PMID- 42940291 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20261027 LR - 20261028 IS - 2304-8158 (Print) IS - 2304-8158 (Electronic) IS - 2304-8158 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 20 DP - 2026 Oct 15 TI - Exploring Rural Children's Ideal Healthy Smoothie: A Visual Focus Group Study. LID - 10.3390/foods15203653 [doi] LID - 3653 AB - Children can increase fruit and vegetable intake by consuming smoothies. However, most commercial smoothies contain excessive sugar due to the high proportion of apple juice within recipes. Including children, particularly those from potentially under-served communities, within the smoothie innovation journey is essential to develop healthier recipes that are also acceptable. Therefore, this study examined children's perceptions of healthier smoothie base ingredients using a visual focus group methodology (i.e., creative drawing tasks with group discussions) that we have recently adapted for the food and drink industry context. Children attending a rural primary school (n = 28; 60.7% male) completed drawings on their current smoothie drinking behaviours, their ideal healthy smoothie, and barriers to consumption. Smoothies typically contained strawberries, bananas, blueberries, dairy-based milk, and ice, as well as calorically dense ingredients (e.g., ice cream and chocolate). Children's ideal healthy smoothie contained fruit, ice and dairy-based milk, and the inclusion of vegetables, too many ingredients, a lumpy texture, and a large portion size were reported barriers. These findings highlight dairy-based milk, ice and whole fruit as potential ingredients for future product formulations, as well as the importance of co-creation and the effectiveness of visual focus groups as a method to elicit children's ideas. FAU - Randall, Tennessee AU - Randall T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3638-474X AD - School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. FAU - Walters, Danni AU - Walters D AD - Twisted Orange, 14 Ballard Grove Sidford, Sidmouth EX10 9EP, UK. AD - School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK. FAU - Rouse, Natalie AU - Rouse N AD - Twisted Orange, 14 Ballard Grove Sidford, Sidmouth EX10 9EP, UK. FAU - Owens, Tomos AU - Owens T AD - Smwddis Swig Smoothies CYF, Elm Croft, Campbell Road, Caernarfon LL55 1BG, UK. FAU - Lloyd, Amanda J AU - Lloyd AJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0775-3537 AD - Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK. FAU - Neilson, Louise AU - Neilson L AD - Twisted Orange, 14 Ballard Grove Sidford, Sidmouth EX10 9EP, UK. FAU - Wilkinson, Laura L AU - Wilkinson LL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8093-0843 AD - School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. LA - eng GR - BB/X010805/1/Consumer Lab, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), with support from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), Innovate UK and the Medical Research Council (MRC)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261015 PL - Switzerland TA - Foods JT - Foods (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101670569 PMC - PMC13704675 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anticipated acceptance OT - children OT - co-creation OT - drawing tasks OT - fruit OT - primary school OT - sensory properties OT - smoothie OT - theory of planned behaviour OT - vegetables COIS- The authors declare that this study received funding from the Consumer Lab Hub funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), with support from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), Innovate UK and the Medical Research Council (MRC) grant reference BB/X010805/1. Awarded to Laura L. Wilkinson as Principal Investigator. The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article or the decision to submit it for publication. The time that Tennessee Randall contributed to conducting the study was funded by the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales (HEFCW). The time that Tennessee Randall contributed to dissemination and impact for this project was funded by the UK Research and Innovation Building a Green Future strategic theme (Grant [UKRI239]). The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article or the decision to submit it for publication. The authors were awarded a Business Interaction Voucher (BIVs) from the Consumer Lab Hub, which are designed to nurture proof-of-concept projects involving collaborations between academic and industry partners. Our industry partners in this project were authors Tomos Owen (business owner of Swig Smoothies), Louise Neilson (Director of Twisted Orange Ltd.) and Natalie Rouse (Consultant at Twisted Orange Ltd.). We note that on prior occasions unrelated to the current project, authors Danni Walters, Laura Wilkinson and Amanda Lloyd have had consultancy relationships with Twisted Orange Ltd. The project was conceptualised collaboratively by the academic and industry partners. Whilst the industry partners may benefit from the results of this project, they are not the sole recipients of results and results are to contribute to a healthy and sustainable food system for children. They did not place any limitations or restrictions on research design, or communication or publication of results. EDAT- 2026/10/27 11:32 MHDA- 2026/10/27 11:33 PMCR- 2026/10/15 CRDT- 2026/10/27 10:36 PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/10/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/10/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/27 11:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/27 10:36 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - foods15203653 [pii] AID - foods-15-03653 [pii] AID - 10.3390/foods15203653 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Foods. 2026 Oct 15;15(20):3653. doi: 10.3390/foods15203653. PMID- 42928197 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261026 LR - 20261028 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jul 29 TI - Influence of commonly consumed beverages on surface roughness and color stability of resin-based composites before and after thermocycling. LID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09448-3 [doi] LID - 2095 AB - BACKGROUND: Frequent consumption of acidic and chromogenic beverages is common among children and may affect the longevity of direct restorations. Resin-based composites with differing resin matrix microstructures may exhibit distinct levels of resistance to discoloration and surface changes. However, scientific data regarding this issue is lacking. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of commonly consumed beverages on the surface roughness average (Ra) and color properties (color difference [DeltaE(00)] and relative translucency parameter [RTP(00)]) of resin-based composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 96 specimens (10 mm in diameter x 2 mm in thickness) were fabricated from 3 resin-based composites: An ormocer-based composite (Admira Fusion 5), a nanohybrid composite (Grandio SO), and a microhybrid composite (Filtek Z250). Measurements were obtained at three sequential phases: (1) baseline, (2) after thermocycling, and (3) after immersion in commonly consumed beverages. At baseline, the color coordinates of the specimens were recorded using a spectrophotometer, and Ra values were measured using a contact profilometer (Phase I). Following 5,000 thermocycles, color coordinates and Ra values were measured again (Phase II). Subsequently, all specimens were immersed for 6 days in commonly consumed beverages-distilled water (control), cola, cocoa milk, and iced tea-and the same measurements were repeated (Phase III). Color coordinates measured at each phase were used not only to determine DeltaE(00) between the experimental phases but also to compute RTP(00) values at each phase. Data were statistically analyzed (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: Thermocycling significantly affected RTP(00) and DeltaE(00) values of the tested composites, although its effect on surface roughness was not significant. Dental composite material significantly affected Ra, RTP(00), and thermocycling-related DeltaE(00) values. During beverage immersion, solution type significantly affected DeltaE(00) values, with a significant material x solution interaction indicating material-dependent staining behavior. Grandio SO exhibited the highest discoloration after cola and iced tea immersion, whereas Admira Fusion 5 demonstrated greater color stability across beverages. CONCLUSION: Resin-based composites responded differently to thermocycling and beverage exposure according to their resin matrix composition. The ormocer-based composite showed better color stability, although the nanohybrid composite was more susceptible to translucency changes and beverage-induced discoloration. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Sahin, Melisa AU - Sahin M AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, 99138, Turkiye. FAU - Ozyilkan, Dila AU - Ozyilkan D AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, 99138, Turkiye. dila.ozyilkan@neu.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260729 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 RN - 0 (Composite Resins) RN - 0 (admira) RN - 0 (Grandio) RN - 0 (Filtek Z250) RN - 0 (Organically Modified Ceramics) RN - 0 (Dental Materials) RN - 0 (Methacrylates) RN - 0 (Siloxanes) SB - IM MH - *Composite Resins/chemistry MH - Surface Properties MH - *Beverages MH - Color MH - Materials Testing MH - Organically Modified Ceramics/chemistry MH - Spectrophotometry MH - Carbonated Beverages MH - Humans MH - In Vitro Techniques MH - *Dental Materials/chemistry MH - Temperature MH - Methacrylates/chemistry MH - Siloxanes PMC - PMC13700222 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Color stability OT - Composites OT - Ormocer OT - Relative translucency OT - Surface roughness COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was waived as this study was conducted in vitro and did not involve human participants or animals. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/10/26 05:30 MHDA- 2026/10/26 05:31 PMCR- 2026/07/29 CRDT- 2026/10/26 00:19 PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/26 05:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/26 05:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/26 00:19 [entrez] PHST- 2026/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09448-3 [pii] AID - 9448 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-026-09448-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2026 Jul 29;26(1):2095. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-09448-3. PMID- 42898034 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261020 IS - 1360-0443 (Electronic) IS - 0965-2140 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 20 TI - Flavored e-cigarette use and its association with subsequent short-term e-cigarette abstinence among youth, young adults and adults: Findings from the United States longitudinal population assessment of tobacco use and health, 2016 to 2023. LID - 10.1111/add.70674 [doi] AB - AIMS: This study examined e-cigarette flavor use and its prospective association with short-term e-cigarette abstinence among youth (12-17 years old), young adults (18-24 years old) and adults (25+ years old) using United States (US)-representative data. DESIGN: Observational study using longitudinal data obtained from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, waves 4-7 (2016-2023). A lagged design assessed three wave-pairings per participant. SETTING: Household computer-assisted self-interviews of US youth and adults from 2016 to 2023. PARTICIPANTS: A total of n = 8418 non-institutionalized youth and adults in the US. MEASUREMENTS: The primary exposure was past 30-day e-cigarette flavor use at the previous wave using the following mutually exclusive flavor groupings: exclusive tobacco flavor or flavorless e-cigarette use, exclusive menthol/mint flavor, exclusive sweet flavors (e.g. candy, fruit, chocolate, clove/spice) or use of multiple e-cigarette flavors (defined as individuals vaping multiple flavor combinations from: tobacco/flavorless, menthol/mint and sweet flavors); the primary outcome was past 30-day e-cigarette abstinence at the subsequent wave (yes/no). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models examined prospective association between e-cigarette flavor type and covariates [e.g. demographics, e-cigarette dependence (time to first e-cigarette: 30 minutes), dual cigarette and e-cigarette use (yes/no)], on e-cigarette abstinence (primary outcome). We ran an overall GEE model adjusting for age group and three individual GEE models stratified by age group. All estimates were weighted. RESULTS: Exclusive sweet flavors were the most common e-cigarette flavor used among youth (46%), young adults (44%) and adults (41%). In the adjusted model, young adults [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.0-4.3, P < 0.001] and adults (AOR = 4.58, 95% CI = 3.8-5.6, P < 0.001) who vaped in the past 30 days had higher odds of subsequent e-cigarette abstinence compared with youth who vaped in the past 30 days. Across ages, among past 30-day vapers, exclusive tobacco/flavorless e-cigarette use was prospectively associated with increased e-cigarette abstinence (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.9-2.5, P < 0.001), multiple-flavor-use was associated with decreased e-cigarette abstinence (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.53-0.71, P < 0.001), compared with exclusive menthol or sweet-flavored e-cigarette use. Dual e-cigarette and cigarette use was prospectively associated with reduced e-cigarette abstinence in young adults (AOR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.50-0.80, P < 0.001), yet increased e-cigarette abstinence in adults (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1-1.6, P < 0.001). SUMMARY: Among adults and youth in the United States, exclusive vaping of sweet, menthol or multiple flavors, compared with tobacco/flavorless products, appears to decrease odds of later short-term e-cigarette abstinence. CI - (c) 2026 Society for the Study of Addiction. FAU - Streck, Joanna M AU - Streck JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7842-9080 AD - Center for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Hyatt, Andrew S AU - Hyatt AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1135-6195 AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Health Evaluation Research Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA. FAU - Schuster, Randi M AU - Schuster RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5710-9301 AD - Center for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Gilman, Jodi AU - Gilman J AD - Center for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Levy, Sharon AU - Levy S AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Division of Addiction Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Winickoff, Jonathan P AU - Winickoff JP AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Evins, A Eden AU - Evins AE AD - Center for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. AD - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261020 PL - England TA - Addiction JT - Addiction (Abingdon, England) JID - 9304118 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - abstinence OT - adults OT - epidemiology OT - e-cigarette OT - flavors OT - population assessment of tobacco and health OT - vaping OT - youth EDAT- 2026/10/20 05:30 MHDA- 2026/10/20 05:30 CRDT- 2026/10/20 04:12 PHST- 2026/01/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/20 05:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/20 05:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/20 04:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/add.70674 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Addiction. 2026 Oct 20. doi: 10.1111/add.70674. PMID- 42884708 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261016 LR - 20261022 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 19 DP - 2026 Oct 2 TI - The Nutrition Facts of Comfort Foods in the United States: Results from the Census-Matched Eating in America Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18193257 [doi] LID - 3257 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Comfort foods are perceived as energy dense and highly palatable, yet little empirical research documenting the veracity of such perceptions exists. METHODS: We analyzed comfort foods for nutrient content, hyperpalatability, ultra-processing, and by demographic factors, hypothesizing poor nutritional profiles (higher fat, sugar, sodium, ultra-processing) and demographic differences in preferences. US census-matched respondents (N = 1760) self-identifying as comfort eaters listed their top three "comfort foods" through an online survey assessing comfort eating behavior and demographics (age, gender, US residence region). Trained raters abstracted nutrient contents for nominated foods using public reference databases and compared them against established nutritional recommendations (percent daily values [%DV]). We categorized foods by hyperpalatability and Nova classifications. Summary statistics were calculated overall and by demographic group. Two-sample t- and one-way ANOVA tests evaluated nutritional and demographic group differences. RESULTS: N = 300 unique foods/beverages were nominated as top comfort foods, collapsible into n = 132 groupings by similarity (e.g., in ingredients, preparation). The top five groupings were chips, ice cream, pizza, chocolate, and cookies. Notable proportions of comfort foods were low (<5%DV) sources of fiber (60.7%), high (>20% DV) sources of saturated fat (29.7%) and sodium (31.7%), hyperpalatable (72.7%) (especially of the "meats/meal" variety (54.3%)), and 100% ultra-processed (42.7%). Slight differences (p < 0.05) in preferred foods' nutrient content, hyperpalatability, and ultra-processing by age, gender, and region emerged. CONCLUSIONS: US comfort foods range widely but converge on certain foods. Nutritional quality could broadly improve; demographic differences are minor. These findings enhance the practical understanding of comfort food nutrition and inform efforts towards healthier comfort food selection. FAU - Chiu, Dorothy T AU - Chiu DT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4826-6217 AD - Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA. FAU - Cummings, Jenna R AU - Cummings JR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8124-2666 AD - Department of Psychology, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZA, UK. FAU - Martinez-Steele, Euridice AU - Martinez-Steele E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2907-3153 AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil. AD - Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil. FAU - Lopez, Alejandra T AU - Lopez AT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5258-7868 AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Chellis, Jillian AU - Chellis J AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Tan, Juanyi AU - Tan J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0083-258X AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. AD - Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. FAU - Smith, Katrina M AU - Smith KM AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0429-9774 AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Panda, Sameeksha AU - Panda S AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2017-8430 AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Finch, Laura E AU - Finch LE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2389-349X AD - The Bridge at NORC, NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. FAU - Tomiyama, A Janet AU - Tomiyama AJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2152-5813 AD - Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. LA - eng GR - BCS2220295/U.S. National Science Foundation/ GR - T32AT003997/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01DK128575/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 DK134906/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL158555/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 AT003997/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/United States GR - R21DK134906/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK128575/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01HL158555/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261002 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - United States MH - Female MH - *Nutritive Value MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Food Preferences MH - Middle Aged MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - *Food Labeling PMC - PMC13667082 OTO - NOTNLM OT - American diet OT - comfort eating OT - hyperpalatable foods OT - stress eating OT - ultra-processed foods COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/10/16 05:33 MHDA- 2026/10/16 05:34 PMCR- 2026/10/02 CRDT- 2026/10/16 01:10 PHST- 2026/08/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/16 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/16 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2026/10/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18193257 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-03257 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18193257 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Oct 2;18(19):3257. doi: 10.3390/nu18193257. PMID- 42866963 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261013 IS - 1360-0443 (Electronic) IS - 0965-2140 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 13 TI - Identification and quantification of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and the synthetic cannabinoid MDMB-4en-PINACA in edible products seized by United Kingdom police in 2024. LID - 10.1111/add.70611 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cannabis edible products are increasingly being sold on the illicit market around the world. Use of these products, typically labelled as containing Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), has been linked to adverse health effects, particularly amongst adolescents. Here, we aimed to conduct the first study to quantify the THC content of cannabis edibles seized by United Kingdom (UK) police forces. We also sought to identify and quantify other drugs present, perform a visual analysis of packaging designs and evaluate the effectiveness of a field-portable device for rapid drug identification directly from the surface of edible products. DESIGN: Edible products were obtained by convenience sampling from Merseyside and Avon & Somerset police forces during 2024. Sample bias was considered in the analysis and reporting. SETTING AND CASES: A total of 79 individual edibles originating from 31 products were analysed. From 31 products, 24 featured unique packaging designs. For the remaining seven products, duplicate designs were analysed to assess variability. Analysis was performed in laboratory settings at the University of Bath. MEASUREMENTS: Visual inspection of packaging. Screening of edible products using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS/MS). Quantification of THC and the synthetic cannabinoid (SC) MDMB-4en-PINACA using LC-HR-MS/MS following a previously described sample preparation method. Evaluation of a field-portable fluorescence and photochemical degradation-based device for detecting THC and SCs directly on the surface of edible products. RESULTS: Visual analysis revealed 19/24 (79%) edible products unique in design featured packaging that mimicked popular confectionery brands. THC was detected in 70/79 (88.6%) individual edibles analysed with a median dose per edible of 13.71 mg (interquartile range = 8.57 mg). We show that 65/68 (95%) edibles labelled with a claimed THC dose contained less than 55% of content stated. Substantial inter-product variability (e.g. 6.07-29.22 mg THC in edibles labelled as 75 mg) and intra-product variability (dose difference >5 mg THC between items in the same pack for 8/25 packs) were found. One product was shown to contain the SC MDMB-4en-PINACA (mean 11.27 mg/edible) instead of THC. The portable device demonstrated 94% accuracy (100% on solid sweets/chocolates) in identifying THC/SC content compared with LC-HR-MS/MS. SUMMARY: llicit edible products seized in the United Kingdom appear to use misleading packaging attractive to children, appear to exhibit variable and inaccurate Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) dosing and can potentially contain synthetic cannabinoids instead of THC. Field-portable detection technology shows promise for rapid, point-of-care drug identification. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction. FAU - Gardner, Matthew AU - Gardner M AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK. FAU - Proctor, Kathryn AU - Proctor K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9141-5639 AD - Material and Chemical Characterisation Facility, University of Bath, Bath, UK. FAU - Old, Martha AU - Old M AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK. FAU - Cozier, Gyles AU - Cozier G AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK. FAU - Sutcliffe, Oliver AU - Sutcliffe O AD - Manchester Drug Analysis and Knowledge Exchange (MANDRAKE), Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK. FAU - Scott, Jennifer AU - Scott J AD - Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. FAU - Husbands, Stephen M AU - Husbands SM AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK. FAU - Freeman, Tom P AU - Freeman TP AD - Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK. FAU - Sunderland, Peter AU - Sunderland P AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK. FAU - Pudney, Christopher R AU - Pudney CR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6211-0086 AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK. LA - eng GR - EP/L016354/1/Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council/ GR - EP/V026917/1/Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261013 PL - England TA - Addiction JT - Addiction (Abingdon, England) JID - 9304118 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - THC OT - cannabis OT - drug checking OT - edible OT - spice OT - synthetic cannabinoid EDAT- 2026/10/13 17:37 MHDA- 2026/10/13 17:37 CRDT- 2026/10/13 15:12 PHST- 2025/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/13 17:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/13 17:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/13 15:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/add.70611 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Addiction. 2026 Oct 13. doi: 10.1111/add.70611. PMID- 42836311 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20261006 IS - 2473-4446 (Electronic) IS - 2473-3938 (Linking) DP - 2026 Oct 6 TI - Individual effects of a nutritional supplementation blend on sleep in professional under-17 footballers: a replicate crossover trial. PG - 1-16 LID - 10.1080/24733938.2026.2741064 [doi] AB - To estimate sleep-related mean and individual effects of a supplementation blend comprising 15,000 mg cherry juice concentrate, 220 mg cherry extract, 250 mg cocoa extract, 200 mg of tryptophan, 100 mg of L-5-hydroxytryptophan, 3000 mg of glycine, 300 mg of magnesium, and 200 mg of theanine in youth Middle Eastern football players. Using a two-cycle replicate crossover design, 12 male youth football players (age = 16.1 +/- 0.4 years, body mass = 70 +/- 8.5 kg, stature = 179 +/- 7.5 cm) completed two identical supplementation and two identical placebo (40-g dual-source carbohydrate gel) conditions, each lasting 2 days and in randomized sequences following the rest days subsequent to official match-play. Wrist-worn actigraphy measured time asleep, wake-after-sleep onset, sleep onset latency, and sleep efficiency in free-living conditions. Between-cycle Pearson's correlation coefficients quantified the consistency of the placebo-adjusted sleep responses to active supplementation for the first night and two-night averaged administration effects, respectively. Within-person linear mixed models and random-effects meta-analyses quantified person-by-supplementation response variability. For all administration comparisons and sleep outcomes, the between-cycle correlations were trivial (r range = -0.25 to 0.17, all p >/= 0.43), with linear mixed modelling and meta-analytic approaches indicating trivial replicate-averaged supplementation effects. Participant-by-supplementation variability in sleep responses was trivial, indicated by the individual treatment estimates showing strong shrinkage toward the mean. Aggregated sets of n-of-1 trials revealed trivial replicate-averaged treatment effects and a lack of meaningful individual differences in placebo-adjusted sleep responses to blend supplementation in male youth Middle Eastern football players. FAU - Jackson, Thomas G AU - Jackson TG AD - Football Performance and Science Department, Aspire Academy, Aspire Zone Foundation, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Di Salvo, Valter AU - Di Salvo V AD - Football Performance and Science Department, Aspire Academy, Aspire Zone Foundation, Doha, Qatar. AD - Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy. FAU - Parker, Lloyd J F AU - Parker LJF AD - Football Performance and Science Department, Aspire Academy, Aspire Zone Foundation, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Tzatzakis, Theofanis AU - Tzatzakis T AD - Football Performance and Science Department, Aspire Academy, Aspire Zone Foundation, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Atkinson, Greg AU - Atkinson G AD - School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. FAU - Lolli, Lorenzo AU - Lolli L AD - Football Performance and Science Department, Aspire Academy, Aspire Zone Foundation, Doha, Qatar. AD - Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20261006 PL - England TA - Sci Med Footb JT - Science & medicine in football JID - 101724288 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Sleep OT - precision nutrition OT - recovery OT - replicate crossover OT - tryptophan EDAT- 2026/10/06 11:31 MHDA- 2026/10/06 11:31 CRDT- 2026/10/06 07:40 PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [medline] PHST- 2026/10/06 11:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/10/06 07:40 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/24733938.2026.2741064 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Sci Med Footb. 2026 Oct 6:1-16. doi: 10.1080/24733938.2026.2741064. PMID- 42794327 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260926 LR - 20260929 IS - 2310-2861 (Electronic) IS - 2310-2861 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 9 DP - 2026 Aug 31 TI - A Comparative Study of Commercial 3D Printers for Food Fabrication Based on Printing Ink Gels. LID - 10.3390/gels12090777 [doi] LID - 777 AB - The increasing awareness of dietary health among residents has pushed the development of the food industry towards the field of personalized, nutrition-balanced and specific foods to cater to the demands of special populations, including children, elders, obese people and vegetarians. In recent years, 3D food printing technology has gained increasing attention due to its great potential in the preparation of personalized and nutrition-balanced foods. In this study, four types of 3D food printing technology, including extrusion-based printing technology, inkjet printing technology, binder jet printing technology and selective laser sintering printing technology, are illustrated in detail to compare their mechanisms, procedures, merits and applications. Among these 3D printing technologies, extrusion-based printing technology is dominant over other types of 3D food printing technologies. In addition, various commercial 3D printer devices based on different printing ink gels are presented in detail, and their application in different food preparations, such as chocolate, biscuits, candy, and coffee, is demonstrated, indicating the status and future of 3D food printing technology. In conclusion, 3D food printing is a promising direction for future trends of food development, allowing for the manufacture of personalized and nutrition-balanced food, diversification of food production and co-participation in food preparation. FAU - Xu, Ying AU - Xu Y AD - College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China. FAU - Xu, Wenbo AU - Xu W AD - College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China. FAU - Pan, Jingfu AU - Pan J AD - School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaochen AU - Chen X AD - School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China. FAU - Lin, Lin AU - Lin L AD - School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China. FAU - Zhu, Yulin AU - Zhu Y AD - College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China. FAU - Song, Rentai AU - Song R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7206-6696 AD - College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China. LA - eng GR - ZR2021QC214/Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation/ GR - 5591/King Faisal University/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260831 PL - Switzerland TA - Gels JT - Gels (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101696925 PMC - PMC13606077 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 3D food printing OT - extrusion OT - food ink gels OT - nutrients OT - printer COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/09/26 05:35 MHDA- 2026/09/26 05:36 PMCR- 2026/08/31 CRDT- 2026/09/26 01:07 PHST- 2026/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/26 05:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/26 01:07 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - gels12090777 [pii] AID - gels-12-00777 [pii] AID - 10.3390/gels12090777 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Gels. 2026 Aug 31;12(9):777. doi: 10.3390/gels12090777. PMID- 42786457 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260925 LR - 20260927 IS - 2662-7671 (Electronic) IS - 2662-7671 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Sep 17 TI - Real-life use of non-pharmacological strategies and their relationship with symptom burden in primary dysmenorrhea: a cross-sectional study. LID - 10.1186/s12906-026-05601-1 [doi] LID - 276 AB - BACKGROUND: Primary dysmenorrhea is a common health problem among women of reproductive age that negatively affects quality of life. Due to the limitations of pharmacological treatments, many women adopt non-pharmacological strategies. However, little is known about how the use of these strategies relates to multidimensional symptom profiles. This study aimed to examine the association between pain intensity, multidimensional menstrual symptom profiles, and the use of non-pharmacological strategies. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 199 women aged >/= 18 years. Data were collected using a Descriptive Information Form, the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ), and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis were performed. As this was an exploratory study, only unadjusted bivariate analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 23.18 +/- 4.30 years, and the mean age at menarche was 13.16 +/- 1.41 years. A family history of dysmenorrhea was reported by 60.3% of participants, and 44.7% stated that dysmenorrhea substantially affected daily life. Overall, 68.8% reported using non-pharmacological methods. Among CAM users (n = 137), the most commonly reported methods were heat application (80.3%), massage (35.8%), chamomile or fennel tea (35.8%), and consumption of dark chocolate (32.8%). Pain intensity was positively correlated with MSQ total and subscale scores (p < 0.001). Women using heat application, massage, progressive muscle relaxation, and dark chocolate had significantly higher lower abdominal pain scores than non-users (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Women with primary dysmenorrhea experienced a multidimensional symptom burden extending beyond pain intensity. Greater symptom burden and the use of non-pharmacological methods frequently co-occurred. However, because of the cross-sectional and exploratory design, these findings should not be interpreted as evidence of treatment effectiveness or causal relationships. Routine multidimensional symptom assessment may support patient-centered, evidence-informed counseling on non-pharmacological management options. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Kucuk, Sibel AU - Kucuk S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2088-0792 AD - Health Services Vocational School, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey. sibelkucuk@harran.edu.tr. FAU - Avci, Sezer AU - Avci S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3575-4585 AD - Afsin School of Health, Department of Nursing, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. FAU - Sevil, Umran AU - Sevil U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8973-3002 AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260917 PL - England TA - BMC Complement Med Ther JT - BMC complementary medicine and therapies JID - 101761232 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dysmenorrhea/therapy MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Symptom Burden MH - Young Adult MH - Quality of Life MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Complementary Therapies/methods MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13613826 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Complementary and alternative medicine OT - Menstrual pain OT - Menstrual symptom questionnaire OT - Non-pharmacological interventions OT - Primary dysmenorrhea COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee (dated 28.05.2025, decision no: 2025/071) and from the Provincial Directorate of Health (E-52941166-799-289732202). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/25 05:32 MHDA- 2026/09/25 05:33 PMCR- 2026/09/17 CRDT- 2026/09/24 23:57 PHST- 2026/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/25 05:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/24 23:57 [entrez] PHST- 2026/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12906-026-05601-1 [pii] AID - 5601 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12906-026-05601-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Complement Med Ther. 2026 Sep 17;26(1):276. doi: 10.1186/s12906-026-05601-1. PMID- 42716241 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20261019 LR - 20261019 IS - 1873-6351 (Electronic) IS - 0278-6915 (Linking) VI - 218 DP - 2026 Dec TI - Dietary exposure to mycotoxins for children aged 3-11 years from a Dutch Total Diet Study. PG - 116383 LID - S0278-6915(26)00458-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2026.116383 [doi] AB - In 2022, a total diet study was conducted in the Netherlands in which mycotoxins were analysed in foods and beverages consumed by children aged 3-11 years. These mycotoxins were aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, beauvericin, citrinin, 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol, enniatins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, moniliformin, mycophenolic acid, ochratoxin A, penicillic acid, roquefortine C, sterigmatocystin, trichothecenes, and zearalenone. Long-term exposure was calculated by combining concentrations in foods and beverages with their consumed amounts. Analysed foods and beverages with a concentration below the limit of quantification that could contain the mycotoxin were assigned a concentration equal to zero or this limit value. The 95th percentiles of long-term exposure were compared with a toxicological reference value or a margin of exposure was calculated. Exposure to aflatoxins, alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, ochratoxin A and T-2/HT-2 sum showed that a health concern cannot be excluded. Foods that contributed most to the exposure to these mycotoxins were bread, breakfast cereals, chocolates, fruit juices, oils and fats, nuts and tomatoes and tomato products. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Boon, P E AU - Boon PE AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, 3729, the Netherlands. Electronic address: polly.boon@rivm.nl. FAU - de Pagter-de Witte, L AU - de Pagter-de Witte L AD - Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 230, Wageningen, 6700 AE, the Netherlands. FAU - Vrijenhoek, N G AU - Vrijenhoek NG AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, 3729, the Netherlands. FAU - Te Biesebeek, J D AU - Te Biesebeek JD AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, 3729, the Netherlands. FAU - van Dam, R J C AU - van Dam RJC AD - Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 230, Wageningen, 6700 AE, the Netherlands. FAU - Castenmiller, J J M AU - Castenmiller JJM AD - Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), P.O. Box 43006, Utrecht, 3540 AA, the Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260909 PL - England TA - Food Chem Toxicol JT - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association JID - 8207483 RN - 0 (Mycotoxins) SB - IM MH - *Mycotoxins/analysis/toxicity MH - Netherlands MH - *Dietary Exposure/analysis MH - *Food Contamination/analysis MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Child MH - Beverages/analysis MH - *Diet OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Risk assessment OT - The Netherlands OT - Total diet study COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/09/09 23:36 MHDA- 2026/10/19 23:30 CRDT- 2026/09/09 19:12 PHST- 2026/03/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/09/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/10/19 23:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/09 23:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/09 19:12 [entrez] AID - S0278-6915(26)00458-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2026.116383 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Chem Toxicol. 2026 Dec;218:116383. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2026.116383. Epub 2026 Sep 9. PMID- 42711739 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260909 LR - 20260911 IS - 2050-7283 (Electronic) IS - 2050-7283 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Aug 10 TI - A lifespan perspective on stress and happiness: a qualitative metaphor analysis of young and older adults. LID - 10.1186/s40359-026-05304-9 [doi] LID - 1309 AB - BACKGROUND: This study examines the metaphorical perceptions of 'stress' and 'happiness' among older and younger individuals. METHODS: The sample consisted of 367 participants (185 young adults and 182 older adults). Data were collected through a structured form including sociodemographic questions and open-ended prompts (e.g., "Stress is like... because..."; "Happiness is like... because..."). Metaphors were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify recurring thematic patterns. RESULTS: Among older individuals, the most frequently used metaphors for stress were illness, loneliness, and pain, while metaphors for happiness included health, family, money, and prayer. In contrast, younger individuals most commonly associated stress with illness, sadness, anxiety, and fear, whereas happiness was metaphorically linked to chocolate, butterflies, and peace. The findings suggest that older individuals' metaphorical perceptions of stress and happiness tend to be more enduring and grounded in quality-of-life factors such as health, social ties, and spirituality. In contrast, younger individuals' perceptions tended to be more emotionally driven and shaped by personal, immediate life experiences. CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to understanding subjective well-being through age-related differences and provides implications for the development of age-appropriate psychological interventions. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Oner, Kamile AU - Oner K AD - Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri, Turkiye. kamileoner@karatekin.edu.tr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260810 PL - England TA - BMC Psychol JT - BMC psychology JID - 101627676 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Happiness MH - Aged MH - Female MH - *Stress, Psychological/psychology MH - Male MH - *Metaphor MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Aging/psychology MH - Qualitative Research MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Age Factors MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC13556026 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Happiness OT - Metaphor OT - Older adults OT - Stress OT - Young adults COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Health Sciences Ethics Committee of Cankiri Karatekin University (Decision No: 4, Date: 15.12.2022). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/09/09 07:07 MHDA- 2026/09/09 11:38 PMCR- 2026/08/10 CRDT- 2026/09/09 04:58 PHST- 2026/05/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/09 11:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/09/09 07:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/09/09 04:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-05304-9 [pii] AID - 5304 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40359-026-05304-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Psychol. 2026 Aug 10;14(1):1309. doi: 10.1186/s40359-026-05304-9. PMID- 42660291 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260919 IS - 1534-4436 (Electronic) IS - 1081-1206 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 27 TI - Cross-reactivity between cacao and tree nuts in a pediatric allergic patient. LID - S1081-1206(26)00419-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.anai.2026.08.022 [doi] FAU - Torres, Ana Lucia Gonzalez AU - Torres ALG AD - Pediatric Allergy Unit, Pediatrics Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruna, Coruna, Spain. FAU - Rodriguez, Ana Las Hayas AU - Rodriguez ALH AD - Pediatric Allergy Unit, Pediatrics Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruna, Coruna, Spain. FAU - Martinez, Maria Jose Martinez AU - Martinez MJM AD - Applied Science, Inmunotek S.L., Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Losa, Fernando Pineda de la AU - Losa FP AD - Applied Science, Inmunotek S.L., Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Sexto, Leticia Vila AU - Sexto LV AD - Pediatric Allergy Unit, Pediatrics Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruna, Coruna, Spain. Electronic address: leticia.vila.sexto@sergas.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260827 PL - United States TA - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol JT - Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology JID - 9503580 SB - IM COIS- Disclosures The authors have no conflicts of interest to report. EDAT- 2026/08/28 11:40 MHDA- 2026/08/28 11:40 CRDT- 2026/08/27 19:11 PHST- 2026/07/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:40 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/28 11:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/27 19:11 [entrez] AID - S1081-1206(26)00419-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.anai.2026.08.022 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2026 Aug 27:S1081-1206(26)00419-9. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2026.08.022. PMID- 42641099 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260825 LR - 20260825 IS - 1998-3905 (Electronic) IS - 0970-4388 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Jul 1 TI - Assessment of erosive potential of various condiments on primary teeth: An in vitro study. PG - 455-461 LID - 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_206_26 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIM: Changes in lifestyle and food habits have led to increased consumption of processed foods by children. These foods contain additives which may affect primary teeth enamel. This study aimed to assess the erosive potential of various condiments on primary teeth enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Freshly extracted sound primary teeth were decoronated and sectioned mesiodistally to give 105 tooth sections. They were coated with acid resistant nail varnish, leaving a 5 mm x 5 mm window, and stored in 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Fifteen enamel specimens served as baseline controls and were assessed for surface roughness, surface hardness, and calcium content. The remaining 90 specimens were allocated to six groups ( n = 15) and subjected to the exposure protocol. Six condiments were evaluated for pH, titratable acidity (TA), and viscosity and used to expose enamel specimens ( n = 15/group) twice daily for 15 days, with storage in artificial saliva between exposures. Following this, samples were reassessed and data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: All six condiments were acidic, with the lowest mean pH and highest TA observed for imli sauce, while chocolate syrup showed the highest pH and lowest TA. Veg mayonnaise showed the highest viscosity. Significant changes in enamel surface roughness, surface hardness and apparent calcium content were observed following exposure ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to all six condiments demonstrated erosive potential on primary tooth enamel. Frequent consumption may increase the risk of dental erosion in children, particularly in those with altered salivary characteristics or enamel defects. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. FAU - Subramaniam, Priya AU - Subramaniam P AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Shenoy, Anushree S AU - Shenoy AS LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260825 PL - India TA - J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent JT - Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry JID - 8710631 RN - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) SB - IM MH - *Tooth Erosion/etiology/chemically induced MH - Humans MH - *Tooth, Deciduous MH - *Dental Enamel/chemistry MH - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MH - In Vitro Techniques MH - Surface Properties MH - Hardness MH - Calcium/analysis MH - Viscosity OTO - NOTNLM OT - Condiments OT - enamel OT - erosion OT - primary teeth OT - surface roughness OT - titratable acidity EDAT- 2026/08/25 17:35 MHDA- 2026/08/25 17:36 CRDT- 2026/08/25 15:36 PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/25 17:36 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/25 17:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/25 15:36 [entrez] AID - 00005097-202607000-00014 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_206_26 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2026 Jul 1;44(4):455-461. doi: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_206_26. Epub 2026 Aug 25. PMID- 42633893 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260831 LR - 20260831 IS - 1098-4275 (Electronic) IS - 0031-4005 (Linking) VI - 158 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Marketing Practices and Nutrition Content of Toddler Milk Across the Americas. LID - e2026076449 [pii] LID - 10.1542/peds.2026-076449 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Toddler milk is a breastmilk substitute for young children, yet its marketing and nutritional profile across the Americas has not been systematically synthesized. METHODS: We conducted a content analysis documenting the prevalence of front-of-package claims and imagery on 389 toddler milk products from 14 countries in the Americas. We also compared the nutritional profile of toddler milk with plain cow's milk and chocolate-flavored cow's milk. RESULTS: Nearly all products (99%) displayed at least one front-of-package claim. Claim categories included nutrition-related (97%), health-related (56%), and other marketing (25%). Nutrition-related claims highlighting breastmilk-related components were common; for example, "Contains docosahexaenoic acid" appeared on 52% products. The most common health-related claims referenced brain and cognitive benefits (29%), such as, "Supports brain development." Among other marketing claims, endorsements (eg, "#1 recommended by pediatricians") appeared on 11% of packages. Imagery appeared on 92% of packages. Visual metaphors included shields (32%) and hearts (27%). Nutritionally, toddler milk contained an average total sugar of 6 g/100 mL, higher than plain cow's milk (5 g/100 mL, P < .01) but lower than chocolate-flavored cow's milk (9 g/100 mL, P = .97). Protein averaged 2 g/100 mL, lower than both plain cow's milk (3 g/100 mL, P < .01) and chocolate-flavored cow's milk (3 g/100 mL, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Toddler milk products contain more total sugar and less protein than plain cow's milk, yet claims and imagery promoting nutritional and health benefits are nearly universal on their packaging, raising concerns about how these products are being marketed to caregivers. These findings highlight the need for stronger regulations to ensure transparency and support informed food choices. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 by the American Academy of Pediatrics. FAU - Richter, Ana Paula C AU - Richter APC AD - Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Current affiliation: Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Lazard, Allison J AU - Lazard AJ AD - Hussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. FAU - Duffy, Emily W AU - Duffy EW AD - Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Current affiliation: University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina. FAU - Wallace, Deshira D AU - Wallace DD AD - Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. FAU - Golden, Shelley D AU - Golden SD AD - Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. FAU - Taillie, Lindsey Smith AU - Taillie LS AD - Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. FAU - Hall, Marissa G AU - Hall MG AD - Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. AD - Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Pediatrics JT - Pediatrics JID - 0376422 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Nutritive Value MH - Animals MH - *Milk/chemistry MH - Infant MH - *Marketing/methods MH - Americas MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Milk Substitutes MH - *Food Labeling MH - Female EDAT- 2026/08/23 23:35 MHDA- 2026/08/31 23:43 CRDT- 2026/08/23 20:13 PHST- 2026/02/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/31 23:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/23 23:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/23 20:13 [entrez] AID - 208615 [pii] AID - 10.1542/peds.2026-076449 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatrics. 2026 Sep 1;158(3):e2026076449. doi: 10.1542/peds.2026-076449. PMID- 42618975 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260820 IS - 1398-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0105-4538 (Linking) DP - 2026 Aug 19 TI - Placental Epigenetic Alterations and IL-10 Dysregulation Drive Early Persistent Food Allergy. LID - 10.1111/all.70471 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The mechanisms underlying distinct food allergy (FA) trajectories in children remain unclear. This study aimed to classify FA trajectories and examine differences in placental DNA methylation and serum cytokine profiles. METHODS: A total of 1518 children from the COCOA (COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic Diseases) study, followed until age 7, were classified into FA trajectories using group-based trajectory modeling. Serum cytokine levels were measured at ages 3 and 7 years. Placental methylation profiling was performed with Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. RESULTS: Children were classified into four trajectories: no FA (87.3%), early remission (6.9%), early persistent (4.6%), and late remission (1.1%). At ages 3 and 7, the early persistent FA trajectory exhibited higher interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-6 levels than the no FA trajectory. At age 3, IL-10 levels were lower in the early persistent trajectory than in the late remission trajectory. In DNA methylation analysis, the Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase A2 (RPS6KA2) and Germinal Center Associated Signaling And Motility Like (GCSAML) genes were significantly hypermethylated in the early persistent FA trajectory compared to the no FA and early remission trajectory (p < 0.05). GCSAML methylation was positively correlated with total IgE, egg white-specific IgE, early-life eosinophils, and IL-5 at age 7 (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hypermethylation of RPS6KA2 and GCSAML, reduced IL-10 levels, and elevated Th2 cytokines were associated with early persistent FA trajectory, potentially influencing its allergic inflammation and persistence. CI - (c) 2026 European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1122-1592 AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Seung Hwa AU - Lee SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9359-0318 AD - Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Si Hyeon AU - Lee SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5677-9445 AD - Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kwon, Sung Ok AU - Kwon SO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0527-1427 AD - Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Da Kyeong AU - Lee DK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6086-7453 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Respiratory and Allergy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Min Jee AU - Park MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0891-1311 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yoon, Jisun AU - Yoon J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4904-9118 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Respiratory and Allergy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yang, Song-I AU - Yang SI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9648-4585 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyo-Bin AU - Kim HB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1928-722X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jihyun AU - Kim J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8493-2881 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4529-6135 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3227-5511 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - In Suh, Dong AU - In Suh D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7817-8728 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Ji Soo AU - Park JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0522-7736 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Sun Hee AU - Choi SH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Baek, Hey-Sung AU - Baek HS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Suk-Joo AU - Choi SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8946-4789 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Soo-Young AU - Oh SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3002-0048 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kwon, Ja-Young AU - Kwon JY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3009-6325 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Soo Hyun AU - Kim SH AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jun, Jong Kwan AU - Jun JK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0242-1736 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Mi-Young AU - Lee MY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2691-4954 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Won, Hye-Sung AU - Won HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0611-2401 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2499-0702 AD - Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. AD - PHI Digital Healthcare, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7751-9829 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1409-2113 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. LA - eng GR - RS-2022-KE002048/Korea Ministry of Environment/ GR - 2008-E33030-00/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2009-E33033-00/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2011-E33021-00/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2012-E33012-00/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2013-E51003-00/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2014-E51004-00/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2014-E51004-01/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2014-E51004-02/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2017-E67002-00/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2017-E67002-01/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2017-E67002-02/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2020E670200/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2020E670201/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2020R1A2C2012822/Korea government/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260819 PL - Denmark TA - Allergy JT - Allergy JID - 7804028 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - child OT - cytokine OT - food hypersensitivity OT - methylation OT - trajectory EDAT- 2026/08/20 05:43 MHDA- 2026/08/20 05:43 CRDT- 2026/08/20 00:34 PHST- 2026/06/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/20 05:43 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/20 05:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/20 00:34 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/all.70471 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Allergy. 2026 Aug 19. doi: 10.1111/all.70471. PMID- 42605184 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260817 LR - 20260819 IS - 1399-3038 (Electronic) IS - 0905-6157 (Print) IS - 0905-6157 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Early-life internalizing behavioral trajectories and childhood-onset asthma: An epigenetic link. PG - e70436 LID - 10.1111/pai.70436 [doi] LID - e70436 AB - BACKGROUND: Behavioral problems and asthma in childhood are considered related despite the debatable causal relationship and unknown mechanisms. We investigated whether early-life behavioral problem trajectories affect the risk of childhood asthma and ascertained potential DNA-methylation mechanisms. METHODS: Based on two independent birth cohorts, this study included 1041 and 1647 children aged 6-10 and 6-7 years in the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (COCOA) study and Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC), wherein asthma was defined by a physician's diagnosis and parental questionnaire, respectively. The Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was administered at ages 2-6 years. The CBCL trajectories were identified using a latent generalized mixture model. Blood samples from 7-year-old participants were used for DNA-methylation profiling and quantifying metabolites and proteins. RESULTS: Trajectories with high internalizing behavioral problem scores in preschool age were significantly associated with childhood-onset asthma. Increased CBCL anxiety/depression scores at age 2 (COCOA) and somatization scores at ages 4 and 6 (COCOA and PSKC) significantly increased the risk of asthma symptoms and current asthma. In an exploratory sub-study, DNA-methylation analysis suggested hypomethylation of HAL and MAD1L1 in children with co-occurring asthma and behavioral problems, accompanied by higher HAL protein and lower circulating histidine. CONCLUSION: Early-life internalizing behavioral problem trajectories precede childhood asthma, which may be mediated by methylation, especially of HAL and MAD1L1. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Pediatric Allergy and Immunology published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Yoon, Jisun AU - Yoon J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Seung-Hwa AU - Lee SH AD - Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jiseon AU - Kim J AD - Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Kyungmo AU - Hong K AD - Major in Psychotherapy, Graduate School of Health & Welfare, Baekseok University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2499-0702 AD - Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Hea Young AU - Oh HY AD - Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Sungsu AU - Jung S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Da Kyeong AU - Lee DK AD - Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gangnam CHA Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Ji Soo AU - Park JS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jihyun AU - Kim J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Yee-Jin AU - Shin YJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Kyung-Sook AU - Lee KS AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Hanshin University, Osan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7817-8728 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. CN - Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (COCOA) and Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC) Study Groups LA - eng GR - 2014-E51004-02/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2017-E67002-00/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2017-E67002-01/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2017-E67002-02/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - 2020-E670200/Korea National Institute of Health/ GR - NRF-2022R1F1A1076250/National Research Foundation of Korea/ GR - RS-2024-00341916/National Research Foundation of Korea/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Pediatr Allergy Immunol JT - Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology JID - 9106718 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Asthma/epidemiology/genetics/psychology MH - Child MH - DNA Methylation MH - Male MH - Female MH - Epigenesis, Genetic MH - Child, Preschool MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Age of Onset MH - Birth Cohort MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Child Behavior PMC - PMC13478705 OTO - NOTNLM OT - DNA methylation OT - anxiety OT - asthma OT - birth cohort OT - internalizing behavior OT - mental health OT - preschool child COIS- Jisun Yoon, Seung-Hwa Lee, Jiseon Kim, Kyungmo Hong, So-Yeon Lee, Hea Young Oh, Sungsu Jung, Eun Young Paek, Da Kyeong Lee, Eom ji Choi, Kun-Baek Song, Dong In Suh, Ji Soo Park, Youn Ho Shin, Kyung Won Kim, Kango Ahn, Jihyun Kim, Yee-Jin Shin, Kyung-Sook Lee, and Soo-Jong Hong have no conflicts of interest to declare. FIR - Yoon, Jisun IR - Yoon J FIR - Lee, Seung-Hwa IR - Lee SH FIR - Kim, Jiseon IR - Kim J FIR - Hong, Kyungmo IR - Hong K FIR - Lee, So-Yeon IR - Lee SY FIR - Oh, Hea Young IR - Oh HY FIR - Jung, Sungsu IR - Jung S FIR - Lee, Da Kyeong IR - Lee DK FIR - Choi, Eom Ji IR - Choi EJ FIR - Park, Ji Soo IR - Park JS FIR - Shin, Youn Ho IR - Shin YH FIR - Kim, Kyung Won IR - Kim KW FIR - Ahn, Kangmo IR - Ahn K FIR - Kim, Jihyun IR - Kim J FIR - Shin, Yee-Jin IR - Shin YJ FIR - Lee, Kyung-Sook IR - Lee KS FIR - Suh, Dong In IR - Suh DI FIR - Hong, Soo-Jong IR - Hong SJ EDAT- 2026/08/17 05:38 MHDA- 2026/08/17 05:39 PMCR- 2026/08/17 CRDT- 2026/08/17 02:42 PHST- 2026/06/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/17 05:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/17 05:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/17 02:42 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PAI70436 [pii] AID - 10.1111/pai.70436 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2026 Aug;37(8):e70436. doi: 10.1111/pai.70436. PMID- 42567529 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260807 LR - 20260813 IS - 2047-7163 (Electronic) IS - 0036-8504 (Print) IS - 0036-8504 (Linking) VI - 109 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Jul-Sep TI - Prevalence, associated factors, and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates in suspected ear infections at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. PG - 368504261476829 LID - 10.1177/00368504261476829 [doi] LID - 00368504261476829 AB - BackgroundEar infections affect millions worldwide, causing significant hearing loss, particularly in developing countries. Bacterial infections play a major role, necessitating studies on causative agents, risk factors, and antibiotic resistance.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence, associated factors, and antibiotic susceptibility of the bacterial isolates among patients in suspected ear infections at the University of Gondar Hospital, Ethiopia.MethodsA hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2023, involving 303 participants with clinical diagnosis of having ear infections. Ear discharge samples were cultured on blood agar, chocolate agar, and MacConkey agar. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Cefoxitin disc and double-disc synergy tests detected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production in Enterobacterales respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, with logistic regression to identify associations. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsBacterial culture was positive in 48.5% (147/303; 95% CI: 42.8-54.3) of cases, yielding 172 isolates with Proteus mirabilis 30.2 % (52/172), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13.9% (24/172) and S. aureus 13.9% (24/172) as the common isolated pathogens. Multidrug resistance was observed in 64.5% (111/172) of isolates, while 29.2% (7/24) of S. aureus exhibited methicillin resistance. ESBL production was detected in 19.1% (14/82) of Enterobacterales, particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae 27.3% (3/11). Associated factors included age under five (AOR = 1.19, p = 0.013) and upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) (AOR = 3.27, p < 0.001) in children. Among adults, diabetes mellitus (AOR = 2.73, p = 0.032), URTI (AOR = 1.97, p < 0.001), and frequent earphone use (AOR = 11.4, p < 0.001) were significantly associated.ConclusionP. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus were predominant and exhibited high antibiotic resistance. Targeted antimicrobial stewardship, culture-based therapy, and public health interventions are essential, particularly for high-risk groups. FAU - Amare, Anmut AU - Amare A AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Burie Primary Hospital, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. FAU - Tigabie, Mitkie AU - Tigabie M AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-5532-6097 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 362057 FAU - Ayalew, Getnet AU - Ayalew G AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 362057 FAU - Abebe, Wondwossen AU - Abebe W AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 362057 FAU - Wondimeneh, Yitayih AU - Wondimeneh Y AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. RINGGOLD: 362057 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260807 PL - England TA - Sci Prog JT - Science progress JID - 0411361 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Female MH - Prevalence MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/isolation & purification MH - Adolescent MH - *Bacterial Infections/epidemiology/microbiology/drug therapy MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Risk Factors MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification MH - *Ear Diseases/microbiology/epidemiology/drug therapy MH - Hospitals, University PMC - PMC13451717 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ethiopia OT - antibiotic resistance OT - ear infection OT - prevalence OT - risk factors COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2026/08/08 00:37 MHDA- 2026/08/08 00:38 PMCR- 2026/08/07 CRDT- 2026/08/07 19:43 PHST- 2026/08/08 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/08 00:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/07 19:43 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_00368504261476829 [pii] AID - 10.1177/00368504261476829 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Prog. 2026 Jul-Sep;109(3):368504261476829. doi: 10.1177/00368504261476829. Epub 2026 Aug 7. PMID- 42545773 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260803 LR - 20260902 IS - 1998-3689 (Electronic) IS - 0301-4738 (Print) IS - 0301-4738 (Linking) VI - 74 IP - Suppl 2 DP - 2026 Aug 1 TI - Reverse endothelial scraping technique for refractory deep infectious keratitis: Novel surgical technique and outcome evaluation. PG - S292-S298 LID - 10.4103/IJO.IJO_144_26 [doi] AB - This study describes a novel approach of corneal reverse endothelial scraping technique (REST) for the diagnosis and management of deep stromal and endothelial infectious plaques. This retrospective, interventional study included 16 patients with infectious deep stromal endothelial infiltrates that did not respond to conventional medical therapy. Briefly, under aseptic precautions, a reverse Sinskey hook was used to delicately debulk and scrape the endothelial plaque via a paracentesis incision, and the samples were sent for microbiological evaluation. Smears were prepared for Gram's stain, 10% KOH mount, and Giemsa stain as suspected. Cultures were inoculated on blood agar, chocolate agar, and Sabouraud's dextrose agar. Treatment was tailored according to the microbiological results. Preoperative data [age, gender, etiology of keratitis, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and previous ocular surgery] and postoperative data (follow-up duration, response to treatment, BCVA, and other significant clinical ocular examination findings) were recorded and analyzed. Sixteen eyes of 16 patients with endothelial plaque underwent REST. The mean age was 41.8 +/- 19.54 years, with a male predominance (75%). All cases were unilateral. Fungal etiology was the most common cause (62.5%), followed by bacterial infection (25%), while Pythium and Nocardia accounted for 6.25% each. REST enabled microbiological confirmation in all cases and guided targeted therapy. Ten patients (62.5%) responded to medical management alone, whereas four patients (25%) required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty in addition to medical therapy; the remaining two patients (12.5%) required adjunctive surgical interventions. Resolution of infection with stabilization of the ocular surface was achieved in 93.75% of cases, while one patient (6.25%) progressed to a phthisical eye. At final follow-up, a corrected distant visual acuity of 6/18 or better was achieved in eight patients (50%). REST is a novel technique for debulking and scraping infectious endothelial plaque with facilitated targeted therapy. A tailored approach to managing these cases can help us avoid invasive procedures, such as therapeutic keratoplasty. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. FAU - Udasi, Sagar AU - Udasi S AD - Department of Cornea and Anterior Segment, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Garg, Aastha AU - Garg A AD - Department of Cornea and Anterior Segment, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Chauhan, Nidhi AU - Chauhan N AD - Department of Cornea and Anterior Segment, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Gandhi, Arpan AU - Gandhi A AD - Department of Microbiology, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India. FAU - Acharya, Manisha AU - Acharya M AD - Department of Cornea and Anterior Segment, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260803 PL - India TA - Indian J Ophthalmol JT - Indian journal of ophthalmology JID - 0405376 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Endothelium, Corneal/microbiology/pathology/surgery MH - Visual Acuity MH - *Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology/surgery/diagnosis MH - Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - *Eye Infections, Fungal/microbiology/surgery/diagnosis MH - *Keratitis/surgery/microbiology/diagnosis MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Adolescent MH - *Debridement/methods PMC - PMC13529045 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Deep stromal keratitis OT - REST OT - endothelial plaque OT - endothelial scraping OT - fungal keratitis OT - reverse endothelial scraping technique COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/08/03 18:37 MHDA- 2026/08/03 18:38 PMCR- 2026/08/01 CRDT- 2026/08/03 12:05 PHST- 2026/01/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/03 18:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/08/03 18:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/08/03 12:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 02223307-202608002-00021 [pii] AID - IJO-74-292 [pii] AID - 10.4103/IJO.IJO_144_26 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Ophthalmol. 2026 Aug 1;74(Suppl 2):S292-S298. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_144_26. Epub 2026 Aug 3. PMID- 42356247 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2026 Jun 9 TI - Food Industry By-Products as Natural Preservatives: Supporting Adolescent Food Literacy and Critical Food Choices. LID - 10.3390/nu18121859 [doi] LID - 1859 AB - This review aims to critically examine food industry by-products as potential sources of natural preservatives and to discuss how this evidence can be translated into adolescent food literacy, label interpretation, and critical food choices. Adolescents are increasingly exposed to food labels and claims about "natural," "clean-label," "upcycled," "sustainable," and "circular" foods, which may not always be transparent or supported by sufficient evidence regarding their safety, efficacy, sensory quality, consumer acceptance, or environmental benefit. Therefore, they need more than nutritional information; they need to interpret labels, question sustainability claims, and understand how food innovations are produced, tested, communicated, and regulated. Food by-products such as fruit and vegetable pomaces, peels, seeds, skins, olive and wine residues, cereal by-products, coffee silverskin, and cocoa residues are promising resources for clean-label preservation and circular food systems because they may contain phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, essential oils, pectin, dietary fibers, and other compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, coloring, stabilizing, and texturizing properties. However, the bioactive potential alone does not guarantee that a by-product-derived ingredient is safe, effective, acceptable, scalable, or sustainable. Its use requires extraction, stabilization, real-food validation, safety assessment, sensory optimization, regulatory compliance, and sustainability evaluation. The review concludes that by-product-derived natural preservatives are both technological resources and educational tools. Future research and education should connect food preservation, label interpretation, food safety, sensory quality, sustainability evidence, and consumer decision-making to empower adolescents as critical consumers and informed agents of change in sustainable food systems. FAU - Silva, Paula AU - Silva P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7204-6006 AD - Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (U. Porto), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. AD - iNOVA Media Lab, ICNOVA-NOVA Institute of Communication, NOVA School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1069-061 Lisbon, Portugal. LA - eng GR - 10/C06-i07/2024.P11729/European Union/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260609 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Food Preservatives) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Food Labeling MH - *Food Preservatives MH - *Food Preferences MH - *Food Industry MH - Consumer Behavior MH - Choice Behavior PMC - PMC13304532 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent food literacy OT - circular food systems OT - food industry by-products OT - food labels OT - food waste valorization OT - natural preservatives OT - sustainable food choices COIS- The author declares no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/26 16:10 MHDA- 2026/06/27 07:10 PMCR- 2026/06/09 CRDT- 2026/06/26 01:17 PHST- 2026/05/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 07:10 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 16:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/26 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18121859 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01859 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18121859 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jun 9;18(12):1859. doi: 10.3390/nu18121859. PMID- 42350959 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260910 LR - 20260912 IS - 1471-2180 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2180 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 25 TI - Microbial profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns in clinical specimens from a secondary-level hospital in Accra, Ghana: a five-year retrospective study. LID - 10.1186/s12866-026-05341-9 [doi] LID - 794 AB - BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a significant global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where surveillance data remain limited. Understanding local microbial patterns and resistance trends is critical for guiding empirical therapy and implementing effective antimicrobial stewardship policies. This study aimed to characterize the microbial profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of pathogens from clinical specimens at the Cocoa Clinic Laboratory, Ghana, from 2019 to 2023. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 6,395 clinical specimens collected between January 2019 and December 2023 from a secondary-level hospital in Accra, Ghana. Samples, including midstream urine, high vaginal swabs (HVS), and blood, were processed for bacterial and fungal isolation using standard microbiological techniques. Descriptive and trend analyses were conducted on specimen types, pathogen prevalence, and resistance patterns. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed, and data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, SPSS version 27, and GraphPad Prism 8. RESULTS: A total of 6,395 clinical specimens were analyzed, of which 22.2% (95% CI: 19.6-24.9) yielded positive microbial growth. Urine samples constituted the majority of positive cultures (50.6%), followed by HVS (30.3%), with other specimen types accounting for 19.1%. Gram-negative organisms predominated (62.7%), with Escherichia coli emerging as the leading bacterial isolate across most years and specimen types. Notably, a shift in pathogen distribution was observed in 2023, when Candida species became the most frequently isolated organism, suggesting a possible change in pathogen distribution (p < 0.001). Females exhibited a higher culture positivity than males (61% vs. 39%, p < 0.0001), and adults aged 18-64 years accounted for the majority of isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high effectiveness of amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin (> 89% susceptibility), whereas cefuroxime, co-trimoxazole, and ampicillin/sulbactam showed high resistance rates (> 68%). CONCLUSION: Overall, temporal trends indicated an increase in infection rates from 2021 to 2023, contrasting with lower detection during the early COVID-19 period. This highlights an urgent need for continuous AMR surveillance, strict antibiotic stewardship, and the development of targeted infection control strategies. These findings provide valuable baseline data to inform clinicians, policymakers, and public health authorities in optimizing treatment guidelines and combating AMR in Ghana. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Larbi, Wendy AU - Larbi W AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Afutu, Leslie Larry AU - Afutu LL AD - Cocoa Clinic, Kejebril-Takoradi, Western Region, Ghana. FAU - Sarpong, Emmanuel Adu AU - Sarpong EA AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Alhassan, Abdul-Samad AU - Alhassan AS AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Donkor, Nicholas AU - Donkor N AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Anning, Alberta Serwah AU - Anning AS AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Ghartey-Kwansah, George AU - Ghartey-Kwansah G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1875-3137 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. george.ghartey-kwansah@ucc.edu.gh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260625 PL - England TA - BMC Microbiol JT - BMC microbiology JID - 100966981 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Ghana/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - *Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification/classification MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - *Drug Resistance, Bacterial MH - Young Adult MH - Child MH - Aged MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - Antimicrobial Stewardship MH - Bacterial Infections/microbiology/epidemiology PMC - PMC13560422 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Candida spp OT - Escherichia coli OT - Klebsiella spp. OT - Antibiotics OT - Antimicrobial resistance OT - Microbial profile OT - Multidrug resistance COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Cocoa Clinic Research Committee (Approval number -CC/INT,8/V.17/98) and was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was waived by Cocoa Clinic Research Committee (Approval number -CC/INT,8/V.17/98), and the collected data anonymized. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/06/26 00:53 MHDA- 2026/09/10 05:37 PMCR- 2026/06/25 CRDT- 2026/06/25 23:54 PHST- 2026/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/09/10 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/26 00:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/25 23:54 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12866-026-05341-9 [pii] AID - 5341 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12866-026-05341-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Microbiol. 2026 Jun 25;26(1):794. doi: 10.1186/s12866-026-05341-9. PMID- 42325523 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260622 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Dietary polyphenols in pediatric obesity and cardiometabolic risk: mechanisms and clinical evidence. PG - 1849842 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1849842 [doi] LID - 1849842 AB - INTRODUCTION: Pediatric obesity is a major global health concern and is associated with early cardiometabolic alterations, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and chronic low-grade inflammation. Dietary polyphenols, naturally present in fruits, vegetables, legumes, cocoa, and tea, have emerged as potential nutritional modulators of these pathways because of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, metabolic, and microbiota-related effects. METHODS: This narrative overview summarizes current evidence on the role of dietary polyphenols in pediatric obesity and cardiometabolic risk. It examines the main biological mechanisms through which polyphenols may influence oxidative stress, inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism, vascular function, and gut microbiota composition. It also reviews the available observational and clinical evidence in children and adolescents, with particular attention to polyphenol-rich dietary patterns. RESULTS: Available evidence suggests that polyphenols may influence key mechanisms involved in pediatric obesity, including oxidative stress, inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism, endothelial function, and gut microbiota balance. Observational studies indicate that polyphenol-rich dietary patterns, especially Mediterranean-style diets, are associated with more favorable adiposity and cardiometabolic profiles in children and adolescents. However, pediatric clinical trials remain limited and heterogeneous, preventing firm conclusions on efficacy and long-term safety. CONCLUSION: Polyphenols are biologically plausible contributors to cardiometabolic health in pediatric obesity, but current evidence mainly supports food-based dietary patterns rather than isolated supplementation. Larger pediatric-specific trials are needed to clarify their clinical relevance and long-term benefits. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Calcaterra, Cena, Conti, Scavone, Basilico, Quatrale and Zuccotti. FAU - Calcaterra, Valeria AU - Calcaterra V AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Cena, Hellas AU - Cena H AD - Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - Clinical Nutrition Unit, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Conti, Maria Vittoria AU - Conti MV AD - Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Scavone, Ilaria Anna Maria AU - Scavone IAM AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Basilico, Sara AU - Basilico S AD - Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Quatrale, Antonia AU - Quatrale A AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. FAU - Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo AU - Zuccotti G AD - Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260605 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13278863 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cardiometabolic risk OT - inflammation OT - insulin resistance OT - pediatric obesity OT - polyphenols COIS- The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/22 13:43 MHDA- 2026/06/22 13:44 PMCR- 2026/06/05 CRDT- 2026/06/22 06:58 PHST- 2026/04/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:44 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/22 13:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/22 06:58 [entrez] PHST- 2026/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1849842 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 Jun 5;13:1849842. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1849842. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42319687 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20260619 IS - 1863-4362 (Electronic) IS - 0021-1265 (Linking) DP - 2026 Jun 19 TI - Hereditary methemoglobinemia diagnosed in adulthood: Type 1 cytochrome B5 reductase deficiency. LID - 10.1007/s11845-026-04500-1 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Type 1 CYB5R3 deficiency is a rare cause of hereditary methemoglobinemia. Although it is typically diagnosed during childhood, it may also be identified in older adults. CASE: A 62-year-old male patient presenting with cyanosis and shortness of breath was diagnosed with Type 1 CYB5R3 deficiency. The diagnosis was supported by the chocolate-brown appearance of arterial blood, a methemoglobin (metHb) level of 17%, hypoxemia inconsistent with pulse oximetry findings, and the identification of a homozygous pathogenic mutation in CYB5R3 on sequence analysis. The patient is currently being followed with supplemental oxygen therapy and vitamin C treatment. CONCLUSION: In patients presenting with cyanosis and hypoxemia, arterial blood gas analysis should be evaluated for methemoglobinemia, as pulse oximetry may provide misleadingly high oxygen saturation readings. Congenital causes must be considered even in elderly patients. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Afsin, Emine AU - Afsin E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2450-6378 AD - Department of Chest Diseases, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Golkoy, 14200, Turkey. emineafsin@yahoo.com. FAU - Senol, Muzaffer AU - Senol M AD - Department of Chest Diseases, Gerede State Hospital, Bolu, Turkey. FAU - Gurel, Ayse AU - Gurel A AD - Department of Medical Genetics, AIBU Izzet Baysal Training and Research Hospital, Bolu, Turkey. FAU - Durak, Emine AU - Durak E AD - Department of Hematology, AIBU Izzet Baysal Training and Research Hospital, Bolu, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20260619 PL - Ireland TA - Ir J Med Sci JT - Irish journal of medical science JID - 7806864 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adulthood OT - Cyanosis OT - Hereditary methemoglobinemia OT - Type 1 cytochrome B5 reductase deficiency COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: The requirement for ethical approval was waived from our institution ethics Committee. Consent for publication: The patients provided written informed consent to publication of this report. Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing conflicts of interest exist. EDAT- 2026/06/19 12:37 MHDA- 2026/06/19 12:37 CRDT- 2026/06/19 11:21 PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/06/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/19 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/19 12:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/19 11:21 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11845-026-04500-1 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11845-026-04500-1 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Ir J Med Sci. 2026 Jun 19. doi: 10.1007/s11845-026-04500-1. PMID- 42280414 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260813 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 11 DP - 2026 May 30 TI - Cultural and Sex-Related Differences in Free-Word Associations with "Sweets": A Multinational Online Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18111771 [doi] LID - 1771 AB - Background: Free-word association (FWA) captures the most accessible lexical responses to a stimulus, providing a window into automatic cognitive representations of food categories that may differ across cultures and between sexes. Objectives: To examine whether the dominant cognitive associations evoked by the word "sweets" differ across three language groups (Hungarian, English, Spanish), whether they vary by sex, and whether they relate to body mass index (BMI) and self-reported eating disorder risk. Methods: A total of 1349 participants completed an online survey including a single FWA prompt. Responses were classified into 10 semantic categories and analyzed using chi-square tests. Effect sizes (Cramer's V) were reported for all tests. Height and weight were converted to uniform metric units, and BMI was calculated. Results: The association profile differed significantly across language groups (chi(2)[18] = 210.05, p < 0.001, V = 0.28). Chocolate dominated Hungarian responses, while Baked goods/Desserts and Sugar/Candy dominated English, and Positive emotion and Baked goods/Desserts predominated among Spanish speakers. Sex differences were significant overall (chi(2)[9] = 43.72, p < 0.001, V = 0.18). BMI distributions differed markedly across nations (chi(2)[6] = 157.17, p < 0.001, V = 0.26), and sweets categories were significantly associated with eating disorder risk (chi(2)[27] = 48.04, p = 0.008, V = 0.11); however, this result should be interpreted with caution given the extreme skew toward the lowest-risk category [84.2%], with Negative/Health associations overrepresented among higher-risk participants. Conclusions: Cultural context plays a significant role in shaping automatic cognitive associations with sweet foods. The exploratory association between sweets categories and self-reported eating disorder risk warrants further investigation using validated instruments before any substantive conclusions can be drawn. FAU - Avena, Nicole AU - Avena N AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. AD - Health Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. FAU - Kovacs, Reka Erika AU - Kovacs RE AUID- ORCID: 0009-0007-0243-6878 AD - Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, 9026 Gyor, Hungary. FAU - Somogyi, Angela AU - Somogyi A AD - Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, 9026 Gyor, Hungary. FAU - de la Vega, Ricardo AU - de la Vega R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7395-3297 AD - Departamento de Educacion Fisica, Deporte y Motricidad Humana, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Szabo, Attila AU - Szabo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2788-4304 AD - Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, 9026 Gyor, Hungary. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260530 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Body Mass Index MH - Sex Factors MH - Adult MH - Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - Language MH - *Food Preferences/psychology/ethnology MH - *Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Cognition PMC - PMC13258868 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - cross-cultural OT - eating behavior OT - eating disorders OT - free-word association OT - sex differences COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/12 06:38 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:38 PMCR- 2026/05/30 CRDT- 2026/06/12 01:11 PHST- 2026/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/12 06:38 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/12 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18111771 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01771 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18111771 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 30;18(11):1771. doi: 10.3390/nu18111771. PMID- 42266618 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260610 LR - 20260813 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2026 TI - Pediatric oncology patients prefer cocoa over oral nutritional supplements in a double-blinded feeding-trial. PG - 1847634 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1847634 [doi] LID - 1847634 AB - BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a common problem during the treatment of pediatric cancer. Therapy-induced taste alterations (dysgeusia) can further exacerbate this and may reduce the acceptance of oral nutritional supplements (ONS). There are no available data on the acceptability of commercially available ONS among children and adolescents in Germany. METHODS: In a prospective, double-blind tasting trial, 36 pediatric oncology patients (6-20 years) evaluated commercially available ONS and a cocoa-based reference beverage. The primary outcome was overall liking (taste rating) on a 1-6 ordinal scale (1 = excellent; 6 = unacceptable). Additional assessments included ratings of appearance and temperature, perceived basic taste qualities, and free-text flavour descriptions. Using linear mixed models, beverage taste ratings were compared globally and pairwise (adjusted for multiple comparisons), and sensory characteristics associated with higher acceptance were explored. RESULTS: Cocoa was rated best overall (mean taste rating 1.42 +/- 0.7) and significantly outperformed all tested ONS in taste (Bonferroni-corrected p = 0.025 compared to next-best), appearance, and temperature. The best-rated supplements were predominantly sweet or sweet-sour (red fruits: 2.42 +/- 1.3; summer fruit smoothie: 2.64 +/- 1.5); the other products were rated rather poorly (all >/=3.47) and most were not accepted (4.0). For salty/savoury beverages, patients' qualitative taste descriptions frequently diverged from manufacturer-declared flavours. Ratings of appearance and temperature, along with perceived sweetness, and in many cases sourness, emerged as the most robust predictors of overall taste evaluations. However, a model comparison indicated that these characteristics did not fully explain between-beverage differences (likelihood-ratio test p < 0.001), suggesting additional unmeasured determinants of acceptance. CONCLUSION: Among patients in pediatric oncology, receiving chemotherapy, cocoa was consistently preferred over commercially available high-energy ONS. While cocoa served as a highly accepted reference beverage, the findings highlight the importance of flavour characteristics for acceptance. Strategies focusing on flavour optimization of nutritionally complete supplements may help improve oral intake during therapy. In addition to fruit-based beverages, cocoa-based formulations - particularly when combined with energy enrichment approaches - may represent a practical and cost-efficient strategy to support oral nutritional intake when acceptance of standard ONS is limited. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Rassner, Buchner, Bauer, Schmid and Tenius. FAU - Rassner, Mark AU - Rassner M AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Buchner, Hannes AU - Buchner H AD - Staburo GmbH, Munich, Germany. FAU - Bauer, Hans AU - Bauer H AD - Staburo GmbH, Munich, Germany. FAU - Schmid, Irene AU - Schmid I AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Tenius, Lisa AU - Tenius L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260525 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC13243086 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chemotherapy OT - food acceptability OT - malnutrition OT - oral nutritional supplements OT - pediatric oncology OT - sensory evaluation OT - taste COIS- HBa and HBu were employed by Staburo GmbH. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/10 06:52 MHDA- 2026/06/10 06:53 PMCR- 2026/05/25 CRDT- 2026/06/10 04:38 PHST- 2026/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:53 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/10 06:52 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/10 04:38 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1847634 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2026 May 25;13:1847634. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1847634. eCollection 2026. PMID- 42229229 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260722 LR - 20260722 IS - 1618-131X (Electronic) IS - 1438-4639 (Linking) VI - 276 DP - 2026 Jul TI - Predictors of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolite concentrations in German children and adolescents using data from the German Environmental Survey 2014 - 2017 (GerES V). PG - 114829 LID - S1438-4639(26)00089-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114829 [doi] AB - Children and adolescents are highly exposed to harmful polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that exist as mixtures of hundreds of compounds in air, soil, water, dust and food. This study investigated 21 personal, lifestyle and environmental predictors of urinary PAH metabolites from four PAHs (naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene), using a dataset of 516 3-17-year-olds from 167 locations in Germany. Spearman correlation analysis showed weak to moderate associations (rho = 0.2-0.6) between PAH metabolite concentrations. Regression analysis revealed high nicotine exposure, young age, and residence in large cities to be the most important predictors of multiple PAH burden, with estimated changes in metabolite concentrations of 124-1080%, 47-155%, and 22-57% respectively. Other notable predictors included: BMI, socioeconomic status, sex, consumption of chocolate, smoked and barbecued foods, chewing on plastic objects, road traffic, and heating type. Analysis of the ratios of 1-hydroxynaphthalene to 2-hydroxynaphthalene for subgroups with high cotinine level (3-fold increase) or moderate to high chocolate consumption (1.7-3.4-fold increase) was suggestive of exposure to carbaryl, a pesticide not permitted for use in the EU since 2007. Differences in the burden of PAH metabolites between East and West Germany was investigated using subgroup analysis. Consuming smoked food was both more prevalent (p = 0.009) and likely to contribute to a greater 1-hydroxynaphthalene burden in the East German subsample. Gaining a better understanding of exposure factors, especially using population data from a large number of locations, will guide policy makers and regulators in strengthening protective measures. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved. FAU - Roth, Alexandra AU - Roth A AD - Berlin School of Public Health, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Saddington, Artemis AU - Saddington A AD - German Environment Agency (UBA), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Kolossa-Gehring, Marike AU - Kolossa-Gehring M AD - German Environment Agency (UBA), Berlin, Germany. FAU - Murawski, Aline AU - Murawski A AD - German Environment Agency (UBA), Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: aline.murawski@uba.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260602 PL - Germany TA - Int J Hyg Environ Health JT - International journal of hygiene and environmental health JID - 100898843 RN - 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 0 (Pyrenes) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/urine MH - Germany MH - Adolescent MH - *Environmental Pollutants/urine MH - Female MH - Child MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Environmental Exposure/analysis MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - Biological Monitoring MH - Pyrenes/urine OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exposure OT - GerES OT - Human biomonitoring OT - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons OT - Predictors COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/03 00:36 MHDA- 2026/07/23 05:37 CRDT- 2026/06/02 18:09 PHST- 2024/03/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/23 05:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/03 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/02 18:09 [entrez] AID - S1438-4639(26)00089-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114829 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2026 Jul;276:114829. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114829. Epub 2026 Jun 2. PMID- 42223562 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260717 LR - 20261010 IS - 1573-2630 (Electronic) IS - 0165-5701 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jun 1 TI - Contact lens-associated infectious keratitis: microbiological profile, management, and hygiene behaviors in a tertiary eye hospital. LID - 247 [pii] LID - 10.1007/s10792-026-04111-w [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate the microbial spectrum and management of contact lens-associated infectious keratitis (CL-AIK), with an emphasis on behavioral risk factors. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted between 2021 and 2023 and involved seventy-four eyes of 70 consecutive diagnosed with CL-AIK at a tertiary care eye hospital. The hygiene practices, clinical and diagnostic findings, including corneal smear and culture, in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), were analyzed. The associations between risk behaviors and clinical outcomes were examined. RESULTS: A total of 74 eyes from 70 patients (47 females, 63.5%; mean age: 31.24 +/- 10.08 years) were reviewed for cases of CL-AIK. The initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.28 +/- 1.27 LogMAR. Diagnostic confirmation was obtained using multiple methods: chocolate agar culture (97.3% usage, 37 (51.4%) positivity), non-nutrient agar with Escherichia coli culture (79.7% usage, 7(11.86%) positivity), PCR testing (79.7% usage, 15 (25.4%) positivity), and IVCM (81.1% usage,18 (29.3%) positivity for Acanthamoeba spp.). Among the 70 patients, 24 (32.4%) rinsed their lenses with tap water, 22 (29.7%) wore lenses overnight, and 14 (18.9%) had exposed to water during showering or swimming. Exposure to water while wearing contact lenses was significantly more common in patients with fungal keratitis (3/4,75%, p = 0.002). The use of expired lenses (3/23, 13.04%; p = 0.008) and prolonged wear (> 12 h; 14/23, 60.8%; p = 0.04) were significantly higher in Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). CONCLUSION: Although many individuals reported good hygiene practices, high-risk behaviors such as swimming or showering while wearing contact lenses and prolonged daily use (> 12 h) remain important contributors to ocular complications. Prevention strategies should focus not only on general hygiene practices but also on addressing these high-risk behaviors. Additionally, the routine use of multimodal diagnostic techniques has dramatically improved the detection of atypical microorganisms, particularly Acanthamoeba spp. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. FAU - Atighehchian, Mehrnaz AU - Atighehchian M AD - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Moradipari, Yasaman AU - Moradipari Y AD - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Mahdizad, Zahra AU - Mahdizad Z AD - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Abedinifar, Zohreh AU - Abedinifar Z AD - Microbiology Unit, Department of Pathology, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Molaei, Faezeh AU - Molaei F AD - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. fafamol1376@gmail.com. FAU - Zarei-Ghanavati, Mehran AU - Zarei-Ghanavati M AD - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260601 PL - Netherlands TA - Int Ophthalmol JT - International ophthalmology JID - 7904294 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Contact Lenses/adverse effects/microbiology MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data MH - *Keratitis/microbiology/therapy/diagnosis MH - *Hygiene MH - Visual Acuity MH - Middle Aged MH - Microscopy, Confocal MH - *Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology/diagnosis/therapy MH - Young Adult MH - Acanthamoeba Keratitis MH - Risk Factors MH - Adolescent MH - Bacteria/isolation & purification MH - Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Cornea/microbiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acanthamoeba OT - Contact lens OT - Invivo confocal microscopy OT - Polymerase chain reaction OT - Pseudomonas aeruginosa COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2026/06/01 12:39 MHDA- 2026/06/01 12:40 CRDT- 2026/06/01 11:05 PHST- 2026/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/01 12:40 [medline] PHST- 2026/06/01 12:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/06/01 11:05 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s10792-026-04111-w [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10792-026-04111-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int Ophthalmol. 2026 Jun 1;46(1):247. doi: 10.1007/s10792-026-04111-w. PMID- 42192168 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260805 LR - 20260813 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 26 TI - Effect of common children's beverages on surface properties of single-shade and restorative material: an in vitro study. LID - 10.1038/s41598-026-55540-7 [doi] LID - 24101 AB - Single-shade composite restorations can adapt to the tooth structure, improve esthetics, and reduce reliance on shade selection. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of four different children's beverages on the color changes, gloss, and surface microhardness of single-shade resin composites compared to universal composite. Forty-eight specimens were prepared from each Shade A2 universal (Filtek Z250) and single-shade resin composite material (Vittra APS Unique). Then, the specimens were divided into four subgroups: Distilled Water (control group), Pepsi Cola Drink, Orange Juice, and Chocolate Milk, all at 24 degrees C. These specimens were immersed in their respective beverages for 30 min daily. Color changes, gloss, and microhardness values were evaluated at baseline before immersion and at the 1st, 7th, and 30th days of immersion. Data were collected and statistically analyzed using two-way variance analysis (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc test (p < 0.05). The results showed color change was significantly greater in Vittra APS than in Filtek Z250 across all time intervals, especially in Pepsi Cola after 30th days. For gloss, Vittra APS and Filtek Z250 at all time periods for four storage media showed statistically significant differences. Microhardness of Vittra APS was significantly affected by all time periods and all media except water. Filtek Z250 showed significant differences across all storage media at baseline and after 1st day. Overall, the single-shade composite showed more color change, gloss loss, and hardness reduction-especially in storage media like Pepsi Cola and Orange Juice-compared to the universal composite. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Almutairi, Manal AU - Almutairi M AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. malmutairi1@ksu.edu.sa. FAU - Mousa, Ihab AU - Mousa I AD - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqahtani, Raghad AU - Alqahtani R AD - College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqahtani, Rahaf AU - Alqahtani R AD - College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alhazzani, Khozama AU - Alhazzani K AD - College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hafiz, Zain AU - Hafiz Z AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alhomaidhi, Majedah AU - Alhomaidhi M AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260526 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (Composite Resins) RN - 0 (Filtek Z250) SB - IM MH - *Composite Resins/chemistry MH - Surface Properties MH - *Beverages MH - Humans MH - Color MH - Hardness MH - Materials Testing PMC - PMC13439373 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Beverages OT - Children OT - Pediatric dentistry OT - Single-shade composite resin COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Informed consent: This research received no external funding. EDAT- 2026/05/27 00:30 MHDA- 2026/08/05 06:42 PMCR- 2026/05/26 CRDT- 2026/05/26 23:33 PHST- 2026/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/08/05 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/27 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/26 23:33 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-55540-7 [pii] AID - 55540 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-026-55540-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2026 May 26;16(1):24101. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-55540-7. PMID- 42164310 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260521 LR - 20260813 IS - 2211-3355 (Print) IS - 2211-3355 (Electronic) IS - 2211-3355 (Linking) VI - 66 DP - 2026 Jun TI - The associations of BMI-for-age with cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers, lifestyle and quality of life in 6-12-year-old children in Finland. PG - 103487 LID - 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103487 [doi] LID - 103487 AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of BMI-for-age with lifestyle, quality of life, and levels of cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers. METHODS: The study included 47 children with obesity aged 6-12 years in Hyvinkaa area, Finland, between January 2019 and January 2023. Lifestyle and quality of life were assessed by questionnaires and a four-day food diary. Anthropometric measurements were performed, blood pressure measured, and fasting plasma samples drawn. RESULTS: Increased BMI-for-age was associated with increased plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration (standardized coefficient beta = 0.33, p = 0.03) but decreased total (beta = -0.35, p = 0.01) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (beta = -0.30, p = 0.03). A greater frequency of drinking hot chocolate (beta = 0.33, p = 0.03), eating fatty sweet pastries (beta = 0.37, p = 0.01) and eating fatty salty pastries (beta = 0.34, p = 0.02) were associated with higher BMI-for-age. Physical activity was low. The higher the BMI-for-age the more difficulties there were in experienced physical well-being (beta = 0.39, p = 0.03). Almost half (43%) of the participants had been bullied. The association of being bullied with higher BMI-for-age approached statistical significance (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: There is an increased risk of low-grade inflammation in children with obesity. Lifestyles are associated with weight gain and the risk of obesity, and children with obesity have difficulties in physical well-being and experience of being bullied. CI - (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Martikainen, A AU - Martikainen A AD - Clinical Nutrition, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Hyvinkaa, Finland. FAU - Eloranta, A-M AU - Eloranta AM AD - Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. AD - Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. AD - Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo, Kuopio, Finland. FAU - Schwab, U AU - Schwab U AD - Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. AD - Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo, Kuopio, Finland. FAU - Ormala, T AU - Ormala T AD - Department of Paediatrics, Helsinki University Hospital, Hyvinkaa Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260430 PL - United States TA - Prev Med Rep JT - Preventive medicine reports JID - 101643766 PMC - PMC13186061 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI-for-age OT - CRP OT - Children OT - Food consumption OT - Inflammation OT - Physical activity COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/21 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/21 06:32 PMCR- 2026/04/30 CRDT- 2026/05/21 04:39 PHST- 2026/02/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 04:39 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2211-3355(26)00115-4 [pii] AID - 103487 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103487 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Prev Med Rep. 2026 Apr 30;66:103487. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103487. eCollection 2026 Jun. PMID- 42163415 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260708 LR - 20260708 IS - 1097-0010 (Electronic) IS - 0022-5142 (Linking) VI - 106 IP - 11 DP - 2026 Aug 30 TI - Sweetness-independent bitterness suppression of rebaudioside A by sucrose in a cocoa model. PG - 6735-6744 LID - 10.1002/jsfa.70711 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Taste interactions have been a focus of research in recent decades; however, many underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the sweet-sweet and sweet-bitter interaction mechanisms between sucrose and 60% rebaudioside A (REBA) in a complex cocoa model system. A split-tongue method was used to assess peripheral and central interaction effects, allowing the tongue to serve as its own control. The study was conducted under normal conditions and under a sweetness-blocked condition induced by a pre-rinse with Gymnema sylvestre extract. Participants (n = 65) were aged 18-35 years and evaluated sweetness and bitterness intensity during each of the two sessions. RESULTS: Under normal conditions, no discernible difference in bitterness ratings was observed between the sucrose-REBA mixture and their separate presentations on opposing sides of the tongue. However, under sweetness-blocked conditions, the sucrose + REBA mixture was perceived as less bitter than when the components were presented individually. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that sucrose has a bitterness-suppressing effect on REBA that is independent of sweetness. Rebaudioside A sweetness was blocked more efficiently than sucrose sweetness. Overall, the observations suggest that taste interactions within this model system may occur primarily at the peripheral level. (c) 2026 Society of Chemical Industry. CI - (c) 2026 Society of Chemical Industry. FAU - Lacerda, Risia Cristina Coelho AU - Lacerda RCC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3410-0443 AD - Sensory Science and Consumer Studies Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil. AD - Food Perception and Liking Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. FAU - Junge, Jonas Yde AU - Junge JY AD - iSENSE Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Andersen, Glenn Hjorth AU - Andersen GH AD - iSENSE Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Kidmose, Ulla AU - Kidmose U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4586-469X AD - iSENSE Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Bolini, Helena Maria Andre AU - Bolini HMA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9841-4479 AD - Sensory Science and Consumer Studies Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260520 PL - England TA - J Sci Food Agric JT - Journal of the science of food and agriculture JID - 0376334 RN - 0 (Diterpenes, Kaurane) RN - B3FUD0528F (rebaudioside A) RN - 57-50-1 (Sucrose) RN - 0 (Sweetening Agents) SB - IM MH - *Diterpenes, Kaurane/metabolism MH - Humans MH - *Sucrose/metabolism/analysis MH - *Sweetening Agents/metabolism/chemistry MH - Taste MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Cacao/chemistry/metabolism MH - Male MH - Female MH - Tongue/metabolism MH - Taste Perception OTO - NOTNLM OT - bitterness OT - physiology OT - split-tongue OT - suppression OT - sweetness OT - taste interactions EDAT- 2026/05/21 06:31 MHDA- 2026/07/08 12:56 CRDT- 2026/05/21 01:14 PHST- 2026/02/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/07/08 12:56 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/21 01:14 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/jsfa.70711 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Sci Food Agric. 2026 Aug 30;106(11):6735-6744. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.70711. Epub 2026 May 20. PMID- 42161918 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 2044-4052 (Electronic) IS - 2044-4052 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2026 May 20 TI - Postprandial glucose response to a low-sucrose chocolate spread in adults with type 1 diabetes: a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over, controlled trial. LID - 10.1038/s41387-026-00429-7 [doi] LID - 22 AB - BACKGROUND: Novel advances in food technology enable the production of foods with significantly reduced sucrose without the use of additives. We tested the glycemic response of subjects with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) to a novel sucrose-reduced chocolate spread, as well as its acceptance and palatability. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, crossover, active-controlled trial comparing the glycemic response to two test-meals: 20 grams of the sugar-reduced spread (1.6 grams sucrose), and 20 grams of control chocolate spread, (11 grams sucrose) in people with T1D. RESULTS: Thirty adults (50% males), aged 18-28 years (mean 23.0 +/- 3.0), mean HbA1C of 55 +/- 9 mmol/mol (7.2 +/- 0.9%) were recruited. Postprandial glucose (PPG) excursions were significantly lower following consumption of the study spread compared to the control spread: pre-meal to peak glucose difference (mean 25.8 +/- 34.9 mg/dL lower, P < 0.001), postprandial CGM iAUC (mean 2271 +/- 3789 minxmg/dL, P = 0.003). Median time in range was higher for the study versus control spread (100% and 64.6%, respectively, P = 0.030). In the sweetness scale questionnaire, the study spread rated higher than the control ("right degree of sweetness" 53.3% and 26.7% respectively, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This new technology for producing sugar-reduced food is able to reduce PPG with a limited effect on palatability. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Fisch-Shvalb, Naama AU - Fisch-Shvalb N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9612-6983 AD - Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. nammaf@clalit.org.il. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. nammaf@clalit.org.il. FAU - Nimri, Revital AU - Nimri R AD - Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Phillip, Moshe AU - Phillip M AD - Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Yackobovitch-Gavan, Michal AU - Yackobovitch-Gavan M AD - Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. AD - Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Gray Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20260520 PL - England TA - Nutr Diabetes JT - Nutrition & diabetes JID - 101566341 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin) RN - 0 (Dietary Sucrose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood/diet therapy MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - *Postprandial Period MH - Adult MH - Female MH - *Blood Glucose/metabolism/analysis MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Chocolate MH - Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism/analysis MH - *Dietary Sucrose/administration & dosage PMC - PMC13365829 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests. EDAT- 2026/05/21 05:33 MHDA- 2026/07/14 12:35 PMCR- 2026/05/20 CRDT- 2026/05/20 23:23 PHST- 2025/05/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/07/14 12:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/21 05:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/20 23:23 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41387-026-00429-7 [pii] AID - 429 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41387-026-00429-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutr Diabetes. 2026 May 20;16(1):22. doi: 10.1038/s41387-026-00429-7. PMID- 42134905 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260819 IS - 1447-0756 (Electronic) IS - 1341-8076 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - Hysteroscopic Pattern Characterization in Adenomyosis Diagnosed by MUSA 2022 Criteria: A Prospective Observational Study. PG - e70329 LID - 10.1111/jog.70329 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Despite growing recognition of adenomyosis as a significant gynecological condition, standardized hysteroscopic diagnostic criteria remain lacking. This study aimed to systematically characterize endometrial hysteroscopic findings in ultrasonographically confirmed adenomyosis using a clinically relevant classification framework and determine their frequency and morphological patterns in symptomatic women. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study of 40 women (18-55 years) with MUSA-confirmed adenomyosis who underwent standardized office hysteroscopy at a tertiary center (August 2022-May 2023). All procedures were video-recorded using high-definition equipment for systematic postprocedural analysis. Endometrial findings were systematically categorized into four clinically relevant domains: structural changes, vascular abnormalities, hemorrhagic manifestations, and endometriotic-like features. RESULTS: Hemorrhagic manifestations were present in all 40 patients in our cohort, with hemorrhagic spots identified in 97.5% of cases. Vascular abnormalities occurred in 97.5% of patients: hypervascularization (35.0%), marked hypervascularization (37.5%), focal hyperemia (65.0%), and diffuse hyperemia (25.0%). Structural abnormalities were identified in 92.5% of cases: irregular endometrium (37.5%), trabeculations with small surface openings (25.0%), and enlarged tubal orifices (30.0%). Endometriotic-like features were present in 67.5% of patients: strawberry pattern appearance (25.0%) and white spot lesions (42.5%). Chocolate-brown hemorrhagic lesions occurred in 17.5% of cases. Multiple morphological categories were present concurrently in 87.5% of patients. CONCLUSION: Patients with ultrasonographically confirmed adenomyosis demonstrate characteristic hysteroscopic patterns with predominantly multiple concurrent morphological abnormalities. This systematic characterization provides a standardized framework for hysteroscopic assessment and establishes the foundation for potential integration with existing imaging-based diagnostic approaches. CI - (c) 2026 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. FAU - Guzelbag, Berivan AU - Guzelbag B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1141-6381 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. AD - Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Biruni University, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Bahat, Pinar Yalcin AU - Bahat PY AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - Australia TA - J Obstet Gynaecol Res JT - The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research JID - 9612761 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Adenomyosis/diagnosis/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - *Hysteroscopy/methods/standards MH - Adult MH - Prospective Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Endometrium/diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Ultrasonography OTO - NOTNLM OT - MUSA criteria OT - adenomyosis OT - endometrial findings OT - office hysteroscopy OT - ultrasonography EDAT- 2026/05/15 00:31 MHDA- 2026/05/15 00:32 CRDT- 2026/05/14 21:02 PHST- 2026/04/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/14 21:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jog.70329 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2026 May;52(5):e70329. doi: 10.1111/jog.70329. PMID- 42134422 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260612 LR - 20260718 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 224 DP - 2026 Sep 1 TI - Assessing the relationship between food-related mental imagery and appetite. PG - 108592 LID - S0195-6663(26)00154-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108592 [doi] AB - Mental imagery (MI) engages neural and cognitive mechanisms that closely parallel those involved in actual perceptual processing, but it remains unknown whether food-related MI shows similar appetite-dependent modulation as food perception. Across two experiments, we examined (i) whether metabolic state alters the strength of food-related MI, and (ii) whether generating repeated food-related MI influences hedonic evaluations of food (i.e. chocolate cookies). In Experiment 1, participants were asked to generate flavour and texture MI using visual cues, in either a hunger or satiated state. MI strength, indexed by vividness, ease, and generation speed, was greater when hungry than sated for flavour MI only. In Experiment 2, liking and wanting for food samples were measured prior to and following 30 trials of flavour- or texture-specific consumption MI. Repeated MI did not alter the hedonic value of the food samples, but imagined liking declined across trials. Findings demonstrate that (1) metabolic state modulates the generation of multisensory MI, and (2) MI itself selectively adjusts imagined, but not perceptual, hedonic responses. The results reveal new findings on the interactions between MI and appetite, offering insight into the functional architecture linking simulation, reward processing, and metabolic state. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Hames, Maggie AU - Hames M AD - Sensory Neuroscience and Nutrition Lab (SENNSE LAB), Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Electronic address: maggie.hames@postgrad.otago.ac.nz. FAU - McCormack, Jessica C AU - McCormack JC AD - Sensory Neuroscience and Nutrition Lab (SENNSE LAB), Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Electronic address: jessica.mccormack@otago.ac.nz. FAU - Roberts, Reece AU - Roberts R AD - School of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: r.roberts@auckland.ac.nz. FAU - Halberstadt, Jamin AU - Halberstadt J AD - Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Electronic address: jhalbers@psy.otago.ac.nz. FAU - Spence, Charles AU - Spence C AD - Crossmodal Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: charles.spence@psy.ox.ac.uk. FAU - Peng, Mei AU - Peng M AD - Sensory Neuroscience and Nutrition Lab (SENNSE LAB), Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Electronic address: mei.peng@otago.ac.nz. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260513 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Appetite MH - Female MH - *Imagination MH - Hunger MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Cues MH - Satiation MH - Craving MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - Taste MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Appetite OT - Food craving OT - Mental imagery OT - Metabolic state OT - Multisensory perception COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Mei Peng reports financial support was provided by Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Fund. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/05/15 00:31 MHDA- 2026/06/13 00:39 CRDT- 2026/05/14 19:11 PHST- 2026/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/13 00:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/15 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/14 19:11 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(26)00154-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108592 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2026 Sep 1;224:108592. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108592. Epub 2026 May 13. PMID- 42124077 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260716 LR - 20260821 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 9 DP - 2026 May 6 TI - The Dose-Response Effects of Vitamin D(3) on Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Vitamin D-Deficient Young Indian Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. LID - 10.3390/nu18091476 [doi] LID - 1476 AB - Background/Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among young Indian women. This study evaluated the dose-response effects of varying levels of daily oral vitamin D(3) intake on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and related bone biomarkers in vitamin D-deficient and insufficient young women. Methods: In a 12-week, double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted in urban Bangalore, 108 non-pregnant, non-lactating women aged 18-35 years with serum 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL were randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive daily vitamin D(3) at doses of 0, 400, 600, or 800 IU delivered via a fortified chocolate wafer. Serum 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), and osteocalcin were measured at baseline, and at weeks 4, 8, and 12. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed using mixed linear and logistic models to assess the effect of intervention. Results: At baseline, 76.4% of participants were vitamin D-deficient (<12 ng/mL) and 23.6% were insufficient (12-20 ng/mL). Serum 25(OH)D increased significantly over time in the 400, 600, and 800 IU/day groups, with a significant time x dose interaction effect (p < 0.001), demonstrating an overall graded response across doses. By week 12, vitamin D sufficiency (>/=20 ng/mL) was achieved in 7.4%, 26.9%, 37.0%, and 65.4% of participants in the 0, 400, 600, and 800 IU groups, respectively. From baseline to week 12, the mean increase in serum 25(OH)D was 7.69 ng/mL in the 400 IU group, 8.83 ng/mL in the 600 IU group, and 10.23 ng/mL in the 800 IU group; no significant difference was observed between the 400 IU and 600 IU groups, whereas the 800 IU group demonstrated the greatest overall increase. PTH decreased over time without a significant time x dose interaction. No significant interaction effect was noted for BSAP and osteocalcin. Mean compliance was high (>98%) across all groups, and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: Daily dietary intake of vitamin D(3) at doses of 400-800 IU for 12 weeks significantly improved serum 25(OH)D concentrations in vitamin D-deficient young Indian women. While PTH levels decreased over time, effects on bone turnover markers were modest and not dose specific. A daily dose of 800 IU/day was the most effective, achieving vitamin D sufficiency in 65% of participants. FAU - Peris, Chandni Halcyon AU - Peris CH AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8280-9318 AD - Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Research Scholar), Manipal 576104, KA, India. AD - Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences (a Unit of CBCI Society for Medical Education), Bangalore 560034, KA, India. FAU - Selvam, Sumithra AU - Selvam S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3229-267X AD - Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Population Health, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences (a Unit of CBCI Society for Medical Education), Bangalore 560034, KA, India. FAU - Swaminathan, Sumathi AU - Swaminathan S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4006-1049 AD - Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences (a Unit of CBCI Society for Medical Education), Bangalore 560034, KA, India. FAU - Rangarajan, Ravi AU - Rangarajan R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3209-9485 AD - Department of Environmental Health and Safety, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha 24449, Qatar. FAU - Kurpad, Anura V AU - Kurpad AV AD - Department of Physiology, St. John's Medical College, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences (a Unit of CBCI Society for Medical Education), Bangalore 560034, KA, India. FAU - Raj, Tony AU - Raj T AD - Department of Physiology, St. John's Medical College, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences (a Unit of CBCI Society for Medical Education), Bangalore 560034, KA, India. AD - Division of Medical Informatics, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences (a Unit of CBCI Society for Medical Education), Bangalore 560034, KA, India. FAU - Thankachan, Prashanth AU - Thankachan P AD - Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences (a Unit of CBCI Society for Medical Education), Bangalore 560034, KA, India. LA - eng GR - BT/PR2961/PFN/20/1416/2018/Department of Biotechnology/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20260506 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 1C6V77QF41 (Cholecalciferol) RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) RN - A288AR3C9H (25-hydroxyvitamin D) RN - 0 (Parathyroid Hormone) RN - 104982-03-8 (Osteocalcin) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - EC 3.1.3.1 (Alkaline Phosphatase) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Vitamin D Deficiency/blood/drug therapy MH - *Cholecalciferol/administration & dosage MH - *Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives/blood MH - Adult MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MH - India/epidemiology MH - Parathyroid Hormone/blood MH - Osteocalcin/blood MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Alkaline Phosphatase/blood MH - Dietary Supplements PMC - PMC13164713 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 25-hydroxyvitamin D OT - bone turnover markers OT - bone-specific alkaline phosphatase OT - dose-response OT - osteocalcin OT - parathyroid hormone OT - randomized controlled trial OT - vitamin D deficiency OT - vitamin D3 dietary intake COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/05/13 06:31 MHDA- 2026/05/13 06:32 PMCR- 2026/05/06 CRDT- 2026/05/13 01:13 PHST- 2026/03/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/13 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/13 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/05/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18091476 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-01476 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18091476 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 May 6;18(9):1476. doi: 10.3390/nu18091476. PMID- 42064530 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260501 LR - 20260813 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Phenotypic Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Microorganisms Isolated From the Primary Molars of Pediatric Dental Patients Undergoing Pulp Therapy. PG - e106128 LID - 10.7759/cureus.106128 [doi] LID - e106128 AB - Background Pulp necrosis is a prevalent complication following dental caries in primary dentition. Certain bacteria exhibit increased adaptability to adverse conditions and possess virulence factors that enable more effective colonization of dental tissues. The invasion of the root canal system (RCS) by pathogenic microorganisms, compounded by the rising concern of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), emphasizes the necessity for a culture-driven and evidence-based approach to antibiotic selection in pediatric endodontics, wherein the therapeutic efficacy of root canal treatment is inherently dependent on the comprehensive elimination of endodontic microbiota. Aim To isolate, identify, and analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance profiles of microorganisms associated with endodontic infections in the deciduous teeth of children undergoing pulp therapy. Materials and methods One hundred systemically healthy children aged four to nine years with carious teeth and without direct endodontic exposure were enrolled following Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines at the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital (GTBH), Delhi, India. Root canal samples from infected or necrotic primary teeth were aseptically collected and cultured on blood, chocolate, and MacConkey agar. Bacterial isolates were identified via Gram staining and standard biochemical assays. Statistical evaluation was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21 (Released 2012; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results Bacterial growth was detected in 68 samples (68%), predominantly involving Gram-positive cocci (n=48; 48%). Enterococcus faecalis (n=25; 25%) was the most common isolate, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (n=17; 17%) and a smaller proportion of Gram-negative bacilli, including Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. All isolates showed complete sensitivity to vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, amikacin, and imipenem, while variable resistance to macrolides, clindamycin, fluoroquinolones, and beta-lactams was observed. No extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenem-resistant strains were identified. Conclusion Enterococcus faecalis remains the predominant pathogen in pediatric endodontic infections, with its increasing multidrug resistance presenting significant therapeutic challenges. Nevertheless, beta-lactam and glycopeptide antibiotics continue to demonstrate reliable clinical efficacy. These findings highlight the importance of culture-guided therapy and rational antimicrobial stewardship in pediatric dental practice. CI - Copyright (c) 2026, Khandelwal et al. FAU - Khandelwal, Deepak AU - Khandelwal D AD - Dentistry, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND. FAU - Tyagi, Rishi AU - Tyagi R AD - Dentistry, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND. FAU - Khatri, Amit AU - Khatri A AD - Dentistry, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND. FAU - Nirmal, Kirti AU - Nirmal K AD - Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND. FAU - Yangdol, Padma AU - Yangdol P AD - Dentistry, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND. FAU - Nirmal, Swati AU - Nirmal S AD - Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND. FAU - Kumar, Aman AU - Kumar A AD - Dentistry, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND. FAU - Shaikh, Misbah AU - Shaikh M AD - Dentistry, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND. FAU - Jain, Nimisha AU - Jain N AD - Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260330 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC13127096 OTO - NOTNLM OT - antibiotic therapy OT - antimicrobial resistance OT - dental OT - dental therapy OT - endodontic treatment OT - microorganisms OT - pediatric dental patients OT - primary molar OT - pulp therapy COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital Ethics Committee issued approval GTBHEC 2024/P-224. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2026/05/01 06:34 MHDA- 2026/05/01 06:35 PMCR- 2026/03/30 CRDT- 2026/05/01 05:15 PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/05/01 06:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/05/01 05:15 [entrez] PHST- 2026/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.106128 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2026 Mar 30;18(3):e106128. doi: 10.7759/cureus.106128. eCollection 2026 Mar. PMID- 42001030 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260627 LR - 20260813 IS - 1471-2180 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2180 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 18 TI - Methicillin and inducible clindamycin resistance in Gram-positive cocci among GeneXpert-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and apparently healthy individuals in Northwest Ethiopia. LID - 10.1186/s12866-026-05071-y [doi] LID - 517 AB - BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Gram-positive cocci (GPC) among tuberculosis patients may complicate clinical outcomes and contribute to antimicrobial resistance. Methicillin resistance and inducible clindamycin resistance mediated by macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) phenotypes pose significant therapeutic challenges by limiting effective treatment options and contributing to treatment failure. In Ethiopia, data on methicillin resistance and inducible clindamycin resistance in Gram-positive cocci among PTB patients and apparently healthy individuals are scarce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, methicillin and inducible clindamycin resistance and associated factors of Gram-positive cocci among PTB patients and apparently healthy individuals in Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 participants, comprising 150 GeneXpert-positive PTB patients and 150 apparently healthy individuals, recruited from comprehensive specialized hospitals and the community, respectively. Sputum specimens were collected aseptically and cultured on blood and chocolate agar plates. Isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests by the disk diffusion method. Moreover, the D-test was performed to detect inducible clindamycin resistance. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 28. Binary logistic regression was used for the analysis, and p-values /= 66 years had lower odds of GPC positivity (AOR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.07-0.98), whereas participants with grades 5-8 education had higher odds (AOR: 8.65; 95% CI: 1.55-34.40). Cigarette smoking was inversely associated with GPC isolation (AOR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.18-0.97). Among apparently healthy individuals, grades 5-8 education was more likely to harbor GPC (AOR: 7.75; 95% CI: 1.26-24.57). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a high burden of Gram-positive cocci colonization among PTB patients, frequent MDR and methicillin resistance, and inducible clindamycin resistance. The strong association between rifampicin-resistant Mtb among PTB patients and MRSA highlights the clinical relevance of coexisting drug resistance. The substantial burden of antimicrobial resistance underscores the need for routine D-tests, bacterial surveillance, and targeted infection control, especially among high-risk groups such as PTB patients. FAU - Dilnessa, Tebelay AU - Dilnessa T AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia. tebelay@gmail.com. AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, P. O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. tebelay@gmail.com. FAU - Moges, Feleke AU - Moges F AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Tessema, Belay AU - Tessema B AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia. AD - Institute of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany. FAU - Hailu, Workagegnehu AU - Hailu W AD - Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Gelaw, Baye AU - Gelaw B AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260418 PL - England TA - BMC Microbiol JT - BMC microbiology JID - 100966981 RN - 3U02EL437C (Clindamycin) RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Clindamycin/pharmacology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - *Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/microbiology/epidemiology MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Adolescent MH - *Gram-Positive Cocci/drug effects/isolation & purification/genetics MH - Prevalence MH - Sputum/microbiology MH - *Methicillin Resistance PMC - PMC13224584 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Gram-positive cocci OT - Inducible clindamycin resistance OT - Methicillin resistance OT - Multi-drug resistance OT - Pulmonary tuberculosis COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the College of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Gondar (Ref. number: CMHS/SH/RTT/CoMEng/06/216/3/2015). Written permission letter was obtained from Debre Markos, Felege-Hiwot, and the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals for the data collection process. Written informed assent and consent was obtained from the parents/guardians and study participants, respectively. Participation was based on voluntarism. The confidentiality and anonymity of all participants information were strictly maintained throughout the research process. Participants were provided with appropriate counseling and referral services whenever necessary. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/19 13:11 MHDA- 2026/06/27 22:35 PMCR- 2026/04/18 CRDT- 2026/04/18 23:24 PHST- 2026/01/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 22:35 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/19 13:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/18 23:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12866-026-05071-y [pii] AID - 5071 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12866-026-05071-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Microbiol. 2026 Apr 18;26(1):517. doi: 10.1186/s12866-026-05071-y. PMID- 41992696 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260715 LR - 20260813 IS - 1469-4409 (Electronic) IS - 0950-2688 (Print) IS - 0950-2688 (Linking) VI - 154 DP - 2026 Apr 17 TI - Large outbreak of Salmonella Muenchen linked to dried coconut pieces, September 2020 to July 2021, Germany. PG - e55 LID - 10.1017/S0950268826101423 [doi] LID - e55 AB - In September 2020, an unexpected increase in Salmonella Muenchen patient isolates and notifications was observed. We investigated the outbreak to identify the vehicle of infection. RKI defined cases as patients with laboratory-confirmed S. Muenchen infections reported between September 2020 and July 2021. Genomes of clinical, food, and animal S. Muenchen isolates were analysed using cgMLST. We conducted interviews and performed a frequency-matched case-control study. We calculated frequencies and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) using logistic regression. We identified 301 cases in eight federal states in Germany. Hypothesis-generating interviews did not provide a conclusive hint of a possible vehicle. S. Muenchen strains were detected in dried coconut pieces, milk powder used for chocolate production, and a wild swan, all with a cgMLST profile indistinguishable from the prominent node comprising 116 patient isolates. Cases included in the case-control study more often consumed dried coconut pieces (22/30) than controls (2/116) (aOR: 176 (95% confidence interval: 32-954)). In this investigation, cgMLST analysis presented identical strains in three different isolate sources. The case-control study supported dried coconut pieces as vehicle of infection demonstrating the importance of interdisciplinary investigations and underscoring the potential impact of unusual vehicles. FAU - Staat, Doreen AU - Staat D AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Germany. AD - Postgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology (PAE), Robert Koch Institute, Germany. AD - European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Sweden. FAU - Simon, Sandra AU - Simon S AD - National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Other Bacterial Enteric Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Germany. FAU - Pietsch, Michael AU - Pietsch M AD - National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Other Bacterial Enteric Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Germany. FAU - Lamparter, Marina C AU - Lamparter MC AD - Department of Biological Safety, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, https://ror.org/03k3ky186German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Germany. FAU - Fischer, Jennie AU - Fischer J AD - Department of Biological Safety, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, https://ror.org/03k3ky186German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Germany. FAU - Schewe, Thomas AU - Schewe T AD - Unit 123 - Crisis Unit Office, Foodborne Outbreaks, Prevention, https://ror.org/00wf3sn74Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety Berlin Mitte, Germany. FAU - Rosner, Bettina Marlene AU - Rosner BM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0516-1711 AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Germany. FAU - Wagner, Tobias AU - Wagner T AD - https://ror.org/04bqwzd17Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Germany. FAU - Siling, Katja AU - Siling K AD - Department Health Promotion Health Protection, Unit Infectious Disease Epidemiology, NRW Centre for Health, Germany. FAU - Overhoff, Judith AU - Overhoff J AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, https://ror.org/029djbz77Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg Institute of Hygiene and Environment, Germany. FAU - Schafers, Christian AU - Schafers C AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, https://ror.org/029djbz77Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg Institute of Hygiene and Environment, Germany. FAU - Aust, Olivier AU - Aust O AD - Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office Rhein-Ruhr-Wupper (CVUA-RRW), Germany. FAU - Hiller, Ekkehard AU - Hiller E AD - https://ror.org/049waqj15Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office Stuttgart, Germany. FAU - Flieger, Antje AU - Flieger A AD - National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Other Bacterial Enteric Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Germany. FAU - Stark, Klaus AU - Stark K AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Germany. FAU - Gillesberg Lassen, Sofie AU - Gillesberg Lassen S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6226-5416 AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Germany. FAU - Meinen, Anika AU - Meinen A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9244-9486 AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260417 PL - England TA - Epidemiol Infect JT - Epidemiology and infection JID - 8703737 SB - IM MH - *Cocos/microbiology MH - Humans MH - Germany/epidemiology MH - *Disease Outbreaks MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Salmonella Food Poisoning/epidemiology/microbiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Food Microbiology MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - *Salmonella/isolation & purification/genetics MH - Aged, 80 and over PMC - PMC13161823 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Salmonella OT - case-control study OT - cgMLST OT - coconut OT - outbreak COIS- The authors declare none. EDAT- 2026/04/17 13:25 MHDA- 2026/04/30 06:34 PMCR- 2026/04/17 CRDT- 2026/04/17 02:13 PHST- 2026/04/30 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/17 13:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/17 02:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0950268826101423 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0950268826101423 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Epidemiol Infect. 2026 Apr 17;154:e55. doi: 10.1017/S0950268826101423. PMID- 41983026 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260415 LR - 20260813 IS - 1551-6776 (Print) IS - 2331-348X (Electronic) IS - 1551-6776 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Identification and Characterization of Mitragynine or 7-Hydroxymitraynine Oral Dosage Form Products That Appeal to Children. PG - 238-242 LID - 10.5863/JPPT-25-00082 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Kratom is the pulverized dried leaves of the Mitragyna speciosa tree and has a bitter taste and high ingestion volume that repels children. Newer products use a single alkaloid extract from the leaves, mitragynine, or oxidize mitragynine to 7-hydroxymitragynine and place it in various oral dosage forms. We identified oral dosage form products containing mitragynine and/or 7-hydroxymitragynine that are marketed in ways that appeal to children and define their alluring characteristics. METHODS: We performed Google searches to identify websites selling kratom products. Products were assessed and included if they had 1 or more features that would be attractive to children and defined their formulations, alkaloids, flavoring/scents, mascots, and packaging. RESULTS: Eighty unique products that appealed to children were found, and 36.3% were gummies, 28.8% were tablets, 18.8% were drink mixes or liquids, 15.0% were miscellaneous candies (saltwater taffies, ice cream cones, noobs, popping crystals, honey sticks, mints, lollipops), and 1.3% were chocolates. Thirty-eight products (47.5%) contained mitragynine, 35 products (43.8%) contained 7-hydroxymitragynine, 6 products (7.5%) contained both, and 1 product (1.3%) did not specify which alkaloid was included. Twenty-six products (32.5%) had a cartoon mascot or symbol. Sixty-six products (82.5%) had brightly colored packaging, 59 products (73.8%) had brightly colored formulations, and 73 formulations (91.3%) had a flavor or scent. CONCLUSIONS: Mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine are present in many products that could cause small children and teens to be exposed. CI - Copyright. Pediatric Pharmacy Association. All rights reserved. For permissions, email: membership@pediatricpharmacy.org. FAU - White, C Michael AU - White CM AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice (CMW, MA, DEK), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. FAU - Atallah, Mia AU - Atallah M AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice (CMW, MA, DEK), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. FAU - Khoury, Dana El AU - Khoury DE AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice (CMW, MA, DEK), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260413 PL - United States TA - J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther JT - The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG JID - 101089851 PMC - PMC13075402 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 7-hydroxymitragynine OT - children OT - formulation OT - kratom OT - mitragynine OT - mitragynine pseudoindoxyl OT - pediatric OT - toxicology EDAT- 2026/04/15 12:36 MHDA- 2026/04/15 12:37 PMCR- 2026/04/01 CRDT- 2026/04/15 04:31 PHST- 2025/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/15 12:37 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/15 12:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/15 04:31 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.5863/JPPT-25-00082 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2026 Apr;31(2):238-242. doi: 10.5863/JPPT-25-00082. Epub 2026 Apr 13. PMID- 41955305 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260714 IS - 1440-1592 (Electronic) IS - 1323-8930 (Linking) VI - 75 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Longitudinal trajectories of allergen sensitization in children with different transcriptome profiles from COCOA study. PG - 218-230 LID - S1323-8930(25)00113-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.alit.2025.09.007 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Allergen sensitization trajectories are linked to diverse allergic disease phenotypes, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS: The study used skin prick test data obtained from children in the COCOA birth cohort (n = 549) at 3, 7, and 9 years of age. Sensitization to 13 aeroallergens, categorized into four groups (house dust mite [HDM], pollens, pets, and mold), was assessed and classified into trajectories using group-based multi-trajectory modeling. Blood transcriptome and cytokine analyses at age 7 were also performed. RESULTS: Four allergen sensitization trajectories were identified: "no sensitization" (42.8 %), "HDM only" (29.9 %), "pollen predominant" (6.0 %), and "multiple sensitization" (21.3 %). The "HDM only" and "pollen predominant" trajectories were associated with an increased risk of allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic conjunctivitis. "Multiple sensitization" was associated with an increased risk of food allergy, atopic dermatitis, AR, and asthma during the first 9 years-of-age. IL-2 and IL-5 levels were elevated significantly in the "multiple sensitization" trajectory. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the "HDM only" trajectory was associated with B cell receptor responses, the "pollen predominant" trajectory was associated with MHC and T cell responses, and the "multiple sensitization" trajectory was associated with pathways related to barrier function, including IL-1 and tight junctions, while also sharing signaling pathways with both the "HDM only" and "pollen predominant" trajectories. CONCLUSIONS: Four aeroallergen sensitization trajectories with distinct transcriptome profile during childhood were detected. "Multiple sensitization" trajectory is associated with an increased risk of allergic comorbidities, potentially mediated through barrier dysfunction. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Japanese Society of Allergology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Lee, Eun AU - Lee E AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jeong-Hyun AU - Kim JH AD - NLRL for Innovative Cardiovascular Engineering, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - PHI Digital Healthcare, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Hea Young AU - Oh HY AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Seung Hwa AU - Lee SH AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, JongIk AU - Kim J AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yoon, Jisun AU - Yoon J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jihyun AU - Kim J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyunghee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Ji Soo AU - Park JS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sjhong@nmc.or.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251025 PL - England TA - Allergol Int JT - Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology JID - 9616296 RN - 0 (Allergens) RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Allergens/immunology MH - *Transcriptome MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Hypersensitivity/immunology/epidemiology/diagnosis/genetics MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - Animals MH - Immunization MH - Skin Tests MH - Cytokines/blood MH - Longitudinal Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Allergic disease OT - Barrier OT - Children OT - Sensitization OT - Trajectory OT - Transcriptome COIS- Conflict of interest The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2026/04/09 18:31 MHDA- 2026/04/09 18:32 CRDT- 2026/04/09 13:54 PHST- 2025/07/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/09 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 13:54 [entrez] AID - S1323-8930(25)00113-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.alit.2025.09.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Allergol Int. 2026 Apr;75(2):218-230. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2025.09.007. Epub 2025 Oct 25. PMID- 41955162 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260714 LR - 20260813 IS - 1545-861X (Electronic) IS - 0149-2195 (Print) IS - 0149-2195 (Linking) VI - 75 IP - 13 DP - 2026 Apr 9 TI - Severe Illness Associated with Eating Mushroom-Containing Chocolate Products - United States, January-October 2024. PG - 179-184 LID - 10.15585/mmwr.mm7513a2 [doi] AB - In late spring 2024, CDC was alerted to an outbreak of poisoning potentially associated with eating Diamond Shruumz microdosing chocolate bars. Diamond Shruumz microdosing chocolate bars are edible products designed so that small doses of mushroom-derived psychoactive compounds and other psychoactive ingredients can be eaten in a presectioned serving. In response to this alert, CDC and the Food and Drug Administration coordinated a nationwide outbreak investigation to characterize the potential poisonings associated with eating Diamond Shruumz microdosing chocolate bars. A case of poisoning was defined as an illness with moderate or major clinical effects (i.e., symptoms) as defined by America's Poison Centers in a person who ate any Diamond Shruumz product or another mushroom-containing chocolate product during January-October 2024. In total, 180 cases were reported in 34 states. Among these, 73 persons were hospitalized, including 38 persons who required intensive care unit (ICU) admission, 29 who required endotracheal intubation, and two deaths. Eating Diamond Shruumz chocolate bars was associated with higher odds of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] = 3.29; 95% CI = 1.51-7.40), ICU admission (OR = 6.30; 95% CI = 2.17-22.6), seizures (OR = 8.45; 95% CI = 3.00-27.9), and endotracheal intubation (OR = 8.04; 95% CI = 2.24-44.2), compared with eating other mushroom-containing chocolate products. Eating larger amounts of Diamond Shruumz chocolate bars was associated with an increased likelihood of hospitalization, ICU admission, and endotracheal intubation (p-value for trend tests [p-trend] = 0.023, 0.004, and <0.001, respectively). Diamond Shruumz products were recalled, and the public was advised not to eat, sell, or serve any Diamond Shruumz products and to discard any Diamond Shruumz products previously purchased. Testing of some Diamond Shruumz products identified substances present in psychoactive mushrooms, including muscimol, psilocin (a Schedule I controlled substance), kavalactones, and other substances in some, but not all, tested products. Consumers should be aware of the poisoning risk associated with eating Diamond Shruumz products and other mushroom-containing microdosing chocolate products due to variability in ingredient composition, the absence of standardized regulatory oversight for sampling and testing finished products, and the potential toxicity of compounds intended to produce psychoactive effects. FAU - Rumph, Jelonia T AU - Rumph JT FAU - Winquist, Andrea AU - Winquist A FAU - Troeschel, Alyssa N AU - Troeschel AN FAU - Pulver, Skylar AU - Pulver S FAU - Schnall, Amy Helene AU - Schnall AH FAU - Ebersole, Joseph AU - Ebersole J FAU - Yeh, Michael AU - Yeh M FAU - Burt, Brooke AU - Burt B FAU - Federman, Sharon L AU - Federman SL FAU - Klontz, Karl AU - Klontz K FAU - Dasenbrock, Catherine AU - Dasenbrock C FAU - Leahy, Heather L AU - Leahy HL FAU - Brady, Shane AU - Brady S FAU - Stuteville, Haylea AU - Stuteville H FAU - Patel, Ketki AU - Patel K FAU - Daniel, Johnni AU - Daniel J FAU - Chang, Arthur AU - Chang A LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260409 PL - United States TA - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep JT - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report JID - 7802429 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - United States/epidemiology MH - *Mushroom Poisoning/epidemiology/therapy MH - *Chocolate MH - *Disease Outbreaks MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Child MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC13065088 COIS- All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed. EDAT- 2026/04/09 18:31 MHDA- 2026/04/09 18:32 PMCR- 2026/04/09 CRDT- 2026/04/09 13:13 PHST- 2026/04/09 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/09 13:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - mm7513a2 [pii] AID - 10.15585/mmwr.mm7513a2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2026 Apr 9;75(13):179-184. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7513a2. PMID- 41951606 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20260604 LR - 20260813 IS - 2396-8370 (Electronic) IS - 2396-8370 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Apr 8 TI - Predicting schoolchildren's willingness to eat insect-based snacks: effects of information provision psychological and cognitive traits. LID - 10.1038/s41538-026-00826-3 [doi] LID - 179 AB - Disgust and neophobia limit insect-food acceptance, while education has variable effects on entomophagy attitudes. This study examined how food neophobia, disgust, educational information, entomophagy awareness, and eating behaviour profiles influence Italian children's (8-10 years old) acceptance of insect-based foods and how these traits moderate educational effects. Children participated in two in-person lectures and completed questionnaires before and after, featuring images of buffalo worms, crickets, and protein bars and chocolates containing these insects. Results showed that educational information increased willingness to eat insect-based foods. Children low in food neophobia and disgust were more likely to accept these products, and educational information reduced the negative influence of neophobia, particularly for cricket protein bars. These findings indicate that targeted education can partially offset reluctance. It offers practical guidance for snack producers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to promote sustainable, nutritious eating in children by addressing psychological barriers and fostering openness to novel foods. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Mota-Gutierrez, Jatziri AU - Mota-Gutierrez J AD - Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Turin, 10095, Turin, Italy. jatziri.motagutierrez@unito.it. FAU - Pater, Lotte AU - Pater L AD - Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands. FAU - Journee, Sabien AU - Journee S AD - Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands. FAU - Grevelman, Manouk AU - Grevelman M AD - Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands. FAU - Srikanthithasan, Karthika AU - Srikanthithasan K AD - Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Turin, 10095, Turin, Italy. FAU - Forte, Claudio AU - Forte C AD - Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Turin, 10095, Turin, Italy. FAU - Toschi, Paola AU - Toschi P AD - Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Turin, 10095, Turin, Italy. FAU - Mishyna, Maryia AU - Mishyna M AD - Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260408 PL - England TA - NPJ Sci Food JT - NPJ science of food JID - 101739627 PMC - PMC13237090 COIS- Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2026/04/09 00:33 MHDA- 2026/04/09 00:34 PMCR- 2026/04/08 CRDT- 2026/04/08 23:14 PHST- 2025/09/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2026/04/09 00:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/04/08 23:14 [entrez] PHST- 2026/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41538-026-00826-3 [pii] AID - 826 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41538-026-00826-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - NPJ Sci Food. 2026 Apr 8;10(1):179. doi: 10.1038/s41538-026-00826-3. PMID- 41925093 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260713 LR - 20260813 IS - 1365-2842 (Electronic) IS - 0305-182X (Print) IS - 0305-182X (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 8 DP - 2026 Aug TI - Effects of Meal Consumption on Isotonic Lingual Endurance in Healthy Adults: A Multi-Institutional Study. PG - 1436-1446 LID - 10.1111/joor.70190 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the impact of meal consumption on isotonic lingual endurance in a cohort of adults across the age span without dysphagia (swallowing impairment). METHODS: Participants at three academic centres completed pre- and post-meal lingual pressure tasks. Isotonic lingual endurance was assessed using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) at 50% of maximum lingual pressure (P(max)) Participants consumed a standardised meal (bagel with peanut butter, carrots, and chocolate milk) between assessments. Mixed-model MANOVAs evaluated endurance changes across meal condition, age and sex. RESULTS: A total of 141 adults (18-35 years, n = 75; >/= 65 years, n = 66) completed the study. Multivariate or univariate within-subject effects of meal consumption were observed for isotonic lingual endurance across time, age, sex, or their interactions (all p > 0.65; eta(2)p /= 60 defining msSDB. Multivariable regression models were used to identify dietary associations. A dietary prediction score was developed and its performance assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, followed by external validation in a separate cohort (n = 24). RESULTS: Among 406 participants (mean [SD] age, 8.0 [2.1] years; 174 girls [42.9%]), 80 children (19.7%) had msSDB. Higher intake of orange juice, sweets, chocolate, rice, and processed meats was significantly associated with greater total OSA-18 scores and worse subscale scores across domains. Conversely, fish for dinner and savory snacks were inversely associated with symptom burden. A dietary prediction model demonstrated acceptable discrimination for msSDB (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.72-0.84). The model showed 79.6% accuracy, 56.3% sensitivity, and 85.3% specificity, with comparable performance in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Specific dietary behaviors are associated with SDB symptom severity in children. A simple dietary-based score can help identify children at risk for clinically significant SDB, supporting the investigation of dietary interventions in pediatric SDB management. CI - (c) 2026. The Author(s). FAU - Chuang, Hai-Hua AU - Chuang HH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7394-4016 AD - School of Medicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. AD - Department of Community Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Hu, Ruei-Shan AU - Hu RS AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Lin, Wan-Ni AU - Lin WN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5782-8835 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Hsin, Li-Jen AU - Hsin LJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9201-0270 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Fang, Tuan-Jen AU - Fang TJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8762-3635 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Li, Hsueh-Yu AU - Li HY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9016-8098 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Lee, Li-Ang AU - Lee LA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8414-595X AD - School of Medicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. 5738@cgmh.org.tw. AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 5738@cgmh.org.tw. AD - School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 5738@cgmh.org.tw. AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Gueishan District,, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan. 5738@cgmh.org.tw. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260228 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Nutr JT - European journal of nutrition JID - 100888704 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Taiwan/epidemiology MH - *Sleep Apnea Syndromes/epidemiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Diet/adverse effects MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Risk Factors MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Quality of Life MH - ROC Curve MH - Body Mass Index MH - Prevalence PMC - PMC12950093 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child OT - Dietary behavior OT - Nutrition OT - Prediction model OT - Quality of life OT - Sleep-disordered breathing COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process: During the preparation of this work, the authors used Gemini 3 Pro in order to perform grammatical and spelling checks. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication. EDAT- 2026/02/28 12:53 MHDA- 2026/03/06 09:07 PMCR- 2026/02/28 CRDT- 2026/02/28 11:24 PHST- 2025/08/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/06 09:07 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/28 12:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/28 11:24 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00394-026-03921-z [pii] AID - 3921 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00394-026-03921-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Nutr. 2026 Feb 28;65(2):73. doi: 10.1007/s00394-026-03921-z. PMID- 41692061 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260707 IS - 1873-6351 (Electronic) IS - 0278-6915 (Linking) VI - 212 DP - 2026 Jun TI - Occurrence and exposure assessment of aflatoxins in cocoa-derived products marketed in Spain. PG - 116010 LID - S0278-6915(26)00084-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2026.116010 [doi] AB - Aflatoxins (AFs) are potent carcinogenic mycotoxins of global concern, particularly in widely consumed cocoa-derived products. This study evaluated AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2 in 394 samples (109 cocoa powder, 160 dark, and 125 milk chocolate bars) sold in Spain using a validated HPLC-FLD method. The method showed recoveries of 79.6-102.4%, with limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.01-0.04 mug/kg and 0.03-0.12 mug/kg, respectively. AFs were detected in 51.4% of cocoa powder and 28.8% of chocolate bars. Dark chocolate had higher positivity (39.4%) than milk chocolate (15.2%). AFB1 was the most prevalent toxin, found in 43.1% of cocoa powder (mean 0.30 mug/kg). The highest AFB1 and AFG1 concentrations were in cocoa powder (up to 3.0 mug/kg and 3.3 mug/kg, respectively). A strong positive correlation was found between cocoa solids content and AF levels in cocoa powder. Risk assessment via the Margin of Exposure (MOE) showed potential health concerns for adolescents, children, and toddlers from average consumption of cocoa powder (MOE <10,000). Under high intake scenarios, all age groups showed concern. Although chocolate is a minor source, exposure in vulnerable high-consumers supports the need for continued monitoring and refinement of risk assessment at the European level. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Concellon, Mario AU - Concellon M AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Veterinary Faculty, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: 818072@unizar.es. FAU - Salas, Guillermo AU - Salas G AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Veterinary Faculty, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: gsalas@unizar.es. FAU - Loran, Susana AU - Loran S AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Veterinary Faculty, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: sloran@unizar.es. FAU - Juan, Teresa AU - Juan T AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Veterinary Faculty, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon (CITA), Avda. Montanana 930, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: tjuan@cita-aragon.es. FAU - Carraminana, Juan Jose AU - Carraminana JJ AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Veterinary Faculty, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: carramin@unizar.es. FAU - Yague, Cristina AU - Yague C AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, 22002, Huesca, Spain. Electronic address: cyague@unizar.es. FAU - Herrera, Antonio AU - Herrera A AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Veterinary Faculty, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: aherrera@unizar.es. FAU - Arino, Agustin AU - Arino A AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Veterinary Faculty, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: aarino@unizar.es. FAU - Herrera, Marta AU - Herrera M AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Veterinary Faculty, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: herremar@unizar.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260213 PL - England TA - Food Chem Toxicol JT - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association JID - 8207483 RN - 0 (Aflatoxins) SB - IM MH - *Aflatoxins/analysis MH - *Cacao/chemistry MH - Spain MH - *Food Contamination/analysis MH - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - Humans MH - Risk Assessment MH - Limit of Detection OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aflatoxins OT - Chocolate OT - Cocoa powder OT - Daily intake OT - Mycotoxins OT - Risk assessment COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2026/02/16 00:31 MHDA- 2026/04/05 04:22 CRDT- 2026/02/15 19:29 PHST- 2025/11/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/02/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/05 04:22 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/16 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/15 19:29 [entrez] AID - S0278-6915(26)00084-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2026.116010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Chem Toxicol. 2026 Jun;212:116010. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2026.116010. Epub 2026 Feb 13. PMID- 41651348 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260707 LR - 20260707 IS - 1525-3198 (Electronic) IS - 0022-0302 (Linking) VI - 109 IP - 5 DP - 2026 May TI - The role of sugar reduction on flavor and acceptance of school lunch chocolate milk. PG - 4988-5003 LID - S0022-0302(26)00073-1 [pii] LID - 10.3168/jds.2025-27716 [doi] AB - Our objective was to investigate sucrose replacement in school lunch chocolate milk with nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners, with and without lactose hydrolysis of milk, on adult and child acceptance. In experiment 1, chocolate milk was formulated with nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners (allulose syrup, mixed-sugar syrup, stevia, monk fruit, or sucralose) to the iso-sweet intensity of a current school lunch chocolate milk formulation with 3.69% sucrose (wt/vol). In experiment 2, lactose-hydrolyzed (LH) chocolate milk was formulated with nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners (allulose syrup, mixed-sugar syrup, stevia, monk fruit) to the iso-sweet intensity of 3.69% sucrose (wt/vol). In experiment 3, LH chocolate milk was formulated with sweetener blends of allulose syrup, monk fruit, and stevia to the iso-sweet intensity 3.69% sucrose (wt/vol). Iso-sweetness for all experiments was determined using magnitude estimation scaling and confirmed by 2-alternative forced-choice paired comparison tests. Sensory properties of chocolate milks in each experiment were documented by descriptive analysis (DA) and temporal dominance of sensations (TDS). Consumer acceptance of chocolate milks was evaluated by adult consumers for all experiments, and by child consumers for experiment 3. Sweeteners in unhydrolyzed chocolate milk (experiment 1) were differentiated from the sucrose control chocolate milk due to bitter and metallic tastes inherent in the sweeteners. Liking scores for chocolate milks sweetened with allulose syrup, mixed-sugar syrup, and sucralose were not different from the sucrose control chocolate milk, whereas liking scores for chocolate milks sweetened with stevia and monk fruit were lower than the sucrose control. Lactose hydrolysis (experiment 2) enhanced sweetness, reducing the required sweetener concentration by approximately one-third. Consumer acceptance of LH chocolate milks with different sweeteners were not different. The application of sweetener blends in LH chocolate milk resulted in minimal differences by DA and TDS, and no differences in overall liking compared with the sucrose control chocolate milk among adult and child consumers (experiment 3). These findings demonstrate that combining lactose hydrolysis with non-nutritive sweetener blends can effectively replicate the sensory profile of sucrose-sweetened chocolate milk, offering a lactose-free, no-added-sugar alternative suitable for school lunch programs. This approach may help manufacturers meet nutritional goals while maintaining consumer appeal. CI - The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Dairy Science Association(R). This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). FAU - Nakamura, R P AU - Nakamura RP AD - Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Southeast Dairy Foods Research, Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695. FAU - Meletharayil, H AU - Meletharayil H AD - Dairy Management Inc., Rosemont, IL 14853. FAU - Keefer, H R M AU - Keefer HRM AD - Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Southeast Dairy Foods Research, Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695. FAU - Barbano, D M AU - Barbano DM AD - Cornell University, Department of Food Science, Northeast Dairy Foods Research Center, Ithaca, NY 14853. FAU - Drake, M A AU - Drake MA AD - Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Southeast Dairy Foods Research, Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695. Electronic address: maryanne_drake@ncsu.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260204 PL - United States TA - J Dairy Sci JT - Journal of dairy science JID - 2985126R RN - 0 (Sweetening Agents) RN - 57-50-1 (Sucrose) RN - J2B2A4N98G (Lactose) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - *Taste MH - Female MH - *Milk/chemistry MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - Adult MH - Child MH - *Food Preferences MH - Sweetening Agents MH - Schools MH - Male MH - Sucrose MH - Lactose/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - child acceptance OT - lactose hydrolysis OT - sucrose replacement EDAT- 2026/02/07 00:30 MHDA- 2026/04/28 00:33 CRDT- 2026/02/06 19:17 PHST- 2025/10/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/04/28 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2026/02/07 00:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/02/06 19:17 [entrez] AID - S0022-0302(26)00073-1 [pii] AID - 10.3168/jds.2025-27716 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Dairy Sci. 2026 May;109(5):4988-5003. doi: 10.3168/jds.2025-27716. Epub 2026 Feb 4. PMID- 41592635 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260701 LR - 20260701 IS - 1873-6351 (Electronic) IS - 0278-6915 (Linking) VI - 210 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Probabilistic biokinetic lead modeling to quantify relative contribution of chocolate bar intake to blood lead levels. PG - 115979 LID - S0278-6915(26)00053-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2026.115979 [doi] AB - Toxicokinetic models inform relative contribution assessments of constituents detected through biomonitoring. In this study, the U.S. EPA All-Ages Lead Model was used to evaluate whether chocolate bar consumption in the U.S. substantially contributes to the variance in blood lead levels (BLLs). Both deterministic estimates and probabilistic (Monte Carlo) sensitivity analyses were considered with age-specific exposure factors. Central tendency exposure scenarios revealed that chocolate contributed approximately 0.3-0.8 % of total Pb intake and 0.5-0.7 % of Pb in blood. In plausible high-end exposure scenarios (approximately 50-75 % of a full-size chocolate bar daily), chocolate contributed approximately 3.1-6.5 % of BLLs. Probabilistic analyses showed that BLL exceedances of the CDC blood-lead reference value were primarily associated with high-end soil and/or dust concentrations. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that soil and dust contributed 37 % and 51 % respectively to BLL variance in young children, while chocolate contributed approximately 0.1 %. BLL changes associated with chocolate consumption are most likely less than current analytical precision limits for commonly administered BLL tests. The findings indicate that chocolate consumption at typical U.S. levels represents a small fraction of overall Pb exposure. Risk management strategies should prioritize reducing residential soil and dust Pb exposures, the likely dominant pathways for elevated BLLs in the general population. CI - Copyright (c) 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Thornton, Stephanie A AU - Thornton SA AD - Formerly Stantec Consulting, Inc., 600 Grant Street, Suite 4940, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-2722, United States. Electronic address: stephanie.thornton@stantec.com. FAU - Mincin, Taylor M AU - Mincin TM AD - Formerly Stantec Consulting, Inc., 600 Grant Street, Suite 4940, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-2722, United States. FAU - Adebambo, Oluwadamilare A AU - Adebambo OA AD - Formerly Stantec Consulting, Inc., 600 Grant Street, Suite 4940, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-2722, United States. FAU - Kreider, Marisa L AU - Kreider ML AD - Formerly Stantec Consulting, Inc., 600 Grant Street, Suite 4940, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-2722, United States. FAU - Unice, Kenneth M AU - Unice KM AD - Formerly Stantec Consulting, Inc., 600 Grant Street, Suite 4940, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-2722, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260125 PL - England TA - Food Chem Toxicol JT - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association JID - 8207483 RN - 2P299V784P (Lead) SB - IM MH - *Lead/blood/pharmacokinetics MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - Humans MH - *Food Contamination/analysis MH - Monte Carlo Method MH - *Cacao MH - Models, Statistical OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biokinetic modeling OT - Chocolate OT - Lead OT - Modeling OT - Monte Carlo OT - Probabilistic COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: All authors are or were employed by Stantec Consulting, Inc., a consulting firm that provides scientific advice to governmental bodies, corporations, law firms, and various scientific/professional organizations. No outside funding was received for planning or executing the study, analyzing the samples, interpreting the data, or writing this manuscript. The study design, execution, results, and interpretation are the sole responsibility of the authors, and the text was prepared and written exclusively by the authors. EDAT- 2026/01/28 01:35 MHDA- 2026/02/10 01:30 CRDT- 2026/01/27 19:11 PHST- 2025/08/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2026/01/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/10 01:30 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/28 01:35 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/27 19:11 [entrez] AID - S0278-6915(26)00053-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2026.115979 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Chem Toxicol. 2026 Apr;210:115979. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2026.115979. Epub 2026 Jan 25. PMID- 41533559 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260602 LR - 20260920 IS - 1663-2826 (Electronic) IS - 1663-2818 (Print) IS - 1663-2818 (Linking) VI - 99 IP - 2 DP - 2026 TI - Dietary Habits in Children and Adolescents with Overweight and Obesity in Greece. PG - 246-265 LID - 10.1159/000550405 [doi] AB -

Introduction: Obesity in childhood and adolescence is a significant public health issue, associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The search for effective strategies to combat obesity has spurred the development of e-health technologies, which objectively record behavioral data and correlate them with factors that increase body mass index (BMI). The aim of our study was to assess the dietary habits of children and adolescents with overweight and obesity in Greece. METHODS: Eight hundred eighty (n = 880) children and adolescents (mean age +/- standard deviation: 12.226 +/- 1.972 years, 453 males, 427 females) participated in the study prospectively. Based on BMI, subjects were classified as having obesity (n = 658, 74.8%) and overweight (n = 222, 25.2%) according to the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-off points. Participants' medical history and anthropometric data were collected, and caregivers completed the self-administered ToyBox food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: Boys were more likely to have obesity (78.4% vs. 71%, p = 0.011) and girls were more likely to have overweight (29% vs. 21.6%, p = 0.011). The consumption of cereal without added sugar was higher across both BMI categories than the consumption of cereal with added sugar (p = 0.016). In both groups, the majority of participants consumed more than 115 g of meat and poultry (p = 0.019) with an increased frequency of 2-4 times per week (p = 0.034). Boys consumed more water, light beverages, vegetables, meat, fried potatoes, and chocolate spread than girls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide information on the dietary habits of children with overweight and obesity in our country, and may help develop guidelines for the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.

. CI - (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. FAU - Petrou, Ioulia AU - Petrou I AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. AD - MSc in General Pediatrics and Pediatric Subspecialties: Clinical Practice and Research, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. FAU - Ioannou, Georgia AU - Ioannou G AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. AD - MSc in General Pediatrics and Pediatric Subspecialties: Clinical Practice and Research, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. FAU - Manou, Maria AU - Manou M AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Genitsaridi, Sofia-Maria AU - Genitsaridi SM AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Ramouzi, Eleni AU - Ramouzi E AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Vourdoumpa, Aikaterini AU - Vourdoumpa A AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Kyrkili, Athanasia AU - Kyrkili A AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Papadopoulou, Marina AU - Papadopoulou M AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. FAU - Kassari, Penio AU - Kassari P AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. AD - MSc in General Pediatrics and Pediatric Subspecialties: Clinical Practice and Research, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. AD - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. FAU - Charmandari, Evangelia AU - Charmandari E AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece, evangelia.charmandari@googlemail.com. AD - MSc in General Pediatrics and Pediatric Subspecialties: Clinical Practice and Research, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece, evangelia.charmandari@googlemail.com. AD - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece, evangelia.charmandari@googlemail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260114 PL - Switzerland TA - Horm Res Paediatr JT - Hormone research in paediatrics JID - 101525157 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Body Mass Index MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Greece/epidemiology MH - *Overweight/epidemiology MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies PMC - PMC12916114 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Big data OT - Childhood obesity OT - Dietary habits OT - Prevention COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2026/01/15 16:13 MHDA- 2026/03/24 18:39 PMCR- 2026/01/14 CRDT- 2026/01/14 13:13 PHST- 2025/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2026/01/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/24 18:39 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/15 16:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/14 13:13 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 000550405 [pii] AID - 550405 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000550405 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Horm Res Paediatr. 2026;99(2):246-265. doi: 10.1159/000550405. Epub 2026 Jan 14. PMID- 41515263 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260625 LR - 20260625 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan 1 TI - Impact of Lifestyle Intervention on Long-Term Beverage Intake in Children with Overweight and Obesity: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study. LID - 10.3390/nu18010147 [doi] LID - 147 AB - Background: Higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) increases the risk of childhood obesity, while the effects of non-caloric beverages (NCBs) and dairy beverages remain inconsistent. This study investigated changes in beverage intake following a 10-week lifestyle camp and explored associations between changes in beverage intake and anthropometric measures. Methods: Children from two camp sites and aged 7-14 years (n:190) with overweight/obesity were included and pooled for the present study. Beverage intake was assessed by a Food Frequency Questionnaire at baseline, at 10 weeks, and at a one- and three-year follow-up. Anthropometry was assessed at the same timepoints. Results: Compared to baseline, participants had lower odds of reporting a high intake of SSBs (OR: 0.14, 95%-CI: 0.07; 0.28), NCBs (OR: 0.19, 95%-CI: 0.11; 0.34) and chocolate milk (OR: 0.18, 95%-CI: 0.09; 0.36) at 10 weeks, relative to a low intake, and were more likely to report a high intake of water. One and three years after the camp, the changes attenuated, reaching baseline levels for water, SSBs, and NCBs at the three-year follow-up. Across time, only weak to moderate correlations were observed between changes in beverage intake and BMI-SDS, body fat (%), and skeletal muscle mass (Spearman's rho = +/- 0.19-0.31). Conclusions: The lifestyle camp intervention effectively improved beverage intake among children with overweight/obesity; however, the changes were not sustained, emphasizing the need for long-term support to maintain the health benefits. Without a control group, it is not possible to determine whether these changes reflect natural variations in beverage intake. FAU - Jorgensen, Martin Emil AU - Jorgensen ME AD - Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Pauls, Dorthe Dalstrup AU - Pauls DD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8579-3198 AD - Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Danish National Center for Obesity, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Ibsen, Daniel Borch AU - Ibsen DB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7038-4770 AD - Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Bruun, Jens Meldgaard AU - Bruun JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9937-5467 AD - Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Danish National Center for Obesity, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark. LA - eng GR - None/Novo Nordisk Foundation/ GR - None/Sygeforsikring "danmark"/ GR - None/Arla Foods amba/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20260101 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Beverages MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - *Life Style MH - *Pediatric Obesity/therapy MH - Sugar-Sweetened Beverages MH - *Overweight MH - Animals PMC - PMC12787459 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - children and adolescents OT - chocolate milk OT - dietary intake OT - lifestyle intervention OT - milk OT - non-caloric beverages OT - overweight and obesity OT - sugar-sweetened beverages OT - water COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to the present manuscript. EDAT- 2026/01/10 06:31 MHDA- 2026/01/10 06:32 PMCR- 2026/01/01 CRDT- 2026/01/10 01:05 PHST- 2025/11/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/10 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2026/01/10 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2026/01/10 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2026/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu18010147 [pii] AID - nutrients-18-00147 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu18010147 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2026 Jan 1;18(1):147. doi: 10.3390/nu18010147. PMID- 41406134 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251217 LR - 20251220 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 12 DP - 2025 TI - The impact of diet and oral hygiene on dental caries among Turkish children: A cross-sectional study. PG - e0338081 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0338081 [doi] LID - e0338081 AB - BACKGROUND: Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent chronic conditions affecting children worldwide, yet they are largely preventable through modifiable factors such as diet and oral hygiene. This study aimed to examine the associations between dietary intake, oral hygiene practices, anthropometric measurements, and dental caries in children. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Bursa, Turkiye, between 1 October 2023 and 20 February 2024 with 210 children aged 5-12 years. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire on sociodemographic factors, oral hygiene, and a food frequency questionnaire related to dental health. Body weight and height were measured, and dental examinations were performed by a trained dentist using DMFT/dmft indices. RESULTS: Mean DMFT and dmft scores were 0.9 +/- 1.3 and 3.9 +/- 2.8, respectively. Children who brushed their teeth had significantly lower caries scores (p < 0.001); brushing twice daily was associated with lower dmft scores (p < 0.001). Caries scores did not differ significantly by body mass index (p > 0.05). Higher DMFT scores were associated with citrus fruits (beta = 0.322, p < 0.001), white bread (beta = 0.423, p < 0.001), and fruit juice (beta = 0.050, p < 0.05) consumption. Higher dmft scores were linked to chocolate (beta = 0.286), biscuits, cookies, and cakes (beta = 0.448), chips (beta = 0.179), and carbonated soft drinks (beta = 0.789) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the importance of promoting healthy eating and proper oral hygiene to prevent childhood dental caries and suggest that early oral health status may have broader implications for long-term systemic health, warranting further longitudinal investigation. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 Yesildemir et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Yesildemir, Ozge AU - Yesildemir O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2680-7147 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye. FAU - Ozay Sekendiz, Melisa AU - Ozay Sekendiz M AD - Okan University Dental Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Agagunduz, Duygu AU - Agagunduz D AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye. FAU - Budan, Ferenc AU - Budan F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1562-9496 AD - Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251217 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Male MH - Child MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Oral Hygiene MH - Turkey/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Diet MH - Oral Health MH - DMF Index MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC12711038 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2025/12/17 19:11 MHDA- 2025/12/17 19:12 PMCR- 2025/12/17 CRDT- 2025/12/17 13:34 PHST- 2025/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/17 19:12 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/17 19:11 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/17 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-25-41219 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0338081 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2025 Dec 17;20(12):e0338081. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0338081. eCollection 2025. PMID- 41403084 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260223 LR - 20260223 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) VI - 135 IP - 4 DP - 2026 Feb 28 TI - Brazilian school menus: an analysis of patterns and their relationship with sociodemographic factors and nutritional quality. PG - 474-480 LID - 10.1017/S0007114525105928 [doi] AB - There is a gap in the understanding of meal patterns offered to students targeted by the National School Feeding Programme (PNAE). This study aimed to identify and analyse the menu patterns planned in schools participating in the PNAE. This observational cross-sectional study was carried out from a database consisting of 557 weekly menus from primary schools across Brazilian municipalities. We used factor analysis (FA) with principal components analysis (PCA) to identify menu patterns. Nutritional quality assessment of the menus was based on the Revised School Feeding Menu Quality Index (IQCAE-R). Differences in nutritional quality and associations with sociodemographic factors were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Wilcoxon post hoc testing with Bonferroni correction. Two menu patterns were identified: (1) 'Traditional', predominantly composed of cereals and pasta, roots and tubers, legumes, vegetables, and meats and eggs; and (2) 'Snack', with a higher occurrence of bread, cakes, and biscuits, milk and dairy products, chocolate powder, and coffee and tea. The 'Traditional' pattern, consisting of food items commonly found in Brazilian food culture, and the 'Snack' pattern, characterised by the presence of sweets and highly processed foods, showed significant relationships with sociodemographic variables and nutritional quality of menus. Stimulating schools to provide meals that resemble the 'Traditional' pattern may contribute to the adoption of healthier dietary patterns, thus benefiting and strengthening health promotion through PNAE. FAU - Martins, Isabela Prado AU - Martins IP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5437-6586 AD - Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, https://ror.org/02k5swt12Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), 862 Botucatu Street, Vila Clementino, 04023-062Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Camargo, Rafaella Guimaraes Moraes AU - Camargo RGM AD - Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), 136 Silva Jardim, Santos, SP, Brazil. FAU - Ribeiro, Evandro Marcos Saidel AU - Ribeiro EMS AD - Department of Business, School of Economics Business Administration and Accounting of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Vila Monte Alegre, 14040-905Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. FAU - Domene, Semiramis Martins Alvares AU - Domene SMA AD - Department of Public Policies and Collective Health, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), 136 Silva Jardim Street, Vila Mathias, 11015-020Santos, SP, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20251217 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Brazil MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Schools MH - *Nutritive Value MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Sociodemographic Factors MH - *Food Services MH - *Diet MH - *Feeding Behavior OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary pattern OT - Nutrition programmes and policies OT - Public policy OT - School feeding EDAT- 2025/12/17 06:41 MHDA- 2026/02/23 13:06 CRDT- 2025/12/17 00:53 PHST- 2026/02/23 13:06 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/17 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/17 00:53 [entrez] AID - S0007114525105928 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114525105928 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Nutr. 2026 Feb 28;135(4):474-480. doi: 10.1017/S0007114525105928. Epub 2025 Dec 17. PMID- 41399208 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251216 LR - 20260127 IS - 2280-8000 (Electronic) IS - 2280-8000 (Linking) VI - 23 DP - 2025 Jan-Dec TI - The effect of fluoride varnish on the color stability and surface microhardness of bioactive restorative materials: An in vitro study. PG - 22808000251403913 LID - 10.1177/22808000251403913 [doi] AB - The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of fluoride varnishes on both the color stability and surface microhardness of different fluoride-releasing restorative materials exposed to beverages commonly consumed by children . This study was conducted as an in vitro experimental study design. Three different restorative materials (Dyract XP, Beautifil II, and Cention N) and a colorless fluoride varnish were used. The solutions in which the samples were immersed were selected as beverages commonly preferred by children: cherry juice, chocolate milk, and cola. Color changes of the samples were measured using a spectrophotometer at 1, 7, 14, and 28 days and calculated according to the CIEDE2000 total color difference formula. Surface microhardness values were measured using a digital microhardness testing device at 1 and 28 days. To assess the effects of variables and their interactions in repeated observation designs, generalized linear models and generalized linear mixed models were fitted. Following model estimation, Tukey's-adjusted estimated marginal means were computed to identify significant pairwise differences. Fluoride-releasing restorative materials exhibited varying degrees of color change and decrease in surface microhardness when immersed in different staining solutions. Among the tested materials, Cention N demonstrated the greatest color stability (DeltaE=1.01 for fluoride applied group, DeltaE=1.45 for the group without fluoride application) and least reduction in surface microhardness. Fluoride application initially caused a slight discoloration immediately after application. However, following immersion in different solutions, fluoride application appeared to enhance color stability (DeltaE=1.59 in the varnish-applied group, DeltaE=2.21 in the group without varnish application), but did not have a statistically significant effect on the surface microhardness. A negative correlation was observed between color change and surface microhardness; as the surface microhardness decreased, the extent of color change increased. This study highlights the prominent role of intraoral environmental factors in influencing the durability and aesthetic properties of fluoride-releasing restorative materials. Topical fluoride application has a beneficial effect on the color stability with a more pronounced effect observed with Cention N. FAU - Gokcek Tarac, Mihriban AU - Gokcek Tarac M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3960-8518 AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Karabuk University, Turkey. FAU - Cam, Melek AU - Cam M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4380-0852 AD - Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251215 PL - United States TA - J Appl Biomater Funct Mater JT - Journal of applied biomaterials & functional materials JID - 101586617 RN - 0 (Fluorides, Topical) RN - 0 (Composite Resins) RN - 0 (Dyract) RN - 0 (Beautifil composite resin) RN - 454I75YXY0 (Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate) RN - 0 (Compomers) SB - IM MH - Hardness MH - Color MH - *Fluorides, Topical/chemistry MH - Materials Testing MH - Surface Properties MH - *Composite Resins/chemistry MH - Humans MH - Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate MH - Compomers OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cention N OT - color change OT - compomer OT - fluoride varnish OT - giomer OT - surface microhardness COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2025/12/16 06:29 MHDA- 2025/12/16 06:30 CRDT- 2025/12/16 03:15 PHST- 2025/12/16 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/16 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/16 03:15 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/22808000251403913 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Appl Biomater Funct Mater. 2025 Jan-Dec;23:22808000251403913. doi: 10.1177/22808000251403913. Epub 2025 Dec 15. PMID- 41386337 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260130 LR - 20260516 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 219 DP - 2026 Apr 1 TI - Worry wart: A preregistered, experimental investigation of worry-induced emotional eating and associated psychological characteristics. PG - 108419 LID - S0195-6663(25)00572-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108419 [doi] AB - Perseverative cognition (e.g., worry, rumination) is cross-sectionally associated with disordered eating behaviors and negative affect; yet little research has examined its causal role in emotional eating (EE). The current preregistered experimental study tested the influence of one type of perseverative cognition-worry-on objectively measured food consumption in the laboratory. A total of 129 undergraduate students (67.4 % cisgender women, Age(M) = 19.87) were screened via a semi-structured diagnostic interview and randomly assigned to either a worry induction or control condition. Following the manipulation, participants completed a bogus taste test with chocolate, potato chips, and crackers. They also completed self-report measures of emotion regulation, intolerance of uncertainty, disinhibition, and EE. Manipulation checks confirmed that participants in the worry condition experienced significantly higher post-induction worry relative to controls. Primary analyses revealed that participants in the worry condition consumed significantly more potato chips (p = .039, d = .32) and total food (p = .032, d = .33) compared to the control condition. No moderating effects of intolerance of uncertainty (IU), emotion dysregulation (ER), or disinhibition were observed. Moreover, neither a broad-based self-report measure of EE (p = .555) nor a specific measure of worry-related EE (p = .855) predicted the amount of food consumed or moderated the effect of condition. Findings provide novel experimental evidence that worry, as a specific form of perseverative cognition, can contribute to EE behavior. Targeting worry as a transdiagnostic mechanism may enhance the effectiveness of interventions for EE. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Dixit, Urvashi AU - Dixit U AD - University of South Alabama, Department of Psychology, AL, 36688, USA. Electronic address: ud2121@jagmail.southalabama.edu. FAU - Barnhart, Wesley R AU - Barnhart WR AD - Suffolk University, Department of Psychology, Boston, MA, 02108, USA. FAU - Henderson, Rachel R AU - Henderson RR AD - University of South Alabama, Department of Psychology, AL, 36688, USA. FAU - Larsen, Jorin D AU - Larsen JD AD - University of South Alabama, Department of Psychology, AL, 36688, USA. FAU - Folk, Emma G AU - Folk EG AD - University of South Alabama, Department of Psychology, AL, 36688, USA. FAU - Ahlich, Erica M AU - Ahlich EM AD - University of South Alabama, Department of Psychology, AL, 36688, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20251211 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Male MH - *Anxiety/psychology MH - *Emotions MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Eating/psychology MH - Uncertainty MH - Students/psychology MH - Cognition MH - Emotional Eating OTO - NOTNLM OT - Disinhibition OT - Emotion regulation OT - Emotional eating OT - Experimental study OT - Perseverative cognition OT - Uncertainty OT - Worry COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2025/12/13 00:32 MHDA- 2026/01/31 00:29 CRDT- 2025/12/12 19:31 PHST- 2025/08/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/31 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/13 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/12 19:31 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(25)00572-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108419 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2026 Apr 1;219:108419. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108419. Epub 2025 Dec 11. PMID- 41383163 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251212 LR - 20251212 IS - 2035-648X (Electronic) IS - 1591-996X (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Dec 1 TI - SIOI Policy on Sugar Intake: Limiting Free Sugars from Earliest Days of Life to Prevent Caries, Specific Non-Communicable Diseases, and Tumors. PG - 332-335 LID - 10.23804/ejpd.2025.26.04.02 [doi] AB - AIM: The Italian Society of Paediatric Dentistry (SIOI) is committed to encouraging the different health professionals taking care of children (e.g., paediatric dental practitioners, paediatricians, gynecologists, obstetricians, dental hygienists, and dieticians) to educate parents (up to the period of pregnancy) and caregivers to limit their children's consumption of cariogenic sugars. The purpose of this SIOI policy is to provide quality communication and information, based on the most updated scientific evidence, on the amount of free sugars (those classified as cariogenic) that can be consumed daily in the diet during the first two years of life, and then from childhood throughout life. This Policy communication aims to reduce the prevalence and severity of caries in both childhood and adulthood and, in addition, to prevent the occurrence of other specific non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that share the risk factor of excessive free sugar intake with caries. NCDs related to free sugar intake are obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, as well as some cancers and all-cause mortality. METHODS: This policy is based on the most updated and methodologically valid evidence, drawing from data found in systematic reviews (with or without meta-analysis) as well as guidelines and policies (or any official statements/documents) promulgated by the most relevant international scientific societies in this field. The references collection was carried out by searching the PubMed(R)/MEDLINE electronic database using the following keyword terms: sugar, monosaccharide, disaccharide, sucrose, lactose, galactose, fructose, glucose, maltose, sweetened beverage, sweet food, dessert, snack, candy, cookies, chewing gum, chocolate, dairy products, fruit juice, honey, syrup, and molasses. Only studies and statements/documents written in English, available in their full text, and published within the last 10 years were included in this policy. No restrictions were adopted on the age, gender, and provenience of study participants. The interpretation of the literature findings and the subsequent formulation of policy recommendations were based on the consensus of a multidisciplinary expert panel of researchers and clinicians working in this field. FAU - Paglia, L AU - Paglia L AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Lombardo, G AU - Lombardo G AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Colombo, S AU - Colombo S AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Bettocchi, S AU - Bettocchi S AD - Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. FAU - Giuca, M R AU - Giuca MR AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Di Taranto, V AU - Di Taranto V AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Moscati, M AU - Moscati M AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Bagattoni, S AU - Bagattoni S AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Beretta, M AU - Beretta M AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Cadenaro, M AU - Cadenaro M AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI) - Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy. FAU - Caruso, S AU - Caruso S AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Cianetti, S AU - Cianetti S AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Defabianis, P AU - Defabianis P AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Del Conte, R AU - Del Conte R AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Lardani, L AU - Lardani L AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Gatto, R AU - Gatto R AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Marzo, G AU - Marzo G AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). FAU - Gallusi, G AU - Gallusi G AD - Italian Society of Pediatric Dentistry - Societa Italiana di Odontoiatria Infantile (SIOI). LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Italy TA - Eur J Paediatr Dent JT - European journal of paediatric dentistry JID - 101121881 RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dental Caries/prevention & control MH - *Dietary Sugars/adverse effects/administration & dosage MH - *Noncommunicable Diseases/prevention & control MH - *Neoplasms/prevention & control MH - Italy MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Child MH - Pediatric Dentistry MH - Societies, Dental MH - *Nutrition Policy MH - Child, Preschool EDAT- 2025/12/12 07:20 MHDA- 2025/12/12 07:21 CRDT- 2025/12/12 04:03 PHST- 2025/12/12 07:21 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/12 07:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/12 04:03 [entrez] AID - 10.23804/ejpd.2025.26.04.02 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2025 Dec 1;26(4):332-335. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2025.26.04.02. PMID- 41379331 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251211 LR - 20260106 IS - 1573-2983 (Electronic) IS - 0269-4042 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Dec 11 TI - Pollution evaluation and risk assessment of toxic metals in soils under cocoa production in Bono Region, Ghana. PG - 42 LID - 10.1007/s10653-025-02932-9 [doi] AB - Pollution of cultivated soils from heavy metals (HMs) is a global issue that threatens soil quality, food security, and human health. This study assessed HM concentrations from 60 soil samples from various cocoa farms in the Bono Region of Ghana. Additionally, the study determined the impact of these metals using pollution indices, eco-environmental risk assessments, and health risk assessments. The results indicated that the concentrations of the eight selected HMs surpassed their respective reference background values and were ordered as: Fe > Cu > Zn > Cd > As > Pb > Ni > Hg. The concentrations of Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn were lower than the WHO/FAO soil quality standards. Yet, the levels of As, Cd, Cu, and Fe surpassed the quality standards by 166.40, 14,425.00, 405.36, and 320.97%, respectively. The farmland soils were significantly enriched with As, Cd, Hg, and Pb, indicating a very high level of soil contamination based on their CF values. The study revealed that soil contamination from HMs, especially Cd can adversely affect soil biota and the ecosystem based on the computed ecological risk, toxic risk index, and modified hazard quotient. The higher hazard quotient (HI > 1) and total cancer risk (TCR > 1E-04) from HM in the children compared to the adults denote non-carcinogenic and cancer health risk in the children population. From the results, the HMs in the cocoa soils have compromised eco-environmental and human health, calling for prompt action to restore soil quality and enhanced policies on agrochemicals and fertilizer usage. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. FAU - Agbeshie, Alex Amerh AU - Agbeshie AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3319-1512 AD - Environmental Management Department, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana. alex.agbeshie@uenr.edu.gh. FAU - Mensah, Genevieve AU - Mensah G AD - Environmental Management Department, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana. FAU - Amoako, Vicentia AU - Amoako V AD - Environmental Management Department, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana. FAU - Baryeh, Precious AU - Baryeh P AD - Environmental Management Department, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana. FAU - Zibilila, Adisa AU - Zibilila A AD - Environmental Management Department, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana. FAU - Awuah, Richard AU - Awuah R AD - Department of Sustainable Resources Management, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251211 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Geochem Health JT - Environmental geochemistry and health JID - 8903118 RN - 0 (Soil Pollutants) RN - 0 (Metals, Heavy) RN - 0 (Soil) SB - IM MH - Ghana MH - *Soil Pollutants/analysis/toxicity MH - Risk Assessment MH - *Cacao/growth & development MH - *Metals, Heavy/analysis/toxicity MH - Humans MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - Soil/chemistry OTO - NOTNLM OT - Agricultural soil pollution OT - Carcinogens OT - Contamination indices OT - Health risk assessments OT - Toxic elements COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/12/11 13:05 MHDA- 2025/12/11 13:06 CRDT- 2025/12/11 11:13 PHST- 2025/06/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/12/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/11 13:06 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/11 13:05 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/11 11:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s10653-025-02932-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10653-025-02932-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Environ Geochem Health. 2025 Dec 11;48(1):42. doi: 10.1007/s10653-025-02932-9. PMID- 41372944 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260114 LR - 20260521 IS - 1477-7517 (Electronic) IS - 1477-7517 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Dec 10 TI - Patterns of flavored e-cigarette use at the time of quitting smoking: comparison between American young adults (18-24 years old) and older adults (> 24 years old). PG - 9 LID - 10.1186/s12954-025-01343-4 [doi] LID - 9 AB - BACKGROUND: Flavored e-cigarettes remain a controversial public health topic, with disagreement on their potential benefits and harms. In this study we compared patterns of flavor use in e-cigarettes at the time of quitting smoking between young adults (18-24 years old) with older adults (> 24 years old). METHODS: A convenience sample of US adults who formerly smoked and reported consuming e-cigarettes every day or some days during the period of quitting smoking were included in the study (N = 51,641) and responded to an online questionnaire. Participants were divided into young adults (n = 9895) and older adults (n = 41746). RESULTS: The most popular flavors used regularly by young adults and older adults were fruit (92.3% and 81.3%, P < 0.001), followed by dessert/pastry/bakery (67.3% and 68.1%, P = 0.054) and candy/chocolate/sweet (49.7% and 43.3%, P < 0.001). Fruit was the most prevalent single most often used flavor for both groups but was more prevalent in young adults (63.4% vs. 46.0% in older adults, P < 0.001), followed by dessert/pastry/bakery which was more prevalent in older adults (32.1% vs. 22.7% in young adults, P < 0.001). Menthol and mint/wintergreen flavors, while the fourth and fifth most popular flavors used regularly, were the single most often used flavors by only a small minority in both groups. Tobacco flavor was the single most often used flavor by 1.1% of young and 6.0% of older adults (P < 0.001). From logistic regression analysis, being a young adult was positively associated with the use of fruit (OR: 1.65, 95% CI 1.16-2.35), menthol (OR: 1.58, 95% CI 1.09-2.30), mint/wintergreen (OR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.00-2.28) and non-alcoholic/non-coffee drink (OR: 1.83, 95% CI 1.18-2.83) flavors, and negatively associated with the use of tobacco (OR: 0.52, 95% CI 0.34-0.78) flavor at the time of quitting smoking. CONCLUSION: Non-tobacco flavors were popular among the US adult former-smoking e-cigarette consumers at the time of quitting smoking, but different flavor preferences exist between young and older adults. Tobacco flavor use prevalence was low, as were menthol and mint/wintergreen, particularly as the single most often used flavors. Future studies should explore patterns of e-cigarette flavor use in young adults who smoke or used to smoke, in addition to those with no smoking history. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Farsalinos, Konstantinos AU - Farsalinos K AD - Academic Unit for the Study of Smoking Behavior, University of West Attica, Egaleo, Greece. kfarsalinos@gmail.com. AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece. kfarsalinos@gmail.com. FAU - Russell, Christopher AU - Russell C AD - Russell Burnett Research & Consultancy Ltd, Glasgow, UK. FAU - Polosa, Riccardo AU - Polosa R AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. AD - Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), Universita di Catania, Catania, Italy. AD - Teaching Hospital "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), University of Catania, Catania, Italy. AD - Institute of Internal Medicine, Teaching Hospital "AOU Policlinico - V. Emanuele - S. Marco", University of Catania, Catania, Italy. FAU - Poulas, Konstantinos AU - Poulas K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece. FAU - Lagoumintzis, George AU - Lagoumintzis G AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece. FAU - Barbouni, Anastasia AU - Barbouni A AD - Academic Unit for the Study of Smoking Behavior, University of West Attica, Egaleo, Greece. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251210 PL - England TA - Harm Reduct J JT - Harm reduction journal JID - 101153624 RN - 0 (Flavoring Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - *Flavoring Agents MH - *Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems/statistics & numerical data MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - *Vaping/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Age Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC12801745 COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: GL, and AB have nothing to report for the past 5 years. CR reports that, in the past three years, his employer, Russell Burnett Research & Consultancy Ltd, has received funding from e‑cigarette/tobacco product manufacturers to conduct behavioral research on population use, use intentions, and perceptions of e‑cigarettes/vaping products, and on the effects of e‑cigarette use/vaping on population use of other tobacco products. KP has received service grants and research funding from a number of Vaping Companies. He is the Head of the Institute of Research and Innovations, which has received a grant from the Foundation for a Smoke Free World. KF has no conflict of interest to report concerning e-cigarettes. Very recently, he has contributed to the development of research protocols for nicotine pouches. RP is full tenured professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Catania (Italy) and Medical Director of the Institute for Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology at the same University. He has received grants from U-BIOPRED and AIR-PROM, Integral Rheumatology & Immunology Specialists Network (IRIS), Foundation for a Smoke Free World, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, CV Therapeutics, NeuroSearch A/S, Sandoz, Merk Sharp & Dohme, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Arbi Group Srl., Duska Therapeutics, Forest Laboratories and Ministero dell Universita' e della Ricerca (MUR) Bando PNRR 3277/2021 (CUP E63C22000900006) and 341/2022 (CUP E63C22002080006), funded by NextGenerationEU, the European Union (EU) economic recovery package. He is founder of the Center for Tobacco Prevention and Treatment (CPCT) at the University of Catania and of the Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction at the same university. He receives consultancy fees from Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Duska Therapeutics, Forest Laboratories, CV Therapeutics, and Sermo Inc. He is being paid textbook royalties from Elsevier. He is also involved in a patent application for ECLAT Srl. He is a pro bono scientific advisor for Lega Italiana Anti Fumo (LIAF) and the International Network of Nicotine Consumers Organizations (INNCO); and he is Chair of the European Technical Committee for Standardization on "Requirements and test methods for emissions of electronic cigarettes" (CEN/TC 437; WG4). EDAT- 2025/12/11 01:22 MHDA- 2026/01/14 07:06 PMCR- 2025/12/10 CRDT- 2025/12/10 23:47 PHST- 2025/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/14 07:06 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/11 01:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/10 23:47 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12954-025-01343-4 [pii] AID - 1343 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12954-025-01343-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Harm Reduct J. 2025 Dec 10;23(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12954-025-01343-4. PMID- 20301460 STAT- Publisher DRDT- 20251211 CTDT- 20020619 PB - University of Washington, Seattle DP - 1993 TI - Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1. BTI - GeneReviews((R)) AB - CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is caused by deficiency of the liver peroxisomal enzyme alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), which catalyzes the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine. When AGT activity is reduced or absent, glyoxylate is converted to oxalate, which cannot be metabolized and must be excreted by the kidneys. Insoluble calcium oxalate crystals form due to high urinary oxalate concentration. Urinary crystals aggregate, leading to nephrolithiasis (i.e., calcium oxalate kidney stones) in the renal pelvis / urinary tract; often the crystals deposit in kidney parenchyma (nephrocalcinosis). The age at presentation of PH1 ranges from infancy (age <12 months) in 10% of individuals, childhood/adolescence (age 1-17 years) in 70%, and adulthood (age >/=18 years) in 20%. The natural history of untreated PH1 is (1) progressive decline in kidney function due to complications of nephrolithiasis (e.g., urinary obstruction, infection) and nephrocalcinosis, and (2) in persons with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), high plasma oxalate concentrations result in other organ and tissue damage from calcium oxalate deposition (i.e., "oxalosis"), most commonly in the bones, heart, and retina. In the absence of treatment, progression of oxalosis results in death from kidney failure and/or other organ involvement. DIAGNOSIS/TESTING: The diagnosis of PH1 is established in a proband with supportive laboratory findings (excess excretion of oxalate in the urine and/or markedly increased plasma oxalate concentration) and biallelic pathogenic variants in AGXT identified by molecular genetic testing. MANAGEMENT: Targeted therapies: (1) Pyridoxine (vitamin B(6)) to reduce liver oxalate production in individuals with missense AGXT variants known to be pyridoxine responsive; (2) RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics (lumasiran and nedosiran) that target specific hepatic enzymes to reduce liver overproduction of oxalate; and (3) liver transplantation to restore normal hepatic AGT enzyme activity. Supportive care: Goal is to reduce stone formation, reduce frequency of symptomatic stone events, and preserve kidney function. Advanced loss of kidney function may require dialysis and kidney transplantation. Kidney and liver transplantation can be performed simultaneously or sequentially. Surveillance: Individuals with PH1 require lifelong care including regularly scheduled assessments of (1) kidney function and urinalysis; (2) urine volume and urine oxalate excretion; (3) kidney ultrasound examination; and (4) signs and symptoms of systemic oxalosis (most commonly involving bones, heart, and retina). The frequency of these assessments is based on the individual's kidney function. Agents/circumstances to avoid: Intravascular volume depletion; high doses of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or any pharmacologic agent that can compromise kidney function; intake of vitamin C exceeding the recommended daily allowance; loop diuretics; large intake of foods high in oxalate (e.g., chocolate, rhubarb, starfruit). Evaluation of relatives at risk: Family screening for PH1, particularly sibs of the proband, is warranted given intrafamilial variability, significant disease risks even in asymptomatic family members, and availability of therapeutic agents highly effective in reducing urine oxalate. Pregnancy management: Although pregnancy does not appear to be an important risk factor for developing end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in most women with PH1, close monitoring is warranted by both an obstetrician and nephrologist during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Of note, the recently approved targeted therapies, lumasiran and nedosiran, have not been studied during human pregnancy. While preclinical animal studies have been reassuring, pending more clinical data the authors would advise women to discontinue use of either therapy prior to becoming pregnant and during pregnancy. GENETIC COUNSELING: PH1 is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. If both parents are known to be heterozygous for an AGXT pathogenic variant, each sib of an affected individual has at conception a 25% chance of being affected, a 50% chance of being an asymptomatic carrier, and a 25% chance of being unaffected and not a carrier. Once the AGXT pathogenic variants have been identified in an affected family member, carrier testing for at-risk relatives and prenatal/preimplantation genetic testing are possible. CI - Copyright (c) 1993-2026, University of Washington, Seattle. GeneReviews is a registered trademark of the University of Washington, Seattle. All rights reserved. FED - Adam, Margaret P ED - Adam MP FED - Bick, Sarah ED - Bick S FED - Mirzaa, Ghayda M ED - Mirzaa GM FED - Wallace, Stephanie E ED - Wallace SE FED - Amemiya, Anne ED - Amemiya A FAU - Milliner, Dawn S AU - Milliner DS AD - Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota FAU - Harris, Peter C AU - Harris PC AD - Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota FAU - Sas, David J AU - Sas DJ AD - Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota FAU - Cogal, Andrea G AU - Cogal AG AD - Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota FAU - Lieske, John C AU - Lieske JC AD - Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota LA - eng PT - Review PT - Book Chapter PL - Seattle (WA) OTO - NLM OT - Alanine-glyoxylate transaminase OT - AGXT OT - Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 EDAT- 2025/12/11 00:00 CRDT- 2025/12/11 00:00 AID - NBK1283 [bookaccession] PMID- 41363401 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251209 LR - 20251209 IS - 1099-0801 (Electronic) IS - 0269-3879 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan TI - Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating HPLC-UV Assay for Quantification of Tafenoquine Succinate in a Novel Paediatric Antimalarial Formulation. PG - e70303 LID - 10.1002/bmc.70303 [doi] AB - Tafenoquine, an 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial, represents a promising advancement in combating malaria, but its bitter taste and lack of paediatric formulations hinder effective treatment for children. In response, we have formulated a chocolate-based chewable tafenoquine tablet for paediatric use. A rapid, stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection was developed and validated for tafenoquine succinate quantification. Tablet samples were extracted with 85% methanol and analysed on a Waters XBridge C18 (150 x 4.6 mm, 5 mum) column using an isocratic mobile phase of 50 mM potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate buffer (pH 4.5) and acetonitrile (40:60, v/v). Detection was at 254 nm, with a retention time of 4.3 min. The method was linear over 0-313.6 mug/mL (R(2) >/= 0.999) with limits of detection and quantification of 2.22 and 6.73 mug/mL, respectively. Precision (RSD 0.15%-1.35%) and accuracy (101.48%-101.90%) met International Council for Harmonisation Q2 (R2) criteria. Forced degradation showed tafenoquine's susceptibility to acidic (29.33%), basic (18.83%), photolytic (complete degradation by day 14), and oxidative (8.33%) stress, with complete chromatographic separation from degradation products. This robust, rapid and low-cost assay is suitable for routine content and stability testing, is adaptable to other tafenoquine formulations and can be further applied to clinical settings. CI - (c) 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Bartlett, Madison L AU - Bartlett ML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2539-2042 AD - Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Curtin Medical Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Page-Sharp, Madhu AU - Page-Sharp M AD - Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Curtin Medical Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Yoo, Okhee AU - Yoo O AD - Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Institute for Paediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Nguyen, Minh N AU - Nguyen MN AD - Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Institute for Paediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Lim, Lee Yong AU - Lim LY AD - Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Institute for Paediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Moore, Brioni R AU - Moore BR AD - Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Curtin Medical Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia. AD - Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Biomed Chromatogr JT - Biomedical chromatography : BMC JID - 8610241 RN - 0 (Antimalarials) RN - 262P8GS9L9 (tafenoquine) RN - 0 (Aminoquinolines) RN - 0 (Tablets) SB - IM MH - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods MH - *Antimalarials/analysis/chemistry MH - *Aminoquinolines/analysis/chemistry MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Limit of Detection MH - Linear Models MH - Drug Stability MH - Tablets/chemistry MH - Humans MH - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - HPLC-UV OT - antimalarial OT - stability OT - tafenoquine EDAT- 2025/12/09 13:08 MHDA- 2025/12/09 13:09 CRDT- 2025/12/09 07:16 PHST- 2025/10/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/09 13:09 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/09 13:08 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/09 07:16 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/bmc.70303 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Chromatogr. 2026 Jan;40(1):e70303. doi: 10.1002/bmc.70303. PMID- 41348699 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251205 LR - 20251208 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 12 DP - 2025 TI - Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, its associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among school children in Babile district, eastern Ethiopia. PG - e0337950 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0337950 [doi] LID - e0337950 AB - BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization is a growing concern globally, including in Ethiopia. School-aged children are a key reservoir that can lead to endogenous infections and a potential source for the transmission in the community. However, little is known about its nasopharyngeal carriage rates in eastern Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among primary school children in Babile District, Eastern Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at primary schools in the Babile district, Eastern Ethiopia, from November 15, 2022, to January 8, 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was used to enroll 337 schoolchildren. Data on sociodemographic and a potenail associated factors was collected using structured questionnaires. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected, transported in Amies medium, and cultured on blood and chocolate agar. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified based on colony morphology, Gram staining, hemolysis, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Data was entered in EpiData and analyzed in SPSS. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with pneumococcal carriage, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05 and 95% CI. RESULTS: Overall nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae was 16% (54/337) (95% CI: 12.0-20.0). The ages of the children ranged from 7 to 17 years, with a mean age of 12.75 years (SD +/- 2.56). Passive smoking (AOR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.45-5.67), single room house (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.32-5.49), greater than or equal to two siblings under 5 years old in the house(AOR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.88-12.25), and previous respiratory tract infection (AOR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.66-6.32) were significantly associated with nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae showed higher drug resistance to Tetracycline 23 (42.6%) and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) 18 (33.3%) and was found to be highly susceptible to oxacillin 32(72.2%), Vancomycin 41(75.9%) and Erythromycin 44 (81.48%). CONCLUSION: A considerable proportion of asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in school children was associated with having a history of respiratory tract infection, being passive smokers, having greater than or equal to two siblings under 5 years old in the house, and living in a single-room house. A higher resistance of isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae was observed to tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Thus, it is necessary to regularly assess the trend of antibiotic resistance andthe prevalence of pneumonia among asymptomatic children, and it is impretive to focus on modifiable associated factors in controlling the diseases. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 Mohammed et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Mohammed, Fuad Abdi AU - Mohammed FA AD - Bisidimo General Hospital, Bisidimo, Eastern, Ethiopia. FAU - Sarkar, Rajesh AU - Sarkar R AD - School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia. FAU - Ayele, Firayad AU - Ayele F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3372-3227 AD - School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia. FAU - Urgesa, Kedir AU - Urgesa K AD - School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251205 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects/isolation & purification MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Nasopharynx/microbiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology/microbiology/drug therapy MH - *Carrier State/microbiology/epidemiology MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Schools MH - Adolescent MH - Risk Factors MH - Drug Resistance, Bacterial PMC - PMC12680174 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2025/12/05 19:00 MHDA- 2025/12/05 19:01 PMCR- 2025/12/05 CRDT- 2025/12/05 13:36 PHST- 2024/09/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/05 19:01 [medline] PHST- 2025/12/05 19:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/12/05 13:36 [entrez] PHST- 2025/12/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-24-38091 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0337950 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2025 Dec 5;20(12):e0337950. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0337950. eCollection 2025. PMID- 41300675 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251127 LR - 20251130 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 11 DP - 2025 Nov 17 TI - Phytotherapy in Pediatric Dentistry: A Narrative Review of Clinical Applications and Evidence. LID - 10.3390/children12111559 [doi] LID - 1559 AB - Background/Objectives: Phytotherapy, the use of plant-derived bioactive compounds for therapeutic purposes, has gained increasing attention in dentistry as a natural, well-tolerated, and culturally acceptable adjunct to conventional treatments. In pediatric dentistry, its potential relevance lies in its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, which may support oral health, caries prevention, pulp vitality, and gingival health. This narrative review aimed to summarize the current clinical evidence regarding the application of phytotherapeutic agents in pediatric oral care. Methods: A narrative review was conducted according to SANRA guidelines, including clinical studies on plant-based products used for preventive or therapeutic purposes in children and adolescents. Results: Forty-three clinical studies met the inclusion criteria. The most commonly investigated agents included licorice, green tea, cocoa husk, cranberry, pomegranate, Aloe vera, and miswak. These agents demonstrated antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria, reduction in plaque and gingival indices, and favorable healing in pulp therapies. In endodontics, Aloe vera-derived acemannan and Ankaferd Blood Stopper((R)) showed outcomes comparable to conventional materials, while pomegranate and apple cider vinegar exhibited partial antibacterial effects as irrigants. Conclusions: Phytotherapy shows promise as a complementary approach in pediatric dentistry, contributing to caries prevention, gingivitis control, and pulp healing. However, current evidence remains limited by small sample sizes, short-term follow-ups, and heterogeneity in formulations. Further trials are required to confirm efficacy, ensure safety, and standardize phytotherapeutic applications in pediatric oral care. FAU - Miclaus, Zorela Elena AU - Miclaus ZE AD - Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania. FAU - Moca, Rahela Tabita AU - Moca RT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5666-9932 AD - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 4 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania. FAU - Matei, Ruxandra-Ilinca AU - Matei RI AD - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 4 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania. FAU - Moca, Abel Emanuel AU - Moca AE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7275-9986 AD - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 4 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania. FAU - Tent, Adriana AU - Tent A AD - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 4 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania. FAU - Porumb, Anca AU - Porumb A AD - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 4 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20251117 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC12651273 OTO - NOTNLM OT - herbal medicine OT - oral health OT - pediatric dentistry OT - phytotherapy COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/11/27 06:28 MHDA- 2025/11/27 06:29 PMCR- 2025/11/17 CRDT- 2025/11/27 01:04 PHST- 2025/10/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/11/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/11/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/27 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/27 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/27 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children12111559 [pii] AID - children-12-01559 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children12111559 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2025 Nov 17;12(11):1559. doi: 10.3390/children12111559. PMID- 41292347 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260314 LR - 20260531 IS - 1545-0813 (Electronic) IS - 1059-924X (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 2 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Assessing the Influence of Agricultural Injuries on the Welfare of Cocoa Farming Households in Ghana. PG - 277-290 LID - 10.1080/1059924X.2025.2594115 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Agriculture must produce more food to meet the needs of a growing global population. However, farm injuries may hinder farmers' abilities to contribute to this goal. Due to the increasing incidence of injuries in the cocoa industry, this study aimed to investigate how farm injuries impact the household welfare of cocoa farmers. METHODS: A multi-stage sampling method was employed to collect data from 400 cocoa farmers. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, including means, percentages, standard deviations, frequencies and a multivariate probit (MVP). FINDINGS: Out of 400 respondents, cocoa farmers stated that an average of 11 people were injured per season, and this led to a loss of about 57 working days. The most common injuries were cuts, waist pains, and insect bites. Results from the MVP analysis showed that farm injuries significantly affected farmers' food security, productivity, and income. CONCLUSION: The research points out that, as much as routine training is necessary, tool design, the implementation of work-rest patterns, and task change should be enhanced to reduce fatigue. Frequent utilization of personal safety gear is encouraged. The findings are significant in terms of policy and practice implications to minimize farm injuries, improve household welfare, and protect the contribution of cocoa farmers to the world food production. FAU - Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame AU - Tham-Agyekum EK AD - Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST),Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Sangber-Dery, Gifty-Maria AU - Sangber-Dery GM AD - Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST),Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Ankuyi, Fred AU - Ankuyi F AD - Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST),Kumasi, Ghana. AD - The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, Kumasi, Ghana. AD - Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. FAU - Andivi Bakang, John-Eudes AU - Andivi Bakang JE AD - Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST),Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Ayeh, Stephen John AU - Ayeh SJ AD - CSIR-Crops Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Nfaaful, Eric AU - Nfaaful E AD - Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251126 PL - England TA - J Agromedicine JT - Journal of agromedicine JID - 9421530 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ghana/epidemiology MH - *Cacao MH - *Farmers/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Agriculture/statistics & numerical data MH - Young Adult MH - Family Characteristics MH - *Occupational Injuries/epidemiology MH - *Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Compliance OT - farm injuries OT - farm tool OT - food insecurity OT - occupational health and safety EDAT- 2025/11/26 06:29 MHDA- 2026/03/14 06:32 CRDT- 2025/11/26 03:23 PHST- 2026/03/14 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/26 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/26 03:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/1059924X.2025.2594115 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Agromedicine. 2026 Apr;31(2):277-290. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2025.2594115. Epub 2025 Nov 26. PMID- 41287683 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251125 LR - 20251127 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 10 DP - 2025 Oct TI - Microbial Diversity and Infection Burden in Central Nervous System (CNS) Shunt and Drain Devices: A Prospective Observational Study. PG - e95294 LID - 10.7759/cureus.95294 [doi] LID - e95294 AB - INTRODUCTION: Device-associated central nervous system infections are a subgroup of healthcare-associated infections that occur when either a temporary or permanent surgically implanted device becomes a source of infection. These devices are used to treat raised intracranial pressure due to hydrocephalus. These surgically implanted devices may become a source of infection due to colonization of microbes or contamination from the hospital environment. To determine the diversity of organisms involved in infection using MALDI-TOF-based identification, to assess the antimicrobial profiles of isolated organisms, and to calculate the rate of infection of these devices in our institution, we conducted this study. METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted over one year at the Departments of Microbiology and Neurosurgery in a tertiary care teaching institute in North India. All patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage devices, such as external ventricular drains (EVDs), ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS), Ommaya reservoirs, and lumbar drains, with clinical suspicion of infection in the form of meningitis, meningoencephalitis, or ventriculitis, were included. CSF samples were cultured on 5% sheep blood agar, chocolate agar, and MacConkey agar. Organisms from positive cultures were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF). Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates after preparing a 0.5 McFarland inoculum. The results were interpreted as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, M100. Device-associated infection (DAI) rates were calculated monthly. RESULTS: A total of 107 patients were included. The majority of enrolled patients were men (male-to-female ratio: 1.97:1). Adults comprised 64.5% followed by infants (22.43%) and children (13.08%). Most patients presented with vomiting (41.12%), headache (40.19%), and altered sensorium. VPS was the most commonly used device (65.4%), followed by EVD (30.14%). Among the 231 CSF samples received, 31 from 17 patients showed microbial growth. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated organism (51.6%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.35%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (9.68%). Device-wise distribution showed that K. pneumoniae was the predominant organism isolated from EVD (42.8%), VPS (55.55%), and Ommaya reservoirs (83.33%). Infections were more common during hot and humid months, with the highest DAI rate in September (14.28%). Of the 107 patients, 83 were discharged, 15 died, and nine were lost to follow-up. Among the 17 patients, whose CSF cultures had shown growth of micro-organisms, 14 were discharged, two died, and one left against medical advice. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights that DAIs are more prevalent with EVDs and are predominantly caused by Gram-negative organisms, with K. pneumoniae being the most frequently isolated. The susceptibility patterns underscore the need for regular antimicrobial surveillance and judicious antibiotic use to prevent the development of drug resistance. The seasonal variation in infection rates highlights the importance of stricter infection control measures during the high-risk months in hot and humid environments. Thus, early diagnosis, rational antibiotic use, and stringent infection control practices are essential for improving patient outcomes in neurosurgical settings. CI - Copyright (c) 2025, Agarwal et al. FAU - Agarwal, Sheetal AU - Agarwal S AD - Department of Microbiology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki, IND. FAU - Gupta, Prashant AU - Gupta P AD - Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND. FAU - Venkatesh, Vimala AU - Venkatesh V AD - Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND. FAU - Srivastava, Chhitij AU - Srivastava C AD - Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251024 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC12640532 OTO - NOTNLM OT - central nervous system (cns) OT - device-associated infection (dai) OT - external ventricular drain (evd) OT - ommaya reservoir OT - ventriculoperitoneal (vps) COIS- Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Ethics Committee of King George's Medical University issued approval 97th ECMI II B-Thesis/P74. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. EDAT- 2025/11/25 12:21 MHDA- 2025/11/25 12:22 PMCR- 2025/10/24 CRDT- 2025/11/25 04:43 PHST- 2025/10/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/25 12:22 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/25 12:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/25 04:43 [entrez] PHST- 2025/10/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.95294 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2025 Oct 24;17(10):e95294. doi: 10.7759/cureus.95294. eCollection 2025 Oct. PMID- 41276483 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260306 LR - 20260306 IS - 1476-5381 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1188 (Linking) VI - 183 IP - 7 DP - 2026 Apr TI - Sex-specific impact of repeated adolescent vapour exposure to JWH-018 on dopamine response, behaviour and pharmacokinetics across adolescence and adulthood. PG - 1517-1538 LID - 10.1111/bph.70223 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Alarming trends show that vaping e-cigarettes containing synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists, such as JWH-018, is increasing among youth. However, the effects of these trends are unclear in both sexes. We therefore characterized the neuropharmacological effects of adolescent JWH-018 inhalation in male and female rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Adolescent rats inhaled passively JWH-018 vapour (0.3 or 0.6 mg.ml(-1) qd) for 21 days. During vapour exposure, JWH-018 and main metabolite plasma levels, body weight, locomotion and ultrasonic vocalizations were measured at different time points. During drug-free period, behavioural (withdrawal signs, anxiety and repetitive-like behaviour) and microdialysis (NAc shell/mPFC dopamine responsiveness to intraoral chocolate, taste reactivity) studies were performed 24 h and 7 days after last JWH-018 inhalation, respectively. KEY RESULTS: Repeated adolescent JWH-018 inhalation induced sex-dependent effects with (i) higher plasma levels in males; (ii) increased body weight gain and withdrawal signs in females; (iii) transient hypolocomotion in females and dose-dependent biphasic locomotion in males; (iv) higher taste aversion in male; (v) sex- and dose-dependent adaptive changes of NAc shell and mPFC dopamine to single/repeated chocolate exposure in early adulthood, as follows: in the NAc shell, either low or high dose decreased dopamine sensitivity to chocolate in males, low dose abolished habituation whereas high dose blunted dopamine responsiveness in females; in the mPFC, the low dose blunted responsiveness in male and induced habituation in females while the high dose induced habituation only in males. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Using highly translational models, we showed that the impact of adolescent JWH-018 inhalation differs between sexes. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). British Journal of Pharmacology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Pharmacological Society. FAU - Pintori, Nicholas AU - Pintori N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3247-1870 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy. FAU - Manis, Cristina AU - Manis C AD - Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy. FAU - Spano, Enrica AU - Spano E AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy. FAU - Simola, Nicola AU - Simola N AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy. FAU - Ieraci, Alessandro AU - Ieraci A AD - Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy. FAU - Caboni, Pierluigi AU - Caboni P AD - Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy. FAU - Di Chiara, Gaetano AU - Di Chiara G AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy. AD - Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy, Cagliari, Italy. FAU - De Luca, Maria Antonietta AU - De Luca MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2647-4859 AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy. LA - eng GR - P20229TKXR/'Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale (PRIN-PNRR) 2022', project: 'DECODE-018-Dissecting the enduring changes in the prefrontal cortex induced by exposure to the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 during adolescence: multidisciplinary characterization of the behavioral, neurochemical, and molecular outcomes at adulthood in rats and mutant mice'/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251123 PL - England TA - Br J Pharmacol JT - British journal of pharmacology JID - 7502536 RN - 0 (Naphthalenes) RN - VTD58H1Z2X (Dopamine) RN - G391998J57 (1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole) RN - 0 (Indoles) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Naphthalenes/pharmacokinetics/administration & dosage/pharmacology/blood MH - *Dopamine/metabolism MH - *Indoles/pharmacokinetics/administration & dosage/pharmacology/blood MH - Rats MH - *Behavior, Animal/drug effects MH - *Vaping/adverse effects MH - Sex Characteristics MH - Administration, Inhalation MH - Rats, Sprague-Dawley MH - Sex Factors MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug OTO - NOTNLM OT - cannabinoids OT - chocolate OT - e-cigarette OT - microdialysis OT - sex differences EDAT- 2025/11/24 00:49 MHDA- 2026/03/06 19:43 CRDT- 2025/11/23 22:52 PHST- 2025/08/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/06 19:43 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/24 00:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/23 22:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/bph.70223 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Pharmacol. 2026 Apr;183(7):1517-1538. doi: 10.1111/bph.70223. Epub 2025 Nov 23. PMID- 41245024 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251117 LR - 20260925 IS - 2691-171X (Electronic) IS - 2691-171X (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Nov TI - Laxative-induced contact burns from accidental ingestion of senna in a 2-year-old female. PG - 434-436 LID - 10.1002/jpr3.70087 [doi] AB - Senna (sennosides) is a natural stimulant laxative containing anthraquinone glycosides, commonly used to treat constipation. We present the case of a healthy 2-year-old female (~12.5 kg) who is not yet toilet-trained and accidentally ingested a single 15 mg chocolate-flavored sennoside chew (1.2 mg/kg). This led to sharply demarcated erythema, pain, and blisters in her diaper area. In the emergency department, the blisters were treated by unroofing, topical mupirocin application, a petrolatum dressing, and a 5-day course of oral cephalexin. The burn injury healed without complications at a follow-up visit. This case highlights the risk of senna-induced burns in diapered toddlers, as prolonged stool-skin contact can cause blistering that mimics abusive injury. Inquiries about sennoside use should be made when perineal burns are observed in pre-continent children to prevent misdiagnosis of child abuse. Preventive measures, including caregiver education, child-resistant packaging, and safe medication storage, are essential. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). JPGN Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. FAU - Olorunsogo, Tolulope AU - Olorunsogo T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3688-7286 AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Nebraska Medical Center, Children's Nebraska Omaha Nebraska USA. FAU - Oarhe, Christian O AU - Oarhe CO AD - Pediatric Emergency University of Nebraska Medical Center, Children's Nebraska Omaha Nebraska USA. FAU - Miri, Ahmad R AU - Miri AR AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Nebraska Medical Center, Children's Nebraska Omaha Nebraska USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250928 PL - United States TA - JPGN Rep JT - JPGN reports JID - 101773885 PMC - PMC12611591 OTO - NOTNLM OT - blisters OT - case report OT - pediatric OT - preventive measures OT - sennosides COIS- Drs. Tolulope Olorunsogo and Ahmad R. Miri are current members of NASPGHAN and are in good standing. The remaining author declares no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/11/17 17:29 MHDA- 2025/11/17 17:30 PMCR- 2025/09/28 CRDT- 2025/11/17 06:14 PHST- 2025/04/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/17 17:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/17 17:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/17 06:14 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JPR370087 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jpr3.70087 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JPGN Rep. 2025 Sep 28;6(4):434-436. doi: 10.1002/jpr3.70087. eCollection 2025 Nov. PMID- 41240968 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251205 LR - 20260630 IS - 2213-4808 (Electronic) IS - 2213-4794 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 6-8 DP - 2025 Nov 13 TI - How Scratch-and-Sniff Books Encode Smell Across Development. PG - 543-585 LID - 10.1163/22134808-bja10176 [doi] AB - Scratch-and-sniff books combine olfactory cues with textual and visual narratives thus offering multisensory reading experiences. Despite their popularity since their emergence in the 1970s, these books have received little scholarly attention, particularly regarding their cognitive and developmental relevance. This paper presents a mixed-methods analysis of 334 scratch-and-sniff books, investigating how smell content varies by target age, conceptual complexity, and linguistic framing. Quantitative analyses reveal systematic differences in smell types, labelling strategies, and descriptive complexity depending on target readership age. Books targeted at younger readers tend to feature simple, explicitly labelled smells (e.g., "apple", "chocolate"), while those books targeting an older audience rely more on implicit references, humour, and/or socially transgressive smells (e.g., "fart", "smelly feet"). Qualitative readings show how olfactory cues are embedded in broader narrative structures that support inferencing, emotional resonance, and social norm acquisition. We argue that scratch-and-sniff books may be designed to use smell not only with the intention to entertain, but also to prompt crossmodal mapping, encourage inferential reasoning, and scaffold early engagements with sensory and social meaning. These findings indicate that scratch-and-sniff books systematically adapt their olfactory content and linguistic framing to developmental stages, suggesting that smell may serve not only to entertain, but also to scaffold emerging sensory, cognitive, and social capacities in early reading. FAU - Brooks, Jas AU - Brooks J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6142-0346 AD - Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, 2167Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 50 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. FAU - Kucirkova, Natalia AU - Kucirkova N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2805-1745 AD - The Norwegian Centre for Learning Environment, 56627University of Stavanger, Stavanger 4320, Norway. AD - The Open University, Walton Hall, Kents Hill, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK. FAU - Spence, Charles AU - Spence C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2111-072X AD - Crossmodal Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Psychology, Life and Mind Building, 6396University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20251113 PL - Netherlands TA - Multisens Res JT - Multisensory research JID - 101604290 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Reading MH - *Books MH - *Smell/physiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Olfactory Perception/physiology MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Cues MH - Child, Preschool EDAT- 2025/11/16 00:27 MHDA- 2025/12/06 00:32 CRDT- 2025/11/15 18:52 PHST- 2025/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/06 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/16 00:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/15 18:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1163/22134808-bja10176 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Multisens Res. 2025 Nov 13;38(6-8):543-585. doi: 10.1163/22134808-bja10176. PMID- 41225351 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260626 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Nov 12 TI - Nasal colonization by potentially pathogenic bacteria, their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and risk factors for colonization among cancer patients at Dessie comprehensive specialized hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. PG - 1560 LID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11825-2 [doi] LID - 1560 AB - BACKGROUND: Nasal colonisation by bacteria occurs more frequently in immunocompromised patients than in healthy individuals. These colonizing bacteria can potentially lead to infections in cancer patients, especially as these patients tend to be immunocompromised. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of nasal bacterial colonization, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and risk factors for colonization among cancer patients at the Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia. METHOD: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted, from March 01 to June 30 2024. Socio-demographic and other data were collected using structured questionnaires and reviewing patient cards. Each nasal swab sample was cultivated on blood agar, chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and mannitol salt agar, at 37 degrees C. Bacterial species were identified using gram stain, colony morphology, and standard biochemical tests. Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method was performed using Mueller Hinton agar to test for antimicrobial sensitivity. Data were collected, cleaned, entered into Epi-data 3.1, and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics were presented with tables and figures, while logistic regression identified significant associations using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Nasal carriage rate of bacterial isolates were, 112/260, 43.1% (95% confidence interval 37.7%-49.2%). Out of the total nasal isolates, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacterial species (24.1%), followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci (21.4%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (14.3%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.7%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 45.5% of isolates, with Klebsiella ozaenae and Acinetobacter species showing particularly high resistance rates. Notably, K. ozaenae exhibited complete resistance to all tested drugs, while Acinetobacter species demonstrated an 80% MDR rate. A history of hospital admission, smoking, nose and hand washing habits were significantly associated risk factors for the carriage rate. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Nasal bacterial colonization in cancer patients may result in significant health issues. The antimicrobial resistance patterns were relatively high, which may reflect the participant's hospitalization. Regular health education among those patients are recommended to potentially tackle nasal bacterial carriage. FAU - Ahmed, Nuru AU - Ahmed N AD - Ataye Primary Hospital, Ataye, Ethiopia. FAU - Metaferia, Yeshi AU - Metaferia Y AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Willcox, Mark AU - Willcox M AD - School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Kahsay, Tadesse Gebregziabher AU - Kahsay TG AD - School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Reda, Berhanu Kebede AU - Reda BK AD - College of Medicine and Health Science, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia. FAU - Belete, Melaku Ashagrie AU - Belete MA AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Eshetu, Kirubel AU - Eshetu K AD - Mindray Regional Invitro Diagnostic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Tizazu, Anteneh Mehari AU - Tizazu AM AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Demissew, Assalif AU - Demissew A AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia. FAU - Weldehanna, Daniel Gebretsadik AU - Weldehanna DG AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia. gebretsadikd@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251112 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - Risk Factors MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification/classification MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - *Neoplasms/microbiology/complications MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - *Carrier State/microbiology/epidemiology MH - Hospitals, Special MH - Drug Resistance, Bacterial MH - Prevalence MH - *Bacterial Infections/epidemiology/microbiology MH - *Nose/microbiology PMC - PMC12613482 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antimicrobial susceptibility OT - Bacterial colonization OT - Cancer OT - DCSH OT - Dessie OT - Ethiopia COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Proposal ethical approval (CMHS/384/20/16) was obtained from the Research and Ethics Review Committee of College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University. A written permission letter was obtained from DCSH. Additionally, after explaining the importance, purpose and, procedure of the study briefly, a written informed consent was obtained from each study participant. Participants were fully informed about the nature of the research and their rights, and they provided written consent before participating. A positive result was communicated to the physician/doctors. The confidentiality of all study participants was maintained by using a secret code for each. Generally, this study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/11/13 00:32 MHDA- 2026/06/27 00:52 PMCR- 2025/11/12 CRDT- 2025/11/12 23:54 PHST- 2025/03/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:52 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/13 00:32 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/12 23:54 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11825-2 [pii] AID - 11825 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11825-2 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Nov 12;25(1):1560. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11825-2. PMID- 41203669 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251107 LR - 20251110 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Nov 7 TI - Effects of multisensory packaging on taste perception, emotional responses, and willingness to pay for chocolate. PG - 39085 LID - 10.1038/s41598-025-24077-6 [doi] LID - 39085 AB - Product packaging serves as a powerful multisensory cue that shapes consumer expectations, emotional responses, and purchasing behavior-often before the product is even consumed. This study investigated how color, texture, scent, and unboxing interaction jointly influence the perceived quality, taste experience, emotional engagement, and economic valuation of a chocolate product. Thirty-six participants were assigned to one of six groups defined by between-subjects factors (scent: present vs. absent; texture: smooth, raised dots, embossed pattern) and evaluated six boxes that varied within-subjects in color (white, purple) and unboxing interaction (lift-off, snail-fold, slide-and-tilt). Each box contained the same chocolate, and participants completed questionnaires on sensory perception, product-package congruency, emotional response, and willingness to pay. Results revealed that unboxing interaction significantly shaped perceived attractiveness and semantic impressions, with more complex openings rated more positively. Texture and scent jointly influenced perceived flavor intensity, taste persistence, and emotional valence. Scent enhanced perceived luxury and purchase intention but reduced overall liking, smoothness, and willingness to taste again, potentially due to hedonic overload, in which the added chocolate scent increased sensory stimulation beyond an optimal level. Color-texture combinations further modulated emotional responses and congruency judgments. While these findings underscore the importance of multisensory coherence in packaging, interpretation is limited by the small sample, reliance on self-report measures, and the absence of physiological indices. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Xiao, Shuangshuang AU - Xiao S AD - Experience Design, Bentley University, Waltham, 02452, USA. FAU - Yu, LiYang AU - Yu L AD - Experience Design, Bentley University, Waltham, 02452, USA. FAU - Meng, Yuwen AU - Meng Y AD - Experience Design, Bentley University, Waltham, 02452, USA. FAU - Raisamo, Roope AU - Raisamo R AD - TAUCHI Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, 33100, Finland. FAU - Ziat, Mounia AU - Ziat M AD - Experience Design, Bentley University, Waltham, 02452, USA. mounia.ziat@tuni.fi. AD - TAUCHI Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, 33100, Finland. mounia.ziat@tuni.fi. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251107 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Chocolate/economics MH - *Emotions/physiology MH - *Taste Perception/physiology MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - *Taste MH - *Food Packaging MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Food Preferences/psychology MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC12595072 COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/11/08 00:28 MHDA- 2025/11/08 00:29 PMCR- 2025/11/07 CRDT- 2025/11/07 23:18 PHST- 2025/06/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/08 00:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/08 00:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/07 23:18 [entrez] PHST- 2025/11/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-025-24077-6 [pii] AID - 24077 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-025-24077-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2025 Nov 7;15(1):39085. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-24077-6. PMID- 41184548 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251211 LR - 20261010 IS - 1573-904X (Electronic) IS - 0724-8741 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 11 DP - 2025 Nov TI - Pharmaceutical 3D Printing for Psychiatric Medications: Advanced Innovations in Taste Masking and Personalized Oral Drug Delivery. PG - 1953-1979 LID - 10.1007/s11095-025-03972-7 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This review aims to examine the impact of three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies on enhancing psychiatric pharmacotherapy through facilitating personalized and patient-centered drug delivery. This research specifically addresses problems such as poor medication compliance, polypharmacy, and palatability issues, especially in pediatric and elderly populations. METHODS: A thorough review of the literature was conducted, focusing on novel advances in 3D printing techniques, including fused deposition modeling (FDM), semisolid extrusion (SSE), stereolithography, inkjet printing, binder jetting, and selective laser sintering (SLS). Selected research highlighted the application of such technologies in developing customized oral drug dosage forms. Emphasis was placed on the exploitation of polymers like Eudragit(R) E PO, flavor-masking excipients, and their combination with biosensor and artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Case studies were assessed to ascertain their relevance and innovation in the development of psychiatric medications. RESULTS: 3D printing allows the manufacture of tailored psychiatric drugs with greater dosing versatility, taste masking, and the ability to merge several active drug ingredients into a single pharmaceutical form. Patient-friendly dosage forms such as chew gummies and chocolate tablets demonstrated enhanced acceptability. Also, forthcoming technologies such as 4D printing and AI-driven biosensors yield intelligent, interactive drug release systems that are specific to individual physiological or behavioral inputs. CONCLUSIONS: 3D printing represents a paradigm-shifting advance in psychiatric care, offering solutions to long-standing treatment compliance and fixed-dose challenges. Although regulatory and scalability challenges persist, the intersection of pharmaceutical engineering, material science, and artificial intelligence creates an encouraging platform for the future of precision mental care therapies. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - H S, Praveen AU - H S P AD - Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka, India, 571448. FAU - G B, Kiran Kumar AU - G B KK AD - Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka, India, 571448. FAU - Naik, Prasiddhi AU - Naik P AD - Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka, India, 571448. FAU - Goudanavar, Prakash AU - Goudanavar P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2511-8828 AD - Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka, India, 571448. pgoudanavar01@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20251104 PL - United States TA - Pharm Res JT - Pharmaceutical research JID - 8406521 RN - 0 (Psychotropic Drugs) RN - 0 (Excipients) SB - IM MH - *Printing, Three-Dimensional MH - Humans MH - Administration, Oral MH - *Drug Delivery Systems/methods MH - Taste MH - Precision Medicine/methods MH - *Psychotropic Drugs/administration & dosage/chemistry MH - Technology, Pharmaceutical/methods MH - Excipients/chemistry MH - Drug Compounding/methods MH - *Mental Disorders/drug therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - 4D printing OT - adherence OT - fused deposition modeling (FDM) OT - geriatric psychiatry OT - palatability OT - patient compliance OT - pediatric psychiatry OT - personalized drug delivery OT - pharmaceutical 3D printing OT - psychiatric medications OT - semisolid extrusion (SSE) OT - smart polymers OT - taste masking COIS- Declarations. Ethical Approval: This article is a review based on previously published literature and does not involve any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Therefore, ethical approval was not required. Competing interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this work. EDAT- 2025/11/04 00:28 MHDA- 2025/12/11 13:05 CRDT- 2025/11/03 23:41 PHST- 2025/07/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/11 13:05 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/04 00:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/11/03 23:41 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11095-025-03972-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11095-025-03972-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pharm Res. 2025 Nov;42(11):1953-1979. doi: 10.1007/s11095-025-03972-7. Epub 2025 Nov 4. PMID- 41173369 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260110 LR - 20260622 IS - 1541-6100 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3166 (Print) IS - 0022-3166 (Linking) VI - 156 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan TI - Reproducibility and Sources of Variation of Urinary Biomarkers of Food Intake of Fruits, Vegetables, and Chocolate in European Children and Adolescents. PG - 101226 LID - S0022-3166(25)00687-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.10.039 [doi] LID - 101226 AB - BACKGROUND: Biomarkers of food intake may improve dietary assessment. Thereby, a key concern is their reproducibility over time. In epidemiological studies, it is important to accurately estimate habitual food intake and consequent disease risk associations. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the reproducibility of 12 urinary metabolites linked to food intake and to investigate potential sources of their variation. METHODS: The analyses are based on previously identified urinary metabolites associated with dietary intake of fruits, vegetables, and chocolate in the large-scale European Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants/I.Family study. Metabolites were measured in 1788 urine samples from 599 children at study baseline (2007/2008, n = 597), at the first follow-up (2009/2010, n = 596), and at the third follow-up (2013/2014, n = 595) using high-resolution liquid chromatography-MS. Unadjusted and adjusted intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated for 2- and 4-y intervals. To identify sources of biomarker variability, various factors, including dietary intake, were analyzed. The amount of variance explained by each factor was quantified using the partial coefficient of determination (R(2)). RESULTS: The median ICCs were 0.27 (range: 0.11-0.54) and 0.28 (range: 0.15-0.51) over 2- and 4-y intervals, respectively. Individual factors explained a median of 17% (range: 9.8-42.4) of the variance for the 2-y interval and 14.6% (range: 8.3-43.8) for the 4-y interval. Country of residence explained the largest proportion of variance (median: 5% for the 2-y interval, 4.5% for the 4-y interval). Dietary intake explained only a variation of 0.7% (0.0-1.5) and 0.6% (0.0-1.1) for the 2- and 4-y interval, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The reproducibility of urinary metabolites was poor to moderate over the 2- to 4-y periods, and only part of the variability could be explained by the studied factors. Future studies should explore shorter time intervals and other sources of variation, e.g., the influence of the gut microbiome and genetic factors. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Goerdten, Jantje AU - Goerdten J AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. Electronic address: goerdten@leibniz-bips.de. FAU - Rattner, Jodi AU - Rattner J AD - Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France. FAU - Merdas, Mira AU - Merdas M AD - Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France. FAU - Achaintre, David AU - Achaintre D AD - Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France; Department of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; The Institute for Exposomics Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Yuan, Li AU - Yuan L AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Russo, Paola AU - Russo P AD - Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy. FAU - Veidebaum, Toomas AU - Veidebaum T AD - National Institute for Health Development, Estonian Centre of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia. FAU - Molnar, Denes AU - Molnar D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Lissner, Lauren AU - Lissner L AD - School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - De Henauw, Stefaan AU - De Henauw S AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Moreno, Luis A AU - Moreno LA AD - GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2) and Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain; Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Aleksandrova, Krasimira AU - Aleksandrova K AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Foraita, Ronja AU - Foraita R AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Nothlings, Ute AU - Nothlings U AD - Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Keski-Rahkonen, Pekka AU - Keski-Rahkonen P AD - Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France. FAU - Floegel, Anna AU - Floegel A AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Section of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Hochschule Neubrandenburg - University of Applied Sciences, Neubrandenburg, Germany. CN - IDEFICS/I.Family Consortia LA - eng GR - 001/WHO_/World Health Organization/International PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20251029 PL - United States TA - J Nutr JT - The Journal of nutrition JID - 0404243 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Biomarkers/urine MH - Child MH - *Vegetables MH - *Fruit MH - Male MH - Female MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Adolescent MH - *Chocolate MH - *Diet MH - Europe MH - Eating MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC12881672 OTO - NOTNLM OT - biomarkers of food intake OT - metabolites OT - metabolomics OT - reproducibility OT - urine OT - variability COIS- Conflict of interest AF reports financial support by German Research Foundation. PK-R reports financial support by French National Research Agency. Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/WHO, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article, and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy, or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer /WHO. All other authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. FIR - Goerdten, Jantje IR - Goerdten J FIR - Yuan, Li IR - Yuan L FIR - Russo, Paola IR - Russo P FIR - Veidebaum, Toomas IR - Veidebaum T FIR - Molnar, Denes IR - Molnar D FIR - Lissner, Lauren IR - Lissner L FIR - De Henauw, Stefaan IR - De Henauw S FIR - Moreno, Luis A IR - Moreno LA FIR - Aleksandrova, Krasimira IR - Aleksandrova K FIR - Foraita, Ronja IR - Foraita R FIR - Floegel, Anna IR - Floegel A EDAT- 2025/11/01 05:37 MHDA- 2026/01/11 00:34 PMCR- 2025/10/29 CRDT- 2025/10/31 20:19 PHST- 2025/08/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/11 00:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/11/01 05:37 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/31 20:19 [entrez] PHST- 2025/10/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0022-3166(25)00687-X [pii] AID - 101226 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.10.039 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr. 2026 Jan;156(1):101226. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.10.039. Epub 2025 Oct 29. PMID- 41130434 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251113 LR - 20260711 IS - 1873-507X (Electronic) IS - 0031-9384 (Linking) VI - 303 DP - 2026 Jan 1 TI - Boredom, interoceptive ability, and emotional eating: An experimental study. PG - 115137 LID - S0031-9384(25)00338-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115137 [doi] AB - Growing evidence underscores the importance of examining specific emotions to better understand emotional eating. Boredom is one such underexplored emotion, and little is known about individual differences that may increase vulnerability to "bored eating." Given the relevance of interoception-awareness of internal bodily signals-to other forms of dysregulated eating, the current study investigated whether interoceptive ability moderates the relationship between boredom and food consumption. In a controlled laboratory experiment, 187 participants consumed a water preload and were randomly assigned to a 30-minute boredom or neutral condition. Snack foods (chocolate, crackers, chips) were available ad libitum, and consumption was covertly measured. Interoception was assessed via general interoceptive sensibility, hunger/satiety-specific sensibility, and gastric interoceptive sensitivity using the two-step Water Load Test. Analyses of covariance tested main and interaction effects of condition and interoceptive measures on food consumption. Contrary to hypotheses, neither boredom nor any interoceptive measure predicted total or food-type-specific consumption. Additionally, interoception did not moderate the relationship between boredom and eating. These findings contribute to a growing body of research questioning the predictive validity of self-reported emotional eating and highlight the importance of distinguishing between self-reported tendencies and observable behavior. Future research using ecologically valid, longitudinal methods may help clarify when and for whom boredom contributes to dysregulated eating and whether physiological awareness influences this pathway. CI - Copyright (c) 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Ahlich, Erica AU - Ahlich E AD - Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, UCOM 1000, 75 South University Blvd., Mobile, AL 36688, USA. Electronic address: eahlich@southalabama.edu. FAU - Poovey, Kendall AU - Poovey K AD - University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. Electronic address: knpoovey@usf.edu. FAU - Cunning, Allison AU - Cunning A AD - University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. Electronic address: allisoncunning@usf.edu. FAU - Boyajian, Laura AU - Boyajian L AD - University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. Electronic address: boyajianl@usf.edu. FAU - Rancourt, Diana AU - Rancourt D AD - University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. Electronic address: drancourt@usf.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251021 PL - United States TA - Physiol Behav JT - Physiology & behavior JID - 0151504 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Interoception/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - *Emotions/physiology MH - *Eating/psychology/physiology MH - *Boredom MH - Adult MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology/physiology MH - Adolescent MH - Emotional Eating OTO - NOTNLM OT - Affect OT - Boredom OT - Eating behavior OT - Emotional eating OT - Experimental design OT - Interoception COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this research. EDAT- 2025/10/24 00:26 MHDA- 2025/11/13 18:30 CRDT- 2025/10/23 19:35 PHST- 2025/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/13 18:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/24 00:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/23 19:35 [entrez] AID - S0031-9384(25)00338-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115137 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Physiol Behav. 2026 Jan 1;303:115137. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115137. Epub 2025 Oct 21. PMID- 41104825 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251017 LR - 20260925 IS - 1399-3038 (Electronic) IS - 0905-6157 (Print) IS - 0905-6157 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 10 DP - 2025 Oct TI - Machine learning-based early prediction of asthma in preschoolers: The COCOA birth cohort study. PG - e70223 LID - 10.1111/pai.70223 [doi] LID - e70223 AB - BACKGROUND: Early prediction of asthma in preschoolers, which is crucial for timely intervention, remains challenging. This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML)-based model and a questionnaire-based scoring tool for the prediction of asthma at age 3 years. METHODS: Data from the COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases (COCOA), a comprehensive prospective birth cohort in South Korea, was used. Children with complete 3-year follow-up (n = 2007) were divided into development (n = 1472) and validation (n = 535) cohorts based on birth year. Asthma diagnosis at age 3 years was based on physician diagnosis, recurrent wheezing episodes, asthma treatment, or parental reports. Random Forest-based predictive models were developed using data collected until the age of 2 years, initially selecting features via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. A questionnaire-based scoring tool was also developed and compared with multiple ML algorithms. RESULTS: The ML-based prediction models showed improved performance as the data accumulated. The 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year models had area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) values of 0.614, 0.726, and 0.774, respectively, in the validation cohort. The performance of the questionnaire-based scoring tool (AUROC, 0.790) was comparable to that of the ML-based model. Important predictors included paternal total IgE levels, maternal iron supplementation during pregnancy, parental asthma history, nut allergy history, and recent lower respiratory infections. CONCLUSIONS: Our study successfully developed robust predictive models for early asthma that demonstrated high performance. The questionnaire-based scoring tool offers particular value because of its clinical applicability. Further validation in diverse populations and investigation of the causative pathways of the identified predictors are necessary to enhance clinical utility. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). Pediatric Allergy and Immunology published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Han, Chang Hoon AU - Han CH AD - Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. AD - Yonsei Institute for Digital Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Heo, Seok-Jae AU - Heo SJ AD - Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Jang, Haerin AU - Jang H AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Yonsei Institute for Digital Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. AD - PHI Digital Healthcare, Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Park, Ji Soo AU - Park JS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7817-8728 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3227-5511 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Jihyun AU - Kim J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0618-3947 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Sohn, Myung Hyun AU - Sohn MH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2478-487X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Choi, Sun Hee AU - Choi SH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Baek, Hey-Sung AU - Baek HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0297-9446 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1409-2113 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5634-9709 AD - Yonsei Institute for Digital Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Jung, Inkyung AU - Jung I AD - Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Soo Yeon AU - Kim SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4965-6193 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. LA - eng GR - Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)/ GR - Korea National Institute of Health/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Pediatr Allergy Immunol JT - Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology JID - 9106718 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Asthma/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - *Machine Learning MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Male MH - Birth Cohort MH - Prospective Studies MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Infant MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Cohort Studies PMC - PMC12533341 OTO - NOTNLM OT - asthma OT - birth cohort OT - child OT - machine learning OT - preschool COIS- The authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests. EDAT- 2025/10/17 12:31 MHDA- 2025/10/17 12:32 PMCR- 2025/10/17 CRDT- 2025/10/17 08:24 PHST- 2025/09/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/08/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/17 12:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/17 12:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/17 08:24 [entrez] PHST- 2025/10/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PAI70223 [pii] AID - 10.1111/pai.70223 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2025 Oct;36(10):e70223. doi: 10.1111/pai.70223. PMID- 41101683 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251205 LR - 20251205 IS - 1873-6351 (Electronic) IS - 0278-6915 (Linking) VI - 207 DP - 2026 Jan TI - Dark chocolate, heavy metals, and neurodevelopment in children. PG - 115799 LID - S0278-6915(25)00567-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115799 [doi] AB - Dark chocolate has been elevated to 'superfood' status, celebrated for its antioxidants and purported cardiovascular benefits. Yet, largely absent from pediatric discourse is a critical fact: many commercially available dark chocolates contain measurable levels of lead and cadmium-often higher than those found in milk or white chocolate. This contamination poses a heightened risk for Black and Hispanic children, who may be disproportionately affected compared to their non-Black, non-Hispanic peers. The American Heart Association (AHA), in its scientific statement, highlights that lead and cadmium exposures are disproportionately higher in communities of color and those with lower socioeconomic status, due to environmental injustice and increased exposure to sources such as contaminated water, industrial emissions, and tobacco smoke. In this short communication, an argument is laid out for improving explicit food safety labeling around dark chocolates given their neurotoxic effects in children, and specifically in children of color. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Avasarala, Jagannadha AU - Avasarala J AD - University of Kentucky Medical Center and Kentucky Neuroscience Institute, 740 S Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA. Electronic address: javasarala@uky.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20251014 PL - England TA - Food Chem Toxicol JT - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association JID - 8207483 RN - 0 (Metals, Heavy) RN - 2P299V784P (Lead) RN - 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - Child MH - *Food Contamination/analysis MH - *Metals, Heavy/toxicity/analysis MH - Lead/analysis/toxicity MH - Cadmium/analysis/toxicity COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/10/17 00:31 MHDA- 2025/12/06 00:32 CRDT- 2025/10/16 19:34 PHST- 2025/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/12/06 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/17 00:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/16 19:34 [entrez] AID - S0278-6915(25)00567-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115799 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Chem Toxicol. 2026 Jan;207:115799. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115799. Epub 2025 Oct 14. PMID- 41085243 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251014 LR - 20251014 IS - 1399-3038 (Electronic) IS - 0905-6157 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 10 DP - 2025 Oct TI - Dibutyl phthalate induces atopic dermatitis via semaphorin-plexin signaling and IL-5: ECHO-COCOA study. PG - e70224 LID - 10.1111/pai.70224 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported an association between phthalate exposure and an increased risk of atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon in children remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we investigated the effect of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on AD development from a birth cohort and explored the potential mechanisms using multi-omics. METHODS: Urinary concentrations of mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) and mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) metabolites were measured in 222 children aged 7 years from the Exposome and Child Health with Omics-Cohort for Childhood of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (ECHO-COCOA) study. Physician diagnosed AD in these participants. Luminex multiplex assay, proteome, and transcriptome were performed on blood samples. The production of interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-10 was analyzed after MnBP exposure in human keratinocytes and macrophage. RESULTS: Higher MnBP and MiBP levels increased the risk of AD development. These phthalates were positively correlated with eosinophils and IL-5. In total, 24 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and IL-5 were associated with MnBP and the development of AD. DEPs were predominantly enriched in the semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway. Plexin B1 was negatively correlated with IL-10 and interferon gamma and positively correlated with egg white specific immunoglobulin E. Moreover, mediation analysis indicated that IL-5 had a significantly positive mediation effect on the association between MnBP and eosinophils. The IL-5-mediated signaling pathway was enriched in the blood transcriptome. IL-10 was decreased and IL-5 was increased in a dose-dependent manner after MnBP exposure from THP-1 and HaCaT cells. CONCLUSION: Exposure to DBP affects childhood AD via semaphorin-plexin signaling and IL-5. CI - (c) 2025 European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Kang, Mi-Jin AU - Kang MJ AD - Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Yeom, Jeonghun AU - Yeom J AD - Prometabio Research Institute, Prometabio Co., Ltd, Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. FAU - Park, Yong Joo AU - Park YJ AD - College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea. FAU - Song, Ah-Yoon AU - Song AY AD - College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea. FAU - Im, Hosub AU - Im H AD - Institute for Life & Environmental Technology, Smartive Corporation, Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. FAU - Kim, Yanghee AU - Kim Y AD - Institute for Life & Environmental Technology, Smartive Corporation, Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. FAU - Kim, Jeong-Hyun AU - Kim JH AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Yoo, Hyun Ju AU - Yoo HJ AD - Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Seong, Hoon Je AU - Seong HJ AD - Department of Biological Science, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Korea. FAU - Lee, Seung-Hwa AU - Lee SH AD - Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyo-Bin AU - Kim HB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1928-722X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea. FAU - Yang, Song-I AU - Yang SI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2499-0702 AD - PHI Digital Healthcare, Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0618-3947 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Environmental Health Center for Atopic Disease, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5634-9709 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3227-5511 AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea. FAU - In Suh, Dong AU - In Suh D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7817-8728 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1409-2113 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. LA - eng GR - Korea Ministry of Environment/ GR - Korea National Institute of Health/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Pediatr Allergy Immunol JT - Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology JID - 9106718 RN - 0 (Interleukin-5) RN - 2286E5R2KE (Dibutyl Phthalate) RN - 0 (Semaphorins) RN - 0 (IL5 protein, human) RN - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins) RN - 0 (Phthalic Acids) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dermatitis, Atopic/chemically induced/immunology MH - *Interleukin-5/metabolism MH - Child MH - *Dibutyl Phthalate/urine/adverse effects MH - Male MH - Signal Transduction/drug effects MH - Female MH - *Semaphorins/metabolism MH - *Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism MH - Phthalic Acids/urine MH - Keratinocytes MH - Macrophages/immunology MH - Cohort Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - IL-5 OT - atopic dermatitis OT - dibutyl phthalate OT - semaphorin-plexin signaling EDAT- 2025/10/14 12:30 MHDA- 2025/10/14 12:31 CRDT- 2025/10/14 08:54 PHST- 2025/09/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/10/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/14 12:31 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/14 12:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/14 08:54 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/pai.70224 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2025 Oct;36(10):e70224. doi: 10.1111/pai.70224. PMID- 41044832 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20251004 LR - 20251012 IS - 2092-7355 (Print) IS - 2092-7363 (Electronic) IS - 2092-7355 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 5 DP - 2025 Sep TI - Distinct Clinical and Cytokine Features of Moderate-Severe Persistent AR Phenotype by ARIA Classification: COCOA. PG - 563-577 LID - 10.4168/aair.2025.17.5.563 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has increased rapidly. However, the AR phenotype in the general population remains poorly explored. In this study, we aimed to determine the distinct features of AR phenotypes according to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) classification in Korean children. METHODS: We enrolled 1,113 children aged 7 years from the COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases (COCOA) study. AR was diagnosed by a physician at each scheduled visit, and the AR phenotype was defined according to the ARIA classification. We analyzed the results of skin prick tests and performed cytokine assays using blood samples collected at ages 3 and 7. RESULTS: The prevalence of AR at age 7 was 48.9%, while that of moderate-to-severe persistent AR phenotype was 4.4%. Cesarean delivery was associated with the mild-intermittent AR phenotype, while prenatal antibiotic use was linked to the moderate-to-severe persistent phenotype. Sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p), Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f), birch, and Japanese hop at age 3 and sensitization to Der p, Der f, birch, oak, and cat at age 7 increased the risk of moderate-to-severe persistent AR phenotype. Upon cytokine analysis, interleukin (IL)-4 tended to be elevated at age 3 in children with moderate-to-severe persistent AR. By age 7, concentrations of IL-5 and IL-17A were significantly higher in children with moderate-to-severe persistent AR phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that 4.4% of Korean children had a moderate-to-severe persistent AR phenotype, as defined by ARIA. Early sensitization to Der p, Der f, birch, and Japanese hop at age 3 and prenatal antibiotic use are risk factors. Furthermore, this phenotype may involve both T helper 2 and T helper 17-related immune responses, reflecting a potential shift toward more complex or mixed patterns of inflammation. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology * The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease. FAU - Lee, Da Kyeong AU - Lee DK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6086-7453 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Respiratory and Allergy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Yoon, Jisun AU - Yoon J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4904-9118 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Respiratory and Allergy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Lee, Hyo-Won AU - Lee HW AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Lee, Seung-Hwa AU - Lee SH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9359-0318 AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Baek, Eun Young AU - Baek EY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1122-1592 AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Song, Kun Baek AU - Song KB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6981-6292 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea. FAU - Park, Min Jee AU - Park MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0891-1311 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7751-9829 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Jihyun AU - Kim J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8493-2881 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4529-6135 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3227-5511 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7817-8728 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Park, Ji Soo AU - Park JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0522-7736 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2499-0702 AD - PHI Digital Healthcare, Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1409-2113 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. sjhong3379@naver.com. LA - eng GR - 2008-E33030-00/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2009-E33033-00/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2011-E33021-00/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2012-E33012-00/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2013-E51003-00/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2014-E51004-00/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2014-E51004-01/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2014-E51004-02/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2017-E67002-00/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2017-E67002-01/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2017-E67002-02/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2020E670200/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2020E670201/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2020E670202/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2019-ER671000/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - 2019-ER671001/KNIH/Korea National Institute of Health/Korea GR - RS-2022-KE002048/MOE/Ministry of Environment/Korea PT - Journal Article PL - Korea (South) TA - Allergy Asthma Immunol Res JT - Allergy, asthma & immunology research JID - 101518382 PMC - PMC12511791 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Allergic rhinitis OT - child OT - cohort studies OT - cytokine OT - phenotype OT - risk factors COIS- There are no financial or other issues that might lead to conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/10/04 06:31 MHDA- 2025/10/04 06:32 PMCR- 2025/07/04 CRDT- 2025/10/04 00:42 PHST- 2025/04/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/04 06:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/04 06:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/04 00:42 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 17.563 [pii] AID - 10.4168/aair.2025.17.5.563 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2025 Sep;17(5):563-577. doi: 10.4168/aair.2025.17.5.563. PMID- 41032166 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251001 LR - 20251031 IS - 1573-2983 (Electronic) IS - 0269-4042 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 11 DP - 2025 Oct 1 TI - From tailings to tables:risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in edible crops cultivated in mine tailing impacted soils. PG - 473 LID - 10.1007/s10653-025-02770-9 [doi] AB - The deposition of mine tailings in agricultural ecosystems raises concerns about the risks to human health, particularly in areas where the dissolution of mineral phases can release potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Soils and crops cultivated in the Rio Doce estuary, which has been receiving iron-rich mine tailings since 2015, were collected in August 2021 to evaluate the total concentrations of PTEs in cultivated plant species (cocoa, cassava, and bananas) in the estuary. We estimated the risks of consuming these products by calculating the Hazard Quotient (HQ), Hazard Index (HI), and Total Hazard Index (THI). Our results showed that the Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb concentrations in all edible parts of the plants exceeded the threshold values in all the crops studied (cocoa beans, banana fruits, and cassava rhizomes). In addition, there was a possible non-carcinogenic risk associated with the consumption of banana fruits by children (THI > 1). For adults, there was no probable risk of consuming the products from the studied plants (HQ, HI, and THI < 1). In conclusion, the association between PTEs and Fe oxides, which often act to reduce PTEs' phytoavailability, was not an efficient mechanism in the studied area. This inefficiency raises concerns regarding the risk associated with food production in such environments. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. FAU - Ferreira, Amanda Duim AU - Ferreira AD AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. amandaduim@usp.br. FAU - Corveloni, Heloisa Farineli AU - Corveloni HF AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Boim, Alexys Friol AU - Boim AF AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Queiroz, Hermano Melo AU - Queiroz HM AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Souza, Tamires Patricia AU - Souza TP AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Otero, Xose L AU - Otero XL AD - University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. FAU - Bernardino, Angelo Fraga AU - Bernardino AF AD - Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil. FAU - Ferreira, Tiago Osorio AU - Ferreira TO AD - Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. toferreira@usp.br. LA - eng GR - 2019/14800-5/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/ GR - 2024/08159-3/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/ GR - 2020/12823-5/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/ GR - 2021/00221-3/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/ GR - 2023/12124-8/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/ GR - 2022/12966-6/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/ GR - GRC GI 1574/Conselleria de Cultura, Educacion e Ordenacion Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia/ GR - 77683544/2017/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espirito Santo/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20251001 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Geochem Health JT - Environmental geochemistry and health JID - 8903118 RN - 0 (Soil Pollutants) RN - 0 (Metals, Heavy) RN - 0 (Soil) SB - IM MH - *Mining MH - Risk Assessment MH - *Soil Pollutants/analysis/toxicity MH - *Crops, Agricultural/chemistry MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - Humans MH - *Metals, Heavy/analysis MH - Soil/chemistry MH - Food Contamination/analysis MH - Manihot/chemistry MH - Brazil OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acceptable daily intake OT - Human health risk assessment OT - Iron oxides OT - Metal pollution COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/10/01 12:31 MHDA- 2025/10/01 12:32 CRDT- 2025/10/01 11:15 PHST- 2025/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/10/01 12:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/01 12:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/01 11:15 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s10653-025-02770-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10653-025-02770-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Environ Geochem Health. 2025 Oct 1;47(11):473. doi: 10.1007/s10653-025-02770-9. PMID- 41029642 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260626 LR - 20260626 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Sep 30 TI - The power of product: how food advertising affects children's perceptions of child and non-child targeted food advertising? PG - 3167 LID - 10.1186/s12889-025-24281-z [doi] LID - 3167 AB - BACKGROUND: Food advertising shapes children's preferences for unhealthy foods, contributing to poor diets and increased risk of obesity and non communicable diseases. This study explored children's perceptions of child and non-child-targeted food advertising. METHODS: Open-ended online interviews with 17 participants, recruited through convenience sampling, were conducted where children were prompted with four advertisements (ads): a child-targeted and non-child-targeted ad for both healthy (plain milk) and unhealthy (chocolate) foods. A thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Most children expressed positive perceptions of the ads, and the reasons children described liking the ads included: (i) people in the ad eating the product, (ii) positive emotional appeal, (iii) pre-existing affinity with the product, and (iv) visibility of the product. However, most children expressed "negative purchase intent" to all ads due to a pre-existing aversion to the product. Many children who expressed pre-existing affinity with the product still expressed negative purchase intent because they preferred other brands or flavours of the product. Most children considered the type of product over the marketing techniques when asked about perceived targeted audience. The main themes found were: (i) product for everyone, and (ii) product for people that like the product. CONCLUSIONS: Children's perceptions, purchase intent and perceived targeted audience did not change between child-targeted and non-child-targeted ads. This study underscores the critical role of the product itself in influencing children's responses to ads. It highlights the need for public policies and advertising regulations to focus on restricting promotions of unhealthy products rather than solely addressing marketing techniques or target audiences. FAU - Soares Guimaraes, Julia AU - Soares Guimaraes J AD - Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada. FAU - Pritchard, Meghan AU - Pritchard M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada. FAU - Sabir, Soulene AU - Sabir S AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada. FAU - Vanderlee, Lana AU - Vanderlee L AD - School of Nutrition, Universite Laval, 2425 Rue de l'Agriculture, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada. FAU - Ramsay, Timothy AU - Ramsay T AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada. FAU - Elliott, Charlene AU - Elliott C AD - Faculty of Arts, Department of Communication, Media and Film, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Potvin Kent, Monique AU - Potvin Kent M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada. mpotvink@uottawa.ca. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250930 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Advertising/methods MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - Interviews as Topic MH - *Food Industry MH - Qualitative Research MH - *Food PMC - PMC12487379 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Food advertising OT - Interview OT - Perceptions OT - Purchase OT - Thematic analysis COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the University of Ottawa's Health Sciences and Science Research Ethics Board H-04-22-8028, and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This statement is included in the manuscript within the methods section. Eligible participants were sent informed consent (for parents) and assent (for children) forms electronically, alongside a brief study description. Verbal parental consent and child assent were obtained once more at the beginning of the video call after a brief description of the study. This too can be found in the methods section. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/10/01 06:29 MHDA- 2026/06/27 00:53 PMCR- 2025/09/30 CRDT- 2025/10/01 01:35 PHST- 2025/05/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/06/27 00:53 [medline] PHST- 2025/10/01 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/10/01 01:35 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-24281-z [pii] AID - 24281 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-24281-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2025 Sep 30;25(1):3167. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24281-z. PMID- 41027077 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20251113 LR - 20251114 IS - 1096-0457 (Electronic) IS - 0022-0965 (Linking) VI - 262 DP - 2026 Feb TI - US and Korean children prefer equality, but Korean children are more tolerant of ingroup-favoring allocations. PG - 106375 LID - S0022-0965(25)00182-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jecp.2025.106375 [doi] AB - It has been shown that with age, US children become more likely to prefer equal over unequal allocations and do so in an impartial way for both ingroup and outgroup members. However, it is possible that such findings are based on norms of impartiality that are more common in Western societies than in collectivistic societies which place a greater emphasis on group loyalty. For example, children from a collectivist society might endorse ingroup-favoring allocations more than equal allocations or outgroup-favoring ones. In this pre-registered study, n = 205 5- to 12-year-olds from the US and South Korea saw hypothetical scenarios in which a child divided resources (e.g., chocolates) between their ingroup and outgroup. Group membership was manipulated using a minimal group paradigm based on team colors. Children evaluated equal, ingroup-favoring, and outgroup-favoring allocations. Results showed that children from both samples overall evaluated equal allocations most positively. However, Korean children judged ingroup-favoring allocations more acceptable and less deserving of punishment than did US peers. Both results were consistent across ages, suggesting the developmental stability of these effects from middle childhood into early adolescence. We discuss how the current results provide insight into cross-cultural differences in fairness norms. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lee, Young-Eun AU - Lee YE AD - Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 43 Vassar St., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Electronic address: yelee@mit.edu. FAU - Jung, Seul-Kee AU - Jung SK AD - Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea. FAU - Song, Hyun-Joo AU - Song HJ AD - Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea. FAU - Warneken, Felix AU - Warneken F AD - Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250929 PL - United States TA - J Exp Child Psychol JT - Journal of experimental child psychology JID - 2985128R SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Republic of Korea MH - United States MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Cross-Cultural Comparison MH - *Group Processes MH - *Social Identification MH - *Social Perception OTO - NOTNLM OT - Culture OT - Development OT - Fairness OT - Group membership COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/09/30 18:28 MHDA- 2025/11/13 18:30 CRDT- 2025/09/30 18:01 PHST- 2025/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/11/13 18:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/30 18:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/30 18:01 [entrez] AID - S0022-0965(25)00182-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jecp.2025.106375 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exp Child Psychol. 2026 Feb;262:106375. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2025.106375. Epub 2025 Sep 29. PMID- 41010505 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250927 LR - 20250930 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 18 DP - 2025 Sep 17 TI - Validating Sentinel Foods in the Diet Quality Questionnaire: Insights from Two Chilean Cohorts of Pregnant Women and Children. LID - 10.3390/nu17182980 [doi] LID - 2980 AB - Background: New tools for monitoring diets, such as the Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ), may help reduce the costs and burden associated with traditional methods of diet assessment. However, its proposed sentinel foods require validation in target populations. This study aimed to validate the Chilean sentinel foods and describe the performance of DQQ, as well as its Global Dietary Recommendation (GDR) indicators, in two Chilean cohorts. Methods: We analyzed dietary data from 1418 pregnant women and 799 children using 24 h recalls. Foods and beverages were classified and ranked into 29 DQQ food groups. Food items that accounted for more than 95% of the total consumption within each of the 29 food groups were selected and identified as sentinels. We estimated the proportion of consumers in each food group and calculated the indicators, as well as their relationship with the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Results: The pregnant women had a mean age of 29.1 (SD 6.6), and the children had a mean age of 6.2 (SD 0.5). The sentinel foods of six groups (grain-based sweets, other sweets, salty snacks, deep-fried food, and sweet tea/coffee/cocoa) captured under 95% of the group's total consumption. The pregnant women had a higher frequency of consumption of staple and healthy foods, and the mean GDR score was 9.3 (SD 2.20). The children had higher consumption of unhealthy food groups, and the mean GDR score was 8.1 (SD 2.05). The GDR-protect scores showed a moderate but statistically significant negative correlation with ultra-processed food consumption (p-value < 0.0001). Conclusions: The DQQ is a suitable tool for collecting dietary data to estimate diet quality using food group-based indicators. Additionally, it is possible to identify different dietary patterns at a crucial stage of life, such as childhood and pregnancy. However, it requires some adaptations of sentinel foods and further testing on other populations before it can be implemented to monitor Chilean diets. FAU - Martinez-Arroyo, Angela AU - Martinez-Arroyo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6380-5701 AD - Centro de Investigacion del Comportamiento Alimentario (CEIC), Facultad de Farmacia, Escuela de Nutricion y Dietetica, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso 2381850, Chile. FAU - Barisione, Giannella AU - Barisione G AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-0256-5931 AD - Centro de Investigacion del Comportamiento Alimentario (CEIC), Facultad de Farmacia, Escuela de Nutricion y Dietetica, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso 2381850, Chile. FAU - Vizcarra, Marcela AU - Vizcarra M AD - Centro de Investigacion del Comportamiento Alimentario (CEIC), Facultad de Farmacia, Escuela de Nutricion y Dietetica, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso 2381850, Chile. FAU - Rebolledo, Natalia AU - Rebolledo N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4537-6592 AD - Center for Research in Food Environments and Prevention of Nutrition-Related Chronic Diseases (CIAPEC), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile. FAU - Garmendia, Maria Luisa AU - Garmendia ML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0589-6091 AD - Center for Research in Food Environments and Prevention of Nutrition-Related Chronic Diseases (CIAPEC), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20250917 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Chile MH - Adult MH - *Diet Surveys/methods MH - *Diet MH - Child MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Cohort Studies MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Male MH - Nutrition Assessment MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC12473036 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet Quality Questionnaire OT - children OT - diet quality OT - food consumption OT - pregnant women COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/09/27 06:33 MHDA- 2025/09/27 06:34 PMCR- 2025/09/17 CRDT- 2025/09/27 01:18 PHST- 2025/07/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/09/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/09/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/27 06:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/09/27 06:33 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/09/27 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2025/09/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu17182980 [pii] AID - nutrients-17-02980 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu17182980 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2025 Sep 17;17(18):2980. doi: 10.3390/nu17182980. PMID- 40993534 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250925 LR - 20250928 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Sep 24 TI - Bacterial profile, their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors of otitis media among children at selected private hospitals in Hargeisa City, Somaliland. PG - 1117 LID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11558-2 [doi] LID - 1117 AB - INTRODUCTION: Otitis media (OM), an inflammation of the middle ear, is a major health concern among children, often resulting from bacterial infections. Although widely studied in other regions, there is a critical lack of local epidemiological data on OM in Somaliland. Compounding the issue is the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which undermines the effectiveness of commonly used antibiotics. This study aimed to identify the bacterial profile, examine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and explore factors associated with OM in children attending selected private hospitals in Hargeisa City. METHODOLOGY: Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from March to September, 2020 among children below 15 years who enrolled consecutively from the ENT department of three selected private health facilities in Hargeisa city. Socio demographic and clinical data were collected using questionnaire. Ear swab samples were collected and inoculated on Blood, Chocolate and MacConkey agar. Standard biochemical tests were used to identify bacterial isolates at species level. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were done using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Data were analyzed using statistical software (SPSS). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Bivariable logistic regression was first performed to identify potential factors associated with otitis media. Variables with a p-value 4 days/week of French fries/potato chips, and chocolates/candy showed higher odds of overweight/obesity. CONCLUSION: Although overweight/obesity exhibited high Kappa agreement between the two classifications, variations were observed when estimating the prevalence of BMI classification using IOTF or WHO standards. Selected lifestyle behaviors showed significant associations with overweight/obesity in both classification standards. CI - (c) 2025 Al-Hazzaa, Alhakami and Alotaibi. FAU - Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M AU - Al-Hazzaa HM AD - Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - School of Sport Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. FAU - Alhakami, Amal AU - Alhakami A AD - Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alotaibi, Ahlam M AU - Alotaibi AM AD - Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AD - The University Diabetes Centre, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250811 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pediatr JT - Frontiers in pediatrics JID - 101615492 PMC - PMC12375550 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - IOTF OT - WHO standards OT - adolescent OT - lifestyle behaviors OT - obesity OT - overweight OT - underweight COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/08/27 20:46 MHDA- 2025/08/27 20:47 PMCR- 2025/08/11 CRDT- 2025/08/27 06:37 PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/27 20:47 [medline] PHST- 2025/08/27 20:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/08/27 06:37 [entrez] PHST- 2025/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fped.2025.1607811 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pediatr. 2025 Aug 11;13:1607811. doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1607811. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40743518 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250731 LR - 20261023 IS - 1438-8871 (Electronic) IS - 1439-4456 (Print) IS - 1438-8871 (Linking) VI - 27 DP - 2025 Jul 31 TI - Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Roblox Video Game (Super U Story) in Improving Body Image Among Children and Adolescents in the United States: Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - e66625 LID - 10.2196/66625 [doi] LID - e66625 AB - BACKGROUND: Body dissatisfaction is a global public health issue negatively impacting young people's mental and physical well-being, underscoring an urgent need to develop early interventions. Emerging evidence suggests that microinterventions are acceptable and effective in delivering mental health interventions. Given the popularity of video games among young people, gaming holds great promise for body image microinterventions. As such, we developed Super U Story, a stand-alone, self-paced, narrative-based adventure video game for the popular gaming platform Roblox grounded in the Tripartite Influence Model of body dissatisfaction and basic tenets of positive body image. OBJECTIVE: This trial evaluated the effectiveness of playing a purpose-built Roblox video game once on US children and adolescents' state and trait body image and related outcomes. Gameplay was capped at 30 minutes. METHODS: Overall, 1059 US-based girls and boys (n=460, 43.4% girls) aged 9 to 13 years (mean age 10.9, SD 1.36 years) from diverse ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic backgrounds were recruited online via a research agency into a 3-arm, online, parallel randomized controlled trial. Participants were assigned to an intervention group, active control group (a Roblox game called Rainbow Friends 2 Story [Color Story]), or attention control group (web-based word search). Participants completed self-report assessments at baseline (1 week before the intervention and before randomization), immediately before and after intervention testing, and 1 week after the intervention. Outcomes included state measures of body satisfaction (primary outcome), mood, and body functionality and trait measures of body esteem, body appreciation, internalization of appearance ideals, and social media literacy. Data were evaluated using repeated-measure analysis of covariance controlling for baseline. Engagement and acceptability data were collected. RESULTS: Intervention participants showed improved state body satisfaction (F(1,694)=5.20; P=.02; eta(p)(2)=0.01) relative to the active control but not in comparison to the attention control. State mood, state body functionality, internalization of appearance ideals, and social media literacy showed no effects. Relative to the intervention group, the active control showed improved trait body esteem (F(1,663)=5.40; P=.02; eta(p)(2)=0.01) and body appreciation (F(1,663)=6.08; P=.01; eta(p)(2)=0.01). Exploratory analyses found that age and gender did not moderate the effects. We were unable to examine dose-response effects. Acceptability scores were good. Self-report engagement data suggested that participants experienced a highly variable and often low-dose exposure. CONCLUSIONS: This large-scale, fully powered trial is the first to assess the effectiveness of a Roblox-based body image intervention, demonstrating the potential for disseminating microinterventions to children and adolescents on large and popular commercial platforms. Overall, playing Super U Story did not cause harm; however, evidence is lacking to suggest that it improved body image. Learnings are discussed, including psychoeducation as an intervention technique, "chocolate-covered broccoli" phenomena (ie, losing players who recognize thinly disguised educational messages), and measuring intervention engagement. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05669053; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05669053. CI - (c)Nicole Paraskeva, Sharon Haywood, Jason Anquandah, Paul White, Mahira Budhraja, Phillippa C Diedrichs, Heidi Williamson. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 31.07.2025. FAU - Paraskeva, Nicole AU - Paraskeva N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8899-6970 AD - Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Haywood, Sharon AU - Haywood S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0761-5406 AD - Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Anquandah, Jason AU - Anquandah J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5972-0078 AD - Department of Engineering, Design and Mathematics, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - White, Paul AU - White P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7503-9896 AD - Department of Engineering, Design and Mathematics, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Budhraja, Mahira AU - Budhraja M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6211-1580 AD - Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Diedrichs, Phillippa C AU - Diedrichs PC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5028-4134 AD - Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Williamson, Heidi AU - Williamson H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0189-4803 AD - Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05669053 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250731 PL - Canada TA - J Med Internet Res JT - Journal of medical Internet research JID - 100959882 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Video Games MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Body Image/psychology MH - Male MH - United States PMC - PMC12355144 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Roblox OT - adolescents OT - body image OT - body satisfaction OT - children OT - gaming OT - microintervention OT - preadolescents OT - randomized controlled trial OT - video game COIS- Conflicts of Interest: PCD is an independent consultant for the Dove Self-Esteem Project. SH was an independent consultant for Dove (Unilever) in 2021 and 2023. PCD and SH were on the Dove Self-Esteem Project Global Advisory Board from 2013 to 2016. All other authors declare no other conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/07/31 18:28 MHDA- 2025/07/31 18:29 PMCR- 2025/07/31 CRDT- 2025/07/31 16:52 PHST- 2024/09/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/07/31 18:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/31 18:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/31 16:52 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v27i1e66625 [pii] AID - 10.2196/66625 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Med Internet Res. 2025 Jul 31;27:e66625. doi: 10.2196/66625. PMID- 40691827 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250722 LR - 20250724 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jul 21 TI - Exploring oral hygiene practices, nutritional habits and caries risk among children, adolescents and young adults: a multiregional perspective in the post-COVID-19 era. PG - 1224 LID - 10.1186/s12903-025-06540-y [doi] LID - 1224 AB - BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged in late December 2019, has significantly altered the dietary and oral health-related habits and lifestyles of nearly every age group within the global population. AIM: The purpose of this research is to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dietary behaviors, daily oral hygiene practices and caries risk among children, adolescents, and young adults from diverse regions within Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study spanning multiple regions of Saudi Arabia was carried out to assess the effects of COVID-19 on dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, and caries risk across various age groups within the Saudi population. A total of 655 participants were included in the study after providing informed consent. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire divided into four sections: personal and demographic information, socioeconomic information, oral hygiene practices, and dietary habits, both prior to and during the COVID-19 lockdown. RESULTS: There was a notable increase in the caries experience rate, which escalated from 26.1% before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic to 45.0% during the pandemic (P < 0.001). The findings suggest a significant shift in the dietary practices of children and adolescents when comparing the two timeframes. Specifically, there was a marked rise in meal frequency (P < 0.001), snacking patterns (P < 0.001), and the consumption of sugary products like candies, chocolates, milk, and coffee (P < 0.001) during the pandemic. Furthermore, the percentage of children and adolescents brushing their teeth three times a day plummeted from 47.8% before the pandemic to a mere 4.3% during it (P < 0.001). The proportion of individuals using fluoride toothpaste also experienced a decline, falling from 15.9% before the pandemic to 5.2% during this crisis (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The study illustrates that the COVID-19 pandemic has substantially changed the dynamics of dental caries and oral health, resulting in an increased risk of caries and a worrying decline in daily oral hygiene practices. Additionally, there has been a significant drop in the application of topical fluoride via toothpaste. These findings point to the critical importance of personalized dental care during public health crises to alleviate negative effects and ensure the maintenance of oral health. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Iqbal, Azhar AU - Iqbal A AD - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia. dr.azhar.iqbal@jodent.org. FAU - Khattak, Osama AU - Khattak O AD - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Siddiqui, Yasir Dilshad AU - Siddiqui YD AD - Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Almaeen, Saud Hamdan AU - Almaeen SH AD - Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqahtani, Saeed AU - Alqahtani S AD - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqahtani, Saleh Ali AU - Alqahtani SA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4017-1694 AD - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences "RDS" College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Hassan, Saeed Awod Bin AU - Hassan SAB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6658-5123 AD - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences "RDS" College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alshehri, Faisal Hasan AU - Alshehri FH AD - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences "RDS" College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alsaeed, Ali Y AU - Alsaeed AY AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-9943-5080 AD - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences "RDS" College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al-Omiri, Mahmoud K AU - Al-Omiri MK AD - Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman, 11942, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250721 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - *Oral Hygiene/statistics & numerical data MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Child MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Risk Factors MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC12281711 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behaviour OT - COVID 19 OT - Caries OT - Diet OT - Oral health OT - Sugar intake COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. The ethical approval was obtained from The Research Ethic Committee at Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdul Aziz University with an assigned ethical approval number 037-02-22. The consent was obtained to participate in the current study from all the participants. For minors (younger than 16 years), the consent to participate in the current study was obtained from the parents or legal guardians. To ensure confidentiality, participants information was anonymized, and responses were recorded in an Excel spreadsheet. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/07/22 06:26 MHDA- 2025/07/22 06:27 PMCR- 2025/07/21 CRDT- 2025/07/22 00:02 PHST- 2024/09/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/22 06:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/22 06:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/22 00:02 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-025-06540-y [pii] AID - 6540 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-025-06540-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jul 21;25(1):1224. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06540-y. PMID- 40665402 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250716 LR - 20260328 IS - 2072-1315 (Electronic) IS - 1606-0997 (Print) IS - 1606-0997 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jul 15 TI - Social media food marketing landscape of children living in Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina: Piloting the WHO CLICK framework, results and lessons learned. PG - 257 LID - 10.1186/s41043-025-01009-8 [doi] LID - 257 AB - BACKGROUND: Monitoring food marketing that reaches children is key to effective implementation of any regulation. The Best-ReMaP European Union Joint Action aimed to test the feasibility of using monitoring protocols (developed by the World Health Organization's Regional Office for Europe [WHO-Euro]) in the public health sector, to inform EU-wide monitoring plans. In Republic of Srpska, BiH, we piloted the WHO 'CLICK' Framework step, 'L - Landscape of campaigns', created to assess the nature of digital food and beverage marketing that children are potentially exposed to when using their preferred digital media. METHODS: This mixed methods pilot study analysed 235 Instagram and Facebook posts from 10 brands/products popular among children in Republic of Srpska, and 24 videos of two YouTube influencers, between January-April 2023. The WHO Nutrient Profile Model (1st edition, 2015) was used to assess ads' eligibility to be marketed to children. With WHO-Euro monitoring Protocols we assessed the promotional techniques (ad's creative power) used by brands and YouTube influencers. Finally, we assessed feasibility at every step of the process. RESULTS: Research capacity and coding were among the main identified challenges in the pilot. Our learnings contributed to updates of the WHO Protocols and the EU- framework guidance. Regarding the food marketing landscape, the most frequently advertised food categories on social media and in YouTube Influencers' content were cakes, sweet biscuits and pastries (31% and 22.7% respectively) and chocolate and sugar confectionery (27.5% and 14.7% respectively). None of the social media ads were eligible to be marketed to children and only of 2 of the 24 YouTube influencers' marketing instances were eligible. Most ads featured elements potentially appealing to teens, 88% on Facebook and 72% on Instagram. The most frequently used persuasive appeals on social media were reference to holidays, travel, or adventure (23%), followed by taste (12.5%) and premium/contest (11.5%). YouTube influencers predominantly presented branded foods (62.5%). Only one influencer video featured a marketing disclosure. Food cue contexts varied between the two influencers, depending on their target groups. One mostly posted videos filmed at home, with child appeals and referred positively to the food featured; the other presented food as a secondary object and in neutral rather than positive contexts. CONCLUSION: The WHO-Euro 'landscape' Protocol is a feasible tool for Member States to evaluate digital food marketing. Facilitators were: capacity/resources, access to a knowledge/experience exchange, and regular protocol updates. The analysis shows that in Republic of Srpska, BiH, powerful marketing of unhealthy foods appealing to children takes place on children's favoured social media platforms and via influencers with child-appealing content. Mandatory, government-led restrictions, accompanied by regular monitoring are needed to protect children's health. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Niskanovic, Jelena AU - Niskanovic J AD - Public Health Institute of the Republic of Srpska, Jovana Ducica 1, Banja Luka, 78 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina. jelena.niskanovic@phi.rs.ba. FAU - Stojisavljevic, Dragana AU - Stojisavljevic D AD - Public Health Institute of the Republic of Srpska, Jovana Ducica 1, Banja Luka, 78 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Muc, Magdalena AU - Muc M AD - Faculty of Wellbeing, Education and Language Studies, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK. FAU - Tatlow-Golden, Mimi AU - Tatlow-Golden M AD - Faculty of Wellbeing, Education and Language Studies, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK. FAU - Manigoda, Dijana AU - Manigoda D AD - Public Health Institute of the Republic of Srpska, Jovana Ducica 1, Banja Luka, 78 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250715 PL - Bangladesh TA - J Health Popul Nutr JT - Journal of health, population, and nutrition JID - 100959228 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Social Media/statistics & numerical data MH - Pilot Projects MH - Child MH - *Marketing/methods MH - World Health Organization MH - *Food MH - Food Industry PMC - PMC12261814 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Digital marketing OT - Monitoring OT - Social media OT - Unhealthy food COIS- Declarations. Ethics declaration: Ethics declaration: not applicable. Consent to publish: Consent to Publish declaration: not applicable. Consent to participate: Materials analyzed in the paper are all in the public domain on social media, and did not involve human participants. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/07/16 00:26 MHDA- 2025/07/16 06:25 PMCR- 2025/07/15 CRDT- 2025/07/15 23:56 PHST- 2025/01/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/16 06:25 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/16 00:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/15 23:56 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s41043-025-01009-8 [pii] AID - 1009 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s41043-025-01009-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jul 15;44(1):257. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-01009-8. PMID- 40646970 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250714 IS - 2304-8158 (Print) IS - 2304-8158 (Electronic) IS - 2304-8158 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 13 DP - 2025 Jun 24 TI - Effect of a 6-Month Functional Food Intervention on the Microbiota of Stunted Children in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia-A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Parallel Trial. LID - 10.3390/foods14132218 [doi] LID - 2218 AB - We have previously shown a difference between the gut microbiota composition of stunted and non-stunted children in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The current study aimed to perform an intervention with a probiotic, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IS-10506, and its UHT-treated postbiotic compared to placebo in order to accomplish catch-up growth in the stunted children, possibly through modulation of the gut microbiota. Apart from the maltodextrin (placebo), probiotic, and postbiotic in chocolate milk, all groups also received a functional and nutritional biscuit and had access to newly constructed water wells as well as soap to improve hygiene. The results show that independent of treatment, the stunted children had a significantly higher increase in height and zlen (corrected for age) compared with their age- and gender-matched controls but a significantly lower increase in weight. Several potential pathogenic taxa declined in all groups, among which was Escherichia/Shigella (adjusted.p = 6.44 x 10(-15)), but so did some beneficial taxa, such as Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia. Faecalibacterium, which was already higher in the stunted children at baseline, increased independent of treatment. Changes in the relative abundance of several taxa of the microbiota correlated with the changes in anthropometric measures. In conclusion, although there was no difference between the interventions, understanding the dynamics and the role of the gut microbiota in this process might allow healthcare providers to develop targeted nutritional strategies aimed at optimizing health outcomes for children at risk of stunting, thereby addressing a critical global health issue. FAU - Surono, Ingrid S AU - Surono IS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2222-609X AD - Food Technology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia. FAU - Venema, Koen AU - Venema K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7046-5127 AD - Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation, Maastricht University, Campus Venlo, 5928 SZ Venlo, The Netherlands. AD - Beneficial Microbes(R) Consultancy, 6709 TN Wageningen, The Netherlands. AD - Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Martosudarmo, Subijanto AU - Martosudarmo S AD - Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia. FAU - Kusumo, Pratiwi D AU - Kusumo PD AD - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta 13630, Indonesia. LA - eng GR - 022/E4.1/AK.04.PRN/2021/National Research Priority (PRN) Scheme, Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology, Ministry of Education, Culture/ GR - 89/IV/KS/11/2022/Research and Innovation for Avanced Indonesia (RIIM) Scheme, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia/ GR - World Class Professor 2023 Program, Directorate of Human Resources, Directorate General of Higher Education Research and Technology, Ministry of Education, Culture Research and Technology, Indonesia/ GR - HEFI-1/Dutch Province of Limburg/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250624 PL - Switzerland TA - Foods JT - Foods (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101670569 PMC - PMC12248618 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Faecalibacterium OT - Indonesian children under 5 year OT - SCFA OT - butyrate OT - gut microbiota OT - nutritional status OT - stunted COIS- Author Koen Vennma is founder and CEO of the company Beneficial Microbes Consultancy. This company was not involved in set-up or funding of the study. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/07/13 03:34 MHDA- 2025/07/13 03:35 PMCR- 2025/06/24 CRDT- 2025/07/12 01:03 PHST- 2025/04/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/13 03:35 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/13 03:34 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/12 01:03 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - foods14132218 [pii] AID - foods-14-02218 [pii] AID - 10.3390/foods14132218 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Foods. 2025 Jun 24;14(13):2218. doi: 10.3390/foods14132218. PMID- 40626341 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250708 LR - 20250710 IS - 1473-2165 (Electronic) IS - 1473-2130 (Print) IS - 1473-2130 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 7 DP - 2025 Jul TI - Evaluating the Association Between Acne Vulgaris and Diet: An Exploratory Study on Patient Beliefs and Perceptions. PG - e70285 LID - 10.1111/jocd.70285 [doi] LID - e70285 AB - BACKGROUND: Although there is content diversity, there are several data about the impact of diet on acne. However, studies about patients' beliefs about the effects of diet on acne are limited. So, in this study, we aimed to assess the perceptions and beliefs of patients about the association between acne and diet. METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study that was conducted on patients with a diagnosis of acne vulgaris in the dermatology clinic of Shohada Tajrish and Loghman Hakim Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from December 2022 to December 2023. A questionnaire was given to each patient, and basic data and beliefs of patients about the association between acne and diet were asked. All questionnaires were recorded in SPSS v.26 software and analyzed. A significant level was considered less than 0.05. RESULTS: In this study, 793 patients participated in the study. 328 patients (41.36%) were 12-19 years old, and 482 of all patients (60.78%) were male. Most of the patients believed that sweets and chocolates and fatty and fried foods had negative impacts on acne and that fruits and vegetables, vitamins, and supplements (zinc, omega-3, selenium, and green tea) improved the disease condition. Acne severity and skin type had significant relationships with the beliefs of patients about the effects of diet on acne (p-values < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Although a considerable number of patients with acne believe that diet impacts acne, the patients should be educated about dietary habits that improve or aggravate the disease. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Salemi, Masomeh AU - Salemi M AD - Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Dadkhahfar, Sahar AU - Dadkhahfar S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4058-2562 AD - Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Tehranchinia, Zohreh AU - Tehranchinia Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2510-7579 AD - Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Razzaghi, Zahra AU - Razzaghi Z AD - Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Ghalamkarpour, Fariba AU - Ghalamkarpour F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2119-8082 AD - Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Cosmet Dermatol JT - Journal of cosmetic dermatology JID - 101130964 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Acne Vulgaris/diet therapy/psychology/etiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet/adverse effects MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Iran MH - Child MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Adult MH - Dietary Supplements PMC - PMC12235578 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acne vulgaris OT - belief OT - diet OT - perception COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/07/08 06:26 MHDA- 2025/07/08 12:55 PMCR- 2025/07/08 CRDT- 2025/07/08 05:53 PHST- 2025/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/02/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/08 12:55 [medline] PHST- 2025/07/08 06:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/07/08 05:53 [entrez] PHST- 2025/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JOCD70285 [pii] AID - 10.1111/jocd.70285 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025 Jul;24(7):e70285. doi: 10.1111/jocd.70285. PMID- 40569132 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250626 LR - 20250626 IS - 0035-7715 (Print) IS - 0035-7715 (Linking) VI - 76 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jun 26 TI - Survey on food dyes additives in food products commonly consumed by Algerian children. PG - 39-45 LID - 196070 [pii] LID - 10.32394/rpzh/196070 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Children are generally attracted to colorful foods. However, some food dyes are suspected of exacerbating the activity of children and inducing other health problems that can reach reprotoxicity and carcinogenicity. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the presence of dyes such as E102, E104, E110, E121, E122, E123, E124, E127, E129, E132, E133, E143 and E171 in food products widely consumed by children in Algeria notably sweets and chocolates, beverages and ice creams, yogurts and biscuits. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This work was carried out on 228 products including 57 biscuits, 47 drinks and ice creams, 20 yogurts and 104 sweets and chocolates. Information mentioned on the composition label of this products were recorded to determine the presence of studied dyes. RESULTS: Here, we report the abundance of the yellow dyes E102 (24.1%) and E110 (18%) in the tested products. Also, apart from E121, all the other assessed dyes were found. Sweets and chocolates are the products containing the most studied dyes. The analysis of the presence of combinations of these dyes shows that 7% of analyzed foods contain 2 dyes in their composition while 20% of the products contain at least 3 dyes at the same time. Additionally, 37.5% of sweets and chocolates contain a combination of at least 3 dyes in their ingredient list. CONCLUSIONS: In overall, except the E121, all assessed dyes were identified on the labels of food products widely consumed by children which encourage parents to be made aware of the risks associated with the ingestion of omnipresent dyes in children's diets. FAU - Bencherit, Djihad AU - Bencherit D AD - Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria. AD - Laboratoire d'Exploration et Valorisation des Ecosystemes Steppiques, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria. FAU - Charbi, Naila AU - Charbi N AD - Department of Agro-veterinary Science, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria. FAU - Saad, Asma AU - Saad A AD - Department of Agro-veterinary Science, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria. FAU - Dahia, Sara AU - Dahia S AD - Department of Agro-veterinary Science, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria. FAU - Messadi, Bochra AU - Messadi B AD - Department of Agro-veterinary Science, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria. FAU - Lounis, Mohamed AU - Lounis M AD - Laboratoire d'Exploration et Valorisation des Ecosystemes Steppiques, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria. AD - Department of Agro-veterinary Science, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250211 PL - Poland TA - Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig JT - Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny JID - 0414756 RN - 0 (Food Coloring Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Food Coloring Agents/analysis MH - Algeria MH - Child MH - Food Analysis MH - Beverages/analysis MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Food Labeling OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - food additives OT - food dyes OT - health risk OT - hyperactivity disorder EDAT- 2025/06/26 12:29 MHDA- 2025/06/26 12:30 CRDT- 2025/06/26 09:43 PHST- 2025/06/26 12:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/26 12:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/26 09:43 [entrez] AID - 196070 [pii] AID - 10.32394/rpzh/196070 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2025 Jun 26;76(1):39-45. doi: 10.32394/rpzh/196070. Epub 2025 Feb 11. PMID- 40568898 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250904 LR - 20250904 IS - 1532-2491 (Electronic) IS - 1082-6084 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 12 DP - 2025 TI - A Descriptive Assessment of Products Containing the Opioid Receptor Stimulator Mitragynine Pseudoindoxyl. PG - 1950-1954 LID - 10.1080/10826084.2025.2522162 [doi] AB - Background: Potent semi-synthetic alkaloids that stimulate opioid receptors are being sold to consumers in gas stations, smoke shops, and online as the dietary supplement 'kratom'. Objective: We descriptively evaluated the characteristics of products containing mitragynine pseudoindoxyl. Results: Fifty-one unique products met our inclusion criteria. Seventy-one percent of products contained mitragynine pseudoindoxyl plus 7-hydroxymitragynine, 24% contained mitragynine pseudoindoxyl alone (24%), and 6% contained mitragynine pseudoindoxyl with 8-hydroxymitragynine or 11-hydroxymitragynine (with or without 7-hydroxymitragynine). Sixty-nine percent of products had a child appealing flavoring and/or scent, 63% of products were formulated using bright colors or had bright colors on their labeling, 12% of products had food pictures on the label (mainly representing the fruit or mint flavoring/scent), 6% of products had a cartoon mascot, and 6% of products had a food formulation (ice cream cone or chocolate bar). Only 18% of websites disclosed the products stimulated opioid receptors while 45% disclosed they could cause intoxication, tolerance, dependence, withdrawal, or addiction. Conclusions: There are many products that contain mitragynine pseudoindoxyl sold as dietary supplements and many have features that would appeal to children. FAU - White, C Michael AU - White CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9367-4893 AD - University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, Connecticut, USA. FAU - Belcourt, Jordyn AU - Belcourt J AD - University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, Connecticut, USA. FAU - Sedensky, Ava AU - Sedensky A AD - University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, Connecticut, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250626 PL - England TA - Subst Use Misuse JT - Substance use & misuse JID - 9602153 RN - 0 (Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids) RN - EP479K822J (mitragynine) RN - 0 (Receptors, Opioid) RN - 2T3TWA75R0 (7-hydroxymitragynine) SB - IM MH - *Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/analysis/pharmacology/chemistry MH - Humans MH - *Receptors, Opioid/drug effects MH - *Dietary Supplements OTO - NOTNLM OT - 7-hydroxymitragynine OT - Kratom OT - mitragynine pseudoindoxyl OT - opioid EDAT- 2025/06/26 12:28 MHDA- 2025/09/04 18:34 CRDT- 2025/06/26 07:33 PHST- 2025/09/04 18:34 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/26 12:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/26 07:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/10826084.2025.2522162 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Subst Use Misuse. 2025;60(12):1950-1954. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2025.2522162. Epub 2025 Jun 26. PMID- 40554487 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250624 LR - 20260924 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 6 DP - 2025 TI - Magnitude of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria from tracheal aspirates of intensive care unit patients in Ethiopia. PG - e0324199 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0324199 [doi] LID - e0324199 AB - BACKGROUND: Globally, multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL)Gram-negative bacterial pathogens are causing significant public health problems, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs) among patients on mechanical ventilation. The objective of the study was to identify Gram-negative bacterial pathogens from tracheal aspirates, determine the prevalence of MDR, and assess the prevalence of ESBL production among the isolates. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC). A total of 181 ICU patients on mechanical ventilation from January to August of 2022 were included. Tracheal aspirates were collected using consecutive sampling techniques, and the samples were inoculated on chocolate, blood, and MacConkey agar plates. Conventional biochemical tests were used to identify Gram-negative bacteria, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was carried out via the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The production of ESBL was confirmed by the combination disc method. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25 software. RESULTS: In this study, 181 study participants were enrolled, with an age distribution ranging from 1 year to 81 years and a median and mode of 15 years and 1 year, respectively. The overall prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria was 65.2%. A total of 189 Gram-negative bacteria were found, of which 52 (44.1%) showed a single organism and 66 (55.9%) were multiple organisms. Of the 189 isolates, 69.8% were MDR, while 86.8% were ESBL producers. Acinetobacter species (50.8%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (29.6%) were the predominant isolates, with MDRs of 78.1% and 71.4%, respectively, and ESBLs of 100% and 82.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A high magnitude of MDR and ESBL was detected. In addition, there was high resistance to cephalosporin-class antibiotics, which is concerning. The MDRs Acinetobacter spp. and K. pneumoniae were the predominant isolates. Regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance levels, implementing antimicrobial stewardship, and an effective infection control program should be strengthened. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 Berhe et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Berhe, Zenebe Gebreyohannes AU - Berhe ZG AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-0002-1768 AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Haile, Shambel Araya AU - Haile SA AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. AD - Department Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Hundie, Gadissa Bedada AU - Hundie GB AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Wami, Ashenafi Alemu AU - Wami AA AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Addis, Tesfa AU - Addis T AD - Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Alehegn, Elias AU - Alehegn E AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. AD - Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Abayneh, Mahlet AU - Abayneh M AD - Department of Pediatrics, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Zergaw, Shalom Tsegaye AU - Zergaw ST AD - Department of Pediatrics, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Engida, Natnael Dejene AU - Engida ND AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Gebreyohanns, Alganesh AU - Gebreyohanns A AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Workneh, Firehiwot AU - Workneh F AD - Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Hadgu, Tsedale Woldu AU - Hadgu TW AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Kahasay, Yonas AU - Kahasay Y AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Gorems, Kasahun AU - Gorems K AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Geremew, Rozina Ambachew AU - Geremew RA AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Teshome, Fitsum Girma AU - Teshome FG AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. AD - Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Adinew, Tibebe AU - Adinew T AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Gebrelibanos, Daniel Kahase AU - Gebrelibanos DK AD - Wolkite University, Ethiopia. FAU - Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse AU - Akalu GT AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Solomon, Semaria AU - Solomon S AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250624 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases) RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Intensive Care Units MH - *beta-Lactamases/metabolism MH - *Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification/drug effects/enzymology MH - Adult MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - *Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial MH - Middle Aged MH - *Trachea/microbiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Aged MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - Infant MH - *Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology/epidemiology/drug therapy MH - Prevalence PMC - PMC12186978 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2025/06/24 18:29 MHDA- 2025/06/24 18:30 PMCR- 2025/06/24 CRDT- 2025/06/24 13:33 PHST- 2024/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/24 18:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/24 18:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/24 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-24-12990 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0324199 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2025 Jun 24;20(6):e0324199. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324199. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40554105 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250826 LR - 20250826 IS - 1090-2414 (Electronic) IS - 0147-6513 (Linking) VI - 302 DP - 2025 Sep 1 TI - Exposome study for allergic diseases in children: Rationale and design of ECHO-COCOA study. PG - 118533 LID - S0147-6513(25)00878-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118533 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Comprehensive consideration of the totality of environmental exposures and the resulting endogenous responses plays a crucial role in assessing the effect of early-life exposure on child health. OBJECTIVES: The Exposome and Child Health with Omics-COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases (ECHO-COCOA) study was conducted based on the COCOA birth cohort, a general population-based cohort study that aimed to evaluate multi-omics signatures of environmental exposures and their effect on childhood allergic diseases, obesity and neurodevelopment in Korea. METHODS: In total, 156 chemical pollutants and multi-omics profiles (methylome, genome, gut microbiome, transcriptome, metabolome, proteome, and multiplex cytokine assay) were investigated in 481 mother-child pairs. Our previous studies using omics analysis revealed the mechanisms of childhood allergic diseases. Studies on the complex interactions between early-life environmental exposures, omics, and various endotypes of childhood allergic diseases using an integrative multi-omics approach are underway. The ECHO-COCOA study will evolve further in the future by increasing its sample size, using advanced exposure measurement methods, integrating different omics technologies, and developing new statistical methods. Collaboration and integration with other birth cohort studies or external validation will aid in advancing the ECHO-COCOA study. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study may enable the development of precision medicine and prevention of allergic diseases, obesity, and neurodevelopment based on harmful exposures, especially during critical periods of life. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Yang, Song-I AU - Yang SI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea. FAU - Im, Hosub AU - Im H AD - Institute for Life & Environmental Technology, Smartive Corporation, Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Yanghee AU - Kim Y AD - Institute for Life & Environmental Technology, Smartive Corporation, Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyo-Bin AU - Kim HB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jeong-Hyun AU - Kim JH AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yeom, Jeonghun AU - Yeom J AD - Prometabio Research Institute, Prometabio Co., Ltd., Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yoo, Hyun Ju AU - Yoo HJ AD - Department of Convergence Medicine, Department of Digital Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Mi Jeong AU - Kim MJ AD - Department of Convergence Medicine, Department of Digital Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Seong, Hoon Je AU - Seong HJ AD - Korean Medicine Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Hea Young AU - Oh HY AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Yong Joo AU - Park YJ AD - College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kang, Mi-Jin AU - Kang MJ AD - Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Seung-Hwa AU - Lee SH AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hwan-Cheol AU - Kim HC AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kwon, Sung-Ok AU - Kwon SO AD - Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Kyung-Sook AU - Lee KS AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Hanshin University, Osan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Yee-Jin AU - Shin YJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yoon, Jisun AU - Yoon J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Ji Soo AU - Park JS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jihyun AU - Kim J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Respiratory and Allergy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sjhong3379@naver.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250618 PL - Netherlands TA - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf JT - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety JID - 7805381 RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Hypersensitivity/epidemiology MH - *Exposome MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Environmental Exposure MH - Male MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Environmental Pollutants MH - Child, Preschool MH - Birth Cohort MH - Infant OTO - NOTNLM OT - Allergy OT - Birth cohort OT - Children OT - Exposome OT - Omics COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/06/24 18:30 MHDA- 2025/08/31 20:02 CRDT- 2025/06/24 13:09 PHST- 2025/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/08/31 20:02 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/24 18:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/24 13:09 [entrez] AID - S0147-6513(25)00878-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118533 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 Sep 1;302:118533. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118533. Epub 2025 Jun 18. PMID- 40543867 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250925 LR - 20250926 IS - 1096-0953 (Electronic) IS - 0013-9351 (Linking) VI - 284 DP - 2025 Nov 1 TI - Effects of web-based behavioral intervention on fine particulate matter, pulmonary function, and airway inflammation in children: The COCOA randomized controlled trial. PG - 122200 LID - S0013-9351(25)01451-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122200 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Although web-based intervention programs are effective in changing health behavior, evidence of their effectiveness in relation to air pollution and respiratory health in children is lacking. We assessed the effects of web-based behavioral intervention on exposure to fine particulate matter (PM /=90th percentile) were negatively associated with these lung function parameters at the lower quantiles, whereas the higher level of outdoor PM(2.5) concentration was positively associated with FeNO at the lower quantile. CONCLUSIONS: The behavioral intervention reduced PM(2.5) concentration in the homes, which was linked to markers of lung function and airway inflammation in children, particularly at the lower quantiles. CI - Copyright (c) 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Lamichhane, Dirga Kumar AU - Lamichhane DK AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. FAU - Kim, Bo-Mee AU - Kim BM AD - Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Bae, Jungyun AU - Bae J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Hea Young AU - Oh HY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyo-Bin AU - Kim HB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yang, Song-I AU - Yang SI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sjhong@nmc.or.kr. FAU - Kim, Hwan-Cheol AU - Kim HC AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: carpediem@inha.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20250619 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Res JT - Environmental research JID - 0147621 RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Particulate Matter/analysis MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Air Pollutants/analysis MH - Respiratory Function Tests MH - *Internet-Based Intervention MH - Inflammation/chemically induced MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Environmental Exposure OTO - NOTNLM OT - Behavior OT - Children OT - Intervention OT - Lung function OT - PM(2.5) OT - Quantile regression COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/06/22 06:10 MHDA- 2025/09/26 00:30 CRDT- 2025/06/21 19:18 PHST- 2024/12/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/06/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/26 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/22 06:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/21 19:18 [entrez] AID - S0013-9351(25)01451-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122200 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Res. 2025 Nov 1;284:122200. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122200. Epub 2025 Jun 19. PMID- 40535430 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250619 LR - 20250620 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2025 TI - Patterns and prevalence of depression, tobacco, and caffeine use among university students from different majors in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study. PG - 1605086 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1605086 [doi] LID - 1605086 AB - BACKGROUND: Mental health plays a fundamental role in overall wellbeing, with depression being one of the most common mental health disorders worldwide. University students face significant academic, financial, and social pressures, making them particularly vulnerable to depression. Research showed difference in consumption of psychoactive substances such as caffeine and tobacco among genders and academic fields. It suggests also a link between the use of these substances and an increase in depressive symptoms. The consumption of these substances among all university students in Lebanon from multiple majors and the relationship between this intake and mental health remains underexplored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study surveyed university students across Lebanon to assess their tobacco and caffeine consumption and its relationship with depression. A self-administered online questionnaire, including the Beck Depression Inventory, was used to measure depression levels and collect data on substance use patterns. A total of 626 convenient responses were analyzed, incorporating both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. RESULTS: The study found that 31.15% of university students experienced some level of depression. Gender differences were observed in tobacco and caffeine consumption: cigarette smoking was significantly higher among males (25%) than females (7.4%), while no significant gender-based differences were found for electronic cigarette and shisha use. Among caffeinated products, chocolate was the most consumed (92.9% males, 98.1% females), followed by other types of coffee (71.9% males, 80.5% females). Significant gender differences were noted in Arabic coffee, chocolate, tea, and cigarette consumption, but not for energy drinks, e-cigarettes, or waterpipes. Depression levels did not significantly differ between genders for most substances, except for cigarette smoking, where female smokers exhibited significantly higher depression scores than male smokers (p = 0.032). Additionally, depression levels varied across academic majors, with architecture students displaying the highest levels and medical students the lowest. Tobacco consumption is higher among non-medical majors, whereas caffeine is higher among health and non-medical majors. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the need for targeted mental health interventions, awareness campaigns, and accessible psychological support services for university students. Future research should explore additional sociocultural factors influencing substance use and mental health. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 El Hashem, Bou Saba, Bou Madi, Mahfouz, Derian, El Husseiny, Hanna, El Hayek and Assaad. FAU - El Hashem, Afife AU - El Hashem A AD - Fundamental Health Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon. FAU - Bou Saba, Angela AU - Bou Saba A AD - Fundamental Health Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon. FAU - Bou Madi, Anna Maria AU - Bou Madi AM AD - Fundamental Health Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon. FAU - Mahfouz, Caroline AU - Mahfouz C AD - Fundamental Health Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon. FAU - Derian, Clara AU - Derian C AD - Fundamental Health Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon. FAU - El Husseiny, Elie AU - El Husseiny E AD - Fundamental Health Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon. FAU - Hanna, Jeanne-Marie AU - Hanna JM AD - Fundamental Health Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon. FAU - El Hayek, Maguy AU - El Hayek M AD - Fundamental Health Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon. FAU - Assaad, Shafika AU - Assaad S AD - Fundamental Health Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250604 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Lebanon/epidemiology MH - Female MH - *Caffeine/administration & dosage MH - *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Universities/statistics & numerical data MH - *Depression/epidemiology MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Tobacco Use/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - *Smoking/epidemiology PMC - PMC12173863 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Lebanon OT - caffeine use OT - depression OT - tobacco consumption OT - university students COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/06/19 07:54 MHDA- 2025/06/19 07:55 PMCR- 2025/06/04 CRDT- 2025/06/19 05:24 PHST- 2025/04/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/19 07:55 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/19 07:54 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/19 05:24 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1605086 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 4;13:1605086. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1605086. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40489453 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250609 LR - 20261017 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 6 DP - 2025 TI - Measuring Child Labor: The Who's, the Where's, the When's, and the Why's. PG - e0322987 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0322987 [doi] LID - e0322987 AB - Measuring child labor accurately is a major challenge: parents' and children's reports tend to differ dramatically, and there is typically no way to verify whose reports are truthful (if any). To overcome this challenge, this paper uses novel data from a cocoa certifier in Cote d'Ivoire that draws on satellite imagery to minimize under-reporting. Concretely, aerial photos allow them to select remote and hard-to-reach communities-where parents typically have not been sensitized by government or NGOs, averting social desirability biases-and to visit these communities while cocoa is being harvested-precisely when children in employment are very visible, making it easier for enumerators to impute it if parents still fail to report it. We compare their figures with those obtained from business-as-usual surveys with parents and children in these regions, and find that (1) reporting inconsistencies between parents and their children in fact decrease with household remoteness; (2) adults dramatically under-report child labor relative to the certifier data, by a factor of at least 60%; and (3) in turn, children self-reports are statistically identical to the latter. Taking advantage of an experiment that randomly assigned a text-message campaign to discourage child labor, we further show that parents' reports not only underestimate its prevalence, but can even lead to the wrong conclusions about the effects of policy interventions. CI - Copyright: (c) 2025 Lichand, Wolf. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Lichand, Guilherme AU - Lichand G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9118-1745 AD - Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America. FAU - Wolf, Sharon AU - Wolf S AD - Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250609 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Female MH - Adult MH - *Child Labor/statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Cote d'Ivoire MH - Parents MH - Self Report MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC12148184 COIS- Lichand is a partner and chairman at Movva, the implementing partner of the intervention evaluated as part of this study. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Wolf has no competing interests to declare. EDAT- 2025/06/09 18:28 MHDA- 2025/06/09 18:29 PMCR- 2025/06/09 CRDT- 2025/06/09 13:33 PHST- 2024/10/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/06/09 18:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/09 18:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/09 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-24-42933 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0322987 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2025 Jun 9;20(6):e0322987. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322987. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40464859 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260127 LR - 20260926 IS - 1559-0720 (Electronic) IS - 0163-4984 (Print) IS - 0163-4984 (Linking) VI - 204 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan TI - Dietary Exposure and Health Risk Assessment of Selected Toxic and Essential Metals in Various Flavored Dairy Products. PG - 218-238 LID - 10.1007/s12011-025-04676-0 [doi] AB - Children are strongly frequent consumers of flavored dairy pro ducts chosen and encouraged by their mothers to achieve nutritional requirements. Therefore, this study was implemented to assess flavored dairy products (UHT milk, pasteurized milk, milk powder, yogurt, drinking yogurt, and ice cream) with two diversified flavors for each product for their trace element levels (Al, Pb, Hg, Cd, As, Sb, Zn, Fe, Cu, B, Se, Ni, Co, Cr, and Mn) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS/MS). Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Co, and Al were detectable in all examined samples, but they were found to be free of mercury and cadmium. Essential elements (Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Cr, Mn, B) and Al were maximally determined in chocolate milk powder with mean values of 20.73 +/- 0.703, 6.832 +/- 0.114, 17.9 +/- 4.75, 0.299 +/- 0.026, 1.279 +/- 0.52, 7.958 +/- 0.201, 3.51 +/- 0.431, and 4.785 +/- 1.590 mg/kg, respectively, while Ni, Pb, and As were utmost measured in strawberry yogurt at 1.591 +/- 1.746, 0.09 +/- 0.036, and 0.037 +/- 0.031 mg/kg, respectively. The Pb value concentrations in samples of strawberry milk powder and pasteurized milk exceeded the regulative limit permitted by the European Commission (0.02 mg/kg). Regarding estimated daily intake (EDI) of toxic metals, strawberry drinking yogurt showed Pb (0.0046 mg/kg(bw)/day) and Al (0.164 mg/kg(bw)/day) twice daily intakes for toddlers surpassed the tolerable daily intake (TDI). Therefore, the consumption of strawberry yogurt for toddlers showed a possibility of non-carcinogenic risk expressed as THQ and carcinogenic risk (CR) in minimum to maximum values of 1.870-3.740 and 8.40 x 10(-4)-1.68 x 10(-3) respectively. The contamination of flavored dairy products should be of greater concern as it is deemed a health crisis. Restrictive control measures must be applied starting from hygienic measures related to dairy animals, harvesting, and preparation of unprocessed materials used in the manufacturing of dairy plants, as the steps of processing and raw material quality have the greatest attention and influence on metal concentrations variability. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Ibrahim, Aml S AU - Ibrahim AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4117-2680 AD - Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt. amal_elsyaed@cu.edu.eg. FAU - Awaad, Shimaa S AU - Awaad SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9394-2061 AD - Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt. FAU - Shehta, Heba A AU - Shehta HA AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4794-2628 AD - Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt. FAU - Hegab, Ola W AU - Hegab OW AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-6775-2245 AD - Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250604 PL - United States TA - Biol Trace Elem Res JT - Biological trace element research JID - 7911509 RN - 0 (Trace Elements) RN - 0 (Metals, Heavy) SB - IM MH - *Dairy Products/analysis MH - Humans MH - Risk Assessment MH - *Dietary Exposure/analysis MH - Animals MH - *Trace Elements/analysis MH - Milk/chemistry MH - Yogurt/analysis MH - *Food Contamination/analysis MH - *Metals, Heavy/analysis PMC - PMC12847127 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CR OT - EDI OT - Flavored dairy products OT - Non-carcinogenic risk OT - Trace elements COIS- Declarations. Ethics Approval: The study was conducted following ethical standards and scientific integrity. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/06/04 12:29 MHDA- 2026/01/27 19:17 PMCR- 2025/06/04 CRDT- 2025/06/04 11:05 PHST- 2025/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/01/27 19:17 [medline] PHST- 2025/06/04 12:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/04 11:05 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s12011-025-04676-0 [pii] AID - 4676 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12011-025-04676-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biol Trace Elem Res. 2026 Jan;204(1):218-238. doi: 10.1007/s12011-025-04676-0. Epub 2025 Jun 4. PMID- 40444413 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250530 LR - 20260724 IS - 2044-8287 (Electronic) IS - 1359-107X (Print) IS - 1359-107X (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Sep TI - Ambivalence towards food, healthy eating and the role of self-compassion. PG - e12806 LID - 10.1111/bjhp.12806 [doi] LID - e12806 AB - OBJECTIVES: Many people experience ambivalence about food (e.g., broccoli is healthy, but boring; chocolate is tasty, but fattening). However, research examining the link between ambivalence and eating behaviour is scarce and findings are mixed. Self-compassion may influence the extent to which ambivalence is experienced and regulated. In two studies, we investigated the relationship between ambivalence towards healthy and unhealthy food and eating behaviour, and examined the role of self-compassion. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study (Study 1) and a short-term prospective study (Study 2). METHODS: Ambivalence (degree and strength of opposing evaluations) was assessed in relation to images of healthy and unhealthy foods. Study 1 (N = 206) assessed ambivalence, self-compassion and self-reported eating behaviour measures cross-sectionally. Study 2 (N = 155) measured ambivalence and self-compassion at baseline and self-reported eating behaviour measures 3 weeks later. RESULTS: Unhealthy foods elicited more ambivalence than healthy foods. As expected, greater self-compassion was related to healthier eating behaviours and healthy food ambivalence mediated this relationship. Individuals high in self-compassion exhibited less ambivalence to healthy food images, which in turn was related to overall healthier eating patterns. In contrast, ambivalence to unhealthy foods was unrelated to self-compassion and mostly unrelated to the eating behaviour measures. Findings were consistent across both studies. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with higher levels of self-compassion exhibited less ambivalence towards healthy foods (but not unhealthy foods). Although healthy foods generated less ambivalence than unhealthy foods did, greater healthy food ambivalence was consistently related to unhealthier eating behaviour patterns. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). British Journal of Health Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Psychological Society. FAU - Kuijer, Roeline G AU - Kuijer RG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8811-4202 AD - University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. FAU - Tunley, Madeline K AU - Tunley MK AD - University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Br J Health Psychol JT - British journal of health psychology JID - 9605409 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - *Empathy MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - *Self Concept MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - *Food PMC - PMC12123479 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ambivalence OT - healthy eating OT - self-compassion EDAT- 2025/05/30 07:53 MHDA- 2025/05/30 07:54 PMCR- 2025/05/30 CRDT- 2025/05/30 05:23 PHST- 2025/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/30 07:54 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/30 07:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/30 05:23 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BJHP12806 [pii] AID - 10.1111/bjhp.12806 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Health Psychol. 2025 Sep;30(3):e12806. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12806. PMID- 40431393 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250528 LR - 20250531 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 10 DP - 2025 May 12 TI - Gender Moderates the Associations Between Responsiveness to Alarming Oral Sensations, Depressive Symptoms, and Dietary Habits in Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/nu17101653 [doi] LID - 1653 AB - Background/Objectives: As a peripheral effect of depression-related traits, sensory responses may predispose individuals to depressive symptoms by prompting suboptimal dietary patterns with long-term effects on mood. Mood disturbances in adolescence are strong predictors of adult mental illness, making it crucial to identify factors that may shift transient mood fluctuations into more severe mental health issues during this vulnerable period. Given the substantial gender differences in susceptibility to comorbidities of depression, we examined whether the link between sensory perception and depressive symptoms in nonclinical adolescents varied by gender and was related to dietary habits. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 232 healthy adolescents (41.8% girls, aged 13-17) reported their diet over the past year using the EPIC Food Frequency Questionnaire and rated their liking and perceived intensity of oral sensations from four grapefruit juices and dark chocolate puddings with varying sucrose levels. Additionally, participants completed assessments of anxiety, neuroticism, pickiness, body dissatisfaction, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to evaluate depressive symptoms. Results: We found that girls exhibited higher levels of depression, anxiety, neuroticism, and pickiness compared to boys (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test), and that greater responsiveness to bitterness (e.g., beta = 0.264, p = 0.037) and astringency (beta = 0.269, p = 0.029) predicted higher depressive symptoms exclusively in girls. PHQ-9 scores were positively associated with alcohol use in both girls (rho = 0.176, p = 0.003) and boys (rho = 0.148, p = 0.004) and inversely related to the intake of beneficial nutrients (e.g., fiber, polyunsaturated fats), particularly in girls. Intriguingly, moderation analyses suggested that associations between nutrient intake and acuity for alarming oral sensations were largely moderated by depression-related traits in girls, but not in boys. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that gender moderates the links between depressive symptoms, sensory perception, and dietary habits in healthy adolescents, possibly reflecting gender-specific coping strategies for comorbidities of depression. FAU - Menghi, Leonardo AU - Menghi L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8690-0576 AD - Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Via Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy. AD - Department of Green Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark. FAU - Fontana, Lara AU - Fontana L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3191-5188 AD - Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy. FAU - Camarda, Silvia AU - Camarda S AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Endrizzi, Isabella AU - Endrizzi I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0049-4306 AD - Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy. FAU - Concas, Maria Pina AU - Concas MP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3598-2537 AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health, I.R.C.C.S. "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria, 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Gasparini, Paolo AU - Gasparini P AD - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy. AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health, I.R.C.C.S. "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria, 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy. FAU - Gasperi, Flavia AU - Gasperi F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0055-9464 AD - Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Via Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy. AD - Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy. LA - eng GR - ECS00000043/MUR PNRR project iNEST-Interconnected Nord-Est Innovation Ecosystem/ GR - 2132/PRIMA programme - European Union/ GR - Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo/Italian Ministry of Health/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250512 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - *Depression/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Sex Factors MH - Diet/psychology MH - Anxiety/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Food Preferences/psychology PMC - PMC12113894 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - depressive symptoms OT - diet OT - gender OT - oral responsiveness OT - taste COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/05/28 06:29 MHDA- 2025/05/28 06:30 PMCR- 2025/05/12 CRDT- 2025/05/28 01:34 PHST- 2025/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/28 06:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/28 06:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/28 01:34 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu17101653 [pii] AID - nutrients-17-01653 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu17101653 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2025 May 12;17(10):1653. doi: 10.3390/nu17101653. PMID- 40428517 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250531 IS - 2304-8158 (Print) IS - 2304-8158 (Electronic) IS - 2304-8158 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 10 DP - 2025 May 14 TI - Unexpected Cow's Milk Proteins in a "Vegan" Easter Egg as a Cause of Anaphylaxis. LID - 10.3390/foods14101737 [doi] LID - 1737 AB - BACKGROUND: Cow's milk is the most frequent cause of food allergies in children, with caseins and beta-lactoglobulin being considered the main allergens. Concerningly, numerous international agencies have highlighted a growing risk of allergic reactions in milk-allergic individuals after the consumption of products labelled as "vegan". OBJECTIVES: We describe the case of a 3.5-year-old boy with a history of a food allergy to milk who complained of anaphylactic clinical symptoms after eating a vegan Easter egg. The aim of this study was to confirm the cause of the clinical symptoms, searching for the possible presence of milk proteins in the vegan chocolate. METHODS: An experimental approach based on electrophoretic (SDS-PAGE) and immunoenzymatic techniques (ELISA) was applied. RESULTS: SDS-PAGE indicated the presence of milk proteins, which was confirmed and quantified via ELISA (3034 +/- 115 mg/kg). CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained demonstrate that the severe clinical symptoms were due to the unexpected presence of milk proteins in a vegan product, underlining the critical need for rigorous allergen quality control throughout the food industry. FAU - Bani, Corinne AU - Bani C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9736-8746 AD - Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy. FAU - Restani, Patrizia AU - Restani P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3008-5987 AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, Universita degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy. AD - Coordinated Research Center (CRC) "Innovation for Well-Being and Environment" (I-WE), Universita degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy. FAU - Tripodi, Salvatore AU - Tripodi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2517-3285 AD - Allergology Service, Policlinico Casilino Hospital, 00169 Rome, Italy. FAU - Mercogliano, Francesca AU - Mercogliano F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1785-0437 AD - Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy. FAU - Colombo, Francesca AU - Colombo F AD - Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy. FAU - Di Lorenzo, Chiara AU - Di Lorenzo C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2798-8720 AD - Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy. AD - Coordinated Research Center (CRC) "Innovation for Well-Being and Environment" (I-WE), Universita degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250514 PL - Switzerland TA - Foods JT - Foods (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101670569 PMC - PMC12110987 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ELISA assay OT - SDS-PAGE OT - food allergy OT - milk proteins COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/05/28 06:28 MHDA- 2025/05/28 06:29 PMCR- 2025/05/14 CRDT- 2025/05/28 01:15 PHST- 2025/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/28 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/28 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/28 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - foods14101737 [pii] AID - foods-14-01737 [pii] AID - 10.3390/foods14101737 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Foods. 2025 May 14;14(10):1737. doi: 10.3390/foods14101737. PMID- 40401583 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250527 LR - 20250602 IS - 1080-6059 (Electronic) IS - 1080-6040 (Print) IS - 1080-6040 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 6 DP - 2025 Jun TI - Emergence of Oropouche Virus in Espirito Santo State, Brazil, 2024. PG - 1178-1188 LID - 10.3201/eid3106.241946 [doi] AB - Oropouche virus (OROV), historically endemic to the Amazon, had spread to nearly all Brazil states by 2024; Espirito Santo emerged as a transmission hotspot in the Atlantic Forest biome. We characterized the epidemiologic factors driving OROV spread in nonendemic southeast Brazil, analyzing environmental and agricultural conditions contributing to viral transmission. We tested samples from 29,080 suspected arbovirus-infected patients quantitative reverse transcription PCR for OROV and dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and Mayaro viruses. During March‒June 2024, the state had 339 confirmed OROV cases, demonstrating successful local transmission. Spatial analysis revealed that most cases clustered in municipalities with tropical climates and intensive cacao, robusta coffee, coconut, and pepper cultivation. Phylogenetic analysis identified the Espirito Santo OROV strains as part of the 2022-2024 Amazon lineage. The rapid spread of OROV outside the Amazon highlights its adaptive potential and public health threat, emphasizing the need for enhanced surveillance and targeted control measures. FAU - Delatorre, Edson AU - Delatorre E FAU - de Mendonca, Gabriela Colombo AU - de Mendonca GC FAU - Gatti, Felipe Donateli AU - Gatti FD FAU - Co, Anna Clara Gregorio AU - Co ACG FAU - Del Piero Pereira, Julia AU - Del Piero Pereira J FAU - Tavares, Eric Arrivabene AU - Tavares EA FAU - Nodari, Joana Zorzal AU - Nodari JZ FAU - Rossi, Agata AU - Rossi A FAU - de Azevedo, Suwellen Sardinha Dias AU - de Azevedo SSD FAU - Sacchi, Claudio Tavares AU - Sacchi CT FAU - Campos, Karoline Rodrigues AU - Campos KR FAU - Bugno, Adriana AU - Bugno A FAU - Rebello Alves, Lyvia Neves AU - Rebello Alves LN FAU - Bonela, Lucas Andre Silva AU - Bonela LAS FAU - Goulart, Jaqueline Pegoretti AU - Goulart JP FAU - de Jesus Sousa, Thiago AU - de Jesus Sousa T FAU - Naveca, Felipe Gomes AU - Naveca FG FAU - Ribeiro-Rodrigues, Rodrigo AU - Ribeiro-Rodrigues R LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250522 PL - United States TA - Emerg Infect Dis JT - Emerging infectious diseases JID - 9508155 RN - Oropouche orthobunyavirus SB - IM MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - *Bunyaviridae Infections/epidemiology/virology/transmission/history MH - *Orthobunyavirus/genetics/classification/isolation & purification MH - Phylogeny MH - *Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology/virology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC12123935 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brazil OT - Oropouche virus OT - arboviruses OT - climate OT - disease outbreaks OT - epidemiology OT - symptoms OT - vector-borne infections OT - viruses EDAT- 2025/05/22 12:30 MHDA- 2025/05/27 18:28 PMCR- 2025/06/01 CRDT- 2025/05/22 06:33 PHST- 2025/05/27 18:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/22 12:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/22 06:33 [entrez] PHST- 2025/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 24-1946 [pii] AID - 10.3201/eid3106.241946 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Jun;31(6):1178-1188. doi: 10.3201/eid3106.241946. Epub 2025 May 22. PMID- 40401325 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250522 LR - 20250524 IS - 1750-3841 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1147 (Print) IS - 0022-1147 (Linking) VI - 90 IP - 5 DP - 2025 May TI - Comparison Analyses of Consumer Acceptance, Evoked Emotions, and Purchase Intent Between Gluten-Containing Versus Gluten-Free Chocolate Chip Cookie Products. PG - e70276 LID - 10.1111/1750-3841.70276 [doi] LID - e70276 AB - The demand for gluten-free products has increased significantly over the past few decades. This study aimed to determine differences in consumer acceptance, emotional responses, and purchase intent between gluten-containing versus gluten-free chocolate chip cookies. Twelve commercially available chocolate chip cookie products from 11 brands were evaluated, including 7 gluten-free and 5 gluten-containing options. Eighty-nine participants without celiac disease took part in this 2-day study, evaluating six cookies per day. Participants rated sensory acceptance (appearance, flavor, texture, and overall liking) using a 9-point hedonic scale and evaluated specific sensory attributes (chocolate flavor, sweetness, chewiness, and hardness) using a 5-point just-about-right (JAR) scale. Emotional responses were measured using a circumplex-inspired emotion questionnaire, and purchase intent was rated on a 9-point scale. Results showed that gluten-free cookies received significantly lower hedonic ratings for flavor, texture, and overall impression compared to gluten-containing cookies (p < 0.05). Among gluten-free samples, 44.14%, 34.03%, 21.99%, and 43.02% of participants rated chocolate flavor, sweetness, hardness, and chewiness, respectively, as "too little," whereas 38.04% rated hardness as "too much." These deviations from ideal intensities significantly reduced overall liking for the gluten-free cookies samples (p < 0.05). Additionally, gluten-free cookies more frequently elicited negative valence-related emotions, such as "blue/uninspired," "unhappy/dissatisfied," "tense/bothered," and "jittery/nervous," and were associated with lower purchase intent scores (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings indicate that most gluten-free cookies evaluated in this study remain less favored than their gluten-containing counterparts in terms of consumer acceptance, evoked emotions, and purchase intent. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: These findings provide valuable guidance for product developers and sensory professionals aiming to enhance the quality of gluten-free cookies. Improving key sensory attributes, especially flavor and texture (chocolate flavor, sweetness, hardness, and chewiness), has the potential to significantly increase consumer acceptance and emotional satisfaction. Enhancing the sensory and emotional appeal of gluten-free products can elevate both the diversity and quality of options available on the market, ultimately benefiting consumers who require gluten-free diets by offering a wider selection of enjoyable and emotionally satisfying products. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Food Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Institute of Food Technologists. FAU - Frauenhoffer, Shaelyn AU - Frauenhoffer S AD - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. FAU - Ola, Eniola AU - Ola E AD - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. FAU - Jervis, Suzanne AU - Jervis S AD - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. AD - Sam's Club, Bentonville, Arkansas, USA. FAU - Gauch, Susan E AU - Gauch SE AD - Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. FAU - Seo, Han-Seok AU - Seo HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9845-8199 AD - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. LA - eng GR - The University of Arkansas Honors College Research Grant/ GR - 7001030/The United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Act funding/ PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Food Sci JT - Journal of food science JID - 0014052 RN - 8002-80-0 (Glutens) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - *Glutens/analysis MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - Adult MH - Taste MH - *Emotions MH - Young Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Diet, Gluten-Free/psychology MH - Food Preferences MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC12096277 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cookie OT - emotion OT - gluten OT - gluten-free OT - sensory COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/05/22 06:28 MHDA- 2025/05/22 06:29 PMCR- 2025/05/22 CRDT- 2025/05/22 04:36 PHST- 2025/04/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/22 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/22 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/22 04:36 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFDS70276 [pii] AID - 10.1111/1750-3841.70276 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Food Sci. 2025 May;90(5):e70276. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.70276. PMID- 40401313 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250522 LR - 20250524 IS - 1750-3841 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1147 (Print) IS - 0022-1147 (Linking) VI - 90 IP - 5 DP - 2025 May TI - Variations in Sensory and Emotional Responses to Gluten-Containing and Gluten-Free Cookie Products Under Blind and Labeled Conditions. PG - e70273 LID - 10.1111/1750-3841.70273 [doi] LID - e70273 AB - The gluten-free food market is expanding rapidly. However, consumer acceptance and emotional responses to gluten-free food, especially commercially available products, have received relatively underexplored. This study aimed to determine how consumer perceptions, acceptance, and emotional responses differ between gluten-containing (C) and gluten-free (F) chocolate chip cookies from three brands under both blind and labeled conditions. In the labeled condition, 84 participants without celiac disease evaluated 3 F cookies labeled "gluten-free" and 3 C cookies presented without claims on a plain white card. In the blind condition, they tested the six cookies without labels. Participants provided hedonic ratings, Just-About-Right (JAR) ratings, and checked their emotional responses for each cookie. Results showed that participants liked the texture and overall aspects of the C cookies more than their F counterparts. Significant variations were observed in hedonic ratings of appearance, flavor, texture, and overall impression between C and F cookies, with brand playing a notable role. Although the gluten condition had a minimal effect on emotional responses to C and F cookies, this impact varied by brand. The influence of gluten-free labeling on sensory and emotional responses to C and F cookies was limited. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that sensory and emotional responses to gluten-containing versus gluten-free cookies can differ significantly across brands, and gluten-free claims had little impact on these responses. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Our study revealed that gluten-free cookies from some brands can rival their gluten-containing counterparts. However, there is still room for improvement in the sensory quality of gluten-free products, particularly regarding texture. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Food Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Institute of Food Technologists. FAU - Ola, Eniola AU - Ola E AD - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. FAU - Seo, Han-Seok AU - Seo HS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9845-8199 AD - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. LA - eng GR - U.S. Department of Agriculture/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Food Sci JT - Journal of food science JID - 0014052 RN - 8002-80-0 (Glutens) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Glutens/analysis MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Food Labeling MH - Adult MH - *Diet, Gluten-Free/psychology MH - Consumer Behavior MH - *Emotions MH - Young Adult MH - Taste MH - Middle Aged MH - Chocolate/analysis MH - Adolescent MH - Cooking PMC - PMC12096274 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cookie OT - emotion OT - gluten OT - gluten-free OT - label OT - sensory COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/05/22 06:28 MHDA- 2025/05/22 06:29 PMCR- 2025/05/22 CRDT- 2025/05/22 04:36 PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/01/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/22 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/22 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/22 04:36 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFDS70273 [pii] AID - 10.1111/1750-3841.70273 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Food Sci. 2025 May;90(5):e70273. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.70273. PMID- 40378892 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250907 LR - 20260525 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 214 DP - 2025 Oct 1 TI - Are all cultured foods created Equal? Exploring consumer reactions to Sustainable alternatives for climate-Friendly diets. PG - 108035 LID - S0195-6663(25)00188-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108035 [doi] AB - The devastating environmental impact of traditional agricultural practices has ignited interest in cellular agriculture-a novel method of sampling cells from living source organisms and cultivating them in a controlled laboratory environment to produce a food product. Although research and development of cultured foods is rapidly increasing, little is known about consumers' perceptions of cultured foods beyond an exemplar product-cultured meat. This study provides a first gauge of consumers' perceptions and categorization of cultured-food products from different cell sources, and a comparative assessment of the psychological barriers to their acceptance. In a representative sample of N = 302 UK-based adults, the study explores the implicit categorization and acceptance of 16 cultured food products, including cultured plants (e.g., cacao), cultured non-flesh animal-sourced foods (e.g., milk), cultured aquatic animal-flesh (e.g., fish), and cultured terrestrial animal-flesh (e.g., beef). Results revealed that consumers implicitly categorize cultured foods into two broad groups: (1) cultured meat and (2) cultured non-meat. The study demonstrated that common acceptance barriers associated with cultured meat-disgust and perceived unnaturalness-were substantially more pronounced for cultured meat products than for cultured non-meat products. While experiencing disgust toward both cultured meat and non-meat foods was strongly associated with reduced willingness to try these foods, perceived unnaturalness was only weakly associated with willingness to try cultured food products. Study findings suggest that consumers do not perceive all cultured food products as equal, highlighting a timely opportunity for scholars to examine the distinct factors motivating sustainability through cultured-food acceptance. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Herziger, Atar AU - Herziger A AD - Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion, Bloomfield Building, Technion, 32000, Israel. Electronic address: atarherziger@technion.ac.il. FAU - Tesler, Stav AU - Tesler S AD - Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion, Bloomfield Building, Technion, 32000, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250514 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - Middle Aged MH - Animals MH - Young Adult MH - United Kingdom MH - *Diet/psychology MH - Aged MH - Meat MH - Adolescent COIS- Declaration of competing interest I, the corresponding author, approve on behalf of all authors that we have no financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence or bias this work. EDAT- 2025/05/17 17:02 MHDA- 2025/09/08 00:33 CRDT- 2025/05/16 19:34 PHST- 2024/12/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/09/08 00:33 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/17 17:02 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/16 19:34 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(25)00188-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108035 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2025 Oct 1;214:108035. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108035. Epub 2025 May 14. PMID- 40368267 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250703 LR - 20260714 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Print) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 122 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jul TI - Effect of age and sex on the urinary elimination of a single dose of mixed flavonoids: results from a single-arm intervention in healthy United Kingdom adults. PG - 101-111 LID - S0002-9165(25)00258-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.05.006 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Nutrition intervention trials demonstrate that increased flavonoid intake can have clinically meaningful impacts on disease outcomes/biomarkers; however, high variability in absorption and metabolism and large heterogeneity in biochemical and physiological responses are observed. The etiology of this variability is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the relationships between sex, age, and microbiota speciation on mixed flavonoid elimination over 24 h. METHODS: Healthy males and females (n = 163) prospectively recruited on the basis of age (18-30 y or 65-77 y) and sex consumed a standardized flavonoid-rich test meal providing 640-mg cocoa/chocolate flavan-3-ols, 340-mg citrus flavanones, and 390-mg blackberry anthocyanins. Urinary samples collected at baseline (-24 to 0 h), 0 to 3.5 h, >3.5 h to 7 h, and >7 to 24 h were analyzed for flavonoids and their metabolites by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Stool microbiome speciation was determined via Illumina sequencing. Linear mixed-effect models were used to assess differences in cumulative excretion across age and sex with time-by-group interaction taken as the principal analysis of effect. RESULTS: There were no group (older females, older males, younger females, and younger males) differences in total 24 h urinary metabolite recovery, but there was a trend toward a higher rate of cumulative recovery in older males versus younger males at 24 h (P-group at 24h = 0.06). Of 76 metabolites, 20 had significantly different times of maximum urine excretion (Tmax) by age and 9 by sex, with a later mean Tmax observed for older participants (92% of instances). Associations with age were not mediated by body mass index (BMI) or microbiome speciation. Significant differences in maximum urine excretion (Cmax) by sex were observed for only 6 metabolites and differences by age for 5 metabolites. CONCLUSION: Total elimination recovery of (poly)phenols was relatively consistent across age and sex groups, whereas elimination kinetics (Tmax) differed substantially being much later in older indivudals, possibly resulting from differences in intestinal transit time or kidney clearance. Assuming (poly)phenol metabolites have varying biological activities, establishing dose-response relationships and defining metabolite profiles in population subgroups is required to inform the future development of dietary flavonoid/(poly)phenol recommendations. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01922869. CI - Copyright (c) 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Kay, Colin D AU - Kay CD AD - Department of Paediatrics, Arkansas Children's Research Institute - Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States. Electronic address: ckay@uams.edu. AD - Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom FAU - Tejera, Noemi AU - Tejera N AD - Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom FAU - Jennings, Amy AU - Jennings A AD - Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom AD - Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland FAU - Haldar, Sumanto AU - Haldar S AD - Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom FAU - Diment, Bethany C AU - Diment BC AD - Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom FAU - Bevan, Damon AU - Bevan D AD - Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom AD - School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom FAU - Crossman, Lisa C AU - Crossman LC AD - SequenceAnalysis.co.uk, NRP Innovation Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom FAU - Li, Sherly AU - Li S AD - Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia AD - Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom FAU - Cassidy, Aedin AU - Cassidy A AD - Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom AD - Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland FAU - Minihane, Anne-Marie AU - Minihane AM AD - Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom AD - Norwich Institute of Healthy Ageing, Norwich, United Kingdom LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01922869 PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20250512 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 RN - 0 (Flavonoids) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Feces/microbiology MH - *Flavonoids/urine/administration & dosage/pharmacokinetics MH - Gastrointestinal Microbiome MH - Sex Factors MH - United Kingdom PMC - PMC12489340 OTO - NOTNLM OT - absorption OT - excretion OT - flavonoids OT - genes OT - gut microflora OT - metabolism OT - polyphenols COIS- Conflict of interest AMM reports was provided by University of East Anglia Norwich Medical School. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/05/15 00:36 MHDA- 2025/07/04 00:27 PMCR- 2025/05/12 CRDT- 2025/05/14 19:36 PHST- 2024/12/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/07/04 00:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/15 00:36 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/14 19:36 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0002-9165(25)00258-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.05.006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2025 Jul;122(1):101-111. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.05.006. Epub 2025 May 12. PMID- 40329210 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250507 LR - 20250509 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 May 6 TI - Bloodstream infections with emphasis on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized and Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. PG - 663 LID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11074-3 [doi] LID - 663 AB - BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of bloodstream infections worldwide. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus is becoming more prevalent in bacteremia and septicemia cases. Thus, this study determined Staphylococcal bacteremia, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates in Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on all age bloodstream suspected patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized and Referral Hospital from January 1th 2022 to June 30th, 2022. Data were collected using a designed data extraction tool. Blood samples were collected and inoculated to a sterile Tryptic Soya Broth. Bottles with bacterial growth were subcultured to blood agar, chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and mannitol salt agar plates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. The data were entered using Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. RESULTS: Among 1200 patients included in this study, 719 (59.9%) were males. The prevalence of S. aureus and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus was 26.2% (111/424) and 68.5% (76/111), respectively. The blood culture growth rate was 35.3% (424/1200). Among the isolated organisms, Gram-positive cocci account for 217 (51.2%) and Gram-negative bacilli were 173 (41.0%). Among S. aureus isolates, 63.7% were sensitive to gentamicin and 91.9% were resistant to penicillin. A high prevalence of bacteremia was found in males (60.1%) and ward locations at the neonatal intensive care unit (57.1%). Specifically, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus was highly prevalent in males, followed by pediatric age groups, and neonatal intensive care unit, which were 59.2%, 56.6%, and 44.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In this study, the prevalence of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteremia was high, indicating its spread in hospital settings such as intensive care units. This requires routine detection, molecular characterization of mecA gene, and improved infection prevention at the healthcare facility. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Worku, Minichil AU - Worku M AD - University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized and Referral Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Belay, Solomon AU - Belay S AD - University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized and Referral Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Molla, Tigist AU - Molla T AD - University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized and Referral Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Amare, Azanaw AU - Amare A AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Tigabie, Mitkie AU - Tigabie M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Almagharbeh, Wesam Taher AU - Almagharbeh WT AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Assefa, Muluneh AU - Assefa M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. mulunehassefa2010@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250506 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/isolation & purification MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology/microbiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - *Bacteremia/epidemiology/microbiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Aged MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC12054027 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bloodstream infection OT - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus OT - Northwest Ethiopia COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical permission to conduct this study was obtained from the ethical review committee of the School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar. Informed consent was obtained from each study participant and their legal guardians after describing the purpose of the study. Information concerning the participants was kept confidential and specimens collected from them were used only for the intended purposes. All procedures in this study were conducted following the amended Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/05/07 00:28 MHDA- 2025/05/07 06:28 PMCR- 2025/05/06 CRDT- 2025/05/06 23:36 PHST- 2024/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/05/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/07 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/07 00:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/06 23:36 [entrez] PHST- 2025/05/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11074-3 [pii] AID - 11074 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-11074-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2025 May 6;25(1):663. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11074-3. PMID- 40317434 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250503 LR - 20261010 IS - 1573-6555 (Electronic) IS - 0090-6905 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 3 DP - 2025 May 3 TI - The Power of Words: Using Persuasive Texts to Manipulate Teens' and Adults' Preferred Type of Chocolate. PG - 29 LID - 10.1007/s10936-025-10142-8 [doi] AB - Persuasive texts aim to impact readers' behaviors through linguistic manipulations. Advertisements, for example, attempt to convince consumers to prefer and purchase a certain product or service. The objective of this study was to examine whether persuasive texts impact people differently than informational texts and whether the former can lead to behavioral changes in the short term. The 135 teenagers and young adults who participated in the study were asked to taste two different types of chocolate spread that were, in fact, the same. The research groups were asked to read a persuasive text about the product before tasting Chocolate #1 and an informational text before tasting Chocolate #2. On the other hand, the control groups were asked to read informational texts before tasting both "flavors". The results showed that both teenagers and adults were influenced by the persuasive texts when choosing their preferred flavor, yet to a different degree. These findings lead to a discussion about the power of words in shaping consciousness and minds. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Argaman, Osnat AU - Argaman O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6061-9580 AD - The Hebrew Language Department, Gordon College of Education, 73 Tshernihovski St., Haifa, Israel. oargaman@gordon.ac.il. AD - Middle Eastern Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, 204 W 21St, Calhoun hall, Austin, 78712, USA. oargaman@gordon.ac.il. AD - , Austin, USA. oargaman@gordon.ac.il. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250503 PL - United States TA - J Psycholinguist Res JT - Journal of psycholinguistic research JID - 0333506 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Chocolate MH - *Persuasive Communication MH - Male MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *Reading MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - Taste MH - *Choice Behavior MH - Psycholinguistics OTO - NOTNLM OT - Language education OT - Language manipulation OT - Language of advertising OT - Persuading OT - Persuasive texts OT - Psycholinguistics OT - Psychology of language OT - Rhetoric COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: There is no conflict of interest for this submission. EDAT- 2025/05/03 22:23 MHDA- 2025/05/03 22:24 CRDT- 2025/05/03 11:18 PHST- 2025/03/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/05/03 22:24 [medline] PHST- 2025/05/03 22:23 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/05/03 11:18 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s10936-025-10142-8 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10936-025-10142-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Psycholinguist Res. 2025 May 3;54(3):29. doi: 10.1007/s10936-025-10142-8. PMID- 40263852 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250423 LR - 20250423 IS - 1873-7145 (Electronic) IS - 0963-9969 (Linking) VI - 208 DP - 2025 May TI - Packaging colour and consumer expectations: Insights from specialty coffee. PG - 116222 LID - S0963-9969(25)00559-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116222 [doi] AB - Packaging and labelling of food and beverages play a critical role in attracting consumer attention and shaping sensory and hedonic expectations. This study examined the impact of sixteen coffee packaging colours, varying in hue and saturation, on specialty coffee consumers' expectations through an online survey. A total of 238 participants rated their expectations regarding coffee aroma, flavour, acidity, sweetness, bitterness, body, roast level, and overall liking. They also evaluated associations between colours and flavour profiles, as well as affective (e.g., modern, sophisticated) and utilitarian (e.g., organic, decaffeinated) concepts. Using repeated-measures MANOVA, principal component analysis, and correspondence analysis, the study identified clear patterns in how colours influence consumer expectations. The results revealed that pink elicited expectations of sweetness and berry or floral flavour notes, while brown was associated with bitterness, dark roast, intense aroma, and cocoa flavour notes. Additionally, colours such as pink and green conveyed affective meanings (e.g., modern) and utilitarian values (e.g., organic), respectively. These findings demonstrate the potential of using packaging colours strategically to align sensory and conceptual expectations with product characteristics. The insights are particularly relevant for the specialty coffee sector aiming to differentiate their offerings and appeal to specific consumer segments through optimised packaging design, contributing both to producers in coffee-producing countries by making their products more attractive to consumers, and to importers of specialty coffee in a highly competitive market that seeks differentiation. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Carvalho, Fabiana M AU - Carvalho FM AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. Electronic address: bibimesq@gmail.com. FAU - Forner, Renata A S AU - Forner RAS AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. FAU - Ferreira, Eric B AU - Ferreira EB AD - Statistics Department, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, Brazil. FAU - Behrens, Jorge H AU - Behrens JH AD - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250313 PL - Canada TA - Food Res Int JT - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) JID - 9210143 RN - 0 (Coffee) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Coffee MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Color MH - Taste MH - Young Adult MH - *Food Packaging/methods MH - Middle Aged MH - Odorants/analysis MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adolescent MH - *Food Preferences MH - Principal Component Analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Crossmodal OT - Expectations OT - Multisensory OT - Packaging OT - Specialty coffee COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Fabiana M Carvalho reports article publishing charges and travel were provided by Coffee Science Foundation. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/04/23 06:26 MHDA- 2025/04/23 12:27 CRDT- 2025/04/23 01:01 PHST- 2024/11/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/23 12:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/23 06:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/23 01:01 [entrez] AID - S0963-9969(25)00559-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116222 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Res Int. 2025 May;208:116222. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116222. Epub 2025 Mar 13. PMID- 40253548 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260212 LR - 20261009 IS - 1432-1971 (Electronic) IS - 0172-0643 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 3 DP - 2026 Mar TI - Association of Screen Time Activities with Lifestyle Behaviors in Middle-School Children. PG - 959-967 LID - 10.1007/s00246-025-03862-0 [doi] AB - Research analyzing the link between different screen time activities and childhood health have had varied results. We examined the relationship between total screen time and subtype to beneficial diet and physical activity behaviors (BDPAB) in middle-school children. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 110 middle schools participating in a school-based health program between September 2013 and February 2023. Based on self-reported health behavior surveys, data from 12,751 sixth graders were available for analysis. BDPAB included /= 1 servings/day of fruits or vegetables; >/= 1 day/week physical education class; >/= 1 out-of-school sport/year; >/= 1 team sport/year, and >/= 1 session/week of moderate to vigorous activity. Independent of media subtype (television, computer, video game, mobile device), consuming > 2 h of screen time was associated with lower odds of all BDPAB, with the exception of physical education class participation. Both moderate screen time (4 - < 8 h) and high screen time (>/= 8 h) usage were associated with lower odds of performing the majority of BDPAB. Temporal trends (2013-2014, 2015-2016, 2017-2019, and 2020-2023) revealed an upward trend of BDPAB up until the COVID-19 pandemic, in which the proportion of students exhibiting BDPAB decreased. Increasing use of screen time, regardless of modality, is associated with reduced frequency of BDPAB. These findings re-enforce the potential negative impact of extensive screen use. Promoting balanced and healthy screen habits represents a potential intervention to promote BDAPB. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Sang, Charlie J 3rd AU - Sang CJ 3rd AD - Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. FAU - Vuong, Belinda W AU - Vuong BW AD - Providence Spokane Cardiology, Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center, Spokane, WA, USA. FAU - Pai, Chih-Wen AU - Pai CW AD - Michigan Clinical Outcomes Research and Reporting Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Krallman, Rachel H AU - Krallman RH AD - Michigan Clinical Outcomes Research and Reporting Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Kline-Rogers, Eva AU - Kline-Rogers E AD - Michigan Clinical Outcomes Research and Reporting Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - DuRussel-Weston, Jean AU - DuRussel-Weston J AD - M-Healthy, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Eagle, Kim A AU - Eagle KA AD - Michigan Clinical Outcomes Research and Reporting Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. AD - Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Jackson, Elizabeth A AU - Jackson EA AD - Michigan Clinical Outcomes Research and Reporting Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. eajackson@uabmc.edu. AD - Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 701 19th Street South, Suite, LHRB 318, Birmingham, 35294-0007, AL, USA. eajackson@uabmc.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250419 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Cardiol JT - Pediatric cardiology JID - 8003849 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Screen Time MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - *Exercise MH - *Health Behavior MH - *Life Style MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Schools OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent health OT - Lifestyle behaviors OT - Screen time OT - Sedentary habits COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interests: Dr. Jackson reports research funding from NIH and Amgen; editorial board membership: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes; consulting: American College of Cardiology and McKesson, Inc.; Expert witness for DeBlase Brown Everly LLP.; and royalties for UpToDate. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose. Ethical Approval: This study underwent full board review and obtained Institutional Review Board approval at the University of Michigan. EDAT- 2025/04/20 00:44 MHDA- 2026/02/12 20:33 CRDT- 2025/04/19 23:26 PHST- 2025/02/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/12 20:33 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/20 00:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/19 23:26 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00246-025-03862-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00246-025-03862-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Cardiol. 2026 Mar;47(3):959-967. doi: 10.1007/s00246-025-03862-0. Epub 2025 Apr 19. PMID- 40249613 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250418 LR - 20250813 IS - 2574-3805 (Electronic) IS - 2574-3805 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Apr 1 TI - Legalizing Youth-Friendly Cannabis Edibles and Extracts and Adolescent Cannabis Use. PG - e255819 LID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.5819 [doi] LID - e255819 AB - IMPORTANCE: A year after dried cannabis was legalized across Canada in October 2018, Canadian provinces except Quebec legalized sales of cannabis edibles and extracts, including youth-friendly edibles such as cannabis chocolates, candies, and desserts and cannabis vaping products. Little is known about the association of this legalization with adolescent cannabis use. OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in adolescent cannabis use and cannabis harm perceptions associated with the legalization of youth-friendly cannabis edibles and extracts in Canada. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This serial cross-sectional study analyzed data from students in grades 7 to 11 who participated in the nationally representative Canadian Student Tobacco Alcohol and Drugs Surveys in 2018 to 2019 and 2021 to 2022. A differences-in-differences design compared changes in outcomes in provinces that legalized cannabis edibles and extracts with changes in Quebec where youth-friendly cannabis edibles and cannabis vaping products were banned. Data were analyzed from June 2024 to January 2025. EXPOSURE: Legalization of youth-friendly cannabis edibles and extracts across provinces in Canada (except Quebec) in October 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcomes were cannabis use in the past 12 months, past 12-month use of edible cannabis use, cannabis smoking, cannabis vaping, and co-use of alcohol and cannabis. Secondary outcomes were perception of harm from occasional and regular cannabis use. RESULTS: In the study sample of 106 032 students in grades 7 to 11 (54 441 male [weighted percentage, 51.3%]), between 2018 to 2019 and 2021 to 2022, past 12-month cannabis use increased from 14.6% (6081 of 41 477 students) to 15.9% (6163 of 38 675 students) and use of edible cannabis increased from 7.9% (3268 of 41 373 students) to 9.5% (3678 of 38 556 students) in provinces that legalized youth-friendly cannabis edibles and extracts. Meanwhile, past 12-month cannabis use declined from 17.4% (2264 of 13 030 students) to 15.6% (1960 of 12 550 students) and use of edible cannabis declined from 7.3% (955 of 13 002 students) to 5.9% (739 of 12 533 students) in Quebec. Regression analyses indicated that the legalization was associated with a 3.8 percentage point (95% CI, 1.1 to 6.6 percentage points; P = .01) or 26% increase in past 12-month cannabis use and a 3.4 percentage point (95% CI, 1.9 to 4.9 percentage points; P = .001) or 43% increase in use of cannabis edibles among adolescents. While there was no statistically significant change in cannabis vaping associated with the legalization, cannabis smoking increased by 4.4 percentage points (95% CI, 1.8 to 7.0 percentage points; P = .004) or 34% and co-use of alcohol and cannabis increased by 2.4 percentage points (95% CI, 0.5 to 4.3 percentage points; P = .02) or 28%. The legalization was also associated with a lower perception of harm from occasional cannabis use. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this serial cross-sectional study of adolescents in grades 7 to 11, legalization of cannabis edibles and extracts was associated with an increase not only in edible cannabis use and cannabis smoking, but also in the overall prevalence of cannabis use and co-use of alcohol and cannabis, highlighting the need for stricter policy measures to curb adolescents' access to cannabis edibles and extracts and greater awareness among adolescents about harms of cannabis use. FAU - Mital, Shweta AU - Mital S AD - College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. FAU - Nguyen, Hai V AU - Nguyen HV AD - School of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250401 PL - United States TA - JAMA Netw Open JT - JAMA network open JID - 101729235 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Canada/epidemiology MH - *Cannabis MH - *Marijuana Use/legislation & jurisprudence/epidemiology MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology MH - *Marijuana Smoking/epidemiology/legislation & jurisprudence MH - Students/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC12008758 COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported. EDAT- 2025/04/18 12:29 MHDA- 2025/04/18 12:30 PMCR- 2025/04/18 CRDT- 2025/04/18 11:32 PHST- 2025/04/18 12:30 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/18 12:29 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/18 11:32 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2832970 [pii] AID - zoi250241 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.5819 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Apr 1;8(4):e255819. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.5819. PMID- 40236324 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250416 LR - 20250417 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2025 TI - Food neophobia among university students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional survey of prevalence and predictor analysis. PG - 1571899 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1571899 [doi] LID - 1571899 AB - INTRODUCTION: Due to the absence of scientific information on food neophobia (i.e., fear or reluctance to try new or unfamiliar foods) among young adults in Saudi Arabia, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of food neophobia in Saudi university students. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 480 students from two public universities of Saudi Arabia. The data was collected via an internet-based structured questionnaire. Participants' sociodemographic, health and behavioral information were included as explanatory variables (15 variables). Participants' food neophobia was assessed using a10-item validated food neophobia scale. A logistic regression model was fitted to find out the predictors of food neophobia. RESULTS: Approximately half of the participants (49.6%) exhibited food neophobia. Participants who engaged in regular physical exercise had a lower risk of developing food neophobia than their counterparts (AOR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.20-0.92). Participants with food allergies (AOR: 4.36, 95%CI: 2.73-6.94) and disordered eating attitudes (AOR: 2.52, 95%CI: 1.27-5.02) and who took dietary supplements (AOR: 6.76, 95%CI: 3.54-12.90) were more likely to be food neophobic. Moreover, participants' preferences for fish and sea food (r(s) = -0.150), milk and dairy products (r(s) = -0.309,), chocolate and candies (r(s) = -0.329) and snacks, chips, and nuts (r(s) = -0.166) were significantly correlated with food neophobia. CONCLUSION: A higher level of food neophobia was observed among surveyed university students in Saudi Arabia. Several factors, such as regular physical exercise, food allergies, dietary supplement consumption, and disordered eating attitudes, were found to be associated with food neophobia. To provide empirical evidence on food neophobia, additional research with large and representative samples could be performed in other regions of Saudi Arabia. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Alshahrani. FAU - Alshahrani, Najim Z AU - Alshahrani NZ AD - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250401 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Male MH - Universities MH - Young Adult MH - Prevalence MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Food Preferences/psychology PMC - PMC11996773 OTO - NOTNLM OT - eating disorder OT - eating habits OT - food neophobia OT - food preference OT - students COIS- The author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/04/16 06:19 MHDA- 2025/04/16 06:20 PMCR- 2025/04/01 CRDT- 2025/04/16 05:24 PHST- 2025/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/16 06:20 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/16 06:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/16 05:24 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1571899 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2025 Apr 1;13:1571899. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1571899. eCollection 2025. PMID- 40175931 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250515 LR - 20260127 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Apr 2 TI - Nutritional quality and on-package marketing of pre-packaged foods and non-alcoholic beverages for sale in Senegalese supermarkets. PG - 1238 LID - 10.1186/s12889-025-22295-1 [doi] LID - 1238 AB - BACKGROUND: The high availability and marketing of unhealthy foods has contributed to unhealthy diets. Unhealthy diets are a major risk factor for a range of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the availability and marketing of pre-packaged foods haven't been assessed in Senegal. Nutrient profiling models have been developed to identify less healthy foods that could be subject to marketing restrictions, particularly when targeted at children. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional quality and on-pack promotion of pre-packaged food sold in major supermarkets in Senegal using the Nutrient Profile Model for the WHO African Region (NPM-WHO/AR), the Nutri-Score labelling system and the NOVA classification. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two major supermarkets in Dakar between August and September 2021. Data were collected for all pre-packaged foods, with the exception of the fresh food and alcoholic beverages categories. Pre-packaged foods were classified into fifteen food categories and five beverage categories according to the NPM-WHO/AR, with the exception of the categories "fresh and frozen meat, fish and sea food" and "fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables, legumes and tubers". Nutritional information was extracted from product labels and products were evaluated using 3 classification systems: NPM-WHO/AR, Nova classification as an indicator of the degree of food processing and Nutri-Score, a nutritional labelling system based on a 5-colour scale from dark green to red, associated with letters ranging from A (high nutritional quality) to E (low nutritional quality), established according to nutritional value and fruits, vegetables and legumes content. Depending on the classification system used, foods were rated on the basis of the nutritional information declared as relevant for this rating. Thus, 5,542 products were evaluated for their nutritional composition, 5,280 products were evaluated according to the NPM-WHO/AR and 5,407 products were evaluated according to both the Nutri-Score and the Nova classification. A pre-packaged food was classified as "non-permitted" to be marketed to children if the content of defined nutrients exceeded the threshold set in the model for the corresponding product category. Data analysis was performed using RStudio. RESULTS: Ultra-processed foods (71.1%) and processed foods (18.8%) were the most common in Senegalese supermarkets. According to the Nutri-Score, pre-packaged foods were most frequently classified as Nutri-Score D (24.4%) and Nutri-Score E (22.1%). Almost 63.3% of the products were classified as non-permitted to be marketed to children according to the NPM-WHO/AR. Of these foods, 12.5% had on-pack promotions. Non-permitted foods to be marketed to children with the highest number of on-pack promotions were "breakfast cereals" (50.0%), "chocolate and sugar confectionery" (31.3%), "milk and dairy based drinks" (28.1%) and "cakes, sweet biscuits and pastries" (17.7%). However, the comparison between the NPM-WHO/AR and the Nutri-Score showed that some NPM-WHO/AR prohibited foods were classified into Nutri-Score A and B. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that pre-packaged foods available in major supermarkets in Senegal are predominantly non-permitted to be marketed to children. In the context of increasing levels of obesity and diet-related NCDs, effective policies should be established to regulate the promotion of these foods. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Onifade, Yassarath AU - Onifade Y AD - Laboratoire de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation Humaine (LARNAH), Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal. yassarathmodoukpe.onifade@ucad.edu.sn. FAU - Diouf, Adama AU - Diouf A AD - Laboratoire de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation Humaine (LARNAH), Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal. FAU - Faye, Mane Helene AU - Faye MH AD - Laboratoire de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation Humaine (LARNAH), Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal. FAU - Fall, Fatou AU - Fall F AD - Laboratoire de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation Humaine (LARNAH), Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal. FAU - Sacks, Gary AU - Sacks G AD - Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition (GLOBE), Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Idohou-Dossou, Nicole AU - Idohou-Dossou N AD - Laboratoire de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation Humaine (LARNAH), Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal. FAU - Swinburn, Boyd AU - Swinburn B AD - Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition (GLOBE), Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia. AD - School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. FAU - Vandevijvere, Stefanie AU - Vandevijvere S AD - Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250402 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - *Nutritive Value MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Senegal MH - *Food Markets MH - *Marketing/statistics & numerical data MH - *Food Labeling MH - *Beverages/statistics & numerical data MH - *Food Packaging MH - *Fast Foods PMC - PMC11963261 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Nutritional quality OT - On-pack promotion OT - Pre-packaged foods OT - Senegal OT - Supermarkets COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Hypermarkets Directors and Managers provided informed consent to Laboratoire de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation Humaine (LARNAH) to participate in this study. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/04/03 00:25 MHDA- 2025/04/03 18:25 PMCR- 2025/04/02 CRDT- 2025/04/02 23:46 PHST- 2024/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/03 18:25 [medline] PHST- 2025/04/03 00:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/04/02 23:46 [entrez] PHST- 2025/04/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-22295-1 [pii] AID - 22295 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-025-22295-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2025 Apr 2;25(1):1238. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22295-1. PMID- 40153990 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250417 LR - 20250529 IS - 1879-1298 (Electronic) IS - 0045-6535 (Linking) VI - 377 DP - 2025 May TI - Intersecting circular economy and child health: A scoping review of legacy brominated flame retardants in plastic childcare products and toys. PG - 144354 LID - S0045-6535(25)00296-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144354 [doi] AB - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) banned under the Stockholm Convention due to their severe health effects, including endocrine disruption, neurodevelopmental problems, and cancer. Historically used in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), vehicles, furniture, and building materials, these chemicals persist in recycled plastics and have been found in children's products. Our scoping review synthesized emerging literature to assess the extent of these chemicals in children's products. Of 799 initial results, 28 studies met our inclusion criteria after removing duplicates and excluding those that met exclusion criteria. The 28 studies revealed widespread presence of legacy PBDEs and HBCDD in plastic childcare products and toys, including toys embedded in chocolates, often at concentrations exceeding the Basel Convention's low POP content limits. This widespread contamination stems from weak regulation of recycling practices in the circular economy, the use of recycled and potentially contaminated virgin plastics, and the absence of specific standards for POP-BFRs content in recycled plastics and children's products. Children's unique vulnerabilities make this issue critical. Global actions are, therefore, needed to address this problem. The Basel Convention should adopt stricter POP content limits to prevent the recycling of plastics with high PBDEs and HBCDD levels. Both the Stockholm and Basel Conventions should establish safe limits for these chemicals in recycled plastics and ban contaminated recycled plastics in children's products to ensure a safer circular economy. Future research should apply a lifecycle approach to identify and mitigate all sources of legacy PBDEs and HBCDD in children's products. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Mlelwa, Rebecca AU - Mlelwa R AD - Environmental Health Division, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa. Electronic address: mllreb007@myuct.ac.za. FAU - Rother, Hanna-Andrea AU - Rother HA AD - Environmental Health Division, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Scoping Review DEP - 20250327 PL - England TA - Chemosphere JT - Chemosphere JID - 0320657 RN - 0 (Flame Retardants) RN - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers) RN - 0 (Plastics) RN - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Brominated) RN - 5I9835JO3M (hexabromocyclododecane) RN - 0 (Persistent Organic Pollutants) SB - IM MH - *Flame Retardants/analysis MH - Humans MH - *Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/analysis MH - *Plastics/chemistry/analysis MH - *Hydrocarbons, Brominated/analysis MH - Child MH - *Play and Playthings MH - *Child Health MH - Recycling MH - Persistent Organic Pollutants OTO - NOTNLM OT - Basel Convention OT - Brominated flame retardants OT - Children's products OT - Plastic OT - Recycling OT - Stockholm Convention COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/03/29 16:15 MHDA- 2025/04/18 00:25 CRDT- 2025/03/28 19:04 PHST- 2024/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/18 00:25 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/29 16:15 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/28 19:04 [entrez] AID - S0045-6535(25)00296-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144354 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Chemosphere. 2025 May;377:144354. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144354. Epub 2025 Mar 27. PMID- 40136892 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250328 IS - 2310-2861 (Electronic) IS - 2310-2861 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Mar 8 TI - Novel Soft Dosage Forms for Paediatric Applications: Can We 3D-Print Them or Not? LID - 10.3390/gels11030187 [doi] LID - 187 AB - Over the past years, numerous novel dosage forms, including gels, have been investigated for paediatric treatment due to the need to provide flexible dose adjustment possibilities, as well as a patient-friendly approach to drug delivery. Simultaneously, 3D printing technology is continuously advancing and gaining interest as a tool for personalised formulation development. Multiple additive manufacturing methods, including the semi-solid extrusion, especially used in gel printing, provide flexibility regarding the dose of active ingredients and the adjustment of the design of soft dosage forms. 3D printing techniques can be considered as a possible answer to the demand for medicines tailored to small patients' needs. This review intends to present an overview of the current possibilities, comparing gel-like and non-gel-formulated dosage forms and crucial aspects of developing those cutting-edge dosage forms by 3D printing. This paper discusses soft formulations such as chewing gums, which still require extensive evaluation, and explores the question of the three-dimensional printing process. Furthermore, it highlights soft dosage forms, such as gel-based gummies and hydrogels, for which 3D fabrication has been intensively studied in previous years. However, the research still needs to advance. FAU - Bialek, Antoni AU - Bialek A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8838-2805 AD - Student's Research Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, The Student Scientific Society of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Krysztofiak, Julia AU - Krysztofiak J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7158-4870 AD - Student's Research Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, The Student Scientific Society of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Hozakowska, Aleksandra AU - Hozakowska A AD - Student's Research Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, The Student Scientific Society of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Wojszel, Zuzanna AU - Wojszel Z AD - Student's Research Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, The Student Scientific Society of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Osmalek, Tomasz AU - Osmalek T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6939-2888 AD - Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Wojtylko, Monika AU - Wojtylko M AD - Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3D Printing Division, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland. AD - Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznan, Poland. FAU - Froelich, Anna AU - Froelich A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1491-1329 AD - Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3D Printing Division, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland. LA - eng GR - 2021/42/E/NZ7/00125 (ID: 526262)/National Science Center/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20250308 PL - Switzerland TA - Gels JT - Gels (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101696925 PMC - PMC11942176 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 3D-printing OT - chocolate OT - gel printing OT - gels OT - gummies OT - paediatric formulations OT - semi-solid extrusion OT - soft dosage forms COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/03/26 12:31 MHDA- 2025/03/26 12:32 PMCR- 2025/03/08 CRDT- 2025/03/26 11:46 PHST- 2025/02/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/03/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/26 12:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/26 12:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/26 11:46 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - gels11030187 [pii] AID - gels-11-00187 [pii] AID - 10.3390/gels11030187 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Gels. 2025 Mar 8;11(3):187. doi: 10.3390/gels11030187. PMID- 40100450 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250513 LR - 20250531 IS - 1573-9104 (Electronic) IS - 0921-9668 (Print) IS - 0921-9668 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Mar 18 TI - Plant-Based Chocolate Desserts: Analysis of Consumer's Response According to Sensory Properties of Products and Consumer Attitude Towards Meat Reduction. PG - 93 LID - 10.1007/s11130-025-01338-3 [doi] LID - 93 AB - Brea gum is a food additive with potential for economic and environmental sustainability. It may be used in plant-based formulations, such as chocolate desserts, but achieving acceptable sensory characteristics remains a challenge. Therefore, the aim was to compare the response of consumers to two plant-based chocolate desserts, under blind and informed conditions about ingredient formulation. Two plant-based chocolate desserts were used: one made with Brea gum and black carob flour (BG) and a commercial soy chocolate dessert (CS). Eight trained judges characterized the sensory properties of both products. 103 consumers (female = 62, aged between 18 and 45) tasted both products in blind and informed conditions and rated their overall liking, and their liking of appearance, odour, texture, sweetness, flavour, and vegetable aftertaste. Purchase intention and healthy, processed and sustainable perception were also rated. Participants also completed a questionnaire on attitudes towards reducing meat consumption. BG samples showed higher intensities of vegetable odour and vegetable aftertaste, while CS samples were significantly higher in sweetness and brown colour (p < 0.05). Acceptability was significantly higher in CS than in BG (7.1 +/- 1.6 and 4.9 +/- 2.2, respectively, p < 0.05). BG was perceived as more sustainable than CS (6.6 +/- 2.3, 6.1 +/- 2.2, respectively; p < 0.05). Information about the samples had no effect on overall liking. Supporters of meat reduction showed a higher acceptability for both desserts than rejecters. Acceptability of both plant-based desserts was influenced by intrinsic sensory characteristics and by consumers' attitude towards meat reduction. Improvements in sensory attributes need further development. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Della Fontana, Franco D AU - Della Fontana FD AD - Department of Agricultural Economics, Statistics and Business Management, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Quimica, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina. AD - Instituto de Investigaciones Sensoriales de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina. FAU - Lopez-Font, Gabriel AU - Lopez-Font G AD - Department of Agricultural Economics, Statistics and Business Management, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Moussaoui, Djemaa AU - Moussaoui D AD - Department of Agricultural Economics, Statistics and Business Management, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Goldner, Maria C AU - Goldner MC AD - Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Quimica, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina. AD - Instituto de Investigaciones Sensoriales de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina. FAU - Chaya, Carolina AU - Chaya C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5518-886X AD - Department of Agricultural Economics, Statistics and Business Management, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. carolina.chaya@upm.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250318 PL - Netherlands TA - Plant Foods Hum Nutr JT - Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands) JID - 8803554 RN - 0 (Food Additives) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Adult MH - Female MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - Male MH - Taste MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Middle Aged MH - *Food Preferences MH - Odorants MH - Meat MH - Food Additives MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC11920308 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acceptance OT - Black Carob Flour OT - Brea Gum OT - Emotional Response OT - Soy OT - Sustainable COIS- Declarations. Ethics Approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The Ethics Committee of the Universidad Nacional de Salta (Res-CD-212/2020) approved the study protocols. Consent to Participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Consent to Publish: Participants signed an informed consent regarding publishing their data. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/03/18 18:22 MHDA- 2025/03/18 18:23 PMCR- 2025/03/18 CRDT- 2025/03/18 12:16 PHST- 2025/03/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/18 18:23 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/18 18:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/18 12:16 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s11130-025-01338-3 [pii] AID - 1338 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11130-025-01338-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2025 Mar 18;80(2):93. doi: 10.1007/s11130-025-01338-3. PMID- 40095900 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250513 LR - 20260407 IS - 1940-087X (Electronic) IS - 1940-087X (Linking) IP - 216 DP - 2025 Feb 28 TI - Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes. LID - 10.3791/68119 [doi] AB - Prenatal cannabinoid exposure (PCE) is becoming increasingly frequent as more states across the United States legalize recreational marijuana (cannabinoids). The consumption of cannabinoid products during pregnancy has been associated with various abnormal outcomes, although historical studies were conducted during a time when the potency of these products was approximately 300% lower than that of current products. Given the rising use of cannabinoids, it is essential to understand the potential impacts PCE may have on fetal neurodevelopment and subsequent infant and child development. Previous studies have demonstrated that PCE negatively affects learning and memory, behavioral skills, sleep, and attention in offspring. The aim of this study is to recapitulate PCE through voluntary ingestion of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of cannabinoid products, during pregnancy in a preclinical model. This article outlines the procedure for achieving moderate PCE throughout gestation. In this model, the control group consumes plain mini-chocolate/peanut butter cookies, while the PCE group consumes THC mixed into peanut butter paired with mini-chocolate cookies. This approach enables further investigation into the impact of PCE on developmental outcomes. FAU - Davies, Suzy AU - Davies S AD - Departments of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico School of Medicine. FAU - Dominguez, Zarena M AU - Dominguez ZM AD - Departments of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico School of Medicine. FAU - Maxwell, Jessie R AU - Maxwell JR AD - Departments of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico School of Medicine; JRMaxwell@salud.unm.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Video-Audio Media DEP - 20250228 PL - United States TA - J Vis Exp JT - Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE JID - 101313252 RN - 7J8897W37S (Dronabinol) SB - IM MH - *Dronabinol/toxicity/administration & dosage MH - Pregnancy MH - Female MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced MH - Animals MH - Rats EDAT- 2025/03/17 18:31 MHDA- 2025/03/17 18:32 CRDT- 2025/03/17 13:03 PHST- 2025/03/17 18:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/17 18:31 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/17 13:03 [entrez] AID - 10.3791/68119 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Vis Exp. 2025 Feb 28;(216). doi: 10.3791/68119. PMID- 40089737 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250316 LR - 20250513 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Mar 15 TI - Wear resistance and color stability of innovate esthetical Bioflx crowns compared to zirconia pediatric crowns. PG - 393 LID - 10.1186/s12903-025-05672-5 [doi] LID - 393 AB - BACKGROUND: Zirconia crowns are the most common aesthetic option for full coverage in pediatric dentistry. Bioflx crowns have been recently introduced, offering a unique combination of aesthetics, flexibility, and durability. AIM: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the wear of the crowns and opposing enamel. Additionally, to assess the color stability of Bioflx pediatric crowns following thermodynamic aging compared to zirconia crowns. METHODS: Forty acrylic resin dies were fabricated based on specific criteria and equally divided into two groups: zirconia crowns and Bioflx crowns. Thermodynamic cycling was conducted to simulate oral conditions over six months. Wear resistance was quantitatively assessed utilizing a Universal Serial Bus (USB) digital microscope with an integrated camera. Color stability was measured using a spectrophotometer before and after thermal aging and following immersion in various solutions (water, milk chocolate, orange juice, and cola). Data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and paired sample t-tests. The level of statistical significance was set at a p-value of 0.05. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was observed between zirconia and Bioflx crowns regarding volume loss and average roughness height [microm] of the opposing enamel (P = 0.021 and 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, there were significant differences in volume loss (microm(3)) and average roughness height (microm) between the zirconia and Bioflx crowns (P < 0.001). In contrast, the results of color change revealed non-significant differences between zirconia and Bioflx crowns (P = 0.470) before and after thermocycling aging, as well as following immersion in different solutions. CONCLUSIONS: Zirconia crowns cause more wear on opposing natural teeth than Bioflx crowns. Bioflx crowns show a higher average wear rate than zirconia. There are no significant differences between the two crown's materials in terms of color change after aging and immersion in various solutions. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Abdou, Noha El-Sayed Fathi AU - Abdou NEF AD - Pediatric Dentistry, Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Aswan University, Aswan City, Egypt. FAU - Mohamady, Eman Mohamed AU - Mohamady EM AD - Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia City, Egypt. eman_diab@dent.suez.edu.eg. FAU - Mahmoud, Tarek Mohamed Nabil Mohamed Kamel AU - Mahmoud TMNMK AD - Pediatric Dentistry, Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia City, Egypt. FAU - Abo-Elsoud, Asmaa Ali Emam AU - Abo-Elsoud AAE AD - Pediatric Dentistry, Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia City, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250315 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 RN - C6V6S92N3C (Zirconium) RN - S38N85C5G0 (zirconium oxide) RN - 0 (Dental Materials) SB - IM MH - *Zirconium/chemistry MH - *Crowns MH - Color MH - Humans MH - *Dental Restoration Wear MH - Materials Testing MH - Esthetics, Dental MH - Surface Properties MH - Dental Prosthesis Design MH - *Dental Materials/chemistry PMC - PMC11910844 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioflx crowns OT - Color stability OT - Wear OT - Zirconia crowns COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Faculty of Dentistry's Research Ethics Committee (REC) at Suez Canal University authorized all procedures involved in this study, under approval number 754/2023. This approval is in accordance with the World Medical Association's Helsinki Declaration (Version 2008). Furthermore, informed consent forms were signed by the parents or legal guardians of all children visiting the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Suez Canal University for extractions, granting permission for the use of their extracted teeth in the research. Consent for publication: It is not acceptable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/03/16 12:44 MHDA- 2025/03/16 12:45 PMCR- 2025/03/15 CRDT- 2025/03/16 00:27 PHST- 2024/07/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/16 12:45 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/16 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/16 00:27 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-025-05672-5 [pii] AID - 5672 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-025-05672-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2025 Mar 15;25(1):393. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05672-5. PMID- 40076606 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250512 LR - 20250512 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 5 DP - 2025 Feb 25 TI - The Administration of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist Decreases Binge-like Intake of Palatable Food in Mice. LID - 10.3390/ijms26051981 [doi] LID - 1981 AB - Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by uncontrollable episodes of eating in a short period of time, with a subjective loss of control of overconsumption behavior. The role CB2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) plays in binge-like intake has not yet been identified. In this regard, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of the administration of CB2R agonist, antagonist, or both on binge-like intake of palatable food (PF) in adolescent mice. We used 35 C57BL6/J male mice of 30 postnatal days in this research; all animals were housed individually and had ad libitum access to a standard diet (SD) and water. Animals were evaluated for a total of 15 sessions of the Binge Eating Test (BET), which consisted of 1 h access to PF (chocolate sandwich cookies) according to intermittent diet protocol, with one-day access/one-day no-access. PF and SD caloric intake, as well as the PF binge index (defined as consuming >/=20% of total caloric intake per day during the 1 h access to PF), were analyzed. Mice were randomly assigned to one of the following treatment groups: (1) control; (2) vehicle; (3) HU308, selective CB2R agonist; (4) AM630, selective CB2R antagonist; (5) AM630+HU308 coadministration of antagonist and agonists of CB2R. All treatments were administered intraperitoneally before BET sessions. Our results show that HU308 significantly reduced binge-like intake of PF, while no significant differences were found in the rest of the groups. These results suggest that activation of the CB2R decreases the binge-like intake in adolescent mice and that chronic overconsumption in conditions of non-homeostatic feeding can be modulated by the CB2R. Furthermore, the activation of CB2R may also modulate reward pathways, reducing binge-like behavior, which could be further explored in future studies as a treatment for BED. FAU - Rodriguez-Serrano, Luis Miguel AU - Rodriguez-Serrano LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8657-9575 AD - Facultad de Psicologia, Universidad Anahuac Mexico, Universidad Anahuac Avenue #46, Lomas Anahuac, Huixquilucan 52786, Mexico. FAU - Chavez-Hernandez, Maria Elena AU - Chavez-Hernandez ME AD - Facultad de Psicologia, Universidad Anahuac Mexico, Universidad Anahuac Avenue #46, Lomas Anahuac, Huixquilucan 52786, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250225 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2) RN - 0 (Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/agonists/metabolism/antagonists & inhibitors MH - Male MH - Mice MH - *Binge-Eating Disorder/drug therapy/metabolism MH - *Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists/pharmacology MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - *Feeding Behavior/drug effects MH - *Eating/drug effects PMC - PMC11900424 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CB2 cannabinoid receptor OT - adolescent mice OT - binge-like intake OT - palatable food COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/03/13 06:28 MHDA- 2025/03/13 06:29 PMCR- 2025/02/25 CRDT- 2025/03/13 01:06 PHST- 2025/01/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/02/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/13 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/13 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/13 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms26051981 [pii] AID - ijms-26-01981 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms26051981 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Feb 25;26(5):1981. doi: 10.3390/ijms26051981. PMID- 40058606 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250410 LR - 20260527 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 209 DP - 2025 May 1 TI - Evidence of marketing techniques using nutritional claims regarding the sugar content in foods: Perceptions of children's carers. PG - 107961 LID - S0195-6663(25)00114-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2025.107961 [doi] AB - This study consisted of a within-subjects experiment that investigated whether the presence of the claim 'no added sugar' on a prototype chocolate-flavoured filled biscuit label with an attractive design for children influences its perception of healthiness, intention to purchase the children's carers, and size of the portion to be consumed. This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July 2022 using a questionnaire. The qualitative analysis showed that, when evaluating the 'no sugar added' prototype, carers described these foods as 'healthier' and 'good for health', attributing greater healthiness. Further, compared with the traditional biscuit, the intention to buy and recommend to other carers, and size of the portion was higher for the prototype with the claim of 'no sugar added'. In summary, while Brazilian legislation regulates the use of this claim, its presence on food labels can mislead consumers. This can favour the greater consumption of these industrialised foods. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Resende, Francine Rubim de AU - Resende FR AD - Postgraduate Programme in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil. Electronic address: francine.resende@aluno.ufop.edu.br. FAU - Bearzoti, Eduardo AU - Bearzoti E AD - Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil. Electronic address: eduardo.bearzoti@ufop.edu.br. FAU - Menezes, Camila Carvalho AU - Menezes CC AD - Department of Food, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil. Electronic address: camilamenezes@ufop.edu.br. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250307 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Food Labeling/methods MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - *Caregivers/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Marketing/methods MH - *Dietary Sugars/analysis MH - Nutritive Value MH - Chocolate MH - Brazil MH - Adult MH - Food Preferences/psychology MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Consumer behavior OT - Industrialised foods OT - Nutrition claims OT - Nutrition declaration OT - Nutritional composition OT - Nutritional labeling COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2025/03/10 07:59 MHDA- 2025/04/11 00:32 CRDT- 2025/03/09 20:16 PHST- 2024/06/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/03/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/11 00:32 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/10 07:59 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/09 20:16 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(25)00114-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2025.107961 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2025 May 1;209:107961. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.107961. Epub 2025 Mar 7. PMID- 40052522 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250307 LR - 20260924 IS - 1750-3841 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1147 (Print) IS - 0022-1147 (Linking) VI - 90 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Mar TI - Consumer perception of meal replacement beverages: A comparison between younger adults and older adults. PG - e70104 LID - 10.1111/1750-3841.70104 [doi] LID - e70104 AB - Meal replacement beverages (MRBs) are consumed by a wide variety of consumers for different reasons. This study evaluated how younger adults (n = 62; aged 18-35) and older adults (n = 63; aged 65 or older) perceive MRBs. The participants started by identifying how they define MRBs. Then, the participants evaluated the sensory properties of five different chocolate-flavored MRBs using hedonic scales and the check-all-that-apply (CATA) method. Participants also identified which factors were important when consuming and purchasing MRBs. The participants highlighted that MRBs should be filling (high satiety) and have nutritional benefits. Both groups of consumers separated the MRBs based on their ingredients (plant-based or dairy-based) and liked MRBs that were sweet, chocolatey, creamy, and salty. The older adults' liking decreased due to the perception of astringency, while younger adults' liking decreased due to bitterness and off-flavors. The older adults also placed greater importance on fiber content, diabetic friendly, satiety, and calcium content than the younger adults, while the younger adults were interested in plant-based and vegan MRBs more so than the older adults. Overall, the sensory perception and hedonic liking were similar between the two groups, but their consumption factors differed. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Understanding consumption, as well as younger and older adults' sensory perception of MRBs, should allow the food industry to create new varieties of MRBs that are well-liked by consumers of different ages. Furthermore, this study identified how consumers currently conceptualize MRBs and why they consume or are interested in MRBs. CI - (c) 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Food Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Institute of Food Technologists. FAU - Moss, Rachael AU - Moss R AD - School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. FAU - Gorman, Mackenzie AU - Gorman M AD - School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. FAU - Stright, Allison AU - Stright A AD - School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. FAU - Dolan, Emily AU - Dolan E AD - School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. FAU - Code, Matthew AU - Code M AD - School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. FAU - McSweeney, Matthew B AU - McSweeney MB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8937-5639 AD - School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Food Sci JT - Journal of food science JID - 0014052 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Aged MH - Male MH - Female MH - Young Adult MH - *Beverages/analysis MH - Adolescent MH - Taste MH - Food Preferences MH - Chocolate/analysis MH - Meals MH - Age Factors MH - Nutritive Value PMC - PMC11887025 OTO - NOTNLM OT - age OT - beverages OT - consumer attitudes OT - protein OT - sensory perception COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/03/07 12:24 MHDA- 2025/03/07 12:25 PMCR- 2025/03/07 CRDT- 2025/03/07 06:52 PHST- 2025/01/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/07 12:25 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/07 12:24 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/07 06:52 [entrez] PHST- 2025/03/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFDS70104 [pii] AID - 10.1111/1750-3841.70104 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Food Sci. 2025 Mar;90(3):e70104. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.70104. PMID- 40022414 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250510 LR - 20250510 IS - 1873-7145 (Electronic) IS - 0963-9969 (Linking) VI - 203 DP - 2025 Feb TI - More than meets the eyes: How can healthiness perceptions and restraint shape the purchase intent of food with nutrition claims? PG - 115910 LID - S0963-9969(25)00247-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115910 [doi] AB - The main goal of this study was to verify relationships between cognitive restraint, priorities in food choice, consumer perceptions, and engagement in slimming process, on willingness to buy foods with nutrition claims (NC). Online questionnaires were answered by 454 consumers over 18 years of age. Cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating were measured by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21. The Eating Motivation Survey was applied to evaluate food choice motives. Consumers' willingness to buy and perceived healthiness were assessed by structured scales. A structural equation model using partial least squares was used to evaluate the impact of different factors on willingness to buy foods with NC. Perceived healthiness impacted positively willingness to buy all foods with NC. Natural concerns had a positive impact on willingness to buy sugar-free chocolate, no sugar added pacoca (peanut sweet), high-protein yoghurt, high-fibre crackers, lactose-free milk and gluten-free bread. Cognitive restraint and engagement in a slimming process positively impacted willingness to buy sugar-free chocolate, high-protein yoghurt, gluten-free bread and light requeijao (Type of cream cheese). Yet, weight control concerns in food choices had a positive impact on willingness to buy light requeijao, high-protein yogurt, no sugar added pacoca and sugar-free chocolate. However, health concerns negatively impacted willingness to buy gluten-free bread, lactose-free milk and high-fibre crackers. The consequences of such perceptions and related factors on food choice and consumption are discussed. The present findings highlight the importance of extending the discussion on food labelling, as well as the careful regulation of the presence of NCs in ultra-processed foods. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Marsola, Camila de Mello AU - Marsola CM AD - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Aplicadas, Laboratorio Multidisciplinar em Alimentos e Saude, Brazil. Electronic address: camila.marsola6@gmail.com. FAU - de Carvalho Ferreira, Joana Pereira AU - de Carvalho Ferreira JP AD - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Aplicadas, Laboratorio Multidisciplinar em Alimentos e Saude, Brazil. Electronic address: joanacf@unicamp.br. FAU - Medina, Natalia d'Ottaviano AU - Medina ND AD - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Aplicadas, Laboratorio Multidisciplinar em Alimentos e Saude, Brazil. Electronic address: nataliamlmedina@gmail.com. FAU - da Cunha, Diogo Thimoteo AU - da Cunha DT AD - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Aplicadas, Laboratorio Multidisciplinar em Alimentos e Saude, Brazil. Electronic address: dtcunha@unicamp.br. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250201 PL - Canada TA - Food Res Int JT - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) JID - 9210143 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Food Labeling MH - Young Adult MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Choice Behavior MH - Nutritive Value MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - Aged MH - Perception MH - Motivation OTO - NOTNLM OT - Consumer OT - Healthiness OT - Nutritional claim OT - Processed food COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/03/01 14:39 MHDA- 2025/03/01 14:40 CRDT- 2025/03/01 01:01 PHST- 2025/01/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/01/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/01 14:40 [medline] PHST- 2025/03/01 14:39 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/03/01 01:01 [entrez] AID - S0963-9969(25)00247-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115910 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Res Int. 2025 Feb;203:115910. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115910. Epub 2025 Feb 1. PMID- 40018160 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250301 IS - 2753-4294 (Electronic) IS - 2753-4294 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jun TI - Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on oral health among secondary-level students: a cross-sectional study in Kathmandu, Nepal. PG - e000438 LID - 10.1136/bmjph-2023-000438 [doi] LID - e000438 AB - INTRODUCTION: Issues with oral health (OH) are frequently overlooked until individuals feel pain or discomfort. Highlighting OH behaviours is important in creating successful interventions. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and examine the association between sociodemographic factors and KAP regarding OH among secondary-level students in Kathmandu. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 395 secondary-level students from five schools using a self-administered questionnaire. The study used a Chi-square test to examine the association between sociodemographic factors and KAP towards OH. Binary logistic regression was employed to analyse the relationship between dependent and independent variables. RESULTS: The study involved participants with an average age of 14.24 years, comprising 56.7% males and 43.3% females. While most students demonstrated good OH knowledge (77.2%) and positive attitudes (91.9%), there was reluctance towards dental visit. Additionally, only 41% practised adequate OH, with issues like suboptimal brushing technique, low floss use and high consumption of chocolates. Significant associations were discovered between knowledge and age group (p=0.02) and students' grade (p<0.001). Similarly, OH practices were significantly associated with gender (p=0.008), age group and students' grade (both p<0.001) through Chi-square analysis. Despite having satisfactory attitudes, males and younger individuals were more likely to have lower knowledge (OR=0.714 and OR=0.684, respectively) and poorer practices (OR=0.484 and OR=0.514, respectively). Overall, regardless of adequate knowledge and attitudes, adolescents showcased unsatisfactory OH practices. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasises the significance of improving real-life OH habits and bridging the gap with targeted interventions like educational programmes, counselling and parental involvement. These efforts are crucial for turning knowledge and positive attitudes into consistent and effective oral care practices. CI - Copyright (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. Published by BMJ. FAU - Rajbhandari, Anuja AU - Rajbhandari A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-7786-9680 AD - Public Health, Pokhara University, Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Aryal, Nishika AU - Aryal N AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-7327-6948 AD - Public Health, Pokhara University, Kathmandu, Nepal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240729 PL - England TA - BMJ Public Health JT - BMJ public health JID - 9918697578906676 PMC - PMC11812795 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cross-Sectional Studies OT - Data Collection OT - Education OT - Hygiene OT - Public Health COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2025/02/28 11:00 MHDA- 2025/02/28 11:01 PMCR- 2024/07/29 CRDT- 2025/02/28 05:04 PHST- 2023/07/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/28 11:01 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/28 11:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/28 05:04 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjph-2023-000438 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjph-2023-000438 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Public Health. 2024 Jul 29;2(1):e000438. doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2023-000438. eCollection 2024 Jun. PMID- 40005014 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250226 LR - 20260924 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Feb 14 TI - An Assessment of the Dietary Habits of Individuals with Migraine Living in Spain: An Exploratory Observational Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. LID - 10.3390/nu17040686 [doi] LID - 686 AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Eating habits have been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach for migraines; nevertheless, scientific evidence to support firm recommendations is lacking. Specifically, dietary habits in migraineurs living in Spain have not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate their dietary patterns and examine how these habits vary based on the frequency of migraine attacks or the degree of migraine-related disability. METHODS: An exploratory, observational, cross-sectional pilot study was conducted on 260 individuals (18-64 years old) diagnosed with migraine in Spain. Data on diet, lifestyle, and migraine characteristics were collected with an online questionnaire consisting of a food frequency questionnaire and enquires about perceptions about diet, lifestyle, and different aspects related to migraines. Statistical differences were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn's post-hoc test, using JASP. RESULTS: The consumption of plant-based foods was below the AESAN recommendations. No differences were observed in terms of food servings consumption across different migraine attack frequencies or levels of migraine-related disability. Both the chronic migraine group and the severe disability group showed differences in the consumption of some foods considered as migraine triggers (such as chocolate, cured cheese, cured meats, and alcoholic beverages). Moreover, people who suffered from infrequent migraine consumed significantly more caffeine than those who had chronic migraine. CONCLUSION: It remains unclear whether avoiding dietary migraine triggers is driven by the biological effects of certain food compounds or influenced by dietary perceptions and unfounded beliefs. Thus, further research on the role of diet in migraine management is necessary. FAU - Esteves-Mesquita, Vanessa AU - Esteves-Mesquita V AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-8603-6665 AD - School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Cardero, Alvaro AU - Fernandez-Cardero A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0003-4437-8013 AD - Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Science I, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Sarria, Beatriz AU - Sarria B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0614-4606 AD - Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Science I, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martin-Cabrejas, Izaskun AU - Martin-Cabrejas I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7913-0291 AD - Department Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20250214 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Migraine Disorders/epidemiology/etiology MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Pilot Projects MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet MH - Adolescent MH - Life Style MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC11857930 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Spain OT - chronic migraine OT - eating habits OT - episodic migraine OT - headache OT - migraine OT - migraine-related disability OT - nutrition OT - precipitating factors COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/02/26 06:28 MHDA- 2025/02/26 06:29 PMCR- 2025/02/14 CRDT- 2025/02/26 01:20 PHST- 2024/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/02/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/26 06:29 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/26 06:28 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/26 01:20 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu17040686 [pii] AID - nutrients-17-00686 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu17040686 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2025 Feb 14;17(4):686. doi: 10.3390/nu17040686. PMID- 39994594 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250509 LR - 20250509 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Feb 24 TI - Bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and associated factors among lower respiratory tract infection patients attending at Debre Markos comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest, Ethiopia. PG - 266 LID - 10.1186/s12879-025-10633-y [doi] LID - 266 AB - BACKGROUND: Lower respiratory tract infections are the most common health problem, demanding frequent consultation and hospitalization. Moreover, there has been a dramatic rise in antibiotic resistance among respiratory pathogens. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and associated factors of lower respiratory tract infection among patients attending at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, in 2023. METHOD: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 305 study participants from May 1 to July 30, 2023. Purulent sputum samples were collected and streaked onto chocolate agar, blood agar, and MacConkey agar. Chocolate agar and blood agar plates were incubated at 35-37 degrees C for 24 h with 5% carbon dioxide in a candle jar. MacConkey agar was incubated aerobically at 35-37 degrees C for 24 h. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined via the disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) on Mueller-Hinton agar. A logistic regression model was used to show the relationship between the outcome and independent variables. RESULT: Of a total of 305 samples, 33.4% (95% CI: 29.2-38.8%) samples showed growth of various species of bacteria. The predominant pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae 31/102 (30.4%), Streptococcus pneumoniae 21/102 (20.6%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 16/102 (15.7%). The overall magnitude of multidrug resistance (MDR) was 47.1%. Having > 58 age groups (AOR = 7.180, 95% CI: 1.858-27.743), being illiterate (AOR = 2.76, 95 CI: 1.158-6.578), chronic cough (AOR = 5.26, 95% CI: 1.725-16.038), and alcohol drinking (AOR = 6.542, 95% CI: 2.570-16.654), were determinants of lower respiratory tract infection. CONCLUSION: K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were the most predominant pathogens. A high levels antibiotic resistance was present in the majority of the isolates. Therefore, antibiotic susceptibility testing should be applied to guide treatment decisions. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Yimer, Osman AU - Yimer O AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. FAU - Abebaw, Abtie AU - Abebaw A AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. FAU - Adugna, Adane AU - Adugna A AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. adaneadugna29@gmail.com. FAU - Adane, Fentahun AU - Adane F AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. FAU - Esmael, Ahmed AU - Esmael A AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250224 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology/epidemiology/drug therapy MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - Young Adult MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - *Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification/classification MH - Child MH - Hospitals, Special MH - Child, Preschool MH - Sputum/microbiology MH - Drug Resistance, Bacterial PMC - PMC11852897 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antimicrobial susceptibility test OT - Bacterial profile OT - LRTIs COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Debre Markos University, College of Health Science (Protocol number Ref: HSC/RCS/139/11/12). Written informed consent was acquired from all study subjects. Consent for publication: Since this specific manuscript did not include any individual data, such as pictures or videos, consent for publication is not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/02/25 00:22 MHDA- 2025/02/25 06:21 PMCR- 2025/02/24 CRDT- 2025/02/24 23:56 PHST- 2024/04/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/25 06:21 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/25 00:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/24 23:56 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-10633-y [pii] AID - 10633 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-10633-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 24;25(1):266. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-10633-y. PMID- 39979856 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250509 LR - 20260924 IS - 1471-2334 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2334 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Feb 20 TI - Key role of whole genome sequencing in resolving an international outbreak of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium linked to chocolate products. PG - 242 LID - 10.1186/s12879-025-10629-8 [doi] LID - 242 AB - BACKGROUND: In February 2022, the United Kingdom (UK) detected a cluster of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium based on whole genome sequencing (WGS). Subsequently, several countries reported cases belonging to this cluster. Epidemiological, microbiological and traceability investigations pointed toward a chocolate food business operator (FBO) in Belgium. We describe the magnitude of the outbreak, investigations performed and control measures taken. METHODS: Cases were ascertained based on internationally agreed case definitions and interviewed about food consumption prior to disease onset. Analytical epidemiological studies were conducted by the UK and Ireland. The Belgian food safety authority (FSA) coordinated microbiological and traceability investigations. RESULTS: A total of 456 cases (61% female), belonging to two genetically different WGS clusters, in 14 countries of the European Union, the UK, Switzerland, Canada and the United States were linked to the outbreak, between December 2021 and June 2022. 87% of cases were younger than 10 years. Brand A chocolate eggs, marketed for children, were reported as consumed by 168 cases (80%) with information. Analytical studies in the UK and Ireland showed a significantly higher odds of disease associated with consumption of brand A chocolate products. Retrospective investigations by the FSA revealed that routine samples (raw materials, intermediate, semi-finished and finished products as well as environmental and rinse oil samples) taken by the FBO linked to the Brand A products between December 2021 and January 2022 had tested positive for salmonella. Nine isolates were submitted to EnteroBase and matched with human isolates from both WGS clusters. The authorization for production was temporarily withdrawn on 8 April 2022 and all products of brand A were recalled worldwide, followed by a decrease in cases. CONCLUSIONS: A multi-country salmonellosis outbreak linked to chocolate occurred in the months before Easter 2022. International collaboration between stakeholders from epidemiological, microbiological and food safety entities with rapid sharing of WGS results from human and nonhuman isolates were key in containing the outbreak. Implementation of routine WGS on human and nonhuman isolates will strengthen public health responses to future outbreaks. The magnitude of the outbreak underlines the importance of timely and open communication of FBOs to FSAs in case of salmonella detection. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Laisnez, Valeska AU - Laisnez V AD - Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. AD - ECDC Fellowship Programme, Field Epidemiology path (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Vusirikala, Amoolya AU - Vusirikala A AD - Field Service South-East and London, Health Protection Operations Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, England, United Kingdom. AD - Field Epidemiology Training Programme, UK Health Security Agency, London, England, United Kingdom. FAU - Nielsen, Charlotte Salgaard AU - Nielsen CS AD - ECDC Fellowship Programme, Field Epidemiology path (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Cantaert, Vera AU - Cantaert V AD - Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Delbrassinne, Laurence AU - Delbrassinne L AD - National Reference Laboratory for Foodborne Outbreaks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Mattheus, Wesley AU - Mattheus W AD - National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Shigella, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Verhaegen, Bavo AU - Verhaegen B AD - National Reference Laboratory for Foodborne Outbreaks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Delamare, Hugues AU - Delamare H AD - Direction des maladies infectieuses, Sante publique France, Saint-Maurice, France. FAU - Jourdan-Da Silva, Nathalie AU - Jourdan-Da Silva N AD - Direction des maladies infectieuses, Sante publique France, Saint-Maurice, France. FAU - Lachmann, Raskit AU - Lachmann R AD - Robert Koch Institute, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, FG 35 - Gastrointestinal Infections, Zoonoses and Tropical Infections, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Simon, Sandra AU - Simon S AD - Robert Koch Institute, Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit for Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella/ National Reference Centre for Salmonella and other Bacterial Enterics, Wernigerode, Germany. FAU - Cormican, Martin AU - Cormican M AD - School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland. AD - National Salmonella, Shigella and Listeria Reference Laboratory, Galway, Ireland. FAU - Garvey, Patricia AU - Garvey P AD - Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - McKeown, Paul AU - McKeown P AD - National Salmonella, Shigella and Listeria Reference Laboratory, Galway, Ireland. AD - National Health Protection Office, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Stephan, Roger AU - Stephan R AD - Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Brown, Derek AU - Brown D AD - Scottish Microbiology Reference Laboratories, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - Browning, Lynda AU - Browning L AD - Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - Hoban, Ann AU - Hoban A AD - Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Safety (One Health) Division, Clinical and Public Health Group, UK Health Security Agency, London, England, United Kingdom. FAU - Larkin, Lesley AU - Larkin L AD - Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Safety (One Health) Division, Clinical and Public Health Group, UK Health Security Agency, London, England, United Kingdom. CN - S. Typhimurium Outbreak Investigation Group FAU - Pardos de la Gandara, Maria AU - Pardos de la Gandara M AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, Unite des Bacteries pathogenes enteriques, Centre National de Reference des Escherichia coli, Shigella et Salmonella, Shigella et Salmonella, Paris, France. FAU - Jernberg, Cecilia AU - Jernberg C AD - European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Takkinen, Johanna AU - Takkinen J AD - European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Balasegaram, Sooria AU - Balasegaram S AD - Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Safety (One Health) Division, Clinical and Public Health Group, UK Health Security Agency, London, England, United Kingdom. FAU - Van Cauteren, Dieter AU - Van Cauteren D AD - Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. dieter.vancauteren@sciensano.be. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250220 PL - England TA - BMC Infect Dis JT - BMC infectious diseases JID - 100968551 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Chocolate/microbiology MH - *Whole Genome Sequencing MH - *Disease Outbreaks MH - *Salmonella typhimurium/genetics/isolation & purification MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Adult MH - Child, Preschool MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - *Salmonella Food Poisoning/epidemiology/microbiology MH - Young Adult MH - Infant MH - Aged MH - Ireland/epidemiology MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology MH - Food Microbiology MH - Retrospective Studies PMC - PMC11844163 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chocolate products OT - Monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium OT - Outbreak OT - Salmonellosis OT - Whole genome sequencing COIS- Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. FIR - Kornschober, Christian IR - Kornschober C FIR - Hammami, Naima IR - Hammami N FIR - Jaramillo, Veronica IR - Jaramillo V FIR - Audistere, Roxane IR - Audistere R FIR - O Forrest, Russell IR - O Forrest R FIR - Misfeldt, Cynthia IR - Misfeldt C FIR - Spackova, Michaela IR - Spackova M FIR - Daniel, Ondrej IR - Daniel O FIR - Muller, Luise IR - Muller L FIR - Gymoese, Pernille IR - Gymoese P FIR - White, Emily Dibba IR - White ED FIR - Falkenhors, Gerhard IR - Falkenhors G FIR - Ladewig, Beatrice IR - Ladewig B FIR - Schmid, Janna IR - Schmid J FIR - Eble, Denise IR - Eble D FIR - Lenahan, Mary IR - Lenahan M FIR - Moore, Orla IR - Moore O FIR - Villa, Laura IR - Villa L FIR - Lucarelli, Claudia IR - Lucarelli C FIR - Scavia, Gaia IR - Scavia G FIR - Ragimbeau, Catherine IR - Ragimbeau C FIR - Vergison, Anne IR - Vergison A FIR - Mossong, Joel IR - Mossong J FIR - Pijnacker, Roan IR - Pijnacker R FIR - van den Beld, Maaike IR - van den Beld M FIR - Lange, Heidi IR - Lange H FIR - T Brandal, Lin IR - T Brandal L FIR - Trkov, Marija IR - Trkov M FIR - Grilc, Eva IR - Grilc E FIR - Martinez, Carmen Varela IR - Martinez CV FIR - Herrera-Leon, Silvia IR - Herrera-Leon S FIR - Martinez, Ana Abades IR - Martinez AA FIR - Dryselius, Rikard IR - Dryselius R FIR - Karamehmedovic, Nadja IR - Karamehmedovic N FIR - Borjesson, Stefan IR - Borjesson S FIR - Nuesch-Inderbinen, Magdalena IR - Nuesch-Inderbinen M FIR - Horlbog, Jule IR - Horlbog J FIR - Cabrey, Paul IR - Cabrey P FIR - Smith, Robert IR - Smith R FIR - Painset, Anais IR - Painset A FIR - Chattaway, Marie IR - Chattaway M FIR - Schroeder, Morgan IR - Schroeder M EDAT- 2025/02/21 00:21 MHDA- 2025/02/21 06:22 PMCR- 2025/02/20 CRDT- 2025/02/20 23:45 PHST- 2024/04/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/21 06:22 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/21 00:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/20 23:45 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-10629-8 [pii] AID - 10629 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12879-025-10629-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 20;25(1):242. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-10629-8. PMID- 39977474 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250508 LR - 20250508 IS - 1972-2680 (Electronic) IS - 1972-2680 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Jan 31 TI - Commensal mouth bacteria are the main cause of dentoalveolar abscesses in the maxillofacial region. PG - 107-116 LID - 10.3855/jidc.20202 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the bacterial strains that most commonly cause abscesses after failed endodontic treatment. METHODOLOGY: 102 pus samples from dentoalveolar abscesses were examined for bacterial growth. Additionally, 102 samples of healthy gingiva from the same patients were swabbed for comparison of etiology. The swabs were inoculated on blood, chocolate, and Schaedler agar plates; and incubated aerobically and anaerobically. Isolated pathogenic bacteria were compared to healthy oral flora from 50 healthy individuals. Bacterial strains were identified using the matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) method and susceptibility was tested using VITEK 2. RESULTS: The same microorganism was identified from the healthy and abscess side of the oral cavity in 50.0% of the cases. The most commonly identified healthy aerobic flora were coagulase-negative staphylococci, alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Klebsiella spp. The most identified anaerobes were Actinomyces, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides spp. Identification of 6 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, 3 amoxiclav resistant Actinomyces spp., 1 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) E. coli, and 2 ESBL Klebsiella spp. were confirmed. A significant correlation was found between prescription of amoxiclav before surgery and isolation of amoxiclav-resistant Actinomyces spp. (p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Common oral flora caused dental abscesses. Not much antimicrobial resistance was detected among the bacterial isolates. However, the dentists used antibiotics irresponsibly because a few cases were identified where the bacteria were resistant to antibiotics used prior to removal of dentoalveolar abscesses. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 Sinan Rusinovci, Milaim Sejdini, Sami Salihu, Naim Haliti, Doroteja P Jukic, Andrej Starc, David Stubljar, Tomislav Jukic. FAU - Rusinovci, Sinan AU - Rusinovci S AD - Faculty of Medicine Prishtina, UCCK, Prishtina, Kosovo. FAU - Sejdini, Milaim AU - Sejdini M AD - Faculty of Medicine Prishtina, UCCK, Prishtina, Kosovo. FAU - Salihu, Sami AU - Salihu S AD - Faculty of Medicine Prishtina, UCCK, Prishtina, Kosovo. FAU - Haliti, Naim AU - Haliti N AD - Faculty of Medicine Prishtina, UCCK, Prishtina, Kosovo. FAU - Jukic, Doroteja P AU - Jukic DP AD - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Osijek, Croatia. FAU - Starc, Andrej AU - Starc A AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FAU - Stubljar, David AU - Stubljar D AD - Department of Research and Development, In-Medico, Metlika, Slovenia. FAU - Jukic, Tomislav AU - Jukic T AD - Department of Internal medicine, History of Medicine and Medical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Osijek, Croatia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250131 PL - Italy TA - J Infect Dev Ctries JT - Journal of infection in developing countries JID - 101305410 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Mouth/microbiology MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Bacteria/isolation & purification/classification/drug effects MH - Young Adult MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use OTO - NOTNLM OT - abscess OT - antibiotics OT - microbiota OT - mouth OT - susceptibility COIS- No Conflict of Interest is declared EDAT- 2025/02/20 18:21 MHDA- 2025/02/20 18:22 CRDT- 2025/02/20 13:44 PHST- 2024/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/20 18:22 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/20 18:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/20 13:44 [entrez] AID - 10.3855/jidc.20202 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Infect Dev Ctries. 2025 Jan 31;19(1):107-116. doi: 10.3855/jidc.20202. PMID- 39962179 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250508 LR - 20260927 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Feb 17 TI - Investigation of methicillin, beta lactam, carbapenem, and multidrug resistant bacteria from blood cultures of septicemia suspected patients in Northwest Ethiopia. PG - 5769 LID - 10.1038/s41598-025-86648-x [doi] LID - 5769 AB - The presence of microorganisms in the bloodstream can result in severe, potentially life-threatening conditions, which are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The rise of antimicrobial-resistant strains further exacerbates these outcomes. However, the data concerning bacterial profiles and resistance to antimicrobials, particularly against extended-spectrum beta-lactams and carbapenems, are limited. Aimed to characterize pathogens isolated from positive blood cultures, including bacterial profiles and antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and to identify predictors of blood culture positivity in septicemia-suspected patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 15 to May 30, 2023. The study involved 341 patients suspected of having septicaemia who were selected consecutively through a convenience sampling technique. Blood samples were collected aseptically from each patient (10 ml from adults, 5 ml from children, and 1 ml from neonates) and inoculated into bottles containing tryptic soy broth in volumes appropriate for the patient's age. The samples were incubated at 35-37 degrees C for up to 7 days to detect bacterial growth. Positive blood cultures were subcultured onto various media, including chocolate agar, blood agar, modified Thayer-Martin agar, MacConkey agar, and mannitol salt agar, and incubated again at 35-37 degrees C for 24 h. The suspected bacteria were identified on the basis of colony morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted via both the Kirby-Bauer and modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion methods. Resistance to methicillin, extended-spectrum beta-lactams, and carbapenems was determined via the cefoxitin disc test, combined-disk diffusion method, and modified carbapenem inactivation method, respectively. The data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 and analysed via SPSS version 25. Binary logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with bloodstream infections (BSI), with a P value of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Out of 341 patients suspected of septicemia, 196 (57.5%) were male and 145 (42.5%) were female, with a mean (+/- SD) age of 16.5 (+/- 7.5) years. Bloodstream infection was identified in 87 (25.5%) patients (95% CI: 21.1-30.4). Among these positive cases, 67 (77%) were from ward patients, while 20 (23%) were from those visiting outpatient departments. The primary gram-positive bacteria identified included S. aureus 27 (31.0%), CoNS 14 (16.1%), S. viridans 8 (9.2%), and S. agalactiae 4 (4.6%). The gram-negative isolates were predominantly K. pneumoniae 11 (12.6%), followed by E. coli 9 (10.3%), E. cloacae 6 (6.9%), Acinetobacter spp. 3 (3.5%), N. meningitidis 3 (3.5%), and P. aeruginosa 2 (2.3%). Methicillin resistance was detected in 17/27 (63.0%) S. aureus strains and 2/14 (14.3%) CoNS strains. Multidrug resistance was detected in 63/87 (72.4%, 95% CI: 67.2-84.7%) of the isolates. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase production were observed in 12/31 (38.7%) and 5/31 (16.1%) of isolates, respectively. The factors associated with BSI were the presence of wounds and burns (AOR = 2.103, 95% CI: 1.365-3.241, P = 0.041), length of hospital stay (>/= 5) (AOR = 2.209, 95% CI: 1.122-4.347, P = 0.022), and prior medical procedures (AOR = 1.982, 95% CI: 1.125-3.492, P = 0.018). Bloodstream infection was identified in 25.5% of suspected septicemia cases, with multidrug-resistant bacteria present in 72.4% of isolates. Gram-positive bacteria, particularly S. aureus, and gram-negative bacteria like K. pneumoniae and E. coli were predominant. High rates of methicillin, beta-lactam, and carbapenem resistance were observed, emphasizing the magnitude of antimicrobial resistance. Risk factors such as wounds, extended hospital stays, and prior medical procedures significantly increased the likelihood of culture positivity. This suggests the need for regular antimicrobial susceptibility testing to guide antibiotic selection and track resistance trends, proper wound care and medical device usage to reduce the risk of BSI in healthcare settings. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Birhanu, Abebe AU - Birhanu A AUID- ORCID: 0009-0005-0363-3254 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. Abebe.Birhanu@uog.edu.et. FAU - Gebre, Getachew AU - Gebre G AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Getaneh, Eden AU - Getaneh E AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Yohannes, Hana AU - Yohannes H AD - Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Baye, Netsanet AU - Baye N AD - Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Mersha, Gizeaddis Belay AU - Mersha GB AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, Amhara National Regional State Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. FAU - Tigabie, Mitkie AU - Tigabie M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Dagnew, Mulat AU - Dagnew M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Ferede, Getachew AU - Ferede G AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Deress, Teshiwal AU - Deress T AD - Department of Quality Assurance and Laboratory Management, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Abebe, Wondwossen AU - Abebe W AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250217 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (Carbapenems) RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) RN - 0 (beta-Lactams) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Carbapenems/pharmacology MH - Adult MH - Child MH - *Sepsis/microbiology/drug therapy/epidemiology/blood MH - Middle Aged MH - *Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - Adolescent MH - Blood Culture MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Infant MH - *beta-Lactams/pharmacology MH - Young Adult MH - Aged MH - Infant, Newborn PMC - PMC11833138 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antimicrobial resistance OT - Blood culture OT - Ethiopia OT - Septicemia-suspected patients COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2025/02/18 00:21 MHDA- 2025/02/18 06:22 PMCR- 2025/02/17 CRDT- 2025/02/17 23:30 PHST- 2024/08/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/18 06:22 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/18 00:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/17 23:30 [entrez] PHST- 2025/02/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-025-86648-x [pii] AID - 86648 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-025-86648-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 17;15(1):5769. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-86648-x. PMID- 39956205 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250507 LR - 20260528 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 207 DP - 2025 Mar 1 TI - Food marketing to teenagers: Examining the digital palate of targeted appeals. PG - 107912 LID - S0195-6663(25)00065-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2025.107912 [doi] AB - Food marketing is a conspicuous part of the digital landscape for teenagers, with the aims of influencing preferences, purchases and consumption. Yet little is known about the nature and persuasive power of such marketing, especially across the platforms most popular with teens. Given this research gap, this exploratory study aimsed to shed light on the "digital palate" being advertised to teenagers and the specific appeals they found salient within that advertising. Teenagers (ages 13-17, n = 468) engaged in participatory research, capturing the teen-targeted food advertising that they encountered over the span of one week. For each ad, they identified the product, brand, platform and specific techniques they felt made the ad teen-targeted. Results reveal the pervasive and expansive nature of teen-targeted food marketing: 3385 advertisements were collected from 557 distinct food and beverage brands from the digital platforms of Instagram, TikTok, Snapchat, and YouTube. Instagram trumped all other platforms when it came to food marketing, but the "digital palate" promoted across all platforms was consistent. Beverages, fast food and candy/chocolate comprised the top categories of foods advertised to teens. Ads for these generally unhealthy (and sweet) products were considered persuasive due to their visual style and special offers-ones that focused on convenience, novelty, bold flavors, limited edition products and (even more) digital engagement. While the digital palate promoted was salient and engaging to teenagers, the food (and food categories) promoted do not work to support long term health. CI - Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Elliott, Charlene AU - Elliott C AD - University of Calgary, Communication, Media and Film, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: celliott@ucalgary.ca. FAU - Truman, Emily AU - Truman E AD - University of Calgary, Communication, Media and Film, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: emily.truman@ucalgary.ca. FAU - Black, Jason Edward AU - Black JE AD - University of Calgary, Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. Electronic address: jason.black@ucalgary.ca. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250215 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Marketing/methods MH - *Advertising/methods MH - Social Media MH - Food Preferences/psychology MH - *Adolescent Behavior/psychology MH - Food OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Digital media OT - Food marketing OT - Instagram OT - Snapchat OT - Teenagers OT - TikTok OT - YouTube COIS- Declaration of competing interest We have no declarations of interest to declare. EDAT- 2025/02/17 00:21 MHDA- 2025/03/06 05:02 CRDT- 2025/02/16 19:30 PHST- 2024/12/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/02/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/02/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/03/06 05:02 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/17 00:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/16 19:30 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(25)00065-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2025.107912 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2025 Mar 1;207:107912. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.107912. Epub 2025 Feb 15. PMID- 39951005 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260219 LR - 20260219 IS - 2300-9020 (Electronic) IS - 1644-387X (Linking) VI - 63 IP - 1 DP - 2026 Jan-Feb TI - Occurrence of dental caries, the prevalence of hygiene and dietary habits, and the influence of the workout session on the selected parameters of saliva in youth swimmers. PG - 51-63 LID - 10.17219/dmp/187213 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Poor oral health can affect the overall health of the body, which may result in suboptimal performance in sports. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of tooth decay, the prevalence of hygiene and dietary habits, and the influence of the workout session on the selected salivary parameters in youth swimmers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 40 adolescents, aged 12-15 years (mean age: 13 +/-0.5 years), including 30 competitive swimmers and 10 controls. The decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT) was assessed. Data on oral hygiene and dietary habits was collected through a questionnaire created by the authors. Salivary samples were collected from all subjects in the morning and in the afternoon, and from swimmers before and after training. The salivary flow rate (V), pH, buffering capacity, and calcium (Ca) level were measured. RESULTS: The DMFT in the group of swimmers was 4.5 +/-3.54, which was significantly higher than in the control group (1.6 +/-2.59) (p = 0.0007). There were no statistically significant differences in oral hygiene habits between the 2 groups. However, swimmers significantly more often consumed chocolate bars (p = 0.004), energy drinks (p = 0.017) and water (p = 0.002) as compared to the control group. Among the consumed beverages, significantly more sweet carbonated drinks were consumed by swimmers than controls (p = 0.026). After the workout session, both in the morning and in the afternoon, there was a significant decrease in V (p = 0.006 and p = 0.009, respectively) and a significant increase in the Ca level (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) in swimmers. While comparing swimmers before training with the control group in the morning, significantly higher V (p = 0.012) and lower pH (p = 0.003) were observed in swimmers. In the afternoon, significantly lower pH was found in swimmers (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Oral health prevention and promotion should be an important aspect of sports participation, through greater awareness of the impact of oral hygiene and diet on overall health, which can influence sports performance. FAU - Grzesiak-Gasek, Iwona AU - Grzesiak-Gasek I AD - Medical Innovation Center, Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Debska-Lasut, Katarzyna AU - Debska-Lasut K AD - Department of Periodontology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Poland TA - Dent Med Probl JT - Dental and medical problems JID - 101205669 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - *Swimming MH - Adolescent MH - *Saliva/chemistry MH - Male MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Child MH - Female MH - *Oral Hygiene/statistics & numerical data MH - Prevalence MH - DMF Index OTO - NOTNLM OT - dental caries OT - dietary habits OT - oral hygiene OT - physical exertion OT - saliva EDAT- 2025/02/14 12:30 MHDA- 2026/02/19 17:35 CRDT- 2025/02/14 10:33 PHST- 2024/02/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/02/19 17:35 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/14 12:30 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/14 10:33 [entrez] AID - 10.17219/dmp/187213 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Dent Med Probl. 2026 Jan-Feb;63(1):51-63. doi: 10.17219/dmp/187213. PMID- 39940386 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250507 LR - 20250507 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 3 DP - 2025 Jan 31 TI - Adequate Food and Nutrition in School: Acceptability and Consumption by Students of a Brazilian Municipality. LID - 10.3390/nu17030528 [doi] LID - 528 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of a specific menu preparation based on minimally processed foods and the factors associated with the consumption of school meals by students in Brazilian public schools. METHODS: A hedonic scale was employed to assess the acceptability of a milk preparation with 100% cocoa and sugar. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate school food consumption, addressing consumption frequency, dietary habits, environmental conditions, and consumption of competing foods. A binomial logistic regression model was conducted to verify the association between individual variables and conditions of meal supply and consumption. Data analyses were performed using the Jamovi 2022 software. RESULTS: A total of 1080 students participated, with 630 taking part in the acceptability test, and 450 completing the consumption questionnaire. The study highlighted acceptance below the minimum PNAE standards (79.68%) for the tested preparation, indicating a need for further investigation into student preferences. Pleasant taste was the most frequently cited reason (53.2%) for consumption. Disliking the served lunch increased the likelihood of not consuming school meals by 2.73% (p = 0.03). Bringing snacks from home showed no significant impact on consumption (p = 0.677). Using inadequate cutlery increased the likelihood of not consuming school meals by 6.44% (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: The study underscored the low acceptance of milk prepared with 100% cocoa and sugar, along with irregular school meal consumption, emphasizing the need for strategies to align students' taste preferences with healthier menu options. While PNAE ensures nutrient-rich meals, improving flavor, variety, and dining conditions, alongside permanent food and nutrition education, is essential to enhance adherence and support students' health. Although snacks do not affect the consumption of school meals, controlling snack intake is important from a health perspective. FAU - Henriques, Patricia AU - Henriques P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8154-0962 AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Nutricao, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil. FAU - Alvarenga, Camile R T de AU - Alvarenga CRT AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Nutricao, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil. FAU - Menezes, Marina M S AU - Menezes MMS AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Nutricao, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil. FAU - Ferreira, Daniele M AU - Ferreira DM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7122-8270 AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Nutricao, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil. FAU - Burlandy, Luciene AU - Burlandy L AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Nutricao, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil. FAU - Soares, Beatriz D AU - Soares BD AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-8530-6989 AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Nutricao, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 201.397/2022./Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250131 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Brazil MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Schools MH - *Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - *Food Services MH - *Food Preferences MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Nutritive Value MH - Chocolate MH - Cacao PMC - PMC11820198 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - public health OT - school-based interventions COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/02/13 11:00 MHDA- 2025/02/13 11:01 PMCR- 2025/01/31 CRDT- 2025/02/13 01:02 PHST- 2025/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/01/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/13 11:01 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/13 11:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/13 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu17030528 [pii] AID - nutrients-17-00528 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu17030528 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2025 Jan 31;17(3):528. doi: 10.3390/nu17030528. PMID- 39915283 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250506 LR - 20250526 IS - 1750-3841 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1147 (Linking) VI - 90 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Feb TI - Sensory-emotion relationships in white chocolate of modified color and sweetener among Polish and Brazilian consumers. PG - e70006 LID - 10.1111/1750-3841.70006 [doi] AB - The objective of this study was to examine the influence of chocolate formulation (sweetener and color) on consumer sensory acceptance and emotional response across two consumer populations, Brazilian and Polish. White chocolate samples (n = 10) were formulated with differences in sweetener (sucrose, rebaudioside A) and color (red, blue, yellow, green). Along with a trained panel, consumers in Brazil (n = 120) and Poland (n = 120) evaluated chocolate samples for liking and associated emotions. Color was not found to influence sweetness or flavor perception, indicating the absence of cross-modal influence. However, the yellow-colored chocolate was liked less than the blue, green, or red chocolate. Emotions were a stronger driver of product liking in the Brazilian population compared to the Polish consumers. This research shows the influence of color on consumers perception, with implications of using natural colors in chocolate production and "yellowing" in white chocolate. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The recipe may be used in chocolate manufacturing to produce free-sugar chocolate targeted to consumers with health conditions, such as diabetes. Our research also gives the solution for practical application of natural dyes to white chocolate to cover the problematic "yellowing," which is considered defect of this product and results in the low consumer acceptance. The dyes that are suggested to add are of red, green, or blue color due to high acceptability of consumers from different countries. CI - (c) 2025 Institute of Food Technologists. FAU - Zukowska, Patrycja Urszula AU - Zukowska PU AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9254-1271 AD - Department of Food Nutrition and Sciences, School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Raj, Dhanus Raj Kanaga AU - Raj DRK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3563-7699 AD - Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Luccas, Valdecir AU - Luccas V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0168-5876 AD - Food Technology Institute, Cereal and Chocolate Technology Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Ross, Carolyn F AU - Ross CF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5319-1950 AD - School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA. FAU - Kardas, Marek AU - Kardas M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4810-1025 AD - Department of Food Technology and Quality Assessment, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland. FAU - Bolini, Helena Maria Andre AU - Bolini HMA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9841-4479 AD - Department of Food Nutrition and Sciences, School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng GR - FinanceCode001/Coordination for the Improvement 753 of Higher Education Personnel in Brazil (CAPES)/ PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Food Sci JT - Journal of food science JID - 0014052 RN - 0 (Sweetening Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Brazil MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Color MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Poland MH - Female MH - *Sweetening Agents/analysis MH - Young Adult MH - Taste MH - Middle Aged MH - *Emotions MH - Food Preferences/psychology MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - chocolate OT - cross-cultural OT - edible pigments OT - rebaudioside A OT - sensory analysis EDAT- 2025/02/07 00:20 MHDA- 2025/02/07 00:21 CRDT- 2025/02/06 23:02 PHST- 2024/12/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/07 00:21 [medline] PHST- 2025/02/07 00:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/02/06 23:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/1750-3841.70006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Food Sci. 2025 Feb;90(2):e70006. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.70006. PMID- 39867116 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250130 IS - 0974-7052 (Print) IS - 0975-1904 (Electronic) IS - 0974-7052 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec TI - An In Vivo Evaluation of Changes in Salivary pH in 3-9-year-old Children Using Chewing Gums (Xylitol) and Lollipops (Xylitol + Erythritol). PG - 1352-1356 LID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3010 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the change in salivary pH using xylitol- and erythritol-containing lollipops and chewing gums, and assess the correlation between sugar substitutes and change in pH levels of saliva. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present crossover study was conducted in 60 children between 3 and 9 years of age from a private school who had not received any meal for 2 hours prior to examination. There were three groups in this study: group I, control group (rinsing with tap water); group II, experimental group (with sugar substitute lollipops); and group III, experimental group (with sugar substitute chewing gums). The saliva sample was collected at three different time intervals, and the pH of saliva was determined using a universal pH indicator. RESULTS: There was a highly significant difference observed in the pre- and postsalivary pH in all three groups, with the maximum increase seen in the lollipop group and the least increase seen in the control group. CONCLUSION: Lollipops can be used as a preventive measure in decreasing dental caries by preventing the salivary pH from falling below the critical level. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The use of sugar-substituted lollipops and chewing gums in raising pH levels was evaluated. This finding could be significant in supporting a shift from sucrose-based chocolates to sugar-substituted ones. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Latkar YS, Gunasekaran S, Arali V, et al. An In Vivo Evaluation of Changes in Salivary pH in 3-9-year-old Children Using Chewing Gums (Xylitol) and Lollipops (Xylitol + Erythritol). Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(12):1352-1356. CI - Copyright (c) 2024; The Author(s). FAU - Latkar, Yash S AU - Latkar YS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0595-2548 AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Gunasekaran, Sowndarya AU - Gunasekaran S AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Arali, Veena AU - Arali V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6614-3405 AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Gainneos, Pradeep D AU - Gainneos PD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5921-9902 AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Rajan, Reshma E AU - Rajan RE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0769-1524 AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Eswara, Karteek AU - Eswara K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7135-8462 AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - India TA - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent JT - International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry JID - 101585405 PMC - PMC11760401 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Erythritol + xylitol lollipops OT - Salivary Ph OT - Salivary flow rate OT - Xylitol chewing gums COIS- Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: NoneConflict of interest: None EDAT- 2025/01/27 06:20 MHDA- 2025/01/27 06:21 PMCR- 2025/01/01 CRDT- 2025/01/27 05:47 PHST- 2025/01/27 06:21 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/27 06:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/27 05:47 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2024 Dec;17(12):1352-1356. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3010. PMID- 39861381 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250503 LR - 20250524 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Jan 11 TI - Cross-Sectional Study on the Influence of Religion on the Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food in Spanish Schoolchildren in North Africa. LID - 10.3390/nu17020251 [doi] LID - 251 AB - (1) Background: The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) constitutes a public health problem given their high availability and easy accessibility among children and young people and their influence on the development of non-communicable diseases in the long term. In this context, culture and religion may be modulating factors for the consumption of processed food. The aim of this study is to assess the consumption of UPFs in Spanish schoolchildren living in Melilla (North Africa), together with the possible impact of religion on this. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study of 590 Christian and Muslim schoolchildren aged 15-17 years was conducted. The NOVA food classification was used to identify UPFs. Associations between religion and daily consumption were identified using risk analysis (Odds Ratio). (3) Results: Muslim schoolchildren had a higher consumption of industrial juices [OR = 2.700, 95%CI = 1.830-4.037], milkshakes [OR = 2.925, 95% = 1.850-4.748], industrial pastries [OR = 2.217, 95% = 1.440-3.510], sweets [OR = 2.197, 95%CI = 1.437-3.541], chocolates [OR = 2.272, 95%CI = 1.482-3.606] and savory snacks [OR = 3.431, 95%CI = 1.844-6.579] compared to that observed among Christians. (4) Conclusions: Both Muslim and Christian schoolchildren had a high consumption of UPFs. Regarding the potential impact of religion on the consumption of UPF, we observed that Muslim schoolchildren consumed three to four times more UPF than Christian schoolchildren. These results show a shift away from a healthy eating pattern, especially among Muslim schoolchildren. Thus, it is necessary to implement nutritional education strategies in order to understand and control the consumption of UPF in adolescents, thereby reducing the occurrence of non-communicable diseases in the long term. FAU - Mohatar-Barba, Miriam AU - Mohatar-Barba M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7334-7609 AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain. AD - Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18016 Granada, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Jimenez, Emilio AU - Gonzalez-Jimenez E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5103-6028 AD - Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18016 Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain. FAU - Lopez-Olivares, Maria AU - Lopez-Olivares M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0274-2441 AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Aparicio, Angel AU - Fernandez-Aparicio A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1298-8349 AD - Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18016 Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain. FAU - Schmidt-RioValle, Jacqueline AU - Schmidt-RioValle J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2775-0058 AD - Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18016 Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain. FAU - Enrique-Miron, Carmen AU - Enrique-Miron C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1535-5790 AD - HUM-613 Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, C/Santander s/n, 52005 Melilla, Spain. LA - eng GR - 1/CX/CSRD VA/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250111 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Fast Foods/statistics & numerical data MH - Spain MH - Islam MH - Africa, Northern MH - Christianity MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - *Religion MH - *Diet MH - Food, Processed PMC - PMC11767561 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - health promotion OT - healthy habits OT - ultra-processed foods COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2025/01/25 13:53 MHDA- 2025/01/25 13:54 PMCR- 2025/01/11 CRDT- 2025/01/25 01:27 PHST- 2024/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2025/01/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2025/01/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/25 13:54 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/25 13:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/25 01:27 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu17020251 [pii] AID - nutrients-17-00251 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu17020251 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2025 Jan 11;17(2):251. doi: 10.3390/nu17020251. PMID- 39849690 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250503 LR - 20250523 IS - 1873-7145 (Electronic) IS - 0963-9969 (Linking) VI - 201 DP - 2025 Feb TI - Effect of nutrition warning, brand, and claims on the perception of product healthiness by Brazilian consumers. PG - 115525 LID - S0963-9969(24)01596-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115525 [doi] AB - In response to the rise of Non-communicable Diseases, public policies, such as Front-of-package (FOP) nutrition labeling, have been implemented to clarify information on food labels and promote healthier eating habits. Brazil adopted black magnifier warning label in 2020, which consists of a black rectangle with a magnifier glass followed by the expression "High in" for three critical nutrients: added sugar, saturated fat and/or sodium. This study aims to evaluate the effect of black magnifier warning label, brand, and claims on Brazilian consumers' perceived healthiness. To achieve this, four products were considered: chocolate flavored milk, granola, mate tea, and cookies. A total of 448 Brazilian consumers took part in an online survey. For each product category, a series of packages were designed considering the following 2-level factors: brand (familiar vs. unfamiliar), black magnifier warning label (presence vs. absence), visual claim (presence vs. absence) and textual claim (presence vs. absence). Participants were shown eight pairs of packages from two of four products and were asked to select the healthiest product in each pair. The data were analyzed using a mixed logit model with random parameters, and conjoint analysis was conducted to estimate the main effects, average coefficients, and standard errors. A significance level of 5 % was considered. For all product categories, the presence of the warnings reduced perceived healthiness of products. On the other hand, the presence of familiar brand and nutritional marketing claims had a greater effect on the perceived healthiness compared to black magnifier. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of warning labels, but the need to regulate claims for strengthening label policies in the Brazilian context. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Franca, Carolina Gama AU - Franca CG AD - Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil. Electronic address: nutricarolinafranca@gmail.com. FAU - de Alcantara, Marcela AU - de Alcantara M AD - PDJ-FAPERJ/Embrapa Food Technology, Av. das Americas, 29501, CEP 23.020-470 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Deliza, Rosires AU - Deliza R AD - Embrapa Food Technology, Av. das Americas, 29501, CEP 23.020-470 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241225 PL - Canada TA - Food Res Int JT - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) JID - 9210143 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Food Labeling/methods MH - Brazil MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - Nutritive Value MH - Adolescent MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Perception OTO - NOTNLM OT - Conjoint analysis OT - Consumer study OT - Food brand OT - Food labeling OT - Marketing claim OT - Warning labels COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/01/24 06:26 MHDA- 2025/01/24 06:27 CRDT- 2025/01/24 01:01 PHST- 2024/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/24 06:27 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/24 06:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/24 01:01 [entrez] AID - S0963-9969(24)01596-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115525 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Res Int. 2025 Feb;201:115525. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115525. Epub 2024 Dec 25. PMID- 39814526 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250501 LR - 20260311 IS - 1564-8265 (Electronic) IS - 0379-5721 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Mar TI - Linear Programming Optimization of Local Food-Based Recommendations for Undernourished Urban Poor Malaysian Children Aged 2 to 5 Years. PG - 3-15 LID - 10.1177/03795721241302864 [doi] AB - BackgroundPoor diet quality may contribute to undernutrition, particularly affecting young children from low-income households. Therefore, affordable and healthy local food-based recommendations (FBRs) are needed.ObjectivesThis study aimed to (1) identify problem nutrient(s), (2) identify locally available nutrient-dense food sources that can provide adequate nutrients to meet the recommended dietary intakes of undernourished urban poor children aged 2-5 years, and (3) use linear programming to recommend a daily diet based on the current food patterns that achieves dietary adequacy and meets average food costs for these children.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Seremban, Malaysia. Three-day 24-hour dietary recalls were collected from the mothers (n = 168). Food costs were estimated using market surveys. The FBRs were formulated by linear programming analysis using Optifood software.ResultsFolate was an "absolute problem nutrient" (such a nutrient does not achieve the 100% recommended nutrient intake even upon diet optimization). Full-cream milk, chocolate malted milk, fortified cornflakes, and chicken egg were the common locally available nutrient-dense foods that would provide adequate nutrients to meet the recommended dietary intakes of undernourished urban poor children. The final FBR set would ensure dietary adequacy for 8 to 9 of 11 nutrients at a cost of ringgit Malaysia (RM) 4.80/day (US $1.05/day) and RM6.20/day (US $1.34/day), depending on the age group.ConclusionsInterventions are required to ensure dietary adequacy for undernourished urban poor children under 5 years old. Dietary adequacy could be improved via realistic changes in habitual food consumption practices. FAU - Miow, Yee Xuen AU - Miow YX AD - Department of Nutrition, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. FAU - Gan, Wan Ying AU - Gan WY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9016-3414 AD - Department of Nutrition, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. FAU - Fahmida, Umi AU - Fahmida U AD - Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Regional Centre for Food and Nutrition (SEAMEO-RECFON), Jakarta, Indonesia. AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Lim, Poh Ying AU - Lim PY AD - Department of Nutrition, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. FAU - Appannah, Geeta AU - Appannah G AD - Department of Nutrition, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250115 PL - United States TA - Food Nutr Bull JT - Food and nutrition bulletin JID - 7906418 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Malaysia/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Poverty MH - Female MH - *Urban Population MH - Male MH - *Diet MH - *Programming, Linear MH - *Malnutrition MH - Recommended Dietary Allowances MH - Nutrition Policy OAB - Developing Local Food-Based Recommendations for Undernourished Children in Urban Poor Area in Malaysia. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Malaysia OT - Optifood OT - linear programming OT - problem nutrient OT - undernutrition COIS- Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2025/01/16 00:20 MHDA- 2025/03/14 11:18 CRDT- 2025/01/15 21:03 PHST- 2025/03/14 11:18 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/16 00:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/15 21:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/03795721241302864 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Nutr Bull. 2025 Mar;46(1):3-15. doi: 10.1177/03795721241302864. Epub 2025 Jan 15. PMID- 39796308 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250113 IS - 2304-8158 (Print) IS - 2304-8158 (Electronic) IS - 2304-8158 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Dec 25 TI - Impact of Chocolate Cadmium on Vulnerable Populations in Serbia. LID - 10.3390/foods14010018 [doi] LID - 18 AB - Chocolate is one of the most popular and widely consumed confectionery products. However, elevated cadmium (Cd) content in this commodity threatens food safety and human health. It is crucial to monitor the presence of Cd in chocolate and to evaluate its associated health risks. This study assessed the Cd levels in milk and dark chocolates from the Serbian market (n = 155). Cadmium concentrations varied between 0.010 and 0.29 mg/kg. The obtained values were used to evaluate the hazard quotient (HQ) and cancer risk (CR). The estimated weekly intakes (EWIs) were below the tolerable limits for all samples. However, in some samples, the EWI reached 60.9% and 63.5% of the tolerable limit for toddlers and other children, respectively. No health risk was found based on the HQ. On the other hand, based on CR values, all chocolate products can be classified as posing a moderate risk. The Monte Carlo simulation indicated that toddlers and other children were more exposed to non-carcinogenic risk, whereas vegetarians, adults, pregnant women, and other children were more exposed to cancer risk. Sensitivity analysis indicates that body weight, exposure frequency, and ingestion rate are the most influential factors for non-cancer and cancer health risks. FAU - Nesic, Aleksandra AU - Nesic A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7971-7589 AD - Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Lucic, Milica AU - Lucic M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6867-9521 AD - Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Veskovic, Jelena AU - Veskovic J AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-4000-7916 AD - Faculty for Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Mandic, Ljiljana Jankovic AU - Mandic LJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1031-9106 AD - Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Momcilovic, Milan AU - Momcilovic M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5370-0148 AD - Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Nis, Visegradska 33, 18000 Nis, Serbia. FAU - Miletic, Andrijana AU - Miletic A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6310-5235 AD - Faculty for Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Onjia, Antonije AU - Onjia A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5694-7960 AD - Faculty for Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241225 PL - Switzerland TA - Foods JT - Foods (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101670569 PMC - PMC11719608 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Monte Carlo OT - cacao OT - cancer OT - dark chocolate OT - health risk OT - milk OT - non-carcinogenic OT - sensitivity OT - theobroma OT - weekly intake COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/01/11 13:57 MHDA- 2025/01/11 13:58 PMCR- 2024/12/25 CRDT- 2025/01/11 01:09 PHST- 2024/11/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/11 13:58 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/11 13:57 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/11 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - foods14010018 [pii] AID - foods-14-00018 [pii] AID - 10.3390/foods14010018 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Foods. 2024 Dec 25;14(1):18. doi: 10.3390/foods14010018. PMID- 39790747 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250111 IS - 2249-4863 (Print) IS - 2278-7135 (Electronic) IS - 2249-4863 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec TI - The impact of COVID-19-induced distance learning on physical activity and dietary habits of female students in the Qassim Region. PG - 5536-5543 LID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_496_24 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected the physical activity (PA) levels and dietary habits of individuals, particularly children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia, owing to widespread closures and social distancing measures, including school closures. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the impact of distance learning (DL) on PA and dietary habits among public middle school girls during the pandemic. The Arab Teens Lifestyle Questionnaire (ATLS) was used to assess habitual PA, sedentary behavior, and dietary habits. RESULTS: A total of 300 middle school female students, with an average age of 14 years, participated in the study. The results indicated a generally low level of PA among students during DL and after school reopening, with a significant decrease in specific types of PA, such as walking and stair climbing during DL. However, after schools reopened, there was a significant increase in students' participation in activities such as swimming, dancing, and housework (P < 0.05). Moreover, sleep hours and TV-watching time increased compared to the DL period. Despite the prevalence of students frequently consuming soft drinks, sugary treats, fried and fast foods, as well as sweets and chocolates during the lockdown, middle school girls also consumed a lot of fruits and vegetables. CONCLUSION: Assessing students' habitual PA and dietary habits during the lockdown may provide insights into their future health and well-being post-pandemic. This assessment can help in identifying strategies to redirect current PA levels to maintain health and prevent potential long-term health implications. CI - Copyright: (c) 2024 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. FAU - Almujaydil, Mona S AU - Almujaydil MS AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241209 PL - India TA - J Family Med Prim Care JT - Journal of family medicine and primary care JID - 101610082 PMC - PMC11709081 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - dietary habits OT - distance learning OT - health OT - middle school girls OT - physical activity COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2025/01/10 06:20 MHDA- 2025/01/10 06:21 PMCR- 2024/12/01 CRDT- 2025/01/10 04:21 PHST- 2024/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/10 06:21 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/10 06:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/10 04:21 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFMPC-13-5536 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_496_24 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Dec;13(12):5536-5543. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_496_24. Epub 2024 Dec 9. PMID- 39775793 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250430 LR - 20250520 IS - 1996-9805 (Electronic) IS - 1818-6300 (Print) IS - 1818-6300 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Feb TI - Changes in optical properties of aesthetic paediatric restorative materials following exposure to beverages: In-vitro study. PG - 159-167 LID - 10.1007/s40368-024-00986-4 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Optical properties of recent aesthetic restorative materials must maintain an acceptable appearance throughout their functional lifetime. This study aimed to assess the changes in translucency and colour of recent resin-based restorative materials after exposure to beverages commonly consumed by children. METHODS: An experimental in-vitro study on 48 discs specimens prepared from; Group I: Filtek Z250 XT (Nanohybrid), Group II: Cention N (Alkasite bulkfill), and Group III: SDR flow Plus (Flowable bulkfill). The prepared disc specimens were randomly assigned into 4 subgroups (n = 12) according to the immersion solution: Subgroup A (control): distilled water, B: Coca-Cola, C: chocolate milk, and D: Orange juice. Translucency and colour measurements were done before immersion (baseline) and on day 30 of exposure. Statistical analysis involved Two Way Repeated Measures ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: The statistical analysis revealed that the restorative material, immersion time, and immersion solution had a significant effect on the change in translucency (p < 0.0001*, p < 0.0001*, p = 0.001*, respectively). Regarding colour changes, different immersion solutions had a statistically significant effect on Filtek Z250 XT and Cention N (p < 0.0001*). Distilled water and Coca-Cola were found to have a significant effect on colour change for all restorative materials investigated (p < 0.0001*, p = 0.003*). CONCLUSION: the optical properties of resin-based restorative materials used in paediatric dentistry were notably affected by prolonged exposure to beverages commonly consumed by children. CI - (c) 2025. The Author(s). FAU - Elkhatib, A A AU - Elkhatib AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7902-1530 AD - Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. amira_elkhateb@den.kfs.edu.eg. FAU - Elwardani, G E AU - Elwardani GE AD - Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department.Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. AD - Alexandria University Main Hospitals, Alexandria, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20250107 PL - England TA - Eur Arch Paediatr Dent JT - European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry JID - 101277157 RN - 0 (Composite Resins) RN - 0 (Dental Materials) RN - 0 (Filtek Z250) SB - IM MH - *Composite Resins/chemistry MH - *Beverages MH - Humans MH - Color MH - In Vitro Techniques MH - *Dental Materials/chemistry MH - Materials Testing MH - Esthetics, Dental MH - *Dental Restoration, Permanent MH - Child MH - Fruit and Vegetable Juices MH - Immersion MH - Carbonated Beverages PMC - PMC11865117 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aesthetic OT - Beverages OT - Colour OT - Primary teeth OT - Translucency COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could appear to have influenced the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2025/01/08 18:22 MHDA- 2025/02/26 12:24 PMCR- 2025/01/07 CRDT- 2025/01/08 17:13 PHST- 2024/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/26 12:24 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/08 18:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/01/08 17:13 [entrez] PHST- 2025/01/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40368-024-00986-4 [pii] AID - 986 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40368-024-00986-4 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2025 Feb;26(1):159-167. doi: 10.1007/s40368-024-00986-4. Epub 2025 Jan 7. PMID- 39738881 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241231 LR - 20250218 IS - 1436-6215 (Electronic) IS - 1436-6207 (Print) IS - 1436-6207 (Linking) VI - 64 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Dec 30 TI - Dietary sources of free, added, and total sugars in Swedish adolescents. PG - 57 LID - 10.1007/s00394-024-03568-8 [doi] LID - 57 AB - PURPOSE: Swedish adolescents' free and added sugars intake exceeds recommended levels. This poses potential health problems; however, little is known about dietary sources within the Swedish population. This study investigated dietary sources of sugars among Swedish adolescents, as well as timing and location of free sugars intake. METHODS: A nationally representative sample of 3099 adolescents in school years 5, 8 and 11 (ages around 12, 15 and 18) was derived from the Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-17 cross-sectional survey. Dietary intake was self-reported over two non-consecutive days of retrospective registration. Various food categories' contribution to sugars intake were evaluated in relative and absolute terms. To analyse differences between subsamples in consumption, non-parametric tests and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) were the biggest source of free (30%) and added sugars (34%) within the population, contributing with 4.4% of total energy intake among consumers. SSBs were particularly consumed by boys, adolescents to parents with lower education levels, and those residing in smaller cities/rural areas. Other food categories contributing substantially to free sugars intake were sweets and chocolates (20%), sweet bakery products and desserts (11%), fruit juices (11%), and sweetened dairy products (9%). Intakes of free sugars were higher during weekends, mostly consumed outside of main meals, predominantly within the home environment. CONCLUSION: The majority of free and added sugars consumed by Swedish adolescents comes from nutrient-poor food sources. SSB intake is highly associated with free and added sugars intake and is the primary source of sugars in the adolescent diet. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Wanselius, Julia AU - Wanselius J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8431-3682 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. julia.wanselius@gu.se. FAU - Lindroos, Anna Karin AU - Lindroos AK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4748-4300 AD - Division for Risk and Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden. AD - Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Moraeus, Lotta AU - Moraeus L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5479-4948 AD - Division for Risk and Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Patterson, Emma AU - Patterson E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1208-0936 AD - Division for Risk and Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Berg, Christina AU - Berg C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7953-5037 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Larsson, Christel AU - Larsson C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5785-0271 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241230 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Nutr JT - European journal of nutrition JID - 100888704 RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Sweden MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Dietary Sugars/analysis/administration & dosage MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data/methods MH - *Sugar-Sweetened Beverages/statistics & numerical data MH - Child MH - Energy Intake PMC - PMC11685256 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Added sugars OT - Adolescents OT - Food sources OT - Free sugars OT - Sugar sweetened beverages OT - Sugary foods and beverages COIS- Declarations. Ethical approval: This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and all procedures involving research study participants were approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Uppsala (No. 2015/190). Consent to participate: Written or verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants. Verbal consent was witnessed and formally recorded. Competing interests: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. EDAT- 2025/01/01 12:41 MHDA- 2025/01/01 12:42 PMCR- 2024/12/30 CRDT- 2024/12/31 13:01 PHST- 2024/09/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/01 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2025/01/01 12:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/31 13:01 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00394-024-03568-8 [pii] AID - 3568 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00394-024-03568-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Eur J Nutr. 2024 Dec 30;64(1):57. doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03568-8. PMID- 39718643 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241224 LR - 20250205 IS - 1573-2983 (Electronic) IS - 0269-4042 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Dec 24 TI - Uptake and in-vitro bioaccessibility of toxic metals in cocoa beans: Human health risks. PG - 33 LID - 10.1007/s10653-024-02345-0 [doi] AB - Cocoa-growing areas in Ghana have experienced a rise in mining activities affecting cocoa cultivation and increased concentrations of potentially toxic metals in the soil, which can accumulate in cocoa beans. This study evaluated potential toxic metal contamination in cocoa beans and soils from cocoa farms in mining and non-mining areas in Ghana. We used X-ray fluorescence and an ICP-MS to determine metal concentrations, and a Zeeman mercury analyzer to determine mercury. The farm soils exhibited a pH range of 4.08 - 6.86, electrical conductivity between 29.16 and 870.50 muS/cm, and soil organic matter content ranging from 4.78 to 7.38%. Generally, metal concentrations in the soil were within the Canadian Soil Quality Guidelines for Agricultural soils, Dutch Target and Intervention Values, and the world average world soil for unpolluted soils but varied between study areas. Arsenic (1.20 - 1.33 mg/kg), cadmium (2.68 - 3.16 mg/kg), chromium (9.31-11.73 mg/kg), copper (59.69-70.88 mg/kg), mercury (0.008-0.017 mg/kg), manganese (18.90-23.68 mg/kg), nickel (10.19-11.76 mg/kg), lead (1.71-1.86 mg/kg), and zinc (80.20-87.34 mg/kg) were found in cocoa beans. The mean bioaccessibility for metals in cocoa beans, except for As, Cu, and Pb, was greater than 60%. Cadmium had high contamination in soil; geoaccumulation (Igeo > 3), contamination factor (CF > 18), and enrichment factor (EF > 70.21), while Cu and Zn had high bioaccumulation (BF > 4). The target hazard quotient value for metals in all farms showed no potential health risk (THQ < 1) for both children and adult consumers. The cocoa beans produced have low risk upon consumption. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. FAU - Frimpong, Emmanuel AU - Frimpong E AD - Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Ankapong, Edward AU - Ankapong E AD - Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. AD - Department of Chemistry Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana. FAU - Boakye, Kwadwo Owusu AU - Boakye KO AD - Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Ansah, Eugene AU - Ansah E AD - Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Gyamfi, Opoku AU - Gyamfi O AD - Department of Chemistry Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana. FAU - Barnes, Benedict AU - Barnes B AD - Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. FAU - Dodd, Matt AU - Dodd M AD - School of Environment and Sustainability, Royal Roads University, Victoria, BC, Canada. FAU - Darko, Godfred AU - Darko G AD - Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. gdarko.sci@knust.edu.gh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241224 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Geochem Health JT - Environmental geochemistry and health JID - 8903118 RN - 0 (Soil Pollutants) RN - 0 (Metals, Heavy) RN - 0 (Soil) SB - IM MH - *Cacao/chemistry MH - *Soil Pollutants/analysis MH - Humans MH - Risk Assessment MH - Ghana MH - Biological Availability MH - Metals, Heavy/analysis MH - Food Contamination/analysis MH - Mining MH - Soil/chemistry MH - Environmental Monitoring/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artisanal gold mining OT - Bioaccumulation OT - Food contamination OT - Metal pollution COIS- Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare they have no financial or non-financial interests that are directly or indirectly related to the work submitted for publication. EDAT- 2024/12/24 12:20 MHDA- 2024/12/24 12:21 CRDT- 2024/12/24 11:15 PHST- 2024/07/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/12/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/24 12:21 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/24 12:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/24 11:15 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s10653-024-02345-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10653-024-02345-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Environ Geochem Health. 2024 Dec 24;47(2):33. doi: 10.1007/s10653-024-02345-0. PMID- 39696891 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241219 LR - 20250104 IS - 1550-2783 (Electronic) IS - 1550-2783 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2025 Dec TI - Association between salivary /microbiological parameters, oral health and eating habits in young athletes. PG - 2443018 LID - 10.1080/15502783.2024.2443018 [doi] LID - 2443018 AB - BACKGROUND: Athletes' oral health can impact overall well-being and sports performance. This study aimed to evaluate the interactions between eating habits and oral health of 120 young athletes as compared to 30 age-matched individuals not practicing sports based on a questionnaire and the analysis of saliva. METHODS: One hundred twenty subjects practicing various sports activities (test group) and 30 subjects not practicing sports (control group) were selected. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain personal data, hours and frequency of weekly training, complete pathological history, history of hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity, family history, and oral hygiene practices. The eating habits of the young participants were analyzed by investigating the number of daily meals; use and frequency in sports practice of supplements/energy drinks, fruit/juices, snacks, chocolate; daily diet; and differences between usual diet and pre-competition diet. At baseline (T0), each participant was clinically assessed for the determination of the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), Silness & Loe Plaque Index (PI), and the Loe & Silness Gingival Index (GI) and qualitative analysis for the presence/absence of stains and dental erosions. At T0, before (T1) and after training sessions (T2), saliva was collected to determine resting pH, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus spp counts. RESULTS: Test groups were trained more than 2 h, 5 times a week. Soccer players and skiers had a high percentage of caries; water polo players demonstrated the highest percentage of erosions and dental stains. Salivary resting pH showed statistically different values in three different observations between the groups. S. mutans was harbored by 60% of soccer and 70% of water polo players, while Lactobacillus spp in 43.33% of the swimmers and soccer players. Combining all the 56 variables including the clinical examination, self-reported parameters, and salivary analysis, we have identified water polo players as a distinct at-risk group for developing dental defects, expressed as an aggregate disease score. In particular, we have found that energy snacks/chocolate intake is strongly associated with ratio of S. mutans/Lactobacillus spp and that S. mutans is linked to dental defects (R = 0.88). Linear regression analysis indicates that energy snacks/chocolate intake in the study population represents a strong driver for oral dysbiosis and dental disease. CONCLUSIONS: Our study clearly shows that athletes should follow a balanced diet that not only satisfies their nutritional needs but also avoids oral dysbiosis and subsequent dental damage. FAU - Tripodi, Domenico AU - Tripodi D AD - University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti, Italy. FAU - Cosi, Alessia AU - Cosi A AD - University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti, Italy. FAU - Valloreo, Rosita AU - Valloreo R AD - University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti, Italy. FAU - Fulco, Domenico AU - Fulco D AD - University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti, Italy. FAU - Tieri, Marco AU - Tieri M AD - University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti, Italy. FAU - Alberi Auber, Lavinia AU - Alberi Auber L AD - VitalizeDx, Epalinges, Switzerland. FAU - D'Ercole, Simonetta AU - D'Ercole S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4797-4019 AD - University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241218 PL - United States TA - J Int Soc Sports Nutr JT - Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition JID - 101234168 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Saliva/chemistry/microbiology MH - Male MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - *Oral Health MH - Adolescent MH - Streptococcus mutans MH - Athletes MH - Lactobacillus MH - Diet MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult MH - Oral Hygiene MH - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MH - Dental Plaque Index MH - Periodontal Index MH - DMF Index PMC - PMC11660304 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Saliva OT - adolescent health OT - food habits OT - nutrition OT - sport COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2024/12/19 06:23 MHDA- 2024/12/19 06:24 PMCR- 2024/12/18 CRDT- 2024/12/19 02:32 PHST- 2024/12/19 06:24 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/19 06:23 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/19 02:32 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2443018 [pii] AID - 10.1080/15502783.2024.2443018 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2025 Dec;22(1):2443018. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2443018. Epub 2024 Dec 18. PMID- 39666636 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250719 IS - 2767-3375 (Electronic) IS - 2767-3375 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 12 DP - 2024 TI - Recall, understanding, use, and impact of front-of-package warning labels on ultra-processed foods: A qualitative study with mothers of preschool children in Peru. PG - e0003938 LID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003938 [doi] LID - e0003938 AB - In its efforts to reduce increasing rates of obesity and nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases, Peru implemented front-of-package (FOP) warning labels (also called warnings) on processed and ultra-processed foods in June 2019. The goal was to inform consumers about high levels of sugars, saturated fats, sodium, and trans fats in packaged products. We designed a qualitative study to reveal the recall, understanding, and use of the warnings and to explore the perceived changes in purchasing behaviors among mothers of preschool children in Peru. In mid-2021 we conducted 18 focus groups with 98 mothers from 2 socioeconomic strata (SES) residing in 4 geographically and culturally diverse cities. We analyzed the focus group transcripts for themes relating to the mothers' awareness, understanding, and use of the warnings and the warnings' influence. Our results show that most mothers remembered the warnings and understood their general purpose and meaning, although some warnings were more easily remembered and understood than others. For example, sugar was easier than trans fats. Many mothers considered the warnings in their purchase decisions, although the impact of the warnings on final purchase decisions varied. The warnings were less effective for products that mothers already knew were high in critical nutrients, that they considered essential for certain preparations (e.g., butter), or that they enjoyed (e.g., chocolate). Most mothers reported changes in their purchasing and eating habits due to the warnings, mainly in reducing the frequency and quantity of some processed food intake and opting instead for homemade preparations or warning-free packaged products. Our study shows the usefulness of the FOP warning labels for informing consumers from different settings and SES about the healthfulness of packaged products. The study identifies key areas in which Peru can improve the policy and offers valuable lessons for other countries interested in the implementation of FOP warning labels. CI - Copyright: (c) 2024 Diez-Canseco et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Diez-Canseco, Francisco AU - Diez-Canseco F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7611-8190 AD - CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. FAU - Najarro, Lizzete AU - Najarro L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1163-2508 AD - CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. FAU - Cavero, Victoria AU - Cavero V AD - CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. FAU - Saavedra-Garcia, Lorena AU - Saavedra-Garcia L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1524-780X AD - CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. FAU - Taillie, Lindsey Smith AU - Taillie LS AD - Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America. AD - Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America. FAU - Carpentier, Francesca R Dillman AU - Carpentier FRD AD - Hussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America. FAU - Miranda, J Jaime AU - Miranda JJ AD - CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. AD - Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. LA - eng GR - P30 DK056350/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241212 PL - United States TA - PLOS Glob Public Health JT - PLOS global public health JID - 9918283779606676 PMC - PMC11637309 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2024/12/12 18:23 MHDA- 2024/12/12 18:24 PMCR- 2024/12/12 CRDT- 2024/12/12 13:34 PHST- 2024/06/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/12 18:24 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/12 18:23 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/12 13:34 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PGPH-D-24-01396 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003938 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Dec 12;4(12):e0003938. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003938. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39658034 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241210 LR - 20260917 IS - 1678-4227 (Electronic) IS - 0004-282X (Print) IS - 0004-282X (Linking) VI - 82 IP - 11 DP - 2024 Nov TI - Relationship between food triggers and sensory hypersensitivity in patients with migraine. PG - 1-7 LID - 10.1055/s-0044-1793934 [doi] LID - s00441793934 AB - BACKGROUND: The recognition of food as the trigger of attacks occurs in approximately 25% of individuals with migraine. However, differentiating migraine food triggers and prodrome symptoms is still a challenge. OBJECTIVE: To understand the association of clinical characteristics of migraine with food triggers and to identify predictors of food triggers. METHODS: Patients with migraine diagnosed according to the criteria of the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) were evaluated for the presence or absence of food triggers. RESULTS: In total, 502 patients with migraine were investigated, and they were divided into two groups: those with food triggers (58.4%) and those without food triggers (41.6%). The main food triggers were alcohol (44%), chocolate (42%), cheese (27.7%), excess carbohydrates (27.7%), coffee (21.8%), cold cuts (16%), and citrus fruits (11.9%). Aura and excessive use of analgesics were more frequent among patients with food triggers (p = 0.022). Photophobia and osmophobia were associated with the presence of a food trigger (p < 0.001). There was a greater impact of migraine in the presence of food triggers (p = 0.002). Through binary logistic regression, we identified clinical predictors of food triggers, such as photophobia and osmophobia. CONCLUSION: The presence of a food trigger was significantly associated with photophobia and osmophobia. Osmophobia might be another mechanism by which patients perceive foods as triggers for their migraine attacks. CI - The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). FAU - Vitali-Silva, Aline AU - Vitali-Silva A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7797-9227 AD - Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Escola de Medicina e Ciencias da Vida, Curso de Medicina, Londrina PR, Brazil. FAU - Bello, Valeria Aparecida AU - Bello VA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7919-6218 AD - Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Escola de Medicina e Ciencias da Vida, Curso de Medicina, Londrina PR, Brazil. FAU - Poli-Frederico, Regina Celia AU - Poli-Frederico RC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4631-4606 AD - Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Escola de Medicina e Ciencias da Vida, Curso de Medicina, Londrina PR, Brazil. FAU - Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Coral de AU - Oliveira CEC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0502-2255 AD - Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Escola de Medicina e Ciencias da Vida, Curso de Medicina, Londrina PR, Brazil. FAU - Reiche, Edna Maria Vissoci AU - Reiche EMV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6507-2839 AD - Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Escola de Medicina e Ciencias da Vida, Curso de Medicina, Londrina PR, Brazil. FAU - Bossa, Beatriz Bagatim AU - Bossa BB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5538-1689 AD - Hospital Evangelico de Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil. FAU - Rezende, Debora Villas Boas AU - Rezende DVB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8694-4306 AD - Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Escola de Medicina e Ciencias da Vida, Curso de Medicina, Londrina PR, Brazil. FAU - Khouri, Barbara Ferreira AU - Khouri BF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7232-8804 AD - Hospital Evangelico de Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil. FAU - Silva-Neto, Raimundo Pereira AU - Silva-Neto RP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2343-9679 AD - Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaiba, Curso de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia, Parnaiba PI, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article TT - Relacao entre gatilhos alimentares e hipersensibilidade sensorial em pacientes com migranea. DEP - 20241210 PL - Germany TA - Arq Neuropsiquiatr JT - Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria JID - 0125444 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - *Migraine Disorders/etiology MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Food/adverse effects MH - Adolescent MH - Food Hypersensitivity/complications PMC - PMC11631539 COIS- The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2024/12/11 00:23 MHDA- 2024/12/11 00:24 PMCR- 2024/12/01 CRDT- 2024/12/10 20:13 PHST- 2024/12/11 00:24 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/11 00:23 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/10 20:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ANP-24-0161 [pii] AID - s00441793934 [pii] AID - 10.1055/s-0044-1793934 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2024 Nov;82(11):1-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1793934. Epub 2024 Dec 10. PMID- 39643224 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250426 LR - 20250518 IS - 1873-6424 (Electronic) IS - 0269-7491 (Linking) VI - 366 DP - 2025 Feb 1 TI - PM exposure during pregnancy affects childhood asthma via placental epigenetic changes: Neuronal differentiation and proliferation and Notch signaling pathways. PG - 125471 LID - S0269-7491(24)02188-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125471 [doi] AB - Particulate matter (PM) exposure during pregnancy increases the risk of developing asthma in children. However, the placental mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. This study aims to evaluate the mechanisms associated with PM exposure during pregnancy and asthma susceptibility via placental epigenetic dysregulation. We analyzed data from two independent Korean birth cohorts (COCOA, 684 children; PSKC, 818 children). Physician-diagnosed current asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) via methacholine challenge tests were evaluated at age seven. We estimated PM exposure with a diameter <10 mum (PM(10)) during pregnancy using land-use regression models. We performed genome-wide methylation profiling in the placenta of 40 samples in the COCOA study and analyzed the gene expression levels. High PM(10) exposure during pregnancy increased the risk of developing current asthma and BHR in the COCOA study (aOR 2.36, 95% CI 1.06-5.22; aOR 2.14, 95% CI 1.40-3.27, respectively) and current asthma in the PSKC (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.35-5.09). The genes involved in neuronal differentiation and proliferation and Notch signaling pathways were significantly hypermethylated in children with high PM(10)-exposed asthma. The methylation and expression levels of eight genes (PAX6, REST, OLIG2, GLI1, ZBTB7A, NOTCH4, NOTCH1, and NOTCH3) in these pathways correlated with clinical parameters. This may effectively predict PM-related asthma through a prediction model using degrees of gene-based or CpG-based methylation (AUC = 0.96 and 0.93, respectively). PM(10) exposure during pregnancy impacts asthma development in offspring via placental DNA hypermethylation via neuronal differentiation and proliferation and Notch signaling pathways. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Kim, Hyo-Bin AU - Kim HB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Si Hyeon AU - Lee SH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yang, Dae Yeol AU - Yang DY AD - Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Seung-Hwa AU - Lee SH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jeong-Hyun AU - Kim JH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hwan-Cheol AU - Kim HC AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Kil Yong AU - Choi KY AD - Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Anyang University, Anyang, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yang, Song-I AU - Yang SI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Suk-Joo AU - Choi SJ AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kwon, Ja-Young AU - Kwon JY AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Soo Hyun AU - Kim SH AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jun, Jong Kwan AU - Jun JK AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Mi-Young AU - Lee MY AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Won, Hye-Sung AU - Won HS AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kwoneel AU - Kim K AD - Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kwoneelkim@khu.ac.kr. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sjhong@amc.seoul.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241204 PL - England TA - Environ Pollut JT - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) JID - 8804476 RN - 0 (Receptors, Notch) RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Asthma/epidemiology MH - Pregnancy MH - Female MH - Epigenesis, Genetic MH - Signal Transduction MH - Receptors, Notch/metabolism MH - *Particulate Matter MH - Child MH - *Placenta/metabolism MH - Male MH - *Maternal Exposure/statistics & numerical data MH - *Air Pollutants MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology MH - DNA Methylation MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Cell Proliferation MH - Cell Differentiation OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma OT - Epigenetic dysregulation OT - Particulate matter OT - Placenta OT - Pregnancy COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/12/07 14:46 MHDA- 2025/01/25 13:52 CRDT- 2024/12/06 20:42 PHST- 2024/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/12/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/01/25 13:52 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/07 14:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/06 20:42 [entrez] AID - S0269-7491(24)02188-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125471 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Pollut. 2025 Feb 1;366:125471. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125471. Epub 2024 Dec 4. PMID- 39640034 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241207 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2024 TI - Differential exposure to palatable food and its effects on binge-like eating behavior in adolescent rats. PG - 1468984 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1468984 [doi] LID - 1468984 AB - INTRODUCTION: Consumption of palatable food (PF) can lead to chronic overconsumption and obesity. Furthermore, adolescents may be vulnerable to excessively reinforcing foods, which increases the probability of developing overweight and obesity in adulthood. The role of PF availability in binge-like intake among adolescents without caloric needs remains unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate which PF access protocol is the most sensitive to induce increased caloric intake and binge-like eating during adolescence. METHODS: We used 24 male Wistar rats [30 postnatal days (PND)]; standard food and water were provided ad libitum. Rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (a) continuous, daily access to PF; (b) intermittent, 1-day access/1-day no-access; or (c) weekend, 3 days-access/4 days no-access. All groups had 1 h access to PF (chocolate sandwich cookies). Access protocols were maintained for 6 weeks; afterward, rats underwent a 7-day withdrawal period, and were then evaluated on a binge-eating test. RESULTS: Chronic restricted PF access induces binge-like intake, with intermittent access resulting in the highest binge index. Additionally, caloric intake of PF increases over time during adolescence, with differential effects of intermittent and weekend access. CONCLUSION: Chronic restricted access to PF during adolescence induces binge-like intake, with differences depending on PF availability. This can lead to chronic overconsumption under non-homeostatic conditions. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Chavez-Hernandez, Rodriguez-Serrano, Diaz-Urbina, Munoz-Sanchez, Buenrostro-Jauregui and Escartin-Perez. FAU - Chavez-Hernandez, Maria Elena AU - Chavez-Hernandez ME AD - Psychology Department at the Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Rodriguez-Serrano, Luis Miguel AU - Rodriguez-Serrano LM AD - Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM. Laboratorio de Neurobiologia de la Alimentacion, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Diaz-Urbina, Daniel AU - Diaz-Urbina D AD - Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM. Laboratorio de Neurobiologia de la Alimentacion, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico. AD - Laboratory on Neurobiology of Compulsive Behaviors, NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Munoz-Sanchez, Sinuhe AU - Munoz-Sanchez S AD - Psychology Department at the Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Buenrostro-Jauregui, Mario Humberto AU - Buenrostro-Jauregui MH AD - Psychology Department at the Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. FAU - Escartin-Perez, Rodrigo Erick AU - Escartin-Perez RE AD - Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM. Laboratorio de Neurobiologia de la Alimentacion, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241121 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC11617159 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescence OT - binge-like intake OT - hedonic feeding OT - overconsumption OT - palatable food COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/12/06 06:23 MHDA- 2024/12/06 06:24 PMCR- 2024/11/21 CRDT- 2024/12/06 04:40 PHST- 2024/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/06 06:24 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/06 06:23 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/06 04:40 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1468984 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2024 Nov 21;15:1468984. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1468984. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39623864 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241203 LR - 20241203 IS - 2035-648X (Electronic) IS - 1591-996X (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Dec 1 TI - Childhood obesity, sugar, and Early Childhood Caries: the sweet trap. PG - 254-255 LID - 10.23804/ejpd.2024.25.04.01 [doi] AB - What drives our irresistible attraction to foods like chocolate, fries, or a warm apple pie? Sugar intake triggers the brain's dopamine system, creating a sense of reward that unconsciously conditions a preference for foods that satisfy cravings. Over time, this weakens attraction to healthier, low-fat and low-sugar foods. This response shares characteristics with addiction, sparking the concept of "food addiction." For early humans, this reward-driven behaviour was advantageous, motivating them to seek high-calorie foods essential for survival when food was scarce. Today, however, it fuels a global surge in obesity and diabetes the real "killer" of our times. Additionally, a study on fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) found that a sugar-heavy diet reduces sensitivity to sweetness, leading to increased consumption. This phenomenon, like "desensitisation" in humans, suggests that high sugar intake may promote obesity by altering taste perception and reward circuits [May et al., 2019]. The link between sugar-rich diets, obesity, and public health is a critical concern for healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the sustainability of the western healthcare system. A 2024 study published in BMJ [Lara-Castor et al., 2024] revealed that from 1990 to 2018, the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in children and adolescents (aged 3-19) from 185 countries rose by 23%, paralleling a global rise in obesity rates in this age group (Fig. 1). The findings highlighted a range of consumption levels influenced by factors like age, parental education, and urban living; however, the overall increase calls for national and targeted approaches to reduce SSB intake. Exactly like the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) among children and adolescents aged 5-19 has risen dramatically from just 8% in 1990 to 20% in 2022. While just 2% of children and adolescents aged 5-19 was obese in 1990 (31 million young people), by 2022, 8% of children and adolescents were living with obesity (160 million young people) [GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators 2020; Okunogbe et al., 2022] (Fig. 2) [Ritchie and Roser, 2017]. Establishing good habits early is vital, as children are highly receptive to new behaviours. Notably, paediatric prevention begins even in the womb [Paglia 2017; Paglia, 2019]: a 2021 Canadian study [Laforest-Lapointeet al, 2021] linked maternal consumption of artificial sweeteners during pregnancy to an increased risk of infant obesity. By examining the gut microbiomes of 100 infants, researchers found that artificial sweetener intake could influence infant gut health and body mass index in the first year of life. The effects of sugar thus begin before birth and extend into early childhood. In Italy, added sugars are often introduced into infants' diets before 12 months, and delayed oral hygiene practices worsen the risks. Parental obesity further correlates with a higher incidence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC), emphasizing the need to address sugar consumption and health habits from prenatal to early childhood stages [D'oria, Bettocchi et al., 2024] Addressing the roots of obesity and diet-related diseases in young populations is therefore crucial and early intervention is key. In Italy, the government is attempting to curb sugar consumption through the so-called "sugar tax," introduced in the 2020 Budget Law. The tax was initially set to take effect on January 1st, 2021; but was postponed to January 1st, 2022. Then to January 1st, 2023; again to January 1st, 2024, and recently postponed once more to January 1st, 2025...Hoping next year will finally be the one! FAU - Colombo, S AU - Colombo S AD - Deputy Editor - European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. FAU - Paglia, L AU - Paglia L AD - Editor in chief - European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Italy TA - Eur J Paediatr Dent JT - European journal of paediatric dentistry JID - 101121881 RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Pediatric Obesity MH - *Dental Caries/etiology/epidemiology MH - *Sugar-Sweetened Beverages/adverse effects MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - Dietary Sugars/adverse effects MH - Food Preferences EDAT- 2024/12/03 06:25 MHDA- 2024/12/03 06:26 CRDT- 2024/12/03 02:40 PHST- 2024/12/03 06:26 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/03 06:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/03 02:40 [entrez] AID - 10.23804/ejpd.2024.25.04.01 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2024 Dec 1;25(4):254-255. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2024.25.04.01. PMID- 39620068 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241202 IS - 1436-3798 (Print) IS - 1436-378X (Electronic) IS - 1436-3798 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 2 DP - 2024 TI - The role of household labour for sustainable intensification in smallholder systems: a case study in cocoa farming systems. PG - 83 LID - 10.1007/s10113-024-02243-2 [doi] LID - 83 AB - Sustainable agricultural intensification aims at increasing yields on existing agricultural land without negative environmental impacts. Managing pests and diseases contributes to increasing yields. Without synthetic pesticides, this management is labour intensive. Smallholder farming systems heavily rely on manual and household labour, which will be affected by future demographic changes. Knowledge on how these changes will affect sustainable intensification is limited. Based on a case study of Ugandan cocoa farms, we tested the impact of increased household labour availability on pest and disease management (PDM) practices and pesticide use. We made use of a unique quasi-experimental design, in which household labour increased during the national COVID-19 lockdowns as children did not attend school and family members returned from cities. Our interview data from 2019 to 2021 showed that household labour availability increased on average by 0.8 (+/-2.5) household members and 16% of labour days per hectare. Using different regression models complemented with qualitative insights, we found that the uptake of alternative PDM practices significantly reduced pesticide quantities and expenditures. The implementation of alternative PDM practices was only weakly influenced by household labour availability and increased with farmer training and trust in alternative practices. These results imply that alternative PDM practices are an important pillar for production with little or without synthetic pesticides and their adoption requires support and incentives, especially on labour or resource-constrained farms. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10113-024-02243-2. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2024. FAU - Tennhardt, Lina M AU - Tennhardt LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5297-1031 AD - Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, 5070 Frick, Switzerland. ROR: https://ror.org/039t93g49. GRID: grid.424520.5. ISNI: 0000 0004 0511 762X AD - Earth and Life Institute, University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. GRID: grid.7942.8. ISNI: 0000 0001 2294 713X FAU - Lazzarini, Gianna A AU - Lazzarini GA AD - Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, 5070 Frick, Switzerland. ROR: https://ror.org/039t93g49. GRID: grid.424520.5. ISNI: 0000 0004 0511 762X FAU - Schader, Christian AU - Schader C AD - Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, 5070 Frick, Switzerland. ROR: https://ror.org/039t93g49. GRID: grid.424520.5. ISNI: 0000 0004 0511 762X FAU - Martin, Kagimu AU - Martin K AD - Farmer Action Learning for Sustainable Agricultural Management (FALSAM), Kampala, Uganda. FAU - Lambin, Eric F AU - Lambin EF AD - Earth and Life Institute, University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. GRID: grid.7942.8. ISNI: 0000 0001 2294 713X AD - Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA. ROR: https://ror.org/00f54p054. GRID: grid.168010.e. ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 8956 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240517 PL - United States TA - Reg Environ Change JT - Regional environmental change JID - 101651084 PMC - PMC11608173 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Cocoa OT - Labour availability OT - Pest and disease management OT - Sustainable agricultural intensification OT - Uganda COIS- Conflict of interestThe authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/12/02 06:27 MHDA- 2024/12/02 06:28 PMCR- 2024/05/17 CRDT- 2024/12/02 05:29 PHST- 2023/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/02 06:28 [medline] PHST- 2024/12/02 06:27 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/12/02 05:29 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2243 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10113-024-02243-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Reg Environ Change. 2024;24(2):83. doi: 10.1007/s10113-024-02243-2. Epub 2024 May 17. PMID- 39614561 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241130 LR - 20241130 IS - 1873-7145 (Electronic) IS - 0963-9969 (Linking) VI - 196 DP - 2024 Nov TI - The impact of plant-based product denomination on consumer expectations and sensory perception: A study with vegan chocolate dessert. PG - 115069 LID - S0963-9969(24)01139-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115069 [doi] AB - In recent years, there has been a growing demand for plant-based products from omnivorous consumers seeking a healthier and more sustainable diet, but sensory issues can still impact the consumption experience. Since food denomination and labeling can play a crucial role in consumer expectation and perception, investigating these interactions is essential. Thus, this study investigated the influence of plant-based product denominations on consumer expectations and sensory perceptions. Using descriptive and affective sensory analysis methods, the response of 300 untrained consumers to three variations of product denomination for the same sample of vegan chocolate dessert was evaluated: Vegan Chocolate Mousse (VCM), Chocolate Mousse (CM), and Creamy Coconut Dessert with Cacao (CCDC). The results indicated that the attributes expected by consumers for each denomination did not always correspond to the actual perceptions, particularly in terms of taste and aroma. The attributes highlighted in the consumption expectation varied among the sales denominations, although the perceived attributes did not significantly differ between the names. Furthermore, the addition of the term "vegan" in the name contributed to a greater correspondence between expectation and consumption reality, although the acceptance score did not significantly differ between the denominations. It was also noted that the term "mousse" did not adequately reflect the texture of the products, prompting consumers to suggest replacing the term with "cream." The study reinforces the importance of transparent and informative labeling strategies to promote the acceptance of plant-based foods, thereby encouraging increased consumption frequency of plant-based analogs by non-restricted diet consumers, resulting in a better consumption experience. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Silas Souza, Alexandre Henrique AU - Silas Souza AH AD - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Food Science, DCA/UFLA- Lavras, MG, Brazil. FAU - Amorim, Katiucia Alves AU - Amorim KA AD - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Food Science, DCA/UFLA- Lavras, MG, Brazil. FAU - Passos, Louise Paiva AU - Passos LP AD - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Food Science, DCA/UFLA- Lavras, MG, Brazil. FAU - Galdino, Maria Laura Silva AU - Galdino MLS AD - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Food Science, DCA/UFLA- Lavras, MG, Brazil. FAU - Marinho, Julia Fernanda Urbano AU - Marinho JFU AD - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Food Science, DCA/UFLA- Lavras, MG, Brazil. FAU - Marques, Juliana Santos AU - Marques JS AD - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Food Science, DCA/UFLA- Lavras, MG, Brazil. FAU - Regalado, Karen Lendengue de Matos AU - Regalado KLM AD - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Food Science, DCA/UFLA- Lavras, MG, Brazil. FAU - Pinheiro, Ana Carla Marques AU - Pinheiro ACM AD - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Food Science, DCA/UFLA- Lavras, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: anacarlamp@ufla.br. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240912 PL - Canada TA - Food Res Int JT - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) JID - 9210143 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Male MH - *Chocolate MH - Young Adult MH - *Taste MH - *Food Preferences MH - Middle Aged MH - *Cacao MH - Adolescent MH - Odorants MH - Vegans MH - Food Labeling MH - Taste Perception OTO - NOTNLM OT - Consumer behavior OT - Plant-based OT - Product denomination OT - Sensory analysis COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/11/30 12:41 MHDA- 2024/11/30 12:42 CRDT- 2024/11/30 01:01 PHST- 2024/04/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/30 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/30 12:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/30 01:01 [entrez] AID - S0963-9969(24)01139-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115069 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Res Int. 2024 Nov;196:115069. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115069. Epub 2024 Sep 12. PMID- 39614227 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241130 LR - 20241202 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Nov 29 TI - Influencing children: food cues in YouTube content from child and youth influencers. PG - 3340 LID - 10.1186/s12889-024-20870-6 [doi] LID - 3340 AB - Digital marketing of unhealthy foods is linked to childhood obesity. This study evaluated nutrient quality and creative strategies of food cues on social media, focusing on child/youth influencers, to inform the ongoing digital media regulatory debate. Using the WHO's Monitoring of Marketing of Unhealthy Products to Children and Adolescents protocol, 162 videos from seven child/youth influencers' YouTube accounts with German content (33.8 h) were analyzed, classifying foods and beverages as permitted or not based on the WHO Nutrient Profile Model. Two-thirds (67%) of the n = 901 food cues analyzed were not permitted for marketing to children, 30.4% were permitted, and 2.6% were miscellaneous. Chocolate had the biggest proportion (19.8%). Child-appealing food cues were significantly more likely to feature not permitted foods than permitted foods (91.1% vs. 71.9%, p < 0.001). Of branded foods, 46.5% were not permitted foods and 7.7% were permitted foods (p < 0.001), and of those with positive verbal attributions/reactions, 36.9% were not permitted foods, and 28.1% were permitted foods (p < 0.001). Similarly, compared to 36.9% of not permitted foods, only 28.1% of permitted foods were presented with positive verbal attributions/reactions (p < 0.001). Children are exposed to extensive appealing presentations of food not permitted for marketing to children via influencers on digital media. Policy makers need to become more active in monitoring and regulating this content. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Naderer, Brigitte AU - Naderer B AD - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna, 1090, Austria. FAU - Wakolbinger, Maria AU - Wakolbinger M AD - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna, 1090, Austria. maria.wakolbinger@meduniwien.ac.at. FAU - Haider, Sandra AU - Haider S AD - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna, 1090, Austria. FAU - Tatlow-Golden, Mimi AU - Tatlow-Golden M AD - School of Education, Childhood, Youth and Sport, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK. FAU - Muc, Magdalena AU - Muc M AD - School of Education, Childhood, Youth and Sport, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK. FAU - Boyland, Emma AU - Boyland E AD - Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, UK. FAU - Winzer, Eva AU - Winzer E AD - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna, 1090, Austria. LA - eng GR - 2022-0.359.107/Austrian Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241129 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Social Media/statistics & numerical data MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - *Cues MH - Female MH - Male MH - Food MH - Marketing MH - Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control MH - Germany MH - Nutritive Value MH - Food Preferences/psychology PMC - PMC11607801 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child influencer OT - Children OT - Digital marketing OT - Food and beverage cues OT - Social media influencer COIS- Decleration. Ethics approval and consent to participate: No human participants were involved, so ethical approval was not required. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/11/30 11:17 MHDA- 2024/11/30 12:41 PMCR- 2024/11/29 CRDT- 2024/11/29 23:48 PHST- 2024/09/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/30 12:41 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/30 11:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/29 23:48 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-024-20870-6 [pii] AID - 20870 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-024-20870-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2024 Nov 29;24(1):3340. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20870-6. PMID- 39594065 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260923 IS - 2304-8158 (Print) IS - 2304-8158 (Electronic) IS - 2304-8158 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 22 DP - 2024 Nov 16 TI - Dietary Risk Assessment of Cadmium Exposure Through Commonly Consumed Foodstuffs in Mexico. LID - 10.3390/foods13223649 [doi] LID - 3649 AB - Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal widely distributed in foodstuffs. In Mexico, few studies have evaluated Cd content in foods. This study aimed to determine Cd concentrations in foodstuffs that are highly consumed and bought in Mexico City to identify foods exceeding the Maximum Level (ML) and to assess the health risks of theoretical Cd intake from a diet following the Mexican Dietary Guidelines. A total of 143 foodstuffs were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Theoretical Cd intake was estimated in portions per week and compared with the Cd Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI = 2.5 mug/kg per body weight). A total of 68.5% of the foodstuffs had detectable Cd concentrations. Higher concentrations were found in oyster mushrooms (0.575 mg/kg), romaine lettuce (0.335 mg/kg), and cocoa powder (0.289 mg/kg). Food groups with higher mean concentrations were vegetables (0.084 mg/kg) and snacks, sweets, and desserts (0.049 mg/kg). Ancho chili and romaine lettuce exceed the ML. The theoretical Cd intake estimation was 1.80, 2.05, and 3.82 mug/kg per body weight for adults, adolescents, and school-age children, respectively. This theoretical Cd intake represents a health risk only for school children exceeding the TWI by 53.2%. Our study confirms the presence and risk of Cd in Mexican foodstuffs and highlights the importance of monitoring programs. FAU - Cantoral, Alejandra AU - Cantoral A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1397-8476 AD - Health Department, Iberoamericana University, Mexico City 01219, Mexico. FAU - Collado-Lopez, Sonia AU - Collado-Lopez S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1815-3385 AD - Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico. FAU - Betanzos-Robledo, Larissa AU - Betanzos-Robledo L AD - Doctoral Program in Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico. FAU - Lamadrid-Figueroa, Hector AU - Lamadrid-Figueroa H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8775-8399 AD - Department of Perinatal Health, Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico. FAU - Garcia-Martinez, Betzabeth A AU - Garcia-Martinez BA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9574-8702 AD - Service of Basic Neuroscience, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Mexico City 14389, Mexico. FAU - Rios, Camilo AU - Rios C AD - Research Direction, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Mexico City 14389, Mexico. FAU - Diaz-Ruiz, Araceli AU - Diaz-Ruiz A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1481-0966 AD - Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico. FAU - Mariscal-Moreno, Rosa Maria AU - Mariscal-Moreno RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9871-0614 AD - Health Department, Iberoamericana University, Mexico City 01219, Mexico. FAU - Tellez-Rojo, Martha Maria AU - Tellez-Rojo MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3322-3334 AD - Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico. LA - eng GR - 556419, 854860/Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologias/ GR - 2022/Pure Earth Mexico/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241116 PL - Switzerland TA - Foods JT - Foods (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101670569 PMC - PMC11593398 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cadmium OT - food contamination OT - health risk assessment OT - monitoring study OT - tolerable weekly intake COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/11/27 06:19 MHDA- 2024/11/27 06:20 PMCR- 2024/11/16 CRDT- 2024/11/27 01:10 PHST- 2024/10/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/11/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/11/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/27 06:20 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/27 06:19 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/27 01:10 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - foods13223649 [pii] AID - foods-13-03649 [pii] AID - 10.3390/foods13223649 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Foods. 2024 Nov 16;13(22):3649. doi: 10.3390/foods13223649. PMID- 39578492 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241123 LR - 20241126 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Nov 22 TI - Asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of multidrug resistant bacteria among children at University of Gondar Hospital Northwest Ethiopia Revealing Hidden Health Risks. PG - 28994 LID - 10.1038/s41598-024-77527-y [doi] LID - 28994 AB - Gram-negative bacteria in the nasopharynx can eventually invade bacteria-limited sites and cause serious illnesses such as meningitis, otitis media, and pneumonia. However, data related to the carriage of these bacteria in children attending outpatient departments in the study area are limited. To assess nasopharyngeal carriage, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and associated factors of gram-negative bacteria among children attending the outpatient department at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1, 2023, to December 30, 2023. A total of 385 children aged 3 to 14 years were enrolled using a systematic random sampling technique. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. A total of 385 nasopharyngeal samples were collected using a sterile specimen collection nasopharyngeal swab, transported using Amie's transport medium, and subsequently inoculated on chocolate agar, blood agar, modified thayer martin agar, and MacConkey agar plates. Bacterial species were identified by colony morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical tests such as oxidase tests, satellitism tests, and carbohydrate utilization tests. An antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using the Kirby-Bauer and modified Kirby-Bauer methods on Mueller-Hinton agar plates. The data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6.0.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. The adjusted odds ratio at a 95% confidence interval with a P value of < 0.05 in the binary logistic regression model was considered to indicate statistical significance. The overall nasopharyngeal carriage of gram-negative bacteria was 146 (37.9%) (95% CI: 33.2-42.9). Among these, nonfastidious gram-negative bacteria represented 45 (11.7%), followed by M. catarrhalis 41 (10.6%), N. meningitidis 34 (8.8%), and H. influenzae 26 (6.8%). The isolates exhibited high resistance to tetracycline (85; 75.9%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (105; 71.9%), ampicillin (76; 67.9%), and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (60; 69.8%) but high susceptibility to meropenem (122; 83.6%), gentamicin (73; 84.9%), and minocycline (87; 72.5%). There were 99 total multidrug-resistant strains (67.8%, 95% CI: 59.7-75.0). Male sex (AOR = 1.785, 95% CI: 1.102-2.892, P = 0.019), smoking (AOR = 2.675, 95% CI: 1.149-6.230, P = 0.022), and large family size (>/= 5) (AOR = 1.857, 95% CI: 1.140-3.023, P = 0.013) were risk factors for nasopharyngeal colonization. Increased nasopharyngeal colonization of multidrug-resistant gram-negative isolates was observed in this study. Gentamicin, minocycline, and meropenem were the most effective antibiotics for the tested isolates. Bacterial colonization increased with increasing family size, smoking status, and male sex. Therefore, a definitive diagnosis in the outpatient pediatric department should be based on culture and susceptibility test results. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Birhanu, Abebe AU - Birhanu A AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. Abebe.Birhanu@uog.edu.et. FAU - Amare, Azanaw AU - Amare A AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Tigabie, Mitkie AU - Tigabie M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Bitew, Getachew AU - Bitew G AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Cherkos, Tena AU - Cherkos T AD - Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Getaneh, Eden AU - Getaneh E AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Moges, Feleke AU - Moges F AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241122 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Nasopharynx/microbiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adolescent MH - *Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - *Carrier State/microbiology/epidemiology MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification MH - Risk Factors MH - Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology/epidemiology PMC - PMC11584812 COIS- Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/11/23 11:17 MHDA- 2024/11/23 11:18 PMCR- 2024/11/22 CRDT- 2024/11/23 02:01 PHST- 2024/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/23 11:18 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/23 11:17 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/23 02:01 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-77527-y [pii] AID - 77527 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-77527-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 22;14(1):28994. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77527-y. PMID- 39575694 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241122 LR - 20260407 IS - 1564-8265 (Electronic) IS - 0379-5721 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 2-3 DP - 2024 Jun TI - Intrahousehold Food Distribution in the Philippines: A Food Share Over Energy Share Perspective. PG - 91-104 LID - 10.1177/03795721241282415 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Studies on intrahousehold inequality in food distribution typically have focused on the distribution of total energy within the household. While some members within the household can satiate their hunger primarily from the consumption of inexpensive staple food items, others can consume a significantly larger share of much more expensive nonstaple food items rich in bioavailable micronutrients. This potential inequality, which significantly impacts micronutrient malnutrition in developing countries, can be influenced by the gender-related sociocultural norms. METHODS: This article uses a "food share over energy share (FS/ES)" methodology applied to the Philippines 2013 intrahousehold individual food consumption survey to examine patterns of dietary quality by age and gender. RESULTS: No pattern of age or gender discrimination is found; females consume most nonstaple foods somewhat more intensively than males. Preschoolers and young children relatively intensively consume higher amounts of milk and milk products, eggs, processed meat, noodles, sweets/desserts, sugars/syrups, and chocolate drinks. Adults relatively intensively consume fresh meat, organ meat, fish and seafood, vegetables, coffee, and alcohol. Adolescents transition between the two patterns as they grow older. CONCLUSION: The FS/ES methodology focuses on distribution choices of specific foods that family members explicitly know about. The implications of these behavioral choices (some foods are nutrient-dense, others not) for meeting nutrient requirements (of which most households are unaware) may be investigated separately. Several types of follow-up studies using the FS/ES methodology are suggested for a better understanding of the factors that drive food distribution behavior, which is key to effective nutrition messaging. Distribution of food among household members in the Philippines: Understanding how we share meals. FAU - Angeles-Agdeppa, Imelda AU - Angeles-Agdeppa I AD - Department of Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig City, Philippines. FAU - Bouis, Howarth AU - Bouis H AD - International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, US. FAU - Briones, Roehlano M AU - Briones RM AD - Philippine Institute of Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines. FAU - Espineli, Isabel B AU - Espineli IB AD - Philippine Institute of Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines. FAU - Maniego, Ma Lynell V AU - Maniego MLV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0466-1925 AD - Department of Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig City, Philippines. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Food Nutr Bull JT - Food and nutrition bulletin JID - 7906418 SB - IM MH - Philippines MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Family Characteristics MH - Young Adult MH - *Diet/statistics & numerical data MH - Middle Aged MH - Food Supply/statistics & numerical data MH - Infant MH - Energy Intake MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Diet Surveys MH - Socioeconomic Factors OAB - This study explores how food is divided among members in households. Staple foods are inexpensive sources of energy to stave off hunger. Nonstaple foods are denser in vitamins and minerals, but are much more expensive sources of energy, especially fish and animal products. Societal norms, especially those related to gender, influence how this sharing happens, which affects the quality of diets. We use a method called "food share over energy share" to analyze data from household food intake surveys conducted in the Philippines in 2013 to study patterns of family sharing of several food groups which together comprise all foods consumed. There are substantial differences in the shares of intake of specific food groups between age groups, but for the most part not between males and females within the same age group. Infants and young children tend to eat more dairy products, eggs, processed meats, noodles, sweets, and chocolate drinks. Conversely, adults consume more fresh meat, organ meat, fish, vegetables, coffee, and alcohol. Teenagers shift between these patterns as they grow older. When we looked at which group consumed the most expensive foods most intensely, it was highest for infants, followed by preschoolers (24-59 months). It is also worth noting that breastfeeding is more common among female infants compared to male infants. The food share over energy share methodology highlights how age and gender impact how food is shared in households, and specifically for this article how this can affect the quality of diets in the Philippines. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - dietary quality OT - gender OT - intrahousehold inequality COIS- Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2024/11/22 12:25 MHDA- 2024/11/22 12:26 CRDT- 2024/11/22 06:33 PHST- 2024/11/22 12:26 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/22 12:25 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/22 06:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/03795721241282415 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Nutr Bull. 2024 Jun;45(2-3):91-104. doi: 10.1177/03795721241282415. PMID- 39575500 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241216 LR - 20260610 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Nov 22 TI - Changes in food and drink purchasing behaviour in England during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis. PG - e252 LID - 10.1017/S1368980024001071 [doi] LID - e252 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study examined changes food and drink purchasing during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in England, and if changes varied by population subgroups. DESIGN: We investigated changes in take-home food and drink purchasing and frequency of out-of-home (OOH) purchasing using an interrupted time series analysis design. The start of pandemic restrictions (the intervention) was defined as 16 March 2020, when first announced in the UK. SETTING: London and the North of England. PARTICIPANTS: 1245 households reporting take-home and 226 individuals reporting OOH purchases between January 2019 and mid-June 2020 from the GB Kantar Fast Moving Consumer Goods Panel. RESULTS: The marginal mean estimate of total take-home energy purchased was 17.4 % (95 % CI 14.9, 19.9) higher during the pandemic restriction period compared with the counterfactual. Increases of 35.2 % (95 % CI 23.4, 47.0) in take-home volume of alcoholic beverages and 1.2 % (95 % CI 0.1, 2.4) in foods and drinks high in fat, salt and sugar were observed. Reductions in purchased energy from fruit and vegetables (-7.3 %, 95 % CI -10.9, -3.6), ultra-processed foods (-4.0 %, 95 % CI -5.2, -2.8) and in OOH purchasing frequency (-44.0 %, 95 % CI -58.3, -29.6) were observed. Changes in chocolate and confectionery, soft drink and savoury snack purchases levelled off over time. Changes in all studied outcomes varied by sociodemographic characteristics and usual purchasing. CONCLUSIONS: Pandemic restrictions were associated with positive and negative changes in food and drink purchasing, which differed by individual characteristics. Future research should ascertain if changes persist and translate into changes in health. FAU - Kalbus, Alexandra AU - Kalbus A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7388-7074 AD - Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, LondonWC1H 9SH, UK. FAU - Cornelsen, Laura AU - Cornelsen L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3769-8740 AD - Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, LondonWC1H 9SH, UK. FAU - Ballatore, Andrea AU - Ballatore A AD - Department of Digital Humanities, King's College London, Strand, LondonWC2R 2LS, UK. FAU - Cummins, Steven AU - Cummins S AD - Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, LondonWC1H 9SH, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241122 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - *Interrupted Time Series Analysis MH - England/epidemiology MH - *Consumer Behavior/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Male MH - *SARS-CoV-2 MH - Adult MH - *Beverages/economics/statistics & numerical data MH - Pandemics MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Food/economics MH - Adolescent PMC - PMC11705008 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Food and drink purchasing OT - Interrupted time series OT - Ultra-processed foods COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/11/22 06:22 MHDA- 2024/12/16 11:35 PMCR- 2024/11/22 CRDT- 2024/11/22 04:36 PHST- 2024/12/16 11:35 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/22 06:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/22 04:36 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1368980024001071 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1368980024001071 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2024 Nov 22;27(1):e252. doi: 10.1017/S1368980024001071. PMID- 39547281 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250426 LR - 20260922 IS - 1097-6825 (Electronic) IS - 0091-6749 (Linking) VI - 155 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Feb TI - Developmental trajectories of atopic dermatitis with multiomics approaches in the infant gut: COCOA birth cohort. PG - 557-568 LID - S0091-6749(24)01187-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.10.036 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: An understanding of the phenotypes and endotypes of atopic dermatitis (AD) is essential for developing precision therapies. Recent studies have demonstrated evidence for the gut-skin axis in AD. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the natural course and clinical characteristics of AD phenotypes and investigate their mechanisms on the basis of multiomics analyses. METHODS: Latent class trajectory analysis was used to classify AD phenotypes in 2247 children who were followed until age 9 years from the COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases birth cohort study. Multiomics analyses (microbiome, metabolites, and gut epithelial cell transcriptome) using stool samples collected at age 6 months were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of AD phenotypes. RESULTS: Five AD phenotypes were classified as follows: never/infrequent, early-onset transient, intermediate transient, late-onset, and early-onset persistent. Early-onset persistent and late-onset phenotypes showed increased risks of food allergy and wheezing treatment ever, with bronchial hyperresponsiveness evident only in the early-onset persistent phenotype. Multiomics analyses revealed a significantly lower relative abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus and a decreased gut acetate level in the early-onset persistent phenotype, with potential associations to ACSS2, Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling, and systemic T(H)2 inflammation. The early-onset transient phenotype was associated with adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and/or chemokine signaling regulation, whereas the late-onset phenotype was linked with IL-17 and barrier dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Multiomics profiling in early life may offer insights into different mechanisms underlying AD phenotypes in children. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lee, Eun AU - Lee E AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea. FAU - Kim, Jeong-Hyun AU - Kim JH AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - PHI Digital Healthcare, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Lee, Si Hyeon AU - Lee SH AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Park, Yoon Mee AU - Park YM AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Oh, Hea Young AU - Oh HY AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Yeom, Jeonghun AU - Yeom J AD - Prometabio Research Institute, Prometabio Co, Ltd, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Hee-Sung AU - Ahn HS AD - AMC Sciences, Inc, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Yoo, Hyun Ju AU - Yoo HJ AD - Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Bong-Soo AU - Kim BS AD - Department of Life Science, Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea. FAU - Yun, Sun Mi AU - Yun SM AD - Microbiome Division, Macrogen, Inc, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Song, Kun Baek AU - Song KB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea. FAU - Park, Min Jee AU - Park MJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Kyunghee University of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Song, Joo Young AU - Song JY AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA University Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang, Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: sjhong@amc.seoul.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241114 PL - United States TA - J Allergy Clin Immunol JT - The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology JID - 1275002 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology/microbiology/metabolism MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/immunology MH - Phenotype MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Birth Cohort MH - Cohort Studies MH - Transcriptome MH - Multiomics OTO - NOTNLM OT - Atopic dermatitis OT - microbiome OT - multiomics OT - phenotype OT - transcriptome COIS- Disclosure statement This study was funded by the Research Program of the Korea National Institute of Health, South Korea (grant nos. 2008-E33030-00, 2009-E33033-00, 2011-E33021-00, 2012-E33012-00, 2013-E51003-00, 2014-E51004-00, 2014-E51004-01, 2014-E51004-02, 2017-E67002-00, 2017-E67002-01, 2017-E67002-02, 2020E670200, 2020E670201, and 2020E670202) and by the National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and Information and communication Technology, MSIT) (grant nos. 2017M3A9F3043834 and 2021R1A2C2095664). Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/11/16 09:59 MHDA- 2025/02/08 00:30 CRDT- 2024/11/15 19:26 PHST- 2024/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/10/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/02/08 00:30 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/16 09:59 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/15 19:26 [entrez] AID - S0091-6749(24)01187-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.10.036 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2025 Feb;155(2):557-568. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.10.036. Epub 2024 Nov 14. PMID- 39504249 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250624 LR - 20260621 IS - 1464-0600 (Electronic) IS - 0269-9931 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2025 Jun TI - The dual-feature approach-avoidance task: validity, training efficacy, and the role of contingency awareness in changing food preference. PG - 876-898 LID - 10.1080/02699931.2024.2418445 [doi] AB - The approach-avoidance task (AAT) probes tendencies contributing to unwanted behaviours, like excessive snacking, by measuring RT differences between approach and avoidance responses to different stimuli. It retrains such tendencies using repeated avoidance of appetitive stimuli and approach of healthy alternatives. The most common paradigm, the irrelevant-feature AAT, conceals these stimulus-response contingencies by requiring approach or avoidance based on features irrelevant to the tendencies (e.g. frame colour). Unfortunately, it is an unreliable measure and not always successful as a training, likely because the stimuli can be ignored. In the novel dual-feature AAT, the combination of stimulus and irrelevant feature determines responses: participants approach foods and avoid objects surrounded by frame A, and vice versa given frame B. We trained 219 online participants to approach fruit and avoid chocolate using active (7:1 stimulus-to-frame contingency) and sham (1:1 stimulus-to-frame contingency) versions of these two trainings. Compared to sham, active irrelevant-feature training was associated with more selection and desire to eat fruit, and active dual-feature training increased approach bias for fruit. Participants' perceived rate of approaching fruit versus chocolate correlated with many outcome measures, suggesting contingency awareness plays a major role in AAT training effectiveness, challenging implicit accounts. While the dual-feature paradigm shows potential, its high error rates, RTs, and difficulty mandate improvement. FAU - Kahveci, Sercan AU - Kahveci S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4139-5710 AD - Department of Psychology & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. FAU - van Alebeek, Hannah AU - van Alebeek H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3044-1486 AD - Department of Psychology & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. FAU - Blechert, Jens AU - Blechert J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3820-109X AD - Department of Psychology & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20241106 PL - England TA - Cogn Emot JT - Cognition & emotion JID - 8710375 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - Young Adult MH - *Awareness MH - Adult MH - *Avoidance Learning MH - Adolescent MH - Reaction Time MH - Chocolate MH - Fruit MH - Reproducibility of Results OTO - NOTNLM OT - Approach-avoidance task OT - chocolate consumption OT - cognitive bias modification OT - contingency awareness OT - eating behaviour EDAT- 2024/11/06 18:22 MHDA- 2025/06/24 18:30 CRDT- 2024/11/06 12:43 PHST- 2025/06/24 18:30 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/06 18:22 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/06 12:43 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/02699931.2024.2418445 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cogn Emot. 2025 Jun;39(4):876-898. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2418445. Epub 2024 Nov 6. PMID- 39497374 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250425 LR - 20260623 IS - 1478-9523 (Electronic) IS - 1478-9515 (Print) IS - 1478-9515 (Linking) VI - 23 DP - 2024 Nov 5 TI - Making space for grief: The impact of remembrance programs for pediatric healthcare providers. PG - e9 LID - 10.1017/S1478951524001457 [doi] LID - e9 AB - OBJECTIVES: While caring for seriously ill children is a rewarding experience, pediatric healthcare providers may experience sadness and emotional distress when their patient dies. These feelings, particularly when not addressed, can lead to negative health and occupational outcomes. Remembrance practices can provide a safe space for staff to process their grief. This study explored pediatric healthcare providers' perceptions of an annual Pediatric Remembrance Ceremony (PRC) and a quarterly program, Good Grief and Chocolate at Noon (GGCN), to learn what components of the programs were considered meaningful and the personal impact on those who attended. The programs pivoted to a virtual platform during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the study also assessed providers' perspectives of attending the programs virtually. METHODS: A 19 multiple choice survey instrument was designed, reviewed, piloted, revised, and re-piloted by an interdisciplinary bereavement committee prior to administration. The survey included 2 open-ended questions, inviting additional insights into personal impact and future directions for remembrance programs. The survey was administered on an encrypted online platform. RESULTS: Components of the PRC respondents most valued included the opportunity for staff to choose a name of a patient they cared for and to light a candle for that patient as their name is read. Those who participated in GGCN found story sharing helpful, along with having a speaker address a topic around loss and grief during the second half of the session. Both programs provided reflection, solidarity, and memorialization. Most respondents prefer having both in-person and virtual options. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: Healthcare providers are affected by the death of the children they care for and value opportunities provided to join colleagues in remembering their patients. The findings underscore the value of remembrance programs in supporting bereaved staff. FAU - Wiener, Lori AU - Wiener L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9573-8870 AD - Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Nautiyal, Parinita AU - Nautiyal P AD - Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. AD - Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. FAU - McAdams, Stacey AU - McAdams S AD - Department of Clinical Research Informatics, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Zoosman, Mike AU - Zoosman M AD - Department of Spiritual Care, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA. LA - eng GR - Z99 CA999999/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural DEP - 20241105 PL - England TA - Palliat Support Care JT - Palliative & supportive care JID - 101232529 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Grief MH - COVID-19/psychology MH - *Health Personnel/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adult MH - *Pediatrics/methods MH - Middle Aged MH - Child PMC - PMC12315110 MID - NIHMS2097908 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Pediatric OT - bereavement OT - grief OT - healthcare providers OT - remembrance ceremony OT - virtual COIS- None of the authors have a financial or other conflict of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2024/11/05 10:18 MHDA- 2025/01/15 06:21 PMCR- 2024/11/05 CRDT- 2024/11/05 01:13 PHST- 2025/01/15 06:21 [medline] PHST- 2024/11/05 10:18 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/11/05 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1478951524001457 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1478951524001457 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Palliat Support Care. 2024 Nov 5;23:e9. doi: 10.1017/S1478951524001457. PMID- 39474942 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250410 LR - 20250410 IS - 1601-5037 (Electronic) IS - 1601-5029 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 2 DP - 2025 May TI - Effectiveness of Chewing Gum After Water Rinsing in Removing Remnants of Sticky Cookies From Posterior Teeth-A Prospective Interventional Study. PG - 306-311 LID - 10.1111/idh.12857 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of chewing sugarless gum (SG) after water-rinsing in removing retained Oreo chocolate cookies (CC) from occlusal surfaces of teeth with and without fissure-sealant (FS). METHODS: A prospective study was performed on healthy children receiving prophylaxis at the paediatric-dentistry department. Immediately afterward, they chewed two CC. The occlusal surfaces of their posterior teeth were photographed 3 times: after 10 min, after 1 min of water-rinsing and after 4 min of chewing SG. An independent dentist screened all photos for the presence (partial or complete) or the absence of retained CC. RESULTS: Participants included 28 children 7-14-year-old, with 100 primary and 214 permanent molars, of which, 150 teeth had FS. After chewing two CC, 290 (92.4%) teeth had retained CC. Water-swishing removed all, partial or none of the CC in 23%, 72.4% and 4.6% of the teeth, respectively. The effectiveness of chewing SG in completely removing retained CC was significantly higher than water-rinsing (p < 0.001), OR = 43.83, Cramer's V value = 0.871, suggesting a very strong correlation. The presence of FS raised the probability of completely removing retained CC after SG or water-rinsing (p < 0.001, OR = 107.7 and 25.9), with Cramer's V = 0.66 and 0.57, respectively, means a very strong association, as compared to teeth without (For both p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Chewing gum for 4 min was significantly more effective than water-rinsing for 1 min in removing retained CC. Moreover, FS considerably decreased the probability of retained CC on occlusal surfaces and increased the effectiveness of SG in removing it. CI - (c) 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Ashkenazi, Malka AU - Ashkenazi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8381-7782 AD - Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, Oral Medicine Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. FAU - Belfer, Marina AU - Belfer M AD - Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia. FAU - Voeykova, Olga AU - Voeykova O AD - Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia. FAU - Samoylova, Maryana AU - Samoylova M AD - Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia. FAU - Khalaily, Firas AU - Khalaily F AD - Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, Oral Medicine Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241030 PL - England TA - Int J Dent Hyg JT - International journal of dental hygiene JID - 101168070 RN - 0 (Chewing Gum) RN - 059QF0KO0R (Water) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Chewing Gum MH - Prospective Studies MH - Child MH - Female MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Water MH - *Molar OTO - NOTNLM OT - carbohydrates OT - caries OT - chewing gum OT - fermented foods OT - fissure sealant OT - prevention OT - retention of food OT - water rinsing EDAT- 2024/10/30 13:20 MHDA- 2025/04/10 06:24 CRDT- 2024/10/30 07:03 PHST- 2024/05/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2025/04/10 06:24 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/30 13:20 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/30 07:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/idh.12857 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Dent Hyg. 2025 May;23(2):306-311. doi: 10.1111/idh.12857. Epub 2024 Oct 30. PMID- 39454830 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241130 LR - 20260718 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 204 DP - 2025 Jan 1 TI - No evidence for goal priming or sensory specific satiety effects following exposure to ambient food odours. PG - 107730 LID - S0195-6663(24)00534-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107730 [doi] AB - Sensory-specific satiety describes a decline in hedonic value of the taste of a food as it is consumed, relative to a non-consumed food - the pudding tummy phenomenon. Incentive motivation towards consumed foods has also been shown to decline. Interestingly, several studies report that brief exposure to food odours can also produce a sensory-specific satiety effect, in the absence of consumption, selectively reducing hedonic ratings and subsequent high calorie food choices. Yet, other studies report goal-priming effects of ambient odours, in which brief implicit exposure increases the hedonic value of odour congruent food options. The present study aimed to determine whether exposure to ambient food odours would enhance or reduce incentive motivation for associated foods. Participants completed either an ambient odour (N = 38) or food consumption (N = 40) task. In both, participants were randomly assigned to an indulgent (chocolate) or non-indulgent (orange) food group and completed two blocks of a cross-modality matching grip-force task. One block was completed immediately before, the other immediately after, odour exposure/food consumption. A grip-force transducer measured effort exerted "to win" briefly presented (33 or 200ms) visual images of these foods, relative to control stimuli. In both studies, participants exerted greater effort to win the food items than control images. While neither satiety nor priming effects were found following ambient odour exposure, a classic sensory-specific satiety effect was found in the food consumption study. That is, force exerted for chocolate images declined significantly following chocolate consumption, in the absence of any decline in motivation for orange stimuli. While differences in odour exposure findings could be explained by factors such as concentration, timing, and nature of exposure, questions remain about the robustness of previously reported odour induced satiety and priming effects. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Hagan, Rachel AU - Hagan R AD - Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. Electronic address: r.hagan@ljmu.ac.uk. FAU - Pawling, Ralph AU - Pawling R AD - Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. Electronic address: r.pawling@ljmu.ac.uk. FAU - McGlone, Francis AU - McGlone F AD - Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK; School of Science, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Finland. Electronic address: francis1.mcglone@gmail.com. FAU - Walker, Susannah C AU - Walker SC AD - Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. Electronic address: s.c.walker@ljmu.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20241023 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Odorants MH - Female MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *Motivation MH - *Chocolate MH - *Satiation MH - *Goals MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - Taste MH - Adolescent MH - Satiety Response MH - Choice Behavior OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food consumption OT - Grip force OT - Incentive motivation OT - Odour priming OT - Sensory-specific satiety COIS- Declaration of competing interest RH.'s PhD studentship was partly funded by GlaxoSmithKline (G.S.K). G.S.K had no role in the design, analysis, or decision to publish this study. EDAT- 2024/10/26 19:21 MHDA- 2024/12/01 15:22 CRDT- 2024/10/25 19:26 PHST- 2024/02/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/10/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/10/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/12/01 15:22 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/26 19:21 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/25 19:26 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(24)00534-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107730 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2025 Jan 1;204:107730. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107730. Epub 2024 Oct 23. PMID- 39393135 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241108 LR - 20260906 IS - 1525-5069 (Electronic) IS - 1525-5050 (Linking) VI - 160 DP - 2024 Nov TI - What do ketogenic dietitians and physicians need? A survey from the KetoCollegeAdvance training in United Kingdom. PG - 110071 LID - S1525-5050(24)00453-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110071 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The ketogenic diet is a valuable nonpharmacologic therapy for the treatment of refractory epilepsy in children and adults. It can be time-intensive for ketogenic teams, typically comprised of a physician and dietitian at a minimum. Challenges and barriers to providing ketogenic diet services to patients by members of these teams has not been studied extensively. METHODS: A survey was created and distributed to attendees at a ketogenic diet training conference (KetoCollegeAdvance) held 21-23 May 2024 in United Kingdom. Questions included Likert scales and fill-in responses. Surveys were provided by 63 attendees (mostly dietitians) from 17 countries. RESULTS: Respondents were mostly dietitians (45/63, 71 %) and from the United Kingdom. In regards to perceived interest levels in KD in general in their countries, dietitians were perceived as 80 % very or extremely interested, parents (66 %), and neurologists (45 %). The majority of teams included a dietitian (79 %) and physician (78 %). The majority, 43 (68 %) of respondents, assumed care of all aspects of epilepsy care once the KD was started. Common barriers to starting KD services included a long waiting list, lack of adult KD services, funding dietitians, and low referrals. Barriers to continuing KD services included poor patient compliance, a lack of financial resources for some families to afford foods, and a need for more pre-made ketogenic foods including bread, pizza, pasta, potato fries, and chocolates. CONCLUSIONS: These results from a conference of international ketogenic dietitians and physicians highlights common difficulties in providing the ketogenic diet successfully. Addressing these barriers may help expand the usage of this therapy for more patients with epilepsy. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kossoff, Eric H AU - Kossoff EH AD - Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: ekossoff@jhmi.edu. FAU - Simpson, Zoe AU - Simpson Z AD - Dietetic Department, Level 2 Nurses Home, Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: zoe.simpson@gosh.nhs.uk. FAU - Fountain, Julie AU - Fountain J AD - CEO, Matthew's Friends Charity, St Piers Lane, Lingfield RH7 6PW, UK. Electronic address: julie@matthewsfriends.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20241011 PL - United States TA - Epilepsy Behav JT - Epilepsy & behavior : E&B JID - 100892858 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Diet, Ketogenic MH - United Kingdom MH - *Nutritionists MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Physicians/statistics & numerical data MH - Drug Resistant Epilepsy/diet therapy/therapy MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Neurologists/statistics & numerical data MH - Epilepsy/diet therapy/therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diet OT - Dietitian OT - Finances OT - Goals OT - Ketogenic OT - Research COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: EK - Consultant to Simply Good Foods, Nutricia, Bloom Science, Cerecin, LivaNova. Data Safety Monitoring Board to NeuroPace, Royalties from Springer, Johns Hopkins University Press, UpToDate, Oxford University Press, and Elsevier. ZS - Honorarium from Nutricia and Vitaflo. Matthews Friends Medical Board Member and British Dietetic Association Professional Committee Member. JF - Director, KetoCollege. EDAT- 2024/10/12 09:45 MHDA- 2024/11/13 13:58 CRDT- 2024/10/11 18:01 PHST- 2024/07/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/13 13:58 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/12 09:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/11 18:01 [entrez] AID - S1525-5050(24)00453-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110071 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Epilepsy Behav. 2024 Nov;160:110071. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110071. Epub 2024 Oct 11. PMID- 39352604 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241125 LR - 20260923 IS - 2196-5412 (Electronic) IS - 2196-5412 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Dec TI - Toxic Metals and Metalloids in Food: Current Status, Health Risks, and Mitigation Strategies. PG - 468-483 LID - 10.1007/s40572-024-00462-7 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Exposure to toxic metals/metalloids, such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb), through food consumption is a global public health concern. This review examines the contamination status of these metals/metalloids in food, assesses dietary intake across different populations, and proposes strategies to reduce metal/metalloid exposures throughout the food chain. RECENT FINDINGS: For the general population, dietary intake of metals/metalloids is generally lower than health-based guidance values. However, for vulnerable populations, such as infants, children, and pregnant women, their dietary intake levels are close to or even higher than the guidance values. Among different food categories, seafood shows higher total As, but largely present as organic species. Rice accumulates higher As concentration than other cereals, with inorganic As (iAs) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) being the main As species. Methylated thioarsenate species, such as dimethylmonothioarsenate, have also been detected in rice. The distribution of iAs and DMA in rice shows geographical variation. Additionally, seafood and cocoa products generally contain more Cd than other food, but seafood consumption does not significantly increase in adverse health effects due to its high zinc and iron content. Compared to As and Cd, Pb concentrations in food are generally lower. To minimize the health risks of metal/metalloid exposure, several strategies are proposed. Food contamination with toxic metals/metalloids poses significant concerns for human health, particularly for vulnerable populations. This review provides scientific evidence and suggestions for policy makers to reduce human exposure of metals/metalloids via dietary intake. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Zhao, Di AU - Zhao D AD - College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. dizhao@njau.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Peng AU - Wang P AD - College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. FAU - Zhao, Fang-Jie AU - Zhao FJ AD - College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. LA - eng GR - 2021YFC1809100/National Key Research and Development Program of China/ GR - 42107430/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - JSSCBS20210294/Jiangsu Provincial Double-Innovation Doctor Program/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20241001 PL - Switzerland TA - Curr Environ Health Rep JT - Current environmental health reports JID - 101629387 RN - 0 (Metalloids) RN - N712M78A8G (Arsenic) RN - 0 (Metals, Heavy) RN - 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium) RN - 2P299V784P (Lead) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Food Contamination/analysis MH - *Metalloids/analysis MH - Arsenic/analysis/toxicity MH - Risk Assessment MH - Metals, Heavy/analysis MH - Dietary Exposure/analysis/adverse effects MH - Cadmium/analysis/toxicity MH - Seafood/analysis MH - Lead/analysis PMC - PMC11588791 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Contamination status OT - Dietary intake OT - Intervention strategies OT - Metals/metalloids OT - Risk assessment COIS- Declarations. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/10/01 12:44 MHDA- 2024/11/25 12:32 PMCR- 2024/10/01 CRDT- 2024/10/01 11:18 PHST- 2024/09/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/25 12:32 [medline] PHST- 2024/10/01 12:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/10/01 11:18 [entrez] PHST- 2024/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s40572-024-00462-7 [pii] AID - 462 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40572-024-00462-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Environ Health Rep. 2024 Dec;11(4):468-483. doi: 10.1007/s40572-024-00462-7. Epub 2024 Oct 1. PMID- 39332769 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241108 LR - 20260923 IS - 1541-6100 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3166 (Print) IS - 0022-3166 (Linking) VI - 154 IP - 11 DP - 2024 Nov TI - Identification and Replication of Urine Metabolites Associated With Short-Term and Habitual Intake of Sweet and Fatty Snacks in European Children and Adolescents. PG - 3274-3285 LID - S0022-3166(24)01043-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.09.026 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Intake of sweet and fatty snacks may partly contribute to the occurrence of obesity and other health conditions in childhood. Traditional dietary assessment methods may be limited in accurately assessing the intake of sweet and fatty snacks in children. Metabolite biomarkers may aid the objective assessment of children's food intake and support establishing diet-disease relationships. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to identify biomarkers of sweet and fatty snack intake in 2 independent cohorts of European children. METHODS: We used data from the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort from baseline (2007/2008) and 2 follow-up examination waves (2009/2010 and 2013/2014). In total, 1788 urine samples from 599 children were analyzed for untargeted metabolomics using high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Short-term dietary intake was assessed by 24-h dietary recalls, and habitual dietary intake was calculated with the National Cancer Institute method. Data from the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinal Designed (DONALD) cohort of 24-h urine samples (n = 567) and 3-d weighted dietary records were used for external replication of results. Multivariate modeling with unbiased variable selection in R algorithms and linear mixed models were used to identify novel biomarkers. Metabolite features significantly associated with dietary intake were then annotated. RESULTS: In total, 66 metabolites were discovered and found to be statistically significant for chocolate candy; cakes, puddings, and cookies; candy and sweets; ice cream; and crisps. Most of the features (n = 62) could not be annotated. Short-term and habitual chocolate intake were positively associated with theobromine, xanthosine, and cyclo(L-prolyl-L-valyl). These results were replicated in the DONALD cohort. Short-term candy and sweet intake was negatively associated with octenoylcarnitine. CONCLUSIONS: Of the potential metabolite biomarkers of sweet and fatty snacks in children, 3 biomarkers of chocolate intake, namely theobromine, xanthosine, and cyclo(L-prolyl-L-valyl), are externally replicated. However, these potential biomarkers require further validation in children. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Goerdten, Jantje AU - Goerdten J AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology (BIPS), Bremen, Germany. Electronic address: goerdten@leibniz-bips.de. FAU - Muli, Samuel AU - Muli S AD - Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Rattner, Jodi AU - Rattner J AD - International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. FAU - Merdas, Mira AU - Merdas M AD - International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. FAU - Achaintre, David AU - Achaintre D AD - International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. FAU - Yuan, Li AU - Yuan L AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology (BIPS), Bremen, Germany. FAU - De Henauw, Stefaan AU - De Henauw S AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Foraita, Ronja AU - Foraita R AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology (BIPS), Bremen, Germany. FAU - Hunsberger, Monica AU - Hunsberger M AD - School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Huybrechts, Inge AU - Huybrechts I AD - International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. FAU - Lissner, Lauren AU - Lissner L AD - School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Molnar, Denes AU - Molnar D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Moreno, Luis A AU - Moreno LA AD - GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2) and Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain; Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Russo, Paola AU - Russo P AD - Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, Avellino, Italy. FAU - Veidebaum, Toomas AU - Veidebaum T AD - National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia. FAU - Aleksandrova, Krasimira AU - Aleksandrova K AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology (BIPS), Bremen, Germany; Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Nothlings, Ute AU - Nothlings U AD - Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Oluwagbemigun, Kolade AU - Oluwagbemigun K AD - Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Keski-Rahkonen, Pekka AU - Keski-Rahkonen P AD - International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. FAU - Floegel, Anna AU - Floegel A AD - Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology (BIPS), Bremen, Germany; Section of Dietetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Hochschule Neubrandenburg-University of Applied Sciences, Neubrandenburg, Germany. LA - eng GR - 001/WHO_/World Health Organization/International PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240925 PL - United States TA - J Nutr JT - The Journal of nutrition JID - 0404243 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Dietary Fats) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - *Snacks MH - *Biomarkers/urine MH - Adolescent MH - Europe MH - Cohort Studies MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Diet MH - Dietary Fats/administration & dosage MH - Metabolomics/methods PMC - PMC11600116 OTO - NOTNLM OT - biomarker identification OT - children and adolescents OT - metabolite biomarkers of food intake OT - sweet and fatty snacks OT - untargeted metabolomics COIS- Conflict of interest AF reports financial support was provided by German Research Foundation. PK-R reports financial support was provided by French National Research Agency. All other authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/28 09:46 MHDA- 2024/11/13 13:57 PMCR- 2024/09/25 CRDT- 2024/09/27 19:21 PHST- 2024/04/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/09/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/13 13:57 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/28 09:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/27 19:21 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0022-3166(24)01043-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.09.026 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr. 2024 Nov;154(11):3274-3285. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.09.026. Epub 2024 Sep 25. PMID- 39288500 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241030 LR - 20260501 IS - 1532-8171 (Electronic) IS - 0735-6757 (Linking) VI - 85 DP - 2024 Nov TI - Psychedelic mushroom-containing chocolate exposures: Case series. PG - 208-213 LID - S0735-6757(24)00478-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajem.2024.09.038 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The recreational use of psilocybin or psilocin-containing products, a chemical found naturally in certain mushroom species, is on the rise across the United States. Several cases of serious clinical effects related to mushroom-containing products have recently been reported to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The emergence of these new products and their health consequences are not yet well understood. This case series aims to characterize exposures to mushroom-containing chocolate products, including patient characteristics, clinical effects, treatment(s), and clinical outcome severity, reported to a poison center network. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective case series conducted in patients exposed to mushroom-containing chocolate products across three poison centers between January 2023 to August 2024. Patients were identified via a database search of ToxSentry(R). Patients were included if they were exposed to a mushroom-containing chocolate product. Patients were excluded if they ingested an unrelated product or if there was insufficient information documented within ToxSentry(R). The primary endpoint was to describe clinical outcome severity after exposure to mushroom-containing chocolate products. RESULTS: A query of ToxSentry(R) identified 164 cases; 36 cases met study criteria. The median age of patients in this case series was 17 years old. For most patients (23, 64 %), the reason for the exposure was intentional, with 20 reporting intentional abuse or misuse of the product. Common clinical effects reported included mental status changes (26, 76 %), paranoia/hallucinations (10, 28 %), dysrhythmias (7, 19 %) and gastrointestinal discomfort (6, 17 %). There was one report of seizure. Most clinical effects lasted between 3 and 24 h after ingestion (29, 81 %). Intravenous fluids (18, 50 %) and benzodiazepines (7, 19 %) were the most common treatments given. No fatalities were reported. DISCUSSION: While most patients in this series experienced minor clinical effects, some developed serious effects after ingestion of a mushroom-containing chocolate product. Findings from this study further characterize the limited patient demographics, clinical effects, and outcomes published thus far. Further characterization in a larger cohort of patients could expand on our initial findings and is needed to better identify factors that may influence clinical outcomes. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Gartner, Hayley T AU - Gartner HT AD - Florida/USVI Poison Information Center Jacksonville, University of Florida Health Jacksonville, 655 W 8th St C-23, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA. Electronic address: haygart30@gmail.com. FAU - Wan, Herbert Z AU - Wan HZ AD - Florida/USVI Poison Information Center Jacksonville, University of Florida Health Jacksonville, 655 W 8th St C-23, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA. FAU - Simmons, Reeves E AU - Simmons RE AD - Florida/USVI Poison Information Center Jacksonville, University of Florida Health Jacksonville, 655 W 8th St C-23, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA. FAU - Sollee, Dawn R AU - Sollee DR AD - Florida/USVI Poison Information Center Jacksonville, University of Florida Health Jacksonville, 655 W 8th St C-23, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine Jacksonville, 655 W 8th St, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA. FAU - Sheikh, Sophia AU - Sheikh S AD - Florida/USVI Poison Information Center Jacksonville, University of Florida Health Jacksonville, 655 W 8th St C-23, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine Jacksonville, 655 W 8th St, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240914 PL - United States TA - Am J Emerg Med JT - The American journal of emergency medicine JID - 8309942 RN - 0 (Hallucinogens) RN - 2RV7212BP0 (Psilocybin) RN - CMS88KUW0G (psilocin) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Female MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Adult MH - Adolescent MH - *Chocolate MH - *Hallucinogens/poisoning/adverse effects MH - *Poison Control Centers/statistics & numerical data MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - Psilocybin/poisoning/analogs & derivatives MH - Agaricales MH - Child MH - Mushroom Poisoning MH - United States/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Candy OT - Children OT - Chocolate OT - Edibles OT - Mushrooms OT - Psilocybin OT - Psychedelics COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors report no disclosures or conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/17 23:42 MHDA- 2024/10/31 00:28 CRDT- 2024/09/17 18:00 PHST- 2024/09/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/31 00:28 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/17 23:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/17 18:00 [entrez] AID - S0735-6757(24)00478-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajem.2024.09.038 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Emerg Med. 2024 Nov;85:208-213. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2024.09.038. Epub 2024 Sep 14. PMID- 39275227 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240914 LR - 20260923 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 17 DP - 2024 Aug 31 TI - Beneficial Effects of Cocoa Flavanols on Microvascular Responses in Young Men May Be Dependent on Ethnicity and Lifestyle. LID - 10.3390/nu16172911 [doi] LID - 2911 AB - Cocoa flavan-3-ols affect endothelium-dependent responses in resistance vessels and microcirculation has received little attention. We tested the effects of dark chocolate consumption (396 mg total flavanols/day for 3 days) in two Groups of 10 men (18-25 years; non-smokers) each comprising equal numbers of White European (WE) and South Asian (SA) ethnicity. In Group 1, dark chocolate did not affect reactive hyperaemia in forearm muscle, but augmented muscle dilatation evoked by acute mental stress, and reactive hyperaemia and acetylcholine (ACh)-evoked dilatation in cutaneous microcirculation. Conversely, in Group 2, chocolate did not affect cutaneous reactive hyperaemia or ACh-evoked dilatation, but these responses were blunted in Group 1 relative to Group 2. Further, when Groups 1 and 2 were combined, responses were blunted in SAs relative to WEs, augmented by chocolate in SAs only. In Group 2 individuals whose ACh-evoked dilatation was attenuated by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition, ACh-evoked dilatation was not altered after chocolate, but the attenuating effect of NOS inhibition was lost. Conversely, in Group 2 individuals whose ACh-evoked dilatation was enhanced by NOS inhibition, ACh-evoked dilatation was also augmented by chocolate. We propose that in resistance and microvessels of young men, cocoa flavan-3-ols preferentially augment endothelium-dependent dilator responses whose responses are depressed by familial and lifestyle factors more prevalent in SAs than Wes. Flavan-3-ols may facilitate the NOS pathway but also influence other endothelium-dependent dilators. FAU - Latif, Hassan M AU - Latif HM AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. FAU - Richardson, Sophie R AU - Richardson SR AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. FAU - Marshall, Janice M AU - Marshall JM AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240831 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - N9YNS0M02X (Acetylcholine) RN - 35HDD3NRIE (flavan-3-ol) RN - 0 (Flavonoids) RN - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Acetylcholine/pharmacology MH - *Cacao/chemistry MH - *Chocolate MH - Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects MH - Flavonoids/pharmacology MH - Forearm/blood supply MH - Hyperemia MH - *Life Style MH - *Microcirculation/drug effects MH - Microvessels/drug effects MH - Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects/metabolism MH - Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism MH - Skin/blood supply/drug effects/metabolism MH - Stress, Psychological MH - Vasodilation/drug effects MH - White People MH - South Asian People PMC - PMC11403714 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acetylcholine OT - cocoa OT - endothelium OT - flavanols OT - hyperaemia OT - mental stress OT - nitric oxide OT - vasodilatation COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/14 10:44 MHDA- 2024/09/14 10:45 PMCR- 2024/08/31 CRDT- 2024/09/14 01:18 PHST- 2024/06/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/08/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/14 10:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/14 10:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/14 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu16172911 [pii] AID - nutrients-16-02911 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu16172911 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2024 Aug 31;16(17):2911. doi: 10.3390/nu16172911. PMID- 39272457 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240916 IS - 2304-8158 (Print) IS - 2304-8158 (Electronic) IS - 2304-8158 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 17 DP - 2024 Aug 26 TI - Baby Foods: 9 Out of 62 Exceed the Reference Limits for Acrylamide. LID - 10.3390/foods13172690 [doi] LID - 2690 AB - Acrylamide (AA) is a contaminant resulting from the Maillard reaction and classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a probable carcinogen in Group 2A, with proven neurotoxic effects on humans. European Union (EU) Regulation No. 2017/2158 is currently in force, which establishes measures meant to reduce AA levels in food and sets reference values, but not legal limits, equal to 40 and 150 mug/kg AA in processed cereal-based foods intended for infants and young children and in biscuits and rusks, respectively. For this reason, sixty-two baby foods were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-Q-TOF/MS) to check whether industries were complying with these values, even though AA control is not legally mandatory. In total, 14.5% of the samples exceeded the reference values; these were homogenized chicken products (211.84 +/- 16.53, 154.32 +/- 12.71, 194.88 +/- 7.40 mug/kg), three biscuits (276.36 +/- 0.03, 242.06 +/- 0.78, 234.78 +/- 4.53 mug/kg), a wheat semolina (46.07 +/- 0.23 mug/kg), a homogenized product with plaice and potatoes (45.52 +/- 0.28 mug/kg), and a children's snack with milk and cocoa (40.95 +/- 0.32 mug/kg). Subsequently, the daily intake of AA was estimated, considering the worst-case scenario, as provided by the consumption of homogenized chicken products and biscuits. The results are associated with margins of exposure (MOEs) that are not concerning for neurotoxic effects but are alarming for the probable carcinogenic effects of AA. FAU - Bonucci, Arianna AU - Bonucci A AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. FAU - Urbani, Stefania AU - Urbani S AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. FAU - Servili, Maurizio AU - Servili M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8726-2075 AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. FAU - Selvaggini, Roberto AU - Selvaggini R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7632-9070 AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. FAU - Daidone, Luigi AU - Daidone L AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. FAU - Dottori, Ilenia AU - Dottori I AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. FAU - Sordini, Beatrice AU - Sordini B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0046-7677 AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. FAU - Veneziani, Gianluca AU - Veneziani G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3566-5603 AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. FAU - Taticchi, Agnese AU - Taticchi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0517-1787 AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. FAU - Esposto, Sonia AU - Esposto S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9083-6212 AD - Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240826 PL - Switzerland TA - Foods JT - Foods (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101670569 PMC - PMC11394281 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Maillard reaction OT - acrylamide OT - baby food OT - estimated daily intake OT - neurotoxicity OT - probable carcinogen COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/09/14 10:44 MHDA- 2024/09/14 10:45 PMCR- 2024/08/26 CRDT- 2024/09/14 01:02 PHST- 2024/07/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/14 10:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/14 10:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/14 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - foods13172690 [pii] AID - foods-13-02690 [pii] AID - 10.3390/foods13172690 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Foods. 2024 Aug 26;13(17):2690. doi: 10.3390/foods13172690. PMID- 39261762 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240912 LR - 20240914 IS - 1471-2180 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2180 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Sep 11 TI - Antimicrobial resistance profile and associated factors of hospital-acquired gram-negative bacterial pathogens among hospitalized patients in northeast Ethiopia. PG - 339 LID - 10.1186/s12866-024-03485-0 [doi] LID - 339 AB - BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance is a major global public health issue. Infections caused by resistant species are associated with higher mortality rates, longer hospital stays, medication failure, and rising medical costs. The World Health Organisation has declared multidrug resistance-associated infections as an epidemic of public health concern. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile and associated factors of hospital-acquired Gram-negative bacterial pathogens among hospitalized patients in Northeast Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among hospitalized patients from March 2021 to February 2022. About 810 clinical specimens were collected, transported, and processed from admitted patients following the standard bacteriological procedures. The clinical samples were inoculated onto blood agar, MacConkey agar, and chocolate agar. Furthermore, the species identification was done using gram reactions, colony morphology, and color and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and carbapenemase production were performed as per the clinical laboratory standard institute guidelines. For analysis, the information was entered into Epi-data and exported to SPSS. A P value of < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval was considered as a statistically significant association. RESULTS: Out of 810 clinical specimens, 285/810 (35.2%) developed bacterial infections. From the isolated bacteria, E. coli was the predominant bacteria accounting for 78/285 (27.4%) followed by K. pneumoniae, 69/285(24.42%), whereas P. vulgaris accounted for the least, 7/285 (2.5%). Overall, 132/285 (46.3%) and 99/285 (34.7%) of culture-positive patients were infected by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing bacteria. The overall multidrug resistance rate of the isolated bacteria was 89.4%. The highest antibiotic resistance rates were detected for doxycycline (92.9%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (83.9%), and ampicillin (93%). The least antibiotic resistance rate was observed for meropenem at 41.1% and amikacin at 1.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: In the study area, significant health concerns include a range of hospital-acquired bacterial infections associated with elevated rates of multidrug resistance, Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), and carbapenemase-producing bacterial pathogens. Consequently, it is recommended to conduct drug-susceptibility testing of isolates and molecular detection at a national level to optimize antibiotic usage for treating prevalent bacterial infections in this area. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Tilahun, Mihret AU - Tilahun M AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, 1145, Ethiopia. tilahunmihret21@gmail.com. FAU - Sharew, Bekele AU - Sharew B AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre-Tabor, Ethiopia. FAU - Shibabaw, Agumas AU - Shibabaw A AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, 1145, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240911 PL - England TA - BMC Microbiol JT - BMC microbiology JID - 100966981 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) RN - EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases) RN - 0 (Bacterial Proteins) RN - EC 3.5.2.6 (carbapenemase) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - *Cross Infection/microbiology/epidemiology MH - *Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification/classification/genetics MH - Young Adult MH - *Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Adolescent MH - *Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology/epidemiology/drug therapy MH - *Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics MH - beta-Lactamases/genetics/metabolism MH - Aged MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data MH - Bacterial Proteins/genetics MH - Aged, 80 and over PMC - PMC11389124 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antimicrobial resistance OT - Gram-negative bacilli OT - Hospital-acquired infections COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/09/12 00:42 MHDA- 2024/09/12 08:42 PMCR- 2024/09/11 CRDT- 2024/09/11 23:43 PHST- 2024/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/09/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/12 08:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/12 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/11 23:43 [entrez] PHST- 2024/09/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12866-024-03485-0 [pii] AID - 3485 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12866-024-03485-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Microbiol. 2024 Sep 11;24(1):339. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03485-0. PMID- 39237259 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240905 LR - 20240905 IS - 1365-2214 (Electronic) IS - 0305-1862 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 5 DP - 2024 Sep TI - Factors Associated With Screen Time Among Preschool Children in Lima, Peru. PG - e13330 LID - 10.1111/cch.13330 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify factors associated with excessive screen time among preschoolers in Lima, Peru. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis from a 2019 panel study in Lima, Peru, was conducted focusing on women, aged 18 and above, who are mothers of 3- to 5-year-olds in mid-high and mid-low districts. There were two outcome variables: excessive TV and excessive electronic devices screen time, defined as >/= 1 h of screen exposure for each one. Explored factors included the mother's age, education and wealth index and the children's age, sex, physical activity, day care attendance and ultra-processed food consumption. Crude (cPR) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were estimated for the association between associated factors and excessive screen time using the GLM Poisson of with a logarithmic link. RESULTS: Excessive TV screen time and electronic devices prevalence was 74% and 36.9%, respectively. For TV screen time, a high wealth index (aPR 1.13; 95%CI: 1.03-1.23) and children's age (aPR 1.18; 95%CI: 1.08-1.29 for 4 years, PR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.07-1.28 for 5 years) were significant. For electronic devices, significant associations included mothers with more than 3 children (aPR 0.77; 95%CI: 0.62-0.96), being single (aPR 1.27; 95%CI: 1.01-1.58) and a high wealth index (aPR 1.38; 95%CI: 1.13-1.68). Furthermore, significant associations were found between excessive electronic device screen time and consumption of candies and chocolates (aPR 1.38; 95%CI: 1.08-1.77). CONCLUSIONS: Seven out of 10 preschool children exceeded the recommended television screen time. Certain characteristics of the children, their mothers and the family's socio-economic situation are related to excessive television screen time and excessive electronic device screen time. CI - (c) 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Yabiku-Soto, Kiomi AU - Yabiku-Soto K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9515-4587 AD - CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. FAU - Saavedra-Garcia, Lorena AU - Saavedra-Garcia L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1524-780X AD - CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. FAU - Guerra Valencia, Jamee AU - Guerra Valencia J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0651-2512 AD - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Peru. FAU - Hernandez-Vasquez, Akram AU - Hernandez-Vasquez A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1431-2526 AD - CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. FAU - Diez-Canseco, Francisco AU - Diez-Canseco F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7611-8190 AD - CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. LA - eng GR - 46129/Bloomberg Philanthropies/ GR - 2019-71181/Bloomberg Philanthropies/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Child Care Health Dev JT - Child: care, health and development JID - 7602632 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Screen Time MH - Peru/epidemiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - *Television/statistics & numerical data MH - Adult MH - Mothers/statistics & numerical data/psychology MH - Sedentary Behavior MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Young Adult MH - Adolescent MH - Prevalence OTO - NOTNLM OT - Peru OT - children OT - preschool OT - screen time EDAT- 2024/09/06 01:02 MHDA- 2024/09/06 01:03 CRDT- 2024/09/05 21:03 PHST- 2024/07/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/06 01:03 [medline] PHST- 2024/09/06 01:02 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/09/05 21:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/cch.13330 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Child Care Health Dev. 2024 Sep;50(5):e13330. doi: 10.1111/cch.13330. PMID- 39206473 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241011 LR - 20241011 IS - 1465-3478 (Electronic) IS - 0963-7486 (Linking) VI - 75 IP - 7 DP - 2024 Nov TI - Reformulation of snacks offered to children and adolescents at school kiosks: is this strategy enough or just the tip of the iceberg? PG - 650-663 LID - 10.1080/09637486.2024.2396481 [doi] AB - Several studies have reported high overweight and obesity incidence among schoolchildren and adolescents, who mostly consume packaged snacks with critical nutrients exceeding the criteria of international profiling systems during school breaks. Then, the objectives of this work were to reformulate a snack consumed by Argentinian schoolchildren and adolescents (aged 6-13 years) to decrease its critical nutrient contents and to determine if this product would still be accepted. Chocolate chip vanilla cookies were selected for reformulation considering each recommended cut-off point for critical nutrients, since a prohibition of products with warning octagons being offered at schools would come into effect in Argentina. These cookies received good acceptability scores (above 3 of 5 points) and would be consumed by 8 of 10 schoolchildren in a sample of 200 participants. These findings underscore the importance of legislation promoting awareness of healthier eating habits and increasing the availability of healthier food options in schools. FAU - Lingiardi, Nadia AU - Lingiardi N AD - Facultad de Quimica, Universidad del Centro Educativo Latinoamericano (UCEL), Rosario, Argentina. AD - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Rosario, Argentina. FAU - Arribas, Alberto AU - Arribas A AD - Facultad de Quimica, Universidad del Centro Educativo Latinoamericano (UCEL), Rosario, Argentina. AD - Asociacion Supersaludable, Rosario, Argentina. FAU - Arriola, Ileana AU - Arriola I AD - Facultad de Quimica, Universidad del Centro Educativo Latinoamericano (UCEL), Rosario, Argentina. AD - Asociacion Supersaludable, Rosario, Argentina. FAU - Godoy, Ezequiel AU - Godoy E AD - Facultad Regional Rosario (UTN), Universidad Tecnologica Nacional, Rosario, Argentina. FAU - Reinheimer, Maria Agustina AU - Reinheimer MA AD - Facultad de Quimica, Universidad del Centro Educativo Latinoamericano (UCEL), Rosario, Argentina. AD - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Rosario, Argentina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240829 PL - England TA - Int J Food Sci Nutr JT - International journal of food sciences and nutrition JID - 9432922 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Snacks MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Schools MH - Argentina MH - *Nutritive Value MH - Chocolate MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Food Services MH - Food Labeling OTO - NOTNLM OT - Nutritional status OT - nutritional labelling OT - school-aged children and adolescents OT - snack quality EDAT- 2024/08/31 09:53 MHDA- 2024/10/11 06:22 CRDT- 2024/08/29 04:22 PHST- 2024/10/11 06:22 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:53 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/29 04:22 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09637486.2024.2396481 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Nov;75(7):650-663. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2396481. Epub 2024 Aug 29. PMID- 39204444 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240903 IS - 1999-4923 (Print) IS - 1999-4923 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4923 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2024 Aug 21 TI - The Development of a Chocolate-Based Chewable Tablet of Prednisolone-Enhancing the Palatability of Steroids for Pediatric Use. LID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081099 [doi] LID - 1099 AB - Oral liquid prednisolone medications have poor acceptance among paediatric patients due to ineffective masking of the bitterness taste of prednisolone. This study aimed to develop a child-friendly prednisolone tablet using a patented chewable chocolate-based delivery system (CDS) previously applied successfully to mask the bitterness tastes of midazolam and tramadol. Prednisolone sodium phosphate (PSP) and prednisolone base (PB) CDS tablets were prepared, and the manufacturing process was optimised using a design of experiments (DoE) approach. Stability was assessed by quantifying residual drug content via a validated HPLC assay. A pilot randomised crossover taste study involving 25 young adult volunteers evaluated taste-masking effectiveness against Redipred, a commercial oral PSP liquid medicine. The results showed that the PSP CDS tablet was chemically stable following storage for three months at ambient temperature, while the PB CDS tablet was unstable. The optimised PSP CDS tablet, manufactured at 50 degrees C with a stirring time of 26 h, was found to release over 80% of its drug load within 20 min in 0.1 M HCl and had a significantly better mean taste score compared to Redipred (7.08 +/- 2.40 vs. 5.60 +/- 2.33, p = 0.03). Fifty six percent of the participants preferred the PSP CDS tablet. In conclusion, compared to Redipred, the CDS technology provided a more effective taste masking of PSP, potentially offering a child-friendly prednisolone formulation with improved compliance, dosing accuracy, and storage stability. FAU - Yoo, Okhee AU - Yoo O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7285-1953 AD - Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Institute for Pediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Perioperative Medicine Team, Perioperative Care Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - Tang, Edith AU - Tang E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6266-6874 AD - Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - Hossain, Md Lokman AU - Hossain ML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6339-2767 AD - Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Institute for Pediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - von Ungern-Sternberg, Britta S AU - von Ungern-Sternberg BS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8043-8541 AD - Institute for Pediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Perioperative Medicine Team, Perioperative Care Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Division of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - Sommerfield, David AU - Sommerfield D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3600-1315 AD - Institute for Pediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Perioperative Medicine Team, Perioperative Care Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Division of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - Heath, Chloe AU - Heath C AD - Institute for Pediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Perioperative Medicine Team, Perioperative Care Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Division of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - Hauser, Neil AU - Hauser N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8868-0690 AD - Institute for Pediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Perioperative Medicine Team, Perioperative Care Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Division of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - Khan, R Nazim AU - Khan RN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3349-5006 AD - Institute for Pediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Perioperative Medicine Team, Perioperative Care Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - Locher, Cornelia AU - Locher C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8773-3036 AD - Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Institute for Pediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - Nguyen, Minh AU - Nguyen M AD - Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. FAU - Lim, Lee Yong AU - Lim LY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7307-0742 AD - Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. AD - Institute for Pediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. LA - eng GR - EI23/005/Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240821 PL - Switzerland TA - Pharmaceutics JT - Pharmaceutics JID - 101534003 PMC - PMC11359696 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chocolate-based delivery system OT - medication adherence OT - paediatric formulation OT - prednisolone OT - taste masking COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2024/08/31 09:50 MHDA- 2024/08/31 09:51 PMCR- 2024/08/21 CRDT- 2024/08/29 01:29 PHST- 2024/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:51 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/31 09:50 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/29 01:29 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pharmaceutics16081099 [pii] AID - pharmaceutics-16-01099 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081099 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pharmaceutics. 2024 Aug 21;16(8):1099. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081099. PMID- 39173840 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240909 LR - 20260526 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 202 DP - 2024 Nov 1 TI - Category-specific general Pavlovian-instrumental transfer. PG - 107640 LID - S0195-6663(24)00443-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107640 [doi] AB - Modern living is characterized by easy access to highly palatable energy-dense foods. Environmental cues associated with palatable foods increase seeking of those foods (specific transfer) and other palatable foods (general transfer). We conducted a series of studies testing the boundaries of food cue-reactivity by evaluating the impact of broader flavor associations (i.e. saltiness, sweetness) in eliciting general transfer effects. Experiment 1 was an online experiment with fictive rewards that tested if two actions associated with different food rewards (chip and chocolate points) could be provoked by images of other foods that were either similar or distinct in flavor from the foods associated with these instrumental actions. We observed that response excitation was only elicited by similarly flavored food cues, whereas distinctly flavored food cues inhibited response rates relative to control cues. Experiment 2 confirmed this observation in a classroom setting where real food rewards were contingent on task performance. Experiment 3 was an online study that further confirmed the reliability of the effects with a well powered sample. There were moderate-to-strong associations between specific and general transfer effects across all studies, suggesting overlapping cognitive processes are responsible for both transfer effects. These data improve the mechanistic understanding of how broad category associations can moderate the impact of food cues on food choices. This knowledge could be helpful for improving the precision of psychological interventions that seek to mitigate the impact of food cue-reactivity. CI - Crown Copyright (c) 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Mahlberg, Justin AU - Mahlberg J AD - School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Australia. Electronic address: justin.mahlberg@monash.edu. FAU - Weidemann, Gabrielle AU - Weidemann G AD - School of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Australia; MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Development, Western Sydney University, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240820 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cues MH - Female MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - *Reward MH - *Transfer, Psychology MH - Taste MH - Adolescent MH - Conditioning, Classical MH - Choice Behavior MH - Conditioning, Operant COIS- Declaration of competing interest None. EDAT- 2024/08/23 00:43 MHDA- 2024/09/10 00:43 CRDT- 2024/08/22 19:20 PHST- 2024/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/08/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/10 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/23 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/22 19:20 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(24)00443-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107640 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2024 Nov 1;202:107640. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107640. Epub 2024 Aug 20. PMID- 39144179 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240816 IS - 0974-7052 (Print) IS - 0975-1904 (Electronic) IS - 0974-7052 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Apr TI - Anticariogenic Effects of the Dairy Products on Human Saliva: An In Vivo Study. PG - 456-460 LID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2849 [doi] AB - AIM: The aim of this study was to determine whether the intake of cheese, paneer, and yogurt may help in reversing the acidogenic challenge after the consumption of chocolate at different time intervals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 caries-free children between the ages of 4 and 13 years, with no decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), were randomly selected from the school. Baseline pH was obtained, and the subjects were asked to eat chocolate. pH was measured again after 10 minutes. Following chocolate exposure, the subjects were then randomly assigned to three groups-cheese, paneer, and yogurt. Salivary pH was measured at intervals of 15, 30, and 60 minutes using the same procedures for all subjects. The data thus obtained were subjected to statistical analysis, which included analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, post hoc tests for multiple comparisons using Tukey's test, and paired t-test. RESULTS: The highest pH value after 15 minutes was seen in cheese (6.43), followed by paneer (6.31) and yogurt (6.30). After 30 minutes, the maximum pH value was seen in the cheese group (6.63), followed by yogurt (6.46) and paneer (6.34). The mean pH value 60 minutes after the consumption of dairy products was highest in paneer (6.53), followed by cheese (6.43) and yogurt (6.37). CONCLUSION: All the categories were observed in the zone of remineralization. It should be noted that the maximum pH value overall was seen in the cheese group. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Dairy products help maintain salivary pH, which aids in improving enamel health. Hence, dietary dairy recommendations can be incorporated into patient education and caries prevention plans. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Gautam Y, Srivastava M, Verma P, et al. Anticariogenic Effects of the Dairy Products on Human Saliva: An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(4):456-460. CI - Copyright (c) 2024; The Author(s). FAU - Gautam, Yatendra AU - Gautam Y AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kanti Devi Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Srivastava, Manvi AU - Srivastava M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8281-8994 AD - Department of Dentistry, Noida International Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Verma, Priya AU - Verma P AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kanti Devi Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India. FAU - Doley, Sulekha AU - Doley S AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Regional Dental College, Guwahati, Assam, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - India TA - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent JT - International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry JID - 101585405 PMC - PMC11320823 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Critical pH OT - Dental Caries OT - Remineralization COIS- Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: NoneConflict of interest: None EDAT- 2024/08/15 06:42 MHDA- 2024/08/15 06:43 PMCR- 2024/05/01 CRDT- 2024/08/15 04:46 PHST- 2024/08/15 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/15 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/15 04:46 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2849 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2024 Apr;17(4):456-460. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2849. PMID- 39138386 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240814 LR - 20240816 IS - 1471-2415 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2415 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Aug 13 TI - Bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility in ocular infections: A study at Boru-Meda General Hospital, Dessie, Ethiopia. PG - 342 LID - 10.1186/s12886-024-03544-0 [doi] LID - 342 AB - INTRODUCTION: The eye consists of both internal and external compartments. Several variables, including microbes, dust, and high temperatures can cause eye illnesses that can result in blindness. Bacterial eye infections continue to be a major cause of ocular morbidity and blindness, and their prevalence is periodically rising. The objective of the study was to detect bacterial pathogens and assess their susceptibility profiles to antibiotics in the ophthalmology unit of Boru-meda Hospital in Dessie, Ethiopia. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to April 30, 2021, among 319 study participants with symptomatic ocular or peri-ocular infections who were enrolled using a consecutive sampling technique. After proper specimen collection, the specimen was immediately inoculated with chocolate, blood, and MacConkey agar. After pure colonies were obtained, they were identified using standard microbiological methods. The Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method was used to test antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, based on the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. RESULTS: The majority of participants developed conjunctivitis 126 (39.5%), followed by blepharitis 47 (14.73%), and dacryocystitis 45 (14.1%). Overall, 164 (51.4%) participants were culture positive, six (1.9%) participants had mixed bacterial isolates, giving a total of 170 bacterial isolates with an isolation rate of 53.3%. The predominant species was CoNS 47 (27.6%), followed by S. aureus 38 (22.4%) and Moraxella species 32 (18.8%). The overall Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) rate was 62.9%, with 33 (44.6%) being gram-negative and 74 (77.1%) being gram-positive isolates. CONCLUSION: Conjunctivitis was the dominant clinical case and CoNS, was the predominant isolate. A higher rate of MDR isolates, particularly gram-positive ones, was observed. Efficient peri-ocular or ocular bacterial infection surveillance, including microbiological laboratory data, is necessary for monitoring disease trends. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Asfaw, Tegegne AU - Asfaw T AD - Boru-meda General Hospital, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Metaferia, Yeshi AU - Metaferia Y AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Weldehanna, Endalkachew Gebretsadik AU - Weldehanna EG AD - Wastewater treatment plant laboratory, CGC Overseas Construction Group, P.O. Box 24529/100, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. FAU - Weldehanna, Daniel Gebretsadik AU - Weldehanna DG AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. gebretsadikd@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240813 PL - England TA - BMC Ophthalmol JT - BMC ophthalmology JID - 100967802 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - *Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - *Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Adolescent MH - Hospitals, General MH - Bacteria/isolation & purification/drug effects MH - Child MH - Aged MH - Child, Preschool PMC - PMC11323621 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antimicrobial susceptibility OT - Bacterial profile OT - Boru-meda general hospital OT - Dessie OT - Ethiopia OT - Ocular infection OT - Peri-ocular infection COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/08/14 00:42 MHDA- 2024/08/14 06:41 PMCR- 2024/08/13 CRDT- 2024/08/13 23:41 PHST- 2023/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/14 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/14 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/13 23:41 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12886-024-03544-0 [pii] AID - 3544 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12886-024-03544-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Ophthalmol. 2024 Aug 13;24(1):342. doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03544-0. PMID- 39132547 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240813 IS - 2314-5765 (Print) IS - 2314-5765 (Electronic) IS - 2314-5765 (Linking) VI - 2024 DP - 2024 TI - Probiotic Chocolate Containing Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 Alters the Gut Microbiota Composition of Undernourished Children in Lombok: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial. PG - 9493797 LID - 10.1155/2024/9493797 [doi] LID - 9493797 AB - The present study investigated the ingestion effect of chocolate probiotic containing Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 in undernourished children. A 100-day observation was conducted on undernourished children in Lombok, who were divided into probiotic (n = 28) and placebo (n = 28) groups. Fecal sampling was performed on the 10(th) and 100(th) days and further analyzed for gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), and fecal pH. A significant difference was found in the diversity index, fecal pH, and several microbiotas at the phylum and genus levels. At the phylum level, Bacteroidetes was significantly higher in the probiotic group, and a higher relative abundance (RA) of Firmicutes was found in the placebo group. At the genus level, significant differences were observed in some bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium and Prevotella. Therefore, it can be concluded that the probiotic intervention in this study resulted in changes of gut microbiota diversity and fecal pH. Trial Registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry identifier: TCTR20220425001. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Endang S. Rahayu et al. FAU - Rahayu, Endang S AU - Rahayu ES AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6101-3433 AD - Faculty of Agricultural Technology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Studies Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Yoga, Wahyu K AU - Yoga WK AD - Faculty of Agricultural Technology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Komalasari, Husnita AU - Komalasari H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8399-6015 AD - Faculty of Agricultural Technology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Mariyatun, Mariyatun AU - Mariyatun M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7998-2531 AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Studies Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Yuda, Wednes A AU - Yuda WA AD - Chocolate Factory "nDalem", Yogyakarta 55261, Indonesia. FAU - Manurung, Nancy E P AU - Manurung NEP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5182-7433 AD - Food Technology Study Program Department of Chemical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Palembang 30128, Indonesia. FAU - Hasan, Pratama N AU - Hasan PN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7780-2421 AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Studies Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Suharman, Suharman AU - Suharman S AD - Faculty of Agricultural Technology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Pamungkaningtyas, Fathyah H AU - Pamungkaningtyas FH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2106-0040 AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Studies Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Nurfiana, Dina A AU - Nurfiana DA AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Studies Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Pramesi, Putrika C AU - Pramesi PC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0246-5189 AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Studies Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Gatya, Mifta AU - Gatya M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2934-1971 AD - Center for Food and Nutrition Studies Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Therdtatha, Phatthanaphong AU - Therdtatha P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1443-5270 AD - School of Agro-Industry Faculty of Agro-Industry Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. FAU - Nakayama, Jiro AU - Nakayama J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0449-5106 AD - Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. FAU - Juffrie, Mohammad AU - Juffrie M AD - Department of Public Health Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. FAU - Djaafar, Titiek F AU - Djaafar TF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3287-2754 AD - Research Center for Food Technology and Process National Research and Innovation Agency, Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia. FAU - Marwati, Tri AU - Marwati T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4744-9510 AD - Research Center for Food Technology and Process National Research and Innovation Agency, Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia. FAU - Utami, Tyas AU - Utami T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3600-6060 AD - Faculty of Agricultural Technology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240803 PL - United States TA - Int J Food Sci JT - International journal of food science JID - 101627297 PMC - PMC11316911 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/08/12 12:42 MHDA- 2024/08/12 12:43 PMCR- 2024/08/03 CRDT- 2024/08/12 06:25 PHST- 2023/08/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/12 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/12 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/12 06:25 [entrez] PHST- 2024/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2024/9493797 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Food Sci. 2024 Aug 3;2024:9493797. doi: 10.1155/2024/9493797. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39125355 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240810 LR - 20250203 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 15 DP - 2024 Jul 30 TI - Perception of Paediatricians and Families about Nutritional Supplements: Acceptance, Tolerability and Satisfaction in Malnourished Children (PerceptiONS Jr Study). LID - 10.3390/nu16152475 [doi] LID - 2475 AB - BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a common situation in the Spanish paediatric population. Malnourished children may benefit from different strategies, including dietary modifications or nutritional supplements (NS). It is important to know the different factors that can influence treatment tolerance and adherence, and their impact on nutrition monitoring. OBJECTIVES: To explore the perception of doctors who prescribe nutritional supplements (NS) in children and to investigate different factors involved in tolerance and adherence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive observational study based on an ad hoc electronic survey designed to study doctors' perceptions of at least five of their children with NS and their families, subjected to outpatient follow up. Variables included were the socio-demographic variables of the doctors and children, nutritional status of the patients, amount and characteristics of NS (hyper-caloric oral with fibre (HOFF), oral peptide (OPF) and hyper-caloric infant (HIF)), route of administration, perceived benefits, satisfaction, palatability, adherence, and acceptance. RESULTS: 815 patients aged 0-16 years (mean 10.6 years; SD 7.8) were included. A proportion of 64% received HOFF, 16% FOP, and 20% HIF. A proportion of 84% received exclusive oral NS. Total daily calorie intake prescribed with NS ranged from 30-75% in 48.2% of cases, though it was significantly higher in children under 6 months of age. Improvement in overall condition, nutritional status and quality of life was observed in 82%, 79.5%, and 80% of subjects. Improvement in tolerance and digestive symptoms was reported in 83.5% and 72% of subjects. The degree of satisfaction and acceptance of NS was very good in 80% of cases, with taste being the most influential factor (82.3%). Adherence was adequate in more than 60%, and smell was the most significant feature in lack of adherence (55%). The flavour of the best-accepted supplement was chocolate (44%). A total of 97% of prescribing doctors would recommend the same formula again. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, prescribing doctors and families perceived an excellent benefit from the use of the prescribed formulas, improved quality of life, high satisfaction, acceptance, and adherence. The positive factors for adequate adherence were sufficient information about the formulations and their benefits, and continuity of care during follow-up. Prescribing doctors would recommend supplement use again given the perceived benefits and satisfaction. FAU - Tolin Hernani, Maria Del Mar AU - Tolin Hernani MDM AD - Digestive, Hepatology and Paediatric Nutrition Unit, Infant Maternal Hospital, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, 28007 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Miranda Cid, Maria Del Carmen AU - Miranda Cid MDC AD - Digestive, Hepatology and Paediatric Nutrition Unit, Infant Maternal Hospital, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, 28007 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Guerrero Cuevas, Maria AU - Guerrero Cuevas M AD - Abbott Laboratories, 28050 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Alvarez Calatayud, Guillermo AU - Alvarez Calatayud G AD - Digestive, Hepatology and Paediatric Nutrition Unit, Infant Maternal Hospital, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, 28007 Madrid, Spain. FAU - The PerceptiONS Jr Study Group AU - The PerceptiONS Jr Study Group FAU - Sanchez, Cesar AU - Sanchez C AD - Digestive, Hepatology and Paediatric Nutrition Unit, Infant Maternal Hospital, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, 28007 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20240730 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Child, Preschool MH - Infant MH - Child MH - Male MH - Female MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Adolescent MH - *Pediatricians/psychology MH - Child Nutrition Disorders MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Attitude of Health Personnel MH - Nutritional Status MH - Spain MH - Family MH - Patient Satisfaction MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC11313921 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acceptance OT - adherence OT - children OT - malnutrition OT - nutritional supplements OT - quality of life OT - satisfaction OT - tolerability COIS- Author Maria Guerrero Cuevas was employed by the company Abbott Laboratories. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors declare that this study received funding from Abbott Laboratories, S.A. The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article or the decision to submit it for publication. EDAT- 2024/08/10 15:47 MHDA- 2024/08/10 15:48 PMCR- 2024/07/30 CRDT- 2024/08/10 01:13 PHST- 2024/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/08/10 15:48 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/10 15:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/10 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu16152475 [pii] AID - nutrients-16-02475 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu16152475 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2024 Jul 30;16(15):2475. doi: 10.3390/nu16152475. PMID- 39097116 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240912 LR - 20240912 IS - 1873-3441 (Electronic) IS - 0939-6411 (Linking) VI - 203 DP - 2024 Oct TI - Formulation and clinical evaluation of carbidopa/levodopa oral solution for the treatment of sepiapterin reductase deficiency. PG - 114429 LID - S0939-6411(24)00255-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114429 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: sepiapterine reductase deficiency (SRD) is a rare levodopa (L-dopa)-responsive disorder treated with a combination therapy of controlled-release L-dopa and carbidopa. The currently available formulation of controlled-release carbidopa/L-dopa does not entirely meet the requirements for the long-term therapy in pediatric patients. In fact, administration of a manufactured tablet at a dose intended for adults necessitates its adjustment to the child's needs, as the splitting of the tablet into smaller portions or its dilution in water. It's essential to emphasize that tablets must not be crushed, as this can compromise the controlled-release mechanism and affect the efficacy of the medication. At the moment, commercial liquid formulations are not available. Given these limitations, in house drug preparation in hospitals and community pharmacies is a valid option to ensure the proper therapeutic management of these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we described sample preparation, physical and microbiological analyses, taste testing, and tolerability of a 1:10 ratio carbidopa/L-dopa flavored (mint, raspberry, cacao, berries) and unflavored oral formulation (no sweetening agents were added). We also reported long-term follow-up of two pediatric patients with SRD. RESULTS: we documented the stability for 28 days at 25 degrees C of the liquid solution. All formulations were well-tolerated, and no adverse events were observed during or after assessing taste and tolerability. The long-term follow up of two patients was characterized by effective symptom control and optimal treatment adherence and compliance. CONCLUSIONS: in-house liquid drug formulations can be a valid option for pediatric patients with SRD. Given the significant impact of taste on medication adherence, the use of flavoring agents in the development of liquid formulations of L-dopa/carbidopa results a very useful strategy to obtain optimal adherence in the pediatric population. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Maines, Evelina AU - Maines E AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. FAU - Temporin, Giorgio AU - Temporin G AD - Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. FAU - Fedrizzi, Michela AU - Fedrizzi M AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. FAU - Pasqualini, Alessandra AU - Pasqualini A AD - Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. FAU - Junior Masnata, Lorenzo AU - Junior Masnata L AD - Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. FAU - Campomori, Annalisa AU - Campomori A AD - Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. FAU - Iodice, Alessandro AU - Iodice A AD - Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. FAU - Piccoli, Giovanni AU - Piccoli G AD - CIBIO - Centre for Integrative Biology, Universita Degli Studi di Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Povo, Trento, Italy. FAU - Soffiati, Massimo AU - Soffiati M AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. FAU - Franceschi, Roberto AU - Franceschi R AD - Pediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. FAU - Urru, Silvana Anna Maria AU - Urru SAM AD - Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Azienda Provinciale Per i Servizi Sanitari, Largo Medaglie d'oro 9, Trento, Italy. Electronic address: silvanaannamaria.urru@apss.tn.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240807 PL - Netherlands TA - Eur J Pharm Biopharm JT - European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V JID - 9109778 RN - MNX7R8C5VO (Carbidopa) RN - 46627O600J (Levodopa) RN - 0 (Drug Combinations) RN - 0 (carbidopa, levodopa drug combination) RN - EC 1.1.- (Alcohol Oxidoreductases) RN - EC 1.1.1.153 (sepiapterin reductase) RN - 0 (Delayed-Action Preparations) RN - 0 (Pharmaceutical Solutions) SB - IM MH - *Carbidopa/administration & dosage MH - *Levodopa/administration & dosage MH - Humans MH - *Drug Combinations MH - Administration, Oral MH - Male MH - Alcohol Oxidoreductases/metabolism MH - Female MH - Drug Compounding/methods MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Delayed-Action Preparations/administration & dosage MH - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods MH - Taste/drug effects MH - Pharmaceutical Solutions/administration & dosage OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adherence OT - Liquid oral flavored solution OT - Pediatric patients OT - Sepiapterin reductase deficiency COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/08/04 13:44 MHDA- 2024/09/13 00:46 CRDT- 2024/08/03 19:20 PHST- 2024/01/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/09/13 00:46 [medline] PHST- 2024/08/04 13:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/08/03 19:20 [entrez] AID - S0939-6411(24)00255-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114429 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2024 Oct;203:114429. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114429. Epub 2024 Aug 7. PMID- 39064754 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240728 LR - 20250124 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 14 DP - 2024 Jul 18 TI - Effects of New Complementary Feeding Guidelines on Eating Behaviour, Food Consumption and Growth in Colombian Children: 6-Year Follow-Up of a Randomised Controlled Trial. LID - 10.3390/nu16142311 [doi] LID - 2311 AB - Complementary feeding (CF) may influence later eating behaviour and growth. Our previous Randomised Control Trial (RCT) reported that new CF guidelines (NCFGs) implemented in 6-12-month-old infants in Bogota, Colombia, had positive short-term effects on red meat, vegetable and fruit consumption. Here, we assessed the effects of the NCFGs on food consumption, eating behaviour and growth at 6 years of age. Weight and height were measured using 50 children (58.8%) from the cohort. Feeding behaviour was measured using the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) and maternal and child food consumption was measured using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The control group (CG) had a significantly higher weekly consumption of chocolate milk drinks (p = 0.05). The mean food responsiveness (FR) score was significantly higher in the CG (p < 0.001). Although HAZ (height for age Z-score) at 6 years of age was significantly higher in the CG (p < 0.02), there was no significant difference between groups in the change in HAZ from 6 months and 12 months to 6 years of age. BMIZ (body mass index Z-score) and % overweight (CG 18.5% versus NCFG 13%) or obese (3.7% versus 0%) were not significantly different between groups. BMIZ was positively predicted by FR (beta 0.293; p = 0.014) and negatively predicted by weekly red meat consumption episodes per week at 12 months (beta -0.169; p = 0.020). Although there was no direct effect of an intervention on BMIZ at 6 years of age, the results were consistent with an indirect effect via intervention effects on meat consumption at an age of 12 months and FR at 6 years of age. However, further longitudinal studies with a larger sample size are needed. FAU - Olaya Vega, Gilma AU - Olaya Vega G AD - Nutrition and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia. FAU - Fewtrell, Mary AU - Fewtrell M AD - Population, Policy & Practice Research and Department, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London (UCL), London WC1N 1EH, UK. LA - eng GR - NA/Pontificia Universidad Javeriana/ GR - NA/University College London/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20240718 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Colombia MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Infant MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - *Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology MH - Child MH - *Nutrition Policy MH - Child Development MH - Eating/physiology MH - Diet MH - Vegetables MH - Body Mass Index PMC - PMC11279513 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - complementary feeding OT - eating behaviour OT - effects OT - growth OT - infants COIS- M.F. received an unrestricted research donation from Philips. G.O.V. has no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2024/07/27 10:47 MHDA- 2024/07/28 14:54 PMCR- 2024/07/18 CRDT- 2024/07/27 01:23 PHST- 2024/04/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/28 14:54 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/27 10:47 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/27 01:23 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu16142311 [pii] AID - nutrients-16-02311 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu16142311 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2024 Jul 18;16(14):2311. doi: 10.3390/nu16142311. PMID- 39041893 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241127 LR - 20260917 IS - 1099-0496 (Electronic) IS - 8755-6863 (Print) IS - 1099-0496 (Linking) VI - 59 IP - 12 DP - 2024 Dec TI - "I eat chocolate milk for dinner because we just have nothing in our fridge": The invisible burden and dire consequences of food insecurity for people with cystic fibrosis in the United States. PG - 3228-3239 LID - 10.1002/ppul.27179 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: One-third of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) are food insecure, with profound negative implications for their health. This qualitative study explored lived experiences with food insecurity among pwCF or their caregivers and summarized their perspectives on food insecurity screening in the cystic fibrosis (CF) programs where they receive care. METHODS: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with two groups: (1) adults with CF and (2) parents or caregivers of children with CF. PwCF or their caregivers with previously documented food insecurity were referred for participation by pediatric and adult CF programs across the United States. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were coded and analyzed by two independent coders using a content-analysis approach with a constant comparative method to generate themes. RESULTS: A total of 26 participants from 22 CF programs were interviewed. The sample included 17 adults with CF and nine parents of children with CF. Participants were predominantly White (88%) and female (92%). Five overarching themes emerged: (1) food insecurity among CF patients and their families is onerous, (2) financial constraints imposed by the CF disease contribute to food insecurity, (3) federal and state programs provide limited food assistance, and other support is minimal, (4) shame and stigma engulf conversations around food insecurity with CF care teams, and (5) food insecurity screening in clinical settings is critical. CONCLUSIONS: Food insecurity among pwCF is invisible, but its consequences are dire. Assistance is limited, screening is inconsistent, and stigma is widespread. There is an urgent need to normalize food insecurity screening, standardize the screening process, and expand food assistance programs for pwCF. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). Pediatric Pulmonology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Niranjan, Soumya J AU - Niranjan SJ AD - The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. FAU - Brown, Georgia AU - Brown G AD - Community Advisor to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. FAU - Bailey, Julianna AU - Bailey J AD - The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. FAU - Geurs, Robin AU - Geurs R AD - The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. FAU - Robinson, Keith J AU - Robinson KJ AD - University of Vermont Children's Hospital, Burlington, Vermont, USA. FAU - Schechter, Michael S AU - Schechter MS AD - Virginia Commonwealth University and Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, Virginia, USA. FAU - Powers, Kate E AU - Powers KE AD - Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA. FAU - Clemm, Cristen AU - Clemm C AD - Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. FAU - Reno, Kim AU - Reno K AD - Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. FAU - Oates, Gabriela R AU - Oates GR AD - The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. LA - eng GR - P30 DK072482/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - Cystic Fibrosis Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240723 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Pulmonol JT - Pediatric pulmonology JID - 8510590 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Cystic Fibrosis/psychology MH - Female MH - Male MH - United States MH - Adult MH - *Food Insecurity MH - *Qualitative Research MH - Caregivers/psychology MH - Child MH - Young Adult MH - Parents/psychology MH - Middle Aged MH - Adolescent MH - Food Supply/statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC11601017 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cystic fibrosis OT - food insecurity OT - nutrition OT - qualitative research OT - stigma COIS- Kim Reno and Cristen Clemm are employees of the CF Foundation. Georgia Brown is a person living with CF. All co-authors served on the CF Foundation Food Security Committee and received an honorarium. EDAT- 2024/07/23 12:42 MHDA- 2024/11/27 12:33 PMCR- 2024/11/27 CRDT- 2024/07/23 09:42 PHST- 2024/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/27 12:33 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/23 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/23 09:42 [entrez] PHST- 2024/11/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PPUL27179 [pii] AID - 10.1002/ppul.27179 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Pulmonol. 2024 Dec;59(12):3228-3239. doi: 10.1002/ppul.27179. Epub 2024 Jul 23. PMID- 39030825 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240720 LR - 20261025 IS - 1745-4603 (Electronic) IS - 0022-4901 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Aug TI - Influence of changing dentition on food texture preferences and perception of eating difficulty in Australian children. PG - e12856 LID - 10.1111/jtxs.12856 [doi] AB - The transition from primary to permanent dentition is an important phase in children's oral development, yet its impact on texture perception and food acceptance are less explored. This study aimed to investigate how changing dentition and tooth loss influence texture preferences and perception of eating difficulty among children aged 5 to 12 years. Children (n = 475) completed a forced-choice questionnaire featuring drawings of six food pairs, each available in hard or soft texture, and reported whether they had started losing primary teeth and the number of tooth gaps present. They also tasted four samples: chocolate snacks (cake and biscuits) and cheddar cheese (grated and cubes), evaluating their perceived eating difficulty and liking for each sample. Analysis of questionnaire responses showed a general preference for softer food textures among children, with a 36% probability of choosing hard foods. Preferences were not related to child's dental state, including primary teeth loss (p = .13) or number of tooth gaps (p = .45). In the taste test, chocolate biscuits and cheese cubes were perceived as significantly more difficult to eat than chocolate cake and grated cheese, respectively (both p < .0001). Children with more than two tooth gaps reported greater eating difficulty for chocolate biscuits and cheese cubes compared to children with fewer or no tooth gaps. This study demonstrated that children's texture preferences for hardness of foods remained consistent during dentition change, while their perception of eating difficulty could vary based on their dental state at specific points in time. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Texture Studies published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Chow, Ching Yue AU - Chow CY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7955-2734 AD - Section for Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. AD - CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. AD - Arla Innovation Centre, Arla Foods AMBA, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Bech, Anne C AU - Bech AC AD - Arla Innovation Centre, Arla Foods AMBA, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Olsen, Annemarie AU - Olsen A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8335-0588 AD - Section for Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. FAU - Keast, Russell AU - Keast R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2147-7687 AD - CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Russell, Catherine G AU - Russell CG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0848-2724 AD - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Bredie, Wender L P AU - Bredie WLP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5145-4131 AD - Section for Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - J Texture Stud JT - Journal of texture studies JID - 0252052 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Food Preferences MH - Child MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - Australia MH - Taste MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Chocolate MH - Cheese MH - Eating MH - Dentition MH - Tooth, Deciduous MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Snacks OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - dentition OT - eating difficulty OT - hardness OT - preference OT - texture EDAT- 2024/07/20 20:44 MHDA- 2024/07/20 20:45 CRDT- 2024/07/20 06:23 PHST- 2024/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/20 20:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/20 20:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/20 06:23 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jtxs.12856 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Texture Stud. 2024 Aug;55(4):e12856. doi: 10.1111/jtxs.12856. PMID- 39021597 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240719 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2024 TI - Evaluation of the nutritional quality of French children breakfasts according to the Breakfast Quality Score (BQS). PG - 1430831 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2024.1430831 [doi] LID - 1430831 AB - BACKGROUND: Breakfast meals provide essential nutrients and energy to children and adolescents. Based on recommendations from the International Breakfast Research Initiative (IBRI), the Breakfast Quality Score (BQS) was developed to assess breakfast nutritional value among the French adult population. However, its application to children remains unexplored. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the BQS in assessing the nutritional quality of breakfasts consumed by French children aged 4-17 years. METHODS: A total of 4,015 breakfasts, obtained from dietary recalls provided by 1,448 children participating in the French representative dietary survey (INCA3), were analyzed. As for adults, the performance of the BQS was tested through correlations with other nutritional indicators and comparison of nutrients and dietary components between tertiles of scores. The study examined the regularity of breakfast consumption and compared the BQS of children's breakfasts across socio-demographic modalities and breakfast categories distinguished by their primary grain component. Additionally, a predictive modeling using Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression identified influential INCA3 food groups. RESULTS: The majority of children consumed solid breakfasts regularly. Socio-professional category, household income and food insecurity influenced BQS, revealing contradictory disparities. Ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) breakfasts had the highest BQS (73.5% for children and 73.1% for adolescent), while biscuits and viennoiseries scored the lowest (52% for children and 49.1% for adolescent). PLS highlighted RTECs, milk, and hot beverages (mainly containing chocolate milk) as being positively associated with BQS, while sweet beverages and viennoiseries were negatively associated. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the BQS in assessing children's breakfast quality, with RTEC breakfasts showing the highest nutritional value. The findings provide insights into factors influencing breakfast nutritional quality and underscore the importance of promoting healthier breakfast choices among all children. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Poinsot, Hopkins and Maillot. FAU - Poinsot, Romane AU - Poinsot R AD - MS-Nutrition, Marseille, France. FAU - Hopkins, Sinead AU - Hopkins S AD - Cereal Partners Worldwide, Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Maillot, Matthieu AU - Maillot M AD - MS-Nutrition, Marseille, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240703 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC11252056 OTO - NOTNLM OT - breakfast OT - grains OT - meal OT - nutrient profiling OT - nutritional adequacy OT - nutritional recommendations OT - score COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/07/18 06:42 MHDA- 2024/07/18 06:43 PMCR- 2024/01/01 CRDT- 2024/07/18 04:38 PHST- 2024/05/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/18 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/18 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/18 04:38 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2024.1430831 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2024 Jul 3;11:1430831. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1430831. eCollection 2024. PMID- 39013935 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240716 LR - 20240801 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jul 16 TI - Electrochemical and statistical study of Nickel ion assessment in daily children intake samples relying on magnesium aluminate spinel nanoparticles. PG - 16424 LID - 10.1038/s41598-024-64052-1 [doi] LID - 16424 AB - Lately, children's daily consumption of some products, such as cereals and candies, has been rising, which provides a compelling rationale for determining any metallic substances that may be present. Monitoring the concentration of certain metals, like nickel, in these products is necessary due to medical issues in humans when consumed regularly. So, in this work, a novel and highly selective carbon paste as a Ni(II) ion-selective sensor was prepared and investigated using ceramic magnesium aluminum spinel nanoparticles as the ionophore and tritolyl phosphate (TOCP) as a plasticizer. A modified co-precipitation method was used to synthesize the spinel nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope with EDAX, transmission electron microscope, and BET surface area were used to determine the phase composition, microstructure, pores size, particle size, and surface area of the synthesized nanoparticles. The spinel nanoparticle was found to have a nano crystallite size with a cubic crystal system, a particle size ranging from 17.2 to 51.52 nm, mesoporous nature (average pore size = 8.72 nm), and a large surface area (61.75 m(2)/g). The composition ratio of graphite carbon as a base: TOCP as binder: spinal as ionophore was 67.3:30.0:2.7 (wt%) based on potentiometric detections over concentrations from 5.0 x 10(-8) to 1.0 x 10(-2) mol L(-1) with LOD of 5.0 x 10(-8) mol L(-1). A measurement of 29.22 +/- 0.12 mV decade(-1) over pH 2.0-7.0 was made for the Nernstian slope. This sensor demonstrated good repeatability over nine weeks and a rapid response of 8 s. A good selectivity was shown for Ni(II) ions across many interferents, tri-, di-, and monovalent cations. The Ni(II) content in spiked real samples, including cocaine, sweets, coca, chocolate, carbonated drinks, cereals, and packages, were measured. The results obtained indicated no significant difference between the proposed potentiometric method and the officially reported ICP method according to the F- and t-test data. In addition to utilizing ANOVA statistical analysis, validation procedures have been implemented, and the results exceed the ICP-MS methodology. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Mostafa, Maysa R AU - Mostafa MR AD - Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt. FAU - Mohamed, Gehad G AU - Mohamed GG AD - Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt. AD - Nanoscience Department, Basic and Applied Sciences Institute, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt. FAU - Fouad, Omar A AU - Fouad OA AD - Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt. oahmed@sci.cu.edu.eg. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240716 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 7OV03QG267 (Nickel) RN - 3A3U0GI71G (Magnesium Oxide) RN - 0 (spinell) RN - LMI26O6933 (Aluminum Oxide) RN - I38ZP9992A (Magnesium) RN - 0 (Ions) RN - 0 (Ionophores) SB - IM MH - *Nickel/analysis/chemistry MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Magnesium Oxide/chemistry MH - Electrochemical Techniques/methods MH - Aluminum Oxide/chemistry MH - Nanoparticles/chemistry MH - Magnesium/chemistry/analysis MH - Ions/analysis MH - X-Ray Diffraction MH - Ionophores/chemistry PMC - PMC11252383 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Candy OT - Carbon paste electrode OT - Ceramic nanoparticles OT - Chocolate OT - Coca OT - Cocaine OT - Fizzy drinks OT - Potentiometry OT - Scanning electron microscope OT - X-ray COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/07/17 00:41 MHDA- 2024/07/17 00:42 PMCR- 2024/07/16 CRDT- 2024/07/16 23:20 PHST- 2024/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/17 00:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/17 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/16 23:20 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-64052-1 [pii] AID - 64052 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-64052-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 16;14(1):16424. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-64052-1. PMID- 39004263 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241009 LR - 20241009 IS - 1873-6246 (Electronic) IS - 0301-0511 (Linking) VI - 192 DP - 2024 Oct TI - Decoupling of desire and salivation over repeated chocolate consumption and the moderating role of food legalizing. PG - 108846 LID - S0301-0511(24)00105-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108846 [doi] AB - This study aimed to investigate the responses in desire and salivation during repeated chocolate consumption, and examining how these responses are influenced by a relaxed relationship with food, or 'food legalizing'. Salivation is often used as a proxy for desire, though evidence for this correlation is mixed. We hypothesized that both desire and salivation would decrease with repeated chocolate intake. Additionally, research has suggested that eating styles may affect habituation rates. We proposed that individuals with the food legalizing trait would habituate more rapidly to chocolate, providing an alternative mechanism to reward sensitivity associated with restrained eating. Fifty healthy-weight individuals participated in the study, consuming five blocks of chocolate (each 4 g, 22 calories) over trials. After the trials, participants were allowed to eat as much chocolate as they desired. The results showed that salivation was not correlated with self-reported desire over repeated chocolate consumption. While desire decreased with repeated intake and predicted ad libitum consumption, salivation increased and did not predict ad libitum consumption. Furthermore, food legalizing moderated the rate of responding in terms of the desire to eat but did not affect salivary flow. These findings suggest that salivation is not a reliable physiological measure of desire when eating chocolate. Instead, salivation appears to reflect sensitization to the sensory characteristics of chocolate and is less predictive of subsequent ad libitum chocolate consumption than self-reported desire. Lastly, having a carefree relationship with chocolate may help regulate its consumption, highlighting the potential benefits of a relaxed attitude toward food. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Kaan, Jiri AU - Kaan J AD - Health and Society, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: jiri.kaan@wur.nl. FAU - van Kleef, Ellen AU - van Kleef E AD - Marketing and Consumer Behavior Group, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, the Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240714 PL - Netherlands TA - Biol Psychol JT - Biological psychology JID - 0375566 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Chocolate MH - Female MH - *Salivation/physiology MH - Male MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Eating/physiology/psychology MH - Feeding Behavior/physiology/psychology MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chocolate OT - Desire OT - Food legalizing OT - Habituation OT - Salivation COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/07/15 00:41 MHDA- 2024/10/10 00:38 CRDT- 2024/07/14 19:26 PHST- 2024/01/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/07/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/10/10 00:38 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/15 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/14 19:26 [entrez] AID - S0301-0511(24)00105-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108846 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biol Psychol. 2024 Oct;192:108846. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108846. Epub 2024 Jul 14. PMID- 38974328 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260922 IS - 2398-8835 (Electronic) IS - 2398-8835 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 7 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Prevalence and associated factors of overweight in Chinese adolescents: A cross-sectional study. PG - e2237 LID - 10.1002/hsr2.2237 [doi] LID - e2237 AB - BACKGROUND AND AIM: Obesity has been a global public health issue due to the increasing mortality rate and prevalence among children. However, there are scarce studies on obesity prevalence in Hong Kong children. The study aims to identify the risk factors of obesity among primary and secondary school students by assessing the relationship between sociodemographic factors, health-related behaviors, and social relationships. METHODS: Self-administrated surveys were collected from 30 primary schools and 25 secondary schools participating in the "Quality Education Fund Thematic Network on Health Schools" project. Descriptive analysis was conducted to examine the proportions of different characteristics and to compare the disparity between primary and secondary school students with obesity. RESULTS: A total of 4884 responses were collected. A larger proportion of primary school students with obesity were male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77-3.67, p < 0.001) and actively gamed (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.07-2.51, p = 0.024). Secondary school students with obesity were male (aOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.21-2.13, p = 0.001), had poor self-perceived academic performance (aOR:1.51, 95% CI: 1.10-2.08, p = 0.011) and expressed higher life satisfaction (family) (aOR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.26, p = 0.032). There were negative associations found between obesity and physical activity, high consumption of sugary drinks, chocolate or candies, and insufficient consumption of vegetables. CONCLUSION: Male sex, physical inactivity, low self-perecived academic performance, and poor dietary behaviors were the risk factors for obesity among primary and secondary school students. The findings highlighted the importance of identifying younger individuals who were at risk of becoming clinically obese. Further studies should explore the effectiveness of various interventions through longitudinal study. CI - (c) 2024 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Huang, Junjie AU - Huang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2382-4443 AD - Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. AD - Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Keung, Vera M W AU - Keung VMW AD - Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Cheung, Calvin K M AU - Cheung CKM AD - Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Lo, Amelia S C AU - Lo ASC AD - Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Chan, Sze C AU - Chan SC AD - Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Wong, Yuet Y AU - Wong YY AD - Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Mui, Lancelot W H AU - Mui LWH AD - Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. AD - Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Lee, Albert AU - Lee A AD - Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. AD - Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. FAU - Wong, Martin C S AU - Wong MCS AD - Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. AD - Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR. AD - The School of Public Health Peking University Beijing China. AD - The School of Public Health The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and The Peking Union Medical Colleges Beijing China. AD - The School of Public Health Fudan University Shanghai China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240704 PL - United States TA - Health Sci Rep JT - Health science reports JID - 101728855 PMC - PMC11224025 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - obesity OT - overweight OT - risk factors OT - students COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/07/08 12:42 MHDA- 2024/07/08 12:43 PMCR- 2024/07/04 CRDT- 2024/07/08 07:30 PHST- 2023/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/08 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/07/08 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/07/08 07:30 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - HSR22237 [pii] AID - 10.1002/hsr2.2237 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 4;7(7):e2237. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.2237. eCollection 2024 Jul. PMID- 38908409 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240705 LR - 20240923 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 200 DP - 2024 Sep 1 TI - Exploring parental secretive eating of sugary foods and drinks, and its associations with food consumption in families. PG - 107578 LID - S0195-6663(24)00381-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107578 [doi] AB - As a way of modeling healthier eating habits for their children, parents may intentionally avoid consuming sugary foods and drinks (SFDs) in their presence but consume these on other occasions (later referred to as parental secretive eating). This study aimed to 1) explore the prevalence of parental secretive eating, 2) investigate the associations between parental secretive eating and SFD consumption in parents and children, and 3) qualitatively explore the reasons for parental secretive eating. Participants were Finnish mothers (n = 362), fathers (n = 123), and their 3-6-year-old children (n = 403); this data was collected in 2017 as part of the baseline assessment of the DAGIS intervention. Parents reported how often they avoided eating SFDs in the presence of their child, completed food frequency questionnaires for themselves and their child, and responded to an open-ended question of explaining reasons for secretive eating. The overall prevalence of parental secretive eating was 68%. It was more common among mothers than fathers (p < 0.001) and most prevalent in chocolate (61%) and sweets (59%). Parental secretive eating was positively associated with SFD consumption both among mothers (ꞵ = 0.274, p < 0.001) and fathers (ꞵ = 0.210, p = 0.028) in linear regression models adjusted for parents' and child's age, child's gender, parental education level, and number of household members. Mothers' or fathers' secretive eating and child's SFD consumption were not associated (ꞵ = 0.031, p = 0.562; ꞵ = -0.143; p = 0.167). Three themes describing reasons for parental secretive eating were found: family food rules, avoiding child's requests, and aspiration for healthy modeling. In conclusion, parental secretive eating may play an important role in determining SFD consumption in families with preschoolers. Additional research is needed to determine whether parents can prevent their own eating habits from influencing their child through secretive eating. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Sarvanne, Tuuli AU - Sarvanne T AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, PO Box 35, 40014, Finland. FAU - Kokko, Sami AU - Kokko S AD - Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, PO Box 35, 40014, Finland. FAU - Abdollahi, Anna M AU - Abdollahi AM AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Finland. FAU - Serasinghe, Nithya AU - Serasinghe N AD - Folkhalsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland. FAU - Kinnunen, Satu AU - Kinnunen S AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Finland. FAU - Lehto, Reetta AU - Lehto R AD - Folkhalsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland. FAU - Vepsalainen, Henna AU - Vepsalainen H AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Finland. Electronic address: henna.vepsalainen@helsinki.fi. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240621 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Finland MH - Parents/psychology MH - Sugar-Sweetened Beverages/statistics & numerical data MH - Parenting/psychology MH - Dietary Sugars MH - Mothers/psychology MH - Parent-Child Relations OTO - NOTNLM OT - Covert control OT - Food parenting practices OT - Mixed methods OT - Role modeling OT - Snack food OT - Sugar-sweetened beverages COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/06/23 00:42 MHDA- 2024/07/06 10:44 CRDT- 2024/06/22 19:25 PHST- 2024/03/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/06/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/06 10:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/23 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/22 19:25 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(24)00381-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107578 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2024 Sep 1;200:107578. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107578. Epub 2024 Jun 21. PMID- 38873440 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260922 IS - 2048-7177 (Print) IS - 2048-7177 (Electronic) IS - 2048-7177 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jun TI - Preparation and evaluation of functional cocoa-free spread alternatives from different sources. PG - 4299-4310 LID - 10.1002/fsn3.4095 [doi] AB - Spread products have an important market share as they have high nutritional value and they are increasingly consumed, especially by children as a source of energy. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the potential use of powdered chickpea, black rice, carob, doum, date seeds, and beetroot to produce novel functional spreadable products as cocoa-free alternatives. Additionally, to avoid the side effects of cocoa-based products and to assess the cocoa replacement effects on the sensory properties, chemical composition, texture analysis, viscosity, antioxidant, peroxide stability, and microbial quality during storage periods were compared to the ones of cocoa spread. Sensory evaluation revealed that most formulated spreads were accepted as chocolate spread alternatives since there was no significant difference in overall acceptability among cocoa, chickpea, black rice, carob, and doum, while date seeds and beetroot spreads were significantly less acceptable. A variation was observed in the proximate chemical analysis of the produced functional spreads, as the alternative spreads had different characteristics to each other in their physicochemical, texture, and rheological properties. Results indicated a wide variation in the total phenolic content (TPC) of the different spread extracts. The highest amount of TPC was obtained for beetroot spread (455.84 mg GAE/100 g) followed by black rice spread (436.08 mg GAE/100 g). The obtained results indicated that the antioxidant activity of different spreads was significantly different (p < .05) while based on their microbiological analysis, they could have a shelf life of up to 9 months. According to the results, chickpea, carob, doum, black rice, date seeds, and beetroot powders could be used for the production of cocoa-free alternatives as they were highly acceptable and they showed antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Smuda, Sayed Saad AU - Smuda SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7713-0693 AD - Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University Giza Egypt. FAU - Mohammed, Amera T AU - Mohammed AT AD - Department of Crops Technology Research Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt. FAU - Tsakali, Efstathia AU - Tsakali E AD - Department of Food Science & Technology University of West Attica Egaleo Greece. AD - BioTeC+- Biochemical Process and Control, Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Technology Campus Gent Gent Belgium. FAU - Van Impe, Jan F M AU - Van Impe JFM AD - BioTeC+- Biochemical Process and Control, Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Technology Campus Gent Gent Belgium. FAU - Marie, Asmaa M AU - Marie AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8168-9529 AD - Department of Crops Technology Research Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240412 PL - United States TA - Food Sci Nutr JT - Food science & nutrition JID - 101605473 PMC - PMC11167172 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cocoa alternatives OT - cocoa-free spread OT - sensory attributes physicochemical characteristic OT - storage stability COIS- The authors do not have any conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2024/06/14 06:42 MHDA- 2024/06/14 06:43 PMCR- 2024/04/12 CRDT- 2024/06/14 04:28 PHST- 2023/10/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/14 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/14 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/14 04:28 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - FSN34095 [pii] AID - 10.1002/fsn3.4095 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Apr 12;12(6):4299-4310. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4095. eCollection 2024 Jun. PMID- 38853175 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240609 LR - 20240612 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jun 9 TI - Association between a western diet and asthma among children and adolescents. PG - 13240 LID - 10.1038/s41598-024-64008-5 [doi] LID - 13240 AB - Several risk factors including environmental exposures, socioeconomic status, and dietary factors including dietary patterns have been considered for childhood Asthma. The present study tried to examine the association between a western-style pattern and the likelihood of asthma and its symptoms in Yazd, Iran. In the present cross-sectional study, dietary intakes of elementary and high-school children were obtained through a validated GAN questionnaire. The GAN questionnaire, derived from the ISAAC questionnaire was used to assess the symptoms of allergic diseases and their related risk factors. A western dietary pattern score considered 9 food groups including chicken eggs, margarine, butter, sugar, fast foods, soft drinks, snacks, sauce, and chocolate. In total 7667 children aged 10.9 +/- 3.35 years were included in the current investigation. Boys with higher adherence to western dietary pattern had a higher risk of wheezing in the past 12 months (OR 1.37, 5% CI 1.01-1.87, P = 0.04) and this association was also observed in the whole population (OR 1.30, 5% CI 1.05-1.60, P = 0.01). However, after adjustment for confounders this relation did not remain significant in boys. Our results support the hypothesis that a western dietary pattern is associated with an increased risk of wheezing in the past 12 months in children with asthma. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Emrani, Arezoo Sadat AU - Emrani AS AD - Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AD - Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. FAU - Sasanfar, Bahareh AU - Sasanfar B AD - Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AD - Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. FAU - Jowshan, Mohammad-Reza AU - Jowshan MR AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AD - Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. FAU - Behniafard, Nasrin AU - Behniafard N AD - Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Ebne sina boulevard, Yazd, Iran. AD - Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. FAU - Nafei, Zahra AU - Nafei Z AD - Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Ebne sina boulevard, Yazd, Iran. Nafeiy@yahoo.com. FAU - Salehi-Abargouei, Amin AU - Salehi-Abargouei A AD - Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AD - Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240609 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Asthma/epidemiology/etiology MH - Male MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - *Diet, Western/adverse effects MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Iran/epidemiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Respiratory Sounds/etiology PMC - PMC11162998 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma OT - Children OT - Cross sectional OT - Western diet OT - Western pattern COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2024/06/10 00:42 MHDA- 2024/06/10 00:43 PMCR- 2024/06/09 CRDT- 2024/06/09 23:06 PHST- 2024/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/10 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/10 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/09 23:06 [entrez] PHST- 2024/06/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-64008-5 [pii] AID - 64008 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-024-64008-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2024 Jun 9;14(1):13240. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-64008-5. PMID- 38846000 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240608 IS - 2405-8440 (Print) IS - 2405-8440 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8440 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 11 DP - 2024 Jun 15 TI - Assessment of pesticide knowledge, Safety Practices and postharvest handling among cocoa farmers in South Western Nigeria. PG - e31724 LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31724 [doi] LID - e31724 AB - Cocoa beans are susceptible to fungal contamination during processing and storage. The knowledge of the use of pesticides and post-harvest handling of cocoa beans among farmers is of great importance for safe consumption. The study evaluated common cocoa production and post-harvest practices of farmers in selected study locations in South Western Nigeria. Primary data were collected through the administration of structured questionnaires, and interviews. The collected data were analyzed using inferential descriptive statistics. The results of 394 farmers showed that 52.9 % in Osun and 47.3 % in Oyo were primarily farmers by occupation, the rest had other ventures. The majority of cocoa farmers were men:83.6 % in Oyo State, 88.2 % in Osun state and 87.9 % in Ondo state. 28.6 % and 32.7 % of farmers were aged 51-60 in the Ondo and Oyo communities, respectively. Osun farming communities are dominated by young adults (51 %) of 31-50 years, followed by Ondo 40 % and36 % of farmers in Oyo State. Most cocoa farmers were married with 4-6 children as the most common household size in Osun (51 %), Ondo (60.4 %) and 49.1 % in Oyo State. The literacy level of farmers in cocoa communities was the highest in Oyo state where 47.3 % had tertiary education. Farmers in Oyo State had better knowledge of the dangers of pesticides than Ondo and Osun. However, ignorance of dangers in agrochemicals was higher among Osun farmers than in Ondo State. The highest (18 %) pesticide use during storage was recorded among Oyo farmers, while the least (11.0 %) was recorded among farmers in Ondo State. Pesticide usage was more abundant in Osun (50 %) during cocoa production than in the other study areas. The majority of farmers were positively disposed to make use of nose masks during agrochemical application, meanwhile, 69 %, 62 %, and 61 % of farmers used them already in Oyo, Ondo, and Osun states, respectively. Educational qualification (chi(2) = 9.176, p = 0.027) of cocoa farmers was significantly related to knowledge of best practices. Farmers with higher education have a greater ability to receive and process information relating to global best practices in production, postharvest, and pesticide handling in cocoa. In conclusion, cocoa farmers' knowledge of processing, use of pesticides, and storage practices differed from one location to another. Intensive orientation and more enlightenment by extension workers against indiscriminate use of pesticides in cocoa plantations and stores must be consistently and continuously done. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Ademola, S M AU - Ademola SM AD - Environmental Management and Crop Production Unit, B. Agriculture Program, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria. AD - Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, P.M.B. 5244, Ibadan, Nigeria. FAU - Esan, V I AU - Esan VI AD - Environmental Management and Crop Production Unit, B. Agriculture Program, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria. FAU - Sangoyomi, T E AU - Sangoyomi TE AD - Environmental Management and Crop Production Unit, B. Agriculture Program, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240523 PL - England TA - Heliyon JT - Heliyon JID - 101672560 PMC - PMC11153199 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Active ingredients OT - Cocoa OT - Farmers; practice OT - Pesticide use OT - Postharvest OT - Storage COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests EDAT- 2024/06/07 06:43 MHDA- 2024/06/07 06:44 PMCR- 2024/05/23 CRDT- 2024/06/07 04:38 PHST- 2023/08/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/07 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/06/07 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/06/07 04:38 [entrez] PHST- 2024/05/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-8440(24)07755-7 [pii] AID - e31724 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31724 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Heliyon. 2024 May 23;10(11):e31724. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31724. eCollection 2024 Jun 15. PMID- 38806378 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241128 LR - 20260623 IS - 1878-7541 (Electronic) IS - 1550-8307 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Nov-Dec TI - RANGATAHI MAORI AND THE WHANAU CHOCOLATE BOX: Rangatahi wellbeing in whanau contexts. PG - 103007 LID - S1550-8307(24)00087-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.explore.2024.05.005 [doi] AB - Whanau (Maori understandings of family) are comprised of unique and vital relationships that support and scaffold rangatahi (youth) wellbeing, yet are often reduced to nuclear family structures within individualised notions of wellbeing. While rangatahi contend with racialised discourses in a colonial socio-cultural context, their whanau can be an important site for mitigating these challenges, supporting rangatahi agency and wellbeing. This article explores how whanau practices inform rangatahi wellbeing, drawing upon photo-projects and interviews with 51 rangatahi and their whanau. Interviews were thematically analysed, informing four themes that drew on Maori (the Indigenous people of Aotearoa) concepts and whakatauki: te haerenga whakamua, kotahitanga, he toa takitini and tatai hono. These themes speak to the significance of vitalising relationships between rangatahi, their whanau and beyond. We outline a strengths-based activity with rangatahi and their whanau, identifying and drawing from the delightful array of whanau relationships, qualities and characteristics that may be likened to a 'whanau chocolate box' for rangatahi to derive influence, systems of support and inspiration for future identities and inspiration. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Te Maringi Mai O Hawaiiki AU - Te Maringi Mai O Hawaiiki AD - University of Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: te.maringi.marsh@auckland.ac.nz. FAU - Le Grice, Jade AU - Le Grice J AD - University of Auckland, New Zealand. FAU - Hamley, Logan AU - Hamley L AD - University of Waikato, New Zealand. FAU - Lindsay Latimer, Cinnamon AU - Lindsay Latimer C AD - University of Auckland, New Zealand. FAU - Groot, Shiloh AU - Groot S AD - University of Auckland, New Zealand. FAU - Gillon, Ashlea AU - Gillon A AD - University of Auckland, New Zealand. FAU - Greaves, Lara AU - Greaves L AD - Victoria University, New Zealand. FAU - Clark, Terryann C AU - Clark TC AD - University of Auckland, New Zealand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240518 PL - United States TA - Explore (NY) JT - Explore (New York, N.Y.) JID - 101233160 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Family/ethnology MH - *Maori People/psychology MH - New Zealand MH - *Psychological Well-Being OTO - NOTNLM OT - Indigenous OT - Maori OT - Relationality OT - Whanau OT - Youth, Wellbeing EDAT- 2024/05/29 00:49 MHDA- 2024/11/29 05:20 CRDT- 2024/05/28 21:56 PHST- 2024/02/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/05/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/11/29 05:20 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/29 00:49 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/28 21:56 [entrez] AID - S1550-8307(24)00087-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.explore.2024.05.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Explore (NY). 2024 Nov-Dec;20(6):103007. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2024.05.005. Epub 2024 May 18. PMID- 38801995 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240705 LR - 20240923 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 200 DP - 2024 Sep 1 TI - Relaxed minds for healthier food choice at school: A field experiment in southern Mexico. PG - 107529 LID - S0195-6663(24)00332-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107529 [doi] AB - Stress leads to unhealthy food choices since the school-age stage. Yet, there is limited evidence particularly in low- and middle-income countries regarding the impact of stress-reduction strategies on school-age children's food choices. Such aspects were crucial during the recent COVID-19 pandemic, which exacerbated psychological distress and unhealthier food choices among children. Two years after the pandemic began, we conducted a field experiment in southern Mexico to assess the impact of stress-reduction strategies on the food choices of over 1400 children aged 9-12. Half of the school-classes in the sample were randomly assigned to a stress reduction strategy namely meditation, which comprised six audios with basic relaxation techniques and intuitive messages to guide food choices. Additionally, all participants received information signalling that an amaranth snack was nutritious (i.e., the healthy snack), which was paired with a chocolate bar (i.e., the unhealthy snack) as part of a snack choice experiment. Students that practiced meditation were slightly more likely to choose the healthy snack than those in the control group, but the effect was not statistically significant. Upon collecting their snack, students had the chance to exchange their original choice for the other snack. Students that meditated were more likely to exchange their originally chosen "unhealthy snack" towards the healthy snack than students in the control group. The meditation program effectively reduced chronic stress among treated children. The effect was larger among students attending schools in lower-income areas. Our study sheds some light on the challenges to translate an improved psychological well-being into healthier food choices at school. CI - Copyright (c) 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Dominguez-Viera, Marcos E AU - Dominguez-Viera ME AD - Development Economics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708 PB, Wageningen, Netherlands. Electronic address: marcos.dominguezviera@wur.nl. FAU - de Vries Mecheva, Margarita AU - de Vries Mecheva M AD - The International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Kortenaerkade 12, 2518 AX, Den Haag, Netherlands. FAU - Nguyen, Trang AU - Nguyen T AD - Development Economics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708 PB, Wageningen, Netherlands. FAU - van den Berg, Marrit AU - van den Berg M AD - Development Economics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708 PB, Wageningen, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240525 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - Child MH - Mexico MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - *COVID-19/prevention & control/psychology MH - *Choice Behavior MH - *Meditation/psychology MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - *Schools MH - *Snacks/psychology MH - Stress, Psychological/psychology MH - Students/psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Dynamic inconsistency OT - Food choices OT - Meditation OT - School experiment COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/05/28 00:43 MHDA- 2024/07/06 10:42 CRDT- 2024/05/27 19:29 PHST- 2024/01/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/05/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/06 10:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/28 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/27 19:29 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(24)00332-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107529 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2024 Sep 1;200:107529. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107529. Epub 2024 May 25. PMID- 38763650 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240519 LR - 20260610 IS - 1873-7145 (Electronic) IS - 0963-9969 (Linking) VI - 187 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Changes in the choice motive and emotional perception of chocolates in response to stress. PG - 114378 LID - S0963-9969(24)00448-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114378 [doi] AB - Although chocolates are often chosen for sensory pleasure, they are also selected to enhance mood and relieve emotional stress, or potentially chosen for its perceived health benefits if stress adversely affects physical well-being. This study aimed to investigate whether emotional stress influenced the motivations behind chocolate selection, subsequent liking, and emotional response. Participants were divided into a control group (n = 76) and a group with induced acute stress (n = 74). Stimuli were presented as dark chocolate packaging, each evoking sensory appeal, health, and emotional stress relief. Participants chose one stimulus from three options that they were most inclined to consume and evaluated the overall liking and emotional attributes of the stimuli. They also rated the overall liking and emotional attributes of three types of chocolates, each identical but paired with distinct stimuli. Their food attitudes were also assessed. Stress did not change the choice of stimuli, indicating that stress did not influence the motivation for chocolate selection. Instead, the choice of stimuli aligned with participants' food attitudes; those favoring sensory appeal and emotional stress relief prioritized pleasure in their usual food choices. Stress tended to increase liking and chocolate-associated positive emotions with sensory appeal, as opposed to others, to immediately alleviate negative emotions. The most robust motivation to consume chocolates was sensory pleasure, irrespective of stress, because of a preestablished association between sensory pleasure and mood enhancement. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Bae, Jeong-Hyun AU - Bae JH AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Soo-Hyun AU - Lee SH AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Jae-Hee AU - Hong JH AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jhhong2017@snu.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240418 PL - Canada TA - Food Res Int JT - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) JID - 9210143 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Chocolate MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - *Motivation MH - *Emotions MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - *Choice Behavior MH - *Stress, Psychological/psychology MH - Pleasure MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chocolates OT - Emotional stress OT - Emotions OT - Food choice motives OT - Health OT - Sensory appeal COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/05/20 00:42 MHDA- 2024/05/20 00:43 CRDT- 2024/05/19 21:00 PHST- 2024/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/04/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/05/20 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/20 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/19 21:00 [entrez] AID - S0963-9969(24)00448-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114378 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Res Int. 2024 Jul;187:114378. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114378. Epub 2024 Apr 18. PMID- 38763644 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240519 LR - 20260609 IS - 1873-7145 (Electronic) IS - 0963-9969 (Linking) VI - 187 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Occurrence of heavy metals coupled with elevated levels of essential elements in chocolates: Health risk assessment. PG - 114360 LID - S0963-9969(24)00430-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114360 [doi] AB - The presence of contaminants in cacao-derived products, especially in chocolates, has raised concerns regarding food safety and human health. The study assessed the concentration variation of 16 elements in 155 chocolate samples from the US market by cacao content and country of geographic origin. The study further examined the potential health risks posed by toxic metals and determined the contribution of essential elements to the Daily Recommended Intake (DRI), estimated based on an ounce ( approximately 28.4 g) of daily chocolate consumption. Dark chocolates with >/=50 % cacao exhibited consecutively increasing mean levels from 1.2 to 391 microg/kg for U, Tl, Th, As, Pb, Se, Cd, and Co. Similarly, Ni, Sr, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Ca, and Mg had mean concentrations from 4.0 to 1890 mg/kg. Dark chocolates sourced from Central and South America exhibited the highest mean levels of Cd, and South America samples also contained elevated Pb, whereas those from West Africa and Asia had low Cd and Pb, respectively. Cacao contents showed increasingly strong association with Cd, Co, Mn, Sr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Mg (r = 0.60-0.84), and moderately with Se, Fe, As, and Tl (r = 0.35-0.49), indicating these elements are primarily derived from cacao beans. Weak association of cacao contents with Pb, Th, and U levels (r < 0.25), indicates post-harvest contaminations. Hazard Quotient (HQ) > 1 was found only for Cd in 4 dark chocolates, and Hazard Index (HI) > 1 for cumulative risk of Cd, Pb, Ni, As, and U was found in 33 dark chocolates, indicating potential non-carcinogenic risks for 15 kg children but none for 70 kg adults. Dark chocolate also substantially contributed to 47-95 % of the DRI of Cu for children and 50 % for adults. Dark chocolates also provided notable Fe, Mn, Mg, and Zn contributions to the DRI. These essential elements are recognized to reduce the bioavailability of toxic metals such as Cd, Pb, or Ni, thereby potentially lowering associated health risks. This study informs consumers, food industries, and regulatory agencies to target cacao origins or chocolate brands with lower toxic metal contents for food safety and minimizing adverse health effects. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Godebo, Tewodros Rango AU - Godebo TR AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. Electronic address: tgodebo@tulane.edu. FAU - Stoner, Hannah AU - Stoner H AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Kodsup, Pornpimol AU - Kodsup P AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Bases, Benjamin AU - Bases B AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Marzoni, Sophia AU - Marzoni S AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Weil, Jenna AU - Weil J AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Frey, Matt AU - Frey M AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Daley, Preston AU - Daley P AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Earnhart, Alexa AU - Earnhart A AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Ellias, Gabe AU - Ellias G AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Friedman, Talia AU - Friedman T AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Rajan, Satwik AU - Rajan S AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Murphy, Ned AU - Murphy N AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Miller, Sydney AU - Miller S AD - Department Environmental Studies, School of Liberal Arts, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240420 PL - Canada TA - Food Res Int JT - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) JID - 9210143 RN - 0 (Metals, Heavy) RN - 0 (Trace Elements) SB - IM MH - *Metals, Heavy/analysis MH - Risk Assessment MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - Humans MH - *Cacao/chemistry MH - *Food Contamination/analysis MH - United States MH - Trace Elements/analysis MH - Recommended Dietary Allowances OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chocolates and Cacao Content OT - Daily Recommended Intake OT - Essential Elements OT - Health Risks OT - Toxic Metals COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/05/20 00:42 MHDA- 2024/05/20 00:43 CRDT- 2024/05/19 21:00 PHST- 2023/12/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/04/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/05/20 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/05/20 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/05/19 21:00 [entrez] AID - S0963-9969(24)00430-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114360 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Res Int. 2024 Jul;187:114360. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114360. Epub 2024 Apr 20. PMID- 38682956 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240612 LR - 20260604 IS - 2150-7511 (Electronic) VI - 15 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jun 12 TI - Exploring the pediatric nasopharyngeal bacterial microbiota with culture-based MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and targeted metagenomic sequencing. PG - e0078424 LID - 10.1128/mbio.00784-24 [doi] LID - e00784-24 AB - The nasopharynx is an important reservoir of disease-associated and antimicrobial-resistant bacterial species. This proof-of-concept study assessed the utility of a combined culture, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and targeted metagenomic sequencing workflow for the study of the pediatric nasopharyngeal bacterial microbiota. Nasopharyngeal swabs and clinical metadata were collected from Cambodian children during a hospital outpatient visit and then biweekly for 12 weeks. Swabs were cultured on chocolate and blood-gentamicin agar, and all colony morphotypes were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Metagenomic sequencing was done on a scrape of all colonies from a chocolate agar culture and processed using the mSWEEP pipeline. One hundred one children were enrolled, yielding 620 swabs. MALDI-TOF MS identified 106 bacterial species/40 genera: 20 species accounted for 88.5% (2,190/2,474) of isolates. Colonization by Moraxella catarrhalis (92.1% of children on >/=1 swab), Haemophilus influenzae (87.1%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (83.2%) was particularly common. In S. pneumoniae-colonized children, a median of two serotypes [inter-quartile range (IQR) 1-2, range 1-4] was detected. For the 21 bacterial species included in the mSWEEP database and identifiable by MALDI-TOF, detection by culture + MALDI-TOF MS and culture + mSWEEP was highly concordant with a median species-level agreement of 96.9% (IQR 86.8%-98.8%). mSWEEP revealed highly dynamic lineage-level colonization patterns for S. pneumoniae which were quite different to those for S. aureus. A combined culture, MALDI-TOF MS, targeted metagenomic sequencing approach for the exploration of the young child nasopharyngeal microbiome was technically feasible, and each component yielded complementary data. IMPORTANCE: The human upper respiratory tract is an important source of disease-causing and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, understanding the interactions and stability of these bacterial populations is technically challenging. We used a combination of approaches to determine colonization patterns over a 3-month period in 101 Cambodian children. The combined approach was feasible to implement, and each component gave complementary data to enable a better understanding of the complex patterns of bacterial colonization. FAU - Pol, Sreymom AU - Pol S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8393-659X AD - Cambodia Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia. FAU - Kallonen, Teemu AU - Kallonen T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1741-6486 AD - Department of Biostatistics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom. FAU - Maklin, Tommi AU - Maklin T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0970-3514 AD - Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Sar, Poda AU - Sar P AD - Cambodia Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia. FAU - Hopkins, Jill AU - Hopkins J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1989-8618 AD - Cambodia Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Soeng, Sona AU - Soeng S AD - Cambodia Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia. FAU - Miliya, Thyl AU - Miliya T AD - Cambodia Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia. FAU - Ling, Clare L AU - Ling CL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5188-0349 AD - Cambodia Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Bentley, Stephen D AU - Bentley SD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8094-3751 AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom. FAU - Corander, Jukka AU - Corander J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7752-1942 AD - Department of Biostatistics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. AD - Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom. AD - Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Turner, Paul AU - Turner P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1013-7815 AD - Cambodia Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia. AD - Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - 742154/EC | European Research Council (ERC)/ GR - 299941/Norwegian Research Council/ GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 220211/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - 206194/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240429 PL - United States TA - mBio JT - mBio JID - 101519231 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods MH - *Nasopharynx/microbiology MH - *Microbiota/genetics MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification MH - Female MH - *Metagenomics/methods MH - Child MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Cambodia MH - Haemophilus influenzae/genetics/isolation & purification/classification PMC - PMC11237702 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cambodia OT - Haemophilus influenzae OT - MALDI-TOF OT - Staphylococcus aureus OT - Streptococcus pneumoniae OT - colonization OT - metagenomic sequencing OT - pediatrics COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/04/29 13:59 MHDA- 2024/06/12 12:43 PMCR- 2024/04/29 CRDT- 2024/04/29 09:13 PHST- 2024/06/12 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/29 13:59 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/29 09:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00784-24 [pii] AID - mbio.00784-24 [pii] AID - 10.1128/mbio.00784-24 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - mBio. 2024 Jun 12;15(6):e0078424. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00784-24. Epub 2024 Apr 29. PMID- 38652287 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240423 LR - 20250104 IS - 1757-9996 (Electronic) IS - 1602-1622 (Print) IS - 1602-1622 (Linking) VI - 22 DP - 2024 Apr 23 TI - Current Status and Family Factors Influencing Caries in the Deciduous Teeth of Children 3-6 Years of Age in Families Residing in Rural Heishanzui Township. PG - 145-150 LID - 10.3290/j.ohpd.b5245819 [doi] LID - b5245819 AB - PURPOSE: To determine the caries status in children's deciduous teeth and examine the influence of family oral health behaviours on the caries status. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 329 children aged 3-6 years in rural Heishanzui Township, Hebei Province, China, and used a completely random sampling method. These children underwent physical and oral health examinations. The questionnaires were given to the parents and caregivers of the examined children. RESULTS: The prevalence of caries in the deciduous dentition among children aged 3-6 years was 80.55%, with a dmft index of 4.93. Children in the caries group ate sweets, chocolates, and carbonated drinks more frequently than did children in the caries-free group (p < 0.05). Children in the caries-free group brushed their teeth more frequently, with parents helping their children brush, more often than did those in the caries-affected group (p < 0.05). The level of parental education and annual household income also had statistically significant effects on the prevalence of caries in the two groups (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the frequency of eating sweets was a risk factor for caries in deciduous teeth (odds ratio = 2.20; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of caries in deciduous teeth among children aged 3-6 years in rural Heishanzui Township was high. Compared to children in the caries-affected group, the families and children in the caries-free group had better oral hygiene behaviours. Moreover, the frequency of eating sweets was shown to be a risk factor for caries in deciduous teeth in children aged 3-6 years. FAU - Zhang, Liming AU - Zhang L FAU - Liu, Yaxuan AU - Liu Y FAU - Chu, Ruiming AU - Chu R FAU - Zhao, Yan AU - Zhao Y FAU - Liu, Bing AU - Liu B FAU - Fan, Chunguo AU - Fan C FAU - Song, Peng AU - Song P LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240423 PL - Germany TA - Oral Health Prev Dent JT - Oral health & preventive dentistry JID - 101167768 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - *Tooth, Deciduous MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - China/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Female MH - Child MH - Prevalence MH - *DMF Index MH - Toothbrushing/statistics & numerical data MH - Educational Status MH - Income MH - Rural Population MH - Health Behavior MH - Parents MH - Carbonated Beverages/statistics & numerical data MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC11619848 OTO - NOTNLM OT - caries OT - children OT - deciduous dentition OT - oral health behaviours OT - rural areas EDAT- 2024/04/23 16:23 MHDA- 2024/04/23 16:24 PMCR- 2024/04/23 CRDT- 2024/04/23 11:14 PHST- 2024/04/23 16:24 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/23 16:23 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/23 11:14 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 5245819 [pii] AID - 3290 [pii] AID - 10.3290/j.ohpd.b5245819 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Oral Health Prev Dent. 2024 Apr 23;22:145-150. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b5245819. PMID- 38605322 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240415 LR - 20260610 IS - 1479-5868 (Electronic) IS - 1479-5868 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Apr 11 TI - #junkfluenced: the marketing of unhealthy food and beverages by social media influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok. PG - 37 LID - 10.1186/s12966-024-01589-4 [doi] LID - 37 AB - BACKGROUND: Marketing of unhealthy foods to children on digital media significantly impacts their dietary preferences and contributes to diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Canadian children spend a significant amount of time on digital devices and are frequently exposed to unhealthy food marketing on social media, including by influencers with celebrity status who endorse products. This study aimed to examine the frequency, healthfulness, and power of unhealthy food marketing in posts by influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok. METHODS: The top 9 influencers popular amongst Canadian children aged 10-12 years were identified from the 2021 International Food Policy Study Youth Survey. A total of 2,232 Instagram, YouTube and TikTok posts made by these influencers between June 1st 2021 and May 31st 2022 were examined for instances of food marketing. Food products/brands were identified and frequencies were calculated for the number of posts promoting food products/brands, posts promoting products/brands classified as less healthy according to Health Canada's Nutrient Profile Model (2018) and marketing techniques utilized. RESULTS: YouTube had the highest average rate of food marketing instances per post, at a rate of 1 food marketing instance every 0.7 posts, while TikTok and Instagram had instances every 10.2 posts and 19.3 posts, respectively. Overall, fast food restaurants was the most promoted food category (21%), followed by regular soft drinks (13%), snacks (11%), candy and chocolate (11%) and water (8%). The most frequently used marketing techniques were appeals to fun/cool (37%), the use of songs or music (28%) and the product being consumed (25%). In terms of healthfulness, 83% of the products/brands (87% of brands and 82% of products) promoted were classified as less healthy. CONCLUSIONS: Social media influencers play a substantial role in promoting unhealthy food products to children, primarily fast food items. Given the significant impact of such marketing on children, there is a need for ongoing government-led monitoring, and it is crucial to include social media and influencer marketing in marketing restrictions targeting children in Canada to safeguard this vulnerable demographic. CI - (c) 2024. The Author(s). FAU - Potvin Kent, Monique AU - Potvin Kent M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. mpk@rogers.com. FAU - Bagnato, Mariangela AU - Bagnato M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Amson, Ashley AU - Amson A AD - Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Remedios, Lauren AU - Remedios L AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Pritchard, Meghan AU - Pritchard M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Sabir, Soulene AU - Sabir S AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Gillis, Grace AU - Gillis G AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Pauze, Elise AU - Pauze E AD - Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Vanderlee, Lana AU - Vanderlee L AD - School of Nutrition, Centre NUTRISS (Nutrition, Sante, Societe), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. FAU - White, Christine AU - White C AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. FAU - Hammond, David AU - Hammond D AD - School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240411 PL - England TA - Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act JT - The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity JID - 101217089 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - *Social Media MH - Internet MH - Canada MH - Food MH - Beverages MH - Marketing/methods MH - Fast Foods PMC - PMC11010392 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Digital media OT - Food environment OT - Social media influencers OT - Unhealthy food marketing COIS- DH has provided paid expert testimony on behalf of public health authorities in response to legal challenges from the food and beverage industry. EP has received an honorarium from the Stop Marketing to Kids Coalition (2018) and Heart and Stroke (2023) for policy or advocacy work related to food marketing to children. She is currently employed by Heart and Stroke. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests to disclose. EDAT- 2024/04/12 00:44 MHDA- 2024/04/15 06:42 PMCR- 2024/04/11 CRDT- 2024/04/11 23:36 PHST- 2023/12/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/04/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/15 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/12 00:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/11 23:36 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12966-024-01589-4 [pii] AID - 1589 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12966-024-01589-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2024 Apr 11;21(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s12966-024-01589-4. PMID- 38584649 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240409 LR - 20240409 IS - 1735-3688 (Electronic) IS - 0253-0716 (Print) IS - 0253-0716 (Linking) VI - 49 IP - 3 DP - 2024 Mar TI - Effect of Fish-Based Diet on Malnourished Children: A Systematic Review. PG - 137-146 LID - 10.30476/ijms.2023.96986.2863 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Malnutrition in children is mainly caused by the lack of protein and fat intake which harms their ability to grow and survive. Accurate data on the benefits of fish-based foods on the nutritional status of children is limited. The present systematic review aimed to provide an overview of published articles on the nutritional value of fish-based foods for children. METHODS: A systematic review was performed during 2000-2021 by searching Science Direct, Cochrane Library, PubMed, ProQuest, and Wiley Online Library databases. The full text of selected articles in English was screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included articles were all experimental studies (randomized control trial, quasi-randomized trial) or mixed methods studies involving malnourished children. The study was reported under the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool. RESULTS: A total of 330,859 articles were screened, out of which eight articles were included in the systematic review. Interventions included fish-based foods and beverages such as wafer bars, Jemawut-tuna cookies, Amizate in chocolate drink, dried fish powder, flaxseed oil supplemented with fish oil capsules, and porridge fortified with fish powder. Primary or secondary outcomes were the determination of zinc level, height growth, erythrocyte n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content, safety and acceptability, intestinal integrity, and cognitive development. The results showed that dried fish powder produced the most significant effect on body weight. CONCLUSION: The consumption of dried fish powder had positive effects on the recovery of malnourished children. CI - Copyright: (c) Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences. FAU - La Banudi, La Banudi AU - La Banudi B AD - Mother and Child Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Health Polytechnic of Kendari, Kendari, Indonesia. FAU - Leksono, Purnomo AU - Leksono P AD - Mother and Child Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Health Polytechnic of Kendari, Kendari, Indonesia. FAU - Anasiru, M Anas AU - Anasiru MA AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Health Polytechnic of Gorontalo, Kendari, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20240301 PL - Iran TA - Iran J Med Sci JT - Iranian journal of medical sciences JID - 8104374 RN - 0 (Powders) SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *Child Nutrition Disorders MH - *Diet MH - Dietary Supplements MH - *Malnutrition/diet therapy MH - Powders MH - Nutritive Value MH - *Fish Products PMC - PMC10997854 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Body weight OT - Child OT - Fish flour OT - Malnutrition COIS- None declared. EDAT- 2024/04/08 06:42 MHDA- 2024/04/09 06:45 PMCR- 2024/03/01 CRDT- 2024/04/08 04:16 PHST- 2022/11/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/09 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/08 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/08 04:16 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - IJMS-49-3 [pii] AID - 10.30476/ijms.2023.96986.2863 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Iran J Med Sci. 2024 Mar 1;49(3):137-146. doi: 10.30476/ijms.2023.96986.2863. eCollection 2024 Mar. PMID- 38566755 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240404 IS - 2314-5765 (Print) IS - 2314-5765 (Electronic) IS - 2314-5765 (Linking) VI - 2024 DP - 2024 TI - Microbiological Analysis and Content of Heavy Metals in Different Candies, Chocolates, and Their Wrappers in Bangladesh. PG - 4536475 LID - 10.1155/2024/4536475 [doi] LID - 4536475 AB - Present study investigates 39 brands of candies, chocolate, and litchis, purchased from Dhaka City, Bangladesh, for their moisture content, sulphated ash value, heavy metal, and bacterial contamination. All the brands showed moisture content (0.64%-4.775%) within the BSTI range, but sulphated ash values (18.80%-25.72%) were beyond the accepted value. Pb, Cd, Ni, and Cr ranged from 0.24-2.40 mug/g, 0.071-0.44 mug/g, 0.38-48.10 mug/g, and 0.50-12.79 mug/g, respectively, in the tested brands. Most of the brands contained Pb and Cd beyond the acceptable limits of WHO/FDA. Pb (2.24-2586.75 mug/g) was found in high concentration in the packaging of most brands, and Ni and Cd ranged from 2.10-108.05 mug/g and 1.68-45 mug/g, respectively. Bacterial presence was found in 15 brands, and 4 of them had a total aerobic bacterial count of >1 log CFU/g. Consumption of such contaminated confectionaries holds significant public health risks, specially in children, and demands necessary precautionary steps. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Kazi Milenur Rahman Prattay et al. FAU - Prattay, Kazi Milenur Rahman AU - Prattay KMR AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. AD - School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. FAU - Chowdhury, Md Tanvir Ahmed AU - Chowdhury MTA AD - Department of Soil, Water and Environment, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. FAU - Sarkar, Md Raihan AU - Sarkar MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4807-5071 AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. FAU - Rahman, Tanvir AU - Rahman T AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. FAU - Emon, Sharmin Zaman AU - Emon SZ AD - Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences (CARS), University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. FAU - Hossain, Abrar AU - Hossain A AD - Department of Disaster Science and Climate Resilience, Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. FAU - Rajib, Hredoy Ghosh AU - Rajib HG AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. FAU - Abdurrahim, Md AU - Abdurrahim M AD - Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute (BTRI), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240326 PL - United States TA - Int J Food Sci JT - International journal of food science JID - 101627297 PMC - PMC10987241 COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/04/03 06:44 MHDA- 2024/04/03 06:45 PMCR- 2024/03/26 CRDT- 2024/04/03 03:44 PHST- 2023/10/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/03 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/04/03 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/04/03 03:44 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2024/4536475 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Food Sci. 2024 Mar 26;2024:4536475. doi: 10.1155/2024/4536475. eCollection 2024. PMID- 38489923 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240525 LR - 20240525 IS - 1878-3252 (Electronic) IS - 0946-672X (Linking) VI - 84 DP - 2024 Jul TI - Trace elements in bean-to-bar chocolates from Brazil and Ecuador. PG - 127431 LID - S0946-672X(24)00051-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127431 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The high quality and unique flavor and aroma of bean-to-bar chocolates have resulted in an increase in the consumption of these products. Nevertheless, cocoa beans may present inorganic contaminants from environmental and anthropogenic sources which can contribute to contamination of the chocolates, despite the fewer processing steps and few ingredients used in bean-to-bar manufacturing process compared to the industrial one. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the content of trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Pb, Se) in bean-to-bar chocolates and traceable cocoa beans from Brazil and Ecuador. METHODS: Bean-to-bar chocolate samples were acquired in Brazil (n=65) and Ecuador (n=10), considering the main products available: white, milk, semisweet and dark chocolate. Cocoa samples from dedicated farms (n=23) were analyzed for trace elements and inorganic contaminants regulated by Brazil and European agencies. Samples were mineralized using acid digestion (nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide) in a closed microwave-assisted system. Quantification of trace elements was performed using Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP OES) in optimized conditions. The analytical control was performed with certified reference materials (ERM BD512 - Dark Chocolate, Tort-2 and Tort-3 - Lobster Hepatopancreas and SRM 1547 - Peach leaves) and recoveries ranged between 84% and 105% for all elements. RESULTS: The trace element levels in the bean-to-bar chocolates were (mg/kg): As (<0.022-0.023), Cd (<0.002-0.74), Cu (0.11-21.2), Co (<0.003-1.88), Hg (<0.010-<0.010), Pb (<0.007-0.22), and Se (<0.029-0.35). The exposure assessment from inorganic contaminants in chocolates revealed up to 93% of provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) for Cd and 123% of tolerable upper intake level (UL) for Co for children. Inorganic contaminants were also analyzed in cocoa beans from dedicated farms and Cd and Pb levels were found above the thresholds established by Brazil health agency. CONCLUSION: The results observed for both bean-to-bar chocolates and raw materials (cocoa beans from dedicated farms) indicated a need for monitoring these trace elements. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. FAU - Burgon, Vitor Hugo AU - Burgon VH AD - Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadao, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP 13070-178, Brazil. FAU - Silva, Manuela Luisa Nunes AU - Silva MLN AD - Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadao, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP 13070-178, Brazil. FAU - Milani, Raquel Fernanda AU - Milani RF AD - Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadao, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP 13070-178, Brazil. FAU - Morgano, Marcelo Antonio AU - Morgano MA AD - Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadao, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP 13070-178, Brazil. Electronic address: morgano@ital.sp.gov.br. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240313 PL - Germany TA - J Trace Elem Med Biol JT - Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) JID - 9508274 RN - 0 (Trace Elements) SB - IM MH - *Trace Elements/analysis MH - Brazil MH - Ecuador MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - *Cacao/chemistry OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artisanal chocolate OT - ICP-MS OT - Inorganic contaminants OT - Risk assessment COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/03/16 05:42 MHDA- 2024/05/26 18:11 CRDT- 2024/03/15 19:03 PHST- 2024/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/03/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/05/26 18:11 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/16 05:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/15 19:03 [entrez] AID - S0946-672X(24)00051-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127431 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2024 Jul;84:127431. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127431. Epub 2024 Mar 13. PMID- 38486879 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250228 IS - 2352-2895 (Print) IS - 2352-2895 (Electronic) IS - 2352-2895 (Linking) VI - 30 DP - 2024 May TI - Social isolation postweaning alters reward-related dopamine dynamics in a region-specific manner in adolescent male rats. PG - 100620 LID - 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100620 [doi] LID - 100620 AB - Early development is characterized by dynamic transitions in brain maturation, which may be impacted by environmental factors. Here, we sought to determine the effects of social isolation from postweaning and during adolescence on reward behavior and dopaminergic signaling in male rats. Subjects were socially isolated or group housed at postnatal day 21. Three weeks later, extracellular dopamine concentrations were examined in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens shell (NAc) during a feeding bout. Surprisingly, opposing effects were found in which increased mPFC dopamine concentrations were observed in group housed, but not isolated, rats. In stark contrast, increased dopamine levels were found in the NAc of isolated, but not group housed, rats. Moreover, the absence of an effect in the mPFC of the isolated rats could not be reversed by subsequent group housing, demonstrating the remarkable long-term effects on dopamine signaling dynamics. When provided a highly palatable food, the isolated subjects exhibited a dramatic increase in mPFC dopamine levels when the chocolate was novel, but no effects following chronic chocolate consumption. In contrast, the group housed subjects showed significantly increased dopamine levels only with chronic chocolate consumption. The dopamine changes were correlated with differences in behavioral measures. Importantly, the deficit in reward-related behavior during isolation could be reversed by microinjection of either dopamine or cocaine into the mPFC. Together, these data provide evidence that social isolation from postweaning and during adolescence alters reward-induced dopamine levels in a brain region-specific manner, which has important functional implications for reward-related behavior. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. FAU - Lallai, Valeria AU - Lallai V AD - Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. AD - Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy. FAU - Congiu, Cristina AU - Congiu C AD - Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. AD - Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy. FAU - Craig, Giulia AU - Craig G AD - Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. AD - Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy. FAU - Manca, Letizia AU - Manca L AD - Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. AD - Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy. FAU - Chen, Yen-Chu AU - Chen YC AD - Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. FAU - Dukes, Angeline J AU - Dukes AJ AD - Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. FAU - Fowler, Christie D AU - Fowler CD AD - Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. FAU - Dazzi, Laura AU - Dazzi L AD - Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy. LA - eng GR - R01 DA051831/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DA053826/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240302 PL - United States TA - Neurobiol Stress JT - Neurobiology of stress JID - 101643409 PMC - PMC10937317 COIS- None EDAT- 2024/03/15 06:43 MHDA- 2024/03/15 06:44 PMCR- 2024/03/02 CRDT- 2024/03/15 03:59 PHST- 2023/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/15 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/15 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/15 03:59 [entrez] PHST- 2024/03/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-2895(24)00016-X [pii] AID - 100620 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100620 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Neurobiol Stress. 2024 Mar 2;30:100620. doi: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100620. eCollection 2024 May. PMID- 38484862 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240415 LR - 20240415 IS - 1873-3476 (Electronic) IS - 0378-5173 (Linking) VI - 655 DP - 2024 Apr 25 TI - Food selection and effect of home preparation procedure for antibiotic food mixtures on homogeneity, stability, and dissolution. PG - 123993 LID - S0378-5173(24)00227-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123993 [doi] AB - Amoxicillin, doxycycline, and clindamycin are among the commonly used antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. However, dosage forms of antibiotics for pediatric patients may not be as readily available as the formulations for adult patients. As such, it is anticipated that during a public health emergency, special instruction may need to be provided on home preparation and administration procedures to dose pediatric patients using available stockpiles of oral tablet and capsule dosage forms. Mixing crushed tablets or capsule contents with soft- or liquid- foods is one of the most common home preparation procedures. To gain knowledge for safe and effective use of prepared drug product instead of the intended intact dosage form, the impact of manipulation of the dosage form was studied. Capsule opening, capsule content assay and uniformity, dissolution, homogeneity, and stability studies of drug mixed with various liquid and soft foods were carried out using intact capsules of amoxicillin, doxycycline, and clindamycin. Higher recovery of capsule contents was achieved when using hands or knives to open capsules compared to using scissors. The capsules of all three antibiotic products contained the labeled amount of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). The peanut butter-drug mixtures failed both United States Pharmacopeia (USP) assay and dissolution criteria because the peanut butter significantly affected the solubility of the drugs, and hence it was omitted from further study. All drug-food mixtures of the three antibiotic products and 15 selected foods exhibited fast dissolution (e.g., >80 % in 60 min) in the tested medium, except for the amoxicillin-chocolate pudding mixture. Three household containers (cups, plates, and bowls) and four mixing times (0.5 min, 1 min, 2 min, and 5 min) were found to be suitable for preparation of homogeneous mixtures of the antibiotics and foods. For practical purposes, 1 to 2 min mixing time is sufficient to produce homogeneous mixtures. The results of this study provided product quality data on the interactions between the antibiotics and the foods and can potentially support future development of home preparation instructions of antibiotics for pediatric patients or patients with swallowing difficulties. CI - Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Huang, Rong AU - Huang R AD - FDA, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Office of Testing and Research, USA. FAU - Zhu, Dongkai AU - Zhu D AD - FDA, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Office of Testing and Research, USA. FAU - Wang, Jiang AU - Wang J AD - FDA, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Office of Testing and Research, USA. FAU - Berko, Yvonne AU - Berko Y AD - FDA, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Office of Testing and Research, USA. FAU - Yu, Patricia A AU - Yu PA AD - CDC, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, USA. FAU - Parker, Corinne M AU - Parker CM AD - CDC, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, USA. FAU - Yu, Yon C AU - Yu YC AD - CDC, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, USA. FAU - Feng, Xin AU - Feng X AD - FDA, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Office of Testing and Research, USA. FAU - Xu, Xiaoming AU - Xu X AD - FDA, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Office of Testing and Research, USA. FAU - Ashraf, Muhammad AU - Ashraf M AD - FDA, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Office of Testing and Research, USA. Electronic address: Muhammad.Ashraf@fda.hhs.gov. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240313 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Pharm JT - International journal of pharmaceutics JID - 7804127 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) RN - 3U02EL437C (Clindamycin) RN - N12000U13O (Doxycycline) RN - 0 (Tablets) RN - 804826J2HU (Amoxicillin) RN - 0 (Capsules) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Anti-Bacterial Agents MH - *Food Preferences MH - Clindamycin MH - Doxycycline MH - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods MH - Tablets MH - Amoxicillin MH - Solubility MH - Capsules OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibiotics OT - Assay OT - Capsule OT - Dissolution OT - Dosage OT - HPLC OT - Home preparation instruction OT - Homogeneity OT - Liquid-and-solid foods OT - Pediatric patients OT - Public health emergency OT - Stability COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/03/15 00:43 MHDA- 2024/04/15 06:43 CRDT- 2024/03/14 20:25 PHST- 2023/12/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/03/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/15 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/03/15 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/03/14 20:25 [entrez] AID - S0378-5173(24)00227-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123993 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Pharm. 2024 Apr 25;655:123993. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123993. Epub 2024 Mar 13. PMID- 38390670 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240226 LR - 20240731 IS - 1744-1706 (Electronic) IS - 1744-1692 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Child labour in cocoa growing regions of Ghana and Cote d'Ivoire: an analysis of academic attainment in children engaged in hazardous labour. PG - 2320860 LID - 10.1080/17441692.2024.2320860 [doi] AB - This paper examines the relationship between child labour and educational attainment and explores the distinction between harmful and non-harmful agricultural cocoa work. We conduct a secondary analysis of data on 3,338 children who reported attending school in 2018 across cocoa growing regions of Ghana and Cote d'Ivoire. To address differences between harmful and non-harmful child labour, we differentiated work completed by a child by hazardous activity engagement. These groups of child labour were then modelled against educational attainment, defined by a whether or not the child needed to repeat a class. We then conducted mediation analysis to assess whether injury mediates this relationship. Our results show that hazardous child labour increases the odds of repeating a class and work-related injury compared to non-hazardous labour. The effect of hazardous child labour on academic attainment was also found to be mediated by work-related injuries by 14%. Educational attainment is associated with hazardous labour activities and the odds of injury and not the act of participation in agricultural labour alone. Programmes based on strong measures of harmful work will foster better protection for children who are most at risk and may inform global debates around the benefits versus the risks of child labour. FAU - Pirkle, Lucy AU - Pirkle L AD - Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Zimmerman, Cathy AU - Zimmerman C AD - Gender, Violence and Health Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. FAU - Sadhu, Santadarshan AU - Sadhu S AD - Vulnerable Populations Research Area, NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Kysia, Kareem AU - Kysia K AD - Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Ranganathan, Meghna AU - Ranganathan M AD - Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240223 PL - England TA - Glob Public Health JT - Global public health JID - 101256323 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Cote d'Ivoire/epidemiology MH - Ghana/epidemiology MH - *Child Labor MH - Educational Status MH - Organizations OTO - NOTNLM OT - Educational attainment OT - harmful child labour OT - hazardous child labour OT - non-harmful child labour OT - work-related injury EDAT- 2024/02/23 06:43 MHDA- 2024/02/26 06:45 CRDT- 2024/02/23 04:33 PHST- 2024/02/26 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/23 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/23 04:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/17441692.2024.2320860 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Glob Public Health. 2024 Jan;19(1):2320860. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2024.2320860. Epub 2024 Feb 23. PMID- 38285510 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240807 LR - 20260825 IS - 1532-0987 (Electronic) IS - 0891-3668 (Print) IS - 0891-3668 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 5 DP - 2024 May 1 TI - Nontyphoidal Salmonella Outbreaks Associated With Chocolate Consumption: A Systematic Review. PG - 420-424 LID - 10.1097/INF.0000000000004252 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: A large, cross-border outbreak of nontyphoidal salmonellosis connected to chocolate product consumption was recently reported. This occurrence motivated us to conduct a comprehensive review of existing literature concerning outbreaks of nontyphoidal salmonellosis associated with chocolate consumption. METHODS: We performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42022369023) in 3 databases: U.S. National Library of Medicine, Web of Science and Excerpta Medica. Google Scholar and the bibliography of each identified report were also screened. Eligible were articles published after 1970, describing outbreaks of more than 10 patients with a nontyphoidal salmonellosis associated with chocolate consumption. RESULTS: Twenty-three articles were included, which described 12 outbreaks involving a total of 3266 patients. All outbreaks occurred in high-income countries: 1 was limited to 1 city, 6 involved 1 country and the remaining 5 involved 2 or more countries. Six outbreaks peaked in winter, 3 in autumn, 2 in spring and 1 in summer. Children were mainly affected. No predominant serotype was identified. CONCLUSIONS: Our data documents that chocolate is an optimal medium for the transmission of nontyphoidal salmonellosis. A connected worldwide reporting system including high-income, middle-income and low-income countries is crucial to detect infectious diseases outbreaks in an early phase and avoid their spread. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. FAU - Pata, Zacharie AU - Pata Z AD - From the Family Medicine Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svizzera Italiana. FAU - Fare, Pietro B AU - Fare PB AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland. AD - Department of infectious diseases, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Lava, Sebastiano A G AU - Lava SAG AD - Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. AD - paragraph sign Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Milani, Gregorio P AU - Milani GP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3829-4254 AD - Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. AD - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. FAU - Bianchetti, Mario G AU - Bianchetti MG AD - From the Family Medicine Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svizzera Italiana. FAU - Janett, Simone AU - Janett S AD - Sleep Center, Neurocenter of the Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale. FAU - Hunjan, Isabella AU - Hunjan I AD - From the Family Medicine Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svizzera Italiana. FAU - Kottanattu, Lisa AU - Kottanattu L AD - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. AD - Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20240126 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Infect Dis J JT - The Pediatric infectious disease journal JID - 8701858 MH - Humans MH - *Chocolate MH - *Disease Outbreaks MH - *Salmonella Food Poisoning/epidemiology/microbiology MH - Salmonella/classification MH - Salmonella Infections/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Food Microbiology PMC - PMC11003406 COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2024/01/29 19:57 MHDA- 2024/04/22 06:45 PMCR- 2024/04/09 CRDT- 2024/01/29 12:13 PHST- 2024/04/22 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/29 19:57 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/29 12:13 [entrez] PHST- 2024/04/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 00006454-202405000-00004 [pii] AID - PIDJ-23-693 [pii] AID - 10.1097/INF.0000000000004252 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2024 May 1;43(5):420-424. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000004252. Epub 2024 Jan 26. PMID- 38269541 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240214 LR - 20260730 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan 25 TI - Food marketing on digital platforms: what do teens see? PG - e48 LID - 10.1017/S1368980024000235 [doi] LID - e48 AB - OBJECTIVE: Given the aggressive marketing of foods and beverages to teenagers on digital platforms, and the paucity of research documenting teen engagement with food marketing and its persuasive content, the objective of this study is to examine what teenagers see as teen-targeted food marketing on four popular digital platforms and to provide insight into the persuasive power of that marketing. DESIGN: This is an exploratory, participatory research study, in which teenagers used a special mobile app to capture all teen-targeted food and beverage marketing they saw on digital media for 7 d. For each ad, participants identified the brand, product and specific appeals that made it teen-targeted, as well as the platform on which it was found. SETTING: Online (digital media) with teenagers in Canada. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred and seventy-eight teenagers, aged 13-17 years, were participated. Most participants were girls (63 %) and older teenagers (58 % aged 16-17 years). RESULTS: Participants captured 1392 teen-targeted food advertisements from Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok and YouTube. The greatest number of food marketing examples came from Instagram (46 %) (with no difference across genders or age), while beverages (28.7 %), fast food (25.1 %) and candy/chocolate were the top categories advertised. When it comes to persuasive power, visual style was the top choice across all platforms and participants, with other top techniques (special offer, theme and humour), ranking differently, depending on age, gender and platform. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides insight into the nature of digital food marketing and its persuasive power for teenagers, highlighting considerations of selection and salience when it comes to examining food marketing and monitoring. FAU - Elliott, Charlene D AU - Elliott CD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2615-2144 AD - University of Calgary, Communication, Media and Film, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - Truman, Emily AU - Truman E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3377-9869 AD - University of Calgary, Communication, Media and Film, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20240125 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Internet MH - *Food Industry MH - Food MH - Marketing/methods MH - Advertising MH - Beverages MH - Fast Foods PMC - PMC10882529 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Digital media OT - Digital platforms OT - Food marketing OT - Marketing appeals OT - Persuasive power OT - Teenagers COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/01/25 06:44 MHDA- 2024/02/13 06:45 PMCR- 2024/01/25 CRDT- 2024/01/25 05:34 PHST- 2024/02/13 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/25 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/25 05:34 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1368980024000235 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1368980024000235 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2024 Jan 25;27(1):e48. doi: 10.1017/S1368980024000235. PMID- 38254331 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20241023 IS - 2148-6247 (Electronic) IS - 1304-530X (Print) IS - 1304-530X (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Jan 19 TI - Taste Masking of Steroids for Oral Formulations. PG - 352-360 LID - 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2023.24968 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Oral steroids are commonly prescribed to children. Steroids have a strong bitter taste that limits their oral acceptance in children. The objective of this study was to formulate a pediatric-friendly and palatable oral dosage form of steroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Solid dispersions of dexamethasone were prepared using polyethylene glycol, pectin, and Eudragit as carrier polymers, and chocolate as a flavoring agent. Taste masking efficiency was evaluated by healthy volunteers to select the best formula. The selected formula was pressed into chewable tablets with varying amounts of sweeteners. Chewable tablets were evaluated for palatability, hardness, and chewing index. The typical application of the taste masking approach was confirmed using prednisolone. RESULTS: Eudragit-based solid dispersions were effective in dexamethasone taste masking. Using 40% mannitol resulted in palatable tablets with acceptable hardness and chewing difficulty. The effectiveness of the taste masking approach was successfully used to prepare prednisolone chewable tablets. However, an increase in the carrier: drug ratio and a change in the flavor to pineapple were necessary to achieve maximum palatability of prednisolone chewable tablets. CONCLUSION: Eudragit solid dispersion is an effective method for the taste masking highly bitter steroids. The solid dispersion was successfully pressed into a palatable, easy-to-chew, and pediatric-friendly chewable tablet dosage form. The carrier: drug ratio and the choice of flavoring agent are crucial factors in improving tablet palatability. CI - (c)2023 The Author. Published by Galenos Publishing House on behalf of Turkish Pharmacists' Association. FAU - Ahmed, Kawther Khalid AU - Ahmed KK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8526-0447 AD - University of Baghdad, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Baghdad, Iraq. FAU - Kassab, Hanan Jalal AU - Kassab HJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9590-339X AD - University of Baghdad, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Baghdad, Iraq. FAU - Al Ramahi, Intesar Jawad AU - Al Ramahi IJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5811-1905 AD - Avi Sina Center for Pharmaceutical Research, Corporation of Research and Industry Development, Baghdad, Iraq. FAU - Alwan, Zahraa Salim AU - Alwan ZS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1633-422X AD - University of Baghdad, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Baghdad, Iraq. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Turkey TA - Turk J Pharm Sci JT - Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences JID - 101717890 PMC - PMC10803926 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Solid dispersion OT - dexamethasone OT - eudragit OT - steroids OT - taste masking COIS- Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. EDAT- 2024/01/23 06:44 MHDA- 2024/01/23 06:45 PMCR- 2023/12/01 CRDT- 2024/01/23 00:44 PHST- 2024/01/23 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/23 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/23 00:44 [entrez] PHST- 2023/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 57862 [pii] AID - 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2023.24968 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Turk J Pharm Sci. 2024 Jan 19;20(6):352-360. doi: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2023.24968. PMID- 38163773 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240103 LR - 20240106 IS - 2408-8757 (Electronic) IS - 1022-4742 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from Blood Culture of Pediatric Patients with Suspected Sepsis at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. PG - 49-61 AB - Sepsis is a serious, life-threatening condition, occurring when an infectious agent invades the body, resulting in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Neonates and children are among the most vulnerable population groups of developing sepsis because of their weak immune barrier. Despite major advances in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infections, invasive infections followed by sepsis remain one of the leading causes of childhood mortality. The aim of this study was to identify bacterial agents and antimicrobial resistance patterns of aerobic bacteria among children suspected of having sepsis. This cross-sectional descriptive type of observational study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh from March 2021 to February 2022. Blood samples were collected from pediatric patients, suspected of having sepsis referred from inpatient facility of department of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH). Blood samples were inoculated into BacT/ALERT PF Plus bottles followed by sub-culture of positive samples in blood agar, MacConkey agar and chocolate agar plates. Isolated bacteria were identified by routine biochemical tests. Antimicrobial resistance pattern of all isolated bacteria was seen by disk diffusion method. MIC of vancomycin by agar dilution method was determined for isolated S. aureus and Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS). The prevalence of pediatric sepsis was 31.82% with highest isolation rate 35.55% among neonates. The isolation rate of gram-positive bacteria was 62.50% where S. aureus was the most common isolate 32.15% followed by CoNS 30.36%. Out of 21 gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. was the most frequent isolate 7(33.33%), all of which were resistant to cefuroxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime along with all klebsiella and Acinetobacter isolates. Out of 18 S. aureus isolates, 94.44%, 88.89% and 66.67% were resistant to Azithromycin, Penicillin-G and Ciprofloxacin respectively. The MIC of Vancomycin by agar dilution method was observed <2mug/ml against all isolated S. aureus and CoNS. All the Gram-positive isolates were sensitive to Linezolid and Vancomycin. Early detection of bacteria followed by antimicrobial susceptibility test can help by selection of appropriate antibiotic and prevent spread of infection. FAU - Khan, M S AU - Khan MS AD - Dr Md Shahed Khan, Lecturer, Oral Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail: shaheed.khan1988@gmail.com. FAU - Mamun, A A AU - Mamun AA FAU - Khan, M S I AU - Khan MSI FAU - Sathi, F A AU - Sathi FA FAU - Paul, S K AU - Paul SK FAU - Nasrim, S A AU - Nasrim SA FAU - Haque, N AU - Haque N FAU - Arafa, P AU - Arafa P FAU - Nila, S S AU - Nila SS FAU - Roy, S AU - Roy S FAU - Nahar, A AU - Nahar A LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PL - Bangladesh TA - Mymensingh Med J JT - Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ JID - 9601799 RN - 6Q205EH1VU (Vancomycin) RN - 9002-18-0 (Agar) RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Vancomycin MH - Staphylococcus aureus MH - Blood Culture MH - Bangladesh/epidemiology MH - Tertiary Care Centers MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Agar MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - *Sepsis/diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology MH - Bacteria EDAT- 2024/01/02 11:43 MHDA- 2024/01/03 09:43 CRDT- 2024/01/01 22:52 PHST- 2024/01/03 09:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/02 11:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/01 22:52 [entrez] PST - ppublish SO - Mymensingh Med J. 2024 Jan;33(1):49-61. PMID- 38131245 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231225 LR - 20250627 IS - 1098-2302 (Electronic) IS - 0012-1630 (Linking) VI - 66 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Behavioral responses to natural rewards in developing male and female rats. PG - e22448 LID - 10.1002/dev.22448 [doi] AB - Reward deficits are a hallmark feature of multiple psychiatric disorders and often recapitulated in rodent models useful for the study of psychiatric disorders, including those employing early life stress. Moreover, rodent studies have shown sex differences during adulthood in response to natural and drug rewards under normative conditions and in stress-based rodent models. Yet, little is known about the development of reward-related responses under normative conditions, including how these may differ in rats of both sexes during early development. Comparing reward-related behavioral responses between developing male and female rats may be useful for understanding how these processes may be affected in rodent models relevant to psychiatric disorders. To this end, we tested behavioral responses to natural rewards in male and female rats using sucrose consumption, sweet palatable food intake and social play tests at two timepoints (peripuberty, adolescence). Our results suggest comparable responses to consummatory and social rewards in male and female rats during peripuberty and adolescence as no sex differences were found for sucrose preference, chocolate candy intake or a subset of play behaviors (dorsal contacts, pins). These findings suggest that sex differences in response to these natural rewards emerge and may be more robust during adulthood. CI - (c) 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Oak, Sasha AU - Oak S AD - Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA. FAU - Nguyen, Christine AU - Nguyen C AD - Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA. FAU - Rodney-Hernandez, Paolaenid AU - Rodney-Hernandez P AD - Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA. FAU - Rincon-Cortes, Millie AU - Rincon-Cortes M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2689-915X AD - Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Dev Psychobiol JT - Developmental psychobiology JID - 0164074 RN - 57-50-1 (Sucrose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Rats MH - Female MH - Male MH - Animals MH - Adult MH - *Reward MH - *Sucrose MH - Feeding Behavior OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescence OT - development OT - palatable food OT - play OT - reward OT - sex OT - sucrose EDAT- 2023/12/22 06:43 MHDA- 2023/12/25 06:43 CRDT- 2023/12/22 05:31 PHST- 2023/11/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/25 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/22 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/22 05:31 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/dev.22448 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Dev Psychobiol. 2024 Jan;66(1):e22448. doi: 10.1002/dev.22448. PMID- 38012885 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240219 LR - 20240306 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) VI - 131 IP - 6 DP - 2024 Mar 28 TI - Early introduction of ultra-processed foods is associated with overweight and anaemia in socially vulnerable Brazilian children. PG - 1095-1104 LID - 10.1017/S0007114523002684 [doi] AB - This study aimed to evaluate the early introduction of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and identify its association with overweight and anaemia in Brazilian children living in a situation of social vulnerability. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a Brazilian capital. Children aged 12-59 months were included. The presence of overweight and anaemia was evaluated, as well as the introduction of twelve different UPF in children's first year of life. Association analysis was performed using Poisson regression, with robust estimates of variances. A total of 561 children were studied; 85.5 % had consumed at least one UPF evaluated in the first year of life; 19.1 % were overweight and 52.0 % were anaemic. Adjusted multivariate analyses identified that the early introduction of soft drinks (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.18, 95 % CI (1.02, 1.38)), packaged snacks (PR = 1.17, 95 % CI (1.05, 1.30)) and powdered soft drinks (PR = 1.36, 95 % CI (1.16, 1.60)) increased the likelihood of children being overweight, and the early introduction of chocolate drink (PR = 1.25, 95 % CI (1.02, 1.53)) increased the likelihood of them being anaemic, when comparing children who consumed these UPF before reaching 1 year of age with those who consumed these foods at 12 months of age or older. From the results found, one can see the existing relationship between the early introduction of UPF with overweight and anaemia, being necessary to intensify public health policies to combat malnutrition, focusing on the promotion of proper and healthy eating, especially during the phase of food introduction, focusing on the population living in socially vulnerable situations. FAU - Gomes, Janayna Melo Ribeiro AU - Gomes JMR AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Nutricao, Faculdade de Nutricao, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceio, AL, Brasil. FAU - Silva-Neto, Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro AU - Silva-Neto LGR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1003-9836 AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Nutricao, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740 - Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP04023-062, Brasil. FAU - Dos Santos, Thays Lane Ferreira AU - Dos Santos TLF AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Nutricao, Faculdade de Nutricao, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceio, AL, Brasil. FAU - Bueno, Nassib Bezerra AU - Bueno NB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3286-0297 AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Nutricao, Faculdade de Nutricao, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceio, AL, Brasil. AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Nutricao, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740 - Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP04023-062, Brasil. FAU - Florencio, Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo AU - Florencio TMMT AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Nutricao, Faculdade de Nutricao, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceio, AL, Brasil. AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Nutricao, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740 - Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP04023-062, Brasil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231128 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *Overweight/epidemiology MH - Food, Processed MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - Fast Foods/adverse effects MH - *Anemia/epidemiology/etiology MH - Diet MH - Food Handling OTO - NOTNLM OT - Complementary feeding OT - Early childhood OT - Infant nutrition EDAT- 2023/11/28 06:42 MHDA- 2024/02/19 06:43 CRDT- 2023/11/28 00:20 PHST- 2024/02/19 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/28 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/28 00:20 [entrez] AID - S0007114523002684 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114523002684 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Nutr. 2024 Mar 28;131(6):1095-1104. doi: 10.1017/S0007114523002684. Epub 2023 Nov 28. PMID- 37989467 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231222 LR - 20231222 IS - 1879-0720 (Electronic) IS - 0928-0987 (Linking) VI - 192 DP - 2024 Jan 1 TI - In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Dark Chocolate as Age-appropriate Oral Matrix. PG - 106646 LID - S0928-0987(23)00276-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106646 [doi] AB - Swallowing difficulties encountered by geriatric patients who undergo polypharmacy represent a significant challenge that hampers patient compliance and therapeutic management. As an appealing and sensory-pleasing, chocolate-based formulations have emerged as a potential alternative oral dosage form suitable for both the elderly and paediatric populations. However, the extent to which the incorporation of drugs into a chocolate matrix affects their oral availability remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to explore the in vitro and in vivo performance of an ibuprofen-based chocolate dosage form. A matrix based on dark chocolate and the model drug was prepared at two distinct temperatures: 50 and 80 degrees C. In vitro release studies revealed that ibuprofen formulated through co-melting at 80 degrees C exhibited a statistically significant slower drug release (p < 0.05) compared to formulations prepared at 50 degrees C in both FaSSGF (fasted-state simulated gastric fluid) and lipolysis media. The enzymatic degradation of chocolate in the presence of lipase accelerated in vitro ibuprofen release from chocolate matrices. To delve deeper into the bioavailability of ibuprofen within the chocolate formulations, we conducted an in vivo assessment, comparing the pharmacokinetic profiles of ibuprofen in its conventional suspension form with our chocolate-based dosage forms. A notable drop (p < 0.05) in the maximum serum concentration of ibuprofen when incorporated into co-melted or solid-suspension chocolate matrices. However, no significant differences in plasma exposure were observed between the two formulations. These findings shed a light on the potential of chocolate to extend of ibuprofen when integrated into various chocolate matrices, showcasing the potential held by these innovative formulations. CI - Copyright (c) 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V. FAU - Al-Kabariti, Aya Y AU - Al-Kabariti AY AD - Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan. FAU - Arafat, Basel T AU - Arafat BT AD - Faculty of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK. FAU - Oriquat, Ghaleb Ali AU - Oriquat GA AD - Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan. FAU - Mozna, Petra AU - Mozna P AD - School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK. FAU - Jaidy, Hadeal AU - Jaidy H AD - School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK. FAU - Rehmani, Asma AU - Rehmani A AD - School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK. FAU - Patel, Kausar AU - Patel K AD - School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK. FAU - Al-Qinna, Nidal AU - Al-Qinna N AD - University of Petra Pharmaceutical Center (UPPC), Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan. Electronic address: nqinna@uop.edu.jo. FAU - Alhnan, Mohamed A AU - Alhnan MA AD - Centre for Pharmaceutical Medicine Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK. Electronic address: alhnan@kcl.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231119 PL - Netherlands TA - Eur J Pharm Sci JT - European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences JID - 9317982 RN - WK2XYI10QM (Ibuprofen) SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - *Ibuprofen MH - *Chocolate MH - Drug Liberation MH - Administration, Oral MH - Drug Compounding OTO - NOTNLM OT - Paediatric OT - Palatability OT - Taste-masking COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no competing financial interests or personal relationships that may influence this work. EDAT- 2023/11/22 00:42 MHDA- 2023/12/22 06:43 CRDT- 2023/11/21 20:50 PHST- 2023/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/11/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/12/22 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/22 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/21 20:50 [entrez] AID - S0928-0987(23)00276-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106646 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Pharm Sci. 2024 Jan 1;192:106646. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106646. Epub 2023 Nov 19. PMID- 40496793 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260924 IS - 2769-2450 (Electronic) IS - 2769-2450 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Investigation of a monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak linked to chocolate products as part of wider international outbreak: A matched case-control study, Ireland, 2022. PG - e116 LID - 10.1002/puh2.116 [doi] LID - e116 AB - BACKGROUND: In March 2022, an outbreak investigation was initiated in Ireland after identifying a cluster of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium cases, affecting primarily small children. Microbiological investigations revealed that the cluster was part of a wider international outbreak. METHODS: A total of 18 Irish outbreak cases were identified. We undertook a matched case-control study using the case-case method to determine if exposure to the implicated products was associated with illness. RESULTS: In univariable analysis, the highest odds of disease due to monophasic S. Typhimurium versus other gastrointestinal disease were obtained for a chocolate Product A of Brand A [matched odds ratio (mOR) = 7.77, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.89-67.20]. When grouping the implicated products in a composite variable, the odds of disease due to monophasic S. Typhimurium versus other gastrointestinal disease were 10.5 times higher with a consumption of at least one of the implicated products [mOR = 10.50, 95% CI: 1.24-88.60, p = 0.031]. CONCLUSION: This analytical study supported the internationally generated hypothesis which led to the implementation of control measures. Owing to the high levels of chocolate purchasing with Easter approaching, early outbreak identification and involvement in the internationally coordinated investigation was essential to an efficient response and to minimise the risk of further harm to a particularly vulnerable population group. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. Public Health Challenges published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Nielsen, Charlotte Salgaard AU - Nielsen CS AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-8984-3064 AD - Health Service Executive (HSE)-Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC) Dublin Ireland. AD - ECDC Fellowship Programme Field Epidemiology Path (EPIET) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) Stockholm Sweden. FAU - Garvey, Patricia AU - Garvey P AD - Health Service Executive (HSE)-Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC) Dublin Ireland. FAU - Cormican, Martin AU - Cormican M AD - National Salmonella Shigella & Listeria Reference Laboratory Galway Ireland. FAU - DeLappe, Niall AU - DeLappe N AD - National Salmonella Shigella & Listeria Reference Laboratory Galway Ireland. FAU - Lenahan, Mary AU - Lenahan M AD - Food Safety Authority of Ireland Dublin Ireland. FAU - Moore, Orla AU - Moore O AD - Food Safety Authority of Ireland Dublin Ireland. FAU - Casey, Kay AU - Casey K AD - Environmental Health Service Health Service Executive Dublin Ireland. FAU - Cotter, Suzanne AU - Cotter S AD - Health Service Executive (HSE)-Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC) Dublin Ireland. FAU - Gee, Sarah AU - Gee S AD - Health Service Executive (HSE)-Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC) Dublin Ireland. FAU - Aniugbo, Benjamin AU - Aniugbo B AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-Midlands Dublin Ireland. FAU - Meagher, Gerard AU - Meagher G AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-Midlands Dublin Ireland. FAU - Brabazon, Elaine AU - Brabazon E AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-North-East Dublin Ireland. FAU - Quintyne, Keith Ian AU - Quintyne KI AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-North-East Dublin Ireland. FAU - Breslin, Anthony AU - Breslin A AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-North-West Dublin Ireland. FAU - McBride, RoseMary AU - McBride R AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-North-West Dublin Ireland. FAU - Burke, Eimear AU - Burke E AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-South-East Dublin Ireland. FAU - White, Margaret AU - White M AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-South-East Dublin Ireland. FAU - Casey, Marie AU - Casey M AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-Mid-West Dublin Ireland. FAU - Evans, Leah AU - Evans L AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-Mid-West Dublin Ireland. FAU - Conlon, Catherine AU - Conlon C AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-South Dublin Ireland. FAU - Dillon, Annette AU - Dillon A AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-South Dublin Ireland. FAU - Kiernan, Regina AU - Kiernan R AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-West Dublin Ireland. FAU - Kilmartin, Donna AU - Kilmartin D AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-West Dublin Ireland. FAU - Lawlor, Cale AU - Lawlor C AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-East Dublin Ireland. FAU - McDermott, Ruth AU - McDermott R AD - Department of Public Health Health Service Executive-East Dublin Ireland. FAU - McKeown, Paul AU - McKeown P AD - Health Service Executive (HSE)-Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC) Dublin Ireland. CN - Outbreak Control Team LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231120 PL - United States TA - Public Health Chall JT - Public health challenges JID - 9918574282106676 PMC - PMC12039735 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Salmonella Typhimurium OT - chocolate OT - foodborne disease OT - outbreak COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2023/11/20 00:00 MHDA- 2023/11/20 00:01 PMCR- 2023/11/20 CRDT- 2025/06/11 05:26 PHST- 2023/05/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/20 00:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/20 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2025/06/11 05:26 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PUH2116 [pii] AID - 10.1002/puh2.116 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Public Health Chall. 2023 Nov 20;2(4):e116. doi: 10.1002/puh2.116. eCollection 2023 Dec. PMID- 37971012 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231120 LR - 20231120 IS - 1678-4561 (Electronic) IS - 1413-8123 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 11 DP - 2023 Nov TI - Consumption of ultra-processed foods and associated factors in six-year-old children. PG - 3301-3310 LID - S1413-81232023001103301 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1413-812320232811.16502022 [doi] AB - This article aims to estimate the prevalence and weekly frequency of ultra-processed food consumption in six-year-old children and associated factors in a municipality in southern Brazil. Cross-sectional study with 956 children. Data were collected through interviews with mothers in the households. The outcomes were the consumption of candies, chewing gum, lollipops and chocolates; stuffed cookies; artificial juices; and soft drinks using the Indice de Alimentacao Escolar (School Feeding Index). The independent variables were gender, type of school, education and maternal occupation, breastfeeding, duration of exclusive breastfeeding and the use of bottle. Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test and the multivariate analysis using Poisson regression. In the multivariate analysis, the weekly prevalence of stuffed cookies consumption was 14% higher in students from public schools and 8% higher in children of mothers with less than eight years of schooling. Artificial juice and soft drink consumption was 7% and 8% higher in public school students respectively and 6% higher in bottle-fed children. Most schoolchildren consumed the ultra-processed foods assessed once or twice a week. Consumption was associated with the independent variables assessed. FAU - Silva, Nathalia Tomazoni AU - Silva NT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3074-9050 AD - Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Palhoca, Santa Catarina, Brasil. FAU - Traebert, Jefferson AU - Traebert J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7389-985X AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude. Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Av. Pedra Branca 25, Cidade Universitaria Pedra Branca. 88132-270 Palhoca SC Brasil. elisazevedot@gmail.com. FAU - Pimentel, Bianca AU - Pimentel B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7927-4631 AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude. Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Av. Pedra Branca 25, Cidade Universitaria Pedra Branca. 88132-270 Palhoca SC Brasil. elisazevedot@gmail.com. FAU - Traebert, Eliane AU - Traebert E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9667-7216 AD - Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Palhoca, Santa Catarina, Brasil. AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude. Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Av. Pedra Branca 25, Cidade Universitaria Pedra Branca. 88132-270 Palhoca SC Brasil. elisazevedot@gmail.com. LA - por LA - eng PT - Journal Article TT - Consumo de alimentos ultra processados e fatores associados em criancas de seis anos de idade. DEP - 20230208 PL - Brazil TA - Cien Saude Colet JT - Ciencia & saude coletiva JID - 9713483 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Food, Processed MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Breast Feeding MH - Mothers MH - Brazil/epidemiology EDAT- 2023/11/17 15:26 MHDA- 2023/11/20 06:55 CRDT- 2023/11/16 08:34 PHST- 2022/07/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/20 06:55 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/17 15:26 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/16 08:34 [entrez] AID - S1413-81232023001103301 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1413-812320232811.16502022 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cien Saude Colet. 2023 Nov;28(11):3301-3310. doi: 10.1590/1413-812320232811.16502022. Epub 2023 Feb 8. PMID- 37962247 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231221 LR - 20250922 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 12 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Chocolate unicorns and smiling teddy biscuits: analysis of the use of child-directed marketing on the packages of Australian foods. PG - 3291-3302 LID - 10.1017/S136898002300215X [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The use of food packaging as a vehicle for marketing to children is under investigated. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and types of child-directed promotional techniques used on food packaging in Australia. DESIGN: Based on existing literature and regulations, we developed a framework to classify on-pack child-directed promotional techniques involving the use of characters and other elements that appeal to children. We analysed the packaging of all products in eight food categories available for sale from supermarkets in 2019 and recorded the use of child-directed promotions on pack. We assessed the number and proportion of products displaying child-directed promotional techniques overall and assessed the healthiness of products using child-directed promotions against four indicators of healthiness to provide summary data overall and for the manufacturers who most frequently employed child-targeted strategies. SETTING: Data were collected from the FoodSwitch database in Sydney, Australia. RESULTS: 901/8006 (11.3 %) products displayed one or more child-directed on-pack element. Most frequent was on foods for infants and young children (n 315), confectionery (n 283), snack foods (n 172) and dairy (n 168). Personified characters were the most commonly used element (n 512). Products using child-directed promotional techniques scored poorly on all four indicators of healthiness: mean health star rating 2.34 (out of 5); 81 % ultra-processed and 6.1 % and 4.5 % products eligible to market to children under Western Pacific and Mexican nutrient profiling schemes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Australian children are targeted by promotional techniques on the packaging of unhealthy food products. Stronger regulation of these techniques is warranted to protect children's health. FAU - Jones, Alexandra AU - Jones A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5039-144X AD - The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Shahid, Maria AU - Shahid M AD - The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Morelli, Georgia AU - Morelli G AD - The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Howes, Kylie AU - Howes K AD - The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Riesenberg, Devorah AU - Riesenberg D AD - Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. FAU - Sievert, Katherine AU - Sievert K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4617-8034 AD - Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. FAU - Pettigrew, Simone AU - Pettigrew S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3921-1174 AD - The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Sacks, Gary AU - Sacks G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9736-1539 AD - Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20231114 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Infant MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Australia MH - *Chocolate MH - Smiling MH - Marketing/methods MH - Food MH - Nutritive Value PMC - PMC10755390 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Child OT - Food packaging OT - Marketing OT - Nutritional quality COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/11/14 12:42 MHDA- 2023/12/21 06:42 PMCR- 2023/12/01 CRDT- 2023/11/14 08:03 PHST- 2023/12/21 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/14 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/14 08:03 [entrez] PHST- 2023/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S136898002300215X [pii] AID - 10.1017/S136898002300215X [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2023 Dec;26(12):3291-3302. doi: 10.1017/S136898002300215X. Epub 2023 Nov 14. PMID- 37881777 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231027 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2023 TI - Association of ultraprocessed foods consumption and cognitive function among children aged 4-7 years: a cross-sectional data analysis. PG - 1272126 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2023.1272126 [doi] LID - 1272126 AB - BACKGROUND: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has shown associations with cognitive function in preschool children, but effects of other ultraprocessed foods consumption are rarely discussed in China. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ultraprocessed food consumption and cognitive function among preschool children in China. METHODS: A total of 325 children aged 4-7 years were included from Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Face-to-face interviews with parents using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was conducted to investigate the status of seven ultraprocessed foods consumption (i.e., chocolate, biscuits, candy, fast-food, ice cream, SSBs, and sweet bakery products). The mandarin-language version of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI, Fourth Edition) was applied to assess the cognitive function of children. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between ultraprocessed food consumption and the full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) and different domains and risk of cognitive deficit, respectively. RESULTS: We found that frequent consumption of candy (beta = -3.34, 95% CI: -5.62 approximately -1.06; p = 0.004) and sweet bakery products (beta = -2.77, 95% CI: -5.58 approximately 0.04; p = 0.054) were significant associated with decreased FSIQ scores in the linear regression models. However, only frequent consumption of candy was statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive deficit (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.11 approximately 3.79; p = 0.023) in the logistic regression models. For the different domains, we found frequent consumption of candy (beta = -3.85, 95% CI: -6.28 approximately -1.43; p = 0.002) and sweet bakery products (beta = -3.48, 95% CI: -6.47 approximately -0.49; p = 0.023) was also significantly associated with lower Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI). When combining the seven ultraprocessed foods, we found children who frequently consumed more than two kinds of ultraprocessed foods had a significant decrease of VCI scores (beta = -2.66; 95% CI: -5.12 approximately -0.19; p = 0.035) too. CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that frequent consumption of individual (candy and sweet bakery products) and multiple ultraprocessed foods may decrease VCI scores and thereby impact cognitive function in children aged 4-7 years. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Liu, Mo, Lei, Lv, Li, Xu, Lu, Wei, Huang, Zeng and Qiu. FAU - Liu, Shun AU - Liu S AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Mo, Caimei AU - Mo C AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Lei, Lidi AU - Lei L AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Lv, Fangfang AU - Lv F AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Li, Jinxiu AU - Li J AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Xu, Xuemei AU - Xu X AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Lu, Peini AU - Lu P AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Wei, Gangjie AU - Wei G AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Huang, Xuanqian AU - Huang X AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Zeng, Xiaoyun AU - Zeng X AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. FAU - Qiu, Xiaoqiang AU - Qiu X AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231010 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC10597700 OTO - NOTNLM OT - candy OT - children OT - cognitive function OT - cross-sectional OT - ultraprocessed foods consumption COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/10/26 06:42 MHDA- 2023/10/26 06:43 PMCR- 2023/01/01 CRDT- 2023/10/26 04:18 PHST- 2023/08/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/26 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/26 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/26 04:18 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2023.1272126 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2023 Oct 10;10:1272126. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1272126. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37824199 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231031 LR - 20231106 IS - 1520-5851 (Electronic) IS - 0013-936X (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 42 DP - 2023 Oct 24 TI - Adverse Biophysical Impact of e-Cigarette Flavors on Pulmonary Surfactant. PG - 15882-15891 LID - 10.1021/acs.est.3c05896 [doi] AB - The attractiveness and abundance of flavors are primary factors eliciting youth to use e-cigarettes. Emerging studies in recent years revealed the adverse health impact of e-cigarette flavoring chemicals, including disruption of the biophysical function of pulmonary surfactants in the lung. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the biophysical impact of various flavoring chemicals is still lacking. We used constrained drop surfactometry as a new alternative method to study the biophysical impact of flavored e-cigarette aerosols on an animal-derived natural pulmonary surfactant. The dose of exposure to e-cigarette aerosols was quantified with a quartz crystal microbalance, and alterations to the ultrastructure of the surfactant film were visualized using atomic force microscopy. We have systematically studied eight representative flavoring chemicals (benzyl alcohol, menthol, maltol, ethyl maltol, vanillin, ethyl vanillin, ethyl acetate, and ethyl butyrate) and six popular recombinant flavors (coffee, vanilla, tobacco, cotton candy, menthol/mint, and chocolate). Our results suggested a flavor-dependent inhibitory effect of e-cigarette aerosols on the biophysical properties of the pulmonary surfactant. A qualitative phase diagram was proposed to predict the hazardous potential of various flavoring chemicals. These results provide novel implications in understanding the environmental, health, and safety impacts of e-cigarette aerosols and may contribute to better regulation of e-cigarette products. FAU - Goros, Ria A AU - Goros RA AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States. FAU - Xu, Xiaojie AU - Xu X AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States. FAU - Li, Guangle AU - Li G AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States. FAU - Zuo, Yi Y AU - Zuo YY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3992-3238 AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States. AD - Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96826, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20231012 PL - United States TA - Environ Sci Technol JT - Environmental science & technology JID - 0213155 RN - 0 (Pulmonary Surfactants) RN - 1490-04-6 (Menthol) RN - 0 (Flavoring Agents) RN - 0 (Aerosols) SB - IM MH - *Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems MH - *Pulmonary Surfactants MH - Menthol MH - Flavoring Agents/analysis MH - Aerosols OTO - NOTNLM OT - constrained drop surfactometry OT - electronic cigarette OT - flavor OT - menthol OT - pulmonary surfactant EDAT- 2023/10/12 18:42 MHDA- 2023/10/31 06:42 CRDT- 2023/10/12 12:02 PHST- 2023/10/31 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/12 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/12 12:02 [entrez] AID - 10.1021/acs.est.3c05896 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Oct 24;57(42):15882-15891. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05896. Epub 2023 Oct 12. PMID- 37820136 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231101 LR - 20231101 IS - 1984-0446 (Electronic) IS - 0034-7167 (Print) IS - 0034-7167 (Linking) VI - 76 IP - 4 DP - 2023 TI - Eating habits: what foods do children between 12 and 36 months consume? PG - e20220393 LID - S0034-71672023000800206 [pii] LID - 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0393 [doi] LID - e20220393 AB - OBJECTIVE: to identify toddlers' eating habits. METHOD: a cross-sectional study of quantitative analysis, with a sample of 808 toddlers who attended day care centers in the district of Viseu, Portugal, between November 2018 and September 2019. Data were collected using a questionnaire directed at parents. RESULTS: the prevalence of children who ate six meals a day was 42.8%, and 42.5%, those who ate five meals. It was found that 2.0% of children consumed chocolates, 1.0%, desserts, and 0.4%, carbonated beverages, daily. On average, dairy product (M=5.61; SD=2.62) and meat/fish/egg (M=4.80; SD=3.57) consumption was higher than recommended, while fat (M=0.48; SD=0.40), legume (M=0.49; SD=0.45), vegetable (M=1.18; SD=0.87) and water (M=0 .51; SD=0.29) consumption was lower. CONCLUSIONS: there was a higher or lower consumption than recommended for some foods, highlighting the need to implement nursing intervention programs aimed at promoting healthy eating habits in toddlers and families. FAU - Marinho, Catarina Saraiva AU - Marinho CS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3960-5758 AD - Universidade do Porto. Porto, Portugal. AD - Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu. Viseu, Portugal. FAU - Koch, Candida AU - Koch C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5518-8771 AD - Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto. Porto, Portugal. FAU - Santos, Margarida Reis AU - Santos MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7948-9317 AD - Universidade do Porto. Porto, Portugal. AD - Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto. Porto, Portugal. LA - eng LA - por PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231009 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Bras Enferm JT - Revista brasileira de enfermagem JID - 7910105 MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Energy Intake MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Vegetables MH - Portugal PMC - PMC10561921 EDAT- 2023/10/11 18:43 MHDA- 2023/11/01 12:44 PMCR- 2023/10/09 CRDT- 2023/10/11 15:34 PHST- 2022/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/01 12:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/11 18:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/11 15:34 [entrez] PHST- 2023/10/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0034-71672023000800206 [pii] AID - 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0393 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Bras Enferm. 2023 Oct 9;76(4):e20220393. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0393. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37801559 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20250617 LR - 20250617 IS - 2047-945X (Electronic) IS - 0260-1060 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 2 DP - 2025 Jun TI - Calcium food sources in primary school children with low calcium intakes in Kuala Lumpur. PG - 597-604 LID - 10.1177/02601060231204634 [doi] AB - Background: Adequate calcium intake at an early age is crucial to achieving peak bone mass. Nevertheless, low calcium intake is common in Malaysian children. Aim: This study examined the calcium food sources and factors associated with low calcium intake among 243 children aged 9-11 years in Kuala Lumpur. Methods: Diet histories and bone density were measured. Results: The mean calcium intake was 370 +/- 187 mg/day. The main contributors to calcium intake were beverages (19.2%), cereal (18.6%), milk and dairy (13.0%), meat and poultry (12.9%), and fish and seafood (10.1%). Within each food group, calcium-contributing foods tend to be from low bioavailability sources such as rice, cocoa-based and malted drinks, and chicken rather than milk. Children who practised regular meals, ate breakfast and snacks and consumed milk more than one serving daily have a higher calcium intake. Conclusion: In conclusion, public health strategies to improve the status of low calcium intake and poor choices of calcium-rich foods are needed to optimise bone health in this population. FAU - Cheow, Yi Qi AU - Cheow YQ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1263-410X AD - Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. RINGGOLD: 50103 FAU - Arasu, Kanimolli AU - Arasu K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3249-9857 AD - Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. RINGGOLD: 50103 FAU - Wong, Soon Yee AU - Wong SY AD - Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. RINGGOLD: 50103 FAU - Khaw, Kooi Yeong AU - Khaw KY AD - School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. RINGGOLD: 65210 FAU - Chong, Chun Wie AU - Chong CW AD - School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. RINGGOLD: 65210 FAU - Weaver, Connie M AU - Weaver CM AD - Distinguished Professor Emerita, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. RINGGOLD: 311308 FAU - Chee, Winnie Siew Swee AU - Chee WSS AD - Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. RINGGOLD: 50103 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231006 PL - England TA - Nutr Health JT - Nutrition and health JID - 8306569 RN - 0 (Calcium, Dietary) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Malaysia MH - Child MH - *Calcium, Dietary/administration & dosage MH - Female MH - Male MH - *Diet MH - Bone Density MH - Animals MH - Seafood MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Milk MH - Dairy Products MH - Meat MH - Beverages OTO - NOTNLM OT - Malaysia OT - calcium food OT - calcium intake OT - children OT - food sources COIS- Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. EDAT- 2023/10/06 18:41 MHDA- 2025/06/17 14:36 CRDT- 2023/10/06 14:13 PHST- 2025/06/17 14:36 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/06 18:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/06 14:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/02601060231204634 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Health. 2025 Jun;31(2):597-604. doi: 10.1177/02601060231204634. Epub 2023 Oct 6. PMID- 37752021 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240108 LR - 20240108 IS - 1440-1592 (Electronic) IS - 1323-8930 (Linking) VI - 73 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Insights from the COCOA birth cohort: The origins of childhood allergic diseases and future perspectives. PG - 3-12 LID - S1323-8930(23)00103-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.alit.2023.09.005 [doi] AB - The ongoing COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases (COCOA) study is a prospective birth cohort investigating the origin and natural courses of childhood allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhinitis and asthma, with long-term prognosis. Initiated under the premise that allergic diseases result from a complex interplay of immune development alterations, environmental exposures, and host susceptibility, the COCOA study explores these dynamic interactions during prenatal and postnatal periods, framed within the hygiene and microbial hypotheses alongside the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis. The scope of the COCOA study extends to genetic predispositions, indoor and outdoor environmental variables affecting mothers and their offsprings such as outdoor and indoor air pollution, psychological factors, diets, and the microbiomes of skin, gut, and airway. We have embarked on in-depth investigations of diverse risk factors and the pathophysiological underpinnings of allergic diseases. By employing multi-omics approaches-proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics-we gain deeper insights into the distinct pathophysiological processes across various endotypes of childhood allergic diseases, incorporating the exposome using extensive resources within the COCOA study. Integration with large-scale datasets, such as national health insurance records, enhances robustness and mitigates potential limitations inherent to birth cohort studies. As part of global networks focused on childhood allergic diseases, the COCOA study fosters collaborative research across multiple cohorts. The findings from the COCOA study are instrumental in informing precision medicine strategies for childhood allergic diseases, underpinning the establishment of disease trajectories. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Japanese Society of Allergology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Lee, Eun AU - Lee E AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyo-Bin AU - Kim HB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Yang, Song-I AU - Yang SI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea. FAU - Yoon, Jisun AU - Yoon J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, South Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Oh, Hea Young AU - Oh HY AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: sjhong@amc.seoul.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230924 PL - England TA - Allergol Int JT - Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology JID - 9616296 SB - IM MH - Pregnancy MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Asthma MH - *Dermatitis, Atopic MH - *Food Hypersensitivity/complications MH - *Rhinitis, Allergic OTO - NOTNLM OT - Allergic disease OT - Cohort OT - Endotype OT - Exposome OT - Omics EDAT- 2023/09/27 00:42 MHDA- 2024/01/08 06:42 CRDT- 2023/09/26 21:51 PHST- 2023/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/08 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/27 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/26 21:51 [entrez] AID - S1323-8930(23)00103-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.alit.2023.09.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Allergol Int. 2024 Jan;73(1):3-12. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.09.005. Epub 2023 Sep 24. PMID- 37746792 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240925 IS - 2045-7022 (Print) IS - 2045-7022 (Electronic) IS - 2045-7022 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 9 DP - 2023 Sep TI - Reactivity to allergenic food contaminants: A study on products on the market. PG - e12301 LID - 10.1002/clt2.12301 [doi] LID - e12301 AB - BACKGROUND: The frequency and severity of reactions in food-allergic consumers exposed to unintentional food allergen contamination during production is unknown. To warn allergic consumers, it has been suggested for pre-packaged foods to be precautionary labelled when the food allergen contamination may exceed the amount to which 1%-5% of the population could react (ED01-ED05). ED01 for hazelnut and milk have been estimated at 0.1 and 0.2 mg, respectively, by the Voluntary Incidental Trace Allergen Labelling (VITAL) initiative. The respective reference doses recommended by the FAO/WHO Codex consultation are 3 and 2 mg. We evaluated the reactivity to potential traces of milk and hazelnut allergens in allergen-free pre-packaged products by children affected by severe allergies to milk and hazelnuts. METHODS: Oral Food Challenges with commercially available hazelnut-free wafer biscuits and milk-free chocolate pralines were administered to patients with severe food allergies to hazelnut and cow's milk, respectively. Contamination levels of milk or hazelnut allergens were measured using chromatographic separation interfaced with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. RESULTS: No hazelnut allergic patient showed allergic reactions to exposure to biscuits, nor any milk allergic patient displayed allergic reactions to the dark chocolate praline. While no hazelnut trace was detected in biscuits, the praline was found to be contaminated by milk at concentrations ranging between 8 and 35 mg total protein/kg food. In our dose model, these amounts exceeded 1.5-10 times the VITAL ED01 and reached the threshold suggested by the FAO/WHO Codex consultation. CONCLUSIONS: Upon the consumption of food products available on the market, many patients with severe food allergies tolerate significantly higher doses of allergen than reference doses indicated in the VITAL system used for precautionary allergen labelling. These doses support the safety of the FAO/WHO recommended reference doses. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. Clinical and Translational Allergy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. FAU - Fiocchi, Alessandro AU - Fiocchi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2549-0523 AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Monaci, Linda AU - Monaci L AD - Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR-ISPA, Bari, Italy. FAU - De Angelis, Elisabetta AU - De Angelis E AD - Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR-ISPA, Bari, Italy. FAU - Calandrelli, Veronica AU - Calandrelli V AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Dahdah, Lamia AU - Dahdah L AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Valluzzi, Rocco AU - Valluzzi R AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Urbani, Sara AU - Urbani S AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Mazzuca, Carmen AU - Mazzuca C AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Arasi, Stefania AU - Arasi S AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cafarotti, Arianna AU - Cafarotti A AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Riccardi, Carla AU - Riccardi C AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Artesani, Maria Cristina AU - Artesani MC AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Putignani, Lorenza AU - Putignani L AD - Unit of Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. AD - Unit of Human Microbiome, Department of Diagnostics and Laboratory Medicine, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pecora, Valentina AU - Pecora V AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Marzano, Valeria AU - Marzano V AD - Unit of Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. FAU - Fierro, Vincenzo AU - Fierro V AD - Allergy Dpt, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. LA - eng GR - n.a./Soremartec Italia S.R.L., Alba, Italy/ GR - n.a./Allegria ONLUS, Milan, Italy/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Clin Transl Allergy JT - Clinical and translational allergy JID - 101576043 PMC - PMC10515704 OTO - NOTNLM OT - allergen toxicity OT - food allergy OT - hazelnut allergy OT - milk allergy OT - precautionary allergen labelling COIS- Alessandro Fiocchi: Danone SA, Aimmune, Hipp GmbH, Abbott SA, Novartis, Ferrero, Sanofi. Linda Monaci: Barilla. Veronica Calandrelli: none. Elisabetta De Angelis: none. Lamia Dahdah: none. Rocco Valluzzi: none. Sara Urbani: none. Carmen Mazzuca: none. Stefania Arasi: Novartis, DBV, Aimmune. Arianna Cafarotti: none. Carla Riccardi: none. Maria Cristina Artesani: none. Lorenza Putignani: none. Valentina Pecora: none. Valeria Marzano: none. Vincenzo Fierro: none. EDAT- 2023/09/25 06:43 MHDA- 2023/09/25 06:44 PMCR- 2023/09/22 CRDT- 2023/09/25 05:33 PHST- 2023/07/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/25 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/25 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/25 05:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CLT212301 [pii] AID - 10.1002/clt2.12301 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Transl Allergy. 2023 Sep;13(9):e12301. doi: 10.1002/clt2.12301. PMID- 37746087 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230926 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2023 TI - Liver stiffness in Fontan patients: the effect of respiration and food intake. PG - 1192017 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2023.1192017 [doi] LID - 1192017 AB - OBJECTIVES: For several years, patients with single ventricle hearts have been palliated according to the Fontan principle. One well known long-term consequence in these patients is the Fontan-associated liver disease and fibrosis, which occurs due to the chronically increased Central Venous Pressure (CVP) after Fontan palliation. It carries an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma over time. Liver elastography (LE) is a non-invasive, safe, and feasible ultrasound method to determine liver stiffness and the stage of liver fibrosis. Usually, this examination must be performed in a sober condition and strict inspiratory hold to optimize the results and may therefore be difficult to perform on children as a routine examination. However, the influence of food intake and respiration on these results in Fontan patients is unclear. To optimize the implementation for this examination especially in children, the effects of food intake and breathing maneuvers on liver stiffness in patients with Fontan circulation were investigated. METHODS: For this prospective study, 25 Fontan patients (group 1) and 50 healthy volunteers (group 2) were examined. The two groups were additionally divided into two age categories (group 1a: 10-19 years; group 1b: 20-29 years; group 2a: 15-19 years; group 2b: 20-25 years). Liver stiffness was measured by liver elastography once before food intake (=T0, with 6 h of fasting). Subsequently the participants consumed a standardized chocolate drink (500 mL) with nutritional distribution corresponding to a standardized meal (600 kcal). Liver stiffness was then determined 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min after ingestion. Each measurement of liver stiffness was performed during maximal inspiratory and expiratory holds. The study was reviewed and approved by the responsible ethics committee. RESULTS: In group 2 there was a significant increase in liver stiffness after food intake at T15, T30, and T45 during inspiration measurements (T0 = 4.0 kPa vs. T15 = 4.9 kPa, difference = 22.5%; T0 = 4.0 kPa vs. T30 = 4.9 kPa difference = 22.5%; T0 = 4.0 kPa vs. T45 = 4.3 kPa difference = 7.5%), as well as during expiration at T15 and T30 (T0 = 4.5 kPa vs. T15 = 5.1 kPa, difference = 14.7%; T0 = 4.5 kPa vs. T30 = 4.9 kPa difference = 7.8%). Whereas in Fontan patients (group 1) liver stiffness did not differ significantly at any time between fasting (T0) and postprandial values. The respiratory maneuvers in the healthy subjects (group 2) differed significantly only before food intake (T0) (group 2: insp = 3.97 kPa vs. exp. = 4.48 kPa difference = 11.3%). In the Fontan group (group 1), there was no significant difference between the respiratory phases at any point. The different age categories showed no significant difference in liver stiffness. CONCLUSION: With these results we could demonstrate for the first time that in Fontan patients the time of food intake (i.e., fasting) has no clinical significance for the values obtained in liver elastography. We could also demonstrate that the breathing maneuvers during the examination had only minimal clinical impact on the results of liver elastography in patients with normal circulation and no effect in patients with Fontan-circulation. Consequently, liver elastography for Fontan patients is reliable independently of food intake and breathing maneuvers and can also be performed on younger patients, who are unable to follow breathing commands or longer fasting periods, without any impairment of the results. These results should encourage a routine use of LE in the follow-up of Fontan patients. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Braun, Muhlberg, Fischer, Haas and Meyer. FAU - Braun, Annabell AU - Braun A AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig Maximillian's University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Muhlberg, Richard AU - Muhlberg R AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig Maximillian's University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Fischer, Marcus AU - Fischer M AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig Maximillian's University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Haas, Nikolaus A AU - Haas NA AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig Maximillian's University Munich, Munich, Germany. FAU - Meyer, Zora AU - Meyer Z AD - Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig Maximillian's University Munich, Munich, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230907 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC10512863 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FibroScan OT - Fontan OT - elastography OT - food OT - ingestion OT - liver OT - liver stiffness OT - respiration COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/09/25 06:41 MHDA- 2023/09/25 06:42 PMCR- 2023/09/07 CRDT- 2023/09/25 05:12 PHST- 2023/03/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/25 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/25 06:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/25 05:12 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2023.1192017 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 7;10:1192017. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1192017. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37731417 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230922 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 8 DP - 2023 Aug TI - Knowledge and Awareness About Food Allergy Among Mothers With Allergic Children in the Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia. PG - e43801 LID - 10.7759/cureus.43801 [doi] LID - e43801 AB - Introduction Food allergies have become a significant health concern worldwide, affecting individuals of all age groups. It is particularly challenging for parents who have children diagnosed with food allergies, as they bear the responsibility of managing their child's condition and ensuring their safety. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness about food allergies among mothers with allergic children in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional study design was employed, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 400 mothers. The participants were selected through convenience sampling. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages, were used to summarize the demographic characteristics, knowledge and awareness levels, prevalence of allergenic foods, manifestations of food allergies, and factors influencing food allergies. Chi-squared tests were conducted to assess associations between variables. Results The study revealed a balanced representation across different age groups among the surveyed mothers, with the highest proportion falling in the 31-40 years range. A significant proportion of mothers had a university education, indicating a relatively higher level of education among the participants. The majority of mothers were employed in governmental positions, followed by housewives and those working in the private sector. Regarding knowledge and awareness, a substantial percentage of mothers correctly identified key aspects of food allergies. However, knowledge gaps were observed, particularly in understanding the hereditary nature. The prevalence of allergenic foods varied, with seafood (fish, shrimp, and tuna) emerging as the most commonly reported allergenic foods, followed by eggs, milk, wheat, chocolate, fruits, nuts, and other food types. Manifestations associated with food allergies were reported, including skin, respiratory, eye, nasal, gastrointestinal, and other symptoms. The associations between different feeding methods and the occurrence of medically diagnosed food allergies were found to be non-significant. However, having other children with food allergies showed a highly significant association with the occurrence of food allergies in the current child. The age of introducing solid food did not demonstrate a significant association with the occurrence of food allergies. Conclusion This study provides insights into the knowledge and awareness about food allergies among mothers with allergic children in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. While mothers demonstrated a reasonable understanding of food allergies, knowledge gaps were identified, particularly regarding the hereditary nature. The prevalence of allergenic foods aligns with previous studies, although variations across populations should be considered. The manifestations reported by the participants corroborate known allergic reactions, necessitating further analysis. CI - Copyright (c) 2023, Fardan et al. FAU - Fardan, Zeinh H AU - Fardan ZH AD - Pediatrics, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU. FAU - Aoun Alshahrani, Mohammed Abdullah AU - Aoun Alshahrani MA AD - Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU. FAU - Alalyani, Reem T AU - Alalyani RT AD - Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU. FAU - Alshahrani, Arwa E AU - Alshahrani AE AD - Pediatrics, Abha Maternity and Children Hospital, Abha, SAU. FAU - Alshehri, Renad M AU - Alshehri RM AD - Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU. FAU - Alshamrani, Nawaf Saleh M AU - Alshamrani NSM AD - Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU. FAU - Aldabali, Fatimah Obaid M AU - Aldabali FOM AD - Medicine and Surgery, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Qunfudhah, SAU. FAU - Alqahtani, Norah Saaed A AU - Alqahtani NSA AD - Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU. FAU - Altalhiyyah, Khalid Siraj S AU - Altalhiyyah KSS AD - Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU. FAU - Alqahtani, Mahdi Muhammad M AU - Alqahtani MMM AD - Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230820 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC10508645 OTO - NOTNLM OT - allergic children OT - allergies OT - awareness OT - food allergies OT - knowledge OT - mothers COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2023/09/21 06:43 MHDA- 2023/09/21 06:44 PMCR- 2023/08/20 CRDT- 2023/09/21 03:53 PHST- 2023/08/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/21 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/21 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/21 03:53 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.43801 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2023 Aug 20;15(8):e43801. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43801. eCollection 2023 Aug. PMID- 37709841 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230918 LR - 20231121 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Sep 14 TI - Interaction between genetic susceptibility to obesity and food intake on BMI in Finnish school-aged children. PG - 15265 LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-42430-5 [doi] LID - 15265 AB - Diet modulates the genetic risk of obesity, but the modulation has been rarely studied using genetic risk scores (GRSs) in children. Our objectives were to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that drive the interaction of specific foods with obesity and combine these into GRSs. Genetic and food frequency data from Finnish Health in Teens study was utilized. In total, 1142 11-year-old subjects were genotyped on the Metabochip array. BMI-GRS with 30 well-known SNPs was computed and the interaction of individual SNPs with food items and their summary dietary scores were examined in relation to age- and sex-specific BMI z-score (BMIz). The whole BMI-GRS interacted with several foods on BMIz. We identified 7-11 SNPs responsible for each interaction and these were combined into food-specific GRS. The most predominant interaction was witnessed for pizza (p < 0.001): the effect on BMIz was b - 0.130 (95% CI - 0.23; - 0.031) in those with low-risk, and 0.153 (95% CI 0.072; 0.234) in high-risk. Corresponding, but weaker interactions were verified for sweets and chocolate, sugary juice drink, and hamburger and hotdog. In total 5 SNPs close to genes NEGR1, SEC16B, TMEM18, GNPDA2, and FTO were shared between these interactions. Our results suggested that children genetically prone to obesity showed a stronger association of unhealthy foods with BMIz than those with lower genetic susceptibility. Shared SNPs of the interactions suggest common differences in metabolic gene-diet interactions, which warrants further investigation. CI - (c) 2023. Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Viljakainen, Heli AU - Viljakainen H AD - Folkhalsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, 00250, Helsinki, Finland. heli.viljakainen@helsinki.fi. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. heli.viljakainen@helsinki.fi. FAU - Sorli, Jose V AU - Sorli JV AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. AD - CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Dahlstrom, Emma AU - Dahlstrom E AD - Folkhalsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, 00250, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Agrawal, Nitin AU - Agrawal N AD - Folkhalsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, 00250, Helsinki, Finland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Portoles, Olga AU - Portoles O AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. AD - CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Corella, Dolores AU - Corella D AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. AD - CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230914 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - EC 1.14.11.33 (FTO protein, human) RN - EC 1.14.11.33 (Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO) SB - IM MH - Female MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Body Mass Index MH - Finland/epidemiology MH - *Obesity/epidemiology/genetics MH - Eating MH - Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO/genetics PMC - PMC10502078 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/09/15 00:42 MHDA- 2023/09/18 12:42 PMCR- 2023/09/14 CRDT- 2023/09/14 23:24 PHST- 2023/03/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/18 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/15 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/14 23:24 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-42430-5 [pii] AID - 42430 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-42430-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 14;13(1):15265. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-42430-5. PMID- 37686832 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230911 LR - 20230912 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 17 DP - 2023 Aug 30 TI - Monitoring Food Marketing Directed to Portuguese Children Broadcasted on Television. LID - 10.3390/nu15173800 [doi] LID - 3800 AB - Children are massively exposed to food marketing through television and other forms of media. Marketing strategies promote unhealthy eating behaviours and contribute to childhood obesity. The main aim of this study was to assess the potential exposure and power of food advertisements aimed at children, broadcasted on Portuguese television. Television data was recorded for two weekdays and two weekend days between 6 am and 10 pm during November 2021 from four free-access Portuguese television channels. Data was analysed according to the World Health Organization television protocol and Portuguese Legislation. We identified 5272 advertisements, of which 11.2% were for food and beverages (n = 590). Most advertised food categories for children and adolescents were chocolate and bakery products (42.0%), soft drinks (26.7%), and yoghurt (16.0%), and none met the nutritional profile outlined by the national legislation. Unhealthier food advertisements targeting youth were shown in children's non-peak time and morning during news and entertainment programmes. Product uniqueness, humour, and fun were the most frequent primary persuasive techniques. Most advertisements showed a high use of brand logos, product images, and premium offers. In conclusion, Portuguese children and adolescents are potentially exposed to large numbers of unhealthy food advertisements on television, despite marketing regulation and restriction policies. FAU - Figueira, Marta AU - Figueira M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8816-7256 AD - EPIUnit-Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal. AD - Faculdade de Ciencias da Nutricao e Alimentacao, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Araujo, Joana AU - Araujo J AD - EPIUnit-Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal. AD - Laboratorio para a Investigacao Integrativa e Translacional em Saude Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal. AD - Departamento de Ciencias da Saude Publica e Forenses, e Educacao Medica-Unidade de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Gregorio, Maria Joao AU - Gregorio MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0380-7833 AD - Faculdade de Ciencias da Nutricao e Alimentacao, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal. AD - Direcao-Geral da Saude, 1049-005 Lisboa, Portugal. LA - eng GR - Best ReMaP Joint Action - Grant Agreement number 951202/Best ReMaP Joint Action/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230830 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - Portugal MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology/etiology/prevention & control MH - Food MH - Marketing MH - Television PMC - PMC10490328 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - children OT - food advertising OT - food marketing OT - television COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/09/09 11:45 MHDA- 2023/09/11 06:42 PMCR- 2023/08/30 CRDT- 2023/09/09 01:16 PHST- 2023/07/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/11 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/09 11:45 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/09 01:16 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu15173800 [pii] AID - nutrients-15-03800 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu15173800 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2023 Aug 30;15(17):3800. doi: 10.3390/nu15173800. PMID- 37678587 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20260310 LR - 20260514 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 190 DP - 2023 Nov 1 TI - Effect of nutrient, processing and hedonic claims on food-related perceptions: An experimental online study in Brazil and Germany. PG - 107033 LID - S0195-6663(23)02495-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107033 [doi] AB - Prior studies on perceived healthiness of foods have often compared nutrient and hedonic claims, neglecting comparisons to a control condition. The effect of food claims focusing on the food processing level has received considerably less research attention, although food processing has been included in dietary guidelines in Brazil. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the effect of a control and processing claim, additionally to the effects of a nutrient. and hedonic claim, on perceptions related to a food item typically considered "less healthy" (chocolate cake). We further compared these effects between Brazil and Germany, a country where food processing is currently not included in dietary guidelines. A total of 634 lay adults were recruited in a cross-sectional online study and randomised to see the photo of a piece of cake with one of the four different claim conditions and to report their health-related perceptions of the cake. The main analyses included two-way ANCOVAs (4 claims x 2 countries) for each dependent variable controlled for gender, age and level of hunger; followed by post hoc tests. Overall, results revealed that in both countries, the claims highlighting nutrients or processing aspects rendered the perceptions of the cake healthier compared to the control claim. These effects were more pronounced among Brazilian than among German participants. Food-related perceptions mostly did not differ between the hedonic and control claim and did not differ at all between the nutrient and processing claims. In conclusion, it is noteworthy that, even for an inherently considered "less healthy food item" (chocolate cake) nutrient and processing claims increase healthiness perceptions. While our findings may imply that in both countries lay people are highly susceptible to nutrient claims, food processing aspects seem to be similarly relevant. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Moraes, Jessica Maria Muniz AU - Moraes JMM AD - Postgraduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: jessicamoraes@alumni.usp.br. FAU - Moraes, Cesar Henrique de Carvalho AU - Moraes CHC AD - Postgraduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Alvarenga, Marle Dos Santos AU - Alvarenga MDS AD - Postgraduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Sproesser, Gudrun AU - Sproesser G AD - Institute of Psychology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria; Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230908 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Germany MH - Brazil MH - Male MH - Female MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Middle Aged MH - Young Adult MH - *Food Labeling MH - *Food Preferences/psychology MH - *Nutritive Value MH - *Food Handling MH - *Diet, Healthy/psychology MH - Chocolate MH - Perception MH - Adolescent OTO - NOTNLM OT - Calorie estimation OT - Cross-country study OT - Experimental design OT - Food claims OT - Food healthiness OT - Food processing COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/09/08 00:41 MHDA- 2026/03/10 18:35 CRDT- 2023/09/07 19:27 PHST- 2023/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2026/03/10 18:35 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/08 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/07 19:27 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(23)02495-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107033 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2023 Nov 1;190:107033. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107033. Epub 2023 Sep 8. PMID- 37585299 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20230816 IS - 1840-2445 (Electronic) IS - 1840-0132 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Aug 1 TI - Frequency of sweet and salty snack consumption among children in relation to their mothers' education level. LID - 10.17392/1618-23 [doi] AB - Aim To investigate the frequency of consumption of sweet and salty snacks among children aged 2-18 years in relation to their mothers' education level. Methods A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted in five dental practices at the School of Medicine of the University of Mostar from May to October 2022. The data were collected from medical records. Results: Out of a total of 477 children, 172 (36.1%) had mothers with a high school education, while 305 (63.9%) had mothers with a university degree. In the group of preschool children (aged 2-6 years), there were 42 mothers with high school education and 105 with university degree. In the group of school children (age 7-18 years) there were 130 mothers with high school education and 200 with university degree. The difference in the consumption of sweetened beverages among children of mothers with high school and university was not statistically significant. Similar results were found for the consumption of salty snacks, lollipops, caramels and candies. The frequency of the consumption of biscuits, chocolate and cakes (several times a day) was statistically significantly higher among the children of mothers with high school education (p=0.04), especially among school children. Eating habits of children, regardless of the level of education of their mothers, differed significantly only in the consumption of lollipops, caramels, and candies (p=0.03), which were consumed once a day by 79 (63.7%) schoolchildren and 45 (36.3%) of pre-schoolers. Conclusion A higher level of education among mothers does not necessarily equate to proper nutritional knowledge. CI - Copyright(c) by the Medical Assotiation of Zenica-Doboj Canton. FAU - Lisicic-Konakovic, Mirela AU - Lisicic-Konakovic M AD - Paediatrics Department, Ilidza Health Centre, Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Mesihovic-Dinarevic, Senka AU - Mesihovic-Dinarevic S AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Bajric, Elmedin AU - Bajric E AD - Faculty of Dentistry with the Dental Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Jurisic, Sanja AU - Jurisic S AD - School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Musa Trolic, Ines AU - Musa Trolic I AD - School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Cubela, Mladen AU - Cubela M AD - School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Sarac, Zdenko AU - Sarac Z AD - School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FAU - Zukanovic, Amila AU - Zukanovic A AD - Faculty of Dentistry with the Dental Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230801 PL - Bosnia and Herzegovina TA - Med Glas (Zenica) JT - Medicinski glasnik : official publication of the Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina JID - 101250177 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - child OT - eating habits OT - family OT - snacking EDAT- 2023/08/16 18:42 MHDA- 2023/08/16 18:42 CRDT- 2023/08/16 12:38 PHST- 2023/04/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/16 18:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/16 18:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/16 12:38 [entrez] AID - 10.17392/1618-23 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Med Glas (Zenica). 2023 Aug 1;20(2). doi: 10.17392/1618-23. PMID- 37575293 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230815 IS - 2305-7823 (Print) IS - 2305-7823 (Electronic) IS - 2305-7823 (Linking) VI - 2023 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Aug 1 TI - Migraine and heart: A reality check. PG - e202320 LID - 10.21542/gcsp.2023.20 [doi] LID - e202320 AB - Migraine is a common neurological disorder affecting 12% of the global population. The common risk factors are adolescent age, genetics, and female sex, and are triggered by hormonal fluctuations, emotional stress, sensory overload, weather changes, alcohol consumption, fasting, cheese, chocolate, smoked fish, yeast extract, cured meats, artificial sweeteners, food preservatives containing nitrates and nitrites, and sleep disturbances. Migraine with aura is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease events, such as myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, and cardiac arrhythmias, and has recently been added to the QRISK3 cardiovascular disease prediction score. Population-based cohort studies have shown a significant association of migraine with aura and cardiac arrhythmias, most importantly atrial fibrillation. Patients suffering from migraine with aura are at an increased risk for cardiac arrhythmias; thus, it is essential to screen these patients for undiagnosed cardiovascular disorders. CI - Copyright (c)2023 The Author(s). FAU - Valecha, Jayesh AU - Valecha J AD - Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India. FAU - Khandait, Harshwardhan AU - Khandait H AD - Trinitas Regional Medical Center/RWJ Barnabas Health, Elizabeth, NJ, USA. FAU - Sk, Anagha AU - Sk A AD - Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, India. FAU - Gupta, Vasu AU - Gupta V AD - Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India. FAU - Kumawat, Sunita AU - Kumawat S AD - Index Medical College Hospital & Research Center, Indore, India. FAU - Anamika, Fnu AU - Anamika F AD - University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. FAU - Jain, Rohit AU - Jain R AD - Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA. FAU - Dua, Dharti AU - Dua D AD - The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230801 PL - Qatar TA - Glob Cardiol Sci Pract JT - Global cardiology science & practice JID - 101613130 PMC - PMC10422873 EDAT- 2023/08/14 06:42 MHDA- 2023/08/14 06:43 PMCR- 2023/08/01 CRDT- 2023/08/14 04:27 PHST- 2023/02/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/14 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/08/14 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/08/14 04:27 [entrez] PHST- 2023/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - gcsp.2023.20 [pii] AID - 10.21542/gcsp.2023.20 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Glob Cardiol Sci Pract. 2023 Aug 1;2023(3):e202320. doi: 10.21542/gcsp.2023.20. eCollection 2023 Aug 1. PMID- 37513636 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230731 LR - 20230801 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 14 DP - 2023 Jul 20 TI - Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Allergy Traits at Second Year of Life: BRISA Cohort Study. LID - 10.3390/nu15143218 [doi] LID - 3218 AB - Sugar-Sweetened Beverage (SSBs) consumption has risen in early life and it is plausible that it might increase children's risk of allergies. In this paper, we analyzed the association of SSB consumption with allergies in children's second year of life. This study analyzed data from a Sao Luis BRISA prenatal cohort in the follow-up of children (n = 1144) in their second year of life. Allergy Traits were a latent variable deduced from medical diagnoses of allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. SSBs were investigated as a percentage of daily calories based on 24 h recalls, including industrialized fruit juices, soft drinks, and ready-made chocolate milk. Other variables analyzed were socioeconomic status, age, body mass index z-score, episodes of diarrhea, and breastfeeding. Our finds were that higher consumption of daily calories from SSBs was associated with higher Allergy Trait values (SC = 0.174; p = 0.025); older age (SC = -0.181; p = 0.030) was associated with lower Allergy Trait values; and episodes of diarrhea were correlated with Allergy Traits (SC = 0.287; p = 0.015). SSB exposure was associated with Allergy Traits in children's second year of life; thus, abstaining from these beverages may also confer additional advantages in curtailing allergic diseases during early childhood. FAU - Muniz, Alessandra Karla Oliveira Amorim AU - Muniz AKOA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5958-0826 AD - Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhao-UFMA, Sao Luis 65020-060, Maranhao, Brazil. FAU - Vianna, Elcio Oliveira AU - Vianna EO AD - Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo-USP, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Padilha, Luana Lopes AU - Padilha LL AD - Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhao-UFMA, Sao Luis 65020-060, Maranhao, Brazil. FAU - Nascimento, Joelma Ximenes Prado Teixeira AU - Nascimento JXPT AD - Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhao-UFMA, Sao Luis 65020-060, Maranhao, Brazil. FAU - Batista, Rosangela Fernandes Lucena AU - Batista RFL AD - Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhao-UFMA, Sao Luis 65020-060, Maranhao, Brazil. FAU - Barbieri, Marco Antonio AU - Barbieri MA AD - Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo-USP, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Bettiol, Heloisa AU - Bettiol H AD - Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo-USP, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Ribeiro, Cecilia Claudia Costa AU - Ribeiro CCC AD - Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhao-UFMA, Sao Luis 65020-060, Maranhao, Brazil. LA - eng GR - Finance Code 001/Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)/ GR - Processo 17617/2017-29/Department of Science and Technology (DECIT/Brazilian Ministry of Health)/ GR - 2008/53593-0/The Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230720 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Sugar-Sweetened Beverages/adverse effects MH - Cohort Studies MH - Beverages/adverse effects MH - Carbonated Beverages MH - *Hypersensitivity/epidemiology/etiology PMC - PMC10383806 OTO - NOTNLM OT - allergic rhinitis OT - atopic dermatitis OT - food allergy OT - second year of life OT - structural equation modeling OT - sugar-sweetened beverages COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/07/29 11:43 MHDA- 2023/07/31 06:43 PMCR- 2023/07/20 CRDT- 2023/07/29 01:36 PHST- 2023/06/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/07/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/31 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/29 11:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/29 01:36 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu15143218 [pii] AID - nutrients-15-03218 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu15143218 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2023 Jul 20;15(14):3218. doi: 10.3390/nu15143218. PMID- 37447261 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230717 LR - 20260921 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 13 DP - 2023 Jun 28 TI - Alterations in Dietary Behavior, Appetite Regulation, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Youth with Obesity in Germany during the COVID-19 Pandemic. LID - 10.3390/nu15132936 [doi] LID - 2936 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the nutritional patterns, eating behavior, dietary content, and health-related quality of life (HrQoL) of adolescents with preexisting obesity. METHODS: Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured, and validated questionnaires on eating habits, nutritional content, and HrQoL were administered to 264 adolescents with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020-June 2022) and 265 adolescents with obesity before the pandemic (from June 2017 to June 2019). RESULTS: Both study cohorts were comparable in age and sex distribution. Significant differences were found between the COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 cohorts in HOMA-index (3.8 (interquartile range [IQR])): 3.3; 4.1) vs. 3.2 (IQR: 2.8; 3.5, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (208.8 mg/dL (IQR: 189.9; 214.5) vs. 198.5 mg/dL (IQR: 189.5; 207.4), p < 0.001), and GPT (93.4 (IQR 88.7; 96.5) vs. 72.8 U/L (IQR 68.9; 75.7), p < 0.001). The COVID-19 cohort reported significantly higher consumption of obesity-promoting food components, such as soft drinks, meat, sausages, fast food and delivery food, chocolate, and sweets. There was also a significant decrease in cognitive hunger control (p = 0.002) and an increase in distractibility potential (p = 0.001) while eating. HrQoL was significantly lower in the COVID-19 cohort (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the adverse associations of exposure to the public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic with nutrition, dietary content, and HrQoL in adolescents with preexisting obesity. These findings underscore the importance of tailored preventive and treatment strategies for addressing the specific challenges of disruptive events such as pandemics, especially in population-based context. FAU - Struckmeyer, Nora AU - Struckmeyer N AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Biester, Torben AU - Biester T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8051-5562 AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Kordonouri, Olga AU - Kordonouri O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9563-3537 AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Weiner, Chantal AU - Weiner C AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Sadeghian, Evelin AU - Sadeghian E AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Guntermann, Cathrin AU - Guntermann C AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Kapitzke, Kerstin AU - Kapitzke K AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Weiskorn, Jantje AU - Weiskorn J AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Galuschka, Laura AU - Galuschka L AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - von Stuelpnagel, Kisa AU - von Stuelpnagel K AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. AD - Department for Sports Science, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany. FAU - Meister, Daniela AU - Meister D AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Lange, Karin AU - Lange K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3636-2025 AD - Medical Psychology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Danne, Thomas AU - Danne T AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. FAU - Reschke, Felix AU - Reschke F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1170-6706 AD - Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany. LA - eng GR - Grant ZE AAS-134/Dr. August und Erika Appenrodt Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230628 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Pandemics/prevention & control MH - Quality of Life MH - Appetite Regulation MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Diet MH - Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Germany/epidemiology PMC - PMC10346875 OTO - NOTNLM OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - children with overweight OT - eating habits OT - hunger control OT - life quality OT - nutritional content COIS- The authors report to no potential conflict of interest relevant to this article. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2023/07/14 13:06 MHDA- 2023/07/17 06:42 PMCR- 2023/06/28 CRDT- 2023/07/14 01:22 PHST- 2023/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/17 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/14 13:06 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/14 01:22 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu15132936 [pii] AID - nutrients-15-02936 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu15132936 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2023 Jun 28;15(13):2936. doi: 10.3390/nu15132936. PMID- 37419202 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230912 LR - 20260127 IS - 1096-0953 (Electronic) IS - 0013-9351 (Linking) VI - 234 DP - 2023 Oct 1 TI - Food processing contaminants: Dietary exposure to 3-MCPD and glycidol and associated burden of disease for Italian consumers. PG - 116559 LID - S0013-9351(23)01363-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116559 [doi] AB - In this study we assessed Italian consumers' dietary exposure to 3-MCPD and glycidol followed by risk characterization, potential cancer risk and the associated burden of disease. Consumption data was retrieved from the most recent Italian Food Consumption Survey (2017-2020), while contamination data was obtained from the European Food Safety Authority. The level of risk due to exposure to 3-MCPD was negligible, below the tolerable daily intake (TDI), except for high consumption of infant formulas. For infants, the intake level was higher than the TDI (139-141% of TDI), indicating a potential health risk. Exposure to glycidol indicated a health concern for infants, toddlers, other children, and adolescents consuming infant formulas, plain cakes, chocolate spreads, processed cereals, biscuits, rusks, and cookies (margin of exposure (MOE) < 25,000). The risk of cancer due to exposure to glycidol was estimated and the overall health impact was quantified in Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). The risk of cancer due to chronic dietary exposure to glycidol was estimated at 0.08-0.52 cancer cases/year/100,000 individuals depending on the life stage and dietary habits in Italy. The burden of disease quantified in DALYs varied from 0.7 to 5.37 DALYs/year/100,000 individuals. It is crucial to continuously gather consumption and occurrence data for glycidol over time to track patterns, assess potential health risks, identify exposure sources, and develop effective countermeasures, as long-term exposure to chemical contaminants can lead to an increased risk for human health. This data is critical for protecting public health and reducing the likelihood of cancer and other health issues related to glycidol exposure. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Mihalache, Octavian Augustin AU - Mihalache OA AD - Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy. Electronic address: augustinoctavian.mihalache@unipr.it. FAU - Dall'Asta, Chiara AU - Dall'Asta C AD - Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230705 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Res JT - Environmental research JID - 0147621 RN - 96-24-2 (alpha-Chlorohydrin) RN - S54CF1DV9A (glycidol) RN - 0 (Epoxy Compounds) RN - 0 (Propanols) SB - IM MH - Infant MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Dietary Exposure MH - *alpha-Chlorohydrin/analysis MH - Food Contamination/analysis MH - Food Handling MH - *Neoplasms/chemically induced/epidemiology MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - Cost of Illness MH - Epoxy Compounds MH - Propanols OTO - NOTNLM OT - 3-MCPD OT - Burden of disease OT - DALY OT - Dietary exposure OT - Glycidol OT - Risk of cancer COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/07/08 10:42 MHDA- 2023/09/12 06:41 CRDT- 2023/07/07 19:24 PHST- 2023/05/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/12 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/08 10:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/07 19:24 [entrez] AID - S0013-9351(23)01363-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116559 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Res. 2023 Oct 1;234:116559. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116559. Epub 2023 Jul 5. PMID- 37415120 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230710 LR - 20231116 IS - 1471-2431 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2431 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jul 6 TI - Blood eosinophil related to maternal allergic rhinitis is associated with the incidence of allergic rhinitis in offspring: COCOA study. PG - 343 LID - 10.1186/s12887-023-04156-1 [doi] LID - 343 AB - OBJECTIVE: The identification of allergic rhinitis (AR) in early life is important for the target of intervention. AR is caused by various environmental factors, including house dust mites. We investigated the relationship between the Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f)-IgE and eosinophil in mothers with AR at delivery and the eosinophil levels and AR incidence in children. METHODS: The study participants were 983 mother-child pairs from the COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic Diseases. AR was diagnosed by a doctor at delivery in mother and at 3 years of age in offspring. The association between eosinophil level and AR was assessed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The Der f-IgE level in mother having AR at delivery was associated with the mother's eosinophil level, and the mother's eosinophil level was associated with the child's eosinophil level both at age 1 and 3. The risk of AR at age 3 in children was increased according to increased eosinophil levels in mothers at delivery and in children both aged 1 and 3 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.57 [1.14-5.78], 2.28 [1.02-5.13], respectively). The risk of childhood AR at the age of 3 is increased when both mothers and children have high eosiniophils (aOR and 95% CI: 2.62 [1.01-6.79], 1.37 [0.98-1.91]). CONCLUSIONS: Der f-IgE in mothers at delivery was related to eosinophil levels in mothers with AR and higher level of eosinophils in both mother and children was associated with the increased risk of AR incidence at the first 3 years of life of children. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Choi, Eun-A AU - Choi EA AD - Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Nah, Geumkyung AU - Nah G AD - Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Chang, Woo-Sung AU - Chang WS AD - Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Environmental Health Center for Atopic Disease, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Young Youl AU - Kim YY AD - Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Hye-Ja AU - Lee HJ AD - Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. hyejalee@yahoo.co.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230706 PL - England TA - BMC Pediatr JT - BMC pediatrics JID - 100967804 RN - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E) SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Child, Preschool MH - Eosinophils MH - Incidence MH - Immunoglobulin E MH - *Rhinitis, Allergic/epidemiology MH - *Asthma/epidemiology/etiology/diagnosis PMC - PMC10324231 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Allergic Rhinitis OT - Der f-IgE OT - Eosinophil OT - Mothers and children COIS- None. The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/07/07 01:05 MHDA- 2023/07/10 06:42 PMCR- 2023/07/06 CRDT- 2023/07/06 23:37 PHST- 2022/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/10 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/07 01:05 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/06 23:37 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12887-023-04156-1 [pii] AID - 4156 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12887-023-04156-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Pediatr. 2023 Jul 6;23(1):343. doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-04156-1. PMID- 37405585 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230718 IS - 2198-7793 (Print) IS - 2198-7793 (Electronic) IS - 2198-7793 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jul 5 TI - A rare spontaneous breast abscess due to Mycobacterium chelonae: a case report. PG - 125 LID - 10.1186/s40792-023-01706-8 [doi] LID - 125 AB - BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium chelonae, a nontuberculous mycobacterium, commonly causes skin, soft tissue, eye, pulmonary, catheter-related, and post-surgical infections in patients with immunosuppression or trauma. M. chelonae breast infections are rare, and most cases occur following cosmetic surgery. Here, we report the first case of spontaneous breast abscess due to M. chelonae. CASE PRESENTATION: A 22-year-old Japanese woman presented at our hospital with swelling and pain in the right breast for the past 2 weeks without any fever. She had a 19-month-old child and stopped breastfeeding 1 month after giving birth. The patient had no history of trauma or breast surgeries, no family history of breast cancer, and was not immunocompromised. Breast ultrasonography revealed a heterogeneous hypoechoic lesion with multiple fluid-filled areas suspected to be abscesses. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 64 x 58 x 62 mm, ill-defined, high-signal-intensity lesion with multiple ring enhancements in the upper half of the right breast. The first diagnosis was inflammatory breast cancer or granulomatous mastitis with abscess. A core needle biopsy led to drainage of pus. Gram staining did not reveal any bacteria in the pus, but the colonies from the biopsy grew on blood and chocolate agar cultures. Mass spectrometry detected M. chelonae in these colonies. Histopathological findings revealed mastitis without malignancy. The patient's treatment regimen was oral clarithromycin (CAM) based on susceptibility. Three weeks later, although the pus had reduced, the induration in the breast did not resolve; therefore, multidrug antibiotic treatment was initiated. The patient received amikacin and imipenem infusion therapy for 2 weeks, followed by continuation of CAM. Three weeks later, tenderness in the right breast recurred with slight pus discharge. Hence, minocycline (MINO) was added to the treatment. The patient stopped CAM and MINO treatment 2 weeks later. There was no recurrence 2 years after treatment. CONCLUSION: We report a case of M. chelonae breast infection and abscess formation in a 22-year-old Japanese woman without obvious risk factors. M. chelonae infection should be considered in cases of intractable breast abscess, even in patients without immunosuppression or trauma. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Sakatoku, Yayoi AU - Sakatoku Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3516-4174 AD - Department of Surgery, Handa City Hospital, 2-29 Toyo-Cho, Handa-City, Aichi, 475-8599, Japan. gogomalay1980@gmail.com. FAU - Okada, Yoshito AU - Okada Y AD - Department of Surgery, Handa City Hospital, 2-29 Toyo-Cho, Handa-City, Aichi, 475-8599, Japan. FAU - Takahashi, Yohei AU - Takahashi Y AD - Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Handa City Hospital, 2-29 Toyo-Cho, Handa-City, Aichi, 475-8599, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230705 PL - Japan TA - Surg Case Rep JT - Surgical case reports JID - 101662125 PMC - PMC10322812 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breast abscess OT - Case report OT - Mycobacterium chelonae OT - Nontuberculous mycobacteria COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/07/05 13:05 MHDA- 2023/07/05 13:06 PMCR- 2023/07/05 CRDT- 2023/07/05 11:13 PHST- 2023/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/05 13:06 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/05 13:05 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/05 11:13 [entrez] PHST- 2023/07/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s40792-023-01706-8 [pii] AID - 1706 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40792-023-01706-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Surg Case Rep. 2023 Jul 5;9(1):125. doi: 10.1186/s40792-023-01706-8. PMID- 37385617 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230703 LR - 20260127 IS - 1672-7347 (Print) IS - 1672-7347 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Apr 28 TI - Clinical features of 102 patients with different types of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome. PG - 550-556 LID - 1672-7347(2023)04-0550-07 [pii] LID - 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220336 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWS) is a rare female genital tract malformation, and there are few large sample studies reported at home and abroad. The clinical manifestations of this syndrome are diverse, and insufficient understanding may delay the diagnosis and treatment of the patients. This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of different types of HWWS patients, and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of HWWS. METHODS: The clinical data of patients with HWWS who were hospitalized in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from October 1, 2009 to April 5, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The age, medical history, physical examination, imaging examination and treatment of the patients were collected for statistical analysis. The patients were divided into an imperforate oblique vaginal septum type, a perforate oblique vaginal septum type, and an imperforate oblique vaginal septum and cervical fistula type. The clinical characteristics of different types of HWWS patients were compared. RESULTS: A total of 102 HWWS patients were enrolled, with age of 10-46 years old, including 37 (36.27%) patients with type I, 50 (49.02%) type II, and 15 (14.71%) type III. All patients were diagnosed after menarche, with an average age of (20.5+/-7.4) years. There were significant differences in the age of diagnosis and course of disease among the 3 types of HWWS patients (both P<0.05). Patients with type I had the youngest age of diagnosis [(18.0+/-6.0) years] and the shortest course of disease (median course of 6 months), while patients with type III had the oldest age of diagnosis [(22.9+/-9.8) years] and the longest course of disease (median course of 48 months). The main clinical manifestation of type I was dysmenorrhea, and the main clinical manifestation of type II and type III was abnormal vaginal bleeding. Of the 102 patients, 67 (65.69%) patients had double uterus, 33 (32.35%) had septate uterus, and 2 (1.96%) had bicornuate uterus. The vast majority of patients had renal agenesis on the oblique septum, and only 1 patient had renal dysplasia on the oblique septum. The oblique septum located on the left side in 45 (44.12%) patients and on the right side in 57 (55.88%) patients. There were no significant differences in uterine morphology, urinary system malformation, pelvic mass, and oblique septum among the 3 types of HWWS patients (all P>0.05). Six (5.88%) patients had ovarian chocolate cyst, 4 (3.92%) patients had pelvic abscess, and 5 (4.90%) patients had hydrosalpinx. All patients underwent vaginal oblique septum resection. Among them, 42 patients underwent hysteroscopic incision of the oblique vaginal septum without destroying the intact hymen because they had no sexual life history, and the remaining 60 patients underwent traditional oblique vaginal septum resection. Among the 102 patients, 89 patients were followed up for 1 month to 12 years. The symptoms of vaginal oblique septum in 89 patients such as dysmenorrhea, abnormal vaginal bleeding and vaginal discharge were improved after operation. Among the 42 patients who underwent hysteroscopic incision of the oblique vaginal septum without destroying the intact hymen, 25 patients underwent hysteroscopies again 3 months after operation, and there was no obvious scar formation at the oblique septum incision site. CONCLUSIONS: Different types of HWWS have different clinical manifestations, but all can be manifested as dysmenorrhea. The patient's uterine morphology can be manifested as double uterus, septate uterus, or bicornuate uterus. The possibility of HWWS should be considered if uterine malformation is combined with renal agenesis. Vaginal oblique septum resection is an effective treatment. FAU - Jiang, Jianfa AU - Jiang J AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China. 670561033@qq.com. FAU - Yi, Shuijing AU - Yi S AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China. 7648218@qq.com. LA - eng LA - chi GR - 2022JJ40744/the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province/ GR - YX202112/the Wisdom Accumulation and Talent Cultivation Project of the Third Xiangya Hosipital of Central South University/ PT - Journal Article TT - 102例不同类型阴道斜隔综合征的临床特征. PL - China TA - Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban JT - Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences JID - 101230586 RN - Hereditary renal agenesis RN - Renal Adysplasia RN - Uterine Anomalies SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Young Adult MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - *Kidney Diseases/congenital MH - Dysmenorrhea MH - *Bicornuate Uterus MH - Middle Aged MH - *Uterine Duplication Anomalies MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Uterine Hemorrhage MH - Congenital Abnormalities MH - Kidney/abnormalities MH - Urogenital Abnormalities MH - Uterus/abnormalities PMC - PMC10930247 OAB - OBJECTIVE: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWS) is a rare female genital tract malformation, and there are few large sample studies reported at home and abroad. The clinical manifestations of this syndrome are diverse, and insufficient understanding may delay the diagnosis and treatment of the patients. This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of different types of HWWS patients, and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of HWWS. METHODS: The clinical data of patients with HWWS who were hospitalized in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from October 1, 2009 to April 5, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The age, medical history, physical examination, imaging examination and treatment of the patients were collected for statistical analysis. The patients were divided into an imperforate oblique vaginal septum type, a perforate oblique vaginal septum type, and an imperforate oblique vaginal septum and cervical fistula type. The clinical characteristics of different types of HWWS patients were compared. RESULTS: A total of 102 HWWS patients were enrolled, with age of 10-46 years old, including 37 (36.27%) patients with type I, 50 (49.02%) type II, and 15 (14.71%) type III. All patients were diagnosed after menarche, with an average age of (20.5+/-7.4) years. There were significant differences in the age of diagnosis and course of disease among the 3 types of HWWS patients (both P<0.05). Patients with type I had the youngest age of diagnosis [(18.0+/-6.0) years] and the shortest course of disease (median course of 6 months), while patients with type III had the oldest age of diagnosis [(22.9+/-9.8) years] and the longest course of disease (median course of 48 months). The main clinical manifestation of type I was dysmenorrhea, and the main clinical manifestation of type II and type III was abnormal vaginal bleeding. Of the 102 patients, 67 (65.69%) patients had double uterus, 33 (32.35%) had septate uterus, and 2 (1.96%) had bicornuate uterus. The vast majority of patients had renal agenesis on the oblique septum, and only 1 patient had renal dysplasia on the oblique septum. The oblique septum located on the left side in 45 (44.12%) patients and on the right side in 57 (55.88%) patients. There were no significant differences in uterine morphology, urinary system malformation, pelvic mass, and oblique septum among the 3 types of HWWS patients (all P>0.05). Six (5.88%) patients had ovarian chocolate cyst, 4 (3.92%) patients had pelvic abscess, and 5 (4.90%) patients had hydrosalpinx. All patients underwent vaginal oblique septum resection. Among them, 42 patients underwent hysteroscopic incision of the oblique vaginal septum without destroying the intact hymen because they had no sexual life history, and the remaining 60 patients underwent traditional oblique vaginal septum resection. Among the 102 patients, 89 patients were followed up for 1 month to 12 years. The symptoms of vaginal oblique septum in 89 patients such as dysmenorrhea, abnormal vaginal bleeding and vaginal discharge were improved after operation. Among the 42 patients who underwent hysteroscopic incision of the oblique vaginal septum without destroying the intact hymen, 25 patients underwent hysteroscopies again 3 months after operation, and there was no obvious scar formation at the oblique septum incision site. CONCLUSION: Different types of HWWS have different clinical manifestations, but all can be manifested as dysmenorrhea. The patient's uterine morphology can be manifested as double uterus, septate uterus, or bicornuate uterus. The possibility of HWWS should be considered if uterine malformation is combined with renal agenesis. Vaginal oblique septum resection is an effective treatment. OABL- eng OTO - NOTNLM OT - Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome OT - dysmenorrhea OT - renal agenesis OT - uterine malformation COIS- 作者声称无任何利益冲突。 EDAT- 2023/06/30 01:06 MHDA- 2023/07/03 06:41 PMCR- 2023/04/28 CRDT- 2023/06/29 20:03 PHST- 2023/07/03 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/30 01:06 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/29 20:03 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1672-7347(2023)04-0550-07 [pii] AID - 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220336 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2023 Apr 28;48(4):550-556. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220336. PMID- 37377550 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230630 LR - 20230702 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2023 TI - Dietary profile of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea patients, effects of routine educational counseling, and predictors for outcomes. PG - 1160647 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1160647 [doi] LID - 1160647 AB - BACKGROUND: Dietary behavior is a main contributing yet modifiable factor to the body weight status of children and may be involved in the pathophysiology of childhood obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study aimed to investigate the dietary profile of pediatric OSA patients, effects of educational counseling after adenotonsillectomy, and predictor for disease resolution. METHODS: This observational study included 50 pediatric OSA patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy with routine educational counseling (Group 1), 50 pediatric OSA patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy without formal educational counseling (Group 2), and 303 healthy children without OSA (Control). The three groups were matched by age. The consumption frequency of 25 food items/groups was assessed by the Short Food Frequency Questionnaire. Quality of life was evaluated by the OSA-18 questionnaire. Sleep architecture and OSA severity were measured by standard polysomnography. Between- and within-group comparisons were analyzed by non-parametric approaches and generalized estimating equations. Prediction of disease recovery was performed by multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: Group 1 children consumed fruit drinks with sugar, vegetables, sweets, chocolate, rice, and noodles more frequently than Control Group children. At baseline, the distributions of sex, weight status, OSA-18 scores, and polysomnographic variables were comparable between Group 1 and Group 2. After a 12-month follow-up, Group 1 had better improvements in physical suffering, caregiver concerns, sleep architecture, and mean peripheral oxygen saturation compared to Group 2. Furthermore, Group 1 no longer had excessive consumption of fruit drinks with sugar, chocolate, and noodles; however, food consumption frequencies did not change significantly. Notably, younger age and reduced intake of butter/margarine on bread and noodles were independent predictors of cured OSA in Group 1. CONCLUSION: The present study preliminarily characterized an unhealthy dietary profile among pediatric OSA patients and suggested that routine educational counseling in addition to adenotonsillectomy yielded some clinical benefits. Certain items/groups of food frequencies may be associated with disease recovery and further investigations are warranted. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Chuang, Lin, Hsu, Chuang, Li, Fang, Huang, Yang, Lee, Kuo, Yang and Lee. FAU - Chuang, Hai-Hua AU - Chuang HH AD - Department of Family Medicine, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Department of Industrial Engineering and Manage-ment, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. FAU - Lin, Rong-Ho AU - Lin RH AD - Department of Industrial Engineering and Manage-ment, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Hsu, Jen-Fu AU - Hsu JF AD - Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Chuang, Li-Pang AU - Chuang LP AD - Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Li, Hsueh-Yu AU - Li HY AD - Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Fang, Tuan-Jen AU - Fang TJ AD - Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Huang, Yu-Shu AU - Huang YS AD - Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Department of Child Psychiatry, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. FAU - Yang, Albert C AU - Yang AC AD - Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veter-ans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Lee, Guo-She AU - Lee GS AD - Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Kuo, Terry B J AU - Kuo TBJ AD - Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Wel-fare, Nantou, Taiwan. AD - Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Yang, Cheryl C H AU - Yang CCH AD - Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. AD - Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Lee, Li-Ang AU - Lee LA AD - Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. AD - Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230612 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 RN - 0 (Sugars) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Quality of Life MH - Treatment Outcome MH - *Sleep Apnea, Obstructive MH - Diet MH - Sugars PMC - PMC10291126 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adenotonsillectomy OT - children OT - dietary educational counseling OT - dietary profile OT - food frequency OT - food literacy OT - obstructive sleep apnea OT - outcome assessment COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/06/28 13:08 MHDA- 2023/06/30 06:42 PMCR- 2023/06/12 CRDT- 2023/06/28 09:16 PHST- 2023/02/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/30 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/28 13:08 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/28 09:16 [entrez] PHST- 2023/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1160647 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2023 Jun 12;11:1160647. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1160647. eCollection 2023. PMID- 37368926 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230629 LR - 20231228 IS - 1091-6490 (Electronic) IS - 0027-8424 (Print) IS - 0027-8424 (Linking) VI - 120 IP - 27 DP - 2023 Jul 4 TI - Diversity of plant DNA in stool is linked to dietary quality, age, and household income. PG - e2304441120 LID - 10.1073/pnas.2304441120 [doi] LID - e2304441120 AB - Eating a varied diet is a central tenet of good nutrition. Here, we develop a molecular tool to quantify human dietary plant diversity by applying DNA metabarcoding with the chloroplast trnL-P6 marker to 1,029 fecal samples from 324 participants across two interventional feeding studies and three observational cohorts. The number of plant taxa per sample (plant metabarcoding richness or pMR) correlated with recorded intakes in interventional diets and with indices calculated from a food frequency questionnaire in typical diets (rho = 0.40 to 0.63). In adolescents unable to collect validated dietary survey data, trnL metabarcoding detected 111 plant taxa, with 86 consumed by more than one individual and four (wheat, chocolate, corn, and potato family) consumed by >70% of individuals. Adolescent pMR was associated with age and household income, replicating prior epidemiologic findings. Overall, trnL metabarcoding promises an objective and accurate measure of the number and types of plants consumed that is applicable to diverse human populations. FAU - Petrone, Brianna L AU - Petrone BL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4778-7595 AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. AD - Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Aqeel, Ammara AU - Aqeel A AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Jiang, Sharon AU - Jiang S AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Durand, Heather K AU - Durand HK AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Dallow, Eric P AU - Dallow EP AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - McCann, Jessica R AU - McCann JR AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Dressman, Holly K AU - Dressman HK AD - Duke Microbiome Core Facility, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Hu, Zhengzheng AU - Hu Z AD - Duke Microbiome Core Facility, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Tenekjian, Christine B AU - Tenekjian CB AD - Duke Lifestyle and Weight Management Center, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Yancy, William S Jr AU - Yancy WS Jr AD - Duke Lifestyle and Weight Management Center, Durham, NC 27710. AD - Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Lin, Pao-Hwa AU - Lin PH AD - Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705. FAU - Scialla, Julia J AU - Scialla JJ AD - Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903. AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903. FAU - Seed, Patrick C AU - Seed PC AD - Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611. FAU - Rawls, John F AU - Rawls JF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5976-5206 AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. AD - Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Armstrong, Sarah C AU - Armstrong SC AD - Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. FAU - Stevens, June AU - Stevens J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7306-7298 AD - Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599. FAU - David, Lawrence A AU - David LA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3570-4767 AD - Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. AD - Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710. LA - eng GR - 5R24DK110492-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R24 DK110492/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - 5R01DK116187-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 GM007171/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK128611/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - NRSA T32GM007171/NH/NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK116187/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230627 PL - United States TA - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A JT - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America JID - 7505876 RN - 0 (DNA, Plant) SB - IM CIN - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Jul 18;120(29):e2309172120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2309172120. PMID: 37406090 MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - DNA, Plant/genetics MH - *Diet MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Plants/genetics MH - DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic PMC - PMC10319039 OTO - NOTNLM OT - diet quality OT - dietary assessment OT - food biodiversity OT - high-throughput sequencing OT - nutrition COIS- The authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2023/06/27 19:13 MHDA- 2023/06/29 06:43 PMCR- 2023/12/27 CRDT- 2023/06/27 13:42 PHST- 2023/06/29 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/27 19:13 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/27 13:42 [entrez] PHST- 2023/12/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 202304441 [pii] AID - 10.1073/pnas.2304441120 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Jul 4;120(27):e2304441120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2304441120. Epub 2023 Jun 27. PMID- 37316071 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230616 LR - 20230618 IS - 1873-7145 (Electronic) IS - 0963-9969 (Linking) VI - 170 DP - 2023 Aug TI - Children's reaction to sugar reduced dairy desserts in the context of the implementation of nutritional warning labels: An exploratory study. PG - 113001 LID - S0963-9969(23)00546-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113001 [doi] AB - The aim of the present work was to explore children's reaction to sugar reduction in the context of the implementation of nutritional warnings in Uruguay. The study was composed of two sessions involving three evaluation conditions: tasting without package information, package evaluation without tasting, and tasting with package information. A total of 122 children, ages ranging between 6 and 13 years old (47% girls) were involved in the study. In the first session, children's hedonic and emotional response to a regular and a sugar-reduced chocolate dairy dessert (without other sweeteners) was evaluated. In the second session, children first evaluated their expected liking, emotional associations and choice of packages differing in the presence of warning labels for excessive sugar content and cartoon character (2x2 design). Finally, they tasted the selected sample in the presence of the package and evaluated their liking, emotional associations, and intention to re-taste it. Although sugar reduction led to a significant reduction in overall liking, the dessert with 40% sugar reduction showed a mean overall score of 6.5 in a 9-point hedonic scale and was described using positive emoji (, , ). When the desserts were tasted with package information, no significant differences in the expected overall liking of the regular and sugar-reduced dessert were found. Regarding the effect of packaging elements, the presence of a warning label highlighting excessive content of sugar did not have a significant effect on children's choice. Instead, children's choices were defined by the presence of a cartoon character. Results from the present work provide additional evidence about the feasibility of reducing the sugar content and sweetness of dairy products targeted at children and stress the need to regulate the use of cartoon characters on products with an unfavorable nutritional profile. Methodological recommendations for sensory and consumer research with children are also discussed. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Velazquez, Ana Laura AU - Velazquez AL AD - Sensometrics & Consumer Science, Instituto Polo Tecnologico de Pando, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, By Pass de Rutas 8 y 101 s/n, CP 91000 Pando, Canelones, Uruguay; Graduate Program in Chemistry, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay. FAU - Vidal, Leticia AU - Vidal L AD - Sensometrics & Consumer Science, Instituto Polo Tecnologico de Pando, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, By Pass de Rutas 8 y 101 s/n, CP 91000 Pando, Canelones, Uruguay. FAU - Antunez, Lucia AU - Antunez L AD - Sensometrics & Consumer Science, Instituto Polo Tecnologico de Pando, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, By Pass de Rutas 8 y 101 s/n, CP 91000 Pando, Canelones, Uruguay. FAU - Alcaire, Florencia AU - Alcaire F AD - Sensometrics & Consumer Science, Instituto Polo Tecnologico de Pando, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, By Pass de Rutas 8 y 101 s/n, CP 91000 Pando, Canelones, Uruguay. FAU - Varela, Paula AU - Varela P AD - Nofima AS. P.O. Box 210, 1431 As, Norway. FAU - Ares, Gaston AU - Ares G AD - Sensometrics & Consumer Science, Instituto Polo Tecnologico de Pando, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, By Pass de Rutas 8 y 101 s/n, CP 91000 Pando, Canelones, Uruguay. Electronic address: gares@fq.edu.uy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230523 PL - Canada TA - Food Res Int JT - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) JID - 9210143 RN - 0 (Sugars) RN - 0 (Sweetening Agents) SB - IM MH - Female MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Sugars MH - Sweetening Agents MH - *Cacao MH - *Chocolate MH - Emotions OTO - NOTNLM OT - FOP OT - Front-of-package OT - Nutrition labelling OT - Reformulation OT - Sugar-reduction COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/06/15 01:08 MHDA- 2023/06/16 06:42 CRDT- 2023/06/14 20:59 PHST- 2023/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/05/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/16 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/15 01:08 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/14 20:59 [entrez] AID - S0963-9969(23)00546-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Res Int. 2023 Aug;170:113001. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113001. Epub 2023 May 23. PMID- 37276359 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230612 LR - 20231215 IS - 1536-7312 (Electronic) IS - 0196-206X (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 5 DP - 2023 Jun-Jul 01 TI - Is My Child Racist? Supporting Caregivers in Conceptualizing Race for Children. PG - e394-e396 LID - 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001196 [doi] AB - M is a 4-year-old White girl whose parents contact their primary care pediatric clinician with a behavioral concern: over the course of several months, M has insisted that she is pregnant with quintuplets. Although some of the quintuplets have light skin tones, others have darker skin tones. When elaborating about the fantasy, M often explains that the babies fight in her tummy, and the Brown babies are "acting badly" by spitting, scratching, and hitting the others. Although M can sometimes provide an explanation for why the Brown babies misbehaved (i.e., they ate chocolate), often she is not able to produce an answer. The child frequently reiterates the same story to her parents, which has left M's parents uncertain how to react.In terms of her life course thus far, M has had typical development and behavior. She has attended all her well-child visits and met the usual developmental milestones. Beyond general development, her exposure to diverse people has been ample because she is from a multiethnic household in which 2 languages are regularly spoken. Outside of her home, she has close Brown and Black friends in her preschool, and the school has discussed race and skin color in an affirming way with the children. At home, she has books that feature children of different skin tones.What advice can M's pediatric clinician offer? How can parents and pediatric clinicians support children who present with race-based thoughts or actions that seem discriminatory? CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Carrasco, Veronica Ilene AU - Carrasco VI AD - Division of General Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Solgi, Mohadeseh AU - Solgi M AD - Division of General Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Davis, Aaron AU - Davis A AD - Division of General Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Chavis, Antwon AU - Chavis A AD - Division of General Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Zuckerman, Katharine AU - Zuckerman K AD - Division of General Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR. FAU - Augustyn, Marilyn AU - Augustyn M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9975-6067 AD - Division of General Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230605 PL - United States TA - J Dev Behav Pediatr JT - Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP JID - 8006933 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Caregivers MH - Parents MH - *Problem Behavior COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2023/06/05 19:10 MHDA- 2023/06/12 06:42 CRDT- 2023/06/05 14:53 PHST- 2023/06/12 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/05 19:10 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/05 14:53 [entrez] AID - 00004703-202307000-00008 [pii] AID - 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001196 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2023 Jun-Jul 01;44(5):e394-e396. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001196. Epub 2023 Jun 5. PMID- 37242246 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230529 LR - 20230529 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 10 DP - 2023 May 18 TI - Characteristics Associated with Being a High Consumer of Sweet Foods and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages among US Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2021. LID - 10.3390/nu15102363 [doi] LID - 2363 AB - BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted some dietary habits of Americans. OBJECTIVE: We examined characteristics associated with a high intake of sweet foods and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) during the COVID-19 pandemic among US adults. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTINGS: The SummerStyles survey data were collected in 2021 among 4034 US adults (>/=18 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The frequencies were measured of consuming various sweet foods (chocolate/candy, doughnuts/sweet rolls/Danish/muffins/Pop-Tarts, cookies/cake/pie/brownies, and ice cream/frozen desserts) and SSB (regular sodas, sweetened coffee/tea drinks fruit drinks, sports drinks, and energy drinks) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The responses were categorized into 0, >0 to <1, 1 to <2, and >/=2 times/day. The descriptive variables were sociodemographics, food insecurity, weight status, metropolitan status, census regions, and eating habit changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Multinomial regressions were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for being a high consumer of sweet foods and SSB after controlling for characteristics. RESULTS: During 2021, 15% of adults reported consuming sweet foods >/=2 times/day, and 30% reported drinking SSB >/=2 times/day. The factors that were significantly associated with greater odds of high sweet food intake (>/=2 times/day) were lower household income (AOR = 1.53 for <$35,000 vs. >/=$100,000), often/sometimes experiencing food insecurity (AOR = 1.41 vs. never), and eating more sweet foods than usual since start of the pandemic (AOR = 2.47 vs. same as usual). The factors that were significantly associated with greater odds of high SSB intake (>/=2 times/day) were males (AOR = 1.51), lower education (AOR = 1.98 for 75th percentile, in 20(25%) <25th percentile and in 40(50%) children ranged between 25-75th percentile, respectively. Higher levels of physical activity were associated with weight (beta = -0.053, p < 0.001), waist circumference (beta = -0.077, p < 0.001), BMI (beta = -0.167, p = 0.009), muscle mass (beta = -0.0619, p = 0.001) and HDL-C (beta = 0.039, p = 0.033). Quality of life was positively related to weight (beta = 5.49511, p = 0.002), waist circumference (beta = 6.593345, p = 0.012), muscle mass (beta = 7.324088, p < 0.001) and T1D duration (beta = 19.22442, p = 0.005). Lipid profile was positively associated with sweets and chocolate consumption (beta = 0.348, p < 0.05), while vegetable (beta = -0.245, p < 0.05) and white milk consumption (beta = -0.2295, p < 0.05) were negatively associated with waist/height ratio. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, higher levels of physical activity were associated with improved lipid profile (HDL-C, triglycerides) and body composition [waist circumference, Body-Mass-Index (BMI] of children and adolescents with T1D. Higher scoring in quality-of-life questionnaires were related to older children with longer diabetes duration. Unhealthy eating habits unfavorably affected lipid profile and body composition in T1D youth. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Kaza, Maria AU - Kaza M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0226-9372 AD - Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece. mka274274@gmail.com. FAU - Tsentidis, Charalampos AU - Tsentidis C AD - Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes Mellitus, General Hospital of Nikaia-Piraeus "Agios Panteleimon", 18454, Piraeus, Greece. FAU - Vlachopapadopoulou, Elpis AU - Vlachopapadopoulou E AD - Department of Endocrinology Growth and Development, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece. FAU - Karanasios, Spyridon AU - Karanasios S AD - Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece. FAU - Sakou, Irine- Ikbale AU - Sakou II AD - Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece. FAU - Paltoglou, George AU - Paltoglou G AD - Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece. FAU - Mastorakos, George AU - Mastorakos G AD - Endocrine Unit, "Aretaieion" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528, Athens, Greece. FAU - Karavanaki, Kyriaki AU - Karavanaki K AD - Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230421 PL - United States TA - Endocrine JT - Endocrine JID - 9434444 RN - 0 (Adipokines) RN - 0 (Lipids) SB - IM MH - Male MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 MH - Adipokines MH - Quality of Life MH - Risk Factors MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Exercise MH - Body Mass Index MH - Lipids MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adiponectin OT - Adolescence OT - Eating habits OT - Leptin OT - Quality of life OT - T1D EDAT- 2023/04/22 10:42 MHDA- 2023/05/22 06:42 CRDT- 2023/04/21 23:29 PHST- 2023/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/22 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/22 10:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/21 23:29 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s12020-023-03370-2 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12020-023-03370-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrine. 2023 Jun;80(3):541-551. doi: 10.1007/s12020-023-03370-2. Epub 2023 Apr 21. PMID- 37062516 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230508 LR - 20250530 IS - 1873-507X (Electronic) IS - 0031-9384 (Print) IS - 0031-9384 (Linking) VI - 266 DP - 2023 Jul 1 TI - Associations of food reinforcement and food- related inhibitory control with adiposity and weight gain in children and adolescents. PG - 114198 LID - S0031-9384(23)00123-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114198 [doi] AB - Some, but not all studies have reported that, among youth with disordered eating and high weight, the relative reinforcing value of food (RRV-F, i.e., how hard a person will work for a high-energy-dense food when another reward is available) is greater, and food-related inhibitory control (i.e., ability to withhold a response to food-related stimuli) is lower, compared to peers without disordered eating or overweight. In most studies, high RRV-F and low food-related inhibitory control have been studied separately, as independent factors, with each suggested to predict excess weight and adiposity (fat mass) gain. We hypothesized that the interaction of these factors would prospectively exacerbate risk for weight and adiposity (fat mass) gain three years later in a sample of healthy youth. At baseline, RRV-F was measured using a Behavior Choice Task with the rewards being standardized servings of chocolate candies, cheese crackers, or fruit snacks. Food-related inhibitory control was determined by performance in response to food and non-food stimuli during a Food Go/No-Go task. At baseline and 3-year visits, total body adiposity was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and body mass index (BMI) was obtained using measured weight and height. A linear regression was conducted with 3-year adiposity as the dependent variable. RRV-F, food-related inhibitory control, and the RRV-F x food-related inhibitory control interaction as independent variables. Baseline adiposity, age, height, sex, race/ethnicity, and days between visits were included as covariates for model predicting 3-year adiposity. Baseline BMI, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and days between visits were included as covariates for model predicting 3-year BMI. One-hundred and nine youth (mean 12.4+/-2.7y, mean 0.50+/-1.02 BMIz, 30.3% with overweight/obesity, 45.9% female, 51.4% non-Hispanic White), 8-17 years at baseline, were studied. Baseline food-related inhibitory control (beta(unstandardized) = 0.33, p = .037, 95% CI [.02, 0.64]), but not baseline RRV-F (beta(unstandardized) = -0.003, p = .914), 95% CI [-0.05, 0.05]) was significantly associated with 3-year adiposity such that those with the poorest food-related inhibitory control (great number of commision errors) had the greatest adiposity gain. The interaction between RRV-F and food-related inhibitory control did not predict 3-year adiposity (beta(unstandardized) = -0.07, p = .648, 95% CI [-0.39, 0.25]). The pattern of findings was the same for models examining non-food related inhibitory control. Neither baseline food-related inhibitory control (beta(unstandardized) = 2.16, p = .256, 95% CI [-1.59, 5.92]), baseline RRV-F (beta(unstandardized) = 0.14, p = .660, 95% CI [-0.48, 0.75]), nor their interaction (beta(unstandardized) = -1.18, p = .547, 95% CI [-5.04, 2.69]) were significantly associated with 3-year BMI. However, non-food related inhibitory control (beta(unstandardized) = 0.54, p = .038, 95% CI [.22, 7.15]) was significantly associated with 3-year BMI. In summary, food-related inhibitory control but not RRV-F, was associated with changes in adiposity in a sample of children and adolescents. Among generally healthy youth, food-related inhibitory control may be a more relevant risk factor than food reinforcement for adiposity gain. Additional data are needed to determine how inhibitory control and reward systems, as well as other disinhibited eating behaviors/traits, may interact to promote excess weight gain over time in youth. CI - Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Loch, Lucy K AU - Loch LK AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Tanofsky-Kraff, Marian AU - Tanofsky-Kraff M AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, Bethesda, MD, United States. Electronic address: marian.tanofsky-kraff@usuhs.edu. FAU - Parker, Megan N AU - Parker MN AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Haynes, Hannah E AU - Haynes HE AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, Bethesda, MD, United States; Metis Foundation, San Antonio, TX, United States. FAU - Te-Vazquez, Jennifer A AU - Te-Vazquez JA AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Bloomer, Bess F AU - Bloomer BF AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Lazareva, Julia AU - Lazareva J AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Moursi, Nasreen A AU - Moursi NA AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Nwosu, Ejike E AU - Nwosu EE AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Yang, Shanna B AU - Yang SB AD - Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States. FAU - Turner, Sara A AU - Turner SA AD - Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States. FAU - Brady, Sheila M AU - Brady SM AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Bowling, Andrea I AU - Bowling AI AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States. FAU - Chen, Kong Y AU - Chen KY AD - Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States. FAU - Yanovski, Jack A AU - Yanovski JA AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, United States. LA - eng GR - Z99 HD999999/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States GR - ZIA HD000641/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural DEP - 20230415 PL - United States TA - Physiol Behav JT - Physiology & behavior JID - 0151504 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Female MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - *Adiposity/physiology MH - *Overweight MH - Obesity MH - Weight Gain MH - Body Mass Index MH - Fruit PMC - PMC10374226 MID - NIHMS1893719 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adiposity OT - Disinhibited eating OT - Inhibitory control OT - Relative reinforcing value of food OT - Youth COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2023/04/17 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/08 06:42 PMCR- 2024/07/01 CRDT- 2023/04/16 19:26 PHST- 2022/12/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/04/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/08 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/16 19:26 [entrez] PHST- 2024/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0031-9384(23)00123-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114198 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Physiol Behav. 2023 Jul 1;266:114198. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114198. Epub 2023 Apr 15. PMID- 37032457 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231115 LR - 20231122 IS - 1600-0528 (Electronic) IS - 0301-5661 (Linking) VI - 51 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Ultra-processed food consumption and dental caries in adolescents from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort study. PG - 1180-1186 LID - 10.1111/cdoe.12851 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and dental caries in adolescents. METHODS: Data from 996 adolescents aged 12-13 years who participated in an oral health sub-study of the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort in southern Brazil were analysed. The main exposure was daily UPF consumption at age 10-11 years, measured by a food frequency questionnaire containing 24 UPF items defined based on the NOVA system. UPF consumption was calculated in frequency, grams and calories, in general and for six types of food (biscuits, savoury snacks and sugar-sweetened cereals; ultra-processed meats and fats; sweets; fast food and instant noodles; soft drinks and artificially flavoured drinks; and sweetened milk and powdered chocolate). The outcome was dental caries, measured according to the decayed, missing and filled indexes (DMFS and dmfs) at age 12-13 years. Poisson regression models were used to analyse the association between UPF consumption and dental caries, adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic variables, dental visits and oral hygiene. RESULTS: Overall, the daily UPF consumption in frequency, grams and calories was associated with caries. The findings were consistent for UPF consumption for all six food groups. The higher the UPF consumption, the higher the probability of having caries in adolescence. The associations between ultra-processed meats and fats, and fast food and instant noodles intake with dental caries alert to the cariogenic potential of such UPF foods. CONCLUSION: Ultra-processed food consumption was associated with greater caries burdens in young adolescents. The findings reinforce the need for interventions and public policies to reduce UPF consumption in adolescence. CI - (c) 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - da Silva, Nathalia Ribeiro Jorge AU - da Silva NRJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2691-3970 AD - Graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. FAU - de Camargo, Maria Beatriz Junqueira AU - de Camargo MBJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7908-5999 AD - Graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. FAU - Dos Vaz, Juliana Santos AU - Dos Vaz JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2880-767X AD - Graduate Program in Nutrition and Foods, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. AD - Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. FAU - Correa, Marcos Britto AU - Correa MB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1797-3541 AD - Graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. FAU - Matijasevich, Alicia AU - Matijasevich A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0060-1589 AD - Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. AD - Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - da Silva Dos Santos, Ina AU - da Silva Dos Santos I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1258-9249 AD - Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. FAU - Cascaes, Andreia Morales AU - Cascaes AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9412-8299 AD - Department of Public Health, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230409 PL - Denmark TA - Community Dent Oral Epidemiol JT - Community dentistry and oral epidemiology JID - 0410263 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Diet/adverse effects MH - Cohort Studies MH - Food, Processed MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology/etiology MH - Fast Foods/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - dental caries OT - diet, food and nutrition OT - ultra-processed food EDAT- 2023/04/11 06:00 MHDA- 2023/11/15 06:43 CRDT- 2023/04/10 00:03 PHST- 2023/01/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/15 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/10 00:03 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/cdoe.12851 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2023 Dec;51(6):1180-1186. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12851. Epub 2023 Apr 9. PMID- 37028745 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230526 LR - 20230526 IS - 1873-6351 (Electronic) IS - 0278-6915 (Linking) VI - 176 DP - 2023 Jun TI - Long-term dietary exposure to copper in the population in Germany - Results from the BfR MEAL study. PG - 113759 LID - S0278-6915(23)00161-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113759 [doi] AB - The German Total Diet Study (BfR MEAL Study) measured copper in 356 foods. In 105 of these foods copper was determined separately for conventionally and organically pooled samples. Mammalian liver, nuts, oilseeds, cocoa powder and chia seeds contained the highest copper levels. Organically produced foods tended to have higher levels compared to conventionally produced foods. Children's copper exposure was between 0.04 mg/kg body weight per day (mg/kg bw/day) and 0.07 mg/kg bw/day (median). High exposure (95th percentile) ranged between 0.07 mg/kg bw/day and 0.11 mg/kg bw/day. Adult's exposure ranged between 0.02 mg/kg bw/day (median) and 0.04 mg/kg bw/day (95th percentile). Grains and grain-based products were main contributors for all age groups. Copper intake was about 10% higher in a scenario where consumers select the organically produced variants. Children's median and high exposure was above the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.07 mg/kg bw/day set by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). However, according to EFSA's evaluation this is not of concern due to higher requirement related to growth. For adults, frequent consumers of mammalian liver exceeded the ADI in median and 95th percentile. Intake of copper-containing dietary supplements may also lead to exceedance of the ADI in all age groups. CI - Copyright (c) 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Kolbaum, Anna Elena AU - Kolbaum AE AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: anna.kolbaum@bfr.bund.de. FAU - Sarvan, Irmela AU - Sarvan I AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Irmela.Sarvan@bfr.bund.de. FAU - Bakhiya, Nadiya AU - Bakhiya N AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Nadiya.Bakhiya@bfr.bund.de. FAU - Spolders, Markus AU - Spolders M AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Markus.Spolders@bfr.bund.de. FAU - Pieper, Robert AU - Pieper R AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Robert.Pieper@bfr.bund.de. FAU - Schubert, Jens AU - Schubert J AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Jens.Schubert@bfr.bund.de. FAU - Jung, Christian AU - Jung C AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Christian.Jung@bfr.bund.de. FAU - Hackethal, Christin AU - Hackethal C AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Christin.Hackethal@gmail.de. FAU - Sieke, Christian AU - Sieke C AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Christian.Sieke@bfr.bund.de. FAU - Grunewald, Karl-Hermann AU - Grunewald KH AD - Verein Futtermitteltest (VFT) e.V., Haus Dusse 2, 59505, Bad Sassendorf, Germany. Electronic address: k-h.gruenewald@vlk-agrar.de. FAU - Lindtner, Oliver AU - Lindtner O AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Oliver.Lindtner@bfr.bund.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230406 PL - England TA - Food Chem Toxicol JT - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association JID - 8207483 RN - 789U1901C5 (Copper) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - *Dietary Exposure MH - *Copper MH - Diet MH - Food Safety MH - Dietary Supplements MH - Mammals OTO - NOTNLM OT - Conventional OT - Copper OT - Dietary exposure OT - Germany OT - Organic OT - Total diet study COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/04/08 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/26 06:42 CRDT- 2023/04/07 19:29 PHST- 2023/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/26 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/07 19:29 [entrez] AID - S0278-6915(23)00161-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113759 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Chem Toxicol. 2023 Jun;176:113759. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113759. Epub 2023 Apr 6. PMID- 37020896 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260731 IS - 0929-6212 (Print) IS - 1572-834X (Electronic) IS - 0929-6212 (Linking) VI - 129 IP - 4 DP - 2023 TI - RETRACTED ARTICLE: Establishment of Neural Series Transmission Keys (NSTKs) and Security in the Field of COVID-19 Telepediatric Oral Health. PG - 2455-2480 LID - 10.1007/s11277-023-10241-6 [doi] AB - In this exceptional COVID-19 crisis, telemedicine had arisen as a substitute technique for medicines. Even more unequivocally, pediatric children were at high risk to outside homes. The spread of COVID-19 has suddenly ascended. Because of lockdown conventions and isolation protocols, kids were confined to live inside their homes. Non-emergency youngsters ought to be managed remotely through the telepediatric health. An establishment of Neural Series Transmission Keys (NSTKs) has been created and security had been planned on the intraoral data. Oral cavity is a kind of dental disease occurring in children. It is for the most cases caused due to drawn out bacterial invasions. Bacterial attacks are more because of sticky chocolates, desserts, sugar, and so forth. Homeopathy medicines are the best prescribed to fix such dental diseases in this current unprecedented COVID-19. Since, it needs no dental medical procedure for the non-invasive kids, which is the reason that the homeopathy medicines are most appropriate in this COVID-19 lockdown stages. The doctor can gather symptoms of the kids from their parents through online interfaces. Some of the normal homeopathy drugs are: Kreasotum, Mercurius, Mezereum, etc. Moreover, in this pandemic situation online telepediatric homeopathy medicines were better alternatives to investigate from home disengages. Additionally it bears no voyaging consumptions and costs. Secure online transmission of clinical pediatric information has been the most challenging issue in COVID-19 telepediatric oral wellbeing. Data mystery factor is protected with tendency in this proposed cryptographic technique. Neural Series Transmission Keys (NSTKs) were established based on neural network based hamming codes. It has been diffused inside the intraoral pediatric data. The proposed key was so particularly amazing that it gives assorted blend after each bit of evolving. Beginning seeds were kept at the dentists and the patients, in order to go against external attacks inside the public channel, especially during this hyper digitized COVID-19 times. Standard graphs were drawn with accuracy using the proposed cryptographic method. The absolute cryptographic time in this strategy was 2.88 ms which was significantly important. By applying Chi Square test, we have noted chi2 = 17.012, under 5% level of significance. CI - (c) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. FAU - Dey, Joydeep AU - Dey J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6106-0849 AD - Department of Computer Science, M.U.C. Women's College, Burdwan, India. FAU - Ahmad, Salim AU - Ahmad S AD - Department of Nutrition, Vidyasagar Uchcha Vidyalaya, Burdwan, India. FAU - Karforma, Sunil AU - Karforma S AD - Department of Computer Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Retracted Publication DEP - 20230315 PL - Netherlands TA - Wirel Pers Commun JT - Wireless personal communications JID - 101670529 RIN - Wirel Pers Commun. 2026 May 26:1. doi: 10.1007/s11277-026-12107-z. PMID: 42536366 PMC - PMC10016166 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 OT - Homeopathy medicines OT - Key generation time OT - Neural series transmission key (NSTK) OT - Pediatric oral health COIS- Conflict of interestNo conflict of interest is applicable here. EDAT- 2023/04/07 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/07 06:01 PMCR- 2023/03/15 CRDT- 2023/04/06 02:11 PHST- 2023/02/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/07 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/06 02:11 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10241 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11277-023-10241-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Wirel Pers Commun. 2023;129(4):2455-2480. doi: 10.1007/s11277-023-10241-6. Epub 2023 Mar 15. PMID- 37020779 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231031 IS - 0974-7052 (Print) IS - 0975-1904 (Electronic) IS - 0974-7052 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan-Feb TI - Characterization of Cocoa Bean Husk Extract Particles and its Comparison as a Mouthrinse with Different Vehicles in Children aged 7-12 Years. PG - 54-59 LID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2494 [doi] AB - AIM: Assessing the efficacy of cocoa bean husk extract (CBHE) particles with different vehicles as a mouthrinse in children aged 7-12 years in comparison to chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) mouthrinse. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 80 children aged 7-12 years residing at a residential school/orphanage in Bengaluru city were selected and randomly allocated into five groups-group I: 0.1% CBHE with distilled water (DW); group II: 0.1% CBHE with Ringer's lactate (RL); group III: 0.12% CHX; group IV: 0.1% CBHE with normal saline (NS); and group V: 0.05% NaF. A Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) was recorded, salivary pH was assessed, and unstimulated saliva samples were collected at baseline (BL) after 30 minutes of rinsing on day 7 and day 14. These saliva samples were subjected to microbiological analysis, and all the data from five groups at four different time intervals was tabulated and statistically evaluated. RESULTS: Nearly 0.1% CBHE with NS as vehicle showed maximum antibacterial properties among all the groups at all time intervals. The addition of RL to CBHE provided better anti-plaque efficacy than 0.1% CBHE with DW and 0.12% CHX mouthwash. All three combinations of 0.1% CBHE and 0.12% CHX mouthwash proved to be better anti-plaque agents than 0.05% NaF. Improving the preparation of CBHE mouthwash by using NS, RL, and with the addition of saccharin sodium also improved the patient's compliance. CONCLUSION: Thus, preparing chocolate/CBHE mouthwash with NS or RL instead of plain DW increased the salivary pH, anti-plaque efficacy, and antibacterial property by reducing Streptococcus mutans growth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Cocoa bean husk extract (CBHE) mouthwash is a better anticariogenic and nonalcoholic mouthwash compared to CHX and NaF, which can be safely used in children as a routine oral rinse and also for those with gingivitis and high-risk of caries. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Kibriya S, Srinivasan I, Setty JV, et al. Characterization of Cocoa Bean Husk Extract Particles and its Comparison as a Mouthrinse with Different Vehicles in Children aged 7-12 Years. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(1):54-59. CI - Copyright (c) 2023; The Author(s). FAU - Kibriya, Sabahath AU - Kibriya S AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mathrusri Ramabai Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Srinivasan, Ila AU - Srinivasan I AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mathrusri Ramabai Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Setty, Jyothsna V AU - Setty JV AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mathrusri Ramabai Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Anu, S AU - Anu S AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mathrusri Ramabai Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. FAU - Khan, Bisma S AU - Khan BS AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mathrusri Ramabai Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - India TA - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent JT - International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry JID - 101585405 PMC - PMC10067998 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chocolate mouthwash OT - Cocoa bean husk extract mouthwash OT - Salivary pH OT - Sodium fluoride OT - Streptococcus mutans COIS- Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None EDAT- 2023/04/07 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/07 06:01 PMCR- 2023/02/01 CRDT- 2023/04/06 02:09 PHST- 2023/04/07 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/06 02:09 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2494 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2023 Jan-Feb;16(1):54-59. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2494. PMID- 37019155 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230526 LR - 20230528 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 186 DP - 2023 Jul 1 TI - Tracking teen food marketing: Participatory research to examine persuasive power and platforms of exposure. PG - 106550 LID - S0195-6663(23)00103-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106550 [doi] AB - Food marketing has long been recognized to influence children's food preferences and consumption patterns, yet only in recent years have teenagers been recognized as a uniquely vulnerable audience for food marketing appeals. Marketing pressures on teenagers around food promotion continue to intensify, yet little is known about the marketing channels and specific persuasive appeals targeting this audience. Given this research gap, this participatory research study engages teenagers to capture the food marketing targeting them and to identify its persuasive "power" and platforms of exposure. Using a specially designed mobile app called GrabFM! (Grab Food Marketing!) teenagers (ages 13-17, n = 309) identified and tagged examples of teen-targeted food marketing in their physical and digital environments over a 7-day period. Results reveal that: 1) digital platforms dominate teen-targeted food marketing, with over three quarters of the ads found on Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, ad YouTube; 2) branded beverages, fast food, and candy/chocolate comprise the majority (72%) of ads; and 3) the most powerful techniques for attracting teens attention are visual style, special offer and theme. In 40% of advertisements submitted, teenagers used only one indicator to identify "teen-targeted", although older teenagers (ages 15-17) were more likely to report multiple indicators per ad. This study provides important insights into the platforms targeting teenagers (and their relative importance), the food products endorsed, and the specific appeals that teenagers find persuasive. For the purposes of monitoring, it is helpful to know that digital platforms comprise the majority of teen-directed food promotions, and that the Big Food brands have been joined by countless smaller players to sell food to teens. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Elliott, Charlene AU - Elliott C AD - University of Calgary, Communication, Media and Film, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: celliott@ucalgary.ca. FAU - Truman, Emily AU - Truman E AD - University of Calgary, Communication, Media and Film, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: emily.truman@ucalgary.ca. FAU - Black, Jason Edward AU - Black JE AD - University of Calgary, Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. Electronic address: jason.black@ucalgary.ca. LA - eng GR - CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230404 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - *Community-Based Participatory Research MH - *Advertising MH - Food Industry MH - Food MH - Marketing/methods MH - Beverages MH - Fast Foods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food marketing OT - Max. 6): Adolescence OT - Monitoring OT - Policy OT - Power OT - Teenager EDAT- 2023/04/06 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/26 06:42 CRDT- 2023/04/05 19:22 PHST- 2022/12/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/26 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/04/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/04/05 19:22 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(23)00103-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106550 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2023 Jul 1;186:106550. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106550. Epub 2023 Apr 4. PMID- 37018855 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230426 LR - 20250626 IS - 1090-2414 (Electronic) IS - 0147-6513 (Linking) VI - 256 DP - 2023 May TI - Melamine in Iranian foodstuffs: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and health risk assessment of infant formula. PG - 114854 LID - S0147-6513(23)00358-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114854 [doi] AB - The presence of melamine in food is one of the most significant threats to consumer health and food safety now confronting the communities. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the melamine content of different food products available on the Iranian market. The pooled melamine concentration (95% confidence interval) on 484 samples of animal-based foodstuffs was as follows: 0.22 (0.08, 0.36 mg kg(-1)) for milk, 0.39 (0.25, 0.53 mg kg(-1)) for coffee mate, 1.45 (1.36, 1.54 mg kg(-1)) for dairy cream, 0.90 (0.50, 1.29 mg kg(-1)) for yoghurt, 1.25 (1.20, 1.29 mg kg(-1)) for cheese, 0.81 (-0.16, 1.78 mg kg(-1)) for hen eggs, 1.28 (1.25, 1.31 mg kg(-1)) for poultry meat, 0.58 (0.35, 0.80 mg kg(-1)) for chocolates, and 0.98 (0.18, 1.78 mg kg(-1)) for infant formula. Based on the results of health risk assessment study on toddlers under 2 years old who ingested infant formula (as a melamine-sensitive group), all groups of toddlers are at an acceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk (THQ /= 300. We used logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs [95% confidence intervals]). Analyses for defects with >/=5 exposed case children were adjusted for maternal race/ethnicity, age at delivery, body mass index, early pregnancy cigarette smoking and alcohol use, and study site. RESULTS: Our analysis included 30,285 case and 11,502 control children, with mothers of 52% and 54%, respectively, reporting consuming <100 mg caffeine, and 11% of mothers of both cases and controls reported consuming >/=300 mg per day. Low (10 to <100 mg/day) levels of prepregnancy caffeine consumption were associated with statistically significant increases in aORs (1.2-1.7) for 10 defects. Associations with high (>/=300 mg/day) levels of caffeine were generally weaker, except for craniosynostosis and aortic stenosis (aORs = 1.3 [1.1-1.6], 1.6 [1.1-2.3]). CONCLUSIONS: Given the large number of estimates generated, some of the statistically significant results may be due to chance and thus the weakly increased aORs should be interpreted cautiously. This study supports previous observations suggesting lack of evidence for meaningful associations between caffeine consumption and the studied birth defects. CI - (c) 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA. FAU - Williford, Eva M AU - Williford EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3609-5665 AD - Birth Defects Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA. FAU - Howley, Meredith M AU - Howley MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8420-5040 AD - Birth Defects Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA. FAU - Fisher, Sarah C AU - Fisher SC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4702-1007 AD - Birth Defects Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA. FAU - Conway, Kristin M AU - Conway KM AD - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. FAU - Romitti, Paul A AU - Romitti PA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5393-9984 AD - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. FAU - Reeder, Matthew R AU - Reeder MR AD - Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. FAU - Olshan, Andrew F AU - Olshan AF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9115-5128 AD - Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Reefhuis, Jennita AU - Reefhuis J AD - National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. FAU - Browne, Marilyn L AU - Browne ML AD - Birth Defects Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA. CN - National Birth Defects Prevention Study LA - eng GR - CDP 13-003/HX/HSRD VA/United States GR - EP-D-18-001/EPA/EPA/United States GR - P30 ES005605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 DD001227/DD/NCBDD CDC HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. DEP - 20230321 PL - United States TA - Birth Defects Res JT - Birth defects research JID - 101701004 RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) SB - IM MH - Pregnancy MH - Female MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *Caffeine/adverse effects MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Diet MH - Mothers MH - *Craniosynostoses PMC - PMC12884341 MID - NIHMS2135006 OTO - NOTNLM OT - birth defects OT - caffeine OT - coffee OT - soda OT - tea COIS- Conflict of Interest Statement: The authors report no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2023/03/22 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/15 06:42 PMCR- 2026/02/09 CRDT- 2023/03/21 05:12 PHST- 2023/02/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/15 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/21 05:12 [entrez] PHST- 2026/02/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1002/bdr2.2171 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Birth Defects Res. 2023 May 15;115(9):921-932. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.2171. Epub 2023 Mar 21. PMID- 36941961 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230322 IS - 2590-1575 (Electronic) IS - 2590-1575 (Linking) VI - 18 DP - 2023 Jun 30 TI - Investigation of cocoa and cinnamon effect on acrylamide formation in cakes production using GC/MS method: A risk assessment study. PG - 100629 LID - 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100629 [doi] LID - 100629 AB - This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of cinnamon and cocoa on the formation of acrylamide in cake samples and their carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks. The cake samples were prepared using alkaline extraction, xanthidrol derivative and micro-extraction, then injected into a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify acrylamide. The maximum and minimum mean concentration of acrylamide among samples was related to the cinnamon cakes (212.28 ng/g) and the cocoa cake samples (10.14 ng/g), respectively. Acrylamide concentration for unflavored samples, cinnamon cake samples and cocoa cake samples were 61.86 ng/g, 169.38-212.28 ng/g and 10.14-44.64 ng/g, respectively. Human health risk assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) indicated that the target hazard quotient and incremental lifetime cancer due to ingestion of acrylamide formation in cake samples for adults and children were in the acceptable limits (THQ > 1 and CR > 1E-4). In conclusion, cocoa flavor was able to decrease the concentration of acrylamide in cakes. According to the results, it is necessary to measure the amount of acrylamide in consumer cakes by regulatory organizations. CI - (c) 2023 The Author(s). FAU - Aghvami, Monika AU - Aghvami M AD - Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Mohammadi, Abdorreza AU - Mohammadi A AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Khaniki, Gholamreza Jahed AU - Khaniki GJ AD - Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Ahmadi, Mehdi AU - Ahmadi M AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Moazzen, Mojtaba AU - Moazzen M AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Arabameri, Majid AU - Arabameri M AD - Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Organization, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Shariatifar, Nabi AU - Shariatifar N AD - Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230305 PL - Netherlands TA - Food Chem X JT - Food chemistry: X JID - 101751436 PMC - PMC10023898 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acrylamide OT - Cake OT - Flavors OT - GC-MS OT - Health risk assessment OT - Maillard reactions COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/03/22 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/22 06:01 PMCR- 2023/03/05 CRDT- 2023/03/21 02:09 PHST- 2022/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/03/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/03/21 02:09 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2590-1575(23)00071-8 [pii] AID - 100629 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100629 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Food Chem X. 2023 Mar 5;18:100629. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100629. eCollection 2023 Jun 30. PMID- 36863533 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230526 LR - 20230528 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 186 DP - 2023 Jul 1 TI - Music as an alternative self-regulation strategy to snack foods following a negative mood induction in 5-7-year-old children: Interactions with parental use of food as a reward. PG - 106517 LID - S0195-6663(23)00070-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106517 [doi] AB - This study aimed to extend studies that have looked at snack food consumption following a negative mood induction, and examine whether listening to a happy song would counteract these effects in children. A second aim was to examine whether parental feeding practices (use of food as a reward and the use of food to regulate emotions) and child Body Mass Index (BMI) would moderate any differences. Eighty 5-7-year-old children took part in a negative mood induction and were then assigned to either a happy music condition or a silent control condition. The weight (g) consumed of four snack foods was measured (fruit hearts, crisps, chocolate biscuits, and breadsticks). Parents filled in baseline measures of feeding practices. There were no significant differences in food consumption between conditions. There was, however, a significant interaction between the high use of food as a reward and the condition on the amount of food eaten. In particular, following a negative -mood induction, those children whose parents reported using food as a reward and who were in the silent condition ate significantly more snack foods. There were no significant interactions with child BMI or with parental use of food to regulate emotions. This research suggests that the use of certain parental strategies may influence how children respond to novel emotion regulation techniques. Further research is needed to evaluate the best types of music to regulate emotions in children, and whether parents can be encouraged to replace maladaptive feeding practices with more adaptive non-food practices. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Coulthard, Helen AU - Coulthard H AD - Division of Psychology, The Gateway, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: hcoulthard@dmu.ac.uk. FAU - Van den Tol, Annemieke J M AU - Van den Tol AJM AD - School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, Brayford Wharf East, Lincoln, LN5 7AY, United Kingdom. FAU - Jeffers, Shavez AU - Jeffers S AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, George Davies Centre, University Rd, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom. FAU - Ryan, Sean AU - Ryan S AD - School of Psychology, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby, DE22 1GB, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230301 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Snacks/psychology MH - *Music MH - Child Behavior/psychology MH - Parents/psychology MH - *Emotional Regulation MH - Reward OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Emotional eating OT - Emotional regulation OT - Music OT - Reward COIS- Declaration of competing interest There is no conflict of interest for any of the authors. EDAT- 2023/03/03 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/26 06:42 CRDT- 2023/03/02 19:25 PHST- 2022/08/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/26 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/02 19:25 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(23)00070-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106517 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2023 Jul 1;186:106517. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106517. Epub 2023 Mar 1. PMID- 36849700 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230823 LR - 20230823 IS - 1745-4603 (Electronic) IS - 0022-4901 (Linking) VI - 54 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Aug TI - Understanding the relationship between orofacial structures and feeding habits of preschoolers: A multivariate analysis. PG - 470-480 LID - 10.1111/jtxs.12748 [doi] AB - The understanding of the relationship between orofacial structures and feeding habits in preschoolers is helpful for health professionals and those dedicated to food science. The hypothesis tested was whether this relationship is already present even at a very young age. This cross-sectional study included 91 healthy caries-free children (50 girls/41 boys; 3.4-6.2 years; mean 4.1 years) and a comprehensive evaluation of the stomatognathic system was performed: dietary intake, facial and occlusal morphology, gustatory sensitivity, bite and lip forces, and orofacial myofunctional aspects (mastication, swallowing and breathing functions). Principal component analysis summarized the variables related to the form and function of the orofacial aspects; further, K-means analysis identified two clusters of participants with similar aspects. Cluster 1 ("Low orofacial myofunctional functioning"; n = 51) was characterized by children who showed the worst performance of mastication, swallowing and breathing functions and whose parents reported the consumption of sweets, cookies, chocolate, but not fresh fruits the day before, in addition to the higher bottle-feeding and pacifier use duration. This cluster also showed higher sweet taste threshold. Cluster 2 ("High orofacial myofunctional functioning"; n = 40) showed lower bottle-feeding and pacifier use duration, higher gustatory sensitivity, greater maxillo-mandibular dimensions, and better orofacial function performance. The variables sex and BMI did not associate to clusters profile. The frequencies of open bite and current sucking habit (pacifier) also differed between clusters. The results showed that an association between form and function of the structures that comprise the stomatognathic system and dietary intake is already present in children with primary dentition. CI - (c) 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Scudine, Kelly Guedes Oliveira de AU - Scudine KGO AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - de Moraes, Kizzy Nascimento AU - de Moraes KN AD - Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Miyagui, Sania Aparecida AU - Miyagui SA AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Lamy, Elsa AU - Lamy E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9370-1337 AD - MED Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development and CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade de Evora, Evora, Portugal. FAU - Lopes, Mariana Fernandes AU - Lopes MF AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Mamani, Maribel Hilasaca AU - Mamani MH AD - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil. FAU - Castelo, Paula Midori AU - Castelo PM AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230309 PL - England TA - J Texture Stud JT - Journal of texture studies JID - 0252052 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Bottle Feeding MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Fruit MH - *Habits MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Child, Preschool OTO - NOTNLM OT - eating OT - mastication OT - preschool child OT - stomatognathic system EDAT- 2023/03/01 06:00 MHDA- 2023/08/08 06:42 CRDT- 2023/02/28 00:08 PHST- 2022/11/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/08/08 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/28 00:08 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jtxs.12748 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Texture Stud. 2023 Aug;54(4):470-480. doi: 10.1111/jtxs.12748. Epub 2023 Mar 9. PMID- 36839369 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230228 LR - 20261001 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Feb 17 TI - Secondary School Students and Caffeine: Consumption Habits, Motivations, and Experiences. LID - 10.3390/nu15041011 [doi] LID - 1011 AB - Adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of caffeine due to a lack of tolerance, their small size, changing brain physiology, and increasing independence. Concerns about adolescent caffeine consumption relate to potentially serious physiological and psychological effects following consumption. Motivations driving caffeine intake are not well understood among adolescents but are important to understand to reduce harmful behavioural patterns. This study explored caffeine consumption habits (sources, amount, frequency) of New Zealand adolescents; and factors motivating caffeine consumption and avoidance. The previously validated caffeine consumption habits questionnaire (CaffCo) was completed by 216 participants (15-18 years), with most (94.9%) consuming at least one caffeinated product daily. Chocolate, coffee, tea, and kola drinks were the most consumed sources. The median caffeine intake was 68 mg.day(-1). Gender (boy) and being employed influenced the source, but not the quantity of caffeine consumed. One-fifth (21.2%) of adolescents consumed more than the recommended European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) safe level (3 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)). Taste, energy, and temperature were the main motivators for consumption, and increased energy, excitement, restlessness, and sleep disturbances were reported effects following caffeine consumption. This study provides information on caffeinated product consumption among New Zealand adolescents, some of whom consumed caffeine above the EFSA safe level. Public health initiatives directed at adolescents may be important to reduce potential caffeine-related harm. FAU - Turner, Sophie AU - Turner S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7024-6132 AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. FAU - Ali, Ajmol AU - Ali A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6093-1435 AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. AD - Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. FAU - Wham, Carol AU - Wham C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5136-1346 AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. AD - Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. FAU - Rutherfurd-Markwick, Kay AU - Rutherfurd-Markwick K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8815-3786 AD - Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. AD - School of Health Sciences, Massey University Auckland 0632, New Zealand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230217 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) RN - 0 (Coffee) SB - IM MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - *Caffeine MH - Motivation MH - Coffee MH - Students/psychology MH - Schools MH - *Energy Drinks/analysis PMC - PMC9965339 OTO - NOTNLM OT - New Zealand OT - adolescents OT - adverse effect OT - caffeine OT - consumption patterns OT - energy drinks COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/03 06:00 PMCR- 2023/02/17 CRDT- 2023/02/25 04:09 PHST- 2022/12/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/25 04:09 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu15041011 [pii] AID - nutrients-15-01011 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu15041011 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2023 Feb 17;15(4):1011. doi: 10.3390/nu15041011. PMID- 36833869 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230228 LR - 20231117 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Feb 11 TI - Estimated Dietary Fluoride Intake by 24-Month-Olds from Chocolate Bars, Cookies, Infant Cereals, and Chocolate Drinks in Brazil. LID - 10.3390/ijerph20043175 [doi] LID - 3175 AB - The use of fluoride (F) in the prevention of dental caries is established. However, a high amount of F intake during tooth development can cause dental fluorosis The aim of this study was to analyze variations in F concentrations in chocolate bars (CB), chocolate cookies (CC), infant cereals (IC), and chocolate milk drinks (CD) to determine the daily intake of F from different sources by children at the age of risk for developing dental fluorosis. Distinct brands of CB, CC, IC, and CD were analyzed. Fluoride was separated by hexamethyldisiloxane-facilitated diffusion. Analysis was made in triplicate with an F ion-specific electrode. F ingestion (mg/kg body weight) was evaluated with the suggested consumption (0.05-0.07 mg/kg/day) for children aged 24 months (12 kg). The concentrations for all the analyzed products ranged from 0.025 to 1.827 microg/g F. The mean (range) F concentrations were CB= 0.210 +/- 0.205 microg/g (0.073-0.698, n = 8), CC = 0.366 +/- 0.416 microg/g (0.320-1.827, n = 9), IC = 0.422 +/- 0.395 microg/g (0.073-1.061, n = 5), and CD = 0.169 +/- 0.170 microg/mL (0.025-0.443, n = 12). The products that had the highest concentration in the categories CB, CC, IC, and CD, respectively, were Nescau-Ball (0.698 microg/g), Passatempo (1.827 microg/g), Milnutri (1.061 microg/g), and Toddynho (0.443 microg/mL). The consumption of only one unit of Toddynho (CD) is equivalent to more than 11% of the maximum suggested daily intake for a 24-month-old child (0.07 mg/kg body weight). When one product from each category is consumed together only once a day, this consumption is equivalent to approximately 24% of the suggested daily intake of fluoride for a 24-month-old child. The presence of high levels of fluoride in certain products suggests that they play a significant role in overall fluoride intake. It is crucial to closely monitor the fluoride content of food and drinks that are consumed by children who are at risk for dental fluorosis, and for product labels to clearly display the fluoride concentrations. FAU - Araujo, Tamara Teodoro AU - Araujo TT AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Moraes, Samanta Mascarenhas AU - Moraes SM AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Carvalho, Thamyris de Souza AU - Carvalho TS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8628-9524 AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Grizzo, Larissa Tercilia AU - Grizzo LT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1469-5224 AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Buzalaf, Marilia Afonso Rabelo AU - Buzalaf MAR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5985-3951 AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230211 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 RN - Q80VPU408O (Fluorides) SB - IM MH - Child MH - Infant MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Fluorides/analysis MH - *Fluorosis, Dental MH - Edible Grain/chemistry MH - *Chocolate MH - Brazil MH - *Dental Caries/complications MH - *Cacao MH - Eating MH - Body Weight PMC - PMC9965682 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chocolate cookies OT - chocolate milk OT - dental fluorosis OT - fluoride intake OT - infant cereal COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/03 06:00 PMCR- 2023/02/11 CRDT- 2023/02/25 02:24 PHST- 2022/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/25 02:24 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph20043175 [pii] AID - ijerph-20-03175 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph20043175 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 11;20(4):3175. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043175. PMID- 36832319 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230228 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Jan 19 TI - Dietary Intake by Toddlers and Preschool Children: Preliminary Results from a Michigan Cohort. LID - 10.3390/children10020190 [doi] LID - 190 AB - Identifying the consumption patterns of toddlers and preschool children is critical to evaluating their potential for healthy development and future heath trajectories. The purpose of this longitudinal cohort study was to describe breastfeeding, nutritional trends, and dietary diversity in 12-to-36-month-old children in a Michigan cohort. Mothers completed surveys when their children were 12 (n = 44), 24 (n = 46) and 36 months old (n = 32). Mothers reported their child's dietary intake in the past 24 h and intake of specific foods in the past year. About 95% of 12-to-24-month-old children in the study population were ever breastfed, with 70% consuming human milk at 6 months and just over 40% at 12 months. Over 90% of participants gave their child a bottle since birth, with 75% providing human milk and 69% giving formula. Consumption of juice significantly increased with age and ~55% of the 36-month-old children consumed juice. A larger proportion of children consumed soda, chocolate, and candy as they aged. Though dietary diversity numerically increased with child age, this did not reach significance. Gut microbiota composition and structure was not associated with diet diversity. This research lays the foundation for future work to determine which nutritional interventions may be most effective in this population. FAU - JaBaay, Natalie R AU - JaBaay NR AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. FAU - Nel, Nikita H AU - Nel NH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5409-7691 AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. FAU - Comstock, Sarah S AU - Comstock SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3107-7652 AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. LA - eng GR - professorial assistant, research assistantship/Michigan State University/ GR - investigator grant/CHARM/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230119 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC9955406 OTO - NOTNLM OT - breastfeeding OT - dietary diversity OT - infants OT - microbiota OT - nutritional guidelines COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/26 06:01 PMCR- 2023/01/19 CRDT- 2023/02/25 01:52 PHST- 2022/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/25 01:52 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children10020190 [pii] AID - children-10-00190 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children10020190 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2023 Jan 19;10(2):190. doi: 10.3390/children10020190. PMID- 36831884 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230228 IS - 2076-3425 (Print) IS - 2076-3425 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3425 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 2 DP - 2023 Feb 17 TI - Anhedonia in Relation to Reward and Effort Learning in Young People with Depression Symptoms. LID - 10.3390/brainsci13020341 [doi] LID - 341 AB - Anhedonia, a central depression symptom, is associated with impairments in reward processing. However, it is not well understood which sub-components of reward processing (anticipation, motivation, consummation, and learning) are impaired in association with anhedonia in depression. In particular, it is unclear how learning about different rewards and the effort needed to obtain them might be associated with anhedonia and depression symptoms. Therefore, we examined learning in young people (N = 132, mean age 20, range 17-25 yrs.) with a range of depression and anhedonia symptoms using a probabilistic instrumental learning task. The task required participants to learn which options to choose to maximize their reward outcomes across three conditions (chocolate taste, puppy images, or money) and to minimize the physical effort required to obtain the rewards. Additionally, we collected questionnaire measures of anticipatory and consummatory anhedonia, as well as subjective reports of "liking", "wanting" and "willingness to exert effort" for the rewards used in the task. We found that as anticipatory anhedonia increased, subjective liking and wanting of rewards decreased. Moreover, higher anticipatory anhedonia was significantly associated with lower reward learning accuracy, and participants demonstrated significantly higher reward learning than effort learning accuracy. To our knowledge, this is the first study observing an association of anhedonia with reward liking, wanting, and learning when reward and effort learning are measured simultaneously. Our findings suggest an impaired ability to learn from rewarding outcomes could contribute to anhedonia in young people. Future longitudinal research is needed to confirm this and reveal the specific aspects of reward learning that predict anhedonia. These aspects could then be targeted by novel anhedonia interventions. FAU - Frey, Anna-Lena AU - Frey AL AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6AL, UK. FAU - Kaya, M Siyabend AU - Kaya MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9614-249X AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6AL, UK. AD - Department of Psychology, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri 38080, Turkey. FAU - Adeniyi, Irina AU - Adeniyi I AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6AL, UK. FAU - McCabe, Ciara AU - McCabe C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8704-3473 AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6AL, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230217 PL - Switzerland TA - Brain Sci JT - Brain sciences JID - 101598646 PMC - PMC9953984 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anhedonia OT - depression OT - effort OT - learning OT - reward OT - youth COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/26 06:01 PMCR- 2023/02/17 CRDT- 2023/02/25 01:45 PHST- 2022/12/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/02/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/25 01:45 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - brainsci13020341 [pii] AID - brainsci-13-00341 [pii] AID - 10.3390/brainsci13020341 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Sci. 2023 Feb 17;13(2):341. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13020341. PMID- 36771267 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230214 LR - 20260127 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Jan 21 TI - Added Sugar Consumption in Spanish Children (7-12 y) and Nutrient Density of Foods Contributing to Such Consumption: An Observational Study. LID - 10.3390/nu15030560 [doi] LID - 560 AB - BACKGROUND: Diets rich in free sugars are associated with an increased risk of obesity. The aim of the present study is to estimate the intake of added sugars in the population of Spanish children and analyze the quality of the foods that contribute to this intake. METHODS: An observational study was conducted to collect self-reported information on weekly food consumption in 1775 Spanish children (7-12 years). Nutrient contents were obtained from different databases. Two nutritional density indices were constructed taking into account all nutrients provided and compared with two previously described indices. RESULTS: The average consumption of added sugars in Spanish children was 55.7 +/- 1.0 g/day. The products that most contributed to added sugar intake were biscuits (13.3%), cocoa powder (11.1%), sweetened yogurts (9.9%), and dairy desserts (8.6%). Among these, dairy products had considerable nutritional value. Parents' perception of nutritional value was not aligned with the actual nutritional value. CONCLUSION: The consumption of added sugars was higher than recommended. Public awareness efforts should focus on: (1) the reduction of consumption of low-nutritional quality products containing high amounts of added sugars; (2) the industrial reformulation of most consumed products to reduce sugar content and increase valuable nutrients; and (3) nutritional education. FAU - Palma-Morales, Marta AU - Palma-Morales M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1612-9218 AD - Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18071 Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Physiology, Campus de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain. FAU - Mesa-Garcia, Maria Dolores AU - Mesa-Garcia MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4079-6464 AD - Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18071 Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy Faculty, Campus de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain. AD - Institute for Biosanitary Research ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain. AD - Primary Care promotion of Maternal, Child and Women's Health for Prevention of Adult Chronic Diseases Network (RD21/0012/0008), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Huertas, Jesus R AU - Huertas JR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7446-0857 AD - Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18071 Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Physiology, Campus de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study DEP - 20230121 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Sugars) RN - 0 (Nutrients) RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Sugars MH - *Food MH - Diet MH - Nutrients MH - Dietary Sugars MH - Energy Intake PMC - PMC9921831 OTO - NOTNLM OT - added sugars OT - childhood obesity OT - children nutrition OT - nutritional quality index COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/02/12 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/15 06:00 PMCR- 2023/01/21 CRDT- 2023/02/11 01:37 PHST- 2022/12/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/01/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/01/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/11 01:37 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu15030560 [pii] AID - nutrients-15-00560 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu15030560 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2023 Jan 21;15(3):560. doi: 10.3390/nu15030560. PMID- 36681843 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230124 LR - 20230202 IS - 1476-0711 (Electronic) IS - 1476-0711 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan 21 TI - Asymptomatic nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage, multi-drug resistance pattern and associated factors among primary school children at Debre Berhan town, North Shewa, Ethiopia. PG - 9 LID - 10.1186/s12941-023-00557-3 [doi] LID - 9 AB - BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carriage of bacteria is the main source for transmission of pathogens across individuals and horizontal spread of organisms in the community. It is an important risk factor for the acquisition of community-acquired respiratory tract infection. It is the major public health problem among children. The asymptomatic carriage of nasopharyngeal bacteria is different globally, particularly in Africa, carriage is higher in children and decreases with increasing age, 63.2% in children less than 5 years, 42.6% in children 5-15 years, and 28.0% in adults older than 15 years. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study was to determine asymptomatic nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage, multi-drug resistance pattern and associated factors among primary school children at Debre Berhan town, North Shewa, Ethiopia. METHODS: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Berhan town primary schools from February 1 to April 30, 2021. Primarily, the schools were stratified into two strata, public and private primary schools. From a total of sixteen government and fourteen private primary schools, five government and five private schools were selected by using a simple random sampling technique. Socio-demographic variables and potential risk factors were assessed using a structured questionnaire. A total of 384 nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected using sterile swabs aseptically; and inoculated on Blood agar, Chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and Mannitol salt agar. The colony was characterized to isolate bacteria, and bacterial identification was performed by Gram reaction, hemolysis patterns, colonial characteristics and pigmentation, catalase test, coagulase test, mannitol fermentation test, oxidase test, fermentation of carbohydrates, H(2)S production, motility, formation of indole, triple sugar iron agar (TSI), citrate utilization, lysine decarboxylase or methyl red vogues proskur utilization, urea hydrolysis and satellitism tests. Antimicrobial sensitivity tests were performed by using modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Data were entered into statistical package Epi data 4.0.0.6 and transferred to and analyzed using SPSS software version-23. P value of < 0.05 with Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage of bacterial isolate was 35.7% (95% CI 30.7-40.7%). The predominant isolates were Staphylococcus aureus 54.5% followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus 35.8%, and Streptococcus pyogens 4.5%. Most bacterial isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, nitrofurantoin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin; and the overall multidrug resistance pattern of isolated bacteria was 62.03% out of 137 bacterial isolates. Numbers of rooms 5 members [AOR = 2.17, 95%CI 1.24-3.81], and number of students in the classroom [AOR = 2.35,95%CI 1.37-4.02] were statistically significant associated risk factors for nasopharyngeal bacteria carriage. CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic nasopharyngeal bacteria carriage in children is alarming for community-acquired infection. The overall multidrug resistance was very high. The risk of the carriage was increased with having a history of passive smoking, being in large family size and number of students per class. Longitudinal follow-up studies would be helpful for better understanding the infection risk in bacterial pathogen carriers. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Belayhun, Chernet AU - Belayhun C AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Mehal Meda Hospital, North Showa, Ethiopia. FAU - Tilahun, Mihret AU - Tilahun M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2343-2119 AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. tilahunmihret21@gmail.com. FAU - Seid, Abdurahaman AU - Seid A AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Shibabaw, Agumas AU - Shibabaw A AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Sharew, Bekele AU - Sharew B AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Belete, Melaku Ashagrie AU - Belete MA AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. FAU - Demsiss, Wondmagegn AU - Demsiss W AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230121 PL - England TA - Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob JT - Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials JID - 101152152 RN - 9002-18-0 (Agar) RN - 0 (Coagulase) RN - 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution) RN - 5E8K9I0O4U (Ciprofloxacin) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Child MH - Middle Aged MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Agar MH - *Coagulase MH - *Tobacco Smoke Pollution MH - Nasopharynx/microbiology MH - Ciprofloxacin MH - Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial MH - Staphylococcus aureus MH - Schools MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests PMC - PMC9867853 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antimicrobial susceptibility OT - Asymptomatic OT - Nasopharyngeal carriage OT - Primary school children COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interest in this research work. EDAT- 2023/01/22 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/25 06:00 PMCR- 2023/01/21 CRDT- 2023/01/21 23:25 PHST- 2023/01/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/21 23:25 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12941-023-00557-3 [pii] AID - 557 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12941-023-00557-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2023 Jan 21;22(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12941-023-00557-3. PMID- 36670603 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230124 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Dec 26 TI - Sorry Parents, Children Consume High Amounts of Candy before and after a Meal: Within-Person Comparisons of Children's Candy Intake and Associations with Temperament and Appetite. LID - 10.3390/children10010052 [doi] LID - 52 AB - Candy provides little nutritional value and contributes to children's energy intake from added sugars. Factors influencing children's candy intake remain largely unknown. This study describes children's total candy intake (kcal) before and after a meal and examines associations of candy intake in both conditions with children's temperament and appetite among a predominantly White, highly educated sample. Children (n = 38, age 5-8 years) were given free access to 11 candies (5 chocolate, 6 non-chocolate) and non-food alternatives during a pre-meal and a post-meal condition. Parents completed the Child Behavior Questionnaire and the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Total candy intake was less when offered after a meal (209.3 kcal; SD = 111.25) than before a meal when still hungry (283.6 kcal; SD = 167.3), but not statistically different. Individual differences in candy intake between conditions was calculated to categorize children into three groups: "Better Regulators" consumed more candy before a meal (39%), "Consistent/Poorer Regulators" consumed similar amounts before and after a meal regardless of hunger (32%), and "Most Disinhibited" children consumed more candy after a meal when not hungry (29%). The "Better Regulators" group was lowest in negative affect and the "Consistent/Poorer Regulators" group was highest in food responsiveness. Children's candy intake was high relative to daily energy needs both before and after a meal. Child negative affect and food responsiveness appear to be child characteristics that predispose children to poor self-regulation of candy intake before and after a meal. FAU - Hernandez, Erika AU - Hernandez E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7663-5374 AD - Center for Childhood Obesity Research, 129 Noll Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. FAU - Moore, Amy M AU - Moore AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6935-2379 AD - Center for Childhood Obesity Research, 129 Noll Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. FAU - Rollins, Brandi Y AU - Rollins BY AD - Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, 118 Henderson Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA. FAU - Tovar, Alison AU - Tovar A AD - Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI 02912, USA. FAU - Savage, Jennifer S AU - Savage JS AD - Center for Childhood Obesity Research, 129 Noll Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. LA - eng GR - 2011-67001-30117/National Confectioners Association/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221226 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC9856888 OTO - NOTNLM OT - appetite OT - candy OT - eating in the absence of hunger OT - temperament COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/22 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/22 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/26 CRDT- 2023/01/21 01:01 PHST- 2022/11/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/21 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children10010052 [pii] AID - children-10-00052 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children10010052 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2022 Dec 26;10(1):52. doi: 10.3390/children10010052. PMID- 36643163 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230117 IS - 2231-4040 (Print) IS - 0976-2094 (Electronic) IS - 0976-2094 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - Suppl 1 DP - 2022 Nov TI - Prevalence of class I caries in the second maxillary primary molar in 3-6-year-old children: A retrospective study. PG - S190-S193 LID - 10.4103/japtr.japtr_185_22 [doi] AB - Class I caries is located in the occlusal surface of molars and premolars. Dental care is an international public health challenge, mainly in young group children, as they are easily affected by caries with an increased addiction to sweets and chocolates. Caries begin early in life and progress rapidly and can affect a child in the long-term quality of life. The data were collected from the institutional patient records between June 2015 and February 2021. The details of 6831 pediatric patients were collected, of which 1500 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software (IBM Corp, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0. Armonk, NY). P = 0.005 was set as level of significance. Highest prevalence of caries was seen in male children with P = 0.008 (<0.05), denoting that there is a significant association between gender and number of teeth affected with caries. When age group was considered, the caries prevalence was highest at the age of 4 years and the P value was statistically significant. The prevalence of class I caries in the second maxillary primary right molars was more than the second maxillary primary left molars and within the age group of 4 years. CI - Copyright: (c) 2022 Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research. FAU - Harini, B AU - Harini B AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Gurunathan, Deepa AU - Gurunathan D AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Padmapriya, S AU - Padmapriya S AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221130 PL - India TA - J Adv Pharm Technol Res JT - Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research JID - 101537797 PMC - PMC9836145 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Class I caries OT - innovative technology OT - novel method COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2023/01/17 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/17 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/01 CRDT- 2023/01/16 02:36 PHST- 2022/04/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/16 02:36 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/17 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JAPTR-13-190 [pii] AID - 10.4103/japtr.japtr_185_22 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2022 Nov;13(Suppl 1):S190-S193. doi: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_185_22. Epub 2022 Nov 30. PMID- 36630326 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230113 LR - 20230317 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2023 TI - Advertising expenditures on child-targeted food and beverage products in two policy environments in Canada in 2016 and 2019. PG - e0279275 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0279275 [doi] LID - e0279275 AB - BACKGROUND: The food industry advertises unhealthy foods intended for children which in turn fosters poor diets. This study characterized advertising expenditures on child-targeted products in Canada and compared these expenditures between Quebec, where commercial advertising to children under 13 is restricted, and the rest of Canada, where food advertising to children is self-regulated. METHODS: Advertising expenditures data for 2016 and 2019 for 57 select food categories and five media channels were licensed from Numerator. Products and brands targeted to children were identified based on their nature and the advertising techniques used to promote them. Advertising expenditures were classified as healthy/unhealthy using Health Canada's nutrient profile model. Expenditures per child capita aged 2-12 years were calculated and expenditures from 2016 were adjusted for inflation. Advertising expenditures were described by media, food category, year, and geographic region. RESULTS: Overall, $57.2 million CAD was spent advertising child-targeted products in Canada in 2019. Television accounted for 77% of expenditures followed by digital media (18%), and the food categories with the highest expenditures were candy/chocolate (30%) and restaurants (16%). The totality of expenditures (99.9%-100%) in both Quebec and the rest of Canada in 2016 and 2019 were considered 'unhealthy'. Across all media channels (excluding digital), advertising expenditures were 9% lower in 2019 versus 2016. Advertising expenditures per capita were 32% lower in Quebec ($9.40/capita) compared to the rest of the country ($13.91/capita). CONCLUSION: In Canada, millions are spent promoting child-targeted products considered inappropriate for advertising to children. While per capita advertising expenditures for these products are lower in Quebec compared to the rest of Canada, they remain high, suggesting that Quebec's commercial advertising restrictions directed to children are likely not sufficiently protecting them from unhealthy food advertising. CI - Copyright: (c) 2023 Potvin Kent et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. FAU - Potvin Kent, Monique AU - Potvin Kent M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5049-1106 AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. FAU - Pauze, Elise AU - Pauze E AD - School of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. FAU - Remedios, Lauren AU - Remedios L AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. FAU - Wu, David AU - Wu D AD - Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Soares Guimaraes, Julia AU - Soares Guimaraes J AD - School of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. FAU - Pinto, Adena AU - Pinto A AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. FAU - Bagnato, Mariangela AU - Bagnato M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. FAU - Pritchard, Meghan AU - Pritchard M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. FAU - L'Abbe, Mary AU - L'Abbe M AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Mulligan, Christine AU - Mulligan C AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Vergeer, Laura AU - Vergeer L AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Weippert, Madyson AU - Weippert M AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. LA - eng GR - CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230111 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Advertising MH - *Health Expenditures MH - Internet MH - Food MH - Beverages MH - Canada MH - Television MH - Food Industry MH - Policy PMC - PMC9833551 COIS- I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: In 2018, EP received a small honorarium from the Stop Marketing to Kids Coalition, a coalition of non-governmental health organizations, for reviewing policy recommendations and supporting evidence. In 2020, EP, JS and CM were also employed by Health Canada, on a casual basis, to support research on food marketing in Canada. EDAT- 2023/01/12 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/14 06:00 PMCR- 2023/01/11 CRDT- 2023/01/11 13:33 PHST- 2022/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/01/11 13:33 [entrez] PHST- 2023/01/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-22-17961 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0279275 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2023 Jan 11;18(1):e0279275. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279275. eCollection 2023. PMID- 36629571 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230122 LR - 20230122 IS - 1678-4561 (Electronic) IS - 1413-8123 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan TI - Does early fruit juice introduction influence anthropometric outcomes and food consumption at preschool age? PG - 269-280 LID - S1413-81232023000100269 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1413-81232023281.09992022 [doi] AB - The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of fruit juice consumption before 6 months of age on Body Mass Index-for-age (BMI-for-age) and food consumption in preschoolers. We conducted a longitudinal study with mothers and their children (n=103) at 6 months and 3-6 years. Weight and height were measured and converted into BMI-for-age z-scores. Food consumption was analyzed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire for Children. Groups were compared using the chi-squared and Student's t-tests. No differences in anthropometric measurements were found at preschool age between children who had been given fruit juice before 6 months and those who had not. Consumption of artificial juice (>/=once/day) and sandwich cookies at preschool age was higher in children with early introduction of fruit juice (60% of students indicated that they changed their breakfast intake habits by the end of the endocrinology module. These findings show that the beneficial effects of authentic teaching approaches may elicit relatively long-lasting changes in terms of breakfast behavioral patterns in young people and that such effects may also impact the broader society.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study introduced an authentic learning exercise (endocrinology practical exercise) to undergraduate biology students and ascertained whether it changed their views regarding the nature and regularity of breakfast meals. Here, many altered their breakfast dietary habits, which persisted even after the completion of their module. Authentic teaching approaches can therefore trigger relatively long-lasting changes in terms of breakfast behavioral patterns in young people and may also impact the broader society. FAU - Dorsemans, Anne-Claire AU - Dorsemans AC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8651-9692 AD - INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabete atherothrombose Therapies Reunion Ocean Indien (DeTROI), plateforme CYROI, Universite de La Reunion, Saint Denis de La Reunion, France. FAU - Essop, M Faadiel AU - Essop MF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8434-4294 AD - Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Bourdon, Emmanuel AU - Bourdon E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3731-150X AD - INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabete atherothrombose Therapies Reunion Ocean Indien (DeTROI), plateforme CYROI, Universite de La Reunion, Saint Denis de La Reunion, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221222 PL - United States TA - Adv Physiol Educ JT - Advances in physiology education JID - 100913944 RN - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - *Breakfast MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Students MH - Universities MH - Glucose OTO - NOTNLM OT - authentic learning OT - endocrinology OT - self-reflection OT - societal impact OT - undergraduate students EDAT- 2022/12/23 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/21 06:00 CRDT- 2022/12/22 08:52 PHST- 2022/12/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/22 08:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1152/advan.00117.2021 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Adv Physiol Educ. 2023 Mar 1;47(1):93-96. doi: 10.1152/advan.00117.2021. Epub 2022 Dec 22. PMID- 36511255 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221214 LR - 20221221 IS - 2228-7809 (Electronic) IS - 2228-7795 (Print) IS - 2228-7795 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Dec 28 TI - Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Food Items Preferred by Adolescents under the Influence of Television Advertisements. PG - e00539 LID - 10.34172/jrhs.2022.74 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Food and beverage advertisements on television play a significant role in food preferences, especially among children and adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate foods and beverages advertised on television and purchased by adolescents or their families using the World Health Organization (WHO) nutrient profiling model. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 2,699 students (1380 males and 1319 females) aged 11-16 in Ankara, Turkey, in 2015. Socio-demographic characteristics, television-viewing habits, and the tendency to purchase foods and beverages under the influence of TV advertisements were recorded. The body weight and height were measured by the researchers. All reported food and beverage items (n = 284) were evaluated and classified as permitted or not permitted to advertise, according to the WHO nutrient profile model (2015). RESULTS: The majority (69.8%) of students were underweight/normal weight, whereas 13.3% and 16.9% were classified as overweight and obese, respectively. A total of 69.6% of adolescents declared that they were influenced by food advertisements, and 66.4% bought those foods. The most purchased products included cakes and sweet biscuits (63.8%), chocolate and confectionery (44.9%), savory snacks (39.6%), and soft drinks (25.4%). Only 8.5% of all the advertised products (n = 284) were permitted to be advertised, according to the WHO nutrient profile model (2015). Dairy products, meat products, grains, fruits and vegetables, soup, and some traditional Turkish foods (e.g., cig kofte and Turkish pizza) were permitted. The permitted products were preferred by only 13.6% of the adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Unhealthy foods are advertised on television for adolescents, and food advertisement management may be an essential strategy to provide healthy food choices. FAU - Dikmen, Derya AU - Dikmen D AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Bellikci-Koyu, Ezgi AU - Bellikci-Koyu E AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. AD - Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Izmir, Turkey. FAU - Isgin-Atici, Kubra AU - Isgin-Atici K AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Inan-Eroglu, Elif AU - Inan-Eroglu E AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. elif.inaneroglu@sydney.edu.au. AD - Charles Perkins Centre, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. FAU - Akyol, Asli AU - Akyol A AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Ayaz, Aylin AU - Ayaz A AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Nergiz-Unal, Reyhan AU - Nergiz-Unal R AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Buyuktuncer, Zehra AU - Buyuktuncer Z AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211228 PL - Iran TA - J Res Health Sci JT - Journal of research in health sciences JID - 101480094 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Male MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Advertising MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Television MH - Food MH - Beverages PMC - PMC9315460 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Advertisements OT - Food OT - Television OT - World Health Organization EDAT- 2022/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/28 CRDT- 2022/12/13 05:53 PHST- 2021/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/13 05:53 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6838 [pii] AID - 10.34172/jrhs.2022.74 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Res Health Sci. 2021 Dec 28;22(1):e00539. doi: 10.34172/jrhs.2022.74. PMID- 36478580 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221215 LR - 20230104 IS - 1326-5377 (Electronic) IS - 0025-729X (Linking) VI - 217 IP - 11 DP - 2022 Dec 12 TI - The Paediatric Aussie Chocolate Poo Scale. PG - 591-592 LID - 10.5694/mja2.51779 [doi] FAU - Eslick, Guy D AU - Eslick GD AD - Centre for Research Excellence in Digestive Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW. AD - Clued (Clinical Links using Evidence-based Data), Sydney, NSW. FAU - Eslick, Eloise G AU - Eslick EG AD - Clued (Clinical Links using Evidence-based Data), Sydney, NSW. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Australia TA - Med J Aust JT - The Medical journal of Australia JID - 0400714 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *Chocolate/adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Constipation OT - Gastrointestinal diseases EDAT- 2022/12/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00 CRDT- 2022/12/08 13:10 PHST- 2022/10/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/08 13:10 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.5694/mja2.51779 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Med J Aust. 2022 Dec 12;217(11):591-592. doi: 10.5694/mja2.51779. PMID- 28541650 STAT- Publisher DRDT- 20221208 CTDT- 20170525 PB - University of Washington, Seattle DP - 1993 TI - SLC39A14 Deficiency. BTI - GeneReviews((R)) AB - CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: SLC39A14 deficiency is typically characterized by evidence of delay or loss of motor developmental milestones (e.g., delayed walking, gait disturbance) between ages six months and three years. Early in the disease course, children show axial hypotonia followed by dystonia, spasticity, dysarthria, bulbar dysfunction, and signs of parkinsonism including bradykinesia, hypomimia, and tremor. By the end of the first decade, they develop severe, generalized, pharmaco-resistant dystonia, limb contractures, and scoliosis, and lose independent ambulation. Cognitive impairment appears to be less prominent than motor disability. Some affected children have died in their first decade due to secondary complications such as respiratory infections. One individual with disease onset during the late teens has been reported, suggesting that milder adult presentation can occur. DIAGNOSIS/TESTING: The diagnosis of SLC39A14 deficiency is established in a proband with progressive dystonia-parkinsonism (often combined with other signs such as spasticity and parkinsonian features), characteristic neuroimaging findings, hypermanganesemia, and biallelic pathogenic (or likely pathogenic) variants in SLC39A14 identified on molecular genetic testing. MANAGEMENT: Treatment of manifestations: Symptomatic treatment includes physiotherapy and orthopedic management to prevent contractures and maintain ambulation; use of adaptive aids (walker or wheelchair) for gait abnormalities; and use of assistive communication devices. Support by a speech-language pathologist, feeding specialist, and nutritionist to assure adequate nutrition and to reduce the risk of aspiration. When an adequate oral diet can no longer be maintained, gastrostomy tube placement should be considered. Antispasticity medications (baclofen and botulinum toxin) and L-dopa have had limited success. While chelation therapy with intravenous administration of disodium calcium edetate early in the disease course shows promise, additional studies are warranted. Prevention of primary manifestations: Unknown, but disodium calcium edetate chelation therapy shows promise; additional studies are warranted. Surveillance: At each visit assess growth, swallowing, and diet to assure adequate nutrition; assess development including ambulation and speech; neurologic examination including scoring of movement disorder severity; consider whole-blood manganese levels and brain MRI as available to assess treatment response and disease progression. Agents/circumstances to avoid: Environmental manganese exposure (i.e., contaminated drinking water, occupational manganese exposure in welding/mining industries, contaminated ephedrone preparations). High manganese content of total parenteral nutrition. Foods very high in manganese including: cloves; saffron; nuts; mussels; dark chocolate; pumpkin, sesame, and sunflower seeds. Evaluation of relatives at risk: Molecular genetic testing for the familial SLC39A14 pathogenic variants of apparently asymptomatic younger sibs of an affected individual allows early identification of sibs who would benefit from prompt initiation of treatment and preventive measures. GENETIC COUNSELING: SLC39A14 deficiency is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Heterozygotes (carriers) are asymptomatic and are not at risk of developing the disorder. At conception, each sib of an affected individual has a 25% chance of being affected, a 50% chance of being an asymptomatic carrier, and a 25% chance of being unaffected and not a carrier. Once the SLC39A14 pathogenic variants have been identified in an affected family member, carrier testing of at-risk relatives, prenatal testing for a pregnancy at increased risk, and preimplantation genetic testing are possible. CI - Copyright (c) 1993-2026, University of Washington, Seattle. GeneReviews is a registered trademark of the University of Washington, Seattle. All rights reserved. FED - Adam, Margaret P ED - Adam MP FED - Bick, Sarah ED - Bick S FED - Mirzaa, Ghayda M ED - Mirzaa GM FED - Wallace, Stephanie E ED - Wallace SE FED - Amemiya, Anne ED - Amemiya A FAU - Tuschl, Karin AU - Tuschl K AD - UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom FAU - Gregory, Allison AU - Gregory A AD - Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon FAU - Meyer, Esther AU - Meyer E AD - UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom FAU - Clayton, Peter T AU - Clayton PT AD - UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom FAU - Hayflick, Susan J AU - Hayflick SJ AD - Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon FAU - Mills, Philippa B AU - Mills PB AD - UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom FAU - Kurian, Manju A AU - Kurian MA AD - UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom LA - eng PT - Review PT - Book Chapter PL - Seattle (WA) OTO - NLM OT - SLC39A14-Related Early-Onset Dystonia-Parkinsonism OT - Hypermanganesemia with Dystonia 2 (HMNDYT2) OT - Metal cation symporter ZIP14 OT - SLC39A14 OT - SLC39A14 Deficiency OT - Hypermanganesemia with Dystonia 2 (HMNDYT2) OT - SLC39A14-Related Early-Onset Dystonia-Parkinsonism EDAT- 2022/12/08 00:00 CRDT- 2022/12/08 00:00 AID - NBK431123 [bookaccession] PMID- 36466424 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221206 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2022 TI - Fish oil and probiotics supplementation through milk chocolate improves spatial learning and memory in male Wistar rats. PG - 1023653 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2022.1023653 [doi] LID - 1023653 AB - BACKGROUND: Cognition and brain function is critical through childhood and should be improved with balanced diets. Incorporating bioactive ingredients such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega3 PUFAs) and probiotics into food formulations could be used as an approach to improve cognitive function. This study evaluated the effects on cognitive capacity of complementing rodent diets with chocolate, by itself and in combination with omega3 PUFAs from fish oil and probiotics. METHODS: Spatial learning and memory in the rats were determined by the Barnes maze test in short- and long-term memory. Samples from the cecum were obtained to assess microbial counts (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterobacteriaceae, and total bacteria), and brains were recovered to analyze the neural morphology of the tissues. Also, glucose, brain weights, and epididymal tissue were analyzed. RESULTS: The combination of chocolate with fish oil and probiotics improved the memory of rats compared to the result of each bioactive compound when evaluated separately. Treatments did not affect sugar level, epididymal adipose tissue, or brain weight. On the other hand, consuming probiotics alone or in combination with chocolate decreased Enterobacteria counts, while Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria counts were not affected. Neural morphological analysis showed that combining chocolate with probiotics and omega3 PUFAs increased the number of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions. CONCLUSION: Chocolate added with probiotics and omega3 PUFAs improved spatial memory and learning in the studied model. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Faccinetto-Beltran, Aguirre-Lopez, Banuelos-Pineda, Reza-Zaldivar, Santacruz, Hernandez-Brenes, Perez-Carrillo and Jacobo-Velazquez. FAU - Faccinetto-Beltran, Paulinna AU - Faccinetto-Beltran P AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Zapopan, Jal, Mexico. AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Mexico. FAU - Aguirre-Lopez, Luis Octavio AU - Aguirre-Lopez LO AD - Laboratorio de Morfofisiologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico. FAU - Banuelos-Pineda, Jacinto AU - Banuelos-Pineda J AD - Laboratorio de Morfofisiologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico. FAU - Reza-Zaldivar, Edwin E AU - Reza-Zaldivar EE AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Zapopan, Jal, Mexico. FAU - Santacruz, Arlette AU - Santacruz A AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico. FAU - Hernandez-Brenes, Carmen AU - Hernandez-Brenes C AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico. AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Mexico. FAU - Perez-Carrillo, Esther AU - Perez-Carrillo E AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico. FAU - Jacobo-Velazquez, Daniel A AU - Jacobo-Velazquez DA AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Zapopan, Jal, Mexico. AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221117 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC9712752 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Barnes maze test OT - cognitive capacity OT - gut-brain axis OT - milk chocolate OT - omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids OT - spatial learning and memory COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/06 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/06 06:01 PMCR- 2022/01/01 CRDT- 2022/12/05 04:02 PHST- 2022/08/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/05 04:02 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/06 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2022.1023653 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2022 Nov 17;9:1023653. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1023653. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36466408 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221206 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2022 TI - Association between maternal sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and the social-emotional development of child before 1 year old: A prospective cohort study. PG - 966271 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2022.966271 [doi] LID - 966271 AB - BACKGROUND: Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has become an international public health issue. Adverse effects of sugary beverage consumption on both mother and child during pregnancy continue to be found. However, evidence regarding maternal SSB consumption and social-emotional development of children is lacking. METHODS: Based on the Shenzhen Birth Cohort Study (loss rate: 10.97%), we included 985 mother-infant pairs from 2018 to 2022. All mothers had a singleton live birth without hypertension, diabetes, tumor, or serious immune system disease before pregnancy. We used a chart of frequency distribution to show maternal SSB consumption, including non-diet soda, tea drinks (not 100% tea), fruit drinks, Sugar-sweetened coffee, bubble tea, or cocoa drinks, and total SSBs. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios of the potential delay on social-emotional development of each child was monitored at both 6 months and 12 months of age based on maternal SSB consumption. RESULTS: Among the mothers, 728 (73.91%) drank SSBs <1 time per week, 194 (19.70%) drank SSBs 1-2 times per week, 43 (4.37%) drank SSBs 3-4 times per week, and 20 (2.03%) drank SSBs 5 or more times per week. Children aged 12 months with mothers who drank SSBs five or more times per week during pregnancy had an increased risk of potential delay on social-emotional development compared to those with mothers who drank SSBs less than once per week [odds ratio: 3.08 (1.13-8.39)]. Regarding the specific kinds of SSBs, we found that tea drinks (not 100% tea) were positively associated with potential delay on social-emotional development in children aged 6 months. CONCLUSION: Nearly three-quarters of mothers consumed almost no SSBs during pregnancy. High SSB intake during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of the potential delay on social-emotional development of a child at 6 and 12 months of age. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Gao, Liu, Li, Zhang, Wei, Sun, Zhang and Cai. FAU - Gao, Rui AU - Gao R AD - Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Birth Cohort Study Center, Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. AD - Shenzhen Cadre and Talent Health Institute (Shenzhen Talent Institute), Shenzhen, China. FAU - Liu, Xuemei AU - Liu X AD - Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Birth Cohort Study Center, Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Li, Xiuxiu AU - Li X AD - Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Birth Cohort Study Center, Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Zhang, Yuanxing AU - Zhang Y AD - Shenzhen Cadre and Talent Health Institute (Shenzhen Talent Institute), Shenzhen, China. FAU - Wei, Min AU - Wei M AD - Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Birth Cohort Study Center, Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Sun, Peng AU - Sun P AD - Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Birth Cohort Study Center, Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. FAU - Zhang, Jianan AU - Zhang J AD - Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Birth Cohort Study Center, Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Cai, Li AU - Cai L AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221118 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC9716068 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ASQ-SE OT - birth cohort study OT - pregnancy OT - social-emotional functioning/development OT - sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/06 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/06 06:01 PMCR- 2022/01/01 CRDT- 2022/12/05 04:02 PHST- 2022/06/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/05 04:02 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/06 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2022.966271 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2022 Nov 18;9:966271. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.966271. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36435300 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221227 LR - 20230214 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 181 DP - 2023 Feb 1 TI - Modern pied pipers: Child social media influencers and junk food on YouTube: A study from Germany. PG - 106382 LID - S0195-6663(22)00473-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106382 [doi] AB - Kid influencers (under the age of 13) have profiles on social media platforms and create content to generate views and engagements. To reach young consumers, food companies are increasingly using kid influencers, perceived as highly trustworthy among children of the same age, to promote their (high-calorie) food products. Exposure to such content can lead to an increase in calorie intake. Therefore, this study aimed to identify which foods and beverages are featured in the videos of the four kid influencer channels most popular in Germany and, if possible, which Nutri-Score category these products receive. Of each channel, 50 of the most popular and 50 of the newest videos were analyzed regarding the food and beverage products and brands appearing in the video and the thumbnail. To analyze the number of appearances, each product was categorized as to whether it was branded or unbranded. Where possible, the Nutri-Score was then calculated for each product that appeared. Within the total video sample (N = 373), food and/or beverages appeared in almost 70% of the videos, of which 220 were branded and 178 were unbranded products. Due to incomplete nutrition labels of branded products, only 146 branded products could be analyzed, from which 66% received the worst Nutri-Score categories D and E. The unbranded foods were evaluated using products as similar as possible, of which the majority received Nutri-Score A. The most common brands included McDonald's, Kinder, and Coca-Cola, and the most frequent product categories were chocolate, candy, soft drinks, and fruit. The high number of high-calorie products in the videos shows that kid influencers might be regarded as a risk factor when it comes to childhood obesity. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Meyerding, Stephan G H AU - Meyerding SGH AD - Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Home Economics, HAW Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: stephan.meyerding@haw-hamburg.de. FAU - Marpert, Jasmin D AU - Marpert JD AD - Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Home Economics, HAW Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: jasmin.marpert@haw-hamburg.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221123 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Humans MH - *Social Media MH - *Pediatric Obesity/etiology/prevention & control MH - Food MH - Beverages MH - Vegetables MH - Germany OTO - NOTNLM OT - Advertising OT - Childhood obesity OT - High-calorie food OT - VLog EDAT- 2022/11/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/28 06:00 CRDT- 2022/11/26 19:25 PHST- 2022/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/26 19:25 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(22)00473-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106382 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2023 Feb 1;181:106382. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106382. Epub 2022 Nov 23. PMID- 36426397 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221217 IS - 2092-7355 (Print) IS - 2092-7363 (Electronic) IS - 2092-7355 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 6 DP - 2022 Nov TI - Phenotype of Atopic Dermatitis With Food Allergy Predicts Development of Childhood Asthma via Gut Wnt Signaling. PG - 674-686 LID - 10.4168/aair.2022.14.6.674 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical phenotype. However, specific description of phenotypes of AD depending on the comorbidities in early childhood is lacking. This study aimed to investigate whether the AD phenotype in early childhood is related to childhood asthma and to elucidate the mechanisms involved. METHODS: Data on the first 3 years of life were collected prospectively from 1,699 children in the COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases (COCOA). We applied an unsupervised latent class analysis to the following five factors: food sensitization, inhalant sensitization, food allergy (FA), AD, and recurrent wheezing. The risks of developing FA, AD, allergic rhinitis (AR), and asthma in children aged 5-7 years were evaluated. Colonocyte transcriptome and ingenuity pathway analysis were performed. RESULTS: Four phenotypes were identified; no allergic diseases (78.4%), AD without sensitization (16.4%), FA with AD (2.9%), and AD with sensitization (7.8%). The FA with AD had the highest risk for FA, AR, and asthma and the highest cord blood immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. In AD without sensitization and with sensitization, scoring of AD (SCORAD) in early childhood was higher than in FA with AD. Canonical pathway analysis with the colonocyte transcriptome revealed that the key pathway in FA with AD was 'Wnt/beta-catenin Signaling.' The relative abundance of Wnt6 mRNA was positively correlated with food-specific IgE levels at 1 and 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: When FA is present in various phenotypes of AD at early life, regardless of severity of eczema, it may be associated with gut Wnt signaling and later development of asthma. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology * The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma and Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Sangrok AU - Kim S AD - Department of Information Management, Medical Record Information Team, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kang, Mi Jin AU - Kang MJ AD - Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Song, Kun-Baek AU - Song KB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang Cheonan Hospital, University of Soonchunhyang College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma and Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Jung, Sungsu AU - Jung S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea. FAU - Yoon, Ji-Sun AU - Yoon JS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma and Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. sjhong@amc.seoul.kr. LA - eng GR - NRF-2020R1A2C2012822/National Research Foundation of Korea/Korea GR - 2008-E33030-00/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2009-E33033-00/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2011-E33021-00/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2012-E33012-00/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2013-E51003-00/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2014-E51004-00/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2014-E5 1004-01/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2014-E5 1004-02/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2017-E6 7002-00/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2017-E6 7002-01/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea GR - 2017-E6 7002-02/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency/Korea PT - Journal Article PL - Korea (South) TA - Allergy Asthma Immunol Res JT - Allergy, asthma & immunology research JID - 101518382 PMC - PMC9709687 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma OT - Wnt signaling pathway OT - atopic OT - dermatitis OT - food hypersensitivity OT - latent class analysis OT - phenotype OT - transcriptome COIS- There are no financial or other issues that might lead to conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/11/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/26 06:01 PMCR- 2022/11/01 CRDT- 2022/11/25 03:05 PHST- 2022/07/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/25 03:05 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 14.674 [pii] AID - 10.4168/aair.2022.14.6.674 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2022 Nov;14(6):674-686. doi: 10.4168/aair.2022.14.6.674. PMID- 36395480 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240123 LR - 20240202 IS - 1369-1619 (Electronic) IS - 0960-3123 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan TI - Probabilistic health risk assessment of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and As) in Cocoa powder (Theobroma cacao) in Tehran, Iran market. PG - 257-272 LID - 10.1080/09603123.2022.2146070 [doi] AB - The concentrations of toxic elements were analyzed by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). Moreover, the human health risk was estimated by Total Target Hazard Quotient (TTHQ) and Cancer Risk (CR) in Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) technique. The mean concentrations (mg/kg) of Cd (0.08 +/- 0.08), Pb (0.23 +/- 0.46), and As (0.06 +/- 0.04), were in a good compliance with ISO (Iranian standard organization). TTHQ for adults and children was equal to 0.009 and 0.042, respectively and also mean CR in adults and children consumers was equal to 9.73E-7 and 9.08E-7, respectively. Consequently, the concentration of toxic elements (Cd, Pb, and As) in cocoa powder did not pose any safety concerns. Moreover, probabilistic health risk assessment revealed that both adults and children were not at considerable non-carcinogenic (THQ and/or TTHQ /= 65 years old. A total of 130 (62.8%) bacterial isolates were identified, with Gram-positive bacteria accounting for 78.5% (102/130) of the isolates. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate with a 46.2% (60/130) prevalence. Ciprofloxacin was comparatively effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The prevalence of culture-confirmed bacteria was significantly associated with age groups 15-24 (AOR: 9.18, 95%CI: 1.01-82.80; P = 0.049) and 25-64 (AOR: 7.47, 95%CI: 1.06-52.31; P = 0.043). Being farmer (AOR: 5.33, 95% CI: 1.04-37.33; P = 0.045), previous history of eye surgery (AOR: 5.39, 95% CI: 1.66-17.48; P = 0.005), less frequency of face washing (AOR: 5.32, 95% CI: 1.31-7.23; P = 0.010) and face washing once a day (AOR: 3.07, 95% CI: 1.13-25.13; P = 0.035) were also significantly associated with the prevalence of culture-confirmed bacteria. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of culture-confirmed bacteria among patients with EOI was high in the study area. A considerable proportion of bacterial isolates exhibited mono and/or multi-drug resistance. Age (15-64 years), being farmer, previous history of eye surgery and less frequency of face washing were significantly associated with the prevalence of culture-confirmed bacteria. Bacterial isolation and antibiotic susceptibility testing should be routinely performed in the study area to combat the emergence of antibiotic resistance. FAU - Haile, Zewodie AU - Haile Z AD - Department of Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. FAU - Mengist, Hylemariam Mihiretie AU - Mengist HM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8467-6985 AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. FAU - Dilnessa, Tebelay AU - Dilnessa T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3713-6783 AD - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221103 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) RN - 9002-18-0 (Agar) SB - IM MH - Male MH - Humans MH - Adolescent MH - Young Adult MH - Adult MH - Middle Aged MH - Aged MH - Female MH - *Gram-Positive Bacteria MH - Gram-Negative Bacteria MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Agar/pharmacology MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Bacteria MH - *Eye Infections/drug therapy MH - Hospitals MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests PMC - PMC9632921 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/11/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/08 06:00 PMCR- 2022/11/03 CRDT- 2022/11/03 13:43 PHST- 2022/05/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/11/03 13:43 [entrez] PHST- 2022/11/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-22-13636 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0277230 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2022 Nov 3;17(11):e0277230. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277230. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36307806 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221101 LR - 20221101 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Oct 29 TI - Food insecurity and eating habits of Lebanese children aged 5-11 years during the COVID-19 pandemic and the socioeconomic crisis: a national study. PG - 1982 LID - 10.1186/s12889-022-14387-z [doi] LID - 1982 AB - BACKGROUND: Food insecurity is the lack of access to nutritious healthy food due to economic and financial insufficiencies. Food insecurity is expected to be higher during these difficult times in Lebanon, which is facing many financial, political, economic and health debates. The present study aims to find the prevalence of food insecurity among Lebanese children during the COVID-19 pandemic and its correlates. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 4001 participants from all Lebanese governorates (March-April 2022). The Ministry of Education and Higher Education randomly disseminated the link to parents of children aged between 5 and 11 years from public and private schools. RESULTS: The results showed that 1505 (37.6%) and 1497 (37.4%) had moderate and severe food insecurity. A significantly higher percentage of families with severe food insecurity was reported by fathers compared to mothers. In addition, participants who reported a bad overall health status of their children had a severe food insecurity. Moreover, those with a severe food insecurity had their children's daily snacking habit between meals decreased, with a decreased quantity of meals, intake of vegetables/fruits, the intake of balanced diet, junk food, sugar-sweetened beverages, consumption of sweets/candies/chocolate, consumption of unhealthy food, intake of immunity-boosting food, intake of nutrition supplements, participation in the house chores, number of sleeping hours and sleep quality, as well as stress/anxiety decreased. Finally, a higher mean financial burden was seen in families with severe food insecurity compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: The current study found a high prevalence of moderate to severe food insecurity among Lebanese children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Food insecurity should be seriously discussed in Lebanon due to its rapid development in the middle of all the crises facing the country in order to avoid short and long term consequences on human's health. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Gedeon, Reine AU - Gedeon R AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon. FAU - Hallit, Souheil AU - Hallit S AD - School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon. souheilhallit@hotmail.com. AD - Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon. souheilhallit@hotmail.com. FAU - Wakim, Lara Hanna AU - Wakim LH AD - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221029 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Food Supply MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Pandemics MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Food Insecurity MH - Educational Status PMC - PMC9616611 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 pandemic OT - Children OT - Economic crisis OT - Food insecurity OT - Lebanon COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/10/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/11/02 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/29 CRDT- 2022/10/29 00:04 PHST- 2022/08/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/29 00:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-022-14387-z [pii] AID - 14387 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-022-14387-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2022 Oct 29;22(1):1982. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-14387-z. PMID- 36268287 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240906 IS - 2049-0801 (Print) IS - 2049-0801 (Electronic) IS - 2049-0801 (Linking) VI - 82 DP - 2022 Oct TI - Outbreak of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium Sequence Type 34 linked to chocolate products. PG - 104597 LID - 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104597 [doi] LID - 104597 AB - As of 3rd June 2022, 445 cases of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium sequence type 34 infection had been reported globally. The outbreak was caused by two novel strains of monophasic S. Typhimurium with unusual multi-drug resistance. The majority of these cases involved children aged 10 or younger, and they had a hospitalization rate higher than most previous outbreaks of monophasic S. Typhimurium, but no fatalities were recorded. The infection was traced to certain Belgian chocolate products after extensive microbiological and epidemiological research. Public health officials took immediate action to recall all the contaminated products, and the risk of exposure was reduced. The common symptoms are bloody diarrhea, acute onset of fever, abdominal pain, and vomiting. This article aims to thoroughly review the recent outbreak of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium ST-34, including its epidemiology and comparison with ongoing outbreaks. We also highlighted past chocolate-related salmonella outbreaks and current control and prevention guidelines and recommendations. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. FAU - Lund, Sejal AU - Lund S AD - Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Tahir, Maliha AU - Tahir M AD - Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. FAU - Vohra, Laiba Imran AU - Vohra LI AD - Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Hamdana, Amatul Hadi AU - Hamdana AH AD - Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Ahmad, Shahzaib AU - Ahmad S AD - Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220908 PL - England TA - Ann Med Surg (Lond) JT - Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) JID - 101616869 PMC - PMC9577511 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antimicrobial resistance OT - Chocolate products OT - Foodborne illness OT - Monophasic salmonella typhimurium OT - Outbreak OT - Salmonella enterica serovar 1,4,[5],12:i: OT - Salmonellosis COIS- No Conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/22 06:01 PMCR- 2022/09/08 CRDT- 2022/10/21 03:12 PHST- 2022/07/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/21 03:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2049-0801(22)01357-7 [pii] AID - 104597 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104597 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Sep 8;82:104597. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104597. eCollection 2022 Oct. PMID- 36223859 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221215 LR - 20221221 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 180 DP - 2023 Jan 1 TI - Indian adolescents' perceptions of packaged food and food labels - A qualitative inquiry. PG - 106342 LID - S0195-6663(22)00433-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106342 [doi] AB - In the last two decades, India has witnessed a dramatic rise in the consumption of packaged foods, especially among adolescents. Food labelling is often recognised as an instrumental population-based approach which can enable consumers to make informed food choices by providing all the necessary details about the food product on the packaging. In the Indian context, where adolescent obesity and the ensuing non-communicable diseases are escalating, it is crucial to understand adolescents' views on the use of non-nutritious packaged foods and food labels. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative inquiry was to explore Indian adolescents' perceptions regarding the consumption of packaged food and use of food labels. Convenience sampling was employed to recruit 29 boys and 15 girls (aged 10-19 years) from rural Varanasi, India. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted in the local language. Interview recordings were transcribed verbatim and translated to English. Narrative data were subjected to thematic analysis using NVivo software program. The adolescents reported frequent consumption of packaged food like potato chips, biscuits, chocolates, deep-fried Indian snacks both at school and home. Packaged foods were regarded as tasty, safe, and fresh. Brand name, date of expiry and cost were often read by the study respondents. Nevertheless, they reported difficulty in understanding other components of the label (e.g., nutrition information) and they were not aware of the negative impact of consuming unhealthy packaged foods. Nearly all the respondents insisted that food labels should be written in the local language for easy understanding. These emerging findings underscore the need to design school-based food literacy programs for vulnerable Indian adolescents to address obesity and diet-related complications in early adulthood. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Kansal, Sangeeta AU - Kansal S AD - Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: sangeetakansalbhu@gmail.com. FAU - Raj, Aryan AU - Raj A AD - Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: aryanvns75@gmail.com. FAU - Pedapanga, Nikitha AU - Pedapanga N AD - Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: cutiepienikeeta@gmail.com. FAU - Worsley, Anthony AU - Worsley A AD - School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia. Electronic address: anthony.worsley@deakin.edu.au. FAU - Rathi, Neha AU - Rathi N AD - Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: neha.nutri01@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221009 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - Adult MH - *Food Labeling MH - *Pediatric Obesity MH - Qualitative Research MH - Research Design MH - Schools OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Food label OT - India OT - Packaged food OT - Qualitative COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this research article. EDAT- 2022/10/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00 CRDT- 2022/10/12 19:14 PHST- 2022/06/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/10/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/10/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/12 19:14 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(22)00433-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106342 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2023 Jan 1;180:106342. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106342. Epub 2022 Oct 9. PMID- 36199857 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221007 IS - 2536-4553 (Electronic) IS - 2148-4902 (Print) IS - 2536-4553 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 3 DP - 2022 TI - Processed meat products and snacks consumption in ADHD: A case-control study. PG - 266-274 LID - 10.14744/nci.2021.64497 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to "unhealthy" food consumption, but the studies in this area are insufficient. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between ADHD/related symptoms and processed meat products and snack consumption. METHODS: This study was conducted on 390 children aged between 6 and 17 with 169 ADHD (38 Girls, 131 Boys) and 221 healthy controls (93 Girls, 128 Boys). Food consumption was evaluated by a modified food frequency questionnaire, including 18 food containing processed meat products and snacks. ADHD symptoms were evaluated by the teacher and parent Turgay DSM-IV-Based Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavioral Disorders Screening and Rating Scale (T-DSM-IV-Scale) and Conners' Rating Scale (CPRS, CTRS). RESULTS: Children with ADHD consumed more processed meat products, milk-based desserts, and chocolate-sweets than controls (p<0.05). A positive correlation was observed between the ADHD symptom scores and the consumption amount of all snacks, the amount of chocolate-sweets consumption, the frequency of consumption of sujuk, chocolate, jelly beans, sweets, cakes, and chocolate spread (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Children with ADHD consume more foods rich in saturated fat and sugar than their healthy peers. Processed food consumption of children with ADHD may be associated with ADHD symptoms. CI - (c) Copyright 2022 by Istanbul Provincial Directorate of Health. FAU - Akin, Sumeyye AU - Akin S AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Gultekin, Fatih AU - Gultekin F AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Ekinci, Ozalp AU - Ekinci O AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul Erenkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Kanik, Arzu AU - Kanik A AD - Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Ustundag, Busra AU - Ustundag B AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul Erenkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Tunali, Bilge Didem AU - Tunali BD AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul Erenkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Al-Bayati, Mohammad B Abdulrazzaq AU - Al-Bayati MBA AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul Erenkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, Istanbul, Turkiye. FAU - Yasoz, Cemre AU - Yasoz C AD - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul Erenkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, Istanbul, Turkiye. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220708 PL - Turkey TA - North Clin Istanb JT - Northern clinics of Istanbul JID - 101684520 PMC - PMC9464840 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder OT - children OT - chocolate OT - processed meat products OT - snack OT - sweets COIS- No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. EDAT- 2022/10/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/07 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/08 CRDT- 2022/10/06 02:15 PHST- 2020/11/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/06 02:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/07 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - NCI-9-266 [pii] AID - 10.14744/nci.2021.64497 [doi] PST - epublish SO - North Clin Istanb. 2022 Jul 8;9(3):266-274. doi: 10.14744/nci.2021.64497. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36196334 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240905 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 8 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Role of Non-pharmacological Interventions and Weight Loss in the Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review. PG - e28637 LID - 10.7759/cureus.28637 [doi] LID - e28637 AB - With the increasing prevalence of obesity, the worldwide risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has also increased. Abdominal obesity increases intragastric pressure, disturbing the integrity of the gastroesophageal junction, thus facilitating reflux. Other than obesity, some lifestyle factors also cause GERD, including smoking, consumption of alcohol and caffeine, late-night meals, and high fat intake. This review study aimed to assess the impact of weight loss and lifestyle modifications on GERD. In this systematic review, the databases used were PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Boolean system and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) strategy were used to form suitable keywords. Patients from the pediatric and geriatric populations were excluded from the study and quality assessment was done using different assessment tools. A positive association between obesity and GERD was found. It was also found that the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) causes complications, so lifestyle interventions should be used more than PPIs for treating GERD, especially in obese patients. We concluded that weight loss could lead to the resolution of gastroesophageal reflux disease, and therefore, conservative measures, including dietary modifications such as reducing the consumption of alcohol, caffeine, and chocolate, behavioral changes such as smoking cessation and elevation of the head of the bed, and weight loss, should be used as first-line management for GERD. Although awareness has increased regarding the adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors, future studies are required to assess these negative effects. CI - Copyright (c) 2022, Mukhtar et al. FAU - Mukhtar, Maria AU - Mukhtar M AD - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Alzubaidee, Mohammed J AU - Alzubaidee MJ AD - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Dwarampudi, Raga Sruthi AU - Dwarampudi RS AD - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Mathew, Sheena AU - Mathew S AD - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Bichenapally, Sumahitha AU - Bichenapally S AD - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Khachatryan, Vahe AU - Khachatryan V AD - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Muazzam, Asmaa AU - Muazzam A AD - Pathology Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Hamal, Chandani AU - Hamal C AD - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Velugoti, Lakshmi Sai Deepak Reddy AU - Velugoti LSDR AD - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Tabowei, Godfrey AU - Tabowei G AD - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Gaddipati, Greeshma N AU - Gaddipati GN AD - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. FAU - Khan, Safeera AU - Khan S AD - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220831 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC9524852 OTO - NOTNLM OT - gerd OT - obesity OT - obesity and gerd OT - obesity and weight loss and gerd OT - weight loss and gerd COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/10/06 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/06 06:01 PMCR- 2022/08/31 CRDT- 2022/10/05 01:48 PHST- 2022/07/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/05 01:48 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/06 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.28637 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2022 Aug 31;14(8):e28637. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28637. eCollection 2022 Aug. PMID- 36195523 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230103 LR - 20230111 IS - 1878-7533 (Electronic) IS - 1550-7289 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec TI - Long-term changes in dietary intake and its association with eating-related problems after gastric bypass in adolescents. PG - 1399-1406 LID - S1550-7289(22)00624-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.soard.2022.08.008 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is an established, effective treatment for severe adolescent obesity. Long-term dietary intake and the relationship to eating-related problems are scarcely evaluated in this population. OBJECTIVES: Assess changes in dietary intake in adolescents after RYGB and explore associations between dietary intake and eating-related problems. SETTING: Multicenter study in Swedish university hospitals. METHOD: Diet history, binge eating scale (BES), and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire were assessed preoperatively and 1, 2, and 5 years after RYGB in 85 adolescents (67% female) aged 16.5 +/- 1.2 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 45.5 +/- 6.0 kg/m(2) and compared with control individuals at 5 years. RESULTS: Five-year BMI change was -28.6% +/- 12.7% versus +9.9% +/- 18.9% in RYGB patients versus control individuals (P < .001). Through 5 years, RYGB adolescents reported reduced energy intake, portion size of cooked meals at dinner, and milk/yoghurt consumption (P < .01). The BES scores were 9.3 +/- 8.3 versus 13.4 +/- 10.5 in RYGB patients versus control individuals (P = .04). Association between BES score and energy intake was stronger in control individuals (r = .27 versus r = .62 in RYGB patients versus control individuals, P < .001). At 5 years, lower energy intake was associated with greater BMI loss in all adolescents (r = .33, P < .001). Higher scores in BES and uncontrolled and emotional eating were associated with higher energy intake, cooked meals, candies/chocolates, cakes/cookies, desserts, and sugary drinks (r > .23, P < .04) and lower intake of fruits/berries (r = -.32, P = .044). A higher score in cognitive restraint was associated with a higher intake of cereals and fruits/berries (r > .22, P < .05) and a lower intake of sugary drinks (r = -.24, P < .03). CONCLUSION: To support optimization of long-term outcomes in adolescent RYGB patients, it is important to provide management strategies to reduce energy intake. Monitoring eating-related problems could identify potential individuals at risk of poor weight loss and to initiate treatment interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Henfridsson, Pia AU - Henfridsson P AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: pia.henfridsson@gu.se. FAU - Jarvholm, Kajsa AU - Jarvholm K AD - Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Childhood Obesity Unit, Skane University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden. FAU - Wallengren, Ola AU - Wallengren O AD - Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Gronowitz, Eva AU - Gronowitz E AD - Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Marcus, Claude AU - Marcus C AD - Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Flodmark, Carl-Erik AU - Flodmark CE AD - Childhood Obesity Unit, Skane University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden. FAU - Dahlgren, Jovanna AU - Dahlgren J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Vastra Gotaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Laurenius, Anna AU - Laurenius A AD - Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20220823 PL - United States TA - Surg Obes Relat Dis JT - Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery JID - 101233161 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Eating MH - *Gastric Bypass/adverse effects MH - Obesity, Morbid/surgery MH - *Pediatric Obesity/surgery/complications OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Bariatric surgery OT - Binge eating scale (BES) OT - Dietary assessment OT - Eating-related problems OT - Roux-en-Y gastric bypass OT - Three-Factor Eating questionnaire (TFEQ-R21) EDAT- 2022/10/05 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/07 06:00 CRDT- 2022/10/04 22:04 PHST- 2022/06/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/04 22:04 [entrez] AID - S1550-7289(22)00624-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.soard.2022.08.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2022 Dec;18(12):1399-1406. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2022.08.008. Epub 2022 Aug 23. PMID- 36174233 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230112 LR - 20230112 IS - 1715-5320 (Electronic) IS - 1715-5312 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Jan 1 TI - Advertising expenditures across media on food and beverage products heavily advertised on youth-appealing television stations in Canada. PG - 27-37 LID - 10.1139/apnm-2022-0219 [doi] AB - This research estimated and characterized advertising expenditures on food products heavily advertised on youth-appealing television stations in Canada in 2019 overall, by media, by food category, and compared expenditures in two policy environments (Quebec and the rest of Canada, excluding the territories) and on "healthier" versus "less healthy" products. Advertising expenditure estimates for 57 selected food categories promoted on television, radio, out-of-home media, print media, and popular websites were licensed from Numerator. Sixty-one products or brands were identified as heavily advertised on youth-appealing stations and classified as "healthier" or "less healthy" based on a nutrient profile model proposed by Health Canada. Total expenditures and expenditures per adolescent capita were calculated. Approximately, $110.9 million was spent advertising food products heavily advertised to adolescents in Canada in 2019, with television accounting for 77% of total expenditures and fast food restaurants accounting for 51%. Most expenditures (77%; $80.6 million) were devoted to advertising "less healthy" products. In Quebec, advertising expenditures on examined products were 23% lower per capita ($45.15/capita) compared to the rest of Canada ($58.44/capita). Advertising expenditures in Quebec were lower for energy drinks (-47%; -$0.80/capita) and candy and chocolate (-41%; -$1.00/capita) and higher for yogurt (+85%; +$1.22/capita) and portable snacks (+25%; +$0.15/capita). Quebec's restriction of commercial advertising directed to children under 13 may explain lower per capita advertising expenditures on some "less healthy" foods heavily advertised to adolescents in Quebec. Nevertheless, this spending remains high in Quebec and nationally. Continued monitoring of these expenditures is warranted. FAU - Potvin Kent, Monique AU - Potvin Kent M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada. FAU - Pauze, Elise AU - Pauze E AD - Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. FAU - Bagnato, Mariangela AU - Bagnato M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8184-8318 AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada. FAU - Guimaraes, Julia Soares AU - Guimaraes JS AD - Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. FAU - Pinto, Adena AU - Pinto A AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada. FAU - Remedios, Lauren AU - Remedios L AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada. FAU - Pritchard, Meghan AU - Pritchard M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada. FAU - L'Abbe, Mary AU - L'Abbe M AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. FAU - Mulligan, Christine AU - Mulligan C AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. FAU - Vergeer, Laura AU - Vergeer L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3982-5002 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. FAU - Weippert, Madyson AU - Weippert M AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220929 PL - Canada TA - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab JT - Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme JID - 101264333 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - *Advertising MH - Health Expenditures MH - Food MH - Beverages MH - Television MH - Canada MH - *Energy Drinks MH - Snacks OTO - NOTNLM OT - Canada OT - Consumer Protection Act OT - adolescents OT - food and beverage advertising expenditures OT - monitoring OT - nutritional quality EDAT- 2022/09/30 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/13 06:00 CRDT- 2022/09/29 17:42 PHST- 2022/09/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/29 17:42 [entrez] AID - 10.1139/apnm-2022-0219 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2023 Jan 1;48(1):27-37. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0219. Epub 2022 Sep 29. PMID- 36141942 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220926 LR - 20240905 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 18 DP - 2022 Sep 16 TI - Influence of Selected Food Product Groups Consumption Frequency on Acne-Related Quality of Life in a National Sample of Polish Female Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/ijerph191811670 [doi] LID - 11670 AB - Acne vulgaris affects over 80% of adolescents, mainly female ones, and may reduce their general quality of life, so its prevention and treatment are becoming necessary, while among the options for acne management, the potential influence of diet is indicated. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of selected food product groups consumption frequency on acne-related quality of life in a national sample of Polish female adolescents. The studied population of 1370 Polish female adolescents was gathered using random quota sampling of secondary schools representative of the whole country. The acne-related quality of life was assessed using the Acne Quality of Life (AQoL) Scale with the calculated Social Quality of Life (SOCQOL) Score, as well as the Acne Disability Questionnaire (ADQ) with the calculated Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI). The acne-related food product groups' consumption frequency was assessed using the Acne-specific Food Frequency Questionnaire (Acne-FFQ). There were no differences in food product consumption between subgroups stratified by the acne-related quality of life (p > 0.05), and there was no correlation between food product consumption and the results of the SOCQOL Score (p > 0.05). For the CADI, positive correlations were indicated for fast foods (p = 0.0450; R = 0.0688), salty snacks (p = 0.0342; R = 0.0727), and chocolate confectionary (p = 0.0147; R = 0.0837), while a negative correlation was indicated for dairy beverages other than milk (p = 0.0414; R = -0.0701). In the studied group of Polish female adolescents, fast foods, salty snacks, and chocolate confectionary were indicated as potential acne-promoting factors, while dairy beverages other than milk were indicated as a potential acne-protective factor. FAU - Rudzinska, Julia AU - Rudzinska J AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Glabska, Dominika AU - Glabska D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8588-7357 AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220916 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - *Acne Vulgaris/epidemiology/psychology MH - Adolescent MH - *Diet MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Poland/epidemiology MH - *Quality of Life MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC9517132 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acne vulgaris OT - adolescent OT - dermatological diseases OT - diet OT - dietary behaviours OT - female OT - quality of life OT - skin COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/28 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/16 CRDT- 2022/09/23 01:20 PHST- 2022/08/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/09/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/23 01:20 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph191811670 [pii] AID - ijerph-19-11670 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph191811670 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 16;19(18):11670. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811670. PMID- 36093936 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241030 LR - 20250909 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) VI - 129 IP - 12 DP - 2023 Jun 28 TI - Consumption of ultra-processed foods and growth outcomes in early childhood: 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort. PG - 2153-2160 LID - 10.1017/S0007114522002926 [doi] AB - The current study aims to describe the consumption of ultra-processed foods, from 2 to 4 years old, and evaluate its association with growth outcomes during the same period. It is a prospective cohort study using data from the 2015 Pelotas-Brazil Birth Cohort. Outcomes assessed at the 2- and 4-year-old follow-ups were BMI-for-age Z-score and length/height-for-age Z-score. The exposure was a score of ultra-processed food consumption calculated at each follow-up by summing up the positive answers for the consumption of nine specific items/subgroups of ultra-processed foods: (i) instant noodles; (ii) soft drink; (iii) chocolate powder in milk; (iv) nuggets, hamburger or sausages; (v) packaged salty snacks; (vi) candies, lollipops, chewing gum, chocolate or jelly; (vii) sandwich cookie or sweet biscuit; (viii) juice in can or box or prepared from a powdered mix and (ix) yogurt. Crude and adjusted analyses between the score of ultra-processed foods and the outcomes were run using generalised estimating equations. Prevalence of consumption of ultra-processed foods increased from 2 to 4 years old, for all evaluated items/subgroups, except yogurt. In prospective analyses, higher scores of ultra-processed food consumption were associated with higher BMI-for-age Z-score and lower length/height-for-age Z-score, after adjustment for confounders. Ultra-processed food consumption, measured using a short questionnaire with low research burden, increased from 2 to 4 years old and was related to deleterious growth outcomes in early childhood. These results reinforce the importance of avoiding the consumption of these products in childhood to prevent the double burden of malnutrition and non-communicable chronic diseases throughout the life. CI - Copyright (c) (c) The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society FAU - Costa, Caroline Dos Santos AU - Costa CDS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3522-1546 AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP01246-904, Brazil. AD - Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Buffarini, Romina AU - Buffarini R AD - Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. FAU - Flores, Thayna Ramos AU - Flores TR AD - Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. FAU - Neri, Daniela AU - Neri D AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP01246-904, Brazil. AD - Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Freitas Silveira, Mariangela AU - Freitas Silveira M AD - Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. FAU - Monteiro, Carlos Augusto AU - Monteiro CA AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP01246-904, Brazil. AD - Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 10735_Z_18_Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220912 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Child, Preschool MH - Brazil MH - Male MH - Female MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Fast Foods MH - Diet MH - Food Handling/methods MH - Child Development MH - Cohort Studies MH - Body Mass Index MH - Body Height MH - Food, Processed OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood OT - Cohort studies OT - Growth OT - Ultra-processed food COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/13 06:00 MHDA- 2024/10/30 16:18 CRDT- 2022/09/12 06:32 PHST- 2024/10/30 16:18 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/12 06:32 [entrez] AID - S0007114522002926 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114522002926 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Nutr. 2023 Jun 28;129(12):2153-2160. doi: 10.1017/S0007114522002926. Epub 2022 Sep 12. PMID- 36082031 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220912 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2022 TI - Breakfast and psychosocial behavioural problems in young population: The role of status, place, and habits. PG - 871238 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2022.871238 [doi] LID - 871238 AB - The aim of this study was to examine whether breakfast status, place and habits are associated with psychosocial behavioural problems in a nationally representative sample of young people aged 4-14 years residing in Spain. This study analysed secondary data from the Spanish National Health Survey (2017), including 3,772 Spanish children and adolescents. Breakfast status, place, and habits were assessed by ad hoc questions answered by parents/guardians. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) parents' version form was applied to evaluate the psychosocial health of their children. Skipping breakfast and eating breakfast out of home were linked to greater odds of psychosocial behavioural problems (skipping breakfast: OR = 3.29; CI 95%, 1.47-7.35; breakfast out of home: OR = 2.06; CI 95%, 1.27-3.33) than eating breakfast at home. Similarly, not consuming coffee, milk, tea, chocolate, cocoa, yogurt, etc., for breakfast was related to greater odds of psychosocial behavioural problems (OR = 1.76; CI 95%, 1.21-2.55). This association was also found for those who did not eat bread, toast, cereals, pastries, etc., for breakfast (OR = 1.31; CI 95%, 1.01-1.73). Conversely, not consuming eggs, cheese, ham, etc., was associated with lower odds of psychosocial behavioural problems (OR = 0.56; CI 95%, 0.38-0.83). Our results show that eating breakfast (specifically at home) and breakfast habits related to the intake of certain food/beverages groups were associated with higher or lower odds of psychosocial behavioural problems. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Lopez-Gil, Smith, Lopez-Bueno and Tarraga-Lopez. FAU - Lopez-Gil, Jose Francisco AU - Lopez-Gil JF AD - Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain. FAU - Smith, Lee AU - Smith L AD - Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Lopez-Bueno, Ruben AU - Lopez-Bueno R AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Tarraga-Lopez, Pedro Juan AU - Tarraga-Lopez PJ AD - Departamento de Ciencias Medicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220823 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC9445130 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - children OT - healthy diet OT - lifestyle OT - mental health OT - nutrition OT - preschoolers COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/10 06:01 PMCR- 2022/01/01 CRDT- 2022/09/09 02:18 PHST- 2022/02/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/09 02:18 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/10 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2022.871238 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2022 Aug 23;9:871238. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871238. eCollection 2022. PMID- 36078625 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220913 LR - 20250728 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 17 DP - 2022 Sep 1 TI - Promotion of Food and Beverages by German-Speaking Influencers Popular with Adolescents on TikTok, YouTube and Instagram. LID - 10.3390/ijerph191710911 [doi] LID - 10911 AB - The promotion of nutritionally poor food and beverages (F&B) has a proven effect on children's eating preferences and, therefore, plays a significant role in today's childhood obesity epidemic. This study's objective was to assess the prevalence (exposure) and context (power) of the F&B cues in influencer content across three platforms: TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram. The selected influencers were popular with adolescents, with a combined total of more than 34 million followers/subscribers. We employed the YouTube Influencer Marketing Protocol from the World Health Organization (WHO) as our basis for coding. We analysed a total of 360 videos/posts and, of these, 24% contained F&B cues, which is equivalent to 18.1 F&B cues/hour. In total, 77% of the cues were not permitted for children's advertising, according to WHO criteria, and this was stable across all platforms, with chocolate and sugary confectionery (23%) as the most frequently featured products. Not-permitted F&B had a four-times higher chance of being branded, a five-times higher chance of being described positively, and received significantly more 'likes'. In 62% of the analysed presentations, the branded product was mentioned, yet only 6% of the content was labelled as advertising. The present analysis delivers further grounds for discussion for policies and regulations of influencer marketing. FAU - Winzer, Eva AU - Winzer E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5547-8517 AD - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Naderer, Brigitte AU - Naderer B AD - Department of Media & Communication, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany. FAU - Klein, Simeon AU - Klein S AD - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Lercher, Leah AU - Lercher L AD - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. FAU - Wakolbinger, Maria AU - Wakolbinger M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1991-6700 AD - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220901 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Advertising MH - Beverages MH - Child MH - Food MH - Humans MH - Marketing MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - *Social Media PMC - PMC9518047 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - food cues OT - influencer food marketing OT - nutritionally poor food COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/01 CRDT- 2022/09/09 01:17 PHST- 2022/07/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/09 01:17 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph191710911 [pii] AID - ijerph-19-10911 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph191710911 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 1;19(17):10911. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710911. PMID- 36035061 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220830 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Health-Related Lifestyle Among College-Going Youth in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. PG - e27208 LID - 10.7759/cureus.27208 [doi] LID - e27208 AB - Introduction Youth is a period where a number of healthy and unhealthy habits get acquired that last throughout a person's life.( )Youth health promotion has become a key study focus around the world. Thus this study is undertaken to understand health-related lifestyles affecting college-going youth. Methods A cross-sectional survey was done in the junior colleges in Bhubaneswar, India, which included college-going youth. The sample size was 636. The sampling technique was a two-stage stratified sampling method. Firstly, one college was selected from each of five administrative regions (east, west, north, south, and central zone) in Bhubaneswar randomly by lottery method to provide a representative sample. From each college, 128 students were selected randomly from the list of students. Results In this study, 237 (37.3%) of the participants ate green leafy vegetables on a daily basis, with 39.3% of females and just 31.2% of males. This difference in preference of green leafy vegetables among males and females was found to be statistically significant with a p-value of 0.019. Out of 180 (28.3%) of the participants who consumed milk products daily, 25% were females, while 38.1% were males (p-value of 0.004). In the present study, out of 247 (38.8%) participants who preferred eating fast food, 37.6% were females, while 42.5% were males. Out of 213 (33.5%) of them who preferred sweets (candy/chocolate), 37.2% were females, while only 22.5% were males. This difference in gender in regards to junk food preference was found to be statistically significant with a p-value of 0.001. In the current study, out of 243 (42%) of the participants who spent 30 minutes to one hour on exercise per day, 43.4% were females, while 37.4% were males. Out of 133 (23%) of them who spent one to two hours on exercise per day, 23.6% were females, while only 20.9% were males (p-value of 0.003). Out of 208 (35.9%) of the participants who preferred walking as the main mode of exercise, 40.2% were females, while 22.3% were males (p-value <0.0001). Conclusion The main findings of this study demonstrated that the majority of the youth followed proper meal routines and engaged in regular physical exercise. However, when compared to junk food consumption, participants consumed far fewer green leafy vegetables. This would prove to be harmful to their health. Since the youth of today are the future of tomorrow, they should be provided with proper health education regarding the harmful effects of regular intake of junk food. CI - Copyright (c) 2022, Mishra et al. FAU - Mishra, Aparajita AU - Mishra A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND. FAU - Mishra, Alpana AU - Mishra A AD - Department of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND. FAU - Behera, Basanta K AU - Behera BK AD - Department of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND. FAU - Nayak, Smruti R AU - Nayak SR AD - Department of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, IND. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220724 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC9398885 OTO - NOTNLM OT - dietary habits OT - junk food OT - lifestyle behavior OT - lifestyle behaviour OT - physical activity OT - youth COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/08/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/30 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/24 CRDT- 2022/08/29 05:18 PHST- 2022/07/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/08/29 05:18 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/30 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.27208 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2022 Jul 24;14(7):e27208. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27208. eCollection 2022 Jul. PMID- 35979229 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20250530 IS - 2666-7657 (Electronic) IS - 2666-7657 (Linking) VI - 6 DP - 2021 Dec TI - Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and exposure to persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals in two European birth cohorts. LID - 10.1016/j.envadv.2021.100130 [doi] AB - Food consumption, particularly of animal-based products, is considered the most important contributor to persistent endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) exposure. This study aims to describe the association between maternal diet during pregnancy and exposure to persistent EDCs using dietary pattern analysis. This study is based on subsamples of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) (N=422) and the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) (N=276) which uses data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN). Women in both studies completed food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) during pregnancy, from which consumption data were categorized into 38 aggregated food groups. Maternal blood samples were collected during pregnancy and concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in serum/plasma were measured. Dietary patterns were identified using reduced rank regression, with blood EDC concentrations as response variables. Within ALSPAC, all patterns (PFAS, PCB, and OCP) were characterized by high consumption of meat, poultry, white fish, and biscuits. In MoBa, high consumption of sausages and burgers (representing processed meats), pasta, and chocolate bars characterized PCB and OCP dietary patterns, while high consumption of cheese characterized the PFAS pattern. Across both cohorts, PFAS patterns were characterized by high consumption of cheese, PCB patterns by high consumption of rice, and OCP patterns by poultry. Dietary patterns explained between 8 and 20% of the variation in serum EDC concentrations, with explained variance being the highest for PCBs in both cohorts. In conclusion, dietary patterns high in animal-based products appear to be associated with persistent EDC concentrations among pregnant women. Diet explains more variation in PCB concentrations than for other persistent EDC classes. FAU - Marks, Kristin J AU - Marks KJ AD - Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States. AD - National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States. AD - Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 100 ORAU Way, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States. FAU - Northstone, Kate AU - Northstone K AD - Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, United Kingdom. FAU - Papadopoulou, Eleni AU - Papadopoulou E AD - Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, NO-0213 Skoyen, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Brantsaeter, Anne Lise AU - Brantsaeter AL AD - Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, NO-0213 Skoyen, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Haug, Line Smastuen AU - Haug LS AD - Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, NO-0213 Skoyen, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Howards, Penelope P AU - Howards PP AD - Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States. FAU - Smarr, Melissa M AU - Smarr MM AD - Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States. FAU - Flanders, W Dana AU - Flanders WD AD - Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States. AD - National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States. FAU - Hartman, Terryl J AU - Hartman TJ AD - Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States. AD - National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States. LA - eng GR - MC_PC_19009/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_PC_15018/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom GR - CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHS/United States GR - G9815508/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Environ Adv JT - Environmental advances JID - 101776495 PMC - PMC9380587 MID - NIHMS1751568 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ALSPAC OT - MBRN OT - MoBa OT - dietary pattern OT - endocrine disrupting chemical OT - pregnancy EDAT- 2022/08/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/19 06:01 PMCR- 2022/08/16 CRDT- 2022/08/18 02:15 PHST- 2022/08/18 02:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/19 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1016/j.envadv.2021.100130 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Adv. 2021 Dec;6:10.1016/j.envadv.2021.100130. doi: 10.1016/j.envadv.2021.100130. PMID- 35975706 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230623 LR - 20230626 IS - 1552-4167 (Electronic) IS - 0145-4455 (Linking) VI - 47 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Jul TI - Development of Medication Administration Protocols for In-Home Pediatric Feeding Cases. PG - 959-982 LID - 10.1177/01454455221113558 [doi] AB - Medication administration can be a significant issue in pediatric populations, and especially with patients with developmental disabilities and comorbid feeding disorders. Research has focused largely on consumption of solids rather than medication and liquids in pediatric feeding programs, with most studies being conducted within specialized hospital settings in the United States. No studies to our knowledge have detailed treatment evaluations for medication administration in pediatric feeding except for a few studies on pill swallowing. We report results of treatment protocols for medication administration using empirically-supported treatments in a short-term intensive home-based behavior-analytic program in Australia. Two males with autism spectrum and pediatric feeding disorders participated. We used a multiple baseline single-case experimental design for medication administration conducted concurrently with a treatment evaluation for solid foods. Consumption increased in number (9; supplements, laxatives, pain relievers), flavors (8; chocolate, blackcurrent and apple, strawberry, lemon-lime, orange, chocolate-vanilla, cherry, apple), forms (4; thin and thick liquids, chewables, gummies), and delivery methods (5; finger-fed, spoon, cup, medicine spoon, medicine cup) within the first treatment session. For one participant, we taught open cup drinking for a variety of liquids (milk, juices, medications). For both participants, we taught self-feeding with utensils for thick liquid medications. Treatment results were similar for solids and participants increased food variety to over 160 across food groups. All goals were met including training parents to maintain gains at home. FAU - Taylor, Tessa AU - Taylor T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8643-3955 AD - University of Canterbury/Te Whare Wananga o Waitaha, Christchurch, New Zealand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220817 PL - United States TA - Behav Modif JT - Behavior modification JID - 7803043 SB - IM MH - Male MH - Humans MH - Child MH - *Feeding and Eating Disorders MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Behavior Therapy/methods MH - Food MH - Clinical Protocols OTO - NOTNLM OT - Avoidant/Restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) OT - autism spectrum disorder OT - cup drinking OT - formula dependence OT - laxative dependence OT - liquid refusal OT - medication refusal OT - nonremoval of the cup OT - pediatric feeding disorders OT - self-feeding OT - vitamin acceptance EDAT- 2022/08/18 06:00 MHDA- 2023/06/23 06:42 CRDT- 2022/08/17 05:52 PHST- 2023/06/23 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/17 05:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/01454455221113558 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Behav Modif. 2023 Jul;47(4):959-982. doi: 10.1177/01454455221113558. Epub 2022 Aug 17. PMID- 35902934 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220801 LR - 20250728 IS - 0300-5283 (Print) IS - 0300-5283 (Linking) VI - 77 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Prevalence and psychosocial impact of acne vulgaris among high school and university students in Sarawak, Malaysia. PG - 446-453 AB - BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that affects adolescents and young adults. Its psychosocial impact can be significant. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of acne vulgaris and its psychosocial impact among high school and university students in Kuching, Sarawak. In addition, the clinical characteristics of acne and its potential predisposing factors were assessed. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among high school and university students in Kuching, Sarawak. A team of dermatology-trained doctors examined a representative sample of high school and university students aged 16 to 25 years to identify acne vulgaris. The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was used to assess the psychosocial impact of acne on affected individuals. The Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) was used to determine the severity of acne. Demographic data and clinical characteristics of acne were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 582 students aged 16 to 25 years were recruited. The overall prevalence of acne vulgaris was 75.8% (n=441). The prevalence of acne was highest (85.5%) in the age group of 16-18 years. There was a significantly higher tendency for male students to have moderate to severe acne (p=0.010). A significantly higher proportion of female students had impaired quality of life (p<0.001) compared to male students. In comparison to male students, the mean DLQI scores were significantly higher in female students in the domains of 'Work and school' and 'Personal relationship' (p<0.05). There were 41 students who had a very large impact on the quality of life with a DLQI score of 11-20 and 34 (82.9%) of them had mild acne. There was a significantly higher proportion of students who had frequent insomnia in the group of students with acne compared to those without acne (11.6% vs. 4.3%, p=0.011). There was no significant association of acne vulgaris with dietary intakes, such as chocolates, sweets, potato chips, yoghurt, milk, fried chicken, ice cream, nuts and carbonated drinks (p>0.05). Of the 441 students with acne, 247 (56%) had not sought any medical attention. CONCLUSION: Acne vulgaris impacts the quality of life similarly to psoriasis, atopic eczema, and chronic urticaria. In mild acne cases, the quality of life may be significantly affected. Therefore, acne education is required in high schools and colleges to ensure that students understand their disease and are aware of available treatments. FAU - Lim, T H AU - Lim TH AD - Sarawak General Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. savy117@gmail.com. FAU - Badaruddin, N S F AU - Badaruddin NSF AD - Sarawak General Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. FAU - Foo, S Y AU - Foo SY AD - Sarawak General Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. FAU - Bujang, M A AU - Bujang MA AD - Sarawak General Hospital, Clinical Research Centre, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. FAU - Muniandy, P AU - Muniandy P AD - Sarawak General Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Malaysia TA - Med J Malaysia JT - The Medical journal of Malaysia JID - 0361547 SB - IM MH - *Acne Vulgaris/epidemiology/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Malaysia/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Prevalence MH - *Quality of Life/psychology MH - Schools MH - Students/psychology MH - Universities EDAT- 2022/07/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/02 06:00 CRDT- 2022/07/28 23:51 PHST- 2022/07/28 23:51 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/02 06:00 [medline] PST - ppublish SO - Med J Malaysia. 2022 Jul;77(4):446-453. PMID- 35884072 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230308 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul 20 TI - The Association of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages to Children's Weights Status Is Moderated by Frequency of Adding Sugars and Sleep Hours. LID - 10.3390/children9071088 [doi] LID - 1088 AB - Adding extra sugars in milk and the moderating effect of sleep has yet to be investigated, setting the aim of this study. A total of 1361 school-aged children were included, aged 10-12 years old, by randomly sampling schools. Data were interview-obtained by trained personnel using a validated 17-item food frequency questionnaire, with specifics on type of milk and extra sugar additions. Analyses were stratified by average recommended hours of sleep. Predictive probability margins were obtained following necessary adjustments. Mean BMI was significantly lower, the level of SSB intake was higher, and the prevalence of adding sugars to milk four or more times per week was higher in children that slept >/=10 h. Most children (64%) consumed full fat milk, 21% had low fat, and 19.7% chocolate milk, with a significantly larger proportion of overweight or obese children consuming full fat or chocolate milk, also adding extra sugars four or more times per week (4.1% compared to 9.6%, and 12.2% compared to 39.5%, respectively). The predictive probability of being overweight or obese exponentially increased for children consuming >0.5 SSB/day while also adding sugars to their milk frequently, although this effect remained significant only for children sleeping <10 h/day. In conclusion, to accurately address the effect of SSBs on children's body weight, frequency of any type of sugar addition in milk should be accounted for, as well as average sleep hours that may further moderate the effect. FAU - Magriplis, Emmanuella AU - Magriplis E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6517-6857 AD - Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece. FAU - Kanellopoulou, Aikaterini AU - Kanellopoulou A AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece. FAU - Notara, Venetia AU - Notara V AD - Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece. FAU - Antonogeorgos, George AU - Antonogeorgos G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0515-7256 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece. FAU - Rojas-Gil, Andrea Paola AU - Rojas-Gil AP AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece. FAU - Kornilaki, Ekaterina N AU - Kornilaki EN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1723-7453 AD - Department of Preschool Education, School of Education, University of Crete, 74100 Rethimno, Greece. FAU - Lagiou, Areti AU - Lagiou A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6687-358X AD - Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece. FAU - Zampelas, Antonis AU - Zampelas A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4242-3365 AD - Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece. FAU - Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B AU - Panagiotakos DB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8583-153X AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece. AD - Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220720 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC9317324 OTO - NOTNLM OT - added sugars OT - additive effect OT - children OT - obesity OT - overweight OT - sleep hours OT - sugar-sweetened beverages COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/28 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/28 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/20 CRDT- 2022/07/27 01:08 PHST- 2022/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/27 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/28 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children9071088 [pii] AID - children-09-01088 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children9071088 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2022 Jul 20;9(7):1088. doi: 10.3390/children9071088. PMID- 35884009 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220731 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul 10 TI - The Role of Milk on Children's Weight Status: An Epidemiological Study among Preadolescents in Greece. LID - 10.3390/children9071025 [doi] LID - 1025 AB - Milk consumption contributes greatly to children's diet, playing a pivotal role in the development and structure of bones and the functioning of the musculoskeletal system and the heart. This study investigated the association between the type of milk and childhood overweight/obesity. In the school period 2014-2016, 1728 students aged 10-12 years and their parents participated. The measurement and classification of their weight status were performed through the criteria of the International Obesity Task Force. Among others, the type of milk consumption was recorded. Four categories of the type of milk children consumed were classified (white milk, chocolate milk, both types of milk, and no milk at all). Children consuming only white milk were 33.1% less likely to be overweight/obese in comparison with children who were not consuming milk at all [OR (95% CI): 0.669 (0.516, 0.867), p = 0.002]. The consumption of chocolate milk showed a protective role against childhood overweight/obesity although its association was not consistently significant. This study highlights the significant contribution of milk (and particularly of white milk) consumption to weight management, and thus its promotion should be consistently encouraged. More studies are needed to shed light on the effects of different dairy foods on weight status in childhood. FAU - Kanellopoulou, Aikaterini AU - Kanellopoulou A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4766-6040 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece. FAU - Kosti, Rena I AU - Kosti RI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7915-6064 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece. FAU - Notara, Venetia AU - Notara V AD - Department of Public and Community Health, Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece. FAU - Antonogeorgos, George AU - Antonogeorgos G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0515-7256 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece. FAU - Rojas-Gil, Andrea Paola AU - Rojas-Gil AP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9812-2131 AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece. FAU - Kornilaki, Ekaterina N AU - Kornilaki EN AD - Department of Preschool Education, School of Education, University of Crete, 74100 Rethimno, Greece. FAU - Lagiou, Areti AU - Lagiou A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6687-358X AD - Department of Public and Community Health, Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece. FAU - Yannakoulia, Mary AU - Yannakoulia M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2171-7337 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece. FAU - Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B AU - Panagiotakos DB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8583-153X AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece. AD - Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220710 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC9319378 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child OT - diet OT - milk OT - obesity OT - overweight OT - public health COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/28 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/28 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/10 CRDT- 2022/07/27 01:08 PHST- 2022/06/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/27 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/28 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children9071025 [pii] AID - children-09-01025 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children9071025 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2022 Jul 10;9(7):1025. doi: 10.3390/children9071025. PMID- 35873437 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220726 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2022 TI - Flavonoid Intake From Cocoa-Based Products and Adiposity Parameters in Adolescents in Spain. PG - 931171 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2022.931171 [doi] LID - 931171 AB - BACKGROUND: Cocoa-based products are a good source of flavonoids, which may have beneficial effects on metabolic health. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between flavonoids from cocoa-based products and adiposity parameters in adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 944 adolescents aged 11-14 years enrolled in the SI! Program for Secondary Schools trial in Spain with available baseline data from food frequency questionnaires and anthropometric measurements [weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and fat mass percentage (% FM) by bioimpedance analysis]. Fat mass index (FMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were obtained by dividing fat mass by height and WC by height, respectively. Body mass index (BMI), WC, and FMI for age and gender z-score were calculated. Overweight/obesity was defined as BMI >/= 85th percentile and excess adiposity as %FM or FMI >/= 75th percentile. WC >/= 90th percentile and WHtR with a 0.5 threshold were considered as criteria of abdominal obesity. Multilevel mixed-effect regressions were used to evaluate the association between flavonoids from cocoa-based products and adiposity parameters. Municipalities and schools were considered random effects. RESULTS: Participants with a higher flavonoid intake from cocoa-based products had lower WC z-score [B = -0.04, 95% CI (-0.07; -0.01), P-for trend = 0.045] and WHtR [B = -0.01, 95% CI (-0.02; -0.01), P- for trend < 0.001]. They also had lower probability of having abdominal obesity [OR 0.66, 95% CI (0.52; 0.85), P- for trend = 0.001]. Inverse associations were observed between flavonoids from cocoa powder and BMI z-score [B = -0.08, 95% CI (-0.12; -0.05), P < 0.001], WC z-score [B = -0.06, 95% CI (-0.11; -0.02), P = 0.003], WHtR [B = -0.01, 95% CI (-0.01; -0.00), P < 0.001], %FM [B = -1.11, 95% CI (-1.48; -0.75), P < 0.001], and FMI z-score [B = -0.18, 95% CI (-0.20; -0.17), P < 0.001]. Regarding dark chocolate, an inverse association only with WC z-score [B = -0.06, 95% CI (-0.08; -0.05), P < 0.001] was found. However, no association was observed between flavonoids from milk chocolate intake and anthropometric parameters. CONCLUSIONS: A higher intake of flavonoids from cocoa-based products was associated with lower adiposity parameters and a lower probability of presenting abdominal obesity. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Laveriano-Santos, Arancibia-Riveros, Tresserra-Rimbau, Castro-Barquero, Ruiz-Leon, Estruch, Casas, Bodega, de Miguel, de Cos-Gandoy, Martinez-Gomez, Rodriguez, Santos-Beneit, Fernandez-Alvira, Fernandez-Jimenez and Lamuela-Raventos. FAU - Laveriano-Santos, Emily P AU - Laveriano-Santos EP AD - Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Arancibia-Riveros, Camila AU - Arancibia-Riveros C AD - Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Tresserra-Rimbau, Anna AU - Tresserra-Rimbau A AD - Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Castro-Barquero, Sara AU - Castro-Barquero S AD - Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Ruiz-Leon, Ana Maria AU - Ruiz-Leon AM AD - Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Mediterranean Diet Foundation, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Estruch, Ramon AU - Estruch R AD - Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Casas, Rosa AU - Casas R AD - Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Bodega, Patricia AU - Bodega P AD - Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (F.S.P.), Madrid, Spain. FAU - de Miguel, Mercedes AU - de Miguel M AD - Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (F.S.P.), Madrid, Spain. FAU - de Cos-Gandoy, Amaya AU - de Cos-Gandoy A AD - Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain. AD - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (F.S.P.), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martinez-Gomez, Jesus AU - Martinez-Gomez J AD - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (F.S.P.), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Rodriguez, Carla AU - Rodriguez C AD - Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Santos-Beneit, Gloria AU - Santos-Beneit G AD - Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain. AD - The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Fernandez-Alvira, Juan M AU - Fernandez-Alvira JM AD - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (F.S.P.), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Fernandez-Jimenez, Rodrigo AU - Fernandez-Jimenez R AD - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (F.S.P.), Madrid, Spain. AD - CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Lamuela-Raventos, Rosa M AU - Lamuela-Raventos RM AD - Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220706 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC9298534 OTO - NOTNLM OT - (poly)phenols OT - cardiometabolic OT - catechin OT - epicatechin OT - obesity OT - proanthocyanidins COIS- RL-R reports receiving lecture fees from Cerveceros de Espana and receiving lecture fees and travel support from Adventia and Idilia Foods SL. RE reports grants from Fundacion Dieta Mediterranea, Spain, Cerveza y Salud, Spain, personal fees for given lectures from Brewers of Europe, Belgium, Fundacion Cerveza y Salud, Spain, Pernaud-Ricard, Mexico, Instituto Cervantes, Alburquerque, USA, Instituto Cervantes, Milan, Italy, Instituto Cervantes, Tokyo, Japan, Lilly Laboratories, Spain, Wine and Culinary International Forum, Spain, non-financial support to organize a National Congress on Nutrition, and also feeding trials with products from Grand Fountain and Uriach Laboratories, Spain. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/26 06:01 PMCR- 2022/01/01 CRDT- 2022/07/25 03:35 PHST- 2022/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/25 03:35 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2022.931171 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 6;9:931171. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.931171. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35850749 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220830 LR - 20260728 IS - 1590-3729 (Electronic) IS - 0939-4753 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Sep TI - Associations between food portion sizes, insulin resistance, VO2 max and metabolic syndrome in European adolescents: The HELENA study. PG - 2061-2073 LID - S0939-4753(22)00227-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.017 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study aims to examine the associations of food portion size (PS) with markers of insulin resistance (IR) and clustered of metabolic risk score in European adolescents. METHODS: A total of 495 adolescents (53.5% females) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study were included. The association between PS from food groups and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, VO2 max, and metabolic risk score was assessed by multilinear regression analysis adjusting for several confounders. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine the mean differences of food PS from food groups by HOMA-IR cutoff categories by using maternal education as a covariable. RESULTS: Larger PS from vegetables in both gender and milk, yoghurt, and milk beverages in males were associated with higher VO2 max, while larger PS from margarines and vegetable oils were associated with lower VO2 max (p < 0.05). Males who consumed larger PS from fish and fish products; meat substitutes, nuts, and pulses; cakes, pies, and biscuits; and sugar, honey, jams, and chocolate have a higher metabolic risk score (p < 0.05). Males with lower HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from vegetables, milk, yoghurt, and milk beverages (p < 0.05). Females with lower HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from breakfast cereals, while those with higher HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from butter and animal fats (p = 0.018). CONCLUSION: The results show that larger PS from dairy products, cereals, and high energy dense foods are a significant determinant of IR and VO2 max, and larger PS from food with higher content of sugar were associated with higher metabolic risk score. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Flieh, S M AU - Flieh SM AD - Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: sondosnserat991@gmail.com. FAU - Miguel-Berges, M L AU - Miguel-Berges ML AD - Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2), 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: mlmiguel@unizar.es. FAU - Huybrechts, I AU - Huybrechts I AD - International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372, Lyon, France; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: huybrechtsi@iarc.fr. FAU - Castillo, M J AU - Castillo MJ AD - Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain. Electronic address: mcgarzon@ugr.es. FAU - Gonzalez-Gross, M AU - Gonzalez-Gross M AD - ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: marcela.gonzalez.gross@upm.es. FAU - Marcos, A AU - Marcos A AD - Inmunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frio, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: amarcos@ictan.csic.es. FAU - Gottrand, F AU - Gottrand F AD - Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM U1286 Infinite, F-59000, Lille, France. Electronic address: Frederic.GOTTRAND@chru-lille.fr. FAU - Le Donne, C AU - Le Donne C AD - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: cinzia.ledonne@crea.gov.it. FAU - Widhalm, K AU - Widhalm K AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Academic Institute for Clinical Nutrition, A-3100, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: kurt.widhalm@meduniwien.ac.at. FAU - Molnar, D AU - Molnar D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7624, Pecs, Hungary. Electronic address: molnar.denes@pte.hu. FAU - Stehle, P AU - Stehle P AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: p.stehle@uni-bonn.de. FAU - Kafatos, A AU - Kafatos A AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, GR-71003, Crete, Greece. Electronic address: kafatos@med.uoc.gr. FAU - Dallongeville, J AU - Dallongeville J AD - Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000, Lille, France. Electronic address: Jean.Dallongeville@pasteur-lille.fr. FAU - Gesteiro, E AU - Gesteiro E AD - ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: eva.gesteiro@upm.es. FAU - Abbeddou, S AU - Abbeddou S AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: Souheila.Abbeddou@ugent.be. FAU - Moreno, L A AU - Moreno LA AD - Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2), 50013, Zaragoza, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Aragon (IIS Aragon), 50009, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: lmoreno@unizar.es. FAU - Gonzalez-Gil, E M AU - Gonzalez-Gil EM AD - Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Aragon (IIS Aragon), 50009, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: esthergg@unizar.es. CN - HELENA Study Group LA - eng GR - 001/WHO_/World Health Organization/International PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220531 PL - Netherlands TA - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis JT - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD JID - 9111474 RN - 0 (Sugars) SB - IM MH - Dairy Products MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Male MH - *Metabolic Syndrome MH - Portion Size MH - Sugars OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Food portion size (PS) OT - Insulin resistance (IR) OT - Metabolic syndrome (MS) OT - VO2 max COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. FIR - Coordinator IR - Coordinator FIR - Moreno, L A IR - Moreno LA FIR - Core Group Members IR - Core Group Members FIR - Moreno, L A IR - Moreno LA FIR - Gottrand, F IR - Gottrand F FIR - De Henauw, S IR - De Henauw S FIR - Gonzalez-Gross, M IR - Gonzalez-Gross M FIR - Gilbert, C IR - Gilbert C FIR - Steering Committee IR - Steering Committee FIR - Kafatos, A IR - Kafatos A FIR - Moreno, L A IR - Moreno LA FIR - Libersa, C IR - Libersa C FIR - De Henauw, S IR - De Henauw S FIR - Castello, S IR - Castello S FIR - Gottrand, F IR - Gottrand F FIR - Kersting, M IR - Kersting M FIR - Sjostrom, M IR - Sjostrom M FIR - Molnar, D IR - Molnar D FIR - Gonzalez-Gross, M IR - Gonzalez-Gross M FIR - Dallongeville, J IR - Dallongeville J FIR - Gilbert, C IR - Gilbert C FIR - Hall, G IR - Hall G FIR - Maes, L IR - Maes L FIR - Scalfi, L IR - Scalfi L FIR - Project Manager IR - Project Manager FIR - Melendez, P IR - Melendez P FIR - Moreno, L A IR - Moreno LA IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Casajus, J A IR - Casajus JA IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Fleta, J IR - Fleta J IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Rodriguez, G IR - Rodriguez G IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Tomas, C IR - Tomas C IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Mesana, M I IR - Mesana MI IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Vicente-Rodriguez, G IR - Vicente-Rodriguez G IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Villarroya, A IR - Villarroya A IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Gil, C M IR - Gil CM IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Ara, I IR - Ara I IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Alvira, J F IR - Alvira JF IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Bueno, G IR - Bueno G IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Bueno, O IR - Bueno O IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Leon, J F IR - Leon JF IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Garagorri, J Ma IR - Garagorri JM IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Labayen, I IR - Labayen I IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Iglesia, I IR - Iglesia I IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Bel, S IR - Bel S IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Gracia Marco, L A IR - Gracia Marco LA IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Mouratidou, T IR - Mouratidou T IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Santaliestra-Pasias, A IR - Santaliestra-Pasias A IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Iglesia, I IR - Iglesia I IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Gonzalez-Gil, E IR - Gonzalez-Gil E IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - De Miguel-Etayo, P IR - De Miguel-Etayo P IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Miguel-Berges, M IR - Miguel-Berges M IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Iguacel, I IR - Iguacel I IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Ruperez, A IR - Ruperez A IRAD- Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. FIR - Marcos, A IR - Marcos A IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Warnberg, J IR - Warnberg J IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Nova, E IR - Nova E IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Gomez, S IR - Gomez S IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Diaz, L E IR - Diaz LE IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Romeo, J IR - Romeo J IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Veses, A IR - Veses A IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Zapatera, B IR - Zapatera B IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Pozo, T IR - Pozo T IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Martinez, D IR - Martinez D IRAD- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain. FIR - Beghin, L IR - Beghin L IRAD- Universite de Lille 2, France. FIR - Libersa, C IR - Libersa C IRAD- Universite de Lille 2, France. FIR - Gottrand, F IR - Gottrand F IRAD- Universite de Lille 2, France. FIR - Iliescu, C IR - Iliescu C IRAD- Universite de Lille 2, France. FIR - Von Berlepsch, J IR - Von Berlepsch J IRAD- Universite de Lille 2, France. FIR - Kersting, M IR - Kersting M IRAD- Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Germany. FIR - Sichert-Hellert, W IR - Sichert-Hellert W IRAD- Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Germany. FIR - Koeppen, E IR - Koeppen E IRAD- Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Germany. FIR - Molnar, D IR - Molnar D IRAD- Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem (University of Pecs), Hungary. FIR - Erhardt, E IR - Erhardt E IRAD- Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem (University of Pecs), Hungary. FIR - Csernus, K IR - Csernus K IRAD- Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem (University of Pecs), Hungary. FIR - Torok, K IR - Torok K IRAD- Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem (University of Pecs), Hungary. FIR - Bokor, S IR - Bokor S IRAD- Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem (University of Pecs), Hungary. FIR - Angster, M IR - Angster M IRAD- Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem (University of Pecs), Hungary. FIR - Nagy, E O IR - Nagy EO IRAD- Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem (University of Pecs), Hungary. FIR - Kovacs, O IR - Kovacs O IRAD- Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem (University of Pecs), Hungary. FIR - Repasi, J IR - Repasi J IRAD- Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem (University of Pecs), Hungary. FIR - Kafatos, A IR - Kafatos A IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Codrington, C IR - Codrington C IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Plada, M IR - Plada M IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Papadaki, A IR - Papadaki A IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Sarri, K IR - Sarri K IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Viskadourou, A IR - Viskadourou A IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Hatzis, C IR - Hatzis C IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Kiriakakis, M IR - Kiriakakis M IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Tsibinos, G IR - Tsibinos G IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Vardavas, C IR - Vardavas C IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Sbokos, M IR - Sbokos M IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Protoyeraki, E IR - Protoyeraki E IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Fasoulaki, M IR - Fasoulaki M IRAD- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece. FIR - Stehle, P IR - Stehle P IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Pietrzik, K IR - Pietrzik K IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Gonzalez-Gross, M IR - Gonzalez-Gross M IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Breidenassel, C IR - Breidenassel C IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Spinneker, A IR - Spinneker A IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Al-Tahan, J IR - Al-Tahan J IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Segoviano, M IR - Segoviano M IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Berchtold, A IR - Berchtold A IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Bierschbach, C IR - Bierschbach C IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Blatzheim, E IR - Blatzheim E IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Schuch, A IR - Schuch A IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Pickert, P IR - Pickert P IRAD- Institut fur Ernahrungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Ernahrungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Germany. FIR - Castillo, M J IR - Castillo MJ IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Gutierrez, A IR - Gutierrez A IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Ortega, F B IR - Ortega FB IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Ruiz, J R IR - Ruiz JR IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Artero, E G IR - Artero EG IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Espana, V IR - Espana V IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Jimenez-Pavon, D IR - Jimenez-Pavon D IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Chillon, P IR - Chillon P IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Sanchez-Munoz, C IR - Sanchez-Munoz C IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Cuenca, M IR - Cuenca M IRAD- University of Granada, Spain. FIR - Former Inran IR - Former Inran FIR - Arcella, D IR - Arcella D IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Azzini, E IR - Azzini E IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Barrison, E IR - Barrison E IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Bevilacqua, N IR - Bevilacqua N IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Buonocore, P IR - Buonocore P IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Catasta, G IR - Catasta G IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Censi, L IR - Censi L IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Ciarapica, D IR - Ciarapica D IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - D'Acapito, P IR - D'Acapito P IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Ferrari, M IR - Ferrari M IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Galfo, M IR - Galfo M IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Le Donne, C IR - Le Donne C IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Leclercq, C IR - Leclercq C IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Maiani, G IR - Maiani G IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Mauro, B IR - Mauro B IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Mistura, L IR - Mistura L IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Pasquali, A IR - Pasquali A IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Piccinelli, R IR - Piccinelli R IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Polito, A IR - Polito A IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Roccaldo, R IR - Roccaldo R IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Spada, R IR - Spada R IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Sette, S IR - Sette S IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Zaccaria, M IR - Zaccaria M IRAD- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Italy. FIR - Scalfi, L IR - Scalfi L IRAD- University of Napoli "Federico II" Dept of Food Science, Italy. FIR - Vitaglione, P IR - Vitaglione P IRAD- University of Napoli "Federico II" Dept of Food Science, Italy. FIR - Montagnese, C IR - Montagnese C IRAD- University of Napoli "Federico II" Dept of Food Science, Italy. FIR - De Bourdeaudhuij, I IR - De Bourdeaudhuij I IRAD- Ghent University, Belgium. FIR - De Henauw, S IR - De Henauw S IRAD- Ghent University, Belgium. FIR - De Vriendt, T IR - De Vriendt T IRAD- Ghent University, Belgium. FIR - Maes, L IR - Maes L IRAD- Ghent University, Belgium. FIR - Matthys, C IR - Matthys C IRAD- Ghent University, Belgium. FIR - Vereecken, C IR - Vereecken C IRAD- Ghent University, Belgium. FIR - de Maeyer, M IR - de Maeyer M IRAD- Ghent University, Belgium. FIR - Ottevaere, C IR - Ottevaere C IRAD- Ghent University, Belgium. FIR - Huybrechts, I IR - Huybrechts I IRAD- Ghent University, Belgium. FIR - Widhalm, K IR - Widhalm K IRAD- Medical University of Vienna, Austria. FIR - Phillipp, K IR - Phillipp K IRAD- Medical University of Vienna, Austria. FIR - Dietrich, S IR - Dietrich S IRAD- Medical University of Vienna, Austria. FIR - Kubelka, B IR - Kubelka B IRAD- Medical University of Vienna, Austria. FIR - Boriss-Riedl, M IR - Boriss-Riedl M IRAD- Medical University of Vienna, Austria. FIR - Manios, Y IR - Manios Y IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Grammatikaki, E IR - Grammatikaki E IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Bouloubasi, Z IR - Bouloubasi Z IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Cook, T L IR - Cook TL IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Eleutheriou, S IR - Eleutheriou S IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Consta, O IR - Consta O IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Moschonis, G IR - Moschonis G IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Katsaroli, I IR - Katsaroli I IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Kraniou, G IR - Kraniou G IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Papoutsou, S IR - Papoutsou S IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Keke, D IR - Keke D IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Petraki, I IR - Petraki I IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Bellou, E IR - Bellou E IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Tanagra, S IR - Tanagra S IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Kallianoti, K IR - Kallianoti K IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Argyropoulou, D IR - Argyropoulou D IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Tsikrika, S IR - Tsikrika S IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Karaiskos, C IR - Karaiskos C IRAD- Harokopio University, Greece. FIR - Dallongeville, J IR - Dallongeville J IRAD- Institut Pasteur de Lille, France. FIR - Meirhaeghe, A IR - Meirhaeghe A IRAD- Institut Pasteur de Lille, France. FIR - Sjostrom, M IR - Sjostrom M IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Ruiz, J R IR - Ruiz JR IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Ortega, F B IR - Ortega FB IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Hagstromer, M IR - Hagstromer M IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Wennlof, A H IR - Wennlof AH IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Hallstrom, L IR - Hallstrom L IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Patterson, E IR - Patterson E IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Kwak, L IR - Kwak L IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Warnberg, J IR - Warnberg J IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Rizzo, N IR - Rizzo N IRAD- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. FIR - Sanchez-Molero, J IR - Sanchez-Molero J IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Castello, S IR - Castello S IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Pico, E IR - Pico E IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Navarro, M IR - Navarro M IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Viadel, B IR - Viadel B IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Carreres, J E IR - Carreres JE IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Merino, G IR - Merino G IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Sanjuan, R IR - Sanjuan R IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Lorente, M IR - Lorente M IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Sanchez, M J IR - Sanchez MJ IRAD- Asociacion de Investigacion de la Industria Agroalimentaria, Spain. FIR - Gilbert, C IR - Gilbert C IRAD- Campden BRI, United Kingdom. FIR - Thoma-IRs, S IR - Thoma-IRs S IRAD- Campden BRI, United Kingdom. FIR - Allchurch, E IR - Allchurch E IRAD- Campden BRI, United Kingdom. FIR - Burgess, P IR - Burgess P IRAD- Campden BRI, United Kingdom. FIR - Hall, G IR - Hall G IRAD- SIK - Institutet for Livsmedel och Bioteknik, Sweden. FIR - Astrom, A IR - Astrom A IRAD- SIK - Institutet for Livsmedel och Bioteknik, Sweden. FIR - Sverken, A IR - Sverken A IRAD- SIK - Institutet for Livsmedel och Bioteknik, Sweden. FIR - Broberg, A IR - Broberg A IRAD- SIK - Institutet for Livsmedel och Bioteknik, Sweden. FIR - Masson, A IR - Masson A IRAD- Meurice Recherche & Development asbl, Belgium. FIR - Lehoux, C IR - Lehoux C IRAD- Meurice Recherche & Development asbl, Belgium. FIR - Brabant, P IR - Brabant P IRAD- Meurice Recherche & Development asbl, Belgium. FIR - Pate, P IR - Pate P IRAD- Meurice Recherche & Development asbl, Belgium. FIR - Fontaine, L IR - Fontaine L IRAD- Meurice Recherche & Development asbl, Belgium. FIR - Sebok, A IR - Sebok A IRAD- Campden & Chorleywood Food Development Institute, Hungary. FIR - Kuti, T IR - Kuti T IRAD- Campden & Chorleywood Food Development Institute, Hungary. FIR - Hegyi, A IR - Hegyi A IRAD- Campden & Chorleywood Food Development Institute, Hungary. FIR - Maldonado, C IR - Maldonado C IRAD- Productos Aditivos SA, Spain. FIR - Llorente, A IR - Llorente A IRAD- Productos Aditivos SA, Spain. FIR - Garcia, E IR - Garcia E IRAD- Carnicas Serrano SL, Spain. FIR - von Fircks, H IR - von Fircks H IRAD- Cederroth International AB, Sweden. FIR - Hallberg, M L IR - Hallberg ML IRAD- Cederroth International AB, Sweden. FIR - Messerer, M IR - Messerer M IRAD- Cederroth International AB, Sweden. FIR - Larsson, M IR - Larsson M IRAD- Lantmannen Food R&D, Sweden. FIR - Fredriksson, H IR - Fredriksson H IRAD- Lantmannen Food R&D, Sweden. FIR - Adamsson, V IR - Adamsson V IRAD- Lantmannen Food R&D, Sweden. FIR - Borjesson, I IR - Borjesson I IRAD- Lantmannen Food R&D, Sweden. FIR - Fernandez, L IR - Fernandez L IRAD- European Food Information Council, Belgium. FIR - Smillie, L IR - Smillie L IRAD- European Food Information Council, Belgium. FIR - Wills, J IR - Wills J IRAD- European Food Information Council, Belgium. FIR - Gonzalez-Gross, M IR - Gonzalez-Gross M IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Pedrero-Chamizo, R IR - Pedrero-Chamizo R IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Melendez, A IR - Melendez A IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Valtuena, J IR - Valtuena J IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Jimenez-Pavon, D IR - Jimenez-Pavon D IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Albers, U IR - Albers U IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Benito, P J IR - Benito PJ IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Gomez Lorente, J J IR - Gomez Lorente JJ IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Canada, D IR - Canada D IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Urzanqui, A IR - Urzanqui A IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Torres, R M IR - Torres RM IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. FIR - Navarro, P IR - Navarro P IRAD- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. EDAT- 2022/07/20 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/31 06:00 CRDT- 2022/07/19 07:45 PHST- 2022/02/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/05/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/31 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/19 07:45 [entrez] AID - S0939-4753(22)00227-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.017 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022 Sep;32(9):2061-2073. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.017. Epub 2022 May 31. PMID- 35809833 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220816 LR - 20251031 IS - 1873-3476 (Electronic) IS - 0378-5173 (Linking) VI - 624 DP - 2022 Aug 25 TI - Quality control evaluation of paediatric chocolate-based dosage forms: 3D printing vs mold-casting method. PG - 121991 LID - S0378-5173(22)00546-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121991 [doi] AB - Pharmaceutical compounding is a core activity in the preparation of patient-specific dosage forms. In the current study we aimed to investigate whether 3D printing could be employed for the preparation of pediatric-friendly personalized dosage forms that fulfil the acceptance criteria specified in the pharmacopoeias for conventional dosage forms. We then compared the 3D printed dosage forms with the same formulations prepared with mold-casting, a method frequently applied during pharmaceutical compounding. The molded dosage forms failed to pass most of the quality control tests, including the mass uniformity and content uniformity tests, as well as dose accuracy, contrary to the 3D printed, which not only passed all tests but also enabled precision overdose adjustment. Hence, 3D printing of chocolate-based dosage forms may effectively serve as an acceptable alternative method to mold casting in compounding patient-specific medication at the point-of-care. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Chachlioutaki, Konstantina AU - Chachlioutaki K AD - Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. FAU - Karavasili, Christina AU - Karavasili C AD - Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. Electronic address: karavasc@pharm.auth.gr. FAU - Mavrokefalou, Eleftheria-Eleni AU - Mavrokefalou EE AD - Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. FAU - Gioumouxouzis, Christos I AU - Gioumouxouzis CI AD - Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. FAU - Ritzoulis, Christos AU - Ritzoulis C AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Fatouros, Dimitrios G AU - Fatouros DG AD - Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220707 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Pharm JT - International journal of pharmaceutics JID - 7804127 RN - 0 (Dosage Forms) RN - 0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations) SB - IM MH - Child MH - *Chocolate MH - Dosage Forms MH - Drug Compounding/*methods/standards MH - Humans MH - Pharmaceutical Preparations MH - *Printing, Three-Dimensional MH - Quality Control MH - Technology, Pharmaceutical/*methods/trends OTO - NOTNLM OT - 3D printing OT - Chocolate dosage forms OT - Mold-casting OT - Paediatric drug delivery OT - Patient compliance OT - Pharmaceutical compounding EDAT- 2022/07/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/17 06:00 CRDT- 2022/07/09 19:27 PHST- 2022/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/09 19:27 [entrez] AID - S0378-5173(22)00546-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121991 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Pharm. 2022 Aug 25;624:121991. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121991. Epub 2022 Jul 7. PMID- 35807855 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220712 LR - 20240831 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 13 DP - 2022 Jun 28 TI - Association between Nutritional Behaviours and Acne-Related Quality of Life in a Population of Polish Male Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/nu14132677 [doi] LID - 2677 AB - Acne vulgaris is diagnosed in the majority of adolescents, decreasing their quality of life, while the diet may influence its aetiology in a gender-dependent manner. The aim of the study was to analyse associations between nutritional behaviours and acne-related quality of life in a population of Polish male adolescents. The study was conducted on a population of Polish secondary school adolescents (a studied sample of 925 adolescents), while the random quota sampling procedure of secondary schools was applied. To assess acne-related quality of life, the Acne Quality of Life (AQoL) Scale and Acne Disability Questionnaire (ADQ) were applied, while the Social Quality of Life (SOCQOL) Score and Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) were calculated. To assess the diet, an Acne-specific Food Frequency Questionnaire (Acne-FFQ) was applied. Neither for the ADQ results, nor for the CADI calculated on the basis of ADQ, was there an association with dietary intake (p > 0.05). The results of the SOCQOL Score (calculated on the basis of AQoL) were positively correlated with the intake of fish (p = 0.0085; R = 0.1144), salty snacks (p = 0.0495; R = 0.0854), and non-chocolate confectionary (p = 0.0078; R = 0.1156). In a group of respondents declaring any acne-related quality of life problems in AQoL, while compared with those declaring no such problems, higher intakes of dairy beverages other than milk (p = 0.0063), white bread (p < 0.0001), other white cereal products (p < 0.0001), fast foods (p = 0.0006), salty snacks (p < 0.0001), chocolate confectionary (p < 0.0001), and other confectionary (p < 0.0001), but lower intake of wholegrain bread (p = 0.0084) were observed. It may be concluded that acne-related quality of life is associated with dietary intake in a population of Polish male adolescents. In the studied population, the most prominent influencing factors were salty snacks and non-chocolate confectionary, with both of them having a proacnegenic effect. FAU - Lozynska, Katarzyna AU - Lozynska K AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Glabska, Dominika AU - Glabska D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8588-7357 AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220628 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - *Acne Vulgaris/epidemiology MH - Animals MH - Diet MH - Male MH - Poland/epidemiology MH - *Quality of Life MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC9268073 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acne vulgaris OT - adolescents OT - dermatological diseases OT - diet OT - juvenile acne OT - nutrition OT - quality of life OT - severity of acne COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/28 CRDT- 2022/07/09 01:21 PHST- 2022/05/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/09 01:21 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu14132677 [pii] AID - nutrients-14-02677 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu14132677 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2022 Jun 28;14(13):2677. doi: 10.3390/nu14132677. PMID- 35776502 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220830 IS - 2291-9279 (Print) IS - 2291-9279 (Electronic) VI - 10 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Jul 1 TI - The Effects of a Computer Game (Healthy Rat King) on Preschool Children's Nutritional Knowledge and Junk Food Intake Behavior: Nonrandomized Controlled Trial. PG - e33137 LID - 10.2196/33137 [doi] LID - e33137 AB - BACKGROUND: Playing computer-aided games could enhance children's interest in learning about nutritional knowledge and eventually promote healthy dietary intake behavior. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a computer game (Healthy Rat King) in improving the knowledge on nutrition and junk food intake among preschool children in Taiwan. METHODS: This was a quasi-experimental study that utilized the computer game Healthy Rat King as the nutrition education tool. We recruited 104 preschool children (aged 5-6 years) from preschools in central Taiwan, who were assigned to either the experimental group (n=56) or the control group (n=48). In the experimental group, a 1-hour computer-based educational game intervention was included in the course for 4 consecutive weeks. The control group did not receive this intervention. RESULTS: The level of nutritional knowledge for children in the experimental group was significantly higher than those in the control group after 4 weeks (P=.002). Furthermore, the frequency of consumption of chocolate, candies, and ice cream (high-calorie junk food) was reduced in the experimental group. There was also no significant difference in the consumption of candy and chocolate (P=.54), ice cream and ice pops (P=.21), cake (P=.92), biscuit (P=.98), soft drinks (P=.52), and fruit juice and sugary drinks (P=.31) between the 2 groups in the posttest. CONCLUSIONS: Teaching using a computer game could improve children's nutritional knowledge. However, the intake frequency of junk food among children in the experimental group showed no significant difference from those in the control group. CI - (c)Ing-Chau Chang, Cheng-Ying Yang, Chin-En Yen. Originally published in JMIR Serious Games (https://games.jmir.org), 01.07.2022. FAU - Chang, Ing-Chau AU - Chang IC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9088-9963 AD - Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan. FAU - Yang, Cheng-Ying AU - Yang CY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4905-4600 AD - Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan. FAU - Yen, Chin-En AU - Yen CE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9760-936X AD - Department of Early Childhood Development and Education, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220701 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Serious Games JT - JMIR serious games JID - 101645255 PMC - PMC9288099 OTO - NOTNLM OT - computer games OT - junk food OT - nutrition knowledge COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2022/07/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/02 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/01 CRDT- 2022/07/01 11:54 PHST- 2021/08/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/01 11:54 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/02 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v10i3e33137 [pii] AID - 10.2196/33137 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Serious Games. 2022 Jul 1;10(3):e33137. doi: 10.2196/33137. PMID- 35767765 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220701 LR - 20220701 IS - 1898-2263 (Electronic) IS - 1232-1966 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 2 DP - 2022 Jun 24 TI - Taste preferences of preschoolers and parents' contribution to shaping their children's eating habits in the context of obesity development. PG - 287-293 LID - 147850 [pii] LID - 10.26444/aaem/147850 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Improper diet of children and their preference for sweet taste may be risk factors for the development of obesity and childhood caries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the taste preferences of preschoolers and to estimate the methods used by parents to shape the nutritional behaviour of their children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research covered 108 preschool children and 86 parents. All children completed a pictorial questionnaire containing images of 32 food products. The children expressed their preferences (I really like, I like, I don't like) by choosing the appropriate emoji. The questionnaire for parents concerned the diet of children on days off from kindergarten. The nutritional status of children was evaluated on the basis of the BMI. Children with normal weight/underweight and those overweight / obese were compared using chi(2) or the exact Fisher test. RESULTS: Most preschoolers indicated that they liked the most crisps, jam, sweets, chocolate and sweet drinks. They also enjoyed fruits which are naturally sweet: apples (97%) and bananas (94%). The favourite vegetables were cucumbers (84%), potatoes (83%), and carrots (77%). Children had a tendency to make incorrect food choices. Fast food was very popular, while fish was disliked. Parents reported that children like meatless sweet dishes (crepes, pancakes, dumplings). Such factors as unlimited access to sweets at home (p=0.05) and rewarding/motivation with sweets (p=0.013) were significantly associated with a child's overweight/obesity status. Excess body weight was found in 22.1% of children (overweight - 3.5 %; obesity -18.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Children had a clear preference for sweet taste. Reducing the consumption of sweets and increasing the nutritional awareness of parents and children may prevent the development of childhood obesity. FAU - Strzelecka, Iga AU - Strzelecka I AD - Higher School of Health Promotion, Krakow, Poland. FAU - Lyszczarz, Aleksandra AU - Lyszczarz A AD - Student, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland. FAU - Szpak, Andrzej AU - Szpak A AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland. FAU - Kolarzyk, Emilia AU - Kolarzyk E AD - Higher School of Health Promotion, Krakow, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220413 PL - Poland TA - Ann Agric Environ Med JT - Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM JID - 9500166 SB - IM MH - Body Mass Index MH - Child MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Food Preferences MH - Humans MH - Overweight MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology/etiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Taste OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood caries OT - eating habits OT - nutritional status OT - preschool children OT - taste preferences EDAT- 2022/06/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/02 06:00 CRDT- 2022/06/29 16:02 PHST- 2022/06/29 16:02 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/02 06:00 [medline] AID - 147850 [pii] AID - 10.26444/aaem/147850 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Agric Environ Med. 2022 Jun 24;29(2):287-293. doi: 10.26444/aaem/147850. Epub 2022 Apr 13. PMID- 35674290 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231109 LR - 20231117 IS - 1930-613X (Electronic) IS - 0026-4075 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 11-12 DP - 2023 Nov 3 TI - Correlates of Dietary Behaviors Among Young Emirati Males Completing Compulsory Military Service. PG - 3488-3495 LID - 10.1093/milmed/usac150 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: It is important to understand the correlates of different dietary behaviors in a military context in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to guide intervention development to prevent and treat obesity as it has a significant impact at the country and regional level. This study aimed to assess different dietary behaviors and their association with potential correlates including age, marital status, educational level, smoking status, screen time, dietary knowledge, eating self-efficacy, and general self-efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional design and included 153 (M = 25.9 years, SD = +/- 3.2) military recruits completing their basic training at a single military camp in the UAE. Dietary behaviors of these recruits were measured using the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study. Other potential correlates included dietary knowledge, general self-efficacy, and eating efficacy. The ethical approval was obtained from the research ethics committee in the UAE university. RESULTS: Daily intake of fruits, vegetables, and breakfast was reported by 14.4%, 25.5%, and 22.9% of the military recruits, respectively. Almost half of the recruits (46.4%) consumed sugar-sweetened drinks more than 3 times a week, 39.2% consumed fast food more than 3 times a week, and 37.3% consumed sweets/chocolates more than 3 times a week. Bivariate regression analyses revealed that eating self-efficacy was positively associated with breakfast and dairy food consumption, although it was inversely associated with sugar, fast-food, and French fries intake. Age was significantly and inversely associated with sugar, fast-food, and energy drink intake. Moreover, nutrition knowledge was significantly and positively correlated with vegetable intake and negatively correlated with energy drink consumption. Multiple regressions showed that lower age and lower eating self-efficacy were found to be the main predictors for sugar-sweetened drinks (adjusted R2 = 0.112) and fast-food intake (adjusted R2 = 0.084). Also, a higher dietary knowledge score was a predictor of vegetable intake (adjusted R2 = 0.093), although age and smoking predict energy drink intake (adjusted R2 = 0.225). CONCLUSIONS: The results show that unhealthy eating patterns are common among new recruits in the UAE military. The study suggests that age, eating self-efficacy, and nutrition knowledge are the main correlates of selected dietary behaviors. Interventions are advised to target these correlates to achieve healthier dietary habits inside the military. CI - (c) The Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2022. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Malkawi, Ahmad M AU - Malkawi AM AD - Department of Health Promotion, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherland. FAU - Meertens, Ree M AU - Meertens RM AD - Department of Health Promotion, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, and Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands. FAU - Kremers, Stef P J AU - Kremers SPJ AD - Department of Health Promotion, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherland. FAU - van der Borgh-Sleddens, Ester F C AU - van der Borgh-Sleddens EFC AD - Mondriaan Mental Health Center, Heerlen 6419 XZ, The Netherlands. FAU - Picknell, Gareth C AU - Picknell GC AD - Physical Readiness Department, National Service and Reserve Authority, Ministry of Defence, Abu Dhabi, UAE. FAU - Al Shehhi, Mouza AU - Al Shehhi M AD - 3Dimensions Physical Performance LLC, Khalifa Commercial Center, Abu Dhabi, UAE. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Mil Med JT - Military medicine JID - 2984771R RN - 0 (Sugars) SB - IM MH - Male MH - Adolescent MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - United Arab Emirates/epidemiology MH - *Military Personnel MH - Diet MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Sugars EDAT- 2022/06/09 06:00 MHDA- 2023/11/09 06:41 CRDT- 2022/06/08 07:33 PHST- 2022/02/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/09 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/08 07:33 [entrez] AID - 6604225 [pii] AID - 10.1093/milmed/usac150 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mil Med. 2023 Nov 3;188(11-12):3488-3495. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usac150. PMID- 35655653 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230916 IS - 1687-918X (Print) IS - 1687-9198 (Electronic) VI - 2022 DP - 2022 TI - Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Haemophilus influenzae Isolated from School Children with Acute Otitis Media. PG - 5391291 LID - 10.1155/2022/5391291 [doi] LID - 5391291 AB - Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterial pathogen of the human respiratory tract. This study describes the prevalence, serotype distribution, and susceptibility profiles of H. influenzae strains isolated from the nasopharynx of school children with acute otitis media (AOM) in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. H. influenzae was isolated from nasopharyngeal swab specimens using chocolate agar plates supplemented with IsoVitaleX and bacitracin. Serotyping was performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined using a microdilution broth assay. H. influenzae was present in 69.7% of samples (85/122). Nontypeable H. influenzae (NHTi) was the most common serotype (95.3%), followed by H. influenzae type b (3.5%) and H. influenzae type f (1.2%). All the H. influenzae isolates were susceptible to levofloxacin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, meropenem, cefuroxime, and cefixime. Most isolates were susceptible to sparfloxacin (99%), cefepime (99%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 2 : 1 (99%), ampicillin/sulbactam 2 : 1 (96%), chloramphenicol (94%), tetracycline (93%), ampicillin (87%), and clarithromycin (82%). Nineteen percent of the isolates were resistant to cotrimoxazole, and 11% of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin. This study showed that H. influenzae carriage among samples was dominated by NTHi and less susceptible to cotrimoxazole. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Dodi Safari et al. FAU - Safari, Dodi AU - Safari D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7639-7441 AD - Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology/Pusat Riset Biologi Molekuler Eijkman, Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia. FAU - Wahyono, Daniel Joko AU - Wahyono DJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3298-0272 AD - Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia. FAU - Tafroji, Wisnu AU - Tafroji W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0622-7022 AD - Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology/Pusat Riset Biologi Molekuler Eijkman, Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia. FAU - Darmawan, Anton Budhi AU - Darmawan AB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6054-4438 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia. FAU - Winarti, Yayah AU - Winarti Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5576-417X AD - Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology/Pusat Riset Biologi Molekuler Eijkman, Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia. FAU - Kusdaryanto, Wahyu Dwi AU - Kusdaryanto WD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0866-3661 AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia. FAU - Paramaiswari, Wisiva Tofriska AU - Paramaiswari WT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2808-5248 AD - Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology/Pusat Riset Biologi Molekuler Eijkman, Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia. FAU - Pramono, Hendro AU - Pramono H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0022-0877 AD - Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia. FAU - Pratiwi, Meyta AU - Pratiwi M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4526-1741 AD - Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia. FAU - Chamadi, Muhamad Riza AU - Chamadi MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1368-6617 AD - Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220523 PL - United States TA - Int J Microbiol JT - International journal of microbiology JID - 101516125 PMC - PMC9152372 COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/06/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/04 06:01 PMCR- 2022/05/23 CRDT- 2022/06/03 02:16 PHST- 2021/08/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/05/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/03 02:16 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/04 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2022/5391291 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Microbiol. 2022 May 23;2022:5391291. doi: 10.1155/2022/5391291. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35637083 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220719 LR - 20220803 IS - 1590-3729 (Electronic) IS - 0939-4753 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 8 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Changes in (poly)phenols intake and metabolic syndrome risk over ten years from adolescence to adulthood. PG - 1830-1840 LID - S0939-4753(22)00186-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.04.015 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: (Poly)phenols might contribute to prevent cardiovascular disease, but limited prospective studies exist among adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate within-subject longitudinal changes in (poly)phenols intakes and food group contributors while also exploring the association with metabolic syndrome risk (MetS) during 10 years of follow up in European adolescents becoming young adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 164 participants (58% girls, 13-18 y at baseline) from Ghent, Zaragoza and Lille, longitudinal data (2006-2016) on (poly)phenol intake was retrieved via 2 or 3 24 h recalls. Linear and logistic longitudinal regression tested the association of (poly)phenols intake (total and classes) with Mets risk or its components (waist-height-ratio, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure and insulin resistance index), adjusted for age, sex, country and other nutrient intakes. The total (poly)phenols intake was 421 +/- 107 mg/day (192 mg/1000 kcal/day) at baseline, while 610 +/- 101 mg/day (311 mg/1000 kcal/day) at follow-up. The three major food sources for (poly)phenols were 'chocolate', 'fruit and vegetable juices', 'cakes and biscuits' during adolescence and 'coffee', 'tea' and 'chocolate' during adulthood. Phenolic acid intake was associated with less LDL increase over time, while stilbene intake with a steeper increase in triglycerides over time. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in major (poly)phenols contributors over time were partially explained by age-specific dietary changes like increased coffee and tea during adulthood. Some significant (poly)phenols-MetS associations might argue for nutrition-based disease prevention during adolescence, especially since adolescents had low (poly)phenols intake. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Wisnuwardani, Ratih W AU - Wisnuwardani RW AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C.Heymanslaan 10 - 4K3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Departments of Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Electronic address: ratih@fkm.unmul.ac.id. FAU - De Henauw, Stefaan AU - De Henauw S AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C.Heymanslaan 10 - 4K3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: Stefaan.DeHenauw@UGent.be. FAU - Beghin, Laurent AU - Beghin L AD - Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC 1403 - Centre D'investigation Clinique, F-59000 Lille, France; Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France. Electronic address: Laurent.BEGHIN@CHRU-LILLE.FR. FAU - Mesana, Maria Isabel AU - Mesana MI AD - GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: maribelmesana@gmail.com. FAU - Gottrand, Frederic AU - Gottrand F AD - Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC 1403 - Centre D'investigation Clinique, F-59000 Lille, France; Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France. Electronic address: Frederic.GOTTRAND@chru-lille.fr. FAU - Moreno, Luis A AU - Moreno LA AD - GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2) and Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (IIS Aragon), Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de La Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: lmoreno@unizar.es. FAU - Michels, Nathalie AU - Michels N AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C.Heymanslaan 10 - 4K3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: Nathalie.Michels@ugent.be. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220422 PL - Netherlands TA - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis JT - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD JID - 9111474 RN - 0 (Phenols) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Phenols/adverse effects MH - Prospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Triglycerides MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - (Poly)phenols OT - Adolescents OT - Lignans OT - Longitudinal OT - Low-density lipoprotein OT - Metabolic syndrome OT - Triglycerides COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated. EDAT- 2022/06/01 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/20 06:00 CRDT- 2022/05/31 13:41 PHST- 2021/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/06/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/31 13:41 [entrez] AID - S0939-4753(22)00186-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.04.015 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022 Aug;32(8):1830-1840. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.04.015. Epub 2022 Apr 22. PMID- 35619826 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220530 LR - 20220803 IS - 2296-2565 (Electronic) IS - 2296-2565 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2022 TI - Adolescent Obesity Prevention in Saudi Arabia: Co-identifying Actionable Priorities for Interventions. PG - 863765 LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.863765 [doi] LID - 863765 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a serious issue in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, but there is no known community intervention. The aim of the study was to use a participatory approach to obtain the perspectives of students, school staff and Ministry of Education (MoE) representatives and parents on important and feasible intervention opportunities for school-based obesity prevention for adolescent girls. METHOD: The study was conducted in two intermediate schools for girls (13-15 years old) in Jeddah that were purposefully identified with the support of the MoE. Group concept mapping, a mixed method approach, was conducted with 19 adults which included staff from the MoE and schools, school canteen suppliers and mothers. Adults generated statements in response to two prompts (P); P1 "The factors influencing adolescent obesity in Saudi are..." and P2 "The content of school-based programmes should focus on...." Photovoice-enhanced concept mapping was used with students (n = 15 students) to capture adolescent perspectives on what influences their dietary and physical activity habits. Students generated statements' using their own photographs. Stakeholders, both adult and students, sorted the statements into themes and rated each statement for relative importance and feasibility. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analyses were used to produce concept maps with the input from students and adults. RESULT: Adults generated 35 statements in response to P1 and identified five themes that influenced adolescent obesity including "Home Environment," "Lifestyle," "School Environment," "Community," "Biology." They generated 42 statements in relation to P2 and identified four themes including "Ministry of Education Support," "School Environment," "Public health programmes" and "Wider environmental influences." Students generated 42 statements from 39 pictures. They identified five themes that influenced their dietary and physical activity habits-"Role of Government," "School Environment," "Home Environment," "Retail Environment" and "Cultural Practices." Both groups identified several common important and feasible actions with a strong emphasis on improving the school environment, in particular food provision, with MoE support. Exemplar corresponding statements from adults were "Offer healthy foods in the canteen," "Remove chocolates and sweets" and "Educate children about healthy foods" and from students were "Offer fruit and vegetables in the canteen," "Remove chocolates from the canteen," "Healthy meals should not expensive." Lack of correspondence related to students' emphasis on access to both healthy foods and physical activity in schools and the wider environment (e.g. retail environments), while adults emphasized school-based education and food provision. After further consultations, both stakeholder groups agreed on improving access to healthy foods in the canteen. CONCLUSIONS: Students and school and MoE staff jointly agreed that a canteen-based intervention was important and feasible to improve dietary habits and thus help to prevent obesity among adolescent girls. This was the first time a participatory approach was used with students for intervention development in Saudi Arabia. A co-development approach may have value to improve their school food environments. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Almughamisi, O'Keeffe and Harding. FAU - Almughamisi, Manal AU - Almughamisi M AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - O'Keeffe, Majella AU - O'Keeffe M AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. AD - School of Food and Nutritional Science, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. FAU - Harding, Seeromanie AU - Harding S AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. AD - Department of Population Health Sciences and Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - MR/N015959/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/S009035/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MR/R022739/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220510 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Public Health JT - Frontiers in public health JID - 101616579 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control MH - Saudi Arabia MH - Schools MH - Students PMC - PMC9128526 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - concept mapping OT - intervention OT - obesity OT - prevention COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/05/28 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/31 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/10 CRDT- 2022/05/27 02:17 PHST- 2022/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/27 02:17 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/31 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.863765 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Public Health. 2022 May 10;10:863765. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.863765. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35616894 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220530 LR - 20220601 IS - 1399-3038 (Electronic) IS - 0905-6157 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May TI - Food allergy in early childhood increases the risk of oral allergy syndrome in schoolchildren: A birth cohort study. PG - e13786 LID - 10.1111/pai.13786 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The level of pollen in Korea has increased over recent decades. Research suggests that oral allergy syndrome (OAS) may be more frequent in childhood than previously recognized. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of OAS in children aged 6-10 years from a general-population-based birth cohort. METHODS: We analyzed 930 children from the cohort for childhood origin of asthma and allergic diseases (COCOA). Allergic diseases were diagnosed annually by pediatric allergists. The skin prick tests were performed with 14 common inhalant allergens and four food allergens for the general population of children aged 3 and 7 years. RESULTS: Of the 930 eligible children, 44 (4.7%) aged 6-10 years were diagnosed with OAS. The mean age at onset was 6.74 years. OAS prevalence was 7.2% among children with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 19.1% among those with pollinosis, depending on comorbidity. OAS was more prevalent in schoolchildren with atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and sensitization to food allergens and grass pollen in early childhood. In schoolchildren with AR, only a history of food allergy until the age of 3 years increased the risk of OAS (aOR 2.971, 95% CI: 1.159-7.615). CONCLUSION: Food allergy and food sensitization in early childhood were associated with OAS in schoolchildren with AR. Further study is required to elucidate the mechanism by which food allergy in early childhood affects the development of OAS. CI - (c) 2022 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd. FAU - Song, Kun-Baek AU - Song KB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6981-6292 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Park, Min Jee AU - Park MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0891-1311 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1122-1592 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Jung, Sungsu AU - Jung S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0559-4982 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea. FAU - Yoon, Jisun AU - Yoon J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Cho, Hyun-Ju AU - Cho HJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea. FAU - Kim, Bong-Seong AU - Kim BS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3562-3916 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7751-9829 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4529-6135 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3227-5511 AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7817-8728 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1409-2113 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2499-0702 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Pediatr Allergy Immunol JT - Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology JID - 9106718 RN - 0 (Allergens) SB - IM CIN - Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2022 May;33(5):e13788. doi: 10.1111/pai.13788. PMID: 35616892 MH - Allergens MH - Birth Cohort MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis MH - Humans MH - *Rhinitis, Allergic MH - *Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/diagnosis MH - Skin Tests OTO - NOTNLM OT - allergic rhinitis OT - birth cohort OT - children OT - food allergy OT - food sensitization OT - oral allergy syndrome OT - prevalence EDAT- 2022/05/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/31 06:00 CRDT- 2022/05/26 11:30 PHST- 2022/04/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/26 11:30 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/31 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1111/pai.13786 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2022 May;33(5):e13786. doi: 10.1111/pai.13786. PMID- 35533418 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220608 LR - 20240216 IS - 1873-7838 (Electronic) IS - 0010-0277 (Linking) VI - 225 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Children's understanding of most is dependent on context. PG - 105149 LID - S0010-0277(22)00137-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105149 [doi] AB - Children struggle with the quantifier "most". Often, this difficulty is attributed to an inability to interpret most proportionally, with children instead relying on absolute quantity comparisons. However, recent research in proportional reasoning more generally has provided new insight into children's apparent difficulties, revealing that their overreliance on absolute amount is unique to contexts in which the absolute amount can be counted and interferes with proportional information. Across two experiments, we test whether 4- to 6-year-old children's interpretation of most is similarly dependent on the discreteness of the stimuli when comparing two different quantities (e.g., who ate most of their chocolate?) and when verifying whether a single amount can be described with the term most (e.g., is most of the butterfly colored in?). We find that children's interpretation of most does depend on the stimulus format. When choosing between absolutely more vs. proportionally more as depicting most, children showed stronger absolute-based errors with discrete stimuli than continuous stimuli, and by 6-years-old were able to reason proportionally with continuous stimuli, despite still demonstrating strong absolute interference with discrete stimuli. In contrast, children's yes/no judgements of single amounts, where conflicting absolute information is not a factor, showed a weaker understanding of most for continuous stimuli than for discrete stimuli. Together, these results suggest that children's difficulty with most is more nuanced than previously understood: it depends on the format and availability of proportional vs. absolute amounts and develops substantially from 4- to 6-years-old. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Hurst, Michelle A AU - Hurst MA AD - University of Chicago, USA. Electronic address: hurstm@uchicago.edu. FAU - Levine, Susan C AU - Levine SC AD - University of Chicago, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220506 PL - Netherlands TA - Cognition JT - Cognition JID - 0367541 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Humans MH - *Judgment OTO - NOTNLM OT - Most OT - Numerical interference OT - Proportion OT - Quantifiers EDAT- 2022/05/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/09 06:00 CRDT- 2022/05/09 18:13 PHST- 2021/08/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/09 18:13 [entrez] AID - S0010-0277(22)00137-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105149 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cognition. 2022 Aug;225:105149. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105149. Epub 2022 May 6. PMID- 35512772 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220721 LR - 20250530 IS - 2769-707X (Electronic) IS - 2769-7061 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 5 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Social Environment and Food and Beverage Intake in European Adolescents: The Helena Study. PG - 468-480 LID - 10.1080/07315724.2021.1917462 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The family environment influences food consumption and behaviours, which impact adolescent's eating habits, diet and health. Young individuals who frequently eat family meals are less likely to develop risk- and behaviour-related outcomes as obesity. AIM: To assess the relationship between the family meal environment and food and macronutrient consumption in European adolescents. METHODS: 1,703 adolescents aged 12.5-17.5 years (46.5% male) from the European HELENA cross-sectional study were selected. Sociodemographic variables and dietary intake using two non-consecutive self-reported 24-hour dietary recalls were collected from all the included participants. The relationship between family meals' environment and food and macronutrient consumption was analized using analysis of covariance. RESULTS: Adolescents who used to take their main meals with their family were associated with high consumption of healthy foods and beverages (i.e. vegetables, fruit, milk, water) and low consumption of energy dense food and beverages as chocolate, savoury snacks, sugar or juices compared with those who used to eat alone, with friends or other people (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The company/people with whom adolescents consume their meal have an important influence on the adolescent's consumption of different types of food (especially at lunch). Family's environment during meals has been associated with a high consumption of healthy foods. FAU - Santaliestra-Pasias, Alba M AU - Santaliestra-Pasias AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0303-7912 AD - GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Felez, Alicia Perez AU - Felez AP AD - GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Huybrechts, Inge AU - Huybrechts I AD - Department of Public Health and Primare Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. AD - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. FAU - Censi, Laura AU - Censi L AD - CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy. FAU - Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela AU - Gonzalez-Gross M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7757-3235 AD - ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences-Nutritional Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Forsner, Maria AU - Forsner M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1169-2172 AD - Department of Nursing, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. AD - School of Education, Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden. FAU - Sjostrom, Michael AU - Sjostrom M AD - Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. FAU - Lambrinou, Christina P AU - Lambrinou CP AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. FAU - Amaro, Francisco AU - Amaro F AD - Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. FAU - Kersting, Mathilde AU - Kersting M AD - Research Department of Child Nutrition, Pediatric University Clinic, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany. FAU - Molnar, Denes AU - Molnar D AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary. FAU - Kafatos, Anthony AU - Kafatos A AD - School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece. AD - Argonafton 47, Ilioupolis, Athens, Greece. FAU - De Henauw, Stefaan AU - De Henauw S AD - Department of Public Health and Primare Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Beghin, Laurent AU - Beghin L AD - University Lille, CHU Lille, Clinical Investigation Center, CIC-1403-Inserm-CHU, Lille, France. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Dellallongeville, Jean AU - Dellallongeville J AD - University Lille, CHU Lille, Clinical Investigation Center, CIC-1403-Inserm-CHU, Lille, France. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Widhalm, Kurt AU - Widhalm K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. AD - Department of Consumer & Sensory Sciences, Campden BRI, Gloucestershire, UK. FAU - Gilbert, Chantal AU - Gilbert C AD - Inmunonutrition Research Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain. FAU - Marcos, Ascension AU - Marcos A AD - Instituto Pensi-Fundacao Jose Luiz Setubal and Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Fisberg, Mauro AU - Fisberg M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2992-3215 AD - Paris-Descartes Medical School, Universite Paris-Cite-Sorbonne, Paris, France. FAU - Goulet, Olivier AU - Goulet O AD - GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. FAU - Moreno, And Luis A AU - Moreno ALA AD - GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. AD - Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain. AD - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. CN - HELENA study group AD - See Supplement 1. LA - eng GR - 001/WHO_/World Health Organization/International PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220404 PL - United States TA - J Am Nutr Assoc JT - Journal of the American Nutrition Association JID - 9918300687506676 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Beverages MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Energy Intake MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Social Environment MH - Vegetables OTO - NOTNLM OT - Family meals OT - HELENA study OT - adolescent OT - food groups OT - macronutrients EDAT- 2022/05/06 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/22 06:00 CRDT- 2022/05/05 19:53 PHST- 2022/05/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/05 19:53 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/07315724.2021.1917462 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Nutr Assoc. 2022 Jul;41(5):468-480. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1917462. Epub 2022 Apr 4. PMID- 35498977 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220716 IS - 2590-1575 (Electronic) IS - 2590-1575 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 Mar 30 TI - Results of the BfR MEAL Study: The food type has a stronger impact on calcium, potassium and phosphorus levels than factors such as seasonality, regionality and type of production. PG - 100221 LID - 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100221 [doi] LID - 100221 AB - The BfR MEAL Study aims to provide representative levels of chemical substances in foods consumed by the population in Germany for dietary exposure assessment. Calcium, potassium and phosphorus (Ca, K, P) are essential to obtain physiological functions in humans. Levels were investigated in 356 foods. Foods were purchased representatively, prepared as typically consumed and pooled before analysis. High mean levels were found in milk, dairy products, legumes, nuts, oilseeds and spices as well as chia seeds (Ca, K, P), chewing gum (Ca) and cocoa powder (K). Different levels comparing organically and conventionally produced foods were determined among others in cereal cracker (puffed), olives and tofu. Higher K levels were found in fried compared to boiled potatoes. Similar P levels were mainly found in regionally and seasonally sampled foods. These data provide a substantially improved basis to address dietary exposure assessment of the population in Germany for Ca, K and P. CI - (c) 2022 The Author(s). FAU - Schwerbel, Kristin AU - Schwerbel K AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Tungerthal, Madlen AU - Tungerthal M AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Nagl, Britta AU - Nagl B AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Niemann, Birgit AU - Niemann B AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Drosser, Carina AU - Drosser C AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Bergelt, Sophia AU - Bergelt S AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Uhlig, Katrin AU - Uhlig K AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Hopfner, Tobias AU - Hopfner T AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Greiner, Matthias AU - Greiner M AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Lindtner, Oliver AU - Lindtner O AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. FAU - Sarvan, Irmela AU - Sarvan I AD - German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220119 PL - Netherlands TA - Food Chem X JT - Food chemistry: X JID - 101751436 PMC - PMC9039896 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BLE, Federal Office for Agriculture and Food OT - BMEL, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture OT - BfR MEAL Study OT - BfR, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment OT - Ca, Calcium OT - Calcium OT - Calcium (PubChem CID5460341) OT - ICP-MS, Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry OT - K, Potassium OT - Kg, Kilogram OT - LOD, Limit of Quantification OT - LOQ, Limit of Detection OT - MEAL, Meals for exposure assessment and analysis of foods OT - Mg, Milligram OT - NEMONIT, German National Nutrition Monitoring OT - NVS, German National Nutrition Survey OT - Organic and conventional type of production OT - P, Phosphorus OT - Phosphorus OT - Phosphorus (PubChem CID5462309) OT - Potassium OT - Potassium (PubChem CID5462222) OT - Regionality OT - SD, Standard deviation OT - Seasonality OT - TDS, Total diet study OT - Total diet study OT - UB, Upper bound OT - Unprepared and prepared foods OT - VELS, Verzehrsstudie zur Ermittlung der Lebensmittelaufnahme von Sauglingen und Kleinkindern (a nutrition survey for children) OT - mLB, Modified lower bound OT - min, Minutes OT - ml, Milliliters OT - n, Number OT - p, P value for significance OT - v/v, Volume percent OT - w/w, Weight by weight COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/05/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/03 06:01 PMCR- 2022/01/19 CRDT- 2022/05/02 07:16 PHST- 2021/11/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/02 07:16 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/03 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2590-1575(22)00019-0 [pii] AID - 100221 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100221 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Food Chem X. 2022 Jan 19;13:100221. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100221. eCollection 2022 Mar 30. PMID- 35458229 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220426 LR - 20230308 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 8 DP - 2022 Apr 16 TI - Dietary Intake of Individual (Intrinsic and Added) Sugars and Food Sources from Spanish Children Aged One to <10 Years-Results from the EsNuPI Study. LID - 10.3390/nu14081667 [doi] LID - 1667 AB - Currently, in Spain there are no studies assessing the intakes and sources of intrinsic and added sugars by both children consuming standard milks and children regularly consuming adapted milk formulas. Our goal was to evaluate current sugar intake levels (intrinsic and added) and their major dietary sources within the EsNuPI study participants by applying two 24-h dietary recalls that were completed by 1448 children (1 to <10 years) divided into two subsamples: One "Spanish Reference Sample" (SRS) of the general population (n = 707) and another sample which included children consuming adapted milks including follow-on milk, toddler's or growing up milk and fortified and enriched milks, here called "Adapted Milk Consumers Sample" (AMS) (n = 741). Estimates of intrinsic and added sugar intakes from the Spanish EsNuPI population as well as the adherence to recommendations varied notably according to age segment, but no major differences between subsamples were found. Younger children (1 to <3 years) showed the highest added sugar contribution to total energy intake (TEI) (SRS: 12.5% for boys and 11.7% for girls; AMS: 12.2% for boys and 11.3% for girls) and the lowest adherence to recommendations set at <10% TEI (SRS: 27.4% for boys and 37.2% for girls; AMS: 31.3% for boys and 34.7% for girls). Adherence increased with age but remains inadequate, with approximately one in two children from the older age segment (6 to <10 years) exceeding the recommendations. Main food sources of intrinsic sugars for both subsamples were milk and dairy products, fruits, vegetables and cereals, while for added sugars, these were milk and dairy products (mainly yogurts), sugars and sweets (mainly sugary cocoa and nougat), bakery products (mainly cookies) and cereals (mainly bread and wheat flour). However, for the AMS, the groups milk and dairy products and cereals showed a significantly lower contribution to intrinsic sugar intake but a significantly higher contribution to that of added sugars. These results demonstrate that sugar intake and the adherence to recommendations in the studied population varied notably according to age but not to the type of milk consumed. In addition, our results highlight the need to monitor the consumption of added sugars by the infant population, as well as the need to make efforts to facilitate this task, such as harmonizing the recommendations regarding free/added sugars and the inclusion of information on their content on the nutritional labeling of products in order to incorporate them into food composition databases. FAU - Redruello-Requejo, Marina AU - Redruello-Requejo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9193-392X AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for life)", ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain. FAU - Samaniego-Vaesken, Maria de Lourdes AU - Samaniego-Vaesken ML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7323-4420 AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for life)", ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain. FAU - Partearroyo, Teresa AU - Partearroyo T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4401-1233 AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for life)", ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain. FAU - Rodriguez-Alonso, Paula AU - Rodriguez-Alonso P AD - Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), c/General Alvarez de Castro 20, 1apta, 28010 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Soto-Mendez, Maria Jose AU - Soto-Mendez MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1012-4715 AD - Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation (FINUT), Av. del Conocimiento 12, 3a pta, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain. FAU - Hernandez-Ruiz, Angela AU - Hernandez-Ruiz A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5957-0372 AD - Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation (FINUT), Av. del Conocimiento 12, 3a pta, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain. FAU - Villoslada, Federico Lara AU - Villoslada FL AD - Instituto de Nutricion Puleva, Camino de Purchil 66, 18004 Granada, Spain. FAU - Leis, Rosaura AU - Leis R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0540-4210 AD - Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), c/General Alvarez de Castro 20, 1apta, 28010 Madrid, Spain. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, IDIS, ISCIII, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15700 Santiago de Compostela, Spain. AD - CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Martinez de Victoria, Emilio AU - Martinez de Victoria E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2507-6541 AD - Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation (FINUT), Av. del Conocimiento 12, 3a pta, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja, University of Granada, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain. FAU - Moreno, Jose Manuel AU - Moreno JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6623-6783 AD - Pediatric Department, Calle Marquesado de Sta. Marta 1, University of Navarra Clinic, 28027 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Ortega, Rosa M AU - Ortega RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3837-9450 AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Ruiz-Lopez, Maria Dolores AU - Ruiz-Lopez MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8523-0689 AD - Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation (FINUT), Av. del Conocimiento 12, 3a pta, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja, s.n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain. AD - Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix," Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnologico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain. FAU - Gil, Angel AU - Gil A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7663-0939 AD - Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation (FINUT), Av. del Conocimiento 12, 3a pta, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain. AD - CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain. AD - Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix," Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnologico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain. AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s.n, 18071 Granada, Spain. FAU - Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio AU - Varela-Moreiras G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5158-4999 AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for life)", ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain. LA - eng GR - Contract with FINUT and FEN/Instituto Puleva de Nutricion (IPN)/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220416 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Sugars) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Diet MH - Eating MH - Energy Intake MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - *Flour MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Milk MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - *Sugars MH - Triticum PMC - PMC9024444 OTO - NOTNLM OT - EsNuPI study OT - Spanish children OT - added sugar OT - dietary habits OT - feeding behavior OT - free sugars OT - intrinsic sugar OT - nutrition assessment OT - pediatric nutrition OT - pediatrics COIS- The funding sponsor had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of the data; in the writing of the manuscript; and in the decision to publish the results. The authors declare no conflict of interest, with the exception of Federico Lara-Villoslada who is a member of the IPN. EDAT- 2022/04/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/27 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/16 CRDT- 2022/04/23 01:14 PHST- 2022/02/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/23 01:14 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu14081667 [pii] AID - nutrients-14-01667 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu14081667 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2022 Apr 16;14(8):1667. doi: 10.3390/nu14081667. PMID- 35458133 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220426 LR - 20260927 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 8 DP - 2022 Apr 10 TI - The Risk of Undeclared Allergens on Food Labels for Pediatric Patients in the European Union. LID - 10.3390/nu14081571 [doi] LID - 1571 AB - The dietary avoidance of allergens has been widely recognized as the key intervention in the management of food allergies, but the presence of undeclared allergens makes compliance difficult. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of undeclared allergens in food labeling through RASFF notifications in the European Union, focusing on those allergens that frequently affect the pediatric population and the implicated products, so as to provide useful information for its risk evaluation and the development of educational materials for patients. The results showed milk (20.5%), gluten (14.8%), and nuts (10.9%) to be the pediatric allergens with higher presences. In 80% of the notifications concerning milk and milk derivatives, the specific compound present (lactose or lactoprotein) was not identified. They were mainly present in cereal and bakery products, prepared dishes and snacks, and cacao and confectionery products, all of which are frequently consumed by the pediatric population. The large quantity (7.6%) of undeclared allergens in "free-from-allergen" products was also remarkable, especially in regard to the supposedly not-present allergens. Undeclared allergens in food products pose an evident risk for allergic patients and knowledge of them should take a relevant role in a patient's nutritional education. It is also necessary to raise awareness among manufacturers and safety authorities. FAU - Martinez-Pineda, Montserrat AU - Martinez-Pineda M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8952-4481 AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain. FAU - Yague-Ruiz, Cristina AU - Yague-Ruiz C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0224-9988 AD - Faculty of Health and Sports Science, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain. LA - eng GR - Grupo A06-20R/The Government of Aragon./ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220410 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Allergens) SB - IM MH - *Allergens/analysis MH - Animals MH - Child MH - European Union MH - *Food Hypersensitivity/epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Food Labeling MH - Humans MH - Milk/chemistry PMC - PMC9026746 OTO - NOTNLM OT - RASFF OT - food allergies OT - pediatric OT - risk OT - undeclared allergens COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/04/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/27 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/10 CRDT- 2022/04/23 01:14 PHST- 2022/03/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/23 01:14 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu14081571 [pii] AID - nutrients-14-01571 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu14081571 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2022 Apr 10;14(8):1571. doi: 10.3390/nu14081571. PMID- 35427384 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220419 LR - 20220716 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 4 DP - 2022 TI - Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in cancer patients. PG - e0266919 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0266919 [doi] LID - e0266919 AB - BACKGROUND: Bloodstream infections have been the leading complications in cancer patients because they are at high risk for antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. There is increasing evidence from different parts of the world of the high prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial strains in cancer patients. The burden of the infection is high in developing countries, especially in Ethiopia. Data on bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among cancer patients in Ethiopia is limited. Thus, this study aimed to determine the predominant bacterial species causing bacteremia and their antibiotic resistance pattern among cancer patients at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital. METHODS: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 study participants from March to July 2021. All cancer patients who developed a fever at the time of hospital visit were included in this study, and their socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples (10 mL for adults and 4 mL for children) were collected from each patient, and the collected blood samples were transferred into sterile tryptic soy broth, then incubated at 37 degrees C for 7 days. Tryptic soy broth which showed signs of growth were Gram-stained and sub-cultured on blood agar, chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and mannitol salt agar. The inoculated plates were then aerobically incubated at 37 degrees C for 18-24 hours and the isolates obtained were identified using standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done using a modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique following CLSI 2021 guidelines. Data were entered using EPI data version 4.6 and analyzed with SPSS version 20. RESULTS: In this study, out of 200 cancer patients included and 67.5% (135/200) of them were males. The majorities of study participants, 56% (113/200) of cancer patients were pediatrics and 26.5% (53/200) of them belong under five years of age. Out of 200 patient samples that had undergone culture, 27% (54/200) samples had bacterial growth. Gram-positive bacterial isolates were predominant, 61.1%, and S. aureus was the predominant Gram-positive isolate, (51.5.6%), followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci (48.5%). Moreover, K. pneumoniae (47%) and P. aeruginosa (29.5%) were the most common Gram-negative bacterial isolates. Among patients who had BSIs, the highest prevalence of BSIs was observed among males (66.7%), and in pediatrics cancer patients (44.2%). Pediatric study participants were more venerable to bloodstream infection (P = 0.000) compared to adult participants. Meropenem (100%), amikacin (100%), piperacillin/tazobactam (72.3%), and ceftazidime (73.5%) were effective against for Gram-negative isolates while cefoxitin (81.2%) and penicillin (70.5%) were effective for Gram-positive isolates. Additionally, most Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial isolates were sensitive for gentamycin (75.9%). Multidrug resistance was seen among 17.1% bacterial isolates, and MDR in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were 83.3% and 16.7%, respectively. Gram-negative bacterial isolates showed a high prevalence of MDR than Gram-positive isolates. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION: BSI's remains an important health problem in cancer patients, and Gram-positive bacteria were more common as etiologic agents of BSIs in cancer patients. S. aureus was the dominant bacteria followed by CoNS, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa. Multidrug-resistant isolates found in cancer patients and routine bacterial surveillance and study of their resistance patterns may guide successful antimicrobial therapy and improve the quality of care. Therefore, strict regulation of antibiotic stewardship and infection control programs should be considered in the study area. FAU - Worku, Minichil AU - Worku M AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Belay, Gizeaddis AU - Belay G AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. FAU - Tigabu, Abiye AU - Tigabu A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4160-1094 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220415 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) RN - 9002-18-0 (Agar) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Agar/pharmacology MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Bacteria MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial MH - Ethiopia/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Gram-Negative Bacteria MH - Gram-Positive Bacteria MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - *Neoplasms/complications/drug therapy/epidemiology MH - *Sepsis/drug therapy MH - Staphylococcus aureus PMC - PMC9012398 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/04/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/20 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/15 CRDT- 2022/04/15 17:09 PHST- 2021/12/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/15 17:09 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-21-38142 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0266919 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2022 Apr 15;17(4):e0266919. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266919. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35426359 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220418 LR - 20220716 IS - 1560-7917 (Electronic) IS - 1025-496X (Print) IS - 1025-496X (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 15 DP - 2022 Apr TI - Investigation of an international outbreak of multidrug-resistant monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium associated with chocolate products, EU/EEA and United Kingdom, February to April 2022. LID - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.15.2200314 [doi] LID - 2200314 AB - An extensive multi-country outbreak of multidrug-resistant monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium infection in 10 countries with 150 reported cases, predominantly affecting young children, has been linked to chocolate products produced by a large multinational company. Extensive withdrawals and recalls of multiple product lines have been undertaken. With Easter approaching, widespread product distribution and the vulnerability of the affected population, early and effective real-time sharing of microbiological and epidemiological information has been of critical importance in effectively managing this serious food-borne incident. FAU - Larkin, Lesley AU - Larkin L AD - Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Safety (One Health Unit), UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Pardos de la Gandara, Maria AU - Pardos de la Gandara M AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, Centre National de Reference des E. coli, Shigella et Salmonella, Unite des Bacteries pathogenes enteriques, Paris, France. FAU - Hoban, Ann AU - Hoban A AD - Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Safety (One Health Unit), UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Pulford, Caisey AU - Pulford C AD - Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Safety (One Health Unit), UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Jourdan-Da Silva, Nathalie AU - Jourdan-Da Silva N AD - Sante Publique France, Direction des Maladies Infectieuses Unite EAZ, Paris, France. FAU - de Valk, Henriette AU - de Valk H AD - Sante Publique France, Direction des Maladies Infectieuses Unite EAZ, Paris, France. FAU - Browning, Lynda AU - Browning L AD - Clinical and Protecting Health Directorate, Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - Falkenhorst, Gerhard AU - Falkenhorst G AD - Robert Koch Institute, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology FG 35 - Gastrointestinal Infections, Zoonoses and Tropical Infections, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Simon, Sandra AU - Simon S AD - Robert Koch Institute, Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit for Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella / National Reference Centre for Salmonella and other Bacterial Enterics, Wernigerode, Germany. FAU - Lachmann, Raskit AU - Lachmann R AD - Robert Koch Institute, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology FG 35 - Gastrointestinal Infections, Zoonoses and Tropical Infections, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Dryselius, Rikard AU - Dryselius R AD - Public Health Agency of Sweden, Unit for Zoonoses and Antibiotic Resistance, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Karamehmedovic, Nadja AU - Karamehmedovic N AD - Public Health Agency of Sweden, Unit for laboratory surveillance of bacterial pathogens, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Borjesson, Stefan AU - Borjesson S AD - Public Health Agency of Sweden, Unit for Zoonoses and Antibiotic Resistance, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - van Cauteren, Dieter AU - van Cauteren D AD - Epidemiology of infectious diseases, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Laisnez, Valeska AU - Laisnez V AD - ECDC Fellowship Programme, Field Epidemiology path (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden. AD - Epidemiology of infectious diseases, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Mattheus, Wesley AU - Mattheus W AD - National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Shigella, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. FAU - Pijnacker, Roan AU - Pijnacker R AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, Netherlands. FAU - van den Beld, Maaike AU - van den Beld M AD - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, Netherlands. FAU - Mossong, Joel AU - Mossong J AD - Health Inspection, Health Directorate, Luxembourg. FAU - Ragimbeau, Catherine AU - Ragimbeau C AD - Laboratoire National de Sante, Epidemiology and Microbial Genomics, Dudelange, Luxembourg. FAU - Vergison, Anne AU - Vergison A AD - Health Inspection, Health Directorate, Luxembourg. FAU - Thorstensen Brandal, Lin AU - Thorstensen Brandal L AD - Department of Infection Control and Preparedness, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Lange, Heidi AU - Lange H AD - Department of Infection Control and Preparedness, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. FAU - Garvey, Patricia AU - Garvey P AD - HSE -Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Nielsen, Charlotte Salgaard AU - Nielsen CS AD - HSE -Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland. AD - ECDC Fellowship Programme, Field Epidemiology path (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Herrera Leon, Silvia AU - Herrera Leon S AD - Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Centro Nacional de Microbiologia, Madrid, Spain. FAU - Varela, Carmen AU - Varela C AD - Instituto de Salud Carlos III. CIBER epidemiologia y salud publica. Madrid, Spain. FAU - Chattaway, Marie AU - Chattaway M AD - Specialist Scientific Reference Service (Salmonella), Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Weill, Francois-Xavier AU - Weill FX AD - Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, Centre National de Reference des E. coli, Shigella et Salmonella, Unite des Bacteries pathogenes enteriques, Paris, France. FAU - Brown, Derek AU - Brown D AD - Scottish Microbiology Reference Laboratories, Glasgow, United Kingdom. FAU - McKeown, Paul AU - McKeown P AD - HSE -Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Sweden TA - Euro Surveill JT - Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin JID - 100887452 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Chocolate MH - Disease Outbreaks MH - Humans MH - *Salmonella typhimurium/genetics MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology PMC - PMC9012091 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium OT - antimicrobial resistance profile OT - chocolate products OT - core-genome multi locus sequence typing OT - descriptive epidemiological evidence OT - multi-country collaboration OT - outbreak OT - whole genome sequencing COIS- Conflict of interest: None declared. EDAT- 2022/04/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/19 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/14 CRDT- 2022/04/15 08:35 PHST- 2022/04/15 08:35 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2200314 [pii] AID - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.15.2200314 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Euro Surveill. 2022 Apr;27(15):2200314. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.15.2200314. PMID- 35409766 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220413 LR - 20250623 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Mar 30 TI - Social Norms and Family Child Labor: A Systematic Literature Review. LID - 10.3390/ijerph19074082 [doi] LID - 4082 AB - BACKGROUND: Research has established the family as the predominant context for child labor practices. Decisions to involve children in child labor within the family or by a family member (herein family child labor) is strongly motivated by cultural beliefs that normalize child labor. This systematic review sought to synthesize evidence on the social norms that support child labor practices, and the normative interpretation of international child labor legislation/standards. METHODS: We followed the PRISMA procedure for systematic review by reviewing empirical articles published between 2000 to 2021 and contained within the four key databases: Scopus, ISI Web of Sciences, PubMed and Embase. Findings from 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed thematically. RESULTS: The review included studies from three continents: Africa, Asia and Europe. Gender norms, informal apprenticeship norm, norms on succession and sustenance as well as obedience, were key social norms that influenced child labor practices in the family. Parents' decision to involve children in child labor was strongly influenced by the collective acceptance of some occupations (e.g., cocoa farming and fishing) as family occupations, which need to be preserved, undertaken and passed on to children. Child rights and the UNCRC principle of children's participation were considered foreign to most non-western countries and interpreted as contravention to the cherished social norm of obedience. The findings underlie the link between social norms and the common social values of resilience, hard work, and respect. CONCLUSION: The results provide foundations and target to develop normative change intervention programs to re-orient the negative interpretations of common social values and provide alternative pathways that prevent child labor within the social context. FAU - Abdullah, Alhassan AU - Abdullah A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5381-5340 AD - Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. AD - Department of Sociology, Haverford College, Haverford, PA 19041, USA. FAU - Huynh, Ines AU - Huynh I AD - Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Emery, Clifton R AU - Emery CR AD - Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. FAU - Jordan, Lucy P AU - Jordan LP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6415-8275 AD - Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20220330 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Child MH - *Child Labor MH - Family MH - Humans MH - Social Environment MH - *Social Norms MH - Social Values PMC - PMC8998633 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child labor OT - child rights OT - child work OT - culture OT - family child labor OT - social norms COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/04/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/30 CRDT- 2022/04/12 01:15 PHST- 2022/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/12 01:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph19074082 [pii] AID - ijerph-19-04082 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph19074082 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 30;19(7):4082. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074082. PMID- 35406090 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220413 LR - 20260127 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Apr 1 TI - Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary Energy. LID - 10.3390/nu14071477 [doi] LID - 1477 AB - Overconsumption of energy provided by energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and drinks increases the risk of unhealthy weight gain and of obesity-related health outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and to estimate the amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks in a recommended diet. A stepwise approach was used first to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and then to estimate the amount of discretionary energy in a recommended diet using diet modeling. The nutrition profiling model comprised 24 macro- and micronutrients and energy density. The model classified 67% of 1482 foods and 73% of 161 drinks correctly as EDNP food and drinks compared with an expert-adjusted model. Sweets, chocolate, cake, cookies and biscuits, sweet and salty snacks, sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened drinks, and alcoholic drinks were classified as EDNP food and drinks. The estimated amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks was 4-6% of the energy requirements for 4-75-year-old Danes. It seems prudent to have special attention on EDNP food and drinks in dietary guidelines and future public health initiatives to avoid overconsumption of energy. FAU - Biltoft-Jensen, Anja AU - Biltoft-Jensen A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6607-7575 AD - National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Matthiessen, Jeppe AU - Matthiessen J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0798-5602 AD - National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Hess Ygil, Karin AU - Hess Ygil K AD - National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Christensen, Tue AU - Christensen T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7693-7359 AD - National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220401 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Nutrients) RN - 0 (Sweetening Agents) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Diet MH - *Energy Intake MH - Food MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Nutrients MH - Snacks MH - *Sweetening Agents MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC9002576 OTO - NOTNLM OT - dietary guidelines OT - dietary pattern OT - nutrient profiling OT - recommended diet COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/04/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/01 CRDT- 2022/04/12 01:03 PHST- 2022/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/12 01:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu14071477 [pii] AID - nutrients-14-01477 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu14071477 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2022 Apr 1;14(7):1477. doi: 10.3390/nu14071477. PMID- 35388353 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220408 IS - 2090-004X (Print) IS - 2090-0058 (Electronic) IS - 2090-004X (Linking) VI - 2022 DP - 2022 TI - Bacterial Culture of Tear Duct Infections Secondary to Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstructions. PG - 9954634 LID - 10.1155/2022/9954634 [doi] LID - 9954634 AB - PURPOSE: To investigate the microbial profile of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) in Chinese children. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 330 consecutive children (330 eyes) who were diagnosed with tear duct infections secondary to CNLDO and were admitted to the Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January 2013 to January 2020. Bacterial cultures were grown from tear duct samples of each patient. Samples from conjunctival secretions were cultivated on blood or chocolate agar. Clinically significant bacterial growth was reported. RESULTS: Of the 330 eyes considered, 62.7% (207/330) were associated with positive bacterial cultures. A total of 223 isolates were detected from 207 culture-positive eyes. Among the 223 isolates, 52.0% (116/223) were Gram-positive bacteria and 47.1% (105/223) were Gram-negative bacteria. The most prevalent Gram-positive bacteria were Streptococcus viridans (67 isolates, 30%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (36 isolates, 16.1%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (5 isolates, 2.2%). The most prevalent Gram-negative bacteria were Neisseria (nonpathogenic) (25 isolates, 11.2%), followed by Escherichia coli (16 isolates, 7.2%) and Haemophilus influenzae (16 eyes, 7.2%). Antibiotic susceptibility test results suggested that both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were highly sensitive to most of the tested antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: S. viridans and S. aureus are the most prevalent bacteria in tear duct infections secondary to CNLDO. Broad-spectrum antibacterial eye drops are suggested as empirical antibiotic treatments. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Weiming Yang et al. FAU - Yang, Weiming AU - Yang W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4772-982X AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Shen, Li AU - Shen L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8111-6691 AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Wang, Anken AU - Wang A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4127-2400 AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. FAU - Li, Meiyan AU - Li M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3702-0980 AD - Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry. FAU - Yang, Chenhao AU - Yang C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3818-037X AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220328 PL - United States TA - J Ophthalmol JT - Journal of ophthalmology JID - 101524199 PMC - PMC8979714 COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/04/08 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/08 06:01 PMCR- 2022/03/28 CRDT- 2022/04/07 05:30 PHST- 2021/09/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/07 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/08 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2022/9954634 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Ophthalmol. 2022 Mar 28;2022:9954634. doi: 10.1155/2022/9954634. eCollection 2022. PMID- 35292304 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220405 LR - 20220511 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 173 DP - 2022 Jun 1 TI - Food marketing to teenagers: Examining the power and platforms of food and beverage marketing in Canada. PG - 105999 LID - S0195-6663(22)00090-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105999 [doi] AB - Marketing pressure on teenagers when it comes to promoting unhealthy foods and food brands is a significant public health concern. Teenagers are aggressively targeted by food marketing messages, yet a research gap exists when it comes to the engagement by teens with this marketing in real world settings, and specific techniques (or power) used to capture their attention. This exploratory study engages in participatory research to explore the persuasive power and platforms of exposure of teen-targeted food marketing. Using an innovative smartphone app called "GrabFM!" ("Grab Food Marketing!"), teens ages 13-17 (n = 62) identified and tagged examples (n = 339) of targeted food marketing (from mainstream and digital media, and the built environment) over a 7-day period, providing information on the food brand, product, platform, and indicators (i.e., persuasive techniques). Results revealed the top brand (FritoLay, 8.3%), food product category (candy/chocolate, 23.3%), platform of exposure (Instagram, 76.4%), and indicator (visual style, 52.5%) identified by teens. Insights were also gained into the intersection of gender and platform, gender, age and indicators (older teens 15+ more likely to report multiple indicators per ad), and co-occurrence of indicators (majority of ads tagged with one indicator only). The results of this study provide guidance on the power, platforms and brands that teens felt uniquely spoke to them. When it comes to monitoring efforts, it is useful to know that Instagram commands teenagers' attention and that marketing power resides in particular indicators (visual style, special offer, theme), which teenagers appear to readily and consistently identify. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Elliott, Charlene AU - Elliott C AD - University of Calgary, Communication, Media and Film, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: charlene.elliott@ucalgary.ca. FAU - Truman, Emily AU - Truman E AD - University of Calgary, Communication, Media and Film, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: emily.truman@ucalgary.ca. FAU - Aponte-Hao, Sylvia AU - Aponte-Hao S AD - University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. Electronic address: zhi.hao@ucalgary.ca. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220312 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Beverages MH - Food MH - *Food Industry MH - Humans MH - *Internet MH - Marketing/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food marketing OT - Monitoring OT - Persuasive power OT - Platforms OT - Policy OT - Teenager EDAT- 2022/03/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/06 06:00 CRDT- 2022/03/16 05:43 PHST- 2021/10/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/16 05:43 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(22)00090-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105999 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2022 Jun 1;173:105999. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105999. Epub 2022 Mar 12. PMID- 35277078 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220315 LR - 20240822 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Feb 8 TI - Changes in Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intake Are Associated with Changes in Body Composition in Mexican Adolescents: Findings from the ELEMENT Cohort. LID - 10.3390/nu14030719 [doi] LID - 719 AB - Changes in consumption of sugar sweetened beverage (SSBs) have been associated with increased body mass index (BMI), but little work has evaluated the effect on waist circumference (WC) and body fat percentage during adolescence, a period characterized by rapid growth and change in dietary behaviors. We examined the relationship of changes in SSB intake and changes in adiposity over two years in 464 Mexican adolescents. Food frequency questionnaires were used to sum intake of regular soda, coffee with sugar, tea with sugar, sweetened water with fruit, chocolate milk, corn atole, and a sweetened probiotic milk beverage. Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations of changes in SSBs with changes in BMI, body fat percentage, and WC, adjusting for sex, socioeconomic status, screen time, physical activity, age, and change in age. Adolescents who increased their daily SSB intake by >2 serving had a -2.72% higher body fat percentage (95% CI: 0.61, 4.82); a 1-2 serving increase was associated with a 2.49 cm increase (95% CI: 0.21, 4.76) in WC compared with those with no change in intake. Within an adolescent sample, changes in SSB intake were related to concomitant changes in body fat percentage and WC, but not BMI. FAU - English, Lindsey AU - English L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0150-5292 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA. FAU - Carmona, Yanelli R AU - Carmona YR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6559-4776 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. FAU - Peterson, Karen E AU - Peterson KE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0471-1427 AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. FAU - Jansen, Erica C AU - Jansen EC AD - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. FAU - Tellez Rojo, Martha Maria AU - Tellez Rojo MM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3322-3334 AD - Center for Health and Nutrition Research, National Institute of Public Health in Mexico, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico. FAU - Torres Olascoaga, Libni AU - Torres Olascoaga L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9231-9937 AD - Center for Health and Nutrition Research, National Institute of Public Health in Mexico, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico. FAU - Cantoral, Alejandra AU - Cantoral A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1397-8476 AD - Department of Health, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City 01219, Mexico. LA - eng GR - R24 ES028502/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - T34 GM122835/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - K01 HL151673/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 ES022844/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 ES017885/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - PO1 ES 02284401/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R24ES028502/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220208 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Beverages MH - Body Composition MH - Body Mass Index MH - Humans MH - *Sugar-Sweetened Beverages MH - Waist Circumference PMC - PMC8839416 OTO - NOTNLM OT - beverages OT - body fat percentage OT - body mass index OT - puberty OT - sugar intake OT - waist circumference COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/08 CRDT- 2022/03/12 01:01 PHST- 2022/01/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/02/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/12 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu14030719 [pii] AID - nutrients-14-00719 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu14030719 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2022 Feb 8;14(3):719. doi: 10.3390/nu14030719. PMID- 35265756 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220311 IS - 2405-8440 (Print) IS - 2405-8440 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8440 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 2 DP - 2022 Feb TI - Gender-based participation in income generating activities in cocoa growing communities. The role of youth training programs. PG - e08880 LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08880 [doi] LID - e08880 AB - Despite an impressive growth of Ghana's economy over the decades, it has been branded as 'jobless growth' manifested in growing unemployment among the youth. This growing unemployment rate is gender biased against women, with the United Nations expecting this to worsen globally over time. This study examines the determinants of gender-based participation of the youth in income generating enterprises in cocoa growing areas in Ghana, using a sample of 4,702 participants of the Next Generation Cocoa Youth Program (MASO) initiative. This data were obtained by Solidaridad West Africa. The sample was obtained through the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) technique to compare the characteristics of the male and female groups and remove missing observations. The multinomial regression model supported with descriptive analysis were employed for the estimation. It was found that most of those who participated (63%) in the training program were engaged in an income generating activity. Youth engagement in cocoa (9%) as compared with non-cocoa (28%) and joint enterprise (26%) is very low. Given the same level of exposure (MASO), women are more likely to be unemployed, less likely to engage in cocoa production and more likely to be engaged in non-cocoa enterprises. All non-cocoa business enterprises are dominated by men except petty trading and agro processing. Age, marital status, education, savings, additional training, migrant status and gender, influenced engagements in the various categories of enterprises. The study recommends rolling out other policies that can address challenges of women engagement in cocoa farming in addition to the training program. Policies towards encouraging savings among the youth is recommended to aid in startup businesses, which may be supported by low interest loans. Attention should be given to the non-cocoa sector in terms of employment as people are either losing interest in cocoa farming or diversifying their incomes to non-cocoa businesses. CI - (c) 2022 The Author(s). FAU - Abukari, Abdul-Basit Tampuli AU - Abukari AT AD - Department of Agricultural and Food Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Consumer Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale P. O. Box TL, 1350, Ghana. FAU - Zakaria, Abraham AU - Zakaria A AD - Department of Agricultural and Food Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Consumer Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale P. O. Box TL, 1350, Ghana. FAU - Azumah, Shaibu Baanni AU - Azumah SB AD - Action for Shea Parklands, Global Shea Alliance, Asylum Down, Accra, Ghana. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220203 PL - England TA - Heliyon JT - Heliyon JID - 101672560 PMC - PMC8899702 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cocoa OT - Gender OT - Multinomial regression OT - Participation OT - Propensity score matching OT - Solidaridad COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/11 06:01 PMCR- 2022/02/03 CRDT- 2022/03/10 05:46 PHST- 2021/11/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/10 05:46 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/11 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-8440(22)00168-2 [pii] AID - e08880 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08880 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Heliyon. 2022 Feb 3;8(2):e08880. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08880. eCollection 2022 Feb. PMID- 35263004 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220624 LR - 20250103 IS - 1740-8709 (Electronic) IS - 1740-8695 (Print) IS - 1740-8695 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Acceptability of 11 fortified balanced energy-protein supplements for pregnant women in Nepal. PG - e13336 LID - 10.1111/mcn.13336 [doi] LID - e13336 AB - Evidence suggests that multiple micronutrient and balanced energy protein (BEP) supplementation during pregnancy can decrease the risk of stillbirth and small-for-gestational-age births and increase birth weight. We conducted a mixed-methods formative research study to identify the most acceptable among a range of 11 candidates fortified BEP supplements for use in pregnancy and lactation in a rural district in Nepal. Forty pregnant women aged 15-40 years participated in a test meal tasting of 11 different sweet and savoury candidate BEP supplements. Each participant rated the products on organoleptic properties using a 7-point hedonic scale (1 = Dislike it very much to 7 = Like it very much), ranked her 'top 3' most liked supplements, and subsequently discussed each product with peers in focus group discussions (FGDs). Five supplements (sweet lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS), savoury LNS, sweet vanilla biscuits, vanilla instant drinks and seasoned pillows) achieved the maximum overall median hedonic score of 7, with sweet LNS and seasoned pillows ranking as the top 2. This was consistent with the assessments in FGDs. Women in the FGDs expressed dislike of the smell and taste of the cocoa drink, savoury masala bar, sweet mango bar and savoury curry biscuit, which was consistent with the hedonic scale scores. This study provides valuable insights into our understanding of women's acceptance of different BEP supplements during pregnancy in rural Nepal and has helped identify the two most accepted BEP supplements to be used in a two-month home trial to assess utilisation and compliance in this setting. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Lama, Tsering P AU - Lama TP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6054-4075 AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - Khatry, Subarna K AU - Khatry SK AD - Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project - Sarlahi (NNIPS), Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Isanaka, Sheila AU - Isanaka S AD - Departments of Nutrition and Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Moore, Katie AU - Moore K AD - Anthrologica, Oxford, UK. FAU - Jones, Leslie AU - Jones L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5107-2413 AD - Anthrologica, Oxford, UK. FAU - Bedford, Juliet AU - Bedford J AD - Anthrologica, Oxford, UK. FAU - Katz, Joanne AU - Katz J AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. FAU - de Pee, Saskia AU - de Pee S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0138-7118 AD - Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. FAU - LeClerq, Steven C AU - LeClerq SC AD - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. AD - Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project - Sarlahi (NNIPS), Kathmandu, Nepal. FAU - Tielsch, James M AU - Tielsch JM AD - Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220309 PL - England TA - Matern Child Nutr JT - Maternal & child nutrition JID - 101201025 RN - 0 (Micronutrients) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Lactation MH - Micronutrients MH - Nepal MH - Pregnancy MH - *Pregnant People MH - Weight Gain PMC - PMC9218317 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Nepal OT - acceptability OT - balanced energy protein supplement OT - hedonic scale OT - pregnant women OT - test feeding COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/25 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/09 CRDT- 2022/03/09 12:35 PHST- 2022/01/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/09 12:35 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - MCN13336 [pii] AID - 10.1111/mcn.13336 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Matern Child Nutr. 2022 Jul;18(3):e13336. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13336. Epub 2022 Mar 9. PMID- 35209876 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220419 LR - 20220419 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Feb 24 TI - Stress eating: an online survey of eating behaviours, comfort foods, and healthy food substitutes in German adults. PG - 391 LID - 10.1186/s12889-022-12787-9 [doi] LID - 391 AB - BACKGROUND: In many people, stress is associated with changes in eating behaviour. Food products consumed during stress (comfort foods) are often unhealthy. It is rather unknown what comfort foods are consumed in Germany and what healthier food products are considered as alternatives to support stress-eaters in making healthier food choices. METHODS: This online survey was conducted in spring 2021 throughout Germany. Participants were digitally recruited by newsletters, homepages, social media, and mailing lists. The survey included a standardized questionnaire with items concerning e.g. sociodemography, stress, and nutrition. Comfort foods were pre-selected through literature search and food substitutes were defined and discussed by experts. Analyses examined comfort food consumption and substitute preferences dependent on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and being a self-identified stress-eater. The statistical analysis was performed using R. RESULTS: Survey participants were mostly female (80.6%, 994/1234), had a mean age of 31.4 +/- 12.8 years and a mean BMI of 23.4 +/- 4.3 kg/m(2). Participants stated, that the two favourite comfort foods were chocolate (consumed often/very often by 48.3%, 596/1234) and coffee (consumed often/very often by 45.9%, 566/1234). Regarding food substitutes, the most frequently named alternative food for chocolate and cookies was fresh fruits (for chocolate: 74.4%, 815/1096, for cookies: 62.6%, 565/902). Tea without added sugar (64.4%, 541/840) was the preferred substitute for coffee. Almost 50% of participants (48.1%, 594/1234) identified themselves as stress-eaters, of which 68.9% (408/592) stated to eat (very) often more than usual in subjective stress situations. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this work suggest that specific comfort foods and substitutes are preferred by the participants in stressful situations. This knowledge about food choices and substitutes should be investigated in further studies to improve eating behaviour in stressful situations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The survey was registered in the German Register of Clinical Studies (Registration number: DRKS00023984 ). CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Gemesi, Kathrin AU - Gemesi K AD - Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany. FAU - Holzmann, Sophie Laura AU - Holzmann SL AD - Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany. FAU - Kaiser, Birgit AU - Kaiser B AD - Research Group Public Health Nutrition, ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany. FAU - Wintergerst, Monika AU - Wintergerst M AD - Research Group Social Computing, Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany. FAU - Lurz, Martin AU - Lurz M AD - Krcmar Lab, Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany. FAU - Groh, Georg AU - Groh G AD - Research Group Social Computing, Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany. FAU - Bohm, Markus AU - Bohm M AD - Krcmar Lab, Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany. AD - Department of Informatics, University of Applied Sciences Landshut, Landshut, Germany. FAU - Krcmar, Helmut AU - Krcmar H AD - Krcmar Lab, Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany. FAU - Gedrich, Kurt AU - Gedrich K AD - Research Group Public Health Nutrition, ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany. FAU - Hauner, Hans AU - Hauner H AD - Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany. AD - Else Kroner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany. FAU - Holzapfel, Christina AU - Holzapfel C AD - Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany. christina.holzapfel@tum.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220224 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (Coffee) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Coffee MH - Eating MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Food Preferences MH - Fruit MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8868035 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chocolate OT - Coffee OT - Nutrition OT - Obesity OT - Stress COIS- KaG, SLH, BK, MW, ML, GG, MB, HK, and KuG declare that they have no competing interest. HH is a member of the scientific advisory board of Oviva AG (Zurich, Switzerland). CH is a member of the scientific advisory board of the 4sigma GmbH (Oberhaching, Germany). EDAT- 2022/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/20 06:00 PMCR- 2022/02/24 CRDT- 2022/02/25 05:30 PHST- 2021/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/25 05:30 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-022-12787-9 [pii] AID - 12787 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-022-12787-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2022 Feb 24;22(1):391. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12787-9. PMID- 35205013 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220301 IS - 2227-9067 (Print) IS - 2227-9067 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9067 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 2 DP - 2022 Feb 21 TI - Misreporting of Energy Intake Is Related to Specific Food Items in Low-Middle Income Chilean Adolescents. LID - 10.3390/children9020293 [doi] LID - 293 AB - BACKGROUND: Misreporting of energy intake (EI) in self-reported dietary assessment is inevitable, and even less is known about which food items are misreported by low-middle income adolescents. We evaluated the prevalence of misreporting of energy intake and its relationship with nutrients and food intake. METHODS: We analyzed 24 h dietary recalls collected from 576 adolescents (52.08% boys) from southeastern Santiago. Anthropometrics measurements and information about sociodemographic characteristics were obtained during clinical visits. The method proposed by McCrory et al. was used to identify under-reporters (UnRs), over-reporters (OvRs), or plausible reporters (PRs). Food items were collapsed into 28 categories and every food item was expressed as a percentage of total EI. Logistic regression models were performed to investigate the factors associated with misreporting, and a two-part model was used to estimate the difference in the percentage of EI between UnRs versus PRs, and OvRs versus PRs in each food item. RESULTS: Half of the participants were classified as UnRs and 9% were OvRs. UnR was higher among boys (62%) and adolescents with overweight and obesity (72%). OvR was higher among adolescents with normal weight. UnRs had a lower intake of energy from cookies/cake, chocolate/confectionery, and a higher intake of vegetables and eggs than PRs. OvRs had a higher intake of cookies/cake, chocolate/confectionery, and a lower intake of fruit, white milk, and yogurt than PRs. CONCLUSIONS: A high frequency of UnR among boys and participants with excess weight was found in this study. Healthy and unhealthy foods are reported differently between UnRs and OvRs of energy intake, indicating that bias is specific for some food items that adolescents commonly eat. FAU - Martinez-Arroyo, Angela AU - Martinez-Arroyo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6380-5701 AD - Food Behavior Research Center (CEIC), School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valparaiso, Valparaiso 2360102, Chile. FAU - Duarte Batista, Lais AU - Duarte Batista L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2492-4569 AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil. FAU - Corvalan Aguilar, Camila AU - Corvalan Aguilar C AD - Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago 7830420, Chile. FAU - Fisberg, Regina Mara AU - Fisberg RM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4490-9035 AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220221 PL - Switzerland TA - Children (Basel) JT - Children (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101648936 PMC - PMC8870629 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - energy intake OT - food items OT - misreporting OT - over-reporting OT - under-reporting COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/26 06:01 PMCR- 2022/02/21 CRDT- 2022/02/25 01:05 PHST- 2021/12/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/02/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/25 01:05 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - children9020293 [pii] AID - children-09-00293 [pii] AID - 10.3390/children9020293 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Children (Basel). 2022 Feb 21;9(2):293. doi: 10.3390/children9020293. PMID- 35187014 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220501 IS - 2296-861X (Print) IS - 2296-861X (Electronic) IS - 2296-861X (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2021 TI - Nutritional Status and Dietary Intake of School-Age Children and Early Adolescents: Systematic Review in a Developing Country and Lessons for the Global Perspective. PG - 739447 LID - 10.3389/fnut.2021.739447 [doi] LID - 739447 AB - BACKGROUND: The prevalence of double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is high in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Data on malnutrition trends is present for children <5 years of age, however the data for school-going children and adolescents aged 5-15 years is scarce. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review presents the pooled prevalence of nutritional status and dietary intake among school-going children and adolescents (5-15 years of age) in an LMIC of Pakistan and the perspective for broader global nutrition in this age group. METHODS: An electronic search of databases was run on Pubmed and Medline (via Ovid) along with gray literature and archives of local scientific journals till 2nd January 2021. Studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included and relevant data were extracted, and a pooled proportional analysis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 51 studies including 62,148 children of 5-15 years met the inclusion criteria, of which 30 studies reported on anthropometric indices alone, eight on dietary intake patterns while 13 reported both. All of the included studies had a cross-sectional study design. There were 20 studies from the province of Punjab, 15 from Sindh, eight from Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, two from Balochistan, and three from multiple cities across Pakistan. The pooled proportional analysis showed that the proportion of underweight children and adolescents was 25.1% (95% CI 17.3-33.7%); stunting 23% (95% CI 11.8-36.7%); wasting 24% (95% CI 15.2-34%); thinness 12.5% (95% CI 9.4-16.1%); overweight 11.4% (95% CI 7.2-16.3%); and obesity 6.9% (95% CI 3-12%). A relatively high intake of carbohydrates, soft drinks, and sweets/chocolates; and a low intake of protein-rich foods, fruits, and vegetables, compared to the recommended daily allowance (RDA), was reported. CONCLUSION: The limited data suggests the presence of DBM amongst children aged 5-15 years and also identified that dietary intake patterns are not meeting the recommended allowance. This review highlights the gaps and the need for larger, well-designed studies for this age group with the representation of different contexts and the need for similar studies in various LMICs, so that appropriate actions be deliberated and appropriate programs should be designed focusing on this vital population. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Khan, Das, Zareen, Lassi, Salman, Raashid, Dero, Khanzada and Bhutta. FAU - Khan, Durray Shahwar A AU - Khan DSA AD - Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Das, Jai K AU - Das JK AD - Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. AD - Institute of Global Health and Development, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Zareen, Shagufta AU - Zareen S AD - Policy and Strategic Planning Unit, Ministry of Health, Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. FAU - Lassi, Zohra S AU - Lassi ZS AD - Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. FAU - Salman, Afsah AU - Salman A AD - Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Raashid, Muhammad AU - Raashid M AD - Policy and Strategic Planning Unit, Ministry of Health, Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. FAU - Dero, Aftab A AU - Dero AA AD - Government Services Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Khanzada, Aijaz AU - Khanzada A AD - Ministry of Health, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan. FAU - Bhutta, Zulfiqar A AU - Bhutta ZA AD - Institute of Global Health and Development, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. AD - Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20220202 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Nutr JT - Frontiers in nutrition JID - 101642264 PMC - PMC8848764 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - dietary intake OT - double burden of malnutrition OT - malnutrition OT - school-going children COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/02/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/22 06:01 PMCR- 2021/01/01 CRDT- 2022/02/21 06:05 PHST- 2021/07/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/21 06:05 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnut.2021.739447 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Nutr. 2022 Feb 2;8:739447. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.739447. eCollection 2021. PMID- 35168387 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20241019 LR - 20241019 IS - 1942-7522 (Electronic) IS - 0145-5613 (Linking) VI - 103 IP - 10 DP - 2024 Oct TI - Risk Factor-Related Lifestyle Habits of Patients With Laryngopharyngeal Reflux. PG - 640-649 LID - 10.1177/01455613221078182 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: The role of lifestyle habits in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is comparatively underexplored. We aim to examine the specific lifestyle habits in patients with LPRD. METHODS: Systematic sampling was applied to select respondents aged 18 through 80 years in otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) clinics in Nan Fang Hospital during August 2017-July 2018, 1658 eligible participants were included by a systematic sampling method. Subjects with RSI score>13 were considered as LPRD patients. The risk of reflux symptoms was estimated and multivariate calculated as odds ratios in relation to exposure to tobacco smoking, alcohol, coffee, tea, carbonated drinks, chocolate, spicy food, night sleep time, dinner-to-bed time, subjective sleep quality, and physical exercise. RESULTS: There was a significant dose-response association between carbonated beverage and LPRD. Among people who had drinking carbonated drinks the odds ratio was 1.76 (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.24-2.50, P = .002) compared with non-carbonated drinker. A similar positive association was found for poor subjective sleep quality and shorter night sleeping time, the odds ratio for reflux was 1.58 (95% CI 1.14 to 2.18) among those who always have poor subjective sleep quality compared with those whose have good subjective sleep quality. The odds ratio for reflux was 2.29 (95% CI 1.23-4.28, P = .015) among those who always sleep 3-5 hours every night compared with those who sleep more than 8 hours every night. Beyond that, we found high BMI may have a negative correlation with LPRD, the odds ratio for reflux was .61 (95% CI 0.39 to .95, P = .054) among those whose BMI >25 kg/m2 compared with those BMI /=16 years. Of the 99.1% of participants who regularly consumed caffeine, coffee (76.3%) tea (71.6%) and chocolate (81.7%) consumption were the most prevalent. Motivations for caffeinated-product consumption differed according to caffeine source. Tea was consumed for the warmth and taste, coffee was consumed to stay awake and for warmth, and chocolate, for the taste and as a treat. Marketing was not identified by participants as influencing their consumption of caffeinated products. Knowledge of motivations for caffeine consumption may assist in identifying strategies to reduce caffeine intake in those New Zealand tertiary students who regularly consume amounts of caffeine that exceed safe level. FAU - Stachyshyn, Saskia AU - Stachyshyn S AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Albany Campus, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. FAU - Wham, Carol AU - Wham C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5136-1346 AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Albany Campus, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. AD - Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. FAU - Ali, Ajmol AU - Ali A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6093-1435 AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Albany Campus, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. AD - Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. FAU - Knightbridge-Eager, Tayla AU - Knightbridge-Eager T AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Albany Campus, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. FAU - Rutherfurd-Markwick, Kay AU - Rutherfurd-Markwick K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8815-3786 AD - Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. AD - School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Albany Campus, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211125 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Coffee) RN - 0 (Tea) RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Caffeine/*analysis MH - Chocolate/analysis MH - Coffee MH - Diet/*psychology MH - Feeding Behavior/*psychology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Motivation MH - New Zealand MH - Students/*psychology MH - Tea MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8709372 OTO - NOTNLM OT - caffeinated product OT - caffeine literacy OT - caffeine supplement OT - chocolate OT - coffee: energy drink OT - tea COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/12/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/14 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/25 CRDT- 2021/12/28 01:04 PHST- 2021/11/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/28 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu13124236 [pii] AID - nutrients-13-04236 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu13124236 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2021 Nov 25;13(12):4236. doi: 10.3390/nu13124236. PMID- 34934677 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231108 IS - 2249-4863 (Print) IS - 2278-7135 (Electronic) IS - 2249-4863 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 10 DP - 2021 Oct TI - Childhood obesity and its relation with dietary habits among children in Aseer region, Southern Saudi Arabia. PG - 3760-3764 LID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_558_21 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The rate of obesity in children is rising and it has become a growing epidemic worldwide; Childhood obesity is related to the high risk of obesity later in adult life. In the last 30 years the prevalence childhood obesity more than tripled. Overweight in paediatric population is suggested to be related to many cardio-metabolic risk factors such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome and dyslipidaemia and 70% obese children had first cardiovascular disease risk factor and 30% had second or more. AIM: To estimate the prevalence and correlates of obesity among children in Aseer region. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in the schools of Abha and Khamis Mushayet Cities; Aseer region during the period from January to December 2019. The respondents were any of the parents of the child. After having permission from the school authority, self-administered questionnaires were distributed to a total of 300 children, with explanations about the questionnaire by the principal investigator and class teacher. RESULTS: The study included 300 students with ages that ranged from 1 year up to 17 years and mean age was 8.6 years old. Exact of 55.3% of the students were males and 32% were at preschool age while 43.7% were at the primary level of education. Students' body mass index (BMI) distribution demonstrated that more than half of the children had overweight or obesity and 16.7% were with underweight. There was a significant relation between obesity among the children and some of their dietary habits including sweets, chocolate and fast food. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: In conclusion, the study revealed that nearly one-third of the children in the study group were overweight or obese with obesity more prevalent. Obesity was more recorded among old-aged children who frequently had unhealthy food. Improving the children lifestyle and dietary habits is mandatory to work against weight gain. CI - Copyright: (c) 2021 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. FAU - Mustafa, Alam Eldin M AU - Mustafa AEM AD - Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Kordofan, Sudan. FAU - Assery, Abeer Ayed A AU - Assery AAA AD - Medical Student, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Asiri, Fatimah Mohammed A AU - Asiri FMA AD - Medical Student, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alfarhan, Nojoud M AU - Alfarhan NM AD - Medical Student, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqarni, Afnan M AU - Alqarni AM AD - Medical Student, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alqahtani, Fatimah Muslih S AU - Alqahtani FMS AD - Medical Student, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211105 PL - India TA - J Family Med Prim Care JT - Journal of family medicine and primary care JID - 101610082 PMC - PMC8653482 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - obesity OT - overweight COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2021/12/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/23 06:01 PMCR- 2021/10/01 CRDT- 2021/12/22 06:51 PHST- 2021/03/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/22 06:51 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/23 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFMPC-10-3760 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_558_21 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 Oct;10(10):3760-3764. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_558_21. Epub 2021 Nov 5. PMID- 34934279 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220429 IS - 0974-7052 (Print) IS - 0975-1904 (Electronic) IS - 0974-7052 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2021 Sep-Oct TI - Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Different Beverages on the Surface Roughness and Microhardness of Human Enamel Surface: An In Vitro Study. PG - 657-661 LID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2011 [doi] AB - Milk-derived beverages are considered to be beneficial to not only health but also to dental tissue. However, the exact nature of the effect of these beverages should be studied to formulate an exact diet plan for a child so that only good effects can be obtained from a dietary derivative. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the surface roughness and microhardness of human enamel surface after exposure to different immersion regimes in milk-based beverages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 90 samples were prepared from caries-free premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes. The samples were then randomly divided into three groups based on the immersion beverage used vis-a-vis chocolate milk, sweet lassi, and soy milk. The immersion cycles were done for 7 days. After the immersions were complete, the samples were dried and subjected to microhardness and surface roughness testing. RESULTS: The surface roughness of the exposed surface of enamel was found to be in the following order: sweet lassi (verka) > control > soya milk chocolate (sofit) > chocolate milk (Amul Kool Koko). The microhardness of the exposed surface of enamel was found to be in the following order: chocolate milk (Amul Kool Koko) > soya milk chocolate (sofit) > sweet lassi (verka) > control. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Ghavri T, Pathak A, Bajwa NK. Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Different Beverages on the Surface Roughness and Microhardness of Human Enamel Surface: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(5):657-661. CI - Copyright (c) 2021; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. FAU - Ghavri, Tarannum AU - Ghavri T AD - Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Pathak, Anuradha AU - Pathak A AD - Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India. FAU - Bajwa, Navroop K AU - Bajwa NK AD - Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - India TA - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent JT - International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry JID - 101585405 PMC - PMC8645618 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Laboratory research OT - Microhardness OT - Surface roughness OT - Titratable acidity OT - pH COIS- Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None EDAT- 2021/12/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/23 06:01 PMCR- 2021/10/01 CRDT- 2021/12/22 06:46 PHST- 2021/12/22 06:46 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/23 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2011 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021 Sep-Oct;14(5):657-661. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2011. PMID- 22934317 STAT- Publisher DRDT- 20211223 CTDT- 20120830 PB - University of Washington, Seattle DP - 1993 TI - Hypermanganesemia with Dystonia 1. BTI - GeneReviews((R)) AB - CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Hypermanganesemia with dystonia 1 (HMNDYT1) is characterized by the following: A movement disorder resulting from manganese accumulation in the basal ganglia. Whole-blood manganese concentrations that often exceed 2000 nmol/L (normal: <320 nmol/L). Polycythemia. Hepatomegaly with variable hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis. Neurologic findings can manifest in childhood (ages 2-15 years) as four-limb dystonia, leading to a characteristic high-stepping gait ("cock-walk gait"), dysarthria, fine tremor, and bradykinesia or on occasion spastic paraplegia; or in adulthood as parkinsonism (shuffling gait, rigidity, bradykinesia, hypomimia, and monotone speech) unresponsive to L-dopa treatment. DIAGNOSIS/TESTING: The diagnosis of HMNDYT1 is established in a proband with suggestive findings and biallelic pathogenic variants in SLC30A10 identified by molecular genetic testing. MANAGEMENT: Treatment of manifestations: Regular chelation therapy with intravenous disodium calcium edetate improves blood manganese levels and neurologic findings and halts liver disease. In addition, supplementation with oral iron therapy (despite normal serum iron levels) can reduce blood manganese levels and resolve polycythemia. The potential for complications from chelation therapy and/or iron supplementation can be lessened by careful monitoring. Physical therapy (to prevent contractures and maintain ambulation), occupational therapy, and/or speech therapy and use of adaptive aids and assistive communication devices are recommended. Progressive dystonia may necessitate a gastrostomy tube for adequate nutrition and a tracheostomy may be needed to prevent aspiration pneumonia. Prevention of primary manifestations: Chelation therapy and iron supplementation may prevent primary disease manifestations in affected asymptomatic sibs. Agents/circumstances to avoid: Foods very high in manganese: cloves; saffron; nuts; mussels; dark chocolate; and pumpkin, sesame, and sunflower seeds. Evaluation of relatives at risk: Because chelation therapy and iron supplementation could prevent primary disease manifestations in affected asymptomatic individuals, it is recommended that at-risk sibs of a proband be evaluated either by molecular genetic testing (if the pathogenic variants in the family are known) or by periodic monitoring of whole-blood manganese concentration and hemoglobin. GENETIC COUNSELING: HMNDYT1 is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. If both parents are known to be heterozygous for an SLC30A10 pathogenic variant, each sib of an affected individual has at conception a 25% chance of being affected, a 50% chance of being an asymptomatic carrier, and a 25% chance of inheriting neither of the familial pathogenic variants. Once the SLC30A10 pathogenic variants have been identified in an affected family member, carrier testing for at-risk family members and prenatal and preimplantation genetic testing are possible. CI - Copyright (c) 1993-2026, University of Washington, Seattle. GeneReviews is a registered trademark of the University of Washington, Seattle. All rights reserved. FED - Adam, Margaret P ED - Adam MP FED - Bick, Sarah ED - Bick S FED - Mirzaa, Ghayda M ED - Mirzaa GM FED - Wallace, Stephanie E ED - Wallace SE FED - Amemiya, Anne ED - Amemiya A FAU - Tuschl, Karin AU - Tuschl K AD - Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom FAU - Clayton, Peter T AU - Clayton PT AD - Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom FAU - Gospe, Sidney M Jr AU - Gospe SM Jr AD - Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington AD - Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina FAU - Mills, Philippa B AU - Mills PB AD - Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom LA - eng PT - Review PT - Book Chapter PL - Seattle (WA) OTO - NLM OT - Dystonia/Parkinsonism, Hypermanganesemia, Polycythemia, and Chronic Liver Disease OT - HMNDYT1 OT - Calcium/manganese antiporter SLC30A10 OT - SLC30A10 OT - Hypermanganesemia with Dystonia 1 OT - Dystonia/Parkinsonism, Hypermanganesemia, Polycythemia, and Chronic Liver Disease OT - HMNDYT1 EDAT- 2021/12/23 00:00 CRDT- 2021/12/23 00:00 AID - NBK100241 [bookaccession] PMID- 34836088 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211216 LR - 20211216 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Oct 27 TI - Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose. LID - 10.3390/nu13113829 [doi] LID - 3829 AB - BACKGROUND: While the bioavailability of cocoa polyphenols, particularly of the monomer (-)-epicatechin, has been investigated after a single-dose intake, the effect of sustained cocoa consumption on the metabolic profile of the structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites (SREMs) has not been investigated. METHODS: A randomized, controlled crossover clinical trial in healthy young adults (18-40 year) was conducted to evaluate SREMs after consumption of a single-dose and after daily consumption of 1.3 g of polyphenol-rich cocoa powder for 28 days. The circulating SREMs were measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). RESULTS: Twenty subjects (eleven males and nine females) were enrolled. The SREMs concentrations increased to 1741 +/- 337 nM after a single-dose and to 1445 +/- 270 nM after sustained supplementation. Sulfate conjugates showed higher levels in females (p < 0.05). The epicatechin-3'-glucuronide (E3'G) and epicatechin-3'-sulfate (E3'S) were the most abundant metabolites in all subjects. A high intra-individual correlation (r = 0.72, p < 0.001) between SREMs concentrations after single-dose and sustained supplementation was observed. The antioxidant capacity of plasma did not change in response to the intervention and was not correlated with any of the SREMs. CONCLUSION: The individual SREMs profile and concentrations after a 28-day supplementation are comparable to those after a single dose. FAU - Barrera-Reyes, Paloma K AU - Barrera-Reyes PK AD - Laboratorio de Nutrigenetica y Nutrigenomica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico. AD - Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico. FAU - Cortes-Fernandez de Lara, Josue AU - Cortes-Fernandez de Lara J AD - Laboratorio de Nutrigenetica y Nutrigenomica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico. AD - Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico. FAU - Poquet, Laure AU - Poquet L AD - Nestle Research Lausanne, Societe des Produits Nestle, 57 route du Jorat, CH-1000 Lausanne 25, Switzerland. FAU - Redeuil, Karine AU - Redeuil K AD - Nestle Research Lausanne, Societe des Produits Nestle, 57 route du Jorat, CH-1000 Lausanne 25, Switzerland. FAU - Kussmann, Martin AU - Kussmann M AD - Nuritas Limited, D02 RY95 Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Silva-Zolezzi, Irma AU - Silva-Zolezzi I AD - Nestle Research, Societe des Produits Nestle, Singapore 618802, Singapore. FAU - Tejero, Elizabeth M AU - Tejero EM AD - Laboratorio de Nutrigenetica y Nutrigenomica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico. LA - eng GR - NA/Neste LTD/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20211027 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Polyphenols) RN - 8R1V1STN48 (Catechin) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Biological Availability MH - Catechin/analogs & derivatives/*blood MH - *Chocolate MH - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Eating/*physiology MH - Female MH - Healthy Volunteers MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Polyphenols/*administration & dosage MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8625154 OTO - NOTNLM OT - antioxidant capacity OT - cocoa OT - epicatechin OT - epicatechin metabolites OT - healthy adults OT - polyphenols OT - quantification COIS- L.P., K.R., and I.S.-Z. are employees of Societe des Produits Nestle, and M.K. was an employee of Societe des Produits Nestle at the time of the study. P.K.B.-R., J.C.-F.d.L., and E.M.T. declare no conflict of interests. EDAT- 2021/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/17 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/27 CRDT- 2021/11/27 01:29 PHST- 2021/09/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/27 01:29 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu13113829 [pii] AID - nutrients-13-03829 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu13113829 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2021 Oct 27;13(11):3829. doi: 10.3390/nu13113829. PMID- 34835967 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211206 LR - 20240818 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Oct 22 TI - Analysis of Food Habits during Pandemic in a Polish Population-Based Sample of Primary School Adolescents: Diet and Activity of Youth during COVID-19 (DAY-19) Study. LID - 10.3390/nu13113711 [doi] LID - 3711 AB - The improper dietary behaviors of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, which are associated with lockdowns and reduced physical activity, are a complex problem, potentially resulting in increased risk of diet-related diseases, including overweight and obesity and their consequences. The aim of the study was to assess the food habits during the COVID-19 pandemic and to define their association with physical activity and body mass changes in a Polish population of primary school adolescents within the Diet and Activity of Youth During COVID-19 (DAY-19) Study. The DAY-19 Study was conducted in June 2020 in a national cohort of 1334 primary school students aged 10-16 years, recruited based on a stratified random sampling of schools (sampling counties from voivodeships and schools from counties). The Adolescent Food Habits Checklist (AFHC) was used to assess food habits, associated with food purchase, preparation, and consumption, which in the studied group were analyzed separately for the period before (retrospective data) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (prospective data). The recognizable physical activity changes and recognizable body mass changes were also assessed (retrospective data) and respondents were classified as those declaring that their physical activity and body mass decreased, remained stable, or increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was observed that during the COVID-19 pandemic the majority of food habits changed in a statistically significant way (p < 0.05). Within food purchase habits, the number of respondents who declared choosing a low-fat lunch away from home decreased, often buying pastries or cakes decreased, and buying a low-fat crisps brand increased (p < 0.05). Within food preparation habits, the number of respondents who declared trying to keep overall fat intake down increased, trying to keep overall sugar intake down increased, eating at least one serving of vegetables or salad with evening meal increased, and usually including some chocolate and/or biscuits in a packed lunch decreased (p < 0.05). Within food consumption habits, the number of respondents who declared making sure that they eat at least one serving of fruit a day increased, eating at least three servings of fruit most days increased, making sure that they eat at least one serving of vegetables or salad a day increased, trying to ensure that they eat plenty of fruit and vegetables increased, often choosing a fruit when they have a snack between meals increased, eating at least three servings of fruit most days increased, and generally trying to have a healthy diet increased (p < 0.05). It was concluded that in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and resultant remote education, adolescents in Poland presented different food habits than before, while the majority of changes were positive. The positive food purchase, preparation, and consumption habits were observed mainly in sub-groups of adolescents declaring decreased body mass or increased physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. It may be suggested that physical activity may support positive changes of dietary behaviors and while combined positive changes of diet and increased physical activity, they may effectively promote body mass reduction in adolescents. FAU - Kolota, Aleksandra AU - Kolota A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7044-6049 AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159c Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Glabska, Dominika AU - Glabska D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8588-7357 AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159c Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211022 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Adolescent Behavior MH - Age Factors MH - Body Mass Index MH - *COVID-19 MH - Checklist MH - Child MH - *Child Behavior MH - *Diet/adverse effects MH - *Eating MH - Exercise MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - *Health Behavior MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Nutritive Value MH - Poland MH - Prospective Studies MH - Recommended Dietary Allowances MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Weight Loss PMC - PMC8622037 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents' Food Habits Checklist (AFHC) OT - COVID-19 pandemic OT - DAY-19 study OT - adolescents OT - body mass OT - diet OT - food habits OT - obesity OT - physical activity COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/22 CRDT- 2021/11/27 01:29 PHST- 2021/09/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/27 01:29 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu13113711 [pii] AID - nutrients-13-03711 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu13113711 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2021 Oct 22;13(11):3711. doi: 10.3390/nu13113711. PMID- 34829546 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231108 IS - 2076-3921 (Print) IS - 2076-3921 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3921 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Oct 24 TI - The Combined Effects of 6 Weeks of Jump Rope Interval Exercise and Dark Chocolate Consumption on Antioxidant Markers in Obese Adolescent Boys. LID - 10.3390/antiox10111675 [doi] LID - 1675 AB - Research has shown that both dark chocolate and exercise training may have favorable effects on antioxidant function in obese cohorts. However, their combined effect has not been established. We assessed the influences of six weeks of dark chocolate consumption combined with jump rope exercise on antioxidant markers in adolescent boys with obesity. Fifty adolescent boys with obesity (age = 15 +/- 1 years) were randomly assigned into one of four groups; jump rope exercise + white chocolate consumption (JW; n = 13), jump rope exercise + dark chocolate consumption (JD; n = 13), dark chocolate consumption (DC; n = 12), or control (C; n = 12). Two participants dropped out of the study. Participants in JW and JD groups performed jump rope exercise three times per week for six weeks. Participants in the DC and JD groups consumed 30 g of dark chocolate containing 83% of cocoa during the same period. Serum concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were evaluated prior to and after the interventions. All 3 intervention groups noted significant (p < 0.01) increases in serum concentrations of TAC, SOD, and GPx from baseline to post-test. In contrast, all intervention groups showed significantly reduced serum concentrations of TBARS from pre- to post-test (p 100 g/week (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.29; 95% CI 1.07-1.56), oily and fried food >3 times/week (aOR 1.84; 95% CI 1.07-3.16) and white rice (aOR 1.80; 95% CI 1.24-2.63). Conversely, the factors associated with decreased severity of acne were consumption of sugar-free milk-free tea (aOR 0.61; 95% CI 0.43-0.87) and vegetables (aOR 0.74; 95% CI 0.62-0.89). FAU - Roengritthidet, Katewadee AU - Roengritthidet K FAU - Kamanamool, Nanticha AU - Kamanamool N FAU - Udompataikul, Montree AU - Udompataikul M FAU - Rojhirunsakool, Salinee AU - Rojhirunsakool S FAU - Khunket, Saranya AU - Khunket S FAU - Kanokrungsee, Silada AU - Kanokrungsee S AD - Graduate school, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 21, Bangkok 10110, Thailand. ksilada@hotmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211207 PL - Sweden TA - Acta Derm Venereol JT - Acta dermato-venereologica JID - 0370310 SB - IM MH - *Acne Vulgaris/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet/adverse effects MH - Humans MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Thailand/epidemiology PMC - PMC9472088 COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2021/11/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/07 CRDT- 2021/11/22 08:54 PHST- 2021/11/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/22 08:54 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ActaDV-101-12-569 [pii] AID - 10.2340/actadv.v101.569 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Acta Derm Venereol. 2021 Dec 7;101(12):adv00611. doi: 10.2340/actadv.v101.569. PMID- 34797898 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220104 LR - 20220104 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 11 DP - 2021 TI - Attentional bias modification for chocolate: Sham-n training as a new control group. PG - e0260294 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0260294 [doi] LID - e0260294 AB - Although attentional bias modification has been shown effective in several appetitive domains, results have been mixed. A major contributor seems to be the choice of control condition. The aim of the present study was to compare attentional bias modification for chocolate against a new control condition, sham-n (neutral or no-contingency) training. Using a modified dot probe protocol, participants (N = 192; 17-30 years) were randomly trained to attend to chocolate pictures, avoid chocolate pictures, or received sham-n training. In the attend and avoid conditions, stimulus pairs consisted of one chocolate and one non-chocolate picture, and probes replaced most often (90/10) chocolate or non-chocolate pictures, respectively. In the sham-n training condition, stimulus pairs consisted of two chocolate or two non-chocolate pictures, and probes replaced pictures within pairs with equal frequency (50/50). Attentional bias for chocolate increased following attend training, decreased following avoidance training, and did not change following sham-n training. The findings clearly demonstrate that both attend and avoidance training alter (in opposite direction) attentional bias for chocolate, whereas sham-n training is inert. This makes sham-n training particularly promising for use in clinical samples who tend to show strong initial biases. FAU - Kemps, Eva AU - Kemps E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0161-2960 AD - School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia. FAU - Tiggemann, Marika AU - Tiggemann M AD - School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211119 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Attentional Bias/*physiology MH - Chocolate MH - Control Groups MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8604310 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2021/11/20 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/05 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/19 CRDT- 2021/11/19 17:20 PHST- 2021/08/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/19 17:20 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-21-25047 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0260294 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2021 Nov 19;16(11):e0260294. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260294. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34795334 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220223 LR - 20231102 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Nov 18 TI - Adults who microdose psychedelics report health related motivations and lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to non-microdosers. PG - 22479 LID - 10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4 [doi] LID - 22479 AB - The use of psychedelic substances at sub-sensorium 'microdoses', has gained popular academic interest for reported positive effects on wellness and cognition. The present study describes microdosing practices, motivations and mental health among a sample of self-selected microdosers (n = 4050) and non-microdosers (n = 4653) via a mobile application. Psilocybin was the most commonly used microdose substances in our sample (85%) and we identified diverse microdose practices with regard to dosage, frequency, and the practice of stacking which involves combining psilocybin with non-psychedelic substances such as Lion's Mane mushrooms, chocolate, and niacin. Microdosers were generally similar to non-microdosing controls with regard to demographics, but were more likely to report a history of mental health concerns. Among individuals reporting mental health concerns, microdosers exhibited lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress across gender. Health and wellness-related motives were the most prominent motives across microdosers in general, and were more prominent among females and among individuals who reported mental health concerns. Our results indicate health and wellness motives and perceived mental health benefits among microdosers, and highlight the need for further research into the mental health consequences of microdosing including studies with rigorous longitudinal designs. CI - (c) 2021. The Author(s). FAU - Rootman, Joseph M AU - Rootman JM AD - Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada. joeyroot@mail.ubc.ca. FAU - Kryskow, Pamela AU - Kryskow P AD - Department of Family Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. FAU - Harvey, Kalin AU - Harvey K AD - Quantified Citizen Technologies Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada. FAU - Stamets, Paul AU - Stamets P AD - Fungi Perfecti, LLC, Olympia, USA. FAU - Santos-Brault, Eesmyal AU - Santos-Brault E AD - Quantified Citizen Technologies Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada. FAU - Kuypers, Kim P C AU - Kuypers KPC AD - Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Polito, Vince AU - Polito V AD - Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Bourzat, Francoise AU - Bourzat F AD - Center for Consciousness Medicine, Redwood City, USA. FAU - Walsh, Zach AU - Walsh Z AD - Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211118 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (Hallucinogens) RN - 2RV7212BP0 (Psilocybin) RN - 8NA5SWF92O (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Anxiety/*drug therapy MH - Cognition/drug effects MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Depression/*drug therapy MH - Female MH - Hallucinogens/administration & dosage MH - Humans MH - International Cooperation MH - Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/administration & dosage MH - Male MH - Mental Health MH - Middle Aged MH - Motivation/*drug effects MH - Psilocybin/*administration & dosage MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8602275 COIS- Joseph Rootman has received research funding from Quantified Citizen Technologies who provided the data collection platform for this study. Pamela Kryskow is a member of the clinical advisory board of Numinus Wellness which is a company that provides psychedelic psychotherapy services. Pamela Kryskow is compensated for this role with Numinus stock. Kalin Harvey is the CTO and co-founder of Quantified Citizen which is a company that produces software for decentralized mobile research, which was used in this study. Paul Stamets is a minority investor in Quantified Citizen and is an applicant on pending patents combining psilocybin mushrooms, Lions Mane mushrooms and niacin. Eesmyal Santos-Brault is the CEO and co-founder of Quantified Citizen which is a company that produces software for decentralized mobile research, which was used in this study. Kim PC Kuypers is a principle investigator on research projects, the present study not included, that are sponsored by Mindmed and Silopharma which are companies that are developing psychedelic medicines. Vince Polito is a science advisor for Mydecine Innovations Group, which is a company that is developing psychedelic medicines. Francoise Bourzat is a collaborator in the study on psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for COVID related grief at Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, CA. Zach Walsh is in paid advisory relationships with Numinus Wellness and Entheo Tech Biomedical regarding the medical development of psychedelics. EDAT- 2021/11/20 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/24 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/18 CRDT- 2021/11/19 06:30 PHST- 2021/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/11/19 06:30 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4 [pii] AID - 1811 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 18;11(1):22479. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4. PMID- 34716919 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220428 LR - 20220428 IS - 1745-4603 (Electronic) IS - 0022-4901 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Feb TI - Children's acceptability profiles for biscuits with different fiber content. PG - 41-51 LID - 10.1111/jtxs.12642 [doi] AB - Due to the widespread rejection by children of products with high-fiber content, new approaches to meet the dietary recommendations on fiber intake are necessary. To understand which sensory properties influence this rejection, children's acceptability was examined in high-fiber biscuits and drivers of liking were identified. One hundred and ten Spanish children (6-12 years old) evaluated the overall liking of eight commercial biscuits with variable fiber content and stated their preference. To study the drivers of liking, the samples were characterized through a quantitative descriptive analysis, the determination of the moisture and water activity as well as the instrumental evaluation of texture with a texture analyzer. It was suggested that the addition of fiber in biscuits reduced children's liking ratings. High-fiber samples were sensory and instrumentally described as harder, crispier, and more chewing than the samples with medium and low fiber content. The main sensory driver of liking identified in this study was the soft texture. Despite their hard texture, high- and medium-fiber samples were chosen as the preferred ones for 14% of the children that participated when they included chocolate taste. Drivers of disliking identified in this study were related to the addition of fruit as a filling or as dehydrated pieces. This knowledge about children's acceptability of high-fiber products might be of interest for the food industry with the aim of developing well-accepted products that supply nutritional deficiencies associated with the fiber intake. CI - (c) 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - da Quinta, Noelia AU - da Quinta N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0888-7713 AD - Food Research, AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technological Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Derio, Spain. AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. FAU - Alvarez-Sabatel, Saioa AU - Alvarez-Sabatel S AD - Food Research, AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technological Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Derio, Spain. FAU - Martinez de Maranon, Inigo AU - Martinez de Maranon I AD - Food Research, AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technological Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Derio, Spain. FAU - Alfaro, Begona AU - Alfaro B AD - Food Research, AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technological Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Derio, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20211230 PL - England TA - J Texture Stud JT - Journal of texture studies JID - 0252052 RN - 0 (Dietary Fiber) SB - IM MH - Child MH - Dietary Fiber MH - *Food Preferences MH - Fruit MH - Humans MH - *Taste OTO - NOTNLM OT - acceptability OT - children OT - drivers of liking OT - fiber OT - texture analysis EDAT- 2021/10/31 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/29 06:00 CRDT- 2021/10/30 12:12 PHST- 2021/10/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/30 12:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jtxs.12642 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Texture Stud. 2022 Feb;53(1):41-51. doi: 10.1111/jtxs.12642. Epub 2021 Dec 30. PMID- 34691390 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240403 IS - 2045-7022 (Print) IS - 2045-7022 (Electronic) IS - 2045-7022 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 8 DP - 2021 Oct TI - Prenatal PM(2.5) affects atopic dermatitis depending on maternal anxiety and gender: COCOA study. PG - e12070 LID - 10.1002/clt2.12070 [doi] LID - e12070 AB - BACKGROUND: The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) is increasing worldwide. Prenatal particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 mum (PM(2.5)) and maternal anxiety during pregnancy has been suggested as a potential causes of AD. This study investigated the effects of prenatal PM(2.5) and maternal anxiety on AD and identified the critical period of PM(2.5) exposure for AD in infants. METHODS: This study included 802 children from the COCOA birth cohort study with follow-up data at 1 year of age. PM(2.5) was estimated by land-use regression models and prenatal anxiety was measured with a questionnaire. AD was diagnosed by doctor at 1 year of age. Logistic regression analysis and Bayesian distributed lag interaction models were applied. RESULTS: Higher PM(2.5) during the first trimester of pregnancy, higher prenatal maternal anxiety, and male gender were associated with AD at 1 year of age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86 [1.08-3.19], 1.58 [1.01-2.47], and 1.54 [1.01-2.36], respectively). Higher PM(2.5) during the first trimester and higher maternal anxiety during pregnancy showed an additive effect on the risk of AD (aOR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.56-6.28). Among boys exposed to higher maternal anxiety during pregnancy, gestational weeks 5-8 were the critical period of PM(2.5) exposure for the development of AD. CONCLUSIONS: Higher PM(2.5) exposure during gestational weeks 5-8 increased the probability of AD in infancy, especially in boys with higher maternal anxiety. Avoiding PM(2.5) exposure and maternal anxiety from the first trimester may prevent infant AD. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. Clinical and Translational Allergy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. FAU - Kim, Sangrok AU - Kim S AD - Department of Medical Science Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology Asan Medical Center Ulsan University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Yang, Song-I AU - Yang SI AD - Department of Pediatrics Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital Hallym University College of Medicine Anyang Republic of Korea. FAU - Lim, Hyeyeun AU - Lim H AD - Department of Pediatrics Childhood Asthma Atopy Center Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Department of Pediatrics Childhood Asthma Atopy Center Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Min Jee AU - Park MJ AD - Department of Pediatrics Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center Uijeongbu Republic of Korea. FAU - Song, Kun-Baek AU - Song KB AD - Department of Pediatrics Childhood Asthma Atopy Center Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Eom Ji AU - Choi EJ AD - Department of Pediatrics Childhood Asthma Atopy Center Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Oh, Hea Young AU - Oh HY AD - Department of Medicine Asan Medical Center Ulsan University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hwan-Cheol AU - Kim HC AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Inha University School of Medicine Incheon Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Yee-Jin AU - Shin YJ AD - Department of Psychiatry Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Kyung-Sook AU - Lee KS AD - Department of Rehabilitation Hanshin University Osan Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Kil Yong AU - Choi KY AD - Department of Environmental Energy Engineering Anyang University Anyang Republic of Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics CHA Gangnam Medical Center CHA University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1409-2113 AD - Department of Pediatrics Childhood Asthma Atopy Center Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211015 PL - England TA - Clin Transl Allergy JT - Clinical and translational allergy JID - 101576043 PMC - PMC8519998 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PM2.5 OT - anxiety OT - atopic dermatitis OT - gender OT - prenatal COIS- The authors acknowledge that there is no conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2021/10/26 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/26 06:01 PMCR- 2021/10/15 CRDT- 2021/10/25 06:29 PHST- 2021/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/25 06:29 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/26 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CLT212070 [pii] AID - 10.1002/clt2.12070 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Clin Transl Allergy. 2021 Oct 15;11(8):e12070. doi: 10.1002/clt2.12070. eCollection 2021 Oct. PMID- 34676690 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220228 LR - 20240403 IS - 2051-817X (Electronic) IS - 2051-817X (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 20 DP - 2021 Oct TI - Dose-effect relation between regular consumption of 100% cocoa powder and blood pressure in young, healthy black Africans. PG - e15070 LID - 10.14814/phy2.15070 [doi] LID - e15070 AB - BACKGROUND: Some previous works have focused on dose-response relationship between cocoa consumption and blood pressure in Caucasians. As black subjects have lower nitric oxide bioavailability, the aim of this work was to determine the dose-effect relation between cocoa and blood pressure in black Africans. METHOD: One hundred and thirty healthy black African males aged 18-30 were randomly assigned into four groups: three groups consuming 10 g, 5 g, or 2 g of cocoa powder daily for three weeks and one control group that did not consume cocoa. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were measured on day 1 (D1, before any subject consumed cocoa), D8, D15, and D22. Means of the parameters at each of the four visits and changes of the means were compared among the groups. RESULTS: Significant decrease in SBP was noted in consumers of 10 g compared to controls in the 1st week, and compared to consumers of 2 g in the 2nd and 3rd weeks of follow-up. Means and changes of DBP were statistically similar among the four groups. CONCLUSION: Among our cohort, decrease in SBP was significantly greater in the heavy cocoa consumer group (10 g) compared to the low consumer group (2 g), but there was no statistically significant difference when compared with the intermediate consumer group (5 g). The dose-response relationship between cocoa consumption and changes in SBP was not linear. No relationship was found between cocoa consumption and DBP. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society. FAU - Balayssac-Siransy, Edwige AU - Balayssac-Siransy E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2020-2588 AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. AD - Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Yopougon, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Ouattara, Soualiho AU - Ouattara S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1401-1600 AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Boka, Kotchi Joel Michee AU - Boka KJM AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Ahiboh, Hugues AU - Ahiboh H AD - Laboratoire de Biochimie, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Yeo, Teniloh Augustin AU - Yeo TA AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Yapo, Paule-Denise AU - Yapo PD AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Kondo, Aya Liliane AU - Kondo AL AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Toure, Walamitien Cyrille AU - Toure WC AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Ede, Kotchi Fabrice AU - Ede KF AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Dah, Cyrille Serges AU - Dah CS AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. AD - Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Cocody, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. FAU - Bogui, Pascal AU - Bogui P AD - Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Physiol Rep JT - Physiological reports JID - 101607800 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Black People/*statistics & numerical data MH - *Blood Pressure MH - Cacao/*adverse effects MH - *Heart Rate MH - Humans MH - Hypertension/etiology/*pathology MH - Male MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8531838 OTO - NOTNLM OT - black African OT - blood pressure OT - cocoa OT - dose-effect COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationship that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/01 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/21 CRDT- 2021/10/22 07:13 PHST- 2021/08/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/22 07:13 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PHY215070 [pii] AID - 10.14814/phy2.15070 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Physiol Rep. 2021 Oct;9(20):e15070. doi: 10.14814/phy2.15070. PMID- 34669227 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220502 LR - 20220808 IS - 1520-6300 (Electronic) IS - 1042-0533 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May TI - The Great Recession weighted on Portuguese children: A structural equation modeling approach considering eating patterns. PG - e23692 LID - 10.1002/ajhb.23692 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Further evidence on how the Great Recession was associated with childhood obesity is needed, particularly when the world is facing a new and severe economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explores: (1) the direct association of the 2008's economic crisis with eating patterns and body mass index (BMI), among children, independently of their socioeconomic status (SES), and (2) the indirect association between the crisis and children's BMI, by using eating patterns as mediators. METHODS: A sample of children (n = 8472, mean age: 7.17 years old, 50.8% male) was recruited in schools from the cities of Porto, Coimbra and Lisbon, Portugal. Children's height and weight were objectively measured; BMI was calculated. Other data were collected by a parental questionnaire. A structural equation modeling studied the associations between the economic crisis impact, eating patterns, and BMI; model was adjusted for SES. RESULTS: Children in families that reported a greater impact of the economic crisis showed higher consumption of unhealthy food items and lower consumption of healthy foods, regardless of SES. Indirectly, children whose parents scored higher in the economic crisis impact had higher BMI mediated by a higher consumption of cakes/chocolates and lower intake of vegetables/salads. CONCLUSIONS: The economic crisis was associated with higher BMI and unhealthy eating patterns. Efforts to promote healthy diets and weight are needed at a population level rather than for specific social classes, particularly in the face of a new economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. CI - (c) 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Rodrigues, Daniela AU - Rodrigues D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4559-4303 AD - CIAS-Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Carmo, Ariene AU - Carmo A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3421-9495 AD - Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Gama, Augusta AU - Gama A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2143-8602 AD - CIAS-Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M AU - Machado-Rodrigues AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7169-8034 AD - CIAS-Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - High School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal. FAU - Nogueira, Helena AU - Nogueira H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5724-3538 AD - CIAS-Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. FAU - Rosado-Marques, Vitor AU - Rosado-Marques V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4343-6624 AD - CIAS-Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. FAU - Silva, Maria-Raquel AU - Silva MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8170-3119 AD - CIAS-Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Padez, Cristina AU - Padez C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1967-3497 AD - CIAS-Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211020 PL - United States TA - Am J Hum Biol JT - American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council JID - 8915029 SB - IM MH - Body Mass Index MH - *COVID-19/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Eating MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Latent Class Analysis MH - Male MH - Pandemics MH - *Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology/etiology MH - Portugal/epidemiology EDAT- 2021/10/21 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/03 06:00 CRDT- 2021/10/20 12:38 PHST- 2021/10/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/20 12:38 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/ajhb.23692 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Hum Biol. 2022 May;34(5):e23692. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23692. Epub 2021 Oct 20. PMID- 34616165 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220427 IS - 1178-7007 (Print) IS - 1178-7007 (Electronic) IS - 1178-7007 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2021 TI - Metabolic Syndrome Associated with Tobacco and Caffeine Products Use Among Refugee Adolescents: Risk of Dyslipidemia. PG - 4121-4133 LID - 10.2147/DMSO.S329675 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Due to their stressful lives, Palestinian refugees are prone to use cognitive enhancers (CE) and psychostimulant substances (PS). Recognising health problems associated with CE/PS use can indicate how preventive programs should be directed towards adolescents. Unfortunately, research has not thoroughly investigated the health problems related to tobacco and caffeine products, the most socially acceptable CE/PS among Palestinian refugee adolescents. METHODOLOGY: In 2021, schoolchildren from five Palestinian refugee camps (N=271) aged 12-<16 years agreed to give blood samples and to be interviewed to address the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and tobacco smoking, coffee, energy drinks (ED), black tea, and chocolate consumption. MetS was diagnosed based on International Diabetic Federation Criteria. To address the association, we used binary logistic regression models adjusted to age, gender, BMI, and central obesity. RESULTS: The prevalence of MetS was [17 (6.3%)]; (7.4%) in males, (5.1%) in females. The prevalence of substance use was as follows: ED [163 (48.9%)], coffee [255 (76.6%)], black tea [295 (89.1%)], cigarette [35 (10.5%)], waterpipe [59 (17.7%)], and chocolate [309 (93.6%)], with male predominance. Cigarette smokers have increased central obesity (p-value=0.024), and decreased HDL-cholesterol (p-value=0.015) than non-smokers. Similar results were observed for waterpipe smokers besides the increased levels of triglycerides (p-value=0.01). ED consumers have increased central obesity (p-value=0.03) and fast blood sugar (p-value=0.003) than non-consumers. Chocolate consumers have decreased central obesity (p-value=0.008) and increased HDL levels (p-value=0.04) than non-consumers. ED consumers were significantly at higher risk of MetS (OR=9.97, p-value=0.019) than non-consumers and chocolate consumers were at lower risk of MetS (OR=0.14, p-value=0.046) than non-consumers. Waterpipe smokers were at a higher risk of having increased plasma triglycerides than non-consumers (OR=3.4, p-value=0.03). CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of ED consumption and waterpipe smoking in Palestinian refugee adolescents is problematic. Their use was associated with higher odds of MetS, dyslipidemia, and central obesity, which justifies greater attention. CI - (c) 2021 Damiri et al. FAU - Damiri, Basma AU - Damiri B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8242-391X AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Drug, and Toxicology Division, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Khatib, Omar AU - Khatib O AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Nazzal, Zaher AU - Nazzal Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2655-6109 AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Family and Community Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Sanduka, Diala AU - Sanduka D AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Igbaria, Siwar AU - Igbaria S AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Thabaleh, Ammar AU - Thabaleh A AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Farhoud, Ahmad AU - Farhoud A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8394-7168 AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Saudi, Lubna AU - Saudi L AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Family and Community Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Belkebir, Souad AU - Belkebir S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4788-7900 AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Family and Community Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Al Ali, Rayyan AU - Al Ali R AD - Medicine & Health Sciences Faculty, Forensic Medicine Institute, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Alili, Mohammed AU - Alili M AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Hamdan, Mahmoud AU - Hamdan M AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Graduate School, Clinical Laboratory Science Program, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Safarini, Omar A AU - Safarini OA AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. FAU - Younis, Omar AU - Younis O AD - Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210929 PL - New Zealand TA - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes JT - Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy JID - 101515585 PMC - PMC8487859 OTO - NOTNLM OT - UNRWA OT - cognitive enhancers and psychostimulants OT - dyslipidemia OT - metabolic syndrome OT - refugee adolescents OT - tobacco smoking COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/10/08 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/08 06:01 PMCR- 2021/09/29 CRDT- 2021/10/07 06:52 PHST- 2021/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/07 06:52 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/08 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 329675 [pii] AID - 10.2147/DMSO.S329675 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021 Sep 29;14:4121-4133. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S329675. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34597743 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220106 LR - 20220106 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 168 DP - 2022 Jan 1 TI - Social reward from giving food to others affects food craving and brain potentials: An imagery-based event-related potential study. PG - 105722 LID - S0195-6663(21)00629-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105722 [doi] AB - The interactions between social and eating behaviors can be quite pronounced and are mediated by overlapping neural circuits. The present event-related potential study tested whether the imagery of a specific prosocial behavior (giving chocolates to grateful children) can influence food cue reactivity. A total of 92 females (mean age = 23.5 years) were randomly assigned to one of three guided imagery conditions. The participants listened to an audio recording and were instructed to imagine one of three possible scenes; giving 30 M&Ms to children, eating 30 M&Ms, or sorting 30 marbles. Directly after the imagery task, the participants were presented with images of M&Ms and marbles while their electroencephalogram was recorded. We examined the Late Positive Potential (LPP) across a fronto-central and a parieto-occipital cluster, M&M craving, and subsequent consumption of (real) M&Ms. The mental imagery of offering M&Ms to children was associated with lower M&M craving and higher fronto-central LPP amplitudes (300-600 ms after picture onset) compared to the other imagery conditions. The consumption of M&Ms did not differ between the groups. The LPP is sensitive to the implementation of craving regulation strategies. Furthermore, heightened LPPs are reliably observed in response to motivationally significant stimuli, conflict, and social context. Future studies are needed to specify the specific psychological processes that are associated with the observed LPP effect. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that mental imagery of receiving a social reward from giving food to others can change components of food cue reactivity in healthy females. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Schienle, Anne AU - Schienle A AD - Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, BioTechMed, Graz, Austria. Electronic address: anne.schienle@uni-graz.at. FAU - Gremsl, Andreas AU - Gremsl A AD - Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, BioTechMed, Graz, Austria. FAU - Zorjan, Sasa AU - Zorjan S AD - Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, BioTechMed, Graz, Austria; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, Slovenia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20210928 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Brain MH - Child MH - *Craving MH - Cues MH - Evoked Potentials MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Imagery, Psychotherapy MH - Reward MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - ERP OT - Food cue processing OT - Imagery OT - Late positive potential OT - Prosocial behavior EDAT- 2021/10/02 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/07 06:00 CRDT- 2021/10/01 20:15 PHST- 2021/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/01 20:15 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(21)00629-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105722 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2022 Jan 1;168:105722. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105722. Epub 2021 Sep 28. PMID- 34583665 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211001 LR - 20211013 IS - 1472-6831 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6831 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Sep 28 TI - Prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molar and associated risk factors among sixth-grade students in Sao Tome Island. PG - 483 LID - 10.1186/s12903-021-01846-z [doi] LID - 483 AB - BACKGROUND: Dental caries is one of the most preventable oral diseases among children in developing countries. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and severity of dental caries in the first permanent molar and analyze the related risk factors among sixth-grade students in Sao Tome Island. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a stratified cluster sampling method was conducted on 1855 sixth-grade school children, mainly aged 11 to 14 years old, from 10 schools in 6 regions of Sao Tome Island, from April 17 to June 27, 2021. Dental caries examination was performed by using the CAST criteria (DMFT) index, and the self-administered questionnaires about family background, oral hygiene, and relevant behaviors were collected. Multivariable logistic regression was used to study risk factors related to dental caries of the first permanent molar, and all data analyses were done using SPSS version 25. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molar was 68.79%, without significant difference between gender, age, residence, and whether only child or not. The mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surface (DMFS) index were 1.751 +/- 1.514 and 3.542 +/- 3.941, respectively. The rate of filling teeth was 5.50%, and Pit and Fissure Sealant (PFS) rate was 2.21%. The overall prevalence and DMFT index of dental caries of permanent teeth was 76.01% and 2.753 +/- 4.569, respectively. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that the frequency of candy/chocolate consumption (OR = 1.095) and fair self-assessment of dental health (OR = 1.354) were significantly associated with dental caries (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molar was a public health issue among sixth-grade school children in Sao Tome Island. The prevalence of dental caries, mean DMFT and DMFS scores were higher, while the rate of filling and PFS teeth were lower than the average score of other African countries. Thus, oral health education, implement oral health preaching to school children and their parents is crucial to prevent dental caries. CI - (c) 2021. The Author(s). FAU - Que, Lin AU - Que L AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. AD - Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. FAU - Jia, Mao AU - Jia M AD - State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. AD - Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. FAU - You, Zhen AU - You Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9792-7747 AD - Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. youzhen@wchscu.cn. FAU - Jiang, Li-Cheng AU - Jiang LC AD - Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610041, China. FAU - Yang, Chun-Guang AU - Yang CG AD - Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Panzhihua, Panzhihua, 617000, China. FAU - Quaresma, Alexandre Afonso d'Oliveira AU - Quaresma AAD AD - Ministry of Education, Agua Grand, Sao Tome and Principe. FAU - das Neves, Edgar Manuel Azevedo Agostinho AU - das Neves EMAA AD - Ministry of Health, Agua Grand, Sao Tome and Principe. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210928 PL - England TA - BMC Oral Health JT - BMC oral health JID - 101088684 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - DMF Index MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Molar MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors MH - Students PMC - PMC8479893 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dental caries OT - Dental health for children OT - Oral hygiene OT - Sao Tome and Principe COIS- The authors declare that there are no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/09/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/02 06:00 PMCR- 2021/09/28 CRDT- 2021/09/29 05:37 PHST- 2021/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/29 05:37 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12903-021-01846-z [pii] AID - 1846 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12903-021-01846-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Oral Health. 2021 Sep 28;21(1):483. doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01846-z. PMID- 34578881 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210930 LR - 20211001 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 9 DP - 2021 Aug 28 TI - Association between Food Preferences and Food Habits in a Polish Adolescents' COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study. LID - 10.3390/nu13093003 [doi] LID - 3003 AB - Food preferences are among the most influential factors of food habits in the vulnerable period of adolescence; in addition, gender-dependent differences in food preferences are also observed. The aim of the present study was to analyze differences in food habits between individuals stratified based on their food preferences in a population-based sample of adolescents aged 15-20. The study was conducted within the Polish Adolescents' COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study population in a group of 2419 secondary school students who were randomly chosen to participate in the study using a random quota sampling procedure. The food preferences were determined on the basis of a validated Food Preference Questionnaire (FPQ) (which enables assessing preference of vegetables, fruit, meat/fish, dairy, snacks, and starches), whereas food habits were determined on the basis of the Adolescents' Food Habits Checklist (AFHC) (which enables assessing food purchase, preparation, and consumption habits). The analysis involved three homogenous clusters ('low-preferring', 'hedonists', and 'high-preferring'), which were identified using the k-means algorithm. It was found that for a number of the assessed food purchase, preparation, and consumption habits, there were statistically significant differences between the 'low-preferring', 'hedonists', and 'high-preferring' clusters. Within food purchase habits, the food preference influenced frequency of buying pastries/cakes and frequency of eating takeaway meals for all the respondents, while for female respondents, it influenced also choice of desserts in restaurants, and for male respondents, it influenced choosing a low-fat lunch away from home (p < 0.05). Within food preparation habits, the food preference influenced the fat content in desserts at home, the frequency of eating at least one serving of vegetables/salad with an evening meal, the frequency of spreading butter/margarine on bread thinly, and the frequency of having cream on desserts for all the respondents; meanwhile, for female respondents, it also influenced the frequency of avoiding fried foods and the frequency of including chocolate/biscuits in their packed lunch (p < 0.05). Within food consumption habits, the food preference influenced the frequency of eating a dessert/pudding, eating at least one serving of fruit a day, eating at least one serving of vegetables/salad a day, avoiding sausages/burgers, trying to ensure they eat plenty of fruit and vegetables, and frequency of choosing fruit as a snack for all the respondents; meanwhile, for male respondents, it also influenced the frequency of eating sweet snacks and eating at least three servings of fruit most days (p < 0.05). Taking into account that some improper food habits may be typical for the specific clusters, there is an urgent need to analyze and address them for the purposes of public health and to bear in mind that some of those habits are gender-dependent. FAU - Skolmowska, Dominika AU - Skolmowska D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5818-9884 AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Glabska, Dominika AU - Glabska D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8588-7357 AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Guzek, Dominika AU - Guzek D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0784-3604 AD - Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210828 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *COVID-19 MH - Diet/*statistics & numerical data MH - Diet Surveys MH - Feeding Behavior/*physiology MH - Female MH - Food Preferences/*physiology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Poland MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8471474 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents' Food Habits Checklist (AFHC) OT - Food Preference Questionnaire (FPQ) OT - PLACE-19 Study OT - adolescents OT - food habits OT - food preferences OT - national study OT - population-based study COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/09/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/01 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/28 CRDT- 2021/09/28 01:27 PHST- 2021/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/28 01:27 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu13093003 [pii] AID - nutrients-13-03003 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu13093003 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2021 Aug 28;13(9):3003. doi: 10.3390/nu13093003. PMID- 34553956 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211125 LR - 20211125 IS - 1939-1846 (Electronic) IS - 0021-843X (Linking) VI - 130 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Aug TI - Comparing healthy adolescent females with and without parental history of eating pathology on neural responsivity to food and thin models and other potential risk factors. PG - 608-619 LID - 10.1037/abn0000686 [doi] AB - We tested the hypotheses that female adolescents at risk for future eating disorders, based on parental history of binge eating and compensatory weight control behaviors, would show greater reward and attention region response to thin-models and tastes, anticipated tastes, and images of high-calorie foods, lower inhibitory circuitry response to a high-calorie food-specific go/no-go paradigm, and greater limbic circuitry response to negative mood induction. We recruited female adolescents free of binge eating or compensatory behaviors (N = 88; M(age) = 14.6 [SD = .9]; 72% White) with versus without parental history of eating pathology. Parental-history-positive youth showed elevated reward region response (putamen) to anticipated tastes of chocolate milkshake, and greater emotionality, caloric deprivation, weight and shape overvaluation, and feeling fat (though no difference in weight), but lower liking of high-calorie foods, which were medium to large effects. We did not observe statistically significant differences in neural responsivity for the other paradigms. The evidence that parental-history-positive youth show greater reward region response to anticipated tastes of high-calorie food, overvaluation of weight/shape, feeling fat, caloric deprivation, emotionality, and lower liking of high-calorie foods before evidencing behavioral symptoms of eating disorders are novel findings. Weight/shape overvaluation may contribute to feeling fat, lower food liking, and caloric deprivation; the latter may drive elevated reward region response to anticipated consumption of high-calorie food and emotionality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved). FAU - Stice, Eric AU - Stice E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9632-1540 AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. FAU - Yokum, Sonja AU - Yokum S AD - Oregon Research Institute. FAU - Rohde, Paul AU - Rohde P AD - Oregon Research Institute. FAU - Cloud, Kasie AU - Cloud K AD - Oregon Research Institute. FAU - Desjardins, Chrisopher David AU - Desjardins CD AD - Department of Mathematics and Statistics. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03687346 PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - J Abnorm Psychol JT - Journal of abnormal psychology JID - 0034461 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Attention MH - Female MH - *Food MH - Humans MH - Parents MH - Reward MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2021/09/24 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/26 06:00 CRDT- 2021/09/23 12:13 PHST- 2021/09/23 12:13 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/26 06:00 [medline] AID - 2021-87930-004 [pii] AID - 10.1037/abn0000686 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Abnorm Psychol. 2021 Aug;130(6):608-619. doi: 10.1037/abn0000686. PMID- 34553881 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211125 LR - 20211125 IS - 0035-7715 (Print) IS - 0035-7715 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 3 DP - 2021 TI - Assessment of caffeine intake with food by Polish females and males. PG - 273-280 LID - 10.32394/rpzh.2021.0171 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Caffeine is the most widespread psychoactive substance in the world. With long-term consumption of caffeinated beverages, there is a high probability of overtaking on caffeine. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to estimate the consumption of caffeine in the daily caffeine intake of Polish consumers, determine the caffeinated products in the intake of this substance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survey was completed by 433 respondents living in Poland. The research tool was the electronic questionnaire, which consisted of: a) questions about personal data and measurement anthropometric and the level of physical activity and smoking; b) questions regarding the portion size and frequency of consumption of coffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate, energy drinks and colacarbonated beverages. RESULTS: The main sources of caffeine in the respondents' diet include: coffee (Me 43.64 mg/d) and tea (Me 37.60 mg/d). Approximately 20% of respondents exceeded the threshold of daily caffeine intake (safety level for children and adolescents up to 3 mg/kg b.w, for adults up to 5.7 mg/kg b.w), considered safe. CONCLUSIONS: Respondents who have crossed the safe dose of caffeine intake, should limit the consumption of products being its main source (coffee). CI - (c) Copyright by the National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute FAU - Malczyk, Ewa AU - Malczyk E AD - Department of Health Sciences and Physical Education, University of Applied Sciences in Nysa, Armii Krajowej 7, 48-300 Nysa, Poland. FAU - Wyka, Joanna AU - Wyka J AD - Department of Human Nutrition, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland. FAU - Malczyk, Agata AU - Malczyk A AD - Department of Health Sciences and Physical Education, University of Applied Sciences in Nysa, Armii Krajowej 7, 48-300 Nysa, Poland. FAU - Larma, Katarzyna AU - Larma K AD - Department of Health Sciences and Physical Education, University of Applied Sciences in Nysa, Armii Krajowej 7, 48-300 Nysa, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Poland TA - Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig JT - Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny JID - 0414756 RN - 0 (Coffee) RN - 0 (Tea) RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Beverages/analysis MH - *Caffeine/analysis MH - Child MH - Coffee MH - Eating MH - *Energy Drinks/analysis MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Poland MH - Tea OTO - NOTNLM OT - Poland OT - caffeine OT - caffeine intake with food OT - women COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/09/24 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/26 06:00 CRDT- 2021/09/23 09:26 PHST- 2021/09/23 09:26 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/26 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.32394/rpzh.2021.0171 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2021;72(3):273-280. doi: 10.32394/rpzh.2021.0171. PMID- 34544246 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210922 LR - 20210922 IS - 2035-648X (Electronic) IS - 1591-996X (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 3 DP - 2021 Sep TI - Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in a paediatric italian population: An epidemiological study. PG - 189-198 LID - 10.23804/ejpd.2021.22.03.3 [doi] AB - AIM: The present work aims to evaluate, through an epidemiological study, the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in an Italian paediatric population, aged up to 71 months, evaluating some determinants that will be illustrated in this study in order to adopt preventive care and intervene as early as possible to limit the development of this disease. METHODS: The sample consisted of 76 children aged up to 71 months who were examined at the PAediatric Dentistry Clinic of the University of l'Aquila. Parents were informed of the research that was taking place. All read the information sheet explaining the study and signed the informed consent where it was emphasised that the data collected would be treated and stored in a strictly confidential manner, pursuant to the Legislative Decree 196/2003 in force in Italy since June 30, 2003, regarding the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data. At the end of this study, a standardised questionnaire administered. The questionnaire, divided into two parts, made it possible to acquire information regarding the characteristics of the population. First part: General data of the child and the medical history of the mother and father; Second part: The age and gender of the child, the type and duration of breastfeeding, the use of sugary pacifiers, oral hygiene and frequency of consumption of sugars drinks and food, identifying the starting age. RESULTS: Evaluating the dmft of each child, 40.79% of our sample population is affected by ECC; 57.89% of the children used the pacifier and 13,16% of them have or have used it with honey with a p value of 0.001, therefore this parameter was statistically significant, together with the intake of candies, chocolates and sugar drinks. The data was collected for a period of about 12 months, consequently a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted in which the characteristics of the population under consideration were outlined. Discrete and nominal variables have been described with frequencies and percentages. The percentage differences were evaluated using the chi-square test and the Fisher test. Quantitative variables were expressed in terms of mean and standard deviation and significance was assessed by the Mann-Whitney test. The level of significance was established as p <0.05. A Logistic Regression was conducted to evaluate the risk factors associated with a dmft>0 setting, dmft=0/dmft>0 as the dependent variable and the variables investigated as explanatory variables. The evaluation of the association was reported as the Odds Ratio with the 95% confidence interval. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Stata 12/1C statistical package. CONCLUSION: ECC is a multifactorial disease in which eating habits play a very important role. A diet that from childhood is characterised by a high consumption of sugar-rich food and drinks is highly associated with the incidence of ECC in later years. FAU - Severino, M AU - Severino M AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences - University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Caruso, Sara AU - Caruso S AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences - University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Ferrazzano, G F AU - Ferrazzano GF AD - Paediatric Dentistry section, UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy. FAU - Pisaneschi, A AU - Pisaneschi A AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences - University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Fiasca, F AU - Fiasca F AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences - University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - Caruso, Silvia AU - Caruso S AD - Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences - University of L'Aquila, Italy. FAU - De Giorgio, S AU - De Giorgio S AD - Paediatric Department, ISI (Istituto Stomatologico Italiano), Milano, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Italy TA - Eur J Paediatr Dent JT - European journal of paediatric dentistry JID - 101121881 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - *Dental Caries Susceptibility MH - Epidemiologic Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Italy/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2021/09/22 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/23 06:00 CRDT- 2021/09/21 05:29 PHST- 2021/09/21 05:29 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/23 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.23804/ejpd.2021.22.03.3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2021 Sep;22(3):189-198. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2021.22.03.3. PMID- 34493393 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220216 LR - 20220216 IS - 2212-2672 (Print) IS - 2212-2672 (Linking) VI - 122 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan TI - Comparing the Effects of Four Front-of-Package Nutrition Labels on Consumer Purchases of Five Common Beverages and Snack Foods: Results from a Randomized Trial. PG - 38-48.e9 LID - S2212-2672(21)01040-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jand.2021.07.014 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Front-of-package (FOP) nutrition labeling systems differ in how they rate food and beverage products. There is a need to examine the implications of these differences, including their focus on nutrients of public health concern. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to examine the impacts of 4 common FOP labels on consumers' purchases of products that received conflicting ratings across FOP systems. DESIGN: In an experimental marketplace, participants were randomized to complete a series of purchases under 1 of 5 FOP conditions: no label, "high in" nutrient labels, multiple traffic light, Health Star Rating, or a 5-color nutrition grade. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: A final sample of 3,584 Canadians (13 years and older) were recruited from shopping centers in March to May 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Probability of purchasing was assessed for 5 product categories (100% fruit juice, plain milk, chocolate milk, cheese snacks, and diet beverages), which received conflicting ratings across the FOP conditions. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Separate generalized linear mixed models estimated the influence of FOP condition on 5 binary outcomes (1 = purchased, 0 = not purchased) corresponding to the product categories. RESULTS: Few differences were observed among the full sample. Among participants who noticed the labels (n = 1,993), those in the Health Star Rating condition were 4.5 percentage points (95% CI -7.0 to -1.9) more likely to purchase 100% fruit juice (compared to multiple traffic light) and 3.3 (95% CI 0.4 to 6.2) and 3.0 percentage points (95% CI 0.1 to 6.1) more likely to purchase cheese snacks (compared to no label and "high in"). "High in" labels produced fewer purchases of chocolate milk than no label. CONCLUSIONS: Despite some similarities, existing FOP systems differ in the extent to which they promote or dissuade purchases of common product categories. Although the Health Star Rating might encourage purchases of products with certain positive nutritional attributes, "high in" and multiple traffic light systems might more effectively discourage purchases of products contributing nutrients of public health concern. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Acton, Rachel B AU - Acton RB AD - School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. FAU - Kirkpatrick, Sharon I AU - Kirkpatrick SI AD - School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. FAU - Hammond, David AU - Hammond D AD - School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. Electronic address: david.hammond@uwaterloo.ca. LA - eng GR - SAH-152808/CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210904 PL - United States TA - J Acad Nutr Diet JT - Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics JID - 101573920 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Beverages MH - Canada MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - Female MH - Food Labeling/*methods MH - *Food Preferences MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Product Labeling/*methods MH - *Snacks MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Experimental marketplace OT - Food policy OT - Front-of-package labels OT - Nutrition labels OT - Nutrition policy EDAT- 2021/09/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/17 06:00 CRDT- 2021/09/08 05:48 PHST- 2020/10/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/08 05:48 [entrez] AID - S2212-2672(21)01040-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jand.2021.07.014 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Acad Nutr Diet. 2022 Jan;122(1):38-48.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.07.014. Epub 2021 Sep 4. PMID- 34489794 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210908 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - Extrinsically Integrated Instructional Quizzes in Learning Games: An Educational Disaster or Not? PG - 678380 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.678380 [doi] LID - 678380 AB - Instructional quizzes are frequently used in educational games. When they present correct answers after learners have responded, these quizzes can be used on their own for teaching new factual and conceptual knowledge (no additional learning materials are needed). In games, these quizzes are often unrelated to gameplay: gameplay can be viewed as a reward for answering quiz questions. This has been criticized in game-based learning literature as a "chocolate-covered-broccoli" approach. However, is it really a bad approach? Theories offer conflicting predictions concerning the instructional efficiency of in-game quizzes relative to bare quizzes (i.e., not embedded in games) and empirical literature is lacking. Here, we present a within-subject design study (N = 69), in which 10-12-year-olds learn from both an in-game quiz and a bare quiz and undergo immediate and 2-3 weeks delayed post-test on the quiz questions. A modest difference in learning outcomes favoring the bare quiz was found in the immediate post-tests (d = 0.46), but not in the 2-3 weeks delayed post-tests (d = 0.09). Children enjoyed the game more than the bare quiz (d (z) = 0.65) and 59 preferred the game in the free-choice period. The findings suggest that both a bare quiz and a quiz within a game have their place at the table for useful educational interventions: the bare quiz should be preferred in schooling contexts; whereas, the game in leisure time situations as a voluntary activity. In the latter case, it should be considered how the game and the quiz are integrated. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Jicinska, Sedlackova, Kolek, Tetourova, Volna, Lukavsky and Brom. FAU - Jicinska, Lucie AU - Jicinska L AD - Faculty of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czechia. FAU - Sedlackova, Petra AU - Sedlackova P AD - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia. FAU - Kolek, Lukas AU - Kolek L AD - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia. FAU - Tetourova, Tereza AU - Tetourova T AD - Faculty of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czechia. AD - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia. FAU - Volna, Kristina AU - Volna K AD - Development and New Media (decko.cz and ctart.cz), Czech Television, Prague, Czechia. FAU - Lukavsky, Jiri AU - Lukavsky J AD - Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia. FAU - Brom, Cyril AU - Brom C AD - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210819 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC8417244 OTO - NOTNLM OT - educational games OT - experiment OT - extrinsic integration OT - game-based learning OT - instructional quiz OT - learning outcomes OT - multiple-choice OT - quiz COIS- KV declares a potential conflict of interest, as she was employed by Czech Television, which is a public institution engaged (also) in development of educational games. The remaining authors declare the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/09/08 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/08 06:01 PMCR- 2021/08/19 CRDT- 2021/09/07 07:43 PHST- 2021/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/09/07 07:43 [entrez] PHST- 2021/09/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/08 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.678380 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2021 Aug 19;12:678380. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.678380. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34444672 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210922 LR - 20210922 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 8 DP - 2021 Jul 23 TI - A Comparison of the Effects of Young-Child Formulas and Cow's Milk on Nutrient Intakes in Polish Children Aged 13-24 Months. LID - 10.3390/nu13082511 [doi] LID - 2511 AB - Adequately balanced daily food rations that provide the body with sufficient amounts of energy and nutrients, including minerals, are particularly important in early childhood when rapid physical, intellectual and motor development takes place. Cow's milk (CM) and young-child formulas (YCFs) are introduced to a child's diet past the first year of age. The main aim of the present study was to perform a qualitative and a quantitative analysis of daily food rations of young children based on the recommendations of the daily food ration model. An attempt was also made to determine whether the type of consumed milk (YCF or CM) adequately meets young children's energy demands and contributes to the incorporation of different food groups into a balanced and healthy diet for children aged 13-24 months. A total of 714 parents between October 2019 and March 2020 filled out a food frequency questionnaire. In the second stage of the study, the parents participated in a dietary recall and were asked to keep diaries of all meals and foods consumed by children over a period of three days. The mean daily intake of CM/YCF and fermented milks was determined at 360 mL +/- 128 mL, and it accounted for 55.4% of the guideline values. Flavored dairy products were consumed more frequently than fermented milks without added sugar or flavoring (94 +/- 17 g vs. 56 +/- 26 g, p < 0.05). Diets incorporating CM were significantly more abundant in protein than YCF diets (29.3 g vs. 21.9 g; p < 0.01). Liquid intake was somewhat higher in children fed YCFs (1280.8 mL vs. 1120.1; p < 0.05), mainly due to the higher consumption of fruit juice, nectars and sweetened hot beverages (246 +/- 35 mL in the YCF group vs. 201 +/- 56 mL in the CM group; p < 0.05). Children fed YCF consumed significantly larger amounts of sweetened beverages such as tea sweetened with sugar or honey, sweetened hot chocolate or instant teas (OR = 2.54; Cl: 1.32-3.26; p < 0.001), than children receiving CM. This group was also characterized by higher consumption of sweetened dairy products, mainly cream cheese desserts, fruit yogurt and yogurt with cereal (OR = 1.87; Cl: 1.36-2.54; p < 0.01), as well as a lower daily intake of plain fermented milks (OR = 0.56; Cl: 0.21-0.79; p < 0.001). The daily food intake and the quality of the diets administered to children aged 13-24 months were evaluated and compared with the model food ration. It was found that milk type influenced children's eating habits and preference for sweet-tasting foods. The study also demonstrated that Polish parents and caregivers only have limited knowledge of nutritional guidelines for toddlers. FAU - Kostecka, Malgorzata AU - Kostecka M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8113-7372 AD - Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Jackowska, Izabella AU - Jackowska I AD - Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland. FAU - Kostecka, Julianna AU - Kostecka J AD - Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 19, 20-093 Lublin, Poland. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210723 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Cattle MH - Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cultured Milk Products MH - *Diet, Healthy MH - *Eating MH - *Energy Intake MH - Feeding Behavior MH - *Food, Formulated MH - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Milk MH - Nutrition Policy MH - Nutritive Value MH - Poland MH - Sugar-Sweetened Beverages PMC - PMC8398400 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - cow's milk OT - food ration model OT - nutrient intake OT - young-child formula COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/08/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/23 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/23 CRDT- 2021/08/27 01:21 PHST- 2021/04/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/27 01:21 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu13082511 [pii] AID - nutrients-13-02511 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu13082511 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2021 Jul 23;13(8):2511. doi: 10.3390/nu13082511. PMID- 34387136 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220128 LR - 20220128 IS - 1097-9867 (Electronic) IS - 1083-7450 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 9 DP - 2021 Nov TI - Amoxicillin chewable tablets intended for pediatric use: formulation development, stability evaluation and taste assessment. PG - 978-988 LID - 10.1080/10837450.2021.1968431 [doi] AB - To cover the unpleasant taste of amoxicillin (250 mg), maize starch (baby food) and milk chocolate were co-formulated. The raw materials and the final formulations were characterized by means of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. To evaluate the taste masking two different groups of volunteers were used, according to the Ethical Research Committee of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The optimization of excipients' content in the tablet was determined by experimental design methodology (crossed D-optimal). Due to the matrix complexity, amoxicillin was extracted using liquid extraction and analyzed isocratically by HPLC. The developed chromatographic method was validated (%Recovery 98.7-101.3, %RSD = 1.3, LOD and LOQ 0.15 and 0.45 mug mL(-1) respectively) according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The physicochemical properties of the tablets were also examined demonstrating satisfactory quality characteristics (diameter: 15 mm, thickness: 6 mm, hardness <98 Newton, loss of mass <1.0%, disintegration time approximately 25min). Additionally, dissolution (%Recovery >90) and in vitro digestion tests (%Recovery >95) were carried out. Stability experiments indicated that amoxicillin is stable in the prepared formulations for at least one year (%Recovery <91). FAU - Synaridou, Maria S AU - Synaridou MS AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Monou, Paraskevi Kyriaki AU - Monou PK AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Zacharis, Constantinos K AU - Zacharis CK AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Fatouros, Dimitrios G AU - Fatouros DG AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Panderi, Irene AU - Panderi I AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Panepistimiopolis, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. FAU - Markopoulou, Catherine K AU - Markopoulou CK AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210820 PL - England TA - Pharm Dev Technol JT - Pharmaceutical development and technology JID - 9610932 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) RN - 0 (Excipients) RN - 0 (Tablets) RN - 804826J2HU (Amoxicillin) RN - Z0H242BBR1 (Aspartame) SB - IM MH - Administration, Oral MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Amoxicillin/administration & dosage/*chemical synthesis/pharmacokinetics MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage/*chemical synthesis/pharmacokinetics MH - Aspartame/administration & dosage/chemical synthesis/pharmacokinetics MH - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/*methods MH - Child MH - Chocolate MH - Drug Compounding/*methods MH - Drug Development/*methods MH - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods MH - Excipients/administration & dosage/chemical synthesis/pharmacokinetics MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Mastication/drug effects/physiology MH - Tablets MH - Taste/*drug effects/physiology MH - Young Adult MH - Zea mays OTO - NOTNLM OT - Amoxicillin OT - HPLC OT - chocolate formulation OT - experimental design OT - in vitro digestion EDAT- 2021/08/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/29 06:00 CRDT- 2021/08/13 08:39 PHST- 2021/08/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/13 08:39 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/10837450.2021.1968431 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pharm Dev Technol. 2021 Nov;26(9):978-988. doi: 10.1080/10837450.2021.1968431. Epub 2021 Aug 20. PMID- 34367626 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220105 LR - 20220121 IS - 2048-6790 (Electronic) IS - 2048-6790 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2021 TI - Food intake in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study from 2009/2010 to 2015/2016. PG - e51 LID - 10.1017/jns.2021.40 [doi] LID - e51 AB - The aim was to describe food intake over time in children and adolescents, with respect to age and gender. The present study was a repeated cross-sectional study using self-reported data from a health questionnaire. Data were collected from the School Health Services in south-east Sweden from 44 297 students, 10, 13-14 and 16 years of age, 48 % girls and 52 % boys from 2009/2010 to 2015/2016. Reported intakes for eight foods were analysed in relation to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations. Seventeen per cent of the students reported an intake in line with the recommendations for at least six of the eight foods fish, vegetables, fruit, mealtime beverages, juice/chocolate drinks, sugar-sweetened beverages, sweets/snacks and pastries. Intake of at least two fruits a day was the recommendation that was followed by the lowest proportion of students (30 %), and this result was stable over the study period. There was a gradual increase over time in the proportion of students who reported an intake in line with the recommendations. Younger students compared to older students, as well as girls compared to boys, reported intakes in line with the recommendations to a statistically significant larger extent. Few students reported intakes in line with the recommendations, although the quality of food intake seems to improve over time. The present results indicate a deterioration in reported food intake in the early years of adolescence. Finding methods to support all children and especially older adolescents to eat healthier, including eating more fruit, is of great importance to public health. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2021. FAU - Tell, Maria N AU - Tell MN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7786-7556 AD - Futurum, Region Jonkoping County, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Jonkoping, Sweden. FAU - Hedin, Katarina AU - Hedin K AD - Futurum, Region Jonkoping County, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Jonkoping, Sweden. AD - Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmo, Family Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. FAU - Nilsson, Mats AU - Nilsson M AD - Futurum, Region Jonkoping County, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Jonkoping, Sweden. FAU - Golsater, Marie AU - Golsater M AD - Futurum, Region Jonkoping County, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Jonkoping, Sweden. AD - Child Research Group, Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jonkoping University, Jonkoping, Sweden. FAU - Lingfors, Hans AU - Lingfors H AD - Futurum, Region Jonkoping County, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Jonkoping, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210715 PL - England TA - J Nutr Sci JT - Journal of nutritional science JID - 101590587 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Humans MH - Sweden PMC - PMC8327392 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Children OT - Eating habits OT - Food intake OT - IHME, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation OT - NNR, Nordic Nutrition Recommendations OT - SSBs, sugar-sweetened beverages OT - Time trend EDAT- 2021/08/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/06 06:00 PMCR- 2021/01/01 CRDT- 2021/08/09 06:35 PHST- 2020/12/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/09 06:35 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2048679021000409 [pii] AID - 10.1017/jns.2021.40 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Nutr Sci. 2021 Jul 15;10:e51. doi: 10.1017/jns.2021.40. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34207087 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210816 LR - 20210816 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Jun 18 TI - Caffeine Consumption in a Group of Adolescents from South East Poland-A Cross Sectional Study. LID - 10.3390/nu13062084 [doi] LID - 2084 AB - Caffeine is the most common psychoactive substance available to adults, as well as to children and adolescents. The safety of its use in younger age groups requires further research. The aim of this study was to evaluate caffeine intake, to identify products and drinks that are the main sources of caffeine intake in the diet of the subjects and the risk of excessive caffeine intake with the diet of adolescents, stratified by gender. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 508 adolescents aged 16-18 years from southern Poland. Black tea, cola-based soft drinks and milk chocolate were the most frequently consumed products containing caffeine in the diet of the examined persons. The average caffeine intake was 95.54 mg/day (1.54 mg/kg b.w.). In 12.2% of the subjects the dose of 3 mg/kg b.w./day was exceeded, and in over 41.3% the dose causing sleep disorders was exceeded. The dose causing anxiety was also exceeded in 18.1% of the respondents, significantly more often in girls than boys (p = 0.0487). FAU - Blaszczyk-Bebenek, Ewa AU - Blaszczyk-Bebenek E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0010-9009 AD - Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Jagielski, Pawel AU - Jagielski P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7583-8965 AD - Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Schlegel-Zawadzka, Malgorzata AU - Schlegel-Zawadzka M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2958-4658 AD - Collegium Masoviense High School of Health Sciences, 96-300 Zyrardow, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210618 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Coffee) RN - 0 (Tea) RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Beverages/analysis MH - Caffeine/*analysis MH - Carbonated Beverages/analysis MH - *Coffee MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet MH - *Eating MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Men MH - Poland MH - Risk Assessment MH - Tea/anatomy & histology MH - Women PMC - PMC8234391 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - caffeine OT - caffeine intake OT - risk assessment OT - sources of caffeine COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/07/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/17 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/18 CRDT- 2021/07/02 01:30 PHST- 2021/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/06/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/02 01:30 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu13062084 [pii] AID - nutrients-13-02084 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu13062084 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2021 Jun 18;13(6):2084. doi: 10.3390/nu13062084. PMID- 34204253 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210726 LR - 20240402 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 12 DP - 2021 Jun 17 TI - Caries Prevalence Associated with Oral Health-Related Behaviors among Romanian Schoolchildren. LID - 10.3390/ijerph18126515 [doi] LID - 6515 AB - Oral health-related behaviors and living conditions play an important role in general and oral health. This study aimed to evaluate caries prevalence and severity in schoolchildren residing in rural and urban areas of Romania, and to correlate these with oral health-related behaviors. An estimation of the required sample size was conducted (sampling error of +/-3% at a 95% confidence level), followed by the stratification of administrative units and then the selection of 49 schools. The Hurdle approach was used to analyze the dataset, requiring two sets of analyses for each outcome variable: a multilevel binary model to predict prevalence, and a multilevel Poisson analysis using only non-zero values. The mean and standard deviation (SD) for the dentinal caries index was 4.96 (5.33). Girls were more likely to have non-zero restoration codes (beta = 0.14, SE = 0.08, p < 0.05). Low education levels of each parent were associated with an increased likelihood of having non-zero carious tooth surfaces (beta = 0.23, SE = 0.06, p = 0.01; beta = 0.22, SE = 0.06, p < 0.01). The presence of cavities was predicted by the consumption of carbonated soft drinks (beta = 0.19, SE = 0.07, p < 0.01), candies (beta = 0.13, SE = 0.06, p < 0.01), sweetened milk (beta = 0.12, SE = 0.06, p < 0.05), tea (beta = 0.16, SE = 0.08, p < 0.05), or cocoa (beta = 0.13, SE = 0.06, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the non-zero values of the dentinal caries index were more likely in rural schools (beta = -0.37, SE = 0.11, p < 0.01), and a negative association between the county development index and the fillings/restorations index (beta = -0.01, SE = 0.01, p < 0.05) was also established. The outcome of this research highlights that the presence of caries (dentinal caries index) in Romanian schoolchildren is influenced by their socioeconomic background, as well as their specific consumption behaviors. FAU - Sava-Rosianu, Ruxandra AU - Sava-Rosianu R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0244-2609 AD - Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300040 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Campus, Guglielmo AU - Campus G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8573-485X AD - Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. AD - Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 3/c, 07100 Sassari, Italy. FAU - Matichescu, Anamaria AU - Matichescu A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5247-9821 AD - Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300040 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Balean, Octavia AU - Balean O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9946-2517 AD - Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300040 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Dumitrache, Mihaela Adina AU - Dumitrache MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2379-8708 AD - Oral Health and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, UMP "Carol Davila", 020021 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Lucaciu, Patricia Ondine AU - Lucaciu PO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0092-8955 AD - Department of Oral Health, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. FAU - Daguci, Luminita AU - Daguci L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4327-2738 AD - Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200585 Craiova, Romania. FAU - Barlean, Magda Calina AU - Barlean MC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1245-964X AD - Department of Oro-Dental Diagnosis and Geriatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania. FAU - Maricutoiu, Laurentiu AU - Maricutoiu L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8358-3130 AD - Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Postolache, Mariana AU - Postolache M AD - Department of Program Implementation and Coordination, Romanian Ministry of Health, 010024 Bucharest, Romania. FAU - Dumitrescu, Ramona AU - Dumitrescu R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5882-4200 AD - Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300040 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Jumanca, Daniela AU - Jumanca D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2705-5020 AD - Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300040 Timisoara, Romania. FAU - Galuscan, Atena AU - Galuscan A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6046-2336 AD - Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300040 Timisoara, Romania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210617 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - DMF Index MH - *Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - *Dental Caries Susceptibility MH - Female MH - Health Behavior MH - Humans MH - Oral Health MH - Prevalence MH - Romania/epidemiology PMC - PMC8296518 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavior OT - children OT - dental caries OT - oral health OT - prevalence OT - severity COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/07/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/27 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/17 CRDT- 2021/07/02 01:20 PHST- 2021/06/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/06/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/06/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/02 01:20 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph18126515 [pii] AID - ijerph-18-06515 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph18126515 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 17;18(12):6515. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18126515. PMID- 34195121 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220424 IS - 2249-4863 (Print) IS - 2278-7135 (Electronic) IS - 2249-4863 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 5 DP - 2021 May TI - Prevalence and contributing factors for adolescent obesity in present era: Cross-sectional Study. PG - 1890-1894 LID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1524_20 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Adolescent obesity is a very common issue in our culture. Recent studies have shown that this is a form of global burden that may predispose factors in advanced life for many other diseases. Adolescents are a positive force for a country, responsible for their future prosperity and also for their nations. OBJECTIVES: The main objective of the study was to identify the prevalence of obesity among adolescents and its diverse contributing factors. METHODS: The analysis was a cross-sectional sample method and was carried out using a sampling methodology which was not possible. Through using standardized questionnaires and using validated and calibrated heighometers and weighting devices, data was obtained from 385 participants. Body mass index (BMI) scale of the World Health Organization (WHO) has been used to create a category for obesity. BMI values greater than + 1 SD fall in the range of overweight, and levels of obese greater than + 2 SD. RESULTS: It was found that 6.8% of adolescents were obese and that about 17.1% were overweight. Remaining 53.8% percent had normal category of BMI and 22.3 percent were category of underweight. A significant association of gender, socioeconomic status, dietary habits, chocolate eating habits, mode of transportation to school, sports participants, physical activity, and screen time. Adolescents who were athletic enthusiasts and those who did physical activity had a good BMI. The teens who watched more than 2 h of screen time were more obese, and these were only a few reasons that were responsible for teenage obesity. CONCLUSION: Health care practitioners and policy makers need to be aware of the prevalence and contributing factor to teenage obesity. Adolescents will embrace practices such as healthy eating habits, avoiding smoking and physical inactivity. This obesity may increase their risk of developing chronic illnesses in adulthood and later life stage. CI - Copyright: (c) 2021 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. FAU - Seema, S AU - Seema S AD - Senior Nursing Officer, All India Institute of Medical Science, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. FAU - Rohilla, Kusum K AU - Rohilla KK AD - PhD Scholar, All India Institute of Medical Science, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. FAU - Kalyani, Vasantha C AU - Kalyani VC AD - Principal, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Science, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. FAU - Babbar, Prerna AU - Babbar P AD - Deputy Medical Superintendent, All India Institute of Medical Science, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210531 PL - India TA - J Family Med Prim Care JT - Journal of family medicine and primary care JID - 101610082 PMC - PMC8208200 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - adolescent obesity OT - contributing factors for obesity OT - factors for adolescent overweight or obesity OT - obesity OT - overweight COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2021/07/02 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/02 06:01 PMCR- 2021/05/01 CRDT- 2021/07/01 07:02 PHST- 2020/07/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/09/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/09/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/01 07:02 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/02 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JFMPC-10-1890 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1524_20 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 May;10(5):1890-1894. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1524_20. Epub 2021 May 31. PMID- 34180382 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220427 LR - 20220531 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) VI - 127 IP - 10 DP - 2022 May 28 TI - Breakfast patterns and weight status among adolescents: a study on the Brazilian National Dietary Survey 2008-2009. PG - 1549-1556 LID - 10.1017/S0007114521002403 [doi] AB - Examining the composition of breakfast concerning weight status is essential for evaluating adolescent health and understanding this gap. This study aimed to identify breakfast patterns and investigate the relationship with weight status among Brazilian adolescents. We used a subsample of 7425 adolescents aged 10-19 years from the 2008-2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. Breakfast eaters were those with intake of at least 50 kcal (209.2 kJ) between 05.00 and 10.00 hours. Breakfast dietary patterns were derived by principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation. We performed logistic regression analyses between breakfast patterns and weight status, considering the complexity of the survey sample design. Three breakfast patterns were identified explaining 44.8 % of data variability: (1) the Cereal, protein, fruit beverages and Northern/Northeastern pattern, characterised by high consumption of cookies, meats, dairy products, preparations with maize, eggs, fruit juices/fruit drinks/soya-based drinks, tubers/roots/potatoes and cereals, and negative adherence to cold cut meat and savoury snacks/crackers; (2) the Protein-based pattern, characterised by positive loadings for cold cut meat, milk and cheese, and negative for cookies, fruit juices/fruit drinks/soya-based drinks, tubers/roots/potatoes and cereals; and (3) the Mixed pattern, with positive loadings for cakes, coffee/tea, bread, fruit juices/fruit drinks/soya-based drinks, chocolate/desserts and savoury snacks/crackers. No association was found between skipping and weight status. Overweight adolescents had lower adherence to the Cereal, protein, fruit beverages and Northern/Northeastern pattern (OR = 0.67; 95 % CI 0.47, 0.96). This is the first study to address dietary patterns at the meal level with adolescent population-based data, which requires further investigation. FAU - Hassan, Bruna Kulik AU - Hassan BK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5484-4880 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Collective Health, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Cunha, Diana Barbosa AU - Cunha DB AD - Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Santos, Roberta de Oliveira AU - Santos RO AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Baltar, Valeria Troncoso AU - Baltar VT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8152-8565 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Collective Health, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210628 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 RN - 0 (Fruit Proteins) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Brazil MH - *Breakfast MH - Diet MH - Edible Grain MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Fruit Proteins MH - Humans OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - BMI OT - Breakfast OT - Dietary pattern OT - Population-based EDAT- 2021/06/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/28 06:00 CRDT- 2021/06/28 08:50 PHST- 2021/06/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/28 08:50 [entrez] AID - S0007114521002403 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114521002403 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Nutr. 2022 May 28;127(10):1549-1556. doi: 10.1017/S0007114521002403. Epub 2021 Jun 28. PMID- 34129214 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211213 LR - 20231108 IS - 1920-7476 (Electronic) IS - 0008-4263 (Print) IS - 0008-4263 (Linking) VI - 112 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Dec TI - Children's measured exposure to food and beverage advertising on television in Toronto (Canada), May 2011-May 2019. PG - 1008-1019 LID - 10.17269/s41997-021-00528-1 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Exposure to unhealthy food advertising is a known determinant of children's poor dietary behaviours. The purpose of this study was to quantify and characterize Canadian children's exposure to food advertising on broadcast television and examine trends over time. METHODS: Objectively measured advertising exposure data for 19 food categories airing on 30 stations broadcast in Toronto were licenced for May 2011 and May 2019. Using ad ratings data, the average number of food advertisements viewed by children aged 2-11 years, overall, by food category and by type of television station (child-appealing, adolescent-appealing and generalist stations), was estimated per time period. RESULTS: In May 2019, children viewed an average of 136 food advertisements on television, 20% fewer than in May 2011. More than half of advertisements viewed in May 2019 promoted unhealthy food categories such as fast food (43% of exposure), candy (6%), chocolate (6%) and regular soft drinks (5%) and only 17% of their total exposure occurred on child-appealing stations. Between May 2011 and May 2019, children's exposure increased the most, in absolute terms, for savory snack foods (+7.2 ad exposures/child), fast food (+5.4) and regular soft drinks (+5.3) with most of these increases occurring on generalist stations. CONCLUSION: Canadian children are still exposed to advertisements promoting unhealthy food categories on television despite voluntary restrictions adopted by some food companies. Statutory restrictions should be adopted and designed such that children are effectively protected from unhealthy food advertising on both stations intended for general audiences and those appealing to younger audiences. CI - (c) 2021. The Author(s). FAU - Pauze, Elise AU - Pauze E AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, Ontario, K1G 5Z3, Canada. AD - Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Potvin Kent, Monique AU - Potvin Kent M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, Ontario, K1G 5Z3, Canada. monique.potvinkent@uottawa.ca. LA - eng GR - CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210615 PL - Switzerland TA - Can J Public Health JT - Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique JID - 0372714 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Advertising MH - Beverages MH - Canada MH - Fast Foods MH - Food MH - *Food Industry MH - Humans MH - Television PMC - PMC8651920 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Food advertising OT - Prevention OT - Public policy COIS- In 2018, Elise Pauze received a small honorarium from the Stop Marketing to Kids Coalition, a coalition of leading health organizations, for reviewing policy recommendations and supporting evidence. In 2020, she was also employed by Health Canada, on a casual basis, to conduct research on food marketing in Canada. EDAT- 2021/06/16 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/15 CRDT- 2021/06/15 13:42 PHST- 2020/11/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/15 13:42 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.17269/s41997-021-00528-1 [pii] AID - 528 [pii] AID - 10.17269/s41997-021-00528-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Can J Public Health. 2021 Dec;112(6):1008-1019. doi: 10.17269/s41997-021-00528-1. Epub 2021 Jun 15. PMID- 34105593 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210610 LR - 20210610 IS - 1980-5497 (Electronic) IS - 1415-790X (Linking) VI - 24 DP - 2021 TI - The COVID-19 pandemic and changes in the lifestyles of Brazilian adolescents. PG - e210012 LID - S1415-790X2021000100203 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1980-549720210012 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To analyze changes in the lifestyles of Brazilian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with adolescents who participated in the survey "ConVid Adolescentes - Pesquisa de Comportamentos". The indicators related to lifestyles before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were evaluated: consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods, physical activity and sedentary behavior, smoking and consumption of alcohol. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the total population and according to sex and age group. RESULTS: A total of 9,470 adolescents participated in the study. During the period of social distancing, there was an increase in the prevalence of vegetables consumption (from 27.34 to 30.5%), frozen foods (from 13.26 to 17.3%), chocolates and sweets (from 48.58 to 52.51%), and time in front of screens (from 44.57 to 70.15%). On the other hand, there was a decrease in the practice of physical activity (from 28.70 to 15.74%) and in the consumption of alcohol (from 17.72 to 12.77%). Differences were observed according to sex and age group. CONCLUSION: The results show changes in the lifestyle of adolescents and an increase in health risk behaviors. FAU - Malta, Deborah Carvalho AU - Malta DC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8214-5734 AD - Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. AD - Postgraduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. FAU - Gomes, Crizian Saar AU - Gomes CS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6586-4561 AD - Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. FAU - Barros, Marilisa Berti de Azevedo AU - Barros MBA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3974-195X AD - School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Campinas (SP), Brazil. FAU - Lima, Margareth Guimaraes AU - Lima MG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6996-0745 AD - School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Campinas (SP), Brazil. FAU - Silva, Alanna Gomes da AU - Silva AGD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2587-5658 AD - Postgraduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. FAU - Cardoso, Lais Santos de Magalhaes AU - Cardoso LSM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1114-5470 AD - Postgraduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. FAU - Werneck, Andre Oliveira AU - Werneck AO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9166-4376 AD - School of Public Health, Universidade de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil. FAU - Silva, Danilo Rodrigues Pereira da AU - Silva DRPD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3995-4795 AD - Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - Sao Cristovao (SE), Brazil. FAU - Ferreira, Arthur Pate de Souza AU - Ferreira APS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6686-0105 AD - Institute of Communication and Scientific and Technological Information in Health, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Romero, Dalia Elena AU - Romero DE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2643-9797 AD - Institute of Communication and Scientific and Technological Information in Health, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Freitas, Maria Imaculada de Fatima AU - Freitas MIF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0273-9066 AD - School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Campinas (SP), Brazil. FAU - Machado, Isis Eloah AU - Machado IE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4678-2074 AD - School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - Ouro Preto (MG), Brazil. FAU - Souza Junior, Paulo Roberto Borges de AU - Souza Junior PRB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8142-4790 AD - Institute of Communication and Scientific and Technological Information in Health, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Damacena, Giseli Nogueira AU - Damacena GN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7059-3353 AD - Institute of Communication and Scientific and Technological Information in Health, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Azevedo, Luiz Otavio AU - Azevedo LO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4876-5948 AD - Institute of Communication and Scientific and Technological Information in Health, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Almeida, Wanessa da Silva de AU - Almeida WDS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5164-8603 AD - Institute of Communication and Scientific and Technological Information in Health, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. FAU - Szwarcwald, Celia Landmann AU - Szwarcwald CL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7798-2095 AD - Institute of Communication and Scientific and Technological Information in Health, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. LA - eng LA - por PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210607 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Bras Epidemiol JT - Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology JID - 100954576 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - *COVID-19 MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Life Style MH - *Pandemics MH - SARS-CoV-2 EDAT- 2021/06/10 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/11 06:00 CRDT- 2021/06/09 08:49 PHST- 2021/01/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/09 08:49 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/11 06:00 [medline] AID - S1415-790X2021000100203 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1980-549720210012 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2021 Jun 7;24:e210012. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720210012. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34096063 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210705 LR - 20210705 IS - 1750-3841 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1147 (Linking) VI - 86 IP - 6 DP - 2021 Jun TI - Acceptance of oat-based beverages tailored for patients with cancer. PG - 2671-2683 LID - 10.1111/1750-3841.15776 [doi] AB - Oat-based beverages are a nutritious product with the potential to support increased nutrient intake of patients with cancer. The aim of this research was to evaluate the sensory acceptance of oat-based beverages and perceptions of oats among patients with cancer as future vehicles for nutrient delivery. In study 1, three flavors of oat-beverages were well accepted without significant difference in liking among flavors or serving temperature, or between patients with cancer and healthy participants. Patients with cancer more frequently rated the beverages as too sweet compared to healthy participants; flavor intensity was just about right for all participants. In the second study, one of two formulations fortified with protein and fish oil was not different in liking compared to the unfortified chocolate product. Patients associated oat food products with specific oat-based food products and oat health benefits in a free-word association task in the third study. Together, sensory acceptance and the perceived health benefits of oats indicate the potential for oats to be incorporated in fortified and unfortified products tailored for patients with cancer. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The three studies presented here to assess the sensory acceptance of oat-based beverages and perceptions of oats among patients with cancer demonstrate that oats can be incorporated in fortified and unfortified products tailored for patients with cancer. Inadequate nutrition is highly prevalent among oncology patients and there is a lack of available products targeted to improve their nutritional intake. These findings can support product developers and sensory scientists in the development and evaluation of food products acceptable to this population. CI - (c) 2021 Institute of Food Technologists(R). FAU - Enriquez Fernandez, Blanca E AU - Enriquez Fernandez BE AD - Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Klassen, Pamela AU - Klassen P AD - Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Mazurak, Vera AU - Mazurak V AD - Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Chen, Lingyun AU - Chen L AD - Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Prado, Carla M AU - Prado CM AD - Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. FAU - Wismer, Wendy V AU - Wismer WV AD - Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210606 PL - United States TA - J Food Sci JT - Journal of food science JID - 0014052 RN - 0 (Flavoring Agents) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Avena/*chemistry MH - Beverages/*analysis MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Energy Intake MH - Female MH - Flavoring Agents/analysis MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Malnutrition/*diet therapy/etiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasms/*complications MH - Taste/*physiology MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - cancer OT - consumer acceptance OT - fortified foods OT - free-word association OT - oats OT - product development EDAT- 2021/06/08 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/06 06:00 CRDT- 2021/06/07 06:22 PHST- 2021/03/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/10/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/06/07 06:22 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/1750-3841.15776 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Food Sci. 2021 Jun;86(6):2671-2683. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.15776. Epub 2021 Jun 6. PMID- 34071307 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210823 LR - 20210823 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 6 DP - 2021 May 28 TI - Low- and No-Calorie Sweetener (LNCS) Consumption Patterns Amongst the Spanish Adult Population. LID - 10.3390/nu13061845 [doi] LID - 1845 AB - Low- and no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS) are a group of food additives characterized by their high sweetness intensity and virtually zero caloric content, attributes that make them potential substitutes for added sugars in processed foods and beverages. However, there is currently scarce information available about both the different LNCS used in food products available in Spain and their consumption patterns. Prompted by these reasons, the aim of this research work was to identify the presence and consumption of LNCS in food and beverages consumed by a representative sample of the Spanish adult population (n = 507). For this purpose, a Food Frequency Questionnaire was carried out. Overall, it was found that 4.5% of the foods and 22.3% of the beverages consumed by the surveyed population contained LNCS. The food groups that presented the highest percentage of daily servings containing LNCS were non-alcoholic beverages such as soft drinks and juices (36.1%); sugars and sweets such as chocolates, candies, or chewing gum (14.2%); milk and dairy products (7.0%); meat and derivative products (5.1%); cereals and derivatives (4.3%); appetizers (1.7%); and, finally, sauces and condiments such as ketchup or mustard (1.0%). The main LNCS consumed were acesulfame-K, sucralose, sorbitol, aspartame, and cyclamate, although their prevalence of use differs greatly among foods, beverages, or tabletop sweeteners. Our results show the great diversity of food groups that are currently including these compounds as ingredients. Consequently, there is a need for these food additives to be included in food composition databases, which should be regularly updated to include LNCS in order to facilitate their assessment and monitoring in dietary nutritional surveys. FAU - Redruello-Requejo, Marina AU - Redruello-Requejo M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9193-392X AD - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for Life)", ref: E02/0720, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Maria AU - Gonzalez-Rodriguez M AD - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for Life)", ref: E02/0720, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Samaniego-Vaesken, M feminine de Lourdes AU - Samaniego-Vaesken M feminineDL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7323-4420 AD - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for Life)", ref: E02/0720, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Montero-Bravo, Ana AU - Montero-Bravo A AD - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for Life)", ref: E02/0720, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Partearroyo, Teresa AU - Partearroyo T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4401-1233 AD - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for Life)", ref: E02/0720, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio AU - Varela-Moreiras G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5158-4999 AD - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanizacion Monteprincipe, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. AD - Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia "Nutricion para la vida (Nutrition for Life)", ref: E02/0720, Alcorcon, 28925 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng GR - MCOCACO3/Coca-Cola/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210528 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Sweetening Agents) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Diet/*statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Spain/epidemiology MH - Sweetening Agents/*analysis MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC8230335 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Spain OT - added sugars OT - beverages OT - dietary patterns OT - food additives OT - foods OT - low- and no-calorie sweeteners COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/24 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/28 CRDT- 2021/06/02 01:31 PHST- 2021/04/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/02 01:31 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu13061845 [pii] AID - nutrients-13-01845 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu13061845 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2021 May 28;13(6):1845. doi: 10.3390/nu13061845. PMID- 34054657 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210601 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - Exploring Strategies to Optimise the Impact of Food-Specific Inhibition Training on Children's Food Choices. PG - 653610 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.653610 [doi] LID - 653610 AB - Food-specific inhibition training (FSIT) is a computerised task requiring response inhibition to energy-dense foods within a reaction-time game. Previous work indicates that FSIT can increase the number of healthy foods (relative to energy-dense foods) children choose, and decrease calories consumed from sweets and chocolate. Across two studies, we explored the impact of FSIT variations (e.g., different response signals, different delivery modes) on children's food choices within a time-limited hypothetical food-choice task. In Study 1, we varied the FSIT Go/No-Go signals to be emotive (happy vs. sad faces) or neutral (green vs. red signs). One-hundred-and-fifty-seven children were randomly allocated to emotive-FSIT, neutral-FSIT, or a non-food control task. Children participated in groups of 4-15. No significant FSIT effects were observed on food choices (all values of p > 0.160). Healthy-food choices decreased over time regardless of condition (p < 0.050). The non-significant effects could be explained by lower accuracy on energy-dense No-Go trials than in previous studies, possibly due to distraction in the group-testing environment. In Study 2, we compared computer-based FSIT (using emotive signals) and app-based FSIT (using neutral signals) against a non-food control with a different sample of 206 children, but this time children worked one-on-one with the experimenter. Children's accuracy on energy-dense No-Go trials was higher in this study. Children in the FSIT-computer group chose significantly more healthy foods at post-training (M = 2.78, SE = 0.16) compared to the control group (M = 2.02, SE = 0.16, p = 0.001). The FSIT-app group did not differ from either of the other two groups (M = 2.42, SE = 0.16, both comparisons p > 0.050). Healthy choices decreased over time in the control group (p = 0.001) but did not change in the two FSIT groups (both p > 0.300) supporting previous evidence that FSIT may have a beneficial effect on children's food choices. Ensuring that children perform FSIT with high accuracy (e.g., by using FSIT in quiet environments and avoiding group-testing) may be important for impacts on food choices though. Future research should continue to explore methods of optimising FSIT as a healthy-eating intervention for children. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Porter, Gillison, Wright, Verbruggen and Lawrence. FAU - Porter, Lucy AU - Porter L AD - School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. FAU - Gillison, Fiona B AU - Gillison FB AD - Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom. FAU - Wright, Kim A AU - Wright KA AD - School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. FAU - Verbruggen, Frederick AU - Verbruggen F AD - Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Lawrence, Natalia S AU - Lawrence NS AD - School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210513 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC8161504 OTO - NOTNLM OT - behavior change OT - childhood obesity OT - digital interventions OT - food choice OT - inhibitory control training OT - response inhibition COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/06/01 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/01 06:01 PMCR- 2021/05/13 CRDT- 2021/05/31 06:07 PHST- 2021/01/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/31 06:07 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/01 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.653610 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2021 May 13;12:653610. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.653610. eCollection 2021. PMID- 34031710 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211109 LR - 20261010 IS - 1436-6215 (Electronic) IS - 1436-6207 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 8 DP - 2021 Dec TI - Dietary patterns are associated with central adiposity and carotid intima-media thickness in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease. PG - 4295-4306 LID - 10.1007/s00394-021-02586-0 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Unhealthy dietary patterns (DP) in childhood are associated with cardiovascular disease in adulthood. DP in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) are unknown. The aims of this study were to describe DPs of children and adolescents with CHD and to evaluate their associations with central adiposity, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). METHODS: A cross-sectional study including 232 children and adolescents with CHD. Dietary data were based on three 24-h dietary recalls. Central adiposity was evaluated by waist circumference. hs-CRPs were determined by nephelometry. The cIMT was measured using ultrasound. DPs were identified using principal component analysis. Data were examined using logistic and linear regressions. RESULTS: Six DPs were identified. In multivariable-adjusted analysis, unhealthy DP (high intake of poultry, red meat, cold cuts and processed meats, soft drinks and sweetened beverages) and healthy DP (high intake of fish, eggs, bread, beans, tubers and roots, fruit and fruit juice) were associated with increased and decreased odds of central adiposity, respectively (Odds ratio (OR): 2.10; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.09; 4.02; OR: 0.48 95% CI 0.24; 0.93). Besides, low-fat dairy DP (high intake of low-fat milk and dairy, mixed dishes, ultra-processed breads, candy and chocolate) was inversely associated with cIMT (beta: - 0.024; 95% CI - 0.04; - 0.01). CONCLUSION: Unhealthy DP seems to increase the risk of central adiposity, while the healthy DP seems to decrease the risk of central adiposity. Still, low-fat dairy DP was inversely associated with cIMT. These findings may be helpful to develop nutrition recommendations for early cardiovascular disease prevention in children and adolescents with CHD. CI - (c) 2021. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Honicky, Michele AU - Honicky M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6460-0572 AD - Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. FAU - Souza, Juliana Nicolodi AU - Souza JN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8094-3310 AD - Undergraduate Nutrition Course, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. FAU - Cardoso, Silvia Meyer AU - Cardoso SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2773-0815 AD - Hospital Universitario Polydoro Ernanni de Sao Tiago da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. AD - Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. FAU - de Carlos Back, Isabela AU - de Carlos Back I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4056-9528 AD - Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. FAU - Vieira, Francilene Gracieli Kunradi AU - Vieira FGK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4211-9133 AD - Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. AD - Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. FAU - de Fragas Hinnig, Patricia AU - de Fragas Hinnig P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9348-8513 AD - Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. AD - Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. FAU - Moreno, Yara Maria Franco AU - Moreno YMF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4983-2911 AD - Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. yara.moreno@ufsc.br. AD - Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. yara.moreno@ufsc.br. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210524 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Nutr JT - European journal of nutrition JID - 100888704 SB - IM MH - Adiposity MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Carotid Intima-Media Thickness MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Obesity MH - Risk Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Atherosclerosis OT - Cardiovascular disease risk factors OT - Congenital heart disease OT - Dietary patterns OT - Principal component analysis EDAT- 2021/05/26 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/10 06:00 CRDT- 2021/05/25 06:46 PHST- 2020/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/05/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/25 06:46 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00394-021-02586-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00394-021-02586-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Nutr. 2021 Dec;60(8):4295-4306. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02586-0. Epub 2021 May 24. PMID- 33967484 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220422 IS - 0973-029X (Print) IS - 1998-393X (Electronic) IS - 0973-029X (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 3 DP - 2020 Sep-Dec TI - Effect of chewing Azadirachta indica (neem) and Ocimum sanctum (tulsi) leaves on salivary acidogenicity: A comparative study. PG - 479-483 LID - 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_345_19 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Dental caries is an infectious disease affecting majority of children in the modern world. An acidogenic diet brings down plaque pH, leading to dental caries. However, certain foods bring about rapid reversal of plaque pH after an acidogenic challenge. Azadirachta indica and Ocimum sanctum leaves which are anticariogenic show promise in this regard. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary pH reversal phenomenon by chewing A. indica and O. sanctum leaves after an acidogenic challenge. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty caries-free children were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The resting salivary pH and salivary pH after eating chocolate was measured using a pH meter at time intervals of 5, 30 and 60 min. The children were then instructed to chew A. indica and O. sanctum leaves after chocolate consumption, and salivary pH was again measured at 5, 30 and 60 min. The change in salivary pH was assessed. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The data obtained were analyzed using Student's t-test (two tailed, dependent) to find the significance of the study parameters. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Chewing A. indica and O. sanctum leaves after chocolate consumption increased salivary pH to statistically significant values at 5, 30 and 60 min. CONCLUSION: The observations of the study show that chewing of A. indica and O. sanctum leaves reversed the drop in salivary pH levels after an acidogenic challenge. CI - Copyright: (c) 2021 Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. FAU - Murthy, Gargi S AU - Murthy GS AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dayanandasagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, India. FAU - Murthy, S Srinivasa AU - Murthy SS AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dayanandasagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, India. FAU - Kavitha, M AU - Kavitha M AD - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dayanandasagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210109 PL - India TA - J Oral Maxillofac Pathol JT - Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP JID - 101227995 PMC - PMC8083448 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Azadirachta Indica OT - Ocimum sanctum OT - dental caries OT - salivary pH COIS- There are no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2021/05/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/11 06:01 PMCR- 2020/09/01 CRDT- 2021/05/10 06:17 PHST- 2019/12/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/09/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/10/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/10 06:17 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/11 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JOMFP-24-479 [pii] AID - 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_345_19 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2020 Sep-Dec;24(3):479-483. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_345_19. Epub 2021 Jan 9. PMID- 33960015 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211020 LR - 20211020 IS - 1399-3038 (Electronic) IS - 0905-6157 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 7 DP - 2021 Oct TI - Effect of early-life antibiotic exposure and IL-13 polymorphism on atopic dermatitis phenotype. PG - 1445-1454 LID - 10.1111/pai.13531 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Although atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with certain gene variants, the rapidly increasing incidence of AD suggests that environmental factors contribute to disease development. In this study, we investigated the association of AD incidence and phenotype with antibiotic exposure within 6 months of age, considering the dose administered and genetic risk. METHODS: This study included 1637 children from the COCOA cohort. Pediatric allergists assessed the presence of AD at each visit and obtained information about antibiotic exposure for more than 3 days. IL-13 (rs20541) polymorphism was genotyped by the TaqMan method. We stratified the AD phenotypes into four groups and used multinomial logistic regression models for analysis. RESULTS: Antibiotic exposure within 6 months of age was found to increase the risk of AD within 3 years of life (aOR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.09-1.81) in dose-dependent manner. Antibiotic exposure more than twice increased the risk of the early-persistent AD phenotype (aOR = 2.50; 95% CI, 1.35-4.63). There was a weak interaction between genetic polymorphisms and environmental factors on the development of AD (p for interaction = 0.06). Children with the IL-13 (rs20541) GA + AA genotype have a higher risk of the early-persistent AD phenotype when exposed to antibiotics more than twice than those with the IL-13 (rs20541) GG genotype and without exposure to antibiotics (aOR = 4.73; 95% CI, 2.01-11.14). CONCLUSION: Antibiotic exposure within 6 months was related to the incidence of early-persistent AD and a dose-dependent increase in the incidence of AD in childhood, whose effect was modified by the IL-13 (rs20541) genotype. CI - (c) 2021 European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Park, Min Jee AU - Park MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0891-1311 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Si Hyeon AU - Lee SH AD - Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kang, Mi-Jin AU - Kang MJ AD - Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Song, Kun Baek AU - Song KB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Jung, Sungsu AU - Jung S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea. FAU - Yoon, Ji-Sun AU - Yoon JS AD - Department of Pediatrics, Incheon Sejong Hospital, Incheon, South Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7817-8728 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3227-5511 AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4529-6135 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0618-3947 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1409-2113 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210521 PL - England TA - Pediatr Allergy Immunol JT - Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology JID - 9106718 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) RN - 0 (Interleukin-13) SB - IM MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy/epidemiology/genetics MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Humans MH - *Interleukin-13/genetics MH - Phenotype MH - Polymorphism, Genetic OTO - NOTNLM OT - interleukin-13 OT - antibacterial agents OT - atopic OT - dermatitis OT - phenotype OT - polymorphism EDAT- 2021/05/08 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/21 06:00 CRDT- 2021/05/07 07:32 PHST- 2021/04/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/12/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/07 07:32 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/pai.13531 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021 Oct;32(7):1445-1454. doi: 10.1111/pai.13531. Epub 2021 May 21. PMID- 33929111 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210819 LR - 20210819 IS - 2791-6421 (Electronic) IS - 0041-4301 (Linking) VI - 63 IP - 2 DP - 2021 TI - Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteremia outbreaks among non-cystic fibrosis patients in the pediatric unit of a university hospital. PG - 218-222 LID - 2279 [pii] LID - 10.24953/turkjped.2021.02.005 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) comprises multi-drug resistant, Gram-negative, motile, and aerobic bacteria. Bcc causes severe nosocomial infections particularly in patients with intravascular catheters and in those with cystic fibrosis. We studied a Bcc outbreak in non-cystic fibrosis patients. METHODS: We analyzed data from six patients hospitalized at our center. Blood cultures identified as infectious were incubated onto 5% blood sheep agar, chocolate agar, and eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar. We examined possible sites that could be sources of infection at the clinic. We confirmed isolations with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) tests. RESULTS: The first patient was hospitalized due to left renal agenesis, urinary tract infection, and renal failure. Bcc was isolated in blood cultures obtained due to high fever on the third day of hospitalization. We stopped new patient hospitalizations after detecting Bcc in blood cultures of other five patients. We did not detect further positive specimens obtained from other clinic and the patient rooms. PFGE patterns were similar in all clinical isolates of Bcc indicating that the outbreak had originated from the source. CONCLUSIONS: Bcc infection should be considered in cases of nosocomial outbreaks of multi-drug resistant organisms that require hospitalization at intensive care units. Control measures should be taken for prevention of nosocomial infections and required investigations should be done to detect the source of infection. FAU - Tufekci, Sinan AU - Tufekci S AD - Departments of Pediatrics, Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey. FAU - Safak, Birol AU - Safak B AD - Departments of Microbiology, Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey. FAU - Nalbantoglu, Burcin AU - Nalbantoglu B AD - Departments of Pediatrics, Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey. FAU - Samanci, Nedim AU - Samanci N AD - Departments of Pediatrics, Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey. FAU - Kiraz, Nuri AU - Kiraz N AD - Departments of Microbiology, Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Turkey TA - Turk J Pediatr JT - The Turkish journal of pediatrics JID - 0417505 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Bacteremia/epidemiology MH - *Burkholderia Infections/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - *Burkholderia cepacia MH - *Burkholderia cepacia complex MH - *Cross Infection/epidemiology MH - *Cystic Fibrosis/epidemiology MH - Disease Outbreaks MH - Hospitals, University MH - Humans MH - Sheep OTO - NOTNLM OT - Burkholderia cepacia complex OT - child OT - infection control OT - non-cystic fibrosis OT - outbreak EDAT- 2021/05/01 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/20 06:00 CRDT- 2021/04/30 08:57 PHST- 2021/04/30 08:57 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/20 06:00 [medline] AID - 2279 [pii] AID - 10.24953/turkjped.2021.02.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Turk J Pediatr. 2021;63(2):218-222. doi: 10.24953/turkjped.2021.02.005. PMID- 33917414 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210519 LR - 20240331 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 7 DP - 2021 Apr 6 TI - Secondary School Nutrition Policy Compliance in Ontario and Alberta, Canada: A Follow-Up Study Examining Vending Machine Data from the COMPASS Study. LID - 10.3390/ijerph18073817 [doi] LID - 3817 AB - (1) Objective: To longitudinally assess food and beverages sold in vending machines in secondary schools (grades 9-12) participating in the COMPASS study (2015/2016 and 2018/2019) and (2) to examine if patterns and trends observed in previous years (2012/2013 to 2014/2015) are consistent with lack of policy compliance in Ontario and Alberta, Canada. (2) Methods: Policy compliance was assessed through comparing nutritional information on drink (e.g., sports drinks) and snack (e.g., chocolate bars) products in vending machines to Policy and Program Memorandum (P/PM) 150 in Ontario (required policy) and the Alberta Nutrition Guidelines for Children and Youth (recommended policy). Longitudinal results and descriptive statistics were calculated. (3) Results: Longitudinal results indicate that between Y(4) (2015/2016) and Y(7) (2018/2019), snack and drink vending machines remained mostly non-compliant in Ontario and Alberta, with a small proportion of Ontario drink machines changing from non-compliant to compliant. At the school level, descriptive results indicate the proportion of Ontario schools with policy-compliant snack and drink machines decreased between Y(4) and Y(7). Alberta schools were non-compliant for drink and snack machines. (4) Conclusions: Secondary schools continue to be non-compliant with provincial policies. School nutrition policies need to be simplified in order to make it easier for schools to be compliant. Enforcement of compliancy is also an area that deserves consideration. FAU - Vine, Michelle M AU - Vine MM AD - School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. FAU - Vermeer, Julianne AU - Vermeer J AD - School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. FAU - Romano, Leonardo AU - Romano L AD - School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. FAU - Harrington, Daniel W AU - Harrington DW AD - School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. FAU - Butler, Alexandra E AU - Butler AE AD - School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. FAU - Patte, Karen A AU - Patte KA AD - Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada. FAU - Godin, Katelyn M AU - Godin KM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5214-1943 AD - Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9 ON, Canada. FAU - Leatherdale, Scott T AU - Leatherdale ST AD - School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. LA - eng GR - OOP-110788/CIHR/Canada GR - PJT- 148562/CIHR/Canada GR - MOP-114875/CIHR/Canada GR - PJT-149092/CIHR/Canada GR - PJT-159693/CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210406 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Alberta MH - Beverages MH - Child MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - *Food Dispensers, Automatic MH - *Guideline Adherence MH - Humans MH - Nutrition Policy MH - Ontario MH - Schools PMC - PMC8038734 OTO - NOTNLM OT - built environment OT - policy implementation OT - school health OT - school nutrition OT - youth health COIS- None to declare. EDAT- 2021/05/01 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/20 06:00 PMCR- 2021/04/06 CRDT- 2021/04/30 01:06 PHST- 2021/02/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/30 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/04/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph18073817 [pii] AID - ijerph-18-03817 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph18073817 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 6;18(7):3817. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073817. PMID- 33869872 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210421 IS - 2405-8440 (Print) IS - 2405-8440 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8440 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 4 DP - 2021 Apr TI - Comparative chemical analysis of Indigenous Nigerian soaps with conventional ones. PG - e06689 LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06689 [doi] LID - e06689 AB - This study compared the chemical properties of the indigenous Nigerian soaps with the conventional soaps in order to determine whether or not they met acceptable standards. The locally made soaps were obtained from markets in Ile-Ife, Osun State and Okitipupa, Ondo State, Nigeria. The soap samples were acid digested and trace metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Hg) in the digested samples were profiled using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Documented techniques were adopted to analyze the soaps for pH, moisture content, free fatty acid, chloride content, free caustic alkali, matters insoluble in water and ethanol. The margin of safety (MoS) and hazard index (HI) associated with the use of the soaps were also evaluated. The locally made soaps had higher physicochemical properties than the conventional soaps. Mercury (Hg) had the highest concentration in the locally made soaps ranging from 106.50 +/- 0.23-273.58 +/- 0.49 mug/g and 46.35 +/- 0.22-55.12 +/- 0.65 mug/g in the conventional soaps, while Cd had the least concentration in the locally made soaps ranging from 2.95 +/- 0.45-6.05 +/- 0.60 mug/g and 2.88 +/- 0.11-5.20 +/- 0.60 mug/g in the conventional soaps. Although highly mercuric soaps are known to kill bacteria and fungi, the observed MoS (<100) and HI (>1) indicated that the soaps might be safe if only restricted to occasional use by adults and children. A careful preliminary investigation and selection of the raw materials used in the production of indigenous soaps should be considered a necessary step. CI - (c) 2021 The Author(s). FAU - Oyekunle, John A O AU - Oyekunle JAO AD - Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220005, Nigeria. FAU - Ore, Odunayo T AU - Ore OT AD - Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220005, Nigeria. FAU - Ogunjumelo, Oluseyi H AU - Ogunjumelo OH AD - Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220005, Nigeria. FAU - Akanni, Michael S AU - Akanni MS AD - Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220005, Nigeria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210407 PL - England TA - Heliyon JT - Heliyon JID - 101672560 PMC - PMC8045000 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cocoa pods OT - Metals OT - Palm bunches OT - Physicochemical properties OT - Soaps COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/04/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/20 06:01 PMCR- 2021/04/07 CRDT- 2021/04/19 06:38 PHST- 2020/12/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/19 06:38 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/20 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/04/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-8440(21)00792-1 [pii] AID - e06689 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06689 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Heliyon. 2021 Apr 7;7(4):e06689. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06689. eCollection 2021 Apr. PMID- 33862120 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210906 LR - 20210906 IS - 1873-6351 (Electronic) IS - 0278-6915 (Linking) VI - 152 DP - 2021 Jun TI - Probabilistic risk assessment for milk in dark chocolate, cookies and other baked goods with PAL sold in Canada. PG - 112196 LID - S0278-6915(21)00229-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112196 [doi] AB - The risk of having an allergic reaction in milk-allergic individuals consuming products with precautionary allergen labelling (PAL) for milk has been rarely studied in products such as dark chocolate, cookies, and other baked goods. A probabilistic risk assessment model was developed to estimate potential risks. Milk occurrence and contamination levels were reported in a previous article from our group. Dose-response curves for milk were constructed using values (n = 1078) from published double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges. Canadian consumption data was extracted from a national survey, and a homemade survey involving food-allergic Canadians. Milk eliciting doses (ED) were 0.23 (ED(01)), 1.34 (ED(05)), 3.42 (ED(10)), and 16.3 (ED(25)) mg of milk protein (Log-Normal distribution). Average exposures, per eating occasion, were 24 mg (dark chocolate), 3.9 mg (baked goods), and 0.20 mg (cookies) of milk proteins. The estimated risk of having a milk-induced allergic reaction by consuming foods with PAL for milk was higher for dark chocolate (16%; 15,881/100,000) than baked goods (3.8%; 3802/100,000) or cookies (0.6%; 646/100,000) in milk-allergic Canadians. Dark chocolate, cookies, and baked goods with PAL for milk, should be avoided by milk-allergic Canadians (consuming or not products with PAL) to prevent allergic reactions. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Manny, Emilie AU - Manny E AD - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods and Department of Food Science, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada. Electronic address: emanny00@gmail.com. FAU - La Vieille, Sebastien AU - La Vieille S AD - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods and Department of Food Science, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada; Health Canada, 251 Sir F. Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, H1A 0K9, Canada. FAU - Dominguez, Silvia A AU - Dominguez SA AD - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods and Department of Food Science, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada. FAU - Kos, Gregor AU - Kos G AD - Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada. FAU - Barrere, Virginie AU - Barrere V AD - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods and Department of Food Science, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada. FAU - Theolier, Jeremie AU - Theolier J AD - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods and Department of Food Science, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada. FAU - Touma, Joseph AU - Touma J AD - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods and Department of Food Science, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada. FAU - Godefroy, Samuel Benrejeb AU - Godefroy SB AD - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods and Department of Food Science, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210417 PL - England TA - Food Chem Toxicol JT - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association JID - 8207483 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Animals MH - Canada MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Chocolate/*adverse effects MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic MH - Female MH - Food Labeling MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Milk/*immunology MH - Milk Hypersensitivity/*epidemiology MH - Models, Statistical MH - Risk Assessment MH - Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Baked goods OT - Cookies OT - Dark chocolate OT - Milk allergen OT - Precautionary allergen labelling OT - Probabilistic risk assessment EDAT- 2021/04/17 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/07 06:00 CRDT- 2021/04/16 20:12 PHST- 2021/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/04/16 20:12 [entrez] AID - S0278-6915(21)00229-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112196 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Chem Toxicol. 2021 Jun;152:112196. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112196. Epub 2021 Apr 17. PMID- 33843639 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210414 LR - 20210414 IS - 0043-5147 (Print) IS - 0043-5147 (Linking) VI - 74 IP - 3 cz 2 DP - 2021 TI - EATING BEHAVIOUR OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN UKRAINE. PG - 708-712 AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim: Investigate the eating behaviour of international students in Ukraine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: A cross-sectional quantitative research approach was taken in conducting this study. 193 international students (98 males, 95 females) filled the questionnaire assessing their diet for the past 7 days, perceived changes made to their diet since their arrival to Ukraine, knowledge of healthy dietary habits, and perceived barriers to maintaining a healthy diet. At the time of this study, the students were between the ages of 18 and 36 years, of 11 nationalities, and enrolled at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels in 12 Ukrainian tertiary institutions. RESULTS: Results: Assessment of the students' diet quality reveals that 75.1% of the students consume fruits at least 2 times/day and 73.1% consume vegetables at least 3 times/day. More students consume poultry daily and fish at least twice a week than beef and pork daily. More than half of the students consume starchy foods, mostly rice daily. Only 7.3% of the students consume up to 1 alcoholic beverage daily. Gender significantly affects the consumption of alcohol, dairy products, low fat milk and milk products, and marginally affects beef and dark chocolate. 95 % of the student have made changes to their diet since coming to Ukraine. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The dietary behaviour of international students in Ukraine is characterized by: high consumption of fruits and vegetables, high intake of lean meats and fish, higher consumption of unsaturated fats and oils than saturated ones, and low consumption of soft and alcoholic drinks. FAU - Yurochko, Tetiana P AU - Yurochko TP AD - SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH OF NATIONAL UNIVERSITY <>, KYIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Shevchenko, Maryna V AU - Shevchenko MV AD - SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH OF NATIONAL UNIVERSITY <>, KYIV, UKRAINE. FAU - Wenom, Anthony Hassan Jr AU - Wenom AHJ AD - SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH OF NATIONAL UNIVERSITY <>, KYIV, UKRAINE. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Poland TA - Wiad Lek JT - Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960) JID - 9705467 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Animals MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Fruit MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Students MH - Ukraine MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Nutrition OT - barriers OT - habits OT - healthy diet EDAT- 2021/04/13 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/15 06:00 CRDT- 2021/04/12 12:37 PHST- 2021/04/12 12:37 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/15 06:00 [medline] PST - ppublish SO - Wiad Lek. 2021;74(3 cz 2):708-712. PMID- 33843565 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220127 LR - 20230522 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 17 DP - 2021 Dec TI - Children's measured exposure to food and beverage advertising on television in a regulated environment, May 2011-2019. PG - 5914-5926 LID - 10.1017/S1368980021001373 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To quantify food/beverage advertising on television in Montreal (Quebec), to estimate and characterise children's exposure and to examine trends over time. DESIGN: Television food advertising data were licensed for nineteen food categories and eighteen stations for May 2011, 2016 and 2019. The frequency of advertisements and the average number viewed per child aged 2-11 years overall, by food category and by station type (i.e. youth-appealing (n 3) and generalist (n 15) stations) were determined. The percent change in advertising frequency and exposure between May 2011 and 2019 was calculated. SETTING: Montreal, Quebec, Canada. PARTICIPANTS: This study used media data and did not directly involve human participants. RESULTS: The total number of television advertisements increased by 11 % between May 2011 (n 41 084) and May 2019 (n 45 406); however, exposure to food/beverage advertisements decreased by 53 %, going from 226 ads/child in May 2011 to 107 ads/child in May 2019. Overall, the most advertised food categories in both May 2011 and 2019 were fast food (29.8 % and 39.2 %, respectively) followed by chocolate (14.2 %) in 2011 and savory snacks (9.7 %) in 2019. In May 2019, children were predominantly exposed to unhealthy food categories such as fast food (41.3 % of exposure), savory snacks (7.5 %), chocolate (5.0 %) and regular soft drinks (4.5 %), and most (89.3 %) of their total exposure occurred on generalist television stations. CONCLUSION: Despite Quebec's restrictions on commercial advertising directed to children under 13 years, Quebecois children are still frequently exposed to unhealthy food advertising on television. Government should tighten restrictions to protect children from this exposure. FAU - Pauze, Elise AU - Pauze E AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand, Ottawa K1G 5Z3, Ontario, Canada. AD - Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Remedios, Lauren AU - Remedios L AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand, Ottawa K1G 5Z3, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Potvin Kent, Monique AU - Potvin Kent M AD - School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand, Ottawa K1G 5Z3, Ontario, Canada. LA - eng GR - CIHR/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210412 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Advertising MH - Beverages MH - Child MH - Fast Foods MH - Food MH - Food Industry MH - Humans MH - *Television PMC - PMC10195613 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Consumer Protection Act OT - Food advertising OT - Policy OT - Prevention EDAT- 2021/04/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/28 06:00 PMCR- 2021/12/01 CRDT- 2021/04/12 12:34 PHST- 2021/04/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/04/12 12:34 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1368980021001373 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1368980021001373 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2021 Dec;24(17):5914-5926. doi: 10.1017/S1368980021001373. Epub 2021 Apr 12. PMID- 33802541 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210413 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 3 DP - 2021 Mar 3 TI - Nutritional Education Is an Effective Tool in Improving Beverage Assortment in Nurseries in Poland. LID - 10.3390/healthcare9030274 [doi] LID - 274 AB - The aim of the study was to assess the impact of education on improving the assortment of beverages served in nurseries in Poland. This analysis focused on beverages served to children with meals and between meals. We examined: water, tea, juices, soft/fruit drinks, compote, milk, cocoa, and coffee substitute. The study involved 93 nurseries enrolled in the Eating Healthy, Growing Healthy project and was conducted from 2015 to 2017. Nutritional education was carried out by dieticians or nutritionists and included 24 h of lectures given to the staff of nurseries. Training was conducted in a form of workshops that were divided into 12 topics. Additionally, consultations regarding infants and young children nutrition were available to the staff. Typically, education training was completed within 1-2 months in each nursery. The effectiveness of education was verified based on data on beverage supply in 186 ten-day menus, 1860 daily inventory reports before (at baseline), and 3-6 months after staff training (post baseline). Data were analyzed in a total group, and separately for public and non-public nurseries. Statistical analyses for categorical variables were done with Chi(2) Pearson test. The differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. After education, a significant increase in the supply of water as a beverage served with meals was observed in all nurseries (68% vs. 87%; p = 0.002), both in public (72% vs. 90%, p = 0.036) and non-public (62% vs. 84%, p = 0.017) ones. Moreover, a decrease in served tea was noted: in all nurseries (71% vs. 44%, p < 0.001) and in public nurseries (77% vs. 42%, p < 0.001). Water was available between meals in almost all nurseries. Nutritional education for staff is an important tool for improving adherence to the nutritional recommendation in the case of core beverage supply in Polish nurseries. FAU - Harton, Anna AU - Harton A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5805-6996 AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Myszkowska-Ryciak, Joanna AU - Myszkowska-Ryciak J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7167-1993 AD - Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), 02-776 Warsaw, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210303 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC8002118 OTO - NOTNLM OT - beverages OT - infants OT - nurseries OT - nutritional education OT - toddlers OT - water OT - young children COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. Parts of this program were presented as a poster presentation titled "Nutrition education changed the assortments of beverages served to meals in creches in Poland" at the 10th DIETS-EFAD Conference, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 29-30 September 2017. EDAT- 2021/04/04 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/04 06:01 PMCR- 2021/03/03 CRDT- 2021/04/03 01:11 PHST- 2021/01/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/02/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/03 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/04 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare9030274 [pii] AID - healthcare-09-00274 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare9030274 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Mar 3;9(3):274. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9030274. PMID- 33800789 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210524 LR - 20210524 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 3 DP - 2021 Mar 6 TI - Phenol-Rich Food Acceptability: The Influence of Variations in Sweetness Optima and Sensory-Liking Patterns. LID - 10.3390/nu13030866 [doi] LID - 866 AB - The consumption of phenol-rich foods is limited by their prominent bitterness and astringency. This issue has been addressed by adding sweet tastes, which suppress bitterness, but this is not a complete solution since individuals also differ in their preference for sweetness. In this study, we aimed at identifying groups of consumers differing in sweetness optima and sensory-liking patterns. To this end, increasing concentrations of sucrose were added to a chocolate pudding base. This allowed us to (1) investigate if individual differences in sensory responses are associated with different sweet liking optima in a product context, (2) define the psychological and oro-sensory profile of sweet liker phenotypes derived using a product context, and (3) assess if individuals differing in sweet liking optima differ also in consumption and liking of phenol-rich foods and beverages as a function of their sensory properties (e.g., sweeter vs. more bitter and astringent products). Individuals (1208; 58.4% women, 18-69 years) were characterised for demographics, responsiveness to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), personality traits and attitudes toward foods. Three clusters were identified based on correlations between sensory responses (sweetness, bitterness and astringency) and liking of the samples: liking was positively related to sweetness and negatively to bitterness and astringency in High and Moderate Sweet Likers, and the opposite in Inverted U-Shaped. Differences between clusters were found in age, gender and personality. Furthermore, the Inverted-U Shaped cluster was found to have overall healthier food behaviours and preferences, with higher liking and consumption of phenol-rich vegetables and beverages without added sugar. These findings point out the importance of identifying the individual sensory-liking patterns in order to develop more effective strategies to promote the acceptability of healthy phenol-rich foods. FAU - Spinelli, Sara AU - Spinelli S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5175-6276 AD - Department of Agricultural, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, via Donizetti 6, 50144 Florence, Italy. FAU - Prescott, John AU - Prescott J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5811-9114 AD - Department of Agricultural, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, via Donizetti 6, 50144 Florence, Italy. AD - TasteMatters Research & Consulting, P.O. Box Q1150, QVB Post Office, Sydney 1230, Australia. FAU - Pierguidi, Lapo AU - Pierguidi L AD - Department of Agricultural, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, via Donizetti 6, 50144 Florence, Italy. FAU - Dinnella, Caterina AU - Dinnella C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5765-6057 AD - Department of Agricultural, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, via Donizetti 6, 50144 Florence, Italy. FAU - Arena, Elena AU - Arena E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3419-1875 AD - Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy. FAU - Braghieri, Ada AU - Braghieri A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9824-0579 AD - School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy. FAU - Di Monaco, Rossella AU - Di Monaco R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4402-4023 AD - Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy. FAU - Gallina Toschi, Tullia AU - Gallina Toschi T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7241-2280 AD - Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. FAU - Endrizzi, Isabella AU - Endrizzi I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0049-4306 AD - Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy. FAU - Proserpio, Cristina AU - Proserpio C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1793-9113 AD - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy. FAU - Torri, Luisa AU - Torri L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4522-6452 AD - University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II, 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Italy. FAU - Monteleone, Erminio AU - Monteleone E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9149-969X AD - Department of Agricultural, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, via Donizetti 6, 50144 Florence, Italy. LA - eng GR - 20158YJW3W/Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20210306 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Sweetening Agents) RN - 339NCG44TV (Phenol) RN - 721M9407IY (Propylthiouracil) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Cluster Analysis MH - Female MH - Food Preferences/*psychology MH - Food, Fortified/*analysis MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Personality MH - *Phenol MH - Propylthiouracil MH - Sweetening Agents/*analysis MH - Taste Threshold/*drug effects MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7998421 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PROP OT - individual differences OT - personality traits OT - phenol-rich foods OT - sensory-liking patterns OT - sweet liking COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/04/04 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/25 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/06 CRDT- 2021/04/03 01:06 PHST- 2021/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/03/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/04/03 01:06 [entrez] PHST- 2021/04/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu13030866 [pii] AID - nutrients-13-00866 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu13030866 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2021 Mar 6;13(3):866. doi: 10.3390/nu13030866. PMID- 33787473 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220128 LR - 20220128 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Print) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) VI - 126 IP - 10 DP - 2021 Nov 28 TI - Sex- and weight-specific changes in the frequency of sweet treat consumption during early adolescence: a longitudinal study. PG - 1592-1600 LID - 10.1017/S0007114521001112 [doi] AB - The transition from childhood to adolescence is a sensitive period, triggering changes in health- and weight-related behaviours including eating habits which likely vary between girls and boys. We aimed to characterise the changes in the frequency of consumption of select sugary foods and drinks ('sweet treats') among 4237 Finnish girls and boys during a 2-year follow-up period. Additionally, we examined four subgroups: children whose weight or waist normalised as well as children whose weight or waist circumference increased during follow-up. An FFQ was completed at 11.1 (sd 0.9) and again at 13.4 (sd 1.1) years of age. A sum variable sweet treat index (STI, range 0-84) captured the weekly consumption frequencies of sweet treats. From baseline to follow-up, the mean STI decreased among girls from 7.1 (95 % CI 6.9, 7.3) to 6.0 (95 % CI 5.9, 6.2) (P < 0.001) and boys from 8.5 (95 % CI 8.3, 8.8) to 7.8 (95 % CI 7.6, 7.8) (P < 0.001), although both sexes increased their chocolate/sweets consumption: girls from 1.3 (95 % CI 1.3, 1.4) to 1.6 (95 % CI 1.5, 1.6) (P < 0.001) and boys from 1.4 (95 % CI 1.3, 1.4) to 1.6 (95 % CI 1.6, 1.7) (P < 0.001), and boys increased their soft drink consumption from 1.4 (95 % CI 1.3, 1.4) to 1.5 (95 % CI 1.4, 1.5) (P = 0.020). We found similar decreases in both the weight and waist subgroups. To conclude, the total frequency of consumption of sweet treats decreased during early adolescence. A similar trend across subgroups suggests that the frequency of consumption of sweet treats is unrelated to becoming overweight. FAU - Lommi, Sohvi AU - Lommi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4393-5725 AD - Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland. AD - Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki00250, Finland. FAU - Engberg, Elina AU - Engberg E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8713-5607 AD - Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki00250, Finland. AD - Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland. FAU - Tuorila, Hely AU - Tuorila H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9398-7235 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland. FAU - Kolho, Kaija-Leena AU - Kolho KL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9170-8415 AD - Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki00014, Finland. AD - Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere33100, Finland. FAU - Viljakainen, Heli AU - Viljakainen H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7486-3437 AD - Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki00250, Finland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210331 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Body Mass Index MH - *Candy MH - Child MH - Chocolate MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Finland MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - *Overweight MH - Waist Circumference PMC - PMC8524426 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescence OT - Eating behaviours OT - Longitudinal studies OT - Paediatric obesity OT - Sugary products EDAT- 2021/04/01 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/29 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/19 CRDT- 2021/03/31 13:05 PHST- 2021/04/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/31 13:05 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0007114521001112 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114521001112 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Nutr. 2021 Nov 28;126(10):1592-1600. doi: 10.1017/S0007114521001112. Epub 2021 Mar 31. PMID- 33782647 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230919 IS - 2213-6312 (Electronic) IS - 2213-6304 (Print) IS - 2213-6304 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Feb 9 TI - Polyphenols and Cognition In Humans: An Overview of Current Evidence from Recent Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. PG - 139-153 LID - 10.3233/BPL-200111 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: There is increasing interest in the impact of dietary influences on the brain throughout the lifespan, ranging from improving cognitive development in children through to attenuating ageing related cognitive decline and reducing risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Polyphenols, phytochemicals naturally present in a host of fruits, vegetables, tea, cocoa and other foods, have received particular attention in this regard, and there is now a substantial body of evidence from experimental and epidemiological studies examining whether their consumption is associated with cognitive benefits. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this overview is to synthesise and evaluate the best available evidence from two sources, namely meta-analyses and systematic reviews, in order to give an accurate reflection of the current evidence base for an association between polyphenols and cognitive benefits. METHOD: Four meta-analyses and thirteen systematic reviews published between 2017-2020 were included, and were categorised according to whether they reviewed specific polyphenol-rich foods and classes or all polyphenols. A requirement for inclusion was assessment of a behavioural cognitive outcome in humans. RESULTS: A clear and consistent theme emerged that whilst there is support for an association between polyphenol consumption and cognitive benefits, this conclusion is tentative, and by no means definitive. Considerable methodological heterogeneity was repeatedly highlighted as problematic such that the current evidence base does not support reliable conclusions relating to efficacy of specific doses, duration of treatment, or sensitivity in specific populations or certain cognitive domains. The complexity of multiple interactions between a range of direct and indirect mechanisms of action is discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is required to strengthen the reliability of the evidence base. CI - (c) 2020 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved. FAU - Lamport, Daniel Joseph AU - Lamport DJ AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG66AL, UK. FAU - Williams, Claire Michelle AU - Williams CM AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG66AL, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210209 PL - Netherlands TA - Brain Plast JT - Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) JID - 101669568 PMC - PMC7990468 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Polyphenols OT - cognition OT - cognitive function OT - flavonoids OT - review COIS- The authors have no conflicts to report. EDAT- 2021/03/31 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/31 06:01 PMCR- 2021/02/09 CRDT- 2021/03/30 08:02 PHST- 2021/03/30 08:02 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/31 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BPL200111 [pii] AID - 10.3233/BPL-200111 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Plast. 2021 Feb 9;6(2):139-153. doi: 10.3233/BPL-200111. PMID- 33739547 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211013 LR - 20211013 IS - 1440-1754 (Electronic) IS - 1034-4810 (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 8 DP - 2021 Aug TI - Prior administration of chocolate improves the palatability of bitter drugs: The Choc-with-Med study. PG - 1267-1273 LID - 10.1111/jpc.15448 [doi] AB - AIM: The paediatric population has a low adherence and acceptance rate of unpalatable medicines. This study aimed to determine whether eating chocolate immediately prior to drug administration would help to mask the bitter taste of a drug. The difference in taste masking efficacy between white, milk and dark chocolate was a secondary measure outcome. METHODS: A controlled repeated measures crossover taste trial was conducted using a taste panel of 29 young healthy adults who met the criteria to differentiate intensity in bitterness taste. Participants separately tasted solutions of quinine, flucloxacillin and clindamycin using the swill and spit method, singularly and following blinded prior administration of white, milk or dark chocolate. Drug solutions administered without prior chocolate served as controls. Bitterness score for each tasting was recorded using a 5-point scale. RESULTS: Regardless of chocolate type, mean taste scores with prior chocolate for quinine (range 2.00-2.34), clindamycin (3.72-3.83) and flucloxacillin (3.38-3.45) were all lower than mean scores for respective drugs without chocolate (3.24, 4.75 and 4.28, respectively; P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Dark chocolate was most efficacious for masking the bitter taste of quinine, but the differences in taste masking efficacy between dark, milk and white chocolates were not statistically significant for flucloxacillin and clindamycin. CONCLUSIONS: Prior administration of chocolate results in lower perceived bitterness compared to control tastings of quinine, flucloxacillin and clindamycin solutions; however, there is no clear difference in this effect between the dark, milk and white chocolates used in this study. CI - (c) 2021 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians). FAU - Truong, Shannon AU - Truong S AD - School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Tang, Edith Kai Yan AU - Tang EKY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6266-6874 AD - Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Khan, R Nazim AU - Khan RN AD - School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Nguyen, Minh Ngoc AU - Nguyen MN AD - Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - von Ungern Sternberg, Britta S AU - von Ungern Sternberg BS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8043-8541 AD - Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Perth Children's Hospital and The University of Western Australia (School of Medicine), Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Yeo, Allen Wan Yan AU - Yeo AWY AD - Department of Trauma/General Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Lim, Lee Yong AU - Lim LY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7307-0742 AD - Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. LA - eng GR - Frank Callahan Estate/ GR - Perth Children's Hospital Foundation/ GR - Stan Perron Charitable Trust/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210319 PL - Australia TA - J Paediatr Child Health JT - Journal of paediatrics and child health JID - 9005421 RN - 0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations) RN - A7V27PHC7A (Quinine) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Animals MH - Child MH - *Chocolate MH - Humans MH - Milk MH - *Pharmaceutical Preparations MH - Quinine MH - Taste OTO - NOTNLM OT - chocolate: Taste-masking, taste trial, bitterness OT - clindamycin OT - flucloxacillin OT - quinine EDAT- 2021/03/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/14 06:00 CRDT- 2021/03/19 12:30 PHST- 2021/02/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/12/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/19 12:30 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jpc.15448 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Paediatr Child Health. 2021 Aug;57(8):1267-1273. doi: 10.1111/jpc.15448. Epub 2021 Mar 19. PMID- 33719021 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210329 LR - 20210507 IS - 1530-9932 (Electronic) IS - 1530-9932 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 3 DP - 2021 Mar 14 TI - Development and Evaluation of Cocoa Butter Taste Masked Ibuprofen Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. PG - 106 LID - 10.1208/s12249-021-01962-7 [doi] AB - Masking the unpleasant taste of the pharmaceutically active ingredients plays a critical role in patient acceptance, particularly for children. This work's primary objective was the preparation of taste-masked ibuprofen microparticles using cocoa butter with the assistance of supercritical fluid technology. Microparticles were prepared by dissolving ibuprofen in melted cocoa butter at 40 degrees C. The solution was then introduced into a supercritical fluid unit and processed at 10 MPa CO(2) pressure for 30 min. The product was collected after depressurizing the system. The effect of the drug to cocoa butter ratio and the supercritical fluid units' configuration on product quality was evaluated and compared with the sample prepared by a conventional method. Physicochemical characterization of the prepared product, including particle size, crystallinity, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release, and product taste using a human volunteer panel was conducted. The produced microparticles were in the range of 1.42 to 15.28 mum. The entrapment efficiency of the formulated microparticles ranged from 66 to 81%. The drug:polymer ratio, the configuration of the supercritical fluid unit, and the method of preparation were found to have a critical role in the formulation of ibuprofen microparticles. Taste evaluation using human volunteers showed that microparticles containing 20% drug and processed with supercritical fluid technology were capable of masking the bitter taste of ibuprofen. In conclusion, the dispersion of ibuprofen in cocoa butter using supercritical fluid technology is a a promising innovative method to mask the bitter taste of ibuprofen. FAU - Obaidat, Rana AU - Obaidat R AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. obeidatrana@yahoo.com. FAU - Aleih, Haneen AU - Aleih H AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Mashaqbeh, Hadeia AU - Mashaqbeh H AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Altaani, Bashar AU - Altaani B AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Alsmadi, Mo'tasem M AU - Alsmadi MM AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. FAU - Alnaief, Mohammad AU - Alnaief M AD - Department of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210314 PL - United States TA - AAPS PharmSciTech JT - AAPS PharmSciTech JID - 100960111 RN - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal) RN - 0 (Dietary Fats) RN - 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide) RN - 512OYT1CRR (cocoa butter) RN - WK2XYI10QM (Ibuprofen) SB - IM MH - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage/chemical synthesis/pharmacokinetics MH - Carbon Dioxide/*chemistry MH - Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid/*methods MH - Dietary Fats/administration & dosage/*chemical synthesis/pharmacokinetics MH - Drug Development/*methods MH - Humans MH - Ibuprofen/administration & dosage/*chemical synthesis/pharmacokinetics MH - Particle Size MH - Taste/*drug effects/physiology MH - X-Ray Diffraction/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - cocoa butter OT - ibuprofen OT - solid dispersion OT - supercritical fluid technology OT - taste masking EDAT- 2021/03/16 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/30 06:00 CRDT- 2021/03/15 07:20 PHST- 2020/11/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/15 07:20 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/30 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1208/s12249-021-01962-7 [pii] AID - 10.1208/s12249-021-01962-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - AAPS PharmSciTech. 2021 Mar 14;22(3):106. doi: 10.1208/s12249-021-01962-7. PMID- 33670593 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210408 LR - 20210408 IS - 1420-3049 (Electronic) IS - 1420-3049 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 4 DP - 2021 Feb 18 TI - Oxidative Stress Is Increased in Combined Oral Contraceptives Users and Is Positively Associated with High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein. LID - 10.3390/molecules26041070 [doi] LID - 1070 AB - Information concerning the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in young healthy women predisposing eventually to future diseases is scarce. We investigated the relationship of oxidative stress and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in fertile-age women by oral combined contraceptive (OC) use. Caucasian Italian healthy non-obese women (n = 290; 100 OC-users; 190 non-OC-users; mean age 23.2 +/- 4.7 years) were analyzed. Blood hydroperoxides, as oxidative stress biomarkers, were assessed by Free Oxygen Radical Test (FORT). Serum hsCRP was determined by an ultra-sensitive method (hsCRP). Markedly elevated oxidative stress (>/=400 FORT Units) was found in 77.0% of OC-users and 1.6% of non-OC-users, odds ratio (OR) = 209, 95% CI = 60.9-715.4, p < 0.001. Elevated hsCRP levels >/= 2.0 mg/L, considered risky for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), were found in 41.0% of OC-users and 9.5% of non-OC-users, OR = 6.6, 95%CI 3.5-12.4, p < 0.001. Hydroperoxides were strongly positively correlated to hsCRP in all women (r(s) = 0.622, p < 0.001), in OC-users (r(s) = 0.442, p < 0.001), and in non-OC-users (r(s) = 0.426, p < 0.001). Women with hydroperoxides >/= 400 FORT Units were eight times as likely to have hsCRP >/= 2 mg/L. In non-OC-users only, hydroperoxides values were positively correlated with weight and body mass index, but negatively correlated with red meat, fish and chocolate consumption. Our research is the first finding a strong positive correlation of serum hydroperoxides with hsCRP, a marker of low-grade chronic inflammation, in young healthy women. Further research is needed to elucidate the potential role of these two biomarkers in OC-use associated side-effects, like thromboembolism and other CVDs. FAU - Cauci, Sabina AU - Cauci S AD - Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy. FAU - Xodo, Serena AU - Xodo S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9756-0511 AD - Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinics, Maternal and Child Department, Santa Maria della Misericordia University-Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy. FAU - Buligan, Cinzia AU - Buligan C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4480-2027 AD - Dermatology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University-Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy. FAU - Colaninno, Chiara AU - Colaninno C AD - Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy. FAU - Barbina, Mattia AU - Barbina M AD - Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy. FAU - Barbina, Giuseppe AU - Barbina G AD - Clinical Analysis Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University-Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy. FAU - Francescato, Maria Pia AU - Francescato MP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7892-863X AD - Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy. LA - eng GR - 2017-2018-2019/Universita degli Studi di Udine/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210218 PL - Switzerland TA - Molecules JT - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 100964009 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Contraceptives, Oral, Combined) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) RN - BBX060AN9V (Hydrogen Peroxide) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Biomarkers/metabolism MH - C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism MH - Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/*pharmacology MH - Humans MH - Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism MH - Middle Aged MH - *Oxidative Stress MH - Risk Factors MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7921945 OTO - NOTNLM OT - alimentary habits OT - contraceptive pill OT - estrogen OT - free radicals OT - hormonal contraception OT - inflammation OT - lipid peroxidation OT - progestin OT - third generation pill OT - thromboembolism COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2021/03/07 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/10 06:00 PMCR- 2021/02/18 CRDT- 2021/03/06 01:08 PHST- 2021/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/02/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/02/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/06 01:08 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - molecules26041070 [pii] AID - molecules-26-01070 [pii] AID - 10.3390/molecules26041070 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Molecules. 2021 Feb 18;26(4):1070. doi: 10.3390/molecules26041070. PMID- 33663854 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210426 LR - 20220531 IS - 1525-3198 (Electronic) IS - 0022-0302 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 5 DP - 2021 May TI - Child preferences and perceptions of fluid milk in school meal programs. PG - 5303-5318 LID - S0022-0302(21)00223-X [pii] LID - 10.3168/jds.2020-19546 [doi] AB - School meal programs in the United States feed approximately 30 million children each day and account for the majority of child milk intake. Dairy consumption during childhood and adolescence has lasting effects on lifelong health status, so it is important for schools to ensure adequate consumption in this life stage by offering an appealing product. This study identified the intrinsic and extrinsic attributes that influence children's perceptions, attitudes, and consumption of fluid milk at school, especially as they relate to fluid milk packaging. An online choice-based conjoint survey (n = 211) and four 1-h focus groups (n = 31) were conducted with child milk consumers ages 8 to 13 yr to evaluate extrinsic attributes. The survey evaluated milk package attributes including packaging type, front-of-package graphics, package color, and labeled milk fat content. Focus group topics included preferences, usability, health, taste of fluid milk, and milk consumption habits. To evaluate intrinsic properties related to packaging, 3 varieties of milk (unflavored fat-free, unflavored low-fat, and chocolate-flavored fat-free) were produced and packaged in polyethylene-coated paperboard cartons, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles, and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles (all 250 mL). After 10 to 13 d of storage at 4 degrees C under dark conditions, milks were evaluated by descriptive analysis and child acceptance testing (ages 8-13 yr; n = 126, 122, and 126 for each variety, respectively). Extrinsically, package type was the most important attribute to children, but graphics, nutritional labeling, branding, package size, and overall familiarity also drove preferences. The ideal milk packaging build from the conjoint survey was an HDPE bottle with blue-colored packaging and a cow graphic, labeled as low-fat milk. Intrinsically, all varieties of milks packaged in paperboard cartons developed package-specific flavors, including refrigerator/stale and paperboard, after 10 d of storage. These off-flavors were not detected in HDPE- or PET-packaged milks. For unflavored milks, child consumers preferred the flavor of PET- or HDPE-packaged milks over cartons, regardless of milk fat content, but preferences were not distinct for chocolate-flavored milk. The results of this study demonstrate that children's liking and preference for milk are driven by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors and suggest that improvements are needed to increase acceptance of milk currently served in school meal programs. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Sipple, L R AU - Sipple LR AD - Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695. FAU - Schiano, A N AU - Schiano AN AD - Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695. FAU - Cadwallader, D C AU - Cadwallader DC AD - Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695. FAU - Drake, M A AU - Drake MA AD - Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695. Electronic address: maryanne_drake@ncsu.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210302 PL - United States TA - J Dairy Sci JT - Journal of dairy science JID - 2985126R SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Child MH - *Consumer Behavior MH - *Food Preferences MH - Humans MH - *Milk MH - Perception MH - Schools MH - Taste MH - United States OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - conjoint analysis OT - consumer acceptance OT - fluid milk OT - packaging EDAT- 2021/03/06 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/27 06:00 CRDT- 2021/03/05 05:45 PHST- 2020/08/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/12/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/05 05:45 [entrez] AID - S0022-0302(21)00223-X [pii] AID - 10.3168/jds.2020-19546 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Dairy Sci. 2021 May;104(5):5303-5318. doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-19546. Epub 2021 Mar 2. PMID- 33600088 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210222 LR - 20250104 IS - 1757-9996 (Electronic) IS - 1602-1622 (Print) IS - 1602-1622 (Linking) VI - 19 DP - 2021 Feb 19 TI - Frequency of Oral Impacts on Daily Performances and Dental Pain Among Indigenous Adolescents of Himalayas (Leh, Ladakh): A Cross-Sectional Study. PG - 115-120 LID - 10.3290/j.ohpd.b965717 [doi] LID - b965717 AB - PURPOSE: Psychosocial impacts on quality of life among adolescents with access to affordable dental care is not well documented. In addition, dental pain is accelerating towards a public health problem that needs immediate attention. The objective was to determine impacts on quality of life using the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) frequency scale and to determine prevalence of dental pain with its impact. METHODS: A total of 288 students (mean age 15.72 +/- 1.5) completed the survey instrument (sociodemographic variables, consumption of chocolates/candies, perceived need for dental care, history of dental pain in last 6 months and OIDP frequency scale) designed to measure subjective oral health indicators. Mean OIDP simple count scores were analysed using logistic regression and additive (ADD) scores for dental pain were compared using student's t test. RESULTS: The response rate was 96%. About 44.4% reported impacts affecting daily performances. About 11.4% consumed tobacco and 92.7% consumed forms of refined sugars. About 39% perceived a need for dental care and 32.3% experienced dental pain with problem in eating and cleaning teeth. Those not perceiving a need for dental care were more likely to have an impact (OR: 2.3; CI: 1.2-4.4). Males had higher OIDP ADD scores for dental pain than females (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION: Overall impact was less than 50%. Dental pain was reported among students with access to dental care with impacts on eating and cleaning of teeth. Oral health promotion needs to be reinforced by strengthening school community relationship. FAU - Shekhawat, Kuldeep Singh AU - Shekhawat KS FAU - Samuel, Srinivasan Raj AU - Samuel SR FAU - Chauhan, Arunima AU - Chauhan A LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210219 PL - Germany TA - Oral Health Prev Dent JT - Oral health & preventive dentistry JID - 101167768 SB - IM MH - Activities of Daily Living MH - Adolescent MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - *Oral Health MH - Pain MH - *Quality of Life MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC11641056 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescent OT - child OT - dental care OT - dental pain OT - quality of life OT - school health services EDAT- 2021/02/19 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/23 06:00 PMCR- 2021/02/19 CRDT- 2021/02/18 12:22 PHST- 2021/02/18 12:22 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 965717 [pii] AID - 3290 [pii] AID - 10.3290/j.ohpd.b965717 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Oral Health Prev Dent. 2021 Feb 19;19:115-120. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b965717. PMID- 33557241 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210316 IS - 2304-8158 (Print) IS - 2304-8158 (Electronic) IS - 2304-8158 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Feb 4 TI - Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Acceptability of a Next-Generation Functional Chocolate Added with Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Probiotics. LID - 10.3390/foods10020333 [doi] LID - 333 AB - In this study, a milk chocolate formulation was developed to serve as vehicle of Omega-3 (omega3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and probiotics (L. plantarum 299v and L. rhamnosus GG). Fish oil (FO) was incorporated in chocolate as a source of omega3 PUFAs. Probiotics (Prob) and FO were added during tempering, obtaining chocolates with 76.0 +/- 5.2 mg (FO1) or 195.8 +/- 6.5 mg (FO2) of omega3 PUFAs, and >1 x 10(6) CFU of Prob per chocolate portion (12 g). The physicochemical properties (rheological analysis, texture, surface instrumental color, aw, and fatty acid profile), and sensory acceptability of the formulations were determined. Prob and FO generated a decrease in L* and white index (WI) values. Except for Prob + FO2, all treatments showed a decrease in aw. Rheological parameters of FO1 and Prob + FO1 presented the most similar behavior as compared with the control. Prob or FO1 addition did not affect the overall consumer's acceptability of chocolate; and when both nutraceuticals were combined (Prob + FO1) the product showed adequate overall acceptability. FO2 formulations were not considered adequate to maintain physicochemical properties and sensory acceptability of chocolate. Results indicated that milk chocolate is a suitable vehicle for delivering omega3 PUFAs and Prob, which are essential to enhance cognitive development in children. FAU - Faccinetto-Beltran, Paulinna AU - Faccinetto-Beltran P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2371-8168 AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jal, Mexico. FAU - Gomez-Fernandez, Andrea R AU - Gomez-Fernandez AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7339-6278 AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jal, Mexico. FAU - Orozco-Sanchez, Norma E AU - Orozco-Sanchez NE AD - Escuela Mexicana de Confiteria y Chocolateria, Melchor Ocampo 926, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78280, SLP, Mexico. FAU - Perez-Carrillo, Esther AU - Perez-Carrillo E AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico. FAU - Marin-Obispo, Luis Martin AU - Marin-Obispo LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2400-5458 AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico. FAU - Hernandez-Brenes, Carmen AU - Hernandez-Brenes C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9731-4254 AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico. FAU - Santacruz, Arlette AU - Santacruz A AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico. FAU - Jacobo-Velazquez, Daniel A AU - Jacobo-Velazquez DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9478-2570 AD - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jal, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210204 PL - Switzerland TA - Foods JT - Foods (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101670569 PMC - PMC7913986 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognition OT - milk chocolate OT - physicochemical properties OT - probiotics OT - omega3 PUFAs COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/02/10 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/10 06:01 PMCR- 2021/02/04 CRDT- 2021/02/09 01:03 PHST- 2020/11/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/01/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/09 01:03 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/10 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - foods10020333 [pii] AID - foods-10-00333 [pii] AID - 10.3390/foods10020333 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Foods. 2021 Feb 4;10(2):333. doi: 10.3390/foods10020333. PMID- 33441212 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210917 LR - 20230619 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 7 DP - 2021 May TI - Students choosing fat-free chocolate milk during school lunch consume more calories, total sugar, protein, minerals and vitamins at lunch. PG - 1818-1827 LID - 10.1017/S1368980021000161 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine how milk consumption varies by milk choice and measure the association of milk choice on the nutritional and energetic content of National School Lunch Program (NSLP) lunches. DESIGN: An observational plate waste study using the Digital Photography of Foods Method. SETTING: Data were collected from two suburban South Carolina schools in one district during February and March 2013. PARTICIPANTS: Totally, 968 NSLP lunches selected by 619 kindergarten to fifth grade students. RESULTS: Most students chose chocolate milk (75 %). A multinomial logit model indicated milk choice varied significantly by sociodemographic characteristics. An ordinary least square regression indicated that consumption rates of low-fat white milk were 8.5 % lower than fat-free chocolate milk (P = 0.039) and milk consumption rates varied statistically by sociodemographic characteristics. Ordinary least square regressions found that the consumption of energies and nutrients from NSLP lunches varied with sociodemographic characteristics and milk choice; students selecting chocolate milk consumed 58 more energies (P < 0.001) and 10 more grams of total sugar (P < 0.001) than students selecting low-fat white milk from their NSLP lunches. Students consumed statistically similar energies and nutrients from the non-milk components of their meals. CONCLUSIONS: Students selecting chocolate milk consumed more energies and nutrients from their NSLP lunches with the increases in consumption attributed to the milk component of the meal. The findings have implications for recent changes to NSLP guidelines that allow schools to offer both low-fat and fat-free flavoured milk, reversing the previous ban on low-fat flavoured milk under the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act. FAU - Peckham, Janet G AU - Peckham JG AD - US Food and Drug Administration, Office of the Commissioner, 5001 Campus Drive HFS-020, College Park, MD 20740, USA. FAU - Kropp, Jaclyn D AU - Kropp JD AD - Food and Resource Economics Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. FAU - Mroz, Thomas A AU - Mroz TA AD - Andrew Young School of Policy Studies and the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Department of Economics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Haley-Zitlin, Vivian AU - Haley-Zitlin V AD - Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA. FAU - Granberg, Ellen AU - Granberg E AD - Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20210114 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 RN - 0 (Minerals) RN - 0 (Sugars) RN - 0 (Vitamins) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Chocolate MH - *Food Services MH - Humans MH - Lunch MH - Milk MH - Minerals MH - Schools MH - Students MH - Sugars MH - Vitamins PMC - PMC10195581 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Flavoured milk OT - NSLP OT - Plate waste OT - School lunch OT - Selection and consumption EDAT- 2021/01/15 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/18 06:00 PMCR- 2021/05/01 CRDT- 2021/01/14 05:32 PHST- 2021/01/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/14 05:32 [entrez] PHST- 2021/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1368980021000161 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1368980021000161 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2021 May;24(7):1818-1827. doi: 10.1017/S1368980021000161. Epub 2021 Jan 14. PMID- 33424279 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210112 IS - 1319-562X (Print) IS - 2213-7106 (Electronic) IS - 2213-7106 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jan TI - Dietary intake of artificial food color additives containing food products by school-going children. PG - 27-34 LID - 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.025 [doi] AB - Nutritional risk in children is associated with food safety. This is the first study to identify the food type consumed by 6-17-year-old school-going children in Saudi Arabia. Eight permitted artificial food color additives, including Tartrazine (E102), Sunset Yellow (E110), Carmoisine (E122), Allura Red (E129), Indigo Carmine (E132), Brilliant Blue (E133), Fast Green (E143), and Black PN (E151), and two non-permitted ones, Erythrosine (E127) and Red 2G (E128), were determined using 24-h dietary recall questionnaires. Artificial color additives in 839 food products were divided into nine categories, including biscuits, cakes, chocolates, chips, ice cream, juices and drinks, candy, jelly, and chewing gum, are determined using high performance liquid chromatography and diode array detector. The results indicated a high intake of juices and drinks, ice cream, and cakes, but low consumption of chewing gum among school-going children. Among the permitted artificial food color additives, Brilliant Blue (E133) (54.1%) and Tartrazine (E102) (42.3%) were the most commonly used. Sunset Yellow (E110) in one chocolate sample, Tartrazine (E102) and Sunset Yellow (E110) in one and two juice and drink samples, respectively, and Brilliant Blue (E133) in two candy samples exceeded the permitted level. Therefore, further investigations are needed to provide insights into the possible adverse health effects of high intake of these additives in artificial food coloring on the test population are warranted. CI - (c) 2020 The Author(s). FAU - Asif Ahmed, Mohammed AU - Asif Ahmed M AD - Department Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al-Khalifa, Abdulrahman S AU - Al-Khalifa AS AD - Department Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Al-Nouri, Doha M AU - Al-Nouri DM AD - Department Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. FAU - El-Din, Mohamed Fekry Serag AU - El-Din MFS AD - Department Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Menoufa University, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200821 PL - Saudi Arabia TA - Saudi J Biol Sci JT - Saudi journal of biological sciences JID - 101543796 PMC - PMC7783677 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial food color additives OT - Dietary intake OT - Food products OT - School-going children OT - Sunset Yellow OT - Tartrazine COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/01/12 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/12 06:01 PMCR- 2020/08/21 CRDT- 2021/01/11 05:35 PHST- 2020/05/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/08/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/01/11 05:35 [entrez] PHST- 2021/01/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1319-562X(20)30372-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.025 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Jan;28(1):27-34. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.025. Epub 2020 Aug 21. PMID- 33424067 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220425 IS - 0167-4544 (Print) IS - 1573-0697 (Electronic) IS - 0167-4544 (Linking) VI - 176 IP - 2 DP - 2022 TI - Legitimacy and Cosmopolitanism: Online Public Debates on (Corporate) Responsibility. PG - 227-240 LID - 10.1007/s10551-020-04703-1 [doi] AB - Social media platforms have been vested with hope for their potential to enable 'ordinary citizens' to make their judgments public and contribute to pluralized discussions about organizations and their perceived legitimacy (Etter et al. in Bus Soc 57(1):60-97, 2018). This raises questions about how ordinary citizens make judgements and voice them in online spaces. This paper addresses these questions by examining how Western citizens ascribe responsibility and action in relation to corporate misconduct. Empirically, it focuses on modern slavery and analyses online debates in Denmark on child slavery in the cocoa industry. Conceptually, it introduces the notion of cosmopolitanism as a general disposition of care and responsibility towards distant others, conceived as a prerequisite for the critical evaluation of corporate (ir)responsibility in the Global South. The analysis of online debates shows that citizens debate child slavery in terms of individual consumer responsibility rather than corporate responsibility. Corporations are not considered potential agents of change. As a consequence, online citizen debates did not reflect a legitimacy crisis for the cocoa industry, as debates over responsibility were overwhelmingly concerned with the agency of the Western individual, the individual agency of the speakers themselves. Participants in debates understood their agency strictly as consumer agency. CI - (c) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. part of Springer Nature 2021. FAU - Vestergaard, Anne AU - Vestergaard A AD - Department of Management, Society and Communication, Copenhagen Business School, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. GRID: grid.4655.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 0417 0154 FAU - Uldam, Julie AU - Uldam J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2048-5933 AD - Department of Management, Society and Communication, Copenhagen Business School, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. GRID: grid.4655.2. ISNI: 0000 0004 0417 0154 LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210105 PL - Netherlands TA - J Bus Ethics JT - Journal of business ethics : JBE JID - 100972154 PMC - PMC7782051 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cosmopolitanism OT - Legitimacy OT - Social media COIS- Conflict of interestThe authors have no conflict of interests relating to this article. EDAT- 2021/01/12 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/12 06:01 PMCR- 2021/01/05 CRDT- 2021/01/11 05:34 PHST- 2019/12/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/12/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/01/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/11 05:34 [entrez] PHST- 2021/01/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 4703 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10551-020-04703-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Bus Ethics. 2022;176(2):227-240. doi: 10.1007/s10551-020-04703-1. Epub 2021 Jan 5. PMID- 33389083 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210714 LR - 20261012 IS - 1436-6215 (Electronic) IS - 1436-6207 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 5 DP - 2021 Aug TI - Dietary intakes, sources, and determinants of free sugars amongst Lebanese children and adolescents: findings from two national surveys. PG - 2655-2669 LID - 10.1007/s00394-020-02444-5 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To determine the intake levels, dietary sources, and determinants of free sugars (FS) consumption amongst Lebanese children and adolescents. METHODS: This study is based on data collected by two national cross-sectional surveys conducted on representative samples of Lebanese children: survey 1 (under-five years (U5) children) (n = 899) and survey 2 (5-18 years-old children) (n = 1133). Multi-component questionnaires were used for data collection. Dietary intakes were assessed using one 24 h dietary recall. Median daily intakes of FS, and percent contribution of various food groups to FS intake were compared between sex and age groups. Logistic regressions were conducted to explore the determinants of high FS intake (> 10% energy intake/d), as per the WHO recommendations. RESULTS: Median contribution of FS to daily energy intake was 8.5% in U5 children and 11.9% amongst those aged 5-18 years old. The top contributors to FS in both surveys were sugar-sweetened beverages and biscuits and chocolates. The proportion of children and adolescents exceeding WHO upper limits for FS was estimated at 43 and 62% in survey 1 and survey 2, respectively. Regression models showed females, higher household monthly incomes and higher parental educational levels were associated with significantly lower odds of exceeding the WHO upper limit for FS. CONCLUSION: The study showed that a high proportion of Lebanese children and adolescents exceeded the WHO upper limit for FS intake, while also documenting a socioeconomic gradient in FS intake. Findings call for devising food system-based interventions to help reduce FS intake in this nutritionally vulnerable age group. CI - (c) 2021. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Jomaa, Lamis AU - Jomaa L AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon. FAU - Hamamji, Samer AU - Hamamji S AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon. FAU - Kharroubi, Samer AU - Kharroubi S AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon. FAU - Diab-El-Harakeh, Marwa AU - Diab-El-Harakeh M AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon. FAU - Al Zahraa Chokor, Fatima AU - Al Zahraa Chokor F AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon. FAU - Nasreddine, Lara AU - Nasreddine L AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon. ln10@aub.edu.lb. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210102 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Nutr JT - European journal of nutrition JID - 100888704 RN - 0 (Sugars) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Diet MH - Eating MH - *Energy Intake MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - *Sugars OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Children OT - Dietary intakes OT - Food sources OT - Free sugars OT - Lebanon EDAT- 2021/01/04 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/15 06:00 CRDT- 2021/01/03 20:37 PHST- 2020/06/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/11/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/01/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/03 20:37 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00394-020-02444-5 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00394-020-02444-5 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Nutr. 2021 Aug;60(5):2655-2669. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02444-5. Epub 2021 Jan 2. PMID- 33358516 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211117 LR - 20211117 IS - 1878-2620 (Electronic) IS - 1499-4046 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Feb TI - Perceptions About Health, Nutrition Knowledge, and MyPlate Food Categorization Among US Adolescents: A Qualitative Study. PG - 110-119 LID - S1499-4046(20)30717-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.11.008 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To understand how adolescents define related nutrition terms and use food groups to classify commonly consumed foods into the MyPlate food groups. DESIGN: Qualitative study with telephone interviews. SETTING: Houston metropolitan area in Texas. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 21 adolescents from a volunteer database of the research center. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Sociodemographic questions were asked before semiquantitative structured interviews. The interview focused on understanding how adolescents defined health, other nutrition terms, and food groups, and how to use the MyPlate icon in categorizing commonly consumed foods into groups. ANALYSIS: Hybrid thematic approach with inductive and deductive analyses. RESULTS: Adolescents defined being healthy in terms of wellness-type behaviors (eg, diet, physical activity, and sleep). They perceived clear differences between terms such as healthy vs unhealthy food but struggled to define others (eg, energy-dense foods and processed foods). Mixed dishes, hard candies, chocolate chip cookies, and potato chips were the most difficult foods for the adolescents to classify into the MyPlate food groups, whereas apple, lettuce, and milk were easily classified. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Food guidance systems, public health policies, and behavioral nutrition programs targeting adolescents might use health and nutrition terms and prescriptive food categories more clearly understood by adolescents. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Barco Leme, Ana Carolina AU - Barco Leme AC AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Pinheiros, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Excellence Nutrition and Feeding Difficulties Center, PENSI Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: acarol.leme@gmail.com. FAU - Fisberg, Regina Mara AU - Fisberg RM AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Pinheiros, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Baranowski, Tom AU - Baranowski T AD - Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. FAU - Nicklas, Theresa AU - Nicklas T AD - Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. FAU - Callender, Chishinga S AU - Callender CS AD - Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. FAU - Kasam, Annie AU - Kasam A AD - Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. FAU - Tucunduva Philippi, Sonia AU - Tucunduva Philippi S AD - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Pinheiros, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Thompson, Debbe AU - Thompson D AD - Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20201224 PL - United States TA - J Nutr Educ Behav JT - Journal of nutrition education and behavior JID - 101132622 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - *Diet MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Humans MH - *Nutritional Status MH - Perception MH - Qualitative Research MH - United States OTO - NOTNLM OT - MyPlate OT - adolescents OT - food policy OT - health OT - nutrition OT - qualitative research EDAT- 2020/12/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/18 06:00 CRDT- 2020/12/28 10:36 PHST- 2020/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/11/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/11/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/12/28 10:36 [entrez] AID - S1499-4046(20)30717-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.11.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr Educ Behav. 2021 Feb;53(2):110-119. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.11.008. Epub 2020 Dec 24. PMID- 33338905 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210514 LR - 20220302 IS - 1873-6327 (Electronic) IS - 0306-4603 (Print) IS - 0306-4603 (Linking) VI - 114 DP - 2021 Mar TI - The impact of flavored ENDS use among adolescents on daily use occasions and number of puffs, and next day intentions and willingness to vape. PG - 106773 LID - S0306-4603(20)30902-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106773 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The FDA's policies restricting sale of sweet flavored cartridge-based and disposable electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) comprise important steps toward curbing adolescent ENDS use. However, additional evidence is needed about the contribution of specific flavors to adolescents' ENDS use. This study investigated the effects of flavor use on same day vaping behaviors, and next day intentions and willingness. METHODS: We collected ecological momentary assessments (EMA) from 50 adolescent past two-week vapers (ages 14-17) over 14 days. Daily EMA data were collected on vaping occasions, total puffs, vaping intentions, vaping willingness, and flavor used. RESULTS: On average, data were obtained on 13.4 days per participant (670 observations). Participants vaped flavors on 87% of days (fruit = 55%; mint = 30%; tobacco = 6%; menthol = 5%, and candy, sweets, or chocolate = 5%). On days when participants vaped fruit flavors, they took more puffs (r = 0.13, p = .030). On days when they vaped tobacco flavor, they reported more vaping occasions (r = 0.20, p = .005) and more puffs (r = 0.15, p = .033). On days when they vaped because of flavor appeal, they reported more vaping occasions (r = 0.19, p = .001) and more puffs (r = 0.24, p < .001). On days when they vaped menthol flavor, they were less likely to report willingness to vape the next day (r = -0.14, p = .042). Adolescents who reported vaping due to flavor appeal were more likely to report intentions (OR = 5.63, p = .035) and willingness to vape the next day (r = 0.23, p < .001) CONCLUSION: These findings provide additional support for policies restricting the sale of flavored ENDS products to adolescents. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Abadi, Melissa H AU - Abadi MH AD - Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, One Riverfront Plaza, Suite 2100, 401 West Main Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. Electronic address: mabadi@pire.org. FAU - Lipperman-Kreda, Sharon AU - Lipperman-Kreda S AD - Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, USA. FAU - Shamblen, Stephen R AU - Shamblen SR AD - Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Louisville, USA. FAU - Thompson, Kirsten AU - Thompson K AD - Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Louisville, USA. FAU - Grube, Joel W AU - Grube JW AD - Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, USA. FAU - Leventhal, Adam M AU - Leventhal AM AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. FAU - Luseno, Winnie AU - Luseno W AD - Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Louisville, USA. FAU - Aramburu, Camila AU - Aramburu C AD - Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Louisville, USA. LA - eng GR - K24 DA048160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States GR - P60 AA006282/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States GR - R03 DA041899/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201207 PL - England TA - Addict Behav JT - Addictive behaviors JID - 7603486 RN - 0 (Flavoring Agents) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems MH - Flavoring Agents MH - Humans MH - Intention MH - *Tobacco Products MH - *Vaping PMC - PMC7785609 MID - NIHMS1652692 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - E-cigarettes OT - ENDS OT - Ecological momentary assessment OT - Flavors OT - Nicotine EDAT- 2020/12/19 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/15 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/01 CRDT- 2020/12/18 20:15 PHST- 2020/09/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/11/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/12/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/12/18 20:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0306-4603(20)30902-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106773 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Addict Behav. 2021 Mar;114:106773. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106773. Epub 2020 Dec 7. PMID- 33329255 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231104 IS - 1664-1078 (Print) IS - 1664-1078 (Electronic) IS - 1664-1078 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2020 TI - Pragmatics in the False-Belief Task: Let the Robot Ask the Question! PG - 593807 LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.593807 [doi] LID - 593807 AB - The poor performances of typically developing children younger than 4 in the first-order false-belief task "Maxi and the chocolate" is analyzed from the perspective of conversational pragmatics. An ambiguous question asked by an adult experimenter (perceived as a teacher) can receive different interpretations based on a search for relevance, by which children according to their age attribute different intentions to the questioner, within the limits of their own meta-cognitive knowledge. The adult experimenter tells the child the following story of object-transfer: "Maxi puts his chocolate into the green cupboard before going out to play. In his absence, his mother moves the chocolate from the green cupboard to the blue one." The child must then predict where Maxi will pick up the chocolate when he returns. To the child, the question from an adult (a knowledgeable person) may seem surprising and can be understood as a question of his own knowledge of the world, rather than on Maxi's mental representations. In our study, without any modification of the initial task, we disambiguate the context of the question by (1) replacing the adult experimenter with a humanoid robot presented as "ignorant" and "slow" but trying to learn and (2) placing the child in the role of a "mentor" (the knowledgeable person). Sixty-two typical children of 3 years-old completed the first-order false belief task "Maxi and the chocolate," either with a human or with a robot. Results revealed a significantly higher success rate in the robot condition than in the human condition. Thus, young children seem to fail because of the pragmatic difficulty of the first-order task, which causes a difference of interpretation between the young child and the experimenter. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Baratgin, Dubois-Sage, Jacquet, Stilgenbauer and Jamet. FAU - Baratgin, Jean AU - Baratgin J AD - Laboratoire Cognition Humaine et Artificielle, Universite Paris 8, Paris, France. AD - Probability, Assessment, Reasoning and Inferences Studies (P-A-R-I-S) Association, Paris, France. FAU - Dubois-Sage, Marion AU - Dubois-Sage M AD - Laboratoire Cognition Humaine et Artificielle, Universite Paris 8, Paris, France. AD - Probability, Assessment, Reasoning and Inferences Studies (P-A-R-I-S) Association, Paris, France. FAU - Jacquet, Baptiste AU - Jacquet B AD - Laboratoire Cognition Humaine et Artificielle, Universite Paris 8, Paris, France. AD - Probability, Assessment, Reasoning and Inferences Studies (P-A-R-I-S) Association, Paris, France. FAU - Stilgenbauer, Jean-Louis AU - Stilgenbauer JL AD - Laboratoire Cognition Humaine et Artificielle, Universite Paris 8, Paris, France. AD - Probability, Assessment, Reasoning and Inferences Studies (P-A-R-I-S) Association, Paris, France. AD - Facultes Libres de Philosophie et de Psychologie (IPC), Paris, France. FAU - Jamet, Frank AU - Jamet F AD - Laboratoire Cognition Humaine et Artificielle, Universite Paris 8, Paris, France. AD - Probability, Assessment, Reasoning and Inferences Studies (P-A-R-I-S) Association, Paris, France. AD - CY Cergy-Paris Universite, ESPE de Versailles, Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201123 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Psychol JT - Frontiers in psychology JID - 101550902 PMC - PMC7719623 OTO - NOTNLM OT - first-order false belief task OT - human robot interaction OT - humanoid robot OT - ignorant robot OT - mentor-child context OT - pragmatics OT - preschool children OT - theory of mind EDAT- 2020/12/18 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/18 06:01 PMCR- 2020/11/23 CRDT- 2020/12/17 05:49 PHST- 2020/08/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/10/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/17 05:49 [entrez] PHST- 2020/12/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/18 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.593807 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Psychol. 2020 Nov 23;11:593807. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.593807. eCollection 2020. PMID- 33265948 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210503 LR - 20210503 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 12 DP - 2020 Nov 30 TI - Effect of Cocoa and Cocoa Products on Cognitive Performance in Young Adults. LID - 10.3390/nu12123691 [doi] LID - 3691 AB - Increasing evidence support a beneficial role of cocoa and cocoa products on human cognition, particularly in aging populations and patients at risk. However, thorough reviews on the efficacy of cocoa on brain processes in young adults do not exist precisely due to the limited number of studies in the matter. Thus, the aim of this study was to summarize the findings on the acute and chronic effects of cocoa administration on cognitive functions and brain health in young adults. Web of Science and PubMed databases were used to search for relevant trials. Human randomized controlled studies were selected according to PRISMA guidelines. Eleven intervention studies that involved a total of 366 participants investigating the role of cocoa on cognitive performance in children and young adults (average age 0.05). CONCLUSION: Although erosive lesions were limited to the enamel, the prevalence of erosion was high. Erosion was statistically significantly associated with older age, elevated BMI, consumption of certain beverages, and fruit. FAU - Korkmaz, Elif AU - Korkmaz E FAU - Kaptan, Arife AU - Kaptan A LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201027 PL - Germany TA - Oral Health Prev Dent JT - Oral health & preventive dentistry JID - 101167768 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Aged MH - Beverages MH - Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Humans MH - Prevalence MH - *Tooth Erosion/epidemiology/etiology MH - Turkey/epidemiology PMC - PMC11654596 OTO - NOTNLM OT - O'Sullivan's erosion index OT - aetiological OT - dental erosion OT - paediatric dentistry OT - prevalence EDAT- 2020/11/21 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/24 06:00 PMCR- 2020/10/27 CRDT- 2020/11/20 08:10 PHST- 2020/11/20 08:10 [entrez] PHST- 2020/11/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 842375 [pii] AID - 3290 [pii] AID - 10.3290/j.ohpd.a45436 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Oral Health Prev Dent. 2020 Oct 27;18(4):959-971. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a45436. PMID- 33199244 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220321 LR - 20220321 IS - 1878-7541 (Electronic) IS - 1550-8307 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan-Feb TI - Does antioxidant-rich diet during pregnancy protect against atopic multimorbidity in children? PG - 96-99 LID - S1550-8307(20)30371-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.explore.2020.11.001 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Genetics and prenatal environmental exposures are indicated in the complex etiopathogenesis and clinical expression of atopic diseases. This study examined the clinical features of infantile-onset atopic dermatitis (AD) in relation to maternal diet during pregnancy. METHODS: Maternal dietary habits were evaluated in terms of the frequency of intake of six different food categories rich in antioxidants or omega-3 fatty acids. RESULTS: One hundred mother-child pairs were recruited, 47 infants (<12 months) and 53 children aged 12-36 months. Forty-six of the children had mild, 41 moderate and 13 severe AD. The other atopic manifestations (alone or associated) included: asthma in 9 cases, allergic rhinitis in 22 cases and food allergy in 33 cases. The presence of asthma in children was significantly associated with a lower level of maternal dietary intake of fruits and vegetables as well as chocolate confectionery, while associations with whole grain breakfast cereals, nuts and seeds, non-alcoholic beverages (coffee, tea, fruit juices) and fish and fish products, were not statistically significant. The age of onset and severity of infantile-onset AD were not linked to any of the food categories considered for analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Healthy diet in pregnant women that is rich especially in antioxidants may provide protection against atopic comorbidities of AD. Further prospective reasearch on the role of maternal diet in primary prevention of atopic diseases is warranted. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Milewska-Wrobel, Dorota AU - Milewska-Wrobel D AD - School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Chair and Department of Dermatology, Francuska 20/24, 40-027 Katowice, Poland. FAU - Lis-Swiety, Anna AU - Lis-Swiety A AD - School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Chair and Department of Dermatology, Francuska 20/24, 40-027 Katowice, Poland. Electronic address: alis-swiety@sum.edu.pl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201112 PL - United States TA - Explore (NY) JT - Explore (New York, N.Y.) JID - 101233160 RN - 0 (Antioxidants) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antioxidants MH - *Dermatitis, Atopic/epidemiology/etiology/prevention & control MH - Diet MH - Female MH - *Food Hypersensitivity/etiology/prevention & control MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Multimorbidity MH - Pregnancy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asthma OT - Atopic dermatitis OT - Diet OT - Pregnancy OT - Primary prevention COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest None. EDAT- 2020/11/18 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/22 06:00 CRDT- 2020/11/17 05:53 PHST- 2020/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/11/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/11/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/11/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/17 05:53 [entrez] AID - S1550-8307(20)30371-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.explore.2020.11.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Explore (NY). 2022 Jan-Feb;18(1):96-99. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.11.001. Epub 2020 Nov 12. PMID- 33196083 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211125 LR - 20211125 IS - 1532-4796 (Electronic) IS - 0883-6612 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 8 DP - 2021 Jul 22 TI - Can Visual Cues to Portion Size Reduce the Number of Portions of Consumed? Two Randomized Controlled Trials. PG - 746-757 LID - 10.1093/abm/kaaa098 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Since 1950, the portion size of many snack foods has more than doubled and obesity rates have tripled. Portion size determines energy intake, often unwittingly. PURPOSE: This paper tests whether salient visual cues to portion size on the packaging of high fat, sugar, or salty (HFSS) snacks can reduce consumption. METHODS: Two preregistered randomized controlled trials (N = 253 and N = 674) measured consumption in a lab and the home environment. Cues were salient, labeled stripes that demarcated single portions. Participants were randomized to cue condition or control. Consumption was measured without awareness. RESULTS: The main preregistered effect of the visual cue was not statistically significant. There was some variation by subgroup. In Study 1, men were more likely to eat the whole can of potato chips than women but significantly reduced consumption when visual cues were on the pack. The effect size was large: the number of men eating more than the recommended portion fell by 33%. Study 2 monitored household consumption of chocolate biscuits (cookies) sent to family homes in gift packs. Again, the main effect was nonsignificant but there was significant subgroup variation. When the person receiving the biscuits was female, households were more likely to eat more than the recommended portion per person per day, but less likely when the visual cues were displayed. The gender of the eaters was not known. The effect size was again large: the number of households eating more than the recommended portion fell by 26%. Households with children were also less likely to open packs with visual cues compared to control packs. Both studies recorded significant increases in the likelihood of observing serving size information, together with confusion about what it means. CONCLUSIONS: The studies offer some evidence that salient visual cues could play a role in tackling the high consumption of unhealthy snacks, but the effects are confined to specific subgroups and warrant further investigation. CI - (c) Society of Behavioral Medicine 2020. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Robertson, Deirdre A AU - Robertson DA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2829-1722 AD - Behavioural Research Unit, Economic and Social Reserach Institute, Dublin, Ireland. AD - School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Lavin, Ciaran AU - Lavin C AD - Behavioural Research Unit, Economic and Social Reserach Institute, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Lunn, Peter D AU - Lunn PD AD - Behavioural Research Unit, Economic and Social Reserach Institute, Dublin, Ireland. AD - Department of Economics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Ann Behav Med JT - Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine JID - 8510246 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Cues MH - Eating/psychology MH - Female MH - *Food Labeling MH - Humans MH - Ireland MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Portion Size/*psychology MH - Serving Size/*psychology MH - *Snacks OTO - NOTNLM OT - HFSS OT - Labeling OT - Obesity OT - Portion size OT - Snack consumption OT - Visual cues EDAT- 2020/11/17 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/26 06:00 CRDT- 2020/11/16 08:57 PHST- 2020/11/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/16 08:57 [entrez] AID - 5983317 [pii] AID - 10.1093/abm/kaaa098 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Behav Med. 2021 Jul 22;55(8):746-757. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaaa098. PMID- 33151820 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210630 LR - 20210630 IS - 1944-0057 (Electronic) IS - 1944-0057 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jan TI - Chronic dietary exposure to nickel from selected foods consumed in Belgium. PG - 95-112 LID - 10.1080/19440049.2020.1833088 [doi] AB - The risk assessment conducted by the European Food Safety Authority stated some concerns regarding the chronic exposure of the European population to nickel due to food intake. This study aimed to evaluate the extent of the Belgian population's exposure to nickel via intake of different foods/drinks available in their market. Ni concentrations were measured in selected foods consumed in Belgium, and exposures from this limited group of foods were estimated for consumers of these foods. Legumes, soy products, breakfast cereals, and chocolate spreads were responsible for 26%, 14%, 11% and 8% of the overall exposure (overall chronic exposure through consuming all the included food types in this study except tap water) of children (3-9 years) to nickel. For adolescents (10-17 years), the highest percentage of overall chronic exposure again originated from legumes (19%). This was followed by breakfast cereals (14%), soy products (11%) and chocolate spreads (11%). For adults (18-64 years), major contributors to the overall chronic daily exposure were legumes (16%), dark chocolate (15%) and breakfast cereals (10%). The aggregate exposure assessment, including the highest contaminated foods, for different sub-populations, revealed mean exposure levels of 1.02, 0.60 and 0.34 mug kg(-1) b.w. day(-1) for children, adolescents, and adults respectively. The mean, P75, P90 and P95 values for aggregate chronic exposure of the overall consumer's population were 0.62, 0.80, 1.5 and 210 mug kg(-1) b.w. day(-1) respectively. This study recommends controlling the intake of food products with elevated nickel content especially for the more vulnerable sub-population groups such as children with lower body weight and nickel sensitised individuals. It also demonstrates a shift in potential risk on human health to nickel exposure due to the transition towards a more plant-based diet. FAU - Babaahmadifooladi, Mehrnoosh AU - Babaahmadifooladi M AD - Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Jacxsens, Liesbeth AU - Jacxsens L AD - Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201105 PL - England TA - Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess JT - Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment JID - 101485040 RN - 7OV03QG267 (Nickel) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Belgium MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Dietary Exposure/adverse effects/*analysis MH - Female MH - *Food Analysis MH - Food Contamination/*analysis MH - Food Safety MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Nickel/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*analysis MH - Risk Assessment MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aggregate exposure OT - exposure assessment OT - food intake OT - metals OT - nickel OT - plant-based diet EDAT- 2020/11/06 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/01 06:00 CRDT- 2020/11/05 17:12 PHST- 2020/11/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/05 17:12 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/19440049.2020.1833088 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2021 Jan;38(1):95-112. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1833088. Epub 2020 Nov 5. PMID- 33142988 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210408 LR - 20210408 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 11 DP - 2020 Oct 30 TI - Effects of Advertising on Food Consumption Preferences in Children. LID - 10.3390/nu12113337 [doi] LID - 3337 AB - (1) Background: Childhood obesity is a public health problem. The purpose of this study was to know if exposure to commercial messages which advertise food products exerts any effect on the short-term consumption preferences of 4- to 6-year-old children. (2) Methods: A double-blind and randomized experimental design. Sample consisted of 421 boys and girls from twelve schools in a city in Spain. (3) Results: In three of the four product pairs shown, the products advertised in the intervention were preferred. In the results of applying the model for the first product pair presented, sugared cereals, the predictive variable which best explains the behavior of the preferences expressed is gender (Odds Ratio 0.285 (0.19-0.42); p < 0.05). For the second pair, chocolate cookies, the family's nationality has a strong weight in the model. As regards the regression model calculated for the last pair (filled rolls), the predictive variable which showed having more influence was gender. Boys had a 1.39 times higher risk of selecting the advertised product than girls. (4) Conclusions: The persuasive effect of commercials has shown to be influential in a general, immediate, and significant way only in the case of products with wide brand awareness. This study reinforces the importance of advertising and emphasizes the need to initiate measures to control the content of TV commercials. FAU - Ponce-Blandon, Jose Antonio AU - Ponce-Blandon JA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1422-7807 AD - Red Cross Nursing School, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain. FAU - Pabon-Carrasco, Manuel AU - Pabon-Carrasco M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9011-3695 AD - Red Cross Nursing School, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain. FAU - Romero-Castillo, Rocio AU - Romero-Castillo R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9199-030X AD - Red Cross Nursing School, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain. FAU - Romero-Martin, Macarena AU - Romero-Martin M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3022-3339 AD - Red Cross Nursing School, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain. FAU - Jimenez-Picon, Nerea AU - Jimenez-Picon N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8251-0642 AD - Red Cross Nursing School, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain. FAU - Lomas-Campos, Maria de Las Mercedes AU - Lomas-Campos MLM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9996-398X AD - Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20201030 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - *Advertising MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - *Food Preferences MH - Humans MH - Logistic Models MH - Male PMC - PMC7693043 OTO - NOTNLM OT - advertising OT - child behavior OT - fast foods OT - food preferences OT - food publicity COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/11/05 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/10 06:00 PMCR- 2020/11/01 CRDT- 2020/11/04 01:02 PHST- 2020/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/10/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/10/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/11/04 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2020/11/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu12113337 [pii] AID - nutrients-12-03337 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu12113337 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2020 Oct 30;12(11):3337. doi: 10.3390/nu12113337. PMID- 33125403 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210106 LR - 20210106 IS - 1935-2735 (Electronic) IS - 1935-2727 (Print) IS - 1935-2727 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 10 DP - 2020 Oct TI - Patients with skin smear positive leprosy in Bangladesh are the main risk factor for leprosy development: 21-year follow-up in the household contact study (COCOA). PG - e0008687 LID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008687 [doi] LID - e0008687 AB - BACKGROUND: Leprosy transmission is ongoing; globally and within Bangladesh. Household contacts of leprosy cases are at increased risk of leprosy development. Identification of household contacts at highest risk would optimize this process. METHODS: The temporal pattern of new case presentation amongst household contacts was documented in the COCOA (Contact Cohort Analysis) study. The COCOA study actively examined household contacts of confirmed leprosy index cases identified in 1995, and 2000-2014, to provide evidence for timings of contact examination policies. Data was available on 9527 index cases and 38303 household contacts. 666 household contacts were diagnosed with leprosy throughout the follow-up (maximum follow-up of 21 years). Risk factors for leprosy development within the data analysed, were identified using Cox proportional hazard regression. FINDINGS: The dominant risk factor for household contacts developing leprosy was having a highly skin smear positive index case in the household. As the grading of initial slit skin smear of the index case increased from negative to high positive (4-6), the hazard of their associated household contacts developing leprosy increases by 3.14 times (p<0.001). Being a blood relative was not a risk factor, no gender differences in susceptibility were found. INTERPRETATION: We found a dominance of a single variable predicting risk for leprosy transmission-skin smear positive index cases. A small number of cases are maintaining transmission in the household setting. Focus should be performing contact examinations on these households and detecting new skin smear positive index cases. Conducting slit-skin smears on new cases is needed for predicting risk; such services need supporting. If skin smear positive cases are sustaining leprosy infection within the household setting, the administration of single-dose rifampicin (SDR) to household contacts as the sole intervention in Bangladesh will not be effective. FAU - Quilter, Emily E V AU - Quilter EEV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1302-9059 AD - Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel street, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Butlin, C Ruth AU - Butlin CR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7008-5263 AD - The Leprosy Mission England and Wales, Peterborough, United Kingdom. AD - The Leprosy Mission International, Nilphamari, Bangladesh. FAU - Singh, Surendra AU - Singh S AD - The Leprosy Mission International, Nilphamari, Bangladesh. FAU - Alam, Khorshed AU - Alam K AD - The Leprosy Mission International, Nilphamari, Bangladesh. FAU - Lockwood, Diana N J AU - Lockwood DNJ AD - Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel street, London, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201030 PL - United States TA - PLoS Negl Trop Dis JT - PLoS neglected tropical diseases JID - 101291488 RN - 0 (Leprostatic Agents) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Bangladesh/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Contact Tracing MH - *Family Characteristics MH - Female MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Leprostatic Agents/therapeutic use MH - Leprosy/*diagnosis/epidemiology/*transmission MH - Male MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC7598483 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2020/10/31 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/07 06:00 PMCR- 2020/10/30 CRDT- 2020/10/30 17:13 PHST- 2020/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/30 17:13 [entrez] PHST- 2020/10/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PNTD-D-20-00906 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008687 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020 Oct 30;14(10):e0008687. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008687. eCollection 2020 Oct. PMID- 33099391 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210923 LR - 20210923 IS - 1529-1774 (Electronic) IS - 1087-0024 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Nov TI - A Botanical Compound for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata and Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia. PG - S69-S70 LID - S1087-0024(20)30009-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jisp.2020.04.009 [doi] AB - Legacy Healthcare has developed and patented a topical botanical with a unique mechanism of action, an extensive clinical data package, and excellent safety from the 2.2 million units already sold, all of which has enabled it to enter late-stage clinical development for alopecia areata (AA), chemotherapy-induced alopecia, and soon female androgenetic alopecia. As this drug candidate is very safe, the European Medicines Agency agreed to Legacy Healthcare's request to initiate late-stage clinical trial first in children, the neediest population suffering from AA. The initial trend from the phase II/III trial conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of the drug candidate in pediatric AA (RAAINBOW trial) looks promising, although no conclusions can be made. This drug candidate seems to offer several potential safety and economic advantages over other investigational synthetic and biologic compounds currently being investigated in populations with AA overall and especially for children. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Patsner, Bruce AU - Patsner B AD - Legacy Healthcare, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: b.patsner@legacyhealthcare.ch. FAU - Harti, Saad AU - Harti S AD - Legacy Healthcare, Lausanne, Switzerland. LA - eng GR - R13 AR074890/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - United States TA - J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc JT - The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings JID - 9609059 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Plant Extracts) SB - IM MH - Alopecia/chemically induced/drug therapy MH - Alopecia Areata/*drug therapy MH - Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects MH - Cacao MH - Citrus MH - Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic MH - Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic MH - Humans MH - Onions MH - Paullinia MH - *Phytotherapy MH - Plant Extracts/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic EDAT- 2020/10/26 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/24 06:00 CRDT- 2020/10/25 20:11 PHST- 2020/10/25 20:11 [entrez] PHST- 2020/10/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/24 06:00 [medline] AID - S1087-0024(20)30009-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jisp.2020.04.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2020 Nov;20(1):S69-S70. doi: 10.1016/j.jisp.2020.04.009. PMID- 33091327 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211101 LR - 20211101 IS - 1744-1706 (Electronic) IS - 1744-1692 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Nov TI - Implementing a One Health village volunteer programme in West Sulawesi, Indonesia: A pilot study. PG - 1741-1756 LID - 10.1080/17441692.2020.1836247 [doi] AB - ABSTRACTA pilot village volunteer programme (VVP) was implemented to produce new knowledge about the extent to which 24 trained village volunteers, taking an integrated One Health approach, could assist their communities by disseminating information on better agricultural and health practices. Just prior to the six-month pilot, the volunteers were mentored in a four-day training programme by local agricultural extension and public health experts. On returning to their villages, contacts and activities by volunteers with local community members were monitored using a CommCare application, enabling uploaded data to be accessed in real-time. The six volunteers in each village coordinated activities to address concerns of households. The VVP resulted in 960 actions (356 agricultural; 604 health), helping in 97% of contacts, most (55-61%) by providing information and others by advising community members where appropriate information could be sourced. Focus group meetings with village leaders, community health staff and local extension officers supported continuation of the VVP through local funding. Six months after the pilot, volunteers were continuing their activities and assisting with other government measures, such as district programmes to reduce childhood stunting and improve waste disposal. Community empowerment using local human resources is sustainable and could be supportive in government programmes. FAU - Walton, Merrilyn AU - Walton M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1739-614X AD - Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Arsyad, Dian Sidik AU - Arsyad DS AD - Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. FAU - Alimuddin, Sarina AU - Alimuddin S AD - Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. AD - SKM Petugas Promosi Kesehatan di Puskesmas Massenga Polewali Mandar Sulawesi Barat, Polewali Mandar, Indonesia. FAU - Arundhana, Andi Imam AU - Arundhana AI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9926-6604 AD - Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. FAU - Guest, David AU - Guest D AD - School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. FAU - McMahon, Peter AU - McMahon P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4947-2952 AD - School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Doel, Rauf AU - Doel R AD - BDSP WASIAT dan Koperasi Mitra Agribisnis Mandiri, Wonomulyo, Indonesia. FAU - Nasir, Sudirman AU - Nasir S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9735-1178 AD - Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20201022 PL - England TA - Glob Public Health JT - Global public health JID - 101256323 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Health Promotion MH - Humans MH - Indonesia MH - *One Health MH - Pilot Projects MH - Volunteers OTO - NOTNLM OT - Indonesia OT - One Health OT - Volunteers OT - cocoa OT - empowerment OT - health OT - prevention EDAT- 2020/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/03 06:00 CRDT- 2020/10/22 20:10 PHST- 2020/10/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/22 20:10 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/17441692.2020.1836247 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Glob Public Health. 2021 Nov;16(11):1741-1756. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2020.1836247. Epub 2020 Oct 22. PMID- 33076399 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210419 LR - 20240330 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 10 DP - 2020 Oct 15 TI - A 3 Year Longitudinal Prospective Review Examining the Dietary Profile and Contribution Made by Special Low Protein Foods to Energy and Macronutrient Intake in Children with Phenylketonuria. LID - 10.3390/nu12103153 [doi] LID - 3153 AB - The nutritional composition of special low protein foods (SLPFs) is controlled under EU legislation for 'Foods for Special Medical Purposes (FSMP)'. They are designed to meet the energy needs of patients unable to eat a normal protein containing diet. In phenylketonuria (PKU), the macronutrient contribution of SLPFs has been inadequately examined. AIM: A 3-year longitudinal prospective study investigating the contribution of SLPFs to the macronutrient intake of children with early treated PKU. METHODS: 48 children (27 boys) with a mean recruitment age of 9.3 y were studied. Semi-quantitative dietary assessments and food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) were collected three to four times/year for 3 years. RESULTS: The mean energy intake provided by SLPFs was 33% (SD +/- 8), and this figure was 42% (SD +/- 13) for normal food and 21% (SD +/- 5) for protein substitutes (PS). SLPFs supplied a mean intake of 40% carbohydrate (SD +/- 10), 51% starch (SD +/- 18), 21% sugar (SD +/- 8), and 38% fat (SD +/- 13). Fibre intake met 83% of the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) reference value, with 50% coming from SLPFs with added gums and hydrocolloids. Low protein bread, pasta and milk provided the highest energy contribution, and the intake of sweet SLPFs (e.g., biscuits, cakes, and chocolate) was minimal. Children averaged three portions fruit/vegetable daily, and children aged >/= 12 y had irregular meal patterns. CONCLUSION: SLPFs provide essential energy in phenylalanine restricted diets. Optimising the nutritional quality of SLPFs deserves more attention. FAU - Daly, Anne AU - Daly A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2579-8699 AD - Dietetic Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Evans, Sharon AU - Evans S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7654-3621 AD - Dietetic Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Pinto, Alex AU - Pinto A AD - Dietetic Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Ashmore, Catherine AU - Ashmore C AD - Dietetic Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. FAU - Rocha, Julio Cesar AU - Rocha JC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4977-8345 AD - Nutrition and Metabolism, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal. AD - Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal. FAU - MacDonald, Anita AU - MacDonald A AD - Dietetic Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK. LA - eng GR - 001/Vitaflo International Ltd/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201015 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Dietary Proteins) SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/*physiology MH - *Diet, Protein-Restricted MH - Dietary Proteins/*administration & dosage/analysis MH - Eating/*physiology MH - Energy Intake/*physiology MH - Female MH - *Foods, Specialized/analysis MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Nutritional Requirements MH - *Nutritive Value MH - Phenylketonurias/*diet therapy MH - Prospective Studies MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Time Factors PMC - PMC7602523 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PKU OT - glycomacropeptide OT - macronutrient intake OT - phenylketonuria OT - protein substitute OT - special low protein foods COIS- A.D. received research funding from Vitaflo International, financial support from Nutricia, Mevalia and Vitaflo International to attend study days and conferences. SE received research funding from Nutricia, financial support from Nutricia and Vitaflo International to attend study days and conferences. A.P. received an educational grant from Cambrooke Therapeutics and grants from Vitaflo International, Nutricia, Merck Serono, Biomarin and Mevalia to attend scientific meetings. C.A. received honoraria from Nutricia and Vitaflo International to attend study days and conferences. J.C.R. is a member of the European Nutritionist Expert Panel (Biomarin), the Advisory Board for Applied Pharma Research and Nutricia, and received honoraria as a speaker from APR, Merck Serono, Biomarin, Nutricia, Vitaflo, Cambrooke, PIAM and Lifediet. A.M. received research funding and honoraria from Nutricia, Vitaflo International and Merck Serono, and is a Member of European Nutrition Expert Panel (Merck Serono international), a member of Sapropterin Advisory Board (Merck Serono international), and a member of the Advisory Board Element (Danone-Nutricia). The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. EDAT- 2020/10/21 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/20 06:00 PMCR- 2020/10/01 CRDT- 2020/10/20 01:03 PHST- 2020/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/10/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/10/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/20 01:03 [entrez] PHST- 2020/10/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu12103153 [pii] AID - nutrients-12-03153 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu12103153 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2020 Oct 15;12(10):3153. doi: 10.3390/nu12103153. PMID- 33068654 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210607 LR - 20210607 IS - 1873-6351 (Electronic) IS - 0278-6915 (Linking) VI - 146 DP - 2020 Dec TI - Dietary exposure of the Italian population to nickel: The national Total Diet Study. PG - 111813 LID - S0278-6915(20)30703-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111813 [doi] AB - Dietary exposure of the Italian population to nickel has been assessed in the national Total Diet Study (TDS). Occurrence data were combined with national individual consumption data to estimate mean and high level dietary exposure of population subgroups according to age and gender, both at the national level and for the four main geographical areas of Italy. The mean chronic dietary exposure of infants and toddlers, children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly were 4.00, 4.57, 2.57, 1.55, and 1.47 mug/kg bw per day, respectively. These intakes lie in the intermediate range of exposure estimates from TDS carried out in other countries. Main contributors to the total nickel exposure for children and adolescents were 'sweet products' and 'cereals and cereal products'. In adults and the elderly nearly 30% of the exposure was associated to the consumption of 'cereals and cereal products'. Mean and 95th percentile chronic dietary exposure was below the TDI in all age groups. For the risk characterisation of acute oral exposure, exposure data for consumers only in the adult population were compared with the reference point for systemic contact dermatitis. Consumption of 'cocoa', 'chocolate', 'crustaceans and molluscs', 'pulses' had remarkable potential to elicit adverse effects in nickel-sensitised individuals. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Cubadda, Francesco AU - Cubadda F AD - Istituto Superiore di Sanita- Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: francesco.cubadda@iss.it. FAU - Iacoponi, Francesca AU - Iacoponi F AD - Istituto Superiore di Sanita- Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. FAU - Ferraris, Francesca AU - Ferraris F AD - Istituto Superiore di Sanita- Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. FAU - D'Amato, Marilena AU - D'Amato M AD - Istituto Superiore di Sanita- Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. FAU - Aureli, Federica AU - Aureli F AD - Istituto Superiore di Sanita- Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. FAU - Raggi, Andrea AU - Raggi A AD - Istituto Superiore di Sanita- Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. FAU - Sette, Stefania AU - Sette S AD - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA) - Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy. FAU - Turrini, Aida AU - Turrini A AD - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA) - Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy. FAU - Mantovani, Alberto AU - Mantovani A AD - Istituto Superiore di Sanita- Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201015 PL - England TA - Food Chem Toxicol JT - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association JID - 8207483 RN - 7OV03QG267 (Nickel) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Cacao MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Chocolate MH - *Dietary Exposure MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Italy MH - Middle Aged MH - Nickel/*administration & dosage MH - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level MH - Seafood OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exposure assessment OT - Max 6): dietary exposure OT - Nickel OT - Risk assessment OT - Total diet study EDAT- 2020/10/18 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/08 06:00 CRDT- 2020/10/17 20:08 PHST- 2020/09/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/10/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/10/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/17 20:08 [entrez] AID - S0278-6915(20)30703-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111813 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Dec;146:111813. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111813. Epub 2020 Oct 15. PMID- 33050315 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210511 LR - 20210511 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 10 DP - 2020 Oct 9 TI - Effect of Caffeine Consumption on the Risk for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders: Sex Differences in Human. LID - 10.3390/nu12103080 [doi] LID - 3080 AB - Caffeine occurs naturally in various foods, such as coffee, tea, and cocoa, and it has been used safely as a mild stimulant for a long time. However, excessive caffeine consumption (1~1.5 g/day) can cause caffeine poisoning (caffeinism), which includes symptoms such as anxiety, agitation, insomnia, and gastrointestinal disorders. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the effect of caffeine consumption as a protective factor or risk factor for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Currently, the importance of personalized medicine is being emphasized, and research on sex/gender differences needs to be conducted. Our review focuses on the effect of caffeine consumption on several neurological and psychiatric disorders with respect to sex differences to provide a better understanding of caffeine use as a risk or protective factor for those disorders. The findings may help establish new strategies for developing sex-specific caffeine therapies. FAU - Jee, Hye Jin AU - Jee HJ AD - College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea. AD - Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea. FAU - Lee, Sang Goo AU - Lee SG AD - College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea. FAU - Bormate, Katrina Joy AU - Bormate KJ AD - College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea. FAU - Jung, Yi-Sook AU - Jung YS AD - College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea. AD - Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea. LA - eng GR - HI18C0920/Ministry of Health and Welfare/ GR - WISET202003GI01/Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea/ GR - 2018R1D1A1B07048729/Ministry of Education/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20201009 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Caffeine/*administration & dosage/*adverse effects/poisoning/therapeutic use MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Mental Disorders/*etiology/*prevention & control MH - Middle Aged MH - Nervous System Diseases/*etiology/*prevention & control MH - *Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - *Sex Characteristics MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7601837 OTO - NOTNLM OT - caffeine OT - dementia OT - depression OT - neurological and psychiatric disorders OT - sex differences OT - sleep disorder OT - stroke COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/10/15 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/12 06:00 PMCR- 2020/10/01 CRDT- 2020/10/14 01:04 PHST- 2020/08/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/10/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/10/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/14 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2020/10/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu12103080 [pii] AID - nutrients-12-03080 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu12103080 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2020 Oct 9;12(10):3080. doi: 10.3390/nu12103080. PMID- 33047127 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210510 LR - 20210510 IS - 1469-994X (Electronic) IS - 1462-2203 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 4 DP - 2021 Mar 19 TI - Harsh and Sweet Sensations Predict Acute Liking of Electronic Cigarettes, but Flavor Does Not Affect Acute Nicotine Intake: A Pilot Laboratory Study in Men. PG - 687-693 LID - 10.1093/ntr/ntaa209 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Electronic cigarette use is increasing in popularity, and thousands of flavors are available. Adolescent vaping rates in the United States have nearly doubled in the past year. Unlike combustible tobacco, added flavors are not currently regulated for some types of electronic cigarette products. Here, we investigated the role of flavor in electronic cigarette liking and acute intake. METHODS: Men (n = 39) aged 18-45 vaped in a controlled laboratory setting after being randomized to one of four e-liquids: 6 mg nicotine/mL cherry, 18 mg/mL cherry, 6 mg/mL chocolate, or 18 mg/mL chocolate. They completed several questionnaires, and vaped ad libitum for 10 minutes. After the first puff, participants rated sensations (sweetness, bitterness, coolness, harshness/irritation) on general labeled magnitude scales (gLMS) and rated overall liking on a generalized hedonic scale. Once the 10-minute session ended, participants made another set of ratings. RESULTS: Liking was generally stable across the vaping session and liking varied substantially across the four conditions. Across all conditions, sensory ratings predicted liking: harshness/irritation was negatively associated with first puff liking, whereas perceived sweetness was positively associated with first puff liking. First puff liking associated with increased amount of e-liquid vaped, but not total nicotine intake. Participants appeared to titrate their nicotine intake regardless of assigned condition. CONCLUSION: Flavored e-liquids affect acute liking ratings, but not acute nicotine intake. IMPLICATIONS: These data suggest individuals who regularly vape may titrate their nicotine intake, regardless of flavor, and contrary to expectations, acute liking did not predict total nicotine intake. However, more-liked flavors may potentially make higher nicotine levels more tolerable by adding pleasant sensations directly, rather than by perceptual masking that reduces aversive sensations. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Baker, Allison N AU - Baker AN AD - Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. AD - Sensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. FAU - Bakke, Alyssa J AU - Bakke AJ AD - Sensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. AD - Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. FAU - Branstetter, Steven A AU - Branstetter SA AD - Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. FAU - Hayes, John E AU - Hayes JE AD - Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. AD - Sensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. AD - Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PL - England TA - Nicotine Tob Res JT - Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco JID - 9815751 RN - 0 (Flavoring Agents) RN - 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems/statistics & numerical data MH - Flavoring Agents/*administration & dosage MH - Humans MH - Laboratories/*statistics & numerical data MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Nicotine/*administration & dosage MH - Pilot Projects MH - Sensation/*physiology MH - Taste/*physiology MH - Vaping/*epidemiology/psychology MH - Young Adult EDAT- 2020/10/14 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/11 06:00 CRDT- 2020/10/13 05:39 PHST- 2019/10/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/10/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/13 05:39 [entrez] AID - 5921633 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ntr/ntaa209 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nicotine Tob Res. 2021 Mar 19;23(4):687-693. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa209. PMID- 33007981 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210402 LR - 20210402 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 10 DP - 2020 Sep 30 TI - Effects of Interval Jump Rope Exercise Combined with Dark Chocolate Supplementation on Inflammatory Adipokine, Cytokine Concentrations, and Body Composition in Obese Adolescent Boys. LID - 10.3390/nu12103011 [doi] LID - 3011 AB - We examined the effects of six weeks of dark chocolate supplementation combined with interval jump rope exercise (JRE) on inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, and body composition in obese adolescent boys. Forty-eight obese adolescent boys (age = 15.4 +/- 1.1 years and body mass index = 32.2 +/- 2.4 kg/m(2)) were randomly assigned into one of four groups: JRE + white chocolate (JW; n = 13), JRE + dark chocolate supplementation (JD; n = 13), dark chocolate supplementation (DS; n = 12), or control (C; n = 12). Participants in JW and JD groups performed JRE for three times per week for six weeks. Participants in the DS and JD groups consumed 30 g of dark chocolate containing 83% of cocoa. Body composition, pro-inflammatory cytokines ((hs-CRP, TNF-alpha, IL-6), adipokines (leptin, resistin, RBP-4, chemerin, MCP-1), and anti-inflammatory adipokines (irisin, adiponectin)) were evaluated prior to and after the intervention trials. All three intervention trials significantly (p < 0.05) decreased body mass, waist-hip ratio, fat mass, hs-CRP, TNF-alpha, IL-6, leptin, resistin, RBP-4, and MCP-1, and increased irisin and adiponectin concentrations. The improvements in these parameters were greater in the JD group, and additionally, chemerin concentrations decreased only in the JD group. JD enhanced adiponectin concentrations and decreased IL-6 concentrations compared to C. Moreover, JD significantly reduced chemerin concentrations, an effect not observed in any of the other interventions. We demonstrated that dark chocolate supplementation potentiated JRE-induced decreases in body mass, WHR, FM, hs-CRP, TNF-alpha, IL-6, leptin, resistin, RBP-4, and MCP-1, chemerin as well as increases irisin and adiponectin concentrations in obese adolescent boys. Therefore, JRE combined with dark chocolate supplementation could be a beneficial in reducing obesity-induced inflammation in adolescent boys. FAU - Eskandari, Mozhgan AU - Eskandari M AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Birjand, Birjand 9717434765, Iran. AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran 1961733114, Iran. FAU - Hooshmand Moghadam, Babak AU - Hooshmand Moghadam B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2036-9492 AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran 1961733114, Iran. AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran. FAU - Bagheri, Reza AU - Bagheri R AD - Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran. FAU - Ashtary-Larky, Damoon AU - Ashtary-Larky D AD - Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran. FAU - Eskandari, Elham AU - Eskandari E AD - Qaen school of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran. FAU - Nordvall, Michael AU - Nordvall M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1100-478X AD - Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA 22207, USA. FAU - Dutheil, Frederic AU - Dutheil F AD - Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Witty Fit, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. FAU - Wong, Alexei AU - Wong A AD - Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA 22207, USA. LA - eng GR - 1397/Mozhgan Eskandari/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20200930 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Adipokines) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Adipokines/*blood MH - Adolescent MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Body Composition MH - Body Mass Index MH - Cacao MH - *Chocolate MH - Cytokines/*blood MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - High-Intensity Interval Training/*methods MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Pediatric Obesity/blood/physiopathology/*therapy MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC7600985 OTO - NOTNLM OT - body composition OT - dark chocolate OT - fat mass OT - inflammation OT - obesity COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/10/04 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/07 06:00 PMCR- 2020/10/01 CRDT- 2020/10/03 01:01 PHST- 2020/08/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/09/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/09/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/10/03 01:01 [entrez] PHST- 2020/10/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu12103011 [pii] AID - nutrients-12-03011 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu12103011 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2020 Sep 30;12(10):3011. doi: 10.3390/nu12103011. PMID- 32978913 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210819 LR - 20210819 IS - 1898-9594 (Electronic) IS - 1644-0730 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 3 DP - 2020 Jul-Sep TI - The influence of dietary patterns on arterial stiffness, lipid metabolism, and liver and renal function in the population of Greater Poland. PG - 301-318 LID - 10.17306/J.AFS.0848 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The consumption of breakfast, salty meals, red meat, whole grain products, and dark chocolate are dietary habits that influence health, but the effects on arterial stiffness have not been well-investigated. Aim. To assess the effects of selected dietary patterns on arterial stiffness, liver and renal function, inflammation, and glucose and lipid biochemical parameters. METHODS: 829 patients completed health and food frequency questionnaires, and underwent anthropometric, arterial stiffness, and blood pressure measurements. Serum concentrations of lipids, glucose, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, creatinine, uric acid, and C-reactive protein were determined. RESULTS: The aspartate aminotransferase serum concentration was lower in the breakfast-consuming group (25.88 +/-7.05 U/L) compared to non-consumers (27.75 +/-10.67 U/L). A lower concentration of creatinine and alanine aminotransferase and a higher concentration of C-reactive protein was found in whole grain product consumers. Individuals consuming more red meat had higher alanine aminotransferase and low-density lipoprotein serum concentrations. Individuals with greater dark chocolate consumption had higher serum concentrations of uric acid (5.20 +/-1.46 vs. 4.72 +/-1.18) and more intensified arterial stiffness (peak-to-peak time 213.86 +/-54.98 ms vs. 238.70 +/-60.83 ms). CONCLUSIONS: The investigated dietary patterns had a significant impact on serum lipid concentrations, biochemical markers of liver and renal function and inflammation, and arterial stiffness. High consumption of red meat and dark chocolate intensified cardiovascular risk, contrary to the intake of whole grain products. FAU - Skrypnik, Katarzyna AU - Skrypnik K AD - Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland. FAU - Bogdanski, Pawel AU - Bogdanski P AD - Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland. FAU - Kubasik, Marta AU - Kubasik M AD - Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland. FAU - Wawrzyniak, Natalia AU - Wawrzyniak N AD - Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland. FAU - Markuszewski, Leszek AU - Markuszewski L AD - Center for Heart and Vascular Diseases, Internal and Metabolic Diseases Mazovian Specialist Hospital. FAU - Suliburska, Joanna AU - Suliburska J AD - Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Poland TA - Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment JT - Acta scientiarum polonorum. Technologia alimentaria JID - 101295615 RN - 0 (Lipoproteins, LDL) RN - 268B43MJ25 (Uric Acid) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) RN - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Breakfast MH - C-Reactive Protein/metabolism MH - Cacao MH - Chocolate MH - Creatinine/blood MH - *Diet MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Kidney/physiology MH - *Lipid Metabolism MH - Lipoproteins, LDL/blood MH - *Liver/enzymology/physiology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Poland MH - Red Meat MH - Uric Acid/blood MH - *Vascular Stiffness MH - Whole Grains MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - arterial stiffness OT - dietary patterns OT - glucose OT - lipid profile OT - liver function OT - renal function EDAT- 2020/09/27 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/20 06:00 CRDT- 2020/09/26 06:52 PHST- 2020/09/26 06:52 [entrez] PHST- 2020/09/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/20 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.17306/J.AFS.0848 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. 2020 Jul-Sep;19(3):301-318. doi: 10.17306/J.AFS.0848. PMID- 32971247 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201211 LR - 20201214 IS - 1534-4436 (Electronic) IS - 1081-1206 (Linking) VI - 125 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Dec TI - Prenatal PM(2.5) exposure and vitamin D-associated early persistent atopic dermatitis via placental methylation. PG - 665-673.e1 LID - S1081-1206(20)31007-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.anai.2020.09.008 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The effects of prenatal particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ranging from 0.1 mum to 2.5 mum (PM(2.5)) and vitamin D on atopic dermatitis (AD) phenotypes have not been evaluated. DNA methylation and cord blood (CB) vitamin D could represent a plausible link between prenatal PM(2.5) exposure and AD in an offspring. OBJECTIVE: To determine the critical windows of prenatal PM(2.5) exposure on the AD phenotypes, if vitamin D modulated these effects, and if placental DNA methylation mediated these effects on AD in offspring. METHODS: Mother-child pairs were enrolled from the birth cohort of the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases (COCOA) study. PM(2.5) was estimated by land-use regression models, and CB vitamin D was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. AD was identified by the parental report of a physician's diagnosis. We defined the following 4 AD phenotypes according to onset age (by the age of 2 years) and persistence (by the age of 3 years): early-onset transient and persistent, late onset, and never. Logistic regression analysis and Bayesian distributed lag interaction model were used. DNA methylation microarray was analyzed using an Infinium Human Methylation EPIC BeadChip (Illumina, San Diego, California) in placenta. RESULTS: PM(2.5) exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy, especially during 6 to 7 weeks of gestation, was associated with early-onset persistent AD. This effect increased in children with low CB vitamin D, especially in those with PM(2.5) exposure during 3 to 7 weeks of gestation. AHRR (cg16371648), DPP10 (cg19211931), and HLADRB1 (cg10632894) were hypomethylated in children with AD with high PM(2.5) and low CB vitamin D. CONCLUSION: Higher PM(2.5) during the first trimester of pregnancy and low CB vitamin D affected early-onset persistent AD, and the most sensitive window was 6 to 7 weeks of gestation. Placental DNA methylation mediated this effect. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Yang, Song-I AU - Yang SI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Seung-Hwa AU - Lee SH AD - Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hwan-Cheol AU - Kim HC AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyo-Bin AU - Kim HB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Jeong-Hyun AU - Kim JH AD - Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lim, Hyeyeun AU - Lim H AD - Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Park, Min Jee AU - Park MJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Cho, Hyun-Ju AU - Cho HJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yoon, Jisun AU - Yoon J AD - Department of Pediatrics, Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jung, Sungsu AU - Jung S AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. FAU - Yang, Hyeon-Jong AU - Yang HJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AD - Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Won, Hye-Sung AU - Won HS AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Mi-Young AU - Lee MY AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kim, Soo Hyun AU - Kim SH AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Choi, Suk-Joo AU - Choi SJ AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kwon, Ja-Young AU - Kwon JY AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jun, Jong Kwan AU - Jun JK AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sjhong@amc.seoul.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200921 PL - United States TA - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol JT - Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology JID - 9503580 RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) RN - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cohort Studies MH - DNA Methylation MH - Dermatitis, Atopic/diagnosis/*epidemiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Korea/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Maternal Exposure/*adverse effects MH - Particulate Matter/*adverse effects MH - Phenotype MH - Placenta/*physiology MH - Pregnancy MH - Pregnancy Trimester, First MH - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/diagnosis/*epidemiology MH - Vitamin D/*blood EDAT- 2020/09/25 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/15 06:00 CRDT- 2020/09/24 20:10 PHST- 2020/07/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/09/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/09/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/24 20:10 [entrez] AID - S1081-1206(20)31007-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.anai.2020.09.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020 Dec;125(6):665-673.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.09.008. Epub 2020 Sep 21. PMID- 32967742 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210924 LR - 20210924 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) VI - 125 IP - 12 DP - 2021 Jun 28 TI - Casein glycomacropeptide is well tolerated in healthy adults and changes neither high-sensitive C-reactive protein, gut microbiota nor faecal butyrate: a restricted randomised trial. PG - 1374-1385 LID - 10.1017/S0007114520003736 [doi] AB - Casein glycomacropeptide (CGMP) is a bioactive milk-derived peptide with potential anti-inflammatory effects. Animal studies suggest that CGMP may work by altering gut microbiota composition and enhancing butyrate production. Its effects on intestinal homoeostasis, microbiota and metabolites in humans are unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess both the intestinal and systemic immunomodulatory effects of orally ingested CGMP. We hypothesised that daily oral CGMP intake would reduce high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in healthy adults. In a single-centre limited but randomised, double-blinded, reference-controlled study, we compared the effects of a 4-week intervention of either 25 g of oral powder-based chocolate-flavoured CGMP or a reference drink. We included twenty-four healthy adults who all completed the study. CGMP had no systemic or intestinal immunomodulatory effects compared with a reference drink, with regard to either hsCRP or faecal calprotectin level, faecal microbiota composition or faecal SCFA content. CGMP ingestion did not affect satiety or body weight, and it caused no severe adverse events. The palatability of CGMP was acceptable, and adherence was high. CGMP did not induce or change gastrointestinal symptoms. In conclusion, we found no immunomodulatory effects of CGMP in healthy adults. In a minor group of healthy adults, oral ingestion of 25 g of CGMP during 4 weeks was safe, well tolerated, had acceptable palatability and was without any effects on body weight. FAU - Wernlund, Pernille G AU - Wernlund PG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4225-1863 AD - Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200Aarhus, Denmark. AD - Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Hvas, Christian L AU - Hvas CL AD - Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Dahlerup, Jens F AU - Dahlerup JF AD - Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Bahl, Martin I AU - Bahl MI AD - Research Group for Gut, Microbes and Health, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Licht, Tine R AU - Licht TR AD - Research Group for Gut, Microbes and Health, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. FAU - Knudsen, Knud E B AU - Knudsen KEB AD - Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, 8830Tjele, Denmark. FAU - Agnholt, Jorgen S AU - Agnholt JS AD - Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200Aarhus, Denmark. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200924 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 RN - 0 (Butyrates) RN - 0 (Caseins) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Volatile) RN - 0 (Peptide Fragments) RN - 0 (caseinomacropeptide) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Body Weight MH - Butyrates/*analysis MH - C-Reactive Protein/*analysis MH - Caseins/*administration & dosage MH - Cytokines/blood MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Fatty Acids, Volatile/analysis MH - Feces/*chemistry/microbiology MH - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome MH - Humans MH - Middle Aged MH - Peptide Fragments/*administration & dosage MH - Satiation MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anti-inflammatory effects OT - Bioactive peptides OT - Glycomacropeptide OT - Healthy adults OT - Immunomodulation OT - Milk protein OT - Whey protein EDAT- 2020/09/25 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/25 06:00 CRDT- 2020/09/24 05:26 PHST- 2020/09/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/24 05:26 [entrez] AID - S0007114520003736 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114520003736 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Nutr. 2021 Jun 28;125(12):1374-1385. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520003736. Epub 2020 Sep 24. PMID- 32952837 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210106 LR - 20250103 IS - 1937-8688 (Electronic) VI - 36 DP - 2020 TI - Prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors in children living with disabilities in Rwanda: a cross-sectional study. PG - 193 LID - 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.193.24166 [doi] LID - 193 AB - INTRODUCTION: several studies have been done on children with disabilities, and the results have shown that these particular individuals are more prone to developing various abnormal oral conditions. However, little is known about the oral health conditions among children with disabilities in Rwanda. This study aims to determine the prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors among children with disabilities. METHODS: a cross-sectional study conducted among 226 randomly selected children living with physical disabilities; learning, intellectual and developmental disabilities; deafness, blindness and hearing impairment disabilities aged between 7 and 20 years old, who live and/or are under the care of NYANZA Home de la Vierge des Pauvres (HVP) GATAGARA. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were done using SPPS version 20 at 95% confidence interval. The significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: the prevalence of dental caries found in children with disabilities is 42.4%. In bivariate analysis age (p=0.003), frequency of sugary food consumption (p=0.001) and oral hygiene status (p=0.000) are respectively significantly associated with dental caries. In logistic regression model, children who take once or more times per day sugary food like biscuits, cake, chocolates and sweets are almost 6 times higher at risk of developing dental caries [OR: 5.945, CI: 1.187; 29.774, P=0.03) while a good oral hygiene status was protective against dental caries [OR: 0.296, CI: 0.159; 0.550, P=0.000]. CONCLUSION: dental caries is a reality among children living with disabilities. Appropriate measures should be taken to protect these children and these measures should mainly focus on identified factors. CI - Copyright: Donat Uwayezu et al. FAU - Uwayezu, Donat AU - Uwayezu D AD - School of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda. FAU - Gatarayiha, Agnes AU - Gatarayiha A AD - School of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda. FAU - Nzayirambaho, Manasse AU - Nzayirambaho M AD - School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200717 PL - Uganda TA - Pan Afr Med J JT - The Pan African medical journal JID - 101517926 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Dental Caries/*epidemiology MH - *Persons with Disabilities MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Oral Health/*standards MH - Oral Hygiene/*standards MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors MH - Rwanda/epidemiology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7467614 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dental caries OT - Rwanda OT - child OT - disability COIS- The authors declare no competing interests EDAT- 2020/09/22 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/07 06:00 PMCR- 2020/07/17 CRDT- 2020/09/21 06:07 PHST- 2020/06/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/07/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/21 06:07 [entrez] PHST- 2020/09/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PAMJ-36-193 [pii] AID - 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.193.24166 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Jul 17;36:193. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.193.24166. eCollection 2020. PMID- 32906813 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20201020 IS - 2304-8158 (Print) IS - 2304-8158 (Electronic) IS - 2304-8158 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 9 DP - 2020 Sep 7 TI - Addition of Anionic Polysaccharide Stabilizers Modulates In Vitro Digestive Proteolysis of a Chocolate Milk Drink in Adults and Children. LID - 10.3390/foods9091253 [doi] LID - 1253 AB - There is a need to better understand the possible anti-nutritional effect of food stabilizers on the digestibility of important macronutrients, like proteins. This study hypothesized that the anionic nature of kappa-, iota-, lambda-, Carrageenan (CGN) and xanthan gum directs their interactions with food proteins leading to their subsequent attenuated digestive proteolysis. Model chocolate milk drinks were tested for their colloidal properties, viscosity and proteolytic breakdown in adults and children using in vitro digestion models coupled with proteomic analyses. SDS-PAGE analyses of gastro-intestinal effluents highlight stabilizers hinder protein breakdown in adults and children. Zeta potential and colloidal particle size were the strongest determinants of stabilizers' ability to hinder proteolysis. LC-MS proteomic analyses revealed stabilizer addition significantly reduced bioaccessibility of milk-derived bioactive peptides with differences in liberated peptide sequences arising mainly from their location on the outer rim of the protein structures. Further, liberation of bioactive peptides emptying from a child stomach into the intestine were most affected by the presence of iota-CGN. Overall, this study raises the notion that stabilizer charge and other properties of edible proteins are detrimental to the ability of humans to utilize the nutritional potential of such formulations. This could help food professionals and regulatory agencies carefully consider the use of anionic stabilizers in products aiming to serve as protein sources for children and other liable populations. FAU - David, Shlomit AU - David S AD - Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel. FAU - Magram Klaiman, Maya AU - Magram Klaiman M AD - Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel. FAU - Shpigelman, Avi AU - Shpigelman A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9896-6484 AD - Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel. FAU - Lesmes, Uri AU - Lesmes U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7306-2208 AD - Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel. LA - eng GR - 803/17/Israel Science Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200907 PL - Switzerland TA - Foods JT - Foods (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101670569 PMC - PMC7555934 OTO - NOTNLM OT - bioaccessibility OT - bioactive peptides OT - carrageenan OT - chocolate milk drink OT - digestive proteolysis OT - in vitro digestion OT - stabilizers OT - xanthan gum COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/09/11 06:00 MHDA- 2020/09/11 06:01 PMCR- 2020/09/07 CRDT- 2020/09/10 01:02 PHST- 2020/06/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/10 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2020/09/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/09/11 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - foods9091253 [pii] AID - foods-09-01253 [pii] AID - 10.3390/foods9091253 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Foods. 2020 Sep 7;9(9):1253. doi: 10.3390/foods9091253. PMID- 32885746 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220331 LR - 20220401 IS - 1476-8305 (Electronic) IS - 1028-415X (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Mar TI - Dietary patterns are associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among preschoolers in South Korea: a prospective cohort study. PG - 603-611 LID - 10.1080/1028415X.2020.1786789 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurobehavioral disorder in children. There are limited studies for diet or dietary supplement effects on ADHD in preschool children in Asia. This study aimed to determine the association between dietary patterns in 4-year-old children and ADHD symptoms in 6-year-old children. METHODS: We estimated dietary intake in 4-year-old children using a food frequency questionnaire. Using 33 food groups, major dietary patterns were identified in relation to the consumption of sweets, vegetables, meats, and carbohydrates. Parents of 6-year-old children used the Korean version of the ADHD Rating Scale for ADHD symptom assessment. RESULTS: A sweet dietary pattern was associated with a higher risk of attention deficit (AD) (relative risk [RR], 1.34; confidence interval [CI], 1.17-1.55), hyperactivity (RR, 1.40; CI, 1.19-1.64), and ADHD symptoms (RR, 1.37; CI, 1.23-1.52). A vegetable dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of ADHD symptoms (RR, 0.81; CI, 0.72-0.90). Food item analysis of the sweet dietary pattern showed that intake scores for chocolate, chips, and fruit jams positively correlated with AD, hyperactivity, and ADHD symptoms. DISCUSSION: These findings can be useful to further understand the roles of dietary factors in ADHD. FAU - Lee, Kyung-Shin AU - Lee KS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3451-3763 AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Choi, Yoon-Jung AU - Choi YJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8168-0228 AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lim, Youn-Hee AU - Lim YH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1290-5814 AD - Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Ji Young AU - Lee JY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1286-1671 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Shin, Moon-Kyung AU - Shin MK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2646-1521 AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Bung-Nyun AU - Kim BN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2403-3291 AD - Division of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Shin, Choong Ho AU - Shin CH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9813-1134 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Young Ah AU - Lee YA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9179-1247 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Johanna Inhyang AU - Kim JI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2367-0934 AD - Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Yun-Chul AU - Hong YC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9010-7271 AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200904 PL - England TA - Nutr Neurosci JT - Nutritional neuroscience JID - 100892202 SB - IM MH - *Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Diet MH - Humans MH - Prospective Studies MH - Republic of Korea/epidemiology MH - Vegetables OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder OT - Dietary pattern OT - Korean OT - Sweets EDAT- 2020/09/05 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/01 06:00 CRDT- 2020/09/05 06:00 PHST- 2020/09/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/05 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/1028415X.2020.1786789 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Neurosci. 2022 Mar;25(3):603-611. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2020.1786789. Epub 2020 Sep 4. PMID- 32859256 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210514 LR - 20210514 IS - 1756-0500 (Electronic) IS - 1756-0500 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Aug 28 TI - Social determinants and behavioural factors influencing toothbrushing frequency among primary school children in rural Australian community of Lithgow, New South Wales. PG - 403 LID - 10.1186/s13104-020-05239-3 [doi] LID - 403 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the social determinants and behavioural factors influencing frequency of toothbrushing among primary school children residing in the rural community of Lithgow in New South Wales, Australia. All six primary schools of Lithgow were approached to participate in a cross-sectional survey prior to implementation of water fluoridation. A validated oral health survey questionnaire was completed by 703 parents of the children. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to determine significant predictors associated with frequency of toothbrushing. RESULTS: Parents with a positive attitude towards water fluoridation had 74% higher odds (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.17-2.60) of their children brushing twice or more daily. Children living in a single parent household had 34% reduced odds (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.43-0.99) of brushing twice daily. Poor maternal oral health was significantly associated with suboptimal dental hygiene practices in children, where mothers who had any tooth extracted had 7% reduced odds of their children brushing their teeth twice or more daily (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.90-0.97). Subsequently, children with increased consumption of chocolates per day were less likely to brush twice or more daily. Finally, children with dental insurance had two times higher odds (OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.40-2.96) of brushing twice daily. FAU - Arora, Amit AU - Arora A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1665-5568 AD - School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, 24.2.97 Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. a.arora@westernsydney.edu.au. AD - Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. a.arora@westernsydney.edu.au. AD - Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. a.arora@westernsydney.edu.au. AD - Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW, 2010, Australia. a.arora@westernsydney.edu.au. FAU - Nargundkar, Subrat AU - Nargundkar S AD - School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, 24.2.97 Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. FAU - Fahey, Paul AU - Fahey P AD - School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, 24.2.97 Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. AD - Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. FAU - Joshua, Hema AU - Joshua H AD - School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, 24.2.97 Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. FAU - John, James Rufus AU - John JR AD - Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. AD - Rozetta Institute, Rozetta Institute (Formerly Capital Markets Cooperative Research Centre), The Rocks, Sydney, NSW, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200828 PL - England TA - BMC Res Notes JT - BMC research notes JID - 101462768 SB - IM MH - Australia MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Dental Caries MH - Humans MH - New South Wales/epidemiology MH - Rural Population MH - Schools MH - Social Determinants of Health MH - *Toothbrushing PMC - PMC7456049 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Non-fluoridated OT - Oral health OT - Rural OT - Socioeconomic status OT - Toothbrushing COIS- AA is an Associate Editor of BMC Public Health and BMC Oral Health but did not play any role in the peer-review and decision-making process for this manuscript. EDAT- 2020/08/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/15 06:00 PMCR- 2020/08/28 CRDT- 2020/08/30 06:00 PHST- 2020/04/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/08/30 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/08/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13104-020-05239-3 [pii] AID - 5239 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13104-020-05239-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Res Notes. 2020 Aug 28;13(1):403. doi: 10.1186/s13104-020-05239-3. PMID- 32843525 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210624 LR - 20240329 IS - 2059-7908 (Print) IS - 2059-7908 (Electronic) IS - 2059-7908 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 8 DP - 2020 Aug TI - Factors influencing undernutrition among children under 5 years from cocoa-growing communities in Bougainville. LID - 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002478 [doi] LID - e002478 AB - Half the children under the age of 5 years in Papua New Guinea (PNG) are undernourished, more than double the global average with rural areas disproportionately affected. This study examines factors associated with stunting, wasting and underweight in cocoa growers' children (<5 years) in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville (ARoB), using data from a comprehensive 2017 cross-sectional livelihoods survey. Sixteen independent predictors for stunting, wasting and underweight were selected based on the UNICEF Conceptual Framework of Determinants of Undernutrition. We used multilevel logistic mixed regression models to measure the association of the explanatory variables with stunting, wasting and underweight. At the household level, the adjusted OR (aOR) of stunting (aOR=1.71,95% CI 1.14 to 2.55) and underweight (aOR=2.11, 95% CI 1.16 to 3.82) increased significantly among children from households with unimproved toilet facilities. The aOR for underweight also increased among children from households without access to clean drinking water (aOR=1.97, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.29). Short maternal stature was significantly associated with child stunting, the odds increased as maternal height decreased (from 150 to <155 cm, aOR=1.52, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.26) (<150 cm, aOR=2.37, 95% CI 1.29 to 4.35). At the individual level, the odds of a child being underweight increased with birth order (second born, aOR=1.92, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.36; third born, aOR=6.77, 95% CI 2.00 to 22.82). Compared with children less than 6 months, children aged 6-23 months and 24-59 months had a higher odds of being stunted (aOR=3.27, 95% CI 1.57 to 6.78 and aOR=2.82, 95% CI 1.40 to 5.67) and underweight (aOR=4.83, 95% CI 1.36 to 17.24 and aOR=4.59, 95% CI 1.29 to 16.26). No variables were found to be significant for wasting. Interventions that simultaneously target key life stages for women and children and the underlying social and environmental determinants are required for sustained improvements to undernutrition. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Hall, Jessica AU - Hall J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9438-0651 AD - School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia jessica.hall@sydney.edu.au. FAU - Walton, Merrilyn AU - Walton M AD - School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Van Ogtrop, Floris AU - Van Ogtrop F AD - School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Guest, David AU - Guest D AD - Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Black, Kirsten AU - Black K AD - Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Beardsley, Justin AU - Beardsley J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1978-1559 AD - Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - BMJ Glob Health JT - BMJ global health JID - 101685275 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Growth Disorders/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - *Malnutrition/epidemiology MH - Prevalence MH - Thinness/epidemiology PMC - PMC7449357 OTO - NOTNLM OT - child health OT - cross-sectional survey OT - nutrition OT - public health OT - stunting COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2020/08/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/25 06:00 PMCR- 2020/08/25 CRDT- 2020/08/27 06:00 PHST- 2020/03/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/06/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/08/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/08/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjgh-2020-002478 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002478 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - BMJ Glob Health. 2020 Aug;5(8):e002478. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002478. PMID- 32821620 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20200928 IS - 2168-8184 (Print) IS - 2168-8184 (Electronic) IS - 2168-8184 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 7 DP - 2020 Jul 19 TI - Epidemiology of Acne Vulgaris and Its Association With Lifestyle Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Study. PG - e9277 LID - 10.7759/cureus.9277 [doi] LID - e9277 AB - Acne vulgaris is the commonest dermatological problem internationally and nationally. Its incidence is increasing every year in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Though it is not a major health issue but it significantly affects the patient cosmetically, psychologically and socially. Previous studies have shown its association with lifestyle (age, diet, stress, sleep, smoking, exercise, obesity, etc.) and family history. By simple cost-effective lifestyle modification, its occurrence and late consequences could be minimized. Few hospital-based studies are done on this issue in Hail City, KSA. Hence present cross-sectional study was designed where data was collected by Google-Form from 484 residents of Hail City. Results have revealed that 65% of our respondents were suffering from mild to moderate Acne. Thirty percent of the respondents had BMI equal to more than 30. Majority of respondents (81%) had acne on whole face. Similarly, dairy products were also consumed by more than 50%. Majority of respondents (more than 50%) took chocolates, fast foods, oily foods and sea-foods. Nuts were taken quite often by 37% of respondents. Age between 21-25 years and oily skin have a highly significant association (p = 0.000) with development of acne. Other variables that show significant association with acne were being obese, stressful, irregular menstrual cycles and excessive intake of nuts. Hence there is a need to address this issue in order to design recommendations for the general public to minimize the incidence and consequences of acne vulgaris by simple lifestyle modifications. CI - Copyright (c) 2020, Alshammrie et al. FAU - Alshammrie, Fawwaz F AU - Alshammrie FF AD - Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, SAU. FAU - Alshammari, Rasha AU - Alshammari R AD - Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, SAU. FAU - Alharbi, Renad M AU - Alharbi RM AD - Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, SAU. FAU - Khan, Farida Habib AU - Khan FH AD - Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, SAU. FAU - Alshammari, Saud K AU - Alshammari SK AD - Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, SAU. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200719 PL - United States TA - Cureus JT - Cureus JID - 101596737 PMC - PMC7431307 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acne vulgaris OT - epidemiology OT - lifestyle COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2020/08/22 06:00 MHDA- 2020/08/22 06:01 PMCR- 2020/07/19 CRDT- 2020/08/22 06:00 PHST- 2020/08/22 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/08/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/08/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/07/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.7759/cureus.9277 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cureus. 2020 Jul 19;12(7):e9277. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9277. PMID- 32814852 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210707 LR - 20261010 IS - 1476-5640 (Electronic) IS - 0954-3007 (Linking) VI - 75 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Jan TI - Effects of a high-intensity interval training session and chocolate milk on appetite and cognitive performance in youth aged 9-13 years. PG - 172-179 LID - 10.1038/s41430-020-00718-z [doi] AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To investigate the separate and combined effects of a single session of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and chocolate milk on appetite and cognitive performance in youth aged 9-13 years. Blood glucose, salivary cortisol, and subjective emotions were measured to evaluate potential underlying mechanisms contributing to changes in appetite and cognitive performance. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using a 2 x 2 repeated measures design, 20 youth (n = 12 girls and n = 8 boys; age = 11.4 +/- 0.3 years) performed HIIT on a cycle ergometer (7 x 60 s bouts, interspersed by 60 s active recovery) or sitting, followed by consumption of 163 kcal chocolate milk or water. Capillary blood glucose, salivary cortisol, cognitive performance, and subjective appetite and emotions were assessed at baseline and at several time points post-treatment. RESULTS: Subjective appetite decreased from baseline following chocolate milk consumption compared water (p = 0.04), and increased from baseline after HIIT compared to sitting (p = 0.01). Participants recalled more words during a short-term memory task and had faster reaction times during an attention task following HIIT compared to sitting (Delta = 1.1 +/- 0.02 words, p = 0.03; and Delta = 117.9 +/- 23.1 ms, p = 0.01, respectively). Blood glucose increased from baseline following chocolate milk consumption compared to water (at 10 min: Delta = 1.0 +/- 0.33 vs. Delta = 0.29 +/- 0.060 mmol/L; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings that HIIT may have a positive effect on aspects of cognitive performance suggest that youth should engage in HIIT-like exercise during recesses and lunch at school to attenuate declines in cognitive performance throughout the day. Registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03305107). FAU - Kucab, Michaela AU - Kucab M AD - School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada. FAU - Bellissimo, Nick AU - Bellissimo N AD - School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada. FAU - Prusky, Cydney AU - Prusky C AD - School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada. FAU - Brett, Neil R AU - Brett NR AD - School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada. FAU - Totosy de Zepetnek, Julia O AU - Totosy de Zepetnek JO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7011-5143 AD - Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada. julia.totosy@uregina.ca. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03305107 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200819 PL - England TA - Eur J Clin Nutr JT - European journal of clinical nutrition JID - 8804070 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Animals MH - Appetite MH - Child MH - *Chocolate MH - Cognition MH - Female MH - *High-Intensity Interval Training MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Milk EDAT- 2020/08/21 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/08 06:00 CRDT- 2020/08/21 06:00 PHST- 2020/04/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/08/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41430-020-00718-z [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41430-020-00718-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2021 Jan;75(1):172-179. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-00718-z. Epub 2020 Aug 19. PMID- 32799961 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211027 LR - 20230522 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Aug TI - Association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and the practice of breast-feeding in children under 2 years of age who are beneficiaries of the conditional cash transfer programme, Bolsa Familia. PG - 3313-3321 LID - 10.1017/S136898002000244X [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and the practice of breast-feeding in children under 2 years of age assisted by the conditional cash transfer programme, Bolsa Familia Programme (PBF). DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. The consumption of UPF and the practice of breast-feeding were assessed using a structured 24-h recall. Associations were calculated using hierarchical Poisson regression, adjusted at the last level by socio-economic, demographic and environmental variables from previous hierarchical levels. SETTING: Six counties from the state of Alagoas, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: Children aged 6-24 months, assisted by PBF. RESULTS: A total of 1604 children were evaluated, 11.7% of whom were overweight, and most had consumed UPF (90.6%) in the last 24 h. The most consumed UPF were biscuits, chocolate milk and baby food with 74.8, 66.8 and 24.9%, respectively. Through multivariable analysis, an association was found between lower consumption of UPF in the continuation of breast-feeding until the second year of life (prevalence ratio (PR) 0.91, 95 % CI 0.86, 0.96) and in the first year of life (PR 0.93, 95 % CI 0.88, 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: It was found that the studied population had a high consumption of UPF, which harmed continued breast-feeding. We highlight the importance of strengthening public policies aimed at the promotion, protection and support of breast-feeding and healthy complementary feeding aimed at populations that have difficulties in physical and economic access to a healthy and adequate diet. FAU - Marcal, Giovana de Montemor AU - Marcal GM AD - Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, 57072-970AL, Brazil. FAU - Mendes, Marilia Moura E AU - Mendes MME AD - Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, 57072-970AL, Brazil. FAU - Fragoso, Manuela Di Guaraldi Mafra AU - Fragoso MDGM AD - Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, 57072-970AL, Brazil. FAU - Florencio, Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo AU - Florencio TMMT AD - Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, 57072-970AL, Brazil. FAU - Bueno, Nassib Bezerra AU - Bueno NB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3286-0297 AD - Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, 57072-970AL, Brazil. FAU - Clemente, Ana Paula Grotti AU - Clemente APG AD - Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, 57072-970AL, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200817 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Brazil MH - Breast Feeding MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet MH - *Fast Foods MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Overweight PMC - PMC10195259 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breast-feeding OT - Child nutrition OT - Children OT - Poverty OT - Ready-to-eat foods EDAT- 2020/08/18 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/28 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/01 CRDT- 2020/08/18 06:00 PHST- 2020/08/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S136898002000244X [pii] AID - 10.1017/S136898002000244X [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2021 Aug;24(11):3313-3321. doi: 10.1017/S136898002000244X. Epub 2020 Aug 17. PMID- 32797114 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201008 LR - 20240801 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 8 DP - 2020 TI - Theory of mind goes to school: Does educational environment influence the development of theory of mind in middle childhood? PG - e0237524 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0237524 [doi] LID - e0237524 AB - Previous research has shown that the development of theory of mind (ToM) depends on various individual and social factors, but very little research has examined the role of the natural educational environment in the development of ToM in middle childhood. In accordance with the importance of social factors in development, in this longitudinal study of 156 typically developing children, we investigated whether educational setting-classes containing children with disabilities (inclusive) or without such children (general education)-is associated with enhanced ToM development. ToM was measured with the ToM Scale, the Chocolate task and the Faux Pas Recognition Test. Analysis showed that ToM development was better among children educated in inclusive classes than among those educated in traditional classes. The results have implications for ToM development among children with and without disabilities as well as for educational practice. FAU - Smogorzewska, Joanna AU - Smogorzewska J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4377-9136 AD - University of Warsaw, Faculty of Education, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Szumski, Grzegorz AU - Szumski G AD - University of Warsaw, Faculty of Education, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Grygiel, Pawel AU - Grygiel P AD - Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Philosophy, Cracow, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200814 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - Poland MH - Schools MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Students/*psychology MH - Theory of Mind/*physiology PMC - PMC7428351 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2020/08/17 06:00 MHDA- 2020/10/09 06:00 PMCR- 2020/08/14 CRDT- 2020/08/16 06:00 PHST- 2020/02/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/08/16 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/08/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/10/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-20-03160 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0237524 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2020 Aug 14;15(8):e0237524. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237524. eCollection 2020. PMID- 32780360 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211123 LR - 20211123 IS - 1933-7205 (Electronic) IS - 1933-7191 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Feb TI - Factors Related to Primary Dysmenorrhea in Turkish Women: a Multiple Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis. PG - 381-392 LID - 10.1007/s43032-020-00289-1 [doi] AB - This study aimed to evaluate the factors related to the severity of menstrual pain in Turkish women with primary dysmenorrhea (PD). The study included 504 women with PD aged 18 years or older. A Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), a self-developed structured questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) were used to measure outcomes. Multiple multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors related to the severity of menstrual pain. In this model, categorical menstrual pain severity levels (mild, moderate, and severe) were considered as dependent variables and the category of "severe menstrual pain" was determined as the reference category. p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The individuals were divided into 3 groups according to their VAS scores: mild-pain group (n = 132, 26.19%), moderate-pain group (n = 189, 37.50%), and severe-pain group (n = 183, 36.30%). BMI increase (OR = 1.10 and OR = 1.09), decreased chocolate consumption (OR = 1.88), menstruation duration (OR = 2.48) and menstrual pain duration (OR = 1.33 and OR = 1.61), and increased physical activity level (OR = 1.10) were found to increase the tendency to have less severe pain. The positive family history (OR = 0.35), a decrease in the age of menarche (OR = 0.47), the presence of irregular menstruation (OR = 0.36), and decreased quality of life (OR = 0.98 for NHP pain and emotional reaction) were found to be associated with a reduced likelihood of less severe pain (p < 0.05). In Turkey as well as in the rest of the world, PD is an important public health problem and many factors are associated with menstrual pain in Turkish women. FAU - Cinar, Gamze Nalan AU - Cinar GN AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8700-2153 AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, 06100, Samanpazari, Ankara, Turkey. nalan.gd@gmail.com. FAU - Akbayrak, Turkan AU - Akbayrak T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5840-5252 AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, 06100, Samanpazari, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Gursen, Ceren AU - Gursen C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9204-8364 AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, 06100, Samanpazari, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Baran, Emine AU - Baran E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4974-6543 AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, 06100, Samanpazari, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Uzelpasaci, Esra AU - Uzelpasaci E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0960-122X AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, 06100, Samanpazari, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Nakip, Gulbala AU - Nakip G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5331-786X AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, 06100, Samanpazari, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Bozdag, Gurkan AU - Bozdag G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6679-9623 AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Hacettepe University, 06100, Samanpazari, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Beksac, Mehmet Sinan AU - Beksac MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6362-787X AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Hacettepe University, 06100, Samanpazari, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Ozgul, Serap AU - Ozgul S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2362-6773 AD - Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, 06100, Samanpazari, Ankara, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200811 PL - United States TA - Reprod Sci JT - Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) JID - 101291249 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Body Mass Index MH - Chocolate/adverse effects MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Dysmenorrhea/*diagnosis/etiology/physiopathology/psychology MH - Exercise MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Life Style MH - Logistic Models MH - Menarche MH - *Menstrual Cycle MH - Mental Health MH - *Pain Measurement MH - Prognosis MH - *Quality of Life MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Turkey MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dysmenorrhea OT - Menarche OT - Menstrual pain OT - Menstrual problems OT - Pain intensity EDAT- 2020/08/12 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/24 06:00 CRDT- 2020/08/12 06:00 PHST- 2020/05/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/08/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/12 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s43032-020-00289-1 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s43032-020-00289-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Reprod Sci. 2021 Feb;28(2):381-392. doi: 10.1007/s43032-020-00289-1. Epub 2020 Aug 11. PMID- 32759663 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20200928 IS - 1999-4923 (Print) IS - 1999-4923 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4923 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 8 DP - 2020 Aug 4 TI - Effects of Formulation Excipients on Skin Barrier Function in Creams Used in Pediatric Care. LID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080729 [doi] LID - 729 AB - Semisolid dosage forms are recommended for the dermal care of babies and children. If we look at the ingredients of these preparations, there are still many cases in which there are substances (occlusive agents, preservatives) that no longer meet certain requirements of the modern age, so it is timely to replace them with other substances. The aim of this work was to formulate a science-based formulation with new components that keep or improve its moisturizing properties, rheological parameters, and microbiological stability. Occlusive oils, like white petrolatum and liquid paraffin and the preservative parabens are traditional ingredients in oil in water creams, were replaced with white beeswax, sunflower oil, and phenoxyethanol, respectively. Cocoa butter, urea, and glycerol were added to improve long-lasting hydration and support the barrier function of the reformulated creams. The rheological properties of the formulations were determined. The effects of the preparations on skin hydration and on the barrier function of the skin were tested. Furthermore, microbiological stability was investigated. The result of the reformulation was an o/w cream that provided a good longer-lasting hydration effect; supported the barrier function of the baby skin without occlusion; and had adequate consistency, easy spreading, a pleasant skin feeling, proper pH, and good microbiological stability. FAU - Kovacs, Anita AU - Kovacs A AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eotvos u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Peter-Hederi, Dora AU - Peter-Hederi D AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eotvos u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Perei, Katalin AU - Perei K AD - Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Kozep fasor 52, 6726 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Budai-Szucs, Maria AU - Budai-Szucs M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5187-5702 AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eotvos u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Leber, Attila AU - Leber A AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eotvos u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Gacsi, Attila AU - Gacsi A AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eotvos u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Csanyi, Erzsebet AU - Csanyi E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3010-1959 AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eotvos u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Berko, Szilvia AU - Berko S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3842-8876 AD - Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eotvos u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary. LA - eng GR - 4827/University of Szeged Open Access Fund/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200804 PL - Switzerland TA - Pharmaceutics JT - Pharmaceutics JID - 101534003 PMC - PMC7465361 OTO - NOTNLM OT - excipients OT - formulation OT - microbiological stability OT - o/w cream OT - pediatric care OT - skin barrier OT - skin hydration COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2020/08/08 06:00 MHDA- 2020/08/08 06:01 PMCR- 2020/08/01 CRDT- 2020/08/08 06:00 PHST- 2020/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/07/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/07/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/08/08 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/08/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/08/08 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pharmaceutics12080729 [pii] AID - pharmaceutics-12-00729 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080729 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pharmaceutics. 2020 Aug 4;12(8):729. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080729. PMID- 32746948 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210728 LR - 20210728 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) VI - 125 IP - 5 DP - 2021 Mar 14 TI - Television advertisements for high-sugar foods and beverages: effect on children's snack food intake. PG - 591-597 LID - 10.1017/S0007114520003116 [doi] AB - Energy-dense food advertising affects children's eating behaviour. However, the impact of high-sugar food advertising specifically on the intake of sweet foods is underexplored. This study sought to determine whether children would increase their intake of sugar and total energy following high-sugar food advertising (relative to toy advertising) and whether dental health, weight status and socio-economic status (SES) would moderate any effect. In a crossover, randomised controlled trial, 101 UK children (forty male) aged 8-10 years were exposed to high-sugar food/beverage and toy advertisements embedded within a cartoon. Their subsequent intake of snack foods and beverages varying in sugar content was measured. A dental examination was performed, and height and weight measurements were taken. Home postcode provided by parents was used to assign participants to SES quintiles. Children consumed a significantly greater amount of energy (203.3 (95 % CI 56.5, 350.2) kJ (48.6 (95 % CI 13.5, 83.7) kcal); P = 0.007) and sugar (6.0 (95 % CI 1.3, 10.7) g; P = 0.012) following food advertisements compared with after toy advertisements. This was driven by increased intake of the items with most sugar (chocolate and jelly sweets). Children of healthy weight and with dental caries had the greatest intake response to food advertising exposure, but there were no differences by SES. Acute experimental food advertising exposure increases food intake in children. Specifically, high-sugar food and beverage advertising promotes the consumption of high-sugar food items. The debate around the negative health effects of food advertising on children should be widened to include dental health as well as overall dietary health and obesity. FAU - Kearney, Justin AU - Kearney J AD - Department of Orthodontics, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, LiverpoolL3 5PS, UK. FAU - Fitzgerald, Rhian AU - Fitzgerald R AD - Department of Orthodontics, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, LiverpoolL3 5PS, UK. AD - School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 7ZT, UK. FAU - Burnside, Girvan AU - Burnside G AD - Department of Biostatistics, University Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 3BX, UK. FAU - Higham, Susan AU - Higham S AD - School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 7ZT, UK. AD - Department of Health Services Research, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 3GN, UK. FAU - Flannigan, Norah AU - Flannigan N AD - Department of Orthodontics, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, LiverpoolL3 5PS, UK. AD - School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 7ZT, UK. FAU - Halford, Jason C G AU - Halford JCG AD - Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 7ZA, UK. FAU - Boyland, Emma J AU - Boyland EJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8384-4994 AD - Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 7ZA, UK. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200804 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) SB - IM MH - Advertising/*statistics & numerical data MH - Body Weight MH - Child MH - Dental Caries/epidemiology MH - Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data MH - Dietary Sugars/*administration & dosage MH - Energy Intake MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Overweight/epidemiology MH - Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology MH - Play and Playthings MH - *Snacks MH - Social Class MH - *Sugar-Sweetened Beverages MH - *Television MH - United Kingdom/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dental caries OT - Food advertisements OT - Obesity OT - Sugar EDAT- 2020/08/05 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/29 06:00 CRDT- 2020/08/05 06:00 PHST- 2020/08/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/05 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0007114520003116 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114520003116 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Nutr. 2021 Mar 14;125(5):591-597. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520003116. Epub 2020 Aug 4. PMID- 32735454 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210810 LR - 20210810 IS - 2161-7856 (Electronic) IS - 2161-783X (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Dec TI - A Health Game Targeting Children's Implicit Attitudes and Snack Choices. PG - 425-435 LID - 10.1089/g4h.2019.0103 [doi] AB - Objective: The present study investigated whether a health game can be used to affect children's implicit attitudes toward food (IAsTF) and subsequent snack choices. Materials and Methods: The health game used was based on an evaluative conditioning paradigm. The experiment followed a between-subjects design with two conditions (health game vs. control), N = 79 (12.42 years +/-1.64, body mass index: 25.06 +/- 7.40). IAsTF were assessed at baseline and postintervention using an implicit association test (IAT). Baseline IAT scores were used to categorize IAsTF as healthy (favoring fruits) versus unhealthy IAsTF (favoring chocolates). In addition, three digital snack choices were recorded. Results: No main effect of condition on posttest IAsTF was found. However, baseline IAsTF moderated the effect of condition on posttest IAsTF; participants with less healthy baseline IAsTF playing the health game had healthier posttest IAsTF compared to those playing the control game. Regarding the snack choices, participants playing the health game favored fruit over chocolate in one of the snack choices. Baseline IAsTF did not moderate the effect of condition on snack choices. Conclusion: Tentative support was found that health games can be used to improve IAsTF, in particular among participants with less healthy ones at baseline. FAU - Alblas, Eva E AU - Alblas EE AD - Department of Communication Science, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Folkvord, Frans AU - Folkvord F AD - Applied Social Science and Behavioral Economics Research Group, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands. FAU - Anschutz, Doeschka J AU - Anschutz DJ AD - Department of Communication Science, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Van 't Riet, Jonathan AU - Van 't Riet J AD - Department of Communication Science, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Ketelaar, Paul AU - Ketelaar P AD - Department of Communication Science, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. FAU - Buijzen, Moniek AU - Buijzen M AD - Department of Communication Science, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200728 PL - United States TA - Games Health J JT - Games for health journal JID - 101583709 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Body Mass Index MH - Child MH - *Choice Behavior MH - Female MH - Food Preferences/psychology MH - *Food Quality MH - Games, Recreational/*psychology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Snacks/*psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood overweight and obesity OT - Effectiveness intervention OT - Evaluative conditioning OT - Health game OT - Implicit attitudes EDAT- 2020/08/01 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/11 06:00 CRDT- 2020/08/01 06:00 PHST- 2020/08/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/01 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1089/g4h.2019.0103 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Games Health J. 2020 Dec;9(6):425-435. doi: 10.1089/g4h.2019.0103. Epub 2020 Jul 28. PMID- 32726981 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210315 LR - 20210315 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 8 DP - 2020 Jul 27 TI - Where Do Adolescents Eat Less-Healthy Foods? Correspondence Analysis and Logistic Regression Results from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey. LID - 10.3390/nu12082235 [doi] LID - 2235 AB - This study investigates the relationship between the consumption of foods and eating locations (home, school/work and others) in British adolescents, using data from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Program (2008-2012 and 2013-2016). A cross-sectional analysis of 62,523 food diary entries from this nationally representative sample was carried out for foods contributing up to 80% total energy to the daily adolescent's diet. Correspondence analysis (CA) was used to generate food-location relationship hypotheses followed by logistic regression (LR) to quantify the evidence in terms of odds ratios and formally test those hypotheses. The less-healthy foods that emerged from CA were chips, soft drinks, chocolate and meat pies. Adjusted odds ratios (99% CI) for consuming specific foods at a location "other" than home (H) or school/work (S) in the 2008-2012 survey sample were: for soft drinks, 2.8 (2.1 to 3.8) vs. H and 2.0 (1.4 to 2.8) vs. S; for chips, 2.8 (2.2 to 3.7) vs. H and 3.4 (2.1 to 5.5) vs. S; for chocolates, 2.6 (1.9 to 3.5) vs. H and 1.9 (1.2 to 2.9) vs. S; and for meat pies, 2.7 (1.5 to 5.1) vs. H and 1.3 (0.5 to 3.1) vs. S. These trends were confirmed in the 2013-2016 survey sample. Interactions between location and BMI were not significant in either sample. In conclusion, public health policies to discourage less-healthy food choices in locations away from home and school/work are warranted for adolescents, irrespective of their BMI. FAU - Palla, Luigi AU - Palla L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6944-1750 AD - Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK. AD - School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan. FAU - Chapman, Andrew AU - Chapman A AD - Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK. FAU - Beh, Eric AU - Beh E AD - School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia. FAU - Pot, Gerda AU - Pot G AD - Department Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK. AD - Louis Bolk Institute, Nutrition and Health Team, 3981 AJ Bunnik, The Netherlands. FAU - Almiron-Roig, Eva AU - Almiron-Roig E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1630-8849 AD - Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain. AD - MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK. AD - Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNa), 31008 Pamplona, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200727 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Adolescent Behavior MH - Body Mass Index MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Diet/psychology/*statistics & numerical data MH - Diet Records MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Geography/*statistics & numerical data MH - Humans MH - Logistic Models MH - Male MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - United Kingdom PMC - PMC7468703 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adolescents OT - biplots OT - correspondence analysis OT - data mining OT - eating context OT - nutrient-poor foods OT - nutritional surveillance OT - obesity OT - survey data analysis COIS- E.A.R. has received a travel grant from Somaretec S.A. (Ferrero Group) in the past and is a member of an ILSI Eating Behaviour and Energy Balance Task Force Expert Group. The authors declare no other conflicts of interest for this work. EDAT- 2020/07/31 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/16 06:00 PMCR- 2020/08/01 CRDT- 2020/07/31 06:00 PHST- 2020/06/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/07/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/07/31 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/07/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu12082235 [pii] AID - nutrients-12-02235 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu12082235 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2020 Jul 27;12(8):2235. doi: 10.3390/nu12082235. PMID- 23556150 STAT- Publisher DRDT- 20200716 CTDT- 20130404 PB - University of Washington, Seattle DP - 1993 TI - Sitosterolemia. BTI - GeneReviews((R)) AB - CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Sitosterolemia is characterized by: Hypercholesterolemia (especially in children) which (1) shows an unexpected significant lowering of plasma cholesterol level in response to low-fat diet modification or to bile acid sequestrant therapy; or (2) does not respond to statin therapy; Tendon xanthomas or tuberous (i.e., planar) xanthomas that can occur in childhood and in unusual locations (heels, knees, elbows, and buttocks); Premature atherosclerosis, which can lead to angina, aortic valve involvement, myocardial infarction, and sudden death; Hemolytic anemia, abnormally shaped erythrocytes (stomatocytes), and large platelets (macrothrombocytopenia). On occasion, the abnormal hematologic findings may be the initial presentation or the only clinical feature of this disorder. Arthritis, arthralgias, and splenomegaly may sometimes be seen and one study has concluded that "idiopathic" liver disease could be undiagnosed sitosterolemia. The clinical spectrum of sitosterolemia is probably not fully appreciated due to underdiagnosis and the fact that the phenotype in infants is likely to be highly dependent on diet. DIAGNOSIS/TESTING: In an individual with sitosterolemia, increased plasma concentrations of plant sterols (especially sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol) are observed - if the diet includes plant-derived food, which contain plant sterols - once the plant sterols have accumulated in the body. The diagnosis of sitosterolemia is established in a proband with greatly increased plant sterol concentrations in plasma and/or by identification of biallelic pathogenic (or likely pathogenic) variants in ABCG5 and/or ABCG8. MANAGEMENT: Treatment of manifestations: Treatment should begin at the time of diagnosis, though there is little experience treating children younger than age two years. Treatment can decrease plasma concentrations of cholesterol and sitosterol by 10% to 50%. Often existing xanthomas regress. Treatment recommendations include a diet low in shellfish sterols and plant sterols (vegetable oils, margarine, nuts, seeds, avocados, and chocolate) and use of the sterol absorption inhibitor, ezetimibe. In those with an incomplete response to ezetimibe, use of a bile acid sequestrant such as cholestryramine may be considered. Partial ileal bypass surgery may be considered as a last resort for those with poor response to maximal therapies. If arthritis, arthralgias, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and/or splenomegaly require treatment, the first step is management of the sitosterolemia, followed by routine symptomatic management. Surveillance: Begin monitoring at the time of diagnosis on an annual basis: plasma concentrations of plant sterols (primarily beta-sitosterol and campesterol) and cholesterol; the size, number, and distribution of xanthomas; and CBC and platelet count, and liver transaminases (for elevation). In persons with long-standing untreated sitosterolemia, noninvasive imaging is used to exclude coronary and carotid plaque as well as valvular atherosclerotic manifestations. Agents/circumstances to avoid: Margarines and other products containing stanols (e.g., campestanol and sitostanol) that are recommended for use by persons with hypercholesterolemia are contraindicated as they can exacerbate plant stanol accumulation. Evaluation of relatives at risk: Early diagnosis of at-risk relatives either through measurement of plasma concentrations of plant sterols or through molecular genetic testing (if the family-specific pathogenic variants are known) allows early institution of treatment and surveillance to optimize outcome. Pregnancy management: There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of ezetimibe in pregnant women; ezetimibe can be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits justifiy the risk to the fetus. Since no studies have been published on the fetal effects of ezetimibe, it should be used with caution during pregnancy. GENETIC COUNSELING: Sitosterolemia is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. At conception, each sib of an affected individual has a 25% chance of being affected, a 50% chance of being an asymptomatic carrier, and a 25% chance of being unaffected and not a carrier. Heterozygotes (carriers) are asymptomatic but may occasionally have a mildly elevated concentration of sitosterol. Once the sitosterolemia-causing pathogenic variants have been identified in an affected family member, carrier testing for at-risk family members, prenatal testing for a pregnancy at increased risk, and preimplantation genetic testing are possible. CI - Copyright (c) 1993-2026, University of Washington, Seattle. GeneReviews is a registered trademark of the University of Washington, Seattle. All rights reserved. FED - Adam, Margaret P ED - Adam MP FED - Bick, Sarah ED - Bick S FED - Mirzaa, Ghayda M ED - Mirzaa GM FED - Wallace, Stephanie E ED - Wallace SE FED - Amemiya, Anne ED - Amemiya A FAU - Myrie, Semone B AU - Myrie SB AD - University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada FAU - Steiner, Robert D AU - Steiner RD AD - Professor (Clinical), Department of Pediatrics, Medical Director, Newborn Screening, Wisconsin Department of Health Services / Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin AD - Editor in Chief, Genetics in Medicine FAU - Mymin, David AU - Mymin D AD - University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada LA - eng PT - Review PT - Book Chapter PL - Seattle (WA) OTO - NLM OT - Beta-Sitosterolemia OT - Phytosterolaemia OT - Phytosterolemia OT - Sitosterolaemia OT - ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 5 OT - ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 8 OT - ABCG5 OT - ABCG8 OT - Sitosterolemia OT - Beta-Sitosterolemia OT - Phytosterolaemia OT - Phytosterolemia OT - Sitosterolaemia EDAT- 2020/07/16 00:00 CRDT- 2020/07/16 00:00 AID - NBK131810 [bookaccession] PMID- 32648641 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211102 LR - 20250530 IS - 1365-2222 (Electronic) IS - 0954-7894 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 9 DP - 2020 Sep TI - Circulating Ara h 6 as a marker of peanut protein absorption in tolerant and allergic humans following ingestion of peanut-containing foods. PG - 1093-1102 LID - 10.1111/cea.13706 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Bioaccessibility of food allergens may be a key determinant of allergic reactions. OBJECTIVE: To develop a protocol allowing the detection of the major peanut allergen, Ara h 6, in the bloodstream following ingestion of low amounts of peanut and to compare Ara h 6 bioaccessibility by food matrix. We further assessed for differences in absorption in healthy versus peanut-allergic volunteers. METHODS: A blood pretreatment combining acidic shock and thermal treatment was developed. This protocol was then applied to blood samples collected from human volunteers (n = 6, healthy controls; n = 14, peanut-allergic patients) at various time-points following ingestion of increasing levels of peanut incurred in different food matrices (cookies, peanut butter and chocolate dessert). Immunodetection was performed using an in-house immunoassay. RESULTS: An original pretreatment protocol was optimized, resulting in irreversible dissociation of human antibodies-Ara h 6 immune complex, thus rendering Ara h 6 accessible for its immunodetection. Ara h 6 was detected in samples from all volunteers following ingestion of 300-1000 mg peanut protein, although variations in the kinetics of passage were observed between individuals and matrices. Interestingly, in peanut-allergic subjects, Ara h 6 could be detected following ingestion of lower doses and at higher concentrations than in non-allergic volunteers. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The kinetics and intensity of Ara h 6 passage in bloodstream depend on both individual and food matrix. Peanut-allergic patients appear to demonstrate higher absorption rate, the clinical significance of which warrants further evaluation. CI - (c) 2020 The Authors. Clinical & Experimental Allergy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Bernard, Herve AU - Bernard H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3971-1021 AD - CEA, INRAE, Departement Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (DMTS)/ Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. FAU - Turner, Paul J AU - Turner PJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9862-5161 AD - Section of Inflammation, Repair & Development, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Ah-Leung, Sandrine AU - Ah-Leung S AD - CEA, INRAE, Departement Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (DMTS)/ Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. FAU - Ruiz-Garcia, Monica AU - Ruiz-Garcia M AD - Section of Inflammation, Repair & Development, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. FAU - Clare Mills, Elizabeth Naomi AU - Clare Mills EN AD - Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. FAU - Adel-Patient, Karine AU - Adel-Patient K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2242-0626 AD - CEA, INRAE, Departement Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (DMTS)/ Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. LA - eng GR - MR/K010468/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200727 PL - England TA - Clin Exp Allergy JT - Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology JID - 8906443 RN - 0 (2S Albumins, Plant) RN - 0 (Antigens, Plant) RN - 0 (Ara h 6 allergen, Arachis hypogaea) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM MH - 2S Albumins, Plant/*blood/pharmacokinetics MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Antigens, Plant/*blood MH - Arachis/*adverse effects/immunology MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Female MH - *Gastrointestinal Absorption MH - Humans MH - *Immunoassay MH - Male MH - Peanut Hypersensitivity/blood/diagnosis/*immunology MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Random Allocation MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ara h 6 OT - allergy OT - bioaccessibility OT - food matrix OT - peanut EDAT- 2020/07/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/03 06:00 CRDT- 2020/07/11 06:00 PHST- 2019/12/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/03/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/07/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/07/11 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/cea.13706 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Exp Allergy. 2020 Sep;50(9):1093-1102. doi: 10.1111/cea.13706. Epub 2020 Jul 27. PMID- 32626501 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20260928 IS - 1831-4732 (Electronic) IS - 1831-4732 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Jan TI - Acute human exposure assessment to tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC). PG - e05953 LID - 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.5953 [doi] LID - e05953 AB - Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC) is a naturally occurring psychoactive compound derived from the hemp plant Cannabis sativa. In 2015, EFSA established an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 1 mug/kg body weight (bw) for Delta(9)-THC and assessed acute dietary exposure from milk and dairy products. This resulted at the most 3% and 13% of the ARfD for adults and toddlers, respectively. Following the European Commission Recommendation 2016/2115 on the monitoring of the presence of Delta(9)-THC in food and the issuing of a new mandate, EFSA assessed the acute human exposure to Delta(9)-THC. 'Standard' food categories were used as proxies for consumption of hemp and hemp-based products. Twelve independent scenarios based on single food categories were considered and acute exposure was assessed for consumption days only for all age groups excluding infants. Occurrence data for Total-Delta(9)-THC (588 samples in total) were used for this assessment up to the highest reliable percentile for each food category. The EFSA ARfD of 1 mug/kg bw was exceeded in the adult high consumers of most considered hemp and hemp-containing products, under the lower-bound (LB) and upper-bound (UB) scenario. At the UB, acute exposure in adult high consumers was estimated based on the highest reliable percentile of occurrence, for Hemp seeds (P95, up to 9 mug/kg bw), Hemp oil (P95, up to 21 mug/kg bw), Tea (Infusion) (P95, up to 208 mug/kg bw), Breakfast cereals (P50, up to 1.3 mug/kg bw), Pasta (Raw) (P75, up to 6.4 mug/kg bw), Bread and rolls (P75, up to 1.3 mug/kg bw), Bread and rolls from hemp flour (P90, up to 4.1 mug/kg bw), Cereal bars (P50, up to 0.3 mug/kg bw), Fine bakery wares (P75, up to 5.1 mug/kg bw), Chocolate (Cocoa) products (P75, up to 1.1 mug/kg bw), Energy drinks (P75, up to 0.2 mug/kg bw), Dietary supplements (P75, up to 9.9 mug/kg bw), Beer and beer-like beverages (P90, up to 41 mug/kg bw). The use of proxies for the consumption of hemp and hemp-containing products, the limited number of occurrence data and the analytical limitations in the quantification of Delta(9)-THC represent the most important sources of uncertainty. Overall, exposure estimates presented in this report are expected to represent an overestimation of acute exposure to Delta(9)-THC in the EU. CI - (c) 2020 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of European Food Safety Authority. CN - European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) FAU - Arcella, Davide AU - Arcella D FAU - Cascio, Claudia AU - Cascio C FAU - Mackay, Karen AU - Mackay K LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200107 PL - United States TA - EFSA J JT - EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority JID - 101642076 PMC - PMC7008849 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Tetrahydrocannabinol OT - acute human exposure assessment OT - delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol OT - Delta9-THC EDAT- 2020/07/07 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/07 06:01 PMCR- 2020/01/07 CRDT- 2020/07/07 06:00 PHST- 2020/07/07 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/07/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/07 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/01/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EFS25953 [pii] AID - 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.5953 [doi] PST - epublish SO - EFSA J. 2020 Jan 7;18(1):e05953. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.5953. eCollection 2020 Jan. PMID- 32614218 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210723 LR - 20210723 IS - 1939-1277 (Electronic) IS - 0096-1523 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 10 DP - 2020 Oct TI - Timing is everything: Onset timing moderates the crossmodal influence of background sound on taste perception. PG - 1118-1126 LID - 10.1037/xhp0000820 [doi] AB - Recent evidence demonstrates that the presentation of crossmodally corresponding auditory stimuli can modulate the taste and hedonic evaluation of various foods (an effect often called "sonic seasoning"). To further understand the mechanism underpinning such crossmodal effects, the time at which a soundtrack was presented relative to tasting was manipulated in a series of experiments. Participants heard two soundtracks corresponding to sweet and bitter tastes either exclusively during or after chocolate tasting (Experiment 1) or during and before chocolate tasting (Experiment 2). The results revealed that the soundtracks affected chocolate taste ratings only if they were presented before or during tasting but not if they were heard after tasting. Moreover, participants' individual soundtrack-taste association mediated the strength of the sonic seasoning effect. These results therefore imply that the modulatory effect of sound on taste was not driven by retrospective interpretation of the taste experience, but by mechanisms such as priming and crossmodal association. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the complex interplay of cognitive mechanisms that likely underlie sonic seasoning effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved). FAU - Wang, Qian Janice AU - Wang QJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7054-2137 AD - Department of Food Science. FAU - Spence, Charles AU - Spence C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2111-072X AD - Crossmodal Research Laboratory. FAU - Knoeferle, Klemens AU - Knoeferle K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5255-3411 AD - Center for Multisensory Marketing. LA - eng GR - BI Norwegian Business School; Department of Marketing/ GR - Aarhus University/ GR - AHRC/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200702 PL - United States TA - J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform JT - Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance JID - 7502589 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Association MH - Auditory Perception/*physiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Taste Perception/*physiology MH - Time Factors MH - Young Adult EDAT- 2020/07/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/24 06:00 CRDT- 2020/07/03 06:00 PHST- 2020/07/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/07/03 06:00 [entrez] AID - 2020-47032-001 [pii] AID - 10.1037/xhp0000820 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2020 Oct;46(10):1118-1126. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000820. Epub 2020 Jul 2. PMID- 32578044 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210830 LR - 20261010 IS - 1573-2568 (Electronic) IS - 0163-2116 (Linking) VI - 66 IP - 5 DP - 2021 May TI - Elimination of Dietary Triggers Is Successful in Treating Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. PG - 1565-1571 LID - 10.1007/s10620-020-06414-z [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The relationship between aliments and pathophysiological abnormalities leading to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms elicitation is unclear. Nevertheless, patients often report symptoms after ingestion of specific foods. AIMS: To identify in primary care setting the presence of foods able to trigger GERD symptoms, and evaluate whether a consequent specific food elimination diet may result in clinical improvement. METHODS: Diagnosis of GERD and quantification of reflux symptoms were done according to GERD-Q questionnaire (positive when > 8). During clinical data collection, patients were asked to report aliments associated with their symptoms. Also, a precompiled list of additional foods was administered to them. Then, patients were requested to eliminate the specific foods identified, and to come back for follow-up visit after 2 weeks when GERD-Q questionnaire and clinical data collection were repeated. RESULTS: One-hundred GERD (mean GERD-Q score 11.6) patients (54 females, mean age 48.7 years) were enrolled. Eighty-five patients reported at least one triggering food, mostly spicy foods (62%), chocolate (55%), pizza (55%), tomato (52%), and fried foods (52%). At follow-up visit, the diagnosis of GERD was confirmed in only 55 patients, and the mean GERD-Q score decreased to 8.9. Heartburn reporting decreased from 93 to 44% of patients, while regurgitation decreased from 72 to 28%. About half of the patients agreed to continue with only dietary recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with GERD can identify at least one food triggering their symptoms. An approach based on abstention from identified food may be effective in the short term. FAU - Tosetti, Cesare AU - Tosetti C AD - National Health System, Group for Primary Care Gastroenterology (GIGA-CP), Belluno, Italy. AD - Department of Primary Care Porretta Terme, Health Agency of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Savarino, Edoardo AU - Savarino E AD - Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology - DiSCOG, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy. edoardo.savarino@unipd.it. FAU - Benedetto, Edoardo AU - Benedetto E AD - National Health System, Group for Primary Care Gastroenterology (GIGA-CP), Belluno, Italy. AD - Primary Care Gastroenterologist, National Health System, Cosenza, Italy. FAU - De Bastiani, Rudi AU - De Bastiani R AD - National Health System, Group for Primary Care Gastroenterology (GIGA-CP), Belluno, Italy. AD - Department of Primary Care, Heath Agency of Belluno, Feltre, Italy. CN - Study Group for the Evaluation of GERD Triggering Foods LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200624 PL - United States TA - Dig Dis Sci JT - Digestive diseases and sciences JID - 7902782 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Diet/*adverse effects MH - Female MH - Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis/*diet therapy/etiology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Primary Health Care MH - Prospective Studies MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food OT - Gastroesophageal reflux disease OT - Heartburn OT - Primary care OT - Regurgitation OT - Symptoms FIR - Belvedere, Alessandra IR - Belvedere A FIR - Cottone, Carmelo IR - Cottone C FIR - Gambaro, Patrizia IR - Gambaro P FIR - Mancuso, Maurizio IR - Mancuso M FIR - Pirrotta, Enzo IR - Pirrotta E FIR - Scoglio, Riccardo IR - Scoglio R FIR - Ubaldi, Enzo IR - Ubaldi E FIR - Zamparella, Maria IR - Zamparella M EDAT- 2020/06/25 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/31 06:00 CRDT- 2020/06/25 06:00 PHST- 2020/03/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/06/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/06/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/31 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/06/25 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s10620-020-06414-z [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10620-020-06414-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Dig Dis Sci. 2021 May;66(5):1565-1571. doi: 10.1007/s10620-020-06414-z. Epub 2020 Jun 24. PMID- 32533819 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210906 LR - 20210906 IS - 1996-3181 (Electronic) IS - 1871-5273 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 4 DP - 2020 TI - Lisdexamfetamine Alters BOLD-fMRI Activations Induced by Odor Cues in Impulsive Children. PG - 290-305 LID - 10.2174/1871527319666200613222502 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) is a drug used to treat ADHD/impulsive patients. Impulsivity is known to affect inhibitory, emotional and cognitive function. On the other hand, smell and odor processing are known to be affected by neurological disorders, as they are modulators of addictive and impulsive behaviors specifically. We hypothesize that, after LDX ingestion, inhibitory pathways of the brain would change, and complementary behavioral regulation mechanisms would appear to regulate decision-making and impulsivity. METHODS: 20 children were studied in an aleatory crossover study. Imaging of BOLD-fMRI activity, elicited by olfactory stimulation in impulsive children, was performed after either LDX or placebo ingestion. RESULTS: Findings showed that all subjects who underwent odor stimulation presented activations of similar intensities in the olfactory centers of the brain. This contrasted with inhibitory regions of the brain such as the cingulate cortex and frontal lobe regions, which demonstrated changed activity patterns and intensities. While some differences between the placebo and medicated states were found in motor areas, precuneus, cuneus, calcarine, supramarginal, cerebellum and posterior cingulate cortex, the main changes were found in frontal, temporal and parietal cortices. When comparing olfactory cues separately, pleasant food smells like chocolate seemed not to present large differences between the medicated and placebo scenarios, when compared to non-food-related smells. CONCLUSION: It was demonstrated that LDX, first, altered the inhibitory pathways of the brain, secondly it increased activity in several brain regions which were not activated by smell in drug-naive patients, and thirdly, it facilitated a complementary behavioral regulation mechanism, run by the cerebellum, which regulated decision-making and impulsivity in motor and frontal structures. CI - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net. FAU - Tobon, Silvia S Hidalgo AU - Tobon SSH AD - Imaging Department, Infant Hospital of Mexico, Federico Gomez, 06720 Ciudad de Mexico, CDMX, Mexico. AD - Physics Department, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana (UAM) Iztapalapa, Colonia Vicentina Iztapalapa, 09340, CDMX, Mexico. FAU - Suarez, Pilar Dies AU - Suarez PD AD - Imaging Department, Infant Hospital of Mexico, Federico Gomez, 06720 Ciudad de Mexico, CDMX, Mexico. FAU - Perez, Eduardo Barragan AU - Perez EB AD - Neurology Department, Infant Hospital of Mexico, Federico Gomez, 06720 Ciudad de Mexico, CDMX, Mexico. FAU - Lopez, Javier M Hernandez AU - Lopez JMH AD - Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla (BUAP), C.P. 72570, Puebla, Mexico. FAU - Garcia, Julio AU - Garcia J AD - Department of Cardiac Sciences, Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Calgary University, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. FAU - de Celis Alonso, Benito AU - de Celis Alonso B AD - Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla (BUAP), C.P. 72570, Puebla, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United Arab Emirates TA - CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets JT - CNS & neurological disorders drug targets JID - 101269155 RN - 0 (Central Nervous System Stimulants) RN - SJT761GEGS (Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate) SB - IM MH - Brain/diagnostic imaging/*drug effects/physiopathology MH - Central Nervous System Stimulants/*pharmacology MH - Child MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Cues MH - Frontal Lobe/diagnostic imaging/drug effects MH - Functional Neuroimaging MH - Gyrus Cinguli/diagnostic imaging/drug effects MH - Humans MH - Impulsive Behavior/*drug effects MH - Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate/*pharmacology MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Male MH - Neural Inhibition/drug effects MH - Odorants MH - Olfactory Cortex/diagnostic imaging/drug effects MH - Parietal Lobe/diagnostic imaging/drug effects MH - Temporal Lobe/diagnostic imaging/drug effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - BOLD OT - Olfaction OT - cerebellum OT - fMRI OT - impulsivity OT - lisdexamfetamine OT - treatment EDAT- 2020/06/14 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/07 06:00 CRDT- 2020/06/14 06:00 PHST- 2019/11/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/04/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/05/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/06/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/06/14 06:00 [entrez] AID - CNSNDDT-EPUB-107325 [pii] AID - 10.2174/1871527319666200613222502 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2020;19(4):290-305. doi: 10.2174/1871527319666200613222502. PMID- 32520299 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210325 LR - 20210325 IS - 1984-0462 (Electronic) IS - 0103-0582 (Print) IS - 0103-0582 (Linking) VI - 38 DP - 2020 TI - PARTICIPATION OF ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS IN BRAZILIAN SCHOOL CHILDREN'S DIET AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS. PG - e2019034 LID - S0103-05822020000100443 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2019034 [doi] LID - e2019034 AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contribution of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in the schoolchildren diet and associated factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with children from public schools in Southeast of Brazil, aged eight to 12 years old. A questionnaire was applied to the students to investigate anthropometric data, eating and lifestyle habits and food consumption. The consumption of UPF was evaluated by two 24-hour dietary recalls (24HR) of non-consecutive days, and the NOVA method was adopted for food classification. The sample was estimated considering the percentage of total caloric value from UPF identified by a similar study (n=260). The association between variables was evaluated by Simple and Multiple Logistic Regression. RESULTS: The average energy consumption was 1992 kcal/day, 25.2% from UPF. Schoolchildren had a mean of 9.8+/-0.5 years of age, 53.4% were female and 32.6% were overweight. The most consumed UPF were industrialized pastas, sweet biscuits, sausages, chocolate powder and soft drinks. In the multivariate model, schoolchildren who have the habit of TV watching during meals and those with obesity presented 1.87 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.03-3.39) and 2.05 (95%CI 1,01-4.20) times more chance of having higher consumption of ultra-processed foods, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The contribution of UPF was expressive in the feeding of the students and it was positively associated with the excess of weight and with the habit of eating while watching television. These findings indicate the importance of nutritional interventions to promote healthy habits, thus preventing overweight during childhood. FAU - Lacerda, Arabele Teixeira de AU - Lacerda AT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7440-7995 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Carmo, Ariene Silva do AU - Carmo ASD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3421-9495 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Sousa, Taciana Maia de AU - Sousa TM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7387-154X AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. FAU - Santos, Luana Caroline Dos AU - Santos LCD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9836-3704 AD - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. LA - eng LA - por PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200605 PL - Brazil TA - Rev Paul Pediatr JT - Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo JID - 9109353 SB - IM MH - Brazil MH - Child MH - *Child Behavior MH - Child Health MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Diet/*statistics & numerical data MH - Diet Surveys MH - Fast Foods/*statistics & numerical data MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Habits MH - Humans MH - Life Style MH - Logistic Models MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires PMC - PMC7274534 COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interests. EDAT- 2020/06/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/26 06:00 PMCR- 2020/06/05 CRDT- 2020/06/11 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/04/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/06/11 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/06/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0103-05822020000100443 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2019034 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Rev Paul Pediatr. 2020 Jun 5;38:e2019034. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2019034. eCollection 2020. PMID- 32517072 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201110 LR - 20240730 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 11 DP - 2020 Jun 5 TI - The Food and Nutrition Environment at Secondary Schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa as Reported by Learners. LID - 10.3390/ijerph17114038 [doi] LID - 4038 AB - Overweight and obesity are growing concerns in adolescents, particularly in females in South Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the food and nutrition environment in terms of government policy programs, nutrition education provided, and foods sold at secondary schools in the Eastern Cape province. Sixteen schools and grade 8-12 learners (N = 1360) were randomly selected from three health districts comprising poor disadvantaged communities. Based on age and sex specific body mass index (BMI) cut-off values, 13.3% of males and 5.5% of females were underweight, while 9.9% of males and 36.1% of females were overweight or obese. The main food items purchased at school were unhealthy energy-dense items such as fried flour dough balls, chocolates, candies, and crisps/chips. Nutrition knowledge scores based on the South African food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) were poor for 52% to 23.4% learners in Grades 8 to 12, respectively. Female learners generally had significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores compared to their male counterparts (p = 0.016). Questions poorly answered by more than 60% of learners, included the number of fruit and vegetable portions required daily, food to eat when overweight, foods containing fiber, and importance of legumes. It was noted that the majority of teachers who taught nutrition had no formal nutrition training and their responses to knowledge questions were poor indicating that they were not familiar with the FBDGs, which are part of the curriculum. Nutrition assessment as part of the Integrated School Health Program was done on few learners. Overall however, despite some challenges the government national school meal program provided meals daily to 96% of learners. In general, the school food and nutrition environment was not conducive for promoting healthy eating. FAU - Okeyo, Alice P AU - Okeyo AP AD - Department of Nursing Science, University of Fort Hare, Ring Road, Alice 5701, South Africa. FAU - Seekoe, Eunice AU - Seekoe E AD - Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa. FAU - de Villiers, Anniza AU - de Villiers A AD - Research Capacity Development Division, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7501, South Africa. FAU - Faber, Mieke AU - Faber M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8878-254X AD - Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7501, South Africa. AD - Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa. FAU - Nel, Johanna H AU - Nel JH AD - Department of Logistics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa. FAU - Steyn, Nelia P AU - Steyn NP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8297-6231 AD - Division Human Nutrition, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town; UCT Medical campus, Anzio Road, Anatomy Building, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200605 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Diet MH - Female MH - Food MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Nutrition Policy MH - *Nutritional Status MH - *Schools MH - South Africa MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7312062 OTO - NOTNLM OT - South Africa OT - adolescents OT - obesity OT - school environment COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/06/11 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/11 06:00 PMCR- 2020/06/01 CRDT- 2020/06/11 06:00 PHST- 2020/05/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/05/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/06/11 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/06/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph17114038 [pii] AID - ijerph-17-04038 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph17114038 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jun 5;17(11):4038. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114038. PMID- 32506233 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201104 LR - 20201104 IS - 1432-2072 (Electronic) IS - 0033-3158 (Print) IS - 0033-3158 (Linking) VI - 237 IP - 8 DP - 2020 Aug TI - Does acute stress influence the Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer effect? Implications for substance use disorders. PG - 2305-2316 LID - 10.1007/s00213-020-05534-8 [doi] AB - RATIONAL: The ability of conditioned stimuli to affect instrumental responding is a robust finding from animal as well as human research and is assumed as a key factor regarding the development and maintenance of addictive behaviour. OBJECTIVES: While it is well known that stress is an important factor for relapse after treatment, little is known about the impact of stress on conditioned substance-associated stimuli and their influence on instrumental responding. METHODS: We administered in the present study a Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm with stimuli associated with smoking- and chocolate-related rewards using points in a token economy to light to moderate smokers who also indicated to like eating chocolate. After completion of the first two phases of the PIT paradigm (i.e. Pavlovian training and instrumental trainings), participants were randomly allocated to the socially evaluated cold pressor test or a control condition before the final phase of the PIT paradigm, the transfer phase, was administered. RESULTS: The presentation of a smoking-related stimulus enhanced instrumental responding for a smoking-related reward (i.e. 'smoking-PIT' effect) and presentation of a chocolate-related stimulus for a chocolate-related reward (i.e. 'chocolate-PIT' effect) in participants aware of the experimental contingencies as indicated by expectancy ratings. However, acute stress did not change (i.e. neither enhanced nor attenuated) the 'smoking-PIT' effect or the 'chocolate-PIT' effect, and no overall effect of acute stress on tobacco choice was observed in aware participants. CONCLUSIONS: The established role of stress in addiction appears not to be driven by an augmenting effect on the ability of drug stimuli to promote drug-seeking. FAU - Steins-Loeber, Sabine AU - Steins-Loeber S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7651-0627 AD - Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Otto-Friedrich-University of Bamberg, Markusplatz 3, 96047, Bamberg, Germany. sabine.steins-loeber@uni-bamberg.de. FAU - Lorsch, Frank AU - Lorsch F AD - Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Otto-Friedrich-University of Bamberg, Markusplatz 3, 96047, Bamberg, Germany. FAU - van der Velde, Caroline AU - van der Velde C AD - Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Otto-Friedrich-University of Bamberg, Markusplatz 3, 96047, Bamberg, Germany. FAU - Muller, Astrid AU - Muller A AD - Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Brand, Matthias AU - Brand M AD - Department of General Psychology: Cognition, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany. FAU - Duka, Theodora AU - Duka T AD - Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK. FAU - Wolf, Oliver T AU - Wolf OT AD - Department of Cognitive Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200606 PL - Germany TA - Psychopharmacology (Berl) JT - Psychopharmacology JID - 7608025 RN - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) SB - IM MH - Acute Disease MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Animals MH - Behavior, Addictive/metabolism/psychology MH - Cold Temperature/adverse effects MH - Conditioning, Classical/*physiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Hydrocortisone/analysis/metabolism MH - Male MH - Random Allocation MH - *Reward MH - Stress, Psychological/metabolism/*psychology MH - Substance-Related Disorders/metabolism/*psychology MH - Transfer, Psychology/*physiology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7351872 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Addiction OT - Nicotine dependence OT - Socially evaluated cold pressor test COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/06/09 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/05 06:00 PMCR- 2020/06/06 CRDT- 2020/06/08 06:00 PHST- 2019/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/06/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/06/08 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/06/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00213-020-05534-8 [pii] AID - 5534 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00213-020-05534-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2020 Aug;237(8):2305-2316. doi: 10.1007/s00213-020-05534-8. Epub 2020 Jun 6. PMID- 32475366 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210319 LR - 20210319 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 11 DP - 2020 Dec 14 TI - Dietary flavonoids among children and adolescents in the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study: intake, food sources and trends from 1985 until 2016. PG - 1198-1206 LID - 10.1017/S000711452000183X [doi] AB - Flavonoids are suggested to reduce disease risk. Since dietary habits are acquired during early life, describing age and time trends of flavonoid intake and major food sources are important for monitoring and disease prevention in later life. We aimed to describe total flavonoid intake and food sources and to investigate age and time trends of flavonoid intake in 3-18-year-olds, from the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed study from 1985 to 2016. Intake was assessed annually using 3-d weighed food records (WFR). Flavonoid values were assigned using the United States Department of Agriculture database. Foods contributing to intake were determined. Age and time trends in total flavonoid and isoflavone density were analysed by sex with PROC MIXED. In total, 1312 children completed 10 758 WFR. Across all ages, daily mean total flavonoid density was lower in boys compared with girls (134 v. 146 mg/4184 kJ) and no difference in median isoflavone density (0.04 mg/4184 kJ per d) was found. The top five foods contributing to total flavonoid intake were apple with peel (15.0/17.1 %), strawberries (5.9/6.1 %), chocolate spread (3.9/3.5 %), orange juice (3.5/3.4 %) and pasta (3.5/3.4 %) for boys and girls, respectively. Overall, in boys, total flavonoid density decreased over the course of age and time. In girls, there was no association with age or time. In both sexes, isoflavone density followed a U-shaped age trend with no change over time. From a public health perspective, the overall observed downwards trend of flavonoid intake in boys deserves attention. Future initiatives should be tailored at maintaining a high flavonoid density as children age, specifically among boys. FAU - Rienks, Johanna AU - Rienks J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6154-865X AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 53115Bonn, Germany. FAU - Penczynski, Katharina J AU - Penczynski KJ AD - DONALD Study Dortmund, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 44225Dortmund, Germany. AD - Department of Sports and Health, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, University of Paderborn, 33098Paderborn, Germany. FAU - Schmitting, Sarah AU - Schmitting S AD - Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801Bochum, Germany. FAU - Buyken, Anette E AU - Buyken AE AD - DONALD Study Dortmund, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 44225Dortmund, Germany. AD - Department of Sports and Health, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, University of Paderborn, 33098Paderborn, Germany. FAU - Nothlings, Ute AU - Nothlings U AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 53115Bonn, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200601 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 RN - 0 (Flavonoids) RN - 0 (Isoflavones) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Age Factors MH - Anthropometry MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Diet/*statistics & numerical data MH - Diet Records MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Flavonoids/*analysis MH - Food Analysis/*statistics & numerical data MH - Germany MH - Humans MH - Isoflavones/analysis MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Sex Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Children OT - Dietary intake OT - Epidemiology OT - Flavonoids OT - Isoflavones EDAT- 2020/06/02 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/20 06:00 CRDT- 2020/06/02 06:00 PHST- 2020/06/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/06/02 06:00 [entrez] AID - S000711452000183X [pii] AID - 10.1017/S000711452000183X [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Nutr. 2020 Dec 14;124(11):1198-1206. doi: 10.1017/S000711452000183X. Epub 2020 Jun 1. PMID- 32468889 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211026 LR - 20211026 IS - 1557-1246 (Electronic) IS - 1087-0547 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 11 DP - 2021 Sep TI - Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Reward Processing in Children With ADHD. PG - 1623-1631 LID - 10.1177/1087054720923094 [doi] AB - Objective: Individuals with ADHD have deficits in reward processing and related cognitive tasks such as delay discounting and risky decision-making. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) are two distinct cortical areas that are involved in reward processing. Methods: Twenty children with ADHD received transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in three separate sessions with one of three montages each, including anodal/cathodal tDCS over the left dlPFC and right vmPFC respectively, the reversed montage, and a sham stimulation condition. During stimulation, in each session, participants performed the balloon analogue risk taking and chocolate delay discounting tasks. Results: A significant effect of stimulation condition on emotional processing was observed. Specifically, anodal tDCS over the right vmPFC, coupled with cathodal tDCS over the left dlPFC, reduced risky decision-making and delay discounting. Conclusion: These results imply that the left dlPFC and right vmPFC are involved in reward processing in children with ADHD. This finding is discussed in the light of the delay aversion theory of ADHD. FAU - Nejati, Vahid AU - Nejati V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0419-5207 AD - Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Sarraj Khorrami, Azin AU - Sarraj Khorrami A AD - Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Nitsche, Michael A AU - Nitsche MA AD - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany. AD - University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200529 PL - United States TA - J Atten Disord JT - Journal of attention disorders JID - 9615686 SB - IM MH - *Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Prefrontal Cortex MH - Reward MH - Risk-Taking MH - *Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD OT - delay discounting OT - dorsolateral prefrontal cortex OT - reward processing OT - risky decision-making OT - transcranial direct current stimulation OT - ventromedial prefrontal cortex EDAT- 2020/05/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/27 06:00 CRDT- 2020/05/30 06:00 PHST- 2020/05/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/30 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/1087054720923094 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Atten Disord. 2021 Sep;25(11):1623-1631. doi: 10.1177/1087054720923094. Epub 2020 May 29. PMID- 32466923 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210331 LR - 20210331 IS - 1873-7145 (Electronic) IS - 0963-9969 (Linking) VI - 133 DP - 2020 Jul TI - Multivariate relationships among sensory attributes and volatile components in commercial dry porcini mushrooms (Boletus edulis). PG - 109112 LID - S0963-9969(20)30137-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109112 [doi] AB - The present research investigated the relationships among sensory attributes and volatile components in dry porcini mushrooms by multivariate statistical analyses. The sensory characteristics were based on quantitative descriptive analysis and consumer hedonic assessment. The volatile compounds were extracted by solid-phase microextraction, then were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-olfactometry. The results showed that the high hedonic rating of porcini mushrooms was due in part to its aroma notes such as seasoning-like, roasted, cacao-like and smoky. High hedonic liking and positive aromas of porcini mushrooms could be responsible for the volatiles including 3-(methylthio)propanal, 3-(methylthio)propanol, pyrazines, phenolic and furanone components. On the other hand, raw mushroom-like, cardboard-like, as well as sweaty attributes were attributed to the relatively low hedonic liking of porcini mushrooms, which correlated with high contents of 1-octen-3-ol, octanal, 2-pentylfuran and 3-methylbutanoic acid. The information reported here could be important for the quality control of commercial porcini mushrooms by providing an approach to strengthen the interpretation of sensory data by showing how they were affected by the chemical properties. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Zhang, Huiying AU - Zhang H AD - Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China. Electronic address: zhanghuiying@btbu.edu.cn. FAU - Huang, Dian AU - Huang D AD - Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China. FAU - Pu, Dandan AU - Pu D AD - Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. Electronic address: b20163060422@cau.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Yuyu AU - Zhang Y AD - Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China. Electronic address: zhangyuyu@btbu.edu.cn. FAU - Chen, Haitao AU - Chen H AD - Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China. Electronic address: chenht@th.btbu.edu.cn. FAU - Sun, Baoguo AU - Sun B AD - Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. Electronic address: sunbg@btbu.edu.cn. FAU - Ren, Fazheng AU - Ren F AD - Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. Electronic address: renfazheng@cau.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200219 PL - Canada TA - Food Res Int JT - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) JID - 9210143 RN - 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds) RN - Boletus edulis SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Agaricales/*chemistry MH - Basidiomycota/*chemistry MH - Female MH - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Odorants/*analysis MH - Olfactometry MH - Philosophy MH - Smell/*drug effects MH - Solid Phase Microextraction MH - Volatile Organic Compounds/*chemistry MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aroma characteristic OT - Dry porcini mushroom OT - Hedonic rating OT - Multivariate analysis OT - Relative odor activity value OT - Volatile compound COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest None. EDAT- 2020/05/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/01 06:00 CRDT- 2020/05/30 06:00 PHST- 2019/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/01/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/02/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/05/30 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/01 06:00 [medline] AID - S0963-9969(20)30137-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109112 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Res Int. 2020 Jul;133:109112. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109112. Epub 2020 Feb 19. PMID- 32456728 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210609 LR - 20240920 IS - 1475-2727 (Electronic) IS - 1368-9800 (Print) IS - 1368-9800 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 11 DP - 2020 Aug TI - The extent and nature of television food advertising to children and adolescents in the Russian Federation. PG - 1868-1876 LID - 10.1017/S1368980020000191 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency, healthfulness and promotional techniques of television food advertising to children and adolescents in the Russian Federation. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted to monitor food and beverage television advertising. For the five most popular TV channels among children and adolescents, TV broadcasts were recorded for two weekdays and two weekends (320 h) during March-May 2017. Recordings were screened for advertisements. Food advertisements were categorised by food categories and as either 'permitted' or 'not permitted' for advertising to children in accordance with World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe Nutrient Profile Model (NPM), and promotional techniques in advertisements were recorded. RESULTS: Overall, 11 678 advertisements were coded. Across all channels, food and drink (19.2 %) were the most frequently advertised product type. The most common food categories advertised were beverages (except juices, milk drinks and energy drinks) (24.1 %); yoghurts and other dairy foods (15 %); and chocolate and confectionery (12.3 %). A majority (64.2 %) of food and drink products advertised should not be permitted for advertising to children according to the NPM. The most frequently used persuasive appeals in the food advertisements were low price (15.4 %), product novelty (11.8 %) and enjoyment (10.0 %). CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents in the Russian Federation are likely exposed to a substantial number of unhealthy food advertisements. There is a need to consider policies to restrict children's exposure to unhealthy food advertising on television in the Russian Federation. FAU - Kontsevaya, A V AU - Kontsevaya AV AD - National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation. FAU - Imaeva, A E AU - Imaeva AE AD - Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation. FAU - Balanova, Y A AU - Balanova YA AD - Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation. FAU - Kapustina, A V AU - Kapustina AV AD - Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation. FAU - Breda, J AU - Breda J AD - World Health Organization, European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Russian Federation. FAU - Jewell, J M AU - Jewell JM AD - World Health Organization, European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Russian Federation. FAU - Salakhov, E R AU - Salakhov ER AD - Department of International Cooperation and Public Relations, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation. FAU - Drapkina, O M AU - Drapkina OM AD - National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation. FAU - Boyland, E AU - Boyland E AD - Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 7ZA, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200527 PL - England TA - Public Health Nutr JT - Public health nutrition JID - 9808463 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Advertising/*statistics & numerical data MH - Beverages/*statistics & numerical data MH - Candy/statistics & numerical data MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Dairy Products/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Food/*statistics & numerical data MH - Food Industry/*statistics & numerical data MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Persuasive Communication MH - Russia MH - Television/*statistics & numerical data PMC - PMC7348695 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Advertising OT - Children OT - Food and beverage marketing OT - Television EDAT- 2020/05/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/10 06:00 PMCR- 2020/08/01 CRDT- 2020/05/28 06:00 PHST- 2020/05/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/28 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1368980020000191 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S1368980020000191 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Public Health Nutr. 2020 Aug;23(11):1868-1876. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020000191. Epub 2020 May 27. PMID- 32416664 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230411 LR - 20230411 IS - 0125-877X (Print) IS - 0125-877X (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Mar TI - Prenatal maternal anxiety promotes atopic dermatitis in offspring via placental DNA methylation changes. PG - 60-66 LID - 10.12932/AP-221119-0699 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Maternal anxiety during pregnancy has been previously reported to be associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) in offspring. The potential mechanism is not yet proven but epigenetic change may be suggested. OBJECTIVE: We examined whether maternal anxiety during pregnancy may alter placental DNA methylation, then develop AD in the offspring. METHODS: We evaluated maternal anxiety at 36 weeks of gestation by self-reported questionnaires, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait subscale (STAI-T), in the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (COCOA) study. AD was diagnosed at 6 months of age by pediatric allergists. We stratified the subjects into four groups according to the STAI score of mothers and diagnosis of AD in children. Placental genome-wide methylation microarray was analyzed using Infinium 450K BeadChip and selected genes were validated by pyrosequencing. RESULTS: From microarray, several differential methylation sites were identified in AD and healthy subjects and in total subjects, regarding to the STAI scores. Among differential methylation sites in microarray, six sites were selected for pyrosequencing. And site of matrix metalloproteinases 27 (MMP27) among 6 sites showed decreased methylation in AD infants with high STAI mothers compared to healthy infants with low STAI mothers. CONCLUSIONS: Epigenetic change in placenta can be a suggesting mechanism for the development of AD in offspring at 6 months of age associated with maternal anxiety during pregnancy and MMP27 may be a candidate gene. FAU - Kim, Hyo-Bin AU - Kim HB AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Kang, Mi-Jin AU - Kang MJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, So-Yeon AU - Lee SY AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Shin, Yee-Jin AU - Shin YJ AD - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo-Jong AU - Hong SJ AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Thailand TA - Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol JT - Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology JID - 8402034 SB - IM MH - Pregnancy MH - Infant MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Child MH - DNA Methylation MH - *Dermatitis, Atopic/diagnosis/genetics MH - Placenta MH - *Asthma MH - Anxiety/genetics EDAT- 2020/05/18 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/11 06:41 CRDT- 2020/05/18 06:00 PHST- 2023/04/11 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/05/18 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.12932/AP-221119-0699 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2023 Mar;41(1):60-66. doi: 10.12932/AP-221119-0699. PMID- 32366255 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210312 LR - 20210312 IS - 1476-511X (Electronic) IS - 1476-511X (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2020 May 4 TI - GlucoTRIG: a novel tool to determine the nutritional quality of foods and meals in general population. PG - 83 LID - 10.1186/s12944-020-01268-w [doi] LID - 83 AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop a novel criterion, GlucoTRIG, to rank meals for healthiness, that considers both glycaemic (serum insulin) and lipaemic (serum triglycerides) responses. METHODS: Healthy volunteers (n = 10) were recruited with the aim of deriving a standard GlucoTRIG value for a reference meal. Volunteers consumed the reference meal (2 regular slices of wholemeal bread; 250 mL chocolate flavoured milk; 7 g butter and 11 g peanut butter) comprising of carbohydrate, fat and protein (41, 40 and 16% energy respectively) on three different occasions with a minimum washout period of 3 days. The GlucoTRIG value was determined as the difference between the product of insulin and triglyceride obtained from venous blood samples at baseline and the product of insulin and triglyceride at 180 min. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the participants' dietary intakes and their metabolic parameters between three visits (P > 0.005). The GlucoTRIG value obtained from three mean values of the reference meal was found to be 19 +/- 3.5. There were no significant (P = 0.2303) differences observed between the GlucoTRIG values for the three visits. CONCLUSION: GlucoTRIG, consisting of both glycaemic and lipaemic responses, may be a physiologically relevant tool to rank foods and meals for reducing the risk of metabolic diseases. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12619000973112. FAU - Thota, Rohith N AU - Thota RN AD - Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. AD - Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. AD - Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity & Nutrition, University of Newcastle, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. FAU - Moughan, Paul J AU - Moughan PJ AD - Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. FAU - Singh, Harjinder AU - Singh H AD - Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. FAU - Garg, Manohar L AU - Garg ML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0514-0865 AD - Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. Manohar.Garg@newcastle.edu.au. AD - Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Manohar.Garg@newcastle.edu.au. AD - Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity & Nutrition, University of Newcastle, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. Manohar.Garg@newcastle.edu.au. LA - eng GR - CORE/Centres of Research Excellence (CoRE) fund from the New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission./ PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200504 PL - England TA - Lipids Health Dis JT - Lipids in health and disease JID - 101147696 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates) RN - 0 (Dietary Fats) RN - 0 (Dietary Proteins) RN - 0 (Insulin) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - Diet/methods MH - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage MH - Dietary Fats/*administration & dosage MH - Dietary Proteins/*administration & dosage MH - Female MH - Healthy Volunteers MH - Humans MH - Insulin/blood MH - Male MH - Meals/physiology MH - Nutritive Value/*physiology MH - Postprandial Period MH - *Research Design MH - Triglycerides/blood PMC - PMC7199359 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Composite meals OT - Diet OT - GlucoTRIG OT - Insulin OT - Macronutrients OT - Metabolic disease OT - Nutrient profiling OT - Ranking criteria OT - Triglycerides COIS- The authors have no conflict to declare. EDAT- 2020/05/06 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/13 06:00 PMCR- 2020/05/04 CRDT- 2020/05/06 06:00 PHST- 2020/02/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/04/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12944-020-01268-w [pii] AID - 1268 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12944-020-01268-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - Lipids Health Dis. 2020 May 4;19(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s12944-020-01268-w. PMID- 32331657 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210322 LR - 20211204 IS - 1873-7145 (Electronic) IS - 0963-9969 (Linking) VI - 132 DP - 2020 Jun TI - Multi-response approaches in product-focused investigations: Methodological variations across three case studies. PG - 109113 LID - S0963-9969(20)30138-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109113 [doi] AB - Consumers' product experiences are increasingly uncovered using approaches that extend beyond acceptability and sensory perception. The present research is situated in this context and adopts a multi-response approach to jointly obtain attitudinal, conceptual, emotional, situational and/or sensorial evaluations. With the aim of greater methodological understanding, three case studies were conducted with samples in three product categories (fruit- and vegetable-based beverages (n = 10), seafood (n = 6) and chocolate (n = 7)) using consumers from New Zealand (n = 196), India (living in New Zealand) (n = 138) and China (n = 167), conducted in central location (CLT) or home-use test (HUT) settings. Showcasing this multi-response approach and demonstrating its versatility in product research is the main contribution of the research. Across the three case studies different combinations of response types and scaling formats were successfully used (including CATA (check-all-that-apply) questions, yes/no questions and rating scales), and it was also found that tasted foods and written stimuli (food names) served equally well as stimuli. The degree of liking or disliking for individual samples was a useful benchmark against which to interpret the other types of responses, and situational appropriateness, obtained as item-by-use (IBU) responses always contributed unique insights. Facial emoji to obtain product-emotion associations yielded less valuable insights than a conceptualisation task. As expected, and in accordance with the rationale for adopting a multi-response approach, the combination of response types yielded greater stimuli insights than would otherwise have been gained. This held for each of the three case studies and supported future applications using a multi-response approach that extends beyond many related initiatives by including four response types in each case study. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Jaeger, Sara R AU - Jaeger SR AD - The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, 120 Mt Albert Road, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. Electronic address: sara.jaeger@plantandfood.co.nz. FAU - Jin, David AU - Jin D AD - The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, 120 Mt Albert Road, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. FAU - Hunter, Denise C AU - Hunter DC AD - The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, 120 Mt Albert Road, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. FAU - Roigard, Christina M AU - Roigard CM AD - The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, 120 Mt Albert Road, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. FAU - Hedderley, Duncan I AU - Hedderley DI AD - The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North Research Centre, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200219 PL - Canada TA - Food Res Int JT - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) JID - 9210143 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - China MH - Chocolate MH - Consumer Behavior MH - Emotions/*physiology MH - Ethnicity MH - Female MH - Food Preferences/*physiology MH - Fruit and Vegetable Juices MH - Humans MH - India MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Seafood MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Taste MH - Taste Perception/*physiology MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Conceptual profiling OT - Consumer research OT - Emotion research OT - Product research OT - Research methodology COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest All authors declare 'no conflict of interests'. EDAT- 2020/04/26 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/23 06:00 CRDT- 2020/04/26 06:00 PHST- 2019/11/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/01/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/02/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/04/26 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/04/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/23 06:00 [medline] AID - S0963-9969(20)30138-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109113 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Res Int. 2020 Jun;132:109113. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109113. Epub 2020 Feb 19. PMID- 32316789 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210719 LR - 20260127 IS - 1465-3478 (Electronic) IS - 0963-7486 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Feb TI - Comprehensive dietary evaluation of Italian primary school children: food consumption and intake of energy, nutrients and phenolic compounds. PG - 70-81 LID - 10.1080/09637486.2020.1754768 [doi] AB - Information on children's diet including bioactive compounds is quite scarce. This observational study investigated the composition of the diet of children living in Parma (Italy; n = 172, 8-10 years) using 3-day food records completed in winter and spring. Mean daily intakes of food groups, energy and nutrients were obtained using the national food database, while (poly)phenol contents were estimated from Phenol-Explorer or by specific literature searches. Food consumption, energy and nutrient intakes decreased in spring and were partially in line with national data. Adherence to the nutritional recommendations was not satisfied for the majority of nutrients. Main contributors to the phenolic intake were flavonoids (flavan-3-ols) and phenolic acids (hydroxycinnamic acids), while main dietary sources were fruit, chocolate-based products, vegetables, and tea & coffee (decaffeinated). This study provided the first comprehensive analysis of the nutritional composition of children's diet. Future research should look at the health implications of dietary choices in children. FAU - Rosi, Alice AU - Rosi A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8533-797X AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Mena, Pedro AU - Mena P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2150-2977 AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Castello, Fabio AU - Castello F AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. FAU - Del Rio, Daniele AU - Del Rio D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5394-1259 AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. AD - Giocampus Scientific Committee, Parma, Italy. FAU - Scazzina, Francesca AU - Scazzina F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5372-8658 AD - Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. AD - Giocampus Scientific Committee, Parma, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200421 PL - England TA - Int J Food Sci Nutr JT - International journal of food sciences and nutrition JID - 9432922 RN - 0 (Coffee) RN - 0 (Coumaric Acids) RN - 0 (Flavonoids) RN - 0 (Nutrients) RN - 0 (Phenols) RN - 0 (Polyphenols) RN - 35HDD3NRIE (flavan-3-ol) SB - IM MH - Child MH - Coffee MH - Coumaric Acids/administration & dosage MH - *Diet MH - *Eating MH - Female MH - Flavonoids/administration & dosage MH - Fruit MH - Humans MH - Italy MH - Male MH - Nutrients MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Phenols/administration & dosage MH - Polyphenols/administration & dosage MH - *Schools MH - Vegetables OTO - NOTNLM OT - Primary school students OT - dietary intake OT - food source OT - mineral OT - polyphenol OT - vitamin EDAT- 2020/04/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/20 06:00 CRDT- 2020/04/23 06:00 PHST- 2020/04/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/23 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09637486.2020.1754768 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Feb;72(1):70-81. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1754768. Epub 2020 Apr 21. PMID- 32312332 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201106 LR - 20231112 IS - 1475-2662 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1145 (Print) IS - 0007-1145 (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Sep 28 TI - Frequent use of selected sugary products associates with thinness, but not overweight during preadolescence: a cross-sectional study. PG - 631-640 LID - 10.1017/S0007114520001361 [doi] AB - Convincing evidence suggests that diets laden with added sugar, specifically sugar-sweetened beverages, associate with excess weight in children. The relationships between sugar consumption frequency and BMI remain less well studied. We, therefore, evaluated children's consumption frequency of selected sugary products (n 8461; mean age 11.1 (sd 0.9) years) selected from the Finnish Health in Teens cohort study. Using a sixteen-item FFQ including six sugary products (chocolate/sweets, biscuits/cookies, ice cream, sweet pastry, sugary juice drinks and sugary soft drinks), we calculated a Sweet Treat Index (STI) for the frequency of weekly sugary product consumption and categorised children based on quartiles (Q) into low (Q1, cut-off < 4.0), medium (Q2 + Q3, range 4.0-10.5) and high STI (Q4, cut-off > 10.5), and as thin, normal and overweight/obese based on the measured BMI. Through multinomial logistic regression analyses, we found that subjects with a high STI exhibited a higher risk of being thin (OR 1.20, 95 % CI 1.02, 1.41) and lower risk of being overweight (OR 0.79, 95 % CI 0.67, 0.92), while subjects with a low STI were at higher risk of being overweight (OR 1.32, 95 % CI 1.14, 1.53). High consumption frequencies of salty snacks, pizza and hamburgers most closely were associated with a high STI. Our findings suggest that consuming sugary products at a high frequency does not associate with being overweight. The relationship between a low consumption frequency and being overweight suggests that overweight children's consumption frequency of sugary products may be controlled, restricted or underreported. FAU - Lommi, Sohvi AU - Lommi S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4393-5725 AD - Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. AD - Folkhalsan Research Center, 00250Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Figueiredo, Rejane Augusta de Oliveira AU - Figueiredo RAO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0688-990X AD - Folkhalsan Research Center, 00250Helsinki, Finland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Tuorila, Hely AU - Tuorila H AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Viljakainen, Heli AU - Viljakainen H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7486-3437 AD - Folkhalsan Research Center, 00250Helsinki, Finland. AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014Helsinki, Finland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200618 PL - England TA - Br J Nutr JT - The British journal of nutrition JID - 0372547 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Overweight/*epidemiology MH - Risk Factors MH - *Sugar-Sweetened Beverages MH - Thinness/*epidemiology PMC - PMC7525105 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescence OT - BMI OT - Childhood OT - Consumption frequency OT - Sugary products EDAT- 2020/04/22 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/11 06:00 PMCR- 2020/09/30 CRDT- 2020/04/22 06:00 PHST- 2020/04/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/22 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/09/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0007114520001361 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0007114520001361 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Nutr. 2020 Sep 28;124(6):631-640. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520001361. Epub 2020 Jun 18. PMID- 32307626 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200929 LR - 20261010 IS - 1573-2649 (Electronic) IS - 0962-9343 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 9 DP - 2020 Sep TI - The association of socio-economic status, dental anxiety, and behavioral and clinical variables with adolescents' oral health-related quality of life. PG - 2455-2464 LID - 10.1007/s11136-020-02504-7 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: It is not clear which factors hold more weight in predicting oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Therefore, this study explored which component of factors (e.g., socio-economic status, clinical status or oral health behaviors, dental anxiety, oral health knowledge) has a better predictive value in different aspects (e.g., oral symptoms, functional limitations, social and emotional conditions) of adolescents' OHRQoL. METHODS: Participants were randomly selected from Grade Two (S2) students within 12 secondary schools in Hong Kong. The independent variables include the following : socio-economic (monthly family income, parents' educational background), oral health behaviors (the frequency of brushing and having snacks like chocolate or biscuits), and oral health-related factors (oral health knowledge, dental anxiety, dental caries and bleeding index). Adolescents' OHRQoL was evaluated using the 16-item Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ(11-14)-ISF:16). Frequencies and means were used for data description. Different variables were analyzed as predictors of OHRQoL by multi-level linear regression analysis. RESULTS: 1207 adolescents (46.6% females) participated in this study. The mean total CPQ(11-14)-ISF:16 was 14.2 (9.8). Mean scores of oral symptoms, functional limitations, and emotional and social well-being were 4.4 (2.8), 4.2 (2.8), 3.2 (3.1), and 2.4 (2.7), respectively. In the final model, adolescents with poorer oral health knowledge, higher dental anxiety levels, brushed their teeth less than once a day and consumed chocolates or biscuits more regularly as reported by a statistically worse OHRQoL (p < 0.05). In addition, gingival bleeding was a predictor of the oral symptom domain (beta = 0.7, p = 0.027); the emotional well-being of adolescents whose father went to college had a better OHRQoL (beta = - 0.9, p = 0.014) and adolescents from the higher-income family had a statistically better social well-being (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that adolescents with poorer oral health knowledge, higher dental anxiety levels, brushing their teeth less than once a day, or having a daily consumption of chocolate or biscuits had statistically worse OHRQoL. These findings can provide guidance for future oral health promotion in improving OHRQoL among adolescents. FAU - Xiang, Bilu AU - Xiang B AD - Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Wong, Hai Ming AU - Wong HM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3411-6442 AD - Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China. wonghmg@hku.hk. FAU - Perfecto, Antonio P AU - Perfecto AP AD - Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - McGrath, Colman P J AU - McGrath CPJ AD - Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. LA - eng GR - 17115916/Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20200419 PL - Netherlands TA - Qual Life Res JT - Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation JID - 9210257 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Dental Anxiety/*psychology MH - Female MH - Health Behavior/*physiology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Oral Health/*standards MH - Quality of Life/*psychology MH - *Social Class OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Oral health OT - Oral health-related behaviors OT - Quality of life OT - Socio-economic factors EDAT- 2020/04/21 06:00 MHDA- 2020/09/30 06:00 CRDT- 2020/04/21 06:00 PHST- 2020/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/04/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/09/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11136-020-02504-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11136-020-02504-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Qual Life Res. 2020 Sep;29(9):2455-2464. doi: 10.1007/s11136-020-02504-7. Epub 2020 Apr 19. PMID- 32295189 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20200928 IS - 1999-4923 (Print) IS - 1999-4923 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4923 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 4 DP - 2020 Apr 14 TI - Solid Dosage Forms of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Intended for Pediatric Use: Formulation and Stability Studies. LID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040354 [doi] LID - 354 AB - Undesirable taste has always been a key issue for oral dosage forms. The aim of the present study was to co-formulate dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP), in common pediatric oral forms, using sweet preserves and/or different types of chocolate as excipients. An array of different kinds of chocolate were co-formulated with DSP and were further characterized by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. For the assay of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), the chocolate samples were pre-treated by means of liquid extraction and analyzed using an high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with a strong anion exchange column and a phosphate buffer (17 mM, pH = 3)/acetonitrile, 50:50 v/v as mobile phase. The developed chromatographic method was validated based on the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines (%Mean Recovery = 99.4% and %Relative Standard Deviation, RSD = 0.43%). Furthermore, dissolution and in vitro digestion tests of chocolate formulations were evaluated. The DSP was found to be stable for at least 1 year in prepared preparations. FAU - Synaridou, Maria S AU - Synaridou MS AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Andriotis, Eleftherios G AU - Andriotis EG AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Zacharis, Constantinos K AU - Zacharis CK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9362-8523 AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Fatouros, Dimitrios G AU - Fatouros DG AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. FAU - Markopoulou, Catherine K AU - Markopoulou CK AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200414 PL - Switzerland TA - Pharmaceutics JT - Pharmaceutics JID - 101534003 PMC - PMC7238162 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chocolate formulation OT - dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) OT - high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) OT - in vitro digestion COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/04/17 06:00 MHDA- 2020/04/17 06:01 PMCR- 2020/04/01 CRDT- 2020/04/17 06:00 PHST- 2020/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/04/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/04/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/04/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/04/17 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pharmaceutics12040354 [pii] AID - pharmaceutics-12-00354 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040354 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pharmaceutics. 2020 Apr 14;12(4):354. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040354. PMID- 32281539 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20200928 IS - 2291-9279 (Print) IS - 2291-9279 (Electronic) VI - 8 IP - 2 DP - 2020 Apr 13 TI - Nutritional Education and Promotion of Healthy Eating Behaviors Among Mexican Children Through Video Games: Design and Pilot Test of FoodRateMaster. PG - e16431 LID - 10.2196/16431 [doi] LID - e16431 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity has risen dramatically in recent decades, reaching epidemic levels. Children need guidance on and support for maintaining a healthy diet and physical activity to ensure that they grow appropriately and develop healthy eating habits. Serious video games have shown positive effects on promoting the nutritional knowledge, and eating attitudes and behaviors of children; however, research about the usefulness of such games with younger children (8-10 years old) is sparse. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to design and test the serious video game FoodRateMaster targeting children between 8 and 10 years old. The game includes nutritional information and behavior change techniques to help children improve their knowledge of healthy and unhealthy foods, increase their intake of healthy food, and reduce their intake of ultraprocessed food. In addition, FoodRateMaster was designed as an active game to promote physical activity. METHODS: An interdisciplinary team developed FoodRateMaster following an iterative methodology based on a user-centered design. A total of 60 participants (mean age 9 years, SD 0.8; 53% male) completed 12 individual gaming sessions in 6 weeks. A food knowledge questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire were completed before and after game play. In addition, 39 of the participants' parents answered a parent perception questionnaire after the game play. RESULTS: Participants showed increased food knowledge from pregame (mean 56.9, SD 10.7) to postgame play (mean 67.8, SD 10.7; P<.001). In addition, there was a greater self-reported frequency in the consumption of cauliflower and broccoli (P<.001) and corn quesadillas (P<.001). They also indicated a lower self-reported intake of 10 unhealthy foods, including french fries (P=.003), candy and chocolate (P<.001), sweet soft cakes (P=.009), and soft drinks (P=.03). Moreover, most of the parents who answered the parent perception questionnaire agreed that their children showed greater interest in explaining why they should avoid some unhealthy foods (67%, 26/39), in distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy foods (64%, 25/39), and in the intake of fruits (64%, 25/39) and vegetables (59%, 23/39). Finally, 14 parents stated that they introduced some changes in their children's diet based on the comments and suggestions they received from their children. CONCLUSIONS: In an initial evaluation, children between 8 and 10 years old indicated an increased level in nutritional knowledge and their self-reported frequency intake of two healthy foods, and a decreased level in their self-reported intake of 10 unhealthy foods after playing FoodRateMaster. Moreover, the participants' parents agreed that FoodRateMaster positively influenced their children's attitudes toward several healthy eating behaviors. These results support that health games such as FoodRateMaster are viable tools to help young children increase their food knowledge and improve dietary behaviors. A follow-up randomized controlled trial will be conducted to assess the medium- and long-term effects of FoodRateMaster. CI - (c)Ismael Edrein Espinosa-Curiel, Edgar Efren Pozas-Bogarin, Jorge Luis Lozano-Salas, Juan Martinez-Miranda, Edwin Emeth Delgado-Perez, Lizeth Stefania Estrada-Zamarron. Originally published in JMIR Serious Games (http://games.jmir.org), 13.04.2020. FAU - Espinosa-Curiel, Ismael Edrein AU - Espinosa-Curiel IE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3136-3256 AD - Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, Unidad de Transferencia Tecnologica Tepic, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. FAU - Pozas-Bogarin, Edgar Efren AU - Pozas-Bogarin EE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6241-8600 AD - Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, Unidad de Transferencia Tecnologica Tepic, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. FAU - Lozano-Salas, Jorge Luis AU - Lozano-Salas JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8361-0792 AD - Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, Unidad de Transferencia Tecnologica Tepic, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. FAU - Martinez-Miranda, Juan AU - Martinez-Miranda J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5081-8212 AD - Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, Unidad de Transferencia Tecnologica Tepic, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. FAU - Delgado-Perez, Edwin Emeth AU - Delgado-Perez EE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4090-9644 AD - Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones en Comportamiento, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. FAU - Estrada-Zamarron, Lizeth Stefania AU - Estrada-Zamarron LS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2796-1357 AD - Facultad de Salud Integral, Universidad Autonoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200413 PL - Canada TA - JMIR Serious Games JT - JMIR serious games JID - 101645255 PMC - PMC7186871 OTO - NOTNLM OT - childhood obesity OT - dietary intake OT - game design OT - healthy eating behaviors OT - nutritional education OT - serious game COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared. EDAT- 2020/04/14 06:00 MHDA- 2020/04/14 06:01 PMCR- 2020/04/13 CRDT- 2020/04/14 06:00 PHST- 2019/10/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/03/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/02/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/04/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/04/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/04/14 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v8i2e16431 [pii] AID - 10.2196/16431 [doi] PST - epublish SO - JMIR Serious Games. 2020 Apr 13;8(2):e16431. doi: 10.2196/16431. PMID- 32236212 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210224 LR - 20210224 IS - 2042-650X (Electronic) IS - 2042-6496 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 4 DP - 2020 Apr 30 TI - Chronic flavanol-rich cocoa powder supplementation reduces body fat mass in endurance athletes by modifying the follistatin/myostatin ratio and leptin levels. PG - 3441-3450 LID - 10.1039/d0fo00246a [doi] AB - Flavanols-rich cocoa has positive effects on lipid metabolism and might enhance the performance of athletes through an improvement in their body composition. To test this hypothesis a placebo-controlled intervention study in training endurance athletes who received 5 g of cocoa daily (425 mg of flavanols) for 10 weeks was performed. Dietary intake, body composition, exercise performance and plasma levels of follistatin, myostatin and leptin were measured. Cocoa intake significantly reduced body fat percentage (p = 0.020), specifically in the trunk (p = 0.022), visceral area (p = 0.034) and lower limbs (p = 0.004). The reduction in body fat mass was accompanied by an increase in plasma follistatin and a decrease in leptin, while myostatin levels remained unchanged. The intake of cocoa reduced the percentage of body fat of athletes, without any impact on athletes' performance. The change in fat body composition did not improve athletes' performance. FAU - Angel Garcia-Merino, Jose AU - Angel Garcia-Merino J AD - MAS microbiota group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain. mar.larrosa@universidadeuropea.es. FAU - Moreno-Perez, Diego AU - Moreno-Perez D AD - Departamento de Educacion, Metodos de Investigacion y Evaluacion, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, ICAI-ICADE, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28015, Spain. FAU - de Lucas, Beatriz AU - de Lucas B AD - MAS microbiota group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain. mar.larrosa@universidadeuropea.es. FAU - Montalvo-Lominchar, Maria Gregoria AU - Montalvo-Lominchar MG AD - MAS microbiota group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain. mar.larrosa@universidadeuropea.es. FAU - Munoz, Elsa AU - Munoz E AD - Medical Service, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain. FAU - Sanchez, Lara AU - Sanchez L AD - Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain. FAU - Naclerio, Fernando AU - Naclerio F AD - Department of Life and Sports Sciences, University of Greenwich, Eltham SE9 2TB, UK. FAU - Herrera-Rocha, Karen Marlene AU - Herrera-Rocha KM AD - Grupo de Investigacion en Alimentos Funcionales y Nutraceuticos. Unidad de Posgrado, Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico. TecNM/Instituto Tecnologico de Durango, Durango, Mexico. FAU - Moreno-Jimenez, Martha Rocio AU - Moreno-Jimenez MR AD - Grupo de Investigacion en Alimentos Funcionales y Nutraceuticos. Unidad de Posgrado, Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico. TecNM/Instituto Tecnologico de Durango, Durango, Mexico. FAU - Rocha-Guzman, Nuria Elisabeth AU - Rocha-Guzman NE AD - Grupo de Investigacion en Alimentos Funcionales y Nutraceuticos. Unidad de Posgrado, Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico. TecNM/Instituto Tecnologico de Durango, Durango, Mexico. FAU - Larrosa, Mar AU - Larrosa M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8863-4686 AD - MAS microbiota group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain. mar.larrosa@universidadeuropea.es. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PL - England TA - Food Funct JT - Food & function JID - 101549033 RN - 0 (Flavonols) RN - 0 (Follistatin) RN - 0 (Leptin) RN - 0 (Myostatin) SB - IM MH - Adipose Tissue/metabolism MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Athletes MH - Body Composition MH - *Chocolate MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - *Flavonols MH - Follistatin/blood MH - Humans MH - Leptin/blood MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Myostatin/blood MH - *Physical Endurance MH - Young Adult EDAT- 2020/04/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/25 06:00 CRDT- 2020/04/03 06:00 PHST- 2020/04/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/03 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1039/d0fo00246a [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Funct. 2020 Apr 30;11(4):3441-3450. doi: 10.1039/d0fo00246a. PMID- 32228528 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210205 LR - 20210205 IS - 1471-2415 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2415 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Mar 30 TI - Bacterial etiology of ocular and periocular infections, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and associated factors among patients attending eye unit of Shashemene comprehensive specialized hospital, Shashemene, Ethiopia. PG - 124 LID - 10.1186/s12886-020-01398-w [doi] LID - 124 AB - BACKGROUND: Eye infection is a public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. Bacteria are major causative agents of eye infections that can lead to loss of vision. The objective of this study was to determine bacterial etiology of ocular and periocular infections, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and associated factors among patients who visited the eye unit of Shashamane Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (SCSH). METHOD: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at SCSH from September 1, 2018, to March 30, 2019. Specimens from the ocular and periocular areas were collected from a total of 332 patients who visited the eye unit. Specimens were inoculated on blood agar, chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and mannitol salt agar. Isolated bacteria were identified by a series of biochemical tests using the standard bacteriological method. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute by disk diffusion method. Factors that could be associated with ocular and periocular infection were collected by using structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0 software package. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT: Out of the total 332 study participants with ocular and periocular infections, 198(60%) were culture positive. The proportion of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were 135(68.2%) and 63(31.8%) respectively. Among Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus were predominant. Among Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli were predominant. Most S. aureus were resistant to penicillin. CONCLUSION: Majority of ocular and periocular infections in this study were caused by bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria were responsible for most cases. FAU - Mohammed, Ahmed Adem AU - Mohammed AA AD - Shashemene Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Shashemene, Ethiopia. dhumuga2005@yahoo.com. FAU - Ali, Musa Mohammed AU - Ali MM AD - Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences department of Medical laboratory, Awassa, Ethiopia. FAU - Zenebe, Mengistu Hailemariam AU - Zenebe MH AD - Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences department of Medical laboratory, Awassa, Ethiopia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200330 PL - England TA - BMC Ophthalmol JT - BMC ophthalmology JID - 100967802 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests MH - Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial MH - Ethiopia MH - Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy/*microbiology MH - Female MH - Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects/*isolation & purification MH - Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy/*microbiology MH - Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects/*isolation & purification MH - Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy/*microbiology MH - Hospitals, Special/statistics & numerical data MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Ophthalmology/statistics & numerical data MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7106738 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern OT - Bacteria OT - External eye OT - Infection OT - Risk factors COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2020/04/02 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/07 06:00 PMCR- 2020/03/30 CRDT- 2020/04/02 06:00 PHST- 2019/09/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/04/02 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/04/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12886-020-01398-w [pii] AID - 1398 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12886-020-01398-w [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Ophthalmol. 2020 Mar 30;20(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s12886-020-01398-w. PMID- 32202221 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210215 LR - 20210215 IS - 1940-0896 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1325 (Linking) VI - 181 IP - 2-3 DP - 2020 Mar-Apr TI - Do 5- and 6-Year-Old Children Attempt to Appear Fair to Others? PG - 150-158 LID - 10.1080/00221325.2020.1738321 [doi] AB - Children come to prefer fair distributions at the age of 5 to 6 years. But do they actually want to be fair, or do they want to appear fair to others? In three conditions, an experimenter initially distributed chocolates to 5-/6-year-old participants and partners they were paired with. Participants always possessed, through some means, two chocolates when the experimenter returned after a brief absence, and they had to decide whether to take an extra one for themselves. To measure the extent to which children were concerned with actually being fair versus appearing fair, two conditions were created in which children were led to believe that the experimenter did not know that the distributions had become equal. In the windfall condition, a confederate gave one additional chocolate to the participant, and in the partner condition, the partner transferred one chocolate to the participant. Compared to the control condition, participants who passed the false belief task in both of these conditions tried to appear fair in their distribution. Thus 5-/6-year-old children seem to prefer appearing fair to others regardless of the situation. FAU - Hayashi, Hajimu AU - Hayashi H AD - Division of Developmental Psychology, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200323 PL - United States TA - J Genet Psychol JT - The Journal of genetic psychology JID - 2985112R SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child Behavior/*physiology MH - Child Development/*physiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Morals MH - *Social Behavior OTO - NOTNLM OT - fairness OT - resource distribution OT - self-presentation EDAT- 2020/03/24 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/16 06:00 CRDT- 2020/03/24 06:00 PHST- 2020/03/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/24 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/00221325.2020.1738321 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Genet Psychol. 2020 Mar-Apr;181(2-3):150-158. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2020.1738321. Epub 2020 Mar 23. PMID- 32173737 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200629 LR - 20230214 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Print) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 111 IP - 5 DP - 2020 May 1 TI - Effects of distraction on taste-related neural processing: a cross-sectional fMRI study. PG - 950-961 LID - 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa032 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: In the current obesogenic environment we often eat while electronic devices, such as smart phones, computers, or the television, distract us. Such "distracted eating" is associated with increased food intake and overweight. However, the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms of this phenomenon are unknown. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to elucidate these mechanisms by investigating whether distraction attenuates processing in the primary and secondary taste cortices, located in the insula and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), respectively. METHODS: Forty-one healthy, normal-weight participants received fixed amounts of higher- and lower-sweetness isocaloric chocolate milk while performing a high- or low-distracting detection task during fMRI in 2 test sessions. Subsequently, we measured ad libitum food intake. RESULTS: As expected, a primary taste cortex region in the right insula responded more to the sweeter drink (P < 0.001, uncorrected). Distraction did not affect this insular sweetness response across the group, but did weaken sweetness-related connectivity of this region to a secondary taste region in the right OFC (P-family-wise error, cluster, small-volume corrected = 0.020). Moreover, individual differences in distraction-related attenuation of taste activation in the insula predicted increased subsequent ad libitum food intake after distraction (r = 0.36). CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal a mechanism explaining how distraction during consumption attenuates neural taste processing. Moreover, our study shows that such distraction-induced decreases in neural taste processing contribute to individual differences in the susceptibility for overeating. Thus, being mindful about the taste of food during consumption could perhaps be part of successful prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity, which should be further tested in these target groups. This study was preregistered at the Open Science Framework as https://bit.ly/31RtDHZ. CI - Copyright (c) The Author(s) 2020. FAU - Duif, Iris AU - Duif I AD - Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands. FAU - Wegman, Joost AU - Wegman J AD - Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands. FAU - Mars, Monica M AU - Mars MM AD - Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands. FAU - de Graaf, Cees AU - de Graaf C AD - Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands. FAU - Smeets, Paul A M AU - Smeets PAM AD - Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands. AD - Image Sciences Institute and UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. FAU - Aarts, Esther AU - Aarts E AD - Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Brain Mapping MH - Cerebral Cortex/*diagnostic imaging/*physiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Eating MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Male MH - *Taste Perception MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7198299 OTO - NOTNLM OT - attention OT - consumption OT - distraction OT - fMRI OT - insula OT - orbitofrontal cortex OT - taste EDAT- 2020/03/17 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/01 06:00 PMCR- 2020/03/16 CRDT- 2020/03/17 06:00 PHST- 2019/10/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/03/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/03/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0002-9165(22)01092-9 [pii] AID - nqaa032 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa032 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 May 1;111(5):950-961. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa032. PMID- 32165270 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210317 LR - 20210317 IS - 1095-8304 (Electronic) IS - 0195-6663 (Linking) VI - 150 DP - 2020 Jul 1 TI - Portion size selection in children: Effect of sensory imagery for snacks varying in energy density. PG - 104656 LID - S0195-6663(19)31365-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104656 [doi] AB - Food sensory imagery - creating a vivid mental image of the sensory experience of eating - can lead to the selection of smaller portions because it serves as a reminder that eating enjoyment does not necessarily increase with portion size. The evidence is mostly limited to adults and to energy-dense foods for which it is particularly difficult to predict the satiating effects of consumption quantity. The objective was to study how food sensory imagery influences portion size selection of foods varying in energy density (brownie and applesauce) by 7- to 11-year-old children. During after-school time, 171 children were randomized into two conditions. Children in the food sensory imagery condition were asked to imagine the taste, smell, and texture of eating palatable foods, i.e., chocolate cereal, chocolate waffle, and chocolate candies. Children in the control condition performed a similar sensory imagery task for non-food-related activities. Children were then asked to choose between the recommended serving size, a 50% larger portion, and a 125% larger portion of either brownie or applesauce. One week later, they were placed in the same condition for the other food. Compared to the control condition, food sensory imagery led children to choose 7.1% less brownie but had no effect on applesauce portion selection. Exploratory findings showed that the food sensory imagery intervention was especially effective at reducing brownie portion size selection among children who were moderately hungry, who usually eat fast, and whose parents pressure them to eat. In conclusion, food sensory imagery may be a useful intervention to nudge children towards healthier portion size choices because it reduces the selected portion size of an energy-dense snack without reducing the selected portion size of a healthier snack. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Lange, Christine AU - Lange C AD - Centre des Sciences du Gout et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte, F-21000, Dijon, France. Electronic address: christine.lange@inrae.fr. FAU - Schwartz, Camille AU - Schwartz C AD - Centre des Sciences du Gout et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte, F-21000, Dijon, France. FAU - Hachefa, Celia AU - Hachefa C AD - Centre des Sciences du Gout et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte, F-21000, Dijon, France; INSEAD, F-77300, Fontainebleau, France. FAU - Cornil, Yann AU - Cornil Y AD - UBC Sauder, Canada. FAU - Nicklaus, Sophie AU - Nicklaus S AD - Centre des Sciences du Gout et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte, F-21000, Dijon, France. FAU - Chandon, Pierre AU - Chandon P AD - INSEAD, F-77300, Fontainebleau, France. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03350932 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200309 PL - England TA - Appetite JT - Appetite JID - 8006808 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Child Behavior/*psychology MH - Choice Behavior MH - Eating/*psychology MH - Energy Intake MH - Female MH - Food Preferences/*psychology MH - Humans MH - Hunger MH - Imagery, Psychotherapy MH - Imagination MH - Male MH - Pleasure MH - Portion Size/*psychology MH - Snacks/*psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood OT - Energy density OT - Food choice OT - Mental imagery OT - Mindful eating COIS- Declaration of competing interest None of the authors have any conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work. EDAT- 2020/03/14 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/18 06:00 CRDT- 2020/03/14 06:00 PHST- 2019/10/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/02/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/03/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/03/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/14 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0195-6663(19)31365-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104656 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appetite. 2020 Jul 1;150:104656. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104656. Epub 2020 Mar 9. PMID- 32146410 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200529 LR - 20200529 IS - 1879-1026 (Electronic) IS - 0048-9697 (Linking) VI - 720 DP - 2020 Jun 10 TI - Cocoa-laden cadmium threatens human health and cacao economy: A critical view. PG - 137645 LID - S0048-9697(20)31156-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137645 [doi] AB - In the recent decades, Cd burden in cocoa-based products threatened global food safety, human health and the future of chocolateries. Increased Cd bioavailability is an acute problem in cacao-based horticulture. Poverty, poor maintenance, unjustified traditional farming, and paucity of knowledge on Cd-binding propensity in cacao discourage the application of risk-mitigation measures. Progressive accumulation of Cd, with a half-life of 10-30 years, in the human body even at ultra-trace levels may lead to serious health complications. If Cd accumulates in the food chain through cocoa products, consequences in children, who are the primary consumers of chocolates, include morbidity and mortality that may result in a significant demographic transition by the year 2050. Developing cacao clones with an innate capability of taking up low Cd levels from soils, and site-specific Cd-cacao research might contribute to limiting the trophic transfer of Cd. This review highlights the possible routes for Cd uptake in cacao plants and discusses the measures to rescue the chocolateries from Cd pollution to promote "healthy" cacao farming. The potential human health risks of chocolate-laden Cd and mitigation strategies to minimize Cd burden in the human body are also presented. The challenges and prospects in Cd-cacao research are discussed as well. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Maddela, Naga Raju AU - Maddela NR AD - Instituto de Investigacion, Universidad Tecnica de Manabi, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador; Facultad la Ciencias la Salud, Universidad Tecnica de Manabi, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador. FAU - Kakarla, Dhatri AU - Kakarla D AD - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. FAU - Garcia, Luz Cecilia AU - Garcia LC AD - Instituto de Investigacion, Universidad Tecnica de Manabi, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador; Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad Tecnica de Manabi, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador. FAU - Chakraborty, Sagnik AU - Chakraborty S AD - Hebei University of Technology, School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Beichen, Tianjin, PR China. FAU - Venkateswarlu, Kadiyala AU - Venkateswarlu K AD - Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu 515003, India. FAU - Megharaj, Mallavarapu AU - Megharaj M AD - Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. Electronic address: megh.mallavarapu@newcastle.edu.au. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20200229 PL - Netherlands TA - Sci Total Environ JT - The Science of the total environment JID - 0330500 RN - 0 (Soil) RN - 0 (Soil Pollutants) RN - 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium) SB - IM MH - *Cacao MH - Cadmium MH - Humans MH - Soil MH - Soil Pollutants OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cd-cocoa linkage OT - Health risks in children OT - Theobroma cacao OT - Threat to chocolateries OT - Trophic transfer of Cd COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2020/03/09 06:00 MHDA- 2020/05/30 06:00 CRDT- 2020/03/09 06:00 PHST- 2019/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/02/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/02/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/03/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/05/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/09 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0048-9697(20)31156-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137645 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jun 10;720:137645. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137645. Epub 2020 Feb 29. PMID- 32135271 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210205 LR - 20210205 IS - 1879-0720 (Electronic) IS - 0928-0987 (Linking) VI - 147 DP - 2020 Apr 30 TI - Pediatric-friendly chocolate-based dosage forms for the oral administration of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs fabricated with extrusion-based 3D printing. PG - 105291 LID - S0928-0987(20)30080-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105291 [doi] AB - The aim of the current study was the development of pediatric-friendly 3D printed chocolate-based oral dosage forms. Corn syrup was used to both facilitate the incorporation of a lipophilic, namely ibuprofen or a hydrophilic, namely paracetamol, active compound that were used as model drugs and to enable 3D printing of the chocolate-based dosage forms. Physicochemical (differential scanning calorimetry, X-Ray diffraction, Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size distribution) and rheological studies were applied for the characterization of the prepared chocolate-based formulations. Texture profile analysis and in vitro digestion studies were performed in order to further analyze the texture attributes and to evaluate drug dissolution of the final dosage forms, respectively. In the present study, we reported on a facile method for the preparation of a 3D printed chewable chocolate-based dosage form with rapid and high release of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs in simulated salivary fluid. The application of 3D printing technology enables accuracy in dose adjustment, while at the same time introducing the potential of patient's active involvement in customization of the design, textural and organoleptic properties of the final dosage form. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Karavasili, Christina AU - Karavasili C AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR 54124, Greece. Electronic address: karavasc@pharm.auth.gr. FAU - Gkaragkounis, Angelos AU - Gkaragkounis A AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR 54124, Greece. FAU - Moschakis, Thomas AU - Moschakis T AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, GR 54124, Greece. FAU - Ritzoulis, Christos AU - Ritzoulis C AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Sindos Campus, Thessaloniki, GR 57400, Greece. FAU - Fatouros, Dimitrios G AU - Fatouros DG AD - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR 54124, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200302 PL - Netherlands TA - Eur J Pharm Sci JT - European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences JID - 9317982 RN - 0 (Dosage Forms) RN - 362O9ITL9D (Acetaminophen) RN - WK2XYI10QM (Ibuprofen) SB - IM MH - Acetaminophen/administration & dosage MH - Administration, Oral MH - Child MH - Chocolate MH - Dosage Forms MH - Drug Compounding/*methods MH - Drug Liberation MH - Humans MH - Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions MH - Ibuprofen/administration & dosage MH - Printing, Three-Dimensional MH - Technology, Pharmaceutical/*methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chocolate ink OT - Extrusion-based 3D printing OT - Pediatric drug delivery EDAT- 2020/03/07 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/07 06:00 CRDT- 2020/03/06 06:00 PHST- 2019/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/02/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/03/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/03/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/06 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0928-0987(20)30080-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105291 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Pharm Sci. 2020 Apr 30;147:105291. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105291. Epub 2020 Mar 2. PMID- 32116139 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220321 LR - 20220321 IS - 1476-8305 (Electronic) IS - 1028-415X (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan TI - Artificial food coloring affects EEG power and ADHD symptoms in college students with ADHD: a pilot study. PG - 159-168 LID - 10.1080/1028415X.2020.1730614 [doi] AB - Objectives: Removing artificial food coloring (AFC) is a common dietary intervention for children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but has not been tested in young adults. This pilot study examined the effects of AFC on ADHD symptoms and electroencephalography (EEG) in college students with and without ADHD.Methods: At baseline, control and ADHD participants completed the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), simple and complex attention measures, and resting-state EEG recordings. ADHD participants (n = 18) and a subset of controls (extended control group or EC, n = 11) avoided AFC in their diet for 2 weeks and then were randomized to a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover challenge. Subjects received either 225 mg AFC disguised in chocolate cookies or placebo chocolate cookies for 3 days each week, with testing on the third day each week. Baseline comparisons were made using Student's t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum tests and challenge period analyses were run using General Linear Modeling.Results: The ADHD group had significantly greater scores on the ASRS (p < 0.001), confirming a symptom differential between groups; however, there were no differences in attentional measures or EEG at baseline. The AFC challenge resulted in an increase in posterior mean gamma power (p = 0.05), a decrease in posterior relative alpha power (p = 0.04), and a marginal increase in inattentive symptoms (p = 0.08) in the ADHD group. There were no effects of AFC in the EC group.Discussion: This study indicates that AFC exposure may affect brainwave activity and ADHD symptoms in college students with ADHD. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings. FAU - Kirkland, Anna E AU - Kirkland AE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5308-2423 AD - Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC, USA. FAU - Langan, Mackenzie T AU - Langan MT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7783-0414 AD - Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC, USA. FAU - Holton, Kathleen F AU - Holton KF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2619-7983 AD - Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington, DC, USA. AD - Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20200301 PL - England TA - Nutr Neurosci JT - Nutritional neuroscience JID - 100892202 RN - 0 (Food Coloring Agents) SB - IM MH - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/*chemically induced/*physiopathology MH - Brain Waves/drug effects/physiology MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Double-Blind Method MH - *Electroencephalography MH - Food Coloring Agents/*adverse effects MH - Humans MH - *Pilot Projects MH - Students MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) OT - adults OT - artificial food coloring OT - electroencephalography (EEG) OT - food additives EDAT- 2020/03/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/22 06:00 CRDT- 2020/03/03 06:00 PHST- 2020/03/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/03 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/1028415X.2020.1730614 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Neurosci. 2022 Jan;25(1):159-168. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2020.1730614. Epub 2020 Mar 1. PMID- 32110818 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201228 LR - 20201228 IS - 2194-9387 (Electronic) IS - 2194-9379 (Linking) VI - 70 IP - 4 DP - 2020 Apr TI - Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacterial Agents Causing Meningitis in Children Older than 1 Month. PG - 174-177 LID - 10.1055/a-1112-7006 [doi] AB - The frequency and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial meningitis in children older than one month at Children's Medical Center during 2012-2017 were evaluated in this study. The CSF samples were cultured, and antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed. The samples were cultured on chocolate agar, blood agar (for gram positive) and Mkanky (for gram negative). The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. In total, 72 samples were positive for bacterial infection where Staphylococcus epidermidis (20.8%) was seen most and Enterobacter (1.4%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.4%) was seen least. Most of these patients were under 1 year of the age and overall frequency of positive cultures of CSF in men (58.3%) was greater than women (41.7%). Bacterial meningitis has relatively diverse etiological factors that include; time of infection, geographical location and age. Most commonly seen bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus with S.epidermidis whereas, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was seen least. This result can be substantial in hospitalized patients, because these bacteria are also the result of nosocomial infections. CI - (c) Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart . New York. FAU - Mohsenipour, Reihaneh AU - Mohsenipour R AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Gharib, Behdad AU - Gharib B AD - Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Eshaghi, Hamid AU - Eshaghi H AD - Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Rahmani, Parisa AU - Rahmani P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8014-1978 AD - Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200228 PL - Germany TA - Drug Res (Stuttg) JT - Drug research JID - 101602406 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Child, Preschool MH - Drug Resistance, Bacterial MH - Enterobacter/drug effects/isolation & purification MH - Escherichia coli/drug effects/isolation & purification MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Iran MH - Male MH - Meningitis, Bacterial/*drug therapy/*microbiology MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects/isolation & purification MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Sex Factors MH - Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/isolation & purification MH - Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/isolation & purification COIS- The other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2020/02/29 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/29 06:00 CRDT- 2020/02/29 06:00 PHST- 2020/02/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/02/29 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/a-1112-7006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Drug Res (Stuttg). 2020 Apr;70(4):174-177. doi: 10.1055/a-1112-7006. Epub 2020 Feb 28. PMID- 32110181 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220413 IS - 1658-3612 (Electronic) IS - 1658-3612 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Feb TI - Pattern of bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility among neonatal sepsis cases at Cairo University Children Hospital. PG - 39-47 LID - 10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.12.005 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Neonatal sepsis is the third leading contributor to mortality and morbidity. Emanating resistance to antibiotics in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is considered a major burden. In this study, we aimed to investigate the bacterial prevalence and antibiotic profile among patients admitted with sepsis in the NICU of Cairo University Children Hospital. METHODS: Neonates with suspected sepsis were evaluated for bacterial sepsis in their blood cultures. The neonates with positive bacterial blood culture were included in this study, whereas neonates with negative culture were excluded. Positive samples were sub-cultured on blood, MacConkey, and chocolate agar plates. Organisms were identified by Gram staining and biochemical reactions. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. RESULTS: Seventy blood cultures (31.7%) were bacteria-positive: 45.3% for Klebsiella, 22.7% for coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), and for Acinetobacter (10.7%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (9.3%), Pseudomonas (5.3%), Enterobacter (4%), and streptococci (2.7%). High resistance to all cephalosporins, B-lactamase combinations, penicillin, carbapenems, and aminoglycosides was observed. All Gram-negative Enterobacteria showed the highest sensitivity to levofloxacin, whereas Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter were highly sensitive to polymyxin B. Gram-positive samples were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. Streptococci were slightly sensitive to vancomycin and highly sensitive to macrolides and cefotaxime. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, Klebsiella and CoNS were the most common isolates in neonatal sepsis. The levels of multidrug-resistant strains were alarmingly high. This finding negatively affected the outcomes, prompting the need for a strict guideline for antibiotics use. CI - (c) 2020 The Authors. FAU - Almohammady, Mohammad N AU - Almohammady MN AD - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine-Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Eltahlawy, Eman M AU - Eltahlawy EM AD - Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. FAU - Reda, Nashwa M AU - Reda NM AD - Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine-Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200204 PL - Saudi Arabia TA - J Taibah Univ Med Sci JT - Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences JID - 101621911 PMC - PMC7033391 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibiotic resistance OT - Antibiotic sensitivity OT - Bacterial prevalence OT - Neonatal sepsis EDAT- 2020/02/29 06:00 MHDA- 2020/02/29 06:01 PMCR- 2020/02/04 CRDT- 2020/02/29 06:00 PHST- 2019/10/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/12/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/12/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/02/29 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/02/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/02/29 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/02/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1658-3612(20)30006-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.12.005 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2020 Feb 4;15(1):39-47. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.12.005. eCollection 2020 Feb. PMID- 32075015 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201217 LR - 20201217 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2020 Feb 14 TI - Beneficial Effects of Dark Chocolate for Episodic Memory in Healthy Young Adults: A Parallel-Groups Acute Intervention with a White Chocolate Control. LID - 10.3390/nu12020483 [doi] LID - 483 AB - There is good evidence that cocoa flavonoids can acutely improve cognitive function in humans, possibly via mechanisms such as increased cerebral blood flow. To date, much of the evidence is based on measures of executive function with extracts and cocoa-based interventions with a high flavonoid content. The aim of the present study was to explore whether benefits to episodic verbal memory and mood are observed two hours post consumption of a commercially available dark chocolate (DC) bar relative to a 35 g white chocolate bar (WC). Ninety-eight healthy young adults (n = 57 females) aged 18-24 years consumed either a 35 g DC bar or a calorie-matched low flavonoid WC bar. Verbal episodic memory and mood were assessed pre consumption and 2 h post consumption. An ANOVA analysis showed that the DC was associated with better verbal memory performance for several outcome measures of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test relative to the WC, however, there were no effects on mood. These findings lend support to the notion that everyday available portions of dark chocolate can confer benefits to the brain in healthy consumers. FAU - Lamport, Daniel J AU - Lamport DJ AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG1 1AR, UK. FAU - Christodoulou, Eleni AU - Christodoulou E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8874-7632 AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG1 1AR, UK. FAU - Achilleos, Christina AU - Achilleos C AD - School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG1 1AR, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200214 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Flavonoids) RN - 0 (Polyphenols) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Affect MH - *Chocolate/analysis MH - Cognition/*drug effects MH - Executive Function/*drug effects MH - Female MH - Flavonoids/*isolation & purification/*pharmacology MH - Humans MH - Learning/drug effects MH - Male MH - Memory/*drug effects MH - *Memory, Episodic MH - Polyphenols/*isolation & purification/*pharmacology MH - Time Factors MH - Verbal Behavior/*drug effects MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7071338 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cocoa OT - cognition OT - cognitive function OT - episodic memory OT - flavonoids OT - memory OT - polyphenols COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/02/23 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/18 06:00 PMCR- 2020/02/01 CRDT- 2020/02/21 06:00 PHST- 2019/12/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/02/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/02/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/02/21 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/02/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu12020483 [pii] AID - nutrients-12-00483 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu12020483 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2020 Feb 14;12(2):483. doi: 10.3390/nu12020483. PMID- 32073881 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210604 LR - 20210604 IS - 1715-5320 (Electronic) IS - 1715-5312 (Linking) VI - 45 IP - 8 DP - 2020 Aug TI - Examining the diversity of ultra-processed food consumption and associated factors in Canadian adults. PG - 857-864 LID - 10.1139/apnm-2019-0518 [doi] AB - Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is increasing globally at an unprecedented rate. We investigated UPF consumption among Canadian adults and associated sociodemographic and health-related factors. This study was a secondary analysis of the Foodbook study (2014-2015), which collected self-reported data on foods consumed by Canadians during a 7-day period. UPF diversity was assessed by summing the different types of UPFs consumed in the previous week to produce a diversity score. Descriptive statistics summarized UPF diversity among subgroups in Canada. Regression models identified significant associations between UPF diversity, body mass index (BMI), and sociodemographic variables. This study included 6062 participants, aged 18 years and older, representing 24.7 million Canadian adults. Almost all Canadian adults (99.0%) consumed UPFs at least once weekly. The most common UPFs consumed were chocolate, chips/pretzels, cold breakfast cereal, and fast foods. UPF diversity was greatest among men, young respondents, those with high income, and those with obesity. When controlling for potential confounders, UPF diversity for men and women was significantly associated with younger age and higher BMI; it was also associated with region for women. This study suggests UPF consumption in Canada varies across sociodemographic subgroups, but ultimately is pervasive. Further research examining potential health risks associated with UPF consumption is encouraged to inform Canadian interventions. Novelty: Almost all Canadians consume at least one type of ultra-processed food weekly. Nearly half or more Canadians consume chocolate, chips/pretzels, cold breakfast cereal, or fast food at least once weekly. Gender, age, and BMI are consistently associated with ultra-processed food diversity. FAU - Seale, Emily AU - Seale E AD - Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. FAU - Greene-Finestone, Linda S AU - Greene-Finestone LS AD - Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. AD - Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. FAU - de Groh, Margaret AU - de Groh M AD - Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. AD - Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200219 PL - Canada TA - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab JT - Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme JID - 101264333 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Aged MH - Body Mass Index MH - Canada MH - *Diet MH - Fast Foods/*statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Sex Factors MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Canada OT - aliments ultra-transformes OT - enquetes de sante OT - food habits OT - food processing OT - habitudes alimentaires OT - health surveys OT - obesity OT - obesite OT - transformation des aliments OT - ultra-processed foods EDAT- 2020/02/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/05 06:00 CRDT- 2020/02/20 06:00 PHST- 2020/02/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/02/20 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1139/apnm-2019-0518 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2020 Aug;45(8):857-864. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0518. Epub 2020 Feb 19. PMID- 32047290 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210624 LR - 20261012 IS - 1476-5640 (Electronic) IS - 0954-3007 (Linking) VI - 74 IP - 9 DP - 2020 Sep TI - Intake of saturated fat, trans fat, and added sugars by the Brazilian population: an indicator to evaluate diet quality. PG - 1316-1324 LID - 10.1038/s41430-020-0582-y [doi] AB - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: In recent decades, changes in the diet of Brazilians have been characterized by increased consumption of high energy-dense foods, rich in fat and sugar. This study was aimed at assessing diet quality based on the intake of foods with high content of solid fat and added sugars (SoFAS). SUBJECTS/METHODS: The first Brazilian National Dietary Survey (2008-2009) is a nationwide representative cross-sectional study that collected food records from 34,003 >/= 10-year-old individuals. A receiver-operating characteristic curve was used to determine the limit that would identify diets with high SoFAS content. RESULTS: The limit of 45% of total dietary energy provided by SoFAS was adopted to classify diets with excessive content. The SoFAS provided 53% of daily energy intake to adolescents, 49% to adults, and 48% to the elderly. A high intake of SoFAS was found in 64.7% of adolescents, 59.1% of adults, and 57.8% of the elderly. The contribution of SoFAS to daily energy intake increased with income in all age groups. Those with high consumption of SoFAS had higher intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages, cookies and cakes, processed meats, chips, candy and chocolate, and sandwiches and snacks, when compared with those that had moderate SoFAS intake (<45% of daily energy). CONCLUSIONS: The 45% cutoff point for the contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake, utilized to classify low-quality diets, allowed to point out the high-risk profile of the Brazilian diet. FAU - Monteiro, Luana Silva AU - Monteiro LS AD - Curso de Nutricao. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Aluizio da Silva Gomes, 50-Novo Cavaleiros, CEP 27930-560, Macae, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. luananutrir@gmail.com. FAU - Rodrigues, Paulo Rogerio Melo AU - Rodrigues PRM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4213-0685 AD - Faculdade de Nutricao. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367. Bairro Boa Esperanca, CEP 78060-900, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil. FAU - Sichieri, Rosely AU - Sichieri R AD - Instituto de Medicina Social-Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Sao Francisco Xavier, 524, Pavilhao Joao Lyra Filho, 7 degrees andar, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Pereira, Rosangela Alves AU - Pereira RA AD - Departamento de Nutricao Social e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edificio do Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Bloco J, 2 degrees andar, Cidade Universitaria, CEP 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200211 PL - England TA - Eur J Clin Nutr JT - European journal of clinical nutrition JID - 8804070 RN - 0 (Sugars) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Brazil MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Diet MH - Energy Intake MH - Humans MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - *Sugars EDAT- 2020/02/13 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/25 06:00 CRDT- 2020/02/13 06:00 PHST- 2019/01/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/01/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/02/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/02/13 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41430-020-0582-y [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41430-020-0582-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020 Sep;74(9):1316-1324. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-0582-y. Epub 2020 Feb 11. PMID- 32045514 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220413 IS - 2508-7576 (Electronic) IS - 2508-6235 (Print) IS - 2508-6235 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Mar 30 TI - Three-Month Daily Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Affects the Liver, Adipose Tissue, and Glucose Metabolism. PG - 26-38 LID - 10.7570/jomes19042 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests links between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and metabolic disorders. We investigated the effects of SSBs commonly consumed by adolescents and their relationships to glucose metabolism and fatty liver. METHODS: We treated 7-week old male C57BL/6 mice with water (control) or one of three different SSBs, carbonated soda (Coca-Cola), sweetened milk coffee (Maxwell), or chocolate-added cocoa (Choco-Latte), for 13 weeks (n=10 in each group). Half of the animals were fed a regular chow diet and the other half a high-fat diet (40% fat). Body composition and biochemical variables were investigated at the end of treatment. Histology of the liver and adipose tissue, as well as molecular signaling related to glucose and lipid metabolism, were also evaluated. RESULTS: During the 13-week treatment, mice treated with chocolate-added cocoa or sweetened milk coffee showed significantly greater increases in body weight compared with controls, especially when fed a high-fat diet. Fasting glucose level was higher in the three SSB-treated groups compared with the control group. Lipid droplets in the liver, fat cell size, and number of CD68-positive cells in adipose tissue were greater in the SSB-treated groups than in the control group. SSB treatments increased the expression of genes related to inflammatory processes in the liver and adipose tissue. Phosphorylation of AKT and glycogen synthase kinase in muscle was significantly reduced in SSB-treated groups. CONCLUSION: Daily consumption of SSBs over 3 months lead to metabolic impairment and weight gain and may contribute to development of metabolic diseases. FAU - Lee, Ghayoung AU - Lee G AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea. FAU - Han, Ji Hye AU - Han JH AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea. FAU - Maeng, Hyo Jin AU - Maeng HJ AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea. FAU - Lim, Soo AU - Lim S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4137-1671 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Korea (South) TA - J Obes Metab Syndr JT - Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome JID - 101704724 PMC - PMC7118004 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diabetes mellitus OT - Fatty liver OT - Glucose homeostasis OT - Insulin resistance OT - Sugar-sweetened beverage COIS- CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/02/12 06:00 MHDA- 2020/02/12 06:01 PMCR- 2020/03/30 CRDT- 2020/02/12 06:00 PHST- 2019/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/08/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/10/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/02/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/02/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/02/12 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - jomes19042 [pii] AID - JOMES-29-026 [pii] AID - 10.7570/jomes19042 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Obes Metab Syndr. 2020 Mar 30;29(1):26-38. doi: 10.7570/jomes19042. PMID- 32016643 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210623 LR - 20261012 IS - 1436-6215 (Electronic) IS - 1436-6207 (Linking) VI - 59 IP - 8 DP - 2020 Dec TI - Monitoring caffeine intake in children with a questionnaire and urine collection: a cross-sectional study in a convenience sample in Switzerland. PG - 3537-3543 LID - 10.1007/s00394-020-02187-3 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were (1) to estimate caffeine intake and identify the main sources of intake using a dietary questionnaire, (2) to assess 24-h urinary excretion of caffeine and its metabolites, and (3) to assess how self-reported intake estimates correlates with urinary excretion among children in Switzerland. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of children between 6 and 16 years of age in one region of Switzerland. The participants filled in a dietary questionnaire and collected a 24-h urine sample. Caffeine intake was estimated with the questionnaire. Caffeine, paraxanthine, theophylline, and theobromine excretions were measured in the urine sample. Correlations between questionnaire-based intake and urinary excretion estimates were assessed using Spearman correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Ninety-one children were included in the analysis (mean age 10.6 years; 43% female). The mean daily caffeine intake estimate derived from the diet questionnaire was 39 mg (range 0-237), corresponding, when related to body weight, to 1.2 mg/kg (range 0.0-6.3). Seven children (8%) had a caffeine intake above the upper recommended level of 3 mg/kg per day. The main sources of caffeine intake were cocoa milk (29%), chocolate (25%), soft drinks (11%), mocha yogurt (10%), tea (8%), and energy drinks (8%). The 24-h urinary excretion of caffeine was 0.3 mg (range 0.0-1.5), paraxanthine 1.4 mg (range 0.0-7.1), theophylline 0.1 mg (range 0.0-0.6), and theobromine 14.8 mg (range 0.3-59.9). The correlations between estimates of caffeine intake and the 24-h urinary excretion of caffeine was modest (rho = 0.21, p = 0.046) and with the metabolites of caffeine were weak (rho = 0.09-0.11, p = 0.288-0.423). CONCLUSIONS: Caffeine intake in a sample of children in a region of Switzerland was relatively low. The major sources of intake were cocoa milk, chocolate and soft drinks. Self-reported caffeine intake correlated weakly with urinary excretion of caffeine and some of its main metabolites. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02900261. FAU - Rios-Leyvraz, Magali AU - Rios-Leyvraz M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0455-197X AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisante), Lausanne, Switzerland. magali.leyvraz@gmail.com. FAU - Bochud, Murielle AU - Bochud M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5727-0218 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisante), Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Tabin, Rene AU - Tabin R AD - Hospital of Valais, Sion, Switzerland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Genin, Bernard AU - Genin B AD - Hospital of Valais, Sion, Switzerland. AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Russo, Michel AU - Russo M AD - Hospital of Valais, Sion, Switzerland. FAU - Rossier, Michel F AU - Rossier MF AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. AD - Central Institute of Hospitals, Hospital of Valais, Sion, Switzerland. FAU - Eap, Chin B AU - Eap CB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0598-557X AD - Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland. AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Bovet, Pascal AU - Bovet P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0242-4259 AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisante), Lausanne, Switzerland. FAU - Chiolero, Arnaud AU - Chiolero A AD - Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisante), Lausanne, Switzerland. AD - Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. AD - Population Health Laboratory, #PopHealthLab, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02900261 GR - 5.15.03/Bundesamt fur Lebensmittelsicherheit und Veterinarwesen/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200203 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Nutr JT - European journal of nutrition JID - 100888704 RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) SB - IM MH - *Caffeine MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Switzerland MH - *Urine Specimen Collection OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescents OT - Caffeine OT - Children OT - Coffee OT - Dietary questionnaire OT - Switzerland OT - Urinary excretion EDAT- 2020/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/24 06:00 CRDT- 2020/02/05 06:00 PHST- 2019/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/01/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/02/05 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00394-020-02187-3 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00394-020-02187-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Nutr. 2020 Dec;59(8):3537-3543. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02187-3. Epub 2020 Feb 3. PMID- 32009325 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20200928 IS - 2092-7355 (Print) IS - 2092-7363 (Electronic) IS - 2092-7355 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2020 Mar TI - Imbalance of Gut Streptococcus, Clostridium, and Akkermansia Determines the Natural Course of Atopic Dermatitis in Infant. PG - 322-337 LID - 10.4168/aair.2020.12.2.322 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: The roles of gut microbiota on the natural course of atopic dermatitis (AD) are not yet fully understood. We investigated whether the composition and function of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) at 6 months of age could affect the natural course of AD up to 24 months in early childhood. METHODS: Fecal samples from 132 infants were analyzed using pyrosequencing, including 84 healthy controls, 22 transient AD and 26 persistent AD subjects from the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (COCOA) birth cohort. The functional profile of the gut microbiome was analyzed by whole-metagenome sequencing. SCFAs were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Low levels of Streptococcus and high amounts of Akkermansia were evident in transient AD cases, and low Clostridium, Akkermansia and high Streptococcus were found in children with persistent AD. The relative abundance of Streptococcus positively correlated with scoring of AD (SCORAD) score, whereas that of Clostridium negatively correlated with SCORAD score. The persistent AD group showed decreased gut microbial functional genes related to oxidative phosphorylation compared with healthy controls. Butyrate and valerate levels were lower in transient AD infants compared with healthy and persistent AD infants. CONCLUSIONS: Compositions, functions and metabolites of the early gut microbiome are related to natural courses of AD in infants. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology . The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease. FAU - Park, Yoon Mee AU - Park YM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4760-9262 AD - Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Lee, So Yeon AU - Lee SY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2499-0702 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kang, Mi Jin AU - Kang MJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8510-3268 AD - Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Bong Soo AU - Kim BS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1243-8280 AD - Department of Life Science, Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea. FAU - Lee, Min Jung AU - Lee MJ AD - Department of Life Science, Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea. FAU - Jung, Sung Su AU - Jung SS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0559-4982 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea. FAU - Yoon, Ji Sun AU - Yoon JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4904-9118 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Incheon, Korea. FAU - Cho, Hyun Ju AU - Cho HJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4282-4000 AD - Department of Pediatrics, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea. FAU - Lee, Eun AU - Lee E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7462-0144 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea. FAU - Yang, Song I AU - Yang SI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9648-4585 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea. FAU - Seo, Ju Hee AU - Seo JH AD - Department of Pediatrics, Dankuk University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea. FAU - Kim, Hyo Bin AU - Kim HB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1928-722X AD - Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Suh, Dong In AU - Suh DI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7817-8728 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Shin, Youn Ho AU - Shin YH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3227-5511 AD - Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyung Won AU - Kim KW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4529-6135 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Ahn, Kangmo AU - Ahn K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7751-9829 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. FAU - Hong, Soo Jong AU - Hong SJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1409-2113 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. sjhong@amc.seoul.kr. LA - eng GR - 2017M3A9F3043834/NRF/International GR - HI14C2687/MHW/International GR - 2008-E33030-00/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International GR - 2009-E33033-00/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International GR - 2011-E33021-00/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International GR - 2012-E33012-00/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International GR - 2013-E51003-00/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International GR - 2014-E51004-00/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International GR - 2014-E51004-01/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International GR - 2014-E51004-02/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International GR - 2017-E67002-00/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International GR - 2017-E67002-01/Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/International PT - Journal Article PL - Korea (South) TA - Allergy Asthma Immunol Res JT - Allergy, asthma & immunology research JID - 101518382 PMC - PMC6997289 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dermatitis, atopic OT - gastrointestinal microbiome OT - infant OT - metabolomics OT - metagenome COIS- There are no financial or other issues that might lead to conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2020/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2020/02/06 06:01 PMCR- 2020/03/01 CRDT- 2020/02/04 06:00 PHST- 2019/08/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/11/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/11/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/02/04 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/02/06 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 12.322 [pii] AID - 10.4168/aair.2020.12.2.322 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2020 Mar;12(2):322-337. doi: 10.4168/aair.2020.12.2.322. PMID- 31983912 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20200928 IS - 1654-661X (Print) IS - 1654-661X (Electronic) IS - 1654-661X (Linking) VI - 64 DP - 2020 TI - Groundnut spread likability, sensory properties, and intent to pay for quality certification. LID - 10.29219/fnr.v64.3600 [doi] AB - Quality-certified, nutritious novel groundnut spread has great commercialization possibilities due to evolving urban lifestyles in Africa, but lack of information about likability, sensory attributes, and consumer safety awareness is a severe barrier for small enterprises. This paper examines a novel groundnut spread, made of sorted kernels deemed free of aflatoxin, intended for use on bread in a fashion similar to groundnut paste or groundnut butter, but with modified sensory characteristics. In particular, it seeks to measure the effects of sensory attributes of the novel spread on the intent to pay for safety certification and the role of consumer awareness of aflatoxin. A novel spread was prepared with groundnut paste from sorted kernels (to eliminate the risk of aflatoxin contamination) and cocoa. Adults intercepted at Ghana's International Fair in 2012 volunteered to sample the spread and complete a questionnaire. Results from a tasting panel of untrained participants established that sensory attributes and panellist characteristics are relevant to the intent to pay for quality certification. Spread likability, aroma, education, knowledge about aflatoxin, packaging and being married were identified as major factors increasing the probability of intent to pay for quality certification whereas young age and the presence of children in a household lowered the probability. Results also identified income, education level, and having young children at home as increasing the chances of knowing about aflatoxin. Groundnut paste available in Ghana is often contaminated by aflatoxin as it is in other countries in the region and consumers cannot visually assess paste quality. Under the circumstances, quality certification is necessary. CI - (c) 2020 Qzgur Kaya et al. FAU - Kaya, Ozgur AU - Kaya O AD - Department of Economics, School of Business Administration, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. FAU - Florkowski, Wojciech J AU - Florkowski WJ AD - Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, USA. FAU - Sarpong, Daniel AU - Sarpong D AD - Department of Agribusiness Management, University of Ghana-Legon, Legon, Ghana. FAU - Chinnan, Manjeet S AU - Chinnan MS AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, USA. FAU - Ressurrecion, Anna V A AU - Ressurrecion AVA AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200109 PL - Sweden TA - Food Nutr Res JT - Food & nutrition research JID - 101488795 PMC - PMC6958613 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Groundnut OT - aflatoxin awareness OT - aroma OT - likability OT - quality certification OT - untrained panel EDAT- 2020/01/28 06:00 MHDA- 2020/01/28 06:01 PMCR- 2020/01/09 CRDT- 2020/01/28 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/10/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/11/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/01/28 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/01/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/01/28 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/01/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 3600 [pii] AID - 10.29219/fnr.v64.3600 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Food Nutr Res. 2020 Jan 9;64. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v64.3600. eCollection 2020. PMID- 31978316 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210322 LR - 20210322 IS - 2325-6621 (Electronic) IS - 2329-6933 (Print) IS - 2325-6621 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 5 DP - 2020 May TI - Changes in Flavor Preference in a Cohort of Long-Term Electronic Cigarette Users. PG - 573-581 LID - 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC [doi] AB - Rationale: The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has rapidly increased in the United States, and thousands of e-cigarette flavors are available. However, there remains a dearth of evidence on e-cigarette flavor use patterns among older e-cigarette users.Objectives: This longitudinal study examined changes in flavor use patterns in long-term e-cigarette users, assessed self-reported adverse reactions, and evaluated users' anticipated reactions to possible U.S. Food and Drug Administration e-cigarette flavor regulatory scenarios.Methods: The study population was 383 adult participants who completed two online e-cigarette surveys in 2012-2014 (baseline survey) and in 2017-2019 (follow-up survey). In both surveys, participants were asked, "Thinking about your preferred liquid, what is the name of this liquid flavor?" and to list all flavors used in the past 30 days. Flavor preference was classified using the Penn State Three-Step Flavor Classification method. Participants reported adverse events (open-ended description) with the associated flavor. Regulatory scenarios were presented, and participants selected perceived actions from among a list of 15 options.Results: Participants' age averaged 44 +/- 12 years; 86% were exclusive e-cigarette users, and 13% reported "poly-use" (i.e., e-cigarette and other tobacco product use). E-cigarette flavor preference migration occurred in all demographic groups: only 36-44% maintained a preference for their original flavor. Preference for tobacco and menthol or mint decreased over time (40% baseline vs. 22% follow-up); preference for fruit remained stable (23% baseline and follow-up), but chocolate/candy or other sweets preference significantly increased (16% baseline vs. 29% follow-up), and other flavors increased slightly. Migration to sweet flavors was more noticeable in younger adults (18-45 yr); exclusive e-cigarette users preferred sweet flavors more commonly than poly-users did (31% vs. 19%). Flavor-associated adverse reactions, mainly respiratory irritations, were reported by 26 (6.9%) participants. Nearly 50% of the participants reported that they would "find a way" to buy their preferred flavor or add flavoring agents themselves if nontobacco flavors were banned.Conclusions: Flavor migration toward sweet flavors occurred in long-term e-cigarette users, a trend most pronounced in younger and exclusive e-cigarette users. The anticipated maintenance of access to flavors despite regulation suggests an element of e-cigarette-related dependence that requires further evaluation. This information could help clinicians understand the health impacts of e-cigarette flavors, develop appropriate strategies for smoking cessation, and inform the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to plan future regulation of e-cigarette flavors. FAU - Du, Ping AU - Du P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1329-790X AD - Department of Public Health Sciences. AD - Department of Medicine, and. FAU - Bascom, Rebecca AU - Bascom R AD - Department of Public Health Sciences. AD - Department of Medicine, and. FAU - Fan, Tongyao AU - Fan T AD - Department of Public Health Sciences. FAU - Sinharoy, Ankita AU - Sinharoy A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6911-196X AD - Department of Public Health Sciences. FAU - Yingst, Jessica AU - Yingst J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3028-668X AD - Department of Public Health Sciences. FAU - Mondal, Pritish AU - Mondal P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7739-6320 AD - Department of Pediatrics, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. FAU - Foulds, Jonathan AU - Foulds J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2296-0726 AD - Department of Public Health Sciences. LA - eng GR - P50 DA036107/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - England TA - Ann Am Thorac Soc JT - Annals of the American Thoracic Society JID - 101600811 RN - 0 (Flavoring Agents) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems/*statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - *Flavoring Agents MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Personal Satisfaction MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - United States MH - United States Food and Drug Administration MH - Vaping/*epidemiology/*psychology MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC7193816 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Food and Drug Administration regulation OT - electronic cigarettes OT - flavors EDAT- 2020/01/25 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/23 06:00 PMCR- 2020/05/01 CRDT- 2020/01/25 06:00 PHST- 2020/01/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/01/25 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2020 May;17(5):573-581. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201906-472OC. PMID- 31932386 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210209 LR - 20210209 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Jan 13 TI - A repeated cross-sectional survey assessing changes in diet and nutrient quality of English primary school children's packed lunches between 2006 and 2016. PG - e029688 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029688 [doi] LID - e029688 AB - OBJECTIVE: Mandatory school meal standards were introduced in 2006 in England; however, no legislation exists for packed lunches. This study analyses provision of foods and nutrients in packed lunches in 2016 to highlight differences in diet and nutrient quality since 2006. DESIGN: Two cross-sectional surveys of children's packed lunches were conducted in 2006 and 2016. Data were analysed using multilevel regression models taking into account the clustering of children within primary schools. SETTING: Data were collected from 1148 children who attended 76 schools across England in 2006 and from 323 children attending 18 schools across England in 2016. PARTICIPANTS: Children were included if they regularly ate a packed lunch prepared at home (approximately half of children take a packed lunch to school) and were aged 8-9 years (in year 4), for both surveys. OUTCOME MEASURES: Data collected in both years included provision of weight and type of food, nutrients and proportion of lunches meeting individual and combined school meal standards. RESULTS: Frequency of provision and portion size of some food types changed substantially between surveys. Frequency of provision of confectionery in lunches reduced by 9.9% (95% CI -20.0 to 0.2%), sweetened drinks reduced by 14.4% (95% CI -24.8 to -4.0%), and cakes and biscuits not containing chocolate increased by 9.6% (95% CI 3.0 to 16.3%). Vegetable provision in lunches remained low. Substantial changes were seen in the percentage of lunches meeting some nutrient standards: non-milk extrinsic sugars (19%, 95% CI 10 to 29%), vitamin A (-8%, 95% CI -12 to -4%), vitamin C (-35%, 95% CI -42 to -28%) and zinc (-8%, 95% CI -14 to -1%). CONCLUSIONS: Packed lunches remain low quality with few meeting standards set for school meals. Provision of sugars has reduced due to reductions in provision and portion size of sugary drinks and packaged sweet foods; however, provision of some nutrients has worsened. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Evans, Charlotte Elizabeth Louise AU - Evans CEL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4065-4397 AD - School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK C.E.L.Evans@leeds.ac.uk. FAU - Melia, Kathryn Elizabeth AU - Melia KE AD - School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. FAU - Rippin, Holly L AU - Rippin HL AD - School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. FAU - Hancock, Neil AU - Hancock N AD - School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. FAU - Cade, Janet AU - Cade J AD - School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200113 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Diet/*standards MH - Energy Intake/physiology MH - England MH - Female MH - Food Preferences/*physiology MH - Food Services/*standards MH - Humans MH - *Lunch MH - Male MH - Nutrition Policy/*trends MH - Nutritive Value/*physiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Schools PMC - PMC7045752 OTO - NOTNLM OT - children OT - diet behaviour OT - diet quality OT - food packaging OT - portion size OT - school food COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2020/01/15 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/10 06:00 PMCR- 2020/01/13 CRDT- 2020/01/15 06:00 PHST- 2020/01/15 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/01/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/01/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2019-029688 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029688 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2020 Jan 13;10(1):e029688. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029688. PMID- 31880774 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200505 LR - 20230214 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 111 IP - 3 DP - 2020 Mar 1 TI - Reducing children's sugar intake through food reformulation: methods for estimating sugar reduction program targets, using New Zealand as a case study. PG - 622-634 LID - 10.1093/ajcn/nqz313 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Reducing sugar in packaged foods and beverages could help protect children's future health. Clear methods for the development of feasible yet impactful sugar reduction program targets are needed. OBJECTIVES: To outline methods for the development of program targets that would reduce, by 20%, the total sugar content of packaged foods and beverages commonly consumed by children. New Zealand (NZ) is used as a case study. METHODS: Sugar content and pack size targets were developed using a 6-step process informed by the UK sugar and salt reduction programs. Food groups contributing >/=2% to children's total sugar intake were identified using national dietary survey data. Consumption volume, sugar content, and pack size were obtained from household panel data linked with a packaged food composition database. Category-specific targets were set as 20% reductions in sales-weighted means adjusted for feasibility, i.e., approximately 1/3 of products already meeting the target, and alignment with existing, relevant targets. RESULTS: Twenty-two food groups were identified as major contributors to NZ children's total sugar intake. Mean reductions required in sugar content and pack size to meet the targets were 5.2 g per 100 g/mL (26%) and 61.2 g/mL/pack (23%), respectively. The percentage of products already meeting the sugar targets ranged from 14% for electrolyte drinks and flavored dairy milk to 50% for cereal bars, and for pack size targets compliance ranged from 32% for chocolate confectionary to 62% for fruit juices and drinks. Estimated reductions in annual household sugar purchases if the sugar and pack size targets were met were 1459 g (23%) and 286 g (6%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Methods for the development of sugar and pack size reduction targets are presented, providing a robust, step-by-step process for countries to follow. The results of the case study provide a suggested benchmark for a potential national sugar reduction program in NZ. CI - Copyright (c) The Author(s) 2019. FAU - Eyles, Helen AU - Eyles H AD - National Institute for Health Innovation, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. FAU - Trieu, Kathy AU - Trieu K AD - The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Sydney, Australia. AD - Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. FAU - Jiang, Yannan AU - Jiang Y AD - National Institute for Health Innovation, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. FAU - Mhurchu, Cliona Ni AU - Mhurchu CN AD - National Institute for Health Innovation, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. AD - The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Sydney, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 RN - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates) RN - 0 (Sugars) SB - IM MH - Dietary Carbohydrates/*analysis/metabolism/standards MH - Food Packaging MH - Food Quality MH - Food Supply/*standards MH - Humans MH - New Zealand MH - Nutritive Value MH - Serving Size MH - Sugars/*analysis/metabolism/standards OTO - NOTNLM OT - New Zealand OT - children OT - food industry OT - pack size OT - packaged food OT - portion size OT - processed food OT - serving size OT - sugars OT - targets EDAT- 2019/12/28 06:00 MHDA- 2020/05/06 06:00 CRDT- 2019/12/28 06:00 PHST- 2019/07/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/11/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/12/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/12/28 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0002-9165(22)01044-9 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ajcn/nqz313 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Mar 1;111(3):622-634. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz313. PMID- 31744671 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210531 LR - 20210531 IS - 1476-5411 (Electronic) IS - 1367-0484 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 2 DP - 2020 Apr TI - Effect of scleral lens use on conjunctival microbiota. PG - 189-191 LID - S1367-0484(19)30148-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clae.2019.11.001 [doi] AB - AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effect of scleral lens (SL) use on conjunctival microbiota. METHOD: A total of 26 eyes of 26 patients using an SL and 25 eyes of 25 healthy controls were included in the study. The samples were obtained from the lower fornices of the eyes using sterile swabs. For the bacteriological examination, a bacterial culture was obtained by inoculating the samples on chocolate agar, blood agar, MacConkey agar, and fluid thioglycollate medium. After 24-48 h of incubation at 37 (0)C, the growth of different colonies of bacteria was identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Bruker MALDI Biotyper). RESULTS: The mean age of the study group was 41.6 +/- 19.1 years (18-65); the mean age of the control group was 40 +/- 6 (21-62) (p = 0.69). There were 10 male patients and 16 female patients in the study group and 9 male patients and 16 female patients in the control group (p = 0.86). The mean duration of SL use was 13.7 +/- 13.4 months (1-42 months). No bacterial growth was observed in 17 (65.4 %) of the 26 eyes in the SL group and 5 (20 %) of the 25 eyes in the control group (p = 0.001). The most commonly observed microorganisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.epidermidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) in both groups. CONCLUSION: SL users were found to have a higher rate of culture negativity in comparison to the healthy controls, suggesting that SLs have a significant effect on conjunctival microbiota. CI - Copyright (c) 2019 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Dogan, Cezmi AU - Dogan C AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: cezmidogan@hotmail.com. FAU - Bahar Tokman, Hrisi AU - Bahar Tokman H AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Mergen, Burak AU - Mergen B AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Arslan, Osman Sevki AU - Arslan OS AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Iskeleli, Guzin AU - Iskeleli G AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20191117 PL - England TA - Cont Lens Anterior Eye JT - Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association JID - 9712714 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Bacteria/*growth & development MH - Conjunctiva/*microbiology MH - *Contact Lenses MH - Eye Infections, Bacterial/*microbiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Keratoconjunctivitis/*microbiology MH - Male MH - Microbiota/*physiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Sclera MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Colonization OT - Conjunctival microbiota OT - Microorganism OT - Scleral lens EDAT- 2019/11/21 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/01 06:00 CRDT- 2019/11/21 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/09/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/11/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/11/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/11/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - S1367-0484(19)30148-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clae.2019.11.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2020 Apr;43(2):189-191. doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2019.11.001. Epub 2019 Nov 17. PMID- 31727789 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201130 LR - 20201130 IS - 1470-2738 (Electronic) IS - 0143-005X (Linking) VI - 74 IP - 2 DP - 2020 Feb TI - Community-based cooking programme 'Eat Better Feel Better' can improve child and family eating behaviours in low socioeconomic groups. PG - 190-196 LID - 10.1136/jech-2018-211773 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The immediate and sustained impacts of the Eat Better Feel Better cooking programme (EBFBCP) on food choices and eating behaviours in families and children were evaluated. METHODS: The EBFBCP (6 weeks, 2 hours/week) was delivered by community-based organisations in Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Scotland. Before, after and at follow-up, parents/caregivers completed short pictorial questionnaires to report family/child eating behaviours and food literacy. RESULTS: In total, 83 EBFBCPs were delivered and 516 participants enrolled, of which 432 were parents and caregivers. Questionnaire completion rates were 57% (n=250) for before and after and 13% (n=58) for follow-up. Most participants (80%) were female, 25-44 years old (51%) and considered socioeconomically deprived (80%). The immediate effects of the EBFBCP on eating behaviours and food literacy were families ate less takeaway/fast foods (10% reduction, p=0.019) and ready meals (15% reduction, p=0.003) and cooked more from scratch (20% increase, p<0.001). Children's consumption of discretionary food/drinks was significantly reduced after the EBFBCP for sugary drinks (10% reduction, p=0.012), savoury snacks (18%, p=0.012), biscuits (17%, p=0.007), sweets/chocolates (23%, p=0.002), fried/roasted potatoes (17%, p<0.001) and savoury pastries (11%, p<0.001). The number of fruit (15%, p=0.008) and vegetable portions (10%, p<0.001) increased, while the number of biscuit portions decreased (13%, p=0.005). Parental food label reading increased (calories, 22%; fat, 23%; sugar, 22%; ingredients, 19%; and portion size, 19%). Most changes were sustained at a median of 10 months' follow-up. CONCLUSION: The EBFBCP improved children's and families' food choices and behaviours. The EBFBCP can be recommended to support families to make better food choices. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Garcia, Ada Lizbeth AU - Garcia AL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3526-2380 AD - Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK Ada.Garcia@glasgow.ac.uk. FAU - Athifa, Nurie AU - Athifa N AD - Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. FAU - Hammond, Elizabeth AU - Hammond E AD - Public Health Directorate, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK. FAU - Parrett, Alison AU - Parrett A AD - Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. FAU - Gebbie-Diben, Anne AU - Gebbie-Diben A AD - Public Health Directorate, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20191114 PL - England TA - J Epidemiol Community Health JT - Journal of epidemiology and community health JID - 7909766 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Cooking MH - Diet, Healthy MH - *Energy Intake MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - *Food Preferences MH - Fruit MH - Health Promotion MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Meals MH - Parents/*psychology MH - Program Evaluation MH - Scotland MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Vegetables OTO - NOTNLM OT - child health OT - diet OT - health behaviour OT - nutrition OT - public health COIS- Competing interests: None declared. EDAT- 2019/11/16 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/01 06:00 CRDT- 2019/11/16 06:00 PHST- 2018/10/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/10/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/10/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/11/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/11/16 06:00 [entrez] AID - jech-2018-211773 [pii] AID - 10.1136/jech-2018-211773 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Epidemiol Community Health. 2020 Feb;74(2):190-196. doi: 10.1136/jech-2018-211773. Epub 2019 Nov 14. PMID- 31713282 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201019 LR - 20201019 IS - 1442-200X (Electronic) IS - 1328-8067 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Jan TI - Breakfast consumption and obesity among preadolescents: An epidemiological study. PG - 81-88 LID - 10.1111/ped.14050 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to examine the association between breakfast consumption and childhood weight status, in relation to various socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted including 1,728 children aged 10-12 years and their parents, during the school years 2014-2016. Primary schools from five Greek counties (including the Athens metropolitan area) were randomly selected. Parental and child data were collected through self-administered, anonymous questionnaires. Children's weight status was based on gender- and age-specific tables derived from the International Obesity Task Force body mass index cutoffs. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between frequency and type of breakfast consumption and children's weight status. RESULTS: The frequency of breakfast consumption was not associated with childhood overweight or obesity, even when other factors were included in the analysis like sex, age, physical activity, meals / day, family annual income, parental weight status, parental physical activity level, parental educational level and parental employment status. From the nine foods that were included only the consumption of bread or rusks and chocolate milk were found to have a negative association with childhood overweight or obesity (odds ratio: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.79 and OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.87, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The result that frequency of breakfast consumption was not associated with children's overweight / obesity may lead to a deeper investigation of the foods consumed during breakfast. Bread or rusks and chocolate milk seemed to have a protective effect; further nutritional analysis is needed to explore the potential mechanisms of this observation. CI - (c) 2019 Japan Pediatric Society. FAU - Champilomati, Georgia AU - Champilomati G AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. FAU - Notara, Venetia AU - Notara V AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. AD - Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece. FAU - Prapas, Christos AU - Prapas C AD - Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece. FAU - Konstantinou, Eleni AU - Konstantinou E AD - Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece. FAU - Kordoni, Marialena AU - Kordoni M AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. FAU - Velentza, Anna AU - Velentza A AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. FAU - Mesimeri, Magdalini AU - Mesimeri M AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. FAU - Antonogeorgos, George AU - Antonogeorgos G AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. FAU - Rojas-Gil, Andrea Paola AU - Rojas-Gil AP AD - Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, Efstathiou & Stamatikis Valioti and Plateon, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece. FAU - Kornilaki, Ekaterina N AU - Kornilaki EN AD - Department of Preschool Education, School of Education, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. FAU - Lagiou, Areti AU - Lagiou A AD - Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece. FAU - Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B AU - Panagiotakos DB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8583-153X AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Australia TA - Pediatr Int JT - Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society JID - 100886002 SB - IM MH - Body Mass Index MH - Body Weight MH - *Breakfast MH - Child MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Epidemiologic Studies MH - Exercise MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Greece MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Parents MH - Pediatric Obesity/*epidemiology MH - Social Class MH - Surveys and Questionnaires OTO - NOTNLM OT - breakfast consumption OT - child obesity OT - child overweight OT - health promotion OT - type of breakfast EDAT- 2019/11/13 06:00 MHDA- 2020/10/21 06:00 CRDT- 2019/11/13 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/07/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/11/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/11/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/10/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/11/13 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/ped.14050 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Int. 2020 Jan;62(1):81-88. doi: 10.1111/ped.14050. PMID- 31654654 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200728 LR - 20221207 IS - 1095-9319 (Electronic) IS - 0026-2862 (Linking) VI - 128 DP - 2020 Mar TI - Acute consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa beverage improves attenuated cutaneous microvascular function in healthy young African Americans. PG - 103931 LID - S0026-2862(19)30153-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103931 [doi] AB - Flavanols have beneficial effects on vascular health and we have recently demonstrated that cerebral vasodilatory capacity in healthy young African Americans (AA) is improved with acute flavanol intake relative to aged-matched Caucasian Americans (CA). However, whether the positive benefits of acute flavanol consumption would also be present in the cutaneous microvascular circulation of AA remains unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that acute consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa (FC) would improve the previously reported reduced cutaneous microvascular responses to local heating in young AA. Seven AA and seven CA participated in this double-blind crossover study. Data were collected on two different days, separated by a minimum of one week. Two intradermal microdialysis membranes were inserted in the forearm and each site was randomly assigned to receive lactated Ringer's solution or NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Participants were randomly assigned to consume either a non-flavanol containing (NF) beverage or FC beverage. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated as cutaneous blood flux/mean arterial pressure and normalized as % maximal CVC (%CVCmax). The difference in %CVCmax between the Ringer's site and NOS inhibited site was calculated to assess NO contribution (Delta %CVCmax). In the Ringer's site, acute consumption of FC beverage improved %CVCmax during 39  degrees C heating when compared to NF beverage in AA (NF: 36 +/- 6 vs. FC: 47 +/- 5%CVCmax; P < .01) while there was similar %CVCmax during 39  degrees C heating between beverages in CA (NF: 55 +/- 4 vs. FC: 59 +/- 5%CVCmax; P = .40). During 39  degrees C heating, NO contribution was significantly higher with FC beverage than NF beverage in AA (NF: 27 +/- 5 vs. FC: 35 +/- 4 Delta %CVCmax; P = .03) while there was similar NO contribution between beverages in CA (NF: 42 +/- 4 vs. FC: 45 +/- 4 Delta %CVCmax; P = .36). This data suggests that acute consumption of FC could be a therapeutic solution to improve an attenuated microvascular function in young AA. CI - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kim, Kiyoung AU - Kim K AD - Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics and the Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America. FAU - Brothers, R Matthew AU - Brothers RM AD - Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States of America. Electronic address: matthew.brothers@uta.edu. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20191022 PL - United States TA - Microvasc Res JT - Microvascular research JID - 0165035 RN - 0 (Flavonols) RN - 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Black or African American MH - Age Factors MH - *Beverages MH - Blood Flow Velocity MH - *Cacao MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Female MH - Flavonols/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Healthy Volunteers MH - Humans MH - Hyperthermia, Induced MH - Male MH - Microcirculation/*drug effects MH - Nitric Oxide/metabolism MH - Regional Blood Flow MH - Skin/*blood supply MH - Texas MH - Vasodilation/*drug effects MH - White People MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - African Americans OT - Flavanols OT - Local heating OT - Microdialysis OT - Microvascular function EDAT- 2019/10/28 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/29 06:00 CRDT- 2019/10/27 06:00 PHST- 2019/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/09/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/10/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/10/27 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0026-2862(19)30153-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103931 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Microvasc Res. 2020 Mar;128:103931. doi: 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103931. Epub 2019 Oct 22. PMID- 31598970 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210526 LR - 20210526 IS - 1745-4603 (Electronic) IS - 0022-4901 (Linking) VI - 51 IP - 2 DP - 2020 Apr TI - How sensory sensitivity to graininess could be measured? PG - 242-251 LID - 10.1111/jtxs.12487 [doi] AB - Considering the lack of the literature and the need for developing a valid method to measure the texture sensitivity, in this study, we investigated the individual sensitivity to discriminate among different levels of graininess. With this purpose, five samples of cocoa-based creams were prepared, by changing the refining time. Samples were first characterized in terms of particles size distribution, by means of laser diffraction. Then, 59 subjects evaluated the cream sample graininess intensity, by using gLM scales, and their liking, by using LAM scales. The graininess scores of each subject were fitted with a power model, already observed with the instrumental results, estimating both the power law exponent and the R(2) coefficient, and using them as clustering parameters. Subjects were then clustered into three groups: high sensitivity; moderate sensitivity; low sensitivity. First, as it was hypothesized, results showed a significant difference between the three groups in terms of perceived graininess. Second, even though results showed a significant difference between the three groups in terms of perceived graininess, only little differences were found in terms of liking scores. Indeed, all the samples were equally liked for both the moderate and low sensitivity groups, whereas a significant trend was observed for the highly sensitive subjects who liked more the most refined samples. No significant relationships were found with age, and only a little trend was observed with gender: females seemed to be more sensitive than males. Texture attributes discrimination ability, as for example sensitivity to graininess, could affect food rejection or preferences and choice, but it is poorly investigated. This exploratory study, proposes a method to cluster consumers, based on their sensitivity. A statistical methodology has been developed to discriminate among consumer sensitivity levels. The results provide useful information about graininess sensitivity suggesting that the used methodologies could be applied to other texture properties resulting in a valid tool for the industry in the development and optimization of tailored new products. CI - (c) 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. FAU - Puleo, Sharon AU - Puleo S AD - Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy. FAU - Miele, Nicoletta A AU - Miele NA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9018-408X AD - Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy. FAU - Cavella, Silvana AU - Cavella S AD - Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy. FAU - Masi, Paolo AU - Masi P AD - Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy. AD - Academic Centre for Innovation and Development in the Food Industry, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy. FAU - Di Monaco, Rossella AU - Di Monaco R AD - Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20191020 PL - England TA - J Texture Stud JT - Journal of texture studies JID - 0252052 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - *Dairy Products MH - *Edible Grain MH - Female MH - *Food MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Sensation MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - cocoa-based creams OT - graininess OT - refining OT - sensitivity EDAT- 2019/10/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/05/27 06:00 CRDT- 2019/10/11 06:00 PHST- 2019/07/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/10/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/10/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/05/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/10/11 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jtxs.12487 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Texture Stud. 2020 Apr;51(2):242-251. doi: 10.1111/jtxs.12487. Epub 2019 Oct 20. PMID- 31574531 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210225 LR - 20261010 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) VI - 87 IP - 3 DP - 2020 Feb TI - Higher chocolate intake is associated with longer telomere length among adolescents. PG - 602-607 LID - 10.1038/s41390-019-0590-6 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Chocolate intake has shown cardiometabolic health benefits. Whether chocolate has any effect on cellular aging remains unknown. We aimed to test the hypothesis that higher chocolate intake is associated with longer leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in adolescents. METHODS: A total of 660 adolescents (aged 14-18 years) were included in the analysis. The chocolate intake was assessed by 7-day, 24-h dietary recalls and split into three groups, which were none, <2 servings/week, and 2 servings/week or more. LTL (T/S ratio) was determined by a modified quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based assay. RESULTS: Among the 660 adolescents, 58% did not take any chocolate, 25% consumed <2 servings/week, and 17% consumed >/=2 servings/week. Compared to non-consumers, adolescents who consumed chocolate of >/=2 servings/week had 0.27 standard deviation (SD) longer LTL (p = 0.014). Higher chocolate consumption was associated with increased apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) (p = 0.038) and ApoA1/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p = 0.046). Moreover, higher ApoA1/HDL levels were correlated with longer LTL (p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: Adolescents who consume 2 servings/week or more of chocolate candy have longer LTL compared with non-consumers, and ApoA1/HDL pathway may be involved in this relationship. FAU - Chen, Li AU - Chen L AD - Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. FAU - Zhu, Haidong AU - Zhu H AD - Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. FAU - Gutin, Bernard AU - Gutin B AD - Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. FAU - Sesso, Howard D AU - Sesso HD AD - Division of Preventive, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. AD - Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. FAU - Dong, Yanbin AU - Dong Y AD - Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. YDONG@augusta.edu. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20191001 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 RN - 0 (APOA1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Apolipoprotein A-I) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Lipoproteins, HDL) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Adolescent Behavior MH - Age Factors MH - Apolipoprotein A-I/blood MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - *Chocolate MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Lipoproteins, HDL/blood MH - Male MH - Serving Size MH - *Telomere Homeostasis EDAT- 2019/10/02 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/26 06:00 CRDT- 2019/10/02 06:00 PHST- 2019/03/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/08/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/10/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/10/02 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41390-019-0590-6 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41390-019-0590-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Res. 2020 Feb;87(3):602-607. doi: 10.1038/s41390-019-0590-6. Epub 2019 Oct 1. PMID- 31455467 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210625 LR - 20210625 IS - 1944-7922 (Electronic) IS - 1060-3271 (Linking) VI - 103 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Jan 1 TI - Single-Laboratory Validation of AOAC Official Method 2011.10 for Vitamin B12 in 'Indian' Infant and Pediatric Formulas and Adult Nutritionals. PG - 3-8 LID - 10.5740/jaoacint.19-0199 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Ensuring the quality of infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals is of utmost importance for the health and safety of rapidly urbanizing Indian population. B12 is an important water-soluble vitamin, which is fortified externally in such nutritional formulations. The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has a recommended microbiological assay-based method for determination of vitamin B12 that is not precise and accurate enough to meet the label claim requirements of infant, adult, and/or pediatric nutritionals. The AOAC Official Method 2011.10 was originally developed under the AOAC Stakeholder Panel on Infant Formula and Adult Nutritionals (SPIFAN) for the determination of vitamin B12 in infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals. However, those SPIFAN matrixes did not contain malt and other indigenous cereal and legume flour (with or without cocoa powder), which are commonly found in Indian formulations. Thus, there is a need to replace this method with a more precise and accurate method. OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to validate the AOAC Official Method 2011.10 on vitamin B12 in 'Indian' infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals. METHODS: The single-laboratory validation (SLV) of AOAC Method 2011.10 was carried out as per the AOAC Guidelines in six Indian pediatric and adult nutritional formulas to verify its fitness for purpose. Cobalamin in the sample was converted to cyanocobalamin on treatment with potassium cyanide. The sample was then subjected to clean up through a C18 cartridge. Vitamin B12 in the eluted extract was separated from other components using size-exclusion column chromatography followed by a C18 column. The HPLC analysis was carried out at 550 nm. RESULTS: Diastase treatment and C18 solid-phase extraction cleanup satisfactorily removed the matrix interference. The relative standard deviation of the determined values in 30 samples each from 6 selected Indian products and NIST SRM 1849a was <20%. The average recoveries for the spiked recovery samples ranged from 91.75 to 101.14%. CONCLUSIONS: Method 2011.10 met the standard method performance requirements set forth by the AOAC SPIFAN. Therefore, we recommend the Method 2011.10 for adoption as the BIS official method for the analysis of vitamin B12 in 'Indian' infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals. HIGHLIGHTS: This was the first SLV project that the AOAC India section undertook to extend the scope of the AOAC Method 2011.10 for vitamin B12 analysis by validating it in 'Indian' infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals. CI - (c) AOAC INTERNATIONAL 2020. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Amritkar, Priti N AU - Amritkar PN AD - Envirocare Labs Pvt. Ltd, A-7, Enviro House, Wagle Industrial Estate, Thane, 400604, India. FAU - Gujar, Laxman AU - Gujar L AD - Envirocare Labs Pvt. Ltd, A-7, Enviro House, Wagle Industrial Estate, Thane, 400604, India. FAU - Mittal, Ashutosh Kumar AU - Mittal AK AD - Syngene International Ltd, Syngene Regional Laboratory, ANRD, BSEZ Unit-VI, Block S-5, Plot No. 2 & 5, Phase-IV, Bomasandra Jigani Link Rd Bangalore 560100 India. FAU - Sheshadri, Anand AU - Sheshadri A AD - Agilent Technologies, India Pvt. Ltd, 4th Floor, Block C, RMZ Centennial, Plot No s 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, Bangalore 560048, India. FAU - Girdhar, Rajesh AU - Girdhar R AD - Biocon Park, Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Rd Bangalore 560099, India. FAU - Mitra, Ranjan AU - Mitra R AD - India Section of AOAC INTERNATIONAL, A-513, TTC Industrial Area MIDC, Mahape, Navi, Mumbai 400701, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J AOAC Int JT - Journal of AOAC International JID - 9215446 RN - P6YC3EG204 (Vitamin B 12) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid MH - Food, Formulated/analysis MH - Humans MH - India MH - Infant MH - Infant Formula/analysis MH - *Laboratories MH - *Vitamin B 12/analysis EDAT- 2019/08/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/29 06:00 CRDT- 2019/08/29 06:00 PHST- 2019/08/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/08/29 06:00 [entrez] AID - 5717538 [pii] AID - 10.5740/jaoacint.19-0199 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J AOAC Int. 2020 Jan 1;103(1):3-8. doi: 10.5740/jaoacint.19-0199. PMID- 31375462 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200706 LR - 20200706 IS - 2212-2672 (Print) IS - 2212-2672 (Linking) VI - 120 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Jan TI - Variations in Marginal Taste Perception by Body Mass Index Classification: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - 45-52 LID - S2212-2672(18)31527-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jand.2019.05.018 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The propensity to overeat may, in part, be a function of the satisfaction derived from eating. If levels of satisfaction derived from food differ among normal-weight, overweight, and obese adults, the quantification of satisfaction from food may help explain why some people eat more than others. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the satisfaction obtained from eating one specific food, chocolate, by measuring taste perception as normal-weight, overweight, and obese participants consumed additional pieces of chocolate. To measure the effect of nutritional information on chocolate consumption. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: We analyzed data on 290 adults; 161 had a body mass index (BMI) that was considered normal (<25), 78 had a BMI considered overweight (>/=25 and <30), and 51 had a BMI considered obese (>/=30). INTERVENTION: Participants were given samples of chocolate, one at a time, until they chose to stop eating. With each sample, participants were given a questionnaire. Half of the study participants were randomly selected to receive nutritional information (n=150). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perceived taste for each sample. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: We used time-series-regression to model perceived taste changes while controlling for participant characteristics. RESULTS: Study participants consumed between 2 and 51 pieces of chocolate with a mean of 12.1 pieces. Average taste perception decreased with each piece. We found no significant difference in taste perceptions between normal- and overweight participants. However, obese participants had higher levels of initial taste perception than normal- and overweight participants (P=0.02). Also, obese participants reported taste perceptions that declined at a more gradual rate than normal- and overweight participants (P<0.01). Self-reported hunger, prior to the study, affected taste perception, but providing nutritional information did not. CONCLUSIONS: Obese participants started with higher levels of perceived taste and also experienced slower rates of decline than did normal-weight and overweight individuals. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Miller, Aaron C AU - Miller AC FAU - Polgreen, Linnea A AU - Polgreen LA FAU - Segre, Elena M AU - Segre EM FAU - Polgreen, Philip M AU - Polgreen PM LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20190730 PL - United States TA - J Acad Nutr Diet JT - Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics JID - 101573920 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Body Weight MH - Feeding Behavior/*psychology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Hunger MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Obesity/physiopathology/*psychology MH - Overweight/physiopathology/*psychology MH - Regression Analysis MH - Taste Perception/*physiology MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chocolate OT - Food labeling OT - Obesity OT - Preferences EDAT- 2019/08/04 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/07 06:00 CRDT- 2019/08/04 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/05/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/08/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/08/04 06:00 [entrez] AID - S2212-2672(18)31527-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jand.2019.05.018 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Acad Nutr Diet. 2020 Jan;120(1):45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.05.018. Epub 2019 Jul 30. PMID- 31070262 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210205 LR - 20210205 IS - 2044-8279 (Electronic) IS - 0007-0998 (Linking) VI - 90 IP - 2 DP - 2020 May TI - Going beyond children's single-text comprehension: The role of fundamental and higher-level skills in 4(th) graders' multiple-document comprehension. PG - 449-472 LID - 10.1111/bjep.12288 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Children's comprehension of single texts relies on both foundational and higher-level skills. These are also assumed to support multiple-document comprehension, but their relative importance has not been examined, to date. Multiple-document comprehension additionally requires the identification and use of information about each document's source. AIMS: This study examined multiple-document comprehension in primary school-aged children. It sought to determine the relative importance of skills proposed to be common to both single-text and multiple-document comprehension (word reading fluency, verbal working memory, comprehension monitoring) and specific to the latter (source use). Single-text comprehension and prior topic knowledge were considered as moderator and control. SAMPLE: Participants were 94 children in the fourth year (mean age = 9; 7 years; 52% females). METHODS: Children read three documents on each of two topics (chocolate and video games). Multiple-document comprehension and source use were assessed through short essays. Independent measures of the fundamental and higher-level skills were used. RESULTS: There was a significant direct and indirect influence of word reading fluency on comprehension of multiple documents on videogames and also an indirect influence of comprehension monitoring. Indirect influences of word reading fluency and comprehension monitoring on multiple-document comprehension for both topics were also apparent. Verbal working memory was not a unique predictor. When source information was identified, it was included to support the argument in the composition. CONCLUSIONS: Efficient word reading, comprehension monitoring, and single-text comprehension are important for multiple-document comprehension in young readers. Implications of these findings and differences between the two document sets are discussed. CI - (c) 2019 The British Psychological Society. FAU - Florit, Elena AU - Florit E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9130-459X AD - Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Italy. FAU - Cain, Kate AU - Cain K AD - Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, UK. FAU - Mason, Lucia AU - Mason L AD - Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Italy. LA - eng GR - University of Padua/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190509 PL - England TA - Br J Educ Psychol JT - The British journal of educational psychology JID - 0370636 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Comprehension/*physiology MH - Executive Function/*physiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Memory, Short-Term/*physiology MH - *Reading OTO - NOTNLM OT - fourth graders OT - fundamental skills OT - higher-level skills OT - multiple-document comprehension OT - reading comprehension EDAT- 2019/05/10 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/07 06:00 CRDT- 2019/05/10 06:00 PHST- 2018/04/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/01/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/05/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/05/10 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/bjep.12288 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Educ Psychol. 2020 May;90(2):449-472. doi: 10.1111/bjep.12288. Epub 2019 May 9. PMID- 30947611 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210728 LR - 20210728 IS - 1546-8364 (Electronic) IS - 1059-8405 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 5 DP - 2020 Oct TI - Peer Networks and Intention to Consume Unhealthy Food: The Association Through Cognitive Mediators in Peruvian Adolescents. PG - 376-385 LID - 10.1177/1059840519839118 [doi] AB - This cross-sectional study examined the mediating role of three reasoned action approach (RAA) constructs-attitudes, perceived social pressure, and perceived behavioral control-on the relationship between peer networks and intention to consume unhealthy food. The authors examined self-reported data of a sample of 277 adolescents from public and private schools in Lima, Peru. Results revealed a total mediating effect of the reasoned action constructs; yet attitudes and perceived behavioral control, but not perceived social pressure (injunctive and descriptive norms), mediated the relationship between peer network and intention to consume unhealthy food. Explanations for these results are discussed in light of social cognitive theory and Ajzen and Fishbein's postulates about specific attitudes. Finally, we discuss how school nurses can take advantage of RAA variables to influence food environments, use peer networks for reducing unhealthy food consumption, and organize workshops to inform parents about the mechanisms that promote junk food intake. FAU - Ruiz-Dodobara, Fernando AU - Ruiz-Dodobara F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1587-5996 AD - Instituto de Investigacion Cientifica, 42694Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru. FAU - Busse, Peter AU - Busse P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5570-1299 AD - Instituto de Investigacion Cientifica, 42694Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190404 PL - United States TA - J Sch Nurs JT - The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses JID - 9206498 MH - Adolescent MH - *Adolescent Behavior MH - *Attitude MH - Candy MH - Carbonated Beverages MH - Chocolate MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Diet/*standards MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Intention MH - Male MH - Mediation Analysis MH - *Peer Group MH - Peru/epidemiology MH - Psychological Theory MH - Social Networking MH - Social Norms OTO - NOTNLM OT - Peru OT - cognitive mediators OT - peer networks OT - school nursing OT - teenagers OT - unhealthy food EDAT- 2019/04/06 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/29 06:00 CRDT- 2019/04/06 06:00 PHST- 2019/04/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/04/06 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1177/1059840519839118 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Sch Nurs. 2020 Oct;36(5):376-385. doi: 10.1177/1059840519839118. Epub 2019 Apr 4. PMID- 30554325 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210104 LR - 20261011 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 2 DP - 2020 Apr TI - Unhealthy lifestyle and oxidative damage in childhood obesity. PG - 481-486 LID - 10.1007/s40519-018-0626-7 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Oxidized LDL cholesterol (oxLDL) has been considered as a sensor of oxidative stress (OS) in childhood obesity. We integrated and related our oxLDL existing results previously assessed in overweight/obese children to lifestyle variables to investigate OS-related lifestyle variables. METHODS: 178 Caucasian children/adolescents have been evaluated and according to BMI percentiles have been classified as normal weight (BMI < 75th); overweight (BMI 75-97th) and obese (BMI > 97th). Serum oxLDL levels have been measured. The dietary habits and physical activity have been also assessed. RESULTS: No differences between normal weight and overweight/obese children were detected according to the total score of dietary habits section. Normal weight subjects reported a higher total physical activity score (p = 0.001) compared to overweight/ obese children. No correlation between oxLDL and total dietary habits and physical activity scores was noted. Increased oxLDL in subjects drinking < 1 L/day of water (p = 0.022) and in daily consumers of chocolate drinks at breakfast (p = 0.029) was observed, while a decreased oxLDL was reported in subjects consuming a breakfast based mainly on fruits (p = 0.004). Moreover, "high-fat diet" and "always eating a dessert at the end of the meal" were correlated with increased oxLDL with a trend towards significance. As regards physical activity, no correlations were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Diet and physical activity may not have an immediate impact on OS response in children with or without obesity. Unhealthy lifestyle, including increased fat, simple sugar intake, poor water intake, emerged as external exposome predictors of OS, that may be monitored to improve health status. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, case-control analytic studies. FAU - De Giuseppe, Rachele AU - De Giuseppe R AD - Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Calcaterra, Valeria AU - Calcaterra V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2137-5974 AD - Department of Maternal and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, P.le Golgi n.2, 27100, Pavia, Italy. v.calcaterra@smatteo.pv.it. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. v.calcaterra@smatteo.pv.it. FAU - Biino, Ginevra AU - Biino G AD - Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Manuelli, Matteo AU - Manuelli M AD - Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Mier, Noelia Rodriguez AU - Mier NR AD - Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Mantelli, Melissa AU - Mantelli M AD - Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory/Cell Factory/Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy. FAU - De Filippo, Maria AU - De Filippo M AD - Department of Maternal and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, P.le Golgi n.2, 27100, Pavia, Italy. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Cossellu, Gianguido AU - Cossellu G AD - Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy. FAU - Cena, Hellas AU - Cena H AD - Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. AD - Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20181215 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) RN - 0 (Drinking Water) RN - 0 (Lipoproteins, LDL) RN - 0 (oxidized low density lipoprotein) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - *Diet MH - Diet, High-Fat MH - Dietary Sugars MH - Drinking Behavior MH - Drinking Water MH - *Exercise MH - Exposome MH - Female MH - Fruit MH - Humans MH - *Life Style MH - Lipoproteins, LDL/*blood MH - Male MH - *Oxidative Stress MH - Pediatric Obesity/*blood OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Dietary habits OT - Oxidative damage OT - Physical activity OT - Unhealthy lifestyle EDAT- 2018/12/17 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2018/12/17 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/12/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/12/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/12/17 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s40519-018-0626-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-018-0626-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2020 Apr;25(2):481-486. doi: 10.1007/s40519-018-0626-7. Epub 2018 Dec 15. PMID- 29525919 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201117 LR - 20261011 IS - 1590-1262 (Electronic) IS - 1124-4909 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Feb TI - Investigating the nutritional value of foods targeting children. PG - 51-58 LID - 10.1007/s40519-018-0497-y [doi] AB - PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the nutritional values of some low-nutrition packaged foods widely sold in supermarkets and encouraged for consumption. METHODS: The study used 435 packaged foods from six hypermarkets with high sale capacities in Ankara to analyze their contents of energy/total fat/saturated fat/carbohydrate/sugar/salt based on label information. RESULTS: Among the products in the scope of the study, the highest values were found in chocolates for fat (33.0 +/- 4.28/100 g) and sugar (45.6 +/- 5.95/100 g), wafers for saturated fat (19.2 +/- 3.89/100 g), and crackers for sodium (0.9 +/- 0.23/100 g). Among the 435 packaged foods investigated in the study, the products exceeded the limits designated in the health codes declared by the Turkish Food Codex Labeling Directive in 83.4% of the instances in terms of sugar, 93.7% of the instances in terms of total fat, 92.4% of the instances in terms of saturated fat, and 70.3% of the instances in terms of sodium. CONCLUSION: Energy/fat/sugar/salt contents were high in the packaged products that are especially targeted for children for higher consumption. Children's frequent and excessive consumption of these products contribute to the prevalence of childhood obesity and increase in related health risks. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, descriptive study. FAU - Guzel, Sumeyye AU - Guzel S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6974-8461 AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Sukriye Mahallesi Plevne Caddesi Aktas Kavsagi, No: 5, Ankara, Turkey. sumeyyeguzel91@hotmail.com. FAU - Keser, Alev AU - Keser A AD - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Sukriye Mahallesi Plevne Caddesi Aktas Kavsagi, No: 5, Ankara, Turkey. FAU - Hatun, Sukru AU - Hatun S AD - Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Koc University, Davutpasa Caddesi, No: 4, Topkapi, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20180310 PL - Germany TA - Eat Weight Disord JT - Eating and weight disorders : EWD JID - 9707113 SB - IM MH - *Food MH - Food Labeling MH - Humans MH - *Nutritive Value MH - Pediatric Obesity/*prevention & control OTO - NOTNLM OT - Childhood obesity OT - Fat OT - Food addiction OT - Obesogenic environment OT - Sugar EDAT- 2018/03/12 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/18 06:00 CRDT- 2018/03/12 06:00 PHST- 2018/01/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/02/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/03/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/03/12 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s40519-018-0497-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40519-018-0497-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eat Weight Disord. 2020 Feb;25(1):51-58. doi: 10.1007/s40519-018-0497-y. Epub 2018 Mar 10.