PubMed:
Provider: NLM
Database: PubMed (National Library of Medicine), https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Date(s) Searched: October 28, 2026 to October 29, 2026
Language: English
Publication types excluded: Comment, Editorial, Letter, Case Reports, Preprint
Final count: 709 (line 13)
Search Terms:

No. | Query | Results
1 | "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"[Mesh] | 204,451
2 | "type 2 diabet*"[tiab] OR "type II diabet*"[tiab] OR "diabetes mellitus type 2"[tiab] OR "diabetes type 2"[tiab] OR T2DM[tiab] OR T2D[tiab] OR NIDDM[tiab] OR "non insulin dependent diabetes"[tiab] OR "adult onset diabetes"[tiab] | 257,670
3 | 1 OR 2 | 301,682
4 | "Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists"[Mesh] OR "Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor"[Mesh] OR "Glucagon-Like Peptide 1"[Mesh] OR "Incretins"[Mesh] OR "Liraglutide"[Mesh] OR "Exenatide"[Mesh] OR "Semaglutide"[Mesh] OR "dulaglutide"[Supplementary Concept] OR "lixisenatide"[Supplementary Concept] OR "Tirzepatide"[Mesh] | 24,312
5 | "GLP-1"[tiab] OR GLP1[tiab] OR "GLP-1RA"[tiab] OR "GLP-1RAs"[tiab] OR "glucagon-like peptide-1"[tiab] OR incretin*[tiab] OR liraglutide[tiab] OR exenatide[tiab] OR semaglutide[tiab] OR dulaglutide[tiab] OR lixisenatide[tiab] OR albiglutide[tiab] OR tirzepatide[tiab] OR efpeglenatide[tiab] OR taspoglutide[tiab] OR beinaglutide[tiab] OR Ozempic[tiab] OR Victoza[tiab] OR Trulicity[tiab] OR Byetta[tiab] | 42,784
6 | 4 OR 5 | 44,306
7 | "Dementia"[Mesh] OR "Cognitive Dysfunction"[Mesh] OR "Cognition"[Mesh:NoExp] OR "Cognition Disorders"[Mesh:NoExp] | 457,445
8 | dementia[tiab] OR alzheimer*[tiab] OR "cognitive decline"[tiab] OR "cognitive impairment"[tiab] OR "cognitive dysfunction"[tiab] OR "cognitive function*"[tiab] OR "cognitive performance"[tiab] OR cognition[tiab] OR neurocognitive[tiab] OR "memory impairment"[tiab] OR "memory loss"[tiab] OR "executive function*"[tiab] OR neurodegenerat*[tiab] | 791,327
9 | 7 OR 8 | 912,006
10 | 3 AND 6 AND 9 | 752
11 | "Comment"[Publication Type] OR "Editorial"[Publication Type] OR "Letter"[Publication Type] OR "Case Reports"[Publication Type] OR "Preprint"[Publication Type] | 4,884,955
12 | 10 NOT 11 | 726
13 | 12 AND english[la] | 709

Final query as run through NCBI E-utilities (line 13):
(((("Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"[Mesh]) OR ("type 2 diabet*"[tiab] OR "type II diabet*"[tiab] OR "diabetes mellitus type 2"[tiab] OR "diabetes type 2"[tiab] OR T2DM[tiab] OR T2D[tiab] OR NIDDM[tiab] OR "non insulin dependent diabetes"[tiab] OR "adult onset diabetes"[tiab])) AND (("Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists"[Mesh] OR "Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor"[Mesh] OR "Glucagon-Like Peptide 1"[Mesh] OR "Incretins"[Mesh] OR "Liraglutide"[Mesh] OR "Exenatide"[Mesh] OR "Semaglutide"[Mesh] OR "dulaglutide"[Supplementary Concept] OR "lixisenatide"[Supplementary Concept] OR "Tirzepatide"[Mesh]) OR ("GLP-1"[tiab] OR GLP1[tiab] OR "GLP-1RA"[tiab] OR "GLP-1RAs"[tiab] OR "glucagon-like peptide-1"[tiab] OR incretin*[tiab] OR liraglutide[tiab] OR exenatide[tiab] OR semaglutide[tiab] OR dulaglutide[tiab] OR lixisenatide[tiab] OR albiglutide[tiab] OR tirzepatide[tiab] OR efpeglenatide[tiab] OR taspoglutide[tiab] OR beinaglutide[tiab] OR Ozempic[tiab] OR Victoza[tiab] OR Trulicity[tiab] OR Byetta[tiab])) AND (("Dementia"[Mesh] OR "Cognitive Dysfunction"[Mesh] OR "Cognition"[Mesh:NoExp] OR "Cognition Disorders"[Mesh:NoExp]) OR (dementia[tiab] OR alzheimer*[tiab] OR "cognitive decline"[tiab] OR "cognitive impairment"[tiab] OR "cognitive dysfunction"[tiab] OR "cognitive function*"[tiab] OR "cognitive performance"[tiab] OR cognition[tiab] OR neurocognitive[tiab] OR "memory impairment"[tiab] OR "memory loss"[tiab] OR "executive function*"[tiab] OR neurodegenerat*[tiab]))) NOT ("Comment"[Publication Type] OR "Editorial"[Publication Type] OR "Letter"[Publication Type] OR "Case Reports"[Publication Type] OR "Preprint"[Publication Type])) AND english[la]

AI-use statement:
The PubMed search strategy was drafted with the PICO search builder. It used the large language model claude-opus-5-5 (Anthropic; accessed October 29, 2026) to propose search concepts and terms from the review question. The tool made 1 call to the model at high effort (the draft); claude-opus-5-5 was requested and answered it. A refusal fallback was enabled (had the model declined a request, the API could have run it again on another model Anthropic recommends); it was not used. Every MeSH heading, Supplementary Concept and publication type the strategy searches was checked against NLM MeSH (id.nlm.nih.gov) before use: 20 valid. 1 proposed heading that does not exist was removed from the search. Each numbered line was run in PubMed through NCBI E-utilities between October 28, 2026 and October 29, 2026, and PubMed's own diagnostics (phrases not found, ignored words, lost truncation) were checked. A searcher must review the strategy before it is used. The prompts, the model output and every version are in the provenance file (JSON export).

Review question: In adults with type 2 diabetes, are GLP-1 receptor agonists associated with the risk of dementia or cognitive decline?
Run 1a6ed389-4ed8-4545-a628-bae7a5419e6e, exported October 29, 2026 from the PICO search builder.