.7% men; median age 61 years), admitted to hospital within two weeks of diagnosis or managed in the community, and followed-up for a maximum of 9.2 months. A negative control group included individuals without covid-19 (n=38 511) and patients with influenza before the pandemic (n=21 803). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of rates for consulting a GP for new symptoms, diseases, prescriptions, and healthcare use in individuals admitted to hospital and those managed in the community, separately, before and after covid-19 infection, using Cox regression and negative binomial regression for healthcare use. The analysis was repeated for the negative control and influenza cohorts. In individuals in the community, outcomes were also described over time after a diagnosis of covid-19, and compared before and after vaccination for individuals who were symptomatic after covid-19 infection, using negative binomial regression. RESULTS: Relative to the negative control and influenza cohorts, patients in the community (n=437 943) had significantly higher GP consultation rates for multiple sequelae, and the most common were loss of smell or taste, or both (adjusted hazard ratio 5.28, 95% confidence interval 3.89 to 7.17, P<0.001); venous thromboembolism (3.35, 2.87 to 3.91, P<0.001); lung fibrosis (2.41, 1.37 to 4.25, P=0.002), and muscle pain (1.89, 1.63 to 2.20, P<0.001); and also for healthcare use after a diagnosis of covid-19 compared with 12 months before infection. For absolute proportions, the most common outcomes >/=4 weeks after a covid-19 diagnosis in patients in the community were joint pain (2.5%), anxiety (1.2%), and prescriptions for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (1.2%). Patients admitted to hospital (n=18 059) also had significantly higher GP consultation rates for multiple sequelae, most commonly for venous thromboembolism (16.21, 11.28 to 23.31, P<0.001), nausea (4.64, 2.24 to 9.21, P<0.001), prescriptions for paracetamol (3.68, 2.86 to 4.74, P<0.001), renal failure (3.42, 2.67 to 4.38, P<0.001), and healthcare use after a covid-19 diagnosis compared with 12 months before infection. For absolute proportions, the most common outcomes >/=4 weeks after a covid-19 diagnosis in patients admitted to hospital were venous thromboembolism (3.5%), joint pain (2.7%), and breathlessness (2.8%). In patients in the community, anxiety and depression, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, general pain, nausea, chest tightness, and tinnitus persisted throughout follow-up. GP consultation rates were reduced for all symptoms, prescriptions, and healthcare use, except for neuropathic pain, cognitive impairment, strong opiates, and paracetamol use in patients in the community after the first vaccination dose for covid-19 relative to before vaccination. GP consultation rates were also reduced for ischaemic heart disease, asthma, and gastro-oesophageal disease. CONCLUSIONS: GP consultation rates for sequelae after acute covid-19 infection differed between patients with covid-19 who were admitted to hospital and those managed in the community. For individuals in the community, rates of some sequelae decreased over time but those for others, such as anxiety and depression, persisted. Rates of some outcomes decreased after vaccination in this group. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Whittaker, Hannah R AU - Whittaker HR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7705-0300 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. FAU - Gulea, Claudia AU - Gulea C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9607-5901 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. FAU - Koteci, Ardita AU - Koteci A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6074-7099 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. FAU - Kallis, Constantinos AU - Kallis C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0866-5421 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. FAU - Morgan, Ann D AU - Morgan AD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4794-0860 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. FAU - Iwundu, Chukwuma AU - Iwundu C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3066-1999 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. FAU - Weeks, Mark AU - Weeks M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6576-8809 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. FAU - Gupta, Rikisha AU - Gupta R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9784-416X AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. AD - NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. FAU - Quint, Jennifer K AU - Quint JK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0149-4869 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK j.quint@imperial.ac.uk. AD - NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211229 PL - England TA - BMJ JT - BMJ (Clinical research ed.) JID - 8900488 SB - IM CIN - BMJ. 2021 Dec 29;375:n3080. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n3080. PMID: 34965928 MH - COVID-19/*complications/epidemiology MH - *Community Health Services MH - Female MH - *General Practitioners MH - *Hospitalization MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Office Visits/*statistics & numerical data MH - Pandemics MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - State Medicine MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology MH - Venous Thromboembolism/*diagnosis/etiology PMC - PMC8715128 COIS- Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/disclosure-of-interest/ and declare: support from BREATHE for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2021/12/31 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/07 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/29 CRDT- 2021/12/30 05:26 PHST- 2021/12/30 05:26 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmj-2021-065834.R2 [pii] AID - whih065834 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmj-2021-065834 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ. 2021 Dec 29;375:e065834. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-065834. PMID- 34960249 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231108 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 12 DP - 2021 Dec 20 TI - mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines and Long-Lived Plasma Cells: A Complicated Relationship. LID - 10.3390/vaccines9121503 [doi] LID - 1503 AB - mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have hegemonized the world market, and their administration to the population promises to stop the pandemic. However, the waning of the humoral immune response, which does not seem to last so many months after the completion of the vaccination program, has led us to study the molecular immunological mechanisms of waning immunity in the case of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. We consulted the published scientific literature and from the few articles we found, we were convinced that there is an immunological memory problem after vaccination. Although mRNA vaccines have been demonstrated to induce antigen-specific memory B cells (MBCs) in the human population, there is no evidence that these vaccines induce the production of long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs), in a SARS-CoV-2 virus naive population. This obstacle, in our point of view, is caused by the presence, in almost all subjects, of a cellular T and B cross-reactive memory produced during past exposures to the common cold coronaviruses. Due to this interference, it is difficult for a vaccination with the Spike protein alone, without adjuvants capable of prolonging the late phase of the generation of the immunological memory, to be able to determine the production of protective LLPCs. This would explain the possibility of previously and completely vaccinated subjects to become infected, already 4-6 months after the completion of the vaccination cycle. FAU - Giannotta, Girolamo AU - Giannotta G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9766-3326 AD - Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Vibo Valentia, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy. FAU - Giannotta, Nicola AU - Giannotta N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1701-7696 AD - Medical and Surgery Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20211220 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC8703557 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines OT - immune memory after COVID-19 disease OT - immune memory after COVID-19 vaccination OT - long-lived plasma cells after mRNA COVID-19 vaccines COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/12/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/29 06:01 PMCR- 2021/12/20 CRDT- 2021/12/28 01:06 PHST- 2021/10/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/12/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/28 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/29 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines9121503 [pii] AID - vaccines-09-01503 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines9121503 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Dec 20;9(12):1503. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9121503. PMID- 34951387 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220525 LR - 20231103 IS - 1875-6190 (Electronic) IS - 1570-159X (Print) IS - 1570-159X (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 6 DP - 2022 TI - Biomedical Perspectives of Acute and Chronic Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of COVID-19. PG - 1229-1240 LID - 10.2174/1570159X20666211223130228 [doi] AB - The incidence of infections from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has dramatically escalated following the initial outbreak in China, in late 2019, resulting in a global pandemic with millions of deaths. Although the majority of infected patients survive, and the rapid advent and deployment of vaccines have afforded increased immunity against SARS-CoV-2, long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection have become increasingly recognized. These include, but are not limited to, chronic pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disorders, and proinflammatory-associated neurological dysfunction that may lead to psychological and neurocognitive impairment. A major component of cognitive dysfunction is operationally categorized as "brain fog" which comprises difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, confusion, depression, and fatigue. Multiple parameters associated with long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been detailed in clinical studies. Empirically elucidated mechanisms associated with the neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19 are by nature complex, but broad-based working models have focused on mitochondrial dysregulation, leading to systemic reductions of metabolic activity and cellular bioenergetics within the CNS structures. Multiple factors underlying the expression of brain fog may facilitate future pathogenic insults, leading to repetitive cycles of viral and bacterial propagation. Interestingly, diverse neurocognitive sequelae associated with COVID-19 are not dissimilar from those observed in other historical pandemics, thereby providing a broad and integrative perspective on potential common mechanisms of CNS dysfunction subsequent to viral infection. Poor mental health status may be reciprocally linked to compromised immune processes and enhanced susceptibility to infection by diverse pathogens. By extrapolation, we contend that COVID-19 may potentiate the severity of neurological/neurocognitive deficits in patients afflicted by well-studied neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Accordingly, the prevention, diagnosis, and management of sustained neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19 are pivotal health care directives and provide a compelling rationale for careful monitoring of infected patients, as early mitigation efforts may reduce short- and long-term complications. CI - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net. FAU - Stefano, George B AU - Stefano GB AD - Center for Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Buttiker, Pascal AU - Buttiker P AD - Center for Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Weissenberger, Simon AU - Weissenberger S AD - Center for Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. AD - Department of Psychology, University of New York in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Ptacek, Radek AU - Ptacek R AD - Center for Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Wang, Fuzhou AU - Wang F AD - Group of Neuropharmacology and Neurophysiology, Division of Neuroscience, The Bonoi Academy of Science and Education, Chapel Hill, NC27510, USA. FAU - Esch, Tobias AU - Esch T AD - Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health/School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany. FAU - Bilfinger, Thomas V AU - Bilfinger TV AD - Department of Surgery, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY11794, USA. FAU - Raboch, Jiri AU - Raboch J AD - Center for Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Kream, Richard M AU - Kream RM AD - Center for Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United Arab Emirates TA - Curr Neuropharmacol JT - Current neuropharmacology JID - 101157239 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Central Nervous System MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - *Neurodegenerative Diseases MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9886822 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Central nervous system OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - anxiety OT - brain fog OT - cognitive impairment OT - depression OT - long COVID OT - microglia OT - mitochondria OT - neuroinflammation OT - neuropsychiatric disease EDAT- 2021/12/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/26 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/16 CRDT- 2021/12/24 08:42 PHST- 2021/10/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/12/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/24 08:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CN-EPUB-119655 [pii] AID - CN-20-1229 [pii] AID - 10.2174/1570159X20666211223130228 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Neuropharmacol. 2022;20(6):1229-1240. doi: 10.2174/1570159X20666211223130228. PMID- 34950151 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220106 LR - 20220106 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - A Highly Conserved Peptide Vaccine Candidate Activates Both Humoral and Cellular Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Variant Strains. PG - 789905 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.789905 [doi] LID - 789905 AB - Facing the imminent need for vaccine candidates with cross-protection against globally circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mutants, we present a conserved antigenic peptide RBD9.1 with both T-cell and B-cell epitopes. RBD9.1 can be recognized by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent serum, particularly for those with high neutralizing potency. Immunization with RBD9.1 can successfully induce the production of the receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibodies in Balb/c mice. Importantly, the immunized sera exhibit sustained neutralizing efficacy against multiple dominant SARS-CoV-2 variant strains, including B.1.617.2 that carries a point mutation (S(L452R)) within the sequence of RBD9.1. Specifically, S(Y451) and S(Y454) are identified as the key amino acids for the binding of the induced RBD-specific antibodies to RBD9.1. Furthermore, we have confirmed that the RBD9.1 antigenic peptide can induce a S(448-456) (NYNYLYRLF)-specific CD8(+) T-cell response. Both RBD9.1-specific B cells and the S(448-456)-specific T cells can still be activated more than 3 months post the last immunization. This study provides a potential vaccine candidate that can generate long-term protective efficacy over SARS-CoV-2 variants, with the unique functional mechanism of activating both humoral and cellular immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Gao, Huang, Li, Hu, Shen, Mu, Luo, Song, Hao, Wang, Han, Qian, Wang, Wu, Li, Li and Jin. FAU - Gao, Fengxia AU - Gao F AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Huang, Jingjing AU - Huang J AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Tingting AU - Li T AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Hu, Chao AU - Hu C AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Shen, Meiying AU - Shen M AD - Department of Endocrine Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Mu, Song AU - Mu S AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Luo, Feiyang AU - Luo F AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Song, Shuyi AU - Song S AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Hao, Yanan AU - Hao Y AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Wang, Wang AU - Wang W AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Han, Xiaojian AU - Han X AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Qian, Chen AU - Qian C AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Wang, Yingming AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Wu, Ruixin AU - Wu R AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Luo AU - Li L AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Shenglong AU - Li S AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Jin, Aishun AU - Jin A AD - Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. AD - Chongqing Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Tumor Immunology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211207 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Subunit) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology/pharmacology MH - Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular/*immunology MH - Immunity, Humoral/*immunology MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Vaccines, Subunit/immunology PMC - PMC8688401 OTO - NOTNLM OT - RBD9.1 OT - SARS-CoV-2 variants OT - cellular immune response OT - humoral immune response OT - immunological memory OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/12/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/07 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/07 CRDT- 2021/12/24 05:47 PHST- 2021/10/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/24 05:47 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.789905 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2021 Dec 7;12:789905. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.789905. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34924406 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220128 LR - 20221207 IS - 1878-3627 (Electronic) IS - 0922-6028 (Print) IS - 0922-6028 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 6 DP - 2021 TI - Non-invasive brain microcurrent stimulation therapy of long-COVID-19 reduces vascular dysregulation and improves visual and cognitive impairment. PG - 393-408 LID - 10.3233/RNN-211249 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: An effective treatment is needed for long-COVID patients which suffer from symptoms of vision and/or cognition impairment such as impaired attention, memory, language comprehension, or fatigue. OBJECTIVE: Because COVID-19infection causes reduced blood flow which may cause neuronal inactivation, we explored if neuromodulation with non-invasive brain stimulation using microcurrent (NIBS), known to enhance blood flow and neuronal synchronization, can reduce these symptoms. METHODS: Two female long-COVID patients were treated for 10-13 days with alternating current stimulation of the eyes and brain. While one patient (age 40) was infected with the SARS CoV-2 virus, the other (age 72) developed symptoms following AstraZeneca vaccination. Before and after therapy, cognition was assessed subjectively by interview and visual fields quantified using perimetry. One patient was also tested with a cognitive test battery and with a retinal dynamic vascular analyser (DVA), a surrogate marker of vascular dysregulation in the brain. RESULTS: In both patients NIBS markedly improved cognition and partially reversed visual field loss within 3-4 days. Cognitive tests in one patient confirmed recovery of up to 40-60% in cognitive subfunctions with perimetry results showing stable and visual field recovery even during follow-up. DVA showed that NIBS reduced vascular dysregulation by normalizing vessel dynamics (dilation/constriction), with particularly noticeable changes in the peripheral veins and arteries. CONCLUSIONS: NIBS was effective in improving visual and cognitive deficits in two confirmed SARS-COV-2 patients. Because recovery of function was associated with restoration of vascular autoregulation, we propose that (i) hypometabolic, "silent" neurons are the likely biological cause of long-COVID associated visual and cognitive deficits, and (ii) reoxygenation of these "silent" neurons provides the basis for neural reactivation and neurological recovery. Controlled trials are now needed to confirm these observations. FAU - Sabel, Bernhard A AU - Sabel BA AD - Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Zhou, Wanshu AU - Zhou W AD - Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Huber, Frank AU - Huber F AD - Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Schmidt, Florentina AU - Schmidt F AD - Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Sabel, Kornelia AU - Sabel K AD - SAVIR-Center, Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Gonschorek, Andreas AU - Gonschorek A AD - BG Clinic Hamburg, Neurozentrum Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Bilc, Mirela AU - Bilc M AD - Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Restor Neurol Neurosci JT - Restorative neurology and neuroscience JID - 9005499 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Brain MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/therapy/virology MH - *Electric Stimulation Therapy MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Vision Disorders/therapy/virology MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC8764598 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Vision OT - cognition OT - corona OT - neuromodulation OT - recovery OT - restoration EDAT- 2021/12/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/29 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/18 CRDT- 2021/12/20 05:54 PHST- 2021/12/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/20 05:54 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - RNN211249 [pii] AID - 10.3233/RNN-211249 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2021;39(6):393-408. doi: 10.3233/RNN-211249. PMID- 34923427 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220216 LR - 20260505 IS - 2211-0356 (Electronic) IS - 2211-0348 (Print) IS - 2211-0348 (Linking) VI - 57 DP - 2022 Jan TI - Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 in Neuroinflammatory Disease: Early Safety/Tolerability Data. PG - 103433 LID - S2211-0348(21)00699-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103433 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Patients with autoimmune disease and on immunotherapy were largely excluded from seminal anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trials. This has led to significant vaccine hesitancy in patients with neuroinflammatory diseases (NID); including, but not limited to: multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), neurosarcoidosis and myelin oligodendrocyte antibody-mediated disease (MOG-AD). Data is urgently needed to help guide clinical care in the NID population. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional observational study evaluating adults with a neurologist-confirmed diagnosis of a neuroinflammatory disease (NID) and a neurologically asymptomatic control population. Participants were recruited from multiple academic centers participating in the MS Resilience to COVID-19 Collaborative study. We analyzed participant responses from a vaccine-specific questionnaire collected between February and May 2021. RESULTS: 1164 participants with NID and 595 controls completed the vaccine survey. Hesitancy rates were similar between NID and control groups (n = 134, 32.7% NID vs. n = 56, 30.6% control; p = 0.82). The most common reasons for hesitancy in NID participants were lack of testing in the autoimmune population and fear of demyelinating/neurologic events. Unvaccinated patients who had discussed vaccination with their doctor were less likely to be hesitant (n=184, 73.6% vs. n=83, 59.7%; p = 0.007). 634 NID patients and 332 controls had received at least one dose of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 at the time of survey completion. After adjusting for age, BMI, and comorbidities, there was no difference in self-reported side effects (SE) between groups with the first dose (n = 256, 42.2% NID vs. 141, 45.3% control; p = 0.20) or second dose (n = 246, 67.0% NID vs. n = 114, 64.8% control, p = 0.85) of the mRNA vaccines nor with the viral-vector vaccines (n = 6, 46% NID vs. n = 8, 66% control; p = 0.39). All reported SEs fell into the expected SE profile. There was no difference in report of new/recurrent neurologic symptoms (n = 110, 16.2% vaccinated vs. 71, 18.2% unvaccinated; p = 0.44) nor radiologic disease activity (n = 40, 5.9% vaccinated vs. n = 30, 7.6% unvaccinated) between vaccinated and unvaccinated NID participants. CONCLUSIONS: We found no difference in patient-reported vaccine side effects and no evidence of NID worsening after vaccination. Large-scale real-world evidence is needed for further validation. CI - Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Epstein, Samantha AU - Epstein S AD - Multiple Sclerosis Center and the Center For Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; Department of Neurology. New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: see2132@cumc.columbia.edu. FAU - Xia, Zongqi AU - Xia Z AD - University of Pittsburgh; Department of Neurology; Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Lee, Annie J AU - Lee AJ AD - Multiple Sclerosis Center and the Center For Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; Department of Neurology. New York, NY, USA. FAU - Dahl, Megan AU - Dahl M AD - University of Pittsburgh; Department of Neurology; Pittsburgh, PA, USA. FAU - Edwards, Keith AU - Edwards K AD - The Multiple Sclerosis Center of Northeastern New York; Latham, NY, USA. FAU - Levit, Elle AU - Levit E AD - Yale University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology; New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Longbrake, Erin E AU - Longbrake EE AD - Yale University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology; New Haven, CT, USA. FAU - Perrone, Christopher AU - Perrone C AD - University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Department of Neurology; Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Kavak, Katelyn AU - Kavak K AD - State University of New York at Buffalo; Department of Neurology; Buffalo, NY, USA. FAU - Weinstock-Guttman, Bianca AU - Weinstock-Guttman B AD - State University of New York at Buffalo; Department of Neurology; Buffalo, NY, USA. FAU - Diallo, Fatoumata AU - Diallo F AD - Multiple Sclerosis Center and the Center For Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; Department of Neurology. New York, NY, USA. FAU - Ricci, Adelle AU - Ricci A AD - Multiple Sclerosis Center and the Center For Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; Department of Neurology. New York, NY, USA. FAU - Riley, Claire S AU - Riley CS AD - Multiple Sclerosis Center and the Center For Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; Department of Neurology. New York, NY, USA. FAU - De Jager, Philip L AU - De Jager PL AD - Multiple Sclerosis Center and the Center For Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; Department of Neurology. New York, NY, USA. FAU - Farber, Rebecca AU - Farber R AD - Multiple Sclerosis Center and the Center For Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; Department of Neurology. New York, NY, USA. FAU - Wesley, Sarah F AU - Wesley SF AD - Multiple Sclerosis Center and the Center For Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; Department of Neurology. New York, NY, USA. CN - Multiple Sclerosis Resilience to COVID-19 (MSReCOV) Collaborative LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20211202 PL - Netherlands TA - Mult Scler Relat Disord JT - Multiple sclerosis and related disorders JID - 101580247 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Neuroinflammatory Diseases MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8638239 EDAT- 2021/12/20 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/17 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/02 CRDT- 2021/12/19 21:03 PHST- 2021/09/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/19 21:03 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-0348(21)00699-4 [pii] AID - 103433 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103433 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Jan;57:103433. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103433. Epub 2021 Dec 2. PMID- 34919255 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220105 LR - 20220105 IS - 2284-0729 (Electronic) IS - 1128-3602 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 23 DP - 2021 Dec TI - SARS-CoV-2 associated pathogenesis, immune dysfunction and involvement of host factors: a comprehensive review. PG - 7526-7542 LID - 27453 [pii] LID - 10.26355/eurrev_202112_27453 [doi] AB - Infectious diseases, especially viral infections, have emerged as a major concern for public health in recent years. Recently emerged COVID-19, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared a pandemic by World Health Organization since March 2020. It was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has since claimed more than a million lives. Complicated symptoms are associated with rising incidence and fatality rates, while many of the vaccine candidates are in the final stages of clinical trials. This review encompasses a summary of existing literature on COVID-19, including the basics of the disease such as the causative agent's genome characterization, modes of transmission of the virus, pathogenesis, and clinical presentations like associated immune responses, neurological manifestations, the variety of host genetic factors influencing the disease and the vulnerability of different groups being affected by COVID-19. FAU - Waqar, W AU - Waqar W AD - Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan. yasir_waheed_199@hotmail.com. FAU - Ismail, S AU - Ismail S FAU - Jamil, Z AU - Jamil Z FAU - Al-Shehhi, A AU - Al-Shehhi A FAU - Imran, M AU - Imran M FAU - Hetta, H F AU - Hetta HF FAU - Muhammad, K AU - Muhammad K FAU - Waheed, Y AU - Waheed Y LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review PL - United States TA - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci JT - European review for medical and pharmacological sciences JID - 9717360 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Biomarkers/*metabolism MH - COVID-19/complications/immunology/metabolism/*pathology MH - China MH - Gene Expression Regulation MH - Genome, Viral MH - Humans MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology/*pathogenicity EDAT- 2021/12/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/06 06:00 CRDT- 2021/12/17 12:25 PHST- 2021/12/17 12:25 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/06 06:00 [medline] AID - 27453 [pii] AID - 10.26355/eurrev_202112_27453 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021 Dec;25(23):7526-7542. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202112_27453. PMID- 34899999 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231108 IS - 1759-1961 (Print) IS - 1759-1961 (Electronic) IS - 1759-1961 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Feb TI - Neuro-COVID-19. PG - 17-23 LID - 10.1111/cen3.12676 [doi] AB - Neuromuscular manifestations of new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection are frequent, and include dizziness, headache, myopathy, and olfactory and gustatory disturbances. Patients with acute central nervous system disorders, such as delirium, impaired consciousness, stroke and convulsive seizures, have a high mortality rate. The encephalitis/encephalopathy that causes consciousness disturbance and seizures can be classified into three conditions, including direct infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, encephalopathy caused by central nervous system damage secondary to systemic hypercytokinemia (cytokine storm) and autoimmune-mediated encephalitis that occurs after infection. The sequelae, called post-acute COVID-19 syndrome or long COVID, include neuromuscular manifestations, such as anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, muscle weakness, brain fog and cognitive impairment. It is desirable to establish diagnostic criteria and treatment for these symptoms. Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia, Guillain-Barre syndrome, bilateral facial paralysis, encephalitis and opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome have been reported as adverse reactions after the COVID-19 vaccine, although these are rare. CI - (c) 2021 Japanese Society for Neuroimmunology. FAU - Shimohata, Takayoshi AU - Shimohata T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8788-9089 AD - Department of Neurology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210929 PL - United States TA - Clin Exp Neuroimmunol JT - Clinical & experimental neuroimmunology JID - 101520677 PMC - PMC8652810 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - neuromuscular manifestations OT - post-acute COVID-19 syndrome OT - vaccine EDAT- 2021/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/14 06:01 PMCR- 2021/09/29 CRDT- 2021/12/13 17:58 PHST- 2021/08/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/14 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/13 17:58 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CEN312676 [pii] AID - 10.1111/cen3.12676 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Exp Neuroimmunol. 2022 Feb;13(1):17-23. doi: 10.1111/cen3.12676. Epub 2021 Sep 29. PMID- 34894474 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220126 LR - 20261002 IS - 1532-8171 (Electronic) IS - 0735-6757 (Print) IS - 0735-6757 (Linking) VI - 52 DP - 2022 Feb TI - Secondary traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression among emergency healthcare workers in the middle of the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study. PG - 99-104 LID - S0735-6757(21)00965-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.11.051 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This study aims to determine the secondary traumatic stress (STS), anxiety, and depression levels of the emergency healthcare workers (HCWs) and to identify the factors associated with the mental health of the emergency HCWs. METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between April 1 and May 1, 2021. Emergency nurses and auxiliary staff who gave informed consent were included in the study. Participants who answered the questions incompletely were excluded from the study. Demographic information, working and living conditions, STS, anxiety, depression scores, and coping strategies were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 363 HCWs were included in the study. STS was detected in 261 (71.9%) of the participants, anxiety in 148 (40.8%), and depression in 203 (55.9%) participants. Vaccination against COVID-19 was not associated with STS, anxiety, and depression among emergency HCWs (p > 0.05). Having financial difficulties was the most important factor in the development of anxiety, depression, and STS (OR: 3.68 (95% CI 1.96-6.90), p < 0.001; OR: 4.36 (95% CI 2.52-7.53), p < 0.001; OR: 5.35 (95% CI 3.06-9.37), p < 0.001, respectively). We found significantly reduced levels of STS, anxiety, and depression among participants reporting coping strategies that engaging in hobbies, healthy nutrition, and reading books. CONCLUSION: High levels of STS, anxiety, and depression were determined among emergency nurses and auxiliary staff during the pandemic. Poor job satisfaction and financial difficulties were associated with the mental health of emergency HCWs. The mental health of the emergency HCWs should be evaluated regularly. In addition to professional psychological support, social and financial support should be provided as well. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Ilhan, Bugra AU - Ilhan B AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: bugra_ilhan@yahoo.com. FAU - Kupeli, Ilke AU - Kupeli I AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Biruni University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211203 PL - United States TA - Am J Emerg Med JT - The American journal of emergency medicine JID - 8309942 SB - IM MH - Adaptation, Psychological MH - Adult MH - Anxiety/*etiology MH - COVID-19/*epidemiology MH - Compassion Fatigue/*etiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Depression/*etiology MH - *Emergency Service, Hospital MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Pandemics MH - Personnel, Hospital/*psychology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Psychosocial Support Systems MH - Recreation MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Turkey/epidemiology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8641431 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anxiety OT - COVID-19 OT - Depression OT - Healthcare workers OT - Secondary traumatic stress COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they did not have any potential conflicts of interest with regard to this research, or the authorship and publication of this article. EDAT- 2021/12/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/27 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/03 CRDT- 2021/12/11 20:07 PHST- 2021/09/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/11 20:07 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0735-6757(21)00965-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.11.051 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Emerg Med. 2022 Feb;52:99-104. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.11.051. Epub 2021 Dec 3. PMID- 34894403 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220310 LR - 20260127 IS - 1532-5415 (Electronic) IS - 0002-8614 (Linking) VI - 70 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar TI - Immunogenicity after 6 months of BNT162b2 vaccination in frail or disabled nursing home residents: The COVID-A Study. PG - 650-658 LID - 10.1111/jgs.17620 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: There is incomplete information regarding evolution of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 after a two-dose strategy vaccination with BNT162b2 in older adults in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) with frailty, disability, or cognitive impairment. We aimed to determine IgG antibody titer loss in older adults in LTCFs. METHODS: This is a multicenter longitudinal cohort study including 127 residents (90 females and 37 males) with a mean age of 82.7 years (range 65-99) with different frailty and disability profiles in two LTCFs in Albacete, Spain. Residents received two doses of BNT162b2 as per label, and antibody levels were determined 1 and 6 months after the second dose. Age, sex, previous history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), comorbidity (Charlson Index), performance in activities of daily living (Barthel Index), frailty (FRAIL instrument), and cognitive status were assessed. RESULTS: The mean antibody titers 1 and 6 months after the second vaccine dose were 32,145 AU/ml (SD 41,206) and 6182 AU/ml (SD 13,316), respectively. Across all participants, the median antibody titer loss measured 77.6% (interquartile range [IQR] 23.8%). Notably, the decline of titers in individuals with pre-vaccination COVID-19 infection was significantly lower than in those without a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (72.2% vs. 85.3%; p < 0.001). The median titer decrease per follow-up day was 0.47% (IQR 0.14%) and only pre-vaccination COVID-19 was associated with lower rate of antibody decline at 6 months (hazard ratio 0.17; 95% confidence interval 0.07-0.41; p < 0.001). Frailty, disability, older age, cognitive impairment, or comorbidity were not associated with the extent of antibody loss. CONCLUSIONS: Older adults in LTCFs experience a rapid loss of antibodies over the first 6 months after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine. Only pre-vaccination COVID-19 is associated with a slower rate of antibody decrease. Our data support immunization with a third dose in this vulnerable, high-risk population. CI - (c) 2021 The American Geriatrics Society. FAU - Salmeron Rios, Sergio AU - Salmeron Rios S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4405-687X AD - Residencia de Mayores San Vicente de Paul, Diputacion de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Cortes Zamora, Elisa Belen AU - Cortes Zamora EB AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Avendano Cespedes, Almudena AU - Avendano Cespedes A AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Romero Rizos, Luis AU - Romero Rizos L AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Jurado, Pedro Manuel AU - Sanchez-Jurado PM AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Nievas, Gines AU - Sanchez-Nievas G AD - Department of Rheumatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Mas Romero, Marta AU - Mas Romero M AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Tabernero Sahuquillo, Maria Teresa AU - Tabernero Sahuquillo MT AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Blas Senalada, Jose Joaquin AU - Blas Senalada JJ AD - Department of Microbiology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Murillo Romero, Antonio AU - Murillo Romero A AD - Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Garcia Nogueras, Inmaculada AU - Garcia Nogueras I AD - Residencia de Mayores San Vicente de Paul, Diputacion de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Estrella Cazalla, Juan de Dios AU - Estrella Cazalla JD AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain. AD - Residencia de Mayores Nunez de Balboa, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Andres-Pretel, Fernando AU - Andres-Pretel F AD - Department of Statistics, Foundation of the National Paraplegics Hospital of Toledo, Toledo, Spain. FAU - Lauschke, Volker Martin AU - Lauschke VM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1140-6204 AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany. FAU - Stebbing, Justin AU - Stebbing J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1117-6947 AD - Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK. FAU - Abizanda, Pedro AU - Abizanda P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4707-2963 AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain. LA - eng GR - CB16/10/00408/Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable/ GR - COV20/00004/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211217 PL - United States TA - J Am Geriatr Soc JT - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society JID - 7503062 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antibody Formation MH - BNT162 Vaccine/administration & dosage/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/*prevention & control MH - *Persons with Disabilities MH - Female MH - *Frail Elderly MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Nursing Homes MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spain OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 vaccine OT - COVID-19 OT - antibody titers OT - disability OT - frailty OT - immunogenicity OT - nursing homes OT - older adults EDAT- 2021/12/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/11 06:00 CRDT- 2021/12/11 17:03 PHST- 2021/12/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/11 17:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jgs.17620 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Geriatr Soc. 2022 Mar;70(3):650-658. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17620. Epub 2021 Dec 17. PMID- 34873588 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220107 LR - 20240820 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 12 DP - 2021 Dec 21 TI - Secretory IgA and T cells targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are transferred to the breastmilk upon mRNA vaccination. PG - 100468 LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100468 [doi] LID - 100468 AB - In view of the scarcity of data to guide decision making, we evaluated how BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines affect the immune response in lactating women and the protective profile of breastmilk. Compared with controls, lactating women had a higher frequency of circulating RBD memory B cells and higher anti-RBD antibody titers but similar neutralizing capacity. We show that upon vaccination, immune transfer to breastmilk occurs through a combination of anti-spike secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies and spike-reactive T cells. Although we found that the concentration of anti-spike IgA in breastmilk might not be sufficient to directly neutralize SARS-CoV-2, our data suggest that cumulative transfer of IgA might provide the infant with effective neutralization capacity. Our findings put forward the possibility that breastmilk might convey both immediate (through anti-spike SIgA) and long-lived (via spike-reactive T cells) immune protection to the infant. Further studies are needed to address this possibility and to determine the functional profile of spike T cells. CI - (c) 2021 The Author(s). FAU - Goncalves, Juliana AU - Goncalves J AD - Human Immunobiology and Pathogenesis Group, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. AD - iNOVA4Health, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Juliano, A Margarida AU - Juliano AM AD - Human Immunobiology and Pathogenesis Group, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. AD - iNOVA4Health, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Charepe, Nadia AU - Charepe N AD - Centro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal. AD - CHRC, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Alenquer, Marta AU - Alenquer M AD - Cell Biology of Viral Infection Lab, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Oeiras, Portugal. FAU - Athayde, Diogo AU - Athayde D AD - Membrane Protein Crystallography Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica, ITQB-NOVA, Oeiras, Portugal. FAU - Ferreira, Filipe AU - Ferreira F AD - Cell Biology of Viral Infection Lab, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Oeiras, Portugal. FAU - Archer, Margarida AU - Archer M AD - Membrane Protein Crystallography Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica, ITQB-NOVA, Oeiras, Portugal. FAU - Amorim, Maria Joao AU - Amorim MJ AD - Cell Biology of Viral Infection Lab, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Oeiras, Portugal. FAU - Serrano, Fatima AU - Serrano F AD - Centro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal. AD - CHRC, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Soares, Helena AU - Soares H AD - Human Immunobiology and Pathogenesis Group, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. AD - iNOVA4Health, Lisbon, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211202 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A, Secretory) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - COVID-19/immunology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Maternally-Acquired MH - Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/*immunology MH - Lactation/immunology MH - Memory B Cells/immunology MH - Milk, Human/*immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - Vaccination MH - mRNA Vaccines/immunology PMC - PMC8636305 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - breastmilk T cells OT - lactating women OT - mRNA vaccine OT - maternal vaccination OT - memory B cells OT - milk-transferred SARS-CoV-2 protection OT - milk-transferred spike-reactive T cells OT - plasmablasts OT - spike SIgA COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/12/08 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/08 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/02 CRDT- 2021/12/07 06:46 PHST- 2021/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/07 06:46 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(21)00340-2 [pii] AID - 100468 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100468 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2021 Dec 21;2(12):100468. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100468. Epub 2021 Dec 2. PMID- 34865053 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220331 LR - 20231105 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Print) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) VI - 225 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Mar 15 TI - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-Specific Memory B Cells From Individuals With Diverse Disease Severities Recognize SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern. PG - 947-956 LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiab585 [doi] AB - The unprecedented severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has called for substantial investigations into the capacity of the human immune system to protect against reinfection and keep pace with the evolution of SARS-CoV-2. We evaluated the magnitude and durability of the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses against parental WA-1 SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) and a representative variant of concern (VoC) RBD using antibodies from 2 antibody compartments: long-lived plasma cell-derived plasma antibodies and antibodies encoded by SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells (MBCs). Thirty-five participants naturally infected with SARS-CoV-2 were evaluated; although only 25 of 35 participants had VoC RBD-reactive plasma antibodies, 34 of 35 (97%) participants had VoC RBD-reactive MBC-derived antibodies. Our finding that 97% of previously infected individuals have MBCs specific for variant RBDs provides reason for optimism regarding the capacity of vaccination, prior infection, and/or both, to elicit immunity with the capacity to limit disease severity and transmission of VoCs as they arise and circulate. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Lyski, Zoe L AU - Lyski ZL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3631-8072 AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. FAU - Brunton, Amanda E AU - Brunton AE AD - Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA. FAU - Strnad, Matt I AU - Strnad MI AD - Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA. FAU - Sullivan, Peter E AU - Sullivan PE AD - Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA. FAU - Siegel, Sarah A R AU - Siegel SAR AD - Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA. FAU - Tafesse, Fikadu G AU - Tafesse FG AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. FAU - Slifka, Mark K AU - Slifka MK AD - Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. FAU - Messer, William B AU - Messer WB AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. AD - Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. LA - eng GR - P51 OD011092/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI145835/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2021 Jun 03:2021.05.28.21258025. doi: 10.1101/2021.05.28.21258025. PMID: 34100028 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - *Memory B Cells MH - SARS-CoV-2/*genetics MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus PMC - PMC8922005 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - antibody OT - disease severity OT - limiting dilution assay OT - memory B-cell OT - variant of concern EDAT- 2021/12/06 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/01 06:00 PMCR- 2022/12/01 CRDT- 2021/12/05 21:43 PHST- 2021/06/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/05 21:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6447629 [pii] AID - jiab585 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiab585 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Dis. 2022 Mar 15;225(6):947-956. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab585. PMID- 34842783 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20211203 IS - 2035-8385 (Print) IS - 2035-8377 (Electronic) IS - 2035-8385 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 4 DP - 2021 Nov 19 TI - Spectrum of Neuroimaging Findings in Post-COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Series and Review of Literature. PG - 622-639 LID - 10.3390/neurolint13040061 [doi] AB - Background and Purpose: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Symptoms range from mild flu-like symptoms to more severe presentations, including pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and even death. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) approved the use of several vaccines. Because vaccines have been fast-tracked for emergency use, the short and long-term safety profile has been an area of concern. The aim of this paper is to extensively review published literature regarding post-COVID-19 vaccination neurological complications and characterize neuroimaging findings from three case presentations for early diagnosis and treatment. Methods: The analysis includes data from PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles included were retrieved from database inception beginning December 2020 with no language restrictions. Terms used include "SARS-CoV-2", "post Covid vaccination", "neurological complications", "Guillain-barre Syndrome", "Transverse-myelitis", "Cerebral Venous Sinus thrombosis", and "Cerebral hemorrhage". Results: The literature review yielded several neurological complications post vaccination, including cerebral sinus venous thrombosis, transverse myelitis, Guillain-Barre Syndrome and optic neuritis, to name a few. Patient case presentation findings were consistent with documented results in published literature. Conclusions: We present a case series with a thorough literature review documenting adverse neurological affects following COVID-19 vaccination. Our case presentations and literature review highlight the importance of neuroimaging when diagnosing post-COVID-19 vaccination adverse effects. MRI imaging study is an important tool to be considered in patients presenting with post-COVID-19 vaccination-related unexplained neurological symptoms for accurate diagnosis. FAU - Sriwastava, Shitiz AU - Sriwastava S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6844-3287 AD - Department of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. AD - School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. AD - West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. AD - Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. FAU - Shrestha, Ashish K AU - Shrestha AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4614-7783 AD - Katmandu Medical College, School of Medicine, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal. FAU - Khalid, Syed Hassan AU - Khalid SH AD - Department of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. FAU - Colantonio, Mark A AU - Colantonio MA AD - School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. FAU - Nwafor, Divine AU - Nwafor D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7347-9524 AD - School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. FAU - Srivastava, Samiksha AU - Srivastava S AD - Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20211119 PL - Switzerland TA - Neurol Int JT - Neurology international JID - 101551564 PMC - PMC8628885 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccination OT - GBS OT - optic neuropathy OT - transverse myelitis COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/11/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/30 06:01 PMCR- 2021/11/19 CRDT- 2021/11/29 12:33 PHST- 2021/09/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/29 12:33 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/30 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - neurolint13040061 [pii] AID - neurolint-13-00061 [pii] AID - 10.3390/neurolint13040061 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Neurol Int. 2021 Nov 19;13(4):622-639. doi: 10.3390/neurolint13040061. PMID- 34839246 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211206 LR - 20250623 IS - 1525-5069 (Electronic) IS - 1525-5050 (Print) IS - 1525-5050 (Linking) VI - 125 DP - 2021 Dec TI - Epilepsy and the risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. PG - 108437 LID - S1525-5050(21)00698-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108437 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Patients with epilepsy experience seizures, which have been reported to increase and worsen during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the association between epilepsy and COVID-19 outcomes remains unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze whether patients with epilepsy have an increased risk of having poor COVID-19 outcomes. METHODS: We comprehensively evaluated potential articles extracted from the medRxiv, Europe PMC, and PubMed databases until June 30, 2021, using selected keywords. All published studies on epilepsy and COVID-19 were selected. We used the Review Manager 5.4 and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3 software for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Thirteen studies with 67,131 patients with COVID-19 were included in the analysis. Evaluation of the collated data revealed an association between epilepsy and increased severity of COVID-19 (OR, 1.69; 95%CI: 1.11-2.59; p = 0.010; I(2) = 29%; random-effect modeling) and mortality from COVID-19 (OR, 1.71; 95%CI: 1.14-2.56; p = 0.010; I(2) = 53%; random-effect modeling). The results also showed that the association between epilepsy and increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 is influenced by sex and neurodegenerative disease. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that patients with epilepsy are at risk of having poor COVID-19 outcomes. Patients with epilepsy need special attention and should be prioritized for administration of the COVID-19 vaccine. Registration details: PROSPERO (CRD42021264979). CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Siahaan, Yusak Mangara Tua AU - Siahaan YMT AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Karawaci, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia. FAU - Ketaren, Retno Jayantri AU - Ketaren RJ AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Karawaci, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia. FAU - Hartoyo, Vinson AU - Hartoyo V AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Karawaci, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia. FAU - Hariyanto, Timotius Ivan AU - Hariyanto TI AD - Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Karawaci, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia. Electronic address: timotius.hariyanto95@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20211115 PL - United States TA - Epilepsy Behav JT - Epilepsy & behavior : E&B JID - 100892858 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - *Epilepsy/complications/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - *Neurodegenerative Diseases MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8590948 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Coronavirus disease 2019 OT - Epilepsy OT - Neurology OT - Seizure COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/11/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/15 CRDT- 2021/11/28 21:08 PHST- 2021/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/28 21:08 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1525-5050(21)00698-3 [pii] AID - 108437 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108437 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Epilepsy Behav. 2021 Dec;125:108437. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108437. Epub 2021 Nov 15. PMID- 34839149 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220113 LR - 20230104 IS - 1872-8421 (Electronic) IS - 0165-5728 (Print) IS - 0165-5728 (Linking) VI - 362 DP - 2022 Jan 15 TI - A systematic review of cases of CNS demyelination following COVID-19 vaccination. PG - 577765 LID - S0165-5728(21)00292-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577765 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Since the emergency use approval of different types of COVID-19 vaccines, several safety concerns have been raised regarding its early and delayed impact on the nervous system. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to systematically review the reported cases of CNS demyelination in association with COVID-19 vaccination, which has not been performed, to our knowledge. METHODS: A systematic review was performed by screening published articles and preprints of cases of CNS demyelination in association with COVID-19 vaccines in PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Ovid and medRxiv databases, until September 30, 2021. This study followed PRISMA guidelines. Descriptive findings of reported cases were reviewed and stratified by demographic and clinical findings, diagnostic work-up, management, and overall outcome. RESULTS: A total of 32 cases were identified, with female predominance (68.8%) and median age of 44 years. Eleven cases were reported after Pfizer vaccine, 8 following AstraZeneca vaccine, 6 following Moderna, 5 following Sinovac/ Sinopharm vaccines, and one following each of Sputnik and Johnson&Johnson vaccines. The majority of cases (71.8%) occurred after the first dose of the vaccine, with neurological symptoms manifesting after a median of 9 days. The most common reported presentations were transverse myelitis (12/32) and MS-like pictures (first diagnosis or a relapse) in another 12/32 cases, followed by ADEM- like (5/32), and NMOSD- like (3/32) presentations. History of a previous immune-mediated disease was reported in 17/32 (53.1%) cases. The mRNA-based vaccines resulted in the greatest number of demyelinating syndromes (17/32), followed by viral vector vaccines (10/32), and inactivated vaccines (5/32). Most MS-like episodes (9/12) were triggered by mRNA-based vaccines, while TM occurred following both viral vector and mRNA-based vaccines. Management included high dose methylprednisolone, PLEX, IVIg, or a combination of those, with a favorable outcome in the majority of case; marked/complete improvement (25/32) or stabilized/ partial recovery in the remaining cases. CONCLUSION: This systematic review identified few cases of CNS demyelination following all types of approved COVID-19 vaccines so far. Clinical presentation was heterogenous, mainly following the first dose, however, half of the reported cases had a history of immune-mediated disease. Favorable outcome was observed in most cases. We suggest long-term post-marketing surveillance for these cases, to assess for causality, and ensure the safety of COVID-19 vaccines. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Ismail, Ismail Ibrahim AU - Ismail II AD - Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait. Electronic address: dr.ismail.ibrahim2012@gmail.com. FAU - Salama, Sara AU - Salama S AD - Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20211109 PL - Netherlands TA - J Neuroimmunol JT - Journal of neuroimmunology JID - 8109498 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - COVID-19/*prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*adverse effects MH - Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS/*chemically induced/*epidemiology/etiology MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8577051 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Demyelinating disease OT - Multiple sclerosis OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Transverse myelitis OT - Vaccine EDAT- 2021/11/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/14 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/09 CRDT- 2021/11/28 21:03 PHST- 2021/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/28 21:03 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0165-5728(21)00292-7 [pii] AID - 577765 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577765 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neuroimmunol. 2022 Jan 15;362:577765. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577765. Epub 2021 Nov 9. PMID- 34835235 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20211130 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Nov 9 TI - Explaining COVID-19 Vaccine Rejection Using Social Cognitive Theory in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. LID - 10.3390/vaccines9111304 [doi] LID - 1304 AB - Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines needs a health promotion approach to address various social, environmental and personal factors leading to vaccine hesitancy. We assessed the vaccine hesitancy rate and applied social cognitive theory (SCT) to understand COVID-19 vaccine rejection in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among visitors of 10 randomly selected primary health care centers in Buraidah, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected by a self-administrated questionnaire. The variables were grouped into six constructs of SCT. Logistic regression was used to assess the predictors of vaccine rejection. Out of 486 participants included in the study, 30.5% rejected the vaccine. The most common reason for vaccine rejection was uncertainty about the vaccine's effectiveness (78%). Among various constructs of SCT, reciprocal determinism (nationality, income and suffering from COVID-19 infection), behavioral capability (knowledge about vaccine safety), self-efficacy (registered for vaccine), and observational learning (getting the vaccine after friends and family members) were significant predictors. Expectation and reinforcement constructs did not show significant association. There was high vaccine rejection in Qassim, KSA. This calls for further improving the mass education strategies. Social cognitive theory can be used to predict vaccine rejection and to develop strategies to increase the utilization of COVID-19 vaccines in Saudi Arabia. FAU - AlSaeed, Aseel Ali AU - AlSaeed AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1961-1835 AD - Family Medicine Academy, Qassim Health Cluster, Buraidah 52385, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Rabbani, Unaib AU - Rabbani U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0702-780X AD - Family Medicine Academy, Qassim Health Cluster, Buraidah 52385, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211109 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC8623049 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Saudi Arabia OT - barriers to vaccine OT - social cognitive theory OT - vaccine hesitancy COIS- Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/28 06:01 PMCR- 2021/11/09 CRDT- 2021/11/27 01:27 PHST- 2021/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/27 01:27 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/28 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines9111304 [pii] AID - vaccines-09-01304 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines9111304 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Nov 9;9(11):1304. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9111304. PMID- 34834950 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211210 LR - 20211214 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Oct 24 TI - Impairment of CD4+ T and Memory B Cell Responses but Normal Memory CD8+T-Cell Activation on Crohn's Disease after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Twin Case. LID - 10.3390/v13112143 [doi] LID - 2143 AB - Vaccines to prevent the impact of SARS-CoV-2 are now available, including for patients with autoimmune diseases. However, there is no information about how inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment could impact the cellular and humoral immune responses. This study evaluated SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular responses after vaccination with a two-dose schedule in a Crohn's disease patient treated with Infliximab (10 mg/kg); we included comparisons with a monozygotic twin. The results showed that the Crohn's disease's twin (twin 2) had no antibody detection and reduced activation of CD4+ T cell responses, unlike the twin without the autoimmune disease (twin 1). Twin 2 developed antigen-specific central memory CD8+ T-cells and IFNgamma production after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination, similar to twin 1. These findings elucidated the role of T-cell immunity after COVID-19 immunization on IBD patients despite the lack of antibody production. Finally, our observation supports the consensus recommendation for IBD patients to receive COVID-19 vaccines. FAU - Melgaco, Fabiana Gil AU - Melgaco FG AD - Laboratorio de Cultu and s Biologicas, Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias 25050-100, Brazil. FAU - Azamor, Tamiris AU - Azamor T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4047-2091 AD - Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiologicos, Bio-Manguinhos, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil. FAU - Villar, Livia Melo AU - Villar LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7644-8969 AD - Laboratorio de Hepatites Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil. FAU - Ano Bom, Ana Paula Dinis AU - Ano Bom APD AD - Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiologicos, Bio-Manguinhos, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil. FAU - Melgaco, Juliana Gil AU - Melgaco JG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0087-6531 AD - Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiologicos, Bio-Manguinhos, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil. LA - eng GR - BIO-003-FIO-20/Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz/ GR - SEI-260003/002688/2020/Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro/ GR - VPPCB-05-FIO-20-2-52/Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211024 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) RN - B72HH48FLU (Infliximab) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/*immunology MH - Crohn Disease/drug therapy/*immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Infliximab/therapeutic use MH - Interferon-gamma/analysis MH - *Lymphocyte Activation MH - Memory B Cells/*immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Twins, Monozygotic PMC - PMC8620698 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Crohn's disease OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/24 CRDT- 2021/11/27 01:26 PHST- 2021/07/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/27 01:26 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v13112143 [pii] AID - viruses-13-02143 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v13112143 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2021 Oct 24;13(11):2143. doi: 10.3390/v13112143. PMID- 34831138 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211210 LR - 20260127 IS - 2073-4409 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4409 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Oct 27 TI - B Cell Response Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Boosted by the BNT162b2 Vaccine in Primary Antibody Deficiencies. LID - 10.3390/cells10112915 [doi] LID - 2915 AB - BACKGROUND: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies are at risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic due to their impaired response to infection and vaccination. Specifically, patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) generated poor spike-specific antibody and T cell responses after immunization. METHODS: Thirty-four CVID convalescent patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 38 CVID patients immunized with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and 20 SARS-CoV-2 CVID convalescents later and immunized with BNT162b2 were analyzed for the anti-spike IgG production and the generation of spike-specific memory B cells and T cells. RESULTS: Spike-specific IgG was induced more frequently after infection than after vaccination (82% vs. 34%). The antibody response was boosted in convalescents by vaccination. Although immunized patients generated atypical memory B cells possibly by extra-follicular or incomplete germinal center reactions, convalescents responded to infection by generating spike-specific memory B cells that were improved by the subsequent immunization. Poor spike-specific T cell responses were measured independently from the immunological challenge. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 infection primed a more efficient classical memory B cell response, whereas the BNT162b2 vaccine induced non-canonical B cell responses in CVID. Natural infection responses were boosted by subsequent immunization, suggesting the possibility to further stimulate the immune response by additional vaccine doses in CVID. FAU - Pulvirenti, Federica AU - Pulvirenti F AD - Regional Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Fernandez Salinas, Ane AU - Fernandez Salinas A AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy. AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Milito, Cinzia AU - Milito C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2581-9250 AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Terreri, Sara AU - Terreri S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5791-6306 AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0054-4732 AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Quintarelli, Concetta AU - Quintarelli C AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00116 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy. FAU - Di Cecca, Stefano AU - Di Cecca S AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00116 Rome, Italy. FAU - Lagnese, Gianluca AU - Lagnese G AD - Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy. FAU - Punziano, Alessandra AU - Punziano A AD - Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy. FAU - Guercio, Marika AU - Guercio M AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00116 Rome, Italy. FAU - Bonanni, Livia AU - Bonanni L AD - Regional Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Auria, Stefania AU - Auria S AD - Regional Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Villani, Francesca AU - Villani F AD - Regional Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Albano, Christian AU - Albano C AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Locatelli, Franco AU - Locatelli F AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00116 Rome, Italy. AD - Dipartimento Materno-Infantile e Scienze Urologiche, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Spadaro, Giuseppe AU - Spadaro G AD - Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Quinti, Isabella AU - Quinti I AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211027 PL - Switzerland TA - Cells JT - Cells JID - 101600052 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine/*immunology MH - COVID-19/complications/*immunology/prevention & control MH - Convalescence MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunization MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - Male MH - Memory B Cells/*immunology MH - Middle Aged MH - Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/complications/*immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC8616496 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - COVID-1 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody response OT - common variable immunodeficiencies OT - memory B cells OT - spike protein OT - third dose OT - vaccine COIS- Authors declare that they have no competing interest. EDAT- 2021/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/27 CRDT- 2021/11/27 01:14 PHST- 2021/09/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/27 01:14 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cells10112915 [pii] AID - cells-10-02915 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cells10112915 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cells. 2021 Oct 27;10(11):2915. doi: 10.3390/cells10112915. PMID- 34829805 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230928 IS - 2227-9059 (Print) IS - 2227-9059 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9059 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Oct 29 TI - A Rapid and Simple Multiparameter Assay to Quantify Spike-Specific CD4 and CD8 T Cells after SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Preliminary Report. LID - 10.3390/biomedicines9111576 [doi] LID - 1576 AB - mRNA and Adenovirus vaccines for COVID-19 are used to induce humoral and cell-mediated immunity, with the aim to generate both SARS-CoV-2 B and T memory cells. In present study, we described a simple assay to detect and quantify Spike-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses induced by vaccination in healthy donors and in subjects with B cell compart impairment, in which antibody response is absent due to primary immunodeficiencies or CD20 depleting therapy. We detect and quantified memory T cell immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 evocated by vaccination in both groups, irrespective to the humoral response. Furthermore, we identified TNF-alpha as the main cytokine produced by T memory cells, after antigen-specific stimulation in vitro, that could be considered, other than IFN-gamma, an additional biomarker of induction of T memory cells upon vaccination. Further studies on the vaccine-induced T cell responses could be crucial, not only in healthy people but also in immunocompromised subjects, where antigen specific T cells responses play a protective role against SARS-CoV-2. FAU - Shekarkar Azgomi, Mojtaba AU - Shekarkar Azgomi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0642-0431 AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnostic and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - La Manna, Marco Pio AU - La Manna MP AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnostic and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Badami, Giusto Davide AU - Badami GD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0395-9789 AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnostic and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Ragonese, Paolo AU - Ragonese P AD - Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Trizzino, Antonino AU - Trizzino A AD - Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, A.R.N.A.S. Civico Di Cristina and Benfratelli Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Dieli, Francesco AU - Dieli F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6685-352X AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnostic and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. FAU - Caccamo, Nadia AU - Caccamo N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1018-5710 AD - Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnostic and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211029 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomedicines JT - Biomedicines JID - 101691304 EIN - Biomedicines. 2023 Aug 25;11(9):2378. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11092378. PMID: 37761034 PMC - PMC8615821 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4+ OT - CD8+ OT - Pfizer/BioNTech OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cytokines OT - memory T cell COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/28 06:01 PMCR- 2021/10/29 CRDT- 2021/11/27 01:10 PHST- 2021/09/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/27 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/28 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biomedicines9111576 [pii] AID - biomedicines-09-01576 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biomedicines9111576 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomedicines. 2021 Oct 29;9(11):1576. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9111576. PMID- 34803439 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231108 IS - 1303-6092 (Electronic) IS - 1300-0152 (Print) IS - 1300-0152 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 4 DP - 2021 TI - An update comprehensive review on the status of COVID-19: vaccines, drugs, variants and neurological symptoms. PG - 342-357 LID - 10.3906/biy-2106-23 [doi] AB - Various recently reported mutant variants, candidate and urgently approved current vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), many current situations with severe neurological damage and symptoms as well as respiratory tract disorders have begun to be reported. In particular, drug, vaccine, and neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been developed and are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Here, we review lessons learned from the use of novel mutant variants of the COVID-19 virus, immunization, new drug solutions, and antibody therapies for infections. Next, we focus on the B 1.1.7, B 1.351, P.1, and B.1.617 lineages or variants of concern that have been reported worldwide, the new manifestations of neurological manifestations, the current therapeutic drug targets for its treatment, vaccine candidates and their efficacy, implantation of convalescent plasma, and neutralization of mAbs. We review specific clinical questions, including many emerging neurological effects and respiratory tract injuries, as well as new potential biomarkers, new studies in addition to known therapeutics, and chronic diseases of vaccines that have received immediate approval. To answer these questions, further understanding of the burden kinetics of COVID-19 and its correlation with neurological clinical outcomes, endogenous antibody responses to vaccines, pharmacokinetics of neutralizing mAbs, and action against emerging viral mutant variants is needed. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). FAU - Ozkan Oktay, Ebru AU - Ozkan Oktay E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0395-9845 AD - Laboratory Technology Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Uskudar University, Istanbul Turkey. FAU - Tuncay, Salih AU - Tuncay S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3838-5228 AD - Food Technology Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Uskudar University, Istanbul Turkey. FAU - Kaman, Tugba AU - Kaman T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5885-0193 AD - Medical and Aromatic Plants Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Uskudar University, Istanbul Turkey. FAU - Karasakal, Omer Faruk AU - Karasakal OF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7803-3249 AD - Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Uskudar University, Istanbul Turkey. FAU - Ozcan, Oznur Ozge AU - Ozcan OO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8992-0556 AD - Physiotherapy Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Uskudar University, Istanbul Turkey. FAU - Soylamis, Tugce AU - Soylamis T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4663-897X AD - Laboratory Technology Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Uskudar University, Istanbul Turkey. FAU - Karahan, Mesut AU - Karahan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8971-678X AD - Vocational School of Health Services, Uskudar University, Istanbul Turkey. FAU - Konuk, Muhsin AU - Konuk M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6651-718X AD - Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Uskudar University, Istanbul Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210830 PL - Turkey TA - Turk J Biol JT - Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi JID - 9434434 PMC - PMC8573837 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - drugs OT - neurological symptoms OT - neutralizing antibodies OT - vaccines OT - variants COIS- CONFLICT OF INTEREST: none declared EDAT- 2021/11/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/23 06:01 PMCR- 2021/08/30 CRDT- 2021/11/22 06:36 PHST- 2021/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/22 06:36 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/23 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3906/biy-2106-23 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Turk J Biol. 2021 Aug 30;45(4):342-357. doi: 10.3906/biy-2106-23. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34794147 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220307 LR - 20260127 IS - 1423-0097 (Electronic) IS - 1018-2438 (Print) IS - 1018-2438 (Linking) VI - 183 IP - 3 DP - 2022 TI - Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in 2 Men. PG - 350-359 LID - 10.1159/000520046 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: In the trials of corona virus vaccines, detailed analyses of subsets of lymphocytes were not carried out. We present perhaps the most comprehensive immunological analysis of 29 subsets of B and T cells in 2 healthy subjects receiving 2 doses of the Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccine. METHODS: Analyses were performed prior to vaccination, 3 weeks following the 1st dose, and 4 weeks following the 2nd dose. Total, naive (TN), and different memory and effector subsets (TCM, TEM, and TEMRA) of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells; SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific tetramer+, and cytotoxic CD8+ T; subsets of T follicular cells (TFH, TFH1, TFH2, TFH1/TFH17, and TFH17); B-cell subsets (mature B cells, naive B cells, transitional B cells, marginal zone B cells, class-switched memory B cells, germinal center B cells, and CD21low B cells), and plasmablasts; and regulatory lymphocytes (CD4+ Treg, CD8+ Treg, Breg, and TFR cells) were evaluated with specific monoclonal antibodies by flow cytometry. RESULTS: A lack of COVID-19 IgG antibodies after the 1st dose in one of 2 subjects was associated with increased regulatory lymphocytes and decreased plasmablasts. Seroconversion after the 2nd dose in this subject was associated with decreased TFR cells and increased plasmablasts. In both subjects, CD4 TEM and CD8 TCM were markedly increased following the 2nd dose. TFH1 and regulatory lymphocytes were increased (except Breg) following the 1st dose. A striking increase in SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells was observed following the 2nd dose. CONCLUSION: Our data support the need for 2nd dose of vaccine to induce strong SARS-CoV-2 CD8 T-cell specific response and generation of memory subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Regulatory lymphocytes appear to play a role in the magnitude of response. CI - (c) 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel. FAU - Gupta, Sudhir AU - Gupta S AD - Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Su, Houfen AU - Su H AD - Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. FAU - Agrawal, Sudhanshu AU - Agrawal S AD - Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211118 PL - Switzerland TA - Int Arch Allergy Immunol JT - International archives of allergy and immunology JID - 9211652 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine/*immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology MH - *Vaccination PMC - PMC8678225 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Follicular helper T cells OT - Memory B cells OT - Memory T cells OT - Regulatory lymphocytes OT - SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cells OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/11/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/08 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/18 CRDT- 2021/11/18 20:26 PHST- 2021/09/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/18 20:26 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 000520046 [pii] AID - iaa-0001 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000520046 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2022;183(3):350-359. doi: 10.1159/000520046. Epub 2021 Nov 18. PMID- 34781736 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220105 LR - 20240923 IS - 2150-7511 (Electronic) VI - 12 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Dec 21 TI - Cross-Neutralization of Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern by Antibodies Targeting Distinct Epitopes on Spike. PG - e0297521 LID - 10.1128/mBio.02975-21 [doi] LID - e02975-21 AB - Several severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have arisen that exhibit increased viral transmissibility and partial evasion of immunity induced by natural infection and vaccination. To address the specific antibody targets that were affected by recent viral variants, we generated 43 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from 10 convalescent donors that bound three distinct domains of the SARS-CoV-2 spike. Viral variants harboring mutations at K417, E484, and N501 could escape most of the highly potent antibodies against the receptor binding domain (RBD). Despite this, we identified 12 neutralizing mAbs against three distinct regions of the spike protein that neutralize SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern (VOCs), including B.1.1.7 (alpha), P.1 (gamma), and B.1.617.2 (delta). Notably, antibodies targeting distinct epitopes could neutralize discrete variants, suggesting that different variants may have evolved to disrupt the binding of particular neutralizing antibody classes. These results underscore that humans exposed to the first pandemic wave of prototype SARS-CoV-2 possess neutralizing antibodies against current variants and that it is critical to induce antibodies targeting multiple distinct epitopes of the spike that can neutralize emerging variants of concern. IMPORTANCE We describe the binding and neutralization properties of a new set of human monoclonal antibodies derived from memory B cells of 10 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent donors in the first pandemic wave of prototype SARS-CoV-2. There were 12 antibodies targeting distinct epitopes on spike, including two sites on the RBD and one on the N-terminal domain (NTD), that displayed cross-neutralization of VOCs, for which distinct antibody targets could neutralize discrete variants. This work underlines that natural infection by SARS-CoV-2 induces effective cross-neutralization against only some VOCs and supports the need for COVID-19 vaccination for robust induction of neutralizing antibodies targeting multiple epitopes of the spike protein to combat the current SARS-CoV-2 VOCs and any others that might emerge in the future. FAU - Changrob, Siriruk AU - Changrob S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1826-4333 AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Fu, Yanbin AU - Fu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3424-4420 AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Guthmiller, Jenna J AU - Guthmiller JJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7566-3536 AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Halfmann, Peter J AU - Halfmann PJ AD - Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Li, Lei AU - Li L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8828-5199 AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Stamper, Christopher T AU - Stamper CT AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. AD - Committee on Immunology, University of Chicagogrid.170205.1, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Dugan, Haley L AU - Dugan HL AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. AD - Committee on Immunology, University of Chicagogrid.170205.1, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Accola, Molly AU - Accola M AD - UW Health Clinical Laboratories, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Rehrauer, William AU - Rehrauer W AD - UW Health Clinical Laboratories, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. FAU - Zheng, Nai-Ying AU - Zheng NY AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Huang, Min AU - Huang M AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Wang, Jiaolong AU - Wang J AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Erickson, Steven A AU - Erickson SA AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Utset, Henry A AU - Utset HA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0607-3086 AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Graves, Hortencia M AU - Graves HM AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Amanat, Fatima AU - Amanat F AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinaigrid.59734.3c, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Sather, D Noah AU - Sather DN AD - Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. AD - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. FAU - Krammer, Florian AU - Krammer F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4121-776X AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinaigrid.59734.3c, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Kawaoka, Yoshihiro AU - Kawaoka Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5061-8296 AD - Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. AD - Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Wilson, Patrick C AU - Wilson PC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3537-1245 AD - University of Chicagogrid.170205.1 Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA. AD - Committee on Immunology, University of Chicagogrid.170205.1, Chicago, Illinois, USA. LA - eng GR - #2020-215611/JPB Foundation/ GR - HHSN272201400008C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI057266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201600013C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI007090/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201400005C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - JP19fk0108113/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)/ GR - 75N93019C00051/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI082724/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI109946/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19AI082724/HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ PT - Clinical Trial, Phase I PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211116 PL - United States TA - mBio JT - mBio JID - 101519231 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM UOF - Res Sq. 2021 Jul 19:rs.3.rs-678247. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-678247/v1. PMID: 34312615 MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood/immunology MH - Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies/*blood/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Convalescence MH - Epitopes/immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neutralization Tests MH - Pandemics MH - Plasma/immunology MH - Protein Binding MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics/*immunology PMC - PMC8593667 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - humoral immunity OT - immune memory OT - infectious disease OT - monoclonal antibodies OT - single cell OT - variants of concern COIS- Several mAbs generated from this work are being used by Now Diagnostics in Springdale, AR, for the development of a diagnostic test. The University of Chicago has filed a patent application relating to anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies generated in previous work (27), with P.C.W., H.L.D., and C.T.S. as coinventors. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has filed patent applications relating to SARS-CoV-2 serological assays and NDV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, which list F.K. as a coinventor. F.A. is also listed on the serological assay patent application as a coinventor. Mount Sinai has spun out a company, Kantaro, to market serological tests for SARS-CoV-2. F.K. has consulted for Merck and Pfizer (before 2020) and is currently consulting for Pfizer, Seqirus, and Avimex. The Krammer laboratory is also collaborating with Pfizer on animal models of SARS-CoV-2. EDAT- 2021/11/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/06 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/16 CRDT- 2021/11/16 05:30 PHST- 2021/11/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/16 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - mBio02975-21 [pii] AID - mbio.02975-21 [pii] AID - 10.1128/mBio.02975-21 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - mBio. 2021 Dec 21;12(6):e0297521. doi: 10.1128/mBio.02975-21. Epub 2021 Nov 16. PMID- 34765889 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231108 IS - 2574-0954 (Electronic) IS - 2574-0954 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 4 DP - 2021 Dec TI - The microvascular hypothesis underlying neurologic manifestations of long COVID-19 and possible therapeutic strategies. PG - 193-203 LID - 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000253 [doi] AB - With the ongoing distribution of the coronavirus disease (COVID) vaccines, the pandemic of our age is ending, leaving the world to deal with its well-documented aftereffects. Long COVID comprises a variety of symptoms, of which the neurological component prevails. The most permeating theory on the genesis of these symptoms builds upon the development of microvascular dysfunction similar to that seen in numerous vascular diseases such as diabetes. This can occur through the peripheral activation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors, or through exacerbations of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can remain in circulation even after the infection diminishes. Several drugs have been identified to act on the neurovascular unit to promote repair, such as gliptins, and others. They also succeeded in improving neurologic outcome in diabetic patients. The repurposing of such drugs for treatment of long COVID-19 can possibly shorten the time to recovery of long COVID-19 syndrome. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. CN - Research Accessibility Team (RAT) LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210819 PL - United States TA - Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab JT - Cardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism JID - 101730894 PMC - PMC8575441 OTO - NOTNLM OT - long COVID-19 OT - microvascular dysfunction OT - neurologic manifestations OT - neurovascular regenerative drugs COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2021/11/13 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/13 06:01 PMCR- 2021/08/19 CRDT- 2021/11/12 07:11 PHST- 2021/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/12 07:11 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/13 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000253 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Aug 19;10(4):193-203. doi: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000253. eCollection 2021 Dec. PMID- 34765623 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240929 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2021 TI - Cognitive Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among Older Adults. PG - 756275 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2021.756275 [doi] LID - 756275 FAU - Chia, Jonathan L AU - Chia JL AD - School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Hartanto, Andree AU - Hartanto A AD - School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211026 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC8576177 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cognitive barriers OT - older adults OT - vaccine hesitancy OT - vaccine uptake COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/11/13 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/13 06:01 PMCR- 2021/10/26 CRDT- 2021/11/12 07:07 PHST- 2021/08/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/12 07:07 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/13 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2021.756275 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Oct 26;8:756275. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.756275. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34740112 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211203 LR - 20260127 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 73 DP - 2021 Nov TI - Influence of past infection with SARS-CoV-2 on the response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in health care workers: Kinetics and durability of the humoral immune response. PG - 103656 LID - S2352-3964(21)00450-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103656 [doi] LID - 103656 AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are an invaluable resource against COVID-19. Current vaccine shortage makes it necessary to prioritize distribution to the most appropriate segments of the population. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study of 63 health care workers (HCWs) from a General Hospital. We compared antibody responses to two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine between HCWs with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection (experienced HCWs) and HCWs without previous infection (naive HCWs). FINDINGS: Seven days after the first vaccine dose, HCWs with previous infection experienced a 126-fold increase in antibody levels (p<0.001). However, in the HCW naive group, response was much lower and only five showed positive antibody levels (>50 AU). After the second dose, no significant increase in antibody levels was found in experienced HCWs, whereas in naive HCWs, levels increased by 16-fold (p<0.001). Approximately two months post-vaccination, antibody levels were much lower in naive HCWs compared to experienced HCWs (p<0.001). INTERPRETATION: The study shows that at least ten months post-COVID-19 infection, the immune system is still capable of producing a rapid and powerful secondary antibody response following one single vaccine dose. Additionally, we found no further improvement in antibody response to the second dose in COVID-19 experienced HCWs. Nonetheless, two months later, antibody levels were still higher for experienced HCWs. These data suggest that immune memory persists in recovered individuals; therefore, the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in this group could be postponed until immunization of the remaining population is complete. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Ontanon, Jesus AU - Ontanon J AD - Immunology Unit, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Blas, Joaquin AU - Blas J AD - Microbiology Department, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - de Cabo, Carlos AU - de Cabo C AD - Research Department, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. Electronic address: carlosd@sescam.jccm.es. FAU - Santos, Celia AU - Santos C AD - Internal Medicine Department, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Ruiz-Escribano, Elena AU - Ruiz-Escribano E AD - Intensive Care Medicine Department, Albacete General Hospital c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Garcia, Antonio AU - Garcia A AD - Microbiology Department, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Marin, Luis AU - Marin L AD - Immunology Unit, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Saez, Lourdes AU - Saez L AD - Internal Medicine Department, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain; University of Castilla - La Mancha at Albacete, Faculty of Medicine, c/Almansa, 14, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Beato, Jose Luis AU - Beato JL AD - Internal Medicine Department, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Rada, Ramon AU - Rada R AD - Clinical Analysis Department, Albacete General Hospital c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Navarro, Laura AU - Navarro L AD - Clinical Analysis Department, Albacete General Hospital c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Sainz de Baranda, Caridad AU - Sainz de Baranda C AD - Microbiology Department, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. FAU - Solera, Javier AU - Solera J AD - Internal Medicine Department, Albacete General Hospital, c/ Hermanos Falco 37, E-02008 Albacete, Spain; University of Castilla - La Mancha at Albacete, Faculty of Medicine, c/Almansa, 14, E-02008 Albacete, Spain. Electronic address: solera53@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211030 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - BNT162 Vaccine/administration & dosage/*immunology MH - COVID-19/immunology/*pathology/prevention & control/virology MH - Health Personnel MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Linear Models MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8556513 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immune memory OT - Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccines OT - Secondary antibody response COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest We declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/11/06 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/30 CRDT- 2021/11/05 20:17 PHST- 2021/07/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/05 20:17 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(21)00450-3 [pii] AID - 103656 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103656 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2021 Nov;73:103656. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103656. Epub 2021 Oct 30. PMID- 34735684 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220323 LR - 20220716 IS - 1556-2891 (Electronic) IS - 1547-769X (Print) IS - 1547-769X (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Mar TI - Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) following recent Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination. PG - 74-79 LID - 10.1007/s12024-021-00440-7 [doi] AB - This report describes the clinical context and autopsy findings in the first reported fatal case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), developed after being vaccinated using the Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. ADEM is a rare autoimmune disease, causing demyelination in the brain and spinal cord. A wide variety of precipitating factors can trigger ADEM, and it has long been known to be a rare adverse event following some types of vaccinations. Recently, ADEM has also been associated with COVID-19 infection and (very rarely) with COVID-19 vaccination. The reports of the latter however all pertain to living patients. Our case demonstrates that ADEM should be considered in patients developing neurological symptoms post COVID-19 vaccination, although that this adverse reaction is likely to remain extremely rare. Our report further emphasizes the added value of comprehensive post mortem investigation to confirm ante mortem diagnosis and to determine vaccination safety. CI - (c) 2021. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Permezel, Fiona AU - Permezel F AD - Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia. FAU - Borojevic, Branko AU - Borojevic B AD - Department of General Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia. FAU - Lau, Stephanie AU - Lau S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8564-7142 AD - Department of Anatomical Pathology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia. FAU - de Boer, Hans H AU - de Boer HH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8590-0945 AD - Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Southbank, VIC, Australia. Hans.de.Boer@vifm.org. AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Southbank, VIC, Australia. Hans.de.Boer@vifm.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211104 PL - United States TA - Forensic Sci Med Pathol JT - Forensic science, medicine, and pathology JID - 101236111 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Brain MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - *Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated/diagnosis/etiology MH - Humans MH - Vaccination/adverse effects PMC - PMC8567127 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADEM OT - Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis OT - Adverse event OT - COVID-19 OT - Forensic pathology OT - Vaccination COIS- The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. EDAT- 2021/11/05 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/24 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/04 CRDT- 2021/11/04 17:35 PHST- 2021/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/04 17:35 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s12024-021-00440-7 [pii] AID - 440 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12024-021-00440-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2022 Mar;18(1):74-79. doi: 10.1007/s12024-021-00440-7. Epub 2021 Nov 4. PMID- 34726470 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220104 LR - 20260127 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 66 DP - 2021 Dec 24 TI - BNT162b2 vaccination induces durable SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells with a stem cell memory phenotype. PG - eabl5344 LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl5344 [doi] AB - Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is effective in preventing hospitalization from severe COVID-19. However, multiple reports of breakthrough infections and of waning antibody titers have raised concerns on the durability of the vaccine, and current vaccination strategies now propose administration of a third dose. Here, we monitored T cell responses to the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 in 71 healthy donors vaccinated with two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) for up to 6 months after vaccination. We found that vaccination induced the development of a sustained anti-viral CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response. These cells appeared before the development of high antibody titers, displayed markers of immunological maturity and stem cell memory, survived the physiological contraction of the immune response, and persisted for at least 6 months. Collectively, these data show that vaccination with BNT162b2 elicits an immunologically competent and long-lived SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell population. FAU - Guerrera, Gisella AU - Guerrera G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3467-6469 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Picozza, Mario AU - Picozza M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2529-6456 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - D'Orso, Silvia AU - D'Orso S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5294-5255 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Placido, Roberta AU - Placido R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6083-8292 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pirronello, Marta AU - Pirronello M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9907-2279 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Verdiani, Alice AU - Verdiani A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9367-9574 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Termine, Andrea AU - Termine A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4374-7430 AD - Data Science Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fabrizio, Carlo AU - Fabrizio C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7824-8423 AD - Data Science Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Giannessi, Flavia AU - Giannessi F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6125-6531 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sambucci, Manolo AU - Sambucci M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1124-7327 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Balice, Maria Pia AU - Balice MP AD - Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Caltagirone, Carlo AU - Caltagirone C AD - Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Salvia, Antonino AU - Salvia A AD - Medical Services, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Rossini, Angelo AU - Rossini A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0173-7325 AD - Medical Services, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Battistini, Luca AU - Battistini L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6488-4891 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Borsellino, Giovanna AU - Borsellino G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4227-6481 AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211224 PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) SB - IM MH - BNT162 Vaccine/*administration & dosage MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/prevention & control MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular/*drug effects MH - Male MH - Memory T Cells/*immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Stem Cells/*immunology EDAT- 2021/11/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2021/11/02 12:13 PHST- 2021/11/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/02 12:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl5344 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2021 Dec 24;6(66):eabl5344. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl5344. Epub 2021 Dec 24. PMID- 34716096 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211220 LR - 20240913 IS - 1096-3618 (Electronic) IS - 1044-5323 (Print) IS - 1044-5323 (Linking) VI - 55 DP - 2021 Jun TI - Heterologous humoral immunity to human and zoonotic coronaviruses: Aiming for the achilles heel. PG - 101507 LID - S1044-5323(21)00038-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101507 [doi] AB - Coronaviruses are evolutionarily successful RNA viruses, common to multiple avian, amphibian and mammalian hosts. Despite their ubiquity and potential impact, knowledge of host immunity to coronaviruses remains incomplete, partly owing to the lack of overt pathogenicity of endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs), which typically cause common colds. However, the need for deeper understanding became pressing with the zoonotic introduction of three novel coronaviruses in the past two decades, causing severe acute respiratory syndromes in humans, and the unfolding pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This renewed interest not only triggered the discovery of two of the four HCoVs, but also uncovered substantial cellular and humoral cross-reactivity with shared or related coronaviral antigens. Here, we review the evidence for cross-reactive B cell memory elicited by HCoVs and its potential impact on the puzzlingly variable outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The available data indicate targeting of highly conserved regions primarily in the S2 subunits of the spike glycoproteins of HCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 by cross-reactive B cells and antibodies. Rare monoclonal antibodies reactive with conserved S2 epitopes and with potent virus neutralising activity have been cloned, underscoring the potential functional relevance of cross-reactivity. We discuss B cell and antibody cross-reactivity in the broader context of heterologous humoral immunity to coronaviruses, as well as the limits of protective immune memory against homologous re-infection. Given the bidirectional nature of cross-reactivity, the unprecedented current vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2 is expected to impact HCoVs, as well as future zoonotic coronaviruses attempting to cross the species barrier. However, emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants with resistance to neutralisation by vaccine-induced antibodies highlight a need for targeting more constrained, less mutable parts of the spike. The delineation of such cross-reactive areas, which humoral immunity can be trained to attack, may offer the key to permanently shifting the balance of our interaction with current and future coronaviruses in our favour. CI - Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Ng, Kevin W AU - Ng KW AD - Retroviral Immunology Laboratory, London, NW1 1AT, UK. FAU - Faulkner, Nikhil AU - Faulkner N AD - Retroviral Immunology Laboratory, London, NW1 1AT, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK. FAU - Wrobel, Antoni G AU - Wrobel AG AD - Structural Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK. FAU - Gamblin, Steve J AU - Gamblin SJ AD - Structural Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK. FAU - Kassiotis, George AU - Kassiotis G AD - Retroviral Immunology Laboratory, London, NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Infectious Disease, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK. Electronic address: george.kassiotis@crick.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20211025 PL - England TA - Semin Immunol JT - Seminars in immunology JID - 9009458 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - *SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8542444 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibodies OT - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) OT - Heterologous immunity OT - Heterotypic immunity OT - Human coronaviruses OT - Humoral immunity OT - Immunological memory OT - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) COIS- The authors report no declarations of interest. EDAT- 2021/10/31 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/21 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/25 CRDT- 2021/10/30 05:36 PHST- 2021/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/30 05:36 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1044-5323(21)00038-5 [pii] AID - 101507 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101507 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Semin Immunol. 2021 Jun;55:101507. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101507. Epub 2021 Oct 25. PMID- 34711489 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211220 LR - 20221221 IS - 1096-3618 (Electronic) IS - 1044-5323 (Print) IS - 1044-5323 (Linking) VI - 55 DP - 2021 Jun TI - T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2. PG - 101505 LID - S1044-5323(21)00036-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101505 [doi] AB - Exceptional efforts have been undertaken to shed light into the biology of adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. T cells occupy a central role in adaptive immunity to mediate helper functions to different arms of the immune system and are fundamental to mediate protection, control, and clearance of most viral infections. Even though many questions remain unsolved, there is a growing literature linking specific T cell characteristics to differential COVID-19 severity and vaccine outcome. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses in acute and convalescent COVID-19. Further, we discuss the T cell literature coupled to pre-existing immunity and vaccines and highlight the need to look beyond blood to fully understand how T cells function in the tissue space. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Niessl, Julia AU - Niessl J AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Sekine, Takuya AU - Sekine T AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Buggert, Marcus AU - Buggert M AD - Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: marcus.buggert@ki.se. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20211021 PL - England TA - Semin Immunol JT - Seminars in immunology JID - 9009458 SB - IM MH - Adaptive Immunity MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8529278 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Memory T cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine COIS- M.B. is a consultant for Oxford Immunotec. All other authors report no competing interest. EDAT- 2021/10/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/21 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/21 CRDT- 2021/10/29 05:45 PHST- 2021/08/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/29 05:45 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1044-5323(21)00036-1 [pii] AID - 101505 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101505 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Semin Immunol. 2021 Jun;55:101505. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101505. Epub 2021 Oct 21. PMID- 34696311 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231107 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 10 DP - 2021 Oct 19 TI - Differences in Sources of Information, Risk Perception, and Cognitive Appraisals between People with Various Latent Classes of Motivation to Get Vaccinated against COVID-19 and Previous Seasonal Influenza Vaccination: Facebook Survey Study with Latent Profile Analysis in Taiwan. LID - 10.3390/vaccines9101203 [doi] LID - 1203 AB - The present study aimed (1) to identify distinct latent classes of motivation to get vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and previous seasonal influenza vaccination among people in Taiwan and (2) to examine the roles of sources of information, risk perception, and cognitive appraisals of vaccination against COVID-19 in these classes. We recruited 1047 participants through a Facebook advertisement. The participants' motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19, previous seasonal influenza vaccination, sources of information about COVID-19 vaccination, risk perception of COVID-19, and cognitive appraisals of vaccination against COVID-19 were determined. We examined the participants' motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and previous seasonal influenza vaccination through latent profile analysis. Four latent classes of motivation were identified: participants with high motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and high seasonal influenza vaccination, those with high motivation for COVID-19 vaccination but low seasonal influenza vaccination, those with low motivation for COVID-19 vaccination but high seasonal influenza vaccination, and those with low motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and low seasonal influenza vaccination. Compared with participants in the latent class of high motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and high seasonal influenza vaccination, those in the other three latent classes had lower levels of positive appraisals of COVID-19 vaccination; participants in the latent class of low motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and low seasonal influenza vaccination had lower risk perception of COVID-19 and were also less likely to obtain information about COVID-19 vaccination from the internet, friends, and family members. The various motivations and behaviors for vaccination, sources of information, risk perception, and cognitive appraisals of vaccination against COVID-19 should be considered in intervention programs aiming to increase people's motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19. FAU - Chen, Yi-Lung AU - Chen YL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2934-5814 AD - Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. AD - Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. FAU - Lin, Yen-Ju AU - Lin YJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. FAU - Chang, Yu-Ping AU - Chang YP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2328-6876 AD - School of Nursing, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, New York, NY 14214-8013, USA. FAU - Chou, Wen-Jiun AU - Chou WJ AD - School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan. FAU - Yen, Cheng-Fang AU - Yen CF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1156-4939 AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. AD - College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan. LA - eng GR - UL1 TR001412/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - KMUH109-9M54/Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211019 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC8538554 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - motivation OT - seasonal influenza OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/10/27 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/27 06:01 PMCR- 2021/10/19 CRDT- 2021/10/26 01:02 PHST- 2021/09/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/26 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines9101203 [pii] AID - vaccines-09-01203 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines9101203 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Oct 19;9(10):1203. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9101203. PMID- 34696278 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20211029 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 10 DP - 2021 Oct 12 TI - Cognitive Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions: An Application of the Protection Motivation Theory Using a Probability Community Sample. LID - 10.3390/vaccines9101170 [doi] LID - 1170 AB - COVID-19 vaccines have been shown to provide protection against severe disease and death. However, substantial individual differences in vaccination intentions have hindered achieving optimal vaccination rates across the population. To look for efficient strategies to promote vaccination, this study tested whether the protection motivation theory (PMT), a cognitive model based upon threat and coping appraisals, would account for the differences in vaccination intentions under three scenarios (i.e., in the context of getting vaccinated in general, and in the context of high- and low- efficacy for reducing COVID-19 transmission risk). A phone survey was conducted in early 2021 and obtained a probability community sample (n = 472; 49.2% men) in Macao, China. We found that 54.0% of respondents indicated their relatively strong intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination for high-efficacy vaccines, compared to 29.5% for low-efficacy vaccines and 31.0% for vaccines in general. After adjusting for demographics, self-efficacy (i.e., the perceived capability of receiving COVID-19 vaccines) and maladaptive response reward (i.e., the perceived benefits of not receiving COVID-19 vaccines) were consistently associated with COVID-19 vaccination intentions under all three scenarios. The perceived severity of COVID-19 infection and response cost (i.e., the perceived costs of receiving COVID-19 vaccines) were significantly associated with vaccination intention for high-efficacy vaccines, while the response efficacy of lowering the COVID-19 impact with COVID-19 vaccination was positively associated with vaccination intention for general and low-efficacy vaccines. Given that the relative strength of PMT constructs depends on perceived vaccine efficacy, we recommend taking PMT constructs and vaccine efficacy into account for encouraging vaccination. FAU - Tong, Kwok Kit AU - Tong KK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8594-9300 AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China. FAU - He, Mu AU - He M AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China. FAU - Wu, Anise M S AU - Wu AMS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8174-6581 AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China. AD - Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China. FAU - Dang, Le AU - Dang L AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China. AD - Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China. AD - Faculty of Teacher Education, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China. FAU - Chen, Juliet Honglei AU - Chen JH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6564-5390 AD - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China. AD - Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China. LA - eng GR - MYRG2019-00125-FSS/Universidade de Macau/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211012 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC8537765 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - intention OT - protection motivation theory OT - vaccine acceptance OT - vaccine efficacy COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/10/27 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/27 06:01 PMCR- 2021/10/12 CRDT- 2021/10/26 01:02 PHST- 2021/08/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/26 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines9101170 [pii] AID - vaccines-09-01170 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines9101170 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Oct 12;9(10):1170. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9101170. PMID- 34695490 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220114 LR - 20260518 IS - 1097-6825 (Electronic) IS - 0091-6749 (Print) IS - 0091-6749 (Linking) VI - 149 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan TI - SARS-CoV-2-specific B- and T-cell immunity in a population-based study of young Swedish adults. PG - 65-75.e8 LID - S0091-6749(21)01626-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.014 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Young adults are now considered major spreaders of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. Although most young individuals experience mild to moderate disease, there are concerns of long-term adverse health effects. The impact of COVID-19 disease and to which extent population-level immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exists in young adults remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a population-based study on humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and explored COVID-19 disease characteristics in young adults. METHODS: We invited participants from the Swedish BAMSE (Barn [Children], Allergy Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology) birth cohort (age 24-27 years) to take part in a COVID-19 follow-up. From 980 participants (October 2020 to June 2021), we here present data on SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain-specific IgM, IgA, and IgG titers measured by ELISA and on symptoms and epidemiologic factors associated with seropositivity. Further, SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B- and T-cell responses were detected for a subpopulation (n = 108) by ELISpot and FluoroSpot. RESULTS: A total of 28.4% of subjects were seropositive, of whom 18.4% were IgM single positive. One in 7 seropositive subjects was asymptomatic. Seropositivity was associated with use of public transport, but not with sex, asthma, rhinitis, IgE sensitization, smoking, or body mass index. In a subset of representative samples, 20.7% and 35.0% had detectable SARS-CoV-2 specific B- and T-cell responses, respectively. B- and T-cell memory responses were clearly associated with seropositivity, but T-cell responses were also detected in 17.2% of seronegative subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of IgM and T-cell responses may improve population-based estimations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The pronounced surge of both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections among young adults indicates that the large-scale vaccination campaign should be continued. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Bjorkander, Sophia AU - Bjorkander S AD - Department of Clinical Science and Education, Sodersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Du, Likun AU - Du L AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Zuo, Fanglei AU - Zuo F AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Ekstrom, Sandra AU - Ekstrom S AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Wang, Yating AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Wan, Hui AU - Wan H AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Sherina, Natalia AU - Sherina N AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Schoutens, Lisanne AU - Schoutens L AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Andrell, Juni AU - Andrell J AD - Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Andersson, Niklas AU - Andersson N AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Georgelis, Antonios AU - Georgelis A AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Bergstrom, Anna AU - Bergstrom A AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Marcotte, Harold AU - Marcotte H AD - Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Kull, Inger AU - Kull I AD - Department of Clinical Science and Education, Sodersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Hammarstrom, Lennart AU - Hammarstrom L AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Melen, Erik AU - Melen E AD - Department of Clinical Science and Education, Sodersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: erik.melen@ki.se. FAU - Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang AU - Pan-Hammarstrom Q AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. Electronic address: qiang.pan-hammarstrom@ki.se. CN - BAMSE COVID-19 study group LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211023 PL - United States TA - J Allergy Clin Immunol JT - The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology JID - 1275002 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Birth Cohort MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Female MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Cellular MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - Male MH - Memory B Cells/*immunology MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Sweden MH - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology PMC - PMC8536496 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 disease OT - IgA OT - IgG OT - IgM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - asthma OT - memory B cells OT - memory T cells OT - population-based cohort OT - risk factors OT - young adults FIR - Almqvist, Catarina IR - Almqvist C FIR - Andersson, Niklas IR - Andersson N FIR - Ballardini, Natalia IR - Ballardini N FIR - Bergstrom, Anna IR - Bergstrom A FIR - Bjorkander, Sophia IR - Bjorkander S FIR - Brodin, Petter IR - Brodin P FIR - Castel, Anna IR - Castel A FIR - Ekstrom, Sandra IR - Ekstrom S FIR - Georgelis, Antonios IR - Georgelis A FIR - Hammarstrom, Lennart IR - Hammarstrom L FIR - Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang IR - Pan-Hammarstrom Q FIR - Hallberg, Jenny IR - Hallberg J FIR - Jansson, Christer IR - Jansson C FIR - Kere, Maura IR - Kere M FIR - Kull, Inger IR - Kull I FIR - Lauber, Andre IR - Lauber A FIR - Lovquist, Alexandra IR - Lovquist A FIR - Melen, Erik IR - Melen E FIR - Mjosberg, Jenny IR - Mjosberg J FIR - Mogensen, Ida IR - Mogensen I FIR - Palmberg, Lena IR - Palmberg L FIR - Pershagen, Goran IR - Pershagen G FIR - Roxhed, Niclas IR - Roxhed N FIR - Schwenk, Jochen IR - Schwenk J EDAT- 2021/10/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/23 CRDT- 2021/10/25 20:12 PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/25 20:12 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0091-6749(21)01626-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.014 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022 Jan;149(1):65-75.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.014. Epub 2021 Oct 23. PMID- 34685521 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211115 LR - 20260127 IS - 2073-4409 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4409 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 10 DP - 2021 Sep 26 TI - Highly Specific Memory B Cells Generation after the 2nd Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine Compensate for the Decline of Serum Antibodies and Absence of Mucosal IgA. LID - 10.3390/cells10102541 [doi] LID - 2541 AB - Specific memory B cells and antibodies are a reliable read-out of vaccine efficacy. We analysed these biomarkers after one and two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. The second dose significantly increases the level of highly specific memory B cells and antibodies. Two months after the second dose, specific antibody levels decline, but highly specific memory B cells continue to increase, thus predicting a sustained protection from COVID-19. We show that although mucosal IgA is not induced by the vaccination, memory B cells migrate in response to inflammation and secrete IgA at mucosal sites. We show that the first vaccine dose may lead to an insufficient number of highly specific memory B cells and low concentration of serum antibodies, thus leaving vaccinees without the immune robustness needed to ensure viral elimination and herd immunity. We also clarify that the reduction of serum antibodies does not diminish the force and duration of the immune protection induced by vaccination. The vaccine does not induce sterilizing immunity. Infection after vaccination may be caused by the lack of local preventive immunity because of the absence of mucosal IgA. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0054-4732 AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo,15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Russo, Cristina AU - Russo C AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Vinci, Maria Rosaria AU - Vinci MR AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Health Directorate, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Terreri, Sara AU - Terreri S AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo,15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Fernandez Salinas, Ane AU - Fernandez Salinas A AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo,15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Universita, 37, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Piccioni, Livia AU - Piccioni L AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Alteri, Claudia AU - Alteri C AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo,15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via festa del Perdono, 7, 20122 Milan, Italy. FAU - Colagrossi, Luna AU - Colagrossi L AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Coltella, Luana AU - Coltella L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4933-4242 AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Ranno, Stefania AU - Ranno S AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Linardos, Giulia AU - Linardos G AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Agosta, Marilena AU - Agosta M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6017-3232 AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Albano, Christian AU - Albano C AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo,15, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Agrati, Chiara AU - Agrati C AD - National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 2, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Castilletti, Concetta AU - Castilletti C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9819-236X AD - National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 2, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Meschi, Silvia AU - Meschi S AD - National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 2, 00146 Rome, Italy. FAU - Romania, Paolo AU - Romania P AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo,15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Universita, 37, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Roscilli, Giuseppe AU - Roscilli G AD - Takis s.r.l., Via di Castel Romano, 100, 00128 Rome, Italy. FAU - Pavoni, Emiliano AU - Pavoni E AD - Takis s.r.l., Via di Castel Romano, 100, 00128 Rome, Italy. FAU - Camisa, Vincenzo AU - Camisa V AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Health Directorate, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Santoro, Annapaola AU - Santoro A AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Health Directorate, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Brugaletta, Rita AU - Brugaletta R AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Health Directorate, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Magnavita, Nicola AU - Magnavita N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0988-7344 AD - Section of Occupational Medicine and Labor Law, Post-Graduate School of Occupational Health, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Woman, Child & Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Via della Pineta Sacchetti, 217, 00168 Rome, Italy. FAU - Ruggiero, Alessandra AU - Ruggiero A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1041-7489 AD - Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Via San Francesco, 22, 37129 Verona, Italy. FAU - Cotugno, Nicola AU - Cotugno N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7748-1581 AD - Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Amodio, Donato AU - Amodio D AD - Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Ciofi Degli Atti, Marta Luisa AU - Ciofi Degli Atti ML AD - Clinical Pathways and Epidemiology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Giorgio, Daniela AU - Giorgio D AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Human Milk Bank, Department of Neonatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCSS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Russo, Nicoletta AU - Russo N AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Human Milk Bank, Department of Neonatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCSS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Salvatori, Guglielmo AU - Salvatori G AD - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Human Milk Bank, Department of Neonatology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCSS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Corsetti, Tiziana AU - Corsetti T AD - Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Locatelli, Franco AU - Locatelli F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7976-3654 AD - Department of Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome, Viale dell'Universita, 37, 00185 Rome, Italy. FAU - Perno, Carlo Federico AU - Perno CF AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo,15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Zaffina, Salvatore AU - Zaffina S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8858-5423 AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Health Directorate, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo,15, 00146 Rome, Italy. AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - RF2013-02358960 grant/Italian Ministry of Health/ GR - COVID-2020-12371817 grant/Italian Ministry of Health/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210926 PL - Switzerland TA - Cells JT - Cells JID - 101600052 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - Antigens, Viral/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/*cytology/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - COVID-19/*immunology/*prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*therapeutic use MH - Cryopreservation MH - Female MH - Health Personnel MH - Healthy Volunteers MH - Hospitals, Pediatric MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin A/*immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - Immunoglobulin M/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Lactation MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Mucous Membrane/immunology MH - Patient Safety MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8533837 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 OT - IgA OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - immunity OT - memory B cells OT - vaccine COIS- Authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/10/24 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/16 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/26 CRDT- 2021/10/23 01:22 PHST- 2021/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/23 01:22 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cells10102541 [pii] AID - cells-10-02541 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cells10102541 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cells. 2021 Sep 26;10(10):2541. doi: 10.3390/cells10102541. PMID- 34669144 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211130 LR - 20220309 IS - 1573-2592 (Electronic) IS - 0271-9142 (Print) IS - 0271-9142 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 8 DP - 2021 Nov TI - SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Induced Atypical Immune Responses in Antibody Defects: Everybody Does their Best. PG - 1709-1722 LID - 10.1007/s10875-021-01133-0 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Data on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies (PAD) are limited to infected patients and to heterogeneous cohorts after immunization. METHODS: Forty-one patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiencies (CVID), six patients with X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (XLA), and 28 healthy age-matched controls (HD) were analyzed for anti-Spike and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody production, generation of Spike-specific memory B-cells, and Spike-specific T-cells before vaccination and one week after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine. RESULTS: The vaccine induced Spike-specific IgG and IgA antibody responses in all HD and in 20% of SARS-CoV-2 naive CVID patients. Anti-Spike IgG were detectable before vaccination in 4 out 7 CVID previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and were boosted in six out of seven patients by the subsequent immunization raising higher levels than patients naive to infection. While HD generated Spike-specific memory B-cells, and RBD-specific B-cells, CVID generated Spike-specific atypical B-cells, while RBD-specific B-cells were undetectable in all patients, indicating the incapability to generate this new specificity. Specific T-cell responses were evident in all HD and defective in 30% of CVID. All but one patient with XLA responded by specific T-cell only. CONCLUSION: In PAD patients, early atypical immune responses after BNT162b2 immunization occurred, possibly by extra-follicular or incomplete germinal center reactions. If these responses to vaccination might result in a partial protection from infection or reinfection is now unknown. Our data suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection more effectively primes the immune response than the immunization alone, possibly suggesting the need for a third vaccine dose for patients not previously infected. CI - (c) 2021. The Author(s). FAU - Salinas, Ane Fernandez AU - Salinas AF AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell'Universita, 37, Rome, Italy. AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale Di San Paolo, 15, Rome, Italy. FAU - Mortari, Eva Piano AU - Mortari EP AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale Di San Paolo, 15, Rome, Italy. FAU - Terreri, Sara AU - Terreri S AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale Di San Paolo, 15, Rome, Italy. FAU - Quintarelli, Concetta AU - Quintarelli C AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Pulvirenti, Federica AU - Pulvirenti F AD - Regional Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy. FAU - Di Cecca, Stefano AU - Di Cecca S AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Guercio, Marika AU - Guercio M AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Milito, Cinzia AU - Milito C AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell'Universita, 37, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bonanni, Livia AU - Bonanni L AD - Regional Reference Centre for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy. FAU - Auria, Stefania AU - Auria S AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell'Universita, 37, Rome, Italy. FAU - Romaggioli, Laura AU - Romaggioli L AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell'Universita, 37, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cusano, Giuseppina AU - Cusano G AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell'Universita, 37, Rome, Italy. FAU - Albano, Christian AU - Albano C AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale Di San Paolo, 15, Rome, Italy. FAU - Zaffina, Salvatore AU - Zaffina S AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15, Rome, Italy. AD - Health Directorate, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, Rome, Italy. FAU - Perno, Carlo Federico AU - Perno CF AD - Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, Rome, Italy. AD - Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, Rome, Italy. FAU - Spadaro, Giuseppe AU - Spadaro G AD - Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Locatelli, Franco AU - Locatelli F AD - Department Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Dipartimento Materno-Infantile E Scienze Urologiche, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale Di San Paolo, 15, Rome, Italy. AD - Diagnostic Immunology Clinical Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale Di San Paolo,15, Rome, Italy. FAU - Quinti, Isabella AU - Quinti I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3328-7584 AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell'Universita, 37, Rome, Italy. isabella.quinti@uniroma1.it. LA - eng GR - RF2013-02358960/ministero della salute/ GR - COVID-2020-12371817/ministero della salute/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211020 PL - Netherlands TA - J Clin Immunol JT - Journal of clinical immunology JID - 8102137 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood MH - COVID-19/*prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Lymphocytes/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC8527979 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 vaccine OT - COVID-19 OT - Common variable immune deficiencies OT - Memory cells OT - Primary antibody deficiencies OT - Receptor-binding-domain OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Spike protein OT - X-linked agammaglobulinemia COIS- Authors declare that they have no conflict interest. EDAT- 2021/10/21 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/01 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/20 CRDT- 2021/10/20 12:33 PHST- 2021/06/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/20 12:33 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10875-021-01133-0 [pii] AID - 1133 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10875-021-01133-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Immunol. 2021 Nov;41(8):1709-1722. doi: 10.1007/s10875-021-01133-0. Epub 2021 Oct 20. PMID- 34650563 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211025 LR - 20260127 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - Evidence of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Memory B Cells Six Months After Vaccination With the BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine. PG - 740708 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.740708 [doi] LID - 740708 AB - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have demonstrated high efficacy and immunogenicity, but limited information is currently available on memory B cell generation and long-term persistence. Here, we investigated spike-specific memory B cells and humoral responses in 145 subjects, up to 6 months after the BNT162b2 vaccine (Comirnaty) administration. Spike-specific antibodies peaked 7 days after the second dose and significant antibody titers and ACE2/RBD binding inhibiting activity were still observed after 6 months, despite a progressive decline over time. Concomitant to antibody reduction, spike-specific memory B cells, mostly IgG class-switched, increased in the blood of vaccinees and persisted 6 months after vaccination. Following the in vitro restimulation, circulating memory B cells reactivated and produced spike-specific antibodies. A high frequency of spike-specific IgG(+) plasmablasts, identified by computational analysis 7 days after boost, positively correlated with the generation of IgG(+) memory B cells at 6 months. These data demonstrate that mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine elicits strong B cell immunity with spike-specific memory B cells that still persist 6 months after vaccination, playing a crucial role for a rapid response to SARS-CoV-2 virus encounter. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Ciabattini, Pastore, Fiorino, Polvere, Lucchesi, Pettini, Auddino, Rancan, Durante, Miscia, Rossetti, Fabbiani, Montagnani and Medaglini. FAU - Ciabattini, Annalisa AU - Ciabattini A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Pastore, Gabiria AU - Pastore G AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fiorino, Fabio AU - Fiorino F AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Polvere, Jacopo AU - Polvere J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Lucchesi, Simone AU - Lucchesi S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Pettini, Elena AU - Pettini E AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Auddino, Stefano AU - Auddino S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Rancan, Ilaria AU - Rancan I AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Durante, Miriam AU - Durante M AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Miscia, Michele AU - Miscia M AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Rossetti, Barbara AU - Rossetti B AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Fabbiani, Massimiliano AU - Fabbiani M AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Montagnani, Francesca AU - Montagnani F AD - Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy. FAU - Medaglini, Donata AU - Medaglini D AD - Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210928 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - Antigens, Viral/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - COVID-19/*prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*administration & dosage MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Vaccines, Synthetic/*administration & dosage MH - Young Adult MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC8505800 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 vaccine OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory B cells OT - vaccination COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/10/16 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/26 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/28 CRDT- 2021/10/15 06:35 PHST- 2021/07/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/15 06:35 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.740708 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2021 Sep 28;12:740708. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.740708. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34648302 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211209 LR - 20240926 IS - 1095-9203 (Electronic) IS - 0036-8075 (Print) IS - 0036-8075 (Linking) VI - 374 IP - 6572 DP - 2021 Dec 3 TI - mRNA vaccines induce durable immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern. PG - abm0829 LID - 10.1126/science.abm0829 [doi] LID - abm0829 AB - The durability of immune memory after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccination remains unclear. In this study, we longitudinally profiled vaccine responses in SARS-CoV-2-naive and -recovered individuals for 6 months after vaccination. Antibodies declined from peak levels but remained detectable in most subjects at 6 months. By contrast, mRNA vaccines generated functional memory B cells that increased from 3 to 6 months postvaccination, with the majority of these cells cross-binding the Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants. mRNA vaccination further induced antigen-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, and early CD4(+) T cell responses correlated with long-term humoral immunity. Recall responses to vaccination in individuals with preexisting immunity primarily increased antibody levels without substantially altering antibody decay rates. Together, these findings demonstrate robust cellular immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and its variants for at least 6 months after mRNA vaccination. FAU - Goel, Rishi R AU - Goel RR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1715-5191 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Painter, Mark M AU - Painter MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0180-2748 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Apostolidis, Sokratis A AU - Apostolidis SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0224-0097 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Mathew, Divij AU - Mathew D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8323-7358 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Meng, Wenzhao AU - Meng W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8040-7825 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Rosenfeld, Aaron M AU - Rosenfeld AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2266-0355 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Lundgreen, Kendall A AU - Lundgreen KA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2431-7152 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Reynaldi, Arnold AU - Reynaldi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5529-5542 AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Khoury, David S AU - Khoury DS AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Pattekar, Ajinkya AU - Pattekar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1416-1230 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Gouma, Sigrid AU - Gouma S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7853-8340 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia AU - Kuri-Cervantes L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2432-9500 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Hicks, Philip AU - Hicks P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1574-5692 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Dysinger, Sarah AU - Dysinger S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0687-0018 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Hicks, Amanda AU - Hicks A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3496-1745 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Sharma, Harsh AU - Sharma H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2905-0266 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Herring, Sarah AU - Herring S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5685-0854 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Korte, Scott AU - Korte S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0214-3374 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Baxter, Amy E AU - Baxter AE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1555-0713 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Oldridge, Derek A AU - Oldridge DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2177-5633 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Giles, Josephine R AU - Giles JR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3713-338X AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Weirick, Madison E AU - Weirick ME AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2112-8102 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - McAllister, Christopher M AU - McAllister CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0011-4089 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Awofolaju, Moses AU - Awofolaju M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9281-6036 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Tanenbaum, Nicole AU - Tanenbaum N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0626-2821 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Drapeau, Elizabeth M AU - Drapeau EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8243-6478 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Dougherty, Jeanette AU - Dougherty J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9400-6240 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Long, Sherea AU - Long S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8508-8333 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - D'Andrea, Kurt AU - D'Andrea K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7005-3800 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Hamilton, Jacob T AU - Hamilton JT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1277-6925 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - McLaughlin, Maura AU - McLaughlin M AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Williams, Justine C AU - Williams JC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8552-6447 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Adamski, Sharon AU - Adamski S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5933-5292 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Kuthuru, Oliva AU - Kuthuru O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9435-9764 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. CN - UPenn COVID Processing Unitdouble dagger FAU - Frank, Ian AU - Frank I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7824-0106 AD - Division of Infectious Disease, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Betts, Michael R AU - Betts MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7690-1484 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Vella, Laura A AU - Vella LA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8917-4845 AD - Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2209-5966 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2968-7371 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7013-2250 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Hensley, Scott E AU - Hensley SE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2928-7506 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Davenport, Miles P AU - Davenport MP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4751-1831 AD - Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Bates, Paul AU - Bates P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3918-5976 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Luning Prak, Eline T AU - Luning Prak ET AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9478-9211 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Greenplate, Allison R AU - Greenplate AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2614-3072 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Wherry, E John AU - Wherry EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0477-1956 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. LA - eng GR - T32 AR076951/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI142638/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI152236/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI070077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 CA009140/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AI045008/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI082630/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R38 HL143613/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI108545/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI105343/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI055400/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI155577/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI149680/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211203 PL - United States TA - Science JT - Science (New York, N.Y.) JID - 0404511 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2021 Aug 23:2021.08.23.457229. doi: 10.1101/2021.08.23.457229. PMID: 34462751 CIN - Immunol Cell Biol. 2022 Jan;100(1):15-17. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12511. PMID: 34865234 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2/*genetics/*immunology MH - mRNA Vaccines/*immunology PMC - PMC9284784 MID - NIHMS1819710 EDAT- 2021/10/15 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2024/01/04 CRDT- 2021/10/14 17:13 PHST- 2021/10/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/14 17:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - abm0829 [pii] AID - 10.1126/science.abm0829 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Science. 2021 Dec 3;374(6572):abm0829. doi: 10.1126/science.abm0829. Epub 2021 Dec 3. PMID- 34627082 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211111 LR - 20261001 IS - 2352-3964 (Electronic) IS - 2352-3964 (Linking) VI - 72 DP - 2021 Oct TI - Immunogenic T cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 are recognized by circulating memory and naive CD8 T cells of unexposed individuals. PG - 103610 LID - S2352-3964(21)00403-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103610 [doi] LID - 103610 AB - BACKGROUND: Recent studies have provided evidence of T cell reactivity to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in significant numbers of non-infected individuals, which has been attributed to cross-reactive CD4 memory T cells from previous exposure to seasonal coronaviruses. Less evidence of cross-reactive memory CD8 T cells has been documented to date. METHODS: We used the NetCTLPan neural network of the Epitope Database and Analysis Resource to select a series of 27 HLA-A*02:01 epitopes derived from the proteome of SARS-CoV-2. Their binding capacity was assessed by a HLA-A*02:01 stabilization assay and by quantifying their binding to HLA-A*02:01 monomers for the generation of tetramers. Their ability to stimulate and induce expansion of SARS-CoV-2 reactive CD8 T cells was measured by flow cytometry. The TCR repertoire of COVID convalescent and healthy unexposed donors was analysed using the MIRA database. FINDINGS: The HLA-A*02:01 epitopes tested were able to stabilise HLA molecules and induce activation of CD8 T cells of healthy unexposed donors. Our results, based on specific tetramer binding, provide evidence supporting the presence of frequent cross-reactive CD8 T cells to SARS-CoV-2 antigens in non-exposed individuals. Interestingly, the reactive cells were distributed into naive, memory and effector subsets. INTERPRETATION: Our data are consistent with a significant proportion of the reactive CD8 T clones belonging to the public shared repertoire, readily available in absence of previous contact with closely related coronaviruses. Furthermore, we demonstrate the immunogenic capacity of long peptides carrying T cell epitopes, which can serve to isolate virus-specific T cell receptors among the ample repertoire of healthy unexposed subjects and could have application in COVID-19 immunotherapy. Limitations of our study are that it concentrated on one MHC I allele (HLA-A*02:01) and the low numbers of samples and epitopes tested. FUNDING: See the Acknowledgements section. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Quiros-Fernandez, Isaac AU - Quiros-Fernandez I AD - Targeted Tumor Vaccines Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Poorebrahim, Mansour AU - Poorebrahim M AD - Targeted Tumor Vaccines Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Fakhr, Elham AU - Fakhr E AD - Targeted Tumor Vaccines Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Cid-Arregui, Angel AU - Cid-Arregui A AD - Targeted Tumor Vaccines Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: a.cid@dkfz-heidelberg.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211006 PL - Netherlands TA - EBioMedicine JT - EBioMedicine JID - 101647039 RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell) SB - IM MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Computer Simulation MH - Cross Reactions MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunotherapy MH - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology PMC - PMC8493415 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8 memory T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell epitopes OT - immunotherapy OT - pre-existing cross-reactivity OT - vaccine COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/10/10 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/12 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/06 CRDT- 2021/10/09 20:29 PHST- 2021/07/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/09 20:29 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-3964(21)00403-5 [pii] AID - 103610 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103610 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - EBioMedicine. 2021 Oct;72:103610. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103610. Epub 2021 Oct 6. PMID- 34614412 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211223 LR - 20260127 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 12 DP - 2021 Dec 14 TI - mRNA vaccination of naive and COVID-19-recovered individuals elicits potent memory B cells that recognize SARS-CoV-2 variants. PG - 2893-2907.e5 LID - S1074-7613(21)00396-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.09.011 [doi] AB - In addition to serum immunoglobulins, memory B cell (MBC) generation against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is another layer of immune protection, but the quality of MBC responses in naive and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-recovered individuals after vaccination remains ill defined. We studied longitudinal cohorts of naive and disease-recovered individuals for up to 2 months after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. We assessed the quality of the memory response by analysis of antibody repertoires, affinity, and neutralization against variants of concern (VOCs) using unbiased cultures of 2,452 MBCs. Upon boosting, the MBC pool of recovered individuals expanded selectively, matured further, and harbored potent neutralizers against VOCs. Although naive individuals had weaker neutralizing serum responses, half of their RBD-specific MBCs displayed high affinity toward multiple VOCs, including delta (B.1.617.2), and one-third retained neutralizing potency against beta (B.1.351). Our data suggest that an additional challenge in naive vaccinees could recall such affinity-matured MBCs and allow them to respond efficiently to VOCs. CI - Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Sokal, Aurelien AU - Sokal A AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Barba-Spaeth, Giovanna AU - Barba-Spaeth G AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris, Unite de Virologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris 75015, France. FAU - Fernandez, Ignacio AU - Fernandez I AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris, Unite de Virologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris 75015, France. FAU - Broketa, Matteo AU - Broketa M AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris, INSERM UMR 1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris 75015, France; Sorbonne Universite, College doctoral, Paris 75005, France. FAU - Azzaoui, Imane AU - Azzaoui I AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, Equipe 2, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - de La Selle, Andrea AU - de La Selle A AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Vandenberghe, Alexis AU - Vandenberghe A AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, Equipe 2, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Fourati, Slim AU - Fourati S AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, Equipe 18, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Roeser, Anais AU - Roeser A AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Meola, Annalisa AU - Meola A AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris, Unite de Virologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris 75015, France. FAU - Bouvier-Alias, Magali AU - Bouvier-Alias M AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, Equipe 18, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Crickx, Etienne AU - Crickx E AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Languille, Laetitia AU - Languille L AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Michel, Marc AU - Michel M AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Godeau, Bertrand AU - Godeau B AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Gallien, Sebastien AU - Gallien S AD - Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Melica, Giovanna AU - Melica G AD - Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Nguyen, Yann AU - Nguyen Y AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Hopital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite de Paris, Clichy, France. FAU - Zarrouk, Virginie AU - Zarrouk V AD - Service de Medecine Interne, Hopital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite de Paris, Clichy, France. FAU - Canoui-Poitrine, Florence AU - Canoui-Poitrine F AD - Departement de Sante Publique, Unite de Recherche Clinique (URC), CEpiA (Clinical Epidemiology and Ageing), EA 7376, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Pirenne, France AU - Pirenne F AD - INSERM U955, Equipe 2, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; Etablissement Francais du Sang (EFS) Ile de France, Creteil, France. FAU - Megret, Jerome AU - Megret J AD - Plateforme de Cytometrie en Flux, Structure Federative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24-CNRS UMS3633, Paris, France. FAU - Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel AU - Pawlotsky JM AD - Departement de Virologie, Bacteriologie, Hygiene et Mycologie-Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, Equipe 18, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. FAU - Fillatreau, Simon AU - Fillatreau S AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. FAU - Bruhns, Pierre AU - Bruhns P AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris, INSERM UMR 1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris 75015, France. FAU - Rey, Felix A AU - Rey FA AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite de Paris, Unite de Virologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris 75015, France. FAU - Weill, Jean-Claude AU - Weill JC AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. Electronic address: jean-claude.weill@inserm.fr. FAU - Reynaud, Claude-Agnes AU - Reynaud CA AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France. Electronic address: claude-agnes.reynaud@inserm.fr. FAU - Chappert, Pascal AU - Chappert P AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France; Inovarion, Paris, France. Electronic address: pascal.chappert@inserm.fr. FAU - Mahevas, Matthieu AU - Mahevas M AD - Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Universite de Paris, Paris, France; Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France; INSERM U955, Equipe 2, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), Creteil, France. Electronic address: matthieu.mahevas@aphp.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210921 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - SARS-CoV-2 variants SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/metabolism MH - Antibodies, Viral/metabolism MH - Antibody Affinity MH - BNT162 Vaccine/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Cells, Cultured MH - Convalescence MH - Humans MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Mass Vaccination MH - Memory B Cells/*immunology MH - Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid/*immunology MH - RNA, Messenger/*genetics MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics/immunology/*physiology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC8452492 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B-cell memory OT - BNT162b2 vaccine OT - COVID-19 OT - RBD OT - affinity maturation OT - germinal center OT - neutralizing antibody OT - plasma cells OT - somatic hypermutation COIS- Declaration of interests Outside of the submitted work, M. Mahevas. received research funds from GSK and personal fees from LFB and Amgen. J.-C.W. received consulting fees from Institut Merieux. P.B. received consulting fees from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. J.-M.P. received personal fees from Abbvie, Gilead, Merck, and Siemens Healthcare. F.R. is a member of the board of MELETIOS Therapeutics and of the Scientific Advisory Board of eureKARE. EDAT- 2021/10/07 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/24 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/21 CRDT- 2021/10/06 20:07 PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/06 20:07 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(21)00396-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.09.011 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2021 Dec 14;54(12):2893-2907.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.09.011. Epub 2021 Sep 21. PMID- 34610291 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211101 LR - 20220329 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 37 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Oct 12 TI - High-affinity memory B cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection produce more plasmablasts and atypical memory B cells than those primed by mRNA vaccines. PG - 109823 LID - S2211-1247(21)01287-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109823 [doi] AB - Although both infections and vaccines induce memory B cell (MBC) populations that participate in secondary immune responses, the MBCs generated in each case can differ. Here, we compare SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (S1-RBD)-specific primary MBCs that form in response to infection or a single mRNA vaccination. Both primary MBC populations have similar frequencies in the blood and respond to a second S1-RBD exposure by rapidly producing plasmablasts with an abundant immunoglobulin (Ig)A(+) subset and secondary MBCs that are mostly IgG(+) and cross-react with the B.1.351 variant. However, infection-induced primary MBCs have better antigen-binding capacity and generate more plasmablasts and secondary MBCs of the classical and atypical subsets than do vaccine-induced primary MBCs. Our results suggest that infection-induced primary MBCs have undergone more affinity maturation than vaccine-induced primary MBCs and produce more robust secondary responses. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Pape, Kathryn A AU - Pape KA AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Dileepan, Thamotharampillai AU - Dileepan T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Kabage, Amanda J AU - Kabage AJ AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Kozysa, Daria AU - Kozysa D AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Batres, Rodolfo AU - Batres R AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Evert, Clayton AU - Evert C AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Matson, Michael AU - Matson M AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Lopez, Sharon AU - Lopez S AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Krueger, Peter D AU - Krueger PD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Graiziger, Carolyn AU - Graiziger C AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Vaughn, Byron P AU - Vaughn BP AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Shmidt, Eugenia AU - Shmidt E AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Rhein, Joshua AU - Rhein J AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Schacker, Timothy W AU - Schacker TW AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Khoruts, Alexander AU - Khoruts A AD - Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Jenkins, Marc K AU - Jenkins MK AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address: jenki002@umn.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210925 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - B-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/immunology/metabolism MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Cross Reactions/immunology MH - Female MH - HEK293 Cells MH - Humans MH - Immunization/methods MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Middle Aged MH - Plasma Cells/*immunology MH - RNA, Messenger/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology/pathogenicity MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology/metabolism MH - Vaccination/methods MH - Vaccines/immunology PMC - PMC8463313 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - atypical memory B cell OT - mRNA vaccine OT - memory B cell OT - plasmablast COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/10/06 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/03 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/25 CRDT- 2021/10/05 20:09 PHST- 2021/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/05 20:09 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(21)01287-0 [pii] AID - 109823 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109823 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2021 Oct 12;37(2):109823. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109823. Epub 2021 Sep 25. PMID- 34583856 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220112 LR - 20240911 IS - 1879-1166 (Electronic) IS - 0198-8859 (Print) IS - 0198-8859 (Linking) VI - 83 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan TI - Exhausted NK cells and cytokine storms in COVID-19: Whether NK cell therapy could be a therapeutic choice. PG - 86-98 LID - S0198-8859(21)00230-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.humimm.2021.09.004 [doi] AB - The global outbreak of coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) still claims more lives daily around the world due to the lack of a definitive treatment and the rapid tendency of virus to mutate, which even jeopardizes vaccination efficacy. At the forefront battle against SARS-CoV-2, an effective innate response to the infection has a pivotal role in the initial control and treatment of disease. However, SARS-CoV-2 subtly interrupts the equations of immune responses, disrupting the cytolytic antiviral effects of NK cells, while seriously activating infected macrophages and other immune cells to induce an unleashed "cytokine storm", a dangerous and uncontrollable inflammatory response causing life-threatening symptoms in patients. Notably, the NK cell exhaustion with ineffective cytolytic function against the sources of exaggerated cytokine release, acts as an Achilles' heel which exacerbates the severity of COVID-19. Given this, approaches that improve NK cell cytotoxicity may benefit treatment protocols. As a suggestion, adoptive transfer of NK or CAR-NK cells with proper cytotolytic potentials and the lowest capacity of cytokine-release (for example CD56(dim) NK cells brightly express activating receptors), to severe COVID-19 patients may provide an effective cure especially in cases suffering from cytokine storms. More intriguingly, the ongoing evidence for persistent clonal expansion of NK memory cells characterized by an activating phenotype in response to viral infections, can benefit the future studies on vaccine development and adoptive NK cell therapy in COVID-19. Whether vaccinated volunteers or recovered patients can also be considered as suitable candidates for cell donation could be the subject of future research. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Ghasemzadeh, Mehran AU - Ghasemzadeh M AD - Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Ghasemzadeh, Alireza AU - Ghasemzadeh A AD - Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Hosseini, Ehteramolsadat AU - Hosseini E AD - Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: e.hosseini10@yahoo.com.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210908 PL - United States TA - Hum Immunol JT - Human immunology JID - 8010936 RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - *Adoptive Transfer/adverse effects MH - Animals MH - COVID-19/immunology/metabolism/*therapy/virology MH - Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology/metabolism/*therapy/virology MH - Cytokines/*immunology/metabolism MH - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic MH - Host-Pathogen Interactions MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Killer Cells, Natural/immunology/metabolism/*transplantation/virology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology/pathogenicity MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC8423992 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adoptive cell therapy OT - CD8(+) T cell OT - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) OT - Cytokine storm OT - Innate immune response OT - Memory cells OT - NK cell OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccine COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/09/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/13 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/08 CRDT- 2021/09/29 05:47 PHST- 2021/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/29 05:47 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0198-8859(21)00230-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.humimm.2021.09.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Immunol. 2022 Jan;83(1):86-98. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2021.09.004. Epub 2021 Sep 8. PMID- 34550494 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211207 LR - 20220401 IS - 1590-3478 (Electronic) IS - 1590-1874 (Print) IS - 1590-1874 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 12 DP - 2021 Dec TI - Alzheimer's disease in elderly COVID-19 patients: potential mechanisms and preventive measures. PG - 4913-4920 LID - 10.1007/s10072-021-05616-1 [doi] AB - Advanced age correlates with higher morbidity and mortality among patients affected with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Because systemic inflammation and neurological symptoms are also common in severe COVID-19 cases, there is concern that COVID-19 may lead to neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this review, we summarize possible mechanisms by which infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, may cause AD in elderly COVID-19 patients and describe preventive measures to mitigate risk. Potential mechanisms include NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1beta release, renin-angiotensin system hyperactivation, innate immune activation, oxidative stress, direct viral infection, and direct cytolytic beta-cell damage. Anti-inflammatory therapies, including TNF-alpha inhibitors and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidants such as the vitamin E family, nutritional intervention, physical activity, blood glucose control, and vaccination are proposed as preventive measures to minimize AD risk in COVID-19 patients. Since several risk factors for AD may converge during severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, neurologists should be alert for potential symptoms of AD and actively implement preventive measures in patients presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms and in high-risk patients such as the elderly. CI - (c) 2021. Fondazione Societa Italiana di Neurologia. FAU - Wang, Haili AU - Wang H AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China. AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Lu, Juan AU - Lu J AD - Department of Neuro Intensive Care Unit, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhao, Xia AU - Zhao X AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Qin, Rongyin AU - Qin R AD - Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital (Jiading District), Jiading, Shanghai, 201812, China. FAU - Song, Kangping AU - Song K AD - Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China. FAU - Xu, Yao AU - Xu Y AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhang, Jun AU - Zhang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7869-2807 AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Jingan, Shanghai, 200040, China. doctorzhang_0221@163.com. FAU - Chen, Yingzhu AU - Chen Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2110-236X AD - Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China. yzchendr@163.com. LA - eng GR - No.WSW-246/"Six Talents" Peak Cultivation Funding Project/ GR - No. RCC201807/"Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" Special Fund for Science, Education, and Health/ GR - No. DTRB18008/Provincial academic leader Class B/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210922 PL - Italy TA - Neurol Sci JT - Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology JID - 100959175 SB - IM EIN - Neurol Sci. 2021 Dec;42(12):5443. doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05680-7. PMID: 34669085 MH - Aged MH - *Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Inflammation MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8455804 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Alzheimer's disease OT - COVID-19 OT - Prevention OT - Renin-angiotensin system OT - Systemic inflammation COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2021/09/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/22 CRDT- 2021/09/22 12:30 PHST- 2021/01/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/22 12:30 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s10072-021-05616-1 [pii] AID - 5616 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10072-021-05616-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Sci. 2021 Dec;42(12):4913-4920. doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05616-1. Epub 2021 Sep 22. PMID- 34536418 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211217 LR - 20211217 IS - 1097-6825 (Electronic) IS - 0091-6749 (Print) IS - 0091-6749 (Linking) VI - 148 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Dec TI - Immunologic memory to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent COVID-19 patients at 1 year postinfection. PG - 1481-1492.e2 LID - S0091-6749(21)01392-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.09.008 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Understanding the complexities of immune memory to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is key to gain insights into the durability of protective immunity against reinfection. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent patients with longer follow-up time. METHODS: SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular responses were assessed in convalescent patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at 1 year postinfection. RESULTS: A total of 78 convalescent patients with COVID-19 (26 moderate, 43 severe, and 9 critical) were recruited after 1 year of recovery. The positive rates of both anti-receptor-binding domain and antinucleocapsid antibodies were 100%, whereas we did not observe a statistical difference in antibody levels among different severity groups. Accordingly, the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) reached 93.59% in convalescent patients. Although nAb titers displayed an increasing trend in convalescent patients with increased severity, the difference failed to achieve statistical significance. Notably, there was a significant correlation between nAb titers and anti-receptor-binding domain levels. Interestingly, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells could be robustly maintained in convalescent patients, and their number was positively correlated with both nAb titers and anti-receptor-binding domain levels. Amplified SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) T cells mainly produced a single cytokine, accompanying with increased expression of exhaustion markers including PD-1, Tim-3, TIGIT, CTLA-4, and CD39, while the proportion of multifunctional cells was low. CONCLUSIONS: Robust SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular responses are maintained in convalescent patients with COVID-19 at 1 year postinfection. However, the dysfunction of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) T cells supports the notion that vaccination is needed in convalescent patients for preventing reinfection. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Hou, Hongyan AU - Hou H AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Zhang, Yandi AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Tang, Guoxing AU - Tang G AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Luo, Ying AU - Luo Y AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Liu, Wei AU - Liu W AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Cheng, Chang AU - Cheng C AD - Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Jiang, Yuhuan AU - Jiang Y AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. FAU - Xiong, Zhigang AU - Xiong Z AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Wu, Shiji AU - Wu S AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: wilson547@163.com. FAU - Sun, Ziyong AU - Sun Z AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: zysun@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn. FAU - Xu, Shabei AU - Xu S AD - Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: xushabei@126.com. FAU - Fan, Xionglin AU - Fan X AD - Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: xlfan@hust.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Feng AU - Wang F AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: fengwang@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210915 PL - United States TA - J Allergy Clin Immunol JT - The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology JID - 1275002 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/*analysis/blood MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - COVID-19/*blood/epidemiology/*therapy MH - Convalescence MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology PMC - PMC8440318 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD4(+) T-cell responses OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - immune memory OT - neutralizing antibodies EDAT- 2021/09/19 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/18 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/15 CRDT- 2021/09/18 20:10 PHST- 2021/06/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/18 20:10 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0091-6749(21)01392-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.09.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021 Dec;148(6):1481-1492.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.09.008. Epub 2021 Sep 15. PMID- 34519540 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211029 LR - 20240923 IS - 1095-9203 (Electronic) IS - 0036-8075 (Print) IS - 0036-8075 (Linking) VI - 374 IP - 6566 DP - 2021 Oct 22 TI - Low-dose mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine generates durable memory enhanced by cross-reactive T cells. PG - eabj9853 LID - 10.1126/science.abj9853 [doi] LID - eabj9853 AB - Vaccine-specific CD4(+) T cell, CD8(+) T cell, binding antibody, and neutralizing antibody responses to the 25-mug Moderna messenger RNA (mRNA)-1273 vaccine were examined over the course of 7 months after immunization, including in multiple age groups, with a particular interest in assessing whether preexisting cross-reactive T cell memory affects vaccine-generated immunity. Vaccine-generated spike-specific memory CD4(+) T cells 6 months after the second dose of the vaccine were comparable in quantity and quality to COVID-19 cases, including the presence of T follicular helper cells and interferon-gamma-expressing cells. Spike-specific CD8(+) T cells were generated in 88% of subjects, with equivalent memory at 6 months post-boost compared with COVID-19 cases. Lastly, subjects with preexisting cross-reactive CD4(+) T cell memory exhibited stronger CD4(+) T cell and antibody responses to the vaccine, demonstrating the biological relevance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-cross-reactive CD4(+) T cells. FAU - Mateus, Jose AU - Mateus J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1402-3452 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Dan, Jennifer M AU - Dan JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1672-0657 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Zhang, Zeli AU - Zhang Z AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Rydyznski Moderbacher, Carolyn AU - Rydyznski Moderbacher C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7965-9902 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Lammers, Marshall AU - Lammers M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2237-847X AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Goodwin, Benjamin AU - Goodwin B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5485-2861 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7013-2250 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6484-6262 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2968-7371 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. LA - eng GR - R25 AI147376/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI148373/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI135193/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201500002C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K08 AI135078/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI148576/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI149644/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI148684/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20211022 PL - United States TA - Science JT - Science (New York, N.Y.) JID - 0404511 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - EPK39PL4R4 (2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273) SB - IM MH - 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/immunology/*prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/*immunology MH - Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic MH - Cross Reactions MH - Humans MH - *Immunogenicity, Vaccine MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Middle Aged MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8542617 MID - NIHMS1743942 EDAT- 2021/09/15 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/30 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/22 CRDT- 2021/09/14 12:25 PHST- 2021/09/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/14 12:25 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - abj9853 [pii] AID - 10.1126/science.abj9853 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Science. 2021 Oct 22;374(6566):eabj9853. doi: 10.1126/science.abj9853. Epub 2021 Oct 22. PMID- 34511678 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221221 IS - 0191-8869 (Print) IS - 0191-8869 (Electronic) IS - 0191-8869 (Linking) VI - 185 DP - 2022 Feb TI - Linking the behavioral immune system to COVID-19 vaccination intention: The mediating role of the need for cognitive closure and vaccine hesitancy. PG - 111245 LID - 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111245 [doi] AB - Vaccination has become one of the most effective ways of controlling the spread of COVID-19. Consequently, revealing the evolutionary and cognitive antecedents of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and vaccination intention has become crucial. Drawing on the theory of behavioral immune system (BIS), we investigate whether perceived vulnerability to disease (PVD) is associated with vaccination intentions through the need for cognitive closure (NCC) and vaccine hesitancy. The data was collected from 525 adults from Turkey. The structural equation modeling results indicate that of the two dimensions of PVD, germ aversion predicts COVID-19 vaccination intention through sequential mediation of NCC and vaccine hesitancy. Perceived infectability, on the other hand, is directly and positively related to vaccination intention. By showing the mediating role of NCC, our results offer an insight as to why germ aversion translates into vaccine hesitancy, and low vaccination intention. We discuss the potential benefits of considering the roles of BIS and NCC in campaigns and policies targeted at increasing COVID-19 vaccine uptake and suggest implications for such practices. CI - (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Solak, Caglar AU - Solak C AD - Department of Psychology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Turkey. FAU - Peker-Dural, Hilal AU - Peker-Dural H AD - Department of Psychology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. FAU - Karlidag, Sercan AU - Karlidag S AD - Department of Psychology, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Peker, Mehmet AU - Peker M AD - Department of Psychology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210908 PL - England TA - Pers Individ Dif JT - Personality and individual differences JID - 8006972 PMC - PMC8423810 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavioral immune system OT - COVID-19 vaccines OT - Need for cognitive closure OT - Vaccination intention OT - Vaccine hesitancy EDAT- 2021/09/14 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/14 06:01 PMCR- 2021/09/08 CRDT- 2021/09/13 06:33 PHST- 2021/04/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/14 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/13 06:33 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0191-8869(21)00624-3 [pii] AID - 111245 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111245 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pers Individ Dif. 2022 Feb;185:111245. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111245. Epub 2021 Sep 8. PMID- 34507266 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211112 LR - 20221221 IS - 1873-4499 (Electronic) IS - 0899-7071 (Print) IS - 0899-7071 (Linking) VI - 80 DP - 2021 Dec TI - Neurological symptoms and neuroimaging alterations related with COVID-19 vaccine: Cause or coincidence? PG - 348-352 LID - S0899-7071(21)00355-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.08.021 [doi] AB - Although vaccination against Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is still occurring, several adverse effects temporally related to these vaccines are already being reported, even if through isolated case reports. In the present study, we describe the lesions seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of three patients who developed neurological symptoms after receiving the ChAdOX1 nCoV-19 vaccine (Oxford/AstraZeneca). The first patient presented with an ischemic stroke in the posterior limb of the left internal capsule, two days after vaccination. The second patient presented with a left facial nerve palsy, seven days after vaccination. The third patient presented with myelitis, eight days after receiving the vaccine. All patients presented the symptoms after the first dose of the vaccine and did not have a history of previous COVID-19. The real incidence of these types of complications is not known yet, but it is important to consider the possibility of COVID-19 vaccine complications, in patients with a recent history of vaccination and recent development of neurological symptoms, even though this association is only casual. Longitudinal studies are necessary to further analyze the incidence of the adverse effects of each vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Correa, Diogo Goulart AU - Correa DG AD - Department of Radiology, Clinica de Diagnostico por Imagem (CDPI), Avenida das Americas, 4666, 302A, 303, 307, 325, 326, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Zip Code: 2640-102, Brazil; Department of Radiology, Federal Fluminense University, Rua Marques de Parana, 303, Centro, Niteroi, RJ Zip code: 24070-035, Brazil. Electronic address: diogogoulartcorrea@yahoo.com.br. FAU - Canete, Luis Alcides Quevedo AU - Canete LAQ AD - Department of Radiology, Clinica de Diagnostico por Imagem (CDPI), Avenida das Americas, 4666, 302A, 303, 307, 325, 326, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Zip Code: 2640-102, Brazil. FAU - Dos Santos, Gutemberg Augusto Cruz AU - Dos Santos GAC AD - Department of Neurology, Estacio de Sa University, Avenida das Americas, 700, bloco 8, loja 218, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Zip code: 22640-100, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira, Romulo Varella AU - de Oliveira RV AD - Department of Radiology, Clinica de Diagnostico por Imagem (CDPI), Avenida das Americas, 4666, 302A, 303, 307, 325, 326, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Zip Code: 2640-102, Brazil. FAU - Brandao, Carlos Otavio AU - Brandao CO AD - Department of Neurology, Neurolife Laboratory, Praia do Flamengo, 66, Bloco B, sala 620, Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Zip Code: 22210-903, Brazil. FAU - da Cruz, Luiz Celso Hygino Jr AU - da Cruz LCH Jr AD - Department of Radiology, Clinica de Diagnostico por Imagem (CDPI), Avenida das Americas, 4666, 302A, 303, 307, 325, 326, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Zip Code: 2640-102, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210907 PL - United States TA - Clin Imaging JT - Clinical imaging JID - 8911831 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) SB - IM CIN - Clin Imaging. 2022 Feb;82:13-14. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.10.017. PMID: 34768220 MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 MH - Humans MH - Neuroimaging MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Vaccines/adverse effects PMC - PMC8421080 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Facial palsy OT - Myelitis OT - Stroke OT - Vaccines COIS- None. EDAT- 2021/09/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/16 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/07 CRDT- 2021/09/10 20:30 PHST- 2021/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/10 20:30 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0899-7071(21)00355-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.08.021 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Imaging. 2021 Dec;80:348-352. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.08.021. Epub 2021 Sep 7. PMID- 34506944 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211013 LR - 20240908 IS - 1521-7035 (Electronic) IS - 1521-6616 (Print) IS - 1521-6616 (Linking) VI - 231 DP - 2021 Oct TI - Infection with SARS-CoV-2 primes immunological memory in human nasal-associated lymphoid tissue. PG - 108850 LID - S1521-6616(21)00187-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108850 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality in humans. Little is known regarding the development of immunological memory following SARS-CoV-2 infection or whether immunological memory can provide long-lasting protection against reinfection. Urgent need for vaccines is a considerable issue for all governments worldwide. METHODS: A total of 39 patients were recruited in this study. Tonsillar mononuclear cells (MNCs) were co-cultured in RPMI medium and stimulated with the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the presence and absence of a CpG-DNA adjuvant. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilised to measure the specific antibody response to the spike protein in the cell culture supernatants. RESULTS: The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein primed a potent memory B cell-mediated immune response in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) from patients previously infected with the virus. Additionally, spike protein combined with the CpG-DNA adjuvant induced a significantly increased level of specific anti-spike protein IgG antibody compared with the spike protein alone (p < 0.0001, n = 24). We also showed a strong positive correlation between the specific anti-spike protein IgG antibody level in a serum samples and that produced by MNCs derived from the same COVID-19-recovered patients following stimulation (r = 0.76, p = 0.0002, n = 24). CONCLUSION: Individuals with serological evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 exposure showed a significant anti-spike protein-specific memory humoral immune response to the viral spike protein upon stimulation. Additionally, our results demonstrated the functional response of NALT-derived MNCs to the viral spike protein. CpG-DNA adjuvant combined with spike protein induced significantly stronger humoral immune responses than the spike protein alone. These data indicate that the S protein antigen combined with CpG-DNA adjuvant could be used as a future vaccine candidate. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Mahallawi, Waleed H AU - Mahallawi WH AD - Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: wmahallawi@gmail.com. FAU - Aljeraisi, Talal M AU - Aljeraisi TM AD - Otorhinolaryngology, Head& Neck Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: Tjeraisi@taibahu.Edu.sa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210909 PL - United States TA - Clin Immunol JT - Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) JID - 100883537 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Oligodeoxyribonucleotides) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 9007-49-2 (DNA) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral/metabolism MH - B-Lymphocytes MH - COVID-19/*immunology/*virology MH - Cells, Cultured MH - DNA MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunoglobulin G/metabolism MH - Immunologic Memory/*physiology MH - Lymphoid Tissue/*physiology/virology MH - Nose MH - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology PMC - PMC8423672 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CpG-DNA OT - Memory B cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Spike protein EDAT- 2021/09/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/14 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/08 CRDT- 2021/09/10 20:14 PHST- 2021/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/10 20:14 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1521-6616(21)00187-X [pii] AID - 108850 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108850 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Immunol. 2021 Oct;231:108850. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108850. Epub 2021 Sep 9. PMID- 34490414 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210924 IS - 2589-0042 (Electronic) IS - 2589-0042 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 9 DP - 2021 Sep 24 TI - Development of humoral and cellular immunological memory against SARS-CoV-2 despite B cell depleting treatment in multiple sclerosis. PG - 103078 LID - 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103078 [doi] LID - 103078 AB - B cell depleting therapies (BCDTs) are widely used as immunomodulating agents for autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Their possible impact on development of immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has raised concerns with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We here evaluated the frequency of COVID-19-like symptoms and determined immunological responses in participants of an observational trial comprising several multiple sclerosis disease modulatory drugs (COMBAT-MS; NCT03193866) and in eleven patients after vaccination, with a focus on BCDT. Almost all seropositive and 17.9% of seronegative patients on BCDT, enriched for a history of COVID-19-like symptoms, developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 T cell memory, and T cells displayed functional similarity to controls producing IFN-gamma and TNF. Following vaccination, vaccine-specific humoral memory was impaired, while all patients developed a specific T cell response. These results indicate that BCDTs do not abrogate SARS-CoV-2 cellular memory and provide a possible explanation as to why the majority of patients on BCDTs recover from COVID-19. CI - (c) 2021 The Author(s). FAU - Asplund Hogelin, Klara AU - Asplund Hogelin K AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Ruffin, Nicolas AU - Ruffin N AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Pin, Elisa AU - Pin E AD - Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Manberg, Anna AU - Manberg A AD - Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Hober, Sophia AU - Hober S AD - Division of Protein Technology, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Gafvelin, Guro AU - Gafvelin G AD - Therapeutic Immune Design Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:02, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Gronlund, Hans AU - Gronlund H AD - Therapeutic Immune Design Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:02, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Nilsson, Peter AU - Nilsson P AD - Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Khademi, Mohsen AU - Khademi M AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Olsson, Tomas AU - Olsson T AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Piehl, Fredrik AU - Piehl F AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Al Nimer, Faiez AU - Al Nimer F AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210902 PL - United States TA - iScience JT - iScience JID - 101724038 PMC - PMC8410640 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immunology OT - Virology COIS- T.O. has received unrestricted grants for extended multiple sclerosis studies in relation to COVID-19 from Biogen and Merck. Not related to this manuscript, T.O. has received unrestricted grants, advisory board/ lectures from Biogen, Merck, Novartis, and Sanofi, and F.P. has received research grants from Genzyme, Merck KGaA, and UCB and fees for serving as Chair of DMC in clinical trials with Parexel. All other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/09/08 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/08 06:01 PMCR- 2021/09/02 CRDT- 2021/09/07 07:47 PHST- 2021/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/08 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/07 07:47 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2589-0042(21)01046-4 [pii] AID - 103078 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103078 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - iScience. 2021 Sep 24;24(9):103078. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103078. Epub 2021 Sep 2. PMID- 34487856 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211012 LR - 20240923 IS - 1873-2747 (Electronic) IS - 0361-9230 (Print) IS - 0361-9230 (Linking) VI - 176 DP - 2021 Nov TI - Mental Health Issues During and After COVID-19 Vaccine Era. PG - 161-173 LID - S0361-9230(21)00260-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.08.012 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic has persisted for more than a year, and post-COVID-19 sequelae of neurological complications, including direct and indirect effects on the central nervous system (CNS), have been recognized. There is a plethora of evidence for neurological, cognitive, and emotional deficits in COVID-19 patients. Acute neurological symptoms like neuroinflammation, cognitive impairment, loss of smell, and brain stroke are common direct effects among SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals. Work-associated stress, lockdowns, social distancing, and quarantine in response to contain SARS-CoV-2 have also affected the mental health of large populations, regardless of age. Public health emergencies have affected individuals and communities, resulting in emotional reactions and unhealthy behaviors. Although vaccines have been widely distributed and administered among large populations, vaccine hesitancy still exists and may be due to apprehension about vaccine efficacy, preliminary trials, and associated side effects. This review highlights the impact of COVID-19 on the CNS by outlining direct and indirect effects and factors contributing to the decline in people's mental health throughout the COVID-19 pandemic both during and after vaccine administration. Furthermore, we also discuss reasons for vaccine hesitancy and why some groups of people are deprived of vaccines. Finally, we touched upon the social determinants of mental health and their impact on disadvantaged populations during times of crisis which may help policymakers set up some action plans to mitigate the COVID-19 mental health turmoil during this ongoing pandemic. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Pandey, Kabita AU - Pandey K AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. FAU - Thurman, Michellie AU - Thurman M AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. FAU - Johnson, Samuel D AU - Johnson SD AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. FAU - Acharya, Arpan AU - Acharya A AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. FAU - Johnston, Morgan AU - Johnston M AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. FAU - Klug, Elizabeth A AU - Klug EA AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. FAU - Olwenyi, Omalla A AU - Olwenyi OA AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. FAU - Rajaiah, Rajesh AU - Rajaiah R AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. FAU - Byrareddy, Siddappa N AU - Byrareddy SN AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address: sid.byrareddy@unmc.edu. LA - eng GR - P30 MH062261/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI129745/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DA052845/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 NS105594/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20210903 PL - United States TA - Brain Res Bull JT - Brain research bulletin JID - 7605818 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - COVID-19/*psychology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage MH - Communicable Disease Control MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Mental Health/trends MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - Public Health MH - SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity MH - Vaccination/*psychology/trends MH - Vaccination Refusal/*psychology/trends MH - Vaccines PMC - PMC8414813 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - mental health OT - social determinants OT - vaccine EDAT- 2021/09/07 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/13 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/03 CRDT- 2021/09/06 20:12 PHST- 2021/05/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/06 20:12 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0361-9230(21)00260-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.08.012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Res Bull. 2021 Nov;176:161-173. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.08.012. Epub 2021 Sep 3. PMID- 34480607 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220222 LR - 20220716 IS - 1432-1459 (Electronic) IS - 0340-5354 (Print) IS - 0340-5354 (Linking) VI - 269 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar TI - COVID-19 mRNA vaccination leading to CNS inflammation: a case series. PG - 1093-1106 LID - 10.1007/s00415-021-10780-7 [doi] AB - The availability of vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), provides hope towards mitigation of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Vaccine safety and efficacy has not been established in individuals with chronic autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Anecdotal reports suggest that the vaccines may be associated with brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and cardiac inflammation. Based on the high morbidity and unpredictable course of COVID-19, and the need to achieve herd immunity, vaccination has been recommended for patients with MS. We report clinical and MRI features of seven individuals who received the Moderna (n = 3) or Pfizer (n = 4) SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Within one to 21 days of either the first (n = 2) or second (n = 5) vaccine dose, these patients developed neurologic symptoms and MRI findings consistent with active CNS demyelination of the optic nerve, brain, and/or spinal cord. Symptoms included visual loss, dysmetria, gait instability, paresthesias, sphincter disturbance, and limb weakness. Age ranged from 24 to 64 (mean 39.1) years; five were woman (71.4%). The final diagnosis was exacerbation of known stable MS (n = 4, two were receiving disease-modifying therapy at the time of vaccination), new onset MS (n = 2), or new onset neuromyelitis optica (n = 1). All responded to corticosteroid (n = 7) or plasma exchange (n = 1) therapy, with five returning to baseline and two approaching baseline. Large prospective studies are required to further investigate any possible relationship between COVID-19 vaccines and acute CNS demyelination. CI - (c) 2021. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Khayat-Khoei, Mahsa AU - Khayat-Khoei M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3003-002X AD - Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Rd, Mailbox 9002L, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. FAU - Bhattacharyya, Shamik AU - Bhattacharyya S AD - Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Rd, Mailbox 9002L, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. FAU - Katz, Joshua AU - Katz J AD - The Elliot Lewis Center for Multiple Sclerosis Care, Wellesley, MA, USA. FAU - Harrison, Daniel AU - Harrison D AD - Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Rd, Mailbox 9002L, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. FAU - Tauhid, Shahamat AU - Tauhid S AD - Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Rd, Mailbox 9002L, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. FAU - Bruso, Penny AU - Bruso P AD - The Multiple Sclerosis Center of Northeastern New York, Latham, NY, USA. FAU - Houtchens, Maria K AU - Houtchens MK AD - Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Rd, Mailbox 9002L, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. FAU - Edwards, Keith R AU - Edwards KR AD - The Multiple Sclerosis Center of Northeastern New York, Latham, NY, USA. FAU - Bakshi, Rohit AU - Bakshi R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8601-5534 AD - Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Rd, Mailbox 9002L, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. rbakshi@post.harvard.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210904 PL - Germany TA - J Neurol JT - Journal of neurology JID - 0423161 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Inflammation MH - Middle Aged MH - RNA, Messenger MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8417681 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Demyelination OT - Inflammation OT - Multiple sclerosis OT - Neuromyelitis optica OT - SAR-CoV-2 OT - Vaccination COIS- Dr. Bhattacharyya has received consulting fees from Alexion and research support from Alexion and UCB. Dr. Katz has served on speaker's bureaus and advisory boards for Biogen, EMD-Serono, Genentech, Novartis, and Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Houtchens has received consulting fees from Biogen, EMD Serono Novartis, and Genentech, and research support from Biogen, Genentech, and Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Edwards has received fees for speaking and consulting from Biogen and EMD Serono and research grant support from Biogen, EMD Serono, Genentech, Novartis, and Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Bakshi has received consulting fees from EMD Serono and research support from BMS/Celgene and EMD Serono. The other authors have nothing to disclose. EDAT- 2021/09/05 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/23 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/04 CRDT- 2021/09/04 12:08 PHST- 2021/07/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/04 12:08 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00415-021-10780-7 [pii] AID - 10780 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00415-021-10780-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurol. 2022 Mar;269(3):1093-1106. doi: 10.1007/s00415-021-10780-7. Epub 2021 Sep 4. PMID- 34479746 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220210 LR - 20221221 IS - 1873-5134 (Electronic) IS - 0738-3991 (Print) IS - 0738-3991 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 2 DP - 2022 Feb TI - Vaccine for yourself, your community, or your country? Examining audiences' response to distance framing of COVID-19 vaccine messages. PG - 284-289 LID - S0738-3991(21)00563-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pec.2021.08.019 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study explored the effects of COVID-19 vaccine promotion messages highlighting the benefit at individual, community, and country levels. Based on the cultural theory of risks, we investigated how individuals' valuation of individualism vs. communitarianism and hierarchical vs. egalitarian social structure affect their responses to vaccine messages. METHODS: An online experiment (N = 702) with four video message conditions (individual-centered, community-centered, country-centered, and no message) was conducted. Participants were asked about their cultural cognition worldview, then were randomly assigned to view one message. Participants also reported their willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccines and support for vaccine mandate. RESULTS: Respondents were more likely to get vaccinated and support vaccine mandates after viewing an individual-centered message, less with a community-centered message. Individuals who value individualism were more likely to respond positively to individual-centered messages, but those who believe more in communitarianism value were less likely. CONCLUSION: Results showed that individuals are motivated selectively to respond to certain claims that cohere with their worldview and therefore respond differently to vaccine benefit frames. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The results point to the importance of understanding audiences' worldviews. By identifying this process through hierarchical and individualistic values, properly designed health promotion messages can maximize the desired outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Yuan, Shupei AU - Yuan S AD - Department of Communication Northern Illinois University DeKalb, IL 60008, USA. Electronic address: syuan@niu.edu. FAU - Chu, Haoran AU - Chu H AD - College of Journalism and Communications University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. Electronic address: chu.h@ufl.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20210825 PL - Ireland TA - Patient Educ Couns JT - Patient education and counseling JID - 8406280 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Health Promotion MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Vaccines PMC - PMC8384529 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Benefit frames OT - Cultural cognition OT - Health communication OT - Vaccine message COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflict of interest in the authoring of this manuscript. EDAT- 2021/09/05 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/11 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/25 CRDT- 2021/09/04 05:36 PHST- 2021/06/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/04 05:36 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0738-3991(21)00563-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pec.2021.08.019 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Patient Educ Couns. 2022 Feb;105(2):284-289. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.08.019. Epub 2021 Aug 25. PMID- 34479184 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211019 LR - 20260518 IS - 2369-2960 (Electronic) IS - 2369-2960 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 10 DP - 2021 Oct 7 TI - Adoption of Preventive Measures During the Very Early Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: National Cross-sectional Survey Study. PG - e26840 LID - 10.2196/26840 [doi] LID - e26840 AB - BACKGROUND: The outbreak of COVID-19 in China occurred around the Chinese New Year (January 25, 2020), and infections decreased continuously afterward. General adoption of preventive measures during the Chinese New Year period was crucial in driving the decline. It is imperative to investigate preventive behaviors among Chinese university students, who could have spread COVID-19 when travelling home during the Chinese New Year break. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated levels of COVID-19-related personal measures undertaken during the 7-day Chinese New Year holidays by university students in China, and associated COVID-19-related cognitive factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional anonymous web-based survey was conducted during the period from February 1 to 10, 2020. Data from 23,863 students (from 26 universities, 16 cities, 13 provincial-level regions) about personal measures (frequent face-mask wearing, frequent handwashing, frequent home staying, and an indicator that combined the 3 behaviors) were analyzed (overall response rate 70%). Multilevel multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: Only 28.0% of respondents (6684/23,863) had left home for >4 hours, and 49.3% (11,757/23,863) had never left home during the 7-day Chinese New Year period; 79.7% (19,026/23,863) always used face-masks in public areas. The frequency of handwashing with soap was relatively low (6424/23,863, 26.9% for >5 times/day); 72.4% (17,282/23,863) had frequently undertaken >/=2 of these 3 measures. COVID-19-related cognitive factors (perceptions on modes of transmission, permanent bodily damage, efficacy of personal or governmental preventive measures, nonavailability of vaccines and treatments) were significantly associated with preventive measures. Associations with frequent face-mask wearing were stronger than those with frequent home staying. CONCLUSIONS: University students had strong behavioral responses during the very early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak. Levels of personal prevention, especially frequent home staying and face-mask wearing, were high. Health promotion may modify cognitive factors. Some structural factors (eg, social distancing policy) might explain why the frequency of home staying was higher than that of handwashing. Other populations might have behaved similarly; however, such data were not available to us. CI - (c)Joseph Lau, Yanqiu Yu, Meiqi Xin, Rui She, Sitong Luo, Lijuan Li, Suhua Wang, Le Ma, Fangbiao Tao, Jianxin Zhang, Junfeng Zhao, Dongsheng Hu, Liping Li, Guohua Zhang, Jing Gu, Danhua Lin, Hongmei Wang, Yong Cai, Zhaofen Wang, Hua You, Guoqing Hu, COVID-19 University Student Research Group. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 07.10.2021. FAU - Lau, Joseph AU - Lau J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2344-7107 AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Yu, Yanqiu AU - Yu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7953-6320 AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Xin, Meiqi AU - Xin M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8636-4918 AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - She, Rui AU - She R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8948-2792 AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Luo, Sitong AU - Luo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7450-5613 AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. AD - Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. FAU - Li, Lijuan AU - Li L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5665-5872 AD - School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, China. FAU - Wang, Suhua AU - Wang S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9664-6986 AD - Graduated School of Baotou Medical College, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China. FAU - Ma, Le AU - Ma L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7592-9779 AD - School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China. FAU - Tao, Fangbiao AU - Tao F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4807-9670 AD - Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. FAU - Zhang, Jianxin AU - Zhang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2568-2875 AD - School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Zhao, Junfeng AU - Zhao J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7171-5658 AD - Department of Psychology, School of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China. FAU - Hu, Dongsheng AU - Hu D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3247-5786 AD - Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. FAU - Li, Liping AU - Li L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3306-779X AD - Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. FAU - Zhang, Guohua AU - Zhang G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2743-3167 AD - Department of Psychology, School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. FAU - Gu, Jing AU - Gu J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5436-2339 AD - Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Lin, Danhua AU - Lin D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3755-1730 AD - Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Hongmei AU - Wang H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7565-9040 AD - School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. FAU - Cai, Yong AU - Cai Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5706-7906 AD - School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Zhaofen AU - Wang Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9406-2955 AD - Public Health Department, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China. FAU - You, Hua AU - You H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6903-5058 AD - Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Hu, Guoqing AU - Hu G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5002-8015 AD - Department of Epidemiology of Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China. CN - COVID-19 University Student Research Group AD - See Authors' Contributions, , . LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211007 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Public Health Surveill JT - JMIR public health and surveillance JID - 101669345 SB - IM MH - COVID-19/epidemiology/*prevention & control MH - China/epidemiology MH - Communicable Disease Control/*methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Disease Outbreaks/*prevention & control MH - Female MH - Hand Disinfection MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Masks MH - Physical Distancing MH - Students MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Universities PMC - PMC8500352 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - China OT - behavior OT - cognition OT - control OT - cross-sectional OT - face mask OT - hand hygiene OT - health behavior OT - infectious disease OT - interpersonal contacts OT - prevention OT - protection OT - public health OT - survey COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. FIR - He, Yutao IR - He Y FIR - Tian, Xianzhang IR - Tian X FIR - Wang, Yuanyuan IR - Wang Y FIR - Zhang, Haizhu IR - Zhang H FIR - Hou, Wenjie IR - Hou W FIR - Chen, Yonghua IR - Chen Y FIR - Liu, Xi IR - Liu X FIR - Wu, Xiaoyan IR - Wu X FIR - Yang, Wenting IR - Yang W FIR - Changjiang, Sichuan IR - Changjiang S FIR - Gao, Dongdong IR - Gao D FIR - Hu, Junxian IR - Hu J FIR - Huang, Zelin IR - Huang Z FIR - Cui, Guanyu IR - Cui G FIR - Yu, Chengpu IR - Yu C FIR - Chen, Pujing IR - Chen P FIR - Chen, Ying IR - Chen Y FIR - Wang, Suping IR - Wang S FIR - Pang, Shuwei IR - Pang S FIR - Xiao, Boyang IR - Xiao B EDAT- 2021/09/04 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/21 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/07 CRDT- 2021/09/03 20:29 PHST- 2020/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/03 20:29 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v7i10e26840 [pii] AID - 10.2196/26840 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2021 Oct 7;7(10):e26840. doi: 10.2196/26840. PMID- 34453880 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210923 LR - 20260307 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 9 DP - 2021 Sep 14 TI - Rapid induction of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells is associated with coordinated humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. PG - 2133-2142.e3 LID - S1074-7613(21)00308-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.08.001 [doi] AB - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have shown remarkable clinical efficacy, but questions remain about the nature and kinetics of T cell priming. We performed longitudinal antigen-specific T cell analyses on healthy SARS-CoV-2-naive and recovered individuals prior to and following mRNA prime and boost vaccination. Vaccination induced rapid antigen-specific CD4(+) T cell responses in naive subjects after the first dose, whereas CD8(+) T cell responses developed gradually and were variable in magnitude. Vaccine-induced Th1 and Tfh cell responses following the first dose correlated with post-boost CD8(+) T cells and neutralizing antibodies, respectively. Integrated analysis revealed coordinated immune responses with distinct trajectories in SARS-CoV-2-naive and recovered individuals. Last, whereas booster vaccination improved T cell responses in SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects, the second dose had little effect in SARS-CoV-2-recovered individuals. These findings highlight the role of rapidly primed CD4(+) T cells in coordinating responses to the second vaccine dose in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Painter, Mark M AU - Painter MM AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Mathew, Divij AU - Mathew D AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Goel, Rishi R AU - Goel RR AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Apostolidis, Sokratis A AU - Apostolidis SA AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Pattekar, Ajinkya AU - Pattekar A AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Kuthuru, Oliva AU - Kuthuru O AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Baxter, Amy E AU - Baxter AE AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Herati, Ramin S AU - Herati RS AD - NYU Langone Vaccine Center, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. FAU - Oldridge, Derek A AU - Oldridge DA AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Gouma, Sigrid AU - Gouma S AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Hicks, Philip AU - Hicks P AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Dysinger, Sarah AU - Dysinger S AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Lundgreen, Kendall A AU - Lundgreen KA AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia AU - Kuri-Cervantes L AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Adamski, Sharon AU - Adamski S AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Hicks, Amanda AU - Hicks A AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Korte, Scott AU - Korte S AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Giles, Josephine R AU - Giles JR AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Weirick, Madison E AU - Weirick ME AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - McAllister, Christopher M AU - McAllister CM AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Dougherty, Jeanette AU - Dougherty J AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Long, Sherea AU - Long S AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - D'Andrea, Kurt AU - D'Andrea K AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Hamilton, Jacob T AU - Hamilton JT AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Betts, Michael R AU - Betts MR AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Bates, Paul AU - Bates P AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Hensley, Scott E AU - Hensley SE AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Greenplate, Allison R AU - Greenplate AR AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Wherry, E John AU - Wherry EJ AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. LA - eng GR - T32 AR076951/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI152236/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI070077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 CA009140/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AI045008/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI082630/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R38 HL143613/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI108545/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI105343/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI055400/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI155577/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI149680/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20210813 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - EPK39PL4R4 (2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antigens, CD) RN - 0 (Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Lectins, C-Type) RN - 0 (Peptides) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (CD69 Antigens) SB - IM MH - 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - Antigens, CD/metabolism MH - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Lectins, C-Type/metabolism MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Peptides/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*physiology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Th1 Cells/*immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Young Adult MH - CD69 Antigens PMC - PMC8361141 OTO - NOTNLM OT - AIM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - T follicular helper OT - Tfh OT - Th1 OT - activation induced markers OT - immunological memory OT - mRNA vaccine COIS- Declaration of interests S.E.H. has received consultancy fees from Sanofi Pasteur, Lumen, Novavax, and Merk for work unrelated to this study. E.J.W. is a consultant or an adviser for Merck, Elstar, Janssen, Related Sciences, Synthekine, and Surface Oncology. E.J.W. is a founder of Surface Oncology and Arsenal Biosciences. E.J.W. is an inventor on a patent (U.S. Patent No. 10,370,446) submitted by Emory University that covers the use of PD-1 blockade to treat infections and cancer. A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone, Flow Pharma, CellCarta, Arcturus, Oxfordimmunotech, and Avalia. La Jolla Institute for Immunology has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. EDAT- 2021/08/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/24 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/13 CRDT- 2021/08/28 20:08 PHST- 2021/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/28 20:08 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(21)00308-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.08.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2021 Sep 14;54(9):2133-2142.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.08.001. Epub 2021 Aug 13. PMID- 34453762 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211206 LR - 20220731 IS - 1096-8652 (Electronic) IS - 0361-8609 (Print) IS - 0361-8609 (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 12 DP - 2021 Dec 1 TI - Cerebral venous thrombosis and myeloproliferative neoplasms: A three-center study of 74 consecutive cases. PG - 1580-1586 LID - 10.1002/ajh.26336 [doi] AB - The recent association of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) with COVID-19 vaccinations prompted the current retrospective review of 74 cases of CVT (median age = 44 years, range 15-85; 61% females) associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), seen at the Mayo Clinic, Catholic University of Rome, and University of Florence, between 1991 and 2021. Disease-specific frequencies were 1.3% (39/2893), 1.2% (21/1811) and 0.2% (3/1888) for essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera and primary myelofibrosis, respectively. Cerebral venous thrombosis occurred either prior to (n = 20, 27%), at (n = 32, 44%) or after (n = 22) MPN diagnosis. A total of 72% of patients presented with headaches. Transverse (51%), sagittal (43%) and sigmoid sinuses (35%) were involved with central nervous system hemorrhage noted in 10 (14%) patients. In all, 91% of tested patients harbored JAK2V617F. An underlying thrombophilic condition was identified in 19 (31%) cases and history of thrombosis in 10 (14%). Treatment for CVT included systemic anticoagulation alone (n = 27) or in conjunction with aspirin (n = 24), cytoreductive therapy (n = 14), or both (n = 9). At a median follow-up of 5.1 years (range 0.1-28.6), recurrent CVT was documented in three (4%) patients while recurrent arterial and venous thromboses and major hemorrhage were recorded in 11%, 9% and 14%, respectively. Follow-up neurological assessment revealed headaches (n = 9), vision loss (n = 1) and cognitive impairment (n = 1). The current study lends clarity to MPN-associated CVT and highlights its close association with JAK2V617F, younger age and female gender. Clinical features that distinguish COVID vaccine-related CVT from MPN-associated CVT include, in the latter, lower likelihood of concurrent venous thromboses and intracerebral hemorrhage; as a result, MPN-associated CVT was not fatal. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. American Journal of Hematology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Gangat, Naseema AU - Gangat N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9104-6172 AD - Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Guglielmelli, Paola AU - Guglielmelli P AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, CRIMM, Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Betti, Silvia AU - Betti S AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Farrukh, Faiqa AU - Farrukh F AD - Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Carobbio, Alessandra AU - Carobbio A AD - Foundation of Clinical Research-FROM Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy. FAU - Barbui, Tiziano AU - Barbui T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2747-6327 AD - Foundation of Clinical Research-FROM Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy. FAU - Vannucchi, Alessandro M AU - Vannucchi AM AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, CRIMM, Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - De Stefano, Valerio AU - De Stefano V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5178-5827 AD - Section of Hematology, Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Tefferi, Ayalew AU - Tefferi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4605-3821 AD - Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20210910 PL - United States TA - Am J Hematol JT - American journal of hematology JID - 7610369 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - EC 2.7.10.2 (JAK2 protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.10.2 (Janus Kinase 2) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - COVID-19/*prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*adverse effects MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Intracranial Thrombosis/*etiology/genetics MH - Janus Kinase 2/genetics MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Myeloproliferative Disorders/*complications/genetics MH - Point Mutation MH - Polycythemia Vera/complications/genetics MH - Primary Myelofibrosis/complications/genetics MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Thrombocythemia, Essential/complications/genetics MH - Venous Thrombosis/*etiology/genetics MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC9293093 EDAT- 2021/08/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/07/18 CRDT- 2021/08/28 12:15 PHST- 2021/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/28 12:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AJH26336 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ajh.26336 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Hematol. 2021 Dec 1;96(12):1580-1586. doi: 10.1002/ajh.26336. Epub 2021 Sep 10. PMID- 34452355 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210910 LR - 20210910 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 8 DP - 2021 Jul 29 TI - Detection of IFNgamma-Secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) Memory T Cells in COVID-19 Convalescents after Stimulation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with Live SARS-CoV-2. LID - 10.3390/v13081490 [doi] LID - 1490 AB - BACKGROUND: New coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, a causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, has been circulating among humans since November 2019. Multiple studies have assessed the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of virus-specific immunity in COVID-19 convalescents, however, some aspects of the development of memory T-cell responses after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection remain uncovered. METHODS: In most of published studies T-cell immunity to the new coronavirus is assessed using peptides corresponding to SARS-CoV-1 or SARS-CoV-2 T-cell epitopes, or with peptide pools covering various parts of the viral proteins. Here, we determined the level of CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory T-cell responses in COVID-19 convalescents by stimulating PBMCs collected 1 to 6 months after recovery with sucrose gradient-purified live SARS-CoV-2. IFNgamma production by the central and effector memory helper and cytotoxic T cells was assessed by intracellular cytokine staining assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Stimulation of PBMCs with live SARS-CoV-2 revealed IFNgamma-producing T-helper effector memory cells with CD4(+)CD45RA(-)CCR7(-) phenotype, which persisted in circulation for up to 6 month after COVID-19. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2-specific IFNgamma-secreting cytotoxic effector memory T cells were found at significant levels only shortly after the disease, but rapidly decreased over time. CONCLUSION: The stimulation of immune cells with live SARS-CoV-2 revealed a rapid decline in the pool of effector memory CD8(+), but not CD4(+), T cells after recovery from COVID-19. These data provide additional information on the development and persistence of cellular immune responses after natural infection, and can inform further development of T cell-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. FAU - Matyushenko, Victoria AU - Matyushenko V AD - Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia. FAU - Isakova-Sivak, Irina AU - Isakova-Sivak I AD - Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia. FAU - Kudryavtsev, Igor AU - Kudryavtsev I AD - Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia. FAU - Goshina, Arina AU - Goshina A AD - Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia. FAU - Chistyakova, Anna AU - Chistyakova A AD - Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia. FAU - Stepanova, Ekaterina AU - Stepanova E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8670-8645 AD - Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia. FAU - Prokopenko, Polina AU - Prokopenko P AD - Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia. FAU - Sychev, Ivan AU - Sychev I AD - Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia. FAU - Rudenko, Larisa AU - Rudenko L AD - Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia. LA - eng GR - 21-75-30003/Russian Scientific Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210729 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) SB - IM MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/virology MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Interferon-gamma/*immunology MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/*immunology/virology MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics/*immunology/physiology MH - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology PMC - PMC8402842 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 convalescents OT - PBMC OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T-cell memory OT - T-helper long-lived immunity COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/08/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/11 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/29 CRDT- 2021/08/28 01:06 PHST- 2021/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/28 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v13081490 [pii] AID - viruses-13-01490 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v13081490 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2021 Jul 29;13(8):1490. doi: 10.3390/v13081490. PMID- 34450033 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210915 LR - 20211123 IS - 2211-1247 (Electronic) VI - 36 IP - 10 DP - 2021 Sep 7 TI - Combining spike- and nucleocapsid-based vaccines improves distal control of SARS-CoV-2. PG - 109664 LID - S2211-1247(21)01108-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109664 [doi] AB - SARS-CoV-2 infection causes respiratory insufficiency and neurological manifestations, including loss of smell and psychiatric disorders, and can be fatal. Most vaccines are based on the spike antigen alone, and although they have shown efficacy at preventing severe disease and death, they do not always confer sterilizing immunity. Here, we interrogate whether SARS-CoV-2 vaccines could be improved by incorporating nucleocapsid as an antigen. We show that, after 72 h of challenge, a spike-based vaccine confers acute protection in the lung, but not in the brain. However, combining a spike-based vaccine with a nucleocapsid-based vaccine confers acute protection in both the lung and brain. These findings suggest that nucleocapsid-specific immunity can improve the distal control of SARS-CoV-2, warranting the inclusion of nucleocapsid in next-generation COVID-19 vaccines. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Dangi, Tanushree AU - Dangi T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Class, Jacob AU - Class J AD - Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Illinois, Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. FAU - Palacio, Nicole AU - Palacio N AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. FAU - Richner, Justin M AU - Richner JM AD - Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Illinois, Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Electronic address: richner@uic.edu. FAU - Penaloza MacMaster, Pablo AU - Penaloza MacMaster P AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address: ppm@northwestern.edu. LA - eng GR - DP2 DA051912/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210817 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep JT - Cell reports JID - 101573691 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins) RN - 0 (Phosphoproteins) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (nucleocapsid phosphoprotein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Brain/drug effects/virology MH - COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/*immunology MH - Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunogenicity, Vaccine MH - Lung/drug effects/virology MH - Mice MH - Phosphoproteins/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology MH - Viral Load/drug effects PMC - PMC8367759 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 vaccines OT - nucleocapsid antigen OT - spike antigen COIS- Declaration of interests P.P.M. reports being Task Force Advisor to the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) on SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. P.P.M. is also a member/advisor of the COVID-19 Vaccine Regulatory Science Consortium (CoVAXCEN) at Northwestern University's Institute for Global Health. EDAT- 2021/08/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/16 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/17 CRDT- 2021/08/27 20:10 PHST- 2021/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/27 20:10 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-1247(21)01108-6 [pii] AID - 109664 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109664 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep. 2021 Sep 7;36(10):109664. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109664. Epub 2021 Aug 17. PMID- 34440612 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210921 LR - 20210921 IS - 2073-4409 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4409 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 8 DP - 2021 Jul 21 TI - Affinity Tag Coating Enables Reliable Detection of Antigen-Specific B Cells in Immunospot Assays. LID - 10.3390/cells10081843 [doi] LID - 1843 AB - Assessment of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious agents is typically restricted to detecting antigen-specific antibodies in the serum. Rarely does immune monitoring entail assessment of the memory B-cell compartment itself, although it is these cells that engage in secondary antibody responses capable of mediating immune protection when pre-existing antibodies fail to prevent re-infection. There are few techniques that are capable of detecting rare antigen-specific B cells while also providing information regarding their relative abundance, class/subclass usage and functional affinity. In theory, the ELISPOT/FluoroSpot (collectively ImmunoSpot) assay platform is ideally suited for antigen-specific B-cell assessments since it provides this information at single-cell resolution for individual antibody-secreting cells (ASC). Here, we tested the hypothesis that antigen-coating efficiency could be universally improved across a diverse set of viral antigens if the standard direct (non-specific, low affinity) antigen absorption to the membrane was substituted by high-affinity capture. Specifically, we report an enhancement in assay sensitivity and a reduction in required protein concentrations through the capture of recombinant proteins via their encoded hexahistidine (6XHis) affinity tag. Affinity tag antigen coating enabled detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor binding domain (RBD)-reactive ASC, and also significantly improved assay performance using additional control antigens. Collectively, establishment of a universal antigen-coating approach streamlines characterization of the memory B-cell compartment after SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccinations, and facilitates high-throughput immune-monitoring efforts of large donor cohorts in general. FAU - Koppert, Sebastian AU - Koppert S AD - Research & Development Department, Cellular Technology Limited, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. AD - Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. FAU - Wolf, Carla AU - Wolf C AD - Research & Development Department, Cellular Technology Limited, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. AD - Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. FAU - Becza, Noemi AU - Becza N AD - Research & Development Department, Cellular Technology Limited, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Sautto, Giuseppe A AU - Sautto GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0273-2235 AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. FAU - Franke, Fridolin AU - Franke F AD - Research & Development Department, Cellular Technology Limited, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Kuerten, Stefanie AU - Kuerten S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6119-605X AD - Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. AD - Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany. FAU - Ross, Ted M AU - Ross TM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1947-7469 AD - Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. FAU - Lehmann, Paul V AU - Lehmann PV AD - Research & Development Department, Cellular Technology Limited, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. FAU - Kirchenbaum, Greg A AU - Kirchenbaum GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6463-7623 AD - Research & Development Department, Cellular Technology Limited, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210721 PL - Switzerland TA - Cells JT - Cells JID - 101600052 RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (His-His-His-His-His-His) RN - 0 (Oligopeptides) RN - 0 (Viral Proteins) RN - 4QD397987E (Histidine) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antigens, Viral/*analysis MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19 MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay/*methods MH - Histidine MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Mice MH - Oligopeptides MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology/metabolism MH - Viral Proteins/*immunology PMC - PMC8394687 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EBV OT - HCMV OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody-secreting cell OT - antigen coating OT - fluorospot OT - immune monitoring OT - influenza OT - memory B cell OT - plasmablast COIS- P.V.L. is the Founder, President and CEO of CTL, a company that specializes in immune monitoring by ELISPOT testing, producing high-throughput-suitable readers, test kits, and GLP-compliant contract research. G.A.K. and N.B. are also employees of CTL. The mouse anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike mAbs, developed by G.A.S. and T.M.R, have been filed with the Innovation Gateway at the University of Georgia and are currently licensed for distribution by Kerafast. S.K., C.W., F.F. and S.K. declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2021/08/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/22 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/21 CRDT- 2021/08/27 01:07 PHST- 2021/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/27 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cells10081843 [pii] AID - cells-10-01843 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cells10081843 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cells. 2021 Jul 21;10(8):1843. doi: 10.3390/cells10081843. PMID- 34414383 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220502 LR - 20240923 IS - 2666-6340 (Electronic) IS - 2666-6359 (Print) IS - 2666-6340 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 9 DP - 2021 Sep 10 TI - Protective heterologous T cell immunity in COVID-19 induced by the trivalent MMR and Tdap vaccine antigens. PG - 1050-1071.e7 LID - 10.1016/j.medj.2021.08.004 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: T cells control viral infection, promote vaccine durability, and in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associate with mild disease. We investigated whether prior measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) or tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Tdap) vaccination elicits cross-reactive T cells that mitigate COVID-19. METHODS: Antigen-presenting cells (APC) loaded ex vivo with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), MMR, or Tdap antigens and autologous T cells from COVID-19-convalescent participants, uninfected individuals, and COVID-19 mRNA-vaccinated donors were co-cultured. T cell activation and phenotype were detected by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assays and flow cytometry. ELISAs (enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays) and validation studies identified the APC-derived cytokine(s) driving T cell activation. TCR clonotyping and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) identified cross-reactive T cells and their transcriptional profile. A propensity-weighted analysis of COVID-19 patients estimated the effects of MMR and Tdap vaccination on COVID-19 outcomes. FINDINGS: High correlation was observed between T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 (spike-S1 and nucleocapsid) and MMR and Tdap proteins in COVID-19-convalescent and -vaccinated individuals. The overlapping T cell population contained an effector memory T cell subset (effector memory re-expressing CD45RA on T cells [T(EMRA)]) implicated in protective, anti-viral immunity, and their detection required APC-derived IL-15, known to sensitize T cells to activation. Cross-reactive TCR repertoires detected in antigen-experienced T cells recognizing SARS-CoV-2, MMR, and Tdap epitopes had T(EMRA) features. Indices of disease severity were reduced in MMR- or Tdap-vaccinated individuals by 32%-38% and 20%-23%, respectively, among COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Tdap and MMR memory T cells reactivated by SARS-CoV-2 may provide protection against severe COVID-19. FUNDING: This study was supported by a National Institutes of Health (R01HL065095, R01AI152522, R01NS097719) donation from Barbara and Amos Hostetter and the Chleck Foundation. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. FAU - Mysore, Vijayashree AU - Mysore V AD - Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Cullere, Xavier AU - Cullere X AD - Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Settles, Matthew L AU - Settles ML AD - Bioinformatics Core Facility in the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. FAU - Ji, Xinge AU - Ji X AD - Quantitative Health Science Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. FAU - Kattan, Michael W AU - Kattan MW AD - Quantitative Health Science Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. FAU - Desjardins, Michael AU - Desjardins M AD - Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Durbin-Johnson, Blythe AU - Durbin-Johnson B AD - Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. FAU - Gilboa, Tal AU - Gilboa T AD - Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Baden, Lindsey R AU - Baden LR AD - Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Walt, David R AU - Walt DR AD - Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Lichtman, Andrew H AU - Lichtman AH AD - Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Jehi, Lara AU - Jehi L AD - Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. FAU - Mayadas, Tanya N AU - Mayadas TN AD - Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 AI152522/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL065095/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 NS097719/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210814 PL - United States TA - Med JT - Med (New York, N.Y.) JID - 101769215 RN - 0 (Mumps Vaccine) RN - 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell) RN - 0 (Rubella Vaccine) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) UOF - bioRxiv. 2021 May 04:2021.05.03.441323. doi: 10.1101/2021.05.03.441323. PMID: 33972940 CIN - Med. 2021 Sep 10;2(9):999-1001. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.08.009. PMID: 34522907 MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - *Measles MH - Mumps Vaccine MH - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell MH - Rubella Vaccine MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - T-Lymphocytes MH - *Whooping Cough PMC - PMC8363466 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - TCR repertoire OT - antibody titers OT - antigen presenting cells OT - antigens OT - heterologous immunity OT - memory T cells OT - risk prediction OT - transcriptome OT - vaccines COIS- M.L.S., B.D.-J., M.D., L.R.B., A.H.L., X.J., M.W.K., and L.J. declare that they have no competing interests to disclose. D.R.W. has a financial interest in Quanterix Corporation, a company that develops an ultra-sensitive digital immunoassay platform. He is an inventor of the Simoa technology, founder of the company, and serves on its Board of Directors. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 Simoa assays in this publication have been licensed by Brigham and Women's Hospital to Quanterix Corporation. T.G. receives royalty payments from Brigham and Women's Hospital for the antibody assay technology. T.N.M. has a financial interest in neuAPC Therapeutics, a company that will develop AAC for the generation of nAPCs and serves as one of its scientific advisors. V.M., X.C., and T.N.M. have a provisional patent on the generation of immunogenic nAPCs and methods of use thereof. EDAT- 2021/08/21 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/21 06:01 PMCR- 2021/08/14 CRDT- 2021/08/20 07:10 PHST- 2021/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/21 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/20 07:10 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-6340(21)00289-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.medj.2021.08.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Med. 2021 Sep 10;2(9):1050-1071.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.08.004. Epub 2021 Aug 14. PMID- 34408875 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240814 IS - 2050-0068 (Print) IS - 2050-0068 (Electronic) IS - 2050-0068 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 8 DP - 2021 TI - Rapid whole-blood assay to detect SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T-cell immunity following a single dose of AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S COVID-19 vaccine. PG - e1326 LID - 10.1002/cti2.1326 [doi] LID - e1326 AB - OBJECTIVES: With the ongoing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and potential to evade vaccine-induced neutralisation, understanding the magnitude and breadth of vaccine-induced T-cell immunity will be critical for the ongoing optimisation of vaccine approaches. Strategies that provide a rapid and easily translatable means of assessing virus-specific T-cell responses provide an opportunity to monitor the impact of vaccine rollouts in the community. In this study, we assessed whether our recently developed SARS-CoV-2 whole-blood assay could be used effectively to analyse T-cell responses following vaccination. METHODS: Following a median of 15 days after the first dose of the ChAdOx1-S (AstraZeneca((R))) vaccine, peripheral blood was isolated from 58 participants. Blood was incubated overnight with an overlapping set of spike protein peptides and assessed for cytokine production using a cytometric bead array. RESULTS: The majority of vaccine recipients (51/58) generated a T helper 1 response (IFN-gamma and/or IL-2) following a single dose of ChAdOx1-S. The magnitude of the IFN-gamma and IL-2 response strongly correlated in vaccine recipients. While the production of other cytokines was evident in individuals who did not generate IFN-gamma and IL-2, they showed no correlation in magnitude, nor did we see a correlation between sex or age and the magnitude of the response. CONCLUSIONS: The whole-blood cytokine assay provides a rapid approach to assessing T-cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in vaccine recipients. While the majority of participants generated a robust SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell response following their first dose, some did not, demonstrating the likely importance of the booster dose in improving T-cell immunity. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology, Inc. FAU - Lineburg, Katie E AU - Lineburg KE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5712-2610 AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Neller, Michelle A AU - Neller MA AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Ambalathingal, George R AU - Ambalathingal GR AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Le Texier, Laetitia AU - Le Texier L AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Raju, Jyothy AU - Raju J AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Swaminathan, Srividhya AU - Swaminathan S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0750-3650 AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. AD - Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Lekieffre, Lea AU - Lekieffre L AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Smith, Caitlyn AU - Smith C AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Rehan, Sweera AU - Rehan S AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Crooks, Pauline AU - Crooks P AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Panikkar, Archana AU - Panikkar A AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Srihari, Sriganesh AU - Srihari S AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Khanna, Rajiv AU - Khanna R AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. AD - Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Smith, Corey AU - Smith C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7550-9595 AD - QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory Department of Immunology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. AD - Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210812 PL - Australia TA - Clin Transl Immunology JT - Clinical & translational immunology JID - 101638268 PMC - PMC8360255 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - vaccine COIS- The authors report no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/08/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/20 06:01 PMCR- 2021/08/12 CRDT- 2021/08/19 06:42 PHST- 2021/07/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/19 06:42 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/20 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CTI21326 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cti2.1326 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Transl Immunology. 2021 Aug 12;10(8):e1326. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1326. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34405142 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220302 IS - 2632-1297 (Electronic) IS - 2632-1297 (Linking) VI - 3 IP - 3 DP - 2021 TI - Clinical characteristics of headache after vaccination against COVID-19 (coronavirus SARS-CoV-2) with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine: a multicentre observational cohort study. PG - fcab169 LID - 10.1093/braincomms/fcab169 [doi] LID - fcab169 AB - The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causes the infectious disease COVID-19. Newly developed mRNA vaccines can prevent the spread of the virus. Headache is the most common neurological symptom in over 50% of those vaccinated. Detailed information about the clinical characteristics of this form of headache has not yet been described. The aim of the study is to examine in detail the clinical characteristics of headaches occurring after vaccination against COVID-19 with the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine for the first time. In a multicentre observational cohort study, data on the clinical features and corresponding variables were recorded using a standardized online questionnaire. The questionnaire was circulated to 12 000 residential care homes of the elderly as well as tertiary university hospitals in Germany and the United Arab Emirates. The primary outcomes of this study are the clinical features of headache after vaccination. Comorbidities, treatment with medication and sociodemographic variables are also analysed. A total of 2349 participants reported headaches after vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Headaches occur an average of 18.0 +/- 27.0 h after vaccination and last an average duration of 14.2 +/- 21.3 h. Only 9.7% of those affected also report headaches resulting from previous vaccinations. In 66.6% of the participants, headache occurs as a single episode. A bilateral location is indicated by 73.1% of the participants. This is most often found on the forehead (38.0%) and temples (32.1%). A pressing pain character is indicated by 49.2% and 40.7% report a dull pain character. The pain intensity is most often moderate (46.2%), severe (32.1%) or very severe (8.2%). The most common accompanying symptoms are fatigue (38.8%), exhaustion (25.7%) and muscle pain (23.4%). Headaches after COVID-19 vaccination show an extensive complex of symptoms. The constellation of accompanying symptoms together with the temporal and spatial headache characteristics delimit a distinctive headache phenotype. CI - (c) The Author(s) (2021). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. FAU - Gobel, Carl H AU - Gobel CH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4283-6936 AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. AD - Kiel Migraine and Headache Centre, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Heinze, Axel AU - Heinze A AD - Kiel Migraine and Headache Centre, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Karstedt, Sarah AU - Karstedt S AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. AD - Kiel Migraine and Headache Centre, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Morscheck, Mascha AU - Morscheck M AD - Kiel Migraine and Headache Centre, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Tashiro, Lilian AU - Tashiro L AD - Kiel Migraine and Headache Centre, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Cirkel, Anna AU - Cirkel A AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. AD - Kiel Migraine and Headache Centre, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Hamid, Qutayba AU - Hamid Q AD - College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Halwani, Rabih AU - Halwani R AD - College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Temsah, Mohamad-Hani AU - Temsah MH AD - College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Ziemann, Malte AU - Ziemann M AD - Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Gorg, Siegfried AU - Gorg S AD - Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Munte, Thomas AU - Munte T AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Gobel, Hartmut AU - Gobel H AD - Kiel Migraine and Headache Centre, Kiel, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210723 PL - England TA - Brain Commun JT - Brain communications JID - 101755125 EIN - Brain Commun. 2021 Sep 03;3(3):fcab195. doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab195. PMID: 34514399 PMC - PMC8344581 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - International Classification of Headache Disorders OT - headache OT - mRNA vaccine OT - side-effects EDAT- 2021/08/19 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/19 06:01 PMCR- 2021/07/23 CRDT- 2021/08/18 06:33 PHST- 2021/05/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/06/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/18 06:33 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/19 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - fcab169 [pii] AID - 10.1093/braincomms/fcab169 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Commun. 2021 Jul 23;3(3):fcab169. doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab169. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34384971 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210906 LR - 20221221 IS - 1878-5883 (Electronic) IS - 0022-510X (Print) IS - 0022-510X (Linking) VI - 428 DP - 2021 Sep 15 TI - Neurological comorbidities and COVID-19-related case fatality: A cohort study. PG - 117610 LID - S0022-510X(21)00304-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jns.2021.117610 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Neurological involvement in Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is widely recognized. However, the role of pre-existing neurological comorbidities in modulating COVID-19-related mortality still remains unclear. This cohort study evaluates the COVID-19-related case fatality rate (CFR) of patients with pre-existing neurological diseases. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated all patients consecutively admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of COVID-19 between March and April 2020. We used a multivariate regression analysis to estimate the association between pre-existing neurological diseases and COVID-19-related mortality. Then, we compared the CFR and survival curves of two cohorts (patients suffering vs. those not suffering from pre-existing neurological disease), matched trough the propensity score (PS). Age and other comorbidities were considered for PS calculation. We applied a 1:1 matching for the entire neurological cohort and, separately, for cerebrovascular, neurodegenerative, and other neurological diseases. RESULTS: Among 332 patients, 75 (22.6%) were affected by pre-existing neurological disease (n = 29 cerebrovascular, n = 26 neurodegenerative, n = 20 others). From the multivariate regression analysis, they resulted with a significant increase of COVID-19-related mortality (OR:2.559; 95%CI 1.181-5.545; p < 0.017). From the cohort analysis, CFR resulted 2-fold higher in patients with neurological disease (48.0% vs. 24.0%; p = 0.002). CFR was significantly higher in patients with neurodegenerative diseases compared to matched individuals (73.9% vs. 39.1%; p = 0.017), while CFR increase in patients with cerebrovascular diseases did not reach statistical significance (48.3% vs. 41.4%; p = 0.597). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-existing neurological comorbidities, in particular neurodegenerative diseases, increase significantly COVID-19-related case fatality, indicating a clear priority for viral screening, access to care facilities and vaccination in these populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Romagnolo, Alberto AU - Romagnolo A AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy; SC Neurologia 2U, AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. Electronic address: alberto.romagnolo@unito.it. FAU - Imbalzano, Gabriele AU - Imbalzano G AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy; SC Neurologia 2U, AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. FAU - Artusi, Carlo Alberto AU - Artusi CA AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy; SC Neurologia 2U, AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. FAU - Balestrino, Roberta AU - Balestrino R AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Ledda, Claudia AU - Ledda C AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy; SC Neurologia 2U, AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. FAU - De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe AU - De Rosa FG AD - SC Malattie Infettive U, AOU Citta della Salute e Scienza, Turin, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Riccardini, Franco AU - Riccardini F AD - Front Line P.S. P.O. Molinette, AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. FAU - Montanaro, Elisa AU - Montanaro E AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy; SC Neurologia 2U, AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. FAU - Bozzali, Marco AU - Bozzali M AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex, United Kingdom. FAU - Rizzone, Mario Giorgio AU - Rizzone MG AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy; SC Neurologia 2U, AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. FAU - Zibetti, Maurizio AU - Zibetti M AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy; SC Neurologia 2U, AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. FAU - Lopiano, Leonardo AU - Lopiano L AD - Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy; SC Neurologia 2U, AOU Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210805 PL - Netherlands TA - J Neurol Sci JT - Journal of the neurological sciences JID - 0375403 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Cohort Studies MH - Comorbidity MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8339457 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Dementia OT - Mortality OT - Neurology OT - Stroke EDAT- 2021/08/14 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/07 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/05 CRDT- 2021/08/13 06:01 PHST- 2021/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/13 06:01 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0022-510X(21)00304-X [pii] AID - 117610 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jns.2021.117610 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurol Sci. 2021 Sep 15;428:117610. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.117610. Epub 2021 Aug 5. PMID- 34375861 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211019 LR - 20221221 IS - 2211-0356 (Electronic) IS - 2211-0348 (Print) IS - 2211-0348 (Linking) VI - 55 DP - 2021 Oct TI - Patient-reported safety and tolerability of the COVID-19 vaccines in persons with rare neuroimmunological diseases. PG - 103189 LID - S2211-0348(21)00456-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103189 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 vaccines are currently recommended for people with rare neuroimmunological diseases such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), MOG-antibody disease (MOGAD), and transverse myelitis. However, the safety profile of the vaccines in this population is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To report real-world safety data of the COVID-19 vaccines in persons with rare neuroimmunological diseases. METHODS: An anonymous survey was distributed to patients recruited on social media. Participants answered general demographic and disease-related questions, and specific questions about their experiences with the COVID-19 vaccines. RESULTS: 438 participants completed the questionnaire. The median age was 51 (range 18-82 years); 366 were female (83.6%); 102 (23.3%) had associated comorbidities, and 354 (80.1%) were treated with immunotherapies. 242 participants (55.3%) reported a diagnosis of NMOSD; 99 (22.6%) had MOGAD; 79 (18%) had transverse myelitis. 239 participants (66.2%) were younger than 55 years of age. 138 participants (31.5%) reported earlyadverse events. Of these, 93 (67.4%) were < 55 years old, and 45 (32.6%) were > 55 years old (p=0.0086). The most common adverse events were local reactions, including pain, redness, and swelling at the injection site, reported by 155 participants (35.4%). 73 participants (16.7%) reported new or worsening neurological symptoms following the vaccination. Most symptoms occurred within the first week after vaccination and resolved within three days. CONCLUSIONS: This survey indicates an overall favorable safety and tolerability profile of the COVID-19 vaccines among persons with rare neuroimmunological diseases. Longer-term studies are warranted to confirm these data. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Lotan, Itay AU - Lotan I AD - Division of Neuroimmunology & Neuroinfectious Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. Electronic address: ilotan@mgh.harvard.edu. FAU - Romanow, Gabriela AU - Romanow G AD - Division of Neuroimmunology & Neuroinfectious Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. FAU - Levy, Michael AU - Levy M AD - Division of Neuroimmunology & Neuroinfectious Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210802 PL - Netherlands TA - Mult Scler Relat Disord JT - Multiple sclerosis and related disorders JID - 101580247 RN - 0 (Aquaporin 4) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Aquaporin 4 MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - *Neuromyelitis Optica MH - Patient Reported Outcome Measures MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8327627 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - MOGAD OT - NMOSD OT - Safety OT - Tolerability OT - Vaccine COIS- This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. EDAT- 2021/08/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/21 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/02 CRDT- 2021/08/10 20:19 PHST- 2021/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/10 20:19 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-0348(21)00456-9 [pii] AID - 103189 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103189 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 Oct;55:103189. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103189. Epub 2021 Aug 2. PMID- 34367150 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210816 LR - 20260901 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - Evolution of Human Memory B Cells From Childhood to Old Age. PG - 690534 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690534 [doi] LID - 690534 AB - High quality medical assistance and preventive strategies, including pursuing a healthy lifestyle, result in a progressively growing percentage of older people. The population and workforce is aging in all countries of the world. It is widely recognized that older individuals show an increased susceptibility to infections and a reduced response to vaccination suggesting that the aged immune system is less able to react and consequently protect the organism. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is dramatically showing us that the organism reacts to novel pathogens in an age-dependent manner. The decline of the immune system observed in aging remains unclear. We aimed to understand the role of B cells. We analyzed peripheral blood from children (4-18 years); young people (23-60 years) and elderly people (65-91 years) by flow cytometry. We also measured antibody secretion by ELISA following a T-independent stimulation. Here we show that the elderly have a significant reduction of CD27(dull) memory B cells, a population that bridges innate and adaptive immune functions. In older people, memory B cells are mostly high specialized antigen-selected CD27(bright). Moreover, after in vitro stimulation with CpG, B cells from older individuals produced significantly fewer IgM and IgA antibodies compared to younger individuals. Aging is a complex process characterized by a functional decline in multiple physiological systems. The immune system of older people is well equipped to react to often encountered antigens but has a low ability to respond to new pathogens. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Ciocca, Zaffina, Fernandez Salinas, Bocci, Palomba, Conti, Terreri, Frisullo, Giorda, Scarsella, Brugaletta, Vinci, Magnavita, Carsetti and Piano Mortari. FAU - Ciocca, Michela AU - Ciocca M AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Zaffina, Salvatore AU - Zaffina S AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Health Directorate, Occupational Medicine, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fernandez Salinas, Ane AU - Fernandez Salinas A AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Bocci, Chiara AU - Bocci C AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Palomba, Patrizia AU - Palomba P AD - Diagnostic Immunology Clinical Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Conti, Maria Giulia AU - Conti MG AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Terreri, Sara AU - Terreri S AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Frisullo, Giuseppe AU - Frisullo G AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Giorda, Ezio AU - Giorda E AD - Core Facilities, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Scarsella, Marco AU - Scarsella M AD - Core Facilities, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Brugaletta, Rita AU - Brugaletta R AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Health Directorate, Occupational Medicine, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Vinci, Maria Rosaria AU - Vinci MR AD - Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Health Directorate, Occupational Medicine, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Magnavita, Nicola AU - Magnavita N AD - Post-Graduate School of Occupational Health, Section of Occupational Medicine and Labor Law, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Woman, Child & Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Carsetti, Rita AU - Carsetti R AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Diagnostic Immunology Clinical Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Piano Mortari, Eva AU - Piano Mortari E AD - Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210723 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Aging/*immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/immunology MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cytokines/immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin A/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin M/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Pandemics PMC - PMC8343175 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell OT - CD27 OT - T cell-independent B-cell activation OT - aging OT - memory B cell (MBC) COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/08/10 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/17 06:00 PMCR- 2021/01/01 CRDT- 2021/08/09 06:30 PHST- 2021/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/09 06:30 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690534 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2021 Jul 23;12:690534. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690534. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34362855 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211025 LR - 20250530 IS - 1468-330X (Electronic) IS - 0022-3050 (Print) IS - 0022-3050 (Linking) VI - 92 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Nov TI - Considerations for causality assessment of neurological and neuropsychiatric complications of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: from cerebral venous sinus thrombosis to functional neurological disorder. PG - 1144-1151 LID - 10.1136/jnnp-2021-326924 [doi] FAU - Butler, Matt AU - Butler M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9734-6539 AD - Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK. FAU - Tamborska, Arina AU - Tamborska A AD - Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. AD - University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Wood, Greta K AU - Wood GK AD - Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. AD - University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Ellul, Mark AU - Ellul M AD - Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Thomas, Rhys H AU - Thomas RH AD - Department of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK. AD - Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. FAU - Galea, Ian AU - Galea I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1268-5102 AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. FAU - Pett, Sarah AU - Pett S AD - MRC CTU at UCL, Institute for Global Health and Institute for Clinical Trials Methodology, University College London, London, UK. FAU - Singh, Bhagteshwar AU - Singh B AD - University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Solomon, Tom AU - Solomon T AD - Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Pollak, Thomas Arthur AU - Pollak TA AD - Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. FAU - Michael, Benedict D AU - Michael BD AD - Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. AD - University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Nicholson, Timothy R AU - Nicholson TR AD - King's College London, London, UK timothy.nicholson@kcl.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - IS-HPU-1112-10117/DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom GR - MR/V007181/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/V033441/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_12023/22/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/V03605X/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/T028750/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_00004/04/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210806 PL - England TA - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry JT - Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry JID - 2985191R RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*adverse effects MH - Causality MH - Clinical Trials as Topic MH - Humans MH - Mental Disorders/*etiology MH - Nervous System Diseases/*etiology MH - Public Health Surveillance MH - Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/*etiology PMC - PMC7614639 MID - EMS176927 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Guillain-Barre syndrome OT - clinical neurology OT - conversion disorder OT - functional neurological disorder COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2021/08/08 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/26 06:00 PMCR- 2023/06/14 CRDT- 2021/08/07 05:43 PHST- 2021/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/07 05:43 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jnnp-2021-326924 [pii] AID - 10.1136/jnnp-2021-326924 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2021 Nov;92(11):1144-1151. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-326924. Epub 2021 Aug 6. PMID- 34362224 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240403 IS - 2077-0383 (Print) IS - 2077-0383 (Electronic) IS - 2077-0383 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 15 DP - 2021 Aug 2 TI - SARS-CoV-2 and the Brain: What Do We Know about the Causality of 'Cognitive COVID? LID - 10.3390/jcm10153441 [doi] LID - 3441 AB - The second year of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) pandemic has seen the need to identify and assess the long-term consequences of a SARS-CoV-2 infection on an individual's overall wellbeing, including adequate cognitive functioning. 'Cognitive COVID' is an informal term coined to interchangeably refer to acute changes in cognition during COVID-19 and/or cognitive sequelae with various deficits following the infection. These may manifest as altered levels of consciousness, encephalopathy-like symptoms, delirium, and loss of various memory domains. Dysexecutive syndrome is a peculiar manifestation of 'Cognitive COVID' as well. In the previous major outbreaks of viruses like SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and Influenza. There have been attempts to understand the underlying mechanisms describing the causality of similar symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review, therefore, is attempting to highlight the current understanding of the various direct and indirect mechanisms, focusing on the role of neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2, the general pro-inflammatory state, and the pandemic-associated psychosocial stressors in the causality of 'Cognitive COVID.' Neurotropism is associated with various mechanisms including retrograde neuronal transmission via olfactory pathway, a general hematogenous spread, and the virus using immune cells as vectors. The high amounts of inflammation caused by COVID-19, compounded with potential intubation, are associated with a deleterious effect on the cognition as well. Finally, the pandemic's unique psychosocial impact has raised alarm due to its possible effect on cognition. Furthermore, with surfacing reports of post-COVID-vaccination cognitive impairments after vaccines containing mRNA encoding for spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2, we hypothesize their causality and ways to mitigate the risk. The potential impact on the quality of life of an individual and the fact that even a minor proportion of COVID-19 cases developing cognitive impairment could be a significant burden on already overwhelmed healthcare systems across the world make it vital to gather further evidence regarding the prevalence, presentation, correlations, and causality of these events and reevaluate our approach to accommodate early identification, management, and rehabilitation of patients exhibiting cognitive symptoms. FAU - Ali Awan, Hashir AU - Ali Awan H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3579-810X AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi 74200, Pakistan. FAU - Najmuddin Diwan, Mufaddal AU - Najmuddin Diwan M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7926-9763 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi 74200, Pakistan. FAU - Aamir, Alifiya AU - Aamir A AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi 74200, Pakistan. FAU - Ali, Muneeza AU - Ali M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi 74200, Pakistan. FAU - Di Giannantonio, Massimo AU - Di Giannantonio M AD - Department of Neurosciences and Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy. FAU - Ullah, Irfan AU - Ullah I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1100-101X AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan. FAU - Shoib, Sheikh AU - Shoib S AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital, Srinagar 190003, India. FAU - De Berardis, Domenico AU - De Berardis D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4415-5058 AD - Department of Neurosciences and Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital, Srinagar 190003, India. AD - NHS, National Health Service, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service for Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital "G. Mazzini," ASL 4, 64100 Teramo, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210802 PL - Switzerland TA - J Clin Med JT - Journal of clinical medicine JID - 101606588 PMC - PMC8347421 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - brain OT - cognitive OT - diagnosis OT - neurotropism OT - prevention COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/08/08 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/08 06:01 PMCR- 2021/08/02 CRDT- 2021/08/07 01:12 PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/07 01:12 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/08 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jcm10153441 [pii] AID - jcm-10-03441 [pii] AID - 10.3390/jcm10153441 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Clin Med. 2021 Aug 2;10(15):3441. doi: 10.3390/jcm10153441. PMID- 34341771 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220506 IS - 2374-7943 (Print) IS - 2374-7951 (Electronic) IS - 2374-7943 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 7 DP - 2021 Jul 28 TI - An mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Employing Charge-Altering Releasable Transporters with a TLR-9 Agonist Induces Neutralizing Antibodies and T Cell Memory. PG - 1191-1204 LID - 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00361 [doi] AB - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has necessitated the rapid development of prophylactic vaccines. Two mRNA vaccines have been approved for emergency use by the FDA and have demonstrated extraordinary effectiveness. The success of these mRNA vaccines establishes the speed of development and therapeutic potential of mRNA. These authorized vaccines encode full-length versions of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. They are formulated with lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery vehicles that have inherent immunostimulatory properties. Different vaccination strategies and alternative mRNA delivery vehicles would be desirable to ensure flexibility of future generations of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the development of mRNA vaccines in general. Here, we report on the development of an alternative mRNA vaccine approach using a delivery vehicle called charge-altering releasable transporters (CARTs). Using these inherently nonimmunogenic vehicles, we can tailor the vaccine immunogenicity by inclusion of coformulated adjuvants such as oligodeoxynucleotides with CpG motifs (CpG-ODN). Mice vaccinated with the mRNA-CART vaccine developed therapeutically relevant levels of receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific neutralizing antibodies in both the circulation and in the lung bronchial fluids. In addition, vaccination elicited strong and long-lasting RBD-specific T(H)1 T cell responses including CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell memory. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. FAU - Haabeth, Ole A W AU - Haabeth OAW AD - Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - Lohmeyer, Julian J K AU - Lohmeyer JJK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8077-1910 AD - Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - Sallets, Adrienne AU - Sallets A AD - Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - Blake, Timothy R AU - Blake TR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7548-1492 AD - Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. AD - Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - Sagiv-Barfi, Idit AU - Sagiv-Barfi I AD - Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - Czerwinski, Debra K AU - Czerwinski DK AD - Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - McCarthy, Blaine AU - McCarthy B AD - Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - Powell, Abigail E AU - Powell AE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6408-9495 AD - Department of Biochemistry & Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - Wender, Paul A AU - Wender PA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6319-2829 AD - Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. AD - Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - Waymouth, Robert M AU - Waymouth RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9862-9509 AD - Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. FAU - Levy, Ronald AU - Levy R AD - Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States. LA - eng GR - F32 CA254128/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA031845/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R35 CA197353/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 CA196585/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210618 PL - United States TA - ACS Cent Sci JT - ACS central science JID - 101660035 UOF - bioRxiv. 2021 May 25:2021.04.14.439891. doi: 10.1101/2021.04.14.439891. PMID: 33880472 PMC - PMC8265720 COIS- The authors declare no competing financial interest. EDAT- 2021/08/04 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/04 06:01 PMCR- 2021/06/18 CRDT- 2021/08/03 06:40 PHST- 2021/03/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/03 06:40 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/04 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00361 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - ACS Cent Sci. 2021 Jul 28;7(7):1191-1204. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00361. Epub 2021 Jun 18. PMID- 34329696 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210924 LR - 20260428 IS - 1872-7492 (Electronic) IS - 0168-1702 (Print) IS - 0168-1702 (Linking) VI - 304 DP - 2021 Oct 15 TI - SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cell epitopes identified in COVID-19-recovered subjects. PG - 198508 LID - S0168-1702(21)00215-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198508 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection poses a serious threat to public health. An explicit investigation of COVID-19 immune responses, particularly the host immunity in recovered subjects, will lay a foundation for the rational design of therapeutics and/or vaccines against future coronaviral outbreaks. Here, we examined virus-specific T cell responses and identified T cell epitopes using peptides spanning SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins. These peptides were used to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from COVID-19-recovered subjects, followed by an analysis of IFN-gamma-secreting T cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot). We also evaluated virus-specific CD4 or CD8 T cell activation by flow cytometry assay. By screening 52 matrix pools (comprised of 315 peptides) of the spike (S) glycoprotein and 21 matrix pools (comprised of 102 peptides) spanning the nucleocapsid (N) protein, we identified 28 peptides from S protein and 5 peptides from N protein as immunodominant epitopes. The immunogenicity of these epitopes was confirmed by a second ELISpot using single peptide stimulation in memory T cells, and they were mapped by HLA restrictions. Notably, SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses positively correlated with B cell IgG and neutralizing antibody responses to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S protein. Our results demonstrate that defined levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses are generated in some, but not all, COVID-19-recovered subjects, fostering hope for the protection of a proportion of COVID-19-exposed individuals against reinfection. These results also suggest that these virus-specific T cell responses may induce protective immunity in unexposed individuals upon vaccination, using vaccines generated based on the immune epitopes identified in this study. However, SARS-CoV-2 S and N peptides are not potently immunogenic, and none of the single peptides could universally induce robust T cell responses, suggesting the necessity of using a multi-epitope strategy for COVID-19 vaccine design. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Zhao, Juan AU - Zhao J AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Wang, Ling AU - Wang L AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Schank, Madison AU - Schank M AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Dang, Xindi AU - Dang X AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Lu, Zeyuan AU - Lu Z AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Cao, Dechao AU - Cao D AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Khanal, Sushant AU - Khanal S AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Nguyen, Lam N AU - Nguyen LN AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Nguyen, Lam N T AU - Nguyen LNT AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Zhang, Jinyu AU - Zhang J AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Zhang, Yi AU - Zhang Y AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Adkins, James L AU - Adkins JL AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Baird, Evan M AU - Baird EM AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Wu, Xiao Y AU - Wu XY AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Ning, Shunbin AU - Ning S AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Gazzar, Mohamed El AU - Gazzar ME AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Moorman, Jonathan P AU - Moorman JP AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Hepatitis (HCV/HBV/HIV) Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. FAU - Yao, Zhi Q AU - Yao ZQ AD - Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States; Hepatitis (HCV/HBV/HIV) Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States. Electronic address: yao@etsu.edu. LA - eng GR - S10 OD021572/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - I01 BX004281/BX/BLRD VA/United States GR - I01 BX005428/BX/BLRD VA/United States GR - R01 AI114748/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI157909/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - I01 BX002670/BX/BLRD VA/United States GR - R21 AI138598/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R15 AG069544/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R15 AG076370/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20210727 PL - Netherlands TA - Virus Res JT - Virus research JID - 8410979 RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Immunodominant Epitopes) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology MH - COVID-19/epidemiology/*immunology MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/*immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunodominant Epitopes/immunology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8314866 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Epitope mapping OT - Nucleoprotein OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Spike glycoprotein OT - T cells COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/07/31 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/25 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/27 CRDT- 2021/07/30 20:11 PHST- 2021/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/30 20:11 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0168-1702(21)00215-X [pii] AID - 198508 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198508 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Virus Res. 2021 Oct 15;304:198508. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198508. Epub 2021 Jul 27. PMID- 34326180 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231227 IS - 1526-632X (Electronic) IS - 0028-3878 (Print) IS - 0028-3878 (Linking) VI - 97 IP - 15 DP - 2021 Oct 12 TI - COVID-19 and Vaccination in the Setting of Neurologic Disease: An Emerging Issue in Neurology. PG - 720-728 LID - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012578 [doi] AB - The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has left many unanswered questions for patients with neurological disorders and the providers caring for them. Elderly and immunocompromised patients are at increased risk for severe symptoms due to COVID-19, and the virus may increase symptoms of underlying neurological illness, particularly for those with significant bulbar and respiratory weakness or other neurologic disability. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 vaccines offer substantial protection from symptomatic infection, but both patients and providers may have concerns regarding theoretical risks of vaccination, including vaccine safety and efficacy in the context of immunotherapy and the potential for precipitating or exacerbating neurological symptoms. In this statement on behalf of the Quality Committee of the AAN we review the current literature, focusing on COVID-19 infection in adults with neurological disease, in order to elucidate risks and benefits of vaccination in these individuals. Based on existing evidence, neurologists should recommend COVID-19 vaccination to their patients. For those patients being treated with immunotherapies, attention should be paid to timing of vaccination with respect to treatment and the potential for an attenuated immune response. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. FAU - Marsh, Elisabeth B AU - Marsh EB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2385-5074 AD - The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD ebmarsh@jhmi.edu. FAU - Kornberg, Michael AU - Kornberg M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2588-7325 AD - The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. FAU - Kessler, Kevin AU - Kessler K AD - The University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA. FAU - Haq, Ihtsham AU - Haq I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8001-8440 AD - The University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. FAU - Patel, Anup D AU - Patel AD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9313-1541 AD - Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH. FAU - Nath, Avindra AU - Nath A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0927-5855 AD - The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. FAU - Schierman, Becky AU - Schierman B AD - The American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN. FAU - Jones, Lyell K Jr AU - Jones LK Jr AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5851-8705 AD - The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. CN - Quality Committee of the American Academy of Neurology* LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211012 PL - United States TA - Neurology JT - Neurology JID - 0401060 SB - IM PMC - PMC8575134 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - immunosuppression OT - infection OT - neurological disease EDAT- 2021/07/31 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/31 06:01 PMCR- 2021/10/12 CRDT- 2021/07/30 05:50 PHST- 2021/07/29 00:00 [aheadofprint] PHST- 2021/05/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/31 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/30 05:50 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - WNL.0000000000012578 [pii] AID - NEUROLOGY2021174018 [pii] AID - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012578 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Neurology. 2021 Oct 12;97(15):720-728. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012578. PMID- 34324407 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220315 LR - 20241207 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) IS - 2164-5515 (Print) IS - 2164-5515 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec 31 TI - COVID-19 vaccination in Chinese children: a cross-sectional study on the cognition, psychological anxiety state and the willingness toward vaccination. PG - 1-7 LID - 10.1080/21645515.2021.1949950 [doi] AB - It is important to understand the cognition, willingness, and psychological anxiety state of Chinese guardians toward COVID-19 vaccination for their children to predict the future vaccination rate and to help the design of policies that aim to expand the population with immunity against COVID-19. This study collected data with a professional vaccination registration platform for children named "Xiao Dou Miao" in February 2021. The psychological anxiety state of the guardians was self-evaluated using the psychological anxiety scale. Factors that might influence the willingness of guardians to vaccinate their children were identified using logistic regression analysis. This study included 12,872 questionnaires with 70.9% of guardians showing willingness to vaccinate their children. Guardians who were male, aged 40-49 and from rural area were more willing to vaccinate their children. Fathers, guardians with higher education and income, whose children have a history of adverse vaccine reactions and allergies were less willing to vaccinate their children (p < .001). More than 80% of the guardians expressed a high level of trust for vaccine information released by official and health-related agencies. Guardians who were not vaccinated were more anxious than those who were vaccinated (chi2 = 27.99, p < .001). To protect children from COVID-19, vaccine coverage in children should be expanded rapidly and public awareness on vaccine safety and effectiveness should be improved. FAU - Yang, Jin AU - Yang J AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Ting AU - Zhang T AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Supervision, National Medical Products Administration-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Qi, Weiran AU - Qi W AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhang, Xingxing AU - Zhang X AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Jia, Mengmeng AU - Jia M AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Supervision, National Medical Products Administration-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Leng, Zhiwei AU - Leng Z AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Supervision, National Medical Products Administration-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Qing AU - Wang Q AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Yuan AU - Yang Y AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. FAU - Yang, Weizhong AU - Yang W AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Supervision, National Medical Products Administration-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Ma, Libing AU - Ma L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7234-2312 AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Supervision, National Medical Products Administration-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. AD - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China. FAU - Feng, Luzhao AU - Feng L AD - School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Supervision, National Medical Products Administration-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Chen AU - Wang C AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210729 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Anxiety MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Child MH - China/epidemiology MH - Cognition MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/psychology PMC - PMC8920157 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - Guardians OT - children OT - cognition OT - psychological anxiety OT - willingness EDAT- 2021/07/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/16 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/29 CRDT- 2021/07/29 17:19 PHST- 2021/07/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/29 17:19 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1949950 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21645515.2021.1949950 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Dec 31;18(1):1-7. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1949950. Epub 2021 Jul 29. PMID- 34299827 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210729 LR - 20250220 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 14 DP - 2021 Jul 9 TI - Development of an Early Alert System for an Additional Wave of COVID-19 Cases Using a Recurrent Neural Network with Long Short-Term Memory. LID - 10.3390/ijerph18147376 [doi] LID - 7376 AB - The impact of the still ongoing "Coronavirus Disease 2019" (COVID-19) pandemic has been and is still vast, affecting not only global human health and stretching healthcare facilities, but also profoundly disrupting societal and economic systems worldwide. The nature of the way the virus spreads causes cases to come in further recurring waves. This is due a complex array of biological, societal and environmental factors, including the novel nature of the emerging pathogen. Other parameters explaining the epidemic trend consisting of recurring waves are logistic-organizational challenges in the implementation of the vaccine roll-out, scarcity of doses and human resources, seasonality, meteorological drivers, and community heterogeneity, as well as cycles of strengthening and easing/lifting of the mitigation interventions. Therefore, it is crucial to be able to have an early alert system to identify when another wave of cases is about to occur. The availability of a variety of newly developed indicators allows for the exploration of multi-feature prediction models for case data. Ten indicators were selected as features for our prediction model. The model chosen is a Recurrent Neural Network with Long Short-Term Memory. This paper documents the development of an early alert/detection system that functions by predicting future daily confirmed cases based on a series of features that include mobility and stringency indices, and epidemiological parameters. The model is trained on the intermittent period in between the first and the second wave, in all of the South African provinces. FAU - Stevenson, Finn AU - Stevenson F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0444-2992 AD - School of Physics, Institute for Collider Particle Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. FAU - Hayasi, Kentaro AU - Hayasi K AD - School of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. FAU - Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi AU - Bragazzi NL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8409-868X AD - Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. FAU - Kong, Jude Dzevela AU - Kong JD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7557-5672 AD - Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. FAU - Asgary, Ali AU - Asgary A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6253-1021 AD - Disaster & Emergency Management, School of Administrative Studies and Advanced Disaster, Emergency and Rapid-Response Simulation, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. FAU - Lieberman, Benjamin AU - Lieberman B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5281-8937 AD - School of Physics, Institute for Collider Particle Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. FAU - Ruan, Xifeng AU - Ruan X AD - School of Physics, Institute for Collider Particle Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. FAU - Mathaha, Thuso AU - Mathaha T AD - School of Physics, Institute for Collider Particle Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. FAU - Dahbi, Salah-Eddine AU - Dahbi SE AD - School of Physics, Institute for Collider Particle Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. FAU - Choma, Joshua AU - Choma J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8848-211X AD - School of Physics, Institute for Collider Particle Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. FAU - Kawonga, Mary AU - Kawonga M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9807-7847 AD - Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. FAU - Mbada, Mduduzi AU - Mbada M AD - Office of the Premier, Gauteng Government, 13th Floor, East Wing, 30 Simmonds St., Marshalltown, Johannesburg 2107, South Africa. FAU - Tripathi, Nidhi AU - Tripathi N AD - School of Physics, Institute for Collider Particle Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. FAU - Orbinski, James AU - Orbinski J AD - Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health Research, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. FAU - Mellado, Bruce AU - Mellado B AD - School of Physics, Institute for Collider Particle Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. AD - iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West 7129, South Africa. FAU - Wu, Jianhong AU - Wu J AD - Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210709 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Neural Networks, Computer MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8307714 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Recurrent Neural Network with Long Short-Term Memory OT - South Africa OT - crisis management OT - daily case prediction OT - early detection COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/07/25 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/30 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/09 CRDT- 2021/07/24 01:05 PHST- 2021/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/24 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph18147376 [pii] AID - ijerph-18-07376 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph18147376 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 9;18(14):7376. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147376. PMID- 34288285 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211026 LR - 20260127 IS - 1468-1331 (Electronic) IS - 1351-5101 (Print) IS - 1351-5101 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Nov TI - Safety of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in multiple sclerosis (MS): Early experience from a tertiary MS center in Israel. PG - 3742-3748 LID - 10.1111/ene.15028 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although the COVID-19 vaccines are currently recommended for people with multiple sclerosis (MS), the fact that they were not specifically tested in people with MS raises uncertainty regarding their safety in this population. The purpose of this study was to report real-life safety data of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in a cohort of MS patients. METHODS: An anonymous survey was distributed to 425 MS patients. Participants were asked general demographic and disease-related questions and specific questions regarding the safety profile of the COVID-19 vaccine. RESULTS: Of the 425 MS patients, 262 completed the questionnaire. The median (range) participant age was 42 (22-79) years, 199 participants were women (75.9%), and 66 participants (25.2%) had associated comorbidities. A total of 198 participants (75.6%) were treated with disease-modifying therapies. In all, 239 participants (91.2% of the responders) had received the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine. Of these, 182 (76.1%) were aged <55 years, and 57 (23.9%) were aged >55 years. Adverse events were reported by 136 participants (56.9%; 52.5% of those aged <55 years and 40.3% of those aged >55 years; p = 0.1517) and 36 participants (15.1%) reported new or worsening neurological symptoms following the vaccination, the most frequent being sensory disturbances (21 participants, 58.3%). Most symptoms occurred within the first 24 h after vaccination and resolved within 3 days. A total of 28 participants (77.8%) did not require any medication to treat their symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This survey indicates an overall favorable safety profile of the BNT162b2 vaccine in people with MS. These data should be confirmed in further prospective, large-scale studies. CI - (c) 2021 European Academy of Neurology. FAU - Lotan, Itay AU - Lotan I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4015-9783 AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. FAU - Wilf-Yarkoni, Adi AU - Wilf-Yarkoni A AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. FAU - Friedman, Yitzhak AU - Friedman Y AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. FAU - Stiebel-Kalish, Hadas AU - Stiebel-Kalish H AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. AD - Department of Ophthalmology and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. FAU - Steiner, Israel AU - Steiner I AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. FAU - Hellmann, Mark A AU - Hellmann MA AD - Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. AD - Neuroimmunology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. AD - Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210802 PL - England TA - Eur J Neurol JT - European journal of neurology JID - 9506311 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Israel MH - Middle Aged MH - *Multiple Sclerosis MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8444776 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - adverse events OT - multiple sclerosis OT - safety OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. The authors do not have any specific agreements with the vaccine manufacturer for data delivery or similar. EDAT- 2021/07/22 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/27 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/02 CRDT- 2021/07/21 13:35 PHST- 2021/06/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/21 13:35 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ENE15028 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ene.15028 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Neurol. 2021 Nov;28(11):3742-3748. doi: 10.1111/ene.15028. Epub 2021 Aug 2. PMID- 34256735 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210719 LR - 20231107 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jul 13 TI - A longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 biorepository for COVID-19 survivors with and without post-acute sequelae. PG - 677 LID - 10.1186/s12879-021-06359-2 [doi] LID - 677 AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 has swept across the globe, causing millions of deaths worldwide. Though most survive, many experience symptoms of COVID-19 for months after acute infection. Successful prevention and treatment of acute COVID-19 infection and its associated sequelae is dependent on in-depth knowledge of viral pathology across the spectrum of patient phenotypes and physiologic responses. Longitudinal biobanking provides a valuable resource of clinically integrated, easily accessed, and quality-controlled samples for researchers to study differential multi-organ system responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), and vaccination. METHODS: Adults with a history of a positive SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal PCR are actively recruited from the community or hospital settings to enroll in the Northern Colorado SARS-CoV-2 Biorepository (NoCo-COBIO). Blood, saliva, stool, nasopharyngeal specimens, and extensive clinical and demographic data are collected at 4 time points over 6 months. Patients are assessed for PASC during longitudinal follow-up by physician led symptom questionnaires and physical exams. This clinical trial registration is NCT04603677 . RESULTS: We have enrolled and collected samples from 119 adults since July 2020, with 66% follow-up rate. Forty-nine percent of participants assessed with a symptom surveillance questionnaire (N = 37 of 75) had PASC at any time during follow-up (up to 8 months post infection). Ninety-three percent of hospitalized participants developed PASC, while 23% of those not requiring hospitalization developed PASC. At 90-174 days post SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, 67% of all participants had persistent symptoms (N = 37 of 55), and 85% percent of participants who required hospitalization during initial infection (N = 20) still had symptoms. The most common symptoms reported after 15 days of infection were fatigue, loss of smell, loss of taste, exercise intolerance, and cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who were hospitalized for COVID-19 were significantly more likely to have PASC than those not requiring hospitalization, however 23% of patients who were not hospitalized also developed PASC. This patient-matched, multi-matrix, longitudinal biorepository from COVID-19 survivors with and without PASC will allow for current and future research to better understand the pathophysiology of disease and to identify targeted interventions to reduce risk for PASC. Registered 27 October 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04603677 . CI - (c) 2021. The Author(s). FAU - LaVergne, Stephanie M AU - LaVergne SM AD - Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 1601 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA. FAU - Stromberg, Sophia AU - Stromberg S AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. FAU - Baxter, Bridget A AU - Baxter BA AD - Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 1601 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA. FAU - Webb, Tracy L AU - Webb TL AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. FAU - Dutt, Taru S AU - Dutt TS AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. FAU - Berry, Kailey AU - Berry K AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. FAU - Tipton, Madison AU - Tipton M AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. FAU - Haberman, Jared AU - Haberman J AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. FAU - Massey, Benjamin R AU - Massey BR AD - University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - McFann, Kim AU - McFann K AD - University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland, CO, USA. FAU - Alnachoukati, Omar AU - Alnachoukati O AD - University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland, CO, USA. FAU - Zier, Linda AU - Zier L AD - University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland, CO, USA. FAU - Heacock, Thomas AU - Heacock T AD - University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland, CO, USA. FAU - Ebel, Gregory D AU - Ebel GD AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. FAU - Henao-Tamayo, Marcela AU - Henao-Tamayo M AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. FAU - Dunn, Julie AU - Dunn J AD - University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland, CO, USA. FAU - Ryan, Elizabeth P AU - Ryan EP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1577-0919 AD - Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 1601 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA. E.P.Ryan@colostate.edu. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04603677 GR - Department funds/colorado state university/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210713 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Biological Specimen Banks MH - COVID-19/blood/*complications/epidemiology/pathology/virology MH - COVID-19 Testing/*methods MH - Colorado/epidemiology MH - Disease Progression MH - Female MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Hospitalization MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/*genetics MH - Specimen Handling MH - *Survivors MH - Young Adult MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC8276222 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biobank OT - Biorepository OT - COVID-19 OT - Coronavirus OT - Long-hauler OT - Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/07/15 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/20 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/13 CRDT- 2021/07/14 05:36 PHST- 2021/04/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/14 05:36 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-021-06359-2 [pii] AID - 6359 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-021-06359-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Jul 13;21(1):677. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06359-2. PMID- 34252180 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220117 LR - 20220117 IS - 1758-535X (Electronic) IS - 1079-5006 (Print) IS - 1079-5006 (Linking) VI - 77 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan 7 TI - Surviving Older Patients Show Preserved Cellular and Humoral Immunological Memory Several Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection. PG - 33-40 LID - 10.1093/gerona/glab206 [doi] LID - glab206 AB - Understanding how older people respond to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical if we are to confront the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and establish effective vaccination strategies. Immunosenescence reduces the ability to respond to neoantigens and may compromise the life of infected individuals. Here, we analyzed the immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 in 102 recovered patients aged over 60 years several months after the infection had been resolved. Specific memory T lymphocytes against the virus were measured by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and granzyme B release by ELISpot; memory B-lymphocyte responses were quantified by detection of anti-S IgG1 producer cells by ELISpot and anti-S and anti-N antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Memory T lymphocytes were found in peripheral blood of most of the studied donors, more than 7 months after the infection in some of them. Fewer patients maintained memory B lymphocytes, but antibodies, mainly anti-S, were highly durable and positively correlated with T responses. More robust humoral responses were found in patients who had more severe symptoms and had been admitted to hospital. We concluded that specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 is effectively preserved regardless of age, despite the great heterogeneity of their immune responses, and that memory T lymphocytes and anti-S IgG might be more durable than memory B cells and anti-N IgG. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Garcia-Torre, Alejandra AU - Garcia-Torre A AD - Immunology Department, Medicine Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Bueno-Garcia, Eva AU - Bueno-Garcia E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5062-5223 AD - Immunology Department, Medicine Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Martinez, Rocio AU - Lopez-Martinez R AD - Immunology Department, Medicine Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Rioseras, Beatriz AU - Rioseras B AD - Immunology Department, Medicine Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Moro-Garcia, Marco Antonio AU - Moro-Garcia MA AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Medicine Laboratory Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Alonso-Alvarez, Sara AU - Alonso-Alvarez S AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Haematology and Haemotherapy Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Lluna-Gonzalez, Alba AU - Lluna-Gonzalez A AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Sousa-Fernandez, Alejandra AU - Sousa-Fernandez A AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Gudin, Marta AU - Fernandez-Gudin M AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Campos-Riopedre, Laura AU - Campos-Riopedre L AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Castro-Del Cueto, Corina AU - Castro-Del Cueto C AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Perez-Fernandez, Ana Belen AU - Perez-Fernandez AB AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Alonso-Rodriguez, Ana AU - Alonso-Rodriguez A AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Menendez-Pena, Carla AU - Menendez-Pena C AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Menendez-Pena, Lara AU - Menendez-Pena L AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Arnaldo, Noelia AU - Garcia-Arnaldo N AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Feito-Diaz, Estefania AU - Feito-Diaz E AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Lorences, Adriana AU - Fernandez-Lorences A AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Fraile-Manzano, Agustin AU - Fraile-Manzano A AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Iglesias, Carolina AU - Fernandez-Iglesias C AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Rivera, Jose Arturo AU - Rivera JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6253-3959 AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Perez-Fonseca, Carmen AU - Perez-Fonseca C AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Urdiales-Ruano, Estibaliz AU - Urdiales-Ruano E AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Deban-Fernandez, Maria AU - Deban-Fernandez M AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Mendes-Moreira, Hugo AU - Mendes-Moreira H AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Herrero-Puente, Pablo AU - Herrero-Puente P AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. AD - Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Alonso-Arias, Rebeca AU - Alonso-Arias R AD - Immunology Department, Medicine Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. LA - eng GR - COV20/00968/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ GR - Spanish I+D+i 2013-2016 State Program/ GR - European Regional Development Fund/ GR - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci JT - The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences JID - 9502837 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - *COVID-19 MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular/*physiology MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Memory B Cells MH - Memory T Cells MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8406858 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - memory B lymphocytes OT - memory T lymphocytes OT - specific antibodies EDAT- 2021/07/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/18 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/12 CRDT- 2021/07/12 17:27 PHST- 2021/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/12 17:27 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6319620 [pii] AID - glab206 [pii] AID - 10.1093/gerona/glab206 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2022 Jan 7;77(1):33-40. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glab206. PMID- 34250512 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220221 LR - 20231107 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 7 DP - 2021 Jul 20 TI - Longitudinal analysis shows durable and broad immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection with persisting antibody responses and memory B and T cells. PG - 100354 LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100354 [doi] LID - 100354 AB - Ending the COVID-19 pandemic will require long-lived immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Here, we evaluate 254 COVID-19 patients longitudinally up to 8 months and find durable broad-based immune responses. SARS-CoV-2 spike binding and neutralizing antibodies exhibit a bi-phasic decay with an extended half-life of >200 days suggesting the generation of longer-lived plasma cells. SARS-CoV-2 infection also boosts antibody titers to SARS-CoV-1 and common betacoronaviruses. In addition, spike-specific IgG+ memory B cells persist, which bodes well for a rapid antibody response upon virus re-exposure or vaccination. Virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are polyfunctional and maintained with an estimated half-life of 200 days. Interestingly, CD4+ T cell responses equally target several SARS-CoV-2 proteins, whereas the CD8+ T cell responses preferentially target the nucleoprotein, highlighting the potential importance of including the nucleoprotein in future vaccines. Taken together, these results suggest that broad and effective immunity may persist long-term in recovered COVID-19 patients. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. FAU - Cohen, Kristen W AU - Cohen KW AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. FAU - Linderman, Susanne L AU - Linderman SL AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Moodie, Zoe AU - Moodie Z AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. FAU - Czartoski, Julie AU - Czartoski J AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. FAU - Lai, Lilin AU - Lai L AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Mantus, Grace AU - Mantus G AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Norwood, Carson AU - Norwood C AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Nyhoff, Lindsay E AU - Nyhoff LE AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Edara, Venkata Viswanadh AU - Edara VV AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Floyd, Katharine AU - Floyd K AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - De Rosa, Stephen C AU - De Rosa SC AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. AD - Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Ahmed, Hasan AU - Ahmed H AD - Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Whaley, Rachael AU - Whaley R AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. FAU - Patel, Shivan N AU - Patel SN AD - Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Prigmore, Brittany AU - Prigmore B AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. FAU - Lemos, Maria P AU - Lemos MP AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. FAU - Davis, Carl W AU - Davis CW AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Furth, Sarah AU - Furth S AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. FAU - O'Keefe, James B AU - O'Keefe JB AD - Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Gharpure, Mohini P AU - Gharpure MP AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Gunisetty, Sivaram AU - Gunisetty S AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Stephens, Kathy AU - Stephens K AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Antia, Rustom AU - Antia R AD - Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Zarnitsyna, Veronika I AU - Zarnitsyna VI AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Stephens, David S AU - Stephens DS AD - Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Edupuganti, Srilatha AU - Edupuganti S AD - Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. AD - Hope Clinic of Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30330, USA. FAU - Rouphael, Nadine AU - Rouphael N AD - Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. AD - Hope Clinic of Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30330, USA. FAU - Anderson, Evan J AU - Anderson EJ AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Mehta, Aneesh K AU - Mehta AK AD - Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Wrammert, Jens AU - Wrammert J AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Suthar, Mehul S AU - Suthar MS AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Ahmed, Rafi AU - Ahmed R AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - McElrath, M Juliana AU - McElrath MJ AD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. AD - Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. LA - eng GR - U19 AI090023/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI150747/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI057266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068618/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 CA260563/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI068635/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI074492/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069481/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210703 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) UOF - medRxiv. 2021 Jun 18:2021.04.19.21255739. doi: 10.1101/2021.04.19.21255739. PMID: 33948610 MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood MH - *Antibody Formation MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Memory B Cells MH - Memory T Cells MH - Middle Aged MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8253687 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - CD4 T cells OT - CD8 T cells OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - binding antibody OT - coronaviruses OT - immune correlates OT - immune memory OT - neutralizing antibody COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/07/13 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/13 06:01 PMCR- 2021/07/03 CRDT- 2021/07/12 06:04 PHST- 2021/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/13 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/12 06:04 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(21)00203-2 [pii] AID - 100354 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100354 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2021 Jul 20;2(7):100354. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100354. Epub 2021 Jul 3. PMID- 34242467 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220704 LR - 20250728 IS - 1469-445X (Electronic) IS - 0958-0670 (Print) IS - 0958-0670 (Linking) VI - 107 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Hide and seek in a pandemic: review of SARS-CoV-2 infection and sequelae in children. PG - 653-664 LID - 10.1113/EP089399 [doi] AB - NEW FINDINGS: What is the topic of this review? A description of the current literature relating to COVID-19 infection in children and the associated inflammatory condition, paediatric multi-inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS). What advances does it highlight? Children with SARS-CoV-2 infection have a distinct clinical phenotype when compared to adults. This may relate to relative differences in their adaptive immunity and in the degree and distribution of expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2). There are several similarities between PIMS-TS, Kawasaki disease shock syndrome and other known inflammatory disorders such as macrophage activation syndrome. Few data are available to date regarding vaccination responses of children against COVID-19. ABSTRACT: Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 have a clinical phenotype that is distinct from that observed in adult cases. They can present with a range of respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms, or with a delayed hyperinflammatory syndrome (paediatric multisystem inflammatory system temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2; PIMS-TS) that frequently requires treatment in an intensive care unit. These manifestations may be related to unique expression of transmembrane receptors and immune physiology in children. The clinical features and inflammatory profile of PIMS-TS are similar to other inflammatory disorders that occur in children such as Kawasaki disease, macrophage activation syndrome and sepsis. Given children are infected less frequently and have less severe disease due to COVID-19 compared to adults, their physiological profile is of great interest. An understanding of the unique mechanisms of infection and disease in children could aid the identification of potential therapeutic targets. Like adults, children can have long-term complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including neurological and cardiac morbidity. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is not yet authorised in children aged <12 years, and hence we anticipate ongoing paediatric presentations of COVID-19 in the coming months. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. Experimental Physiology (c) 2021 The Physiological Society. FAU - Clark, John A AU - Clark JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6916-9195 AD - Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 0QQ, UK. AD - Department of Paediatric Intensive Care, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Rd, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 0QQ, UK. FAU - Pathan, Nazima AU - Pathan N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7656-9453 AD - Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 0QQ, UK. AD - Department of Paediatric Intensive Care, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Rd, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 0QQ, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20210805 PL - England TA - Exp Physiol JT - Experimental physiology JID - 9002940 RN - pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease, COVID-19 related SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/complications MH - Child MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - *Macrophage Activation Syndrome MH - *Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome PMC - PMC8447309 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 related OT - paediatric multisystem inflammatory disease OT - pediatrics EDAT- 2021/07/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/06 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/05 CRDT- 2021/07/09 17:32 PHST- 2021/06/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/09 17:32 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EPH13058 [pii] AID - 10.1113/EP089399 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Exp Physiol. 2022 Jul;107(7):653-664. doi: 10.1113/EP089399. Epub 2021 Aug 5. PMID- 34239977 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210710 IS - 2376-5992 (Electronic) IS - 2376-5992 (Linking) VI - 7 DP - 2021 TI - Deep sequence modelling for predicting COVID-19 mRNA vaccine degradation. PG - e597 LID - 10.7717/peerj-cs.597 [doi] LID - e597 AB - The worldwide coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic made dramatic and rapid progress in the year 2020 and requires urgent global effort to accelerate the development of a vaccine to stop the daily infections and deaths. Several types of vaccine have been designed to teach the immune system how to fight off certain kinds of pathogens. mRNA vaccines are the most important candidate vaccines because of their capacity for rapid development, high potency, safe administration and potential for low-cost manufacture. mRNA vaccine acts by training the body to recognize and response to the proteins produced by disease-causing organisms such as viruses or bacteria. This type of vaccine is the fastest candidate to treat COVID-19 but it currently facing several limitations. In particular, it is a challenge to design stable mRNA molecules because of the inefficient in vivo delivery of mRNA, its tendency for spontaneous degradation and low protein expression levels. This work designed and implemented a sequence deep model based on bidirectional GRU and LSTM models applied on the Stanford COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dataset to predict the mRNA sequences responsible for degradation by predicting five reactivity values for every position in the sequence. Four of these values determine the likelihood of degradation with/without magnesium at high pH (pH 10) and high temperature (50 degrees Celsius) and the fifth reactivity value is used to determine the likely secondary structure of the RNA sample. The model relies on two types of features, namely numerical and categorical features, where the categorical features are extracted from the mRNA sequences, structure and predicted loop. These features are represented and encoded by numbers, and then, the features are extracted using embedding layer learning. There are five numerical features depending on the likelihood for each pair of nucleotides in the RNA. The model gives promising results because it predicts the five reactivity values with a validation mean columnwise root mean square error (MCRMSE) of 0.125 using LSTM model with augmentation and the codon encoding method. Codon encoding outperforms Base encoding in MCRMSE validation error using the LSTM model meanwhile Base encoding outperforms codon encoding due to less over-fitting and the difference between the training and validation loss error is 0.008. CI - (c) 2021 Qaid et al. FAU - Qaid, Talal S AU - Qaid TS AD - Computer Science Department, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. AD - Faculty of Computer Science, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah, Yemen. FAU - Mazaar, Hussein AU - Mazaar H AD - Computer Science Department, College of Science & Arts in Tanumah, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqahtani, Mohammed S AU - Alqahtani MS AD - Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Raweh, Abeer A AU - Raweh AA AD - Computer Science Department, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. AD - Faculty of Computer Science, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah, Yemen. FAU - Alakwaa, Wafaa AU - Alakwaa W AD - Computer Science Department, College of Science & Arts in Tanumah, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210622 PL - United States TA - PeerJ Comput Sci JT - PeerJ. Computer science JID - 101660598 PMC - PMC8237341 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 Vaccine OT - Embedding OT - Gated reccurent unit (GRU) OT - Long short time memory (LSTM) OT - Reccurent neural networks (RNN) OT - mRNA COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/07/10 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/10 06:01 PMCR- 2021/06/22 CRDT- 2021/07/09 07:02 PHST- 2021/02/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/09 07:02 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/10 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cs-597 [pii] AID - 10.7717/peerj-cs.597 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PeerJ Comput Sci. 2021 Jun 22;7:e597. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.597. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34211268 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210703 IS - 1177-9322 (Print) IS - 1177-9322 (Electronic) IS - 1177-9322 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2021 TI - A Computational-Based Drug Repurposing Method Targeting SARS-CoV-2 and its Neurological Manifestations Genes and Signaling Pathways. PG - 11779322211026728 LID - 10.1177/11779322211026728 [doi] LID - 11779322211026728 AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a global concern involves infections in multiple organs. Much of the research up to now has been descriptive on neurological manifestations followed by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite considerable efforts on effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, novel therapeutic options for COVID-19 comorbidities are warranted. One of the fast ways to introduce possible effective drugs for clinical trials is bioinformatics methods. We have conducted a comprehensive enrichment analysis of genes involved in SARS-CoV-2 and neurological disorders associated with COVID-19. For this purpose, gene sets were extracted from the GeneWeaver database. To find out some significant enriched findings for common genes between SARS-CoV-2 and its neurological disorders, several practical databases were used. Finally, to repurpose an efficient drug, DrugBank databases were used. Overall, we detected 139 common genes concerning SARS-CoV-2 and their neurological disorders. Interestingly, our study predicted around 6 existing drugs (ie, carvedilol, andrographolide, 2-methoxyestradiol, etanercept, polaprezinc, and arsenic trioxide) that can be used for repurposing. We found that polaprezinc (zinc l-carnosine) drug is not investigated in the context of COVID-19 till now and it could be used for the treatment of COVID-19 and its neurological manifestations. To summarize, enrichment and network data get us a coherent picture to predict drug repurposing to speed up clinical trials. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2021. FAU - Sepehrinezhad, Ali AU - Sepehrinezhad A AD - Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AD - Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Rezaeitalab, Fariborz AU - Rezaeitalab F AD - Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AD - Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. FAU - Shahbazi, Ali AU - Shahbazi A AD - Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Sahab-Negah, Sajad AU - Sahab-Negah S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2242-9794 AD - Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AD - Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran. AD - Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Iranian Chapter, Los Angeles, CA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210618 PL - United States TA - Bioinform Biol Insights JT - Bioinformatics and biology insights JID - 101467187 PMC - PMC8216348 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioinformatics approach OT - COVID-19 OT - neurological disorders OT - neurotropism OT - polaprezinc COIS- Declaration of conflicting interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2021/07/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/03 06:01 PMCR- 2021/06/18 CRDT- 2021/07/02 06:34 PHST- 2021/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/02 06:34 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/03 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_11779322211026728 [pii] AID - 10.1177/11779322211026728 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Bioinform Biol Insights. 2021 Jun 18;15:11779322211026728. doi: 10.1177/11779322211026728. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34204362 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240402 IS - 2076-3921 (Print) IS - 2076-3921 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3921 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Jun 17 TI - Use of Antioxidants for the Neuro-Therapeutic Management of COVID-19. LID - 10.3390/antiox10060971 [doi] LID - 971 AB - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an emergent infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths throughout the world. COVID-19 infection's main symptoms are fever, cough, fatigue, and neurological manifestations such as headache, myalgias, anosmia, ageusia, impaired consciousness, seizures, and even neuromuscular junctions' disorders. In addition, it is known that this disease causes a series of systemic complications such as adverse respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac injury, acute kidney injury, and liver dysfunction. Due to the neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19, damage in the central nervous system has been suggested as well as the neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2. It is known that CoV infections are associated with an inflammation process related to the imbalance of the antioxidant system; cellular changes caused by oxidative stress contribute to brain tissue damage. Although anti-COVID-19 vaccines are under development, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 and its clinical manifestations and complications; only supportive treatments with immunomodulators, anti-vascular endothelial growth factors, modulating drugs, statins, or nutritional supplements have been used. In the present work, we analyzed the potential of antioxidants as adjuvants for the treatment of COVID-19 and specifically their possible role in preventing or decreasing the neurological manifestations and neurological complications present in the disease. FAU - Cardenas-Rodriguez, Noemi AU - Cardenas-Rodriguez N AD - Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Secreatria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico 04530, Mexico. FAU - Bandala, Cindy AU - Bandala C AD - Division de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, Secretaria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico 14389, Mexico. AD - Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico. FAU - Vanoye-Carlo, America AU - Vanoye-Carlo A AD - Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Secreatria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico 04530, Mexico. FAU - Ignacio-Mejia, Ivan AU - Ignacio-Mejia I AD - Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, SEDENA, Ciudad de Mexico 11200, Mexico. FAU - Gomez-Manzo, Saul AU - Gomez-Manzo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2095-9182 AD - Laboratorio de Bioquimica Genetica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Secretaria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico 04530, Mexico. FAU - Hernandez-Cruz, Estefani Yaquelin AU - Hernandez-Cruz EY AD - Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Quimica, UNAM, Ciudad de Mexico 04150, Mexico. FAU - Pedraza-Chaverri, Jose AU - Pedraza-Chaverri J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6628-4411 AD - Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Quimica, UNAM, Ciudad de Mexico 04150, Mexico. FAU - Carmona-Aparicio, Liliana AU - Carmona-Aparicio L AD - Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Secreatria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico 04530, Mexico. FAU - Hernandez-Ochoa, Beatriz AU - Hernandez-Ochoa B AD - Laboratorio de Inmunoquimica, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Secretaria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210617 PL - Switzerland TA - Antioxidants (Basel) JT - Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101668981 PMC - PMC8235474 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antioxidants OT - neuro-therapeutic management OT - neurological damage OT - oxidative stress COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/07/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/03 06:01 PMCR- 2021/06/17 CRDT- 2021/07/02 01:20 PHST- 2021/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/02 01:20 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/03 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - antiox10060971 [pii] AID - antioxidants-10-00971 [pii] AID - 10.3390/antiox10060971 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Jun 17;10(6):971. doi: 10.3390/antiox10060971. PMID- 34200720 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210714 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Jun 10 TI - Specific Treatment Exists for SARS-CoV-2 ARDS. LID - 10.3390/vaccines9060635 [doi] LID - 635 AB - The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), seems to be difficult to overcome. A pandemic of such a scale has not been seen since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Although the predominant clinical presentation is respiratory disease, neurological manifestations and sequelae are increasingly being recognized. We observed a case series of rapid recovery of ARDS within 24 h in the preliminary clinical features of COVID-19 ARDS-associated neurological disease. It was also noted that by 15 April, 2021, there was no SARS-CoV-2 ARDS on Sorok Island in South Korea, where lepers had been living together. We compared each of dapsone's effects on humans and considered those of SARS-CoV-2. Dapsone showed different effects in the brain. The Sorokdo National Hospital reported a relationship between dapsone and the neuroinflammasome of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Sorok Island from January 2005 to June 2020. AD prevalence was low in the leprosy patient group who took dapsone regularly. The preliminary cross-sectional study of the trial group (22 subjects) and the control group (22 subjects) in the Hunt Regional Hospital reported the following results: The chi-square statistic is 5.1836. The p-value is 0.022801. The result is considered significant at p < 0.05. The results from the medical treatment from 21 December to 29 December 2020 were considered. The mortality rates at the ARDS onset stage were 0% with dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment and 40% without dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment, respectively. Based on the respiratory failure and sudden high death rate originating from the involvement of the brainstem, especially the pre-Botzinger complex, dapsone can be used to significantly reduce the incidence of the cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome and other illnesses caused by SARS-CoV-2. FAU - Kanwar, Badar AU - Kanwar B AD - Department of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Hunt Regional Hospital, Greenville, TX 75401, USA. FAU - Lee, Chul Joong AU - Lee CJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5388-8945 AD - Zein Pain Clinic Seongbuk, Seoul 02830, Korea. FAU - Lee, Jong-Hoon AU - Lee JH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1775-5656 AD - Science & Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210610 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC8229893 OTO - NOTNLM OT - brainstem OT - inflammasome OT - oral DNA vaccine COIS- All authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/07/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/03 06:01 PMCR- 2021/06/10 CRDT- 2021/07/02 01:08 PHST- 2021/05/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/06/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/02 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/03 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines9060635 [pii] AID - vaccines-09-00635 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines9060635 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Jun 10;9(6):635. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9060635. PMID- 34193870 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210714 LR - 20210721 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jun 30 TI - SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell memory is sustained in COVID-19 convalescent patients for 10 months with successful development of stem cell-like memory T cells. PG - 4043 LID - 10.1038/s41467-021-24377-1 [doi] LID - 4043 AB - Memory T cells contribute to rapid viral clearance during re-infection, but the longevity and differentiation of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells remain unclear. Here we conduct ex vivo assays to evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses in COVID-19 convalescent patients up to 317 days post-symptom onset (DPSO), and find that memory T cell responses are maintained during the study period regardless of the severity of COVID-19. In particular, we observe sustained polyfunctionality and proliferation capacity of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells. Among SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells detected by activation-induced markers, the proportion of stem cell-like memory T (T(SCM)) cells is increased, peaking at approximately 120 DPSO. Development of T(SCM) cells is confirmed by SARS-CoV-2-specific MHC-I multimer staining. Considering the self-renewal capacity and multipotency of T(SCM) cells, our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells are long-lasting after recovery from COVID-19, thus support the feasibility of effective vaccination programs as a measure for COVID-19 control. FAU - Jung, Jae Hyung AU - Jung JH AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Rha, Min-Seok AU - Rha MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1426-7534 AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Sa, Moa AU - Sa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7031-7845 AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea. AD - The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Hee Kyoung AU - Choi HK AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeon, Ji Hoon AU - Jeon JH AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Seok, Hyeri AU - Seok H AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Dae Won AU - Park DW AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Su-Hyung AU - Park SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6363-7736 AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea. AD - The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeong, Hye Won AU - Jeong HW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1063-8476 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. hwjeong@chungbuk.ac.kr. FAU - Choi, Won Suk AU - Choi WS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5874-4764 AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea. cmcws@korea.ac.kr. FAU - Shin, Eui-Cheol AU - Shin EC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6308-9503 AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea. ecshin@kaist.ac.kr. AD - The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. ecshin@kaist.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210630 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (IFNG protein, human) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory/*immunology MH - Interferon-gamma/blood MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8245549 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/07/02 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/30 CRDT- 2021/07/01 06:23 PHST- 2021/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/01 06:23 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-021-24377-1 [pii] AID - 24377 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-021-24377-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2021 Jun 30;12(1):4043. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24377-1. PMID- 34163090 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210929 LR - 20260518 IS - 1546-170X (Electronic) IS - 1078-8956 (Print) IS - 1078-8956 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 9 DP - 2021 Sep TI - Long COVID in a prospective cohort of home-isolated patients. PG - 1607-1613 LID - 10.1038/s41591-021-01433-3 [doi] AB - Long-term complications after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are common in hospitalized patients, but the spectrum of symptoms in milder cases needs further investigation. We conducted a long-term follow-up in a prospective cohort study of 312 patients-247 home-isolated and 65 hospitalized-comprising 82% of total cases in Bergen during the first pandemic wave in Norway. At 6 months, 61% (189/312) of all patients had persistent symptoms, which were independently associated with severity of initial illness, increased convalescent antibody titers and pre-existing chronic lung disease. We found that 52% (32/61) of home-isolated young adults, aged 16-30 years, had symptoms at 6 months, including loss of taste and/or smell (28%, 17/61), fatigue (21%, 13/61), dyspnea (13%, 8/61), impaired concentration (13%, 8/61) and memory problems (11%, 7/61). Our findings that young, home-isolated adults with mild COVID-19 are at risk of long-lasting dyspnea and cognitive symptoms highlight the importance of infection control measures, such as vaccination. CI - (c) 2021. The Author(s). FAU - Blomberg, Bjorn AU - Blomberg B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5647-4297 AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. bjorn.blomberg@uib.no. AD - National Advisory Unit for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. bjorn.blomberg@uib.no. AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. bjorn.blomberg@uib.no. FAU - Mohn, Kristin Greve-Isdahl AU - Mohn KG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3249-1719 AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Brokstad, Karl Albert AU - Brokstad KA AD - Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Safety, Chemistry and Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Zhou, Fan AU - Zhou F AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Linchausen, Dagrun Waag AU - Linchausen DW AD - Bergen Municipality Emergency Clinic, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Hansen, Bent-Are AU - Hansen BA AD - Department of Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Lartey, Sarah AU - Lartey S AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Onyango, Therese Bredholt AU - Onyango TB AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Kuwelker, Kanika AU - Kuwelker K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1302-950X AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - National Advisory Unit for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Saevik, Marianne AU - Saevik M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4670-4957 AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Bartsch, Hauke AU - Bartsch H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1486-4128 AD - Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Tondel, Camilla AU - Tondel C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3389-3194 AD - Department of Paediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Research and Innovation, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FAU - Kittang, Bard Reiakvam AU - Kittang BR AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. AD - Department of Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway. CN - Bergen COVID-19 Research Group FAU - Cox, Rebecca Jane AU - Cox RJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8341-4078 AD - Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. rebecca.cox@uib.no. AD - Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. rebecca.cox@uib.no. FAU - Langeland, Nina AU - Langeland N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0278-1616 AD - Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. nina.langeland@uib.no. AD - National Advisory Unit for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. nina.langeland@uib.no. AD - Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. nina.langeland@uib.no. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210623 PL - United States TA - Nat Med JT - Nature medicine JID - 9502015 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Ageusia/virology MH - Anosmia/virology MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood MH - COVID-19/*complications/*pathology MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cognitive Dysfunction/*virology MH - Dyspnea/*virology MH - Fatigue/*virology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Norway MH - Patient Isolation MH - Prospective Studies MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Young Adult MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC8440190 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. FIR - Madsen, Anders IR - Madsen A FIR - Bredholt, Geir IR - Bredholt G FIR - Vahokoski, Juha IR - Vahokoski J FIR - Fjelltveit, Elisabeth Berg IR - Fjelltveit EB FIR - Bansal, Amit IR - Bansal A FIR - Trieu, Mai Chi IR - Trieu MC FIR - Ljostveit, Sonja IR - Ljostveit S FIR - Olofsson, Jan Stefan IR - Olofsson JS FIR - Ertesvag, Nina IR - Ertesvag N FIR - Sandnes, Helene Heitmann IR - Sandnes HH FIR - Corydon, Anette IR - Corydon A FIR - Soyland, Hanne IR - Soyland H FIR - Eidsheim, Marianne IR - Eidsheim M FIR - Jakobsen, Kjerstin IR - Jakobsen K FIR - Guldseth, Nina IR - Guldseth N FIR - Hauge, Synnove IR - Hauge S EDAT- 2021/06/25 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/30 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/23 CRDT- 2021/06/24 06:28 PHST- 2021/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/24 06:28 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41591-021-01433-3 [pii] AID - 1433 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41591-021-01433-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Med. 2021 Sep;27(9):1607-1613. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01433-3. Epub 2021 Jun 23. PMID- 34133941 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210701 LR - 20260416 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 184 IP - 13 DP - 2021 Jun 24 TI - Low-dose Ad26.COV2.S protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. PG - 3467-3473.e11 LID - S0092-8674(21)00693-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.040 [doi] AB - We previously reported that a single immunization with an adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26)-vector-based vaccine expressing an optimized SARS-CoV-2 spike (Ad26.COV2.S) protected rhesus macaques against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. To evaluate reduced doses of Ad26.COV2.S, 30 rhesus macaques were immunized once with 1 x 10(11), 5 x 10(10), 1.125 x 10(10), or 2 x 10(9) viral particles (vp) Ad26.COV2.S or sham and were challenged with SARS-CoV-2. Vaccine doses as low as 2 x 10(9) vp provided robust protection in bronchoalveolar lavage, whereas doses of 1.125 x 10(10) vp were required for protection in nasal swabs. Activated memory B cells and binding or neutralizing antibody titers following vaccination correlated with protective efficacy. At suboptimal vaccine doses, viral breakthrough was observed but did not show enhancement of disease. These data demonstrate that a single immunization with relatively low dose of Ad26.COV2.S effectively protected against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques, although a higher vaccine dose may be required for protection in the upper respiratory tract. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - He, Xuan AU - He X AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Chandrashekar, Abishek AU - Chandrashekar A AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Zahn, Roland AU - Zahn R AD - Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, the Netherlands. FAU - Wegmann, Frank AU - Wegmann F AD - Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, the Netherlands. FAU - Yu, Jingyou AU - Yu J AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Mercado, Noe B AU - Mercado NB AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - McMahan, Katherine AU - McMahan K AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Martinot, Amanda J AU - Martinot AJ AD - Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA. FAU - Piedra-Mora, Cesar AU - Piedra-Mora C AD - Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA. FAU - Beecy, Sidney AU - Beecy S AD - Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA. FAU - Ducat, Sarah AU - Ducat S AD - Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA. FAU - Chamanza, Ronnie AU - Chamanza R AD - Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, the Netherlands. FAU - Huber, Sietske Rosendahl AU - Huber SR AD - Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, the Netherlands. FAU - van Heerden, Marjolein AU - van Heerden M AD - Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, the Netherlands. FAU - van der Fits, Leslie AU - van der Fits L AD - Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, the Netherlands. FAU - Borducchi, Erica N AU - Borducchi EN AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Lifton, Michelle AU - Lifton M AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Liu, Jinyan AU - Liu J AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Nampanya, Felix AU - Nampanya F AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Patel, Shivani AU - Patel S AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Peter, Lauren AU - Peter L AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Tostanoski, Lisa H AU - Tostanoski LH AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Pessaint, Laurent AU - Pessaint L AD - Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. FAU - Van Ry, Alex AU - Van Ry A AD - Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. FAU - Finneyfrock, Brad AU - Finneyfrock B AD - Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. FAU - Velasco, Jason AU - Velasco J AD - Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. FAU - Teow, Elyse AU - Teow E AD - Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. FAU - Brown, Renita AU - Brown R AD - Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. FAU - Cook, Anthony AU - Cook A AD - Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. FAU - Andersen, Hanne AU - Andersen H AD - Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. FAU - Lewis, Mark G AU - Lewis MG AD - Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. FAU - Schuitemaker, Hanneke AU - Schuitemaker H AD - Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, the Netherlands. FAU - Barouch, Dan H AU - Barouch DH AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: dbarouch@bidmc.harvard.edu. LA - eng GR - UM1 AI126603/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA260476/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI124377/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI128751/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI129797/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K08 AI135098/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 OD024917/OD/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210601 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2021 Jan 27:2021.01.27.428380. doi: 10.1101/2021.01.27.428380. PMID: 33532782 MH - Adenoviridae/*immunology MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Female MH - Immunogenicity, Vaccine/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Macaca mulatta MH - Male MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Vaccination/methods MH - Viral Vaccines/*immunology PMC - PMC8166510 MID - NIHMS1710150 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ad26.COV2.S OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - humoral immunity OT - immunology OT - memory B cells OT - non-human primates OT - protection OT - vaccination COIS- Declaration of interests D.H.B., R.Z., F.W., and H.S are co-inventors on provisional vaccine patents (63/121,482; 63/133,969; 63/135,182). R.Z., F.W., S.R.H., M.v.H., L.v.d.F., and H.S. are employees of Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV and may hold stock in Johnson & Johnson. EDAT- 2021/06/17 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/02 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/01 CRDT- 2021/06/16 20:07 PHST- 2021/02/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/16 20:07 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(21)00693-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.040 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2021 Jun 24;184(13):3467-3473.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.040. Epub 2021 Jun 1. PMID- 34077451 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210625 LR - 20231111 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2021 TI - Identification of naturally processed Zika virus peptides by mass spectrometry and validation of memory T cell recall responses in Zika convalescent subjects. PG - e0252198 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0252198 [doi] LID - e0252198 AB - Once an obscure pathogen, Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a significant global public health concern. Several studies have linked ZIKV infection in pregnant women with the development of microcephaly and other neurological abnormalities, emphasizing the need for a safe and effective vaccine to combat the spread of this disease. Preclinical studies and vaccine development efforts have largely focused on the role of humoral immunity in disease protection. Consequently, relatively little is known in regard to cellular immunity against ZIKV, although an effective vaccine will likely need to engage both the humoral and cellular arms of the immune system. To that end, we utilized two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to identify 90 ZIKV peptides that were naturally processed and presented on HLA class I and II molecules (HLA-A*02:01/HLA-DRB1*04:01) of an immortalized B cell line infected with ZIKV (strain PRVABC59). Sequence identity clustering was used to filter the number of candidate peptides prior to evaluating memory T cell recall responses in ZIKV convalescent subjects. Peptides that individually elicited broad (4 of 7 subjects) and narrow (1 of 7 subjects) T cell responses were further analyzed using a suite of predictive algorithms and in silico modeling to evaluate HLA binding and peptide structural properties. A subset of nine broadly reactive peptides was predicted to provide robust global population coverage (97.47% class I; 70.74% class II) and to possess stable structural properties amenable for vaccine formulation, highlighting the potential clinical benefit for including ZIKV T cell epitopes in experimental vaccine formulations. FAU - Crooke, Stephen N AU - Crooke SN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4711-5767 AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America. FAU - Ovsyannikova, Inna G AU - Ovsyannikova IG AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America. FAU - Kennedy, Richard B AU - Kennedy RB AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America. FAU - Poland, Gregory A AU - Poland GA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5057-4457 AD - Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210602 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Peptides) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/immunology/*therapy MH - Cell Line MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunization, Passive/methods MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Mass Spectrometry/methods MH - Peptides/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Zika Virus/*immunology/metabolism/pathogenicity MH - Zika Virus Infection/*immunology/metabolism/virology MH - COVID-19 Serotherapy PMC - PMC8171893 COIS- Dr. Poland is a paid scientific advisor for Johnson & Johnson/Janssen Global Services LLC. Dr. Poland is the chair of a Safety Evaluation Committee for novel investigational vaccine trials being conducted by Merck Research Laboratories. Dr. Poland offers consultative advice on vaccine development to Merck & Co., Medicago, GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi Pasteur, Emergent Biosolutions, Dynavax, Genentech, Eli Lilly and Company, Kentucky Bioprocessing, Bavarian Nordic, AstraZeneca, Exelixis, Regeneron, Janssen, Vyriad, Moderna, and Genevant Sciences, Inc. Drs. Poland and Ovsyannikova hold patents related to vaccinia and measles peptide vaccines. Dr. Kennedy holds a patent related to vaccinia peptide vaccines. Drs. Poland, Kennedy, and Ovsyannikova have received grant funding from ICW Ventures for preclinical studies on a peptide-based COVID-19 vaccine. Dr. Kennedy has received funding from Merck Research Laboratories to study waning immunity to mumps vaccine. Dr. Crooke received funding from the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases and Merck & Co. Inc. to support this research. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. These activities have been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and are conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policies. This research has been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and was conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policies. All other authors declare no competing financial interests. EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/29 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/02 CRDT- 2021/06/02 17:22 PHST- 2021/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/02 17:22 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-21-03126 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0252198 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2021 Jun 2;16(6):e0252198. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252198. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34072715 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210607 LR - 20231111 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 11 DP - 2021 May 31 TI - The Significance of COVID-19 Immunological Status in Severe Neurological Complications and Multiple Sclerosis-A Literature Review. LID - 10.3390/ijms22115894 [doi] LID - 5894 AB - SARS-CoV-2/Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is responsible for the pandemic, which started in December 2019. In addition to the typical respiratory symptoms, this virus also causes other severe complications, including neurological ones. In diagnostics, serological and polymerase chain reaction tests are useful not only in detecting past infections but can also predict the response to vaccination. It is now believed that an immune mechanism rather than direct viral neuroinvasion is responsible for neurological symptoms. For this reason, it is important to assess the presence of antibodies not only in the serum but also in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), especially in the case of neuro-COVID. A particular group of patients are people with multiple sclerosis (MS) whose disease-modifying drugs weaken the immune system and lead to an unpredictable serological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on available data, the article summarizes the current serological information concerning COVID-19 in CSF in patients with severe neurological complications and in those with MS. FAU - Kulikowska, Joanna AU - Kulikowska J AD - Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Kulczynska-Przybik, Agnieszka AU - Kulczynska-Przybik A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9889-3585 AD - Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Mroczko, Barbara AU - Mroczko B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4075-8479 AD - Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland. FAU - Kulakowska, Alina AU - Kulakowska A AD - Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210531 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/blood/cerebrospinal fluid/therapy MH - Humans MH - *Multiple Sclerosis/blood/cerebrospinal fluid/therapy/virology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*metabolism PMC - PMC8199258 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibodies OT - cerebrospinal fluid OT - multiple sclerosis OT - neuro-COVID OT - serology COIS- The authors declaire no conflict of interests. EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/08 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/31 CRDT- 2021/06/02 01:36 PHST- 2021/05/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/02 01:36 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms22115894 [pii] AID - ijms-22-05894 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms22115894 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2021 May 31;22(11):5894. doi: 10.3390/ijms22115894. PMID- 34067349 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210616 LR - 20260929 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 6 DP - 2021 May 22 TI - Repeated Exposure to Subinfectious Doses of SARS-CoV-2 May Promote T Cell Immunity and Protection against Severe COVID-19. LID - 10.3390/v13060961 [doi] LID - 961 AB - Europe is experiencing a third wave of COVID-19 due to the spread of highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants. A number of positive and negative factors constantly shape the rates of COVID-19 infections, hospitalization, and mortality. Among these factors, the rise in increasingly transmissible variants on one side and the effect of vaccinations on the other side create a picture deeply different from that of the first pandemic wave. Starting from the observation that in several European countries the number of COVID-19 infections in the second and third pandemic wave increased without a proportional rise in disease severity and mortality, we hypothesize the existence of an additional factor influencing SARS-CoV-2 dynamics. This factor consists of an immune defence against severe COVID-19, provided by SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells progressively developing upon natural exposure to low virus doses present in populated environments. As suggested by recent studies, low-dose viral particles entering the respiratory and intestinal tracts may be able to induce T cell memory in the absence of inflammation, potentially resulting in different degrees of immunization. In this scenario, non-pharmaceutical interventions would play a double role, one in the short term by reducing the detrimental spreading of SARS-CoV-2 particles, and one in the long term by allowing the development of a widespread (although heterogeneous and uncontrollable) form of immune protection. FAU - De Angelis, Maria Laura AU - De Angelis ML AD - Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita (National Institute of Health), 00161 Rome, Italy. FAU - Francescangeli, Federica AU - Francescangeli F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1086-5265 AD - Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita (National Institute of Health), 00161 Rome, Italy. FAU - Rossi, Rachele AU - Rossi R AD - Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita (National Institute of Health), 00161 Rome, Italy. FAU - Giuliani, Alessandro AU - Giuliani A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4640-804X AD - Environment and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, 00161 Rome, Italy. FAU - De Maria, Ruggero AU - De Maria R AD - Department of Medicine and Translational Surgery, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy. AD - Institute of General Pathology, Policlinico Universitario Fondazione A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy. FAU - Zeuner, Ann AU - Zeuner A AD - Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita (National Institute of Health), 00161 Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - A.Z. AIRC IG 2017 ref.20744/AIRC- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210522 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 SB - IM MH - COVID-19/*immunology/prevention & control MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic MH - Environmental Exposure MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology PMC - PMC8224680 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell responses OT - environmental exposure OT - facial masking OT - fomites OT - memory T cells OT - protective immunity COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could represent a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/17 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/22 CRDT- 2021/06/02 01:19 PHST- 2021/04/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/02 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v13060961 [pii] AID - viruses-13-00961 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v13060961 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2021 May 22;13(6):961. doi: 10.3390/v13060961. PMID- 34065023 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210604 LR - 20241009 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 10 DP - 2021 May 11 TI - Dissociation, Cognitive Reflection and Health Literacy Have a Modest Effect on Belief in Conspiracy Theories about COVID-19. LID - 10.3390/ijerph18105065 [doi] LID - 5065 AB - Understanding the predictors of belief in COVID-related conspiracy theories and willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 may aid the resolution of current and future pandemics. We investigate how psychological and cognitive characteristics influence general conspiracy mentality and COVID-related conspiracy theories. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on data from an online survey of a sample of Czech university students (n = 866) collected in January 2021, using multivariate linear regression and mediation analysis. Sixteen percent of respondents believed that COVID-19 is a hoax, and 17% believed that COVID-19 was intentionally created by humans. Seven percent of the variance of the hoax theory and 10% of the variance of the creation theory was explained by (in descending order of relevance) low cognitive reflection, low digital health literacy, high experience with dissociation and, to some extent, high bullshit receptivity. Belief in COVID-related conspiracy theories depended less on psychological and cognitive variables compared to conspiracy mentality (16% of the variance explained). The effect of digital health literacy on belief in COVID-related theories was moderated by cognitive reflection. Belief in conspiracy theories related to COVID-19 was influenced by experience with dissociation, cognitive reflection, digital health literacy and bullshit receptivity. FAU - Pisl, Vojtech AU - Pisl V AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, 30100 Pilsen, Czech Republic. FAU - Volavka, Jan AU - Volavka J AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, 30100 Pilsen, Czech Republic. AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA. FAU - Chvojkova, Edita AU - Chvojkova E AD - Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, 1012 Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Cechova, Katerina AU - Cechova K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5845-1854 AD - Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic. AD - International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Kavalirova, Gabriela AU - Kavalirova G AD - Center of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, University of West Bohemia, 30100 Pilsen, Czech Republic. FAU - Vevera, Jan AU - Vevera J AD - Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, 30100 Pilsen, Czech Republic. AD - Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic. AD - Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, 10005 Prague, Czech Republic. LA - eng GR - program nr 9, by the program Progres = C4 = 8D. Q 06/LF1 = 20/Univerzita Karlova v Praze/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210511 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Cognition MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Dissociative Disorders MH - *Health Literacy MH - Humans MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8151867 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - bullshit receptivity OT - cognitive reflection OT - conspiracy theories OT - dissociation OT - eHEALS OT - health literacy COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/05 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/11 CRDT- 2021/06/02 01:11 PHST- 2021/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/02 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph18105065 [pii] AID - ijerph-18-05065 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph18105065 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 11;18(10):5065. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105065. PMID- 34057580 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231111 IS - 2090-5920 (Electronic) IS - 1687-157X (Print) IS - 1687-157X (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2021 May 31 TI - PPAR agonists as effective adjuvants for COVID-19 vaccines, by modifying immunogenetics: a review of literature. PG - 82 LID - 10.1186/s43141-021-00179-2 [doi] LID - 82 AB - BACKGROUND: Several coronavirus vaccine have been fast-tracked to halt the pandemic, the usage of immune adjuvants that can boost immunological memory has come up to the surface. This is particularly of importance in view of the rates of failure of seroconversion and re-infection after COVID-19 infection, which could make the vaccine role and response debatable. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have an established immune-modulatory role, but their effects as adjuvants to vaccination have not been explored to date. It is increasingly recognized that PPAR agonists can upregulate the levels of anti-apoptotic factors such as MCL-1. Such effect can improve the results of vaccination by enhancing the longevity of long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs). The interaction between PPAR agonists and the immune system does not halt here, as T cell memory is also stimulated through enhanced T regulatory cells, antagonizing PD-L1 and switching the metabolism of T cells to fatty acid oxidation, which has a remarkable effect on the persistence of T memory cells. What is even of a more significant value is the effect of PPAR gamma on ensuring a profound secretion of antibodies upon re-exposure to the offending antigen through upregulating lipoxin B4, therefore potentially assisting the vaccine response and deterring re-infection. SHORT CONCLUSION: In view of the above, we suggest the use of PPAR as adjuvants to vaccines in general especially the emerging COVID-19 vaccine due to their role in enhancing immunologic memory through DNA-dependent mechanisms. FAU - AbdelMassih, Antoine Fakhry AU - AbdelMassih AF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8876-3229 AD - Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Pediatrics' Department, Cairo University Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Al Ainy Street, Cairo, 12411, Egypt. antoine.abdelmassih@kasralainy.edu.eg. AD - Pediatric Cardio-Oncology Department, Children Cancer Hospital of Egypt (57357), Cairo, Egypt. antoine.abdelmassih@kasralainy.edu.eg. FAU - Menshawey, Rahma AU - Menshawey R AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Ismail, Jumana H AU - Ismail JH AD - Pulmonology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Husseiny, Reem J AU - Husseiny RJ AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Husseiny, Yousef M AU - Husseiny YM AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, New Giza University, 6th of October City, Egypt. FAU - Yacoub, Shenoda AU - Yacoub S AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Kamel, Aya AU - Kamel A AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Hozaien, Rafeef AU - Hozaien R AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Yacoub, Elaria AU - Yacoub E AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Menshawey, Esraa AU - Menshawey E AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Abdelmalek, Abanoub AU - Abdelmalek A AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Abouelazaem, Ahmed AU - Abouelazaem A AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Elhatw, Ahmed AU - Elhatw A AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Aboelmaaty, Ahmed AU - Aboelmaaty A AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Shahib, Alaaelrahman AU - Shahib A AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Mansour, Amany AU - Mansour A AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Kamal, Aya AU - Kamal A AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Mohamed, Basant AU - Mohamed B AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Atif, Bemen AU - Atif B AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Ghabreal, Beshoy AU - Ghabreal B AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Abdelmalak, Catherine AU - Abdelmalak C AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Ibrahim, David AU - Ibrahim D AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Elsaify, Ebtesam AU - Elsaify E AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Magdy, Farah AU - Magdy F AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Hanna, Farid G AU - Hanna FG AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Hafez, Hadeer AU - Hafez H AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Dahir, Hafsa AU - Dahir H AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Merhom, Kerlos AU - Merhom K AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Ahmed, Maram AU - Ahmed M AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Bishara, Mariam AU - Bishara M AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Tawfik, Mina AU - Tawfik M AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Youssef, Mina AU - Youssef M AD - University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical, Buffalo, USA. FAU - El Sharnouby, Mohamed AU - El Sharnouby M AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Hamouda, Mourad AU - Hamouda M AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Ammar, Musheera AU - Ammar M AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Ali, Nada AU - Ali N AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Daniel, Nada AU - Daniel N AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - El-Husseiny, Nadine AU - El-Husseiny N AD - Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. AD - Pixagon graphic design Agency, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Abdelraouf, Noha AU - Abdelraouf N AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Abdelhameed, Nuran K AU - Abdelhameed NK AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Ahmed, Radwa AU - Ahmed R AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Othman, Radwa AU - Othman R AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Mohamadein, Rahma AU - Mohamadein R AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Allam, Rana AU - Allam R AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Elgendy, Rana AU - Elgendy R AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Shebl, Rana AU - Shebl R AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Elsherbiney, Saged AU - Elsherbiney S AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Fouad, Sarah AU - Fouad S AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Emel, Sara AU - Emel S AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Owais, Sara AU - Owais S AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Hetta, Sarah AU - Hetta S AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - El-Saman, Samah AU - El-Saman S AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Abdelalim, Shaimaa AU - Abdelalim S AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Galal, Sherin AU - Galal S AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Asar, Yara AU - Asar Y AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Osman, Yara AU - Osman Y AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Khalaf, Yasmeen AU - Khalaf Y AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Aziz, Youstina AU - Aziz Y AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, 6th October University, 6th of October City, Egypt. FAU - Khafagy, Yousra AU - Khafagy Y AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Gamal, Nervana AU - Gamal N AD - Research Accessibility Team, Student and Internship research program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Castaldi, Biagio AU - Castaldi B AD - Padova University, Padua, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210531 PL - Netherlands TA - J Genet Eng Biotechnol JT - Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology JID - 101317150 PMC - PMC8165506 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 vaccine OT - Immunologic memory OT - PPAR COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/06/01 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/01 06:01 PMCR- 2021/05/31 CRDT- 2021/05/31 12:54 PHST- 2021/03/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/31 12:54 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/01 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s43141-021-00179-2 [pii] AID - 179 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s43141-021-00179-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2021 May 31;19(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s43141-021-00179-2. PMID- 34057040 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210614 LR - 20210625 IS - 2222-1751 (Electronic) IS - 2222-1751 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Dec TI - Intensified antibody response elicited by boost suggests immune memory in individuals administered two doses of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine. PG - 1112-1115 LID - 10.1080/22221751.2021.1937328 [doi] AB - Neutralizing antibodies in the subjects of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine clinical trial showed a decreasing trend over months. An investigation studying the third immunization suggested that the waning of neutralizing antibodies in individuals administered two doses of inactivated vaccine does not mean the disappearance of immunity. FAU - Liao, Yun AU - Liao Y AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Ying AU - Zhang Y AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhao, Heng AU - Zhao H AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Pu, Jing AU - Pu J AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhao, Zhimei AU - Zhao Z AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Dandan AU - Li D AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Fan, Shengtao AU - Fan S AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yu, Li AU - Yu L AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Xu, Xingli AU - Xu X AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Lichun AU - Wang L AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Jiang, Guorun AU - Jiang G AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Longding AU - Liu L AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Qihan AU - Li Q AD - Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development for Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Letter PL - United States TA - Emerg Microbes Infect JT - Emerging microbes & infections JID - 101594885 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/*immunology MH - Humans MH - *Immunization, Secondary MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Middle Aged MH - Vaccination/statistics & numerical data MH - Vaccines, Inactivated/administration & dosage/immunology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8204957 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody waning OT - immune memory OT - inactivated vaccine COIS- All authors have completed the Unified Competing Interest form and declare that they have no financial or nonfinancial competing interests. The corresponding authors had full access to all the data generated in the present study and assume full responsibility for the final submission of this manuscript for publication. EDAT- 2021/06/01 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/16 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/09 CRDT- 2021/05/31 09:01 PHST- 2021/06/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/31 09:01 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1937328 [pii] AID - 10.1080/22221751.2021.1937328 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Emerg Microbes Infect. 2021 Dec;10(1):1112-1115. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1937328. PMID- 34046033 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210607 LR - 20240810 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - Infection and Immune Memory: Variables in Robust Protection by Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2. PG - 660019 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660019 [doi] LID - 660019 AB - SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of a recent pandemic that has led to more than 3 million deaths worldwide. Most individuals are asymptomatic or display mild symptoms, which raises an inherent question as to how does the immune response differs from patients manifesting severe disease? During the initial phase of infection, dysregulated effector immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, megakaryocytes, basophils, eosinophils, erythroid progenitor cells, and Th17 cells can alter the trajectory of an infected patient to severe disease. On the other hand, properly functioning CD4+, CD8+ cells, NK cells, and DCs reduce the disease severity. Detailed understanding of the immune response of convalescent individuals transitioning from the effector phase to the immunogenic memory phase can provide vital clues to understanding essential variables to assess vaccine-induced protection. Although neutralizing antibodies can wane over time, long-lasting B and T memory cells can persist in recovered individuals. The natural immunological memory captures the diverse repertoire of SARS-CoV-2 epitopes after natural infection whereas, currently approved vaccines are based on a single epitope, spike protein. It is essential to understand the nature of the immune response to natural infection to better identify 'correlates of protection' against this disease. This article discusses recent findings regarding immune response against natural infection to SARS-CoV-2 and the nature of immunogenic memory. More precise knowledge of the acute phase of immune response and its transition to immunological memory will contribute to the future design of vaccines and the identification of variables essential to maintain immune protection across diverse populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Ahluwalia, Vaibhav, Ahluwalia, Mondal, Sahajpal, Rojiani and Kolhe. FAU - Ahluwalia, Pankaj AU - Ahluwalia P AD - Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States. FAU - Vaibhav, Kumar AU - Vaibhav K AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States. FAU - Ahluwalia, Meenakshi AU - Ahluwalia M AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States. FAU - Mondal, Ashis K AU - Mondal AK AD - Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States. FAU - Sahajpal, Nikhil AU - Sahajpal N AD - Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States. FAU - Rojiani, Amyn M AU - Rojiani AM AD - Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States. FAU - Kolhe, Ravindra AU - Kolhe R AD - Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20210511 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/metabolism MH - Antibodies, Viral/metabolism MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Disease Resistance MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2/*physiology PMC - PMC8144450 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Immune memory OT - Immune system OT - Immunological memory OT - Pathogen OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - Vaccine OT - Vaccine design COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/05/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/08 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/11 CRDT- 2021/05/28 07:24 PHST- 2021/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/28 07:24 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660019 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2021 May 11;12:660019. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660019. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34022372 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231107 IS - 1090-2139 (Electronic) IS - 0889-1591 (Print) IS - 0889-1591 (Linking) VI - 96 DP - 2021 Aug TI - Pre-pandemic cognitive function and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: cohort study. PG - 100-105 LID - S0889-1591(21)00197-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.05.016 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Whereas several predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy have been reported, the role of cognitive function is largely unknown. Accordingly, our objective was to evaluate the association between scores from an array of cognitive function tests and self-reported vaccine hesitancy after the announcement of the successful testing of the first COVID-19 vaccine (Oxford University/AstraZeneca). METHODS: We used individual-level data from a pandemic-focused study ('COVID Survey'), a prospective cohort study nested within United Kingdom Understanding Society ('Main Survey'). In the week immediately following the announcement of successful testing of the first efficacious inoculation (November/December 2020), data on vaccine intentionality were collected in 11,740 individuals (6702 women) aged 16-95 years. Pre-pandemic scores on general cognitive function, ascertained from a battery of six tests, were captured in 2011/12 wave of the Main Survey. Study members self-reported their intention to take up a vaccination in the COVID-19 Survey. RESULTS: Of the study sample, 17.2% (N = 1842) indicated they were hesitant about having the vaccine. After adjustment for age, sex, and ethnicity, study members with a lower baseline cognition score were markedly more likely to be vaccine hesitant (odds ratio per standard deviation lower score in cognition; 95% confidence interval: 1.76; 1.62, 1.90). Adjustment for mental and physical health plus household shielding status had no impact on these results, whereas controlling for educational attainment led to partial attenuation but the probability of hesitancy was still elevated (1.52; 1.37, 1.67). There was a linear association for vaccine hesitancy across the full range of cognition scores (p for trend: p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Erroneous social media reports might have complicated personal decision-making, leading to people with lower cognitive ability being vaccine-hesitant. With individuals with lower cognition also experiencing higher rates of COVID-19 in studies conducted prior to vaccine distribution, these new findings are suggestive of a potential additional disease burden. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Batty, G David AU - Batty GD AD - Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK. Electronic address: david.batty@ucl.ac.uk. FAU - Deary, Ian J AU - Deary IJ AD - Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK. FAU - Fawns-Ritchie, Chloe AU - Fawns-Ritchie C AD - Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK. FAU - Gale, Catharine R AU - Gale CR AD - Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK; Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK. FAU - Altschul, Drew AU - Altschul D AD - Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210520 PL - Netherlands TA - Brain Behav Immun JT - Brain, behavior, and immunity JID - 8800478 SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2021 Mar 25:2021.03.16.21253634. doi: 10.1101/2021.03.16.21253634. PMID: 33791726 PMC - PMC8133799 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cognitive ability OT - Cognitive function OT - Cohort OT - IQ OT - Mental ability OT - Vaccine hesitancy COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/05/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/23 06:01 PMCR- 2021/08/01 CRDT- 2021/05/22 20:12 PHST- 2021/05/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/23 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/22 20:12 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0889-1591(21)00197-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.05.016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Aug;96:100-105. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.05.016. Epub 2021 May 20. PMID- 34022331 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210819 LR - 20210819 IS - 1878-3511 (Electronic) IS - 1201-9712 (Print) IS - 1201-9712 (Linking) VI - 108 DP - 2021 Jul TI - Immunological memory and neutralizing activity to a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine in previously infected individuals. PG - 183-186 LID - S1201-9712(21)00436-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.05.034 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines to generate immunological memory post-vaccination has not previously been studied. OBJECTIVE: To assess immunological memory in previously SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals after a single dose of mRNA vaccine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Healthcare workers (n = 280) were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent and grouped under previously infected and no prior exposure (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction positive and negative, respectively). Blood was drawn at baseline and post-vaccination (single dose of COVISHIELD) for enumerating neutralizing antibodies by chemiluminescence and memory T- and B-cells by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Post vaccination, compared with the no prior exposure group, the previously infected group had higher levels of: antibody response (1124.73 +/- 869.13 vs 94.23 +/- 140.06 AU/ml, p = 0.0001); CD4 memory T-cells: central memory CCR7+CD45RA- (p = 0.0001), effector memory CCR7-/CD45RA- (p = 0.01); total CD8+ T-cells (p = 0.004); CD8+ naive T-cells CCR7+CD45RA+ (p = 0.01); and memory B-cells CD20+CD27+ (p = 0.0001). DISCUSSION: Single-dose vaccination elicited higher neutralizing antibody response and protective immunity in individuals who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with those with no prior exposure. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Sasikala, Mitnala AU - Sasikala M AD - Institute of Translational Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals Complex, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India. Electronic address: drsasikala.mitnala@aighospitals.com. FAU - Shashidhar, Jaggaiahgari AU - Shashidhar J AD - Institute of Translational Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals Complex, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India. FAU - Deepika, Gujjarlapudi AU - Deepika G AD - Department of Biochemistry, AIG Hospitals, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India. FAU - Ravikanth, Vishnubhotla AU - Ravikanth V AD - Institute of Translational Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals Complex, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India. FAU - Krishna, Vemula Venkata AU - Krishna VV AD - Institute of Translational Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals Complex, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India. FAU - Sadhana, Yelamanchili AU - Sadhana Y AD - Department of Microbiology and Virology, AIG Hospitals, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India. FAU - Pragathi, Kottapalli AU - Pragathi K AD - Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, AIG Hospitals, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India. FAU - Reddy, Duvvur Nageshwar AU - Reddy DN AD - Institute of Translational Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals Complex, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210519 PL - Canada TA - Int J Infect Dis JT - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases JID - 9610933 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *COVID-19 MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC8132551 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Memory B-cells OT - Memory T-cells OT - SARS-CoV-2 EDAT- 2021/05/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/20 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/19 CRDT- 2021/05/22 20:11 PHST- 2021/04/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/22 20:11 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1201-9712(21)00436-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.05.034 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Jul;108:183-186. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.05.034. Epub 2021 May 19. PMID- 34022127 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210621 LR - 20240923 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Jun 8 TI - Profiling B cell immunodominance after SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals antibody evolution to non-neutralizing viral targets. PG - 1290-1303.e7 LID - S1074-7613(21)00198-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.001 [doi] AB - Dissecting the evolution of memory B cells (MBCs) against SARS-CoV-2 is critical for understanding antibody recall upon secondary exposure. Here, we used single-cell sequencing to profile SARS-CoV-2-reactive B cells in 38 COVID-19 patients. Using oligo-tagged antigen baits, we isolated B cells specific to the SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleoprotein (NP), open reading frame 8 (ORF8), and endemic human coronavirus (HCoV) spike proteins. SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific cells were enriched in the memory compartment of acutely infected and convalescent patients several months post symptom onset. With severe acute infection, substantial populations of endemic HCoV-reactive antibody-secreting cells were identified and possessed highly mutated variable genes, signifying preexisting immunity. Finally, MBCs exhibited pronounced maturation to NP and ORF8 over time, especially in older patients. Monoclonal antibodies against these targets were non-neutralizing and non-protective in vivo. These findings reveal antibody adaptation to non-neutralizing intracellular antigens during infection, emphasizing the importance of vaccination for inducing neutralizing spike-specific MBCs. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Dugan, Haley L AU - Dugan HL AD - Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Stamper, Christopher T AU - Stamper CT AD - Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Li, Lei AU - Li L AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Changrob, Siriruk AU - Changrob S AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Asby, Nicholas W AU - Asby NW AD - Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Halfmann, Peter J AU - Halfmann PJ AD - Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711. FAU - Zheng, Nai-Ying AU - Zheng NY AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Huang, Min AU - Huang M AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Shaw, Dustin G AU - Shaw DG AD - Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Cobb, Mari S AU - Cobb MS AD - Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Erickson, Steven A AU - Erickson SA AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Guthmiller, Jenna J AU - Guthmiller JJ AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Stovicek, Olivia AU - Stovicek O AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Wang, Jiaolong AU - Wang J AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Winkler, Emma S AU - Winkler ES AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA. FAU - Madariaga, Maria Lucia AU - Madariaga ML AD - Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Shanmugarajah, Kumaran AU - Shanmugarajah K AD - Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Jansen, Maud O AU - Jansen MO AD - Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Amanat, Fatima AU - Amanat F AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. FAU - Stewart, Isabelle AU - Stewart I AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Utset, Henry A AU - Utset HA AD - University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Huang, Jun AU - Huang J AD - Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Nelson, Christopher A AU - Nelson CA AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA. FAU - Dai, Ya-Nan AU - Dai YN AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA. FAU - Hall, Paige D AU - Hall PD AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA. FAU - Jedrzejczak, Robert P AU - Jedrzejczak RP AD - Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Structural Biology Center, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA. FAU - Joachimiak, Andrzej AU - Joachimiak A AD - Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Structural Biology Center, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Krammer, Florian AU - Krammer F AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. FAU - Diamond, Michael S AU - Diamond MS AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Molecular Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA. FAU - Fremont, Daved H AU - Fremont DH AD - Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA. FAU - Kawaoka, Yoshihiro AU - Kawaoka Y AD - Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711; Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639 Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Wilson, Patrick C AU - Wilson PC AD - Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Electronic address: wilsonp@uchicago.edu. LA - eng GR - 75N93019C00062/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201400008C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI157155/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI057266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 CA009594/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI109946/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI007090/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 75N93019C00051/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201700060C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI082724/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201400005C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - F30 AI152327/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210506 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunodominant Epitopes) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - Antibody Formation/genetics/*immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology/metabolism MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Computational Biology/methods MH - Cross Reactions/immunology MH - Epitope Mapping MH - Female MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing MH - Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunodominant Epitopes/genetics/*immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Neutralization Tests MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Single-Cell Analysis/methods MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Transcriptome PMC - PMC8101792 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - ORF8 OT - RNA sequencing OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody OT - immunodominance OT - memory B cell OT - nucleoprotein OT - preexisting immunity OT - spike COIS- Declaration of interests The University of Chicago has filed a patent application relating to anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies generated in this work, with P.C.W., H.L.D., and C.T.S. as co-inventors. Several antibodies generated from this work are being used by Now Diagnostics (Springdale, Arkansas) for the development of a diagnostic test. M.S.D. is a consultant for Inbios, Vir Biotechnology, NGM Biopharmaceuticals, and Carnival Corporation and is on the scientific advisory boards of Moderna and Immunome. The Diamond laboratory has received funding support in sponsored research agreements from Moderna, Vir Biotechnology, and Emergent BioSolutions. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has filed patent applications relating to SARS-CoV-2 serological assays and NDV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that list F.K. as co-inventor. Mount Sinai has spun out a company, Kantaro, to market serological tests for SARS-CoV-2. F.K. has consulted for Merck and Pfizer (before 2020) and is currently consulting for Pfizer, Seqirus, and Avimex. The Krammer laboratory is also collaborating with Pfizer on animal models of SARS-CoV-2. EDAT- 2021/05/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/22 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/06 CRDT- 2021/05/22 20:07 PHST- 2021/02/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/22 20:07 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(21)00198-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2021 Jun 8;54(6):1290-1303.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.001. Epub 2021 May 6. PMID- 34015271 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210629 LR - 20240923 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 184 IP - 12 DP - 2021 Jun 10 TI - B cell genomics behind cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants and SARS-CoV. PG - 3205-3221.e24 LID - S0092-8674(21)00535-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.032 [doi] AB - Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a focus in vaccine and therapeutic design to counteract severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants. Here, we combined B cell sorting with single-cell VDJ and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and mAb structures to characterize B cell responses against SARS-CoV-2. We show that the SARS-CoV-2-specific B cell repertoire consists of transcriptionally distinct B cell populations with cells producing potently neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) localized in two clusters that resemble memory and activated B cells. Cryo-electron microscopy structures of selected nAbs from these two clusters complexed with SARS-CoV-2 spike trimers show recognition of various receptor-binding domain (RBD) epitopes. One of these mAbs, BG10-19, locks the spike trimer in a closed conformation to potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2, the recently arising mutants B.1.1.7 and B.1.351, and SARS-CoV and cross-reacts with heterologous RBDs. Together, our results characterize transcriptional differences among SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells and uncover cross-neutralizing Ab targets that will inform immunogen and therapeutic design against coronaviruses. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Scheid, Johannes F AU - Scheid JF AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. FAU - Barnes, Christopher O AU - Barnes CO AD - Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. FAU - Eraslan, Basak AU - Eraslan B AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Hudak, Andrew AU - Hudak A AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Keeffe, Jennifer R AU - Keeffe JR AD - Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. FAU - Cosimi, Lisa A AU - Cosimi LA AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Brown, Eric M AU - Brown EM AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. FAU - Muecksch, Frauke AU - Muecksch F AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Weisblum, Yiska AU - Weisblum Y AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Zhang, Shuting AU - Zhang S AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Delorey, Toni AU - Delorey T AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Woolley, Ann E AU - Woolley AE AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Ghantous, Fadi AU - Ghantous F AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. FAU - Park, Sung-Moo AU - Park SM AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Phillips, Devan AU - Phillips D AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Tusi, Betsabeh AU - Tusi B AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Huey-Tubman, Kathryn E AU - Huey-Tubman KE AD - Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. FAU - Cohen, Alexander A AU - Cohen AA AD - Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. FAU - Gnanapragasam, Priyanthi N P AU - Gnanapragasam PNP AD - Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. FAU - Rzasa, Kara AU - Rzasa K AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Hatziioanno, Theodora AU - Hatziioanno T AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Durney, Michael A AU - Durney MA AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Gu, Xiebin AU - Gu X AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Tada, Takuya AU - Tada T AD - Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. FAU - Landau, Nathaniel R AU - Landau NR AD - Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. FAU - West, Anthony P Jr AU - West AP Jr AD - Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. FAU - Rozenblatt-Rosen, Orit AU - Rozenblatt-Rosen O AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Seaman, Michael S AU - Seaman MS AD - Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. FAU - Baden, Lindsey R AU - Baden LR AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. FAU - Graham, Daniel B AU - Graham DB AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. FAU - Deguine, Jacques AU - Deguine J AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. FAU - Bieniasz, Paul D AU - Bieniasz PD AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA. FAU - Regev, Aviv AU - Regev A AD - Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA. FAU - Hung, Deborah AU - Hung D AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. FAU - Bjorkman, Pamela J AU - Bjorkman PJ AD - Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. Electronic address: bjorkman@caltech.edu. FAU - Xavier, Ramnik J AU - Xavier RJ AD - Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: xavier@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu. LA - eng GR - R33 AI122390/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 DK043351/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI138938/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - UM1 AI069412/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI122390/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P50 AI150464/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI142784/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - DP1 DA046100/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - K08 AI120898/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - RC2 DK114784/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210424 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antigen-Antibody Complex) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin Variable Region) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/chemistry/*immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/chemistry/immunology MH - Antigen-Antibody Complex/chemistry/metabolism MH - Antigen-Antibody Reactions MH - B-Lymphocytes/cytology/*metabolism/virology MH - COVID-19/pathology/virology MH - Cryoelectron Microscopy MH - Crystallography, X-Ray MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin A/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin Variable Region/chemistry/genetics MH - Protein Domains/immunology MH - Protein Multimerization MH - Protein Structure, Quaternary MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism MH - Sequence Analysis, RNA MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/metabolism PMC - PMC8064835 MID - NIHMS1696927 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV cross-neutralization OT - cryo-electron microscopy OT - disordered CDRH3 OT - memory B cells OT - monoclonal antibodies OT - single B cell genomics COIS- Declaration of interests A provisional patent for the novel SARS-CoV-2 mAbs described in this study has been filed. The authors listed on that application are R.J.X., J.F.S., C.O.B., P.J.B., and B.E. The Broad Institute has filed multiple patents in the area of single cell RNA-seq on which A.R. and O.R.-R. are named inventors. Rockefeller University has applied for a patent relating to the replication competent VSV/SARS-CoV-2 chimeric virus on which Y.W., T.H., and P.D.B. are listed as inventors (US patent 63/036,124). R.J.X. is co-founder and equity holder of Jnana Therapeutics. R.J.X. and A.R. are co-founders and equity holders of Celsius Therapeutics. A.R. is an equity holder in Immunitas and was an SAB member of ThermoFisher Scientific, Syros Pharmaceuticals, Neogene Therapeutics, and Asimov. A.R. and O.R.-R. are employees of Genentech (member of the Roche Group) since August and October 2020, respectively. These companies did not provide support for this work. EDAT- 2021/05/21 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/30 06:00 PMCR- 2021/04/24 CRDT- 2021/05/20 20:11 PHST- 2020/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/20 20:11 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(21)00535-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.032 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2021 Jun 10;184(12):3205-3221.e24. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.032. Epub 2021 Apr 24. PMID- 34011939 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210531 LR - 20240402 IS - 2041-1723 (Electronic) IS - 2041-1723 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2021 May 19 TI - Cross-reactive serum and memory B-cell responses to spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronavirus infection. PG - 2938 LID - 10.1038/s41467-021-23074-3 [doi] LID - 2938 AB - Pre-existing immunity to seasonal endemic coronaviruses could have profound consequences for antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2, induced from natural infection or vaccination. A first step to establish whether pre-existing responses can impact SARS-CoV-2 infection is to understand the nature and extent of cross-reactivity in humans to coronaviruses. Here we compare serum antibody and memory B cell responses to coronavirus spike proteins from pre-pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 convalescent donors using binding and functional assays. We show weak evidence of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive serum antibodies in pre-pandemic donors. However, we find evidence of pre-existing cross-reactive memory B cells that are activated during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Monoclonal antibodies show varying degrees of cross-reactivity with betacoronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-1 and endemic coronaviruses. We identify one cross-reactive neutralizing antibody specific to the S2 subunit of the S protein. Our results suggest that pre-existing immunity to endemic coronaviruses should be considered in evaluating antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2. FAU - Song, Ge AU - Song G AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - He, Wan-Ting AU - He WT AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Callaghan, Sean AU - Callaghan S AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Anzanello, Fabio AU - Anzanello F AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Huang, Deli AU - Huang D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6989-639X AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Ricketts, James AU - Ricketts J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9057-5937 AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Torres, Jonathan L AU - Torres JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0137-8497 AD - Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Beutler, Nathan AU - Beutler N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3240-9524 AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Peng, Linghang AU - Peng L AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Vargas, Sirena AU - Vargas S AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Cassell, Jon AU - Cassell J AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Parren, Mara AU - Parren M AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Yang, Linlin AU - Yang L AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Ignacio, Caroline AU - Ignacio C AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Smith, Davey M AU - Smith DM AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Voss, James E AU - Voss JE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4777-1596 AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Nemazee, David AU - Nemazee D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4769-6311 AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Ward, Andrew B AU - Ward AB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7153-3769 AD - IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Rogers, Thomas AU - Rogers T AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. FAU - Burton, Dennis R AU - Burton DR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6711-9864 AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. burton@scripps.edu. AD - IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. burton@scripps.edu. AD - Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. burton@scripps.edu. AD - Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. burton@scripps.edu. FAU - Andrabi, Raiees AU - Andrabi R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8837-7520 AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. andrabi@scripps.edu. AD - IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. andrabi@scripps.edu. AD - Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. andrabi@scripps.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 AI073148/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI132317/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R56 AI073148/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210519 PL - England TA - Nat Commun JT - Nature communications JID - 101528555 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2020 Sep 23:2020.09.22.308965. doi: 10.1101/2020.09.22.308965. PMID: 32995770 MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Cross Protection/*immunology MH - Cross Reactions/immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Male MH - Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus/*immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology PMC - PMC8134462 COIS- R.A., G.S., W.H., T.F.R., and D.R.B. are listed as inventors on pending patent applications describing the SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-HKU1 S cross-reactive antibodies. D.R.B. is a consultant for IAVI. All other authors have no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2021/05/21 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/01 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/19 CRDT- 2021/05/20 06:12 PHST- 2020/09/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/20 06:12 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41467-021-23074-3 [pii] AID - 23074 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41467-021-23074-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nat Commun. 2021 May 19;12(1):2938. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23074-3. PMID- 33979412 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210609 LR - 20230920 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 5 DP - 2021 TI - COVID-19 vaccine rumors and conspiracy theories: The need for cognitive inoculation against misinformation to improve vaccine adherence. PG - e0251605 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0251605 [doi] LID - e0251605 AB - INTRODUCTION: Rumors and conspiracy theories, can contribute to vaccine hesitancy. Monitoring online data related to COVID-19 vaccine candidates can track vaccine misinformation in real-time and assist in negating its impact. This study aimed to examine COVID-19 vaccine rumors and conspiracy theories circulating on online platforms, understand their context, and then review interventions to manage this misinformation and increase vaccine acceptance. METHOD: In June 2020, a multi-disciplinary team was formed to review and collect online rumors and conspiracy theories between 31 December 2019-30 November 2020. Sources included Google, Google Fact Check, Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, fact-checking agency websites, and television and newspaper websites. Quantitative data were extracted, entered in an Excel spreadsheet, and analyzed descriptively using the statistical package R version 4.0.3. We conducted a content analysis of the qualitative information from news articles, online reports and blogs and compared with findings from quantitative data. Based on the fact-checking agency ratings, information was categorized as true, false, misleading, or exaggerated. RESULTS: We identified 637 COVID-19 vaccine-related items: 91% were rumors and 9% were conspiracy theories from 52 countries. Of the 578 rumors, 36% were related to vaccine development, availability, and access, 20% related to morbidity and mortality, 8% to safety, efficacy, and acceptance, and the rest were other categories. Of the 637 items, 5% (30/) were true, 83% (528/637) were false, 10% (66/637) were misleading, and 2% (13/637) were exaggerated. CONCLUSIONS: Rumors and conspiracy theories may lead to mistrust contributing to vaccine hesitancy. Tracking COVID-19 vaccine misinformation in real-time and engaging with social media to disseminate correct information could help safeguard the public against misinformation. FAU - Islam, Md Saiful AU - Islam MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5690-5971 AD - Infectious Diseases Division, Program for Emerging Infections, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. AD - School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Kamal, Abu-Hena Mostofa AU - Kamal AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2529-3685 AD - Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh. AD - Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. FAU - Kabir, Alamgir AU - Kabir A AD - School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. AD - Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Southern, Dorothy L AU - Southern DL AD - Independent Scientific Writing Consultant, Mandalay, Myanmar. FAU - Khan, Sazzad Hossain AU - Khan SH AD - Infectious Diseases Division, Program for Emerging Infections, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Hasan, S M Murshid AU - Hasan SMM AD - Department of Society and Health, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand. FAU - Sarkar, Tonmoy AU - Sarkar T AD - Infectious Diseases Division, Program for Emerging Infections, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Sharmin, Shayla AU - Sharmin S AD - Independent Researcher, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Das, Shiuli AU - Das S AD - Infectious Diseases Division, Program for Emerging Infections, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Roy, Tuhin AU - Roy T AD - Sociology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh. FAU - Harun, Md Golam Dostogir AU - Harun MGD AD - Infectious Diseases Division, Program for Emerging Infections, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Chughtai, Abrar Ahmad AU - Chughtai AA AD - School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Homaira, Nusrat AU - Homaira N AD - School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Seale, Holly AU - Seale H AD - School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210512 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - COVID-19/*psychology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/pharmacology MH - Communication MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Information Dissemination/ethics/*methods MH - Public Health MH - SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity MH - Social Media MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Vaccination/methods MH - Vaccination Refusal/*psychology PMC - PMC8115834 COIS- Associate Professor Holly Seale has previously received funding from drug companies for investigator-driven research and consulting fees to present at conferences/workshops and develop resources (Seqirus, GSK and Sanofi Pasteur). She has also participated in an advisory board meeting for Sanofi Pasteur. This work has been a voluntary contribution from all authors. The commercial affiliation of the authors did not play a role in our study, and this does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies of sharing data and materials. EDAT- 2021/05/13 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/10 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/12 CRDT- 2021/05/12 17:21 PHST- 2021/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/12 17:21 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-21-06301 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0251605 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2021 May 12;16(5):e0251605. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251605. eCollection 2021. PMID- 33978754 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210928 LR - 20210928 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Print) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) VI - 224 IP - 4 DP - 2021 Aug 16 TI - Persistence of Antibody and Cellular Immune Responses in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Over Nine Months After Infection. PG - 586-594 LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiab255 [doi] LID - jiab255 AB - BACKGROUND: The duration of humoral and T and B cell response after the infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains unclear. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study to assess the virus-specific antibody and memory T and B cell responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients up to 343 days after infection. Neutralizing antibodies and antibodies against the receptor-binding domain, spike, and nucleoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 were measured. Virus-specific memory T and B cell responses were analyzed. RESULTS: We enrolled 59 patients with COVID-19, including 38 moderate, 16 mild, and 5 asymptomatic patients; 31 (52.5%) were men and 28 (47.5%) were women. The median age was 41 years (interquartile range, 30-55). The median day from symptom onset to enrollment was 317 days (range 257 to 343 days). We found that approximately 90% of patients still have detectable immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies against spike and nucleocapsid proteins and neutralizing antibodies against pseudovirus, whereas ~60% of patients had detectable IgG antibodies against receptor-binding domain and surrogate virus-neutralizing antibodies. The SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG+ memory B cell and interferon-gamma-secreting T cell responses were detectable in more than 70% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific immune memory response persists in most patients approximately 1 year after infection, which provides a promising sign for prevention from reinfection and vaccination strategy. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Yao, Lin AU - Yao L AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Guo-Lin AU - Wang GL AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China. FAU - Shen, Yuan AU - Shen Y AD - Wuxi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China. FAU - Wang, Zhuang-Ye AU - Wang ZY AD - Dezhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dezhou, China. FAU - Zhan, Bing-Dong AU - Zhan BD AD - Quzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, China. FAU - Duan, Li-Jun AU - Duan LJ AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China. FAU - Lu, Bing AU - Lu B AD - Wuxi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China. FAU - Shi, Chao AU - Shi C AD - Wuxi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China. FAU - Gao, Yu-Meng AU - Gao YM AD - Wuxi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China. FAU - Peng, Hong-Hong AU - Peng HH AD - Wuxi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China. FAU - Wang, Guo-Qiang AU - Wang GQ AD - Dezhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dezhou, China. FAU - Wang, Dong-Mei AU - Wang DM AD - Dezhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dezhou, China. FAU - Jiang, Ming-Dong AU - Jiang MD AD - Dezhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dezhou, China. FAU - Cao, Guo-Ping AU - Cao GP AD - Quzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, China. FAU - Ma, Mai-Juan AU - Ma MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8105-462X AD - State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China. LA - eng GR - L202038/Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality/ GR - 81773494/Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2019YFC1200502/National Key Research and Development Program of China/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Nucleocapsid Proteins) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM CIN - J Infect Dis. 2021 Sep 17;224(6):1097-1099. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab339. PMID: 34166506 MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/*immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular/*immunology MH - Immunoglobulin G/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory/immunology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Nucleocapsid Proteins/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC8243600 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory B cell OT - memory T cell OT - neutralizing antibody OT - persistence EDAT- 2021/05/13 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/29 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/12 CRDT- 2021/05/12 12:28 PHST- 2021/03/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/12 12:28 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6274562 [pii] AID - jiab255 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiab255 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Dis. 2021 Aug 16;224(4):586-594. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab255. PMID- 33978550 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220714 LR - 20240402 IS - 1563-5244 (Electronic) IS - 0883-0185 (Print) IS - 0883-0185 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 4 DP - 2022 TI - Tapping the immunological imprints to design chimeric SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for elderly population. PG - 448-463 LID - 10.1080/08830185.2021.1925267 [doi] AB - The impact of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 disease susceptibility varies depending on the age and health status of an individual. Currently, there are more than 140 COVID-19 vaccines under development. However, the challenge will be to induce an effective immune response in the elderly population. Analysis of B cell epitopes indicates the minor role of the stalk domain of spike protein in viral neutralization due to low surface accessibility. Nevertheless, the accumulation of mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) might reduce the vaccine efficacy in all age groups. We also propose the concept of chimeric vaccines based on the co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike and influenza hemagglutinin (HA) and matrix protein 1 (M1) proteins to generate chimeric virus-like particles (VLP). This review discusses the possible approaches by which influenza-specific memory repertoire developed during the lifetime of the elderly populations can converge to mount an effective immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with the possibilities of designing single vaccines for COVID-19 and influenza. HighlightsImmunosenescence aggravates COVID-19 symptoms in elderly individuals.Low immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in elderly population.Tapping the memory T and B cell repertoire in elderly can enhance vaccine efficiency.Chimeric vaccines can mount effective immune response against COVID-19 in elderly.Chimeric vaccines co-express SARS-CoV-2 spike and influenza HA and M1 proteins. FAU - Biswas, Asim AU - Biswas A AD - Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Mandal, Rahul Shubhra AU - Mandal RS AD - Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Chakraborty, Suparna AU - Chakraborty S AD - Division of Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India. FAU - Maiti, George AU - Maiti G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6701-5499 LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210512 PL - England TA - Int Rev Immunol JT - International reviews of immunology JID - 8712260 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/genetics MH - Humans MH - *Influenza, Human/prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2/genetics MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus MH - *Viral Vaccines/chemistry/genetics PMC - PMC8127164 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Immunosenescence OT - Influenza OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - hemagglutinin OT - memory cells OT - vaccine OT - virus-like particle COIS- The authors declare no financial interest to disclose. EDAT- 2021/05/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/17 CRDT- 2021/05/12 12:18 PHST- 2021/05/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/12 12:18 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1925267 [pii] AID - 10.1080/08830185.2021.1925267 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Rev Immunol. 2022;41(4):448-463. doi: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1925267. Epub 2021 May 12. PMID- 33976879 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220422 IS - 2050-0068 (Print) IS - 2050-0068 (Electronic) IS - 2050-0068 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 5 DP - 2021 TI - Heterogeneous magnitude of immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 in recovered individuals. PG - e1281 LID - 10.1002/cti2.1281 [doi] LID - e1281 AB - OBJECTIVE: Although the adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 has been characterised in the acute and early convalescent phase of the disease, few studies explore whether natural infection elicits long-lasting immunological memory in recovered individuals. In this work, we aimed to assess the maintenance of immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We evaluated the long-term virus-specific cellular and humoral immune response in the members of an Italian Serie A football team, who experienced a cluster of COVID-19 in March 2020, which was strictly evaluated in the following months. RESULTS: Our results highlight a heterogeneous magnitude of immunological memory at 5 months after infection. Indeed, 20% of the subjects displayed a weak cellular and humoral memory to SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that they may be at higher risk of reinfection. In addition, a history of symptomatic COVID-19 was associated with higher levels of SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4(+) T cells and specific antibody levels than in asymptomatic individuals. CONCLUSION: Collectively, these data demonstrate that immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is maintained five months postinfection even if the magnitude of response is heterogeneous among individuals. This finding suggests that some COVID-19-recovered subjects may benefit from vaccination. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology, Inc. FAU - Mazzoni, Alessio AU - Mazzoni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. FAU - Maggi, Laura AU - Maggi L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. FAU - Capone, Manuela AU - Capone M AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. FAU - Vanni, Anna AU - Vanni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. FAU - Spinicci, Michele AU - Spinicci M AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy. FAU - Salvati, Lorenzo AU - Salvati L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. FAU - Tekle Kiros, Seble AU - Tekle Kiros S AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. FAU - Semeraro, Roberto AU - Semeraro R AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. FAU - Pengue, Luca AU - Pengue L AD - Sports Medicine Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy. FAU - Colao, Maria Grazia AU - Colao MG AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy. FAU - Magi, Alberto AU - Magi A AD - Department of Information Engineering University of Florence Florence Italy. FAU - Rossolini, Gian Maria AU - Rossolini GM AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy. FAU - Liotta, Francesco AU - Liotta F AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. AD - Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy. AD - Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI) Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy. FAU - Cosmi, Lorenzo AU - Cosmi L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. AD - Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy. FAU - Bartoloni, Alessandro AU - Bartoloni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy. FAU - Annunziato, Francesco AU - Annunziato F AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy. AD - Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI) Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210506 PL - Australia TA - Clin Transl Immunology JT - Clinical & translational immunology JID - 101638268 PMC - PMC8101693 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cells OT - immunoglobulins OT - immunological memory EDAT- 2021/05/13 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/13 06:01 PMCR- 2021/05/06 CRDT- 2021/05/12 07:04 PHST- 2021/01/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/12 07:04 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/13 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CTI21281 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cti2.1281 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Transl Immunology. 2021 May 6;10(5):e1281. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1281. eCollection 2021. PMID- 33971332 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210621 LR - 20240214 IS - 1872-9649 (Electronic) IS - 1568-1637 (Print) IS - 1568-1637 (Linking) VI - 69 DP - 2021 Aug TI - Fostering healthy aging: The interdependency of infections, immunity and frailty. PG - 101351 LID - S1568-1637(21)00098-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101351 [doi] AB - Untangling the interdependency of infections, immunity and frailty may help to clarify their roles in the maintenance of health in aging individuals, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted such priority. In this scoping review we aimed to systematically collect the evidence on 1) the impact of common infections such as influenza, pneumonia and varicella zoster on frailty development, and 2) the role played by frailty in the response to immunization of older adults. Findings are discussed under a unifying framework to identify knowledge gaps and outline their clinical and public health implications to foster a healthier aging. Twenty-nine studies (113,863 participants) selected to answer the first question provided a moderately strong evidence of an association between infections and physical as well as cognitive decline - two essential dimensions of frailty. Thirteen studies (34,520 participants) investigating the second aim, showed that frailty was associated with an impaired immune response in older ages, likely due to immunosenescence. However, the paucity of studies, the absence of tools to predict vaccine efficacy, and the lack of studies investigating the efficacy of newer vaccines in presence of frailty, strongly limit the formulation of more personalized immunization strategies for older adults. The current evidence suggests that infections and frailty repeatedly cross each other pathophysiological paths and accelerate the aging process in a vicious circle. Such evidence opens to several considerations. First, the prevention of both conditions pass through a life course approach, which includes several individual and societal aspects. Second, the maintenance of a well-functioning immune system may be accomplished by preventing frailty, and vice versa. Third, increasing the adherence to immunization may delay the onset of frailty and maintain the immune system homeostasis, beyond preventing infections. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Vetrano, Davide L AU - Vetrano DL AD - Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centro Medicina dell'Invecchiamento, Fondazione Policlinico "A- Gemelli" IRCCS and Catholic University of Rome, Italy. Electronic address: davide.vetrano@ki.se. FAU - Triolo, Federico AU - Triolo F AD - Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Maggi, Stefania AU - Maggi S AD - National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padua, Italy. FAU - Malley, Richard AU - Malley R AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Jackson, Thomas A AU - Jackson TA AD - Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Geriatrics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK. FAU - Poscia, Andrea AU - Poscia A AD - Vaccination Office of Marche Region, Italy. FAU - Bernabei, Roberto AU - Bernabei R AD - Centro Medicina dell'Invecchiamento, Fondazione Policlinico "A- Gemelli" IRCCS and Catholic University of Rome, Italy. FAU - Ferrucci, Luigi AU - Ferrucci L AD - Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA. FAU - Fratiglioni, Laura AU - Fratiglioni L AD - Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210507 PL - England TA - Ageing Res Rev JT - Ageing research reviews JID - 101128963 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19 MH - *Frailty/epidemiology MH - *Healthy Aging MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9588151 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Frailty OT - Healthy aging OT - Immunosenescence OT - Vaccination COIS- The authors report no declarations of interest. EDAT- 2021/05/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/22 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/07 CRDT- 2021/05/10 20:15 PHST- 2020/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/10 20:15 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1568-1637(21)00098-2 [pii] AID - 101351 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101351 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ageing Res Rev. 2021 Aug;69:101351. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101351. Epub 2021 May 7. PMID- 33969322 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260929 IS - 2666-3791 (Electronic) IS - 2666-3791 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Jun 15 TI - Longitudinal analysis of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in convalescent individuals up to 8 months post-symptom onset. PG - 100290 LID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100290 [doi] LID - 100290 AB - With the recent approval of highly effective coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, functional and lasting immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently under investigation as antibody levels in plasma were shown to decline during convalescence. Since the absence of antibodies does not equate to absence of immune memory, we evaluate the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells in convalescent individuals. Here, we report a longitudinal assessment of humoral immune responses on 32 donors up to 8 months post-symptom onset. Our observations indicate that anti-Spike and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin M (IgM) in plasma decay rapidly, whereas the reduction of IgG is less prominent. Neutralizing activity also declines rapidly when compared to Fc-effector functions. Concomitantly, the frequencies of RBD-specific IgM+ B cells wane significantly when compared to RBD-specific IgG+ B cells, which remain stable. Our results add to the current understanding of immune memory following SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is critical for secondary infection prevention and vaccine efficacy. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. FAU - Anand, Sai Priya AU - Anand SP AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada. AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Prevost, Jeremie AU - Prevost J AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Nayrac, Manon AU - Nayrac M AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Beaudoin-Bussieres, Guillaume AU - Beaudoin-Bussieres G AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Benlarbi, Mehdi AU - Benlarbi M AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Gasser, Romain AU - Gasser R AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Brassard, Nathalie AU - Brassard N AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Laumaea, Annemarie AU - Laumaea A AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Gong, Shang Yu AU - Gong SY AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada. AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Bourassa, Catherine AU - Bourassa C AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Brunet-Ratnasingham, Elsa AU - Brunet-Ratnasingham E AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Medjahed, Halima AU - Medjahed H AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Gendron-Lepage, Gabrielle AU - Gendron-Lepage G AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Goyette, Guillaume AU - Goyette G AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Gokool, Laurie AU - Gokool L AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Morrisseau, Chantal AU - Morrisseau C AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Begin, Philippe AU - Begin P AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - CHU Ste-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada. FAU - Martel-Laferriere, Valerie AU - Martel-Laferriere V AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Tremblay, Cecile AU - Tremblay C AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Richard, Jonathan AU - Richard J AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. FAU - Bazin, Renee AU - Bazin R AD - Hema-Quebec, Affaires Medicales et Innovation, Quebec, QC G1V 5C3, Canada. FAU - Duerr, Ralf AU - Duerr R AD - Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. FAU - Kaufmann, Daniel E AU - Kaufmann DE AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Medecine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada. FAU - Finzi, Andres AU - Finzi A AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada. AD - Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. AD - Departement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada. LA - eng GR - R01 AI122953/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210505 PL - United States TA - Cell Rep Med JT - Cell reports. Medicine JID - 101766894 UOF - bioRxiv. 2021 Jan 25:2021.01.25.428097. doi: 10.1101/2021.01.25.428097. PMID: 33532774 PMC - PMC8097665 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADCC OT - COVID-19 OT - RBD OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Spike glycoproteins OT - antibodies OT - coronavirus OT - humoral responses OT - memory B cells OT - neutralization COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/05/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/11 06:01 PMCR- 2021/05/05 CRDT- 2021/05/10 06:33 PHST- 2021/01/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/11 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/10 06:33 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-3791(21)00118-X [pii] AID - 100290 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100290 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Rep Med. 2021 Jun 15;2(6):100290. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100290. Epub 2021 May 5. PMID- 33966557 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210930 LR - 20210930 IS - 1745-2422 (Electronic) IS - 1743-4440 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Jun TI - Stroke and neurointervention in the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review. PG - 523-531 LID - 10.1080/17434440.2021.1928495 [doi] AB - Introduction: In this review, we will summarize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neurointerventional care for patients with cerebrovascular disease, with a particular emphasis on epidemiology, neurointerventional processes, and lessons learned from paradigm shifts in endovascular care.Areas covered: Peer-reviewed research is summarized regarding the complications of COVID-19 as related to the pandemic's impact on hospital admissions, imaging capabilities, treatment times, and outcomes of neurointerventional cases.Expert opinion: In the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a global decline in neuroimaging, use of intravenous thrombolysis, thrombectomy, and coil embolization for ruptured intracranial aneurysms. An early recommendation to utilize general anesthesia and intubate all patients undergoing intervention to avoid an emergent aerosolizing procedure was found to have worse outcomes. The decline in new stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage diagnoses may be related to patient and/or family fear of seeking acute medical care. A true shift in stroke epidemiology is also possible. As several vaccines become more readily available and the world rebounds from this pandemic, we hope to transform the neurointerventional experiences discussed in this paper into strategies that may improve care delivery of neurologically ill patients during a global crisis. FAU - Rana, Ameena AU - Rana A AD - Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden United States. FAU - Nguyen, Thanh N AU - Nguyen TN AD - Department of Neurology, Radiology, and Neurosurgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, United States. FAU - Siegler, James E AU - Siegler JE AD - Cooper Neurological Institute, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210517 PL - England TA - Expert Rev Med Devices JT - Expert review of medical devices JID - 101230445 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Delivery of Health Care/*statistics & numerical data/trends MH - Humans MH - Pandemics MH - Stroke/*diagnosis/epidemiology/*therapy MH - Thrombectomy OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - healthcare systems OT - neurointervention OT - neurology OT - stroke OT - subarachnoid hemorrhage OT - thrombectomy OT - thrombolysis EDAT- 2021/05/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/01 06:00 CRDT- 2021/05/10 05:33 PHST- 2021/05/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/10 05:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/17434440.2021.1928495 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Expert Rev Med Devices. 2021 Jun;18(6):523-531. doi: 10.1080/17434440.2021.1928495. Epub 2021 May 17. PMID- 33939647 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210628 LR - 20260127 IS - 1558-8238 (Electronic) IS - 0021-9738 (Print) IS - 0021-9738 (Linking) VI - 131 IP - 12 DP - 2021 Jun 15 TI - First-dose mRNA vaccination is sufficient to reactivate immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 in subjects who have recovered from COVID-19. LID - 149150 [pii] LID - 10.1172/JCI149150 [doi] LID - e149150 AB - The characterization of the adaptive immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in individuals who recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection may define current and future clinical practice. To determine the effect of the 2-dose BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination schedule in individuals who recovered from COVID-19 (COVID-19-recovered subjects) compared with naive subjects, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific T and B cell responses, as well as specific IgA, IgG, IgM, and neutralizing antibodies titers in 22 individuals who received the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, 11 of whom had a previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Evaluations were performed before vaccination and then weekly until 7 days after second injection. Data obtained clearly showed that one vaccine dose is sufficient to increase both cellular and humoral immune response in COVID-19-recovered subjects without any additional improvement after the second dose. On the contrary, the second dose proved mandatory in naive subjects to further enhance the immune response. These findings were further confirmed at the serological level in a larger cohort of naive (n = 68) and COVID-19-recovered (n = 29) subjects, tested up to 50 days after vaccination. These results question whether a second vaccine injection in COVID-19-recovered subjects is required, and indicate that millions of vaccine doses may be redirected to naive individuals, thus shortening the time to reach herd immunity. FAU - Mazzoni, Alessio AU - Mazzoni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Di Lauria, Nicoletta AU - Di Lauria N AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit. FAU - Maggi, Laura AU - Maggi L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Salvati, Lorenzo AU - Salvati L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Vanni, Anna AU - Vanni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Capone, Manuela AU - Capone M AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Lamacchia, Giulia AU - Lamacchia G AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Mantengoli, Elisabetta AU - Mantengoli E AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit. FAU - Spinicci, Michele AU - Spinicci M AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit. FAU - Zammarchi, Lorenzo AU - Zammarchi L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit. FAU - Kiros, Seble Tekle AU - Kiros ST AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit. FAU - Rocca, Arianna AU - Rocca A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Lagi, Filippo AU - Lagi F AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Colao, Maria Grazia AU - Colao MG AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit. FAU - Parronchi, Paola AU - Parronchi P AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit. FAU - Scaletti, Cristina AU - Scaletti C AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Turco, Lucia AU - Turco L AD - Health Director, and. FAU - Liotta, Francesco AU - Liotta F AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit. FAU - Rossolini, Gian Maria AU - Rossolini GM AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit. FAU - Cosmi, Lorenzo AU - Cosmi L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit. FAU - Bartoloni, Alessandro AU - Bartoloni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit. FAU - Annunziato, Francesco AU - Annunziato F AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. CN - COVID-19 Research Group LA - eng PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Clin Invest JT - The Journal of clinical investigation JID - 7802877 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM CIN - Mounting evidence for immunizing previously infected subjects with a single dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - *Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - *COVID-19/blood/immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral/*drug effects MH - Immunologic Memory/*drug effects MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *SARS-CoV-2/immunology/metabolism PMC - PMC8203460 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adaptive immunity OT - COVID-19 OT - Immunoglobulins OT - Immunology OT - T cells COIS- Conflict of interest: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists. EDAT- 2021/05/04 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/29 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/15 CRDT- 2021/05/03 17:30 PHST- 2021/03/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/03 17:30 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 149150 [pii] AID - 10.1172/JCI149150 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Invest. 2021 Jun 15;131(12):e149150. doi: 10.1172/JCI149150. PMID- 33938413 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220517 LR - 20220719 IS - 1559-6834 (Electronic) IS - 0899-823X (Print) IS - 0899-823X (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May TI - Factors associated with behavioral intention of free and self-paid severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination based on the social cognitive theory among nurses and doctors in China. PG - 609-615 LID - 10.1017/ice.2021.201 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between factors based on the social cognitive theory (SCT) and behavioral intention among doctors and nurses in China toward free and self-paid (600 RMB or US$91) severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination given 80% effectiveness and rare mild side effects. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Public hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 362 doctors and 1,702 nurses in major departments of 5 hospitals of 3 Chinese provinces. METHODS: An anonymous online survey was conducted from October to November 2020, facilitated by hospital administrators through online WeChat/QQ working groups. Data on outcome expectations, self-efficacy, norms, and COVID-19-related work experiences were collected. Multivariate logistic regression models were used for data analyses. RESULTS: The logistic regression analysis showed that physical (eg, protective effect of vaccination) and self-evaluative outcome expectations (eg, anticipated regret), self-efficacy, norms (eg, descriptive norm, subjective norm, professional norm, and moral norm), and job satisfaction were significantly and positively associated with the free and self-paid SARS-CoV-2 vaccination intention outcomes among doctors and nurses, adjusted for background variables. Doctors who had engaged in COVID-19-related work reported higher self-paid vaccination intention. CONCLUSIONS: Health promotion is needed to improve the uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among healthcare workers. Such interventions may consider modifying the identified factors of vaccination intention, including strengthening perceived efficacy, positive feelings about vaccination, the need to avoid future regret, self-efficacy, and social norms. Future studies should examine the actual behavior patterns of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and the efficacy of promotion intervention should be tested in randomized controlled studies. FAU - She, Rui AU - She R AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Chen, Xi AU - Chen X AD - Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China. FAU - Li, Liping AU - Li L AD - Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. FAU - Li, Lijuan AU - Li L AD - School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China. FAU - Huang, Zepeng AU - Huang Z AD - The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China. FAU - Lau, Joseph T F AU - Lau JTF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2344-7107 AD - Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210503 PL - United States TA - Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol JT - Infection control and hospital epidemiology JID - 8804099 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - China MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Intention MH - Psychological Theory MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination/psychology PMC - PMC8712960 EDAT- 2021/05/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/18 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/03 CRDT- 2021/05/03 09:14 PHST- 2021/05/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/03 09:14 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0899823X21002014 [pii] AID - 10.1017/ice.2021.201 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022 May;43(5):609-615. doi: 10.1017/ice.2021.201. Epub 2021 May 3. PMID- 33898209 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210525 IS - 2211-3797 (Electronic) IS - 2211-3797 (Linking) VI - 24 DP - 2021 May TI - Forecasting COVID-19 cases: A comparative analysis between recurrent and convolutional neural networks. PG - 104137 LID - 10.1016/j.rinp.2021.104137 [doi] AB - Though many countries have already launched COVID-19 mass vaccination programs to control the disease outbreak quickly, numerous countries around worldwide are grappling with unprecedented surges of new COVID-19 cases due to a more contagious and deadly variant of coronavirus. As the number of new cases is skyrocketing, pandemic fatigue and public apathy towards different intervention strategies pose new challenges to government officials to combat the pandemic. Henceforth, it is indispensable for the government officials to understand the future dynamics of COVID-19 flawlessly to develop strategic preparedness and resilient response planning. In light of the above circumstances, probable future outbreak scenarios in Brazil, Russia, and the United kingdom have been sketched in this study with the help of four deep learning models: long short term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), convolutional neural network (CNN) and multivariate convolutional neural network (MCNN). In our analysis, the CNN algorithm has outperformed other deep learning models in terms of validation accuracy and forecasting consistency. It is unearthed in our study that CNN can provide robust long-term forecasting results in time-series analysis due to its capability of essential features learning, distortion invariance, and temporal dependence learning. However, the prediction accuracy of the LSTM algorithm has been found to be poor as it tries to discover seasonality and periodic intervals from any time-series dataset, which were absent in our studied countries. Our study has highlighted the promising validation of using convolutional neural networks instead of recurrent neural networks when forecasting with very few features and less amount of historical data. CI - (c) 2021 The Author(s). FAU - Nabi, Khondoker Nazmoon AU - Nabi KN AD - Department of Mathematics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Tahmid, Md Toki AU - Tahmid MT AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Rafi, Abdur AU - Rafi A AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Kader, Muhammad Ehsanul AU - Kader ME AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh. FAU - Haider, Md Asif AU - Haider MA AD - Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210419 PL - Netherlands TA - Results Phys JT - Results in physics JID - 101731363 UOF - medRxiv. 2021 Feb 20:2020.11.28.20240259. doi: 10.1101/2020.11.28.20240259. PMID: 34013282 PMC - PMC8054028 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Convolutional neural network (CNN) OT - Deep learning OT - Long short term memory (LSTM) OT - Time series analysis COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/04/27 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/27 06:01 PMCR- 2021/04/19 CRDT- 2021/04/26 05:55 PHST- 2021/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/26 05:55 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/04/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-3797(21)00290-4 [pii] AID - 104137 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.rinp.2021.104137 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Results Phys. 2021 May;24:104137. doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2021.104137. Epub 2021 Apr 19. PMID- 33870878 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210816 LR - 20210816 IS - 1743-1328 (Electronic) IS - 0161-6412 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 8 DP - 2021 Aug TI - Myelopathy associated with SARS-COV-2 infection. A systematic review. PG - 633-641 LID - 10.1080/01616412.2021.1915078 [doi] AB - Background׃COVID-19 (CoranaVirus disease 2019) is an ongoing infectious disease caused by the RNA SARS-CoV-2 virus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2). More than one-third of COVID-19 patients report neurological symptoms and cases of neurological diseases are increasingly accumulating. The aim of this systematic review was to characterize all - to date - reported cases with COVID-19 related myelopathy. Methods׃Eighteen papers were included in this review. Patients of all ages could be affected, although there is a predilection for middle-aged people. Results׃There were no significant co-morbidities or immunodeficiencies in the affected patients. COVID-19 related myelopathy started roughly within the first month after COVID-19 onset, either concomitantly with COVID-19 symptoms or within 10 days after their remission. The vast majority of cases fulfilled our criteria for postinfectious transverse myelitis. However, some cases were considered to have had parainfectious or infectious myelitis or, in one case, vascular myelopathy. Motor, sensory and bowel and/or bladder symptoms predominated the clinical presentation of myelopathies, explained mainly by centrally localized and longitudinally extensive lesions within the cervical and/or thoracic segments of the spinal cord. Occasionally lesions were complicated by necrosis and hemorrhages. Treatment with corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange was offered mostly a mild to marked improvement within a period of some weeks. Conclusions׃ Considering the imminent arrival of new vaccines against COVID-19 pandemic, and their potential risk for postvaccination transverse myelitis, this characterization of COVID-19 related myelopathy is of utmost importance. FAU - Artemiadis, Artemios AU - Artemiadis A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9435-9644 AD - Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Liampas, Andreas AU - Liampas A AD - Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. FAU - Hadjigeorgiou, Loizos AU - Hadjigeorgiou L AD - Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Agios Nikolaos, Agios Nikolaos, Greece. FAU - Zis, Panagiotis AU - Zis P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8567-3092 AD - Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20210417 PL - England TA - Neurol Res JT - Neurological research JID - 7905298 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - COVID-19/*complications MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spinal Cord Diseases/*virology MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - myelitis OT - myelopathy OT - parainfectious OT - postinfectious EDAT- 2021/04/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/17 06:00 CRDT- 2021/04/19 08:48 PHST- 2021/04/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/04/19 08:48 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/01616412.2021.1915078 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Res. 2021 Aug;43(8):633-641. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2021.1915078. Epub 2021 Apr 17. PMID- 33858945 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210426 LR - 20260127 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 58 DP - 2021 Apr 15 TI - Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naive and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination. LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abi6950 [doi] LID - eabi6950 AB - Novel mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have been authorized for emergency use. Despite their efficacy in clinical trials, data on mRNA vaccine-induced immune responses are mostly limited to serological analyses. Here, we interrogated antibody and antigen-specific memory B cells over time in 33 SARS-CoV-2 naive and 11 SARS-CoV-2 recovered subjects. SARS-CoV-2 naive individuals required both vaccine doses for optimal increases in antibodies, particularly for neutralizing titers against the B.1.351 variant. Memory B cells specific for full-length spike protein and the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) were also efficiently primed by mRNA vaccination and detectable in all SARS-CoV-2 naive subjects after the second vaccine dose, though the memory B cell response declined slightly with age. In SARS-CoV-2 recovered individuals, antibody and memory B cell responses were significantly boosted after the first vaccine dose; however, there was no increase in circulating antibodies, neutralizing titers, or antigen-specific memory B cells after the second dose. This robust boosting after the first vaccine dose strongly correlated with levels of pre-existing memory B cells in recovered individuals, identifying a key role for memory B cells in mounting recall responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Together, our data demonstrated robust serological and cellular priming by mRNA vaccines and revealed distinct responses based on prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure, whereby COVID-19 recovered subjects may only require a single vaccine dose to achieve peak antibody and memory B cell responses. These findings also highlight the utility of defining cellular responses in addition to serologies and may inform SARS-CoV-2 vaccine distribution in a resource-limited setting. CI - Copyright (c) 2021, American Association for the Advancement of Science. FAU - Goel, Rishi R AU - Goel RR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1715-5191 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Apostolidis, Sokratis A AU - Apostolidis SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0224-0097 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Painter, Mark M AU - Painter MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0180-2748 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Mathew, Divij AU - Mathew D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8323-7358 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Pattekar, Ajinkya AU - Pattekar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1416-1230 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Kuthuru, Oliva AU - Kuthuru O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9435-9764 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Gouma, Sigrid AU - Gouma S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7853-8340 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Hicks, Philip AU - Hicks P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1574-5692 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Meng, Wenzhao AU - Meng W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8040-7825 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Rosenfeld, Aaron M AU - Rosenfeld AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2266-0355 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Dysinger, Sarah AU - Dysinger S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0687-0018 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Lundgreen, Kendall A AU - Lundgreen KA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2431-7152 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia AU - Kuri-Cervantes L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2432-9500 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Adamski, Sharon AU - Adamski S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5933-5292 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Hicks, Amanda AU - Hicks A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3496-1745 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Korte, Scott AU - Korte S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0214-3374 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Oldridge, Derek A AU - Oldridge DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2177-5633 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Baxter, Amy E AU - Baxter AE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1555-0713 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Giles, Josephine R AU - Giles JR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3713-338X AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Weirick, Madison E AU - Weirick ME AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2112-8102 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - McAllister, Christopher M AU - McAllister CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0011-4089 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Dougherty, Jeanette AU - Dougherty J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9400-6240 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Long, Sherea AU - Long S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8508-8333 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - D'Andrea, Kurt AU - D'Andrea K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7005-3800 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Hamilton, Jacob T AU - Hamilton JT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1277-6925 AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Betts, Michael R AU - Betts MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7690-1484 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Luning Prak, Eline T AU - Luning Prak ET AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9478-9211 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Bates, Paul AU - Bates P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3918-5976 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Hensley, Scott E AU - Hensley SE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2928-7506 AD - Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Greenplate, Allison R AU - Greenplate AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2614-3072 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. FAU - Wherry, E John AU - Wherry EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0477-1956 AD - Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. AD - Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. AD - Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 AI152236/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - AI082630/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - AI149680/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 CA009140/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - AI152236/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI082630/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R38 HL143613/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 AI108545/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI105343/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AR076951-01/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI055400/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - AI105343/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - AI108545/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - HL143613/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AR076951/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI070077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - AI155577/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI155577/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI149680/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AI0450080/NH/NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 0 (mRNA Vaccines) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2021 Mar 06:2021.03.03.21252872. doi: 10.1101/2021.03.03.21252872. PMID: 33688691 MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood/*immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - RNA, Messenger MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - *Vaccines, Synthetic MH - Young Adult MH - mRNA Vaccines PMC - PMC8158969 EDAT- 2021/04/17 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/27 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/27 CRDT- 2021/04/16 05:54 PHST- 2021/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/16 05:54 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6/58/eabi6950 [pii] AID - abi6950 [pii] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abi6950 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2021 Apr 15;6(58):eabi6950. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abi6950. PMID- 33857630 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210611 LR - 20240908 IS - 1090-2139 (Electronic) IS - 0889-1591 (Print) IS - 0889-1591 (Linking) VI - 95 DP - 2021 Jul TI - Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and thrombocytopenia after COVID-19 vaccination - A report of two UK cases. PG - 514-517 LID - S0889-1591(21)00163-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.04.006 [doi] AB - Recent reports have highlighted rare, and sometimes fatal, cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and thrombocytopenia following the Vaxzevria vaccine. An underlying immunological mechanism similar to that of spontaneous heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is suspected, with the identification of antibodies to platelet factor-4 (PF4), but without previous heparin exposure. This unusual mechanism has significant implications for the management approach used, which differs from usual treatment of CVST. We describe the cases of two young males, who developed severe thrombocytopenia and fatal CVST following the first dose of Vaxzevria. Both presented with a headache, with subsequent rapid neurological deterioration. One patient underwent PF4 antibody testing, which was positive. A rapid vaccination programme is essential in helping to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, it is vital that such COVID-19 vaccine-associated events, which at this stage appear to be very rare, are viewed through this lens. However, some cases have proved fatal. It is critical that clinicians are alerted to the emergence of such events to facilitate appropriate management. Patients presenting with CVST features and thrombocytopenia post-vaccination should undergo PF4 antibody testing and be managed in a similar fashion to HIT, in particular avoiding heparin and platelet transfusions. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Mehta, Puja R AU - Mehta PR AD - Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK. Electronic address: puja.mehta@kcl.ac.uk. FAU - Apap Mangion, Sean AU - Apap Mangion S AD - Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Benger, Matthew AU - Benger M AD - Department of Neuroradiology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Stanton, Biba R AU - Stanton BR AD - Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Czuprynska, Julia AU - Czuprynska J AD - King's Thrombosis Centre, Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Arya, Roopen AU - Arya R AD - King's Thrombosis Centre, Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Sztriha, Laszlo K AU - Sztriha LK AD - Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Electronic address: laszlo.sztriha@kcl.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210420 PL - Netherlands TA - Brain Behav Immun JT - Brain, behavior, and immunity JID - 8800478 RN - 0 (Anticoagulants) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Anticoagulants MH - *COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial MH - *Thrombocytopenia/chemically induced MH - United Kingdom MH - Vaccination/adverse effects PMC - PMC8056834 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis OT - Cerebrovascular disease OT - Immunology OT - Neurology OT - Stroke OT - Thrombocytopenia OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/04/16 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/12 06:00 PMCR- 2021/04/20 CRDT- 2021/04/15 20:14 PHST- 2021/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/04/15 20:14 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0889-1591(21)00163-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.04.006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Jul;95:514-517. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.04.006. Epub 2021 Apr 20. PMID- 33846272 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210521 LR - 20210527 IS - 1095-9203 (Electronic) IS - 0036-8075 (Print) IS - 0036-8075 (Linking) VI - 372 IP - 6543 DP - 2021 May 14 TI - Shared B cell memory to coronaviruses and other pathogens varies in human age groups and tissues. PG - 738-741 LID - 10.1126/science.abf6648 [doi] AB - Vaccination and infection promote the formation, tissue distribution, and clonal evolution of B cells, which encode humoral immune memory. We evaluated pediatric and adult blood and deceased adult organ donor tissues to determine convergent antigen-specific antibody genes of similar sequences shared between individuals. B cell memory varied for different pathogens. Polysaccharide antigen-specific clones were not exclusive to the spleen. Adults had higher clone frequencies and greater class switching in lymphoid tissues than blood, while pediatric blood had abundant class-switched convergent clones. Consistent with reported serology, prepandemic children had class-switched convergent clones to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with weak cross-reactivity to other coronaviruses, while adult blood or tissues showed few such clones. These results highlight the prominence of early childhood B cell clonal expansions and cross-reactivity for future responses to novel pathogens. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. FAU - Yang, Fan AU - Yang F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4821-6583 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. sboyd1@stanford.edu fyang90@stanford.edu. FAU - Nielsen, Sandra C A AU - Nielsen SCA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4746-8287 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Hoh, Ramona A AU - Hoh RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5116-1942 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Roltgen, Katharina AU - Roltgen K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1582-1720 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Wirz, Oliver Fabian AU - Wirz OF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0377-6464 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Haraguchi, Emily AU - Haraguchi E AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Jean, Grace H AU - Jean GH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7991-7043 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Lee, Ji-Yeun AU - Lee JY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0463-6802 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Pham, Tho D AU - Pham TD AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. AD - Stanford Blood Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Jackson, Katherine J L AU - Jackson KJL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9952-7069 AD - Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia. FAU - Roskin, Krishna M AU - Roskin KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5864-5093 AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA. AD - Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. AD - Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. FAU - Liu, Yi AU - Liu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2745-6940 AD - Calico Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. FAU - Nguyen, Khoa AU - Nguyen K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3149-3621 AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Ohgami, Robert S AU - Ohgami RS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1881-3440 AD - Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. FAU - Osborne, Eleanor M AU - Osborne EM AD - Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Tennessee Oncology, Smyrna, TN 37167, USA. FAU - Nadeau, Kari C AU - Nadeau KC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2146-2955 AD - Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. AD - Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Niemann, Claus U AU - Niemann CU AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3701-6084 AD - Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. AD - Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. FAU - Parsonnet, Julie AU - Parsonnet J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7342-5366 AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. AD - Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. FAU - Boyd, Scott D AU - Boyd SD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0963-044X AD - Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. sboyd1@stanford.edu fyang90@stanford.edu. AD - Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 HD063142/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 CA260517/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI057229/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI090019/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI127877/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI130398/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210412 PL - United States TA - Science JT - Science (New York, N.Y.) JID - 0404511 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin D) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Aging MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Coronavirus/*immunology MH - Cross Reactions MH - Ebolavirus/immunology MH - Female MH - Fetal Blood/immunology MH - Genes, Immunoglobulin MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin Class Switching MH - Immunoglobulin D/genetics/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/immunology MH - Immunoglobulin M/genetics/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Infant MH - Lymph Nodes/immunology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin MH - Spleen/immunology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8139427 EDAT- 2021/04/14 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/22 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/21 CRDT- 2021/04/13 05:50 PHST- 2020/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/04/13 05:50 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - science.abf6648 [pii] AID - abf6648 [pii] AID - 10.1126/science.abf6648 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Science. 2021 May 14;372(6543):738-741. doi: 10.1126/science.abf6648. Epub 2021 Apr 12. PMID- 33808934 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231101 IS - 2079-4991 (Print) IS - 2079-4991 (Electronic) IS - 2079-4991 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2021 Mar 19 TI - COVID-19 Pandemic: What about the Safety of Anti-Coronavirus Nanoparticles? LID - 10.3390/nano11030796 [doi] LID - 796 AB - Every day, new information is presented with respect to how to best combat the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This manuscript sheds light on such recent findings, including new co-factors (i.e., neuropilin-1) and routes (i.e., olfactory transmucosal) allowing cell entry of SARS-CoV-2 and induction of neurological symptoms, as well as the new SARS-CoV-2 variants. We highlight the SARS-CoV-2 human-animal interfaces and elaborate containment strategies using the same vaccination (i.e., nanoparticle "NP" formulations of the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines) for humans, minks, raccoon dogs, cats, and zoo animals. We investigate the toxicity issues of anti-CoV NPs (i.e., plasmonic NPs and quantum dots) on different levels. Namely, nano-bio interfaces (i.e., protein corona), in vitro (i.e., lung cells) and in vivo (i.e., zebrafish embryos) assessments, and impacts on humans are discussed in a narrative supported by original figures. Ultimately, we express our skeptical opinion on the comprehensive administration of such antiviral nanotheranostics, even when integrated into facemasks, because of their reported toxicities and the different NP parameters (e.g., size, shape, surface charge, and purity and chemical composition of NPs) that govern their end toxicity. We believe that more toxicity studies should be performed and be presented, clarifying the odds of the safe administration of nanotoxocological solutions and the relief of a worried public. FAU - Mosselhy, Dina A AU - Mosselhy DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8616-4166 AD - Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Nanochemistry and Nanoengineering, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland. AD - Microbiological Unit, Fish Diseases Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt. FAU - Virtanen, Jenni AU - Virtanen J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6518-3088 AD - Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Kant, Ravi AU - Kant R AD - Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. FAU - He, Wei AU - He W AD - School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, China. AD - Suzhou Xiangcheng Medical Materials Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215123, China. FAU - Elbahri, Mady AU - Elbahri M AD - Nanochemistry and Nanoengineering, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland. AD - Nanochemistry and Nanoengineering, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany. AD - Center for Nanotechnology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, Giza 12588, Egypt. FAU - Sironen, Tarja AU - Sironen T AD - Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210319 PL - Switzerland TA - Nanomaterials (Basel) JT - Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101610216 PMC - PMC8003598 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - human-animal interfaces OT - lung cell lines OT - nanoparticles OT - nanotoxicology OT - skeptical opinion OT - zebrafish COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/04/04 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/04 06:01 PMCR- 2021/03/19 CRDT- 2021/04/03 01:31 PHST- 2021/02/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/03 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/04 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nano11030796 [pii] AID - nanomaterials-11-00796 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nano11030796 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Mar 19;11(3):796. doi: 10.3390/nano11030796. PMID- 33788271 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210614 LR - 20210703 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Print) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 51 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Jun TI - Antigen-dependent multistep differentiation of T follicular helper cells and its role in SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. PG - 1325-1333 LID - 10.1002/eji.202049148 [doi] AB - T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play an essential role in regulating the GC reaction and, consequently, the generation of high-affinity antibodies and memory B cells. Therefore, Tfh cells are critical for potent humoral immune responses against various pathogens and their dysregulation has been linked to autoimmunity and cancer. Tfh cell differentiation is a multistep process, in which cognate interactions with different APC types, costimulatory and coinhibitory pathways, as well as cytokines are involved. However, it is still not fully understood how a subset of activated CD4(+) T cells begins to express the Tfh cell-defining chemokine receptor CXCR5 during the early stage of the immune response, how some CXCR5(+) pre-Tfh cells enter the B-cell follicles and mature further into GC Tfh cells, and how Tfh cells are maintained in the memory compartment. In this review, we discuss recent advances on how antigen and cognate interactions are important for Tfh cell differentiation and long-term persistence of Tfh cell memory, and how this is relevant to the current understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis and the development of potent SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. European Journal of Immunology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Baumjohann, Dirk AU - Baumjohann D AD - Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Fazilleau, Nicolas AU - Fazilleau N AD - Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, Inserm, Toulouse, U1291, France. AD - French Germinal Center Club, French Society for Immunology (SFI), Paris, France. LA - eng GR - 5132/1-2 (252623821)/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)/ GR - #1901175/the Inspire Program from the Region Occitanie/Pyrenees-Mediterranee/ GR - MP0022856/European Regional Development Fund/ GR - ANR-16-CE15-0019-02/Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ GR - ANR-16-CE15-0002-02/Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ GR - EXC2151 (390873048)/Germany's Excellence Strategy/ GR - 01KI20343/Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)/ GR - INCA-12642/Institut National du Cancer/ GR - BA 5132/1-2/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ GR - 252623821/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ GR - 390873048/Germany's Excellence Strategy EXC2151/ GR - 1901175/The Inspire Program from the Region Occitanie/Pyrenees-Mediterranee/ GR - MP0022856/the European Regional Development Fund/ GR - COVIMMUNE (01KI20343)/Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20210409 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antigens, Viral/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/pathology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology/therapeutic use MH - Cell Differentiation/*immunology MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology/pathology PMC - PMC8250352 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibody formation OT - T cells OT - antigen OT - differentiation OT - memory COIS- The authors declare no commercial or financial conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/04/01 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/16 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/02 CRDT- 2021/03/31 13:33 PHST- 2021/02/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/12/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/31 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EJI5030 [pii] AID - 10.1002/eji.202049148 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2021 Jun;51(6):1325-1333. doi: 10.1002/eji.202049148. Epub 2021 Apr 9. PMID- 33777028 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210409 LR - 20210929 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - Immune Memory in Mild COVID-19 Patients and Unexposed Donors Reveals Persistent T Cell Responses After SARS-CoV-2 Infection. PG - 636768 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636768 [doi] LID - 636768 AB - Understanding the causes of the diverse outcome of COVID-19 pandemic in different geographical locations is important for the worldwide vaccine implementation and pandemic control responses. We analyzed 42 unexposed healthy donors and 28 mild COVID-19 subjects up to 5 months from the recovery for SARS-CoV-2 specific immunological memory. Using HLA class II predicted peptide megapools, we identified SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4(+) T cells in around 66% of the unexposed individuals. Moreover, we found detectable immune memory in mild COVID-19 patients several months after recovery in the crucial arms of protective adaptive immunity; CD4(+) T cells and B cells, with a minimal contribution from CD8(+) T cells. Interestingly, the persistent immune memory in COVID-19 patients is predominantly targeted towards the Spike glycoprotein of the SARS-CoV-2. This study provides the evidence of both high magnitude pre-existing and persistent immune memory in Indian population. By providing the knowledge on cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, our work has implication for the development and implementation of vaccines against COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Ansari, Arya, Sachan, Jha, Kalia, Lall, Sette, Grifoni, Weiskopf, Coshic, Sharma and Gupta. FAU - Ansari, Asgar AU - Ansari A AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Arya, Rakesh AU - Arya R AD - Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Sachan, Shilpa AU - Sachan S AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Jha, Someshwar Nath AU - Jha SN AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kalia, Anurag AU - Kalia A AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Lall, Anupam AU - Lall A AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States. FAU - Coshic, Poonam AU - Coshic P AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Sharma, Ashok AU - Sharma A AD - Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Gupta, Nimesh AU - Gupta N AD - Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. LA - eng GR - U01 AI141995/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210311 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2021 Feb 26:2020.11.16.20232967. doi: 10.1101/2020.11.16.20232967. PMID: 33655267 MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology/virology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/virology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/virology MH - COVID-19/blood/diagnosis/*immunology/virology MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology MH - Time Factors MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7991090 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - CD4+ T cells OT - human coronavirus OT - neutralizing antibody OT - pre-existing immunity COIS- AlS is listed as inventor on patent application no. 63/012,902, submitted by La Jolla Institute for Immunology, that covers the use of the megapools and peptides thereof for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. AlS is a consultant for Gritstone, Flow Pharma, Merck, Epitogenesis, Gilead and Avalia. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/03/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/10 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/11 CRDT- 2021/03/29 06:24 PHST- 2020/12/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/29 06:24 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636768 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2021 Mar 11;12:636768. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636768. eCollection 2021. PMID- 33768521 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210615 LR - 20260127 IS - 1532-5415 (Electronic) IS - 0002-8614 (Print) IS - 0002-8614 (Linking) VI - 69 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Jun TI - Immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 vaccine in frail or disabled nursing home residents: COVID-A study. PG - 1441-1447 LID - 10.1111/jgs.17153 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The safety and immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in older adults with different frailty and disability profiles have not been well determined. Our objective was to analyze immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in older adults across frailty and disability profiles. DESIGN: Multicenter longitudinal cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 134 residents aged >/=65 years with different frailty and disability profiles in five long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in Albacete, Spain. INTERVENTION AND MEASUREMENTS: Residents were administered two vaccine doses as per the label, and antibody levels were determined 21.9 days (SD 9.3) after both the first and second dose. Functional variables were assessed using activities of daily living (Barthel Index), and frailty status was determined with the FRAIL instrument. Cognitive status and comorbidity were also evaluated. RESULTS: Mean age was 82.9 years (range 65-99), and 71.6% were female. The mean antibody titers in residents with and without previous COVID-19 infection were 49,878 AU/ml and 15,274 AU/ml, respectively (mean difference 34,604; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 27,699-41,509). No severe adverse reactions were observed, after either vaccine dose. Those with prevaccination COVID-19 had an increased antibody level after the vaccine (B = 31,337; 95% CI: 22,725-39,950; p < 0.001). Frailty, disability, older age, sex, cognitive impairment, or comorbidities were not associated with different antibody titers. CONCLUSIONS: The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in older adults is safe and produces immunogenicity, independently of the frailty and disability profiles. Older adults in LTCFs should receive a COVID-19 vaccine. CI - (c) 2021 The American Geriatrics Society. FAU - Salmeron Rios, Sergio AU - Salmeron Rios S AD - Residencia de Mayores San Vicente de Paul, Diputacion de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Mas Romero, Marta AU - Mas Romero M AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Cortes Zamora, Elisa Belen AU - Cortes Zamora EB AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Tabernero Sahuquillo, Maria Teresa AU - Tabernero Sahuquillo MT AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Romero Rizos, Luis AU - Romero Rizos L AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Jurado, Pedro Manuel AU - Sanchez-Jurado PM AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Sanchez-Nievas, Gines AU - Sanchez-Nievas G AD - Department of Rheumatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Senalada, Jose Joaquin Blas AU - Senalada JJB AD - Department of Microbiology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Garcia Nogueras, Inmaculada AU - Garcia Nogueras I AD - Residencia de Mayores San Vicente de Paul, Diputacion de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Estrella Cazalla, Juan de Dios AU - Estrella Cazalla JD AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain. AD - Diputacion de Albacete, Vasco Nunez de Balboa Facility, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Andres-Pretel, Fernando AU - Andres-Pretel F AD - Department of Statistics, Foundation of the National Paraplegics Hospital of Toledo, Toledo, Spain. FAU - Murillo Romero, Antonio AU - Murillo Romero A AD - Long-Term Care Facilities Coordination, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. FAU - Lauschke, Volker Martin AU - Lauschke VM AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Stebbing, Justin AU - Stebbing J AD - Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, ICTEM building, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Abizanda, Pedro AU - Abizanda P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4707-2963 AD - Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. AD - CIBERFES, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain. AD - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain. LA - eng GR - CB16/10/00408/Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable/ GR - COV20/00004/Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210402 PL - United States TA - J Am Geriatr Soc JT - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society JID - 7503062 RN - 0 (BNT162 Vaccine) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Activities of Daily Living MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Antibody Formation MH - BNT162 Vaccine MH - COVID-19/*prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Serological Testing MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology/*therapeutic use MH - Comorbidity MH - *Persons with Disabilities MH - Female MH - *Frail Elderly MH - Health Status Indicators MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Nursing Homes MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spain PMC - PMC8250586 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BNT162b2 vaccine OT - COVID-19 OT - disability OT - frailty OT - immunogenicity OT - older adults COIS- All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest, except. V.M.L. declares no conflict of interest according to the ICMJE Uniform Requirements but discloses the following financial relationship: CEO and shareholder of HepaPredict AB; co-founder and chairman of the board PersoMedix AB; consultancy work for Enginzyme AB. JS declares his conflict at https://www.nature.com/onc/editors, and none are relevant here. EDAT- 2021/03/27 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/16 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/02 CRDT- 2021/03/26 07:15 PHST- 2021/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/26 07:15 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JGS17153 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jgs.17153 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Jun;69(6):1441-1447. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17153. Epub 2021 Apr 2. PMID- 33761326 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210513 LR - 20240923 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 184 IP - 9 DP - 2021 Apr 29 TI - N-terminal domain antigenic mapping reveals a site of vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2. PG - 2332-2347.e16 LID - S0092-8674(21)00356-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.028 [doi] AB - The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein contains an immunodominant receptor-binding domain (RBD) targeted by most neutralizing antibodies (Abs) in COVID-19 patient plasma. Little is known about neutralizing Abs binding to epitopes outside the RBD and their contribution to protection. Here, we describe 41 human monoclonal Abs (mAbs) derived from memory B cells, which recognize the SARS-CoV-2 S N-terminal domain (NTD) and show that a subset of them neutralize SARS-CoV-2 ultrapotently. We define an antigenic map of the SARS-CoV-2 NTD and identify a supersite (designated site i) recognized by all known NTD-specific neutralizing mAbs. These mAbs inhibit cell-to-cell fusion, activate effector functions, and protect Syrian hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 challenge, albeit selecting escape mutants in some animals. Indeed, several SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1 lineages, harbor frequent mutations within the NTD supersite, suggesting ongoing selective pressure and the importance of NTD-specific neutralizing mAbs for protective immunity and vaccine design. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - McCallum, Matthew AU - McCallum M AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - De Marco, Anna AU - De Marco A AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Lempp, Florian A AU - Lempp FA AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. FAU - Tortorici, M Alejandra AU - Tortorici MA AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institut Pasteur and CNRS UMR 3569, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France. FAU - Pinto, Dora AU - Pinto D AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Walls, Alexandra C AU - Walls AC AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Beltramello, Martina AU - Beltramello M AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Chen, Alex AU - Chen A AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. FAU - Liu, Zhuoming AU - Liu Z AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. FAU - Zatta, Fabrizia AU - Zatta F AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Zepeda, Samantha AU - Zepeda S AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - di Iulio, Julia AU - di Iulio J AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. FAU - Bowen, John E AU - Bowen JE AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Montiel-Ruiz, Martin AU - Montiel-Ruiz M AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. FAU - Zhou, Jiayi AU - Zhou J AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. FAU - Rosen, Laura E AU - Rosen LE AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. FAU - Bianchi, Siro AU - Bianchi S AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Guarino, Barbara AU - Guarino B AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Fregni, Chiara Silacci AU - Fregni CS AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Abdelnabi, Rana AU - Abdelnabi R AD - Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Foo, Shi-Yan Caroline AU - Foo SC AD - Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Rothlauf, Paul W AU - Rothlauf PW AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. FAU - Bloyet, Louis-Marie AU - Bloyet LM AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. FAU - Benigni, Fabio AU - Benigni F AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Cameroni, Elisabetta AU - Cameroni E AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. FAU - Neyts, Johan AU - Neyts J AD - Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Riva, Agostino AU - Riva A AD - III Division of Infectious Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy. FAU - Snell, Gyorgy AU - Snell G AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. FAU - Telenti, Amalio AU - Telenti A AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. FAU - Whelan, Sean P J AU - Whelan SPJ AD - Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. FAU - Virgin, Herbert W AU - Virgin HW AD - Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. FAU - Corti, Davide AU - Corti D AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. Electronic address: dcorti@vir.bio. FAU - Pizzuto, Matteo Samuele AU - Pizzuto MS AD - Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. Electronic address: mpizzuto@vir.bio. FAU - Veesler, David AU - Veesler D AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Electronic address: dveesler@uw.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 GM120553/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - DP1 AI158186/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - S10 OD023476/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN272201700059C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 GM008268/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210316 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (RNA, Viral) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2021 Jan 14:2021.01.14.426475. doi: 10.1101/2021.01.14.426475. PMID: 33469588 CIN - Cell Host Microbe. 2021 May 12;29(5):744-746. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.04.010. PMID: 33984277 MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry/immunology MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antigens, Viral/*immunology MH - COVID-19/immunology/virology MH - Cricetinae MH - Epitope Mapping MH - Genetic Variation MH - Models, Molecular MH - Mutation/genetics MH - Neutralization Tests MH - Protein Domains MH - RNA, Viral/genetics MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology/isolation & purification/ultrastructure PMC - PMC7962585 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - N-terminal domain OT - NTD OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory B cells OT - neutralizing antibody OT - spike glycoprotein COIS- Declaration of interests A.D.M., F.A.L., D.P., M.B., F.Z., J.d.I., M.M.-R., J.Z., L.E.R., S.B., B.G., C.S.F., F.B., E.C., G.S., A.T., H.W.V., D.C., and M.S.P. are employees of Vir Biotechnology Inc. and may hold shares in Vir Biotechnology Inc. D.C. is currently listed as an inventor on multiple patent applications, which disclose the subject matter described in this manuscript. The Neyts laboratories have received sponsored research agreements from Vir Biotechnology Inc. H.W.V. is a founder of PierianDx and Casma Therapeutics. Neither company provided funding for this work or is performing related work. D.V. is a consultant for Vir Biotechnology Inc. The Veesler laboratory has received a sponsored research agreement from Vir Biotechnology Inc. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/03/25 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/14 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/16 CRDT- 2021/03/24 20:11 PHST- 2021/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/24 20:11 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(21)00356-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.028 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2021 Apr 29;184(9):2332-2347.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.028. Epub 2021 Mar 16. PMID- 33758164 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210412 LR - 20210417 IS - 2059-3635 (Electronic) IS - 2095-9907 (Print) IS - 2059-3635 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Mar 24 TI - The lncRNA Snhg1-Vps13D vesicle trafficking system promotes memory CD8 T cell establishment via regulating the dual effects of IL-7 signaling. PG - 126 LID - 10.1038/s41392-021-00492-9 [doi] LID - 126 AB - The efficient induction and long-term persistence of pathogen-specific memory CD8 T cells are pivotal to rapidly curb the reinfection. Recent studies indicated that long-noncoding RNAs expression is highly cell- and stage-specific during T cell development and differentiation, suggesting their potential roles in T cell programs. However, the key lncRNAs playing crucial roles in memory CD8 T cell establishment remain to be clarified. Through CD8 T cell subsets profiling of lncRNAs, this study found a key lncRNA-Snhg1 with the conserved naive(hi)-effector(lo)-memory(hi) expression pattern in CD8 T cells of both mice and human, that can promote memory formation while impeding effector CD8 in acute viral infection. Further, Snhg1 was found interacting with the conserved vesicle trafficking protein Vps13D to promote IL-7Ralpha membrane location specifically. With the deep mechanism probing, the results show Snhg1-Vps13D regulated IL-7 signaling with its dual effects in memory CD8 generation, which not just because of the sustaining role of STAT5-BCL-2 axis for memory survival, but more through the STAT3-TCF1-Blimp1 axis for transcriptional launch program of memory differentiation. Moreover, we performed further study with finding a similar high-low-high expression pattern of human SNHG1/VPS13D/IL7R/TCF7 in CD8 T cell subsets from PBMC samples of the convalescent COVID-19 patients. The central role of Snhg1-Vps13D-IL-7R-TCF1 axis in memory CD8 establishment makes it a potential target for improving the vaccination effects to control the ongoing pandemic. FAU - Zhang, Yanyan AU - Zhang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6037-5918 AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. yzhangtmmu@163.com. AD - Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 401121, China. yzhangtmmu@163.com. FAU - Li, Baohua AU - Li B AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Bai, Qiang AU - Bai Q AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7423-0712 AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. AD - Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, 4000, Belgium. AD - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, 4000, Belgium. FAU - Wang, Pengcheng AU - Wang P AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Wei, Gang AU - Wei G AD - Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China. FAU - Li, Zhirong AU - Li Z AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Hu, Li AU - Hu L AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Tian, Qin AU - Tian Q AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Zhou, Jing AU - Zhou J AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Huang, Qizhao AU - Huang Q AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Wang, Zhiming AU - Wang Z AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Yue, Shuai AU - Yue S AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Wu, Jialin AU - Wu J AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Yang, Liuqing AU - Yang L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6518-474X AD - Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, TX, USA. FAU - Zhou, Xinyuan AU - Zhou X AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. FAU - Jiang, Lubin AU - Jiang L AD - Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031, China. FAU - Ni, Ting AU - Ni T AD - Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China. FAU - Ye, Lilin AU - Ye L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0778-3311 AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. yelilinlcmv@tmmu.edu.cn. FAU - Wu, Yuzhang AU - Wu Y AD - Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. wuyuzhang@tmmu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 31800763/National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)/ GR - 2016YFA0502202/National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210324 PL - England TA - Signal Transduct Target Ther JT - Signal transduction and targeted therapy JID - 101676423 RN - 0 (IL7 protein, human) RN - 0 (Interleukin-7) RN - 0 (Proteins) RN - 0 (RNA, Long Noncoding) RN - 0 (VPS13D protein, human) RN - 0 (long non-coding RNA SNHG1, human) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Biological Transport, Active MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/pathology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/pathology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Interleukin-7/*immunology MH - Mice MH - Proteins/*immunology MH - RNA, Long Noncoding/*immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Secretory Vesicles/*immunology/pathology MH - Signal Transduction/*immunology PMC - PMC7987995 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/03/25 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/13 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/24 CRDT- 2021/03/24 06:08 PHST- 2020/07/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/03/24 06:08 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41392-021-00492-9 [pii] AID - 492 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41392-021-00492-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021 Mar 24;6(1):126. doi: 10.1038/s41392-021-00492-9. PMID- 33755725 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210719 LR - 20220308 IS - 1537-6613 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1899 (Print) IS - 0022-1899 (Linking) VI - 224 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jul 2 TI - Longitudinal Analysis of Human Memory T-Cell Response According to the Severity of Illness up to 8 Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection. PG - 39-48 LID - 10.1093/infdis/jiab159 [doi] LID - jiab159 AB - BACKGROUND: Understanding the memory T-cell response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial for assessing the longevity of protective immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, the longitudinal memory T-cell response up to 8 months post-symptom onset (PSO) according to the severity of illness is unknown. METHODS: We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers or patients with COVID-19 who experienced asymptomatic, mild, or severe illness at 2, 5, and 8 months PSO. SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleocapsid, and membrane protein-stimulated PBMCs were subjected to flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS: A total of 24 patients (7 asymptomatic, 9 with mild disease, and 8 with severe disease) and 6 healthy volunteers were analyzed. SARS-CoV-2-specific OX40+CD137+CD4+ T cells and CD69+CD137+CD8+ T cells persisted at 8 months PSO. Also, antigen-specific cytokine-producing or polyfunctional CD4+ T cells were maintained for up to 8 months PSO. Memory CD4+ T-cell responses tended to be greater in patients who had severe illness than in those with mild or asymptomatic disease. CONCLUSIONS: Memory response to SARS-CoV-2, based on the frequency and functionality, persists for 8 months PSO. Further investigations involving its longevity and protective effect from reinfection are warranted. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Kang, Chang Kyung AU - Kang CK AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Minji AU - Kim M AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Soojin AU - Lee S AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Gwanghun AU - Kim G AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choe, Pyoeng Gyun AU - Choe PG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6794-7918 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Wan Beom AU - Park WB AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Nam Joong AU - Kim NJ AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Chang-Han AU - Lee CH AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Ik Soo AU - Kim IS AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Keehoon AU - Jung K AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Dong-Sup AU - Lee DS AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea. AD - Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Hyun Mu AU - Shin HM AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hang-Rae AU - Kim HR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3983-6193 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea. AD - Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Myoung-Don AU - Oh MD AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. LA - eng GR - RF-2018M3A9H4055197/Korean government/ GR - 16-2019-005/SNUBH Research Fund/ GR - SRFC-TC2003-02/Samsung Research Funding and Incubation Center of Samsung Electronics/ GR - 04-2020-0030/Seoul National University Hospital Research Fund/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Infect Dis JT - The Journal of infectious diseases JID - 0413675 RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) SB - IM EIN - J Infect Dis. 2023 Apr 26;227(9):1113-1114. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab557. PMID: 35258550 MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antigens, Viral MH - Biomarkers MH - COVID-19/diagnosis/epidemiology/*immunology/*virology MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Disease Management MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Female MH - Host-Pathogen Interactions/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Immunophenotyping MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology/metabolism MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Symptom Assessment MH - T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology/metabolism MH - Time Factors PMC - PMC8083680 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 8 months OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T-cell OT - memory response OT - severity EDAT- 2021/03/24 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/20 06:00 PMCR- 2021/04/29 CRDT- 2021/03/23 17:50 PHST- 2021/01/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/23 17:50 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6184114 [pii] AID - jiab159 [pii] AID - 10.1093/infdis/jiab159 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Infect Dis. 2021 Jul 2;224(1):39-48. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab159. PMID- 33737424 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210323 LR - 20241108 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2021 Mar 18 TI - Potential impact of physical distancing on physical and mental health: a rapid narrative umbrella review of meta-analyses on the link between social connection and health. PG - e042335 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042335 [doi] LID - e042335 AB - BACKGROUND: The imperative for physical distancing (mostly referred to as social distancing) during COVID-19 pandemic may deteriorate physical and mental health. We aimed at summarising the strength of evidence in the published literature on the association of physical and mental health with social connection via social isolation, living alone and loneliness. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search in April 2020 to identify meta-analyses using the Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases. The search strategy included terms of social isolation, loneliness, living alone and meta-analysis. Eligible meta-analyses needed to report any sort of association between an indicator of social connection and any physical or mental health outcome. The findings were summarised in a narrative synthesis. RESULTS: Twenty-five meta-analyses met our criteria, of which 10 focused on physical health and 15 on mental health outcomes. The results suggest that lack of social connection is associated with chronic physical symptoms, frailty, coronary heart disease, malnutrition, hospital readmission, reduced vaccine uptake, early mortality, depression, social anxiety, psychosis, cognitive impairment in later life and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS: The existing evidence clearly indicates that social connection is associated with a range of poor physical and mental health outcomes. A potential negative impact on these outcomes needs to be considered in future decisions on physical distancing measures. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Morina, Nexhmedin AU - Morina N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2331-9140 AD - Institute of Psychology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany morina@uni-muenster.de. FAU - Kip, Ahlke AU - Kip A AD - Institute of Psychology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Hoppen, Thole Hilko AU - Hoppen TH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6050-8696 AD - Institute of Psychology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Priebe, Stefan AU - Priebe S AD - Unit of Social and Community Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK. FAU - Meyer, Thomas AU - Meyer T AD - Institute of Psychology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20210318 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - COVID-19/prevention & control/*psychology MH - Humans MH - *Mental Health MH - Pandemics MH - *Physical Distancing PMC - PMC7978290 OTO - NOTNLM OT - health & safety OT - health policy OT - mental health OT - public health OT - risk management COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2021/03/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/24 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/18 CRDT- 2021/03/19 06:36 PHST- 2021/03/19 06:36 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2020-042335 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042335 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2021 Mar 18;11(3):e042335. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042335. PMID- 33732459 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220421 IS - 2050-0068 (Print) IS - 2050-0068 (Electronic) IS - 2050-0068 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 3 DP - 2021 TI - Antibodies to neutralising epitopes synergistically block the interaction of the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE 2. PG - e1260 LID - 10.1002/cti2.1260 [doi] LID - e1260 AB - OBJECTIVES: A major COVID-19 vaccine strategy is to induce antibodies that prevent interaction between the Spike protein's receptor-binding domain (RBD) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). These vaccines will also induce T-cell responses. However, concerns were raised that aberrant vaccine-induced immune responses may exacerbate disease. We aimed to identify minimal epitopes on the RBD that would induce antibody responses that block the interaction of the RBD and ACE2 as a strategy leading to an effective vaccine with reduced risk of inducing immunopathology. METHODS: We procured a series of overlapping 20-amino acid peptides spanning the RBD and asked which were recognised by plasma from COVID-19 convalescent patients. Identified epitopes were conjugated to diphtheria-toxoid and used to vaccinate mice. Immune sera were tested for binding to the RBD and for their ability to block the interaction of the RBD and ACE2. RESULTS: Seven putative vaccine epitopes were identified. Memory B-cells (MBCs) specific for one of the epitopes were identified in the blood of convalescent patients. When used to vaccinate mice, six induced antibodies that bound recRBD and three induced antibodies that could partially block the interaction of the RBD and ACE2. However, when the sera were combined in pairs, we observed significantly enhanced inhibition of binding of RBD to ACE2. Two of the peptides were located in the main regions of the RBD known to contact ACE2. Of significant importance to vaccine development, two of the peptides were in regions that are invariant in the UK and South African strains. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 convalescent patients have SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and MBCs, the specificities of which can be defined with short peptides. Epitope-specific antibodies synergistically block RBD-ACE2 interaction. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology, Inc. FAU - Pandey, Manisha AU - Pandey M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4151-699X AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Ozberk, Victoria AU - Ozberk V AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Eskandari, Sharareh AU - Eskandari S AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Shalash, Ahmed O AU - Shalash AO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3819-4798 AD - University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Joyce, Michael A AU - Joyce MA AD - University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada. FAU - Saffran, Holly A AU - Saffran HA AD - University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada. FAU - Day, Christopher J AU - Day CJ AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Lepletier, Ailin AU - Lepletier A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1371-7313 AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Spillings, Belinda L AU - Spillings BL AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Mills, Jamie-Lee AU - Mills JL AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Calcutt, Ainslie AU - Calcutt A AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Fan, Fan AU - Fan F AD - Olymvax Biopharmaceuticals Chengdu China. FAU - Williams, James T AU - Williams JT AD - Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Stanisic, Danielle I AU - Stanisic DI AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Hattingh, Laetitia AU - Hattingh L AD - Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Gerrard, John AU - Gerrard J AD - Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Skwarczynski, Mariusz AU - Skwarczynski M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7257-807X AD - University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Mak, Johnson AU - Mak J AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Jennings, Michael P AU - Jennings MP AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. FAU - Toth, Istvan AU - Toth I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4572-397X AD - University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia. FAU - Tyrrell, D Lorne AU - Tyrrell DL AD - University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada. FAU - Good, Michael F AU - Good MF AD - Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210307 PL - Australia TA - Clin Transl Immunology JT - Clinical & translational immunology JID - 101638268 PMC - PMC7937407 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ACE-2 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - memory B cells OT - peptide epitopes OT - receptor-binding domain OT - tetramer staining OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/03/19 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/19 06:01 PMCR- 2021/03/07 CRDT- 2021/03/18 06:49 PHST- 2020/12/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/18 06:49 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/19 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CTI21260 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cti2.1260 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Transl Immunology. 2021 Mar 7;10(3):e1260. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1260. eCollection 2021. PMID- 33731329 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210325 LR - 20221207 IS - 2052-4439 (Electronic) IS - 2052-4439 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Mar TI - Clinical characteristics and outcomes of adult patients admitted with COVID-19 in East London: a retrospective cohort analysis. LID - 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000813 [doi] LID - e000813 AB - BACKGROUND: Descriptions of clinical characteristics of patients hospitalised withCOVID-19, their clinical course and short-term inpatient and outpatient outcomes in deprived urban populations in the UK are still relatively sparse. We describe the epidemiology, clinical course, experience of non-invasive ventilation and intensive care, mortality and short-term sequelae of patients admitted to two large District General Hospitals across a large East London National Health Service Trust during the first wave of the pandemic. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out on a cohort of 1946 patients with a clinical or laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19, including descriptive statistics and survival analysis. A more detailed analysis was undertaken of a subset of patients admitted across three respiratory units in the trust. RESULTS: Increasing age, male sex and Asian ethnicity were associated with worse outcomes. Increasing severity of chest X-ray abnormalities trended with mortality. Radiological changes persisted in over 50% of cases at early follow-up (6 weeks). Ongoing symptoms including hair loss, memory impairment, breathlessness, cough and fatigue were reported in 70% of survivors, with 39% of patients unable to return to work due to ongoing symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the acute clinical features, course of illness and outcomes of COVID-19 will be crucial in understanding the effect of differences in risk, as well as the effectiveness of new interventions and vaccination between the successive waves of the pandemic. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Cheng, Daryl AU - Cheng D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9906-4298 AD - Respiratory Department, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Romford, UK. FAU - Calderwood, Claire AU - Calderwood C AD - Respiratory Department, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Romford, UK. AD - Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK. FAU - Skyllberg, Erik AU - Skyllberg E AD - Respiratory Department, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Romford, UK. FAU - Ainley, Adam AU - Ainley A AD - Respiratory Department, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Romford, UK adam.ainley@nhs.net. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - BMJ Open Respir Res JT - BMJ open respiratory research JID - 101638061 SB - IM MH - Age Factors MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Alopecia/physiopathology MH - COVID-19/*complications/*epidemiology/mortality/physiopathology/therapy MH - Cohort Studies MH - Cough/physiopathology MH - Dyspnea/physiopathology MH - Ethnicity MH - Fatigue/physiopathology MH - Female MH - Hospital Mortality MH - Humans MH - Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data MH - London/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Memory Disorders/physiopathology MH - Middle Aged MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Noninvasive Ventilation/statistics & numerical data MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Return to Work MH - Risk Factors MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Sex Factors MH - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome PMC - PMC7976675 OTO - NOTNLM OT - clinical epidemiology OT - imaging/CT MRI etc OT - non invasive ventilation OT - pneumonia OT - respiratory infection OT - viral infection COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2021/03/19 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/26 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/19 CRDT- 2021/03/18 06:09 PHST- 2020/11/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/01/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/18 06:09 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 8/1/e000813 [pii] AID - bmjresp-2020-000813 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000813 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - BMJ Open Respir Res. 2021 Mar;8(1):e000813. doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000813. PMID- 33728097 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240331 IS - 1598-2629 (Print) IS - 2092-6685 (Electronic) IS - 1598-2629 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Feb TI - Current Status of COVID-19 Vaccine Development: Focusing on Antigen Design and Clinical Trials on Later Stages. PG - e4 LID - 10.4110/in.2021.21.e4 [doi] LID - e4 AB - The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still threatening human health, economy, and social life worldwide. As a counteraction for this devastating disease, a number of vaccines are being developed with unprecedented speed combined with new technologies. As COVID-19 vaccines are being developed in the absence of a licensed human coronavirus vaccine, there remain further questions regarding the long-term efficacy and safety of the vaccines, as well as immunological mechanisms in depth. This review article discusses the current status of COVID-19 vaccine development, mainly focusing on antigen design, clinical trials in later stages, and immunological considerations for further study. CI - Copyright (c) 2021. The Korean Association of Immunologists. FAU - Lee, Pureum AU - Lee P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9477-8531 AD - Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea. AD - Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea. FAU - Kim, Chang-Ung AU - Kim CU AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8245-3315 AD - Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea. FAU - Seo, Sang Hawn AU - Seo SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4518-8858 AD - International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Korea. FAU - Kim, Doo-Jin AU - Kim DJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4934-4931 AD - Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea. AD - Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210226 PL - Korea (South) TA - Immune Netw JT - Immune network JID - 101137270 PMC - PMC7937514 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibody-dependent enhancement OT - COVID-19 OT - Pre-existing immunological memory OT - Prefusion-stabilized OT - VAERD OT - Vaccines COIS- Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2021/03/18 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/18 06:01 PMCR- 2021/02/01 CRDT- 2021/03/17 06:50 PHST- 2021/01/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/02/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/17 06:50 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/18 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.4110/in.2021.21.e4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Immune Netw. 2021 Feb 26;21(1):e4. doi: 10.4110/in.2021.21.e4. eCollection 2021 Feb. PMID- 33718360 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210316 IS - 2296-634X (Print) IS - 2296-634X (Electronic) IS - 2296-634X (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2021 TI - SARS-CoV-2-Specific Memory T Lymphocytes From COVID-19 Convalescent Donors: Identification, Biobanking, and Large-Scale Production for Adoptive Cell Therapy. PG - 620730 LID - 10.3389/fcell.2021.620730 [doi] LID - 620730 AB - Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is causing a second outbreak significantly delaying the hope for the virus' complete eradication. In the absence of effective vaccines, we need effective treatments with low adverse effects that can treat hospitalized patients with COVID-19 disease. In this study, we determined the existence of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells within CD45RA(-) memory T cells in the blood of convalescent donors. Memory T cells can respond quickly to infection and provide long-term immune protection to reduce the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Also, CD45RA(-) memory T cells confer protection from other pathogens encountered by the donors throughout their life. It is of vital importance to resolve other secondary infections that usually develop in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. We found SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells in all of the CD45RA(-) subsets (CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+)) and in the central memory and effector memory subpopulations. The procedure for obtaining these cells is feasible, easy to implement for small-scale manufacture, quick and cost-effective, involves minimal manipulation, and has no GMP requirements. This biobank of specific SARS-CoV-2 memory T cells would be immediately available "off-the-shelf" to treat moderate/severe cases of COVID-19, thereby increasing the therapeutic options available for these patients. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Ferreras, Pascual-Miguel, Mestre-Duran, Navarro-Zapata, Clares-Villa, Martin-Cortazar, De Paz, Marcos, Vicario, Balas, Garcia-Sanchez, Eguizabal, Solano, Mora-Rillo, Soria and Perez-Martinez. FAU - Ferreras, C AU - Ferreras C AD - Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Pascual-Miguel, B AU - Pascual-Miguel B AD - Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Mestre-Duran, C AU - Mestre-Duran C AD - Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Navarro-Zapata, A AU - Navarro-Zapata A AD - Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Clares-Villa, L AU - Clares-Villa L AD - Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martin-Cortazar, C AU - Martin-Cortazar C AD - Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - De Paz, R AU - De Paz R AD - Hematology Department, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Marcos, A AU - Marcos A AD - Hematology Department, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Vicario, J L AU - Vicario JL AD - Histocompatibility, Centro de Transfusion de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Balas, A AU - Balas A AD - Histocompatibility, Centro de Transfusion de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Garcia-Sanchez, F AU - Garcia-Sanchez F AD - Histocompatibility, Centro de Transfusion de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Eguizabal, C AU - Eguizabal C AD - Research Unit, Basque Center for Blood Transfusion and Human Tissues, Osakidetza, Galdakao, Spain. AD - Cell Therapy, Stem Cells and Tissues Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain. FAU - Solano, C AU - Solano C AD - Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia/Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FAU - Mora-Rillo, M AU - Mora-Rillo M AD - Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Soria, B AU - Soria B AD - Instituto de Bioingenieria, Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche, Alicante, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Hospital General y Universitario de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain. FAU - Perez-Martinez, A AU - Perez-Martinez A AD - Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. AD - Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Department, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. AD - Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210225 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Cell Dev Biol JT - Frontiers in cell and developmental biology JID - 101630250 PMC - PMC7947351 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - adoptive cell therapy (ACT) OT - biobank OT - lymphopenia OT - memory T cells (Tmem) COIS- CF, BS, and AP-M filed a patent on this topic. BS received fees from Celgene, Gilead, Sanofi and Novo-Nordisk unrelated to this work. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/03/16 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/16 06:01 PMCR- 2021/02/25 CRDT- 2021/03/15 07:08 PHST- 2020/10/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/15 07:08 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/16 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fcell.2021.620730 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Feb 25;9:620730. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.620730. eCollection 2021. PMID- 33715108 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210716 LR - 20241021 IS - 1559-1182 (Electronic) IS - 0893-7648 (Print) IS - 0893-7648 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 7 DP - 2021 Jul TI - Neurological Manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 Induced Inflammation and Possible Therapeutic Strategies Against COVID-19. PG - 3417-3434 LID - 10.1007/s12035-021-02318-9 [doi] AB - There are regular reports of extrapulmonary infections and manifestations related to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Coronaviruses are potentially neurotropic, which renders neuronal tissue vulnerable to infection, especially in elderly individuals or in those with neuro-comorbid conditions. Complaints of ageusia, anosmia, myalgia, and headache; reports of diseases such as stroke, encephalopathy, seizure, and encephalitis; and loss of consciousness in patients with COVID-19 confirm the neuropathophysiological aspect of this disease. The brain is linked to pulmonary organs, physiologically through blood circulation, and functionally through the nervous system. The interdependence of these vital organs may further aggravate the pathophysiological aspects of COVID-19. The induction of a cytokine storm in systemic circulation can trigger a neuroinflammatory cascade, which can subsequently compromise the blood-brain barrier and activate microglia- and astrocyte-borne Toll-like receptors, thereby leading to neuronal tissue damage. Hence, a holistic approach should be adopted by healthcare professionals while treating COVID-19 patients with a history of neurodegenerative disorders, neuropsychological complications, or any other neuro-compromised conditions. Imperatively, vaccines are being developed at top priority to contain the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and different vaccines are at different stages of development globally. This review discusses the concerns regarding the neuronal complications of COVID-19 and the possible mechanisms of amelioration. FAU - Kumar, Dipak AU - Kumar D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6104-9447 AD - Zoology Department, KKM College, Jamui, Munger University, Munger, India. FAU - Jahan, Sadaf AU - Jahan S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6976-5672 AD - Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. jahan149@gmail.com. FAU - Khan, Andleeb AU - Khan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6125-3309 AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Siddiqui, Arif Jamal AU - Siddiqui AJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6236-0920 AD - Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, PO Box 2440, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Redhu, Neeru Singh AU - Redhu NS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4438-5147 AD - Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India. FAU - Wahajuddin AU - Wahajuddin AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3362-7558 AD - Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India. FAU - Khan, Johra AU - Khan J AD - Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Banwas, Saeed AU - Banwas S AD - Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. AD - Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia. AD - Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA. FAU - Alshehri, Bader AU - Alshehri B AD - Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. AD - Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alaidarous, Mohammed AU - Alaidarous M AD - Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. AD - Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210314 PL - United States TA - Mol Neurobiol JT - Molecular neurobiology JID - 8900963 SB - IM MH - Brain/*virology MH - COVID-19/*complications MH - Cytokine Release Syndrome/*virology MH - Encephalitis/*virology MH - Humans MH - Inflammation/*virology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Stroke/*virology PMC - PMC7955900 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cytokine storm OT - Neurodegenerative disorders OT - Neuropathophysiology OT - Pandemic OT - Vaccine COIS- The authors of the manuscript declare no conflict of interest/competing interests. All data and materials are available in the manuscript. EDAT- 2021/03/15 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/17 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/14 CRDT- 2021/03/14 21:01 PHST- 2020/09/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/14 21:01 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s12035-021-02318-9 [pii] AID - 2318 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12035-021-02318-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Neurobiol. 2021 Jul;58(7):3417-3434. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02318-9. Epub 2021 Mar 14. PMID- 33706207 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210421 LR - 20250530 IS - 1096-0341 (Electronic) IS - 0042-6822 (Print) IS - 0042-6822 (Linking) VI - 558 DP - 2021 Jun TI - Characterization of neutralizing versus binding antibodies and memory B cells in COVID-19 recovered individuals from India. PG - 13-21 LID - S0042-6822(21)00036-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.virol.2021.02.002 [doi] AB - India is one of the most affected countries by COVID-19 pandemic; but little is understood regarding immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in this region. Herein we examined SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies, IgG, IgM, IgA and memory B cells in COVID-19 recovered individual from India. While a vast majority of COVID-19 recovered individuals showed SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies (38/42, 90.47%; 21/42, 50%; 33/42, 78.57% respectively), only half of them had appreciable neutralizing antibody titers. RBD-specific IgG, but not IgA or IgM titers, correlated with neutralizing antibody titers and RBD-specific memory B cell frequencies. These findings have timely significance for identifying potential donors for plasma therapy using RBD-specific IgG assays as surrogate measurement for neutralizing antibodies in India. Further, this study provides useful information needed for designing large-scale studies towards understanding of inter-individual variation in immune memory to SARS CoV-2 natural infection for future vaccine evaluation and implementation efforts. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Nayak, Kaustuv AU - Nayak K AD - ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India. FAU - Gottimukkala, Kamalvishnu AU - Gottimukkala K AD - ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kumar, Sanjeev AU - Kumar S AD - ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India. FAU - Reddy, Elluri Seetharami AU - Reddy ES AD - ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India; Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Edara, Venkata Viswanadh AU - Edara VV AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Kauffman, Robert AU - Kauffman R AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Floyd, Katharine AU - Floyd K AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Mantus, Grace AU - Mantus G AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Savargaonkar, Deepali AU - Savargaonkar D AD - ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India. FAU - Goel, Pawan Kumar AU - Goel PK AD - Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewat Government Medical College, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana, India. FAU - Arora, Satyam AU - Arora S AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine, Super Speciality Pediatric Hospital and Post Graduate Teaching Institute, Noida, UP, India. FAU - Rahi, Manju AU - Rahi M AD - Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. FAU - Davis, Carl W AU - Davis CW AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Deptartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Linderman, Susanne AU - Linderman S AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Wrammert, Jens AU - Wrammert J AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Suthar, Mehul S AU - Suthar MS AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. FAU - Ahmed, Rafi AU - Ahmed R AD - Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Deptartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. FAU - Sharma, Amit AU - Sharma A AD - ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India; Structural Parasitology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India. FAU - Murali-Krishna, Kaja AU - Murali-Krishna K AD - ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Electronic address: Murali.kaja@emory.edu. FAU - Chandele, Anmol AU - Chandele A AD - ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: chandeleanmol@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210305 PL - United States TA - Virology JT - Virology JID - 0110674 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin Isotypes) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/*analysis MH - Antibodies, Viral/*analysis MH - *B-Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology MH - COVID-19/epidemiology/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunoglobulin Isotypes/analysis MH - India/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Pandemics MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7934698 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - India OT - Memory B cells OT - Neutralizing antibodies OT - Receptor binding domain OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/03/12 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/22 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/05 CRDT- 2021/03/11 20:32 PHST- 2020/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/11 20:32 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0042-6822(21)00036-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.virol.2021.02.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Virology. 2021 Jun;558:13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.02.002. Epub 2021 Mar 5. PMID- 33692194 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210323 LR - 20211105 IS - 2379-5042 (Electronic) IS - 2379-5042 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Mar 10 TI - Original Antigenic Sin: the Downside of Immunological Memory and Implications for COVID-19. LID - 10.1128/mSphere.00056-21 [doi] LID - e00056-21 AB - The concept of original antigenic sin (OAS) was put forth many years ago to explain how humoral memory responses generated against one set of antigens can affect the nature of antibody responses elicited to challenge infections or vaccinations containing a similar but not identical array of antigens. Here, we highlight the link between OAS and the germinal center reaction (GCR), a process unique to activated B cells undergoing somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination. It is the powerful response of activated memory B cells and the accompanying GCR that establish the foundations of OAS. We apply these concepts to the current COVID-19 pandemic and put forth several possible scenarios whereby OAS may result in either beneficial or harmful outcomes depending, hypothetically, on prior exposure to antigens shared between SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal human coronaviruses (hCoVs) that include betacoronaviruses (e.g., HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1) and alphacoronaviruses (e.g., HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1) (E. M. Anderson, E. C. Goodwin, A. Verma, C. P. Arevalo, et al., medRxiv, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.06.20227215; S. M. Kissler, C. Tedijanto, E. Goldstein, Y. H. Grad, and M. Lipsitch, Science 368:860-868, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb5793). CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Brown and Essigmann. FAU - Brown, Eric L AU - Brown EL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2659-6490 AD - Center for Infectious Disease, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA eric.l.brown@uth.tmc.edu. FAU - Essigmann, Heather T AU - Essigmann HT AD - Center for Infectious Disease, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210310 PL - United States TA - mSphere JT - mSphere JID - 101674533 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibody Formation MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Germinal Center/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory/*immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology PMC - PMC8546681 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - affinity maturation OT - germinal center OT - germinal center reaction OT - humoral immunity OT - immunity OT - imprinting OT - memory responses OT - original antigenic sin OT - vaccines EDAT- 2021/03/12 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/24 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/10 CRDT- 2021/03/11 06:05 PHST- 2021/03/11 06:05 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6/2/e00056-21 [pii] AID - mSphere00056-21 [pii] AID - 10.1128/mSphere.00056-21 [doi] PST - epublish SO - mSphere. 2021 Mar 10;6(2):e00056-21. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00056-21. PMID- 33673048 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240331 IS - 2076-393X (Print) IS - 2076-393X (Electronic) IS - 2076-393X (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Feb 12 TI - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines: Immunological Mechanism and Beyond. LID - 10.3390/vaccines9020147 [doi] LID - 147 AB - To successfully protect against pathogen infection, a vaccine must elicit efficient adaptive immunity, including B and T cell responses. While B cell responses are key, as they can mediate antibody-dependent protection, T cells can modulate B cell activity and directly contribute to the elimination of pathogen-infected cells. In the unprecedented race to develop an effective vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the respiratory disease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have emerged as front runners thanks to their capacity for rapid development and ability to drive potent adaptive immune responses. In this review article, we provide an overview of the results from pre-clinical studies in animal models as well as clinical studies in humans that assessed the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, with a primary focus on adaptive immune responses post vaccination. FAU - Bettini, Emily AU - Bettini E AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Locci, Michela AU - Locci M AD - Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 AI123738/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI123738 and R01 AI153064/NIH NIAID/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210212 PL - Switzerland TA - Vaccines (Basel) JT - Vaccines JID - 101629355 PMC - PMC7918810 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T follicular helper cells OT - Th1 cells OT - adaptive immunity OT - antibodies OT - coronavirus OT - germinal centers OT - long-lived plasma cells OT - mRNA vaccines OT - memory B cells COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/03/07 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/07 06:01 PMCR- 2021/02/12 CRDT- 2021/03/06 01:15 PHST- 2021/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/06 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/07 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - vaccines9020147 [pii] AID - vaccines-09-00147 [pii] AID - 10.3390/vaccines9020147 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Feb 12;9(2):147. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9020147. PMID- 33649749 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220502 LR - 20250530 IS - 2666-6340 (Electronic) IS - 2666-6359 (Print) IS - 2666-6340 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 4 DP - 2021 Apr 9 TI - Deadly COVID-19 among the elderly: Innate immune memory helping those most in need. PG - 378-383 LID - 10.1016/j.medj.2021.02.004 [doi] AB - Age is a key risk factor associated with the severity of symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2, and there is an urgent need to reduce COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in elderly individuals. We discuss evidence suggesting that trained immunity elicited by BCG vaccination may improve immune responses and can serve as a strategy to combat COVID-19 in this population. CI - (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. FAU - Sohrabi, Yahya AU - Sohrabi Y AD - Department of Cardiology I - Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure, University Hospital Munster, Munster, Germany. AD - Institutes of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia. FAU - Reinecke, Holger AU - Reinecke H AD - Department of Cardiology I - Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure, University Hospital Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Joosten, Leo A B AU - Joosten LAB AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. AD - Nucleo de Pesquisa da Faculdade da Policia Militar (FPM) do Estado de Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. FAU - Netea, Mihai G AU - Netea MG AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. AD - Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. LA - eng GR - 833247/ERC_/European Research Council/International PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210224 PL - United States TA - Med JT - Med (New York, N.Y.) JID - 101769215 MH - Aged MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Innate MH - Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC7903897 COIS- M.G.N. and L.A.B.J. are scientific founders of Trained Therapeutics and Discoveries (TTxD). The other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/03/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/03 06:01 PMCR- 2021/02/24 CRDT- 2021/03/02 06:20 PHST- 2021/03/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/03 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/02 06:20 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-6340(21)00065-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.medj.2021.02.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Med. 2021 Apr 9;2(4):378-383. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.02.004. Epub 2021 Feb 24. PMID- 33648486 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210304 LR - 20210305 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Mar 1 TI - Knowledge, socio-cognitive perceptions and the practice of hand hygiene and social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study of UK university students. PG - 426 LID - 10.1186/s12889-021-10461-0 [doi] LID - 426 AB - BACKGROUND: During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing and hand hygiene have been the primary means of reducing transmission in the absence of effective treatments or vaccines, but understanding of their determinants is limited. This study aimed to investigate knowledge and socio-cognitive perceptions, and their associations with such protective behaviours, in UK university students. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey of 293 students was undertaken on 13 May 2020. Survey questions addressed demographics, knowledge of the disease and effectiveness of the protective measures, risk perception, socio-cognitive perceptions (e.g. attitude, social support, and self-efficacy), habit, time factors and trust, as well as the hand hygiene and social distancing behaviours. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the strongest associations of potential determinants with behaviour. RESULTS: Participants reported high levels of social distancing with 88.9% answering "Mostly" or "Always" for every activity, but only 42.0% reporting the same for all hand hygiene activities. Knowledge of the effectiveness of each activity in preventing transmission was high, with 90.7% and 93.5% respectively identifying at least 7 of 8 hand hygiene or 9 of 10 social distancing activities correctly. Habit (beta = 0.39, p = 0.001) and time factors (beta = 0.28, p = 0.001) were the greatest contributors to unique variance in hand hygiene behaviour, followed by ethnicity (beta = - 0.13, p = 0.014) and risk perception (beta = 0.13, p = 0.016). For social distancing behaviour, the determinants were self-efficacy (beta = 0.25, p < 0.001), perceived advantages (beta = 0.15, p = 0.022), trust in policy (beta = 0.14, p = 0.026) and gender (beta = - 0.14, p = 0.016). Regression models explained 40% hand hygiene and 25% social distancing variance. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that communications about effectiveness of hand hygiene and social distancing behaviours had been effective in terms of knowledge acquisition. However, in the light of likely second waves of COVID-19, attention to maintaining social distancing behaviour and improving hand hygiene behaviour may need to address more difficult areas of changing habits, overcoming time factors and building trust, as well as interventions to increase self-efficacy and address risk perception concerns. FAU - Barrett, Christine AU - Barrett C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8400-3668 AD - Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK. chris.barrett83@gmail.com. FAU - Cheung, Kei Long AU - Cheung KL AD - Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210301 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - COVID-19/*prevention & control MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Hand Hygiene/*statistics & numerical data MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Physical Distancing MH - Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - United Kingdom MH - Universities PMC - PMC7919985 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 pandemic OT - Determinants OT - Hand hygiene OT - Health behaviours OT - I-change OT - Social distancing OT - University students COIS- The authors declare they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/03/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/05 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/01 CRDT- 2021/03/02 05:43 PHST- 2020/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/02 05:43 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-021-10461-0 [pii] AID - 10461 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-021-10461-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2021 Mar 1;21(1):426. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10461-0. PMID- 33617700 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210407 LR - 20210407 IS - 1868-1891 (Electronic) IS - 1868-1883 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Feb 23 TI - COVID-19 and neurology perspective. PG - 69-75 LID - 10.1515/hmbci-2020-0069 [doi] AB - COVID-19 caused by SARS CoV2 (The novel corona virus) has already taken lives of many people across the globe even more than anyone could have imagined. This outbreak occurred in China and since then it is expanding its devastating effects by leaps and bounds. Initially it appeared to be an outbreak of pneumonia but soon it was found to be much more than that and the infectivity was found to be very high. This is the reason that it has taken whole globe in its trap and become a pandemic in such a short span of time. Death is occurring because it is a new virus and human body has no specific antibodies for it. Presently there is no approved vaccine so everyone is susceptible but people with co-morbidities appear to be in more risk and the best way for protection is social distancing and increasing one's natural immunity by taking healthy diet and exercise. When a person is infected the clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic to severe ARDS, sudden onset of anosmia, headache, cough may be the initial symptoms. This review is focused on immunopathology and effect of COVID-19 on neurological disorders and also the neurological manifestations and the treatment. CI - (c) 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. FAU - Singh, Shivani AU - Singh S AD - All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Ahirwar, Ashok Kumar AU - Ahirwar AK AD - Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Asia, Priyanka AU - Asia P AD - Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Gopal, Niranjan AU - Gopal N AD - Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Kaim, Kirti AU - Kaim K AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Indira Gandhi ESI Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Ahirwar, Pradeep AU - Ahirwar P AD - Department of Radio-diagnosis, Index Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210223 PL - Germany TA - Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig JT - Hormone molecular biology and clinical investigation JID - 101538885 SB - IM MH - COVID-19/*complications/*epidemiology/immunology/therapy MH - Comorbidity MH - Humans MH - Immune System/physiology MH - *Nervous System Diseases/complications/epidemiology/immunology/therapy MH - Neuroimmunomodulation/physiology MH - *Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - neurology OT - neuropathology EDAT- 2021/02/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/10 06:00 CRDT- 2021/02/22 17:13 PHST- 2020/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/22 17:13 [entrez] AID - hmbci-2020-0069 [pii] AID - 10.1515/hmbci-2020-0069 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 2021 Feb 23;42(1):69-75. doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2020-0069. PMID- 33603755 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210225 LR - 20240330 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2020 TI - Legend of the Sentinels: Development of Lung Resident Memory T Cells and Their Roles in Diseases. PG - 624411 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624411 [doi] LID - 624411 AB - SARS-CoV-2 is wreaking havoc around the world. To get the world back on track, hundreds of vaccines are under development. A deeper understanding of how the immune system responds to SARS-CoV-2 re-infection will certainly help. Studies have highlighted various aspects of T cell response in resolving acute infection and preventing re-infections. Lung resident memory T (T(RM)) cells are sentinels in the secondary immune response. They are mostly differentiated from effector T cells, construct specific niches and stay permanently in lung tissues. If the infection recurs, locally activated lung T(RM) cells can elicit rapid immune response against invading pathogens. In addition, they can significantly limit tumor growth or lead to pathologic immune responses. Vaccines targeting T(RM) cells are under development, with the hope to induce stable and highly reactive lung T(RM) cells through mucosal administration or "prime-and-pull" strategy. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in lung T(RM) cell generation and maintenance, explore their roles in different diseases and discuss how these cells may guide the development of future vaccines targeting infectious disease, cancer, and pathologic immune response. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Qian, Zhu, Li and Li. FAU - Qian, Youkun AU - Qian Y AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Zhu, Yicheng AU - Zhu Y AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Yangyang AU - Li Y AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Bin AU - Li B AD - Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20210202 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Immunotherapy, Adoptive/*methods MH - Lung/*immunology MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Neoplasms/*immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*physiology MH - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/transplantation MH - Vaccines/*immunology PMC - PMC7884312 OTO - NOTNLM OT - asthma OT - cancer OT - infection OT - lung OT - tissue-resident memory T cells OT - vaccine COIS- BL is a co-founder of Biotheus Inc and the chairman of its scientific advisory board. The remaining authors declare that the work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/02/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/26 06:00 PMCR- 2021/02/02 CRDT- 2021/02/19 06:05 PHST- 2020/10/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/12/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/19 06:05 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624411 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 2;11:624411. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624411. eCollection 2020. PMID- 33589885 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220502 LR - 20240908 IS - 2666-6340 (Electronic) IS - 2666-6359 (Print) IS - 2666-6340 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 3 DP - 2021 Mar 12 TI - Persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific B and T cell responses in convalescent COVID-19 patients 6-8 months after the infection. PG - 281-295.e4 LID - 10.1016/j.medj.2021.02.001 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Monitoring the adaptive immune responses during the natural course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection provides useful information for the development of vaccination strategies against this virus and its emerging variants. We thus profiled the serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody (Ab) levels and specific memory B and T cell responses in convalescent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. METHODS: A total of 119 samples from 88 convalescent donors who experienced mild to critical disease were tested for the presence of elevated anti-spike and anti-receptor binding domain Ab levels over a period of 8 months. In addition, the levels of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing Abs and specific memory B and T cell responses were tested in a subset of samples. FINDINGS: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Abs were present in 85% of the samples collected within 4 weeks after the onset of symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Levels of specific immunoglobulin M (IgM)/IgA Abs declined after 1 month, while levels of specific IgG Abs and plasma neutralizing activities remained relatively stable up to 6 months after diagnosis. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Abs were still present, although at a significantly lower level, in 80% of the samples collected at 6-8 months after symptom onset. SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B and T cell responses developed with time and were persistent in all of the patients followed up for 6-8 months. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that protective adaptive immunity following natural infection of SARS-CoV-2 may persist for at least 6-8 months, regardless of disease severity. Development of medium- or long-term protective immunity through vaccination may thus be possible. FUNDING: This project was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ATAC, no. 101003650), the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Finalizzata grant no. GR-2013-02358399), the Center for Innovative Medicine, and the Swedish Research Council. J.A. was supported by the SciLifeLab/KAW national COVID-19 research program project grant 2020. CI - (c) 2021 The Author(s). FAU - Sherina, Natalia AU - Sherina N AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Piralla, Antonio AU - Piralla A AD - Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Du, Likun AU - Du L AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Wan, Hui AU - Wan H AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Kumagai-Braesch, Makiko AU - Kumagai-Braesch M AD - Division of Transplantation Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Andrell, Juni AU - Andrell J AD - Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Braesch-Andersen, Sten AU - Braesch-Andersen S AD - Mabtech AB Research Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Cassaniti, Irene AU - Cassaniti I AD - Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Percivalle, Elena AU - Percivalle E AD - Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Sarasini, Antonella AU - Sarasini A AD - Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Bergami, Federica AU - Bergami F AD - Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Di Martino, Raffaella AU - Di Martino R AD - Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Colaneri, Marta AU - Colaneri M AD - Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Vecchia, Marco AU - Vecchia M AD - Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Sambo, Margherita AU - Sambo M AD - Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Zuccaro, Valentina AU - Zuccaro V AD - Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Bruno, Raffaele AU - Bruno R AD - Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Sachs, Michele AU - Sachs M AD - Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Oggionni, Tiberio AU - Oggionni T AD - Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Meloni, Federica AU - Meloni F AD - Section of Pneumology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Abolhassani, Hassan AU - Abolhassani H AD - Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Bertoglio, Federico AU - Bertoglio F AD - Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, Technische Universitat Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Schubert, Maren AU - Schubert M AD - Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, Technische Universitat Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Byrne-Steele, Miranda AU - Byrne-Steele M AD - iRepertoire, Huntsville, AL, USA. FAU - Han, Jian AU - Han J AD - iRepertoire, Huntsville, AL, USA. AD - HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA. FAU - Hust, Michael AU - Hust M AD - Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, Technische Universitat Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Xue, Yintong AU - Xue Y AD - Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China. FAU - Hammarstrom, Lennart AU - Hammarstrom L AD - Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Baldanti, Fausto AU - Baldanti F AD - Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic, and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Marcotte, Harold AU - Marcotte H AD - Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang AU - Pan-Hammarstrom Q AD - Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210210 PL - United States TA - Med JT - Med (New York, N.Y.) JID - 101769215 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin A MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - T-Lymphocytes PMC - PMC7874960 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell OT - COVID-19 OT - IgG OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell OT - antibody OT - immunity OT - immunological memory OT - longevity of immune response OT - neutralizing antibody COIS- S.B.-A. is a member of the advisory board of Mabtech AB. The other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/02/17 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/17 06:01 PMCR- 2021/02/10 CRDT- 2021/02/16 06:12 PHST- 2020/11/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/12/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/17 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/16 06:12 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2666-6340(21)00038-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.medj.2021.02.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Med. 2021 Mar 12;2(3):281-295.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.02.001. Epub 2021 Feb 10. PMID- 33580169 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210308 LR - 20210308 IS - 2042-0226 (Electronic) IS - 1672-7681 (Print) IS - 1672-7681 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 3 DP - 2021 Mar TI - Ferritin nanoparticle-based SARS-CoV-2 RBD vaccine induces a persistent antibody response and long-term memory in mice. PG - 749-751 LID - 10.1038/s41423-021-00643-6 [doi] FAU - Wang, Wenjun AU - Wang W AD - Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Huang, Baoying AU - Huang B AD - National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, 102206, China. FAU - Zhu, Yanping AU - Zhu Y AD - Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Tan, Wenjie AU - Tan W AD - National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, 102206, China. tanwj28@163.com. FAU - Zhu, Mingzhao AU - Zhu M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2001-2669 AD - Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. zhumz@ibp.ac.cn. AD - College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. zhumz@ibp.ac.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210212 PL - China TA - Cell Mol Immunol JT - Cellular & molecular immunology JID - 101242872 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 9007-73-2 (Ferritins) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/*immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19 Vaccines/chemistry/pharmacology MH - *Ferritins/chemistry/pharmacology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory/drug effects MH - Mice MH - *Nanoparticles/chemistry/therapeutic use MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology PMC - PMC7880661 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/02/14 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/09 06:00 PMCR- 2021/02/12 CRDT- 2021/02/13 05:48 PHST- 2020/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/13 05:48 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41423-021-00643-6 [pii] AID - 643 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41423-021-00643-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell Mol Immunol. 2021 Mar;18(3):749-751. doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00643-6. Epub 2021 Feb 12. PMID- 33565127 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210416 LR - 20221207 IS - 1440-1681 (Electronic) IS - 0305-1870 (Print) IS - 0305-1870 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 5 DP - 2021 May TI - Role of the SphK-S1P-S1PRs pathway in invasion of the nervous system by SARS-CoV-2 infection. PG - 637-650 LID - 10.1111/1440-1681.13483 [doi] AB - Global spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still ongoing. Before an effective vaccine is available, the development of potential treatments for resultant coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is crucial. One of the disease hallmarks is hyper-inflammatory responses, which usually leads to a severe lung disease. Patients with COVID-19 also frequently suffer from neurological symptoms such as acute diffuse encephalomyelitis, brain injury and psychiatric complications. The metabolic pathway of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a dynamic regulator of various cell types and disease processes, including the nervous system. It has been demonstrated that S1P and its metabolic enzymes, regulating neuroinflammation and neurogenesis, exhibit important functions during viral infection. S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) analogues including AAL-R and RP-002 inhibit pathophysiological responses at the early stage of H1N1 virus infection and then play a protective role. Fingolimod (FTY720) is an S1P receptor modulator and is being tested for treating COVID-19. Our review provides an overview of SARS-CoV-2 infection and critical role of the SphK-S1P-SIPR pathway in invasion of SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in the central nervous system (CNS). This may help design therapeutic strategies based on the S1P-mediated signal transduction, and the adjuvant therapeutic effects of S1P analogues to limit or prevent the interaction between the host and SARS-CoV-2, block the spread of the SARS-CoV-2, and consequently treat related complications in the CNS. CI - (c) 2021 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. FAU - Pan, Yuehai AU - Pan Y AD - Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shangdong, China. FAU - Gao, Fei AU - Gao F AD - Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shangdong, China. FAU - Zhao, Shuai AU - Zhao S AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Han, Jinming AU - Han J AD - Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Chen, Fan AU - Chen F AD - Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shangdong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210222 PL - Australia TA - Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol JT - Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology JID - 0425076 RN - 0 (Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing) RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - 0 (S1PR1 protein, human) RN - 0 (SPHKAP protein, human) RN - 0 (Sphingosine 1 Phosphate Receptor Modulators) RN - 0 (Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors) SB - IM MH - Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/*metabolism MH - Antiviral Agents/pharmacology MH - COVID-19/*pathology MH - Humans MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Sphingosine 1 Phosphate Receptor Modulators/pharmacology MH - Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors/genetics/*metabolism MH - COVID-19 Drug Treatment PMC - PMC8014301 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ACE2 OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cytokine storm OT - immuno-modulators OT - sphingosine 1-phosphate COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2021/02/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/17 06:00 PMCR- 2021/02/22 CRDT- 2021/02/10 06:01 PHST- 2021/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/01/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/10 06:01 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CEP13483 [pii] AID - 10.1111/1440-1681.13483 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2021 May;48(5):637-650. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.13483. Epub 2021 Feb 22. PMID- 33559128 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210318 LR - 20250530 IS - 1600-065X (Electronic) IS - 0105-2896 (Print) IS - 0105-2896 (Linking) VI - 299 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jan TI - Human antiviral B cell responses: Emerging lessons from hepatitis B and COVID-19. PG - 108-117 LID - 10.1111/imr.12953 [doi] AB - Humoral immunity is a critical component of the coordinated response required to resolve viral infections and mediate protection following pathogen clearance or vaccination. A better understanding of factors shaping the memory B cell response will allow tailored development of efficient preventative vaccines against emerging acute viral infections, therapeutic vaccines, and immunotherapies for chronic viral infections. Here, we use recent data obtained by profiling antigen-specific B cell responses in hepatitis B as a framework to explore lessons that can be learnt from different viral infections about the diverse influences on humoral immunity. Hepatitis B provides a paradigm where successful B cell responses in resolved or vaccinated individuals can be contrasted to the failed response in chronic infection, while also exemplifying the degree to which B cell responses within infected individuals can differ to two antigens from the same virus. Drawing on studies in other human and murine infections, including emerging data from COVID-19, we consider the influence of antigen quantity and structure on the quality of the B cell response, the role of differential CD4 help, the importance of germinal center vs extrafollicular responses and the emerging concept that responses residing in non-lymphoid organs can participate in B cell memory. CI - (c) 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Burton, Alice R AU - Burton AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1049-1176 AD - Division of Infection and Immunity, UCL, London, UK. FAU - Maini, Mala K AU - Maini MK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6384-1462 AD - Division of Infection and Immunity, UCL, London, UK. LA - eng GR - 101849/Z/13/A/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20210208 PL - England TA - Immunol Rev JT - Immunological reviews JID - 7702118 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunodominant Epitopes) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral/*metabolism MH - Antibody Formation MH - Antigens, Viral/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Hepatitis B/*immunology MH - Hepatitis B virus/*physiology MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunodominant Epitopes/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2/*physiology MH - T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology PMC - PMC8014162 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - humoral immunity OT - memory B cell differentiation OT - viral infection COIS- MKM has received collaborative research funding from Gilead Sciences, F. Hoffmann-La Roche and Immunocore and has served as a consultant or on advisory boards for Gilead Sciences, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Immunocore and GSK. MKM and ARB have filed IP on a method to enhance HBV-specific immune responses. EDAT- 2021/02/10 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/19 06:00 PMCR- 2021/04/01 CRDT- 2021/02/09 06:38 PHST- 2020/12/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/09 06:38 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IMR12953 [pii] AID - 10.1111/imr.12953 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunol Rev. 2021 Jan;299(1):108-117. doi: 10.1111/imr.12953. Epub 2021 Feb 8. PMID- 33552508 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220420 IS - 2050-0068 (Print) IS - 2050-0068 (Electronic) IS - 2050-0068 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 2 DP - 2021 TI - Pattern of circulating SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody-secreting and memory B-cell generation in patients with acute COVID-19. PG - e1245 LID - 10.1002/cti2.1245 [doi] LID - e1245 AB - OBJECTIVES: To predict the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), information regarding the immunological memory for disease-specific antigens is necessary. The possibility of reinfection, as well as the efficacy of vaccines for COVID-19 that are currently under development, will largely depend on the quality and longevity of immunological memory in patients. To elucidate the process of humoral immunity development, we analysed the generation of plasmablasts and virus receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B (Bmem) cells in patients during the acute phase of COVID-19. METHODS: The frequencies of RBD-binding plasmablasts and RBD-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in the peripheral blood samples collected from patients with COVID-19 were measured using flow cytometry and the ELISpot assay. RESULTS: The acute phase of COVID-19 was characterised by the transient appearance of total as well as RBD-binding plasmablasts. ELISpot analysis indicated that most patients exhibited a spontaneous secretion of RBD-specific ASCs in the circulation with good correlation between the IgG and IgM subsets. IL-21/CD40L stimulation of purified B cells induced the activation and proliferation of Bmem cells, which led to the generation of plasmablast phenotypic cells as well as RBD-specific ASCs. No correlation was observed between the frequency of Bmem cell-derived and spontaneous ASCs, suggesting that the two types of ASCs were weakly associated with each other. CONCLUSION: Our findings reveal that SARS-CoV-2-specific Bmem cells are generated during the acute phase of COVID-19. These findings can serve as a basis for further studies on the longevity of SARS-CoV-2-specific B-cell memory. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology, Inc. FAU - Byazrova, Maria AU - Byazrova M AD - National Research Center Institute of Immunology of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia Moscow Russia. AD - Department of Immunology Faculty of Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia. FAU - Yusubalieva, Gaukhar AU - Yusubalieva G AD - Federal Research and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the FMBA of Russia Moscow Russia. FAU - Spiridonova, Anna AU - Spiridonova A AD - National Research Center Institute of Immunology of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia Moscow Russia. FAU - Efimov, Grigory AU - Efimov G AD - National Research Center for Hematology Moscow Russia. FAU - Mazurov, Dmitriy AU - Mazurov D AD - Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine Moscow Russia. FAU - Baranov, Konstantin AU - Baranov K AD - Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS Lomonosov Moscow State University Novosibirsk Russia. FAU - Baklaushev, Vladimir AU - Baklaushev V AD - Federal Research and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the FMBA of Russia Moscow Russia. FAU - Filatov, Alexander AU - Filatov A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6460-9427 AD - National Research Center Institute of Immunology of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia Moscow Russia. AD - Department of Immunology Faculty of Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210131 PL - Australia TA - Clin Transl Immunology JT - Clinical & translational immunology JID - 101638268 PMC - PMC7848539 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - antibody-secreting cell OT - memory B cell OT - plasmablast OT - virus-neutralising antibodies COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/02/09 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/09 06:01 PMCR- 2021/01/31 CRDT- 2021/02/08 05:38 PHST- 2020/10/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/01/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/08 05:38 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/09 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CTI21245 [pii] AID - 10.1002/cti2.1245 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Transl Immunology. 2021 Jan 31;10(2):e1245. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1245. eCollection 2021. PMID- 33542058 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210310 LR - 20210310 IS - 1399-3003 (Electronic) IS - 0903-1936 (Print) IS - 0903-1936 (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Feb TI - Ethical obligations for supporting healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. LID - 10.1183/13993003.00124-2021 [doi] LID - 2100124 AB - Based on considerations of justice, healthcare workers must be able to rely on support and protection from the societies in which they work. Prioritisation of healthcare workers for vaccines may be a way to maintain a functioning healthcare system. https://bit.ly/3pouzQu FAU - Supady, Alexander AU - Supady A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4056-3652 AD - Dept of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany alexander.supady@universitaets-herzzentrum.de. AD - Dept of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. FAU - Curtis, J Randall AU - Curtis JR AD - Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence at UW Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. AD - Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Brown, Crystal E AU - Brown CE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1223-7422 AD - Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence at UW Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. AD - Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. AD - Dept of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Duerschmied, Daniel AU - Duerschmied D AD - Dept of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - Dept of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - von Zepelin, Lyn Anne AU - von Zepelin LA AD - Dept of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. AD - Dept of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Moss, Marc AU - Moss M AD - Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Brodie, Daniel AU - Brodie D AD - Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA. AD - Center for Acute Respiratory Failure, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Letter DEP - 20210225 PL - England TA - Eur Respir J JT - The European respiratory journal JID - 8803460 SB - IM MH - Allied Health Personnel/organization & administration MH - Burnout, Professional/prevention & control MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/psychology/therapy MH - *Compassion Fatigue/etiology/prevention & control MH - *Health Personnel/ethics/psychology MH - Humans MH - Moral Obligations MH - *Occupational Stress/etiology/prevention & control MH - Psychosocial Functioning MH - *Psychosocial Support Systems MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - *Stress, Psychological/etiology/prevention & control PMC - PMC7861049 OAB - During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, some healthcare facilities have, at times, reached the limits of their capacity to handle the surge in patient volume. Hospital beds and other medical resources became scarce as a consequence. Healthcare workers (HCWs), both clinical and non-clinical, were required to increase their workload, under extremely stressful circumstances. OABL- eng COIS- Conflict of interest: A. Supady reports grants and personal fees for lectures from CytoSorbents, personal fees for lectures from Abiomed, outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: J.R. Curtis reports grants and personal fees from Cambia Health Foundation, grants from National Institutes of Health and National Palliative Care Research Center, outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: C.E. Brown has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: D. Duerschmied has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: L.A. von Zepelin has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Moss has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: D. Brodie reports grants from ALung Technologies, personal fees for advisory board work from Baxter, Xenios and Abiomed, and other (unpaid consultancy) from Hemovent, outside the submitted work. EDAT- 2021/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/11 06:00 PMCR- 2021/02/04 CRDT- 2021/02/05 05:46 PHST- 2021/01/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/05 05:46 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 13993003.00124-2021 [pii] AID - ERJ-00124-2021 [pii] AID - 10.1183/13993003.00124-2021 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur Respir J. 2021 Feb 25;57(2):2100124. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00124-2021. Print 2021 Feb. PMID- 35507705 STAT- Publisher ISBN- 9791280325372 PB - Milano University Press DP - 2021 Feb BTI - NEUROLOGY OF COVID-19 AB - The authors will present a comprehensive account of the neurological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim is to provide a practical clinical book which will serve as a guide for clinicians from all specialties involved in the management of COVID-19 patients. The authors share the extensive clinical experience gained in major hospitals in Lombardy, the first European region to face the COVID-19 emergency in 2020. All are recognized international experts in their respective fields and have been involved in the management of COVID-19 cases from the very beginning of the Italian SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. The text begins with a description of pathobiological and pathophysiological aspects related to the involvement of the nervous system, moving on to the discussion of the neurological complications observed in COVID-19 patients; these range from central to peripheral symptoms, and can occur in the acute or post-acute phases of the disease. Further topics are: neuropathology, seizures and EEG, neuroimaging, delirium, encephalomyelitis, stroke, psychopathology and psychiatry, neuropsychology and cognitive impairment, neuromuscu-lar disorders, and the impact of COVID-19 on other pre-existing neurological disorders. In addi-tion, the book will discuss the new developments in teleneurology approaches, which have been a direct response to the ongoing pandemic. Finally, the possible neurological complications of the COVID-19 vaccines and the neurological complications in children will be considered. Each chapter will present a critical review of the existing literature concerning the specific subject matter, followed by practical clinical recommendations, as well as personal considerations based on the experience gained by each author during the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. "Neurology of COVID-19" will be an original and innovative reference book for clinicians of all the specialties involved in the management of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Milano University Press. FED - Priori, Alberto ED - Priori A LA - eng PT - Review PT - Book PL - Milano EDAT- 2021/02/01 00:00 CRDT- 2021/02/01 00:00 AID - NBK579777 [bookaccession] AID - 10.54103/milanoup.57 [doi] PMID- 33513337 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210223 LR - 20221221 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Feb 9 TI - B cell memory: understanding COVID-19. PG - 205-210 LID - S1074-7613(21)00037-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.014 [doi] AB - Immunological memory is a mechanism to protect us against reinfection. Antibodies produced by B cells are integral to this defense strategy and underlie virtually all vaccine success. Here, we explain how B cells memory is generated by infection and vaccination, what influences its efficacy and its persistence, and how characterizing these parameters in the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) will help achieve protective immunity through vaccination. CI - Crown Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Quast, Isaak AU - Quast I AD - Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia. FAU - Tarlinton, David AU - Tarlinton D AD - Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia. Electronic address: david.tarlinton@monash.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20210123 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Plasma Cells/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Vaccination MH - Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology PMC - PMC7826135 COIS- Declaration of Interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/01/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/24 06:00 PMCR- 2021/01/23 CRDT- 2021/01/29 20:05 PHST- 2021/01/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/29 20:05 [entrez] PHST- 2021/01/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(21)00037-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.014 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2021 Feb 9;54(2):205-210. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.014. Epub 2021 Jan 23. PMID- 33462560 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240330 IS - 2211-3797 (Electronic) IS - 2211-3797 (Linking) VI - 21 DP - 2021 Feb TI - Forecasting of COVID-19 cases using deep learning models: Is it reliable and practically significant? PG - 103817 LID - 10.1016/j.rinp.2021.103817 [doi] AB - The ongoing outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic prevails as an ultimatum to the global economic growth and henceforth, all of society since neither a curing drug nor a preventing vaccine is discovered. The spread of COVID-19 is increasing day by day, imposing human lives and economy at risk. Due to the increased enormity of the number of COVID-19 cases, the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is imperative in the current scenario. AI would be a powerful tool to fight against this pandemic outbreak by predicting the number of cases in advance. Deep learning-based time series techniques are considered to predict world-wide COVID-19 cases in advance for short-term and medium-term dependencies with adaptive learning. Initially, the data pre-processing and feature extraction is made with the real world COVID-19 dataset. Subsequently, the prediction of cumulative confirmed, death and recovered global cases are modelled with Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Stacked Long Short-Term Memory (SLSTM) and Prophet approaches. For long-term forecasting of COVID-19 cases, multivariate LSTM models is employed. The performance metrics are computed for all the models and the prediction results are subjected to comparative analysis to identify the most reliable model. From the results, it is evident that the Stacked LSTM algorithm yields higher accuracy with an error of less than 2% as compared to the other considered algorithms for the studied performance metrics. Country-specific analysis and city-specific analysis of COVID-19 cases for India and Chennai, respectively, are predicted and analyzed in detail. Also, statistical hypothesis analysis and correlation analysis are done on the COVID-19 datasets by including the features like temperature, rainfall, population, total infected cases, area and population density during the months of May, June, July and August to find out the best suitable model. Further, practical significance of predicting COVID-19 cases is elucidated in terms of assessing pandemic characteristics, scenario planning, optimization of models and supporting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). CI - (c) 2021 The Author(s). FAU - Devaraj, Jayanthi AU - Devaraj J AD - Department of Information Technology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Chennai 602117, India. FAU - Madurai Elavarasan, Rajvikram AU - Madurai Elavarasan R AD - Clean and Resilient Energy Systems (CARES) Laboratory, Texas A&M University, Galveston, TX 77553, USA. FAU - Pugazhendhi, Rishi AU - Pugazhendhi R AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Chennai 602117, India. FAU - Shafiullah, G M AU - Shafiullah GM AD - Discipline of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. FAU - Ganesan, Sumathi AU - Ganesan S AD - Department of Information Technology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Chennai 602117, India. FAU - Jeysree, Ajay Kaarthic AU - Jeysree AK AD - Department of Information Technology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Chennai 602117, India. FAU - Khan, Irfan Ahmad AU - Khan IA AD - Clean and Resilient Energy Systems (CARES) Laboratory, Texas A&M University, Galveston, TX 77553, USA. FAU - Hossain, Eklas AU - Hossain E AD - Department of Electrical Engineering and Renewable Energy, Oregon Renewable Energy Center (OREC), Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, OR 97601, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210114 PL - Netherlands TA - Results Phys JT - Results in physics JID - 101731363 PMC - PMC7806459 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ARIMA OT - Artificial Intelligence (AI) OT - COVID-19 pandemic OT - Deep learning OT - Long short-term memory OT - Prophet OT - Stacked LSTM OT - Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/01/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/20 06:01 PMCR- 2021/01/14 CRDT- 2021/01/19 05:58 PHST- 2020/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/12/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/01/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/01/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/20 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/19 05:58 [entrez] PHST- 2021/01/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-3797(21)00004-8 [pii] AID - 103817 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.rinp.2021.103817 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Results Phys. 2021 Feb;21:103817. doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2021.103817. Epub 2021 Jan 14. PMID- 33460486 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211026 LR - 20230916 IS - 1468-1331 (Electronic) IS - 1351-5101 (Print) IS - 1351-5101 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Nov TI - A plea for equitable global access to COVID-19 diagnostics, vaccination and therapy: The NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force of the European Academy of Neurology. PG - 3849-3855 LID - 10.1111/ene.14741 [doi] AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a multi-organ disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues to challenge health and care systems around the globe. The pandemic has disrupted acute neurology services and routine patient care and has impacted the clinical course in patients with chronic neurological disease. COVID-19 appears to have exposed inequalities of societies and healthcare systems and had a disproportionate impact on already vulnerable communities. The next challenge will be to set up initiatives to stop disparities in all aspects related to COVID-19. From the medical perspective, there is a need to consider inequalities in prevention, treatment and long-term consequences. Some of the issues of direct relevance to neurologists are summarised. With this appraisal, the European Academy of Neurology NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force intends to raise awareness of the potential impact of COVID-19 on inequalities in healthcare and calls for action to prevent disparity at individual, national and supranational levels. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology. FAU - Sellner, Johann AU - Sellner J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8749-5533 AD - Department of Neurology, Landesklinikum Mistelbach-Ganserndorf, Mistelbach, Austria. AD - Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. AD - Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Germany. FAU - Jenkins, Thomas M AU - Jenkins TM AD - Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. AD - Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK. FAU - von Oertzen, Tim J AU - von Oertzen TJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2164-7842 AD - Faculty of Medicine, Johannes-Kepler Universitat, Linz, Austria. AD - Department of Neurology 1, Kepler Universitatsklinikum, Linz, Austria. FAU - Bassetti, Claudio L AU - Bassetti CL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4535-0245 AD - Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. FAU - Beghi, Ettore AU - Beghi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2542-0469 AD - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bereczki, Daniel AU - Bereczki D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8374-0500 AD - Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. FAU - Bodini, Benedetta AU - Bodini B AD - Department of Neurology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, APHP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France. FAU - Cavallieri, Francesco AU - Cavallieri F AD - Neurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy. AD - Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Di Liberto, Giovanni AU - Di Liberto G AD - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Helbok, Raimund AU - Helbok R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5682-0145 AD - Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. FAU - Macerollo, Antonella AU - Macerollo A AD - Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. AD - School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Maia, Luis F AU - Maia LF AD - Department of Neurology, Hospital Santo Antonio, Centro Hospitalar Universitario do Porto, Porto, Portugal. AD - i3S - Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Oreja-Guevara, Celia AU - Oreja-Guevara C AD - Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. AD - Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM, Madrid, Spain. AD - IdISSC, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Ozturk, Serefnur AU - Ozturk S AD - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. FAU - Rakusa, Martin AU - Rakusa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4433-3985 AD - Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia. FAU - Pisani, Antonio AU - Pisani A AD - Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Priori, Alberto AU - Priori A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1549-3851 AD - Division of Neurology, Department of Neurology, 'Aldo Ravelli' Research Center, University of Milan and ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy. FAU - Sauerbier, Anna AU - Sauerbier A AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. AD - King's College Hospital, National Parkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence, London, UK. FAU - Soffietti, Riccardo AU - Soffietti R AD - Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. FAU - Taba, Pille AU - Taba P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5439-1022 AD - Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. FAU - Zedde, Marialuisa AU - Zedde M AD - Neurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy. AD - Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Crean, Michael AU - Crean M AD - European Academy of Neurology (EAN) Head Office, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Burlica, Anja AU - Burlica A AD - European Academy of Neurology (EAN) Head Office, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Twardzik, Alex AU - Twardzik A AD - European Academy of Neurology (EAN) Head Office, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Moro, Elena AU - Moro E AD - Division of Neurology, CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France. CN - EAN NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210205 PL - England TA - Eur J Neurol JT - European journal of neurology JID - 9506311 SB - IM MH - *COVID-19 MH - Humans MH - *Neurology MH - Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Vaccination PMC - PMC8014664 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - advocacy OT - disparity OT - equitable global health OT - neurology OT - primary prevention COIS- None. EDAT- 2021/01/19 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/27 06:00 PMCR- 2021/02/05 CRDT- 2021/01/18 17:06 PHST- 2021/01/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/01/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/18 17:06 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ENE14741 [pii] AID - 10.1111/ene.14741 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Neurol. 2021 Nov;28(11):3849-3855. doi: 10.1111/ene.14741. Epub 2021 Feb 5. PMID- 33443036 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210122 LR - 20210220 IS - 2470-9468 (Electronic) IS - 2470-9468 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 54 DP - 2020 Dec 22 TI - Rapid generation of durable B cell memory to SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in COVID-19 and convalescence. LID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abf8891 [doi] LID - eabf8891 AB - Lasting immunity following SARS-CoV-2 infection is questioned because serum antibodies decline in convalescence. However, functional immunity is mediated by long-lived memory T and B (Bmem) cells. Therefore, we generated fluorescently-labeled tetramers of the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid protein (NCP) to determine the longevity and immunophenotype of SARS-CoV-2-specific Bmem cells in COVID-19 patients. A total of 36 blood samples were obtained from 25 COVID-19 patients between 4 and 242 days post-symptom onset including 11 paired samples. While serum IgG to RBD and NCP was identified in all patients, antibody levels began declining at 20 days post-symptom onset. RBD- and NCP-specific Bmem cells predominantly expressed IgM(+) or IgG1(+) and continued to rise until 150 days. RBD-specific IgG(+) Bmem were predominantly CD27(+), and numbers significantly correlated with circulating follicular helper T cell numbers. Thus, the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response contracts in convalescence with persistence of RBD- and NCP-specific Bmem cells. Flow cytometric detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific Bmem cells enables detection of long-term immune memory following infection or vaccination for COVID-19. CI - Copyright (c) 2020, American Association for the Advancement of Science. FAU - Hartley, Gemma E AU - Hartley GE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3174-231X AD - Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Edwards, Emily S J AU - Edwards ESJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0240-4370 AD - Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Aui, Pei M AU - Aui PM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2314-9989 AD - Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Varese, Nirupama AU - Varese N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9074-3710 AD - Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Stojanovic, Stephanie AU - Stojanovic S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8269-367X AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - McMahon, James AU - McMahon J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1460-5572 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred and Central Clinical school, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Peleg, Anton Y AU - Peleg AY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2296-2126 AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred and Central Clinical school, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Boo, Irene AU - Boo I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0923-0972 AD - Viral Entry and Vaccines Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - Drummer, Heidi E AU - Drummer HE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0042-6277 AD - Viral Entry and Vaccines Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. FAU - Hogarth, P Mark AU - Hogarth PM AD - Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. FAU - O'Hehir, Robyn E AU - O'Hehir RE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3489-7595 AD - Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Department of Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. AD - Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. FAU - van Zelm, Menno C AU - van Zelm MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4161-1919 AD - Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. menno.vanzelm@monash.edu. AD - Department of Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Sci Immunol JT - Science immunology JID - 101688624 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (Phosphoproteins) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (nucleocapsid phosphoprotein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antibodies, Viral/blood MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/blood/*immunology MH - Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/*immunology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Immunoglobulin M/blood MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Phosphoproteins/immunology MH - Protein Domains/immunology MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology PMC - PMC7877496 EDAT- 2021/01/15 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/23 06:00 PMCR- 2021/02/11 CRDT- 2021/01/14 08:45 PHST- 2020/11/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/12/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/01/14 08:45 [entrez] PHST- 2021/01/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 5/54/eabf8891 [pii] AID - abf8891 [pii] AID - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abf8891 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Immunol. 2020 Dec 22;5(54):eabf8891. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abf8891. PMID- 33408181 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210212 LR - 20250927 IS - 1095-9203 (Electronic) IS - 0036-8075 (Print) IS - 0036-8075 (Linking) VI - 371 IP - 6529 DP - 2021 Feb 5 TI - Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection. LID - 10.1126/science.abf4063 [doi] LID - eabf4063 AB - Understanding immune memory to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for improving diagnostics and vaccines and for assessing the likely future course of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed multiple compartments of circulating immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 in 254 samples from 188 COVID-19 cases, including 43 samples at >/=6 months after infection. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) to the spike protein was relatively stable over 6+ months. Spike-specific memory B cells were more abundant at 6 months than at 1 month after symptom onset. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells declined with a half-life of 3 to 5 months. By studying antibody, memory B cell, CD4(+) T cell, and CD8(+) T cell memory to SARS-CoV-2 in an integrated manner, we observed that each component of SARS-CoV-2 immune memory exhibited distinct kinetics. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. FAU - Dan, Jennifer M AU - Dan JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1672-0657 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Mateus, Jose AU - Mateus J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1402-3452 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Kato, Yu AU - Kato Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4743-1775 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Hastie, Kathryn M AU - Hastie KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3406-1210 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Yu, Esther Dawen AU - Yu ED AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3970-3753 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Faliti, Caterina E AU - Faliti CE AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Grifoni, Alba AU - Grifoni A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2209-5966 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Ramirez, Sydney I AU - Ramirez SI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7166-5195 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Haupt, Sonya AU - Haupt S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8371-3713 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Frazier, April AU - Frazier A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4722-7304 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Nakao, Catherine AU - Nakao C AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Rayaprolu, Vamseedhar AU - Rayaprolu V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2823-2984 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Rawlings, Stephen A AU - Rawlings SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3637-1447 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Peters, Bjoern AU - Peters B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8457-6693 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Krammer, Florian AU - Krammer F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4121-776X AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. FAU - Simon, Viviana AU - Simon V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6416-5096 AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. AD - The Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. FAU - Saphire, Erica Ollmann AU - Saphire EO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1206-7451 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Smith, Davey M AU - Smith DM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3603-1733 AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Weiskopf, Daniela AU - Weiskopf D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2968-7371 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. shane@lji.org alex@lji.org daniela@lji.org. FAU - Sette, Alessandro AU - Sette A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7013-2250 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. shane@lji.org alex@lji.org daniela@lji.org. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. FAU - Crotty, Shane AU - Crotty S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6484-6262 AD - Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. shane@lji.org alex@lji.org daniela@lji.org. AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. LA - eng GR - HHSN272201400008C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA260541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI007384/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI135193/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 75N93019C00051/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - K08 AI135078/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI142742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI141995/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI007036/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20210106 PL - United States TA - Science JT - Science (New York, N.Y.) JID - 0404511 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2020 Dec 18:2020.11.15.383323. doi: 10.1101/2020.11.15.383323. PMID: 33442687 MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - United States MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7919858 EDAT- 2021/01/08 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/13 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/01 CRDT- 2021/01/07 06:00 PHST- 2020/10/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/12/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/01/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/07 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - science.abf4063 [pii] AID - abf4063 [pii] AID - 10.1126/science.abf4063 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Science. 2021 Feb 5;371(6529):eabf4063. doi: 10.1126/science.abf4063. Epub 2021 Jan 6. PMID- 33406391 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210125 LR - 20210127 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jan 12 TI - T Cell Memory: Understanding COVID-19. PG - 14-18 LID - S1074-7613(20)30537-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.12.009 [doi] AB - As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has progressed, increasing attention has focused on establishing natural and vaccine-induced immunity against this coronavirus and the disease, COVID-19, that it causes. In this Primer, we explain the fundamental features of T cell memory and their potential relevance for effective immunity to SARS-CoV-2. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Jarjour, Nicholas N AU - Jarjour NN AD - Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Masopust, David AU - Masopust D AD - Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. FAU - Jameson, Stephen C AU - Jameson SC AD - Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address: james024@umn.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 AI038903/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R29 AI038903/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R37 AI038903/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20201219 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) SB - IM MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/pathology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Heterologous MH - Immunity, Innate MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology PMC - PMC7749639 EDAT- 2021/01/07 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/26 06:00 PMCR- 2020/12/19 CRDT- 2021/01/06 20:03 PHST- 2021/01/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/06 20:03 [entrez] PHST- 2020/12/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(20)30537-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.12.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2021 Jan 12;54(1):14-18. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.12.009. Epub 2020 Dec 19. PMID- 33393415 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210216 LR - 20210216 IS - 1532-4230 (Electronic) IS - 1532-1819 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Nov 1 TI - Immunotherapies and COVID-19 related Neurological manifestations: A Comprehensive Review Article. PG - 960-975 LID - 10.1080/15321819.2020.1865400 [doi] AB - In December 2019, an outbreak of pandemic severe respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) initially occurred in China, has spread the world resulted in serious threats to human public health. Uncommon neurological manifestations with pathophysiological symptoms were observed in infected patients including headache, seizures, and neuroimmunological disorders. Regardless of whether these neurological symptoms are direct or indirect casual infection relationship, this novel viral infection has a relevant impact on the neuroimmune system that requires a neurologist's careful assessment. Recently, the use of immunotherapy has been emerged in fighting against COVID-19 infection despite the uncertain efficiency in managing COVID-19 related disorders or even its proven failure by increasing its severity. Herein, the author is addressing the first approaches in using immunotherapies in controlling COVID-19 viral impact on the brain by highlighting their role in decreasing or increasing infection risks among subjects. This point of view review article supports the use of immunotherapies in managing COVID-19 neurological disorders but in optimal timing and duration to ensure the maximum therapeutic outcome by reducing morbidity and mortality rate. Based on recently published data, the current review article highlights the beneficial effects and drawbacks of using immunotherapies to combat COVID-19 and its neurological symptoms. FAU - Anwar, Mai M AU - Anwar MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1991-2945 AD - Department of Biochemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (Nodcar)/egyptian Drug Authority , Cairo, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210103 PL - England TA - J Immunoassay Immunochem JT - Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry JID - 100963688 RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Glucocorticoids) RN - 0 (IL6 protein, human) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulins, Intravenous) RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 47M74X9YT5 (Cladribine) RN - 77238-31-4 (Interferon-beta) SB - IM MH - Brain/pathology MH - COVID-19/complications/*immunology/*therapy MH - Cladribine/therapeutic use MH - Cytokine Release Syndrome/therapy/*virology MH - Cytokines/immunology MH - Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use MH - Headache/virology MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use MH - Immunotherapy/*methods MH - Interferon-beta/immunology MH - Interleukin-6/immunology MH - Nervous System Diseases/*immunology/*therapy/virology MH - Pandemics OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - cytokines storm OT - immunotherapies OT - inflammation OT - neurological disorders OT - vaccines EDAT- 2021/01/05 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/17 06:00 CRDT- 2021/01/04 08:50 PHST- 2021/01/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/04 08:50 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/15321819.2020.1865400 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2020 Nov 1;41(6):960-975. doi: 10.1080/15321819.2020.1865400. Epub 2021 Jan 3. PMID- 33352097 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240330 IS - 2149-2530 (Electronic) IS - 2148-7197 (Print) IS - 2148-7197 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Nov TI - Covid-19: The Biggest Threat of the 21(st) Century: In Respectful Memory of the Warriors All Over the World. PG - 409-418 LID - 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20069 [doi] AB - Since the first case was diagnosed in China, the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has become the number one issue in the world and it seems to remain trend-topic for a long time. Until 17 April, it affected 210 countries, infected over 2 million people and caused approximately 150000 deaths. Although the course of the disease ranges from asymptomatic state to severe ARDS; the majority of patients reveal only mild symptoms. Though adults are the most commonly affected group; it can also be seen in newborns and elderly patients. Unfortunately, elderly patients are the most vulnerable group with higher mortality. Elderly patients, smokers and patients with comorbid conditions are most affected by the disease. In certain diagnostical tool is the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) test. However, it can be resulted in false-negative results and in this case the computed thorax tomography (CT) is one of the most important tools with high sensitivity. Besides the supportive treatment, most commonly used agents are immunomodulatory drugs such as plaquenil and azitromycin, and anti-virals including oseltamivir, ritonavir-lopinavir, favipiravir. Until a vaccine or a specific therapy invented, the most important intervention to control the disease is to fight against transmission. This is a real war and the doctors are the soldiers. FAU - Karcioglu, Oguz AU - Karcioglu O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6071-0851 AD - Clinic of Chest Diseases, Cubuk Halil Sivgin State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Yuksel, Aycan AU - Yuksel A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0183-6232 AD - Department of Chest Diseases, Ufuk University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Baha, Ayse AU - Baha A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9649-250X AD - Department of Chest Diseases, Near East University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey. FAU - Er, Aslihan Banu AU - Er AB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7832-6233 AD - Clinic of Chest Diseases, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey. FAU - Esendagli, Dorina AU - Esendagli D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6619-2952 AD - Department of Chest Diseases, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara Turkey. FAU - Gulhan, Pinar Yildiz AU - Gulhan PY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5347-2365 AD - Department of Chest Diseases, Duzce University School of Medicine, Duzce, Turkey. FAU - Karaoglanoglu, Selen AU - Karaoglanoglu S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9274-6237 AD - Department of Chest Diseases, Ordu University School of Medicine, Ordu, Turkey. FAU - Ercelik, Merve AU - Ercelik M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4597-7168 AD - Department of Chest Diseases, Duzce University School of Medicine, Duzce, Turkey. FAU - Serifoglu, Irem AU - Serifoglu I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8623-6054 AD - Clinic of Chest Diseases, Kirikhan State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey. FAU - Yildiz, Ethem AU - Yildiz E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4433-4278 AD - Clinic of Chest Diseases, Bingol State Hospital, Bingol, Turkey. FAU - Kokturk, Nurdan AU - Kokturk N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2889-7265 AD - Department of Chest Diseases, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20201101 PL - Turkey TA - Turk Thorac J JT - Turkish thoracic journal JID - 101648545 PMC - PMC7752102 COIS- Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2020/12/23 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/23 06:01 PMCR- 2020/11/01 CRDT- 2020/12/22 20:07 PHST- 2020/04/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/22 20:07 [entrez] PHST- 2020/12/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/23 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - TurkThoracJ.2020.20069 [pii] AID - ttj-21-6-409 [pii] AID - 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20069 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Turk Thorac J. 2020 Nov;21(6):409-418. doi: 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20069. Epub 2020 Nov 1. PMID- 33338412 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210125 LR - 20210129 IS - 1097-4180 (Electronic) IS - 1074-7613 (Print) IS - 1074-7613 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jan 12 TI - PD-1-Expressing SARS-CoV-2-Specific CD8(+) T Cells Are Not Exhausted, but Functional in Patients with COVID-19. PG - 44-52.e3 LID - S1074-7613(20)30509-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.12.002 [doi] AB - Memory T cell responses have been demonstrated in COVID-19 convalescents, but ex vivo phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells have been unclear. We detected SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8(+) T cells by MHC class I multimer staining and examined their phenotypes and functions in acute and convalescent COVID-19. Multimer(+) cells exhibited early differentiated effector-memory phenotypes in the early convalescent phase. The frequency of stem-like memory cells was increased among multimer(+) cells in the late convalescent phase. Cytokine secretion assays combined with MHC class I multimer staining revealed that the proportion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing cells was significantly lower among SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8(+) T cells than those specific to influenza A virus. Importantly, the proportion of IFN-gamma-producing cells was higher in PD-1(+) cells than PD-1(-) cells among multimer(+) cells, indicating that PD-1-expressing, SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8(+) T cells are not exhausted, but functional. Our current findings provide information for understanding of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8(+) T cells elicited by infection or vaccination. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Rha, Min-Seok AU - Rha MS AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeong, Hye Won AU - Jeong HW AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ko, Jae-Hoon AU - Ko JH AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Seong Jin AU - Choi SJ AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Seo, In-Ho AU - Seo IH AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Jeong Seok AU - Lee JS AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; GENOME INSIGHT Inc., Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea. FAU - Sa, Moa AU - Sa M AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST Institute, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, A Reum AU - Kim AR AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Joo, Eun-Jeong AU - Joo EJ AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Jin Young AU - Ahn JY AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jung Ho AU - Kim JH AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. FAU - Song, Kyoung-Ho AU - Song KH AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Eu Suk AU - Kim ES AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Dong Hyun AU - Oh DH AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul 02053, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Mi Young AU - Ahn MY AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul 02053, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Hee Kyoung AU - Choi HK AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jeon, Ji Hoon AU - Jeon JH AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Jae-Phil AU - Choi JP AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul 02053, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hong Bin AU - Kim HB AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Young Keun AU - Kim YK AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Su-Hyung AU - Park SH AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST Institute, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Won Suk AU - Choi WS AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: cmcws@korea.ac.kr. FAU - Choi, Jun Yong AU - Choi JY AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: seran@yuhs.ac. FAU - Peck, Kyong Ran AU - Peck KR AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: krpeck@skku.edu. FAU - Shin, Eui-Cheol AU - Shin EC AD - Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST Institute, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ecshin@kaist.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20201214 PL - United States TA - Immunity JT - Immunity JID - 9432918 RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class I) RN - 0 (IFNG protein, human) RN - 0 (PDCD1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) SB - IM MH - Acute-Phase Reaction/immunology/virology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/pathology/virology MH - Convalescence MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte MH - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Immunophenotyping MH - Interferon-gamma/metabolism MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/*metabolism MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - Viral Load PMC - PMC7834198 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8(+) T cell OT - COVID-19 OT - IFN-gamma OT - MHC class I multimer OT - Memory T cell OT - PD-1 OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Declaration of Interests The authors have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2020/12/19 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/26 06:00 PMCR- 2020/12/14 CRDT- 2020/12/18 20:09 PHST- 2020/08/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/11/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/12/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/12/18 20:09 [entrez] PHST- 2020/12/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1074-7613(20)30509-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.12.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunity. 2021 Jan 12;54(1):44-52.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.12.002. Epub 2020 Dec 14. PMID- 33320027 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210226 LR - 20210226 IS - 1464-0686 (Electronic) IS - 0965-8211 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jan TI - How does social distancing during COVID-19 affect negative moods and memory? PG - 90-97 LID - 10.1080/09658211.2020.1857774 [doi] AB - In the absence of an effective vaccine or treatment, the current best defence against COVID-19 is social distancing - staying at home as much as possible, keeping distance from others, and avoiding large gatherings. Although social distancing improves physical health in terms of helping to reduce viral transmission, its psychological consequences are less clear, particularly its effects on memory. In this research, we investigated the effect of social distancing duration on negative moods and memory. The relation between social distancing duration and both negative mood and memory errors followed the same U-shaped function: negative moods and memory errors initially decreased as social distancing duration increased, and then at approximately 30 days, they began to increase. Subsequent analyses indicated that memory errors were mediated by lonely mood in particular. Thus, short-term social distancing might benefit psychological well-being and memory performance, but extended social distancing has a negative impact on mood and memory. FAU - Zhang, Weiwei AU - Zhang W AD - Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. FAU - Gao, Fei AU - Gao F AD - Department of Marketing, Bentley University, Waltham, MA, USA. FAU - Gross, Julien AU - Gross J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3849-5929 AD - Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. FAU - Shrum, L J AU - Shrum LJ AD - Department of Marketing, HEC Paris, Jouy en Josas, France. FAU - Hayne, Harlene AU - Hayne H AD - Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20201215 PL - England TA - Memory JT - Memory (Hove, England) JID - 9306862 SB - IM MH - COVID-19/*psychology MH - Humans MH - Memory/*physiology MH - *Physical Distancing OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - false memory OT - negative mood OT - social distancing OT - social isolation EDAT- 2020/12/16 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/27 06:00 CRDT- 2020/12/15 12:11 PHST- 2020/12/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/12/15 12:11 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09658211.2020.1857774 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Memory. 2021 Jan;29(1):90-97. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2020.1857774. Epub 2020 Dec 15. PMID- 33304288 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240330 IS - 1664-0640 (Print) IS - 1664-0640 (Electronic) IS - 1664-0640 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2020 TI - A Survey for Examining the Effects of COVID-19 and Infection Control Measures in Older Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia and Their Caregivers. PG - 599851 LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.599851 [doi] LID - 599851 AB - Background: During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, many non-urgent outpatient services in Italy were closed due to the Government-enforced lockdown period. So far, little is known about what effect the pandemic, quarantine measures, and reductions in medical services had on people with cognitive impairment and their caregivers. Objectives: To develop two versions (i.e., patients and informants/caregivers) of a survey designed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic during the first Italian lockdown period (11 March -4 May 2020) on Memory Clinic outpatients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or dementia, and their caregivers. Design: Psychiatrists, neuropsychologists, and epidemiologists developed two versions: one for patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and other cognitive disorders, the other for their relatives and/or caregivers. Each version of the survey includes five sections: (a) socio-demographic information and access to technology devices; (b) individual COVID-19 protection methods; (c) knowledge about COVID-19; (d) the effect of COVID-19 on daily life; and (e) the effect of COVID-19 on emotional state. Conclusion: Until an effective vaccine is developed it is likely that future waves of COVID-19 will result in shielding of vulnerable older adults. We believe that this instrument will be useful as a tool to collect information and help clinicians to promptly respond to changes in patients' cognitive, psychiatric, and somatic health needs, and to help for future planning in possible subsequent quarantine periods. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Porcari, Palmer, Spalletta, Ciullo and Banaj. FAU - Porcari, Desiree E AU - Porcari DE AD - Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy. AD - Department of Neuroscience, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. FAU - Palmer, Katie AU - Palmer K AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. FAU - Spalletta, Gianfranco AU - Spalletta G AD - Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy. AD - Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States. FAU - Ciullo, Valentina AU - Ciullo V AD - Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy. FAU - Banaj, Nerisa AU - Banaj N AD - Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201116 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychiatry JT - Frontiers in psychiatry JID - 101545006 PMC - PMC7701287 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - MCI OT - SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus OT - caregivers OT - dementia OT - mild cognitive impairment OT - neurocognitive disorders OT - neuropsychiatric symptoms EDAT- 2020/12/12 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/12 06:01 PMCR- 2020/11/16 CRDT- 2020/12/11 06:02 PHST- 2020/08/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/11 06:02 [entrez] PHST- 2020/12/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.599851 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychiatry. 2020 Nov 16;11:599851. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.599851. eCollection 2020. PMID- 33296701 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210115 LR - 20250905 IS - 1097-4172 (Electronic) IS - 0092-8674 (Print) IS - 0092-8674 (Linking) VI - 184 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jan 7 TI - Functional SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immune Memory Persists after Mild COVID-19. PG - 169-183.e17 LID - S0092-8674(20)31565-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.029 [doi] AB - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is causing a global pandemic, and cases continue to rise. Most infected individuals experience mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is unknown whether this can induce persistent immune memory that could contribute to immunity. We performed a longitudinal assessment of individuals recovered from mild COVID-19 to determine whether they develop and sustain multifaceted SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological memory. Recovered individuals developed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies, neutralizing plasma, and memory B and memory T cells that persisted for at least 3 months. Our data further reveal that SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG memory B cells increased over time. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes exhibited characteristics associated with potent antiviral function: memory T cells secreted cytokines and expanded upon antigen re-encounter, whereas memory B cells expressed receptors capable of neutralizing virus when expressed as monoclonal antibodies. Therefore, mild COVID-19 elicits memory lymphocytes that persist and display functional hallmarks of antiviral immunity. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Rodda, Lauren B AU - Rodda LB AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Netland, Jason AU - Netland J AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Shehata, Laila AU - Shehata L AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Pruner, Kurt B AU - Pruner KB AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Morawski, Peter A AU - Morawski PA AD - Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Thouvenel, Christopher D AU - Thouvenel CD AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Takehara, Kennidy K AU - Takehara KK AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Eggenberger, Julie AU - Eggenberger J AD - Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Hemann, Emily A AU - Hemann EA AD - Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Waterman, Hayley R AU - Waterman HR AD - Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Fahning, Mitchell L AU - Fahning ML AD - Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Chen, Yu AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Hale, Malika AU - Hale M AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Rathe, Jennifer AU - Rathe J AD - Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Stokes, Caleb AU - Stokes C AD - Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Wrenn, Samuel AU - Wrenn S AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195 and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Fiala, Brooke AU - Fiala B AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195 and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Carter, Lauren AU - Carter L AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195 and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Hamerman, Jessica A AU - Hamerman JA AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - King, Neil P AU - King NP AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195 and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. FAU - Gale, Michael Jr AU - Gale M Jr AD - Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. FAU - Campbell, Daniel J AU - Campbell DJ AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Rawlings, David J AU - Rawlings DJ AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. FAU - Pepper, Marion AU - Pepper M AD - Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. Electronic address: mpepper@uw.edu. LA - eng GR - T32 AI007509/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI118803/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI158788/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI106677/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - S10 OD024979/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 DK089507/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AI007140/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI127726/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AI150178/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - TL1 TR002318/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI142001/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI151698/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI125378/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20201123 PL - United States TA - Cell JT - Cell JID - 0413066 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM UOF - medRxiv. 2020 Aug 15:2020.08.11.20171843. doi: 10.1101/2020.08.11.20171843. PMID: 32817957 UOF - Res Sq. 2020 Aug 13:rs.3.rs-57112. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-57112/v1. PMID: 32818218 MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/blood/*immunology/*physiopathology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - SARS-CoV-2/chemistry/*physiology MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC7682481 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV2 OT - adaptive immune response OT - human OT - memory B cell OT - memory T cell OT - monoclonal antibody OT - vaccine COIS- Declaration of Interests M.P., D.J.R., J.N., C.D.T., Y.C., and L.B.R. have filed a patent under the provisional serial no. 63/063,841. Other authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2020/12/10 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/16 06:00 PMCR- 2020/11/23 CRDT- 2020/12/09 20:06 PHST- 2020/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/11/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/11/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/12/09 20:06 [entrez] PHST- 2020/11/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0092-8674(20)31565-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.029 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cell. 2021 Jan 7;184(1):169-183.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.029. Epub 2020 Nov 23. PMID- 33256258 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231112 IS - 2079-9721 (Print) IS - 2079-9721 (Electronic) IS - 2079-9721 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 4 DP - 2020 Nov 26 TI - Can Melatonin Be a Potential "Silver Bullet" in Treating COVID-19 Patients? LID - 10.3390/diseases8040044 [doi] LID - 44 AB - The therapeutic potential of melatonin as a chronobiotic cytoprotective agent to counteract the consequences of COVID-19 infections has been advocated. Because of its wide-ranging effects as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory compound, melatonin could be unique in impairing the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, indirect evidence points out to a possible antiviral action of melatonin by interfering with SARS-CoV-2/angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 association. Melatonin is also an effective chronobiotic agent to reverse the circadian disruption of social isolation and to control delirium in severely affected patients. As a cytoprotector, melatonin serves to combat several comorbidities such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and ischemic and non-ischemic cardiovascular diseases, which aggravate COVID-19 disease. In view of evidence on the occurrence of neurological sequels in COVID-19-infected patients, another putative application of melatonin emerges based on its neuroprotective properties. Since melatonin is an effective means to control cognitive decay in minimal cognitive impairment, its therapeutic significance for the neurological sequels of SARS-CoV-2 infection should be considered. Finally, yet importantly, exogenous melatonin can be an adjuvant capable of augmenting the efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We discuss in this review the experimental evidence suggesting that melatonin is a potential "silver bullet" in the COVID 19 pandemic. FAU - Cardinali, Daniel P AU - Cardinali DP AD - Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina, Buenos Aires 1007, Argentina. FAU - Brown, Gregory M AU - Brown GM AD - Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada. FAU - Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R AU - Pandi-Perumal SR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8686-7259 AD - Somnogen Canada Inc., College Street, Toronto, ON M6H 1C5, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20201126 PL - Switzerland TA - Diseases JT - Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101636232 PMC - PMC7709121 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 pandemic OT - aging OT - anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination OT - chronotherapy OT - cognitive impairment OT - cytoprotection OT - diabetes OT - inflammation OT - melatonin OT - metabolic syndrome OT - neurodegeneration OT - oxidative stress OT - renin-angiotensin system COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/12/02 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/02 06:01 PMCR- 2020/11/26 CRDT- 2020/12/01 01:11 PHST- 2020/11/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/11/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/11/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/01 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2020/12/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/02 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - diseases8040044 [pii] AID - diseases-08-00044 [pii] AID - 10.3390/diseases8040044 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diseases. 2020 Nov 26;8(4):44. doi: 10.3390/diseases8040044. PMID- 33239605 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210106 LR - 20240330 IS - 1643-3750 (Electronic) IS - 1234-1010 (Print) IS - 1234-1010 (Linking) VI - 26 DP - 2020 Nov 26 TI - Convalescent Memory T Cell Immunity in Individuals with Mild or Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection May Result from an Evolutionarily Adapted Immune Response to Coronavirus and the 'Common Cold'. PG - e929789 LID - 10.12659/MSM.929789 [doi] AB - Recent studies have shown a significant level of T cell immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in convalescent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and unexposed healthy individuals. Also, SARS-CoV-2-reactive T memory cells occur in unexposed healthy individuals from endemic coronaviruses that cause the 'common cold.' The finding of the expression of adaptive SARS-CoV-2-reactive T memory cells in unexposed healthy individuals may be due to multiple cross-reactive viral protein targets following previous exposure to endemic human coronavirus infections. The opinion of the authors is that determination of protein sequence homologies across seemingly disparate viral protein libraries may provide epitope-matching data that link SARS-CoV-2-reactive T memory cell signatures to prior administration of cross-reacting vaccines to common viral pathogens. Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 initiates diverse cellular immune responses, including the associated 'cytokine storm'. Therefore, it is possible that the intact virus possesses a required degree of conformational matching, or stereoselectivity, to effectively target its receptor on multiple cell types. Therefore, conformational matching may be viewed as an evolving mechanism of viral infection and viral replication by an evolutionary modification of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor required for SARS-CoV-2 binding and host cell entry. The authors propose that convalescent memory T cell immunity in individuals with mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection may result from an evolutionarily adapted immune response to coronavirus and the 'common cold'. FAU - Stefano, George B AU - Stefano GB AD - International Scientific Information, Inc., Melville, NY, USA. AD - Center for Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. FAU - Kream, Richard M AU - Kream RM AD - International Scientific Information, Inc., Melville, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201126 PL - United States TA - Med Sci Monit JT - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research JID - 9609063 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Viral Proteins) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - EC 3.4.17.23 (ACE2 protein, human) RN - EC 3.4.17.23 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) SB - IM MH - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/*genetics MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *Asymptomatic Infections MH - COVID-19/blood/diagnosis/*immunology/virology MH - Common Cold/*immunology/prevention & control/virology MH - Cross Reactions/genetics MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics/immunology MH - Evolution, Molecular MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Cellular/genetics MH - Immunogenicity, Vaccine MH - Immunologic Memory/*genetics MH - Rhinovirus/genetics/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/immunology/pathogenicity MH - Sequence Homology MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Viral Proteins/genetics/immunology MH - Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology MH - Virus Internalization MH - Virus Replication/genetics/immunology PMC - PMC7706138 COIS- Conflict of interest None. EDAT- 2020/11/27 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/07 06:00 PMCR- 2020/11/26 CRDT- 2020/11/26 05:38 PHST- 2020/11/26 05:38 [entrez] PHST- 2020/11/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 929789 [pii] AID - 10.12659/MSM.929789 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Sci Monit. 2020 Nov 26;26:e929789. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929789. PMID- 33223658 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230328 IS - 0972-2327 (Print) IS - 1998-3549 (Electronic) IS - 0972-2327 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 4 DP - 2020 Jul-Aug TI - Neurology and COVID-19: Acting now. Preparing for Future. PG - 433-440 LID - 10.4103/aian.AIAN_513_20 [doi] AB - COVID-19 has a wide-ranging and multimodal neurological impact. First, several neurological symptoms and complications are commonly observed in patients with COVID-19. Second, medications and vaccinations used to counter the disease can have secondary neurological effects. Third, patients with pre-existing neurological disorders bear an increased health-risk due to COVID-19. And finally, the pandemic has disrupted the delivery of neurological and vaccination services, and associated educational and research programs. In this article we review the various channels through which the pandemic is known or projected to effect individual patients or the practice of neurology. We also provide recommendations to manage its immediate effects and prepare for the longer-term fall-out. CI - Copyright: (c) 2006 - 2020 Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. FAU - Aggarwal, Annu AU - Aggarwal A AD - Centre for Neurosciences, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute (KDAH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Singhal, Tanu AU - Singhal T AD - Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics, KDAH, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. FAU - Bhatt, Mohit AU - Bhatt M AD - Centre for Neurosciences, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute (KDAH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200814 PL - India TA - Ann Indian Acad Neurol JT - Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology JID - 101273955 PMC - PMC7657278 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anosmia OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - coronavirus OT - neurological OT - pandemic OT - stroke COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2020/11/24 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/24 06:01 PMCR- 2020/07/01 CRDT- 2020/11/23 05:35 PHST- 2020/05/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/06/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/11/23 05:35 [entrez] PHST- 2020/11/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AIAN-23-433 [pii] AID - 10.4103/aian.AIAN_513_20 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2020 Jul-Aug;23(4):433-440. doi: 10.4103/aian.AIAN_513_20. Epub 2020 Aug 14. PMID- 33171590 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201124 LR - 20201218 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 11 DP - 2020 Nov 8 TI - A Cell-Based ELISA to Improve the Serological Analysis of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. LID - 10.3390/v12111274 [doi] LID - 1274 AB - Knowledge of the antibody-mediated immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial to understand virus immunogenicity, establish seroprevalence, and determine whether subjects or recovered patients are at risk for infection/reinfection and would therefore benefit from vaccination. Here, we describe a novel and simple cell-ELISA specifically designed to measure viral spike S1-specific IgG produced in vitro by B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from a cohort of 45 asymptomatic (n = 24) and symptomatic (n = 21) individuals, with age ranging from 8 to 99 years. All subjects underwent ELISA serological screening twice, at the same time as the cell-ELISA (T2) as well as 35-60 days earlier (T1). Cryopreserved PBMCs of healthy donors obtained years before the COVID-19 pandemic were also included in the analysis. The preliminary results presented here show that out of 45 tested subjects, 16 individuals (35.5%) were positive to the cell-ELISA, 11 (24.5%) were concomitantly positive in the serological screening (T1 and/or T2), and only one person was exclusively positive in ELISA (T1) and negative in cell-ELISA, though values were close to the cutoff. Of note, five individuals (11.2%) tested negative in ELISA but positive in cell-ELISA and thus, they appear to have circulating B cells that produce antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, likely at levels that are undetectable in the serum, which challenges the negative results of the serological screening. The relative level of in vitro secreted IgG was measurable in positive subjects, ranging from 7 to 50 ng/well. Accordingly, all anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positive subjects previously reported moderate to severe symptoms attributable to COVID-19, even though the RT-PCR data were rarely available to confirm viral infection. Overall, the described cell-ELISA might be an effective method for detecting subjects who encountered the virus in the past, and thus helpful to improve serological ELISA tests in the case of undetectable/equivocal circulating IgG levels, and a suitable and improved tool to better evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immunity in the COVID-19 pandemic. FAU - Zarletti, Gianpaolo AU - Zarletti G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6666-3646 AD - Dipartimento per l'Innovazione Biologica, Agroalimentare e Forestale, Universita della Tuscia, 01000 Viterbo, Italy. FAU - Tiberi, Massimo AU - Tiberi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0121-2318 AD - Dipartimento per l'Innovazione Biologica, Agroalimentare e Forestale, Universita della Tuscia, 01000 Viterbo, Italy. FAU - De Molfetta, Veronica AU - De Molfetta V AD - Dipartimento per l'Innovazione Biologica, Agroalimentare e Forestale, Universita della Tuscia, 01000 Viterbo, Italy. FAU - Bossu, Maurizio AU - Bossu M AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Science, "Sapienza" University, 00146 Roma, Italy. FAU - Toppi, Elisa AU - Toppi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7354-1535 AD - IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Lab, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Roma, Italy. FAU - Bossu, Paola AU - Bossu P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1432-0078 AD - IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Lab, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Roma, Italy. FAU - Scapigliati, Giuseppe AU - Scapigliati G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9730-9394 AD - Dipartimento per l'Innovazione Biologica, Agroalimentare e Forestale, Universita della Tuscia, 01000 Viterbo, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201108 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood MH - Betacoronavirus/immunology MH - COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Testing MH - Child MH - Clinical Laboratory Techniques/*methods MH - Coronavirus Infections/*diagnosis MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/*methods MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin G/blood MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Pandemics MH - Pneumonia, Viral/*diagnosis MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Serologic Tests MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/*immunology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7695166 OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cell memory OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - cell-ELISA OT - in vitro IgG OT - spike S1 protein COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. EDAT- 2020/11/12 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/25 06:00 PMCR- 2020/11/01 CRDT- 2020/11/11 01:01 PHST- 2020/09/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/11/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/11/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/11/11 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2020/11/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v12111274 [pii] AID - viruses-12-01274 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v12111274 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2020 Nov 8;12(11):1274. doi: 10.3390/v12111274. PMID- 33138937 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201120 LR - 20250719 IS - 1538-9375 (Electronic) IS - 1525-8610 (Print) IS - 1525-8610 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 11 DP - 2020 Nov TI - Three-Tiered COVID-19 Cohorting Strategy and Implications for Memory-Care. PG - 1560-1562 LID - S1525-8610(20)30745-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.09.001 [doi] AB - An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in a skilled nursing facility (SNF) can be devastating for residents and staff. Difficulty identifying asymptomatic and presymptomatic cases and lack of vaccination or treatment options make management challenging. We created, implemented, and now present a guide to rapidly deploy point-prevalence testing and 3-tiered cohorting in an SNF to mitigate an outbreak. We outline key challenges to SNF cohorting. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Collison, Maggie AU - Collison M AD - Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: Maggie.collison@uchospitals.edu. FAU - Beiting, Kimberly J AU - Beiting KJ AD - Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Walker, Jacob AU - Walker J AD - Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Huisingh-Scheetz, Megan AU - Huisingh-Scheetz M AD - Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Pisano, Jennifer AU - Pisano J AD - Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Chia, Stephanie AU - Chia S AD - Center for Transformative Care, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Marrs, Rachel AU - Marrs R AD - Department of Infection Control and Prevention, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Landon, Emily AU - Landon E AD - Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Levine, Stacie AU - Levine S AD - Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Gleason, Lauren J AU - Gleason LJ AD - Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. LA - eng GR - K23 AG049106/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA287257/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - TL1 TR002388/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. DEP - 20200906 PL - United States TA - J Am Med Dir Assoc JT - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association JID - 100893243 SB - IM MH - Betacoronavirus MH - COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Testing MH - Clinical Laboratory Techniques MH - Coronavirus Infections/*diagnosis MH - Dementia MH - Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Pandemics MH - Patient Transfer/*organization & administration MH - Pneumonia, Viral/*diagnosis MH - Prevalence MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Skilled Nursing Facilities PMC - PMC7474901 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cohorting OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - asymptomatic carriers OT - long-term care OT - point prevalence EDAT- 2020/11/04 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/21 06:00 PMCR- 2020/09/06 CRDT- 2020/11/03 05:33 PHST- 2020/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/09/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/11/03 05:33 [entrez] PHST- 2020/11/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1525-8610(20)30745-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.09.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020 Nov;21(11):1560-1562. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.09.001. Epub 2020 Sep 6. PMID- 33117391 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201109 LR - 20231104 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2020 TI - An Effective COVID-19 Vaccine Needs to Engage T Cells. PG - 581807 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2020.581807 [doi] LID - 581807 FAU - Sauer, Karsten AU - Sauer K AD - Repertoire Immune Medicines, Cambridge, MA, United States. FAU - Harris, Tim AU - Harris T AD - Repertoire Immune Medicines, Cambridge, MA, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200928 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Betacoronavirus/*immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Coronavirus Infections/immunology/*prevention & control MH - Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/genetics/immunology MH - Humans MH - Pandemics/*prevention & control MH - Pneumonia, Viral/immunology/*prevention & control MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Viral Vaccines/*immunology PMC - PMC7549399 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - T cell OT - epitope OT - memory OT - neutralizing antibody OT - pandemic OT - vaccine EDAT- 2020/10/30 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/11 06:00 PMCR- 2020/09/28 CRDT- 2020/10/29 05:52 PHST- 2020/07/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/29 05:52 [entrez] PHST- 2020/10/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2020.581807 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2020 Sep 28;11:581807. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.581807. eCollection 2020. PMID- 33086932 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210216 LR - 20210216 IS - 1532-4230 (Electronic) IS - 1532-1819 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Nov 1 TI - The bumpy road to achieve herd immunity in COVID-19. PG - 928-945 LID - 10.1080/15321819.2020.1833919 [doi] AB - Herd immunity is a form of indirect protection that is offered to the community when a large proportion of individuals contained in the community are immune to a certain infection. This immunity can be due to vaccination or to the recovery post-disease. Effective herd immunity in SARS-CoV-2 infection has several hurdles upon achievement. Herd immunity cannot be obtained concomitantly in many geographical areas because the areas have different population density and the societal measures to contain the spreading are different. A proportion of 50-66% of the population needs to be immunized naturally or artificially in this SARS-Cov2 pandemic and this percentage is not easily achievable. The duration of herd immunity is another issue while information on the long-term immune response against SARS-CoV2 is yet scarce. Epitope stability, another issue to be solved when achieving herd immunity, is important. Mutation in the viral structure will call upon other sets of neutralizing antibodies and hence for other herd immunity type installment. The societal tactics to achieve the much-needed herd immunity should be developed keeping in mind the welfare of the population. Without being exhaustive, throughout our paper we will elaborate on each of the hurdles encountered in developing herd immunity to SARS-Cov2 infection. FAU - Neagu, Monica AU - Neagu M AD - Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology , Bucharest, Romania. AD - Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital , Bucharest, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20201021 PL - England TA - J Immunoassay Immunochem JT - Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry JID - 100963688 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (RNA, Viral) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - COVID-19/epidemiology/*immunology/*prevention & control MH - Epitopes/chemistry MH - Female MH - Geography MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Herd MH - Immunization, Passive MH - Male MH - Models, Theoretical MH - *Mutation MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - RNA, Viral MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - Vaccination OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - herd immunity OT - immune memory EDAT- 2020/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/17 06:00 CRDT- 2020/10/22 05:25 PHST- 2020/10/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/22 05:25 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/15321819.2020.1833919 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2020 Nov 1;41(6):928-945. doi: 10.1080/15321819.2020.1833919. Epub 2020 Oct 21. PMID- 33080068 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201221 LR - 20201221 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 12 DP - 2020 Dec TI - Cell-mediated and humoral adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 are lower in asymptomatic than symptomatic COVID-19 patients. PG - 2013-2024 LID - 10.1002/eji.202048915 [doi] AB - The characterization of cell-mediated and humoral adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 is fundamental to understand COVID-19 progression and the development of immunological memory to the virus. In this study, we detected T-cells reactive to SARS-CoV-2 proteins M, S, and N, as well as serum virus-specific IgM, IgA, IgG, in nearly all SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals, but not in healthy donors. Virus-reactive T cells exhibited signs of in vivo activation, as suggested by the surface expression of immune-checkpoint molecules PD1 and TIGIT. Of note, we detected antigen-specific adaptive immune response both in asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects. More importantly, symptomatic patients displayed a significantly higher magnitude of both cell-mediated and humoral adaptive immune response to the virus, as compared to asymptomatic individuals. These findings suggest that an uncontrolled adaptive immune response contribute to the development of the life-threatening inflammatory phase of the disease. Finally, this study might open the way to develop effective vaccination strategies. CI - (c) 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Mazzoni, Alessio AU - Mazzoni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Maggi, Laura AU - Maggi L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Capone, Manuela AU - Capone M AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Spinicci, Michele AU - Spinicci M AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Salvati, Lorenzo AU - Salvati L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Colao, Maria Grazia AU - Colao MG AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Vanni, Anna AU - Vanni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Kiros, Seble Tekle AU - Kiros ST AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Mencarini, Jessica AU - Mencarini J AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Zammarchi, Lorenzo AU - Zammarchi L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Mantengoli, Elisabetta AU - Mantengoli E AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Menicacci, Lorenzo AU - Menicacci L AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Caldini, Eleonora AU - Caldini E AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Romagnani, Sergio AU - Romagnani S AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. FAU - Liotta, Francesco AU - Liotta F AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Morettini, Alessandro AU - Morettini A AD - Internal Medicine 2 Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Rossolini, Gian Maria AU - Rossolini GM AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Bartoloni, Alessandro AU - Bartoloni A AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Cosmi, Lorenzo AU - Cosmi L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8150-8177 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. FAU - Annunziato, Francesco AU - Annunziato F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8798-7589 AD - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. AD - Flow Cytometry Diagnostic Center and Immunotherapy (CDCI), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201109 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (PDCD1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor) RN - 0 (Receptors, Immunologic) RN - 0 (TIGIT protein, human) RN - 0 (Viral Proteins) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antibodies, Viral/*immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Carrier State/*immunology/virology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Humoral MH - Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology MH - Receptors, Immunologic/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - Viral Proteins/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibodies OT - Cellular immunology OT - Infectious diseases OT - Memory cells OT - Virology EDAT- 2020/10/21 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/22 06:00 CRDT- 2020/10/20 17:11 PHST- 2020/08/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/09/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/10/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/20 17:11 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/eji.202048915 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2020 Dec;50(12):2013-2024. doi: 10.1002/eji.202048915. Epub 2020 Nov 9. PMID- 33072783 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240329 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 7 DP - 2020 TI - Covid-19 Pandemic: Maximizing Future Vaccination Treatments Considering Aging and Frailty. PG - 558835 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2020.558835 [doi] LID - 558835 AB - The COVID-19 pandemic is proving to be a multiplier of inequalities. Especially toward the elderly population. A voiceless scream that comes from geriatrics, nursing homes, hospices from all over Italy. They call it the silent massacre: from North to South, the bulletin of coronavirus positive-or already deceased-elderly people continues to grow exponentially without a chance to counter it. Population aging and chronicity are a question that needs to be addressed. Frailty is the most challenging expression of population aging, with major consequences for public health and clinical practice. It is a geriatric syndrome which consists in a state of higher vulnerability to stressors attributed to a lower homeostatic reserve due to an age-related multisystem physiological change. People over 60, and especially over 80, are particularly vulnerable to severe or fatal infection. Moreover, the age-related dysregulation of the immune system in the elderly (i.e., immunosenescence and inflammaging) results in poorer responses to vaccination. Physical frailty is an effective health indicator and it has previously shown to predict the response to the seasonal flu vaccine. These findings suggest that assessing frailty in the elderly may identify those who are less likely to respond to immunization and be at higher risk for COVID-19 and its complications. Moreover, cognitive frailty and neurocognitive disorders, mental health and reduced awareness of illness negatively impact on adherence to complex medication regimens among elderly patients. A worldwide research and development blueprint have been initiated to accelerate the development of vaccines and therapeutics for the COVID-19 outbreak. Considered the above, I suggest the importance to consider aging in thinking about future Civud-19 vaccination and treatment, focusing on the possible impact of physical and cognitive frailty. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Palermo. FAU - Palermo, Sara AU - Palermo S AD - Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. AD - European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Aging, Bruxelles, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200918 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC7530612 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - adherence to treatment OT - ageotype OT - frailty OT - immunology OT - immunosenecence OT - inflammaging OT - vaccination EDAT- 2020/10/20 06:00 MHDA- 2020/10/20 06:01 PMCR- 2020/09/18 CRDT- 2020/10/19 05:59 PHST- 2020/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/09/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/19 05:59 [entrez] PHST- 2020/10/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/10/20 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2020.558835 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2020 Sep 18;7:558835. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.558835. eCollection 2020. PMID- 33027418 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201013 LR - 20240329 IS - 1678-9849 (Electronic) IS - 0037-8682 (Print) IS - 0037-8682 (Linking) VI - 53 DP - 2020 TI - Current evidence of neurological features, diagnosis, and neuropathogenesis associated with COVID-19. PG - e20200477 LID - S0037-86822020000100252 [pii] LID - 10.1590/0037-8682-0477-2020 [doi] LID - e20200477 AB - Recent reports indicate that besides respiratory and systemic symptoms among coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients, the disease has a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations (encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, metabolic and acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy, cerebrovascular diseases, Guillain-Barre syndrome, polyneuritis cranialis, dysautonomia, and myopathies). The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can spread from the respiratory system to the central nervous system, using transneuronal and hematogenous mechanisms. Although not every COVID-19 patient will test positive for the virus in the cerebrospinal fluid exam, the appearance of neurological symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals the importance of understanding the neurologic manifestations and capacity for neural invasion associated with the pathogen. These aspects are relevant for correct diagnosis and treatment, and for the potential development of vaccines. This review highlights the latest evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection with a focus on neurological involvement and potential neuropathogenesis mechanisms. FAU - Puccioni-Sohler, Marzia AU - Puccioni-Sohler M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6007-9142 AD - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. AD - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Doencas Infecciosas e Parasitarias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. FAU - Poton, Andre Rodrigues AU - Poton AR AD - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. FAU - Franklin, Milena AU - Franklin M AD - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. FAU - Silva, Samya Jezine da AU - Silva SJD AD - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Doencas Infecciosas e Parasitarias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. FAU - Brindeiro, Rodrigo AU - Brindeiro R AD - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. FAU - Tanuri, Amilcar AU - Tanuri A AD - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201005 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Soc Bras Med Trop JT - Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical JID - 7507456 SB - IM CIN - Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2022 Feb 25;55:e0381. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0381-2021. PMID: 35239904 MH - *Betacoronavirus MH - COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Testing MH - Central Nervous System Diseases/*etiology MH - Clinical Laboratory Techniques MH - *Coronavirus Infections/complications/diagnosis MH - Humans MH - *Pandemics MH - *Pneumonia, Viral/complications/diagnosis MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC7534972 COIS- Conflict of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to report. EDAT- 2020/10/08 06:00 MHDA- 2020/10/21 06:00 PMCR- 2020/10/05 CRDT- 2020/10/07 17:13 PHST- 2020/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/07 17:13 [entrez] PHST- 2020/10/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/10/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0037-86822020000100252 [pii] AID - 10.1590/0037-8682-0477-2020 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2020 Oct 5;53:e20200477. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0477-2020. eCollection 2020. PMID- 33024515 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240329 IS - 1949-8454 (Print) IS - 1949-8454 (Electronic) IS - 1949-8454 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 2 DP - 2020 Sep 27 TI - Immunological aspects of COVID-19: What do we know? PG - 14-29 LID - 10.4331/wjbc.v11.i2.14 [doi] AB - The newly emerged coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SARS-CoV-2) and the disease that it causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have changed the world we know. Yet, the origin and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 remain mostly vague. Many virulence factors and immune mechanisms contribute to the deteriorating effects on the organism during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Both humoral and cellular immune responses are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease, where the principal and effective immune response towards viral infection is the cell-mediated immunity. The clinical picture of COVID-19, which includes immune memory and reinfection, remains unclear and unpredictable. However, many hopes are put in developing an effective vaccine against the virus, and different therapeutic options have been implemented to find effective, even though not specific, treatment to the disease. We can assume that the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the individual's immune system determines the onset and development of the disease significantly. CI - (c)The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Velikova, Tsvetelina Veselinova AU - Velikova TV AD - Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Lozenetz, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria. tsvelikova@medfac.mu-sofia.bg. FAU - Kotsev, Stanislav Vasilev AU - Kotsev SV AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Pazardzhik Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment, Pazardzhik 4400, Bulgaria. FAU - Georgiev, Daniel Stefanov AU - Georgiev DS AD - Dental Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria. FAU - Batselova, Hristiana Momchilova AU - Batselova HM AD - Department of Epidemiology and Disaster Medicine, Medical University, Plovdiv, University Hospital "St George", Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - World J Biol Chem JT - World journal of biological chemistry JID - 101546471 PMC - PMC7520644 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies OT - COVID-19 OT - COVID-19 treatment OT - Immune memory OT - Plasma therapy OT - SARS-CoV-2 COIS- Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2020/10/08 06:00 MHDA- 2020/10/08 06:01 PMCR- 2020/09/27 CRDT- 2020/10/07 05:50 PHST- 2020/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/07 05:50 [entrez] PHST- 2020/10/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/10/08 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.4331/wjbc.v11.i2.14 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - World J Biol Chem. 2020 Sep 27;11(2):14-29. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v11.i2.14. PMID- 32973527 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260829 IS - 1663-9812 (Print) IS - 1663-9812 (Electronic) IS - 1663-9812 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2020 TI - Harnessing Memory NK Cell to Protect Against COVID-19. PG - 1309 LID - 10.3389/fphar.2020.01309 [doi] LID - 1309 AB - The worldwide struggle against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a public health crisis continues to sweep across the globe. Up to now, effective antiviral treatment against COVID-19 is not available. Therefore, throughout virus infections, a thorough clarification of the virus-host immune system interactions will be most probably helpful to encounter these challenges. Emerging evidence suggests that just like SARS and MERS, COVID-19 primarily suppresses the innate immune system, enabling its stable propagation during the early stage of infection. Consequently, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines have been increasing during infection progression associated with severe lung pathology. It is imperative to consider hyper inflammation in vaccine designing, as vaccine-induced immune responses must have a protective role against infection without leading to immunopathology. Among the front-line responders to viral infections, Natural Killer (NK) cells have immense therapeutic potential, forming a bridge between innate and adaptive responses. A subset of NK cells exhibits putatively increased effector functions against viruses following pathogen-specific and immunization. Memory NK cells have higher cytotoxicity and effector activity, compared with the conventional NK cells. As a pioneering strategy, prompt accumulation and long-term maintenance of these memory NK cells could be an efficacious viral treatment. According to the high prevalence of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in the world, it remains to be determined whether HCMV adaptive NK cells could play a protective role against this new emerging virus. In addition, the new adaptive-like KIR+NKG2C+ NK cell subset (the adaptive-like lung tissue residue [tr]NK cell) in the context of the respiratory infection at this site could specifically exhibit the expansion upon COVID-19. Another aspect of NK cells we should note, utilizing modified NK cells such as allogeneic off-the-shelf CAR-NK cells as a state-of-the-art strategy for the treatment of COVID-19. In this line, we speculate introducing NKG2C into chimeric antigen receptors in NK cells might be a potential approach in future viral immunotherapy for emerging viruses. In this contribution, we will briefly discuss the current status and future perspective of NK cells, which provide to successfully exploit NK cell-mediated antiviral activity that may offer important new tools in COVID-19 treatment. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Soleimanian and Yaghobi. FAU - Soleimanian, Saeede AU - Soleimanian S AD - Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Yaghobi, Ramin AU - Yaghobi R AD - Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20200820 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pharmacol JT - Frontiers in pharmacology JID - 101548923 PMC - PMC7468462 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive NK cell OT - immune system OT - inflammatory cytokine OT - memory NK cell OT - vaccination EDAT- 2020/09/26 06:00 MHDA- 2020/09/26 06:01 PMCR- 2020/08/20 CRDT- 2020/09/25 06:01 PHST- 2020/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/25 06:01 [entrez] PHST- 2020/09/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/09/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fphar.2020.01309 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pharmacol. 2020 Aug 20;11:1309. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01309. eCollection 2020. PMID- 32948003 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210324 LR - 20261001 IS - 2073-4409 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4409 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 9 DP - 2020 Sep 16 TI - Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guerin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development. LID - 10.3390/cells9092109 [doi] LID - 2109 AB - Vaccine design traditionally focuses on inducing adaptive immune responses against a sole target pathogen. Considering that many microbes evade innate immune mechanisms to initiate infection, and in light of the discovery of epigenetically mediated innate immune training, the paradigm of vaccine design has the potential to change. The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine induces some level of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) while stimulating trained immunity that correlates with lower mortality and increased protection against unrelated pathogens. This review will explore BCG-induced trained immunity, including the required pathways to establish this phenotype. Additionally, potential methods to improve or expand BCG trained immunity effects through alternative vaccine delivery and formulation methods will be discussed. Finally, advances in new anti-Mtb vaccines, other antimicrobial uses for BCG, and "innate memory-based vaccines" will be examined. FAU - Pasco, Samuel T AU - Pasco ST AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4276-4098 AD - Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain. FAU - Anguita, Juan AU - Anguita J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2061-7182 AD - Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20200916 PL - Switzerland TA - Cells JT - Cells JID - 101600052 RN - 0 (BCG Vaccine) RN - 0 (Histones) RN - 0 (NOD2 protein, human) RN - 0 (Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein) RN - 0 (Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules) RN - 53678-77-6 (Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine) RN - EC 2.7.1.1 (MTOR protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases) SB - IM MH - Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/immunology/metabolism MH - Adaptive Immunity/*drug effects MH - BCG Vaccine/*administration & dosage MH - COVID-19/immunology/*prevention & control/virology MH - Cross Protection MH - Epigenesis, Genetic/*drug effects/immunology MH - Histones/genetics/immunology MH - Humans MH - Mycobacterium tuberculosis MH - Myeloid Cells/*drug effects/immunology/pathology MH - Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein/genetics/immunology MH - Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules/immunology/metabolism MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2/*pathogenicity MH - Signal Transduction MH - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/immunology MH - Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/immunology/microbiology/*prevention & control PMC - PMC7564904 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) OT - innate immune memory OT - mucosal immunity OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the writing of the manuscript, or in the content of the review. EDAT- 2020/09/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/25 06:00 PMCR- 2020/09/01 CRDT- 2020/09/19 01:02 PHST- 2020/08/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/09/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/09/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/19 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2020/09/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cells9092109 [pii] AID - cells-09-02109 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cells9092109 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cells. 2020 Sep 16;9(9):2109. doi: 10.3390/cells9092109. PMID- 32910469 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200922 LR - 20201218 IS - 1521-4141 (Electronic) IS - 0014-2980 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 9 DP - 2020 Sep TI - Expansion of plasmablasts and loss of memory B cells in peripheral blood from COVID-19 patients with pneumonia. PG - 1283-1294 LID - 10.1002/eji.202048838 [doi] AB - Studies on the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and humoral immunity are fundamental to elaborate effective therapies including vaccines. We used polychromatic flow cytometry, coupled with unsupervised data analysis and principal component analysis (PCA), to interrogate B cells in untreated patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. COVID-19 patients displayed normal plasma levels of the main immunoglobulin classes, of antibodies against common antigens or against antigens present in common vaccines. However, we found a decreased number of total and naive B cells, along with decreased percentages and numbers of memory switched and unswitched B cells. On the contrary, IgM(+) and IgM(-) plasmablasts were significantly increased. In vitro cell activation revealed that B lymphocytes showed a normal proliferation index and number of dividing cells per cycle. PCA indicated that B-cell number, naive and memory B cells but not plasmablasts clustered with patients who were discharged, while plasma IgM level, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and SOFA score with those who died. In patients with pneumonia, the derangement of the B-cell compartment could be one of the causes of the immunological failure to control SARS-Cov2, have a relevant influence on several pathways, organs and systems, and must be considered to develop vaccine strategies. CI - (c) 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - De Biasi, Sara AU - De Biasi S AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. FAU - Lo Tartaro, Domenico AU - Lo Tartaro D AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. FAU - Meschiari, Marianna AU - Meschiari M AD - Infectious Diseases Clinics, AOU Policlinico and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Gibellini, Lara AU - Gibellini L AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. FAU - Bellinazzi, Caterina AU - Bellinazzi C AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. FAU - Borella, Rebecca AU - Borella R AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. FAU - Fidanza, Lucia AU - Fidanza L AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. FAU - Mattioli, Marco AU - Mattioli M AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. FAU - Paolini, Annamaria AU - Paolini A AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. FAU - Gozzi, Licia AU - Gozzi L AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. FAU - Jaacoub, Dina AU - Jaacoub D AD - Infectious Diseases Clinics, AOU Policlinico and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Faltoni, Matteo AU - Faltoni M AD - Infectious Diseases Clinics, AOU Policlinico and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Volpi, Sara AU - Volpi S AD - Infectious Diseases Clinics, AOU Policlinico and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Milic, Jovana AU - Milic J AD - Infectious Diseases Clinics, AOU Policlinico and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Sita, Marco AU - Sita M AD - Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, AOU Policlinico and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Sarti, Mario AU - Sarti M AD - Clinical Microbiology Unit, AOU Policlinico, Modena, Italy. FAU - Pucillo, Carlo AU - Pucillo C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4872-6156 AD - Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Girardis, Massimo AU - Girardis M AD - Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, AOU Policlinico and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Guaraldi, Giovanni AU - Guaraldi G AD - Infectious Diseases Clinics, AOU Policlinico and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Mussini, Cristina AU - Mussini C AD - Infectious Diseases Clinics, AOU Policlinico and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. FAU - Cossarizza, Andrea AU - Cossarizza A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5381-1558 AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy. AD - National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Bologna, Italy. LA - eng GR - 2020-2021/Ministero della Salute, Bando Ricerca COVID-19/International PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200813 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Immunol JT - European journal of immunology JID - 1273201 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin Isotypes) RN - 0 (fibrin fragment D) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood/classification MH - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology/virology MH - Betacoronavirus/immunology/*pathogenicity MH - C-Reactive Protein/immunology MH - COVID-19 MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Cell Proliferation MH - Coronavirus Infections/*immunology/mortality/pathology/virology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Cytokines/genetics/immunology MH - Female MH - Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunoglobulin Isotypes/*blood MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Lung/*immunology/pathology/virology MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Lymphocyte Count MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Organ Dysfunction Scores MH - Pandemics MH - Pneumonia, Viral/*immunology/mortality/pathology/virology MH - Primary Cell Culture MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Survival Analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - B cells OT - COVID-19 OT - Coronavirus OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) OT - carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester CFSE OT - plasmablasts OT - principal component analysis (PCA) OT - principal components (PCs) EDAT- 2020/09/11 06:00 MHDA- 2020/09/23 06:00 CRDT- 2020/09/10 12:28 PHST- 2020/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/07/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/10 12:28 [entrez] PHST- 2020/09/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/09/23 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1002/eji.202048838 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Immunol. 2020 Sep;50(9):1283-1294. doi: 10.1002/eji.202048838. Epub 2020 Aug 13. PMID- 32887977 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201102 LR - 20260518 IS - 1529-2916 (Electronic) IS - 1529-2908 (Print) IS - 1529-2908 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 11 DP - 2020 Nov TI - Broad and strong memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 in UK convalescent individuals following COVID-19. PG - 1336-1345 LID - 10.1038/s41590-020-0782-6 [doi] AB - The development of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines and therapeutics will depend on understanding viral immunity. We studied T cell memory in 42 patients following recovery from COVID-19 (28 with mild disease and 14 with severe disease) and 16 unexposed donors, using interferon-gamma-based assays with peptides spanning SARS-CoV-2 except ORF1. The breadth and magnitude of T cell responses were significantly higher in severe as compared with mild cases. Total and spike-specific T cell responses correlated with spike-specific antibody responses. We identified 41 peptides containing CD4(+) and/or CD8(+) epitopes, including six immunodominant regions. Six optimized CD8(+) epitopes were defined, with peptide-MHC pentamer-positive cells displaying the central and effector memory phenotype. In mild cases, higher proportions of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8(+) T cells were observed. The identification of T cell responses associated with milder disease will support an understanding of protective immunity and highlights the potential of including non-spike proteins within future COVID-19 vaccine design. FAU - Peng, Yanchun AU - Peng Y AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Mentzer, Alexander J AU - Mentzer AJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4502-2209 AD - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Liu, Guihai AU - Liu G AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Yao, Xuan AU - Yao X AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Yin, Zixi AU - Yin Z AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Dong, Danning AU - Dong D AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - CAMS Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Radiation Therapy, Xinjiang Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China. FAU - Dejnirattisai, Wanwisa AU - Dejnirattisai W AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Rostron, Timothy AU - Rostron T AD - Sequencing and Flow Cytometry Facility, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Supasa, Piyada AU - Supasa P AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Liu, Chang AU - Liu C AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Lopez-Camacho, Cesar AU - Lopez-Camacho C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7932-2341 AD - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Slon-Campos, Jose AU - Slon-Campos J AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Zhao, Yuguang AU - Zhao Y AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Stuart, David I AU - Stuart DI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3426-4210 AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Diamond Light Source, Didcot, UK. FAU - Paesen, Guido C AU - Paesen GC AD - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Grimes, Jonathan M AU - Grimes JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9698-0389 AD - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Diamond Light Source, Didcot, UK. FAU - Antson, Alfred A AU - Antson AA AD - York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK. FAU - Bayfield, Oliver W AU - Bayfield OW AD - York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK. FAU - Hawkins, Dorothy E D P AU - Hawkins DEDP AD - York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK. FAU - Ker, De-Sheng AU - Ker DS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6564-4056 AD - York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK. FAU - Wang, Beibei AU - Wang B AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Turtle, Lance AU - Turtle L AD - Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Subramaniam, Krishanthi AU - Subramaniam K AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Thomson, Paul AU - Thomson P AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Zhang, Ping AU - Zhang P AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Dold, Christina AU - Dold C AD - Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Ratcliff, Jeremy AU - Ratcliff J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6522-138X AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Simmonds, Peter AU - Simmonds P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7964-4700 AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - de Silva, Thushan AU - de Silva T AD - The Florey Institute for Host-Pathogen Interactions, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. FAU - Sopp, Paul AU - Sopp P AD - Sequencing and Flow Cytometry Facility, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Wellington, Dannielle AU - Wellington D AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Rajapaksa, Ushani AU - Rajapaksa U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6457-608X AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Chen, Yi-Ling AU - Chen YL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3758-0638 AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Salio, Mariolina AU - Salio M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4821-3801 AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Napolitani, Giorgio AU - Napolitani G AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Paes, Wayne AU - Paes W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0529-2765 AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Borrow, Persephone AU - Borrow P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3877-9780 AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Kessler, Benedikt M AU - Kessler BM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8160-2446 AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Fry, Jeremy W AU - Fry JW AD - ProImmune, Oxford, UK. FAU - Schwabe, Nikolai F AU - Schwabe NF AD - ProImmune, Oxford, UK. FAU - Semple, Malcolm G AU - Semple MG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9700-0418 AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. AD - Respiratory Medicine, Institute in The Park, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Baillie, J Kenneth AU - Baillie JK AD - Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division of Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. FAU - Moore, Shona C AU - Moore SC AD - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Openshaw, Peter J M AU - Openshaw PJM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7220-2555 AD - National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Ansari, M Azim AU - Ansari MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2790-8353 AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Dunachie, Susanna AU - Dunachie S AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Barnes, Eleanor AU - Barnes E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0860-0831 AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Frater, John AU - Frater J AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Kerr, Georgina AU - Kerr G AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Goulder, Philip AU - Goulder P AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Lockett, Teresa AU - Lockett T AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Levin, Robert AU - Levin R AD - Worthing Hospital, Worthing, UK. FAU - Zhang, Yonghong AU - Zhang Y AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Jing, Ronghua AU - Jing R AD - Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. FAU - Ho, Ling-Pei AU - Ho LP AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. CN - Oxford Immunology Network Covid-19 Response T cell Consortium CN - ISARIC4C Investigators FAU - Cornall, Richard J AU - Cornall RJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6213-3269 AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Conlon, Christopher P AU - Conlon CP AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Klenerman, Paul AU - Klenerman P AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Screaton, Gavin R AU - Screaton GR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3549-4309 AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip AU - Mongkolsapaya J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3416-9480 AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. AD - Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - McMichael, Andrew AU - McMichael A AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Knight, Julian C AU - Knight JC AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. FAU - Ogg, Graham AU - Ogg G AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. AD - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. AD - NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK. FAU - Dong, Tao AU - Dong T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3545-3758 AD - MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. tao.dong@imm.ox.ac.uk. AD - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. tao.dong@imm.ox.ac.uk. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. tao.dong@imm.ox.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - MC_PC_20002/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/S032304/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - 095541/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 215091/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 205228/Z/16/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_00008/6/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/V001329/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/N00065X/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - R01 AI118549/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - G0501068/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_PC_19059/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - G1100525/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_00008/11/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_00008/5/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_UU_12010/5/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - 204969/Z/16/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 205228/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - MC_U137881017/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_PC_19025/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/L018942/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - G0600520/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - 206377/Z/17/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 110058/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - UM1 AI144371/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - 109965/Z/15/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - G116/150/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - 206377/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - G1001046/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200904 PL - United States TA - Nat Immunol JT - Nature immunology JID - 100941354 RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte) RN - 0 (Immunodominant Epitopes) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM UOF - bioRxiv. 2020 Jun 08:2020.06.05.134551. doi: 10.1101/2020.06.05.134551. PMID: 32577665 CIN - Nat Immunol. 2020 Nov;21(11):1307-1308. doi: 10.1038/s41590-020-0798-y. PMID: 32895541 MH - Antigens, Viral/*immunology MH - Betacoronavirus/*immunology MH - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Coronavirus Infections/immunology/pathology/prevention & control MH - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunodominant Epitopes/immunology MH - Immunologic Memory/*immunology MH - Pandemics MH - Pneumonia, Viral/immunology/pathology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology MH - United Kingdom MH - Viral Vaccines/immunology PMC - PMC7611020 MID - EMS127155 COIS- Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. FIR - Barnes, Eleanor IR - Barnes E FIR - Dong, Danning IR - Dong D FIR - Dong, Tao IR - Dong T FIR - Dunachie, Susanna IR - Dunachie S FIR - Frater, John IR - Frater J FIR - Goulder, Philip IR - Goulder P FIR - Kerr, Georgina IR - Kerr G FIR - Klenerman, Paul IR - Klenerman P FIR - Liu, Guihai IR - Liu G FIR - McMichael, Andrew IR - McMichael A FIR - Napolitani, Giorgio IR - Napolitani G FIR - Ogg, Graham IR - Ogg G FIR - Peng, Yanchun IR - Peng Y FIR - Salio, Mariolina IR - Salio M FIR - Yao, Xuan IR - Yao X FIR - Yin, Zixi IR - Yin Z FIR - Kenneth Baillie, J IR - Kenneth Baillie J FIR - Klenerman, Paul IR - Klenerman P FIR - Mentzer, Alexander J IR - Mentzer AJ FIR - Moore, Shona C IR - Moore SC FIR - Openshaw, Peter J M IR - Openshaw PJM FIR - Semple, Malcolm G IR - Semple MG FIR - Stuart, David I IR - Stuart DI FIR - Turtle, Lance IR - Turtle L EDAT- 2020/09/06 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/03 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/21 CRDT- 2020/09/05 05:19 PHST- 2020/06/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/05 05:19 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41590-020-0782-6 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41590-020-0782-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Immunol. 2020 Nov;21(11):1336-1345. doi: 10.1038/s41590-020-0782-6. Epub 2020 Sep 4. PMID- 32595955 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240109 LR - 20240329 IS - 2046-1402 (Electronic) IS - 2046-1402 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2020 TI - Expected immune recognition of COVID-19 virus by memory from earlier infections with common coronaviruses in a large part of the world population. PG - 285 LID - 10.12688/f1000research.23458.2 [doi] LID - 285 AB - SARS-CoV-2 is the coronavirus agent of the COVID-19 pandemic causing high mortalities. In contrast, the widely spread human coronaviruses OC43, HKU1, 229E, and NL63 tend to cause only mild symptoms. The present study shows, by in silico analysis, that these common human viruses are expected to induce immune memory against SARS-CoV-2 by sharing protein fragments (antigen epitopes) for presentation to the immune system by MHC class I. A list of such epitopes is provided. The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus. For inducing protection, booster vaccinations enhancing existing immunity are less demanding than primary vaccinations against new antigens. Therefore, for the discussion on vaccination strategies against COVID-19, the available immune memory against related viruses should be part of the consideration. CI - Copyright: (c) 2020 Dijkstra JM and Hashimoto K. FAU - Dijkstra, Johannes M AU - Dijkstra JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7097-3826 AD - Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan. FAU - Hashimoto, Keiichiro AU - Hashimoto K AD - Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200423 PL - England TA - F1000Res JT - F1000Research JID - 101594320 RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (Epitopes) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Antigens, Viral/immunology MH - Betacoronavirus MH - Coronavirus/classification MH - *Coronavirus Infections/immunology MH - COVID-19 MH - Epitopes/immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Pandemics MH - *Pneumonia, Viral/immunology MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC7309412 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 229E OT - COVID-19 OT - Coronavirus OT - HKU1 OT - Immunology OT - MHC class I OT - NL63 OT - OC43 OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - Vaccination COIS- No competing interests were disclosed. EDAT- 2020/07/31 06:00 MHDA- 2020/08/05 06:00 PMCR- 2020/07/17 CRDT- 2020/07/31 06:00 PHST- 2020/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/07/31 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/07/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/08/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.12688/f1000research.23458.2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - F1000Res. 2020 Apr 23;9:285. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.23458.2. eCollection 2020. PMID- 32610334 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201028 LR - 20240329 IS - 1423-0208 (Electronic) IS - 0251-5350 (Print) IS - 0251-5350 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 5 DP - 2020 TI - COVID-19 Infection and Neurological Complications: Present Findings and Future Predictions. PG - 364-369 LID - 10.1159/000508991 [doi] AB - The present outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2, an influenza virus with neurotropic potential, presents with neurological manifestations in a large proportion of the affected individuals. Disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system are all present, while stroke, ataxia, seizures, and depressed level of consciousness are more common in severely affected patients. People with these severe complications are most likely elderly with medical comorbidities, especially hypertension and other vascular risk factors. However, postinfectious complications are also expected. Neurological disorders as sequelae of influenza viruses have been repeatedly documented in the past and include symptoms, signs, and diseases occurring during the acute phase and, not rarely, during follow-up. Postinfectious neurological complications are the result of the activation of immune mechanisms and can explain the insurgence of immune-mediated diseases, including the Guillain-Barre syndrome and other diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system that in the past occurred as complications of viral infections and occasionally with vaccines. For these reasons, the present outbreak calls for the introduction of surveillance systems to monitor changes in the frequency of several immune-mediated neurological diseases. These changes will determine a reorganization of the measures apt to describe the interaction between the virus, the environment, and the host in areas of different dimensions, from local communities to regions with several millions of inhabitants. The public health system, mainly primary care, needs to be strengthened to ensure that research and development efforts are directed toward right needs and directions. To cope with the present pandemic, better collaboration is required between international organizations along with more research funding, and tools in order to detect, treat, and prevent future epidemics. CI - (c) 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel. FAU - Beghi, Ettore AU - Beghi E AD - Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy, ettore.beghi@marionegri.it. FAU - Feigin, Valery AU - Feigin V AD - National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences AUT University Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. FAU - Caso, Valeria AU - Caso V AD - Stroke Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. FAU - Santalucia, Paola AU - Santalucia P AD - Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale-Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy. FAU - Logroscino, Giancarlo AU - Logroscino G AD - Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro"Bari, "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico", Tricase, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20200701 PL - Switzerland TA - Neuroepidemiology JT - Neuroepidemiology JID - 8218700 SB - IM MH - *Betacoronavirus MH - COVID-19 MH - Coronavirus Infections/*complications/*diagnosis/transmission MH - Forecasting MH - Humans MH - Nervous System Diseases/*diagnosis/*etiology MH - Pandemics MH - Pneumonia, Viral/*complications/*diagnosis/transmission MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC7445369 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Coronavirus OT - Infection OT - Neurological disorders OT - Outbreak COIS- The authors have no disclosures and no conflicts of interest to declare with reference to this topic. EDAT- 2020/07/02 06:00 MHDA- 2020/10/29 06:00 PMCR- 2020/08/25 CRDT- 2020/07/02 06:00 PHST- 2020/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/07/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/10/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/07/02 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 000508991 [pii] AID - ned-0001 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000508991 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neuroepidemiology. 2020;54(5):364-369. doi: 10.1159/000508991. Epub 2020 Jul 1. PMID- 32587625 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240730 IS - 1745-1981 (Print) IS - 1740-4398 (Electronic) IS - 1740-4398 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2020 TI - Neurological features of COVID-19 and their treatment: a review. LID - 10.7573/dic.2020-5-1 [doi] LID - 2020-5-1 AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome-correlated new coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) infection may result in neurological signs and symptoms through different mechanisms. Although direct infection of the central nervous system is uncertain or very rare and the para-infectious complications (e.g. inflammatory neuropathies) are rare, delirium and septic encephalopathy are common in severely ill patients. Smell dysfunction and headache are very common in mild cases, especially in younger people and females. Muscle pain is common in both mild and severe cases, and in the most compromised patients, it is accompanied by increased creatine kinase levels and by a likely true myopathic damage. Ischemic stroke has been reported as a possible complication of the hypercoagulability associated with severe SARS-Cov-2 infection, but further studies are needed. Most of the neurological manifestations may occur early in the illness. Therefore, during the pandemic period, neurologists need to be involved, alert, and prepared. Neurological practice will not be the same until a vaccine is available. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Orsucci D, Caldarazzo Ienco E, Nocita G, Napolitano A, Vista M. FAU - Orsucci, Daniele AU - Orsucci D AD - Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Lucca, Italy. FAU - Ienco, Elena Caldarazzo AU - Ienco EC AD - Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Lucca, Italy. FAU - Nocita, Gianpaolo AU - Nocita G AD - Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Lucca, Italy. FAU - Napolitano, Alessandro AU - Napolitano A AD - Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Lucca, Italy. FAU - Vista, Marco AU - Vista M AD - Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Lucca, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20200611 PL - England TA - Drugs Context JT - Drugs in context JID - 101262187 PMC - PMC7295105 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - CPK OT - Guillain-Barre syndrome OT - Sars-Cov-2 OT - anosmia OT - coronavirus OT - myopathy OT - myositis OT - stroke COIS- Disclosure and potential conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) Potential Conflicts of Interests form for the authors is available for download at: https://www.drugsincontext.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/dic.2020-5-1-COI.pdf EDAT- 2020/06/27 06:00 MHDA- 2020/06/27 06:01 PMCR- 2020/06/11 CRDT- 2020/06/27 06:00 PHST- 2020/05/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/05/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/06/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/06/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/06/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - dic-2020-5-1 [pii] AID - 10.7573/dic.2020-5-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Drugs Context. 2020 Jun 11;9:2020-5-1. doi: 10.7573/dic.2020-5-1. eCollection 2020. PMID- 32584954 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201105 LR - 20210110 IS - 1468-2834 (Electronic) IS - 0002-0729 (Print) IS - 0002-0729 (Linking) VI - 49 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Oct 23 TI - Research with older people in a world with COVID-19: identification of current and future priorities, challenges and opportunities. PG - 901-906 LID - 10.1093/ageing/afaa149 [doi] LID - afaa149 AB - Older people are disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had a profound impact on research as well as clinical service delivery. This commentary identifies key challenges and opportunities in continuing to conduct research with and for older people, both during and after the current pandemic. It shares opinions from responders to an international survey, a range of academic authors and opinions from specialist societies. Priorities in COVID-19 research include its specific presentation in older people, consequences for physical, cognitive and psychological health, treatments and vaccines, rehabilitation, supporting care homes more effectively, the impact of social distancing, lockdown policies and system reconfiguration to provide best health and social care for older people. COVID-19 research needs to be inclusive, particularly involving older people living with frailty, cognitive impairment or multimorbidity, and those living in care homes. Non-COVID-19 related research for older people remains of critical importance and must not be neglected in the rush to study the pandemic. Profound changes are required in the way that we design and deliver research for older people in a world where movement and face-to-face contact are restricted, but we also highlight new opportunities such as the ability to collaborate more widely and to design and deliver research efficiently at scale and speed. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Richardson, Sarah J AU - Richardson SJ AD - AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. FAU - Carroll, Camille B AU - Carroll CB AD - University of Plymouth, Faculty of Health, Plymouth, UK. FAU - Close, Jacqueline AU - Close J AD - Neuroscience Research Australia and Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Gordon, Adam L AU - Gordon AL AD - Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, NIHR Applied Research Collaboration-East Midlands, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. AD - University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK. FAU - O'Brien, John AU - O'Brien J AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge and Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Quinn, Terence J AU - Quinn TJ AD - Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. FAU - Rochester, Lynn AU - Rochester L AD - Brain and Movement Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK. FAU - Sayer, Avan A AU - Sayer AA AD - AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. FAU - Shenkin, Susan D AU - Shenkin SD AD - Geriatric Medicine, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. FAU - van der Velde, Nathalie AU - van der Velde N AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Woo, Jean AU - Woo J AD - Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Witham, Miles D AU - Witham MD AD - AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Age Ageing JT - Age and ageing JID - 0375655 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - *Betacoronavirus MH - Biomedical Research/*methods MH - COVID-19 MH - Coronavirus Infections/*epidemiology MH - Delivery of Health Care/*methods MH - Humans MH - Pandemics/*prevention & control MH - Pneumonia, Viral/*epidemiology MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC7454250 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - older people OT - pandemic OT - research EDAT- 2020/06/26 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/06 06:00 PMCR- 2020/08/28 CRDT- 2020/06/26 06:00 PHST- 2020/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/06/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/06/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/06/26 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/08/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 5862042 [pii] AID - afaa149 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ageing/afaa149 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Age Ageing. 2020 Oct 23;49(6):901-906. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afaa149. PMID- 32470151 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201216 LR - 20210225 IS - 1096-9071 (Electronic) IS - 0146-6615 (Linking) VI - 92 IP - 10 DP - 2020 Oct TI - The perplexing question of trained immunity vs adaptive memory in COVID-19. PG - 1858-1863 LID - 10.1002/jmv.26083 [doi] AB - The wide spectrum of symptoms observed in coronavirus disease 2019 appears to defy explanation. Apart from geographic limitation to people with prior exposure to other coronaviruses and air pollutants, inflammatory comorbidities and older ages are also among the main factors of susceptibility to severe illness. The unusual epidemiological data pointed out in children and African territories have revealed new insights in host-pathogen interplay with more focus on epigenetic regulation of cognitive compartments belonging to innate immunity. Should trained immunity be proven to be involved in timely immune responsiveness against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and that adaptive memory could be detrimental, both treatment regimens and vaccine design will tremendously change accordingly with more focus on upper respiratory tissue innate immunity to subdue this threat underway. CI - (c) 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Kerboua, K E AU - Kerboua KE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0618-7614 AD - Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla, Algeria. LA - eng GR - Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Resear/General Directorate of Research and Technology Development/International PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20200714 PL - United States TA - J Med Virol JT - Journal of medical virology JID - 7705876 SB - IM CIN - J Med Virol. 2021 Jan;93(1):122-123. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26214. PMID: 32579301 MH - *Adaptive Immunity MH - COVID-19/*immunology MH - Epigenesis, Genetic MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Innate MH - Immunologic Memory MH - Inflammation/virology OTO - NOTNLM OT - BCG vaccination OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - adaptive immune enhancement OT - air pollution OT - alive vaccines OT - mucosal immunity OT - severity variation OT - trained immunity OT - type III hypersensitivity EDAT- 2020/05/30 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/17 06:00 CRDT- 2020/05/30 06:00 PHST- 2020/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/05/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/05/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/30 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jmv.26083 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Virol. 2020 Oct;92(10):1858-1863. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26083. Epub 2020 Jul 14. PMID- 32463026 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200602 LR - 20240328 IS - 1643-3750 (Electronic) IS - 1234-1010 (Print) IS - 1234-1010 (Linking) VI - 26 DP - 2020 May 28 TI - A Novel Vaccine Employing Non-Replicating Rabies Virus Expressing Chimeric SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Domains: Functional Inhibition of Viral/Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Complexes. PG - e926016 LID - 10.12659/MSM.926016 [doi] AB - The emergence of the novel ss-coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Clinical studies have documented that potentially severe neurological symptoms are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, thereby suggesting direct CNS penetration by the virus. Prior studies have demonstrated that the destructive neurological effects of rabies virus (RABV) infections are mediated by CNS transport of the virus tightly bound to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). By comparison, it has been hypothesized that a similar mechanism exists to explain the multiple neurological effects of SARS-CoV-2 via binding to peripheral nAChRs followed by orthograde or retrograde transport into the CNS. Genetic engineering of the RABV has been employed to generate novel vaccines consisting of non-replicating RABV particles expressing chimeric capsid proteins containing human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), Ebolavirus, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) sequences. Accordingly, we present a critical discussion that integrates lessons learned from prior RABV research and vaccine development into a working model of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine that selectively targets and neutralizes CNS penetration of a tightly bound viral nAChR complex. FAU - Stefano, Michelle L AU - Stefano ML AD - Library of Congress, Washington, DC, USA. FAU - Kream, Richard M AU - Kream RM AD - Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Center for Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience, Prague, Czech Republic. AD - International Scientific Information, Inc., Melville, NY, USA. FAU - Stefano, George B AU - Stefano GB AD - Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Center for Cognitive and Molecular Neuroscience, Prague, Czech Republic. AD - International Scientific Information, Inc., Melville, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200528 PL - United States TA - Med Sci Monit JT - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research JID - 9609063 RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Receptors, Nicotinic) RN - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) SB - IM MH - Betacoronavirus/chemistry/*immunology MH - COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Vaccines MH - Coronavirus Infections/*immunology/metabolism/prevention & control/virology MH - Humans MH - Pandemics MH - Pneumonia, Viral/*immunology/virology MH - Protein Domains MH - Rabies virus/genetics/*physiology MH - Receptors, Nicotinic/*metabolism MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry/genetics/*immunology MH - Viral Vaccines/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism MH - *Virus Replication PMC - PMC7278327 COIS- Conflict of interest None. EDAT- 2020/05/29 06:00 MHDA- 2020/06/03 06:00 PMCR- 2020/05/28 CRDT- 2020/05/29 06:00 PHST- 2020/05/29 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/06/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 926016 [pii] AID - 10.12659/MSM.926016 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Med Sci Monit. 2020 May 28;26:e926016. doi: 10.12659/MSM.926016. PMID- 33900691 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210617 LR - 20210617 IS - 2162-6472 (Electronic) IS - 1040-8401 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 6 DP - 2020 TI - Viral Proteins under 70 Kilodaltons in Size Prevent the Development of Long-Lasting B-Cell Immune Memory and IgG2a Prevention in COVID-19 Vaccines. PG - 465-473 LID - 10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2020035601 [doi] AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) consists of a severe involvement of the lower respiratory tract leading to an acute respiratory syndrome. But there exist other infectious respiratory syndromes that have the same initial respiratory symptoms, show similar pattern in the size of the antigenic proteins and release comparable cytokines pathways, but with an unlike response magnitude. Here we propose that COVID-19 disease wrong response in the host immune system can be explained in the perspective of the antigen viral size. In COVID-19 sepsis, the < 70 kDa antigens activate the B-cell receptor (BCR), which modulates the shift in the pattern of T-helper 1 (Th1) to Th2 cytokines, increases the release of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and the up-regulation of the membrane form of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), promoting the production of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)- and IgG3-neutralizing antibodies, but failing in IgG2a production and in developing long-lasting B-cell immune memory. The sustained infected cells lysis overfeeds high levels of viral proteins < 70 kDa, increases B-cell activation and, in the shift from a Th1 to a Th2 immune response, can trigger a cytokine storm. The continuous BCR activation increases IL-10 release that can lead to cytokine storm, apoptosis, and immune paralysis. Here, we propose a new vaccine design using the polymerization of viral antigens that could be ready in short time, would be cheap and easy to develop because it is based on classic technologies available in every country, is safe because it does not employ genetic material, and would able to promote long-lasting B-cell immune memory and IgG2a production. FAU - Martin Oncina, Javier AU - Martin Oncina J AD - Spanish National Health Service. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Crit Rev Immunol JT - Critical reviews in immunology JID - 8914819 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Antigens, Viral) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Viral Proteins) SB - IM MH - Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology MH - Antibodies, Viral/immunology MH - Antigens, Viral/chemistry/*immunology MH - B-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - COVID-19/*immunology/prevention & control MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/*immunology MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Humoral MH - Immunoglobulin G/*immunology MH - *Immunologic Memory MH - Lymphocyte Activation MH - Molecular Weight MH - SARS-CoV-2/*immunology MH - T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology/metabolism MH - Viral Proteins/chemistry/*immunology EDAT- 2020/01/01 00:00 MHDA- 2021/06/22 06:00 CRDT- 2021/04/26 12:34 PHST- 2021/04/26 12:34 [entrez] PHST- 2020/01/01 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/22 06:00 [medline] AID - 04a28fd32740cb54,11565908082e3084 [pii] AID - 10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2020035601 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Crit Rev Immunol. 2020;40(6):465-473. doi: 10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2020035601.